United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
2009 Edition of the Drinking
Water Standards and Health
Advisories
-------
2009 Edition of the Drinking Water
Standards and Health Advisories
EPA 822-R-09-011
Office of Water
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC
Fall 2009
Date of update: October, 2009
Recycled/Recyclable
Printed on paper that c
at least 50% recycled fiber.
Printed on paper that contains ^ I
-------
The Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables are revised periodically by EPA's
Office of Water in order to update RfD and Cancer values so that they are consistent with the
most current Agency assessments of chemical contaminants that may occur in drinking water
and to introduce new Health Advisories. The following information should be kept in mind
when using the 2009 Edition of the Tables:
Reference dose (RfD) values are updated to reflect the values in the Integrated Risk
Information System (IRIS) and the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) Reregi strati on
Eligibility Decisions (RED) Documents. The Drinking Water Equivalent Level (DWEL)
has been adjusted accordingly. Thus, both the RfD and DWEL in the Tables differ from
the values in the Health Advisory document when the IRIS or OPP RfD is more recent
than the Health Advisory document value. RfD values from IRIS that differ from the
values in the Health Advisory documents are presented in BOLD type. Values derived
from the REDs are given in BOLD italics. For unregulated chemicals with a recent IRIS
or OPP RfD, the lifetime Health Advisory is calculated from the DWEL using the
relative source contribution value published in the Health Advisory document. For
regulated chemicals, no lifetime value is provided in the Tables when the revised lifetime
value would differ from the Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG).
The cancer group designation or cancer classification and 10"4 cancer risk values reflect
those presently in IRIS or in the OPP RED. New IRIS cancer designations and 10"4
cancer risk values are presented in BOLD type and those derived from the REDs are in
BOLD italics
The IRIS Toxicological Reviews can be accessed at: http://www.epa.gov/IRIS. The OPP
REDs can be accessed at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/oppref/rereg/status.cfm?show=rereg
In some cases there is a Health Advisory value for a contaminant but there is no reference
to a Health Advisory document. These Health Advisory values can be found in the
Drinking Water Criteria Document for the contaminant.
With a few exceptions, the RfDs, Health Advisory, and cancer risk values have been
rounded to one significant figure following the convention adopted by IRIS.
The Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables may be reached from the Water
Science home page at: http://www.epa.gov/waterscience. The Tables are accessed under the
Drinking Water icon.
Copies the Tables may be ordered free of charge from
SAFE DRINKING WATER HOTLINE
1-800-426-4791
Monday thru Friday, 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM EST
-------
DEFINITIONS
The following definitions for terms used in the Tables are not all-encompassing, and should not
be construed to be "official" definitions. They are intended to assist the user in understanding
terms found on the following pages.
Action Level: The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other
requirements which a water system must follow. It is the level of lead or copper which, if
exceeded in over 10% of the homes tested, triggers treatment for corrosion control.
Cancer Classification: A descriptive weight-of-evidence judgment as to the likelihood that an
agent is a human carcinogen and the conditions under which the carcinogenic effects may be
expressed. Under the 2005 EPA Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, descriptive terms
for carcinogenicity replace the earlier alpha numeric Cancer Group designations (US EPA 1986
guidelines). The suggested descriptive terms are as follows:
Carcinogenic to humans (H)
• Likely to be carcinogenic to humans (L)
• Likely to be carcinogenic above a specified dose but not likely to be carcinogenic below
that dose because a key event in tumor formation does not occur below that dose (L/N)
Suggestive evidence of carcinogenic potential (S)
• Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential (I)
• Not likely to be carcinogenic to humans (N)
The letter abbreviations provided parenthetically above are now used in the Tables in place of
the prior alpha numeric identifiers for chemicals that have been evaluated under the new
guidelines (the 2005 guidelines or the 1996 and 1999 draft guidelines).
Cancer Group: A qualitative weight-of-evidence judgment as to the likelihood that a chemical
may be a carcinogen for humans. Each chemical was placed into one of the following five
categories (US EPA 1986 guidelines). The Cancer Group designations are given in the Tables for
chemicals that have not yet been evaluated under the new guidelines.
Group Category
A Human carcinogen
B Probable human carcinogen:
Bl indicates limited human evidence
B2 indicates sufficient evidence in animals and inadequate or no evidence in humans
C Possible human carcinogen
D Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity
E Evidence of noncarcinogenicity for humans
10~4 Cancer Risk: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water corresponding to an excess
estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 in 10,000.
-------
Drinking Water Advisory: A nonregulatory concentration of a contaminant in water that is
likely to be without adverse effects on health and aesthetics.
