Onbir
NaturalGasf
EPA POLLUTION PREVENTER
OT nap-mepOB nporpaMMbi Natural Gas STAR
CJ
REPLACING GLYCOL DEHYDRATORS WITH DESICCANT
DEHYDRATORS
3AMEHA rJIMKOJIEBOrO OCYUJMTEJlfl CMKKATMBHbIM
B CLUA OKOJIO 30 000 rasosbix CKsawnH BbicoKoro flasneHMfl nponssoflflT 4 ipunn. cpyi.3 (112 Mnpq. M3) npupoflHoro
rasa B rqq. OKOJIO 700 us ainx CKsawnH ncnonbsyioT o6bNHbie muKonesbie ocyujmenn, Bbi6pacbiBaK)mne B
aiMoccpepy OKOJIO 1 winpfl. cpyi.3 (28 MJIH. M3) wieiaHa B rofl. rnnKonesbie ocyujmenn Bbi6pacbisaK)T B aiMoccpepy
MeiaH, neiyHne opraHnnecKne coeflMHeHna (J1OC) v\ onacHbie aiMoccpepHbie sarpflSHmenn (OA3) nepes mMKonesbii
flecop6ep, Kpowie Toro nponcxqqm yieHKa rasa nepes ycipoi/icTBa rmeBMaTMHecKoro ynpasneHMfl. TaKMM o6pasoM,
nponcxoflMT noiepa rasa, ysennHMBaioTCfl saipaibi v\ sarpasHeHne OKpyxaiomei/i cpeflbi.
flapiHepbi nporpaMMbi Natural Gas STAR o6Hapy>KMnM, HTO saMena muKonesoro ocyujmenfl Ha
coKpaujaei aMnccnio Meiana, J1OC v\ OA3 Ha 99%, a TaioKe CHMxaei pacxoflbi Ha aKcnnyaiaunK) v\ o6cny>KMBaHMe. B
CMKKaiMBHOM ocyujMiene sna>KHbii/i ras npoxoflm nepes ocyiuaiomm/i cnoi/i, cocTOflujm/i us cuKKaiMBHbix rpanyn.
Ta6neTKM nornomaioT snary v\ nocieneHHO pacTBOpaioTCfl. TaKMM o6pasoM, aMnccua rasa nponcxoflm TonbKO npn
ocyujmene, nanpuMep, Korfla flo6aBnaK)T HOBbie rpaHynbi.
3KOHOMMHecKm/i aHanns noKasbisaei, HTO saMena rnnKoneBoro ocyujmerm nponsBOflmenbHocibK) 1 MJIH. cpyi.VfleHb
(28 Tbic. M3/fleHb) Ha CMKKaTMBHbii/i, MoxeT o6ecneKMBaHMe, a TaioKe coKpamenne aMnccnn Meiana Ha 564 MJIH. cpyi.Vrofl (15,8 Tbic. M3/rofl).
flaHHbii/i oiHei nocsflmen TOMy, K3K napinepbi Moryi onpeflermTb o6nac™ npuMeHeHna cuKKainsHbix ocyujmenei/i v\
nonyneHne aKOHOMnnecKnx v\ aKonornnecKnx Bbirofl.
MeTOfl
COKpaiHGHMfl
yjeHKM rasa1
SaMSHa muKO-
jieeoi/i ocyiuKM Ha
CMKKaTMBHyK)
CpeflHerofloeoe
coKpameHne
3MMCCMM
Mejana,
TblC.(})yT.3
(TbIC. M3)2
564(15,8)
CpeflHero-
flOBaa
3KOHOMMH
rasa,
Tbic.epyj.3
(TbIC. M3)3
1 063 (29,8)
CTOMMOCTb
C3KOHOMJ16H-
Horo rasa, $4
3 189
Kannjanb-
Hbie
sarpaTbi,
BKfltOHafl
ycjaHOBKy,
$5
12750
CTOMMOCTb
TeXHUHGC-
Koro
o6cny>KMBa-
HMfl, $6
(1 214)
CpOK
oxynaeiviocTM,
JIGT
2,9
1 flpn ycnoBnn, HTO ocyLumenb npon3BOflMTenbHOCTbio 1 M/iH. 4>yT.3/fl6Hb (28 Tbic. M3/fl6Hb) paGoraer npn flasneHnn 450 cjayHTOB Ha KB. fliOMM
(3,1 MHa) M reMneparype 47°F (8,33°C).
2 Pa3HML(a B yreHKe Merana npn rnnKonesoM M cuKKarnBHOM cnoco6e ocyniKH.
3 CyMMa coKpameHnsq SMMCCMM rasa M SKOHOMMH ronnnBHOro rasa.
4 flpn U,SHS rasa $3/Tbic. cjayr.3 ($106/Tbic. M3).
5 CronMOCTb ycraHOBKM cuKKarnBHOro ocymmejisq 6e3 CTOMMOCTM flononHmenbHoro oGopyflOsaHnsq, Heo6xoflMMoro flnsq aaivieHbi rnnKonesoro
ocyLumensq.
6 Pa3HML(a B CTOMMOCTM TexHMHecKoro o6cny>KMBaHMsq mMKonesoro M CMKKaTMBHoro ocyniMTeneM.
HacToamni/i flOKyMeHT - oflMH MS OTHeios cepnn "Onbii npuMeHeHMfl", paspa6oTaHHOi/i EPA B coipyflHUHecTse c
rasosoi/i oipacribK) B paMKax npoeKios nporpaMMbi Natural Gas STAR.