DWEL: Drinking Water Equivalent Level. A lifetime exposure concentration protective of
adverse, non-cancer health effects, which assumes that all of the exposure to a contaminant is
from drinking water.
HA: Health Advisory. An estimate of acceptable drinking water levels for a chemical substance
based on health effects information; a Health Advisory is not a legally enforceable Federal
standard, but serves as technical guidance to assist Federal, State, and local officials.
One-Day HA: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to
cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for up to one day of exposure. The One-Day
HA is normally designed to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day.
Ten-Day HA: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to
cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for up to ten days of exposure. The Ten-Day
HA is also normally designed to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day.
Lifetime HA: The concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to
cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for a lifetime of exposure. The Lifetime HA
is based on exposure of a 70-kg adult consuming 2 liters of water per day. The Lifetime
HA for Group C carcinogens includes an adjustment for possible carcinogenicity.
MCLG: Maximum Contaminant Level Goal. A non-enforceable health goal which is set at a
level at which no known or anticipated adverse effect on the health of persons occurs and which
allows an adequate margin of safety.
MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level. The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in
drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLG as feasible using the best available analytical
and treatment technologies and taking cost into consideration. MCLs are enforceable standards.
RfD: Reference Dose. An estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of
a daily oral exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be
without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime.
SDWR: Secondary Drinking Water Regulations. Non-enforceable Federal guidelines regarding
cosmetic effects (such as tooth or skin discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or
color) of drinking water.
TT: Treatment Technique. A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in
drinking water.
in
-------
ABBREVIATIONS
D Draft
F Final
I Interim
NA Not Applicable
NOAEL No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
OPP Office of Pesticide Programs
P Proposed
Pv Provisional
Reg Regulation
TT Treatment Technique
IV
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Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 1
Chemicals
ORGANIC S
Acenaphthene
Acifluorfen (sodium)
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Alachlor
Aldicarb3
Aldicarb sulfone3
Aldicarb sulfoxide3
Aldrin
Ametryn
Ammonium sulfamate
Anthracene (PAH) 5
Atrazine
Baygon
Bentazon
Benz[a]anthracene (PAH)
Benzene
Benzo[a]pyrene (PAH)
Benzo[b]fluoranthene (PAH)
Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (PAH)
Benzo[k]fluoranthene (PAH)
bis-2-Chloroisopropyl ether
Bromacil
Bromobenzene
CASRN
Number
83-32-9
62476-59-9
79-06-1
107-13-1
15972-60-8
116-06-3
1646-88-4
1646-87-3
309-00-2
834-12-8
7773-06-0
120-12-7
1912-24-9
114-26-1
25057-89-0
56-55-3
71-43-2
50-32-8
205-99-2
191-24-2
207-08-9
39638-32-9
314-40-9
108-86-1
Standards
Status
Reg.
-
F
F
F4
F4
F4
-
-
-
-
F
-
-
-
F
F
-
-
-
-
-
-
MCLG
(mg/L)
-
-
zero
-
zero
0.001
0.001
0.001
-
-
-
-
0.003
-
-
-
zero
zero
-
-
-
-
-
-
MCL
(mg/L)
-
-
TT2
-
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.004
-
-
-
-
0.003
-
-
-
0.005
0.0002
-
-
-
-
-
-
Status
HA
Document
-
F'88
F '87
-
F'88
F '95
F '95
F'95
F '92
F '88
F'88
-
F '88
F '88
F'99
-
F '87
-
-
-
-
F'89
F'88
D'86
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
mg/L at
j=
-* •!• 10~ Cancer
Life- J^. "
One-day Ten-day RfD DWEL time Rlsk
(mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/kg/day) (mg/L) (mg/L)
0.06 2
2 2 0.01 0.4 ' 0.1
1.5 0.3 0.0002 0.007 - 0.0008
0.006
0.1 0.1 0.01 0.4 - 0.04
0.01 0.01 0.001 0.035 0.007
0.01 0.01 0.001 0.035 0.007
0.01 0.01 0.001 0.035 0.007
0.0003 0.0003 0.00003 0.001 - 0.0002
9 9 0.009 0.3 0.06
20 20 0.2 8 2 -
0.3 10
0.02 0.7
0.04 0.04 0.004 0.1 0.003
0.3 0.3 0.03 1 0.2
.
0.2 0.2 0.004 0.1 - 0.1
0.0005
.
-
-
4 4 0.04 1 0.3
5 5 0.1 3.5 0.07
4 4 0.008 0.3 0.07
Cancer
Descriptor1
L/N
B2
Bl
B2
D
D
D
B2
D
D
D
N
C
E
B2
H
B2
B2
D
B2
D
C
I
1 Chemicals evaluated under the 2005 Cancer Guidelines or the 1996 or 1999 drafts are demoted by an abbreviation for their weight-of-the-evidence descriptor (see page iii). If the agency
has not completed a new assessment for the chemical, the 1986 Guidelines Group designation (see page iii) is given in the Cancer Descriptor column.
.When Acrylamide is used in drinking water systems, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level shall not exceed that equivalent to a polyacrylamide polymer containing
0.05% monomer dosed at 1 mg/L.
3 The MCL value for any combination of two or more of these three chemicals should not exceed 0.007 mg/L because of a similar mode of action.
Administrative stay of the effective date.
5 PAH = Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
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Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 2
Chemicals
Bromochloromethane
Bromodichloromethane (THM)
Bromoform (THM)
Bromomethane
Butyl benzyl phthalate
Butylate
Carbaryl
Carbofuran
Carbon tetrachloride
Carboxin
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chloroform (THM)
Chloromethane
Chlorophenol (2-)
Chlorothalonil
Chlorotoluene o-
Chlorotoluene p-
Chlorpyrifos
Chrysene (PAH)
Cyanazine
CASRN
Number
74-97-5
75-27-4
75-25-2
74-83-9
85-68-7
2008-41-5
63-25-2
1563-66-2
56-23-5
5234-68-4
133-90-4
57-74-9
67-66-3
74-87-3
95-57-8
1897-45-6
95-49-8
106-43-4
2921-88-2
218-01-9
21725-46-2
Standards
Status MCLG MCL
Reg. (mg/L) (mg/L)
.
F zero 0.081
F zero 0.081
.
.
.
.
F 0.04 0.04
F zero 0.005
.
.
F zero 0.002
F 0.07 0.081
.
.
.
.
.
-
-
-
Status
HA
Document
F'89
-
-
D'89
-
F '89
F'88
F'87
F '87
F'88
F '88
F'87
-
F'89
D'94
F'88
F '89
F'89
F '92
-
D'96
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
One-day Ten-<
(mg/L) (mg/
50 1
1 0.6
5 0.2
0.1 0.1
-
2 2
1 1
-
4 0.2
1 1
3 3
0.06 0.06
4 4
9 0.4
0.5 0.5
0.2 0.2
2 2
2 2
0.03 0.03
-
0.1 0.1
lay RfD
L) (mg/kg/day)
0.01
0.003
0.03
0.001
0.2
0.05
0.01
0.00006
0.0007
0.1
0.015
0.0005
0.01
0.004
0.005
0.015
0.02
0.02
ft 0003
-
0.002
mg/L at
10^4 Cancer
DWEL Life-time Risk
(mg/L) (mg/L)
0.5 0.09
0.1 - 0.1
1 - 0.8
0.05 0.01
7
2 0.4
0.4 - 4
.
0.03 - 0.03
3.5 0.7
0.5 0.1
0.02 - 0.01
0.35 0.07
0.1 0.03
0.2 0.04
0.5 - 0.15
0.7 0.1
0.7 0.1
0.01 0.002
-
0.07 0.001
Cancer
Descriptor
D
L
L
D
C
D
L
N
B2
D
D
B2
L/N
D
D
B2
D
D
D
B2
1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for trihalomethanes (THM) is 0.08 mg/L.
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Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 3
Chemicals
Cyanogen chloride1
2,4-D (2,4-
dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)
DCPA (Dacthal)
Dalapon (sodium salt)
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Diazinon
Dibromochloromethane (THM)
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)
Dibutyl phthalate
Dicamba
Dichloroacetic acid
Dichlorobenzene o-
Dichlorobenzene —
Dichlorobenzene p-
Dichlorodifluoromethane
Dichloroethane (1,2-)
Dichloroethylene (1,1-)
Dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-)
Dichloroethylene (trans- 1,2-)
Dichloromethane
Dichlorophenol (2,4-)
Dichloropropane (1,2-)
Dichloropropene (1,3-)
Dieldrin
Diethyl phthalate
CASRN
Number
506-77-4
94-75-7
1861-32-1
75-99-0
103-23-1
117-81-7
333-41-5
124-48-1
96-12-8
84-74-2
1918-00-9
76-43-6
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
75-71-8
107-06-2
75-35-4
156-59-2
156-60-5
75-09-2
120-83-2
78-87-5
542-75-6
60-57-1
84-66-2
Standards
Status
Reg.