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OnucaHne
TexHonoruM
flo6biBaeMbii/i ras B Hopwie coflepxm sofly. ECJIM He yqanflib sofly, ona
MOKei KOHfleHcuposaTbCfl M/MJin sawiepsaib B KonneKiopHbix, ipaHcnopiHbix
n pacnpeflenmenbHbix ipy6ax, npoBounpya saKynopusaHne, HapaciaHne
flasneHMfl n Kopposmo. Bo Ms6e>KaHMe ainx npo6neM flo6biibii/i ras o6bNHO
nponycKaioT nepes ocyujmenb, rfle OH KOHiaKTHpyei c a6cop6eHTOM, TaKMM
K3K TpnaTuneHmnKonb (T3I~), fluaTuneHmnKonb (fl3l~) nnn
nponnneHKap6oHaT. B cawioM pacnpocTpaneHHOM cnynae, npn muKonesoi/i
ocyiiJKe, T3F nornomaei sofly Bwiecie c MeiaHOM, J1OC n OA3.
riornomeHHafl sofla n yrnesoflopoflbi saieivi BbinapusaioTCfl B flecop6epe n
Bbi6pacbisaK)TCfl B aiMoccpepy. (CM. oiHei: "Optimize glycol cumulation and
install flash tank separators in glycol dehydrators" /"OnmuMU3au,u?i
u,upKyfwu,uu enuKonfi u npuMeneHue cenapamopoe-pacujupumeneu npu
snuKoneeou de8udpamau,uu").
riapiHepbi Natural Gas STAR coo6maK)T 06 ycneujHOM npmvieHeHMM
anbiepHaTMBHoro Meiofla ocyujKM rasa - cuKKaiMSHbiMM ocyujmermMM. B
T3KMX yciaHOBKax ocyiiJKM ncnojibsyioTCfl rurpocKonnHHbie conn Ana
yflaneHMfl soflbi us rasa, flpn aioivi He nponcxoflm 6onbujnx Bbi6pocos
Meiana, J1OC n OA3.
CUKKaTMBbl
, Kanna,
rurpocKonnHHbie conn, TaKMe KaKxnopuflbi
ncnonbsyioTCfl B Hecpierasosoi/i oipacnn arm
necpienpoflyKTOB yxe 6onee 70 nei. 3™ conn npnTflrnsaioT n BnnibisaioT
sofly, nocieneHHO npespamaacb B nacbimeHHbii/i conesoi/i pacisop.
KonnnecTBO snarn, nomomaewioi/i us yrnesoflopoflHoro rasa, sasucm OT
inna cuKKaiMsa, a TaioKe OT flasneHMfl n Tewinepaiypbi rasa. Xnopufl
Kanbunfl, Han6onee ncnonbsyeivibii/i n fleujesbii/i cuKKains, ivioxei
o6ecneKHbii/i ras
ssepx nepes ocyiuaiomm/i cnoi/i. flpn conpuKOCHOseHnn c rpaHynawin
CMKKaiMB nornoujaeT soflflHoi/i nap us rasa. Flo wiepe nornomeHna
CMKK3TMB CT3HOBMTCfl >KMflKMM M CT6K3eT B OTCTOMHMK H3 flH6 6MKOCTM. Flo
wiepe o6p33OB3HMfl HscbimeHHoro psciBops CMKKaTMB nocieneHHO y6bisaeT.
PaciBop, H3K3nnnB3K)mm/icfl B oicToi/iHMKe, nepnoflnnecKM OTBOflmca B
H3KonmenbHbii/i pesepsysp nnn (ecnn ecib sosivioxHOCTb) B ncnapmenb.
rionyHeHHbie sofla n pacisop Moryi saKaHUBaibca B rny6oKne CKsaxuHbi Ha
wiecTe nn6o nepnoflnnecKM BbisosmbCfl flna saxoponennfl B flpyrux wieciax.
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PMC. 1: Cxeivia pesepeyapa ciiKKaTHBHoro ocymvnena
HanOJlHMTejlbHblM
JIKJK (C p63b6OBOM
npo6Koii)
MoHTa>KHaa nerna
Cnoii KepaMMHecKMX wapMKOB
CeiKa
OiBepcTMe una
aBapMMHoro Knanana
c6poca
npo6Ka
MCTOHHMK: Van Air
l~lpn flociaTOHHOi/i TonmuHe ocywaiomero cnoa coflepxaHne snarn B rase n
B cuKKaiMse flocTuraei pasHOBecufl flo Toro, K3K ras flocTurHei sepxa
ocyiuaiomero cnoa.
Cnoi/i conn Bbiiue yposHfl, flociaTOHHoro flna flocinxeHUfl pasHOBecHoro
coflepxaHMfl snarn, Hasbisaeicfl "pa6oHmvi cnoewi conn". 8101 pa6oHm/i
Maiepnan nepnoflUHecKM nononHfleica. Bo Ms6e>KaHMe npeKpameHna
npouecca flo6bNM nnn nonaflaHna sna>KHoro rasa B TpaHcnopiHbii/i
Tpy6onposofl B npouecce nononHeHna pa6oHero cnoa, 6onbiiJMHCTBO
yciaHOBOK nivieioT no flsa ocyujmenfl: noKa oflMH pa6oiaeT, flpyroi/i
conbK).