-
F
-
F
F
F
-
F
F
-
-
F
F
-
F
-
F
F
F
F
F
-
F
-
-
-
MCLG
(mg/L)
-
0.07
-
0.2
0.4
zero
-
0.06
zero
-
-
zero
0.6
-
0.075
-
zero
0.007
0.07
0.1
zero
-
zero
-
-
-
MCL
(mg/L)
-
0.07
-
0.2
0.4
0.006
-
0.082
0.0002
-
-
0.063
0.6
-
0.075
-
0.005
0.007
0.07
0.1
0.005
-
0.005
-
-
-
Status
HA
Document
-
F '87
F'08
F'89
-
-
F '88
-
F'87
-
F '88
-
F'87
F '87
F'87
F'89
F '87
F '87
F'90
F'87
D'93
D'94
F'87
F '88
F '88
-
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
One-day
(mg/L)
0.05
1
2
3
20
-
0.02
0.6
0.2
-
-
5
9
9
11
40
0.7
2
4
20
10
0.03
-
0.03
0.0005
-
Ten-day
(mg/L)
0.05
0.3
2
3
20
-
0.02
0.6
0.05
-
-
5
9
9
11
40
0.7
1
1
1
2
0.03
0.09
0.03
0.0005
-
RfD
(mg/kg/day)
0.05
0.005
0.01
0.03
0.6
0.02
0.0002
0.02
-
0.1
0.5
0.004
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.2
-
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.003
-
0.03
0.00005
0.8
mg/L at
DWEL Life-time 10-4 Cancer
(mg/L) (mg/L) Risk
2
0.2
0.35 0.07
0.9 0.2
20 0.4 3
0.7 - 0.3
0.007 0.001
0.7 0.06 0.08
0.003
4
18 4
0.1 - 0.07
3 0.6
3 0.6
4 0.075
5 1
0.04
2 - 0.006
0.35 0.07
0.7 0.1
2 - 0.5
0.1 0.02
0.06
1 - 0.04
0.002 - 0.0002
30
Cancer
Descriptor
D
D
C
D
C
B2
E
S
B2
D
N
L
D
D
C
D
B2
S
D
D
B2
E
B2
L
B2
D
Under review.
1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for trihalomethanes is 0.08 mg/L.
1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.
The values for m-dichlorobenzene are based on data for o-dichlorobenzene.
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Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Summer 2009
Page 4
Chemicals
Diisopropyl methylphosphonate
Dimethrin
Dimethyl methylphosphonate
Dimethyl phthalate
Dinitrobenzene (1,3-)
Dinitrotoluene (2,4-)
Dinitrotoluene (2,6-)
Dinitrotoluene (2,6 & 2,4) '
Dinoseb
Dioxane p-
Diphenamid
Diquat
Disulfoton
Dithiane(l,4-)
Diuron
Endothall
Endrin
Epichlorohydrin
Ethylbenzene
Ethylene dibromide (EDB)3
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene Thiourea (ETU)
Fenamiphos
CASRN
Number
1445-75-6
70-38-2
756-79-6
131-11-3
99-65-0
121-14-2
606-20-2
88-85-7
123-91-1
957-51-7
85-00-7
298-04-4
505-29-3
330-54-1
145-73-3
72-20-8
106-89-8
100-41-4
106-93-4
107-21-1
96-45-7
22224-92-6
Standards
Status MCLG MCL
Reg. (mg/L) (mg/L)
.
.
.
F 0.007 0.007
.
-
F 0.02 0.02
.
.
.
F 0.1 0.1
F 0.002 0.002
F zero TT
F 0.7 0.7
F zero 0.00005
-
.
-
Status
HA
Document
F'89
F'88
F'92
-
F'91
F'08
F '08
F'92
F'88
F'87
F'88
-
F'88
F'92
F'88
F'88
F'87
F'87
F'87
F'87
F'87
F'88
F'88
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
One-day Ten-<
(mg/L) (mg/
8 8
10 10
2 2
-
0.04 0.04
0.5 0.5
0.4 0.4
-
0.3 0.3
4 0.4
0.3 0.3
-
0.01 0.01
0.4 0.4
1 1
0.8 0.8
0.02 0.005
0.1 0.1
30 3
0.008 0.008
20 6
0.3 0.3
0.009 0.009
lay RfD
L) (mg/kg/day)
0.08
0.3
0.2
-
0.0001
0.002
0.001
-
0.001
-
0.03
0.005
0.0001
0.01
0.003
0.007
0.0003
0.002
0.1
0.009
2
0.0002
0.0001
DWEL
(mg/L)
3
10
7
-
0.005
0.1
0.04
-
0.035
-
1
0.02
0.0035
0.4
0.1
0.25
0.01
0.07
3
0.3
70
0.007
0.0035
mg/L at
Life-time 10^4 Cancer
(mg/L) Risk
0.6
2
0.1 0.7
-
0.001
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.007
0.3
0.2
-
0.0007
0.08
0.2
0.05
0.002
0.3
0.7
0.002
14
ft 06
0.0007
Cancer
Descriptor
D
D
C
D
D
L
L
B2
D
B2
D
E
E
D
L
N
D
B2
D
L
D
B2
E
Technical grade.
2 When epichlorohydrin is used in drinking water systems, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level shall not exceed that equivalent to an epichlorohydrin-based polymer
containing 0.01% monomer dosed at 20 mg/L.
1,2-dibromoethane.
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Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
PageS
Chemicals
Fluometuron
Fluorene (PAH)
Fonofos
Formaldehyde
Glyphosate
Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hexane (n-)
Hexazinone
HMX3
Indeno[l,2,3,-c,d]pyrene (PAH)
Isophorone
Isopropyl methylphosphonate
Isopropylbenzene (cumene)
Lindane 4
Malathion
Maleic hydrazide
MCPA5
Methomyl
Methoxychlor
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl parathion
CAS Number
2164-17-2
86-73-7
944-22-9
50-00-0
1071-83-6
76-44-8
1024-57-3
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
110-54-3
51235-04-2
2691-41-0
193-39-5
78-59-1
1832-54-8
98-82-8
58-89-9
121-75-5
123-33-1
94-74-6
16752-77-5
72-43-5
78-93-3
298-00-0
Standards
Status MCLG MCL
Reg. (mg/L) (mg/L)
-
.
.
F 0.7 0.7
F zero 0.0004
F zero 0.0002
F zero 0.001
.
F 0.05 0.05
.
.
.
.
.
-
-
.
F 0.0002 0.0002
.
.
.
.
F 0.04 0.04
.
-
Status
HA
Standards
F'88
F '88
D'93
F'88
F '87
F'87
F'87
-
-
F'91
F'87
F '96
F '88
-
F '92
F '92
D'87
F'87
F '92
F '88
F'88
F '88
F '87
F'87
F'88
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
One-day Ten-<
(mg/L) (mg/
2 2
0.02 0.02
10 5
20 20
0.01 0.01
0.01
0.05 0.05
0.3 0.3
-
5 5
10 4
3 2
5 5
-
15 15
30 30
11 11
1 1
0.2 0.2
10 10
0.1 0.1
0.3 0.3
0.05 0.05
75 7.5
0.3 0.3
mg/L at
lay RfD DWEL Life-time 10-4 Cancer
L) (mg/kg/day) (mg/L) (mg/L) Risk
0.01 0.5 0.09
0.04 1
0.002 0.07 0.01
0.2 71-
2 70
0.0005 0.02 - 0.0008
0.00001 0.0004 - 0.0004
0.0008 0.03 - 0.002
0.0003 0.01 - 0.09
0.006 0.2
0.001 0.04 0.001 0.3
.
ft 05 2 0.4
0.05 2 0.4
.
0.2 7 0.1 4
0.1 3.5 0.7
0.1 4 - -
ft 005 0.2
ft 07 2 0.5
0.5 20 4
0.004 0.14 0.03
0.025 0.9 0.2
0.005 0.2 0.04
0.6 20 4
0.0002 0.007 0.001
Cancer
Descriptor
D
D
D
Bl1
D
B2
B2
B2
L
N
C
I
D
D
B2
C
D
D
S
S
D
N
E
D
D
N
Carcinogenicity based on inhalation exposure.
Regulatory Determination Health Effects Support Document for Hexachlorobutadiene
(http: //www. epa. gov/safewater/ccl/pdfs/reg_determine 1 /support_cc 1 _hexachlorobutadiene_healtheffects. pdf).
3 HMX = octahydro-l,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine.
Lindane = y — hexachlorocyclohexane.
MCPA = 4 (chloro-2-methoxyphenoxy) acetic acid.
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Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 6
Chemicals
Metolachlor
Metribuzin
Monochloroacetic acid
Monochlorobenzene
Naphthalene
Nitrocellulose2
Nitroguanidine
Nitrophenol p-
N-nitrosodimethylamine
Oxamyl (Vydate)
Paraquat
Pentachlorophenol
PFOA3
PFOS4
Phenanthrene (PAH)
Phenol
Picloram
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Prometon
Pronamide
Propachlor
Propazine
Propham
Pyrene (PAH)
RDX5
Simazine
Styrene
2,4,5-T (Trichlorophenoxy-acetic
acid)
CASRN
Number
51218-45-2
21087-64-9
79-11-8
108-90-7
91-20-3
9004-70-0
556-88-7
100-02-7
23135-22-0
1910-42-5
87-86-5
335-67-1
1763-23-1
85-01-8
108-95-2
1918-02-1
1336-36-3
1610-18-0
23950-58-5
1918-16-7
139-40-2
122-42-9
129-00-0
121-82-4
122-34-9
100-42-5
93-76-5
Standards
Status MCLG MCL
Reg. (mg/L) (mg/L)
.