samnibi Tpy6onposoflOB nponsBOflmenn ocyiuaioT ras flo Hy>KHbix
napawieipoB npn Tewinepaiype Huxe oxuflaeivioro MMHMMyivia B
Tpy6onposofle. Ecnn ras He ocywmb Haflnexammvi o6pasoM, sofla n flpyrne
>KMflKoc™ wioryi KOHfleHcuposaTbCfl no wiepe oxna>KfleHMfl rasa, HTO
npuBOflni K saKynopKe ipy6 n Kopposnn. Mio6bi ns6e>KaTb aioro,
nponsBOflmenn, K3K npasuno, ocyiuaioT ras flo SHaneHMi/i snaxHoc™,
cooTBeicTByiomMX cneuMcpMKauuM Tpy6onposofla, OT 4 flo 7 cpyHios Ha
MJIH. cpyi.3 (64 - 112 Kr/MJiH. M3). Kpusbie acpcpeKTHBHOc™ cuKKainsa
noKasbisaioT cooiHoiueHMfl Tewinepaiypbi n flasneHMfl, npn Koiopbix
sna>KHOCTb rasa 6yflei cooiBeTCTBOBaib ciaHflapiaivi snaxHoc™
ipy6onpoBOfla. Ha puc. 2, c ncnonbsoBaHneivi flannbix Ta6nnubi coflepxaHna
snarn us flpunoxeHMfl A, npeflCTasneHbi KOM6nHauMM Tewinepaiypbi n
snaxHOCTM, npn Koiopbix sna>KHOCTb rasa cociaBMT 7 cpyHTOB Ha MJIH. cpyi.3
(112 Kr/MJiH. M3) npn McnonbsoBaHMM flsyx Han6onee nonynapHbix
. SaujipuxosaHHafl o6nacib Bbiiue Kpusoi/i Hacbimenna Ha puc. 2
"6esonacHbie napaivieipbi aKcnnyaiauuM" xnopuflno-
ocyujmenfl, npn Koiopbix snanenne BnaxHocin rasa 6yflei
pasHO MJIM wieHbiue SHaneHMfl, npeflycMoipeHHoro ciaHflapTOM.
ncnonbsyioT ain Kpusbie Ana onpefleneHna MMHMivianbHoro
rasa, Heo6xoflmvioro flna o6ecneKHOi/i snaxHoc™. B
cnynae noflasaeivibii/i B xnopuflHO-KanbuneBbii/i ocyujmenb ras npn
Tewinepaiype 47°F (8,33°C) flonxeH 6biib cxai no wieHbiuei/i wiepe flo 450
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cpyHTOB Ha KB. flhoi/iM (3,1 Mfla),
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SKOHOMMHeCKMe
n 3Kono
Bbiroflbi
McnojibsoBaHMe cuKKainsHbix ocyujmenei/i BMecTO muKonesbix
cymecTBeHHbie aKOHOMnnecKne n aKonornnecKne Bbiroflbi,
YMeHbLueHne KannraribMbix BJioweHMM. CiomviocTb KanmanbHbix
saipai Ha cuKKainsHbii/i ocyujmenb Huxe, neivi Ha rnnKoneBbii/i. B
CMKKaTMBHOM OCyUJMTene H6 HCnOJIbSyiOTCfl npOMblBOHHbM H3COC,
nneBMaTMHecKoe ynpasneHne, rasosbii/i Harpesaienb
pe6oi/mep/pereHepaTop c roperiKoi/i.
* CHM>KeHMe CTOMMOCTM 3KcruiyaTaLjMM n o6cny>KMBaHM5q.
ocyujmenb noTpe6naeT SHanmenbHoe KonnnecTBO flo6biioro rasa B
KanecTse Tonnnsa Ana rasosoro HarpesaTerm n muKonesoro
perenepaiopa. Ecnn Knanan cnnsa pacisopa aBTOMaiMHecKMi/i, TO
eflMHCTseHHbie saipaibi Ha TexHMHecKoe o6cny>KMBaHMe cuKKaiMBHoro
ocyujmenfl BKnionaioT nononneHne pa6oHero cnoa.
* MuHMManbHyio SMMCCMK) Merana, HOC n OA3. HnnKoneBbie
ocyujmenn nocioaHHO Bbi6pacbisaK)T ras B aiMoccpepy nepea
ycipoi/icTBa nneBMaTMHecKoro ynpasneHMfl n nepes seHTunflUMK)
pereHepaiopa. 3Mnccnfl us cuKKaiMBHoro ocyujmenfl nponcxoflm
TonbKO BO speivm CHflina flasneHMfl B pesepsyape arm nononHeHna
cuKKaiMsa, o6bNHO oflMH o6teM pesepsyapa B Heflenio. Pacisop
npoflyunpyeica B He6onbujnx KonnnecTBax n nornomaei wiano
yrnesoflopoflOB.
flapiHepbi Moryi
uenecoo6pa3HOCTb n
3KOHOMMHeCKm/i 3CpCpeKT
saivieHbi muKonesoi/i
OCyilJKM H3 CMKKaTMBHyK) B
nocneflOBaienbHOCTM.
3ran 1: Bbi6op
FlflJb 3TanOB OLjeHKM
u.enecoo6pa3HOCTM
CMKKaTMBHoro ocyw MTeroi:
1. BbiSop yciaHOBOK, flna KOTOPNX saivieHa
i4enecoo6pa3Ha
2. OnpefleneHi/ie MOLUHOCTM ocyujmena
3. Oi48HKa KanmanbHbix n onepai4MOHHbix saipai
KOTOpblX 3aM6Ha 4. Ol48HKa 3KOHOMMM
u,ejiecoo6pa3Ha. „
CuKKaiMSHbie ocyujMTenn
3KOHOMMHeCKM BblTOflHbl
npn onpefleneHHbix ycnosnax aKcnnyaiaunn. l_|enecoo6pasHOCTb
npnivieHeHMfl onpeflenaeicfl B nepsyio onepeflb o6teMOM flo6biBaeivioro
rasa, era TewinepaTypoi/i n flasneHneivi. CuKKainsHbie ocyujmenn Han6onee
acpcpeKTMBHbi, ecjin o6teM ocyujaeivioro rasa He npesbiiuaeT 5 MJIH. cpyi.3
(140 Tbic. M3) B cyiKM. OHM ocyiuaioT ras flo ny>KHbix napawieipoB npn HMSKOM
Tewinepaiype n BbicoKOM flasneHnn. Ecnn Tewinepaiypa noflasaeivioro rasa
CnHUJKOM BblCOKa, CMKK3TMB MOXBT o6pa3OBblBaib TUflpOKCMflbl, KOTOpbie
BbinaflaioT B ocaflOK, Bbisbisaa cneKanne n npo6neMbi co CJIMBOM pacisopa.
B 3TOM cnynae, HTo6bi McnonbsosaTb cuKKainsHbii/i ocyujmenb, MO>KHO
ociyflMTb M OKaib noflasaeivibii/i ras, HO TaKMe wiepbi ycno>KHflK)T cucieiviy n
o6bNHO CnHUJKOM ,
HanpoiMB, flnfl 6onee nponsBOflmenbHbix CKsaxnn nyHiue
rnnKonesbie ocyujmenn, K Towiy xe OHM nyHiue pa6oiaK)T npn BHCOKHX
Tewinepaiypax npn nK)6oM flasneHMM. OflnaKO, ecnn Tewinepaiypa
noflasaeivioro rasa CJIMLUKOM nnsKa flna muKonesoro npouecca, onepaiop
Syflei Bbiny>KfleH narpesaib ras nepefl noflanei/i na ocyujKy. flocKonbKy
Harpesanne rasa noipe6yeT flononnmenbHoe OKuraHne rasa, Ha TaKMX
CKsa>KMHax Moxei paccMaipMBaTbca ycianoBKa cuKKaiMBHbix ocyujmenei/i.
PMC. 3 minfocTpupyeT, npn KBKMX ycnosnax KaKne ocyujmenn pa6oiaK)T
nyHiue.
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PMC. 3: OnTMMa/ibHbie pa6onne yc/ioBun f\na pastibix MGTOAOB
OCyiUKM
HusKi/ie TSMnepaiypbi
<70°F(<21,1°C)
BbicoKne TSMnepaiypbi
>70°F(>21,1°C)
HMSKOG flaBJieHMe
<100 CfcyHTOB H3 flK)MM2
(0,7 Mfla)
CM KK3TM B/m M KOJl b 1
fjlMKOJlb
BbicoKoe flaBJieHMe
>100 CfcyHTOB H3flK)MM2
(0,7 Mfla)
CuKKaiMB
rnMKOJlb/CMKKaTMBl
1 BOSMOKHO, noipeSyeica Harpee rasa, HioSbi ncnojibSOBaib muKoneBbii/i ocyiiimenb, MJIM
noBbnuem/ie flaaneHi/ie rasa, HioSbi ncnojibsOBaib cuKKaiMBMbii/i.
2 BOSMOKHO, noipeSyeica oxna>KfleHMe rasa, HioSbi ncnojibSOBaib cuKKaiMBHyio ocyiuKy.
3Tan 2: OnpeAeneHne MOLMHOCTM ocyujMTensq. Mio6bi
Tpe6yeMbii/i pasiviep cuKKaiMBHoro ocyujmenfl, HY>KHO SHaib snaxHocib rasa
Ha sxofle n Ha Bbixofle. 3io Heo6xoflmvio, HTo6bi BbNucnmb nyxnoe
cuKKainsa, a saieivi n pasiviep ocyujmerm. flna
soflbi B rase nponsBOflmenn ncnonbsyioT rpacpMKM
napa B npupoflHOM rase (CM. flpunoKeHne B), Ta6nni4bi
snarn nnn cneunanbHbie nporpawiMbi, TaKMe, K3K Hanover
Company's Quick Size, Koiopbie MO>KHO Hai/i™ Ha cai/lie www.hanover-
co.com/home/products/index.html. flpeflnonoxnivi, Mbi paccHMTbisaeivi
ocyujmenb flna nepepa6oiKM 1 MJIH. cpyi.VcyT. (28 Tbic. M3/cyi.) rasa npn
Tewinepaiype 47°F (8,33°C) n flasneHnn 450 cpyHios na KB. flioi/iM
(3,1 Mria). flna flaHHoro cueHapua, Mcnonbsya pasHbie wieioflbi pacneia,
nonyHMM oflMH n TOT we pesynbraT: HOTOK npupoflHoro rasa coflep>KMT
21 cpyHT soflbi Ha M.TIH. cpyT.3 (336 Kr/winH. M3).
MT06bl C06J1K)CTM CT3HflapT BJia>KHOCTM
B Tpy6onpoBOfle 7 cpynTos na
MJ1H. CpyT.3 (112 Kr/MJIH. M3), Hy>KHO,
CMKK3TMB yflanHJI 14 CpyHTOB BOflbl H3
MJIH. cpyT.3 rasa (224 KJ/MJIH. M3). flna
OflHa nacib cuKKaiMBa yflanaei us
rasa 3 nac™ anam.
1 MJIH. cpyT.VcyT. (28 Tbic. M3/cyT), ncnonbsyfl npaBMno npoMSBOflMTena o
TOM, HTO oflna nacTb CMKKaTMsa yflajifleT MS rasa 3 nacTM snarn, nonynaeM
pacxofl xnopufla Kanbuna 4,7 cpyHTa (2,13 KJ) B flenb. PMC. 4 unrnocTpupyeT
iuar - onpeflenenne pasMepa ocyujMTena.
pesepsyapbi cuKKaTHBHbix ocyujMTenei/i CTaHflapTHbix
pasMepos, KOTOpbie o6bNHO pasnunaioTCfl no BHeujHeMy fluaMeTpy M
nponycKHOi/i cnoco6HOCTM, K3K noKassHO Ha puc. 6.