.
F 0.03 0.061
F 0.1 0.1
.
.
.
-
.
F 0.2 0.2
-
F zero 0.001
.
.
.
.
F 0.5 0.5
F zero 0.0005
.
.
.
-
-
.
.
F 0.004 0.004
F 0.1 0.1
.
Status
HA
Document
F '88
F '88
-
F'87
F '90
F'88
F'90
F '92
-
F'05
F'88
F '87
Pv'09
Pv'09
-
D'92
F'88
D'93
F '88
F '88
F'88
F '88
F '88
-
F'88
F '88
F '87
F'88
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
mg/L at
One-day Ten-day RfD DWEL Life-time 10^4 Cancer
(mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/kg/day) (mg/L) (mg/L) Risk
2 2 0.1 3.5 0.7
5 5 ft 01 0.35 0.07
0.2 0.2 0.01 0.35 0.07
4 4 0.02 0.7 0.1
0.5 0.5 0.02 0.7 0.1
.
10 10 0.1 3.5 0.7
0.8 0.8 0.008 0.3 0.06
0.7
0.01 0.01 0.001 0.035
0.1 0.1 ft 0045 0.2 0.03
1 0.3 0.03 1 - 0.03
.
.
.
6 6 0.3 11 2 -
20 20 ft 02 0.7
0.01
0.2 0.2 ft 05 2 0.4
0.8 0.8 0.08 3 - 0.1
0.5 0.5 0.05 2 - 0.1
0.02 0.7 0.01
5 5 0.02 0.6 0.1
0.03
0.1 0.1 0.003 0.1 0.002 0.03
0.02 0.7
20 2 0.2 7 0.1
0.8 0.8 0.01 0.35 0.07
Cancer
Descriptor
C
D
I
D
I
-
D
D
62
N
E
B2
-
-
D
D
D
B2
N
B2
L
N
D
D
C
N
C
D
1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: the total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.
The Health Advisory Document for nitrocellulose does not include HA values and describes this compound as relatively nontoxic.
3 Perfluorooctanoic Acid. Provisional short-term value 0.0004 mg/L.
4 Perfluorooctane Sulfonate. Provisional short-term value 0.0002 mg/L.
RDX = hexahydro -l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine.
-------
Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 7
Chemicals
2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)
Tebuthiuron
Terbacil
Terbufos
Tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-)
Tetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-)
Tetrachloroethylene1
Tetrachloroterephthalic acid
Trichlorofluoromethane
Toluene
Toxaphene
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
Trichloroacetic acid
Trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-)
Trichlorobenzene (1,3,5-)
Trichloroethane (1,1,1-)
Trichloroethane (1,1,2-)
Trichloroethylene '
Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-)
Trichloropropane (1,2,3-)
Trifluralin
Trimethylbenzene (1,2,4-)
Trimethylbenzene (1,3,5-)
Trinitroglycerol
Trinitrotoluene (2,4,6-)
Vinyl chloride
Xylenes
CASRN
Number
1746-01-6
34014-18-1
5902-51-2
13071-79-9
630-20-6
79-34-5
127-18-4
236-79-0
75-69-4
108-88-3
8001-35-2
93-72-1
76-03-9
120-82-1
108-70-3
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
88-06-2
96-18-4
1582-09-8
95-63-6
108-67-8
55-63-0
118-96-7
75-01-4
1330-20-7
Standards
Status MCLG MCL
Reg. (mg/L) (mg/L)
F zero 3E-08
.
.
.
.
F zero 0.005
-
.
F 1 1
F zero 0.003
F 0.05 0.05
F 0.02 0.062
F 0.07 0.07
-
F 0.2 0.2
F 0.003 0.005
F zero 0.005
.
-
.
.