PasMepbi pa6oHero cnoa paccHMTbisaioTCfl flrm flocTuxennfl pasHosecHoro
coflepxannfl snarn. Y flannoro nponssoflHTenfl rny6nHa pa6oHero cnoa
pasha 5 flioi/iMaM (12,7 CM).
flapTHepbi MoryT Bbi6paTb pasMep pesepsyapa us Ta6nni4
MJIM paccHMTaTb era, ncnonbsyfl flaHHbie puc. 5. flna BbiujenpusefleHHoro
npuMepa c ocyujMTeneM MomnocTbio 1 MJIH. cpyT.VcyT. (28 Tbic. M3/cyT.),
Mcnonbsyfl flaHHbie puc. 5, nonynaeM pesepsyap c BHyTpeHHMM fluaMeTpoM
16,2 flioi/iMOB (41,2 CM), Hapy>KHbiM - OKOJIO 17 flioi/iMOB (43,2 CM) c
TonmnHoi/i CT6HKM OKOJio 3/8 flioi/JMa (1 CM). Ha puc. 6, B KonoHKe 450
cpyHTOB na KB. flKMM (3,1 Mfla), Bbi6epeM snaneHMfl, pasnbie nnn 6onbLune
ny>KHbix; B HaweM cnynae 1,344 MJIH. cpyT.VcyT. (37,632 Tbic. M3/cyT.).
flpocneflMB 3Ty CTpoKy Bneso, nonynaeM BneujHui/i fluaMeTp 20
(50,8 CM).
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PMC. 4: OnpefleneHne flHGBHoro pacxofla ciiKKaTiiea
Ffle:
D
F
1
O
B
= flneBHOM pacxofl cuKKaiMBa, dpy
= floTOK rasa, MJIH. <$yj.3/cyj.
= Co,qep>KaHMe BOflbi na BXOfle, c}DyHTOB/MnH. dpyj.3
= Coflep>KaHMe BOflbi na Bbixofle,
= CooTHOiueHMe cuKKaiMB - Bqqa,
cf)yHTOB/M.nH. dpyj.3
CfDyHTOB CMKKaTMBa/CfDyHTOB BOflbl
flano:
F
1
O
B
= 1 MJIH. dpyj.3/cyj.
= 21 c}DyHT/MnH. dpyj.3
= 7 c}DyHT/MnH. dpyj.3 (ipeBoBaHne
K coflep>KaHMK) anarn B ipyBonpOBOfle)
= 1 <$ynj CMKKaiMBa/3 cfDyHia BOflbi (npaBuno nponsBOflmensq)
BbiHucnaeM:
D
= F * (I-O) * B
= 1 * (21-7)* 1/3
= 4,7 <$yHTOB (2,1 Kl~) CMKKaiMBa B
fl6Hb
PMC. 5: Onpefle/ieHiie pasiviepa ciiKKaTHBHoro
ID = BHyipeHHMM fluaMeip pesepsyapa,
D = flneBHOM pacxofl cuKKaiMBa, <$yHTOB/cyT.
H = Bbicoia paBonero cnon conn, AIOMMOB
T = BpeMfl flo cneflytomero HanonHeHna, cyr.
B = FlnOTHOCTb,
flano:
D = 4,7 <£yHTOB/cyT. (puc. 4)
H =5 fliOMMOB (npaBuno
T =7 flH6M (BbiBop onepaiopa)
B =55 cfDyHTOB/cfDyT.3 (flaHHbie
4*D*T*12
ID =12'» H*n*B
4*4,7*7*12
= 16,2 fllOMMOB (0,4 M)
BbiBpaib ciaHflapTHbiM pasiwep pesepsyapa us Ta6nnL4bi puc. 6:
• BbiBepme 6nn>KaMiuMM pasMep BonbiuMM, HSM ID =20 AIOMMOB (0,5 M)
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PMC. 6: CTOMMOCTb M MaKCMMa/ibHan npoMaeoflMTe/ibHocTb
(Tbic. cpyr.3 (Tbic. M3)/cyr.) CMKKaTMBHbix ocywMTe/ieM
BHGIU-
HMM
flua-
Merp,
flK) PI-
MOB, M
10 (0,2)
12 (0,3)
16 (0,4)
20 (0,5)
24 (0,6)
30 (0,8)
36 (0,9)
CTOM-
MOCTb12,
$
2850
3775
5865
6500
8895
12850
17034
100
TOB H3
KB.
flIOMM
(0,7
Mfla)
95 (2,7)
132
(3,7)
214 (6)
311
(8,8)
481
(13,6)
760
(21,5)
1 196
(33,8)
200
OB H3
KB.
flIOMM
(1,4
Mfla)
177(5)
247 (7)
400
(11,3)
620
(17,5)
900
(25,5)
1422
(40,3)
2230
(63,1)
300
OB H3
KB.
flIOMM
(2,1
Mfla)
260
(7,4)
362
(10,2)
587
(16,6)
909
(25,7)
1 319
(37,3)
2085
(59)
3270
(92,6)
350
OB H3
KB.
flIOMM
(2,4
Mfla)
301
(8,5)
419
(11,8)
680
(19,2)
1 054
(29,8)
1 528
(43,3)
2416
(68,4)
3789
(107,3)
400
OB H3
KB.
flIOMM
(2,8
Mfla)
342
(9,7)
476
(13,5)
773
(21,8)
1 199
(34)
1 738
(49,2)
2747
(77,8)
4308
(122)
450
OB H3
KB.
flIOMM
(3,1
Mfla)
383
(10,8)
533
(15,1)
866
(24,5)
1 344
(38)
1 948
(55,1)
3078
(87,1)
4827
(136,7)
500
OB H3
KB.