-
-
-
F zero 0.002
F 10 10
Status
HA
Document
F '87
F'88
F '88
F'88
F'89
F '08
F'87
F'08
F '89
D'93
F'96
F '88
-
F '89
F '89
F'87
F '89
F'87
D'94
F '89
F'90
D'87
D'87
F'87
F '89
F'87
D'93
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
One-day
(mg/L)
1E-06
3
0.3
0.005
2
3
2
100
7
20
0.004
0.2
3
0.1
0.6
100
0.6
-
0.03
0.6
0.08
-
10
0.005
0.02
3
40
Ten-day
(mg/L)
1E-07
3
0.3
0.005
2
3
2
100
7
2
0.004
0.2
3
0.1
0.6
40
0.4
-
0.03
0.6
0.08
-
-
0.005
0.02
3
40
RfD
(mg/kg/day)
1E-09
0.07
0.01
0.00005
0.03
0.01
0.01
-
0.3
0.08
0.0004
0.008
0.03
0.01
0.006
2
0.004
0.007
0.0003
0.004
0.02
-
-
-
0.0005
0.003
0.2
DWEL Life-time mg/L at 10-"
(mg/L) (mg/L) Cancer Risk
4E-08 - 2E-08
2 0.5
0.4 0.09
0.002 0.0004
1 0.07 0.1
0.4 - 0.02
0.5 0.01
-
10 2
3
0.01 - 0.003
0.3 0.05
1 0.02
0.35 0.07
0.2 0.04
70
0.1 0.003 0.06
0.2 - 0.3
0.01 - 0.3
0.1
0.7 0.01 0.4
.
-
0.005 0.2
0.02 0.002 0.1
0.1 - 0.002
7
Cancer
Descriptor
B2
D
E
D
C
L
-
I
D
I
B2
D
S
D
D
I
C
B2
B2
L
C
D
D
-
C
H
I
Under review.
1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.
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Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 8
Chemicals
INORGANICS
Ammonia
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos (fibers/1 >10,um length)
Barium
Beryllium
Boron
Bromate
Cadmium
Chloramine
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chlorite
Chromium (total)
Copper (at tap)
Cyanide
Fluoride
Lead (at tap)
Manganese
Mercury (inorganic)
Molybdenum
Nickel
CASRN
Number
7664-41-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
7440-41-7
7440-42-8
7789-38-0
7440-43-9
10599-90-3
7782-50-5
10049-04-4
7758-19-2
7440-47-3
7440-50-8
143-33-9
7681-49-4
7439-92-1
7439-96-5
7487-94-7
7439-98-7
7440-02-0
Standards
Status
Reg.
-
F
F
F
F
F
-
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
-
F
-
F
MCLG
(mg/L)
-
0.006
zero
7MFL1
2
0.004
-
zero
0.005
44
44
0.84
0.8
0.1
1.3
0.2
4
zero
-
0.002
-
-
MCL
(mg/L)
-
0.006
0.01
7MFL
2
0.004
-
0.01
0.005
44
44
0.84
1
0.1
TT6
0.2
4
TT6
-
0.002
-
-
Status
HA Document
D'92
F'92
-
-
D'93
F'92
F'08
D'98
F'87
D'95
D'95
D'98
D'98
F'87
D'98
F'87
_
-
F"04
F'87
D'93
F'95
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
One-day Ten-day
(mg/L) (mg/L)
-
0.01 0.01
-
-
0.7 0.7
30 30
3 3
0.2
0.04 0.04
_
3 3
0.8 0.8
0.8 0.8
1 1
-
0.2 0.2
8
-
1 1
0.002 0.002
0.08 0.08
1 1
RfD DWEL Life-time mg/L at 10^
(mg/kg/day) (mg/L) (mg/L) Cancer Risk
30
0.0004 0.01 0.006
0.0003 0.01 - 0.002
700-MFL
0.2 7 - -
0.002 0.07
0.2 7 6 -
0.004 0.14 - 0.005
0.0005 0.02 0.005
0.1 3.5 3.0
0.1 5 4 -
0.03 1 0.8
0.03 1 0.8
0.0035 0.1
.
0.027 0.8 0.2
0.069
.
0.1410 1.6 0.3
0.0003 0.01 0.002
0.005 0.2 0.04
0.02 0.7 0.1
Cancer
Descriptor
D
D
A
A2
N
-
I
B2
D
_
D
D
D
D
D
D
B2
D
D
D
-
MFL = million fibers per liter.
Carcinogenicity based on inhalation exposure.
Monochloramine; measured as free chlorine.
1998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: MRDLG=Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal; and MRDL=Maximum Residual Disinfection Level.
IRIS value for chromium VI.
Copper action level 1.3 mg/L; lead action level 0.015 mg/L.
This RfD is for hydrogen cyanide.
In case of overfeed of the fluoridation chemical see CDC Guidelines in Engineering and Administrative Recommendations on Water Fluoridation
www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039178.htm. Elevated F levels > lOmg/L require action by the water system operator.
Based on dental fluorosis in children, a cosmetic effect. MCLG based on skeletal fluorosis.
0 Dietary manganese. The lifetime health advisory includes a 3 fold modifying factor to account for increased bioavailability from drinking water.