flIOMM
(3,4
Mfla)
424
(12)
590
(16,7)
959
(27,1)
1 489
(42,1)
2158
(61,1)
3409
(96,5)
5346
(151,4)
1 CTOMMOCTb Ana ypOBHSM flaaneHMa flo 500 qbynTOB Ha KB. fliOMM (3,4 Mfla), BKnKwaa
oflMH pesepsyap c onopaMM, Knananbi, TpySu M nanajibHoe HanonHSHMe rpanynaMM
2 CTOMMOCTb ocyuiMTena, BKnKwaa pesepsyap, onopbi, KnanaHbi M TpySbi.
MCTOHHMK: Van Air
3Tan 3: OueHxa xanMTa/ibHbix M onepauMOHHbix saTpaT. KanmanbHbie
saipaibi Ha cuKKainsHbii/i ocyujmenb c oflHMM pesepsyapoM, nponycKHOi/i
cnoco6HocibK) OT 0,1 flo 5 MJ-IH. cpyi.3 (OT 32 800 flo 140 000 Tbic. M3) B
cyiKM (sKJUOHaa HananbHoe HanonHeHne CMKKaTMBOM), Kone6riK)TCfl OT
$3 000 flo $17 000. Korfla Heo6xoflmviafl sennHMHa pesepsyapa onpefleneHa
(3ian 2), napiHepbi wioryi McnoribsosaTb Ta6nm4y puc. 6, HTo6bi
onpeflenmb KanmanbHbie saipaibi na cuKKainsHbii/i ocyujmenb.
npmviepa us 3iana 2 KanmanbHbie saipaibi na
ocyujmenb c OflHMM pesepsyapoM cociasflT $6 500. Saipaibi na ocyujmenb
c flsyivifl pesepsyapaiviM cociasflT $13 000.
CiomviocTb MOHTaxa o6bNHO sapbupyeTCfl OT 50% flo 75% CTOMMOCTM
o6opyflosaHMfl. Mcxoflfl us 75% CTOMMOCTM o6opyflosaHMfl, MOHTax
onMcaHHoro Bbiiue CMKKaTMBHoro ocyujMTena c O^HMM pesepsyapoM
o6oMfleTCfl B $4 875. MoHTax ocyujMTenfl c flsyMfl pesepsyapaMM 6yfleT
CTOMTb $9 750.
Pacxoflbi Ha 3KcnnyaTai4MK> CMKKaTMBHoro ocyujMTena BKnionaioT B ce6a
CTOMMOCTb saMBHbi CMKKaTMsa M yflaneHMe pacTsopa. FlocKonbKy rpanynbi
CMKKaTMBa pacTBOpflioTCfl no Mepe nornouj.eHMfl snsrM MS rasa, pa6oHMM
cnoi/i conM ny>KHO nepMOflMHecKM nononHflTb. nonyHaK)uj.MMCfl pacTsop
6biTb yqanen, nepepa6oT3H MnM saxoponeH.
PMC. 7 MnniocTpMpyeT noflcneT CTOMMOCTM 3Kcnny3T3UMM ocyujMTena
MOUJ.HOCTbK) 1 MnH. CpyT.3 (28 TbIC. M3). B 33BMCMMOCTM OT npOMSBOflMTenfl,
CTOMMOCTb xnopMfla KanbUMfl MOXST Kone6aTbca OT $0,65 flo $1,20 sa cpyHT
($1,43 flO $2,65 33 Kf). FlpMHflB CTOMMOCTb XnopMfla K3nbUMfl 33 $1,20,
nonyHMM MTorosyK) CTOMMOCTb exeflHesHbix ssrpysoK no 4,7 cpyHT3 (2,13 Kr)
(MS T36nMUbi PMC. 4) $2 059. B npMMepe, npMsefleHHOM H3 PMC. 4, B
npouecce yflsneHMfl soflbi MS rasa flo yposHfl, npeflycMOTpeHHoro
-------
(i.e. 7 cpyHTOB/MnH. cpyi.3 (112 KT/MJIH. M3)), o6pasyeTCfl cosceivi
HewiHoro paciBopa: 4,7 cpyma (2,13 Kr) conn nmoc 14 cpymoB (6,35 Kr)
soflbi, yflaneHHOi/i us rasa. Micro 18,7 cpymoB (8,48 Kr) pacisopa B
HewiHormvi 6onbiue 2 rannoHos (7,5 nmpoB) B
PMC. 7: OnpefleneHne CTOMMOCTM 3KcrmyaTaMMM
ocywMTerm
TO = OBmaa cionMOCTb 3KcnnyaTaL4MM, $/rofl
CD = ClOMMOCTb CMKKaiMBa, $/TOfl
CB = CionMOCTb saxopOHeHMH paciBOpa, $/nofl
I = Co,qep>KaHMe eoflbi na exofle, c}DyHTOB/MnH.
O = Coflep>KaHMe eoflbi Ha Bbixofle, c}DyHTOB/MnH.
F = floTOK rasa, MJIH. 4DyT.3/cyr.
P = l\ena cuKKaiMBa, $ sa dpym
D = flneBHOM pacxofl cuKKaiMBa, c}DyHTOB/cyT.
S = FlnoTHOCTb paciBOpa CaCI2, c}DyHTOB/5appenb
BD = CionMOCTb saxopOHeHna paciBOpa, $/5appenb
LC = CionMOCTb paSoi, $
LT = TpyqosaipaTbi onepaiopa na sarpysKy cuKKaiMBa, nac.
LR = Sapnnaia onepaiopa, $/nac.
flano:
F = 1 MJIH. <£yr.3/cyr. rasa npn 8,33°C (47°F) n 450 dpymax HS KB. AKWM
P = $1,20 sa dpym xnopufla
D = 4,7 <$yHTOB CMKK3TMB3 B fl6Hb (pMC. 4)
S = 490 cfDyHTOB/Bsppenb
BD =$1,00/53ppenb1
LT = 1 H3C B
LR = $30 B H3C
CD = D*P*365 flH6M/rofl
= 4,7*1,2*365
= $2 059/nofl
[((I-O)*F)+D]*BD
CB
S
[((21 -7)*1)+4,7 ]*1,0*365
490
= 14 $/rofl
LC = LT *LR *52
= 1*30*52
= $1 560/nofl
TO = CD+CB+LC
= $2 059+$14+$1 560
= $3 633/nofl
1 GRI Atlas of Gas-Related Produced Water for 1990, Maf\ 1 995 r.
-------
3Tan 4: OueHxa SKOHOMMM. Sawiena rnnKoneBoro ocyujmenfl
flaei SHaHmejibHyK) aKOHOMMK) rasa n CHMxaei saipaibi Ha aKcnnyaiaumo n
o6cny>KMBaHMe.
OnpeAeneHne HMCTOM
3KOHOMMM rasa
O6teM
rasa MO>KHO
nyieivi
3MMCCMM n saipai rasa B
Onpefle/ieHiie HMCTOM SKOHOMMM rasa
CyMMnpoeaTb 3KOHOMMK) oi npeflOTBpaineHMa:
rasa us muKoneBoro ocyujmena.
rasa us ycipoi/icTB
muKonesoM ocyujmene c
yieHKOi/i rasa npn
CMKKaTMBHOI/i OCyilJKe.
flapiHepbi Moryi
onpeflenmb
rasa, npuHas BO
• C>KnraHna rasa B muKoneBOM pereHepaiope.
• C>KnraHna rasa B rasosoM HarpeBaiene.
BbinecTb:
rasa npn cuKKaiMBHOi/i ocyniKe.
cpaKiopoB.
* OueHxa yre«HKM rasa npn cuKKarnBHOM ocyujKe. O6teM yieHKM rasa us
rnnKoneBoro flecop6epa/pereHepaiopa pasen o6teiviy rasa,
nornomeHHOMy T3F. Mio6bi onpeflenmb 310, napiHepaivi noHaflo6mcfl
SHaib noioK rasa, coflepxaHne soflbi Ha sxofle n Bbixofle, oiHoiueHMe
, npoueni peuMpKyrmuMM n yposeHb nornomeHna wieiaHa.
PMC. 8: YjeHKa rasa MS mMKo/ieeoro
GV
F
W
R
OC
G
o6teM yrenKH rasa, TBIC. <$yj.3/rop,
rioiOK rasa, MJIH. 4Dyr.3/fleHb
Coflep>KaHMe eoflbi na exofle/Bbixofle, c}DyHTOB/MnH.
CooTHOiueHMe rnnKonb - BOfla,
= ypoeeHb
Meiana, c}DyT.3/rannoH1
flano:
F =1 MJIH. dpyr.3/cyr. rasa npn 47°F n 450 cfDyHiax Ha KB.
W = 21 - 7 = 14 CfDyHTOB BOflbl/MJIH. (jpyj.3 (PMC. 4)
R =3 rannoHa/cfDyHT (npaBuno nponsBOflmensq)
G =3 4}yT.3/rannoH B TennooBMeHHbix nacocax (npaBuno nponsBOflMTensq)1
OC =150%
GV
_ (F*W*R*OC*G*365flH6M/rofl)
1 000 c}DyT.3/Tbic. dpyj.3
_ (1*14*3*1,5*3*365)
1 000
= 69 Tbic. c}DyT.3/rofl (2 Tbic. M3/rofl)
1 I/Is oiHeia: "OnmuMusanufi u,upKynau,uu anuKorm u npuMenenue cenapamopoe-
paciuupumeneu npu anuKoneeou deBudpatnau^ju".
10
-------
PMC. 8 fleMOHCipupyei BbNMcneHMfl Ha npmviepe ocyujmenfl MoujHOCTbio
1 MJIH. cpyi.3 (28 Tbic. M3). B flaHHOM npmviepe noflpasywiesaeTCfl
McnonbsosaHMe Tennoo6ivieHHoro Hacoca 6es BMKOCTM KOHiaKTHoro
flerasMposaHMfl. Mcnonbsya npasuna npoMssoflMTerm MS oiHeia
"OnTMMMsau.Mfl u.MpKyj-mu.MM mMKorm M ycTanosKa BMKOCTM KOHiaKTHoro
flerasMposaHMfl B muKonesbix BnarooTflenmenflx", nonynaeivi SMMCCMK)
wieiaHa 69 Tbic. cpyi.3 (1,93 Tbic. M3) B rofl.
* OueHKa yre«HKM rasa vis ycrpoMCTB nHeBMaTunecKoro ynpaeneHnsq.
Ycipoi/icTBa nHeBMaiMHecKoro ynpasneHMfl tunpoKO ncnonbsyioTCfl Arm
oicne>KMBaHMfl M perynnposKM HOTOKOB rasa M xnflKocin, Tewinepaiypbi M
flasneHMfl B rnnKonesbix ocyujmenflx. B HaciHOCTM, ycipoi/icTBa
perynnpyioT HOTOKM xnflKocin M rasa B ocyujmermx M cenapaiopax,
Tewinepaiypy B pereHepaiopax ocyujmenfl M flasneHne B ewiKociflx
flerasuposaHMfl (ecnn TaKOBbie ncnonbsyioTCfl). B flaHHOM npmviepe
npeflnonaraeicfl, HTO B yciaHOBKe rnnKonesoro ocyujmenfl c
rasoHarpesaTeneivi ecib yieHKM B neibipex nHesMaiMHecKnx
KOHiponnepax: Kompojinepax yposHfl Ha KOHiaKiope M pe6oi/inepe M
KOHiponnepax Tewinepaiypbi na pe6oi/inepe M rasoHarpesaTene.