-------
Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 9
Chemicals
Nitrate (as N)
Nitrite (as N)
Nitrate + Nitrite (both as N)
Perchlorate2
Selenium
Silver
Strontium
Thallium
White phosphorous
Zinc
RADIONUCLIDES
Beta particle and photon
activity (formerly
man-made radionuclides)
Gross alpha particle activity
Combined Radium 226 & 228
Radon
Uranium
CASRN
Number
14797-55-8
14797-65-0
14797-73-0
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
7440-24-6
7440-28-0
7723-14-0
7440-66-6
7440-14-4
10043-92-2
7440-61-1
Standards
Status MC
Reg. (mj
F 10
F 1
F 10
-
F 0.05
-
-
LG MCL
;/L) (mg/L)
10
1
10
-
0.05
-
-
F 0.0005 0.002
-
-
F zero
F zero
F zero
P zero
F zero
-
-
4 mrem/
yr
15 pCi/L
5pCi/L
300
pCi/L
AMCL4
4000
pCi/L
0.03
Status
HA
Document
D'93
D'93
D'93
I '08
_
F '92
D'93
F'92
F '90
D'93
-
-
-
-
-
Health Advisories
10-kg Child
Life-
One-day Ten-day RfD DWEL time mg/L at 10-"
(mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/kg/day) (mg/L) (mg/L) Cancer Risk
101 101 1.6 - - -
I1 I1 0.16
.
0.007 0.025 0.015
0.005 0.2 0.05
0.2 0.2 0.0053 0.2 O.I3
25 25 0.6 20 4
0.007 0.007 ....
0.00002 0.0005 0.0001
6 6 0.3 10 2 -
4 mrem/yr
15 pCi/L
.
150pCi/L
0.00065 0.02
Cancer
Descriptor
.
-
-
L/N
D
D
D
I
D
I
A
A
A
A
A
1 These values are calculated for a 4-kg infant and are protective for all age groups.
2 Subchronic value for pregnant women.
Based on a cosmetic effect.
4 AMCL = Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level.
5 Soluble uranium salts. Radionuclide Rule.
-------
Summer 2009
Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories
Page 10
Secondary Drinking Water Regulations
Summer 2009
Page 10
Chemicals
CAS Number
Status
SDWR
Aluminum
Chloride
Color
Copper
Corrosivity
Fluoride
Foaming agents
Iron
Manganese
Odor
pH
Silver
Sulfate
Total dissolved solids (IDS)
Zinc
7429-90-5
7647-14-5
NA
7440-50-8
NA
7681-49-4
NA
7439-89-6
7439-96-5
NA
NA
7440-22-4
7757-82-6
NA
7440-66-6
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
0.05 to 0.2 mg/L
250 mg/L
15 color units
1.0 mg/L
non-corrosive
2.0 mg/L
0.5 mg/L
0.3 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
3 threshold odor numbers
6.5-8.5
0.1 mg/L
250 mg/L
500 mg/L
5 mg/L
10
-------
Microbiology
Summer 2009
Page 11
Cryptosporidium
Giardia lamblia
Legionella
Heterotrophic Plate Count
(HPC)
Mycobacteria
Total Conforms
Turbidity
Viruses
Status
Reg.
F
F
F1
F1
_
F
F
F1
Status HA
Document
F01
F98
F01
-
F99
-
-
MCLG
-
_
zero
NA
_
zero
NA
zero
MCL
TT
TT
TT
TT
_
5%
TT
TT
Treatment Technique
Systems that filter must remove
99% of Cryptosporidium
99.9% killed/inactivated
No limit; EPA believes that if
Giardia and viruses are inactivated,
Legionella will also be controlled
No more than 500 bacterial
colonies per milliliter.
_
No more than 5.0% samples total
coliform-positive in a month. Every
sample that has total conforms must
be analyzed for fecal conforms; no
fecal conforms are allowed.
At no time can turbidity go above 5
NTU (nephelometric turbidity units)
99.99% killed/inactivated
Regulated under the surface water treatment rule.
11
-------
Drinking Water Advisory Table
Summer 2009
Page 12
Chemicals
Ammonia
Methyl tertiary butyl
ether (MtBE)
Sodium
Sulfate
Status
D'92
F'98
F'03
F'03
Health-based Value
Not Available
Not Available
20 mg/L (for
individuals on a 500
mg/day restricted
sodium diet).
500 mg/L
Taste
Threshold
30 mg/L
40 ng/L
30-60 mg/L
250 mg/L
Odor
Threshold
20 ^g/L
Taste Threshold: Concentration at which the majority of consumers do not notice an adverse taste in drinking water; it is
recognized that some sensitive individuals may detect a chemical at levels below this threshold.
Odor Threshold: Concentration at which the majority of consumers do not notice an adverse odor in drinking water; it is
recognized that some sensitive individuals may detect a chemical at levels below this threshold.
12
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