CenapaTopoB-pacujupmenei/i HBT. TaioKe npeflnonaraeicfl, HTO yieHKM BO
scex nHesMaiMHecKnx ycipoi/icTBax 6onbLune (i.e. B npouecce
aKcnnyaiauuM OHM nponycKaioT 6onee 50 Tbic. cpyi.3 (1,4 Tbic. M3) rasa B
rofl). Mcxoflfl us flaHHbix oineia GRI/EPA "Methane Emissions From the
Natural Gas lndustry",Volume 12 - Pneumatic Devices, cpeflHeroflosaa
yieHKa wieiana MS cpeflnero nHesMaiMHecKoro ycipoMCTsa
B 126 Tbic. cpyi.3 (3,53 Tbic. M3) B rofl. CneflOBaienbHO, neibipe
nHesMaTMHecKMX ycipoMCTsa flaflyi 504 Tbic. cpyi.3 (14,11 Tbic. M3)
3MMCCMM ivieiaHa B rofl. PMC. 9 MnniocTpMpyeT npMMep.
PMC. 9: YjeHKa rasa 113 ycTpoiicTB nHGBMaTMHecKoro
GB = VienKa rasa, TBIC. dpyj.3/rop,
EF = OaKiop 3MMCCMM, Tbic. <$yT.3 yieHKM rasa/nHeBM. ycipOMCTBO B
PD = KonnnecTBO nneBMaTMHecKnx ycipOMCTB
flano:
EF =126 Tbic. <£yT.3/ycTpOMCTBO/ro,q
PD =4 nneBMaTMHecKnx ycipOMCTBa/rnnKoneBbiM ocyiiimenb
GB = EF*PD
= 126*4
= 504 Tbic. <$yT.3/ro,q (14,3 Tbic. M3/rofl)
1 OTHST GRI/EPA "Methane Emissions From the Natural Gas Industry", Volume 12
OueHxa KonnnecTBa rasa, co»OKeHHoro B rnnKoneeoM pereHeparope.
B mMKonesoM ocyujMTene npMpoflHbiM ras McnonbsyeTca flna
BbinapMsaHMfl soflbi MS mMKona B pereHepaTope/pe6oMnepe. flpMHas,
HTO pe6oMnep noTpe6naeT Tenna 1 124 Btu Ha rannon (74,2 KKan/n) T3F,
nonynaeivi pacxofl rasa pe6oMnepoM 17 Tbic. cpyT.3 (0,48 Tbic. M3) B rofl.
PMC. 10 MnniocTpMpyeT
11
-------
PMC. 10: fas, coxoxeHHbiM B rnnKoneBOM pe6oPinepe
FOR
F
W
Qr
Hv
R
fas, co>K>KeHHbiM B peBoMJiepe, TBIC. <$yj.3/rop,
floTOK rasa, MJIH. dpyr.3/cyr.
Co,qep>KaHMe eoflbi Ha Bxo,qe/Bbixo,qe, dpyHTOB/MJiH. dpyr.3
floTpeBneHne Tenna peBownepOM, Btu Ha ran/ion TOP
TennooTflana npupoflHoro rasa2, Btu/ciaHfl. dpyi3
CooTHOiueHMe rnnKonb - BOfla, rannoH T3I7 dpyHT
flano:
F = 1 MJIH. dpyr.3/cyr.
W = 21 - 7 = 14 dDyHTOB BOflbl/MflH.
Qr = 1 124 Btu/rannoH T3F
Hv = 1 027 Btu/ciaHfl. cfDyr3
R =3 rannoHa TOf/cfiyHT yqaneHHOM
FGR
(F*W*Qr*R*365
Hv*1 000 ioKeHHoro npn o6orpese 1 MJIH. cpyi.3 (28 Tbic. M3) flo6biioro rasa
B cyiKM, c 47°F (8,33°C) flo npeflnonaraeivibix 90T (32°C), cocTasm
483 Tbic. cpyT.3 (13,5 Tbic. M3) B rqq. PMC. 11 unrnocTpupyeT
yre«HKM rasa us cuKKarnBHoro ocyujMTensq. YTeHKa rasa us
CMKKaTMBHoro ocyujMTenfl onpeflenaeTca BbNucneHneivi o6teivia rasa,
BbinycKaewioro Ka>Kflbii/i pas us pesepsyapa npn CHflTnn flasneHMfl B
npouecce HanonHeHna. MTo6bi onpeflennTb o6teM BbinymeHHoro rasa,
napTHepawi Hy>KHO snaTb o6teM pesepsyapa v\ flonio 3Toro o6teivia,
saHnwiaeiviyK) rasoM. Pesepsyap (puc. 6) c BHeujHMM fluaivieTpoM 20
flioi/iMOB (50,8 CM) nivieeT BHyTpemnm/i fluaivieTp npniviepHO 19,25
(49 M) (npn TonmuHe CTSHKH 3/8 flioi/iMa (0,95 CM)). Pesepsyap
cpeflHK)K) flnnHy 76,75 flioi/iMOB (195 CM), 45% era o6teMa sanormei-io
rasoM. B cooTBeTCTBMM c saKOHOM Boi/infl, o6teM rasa, BbinymeHHoro B
aTMOccpepy B npouecce CTpasnuBaHMfl flasneHMfl us pesepsyapa,
cocTasMT 10 Tbic. cpyT.3 (0,28 Tbic. M3) B rofl. PMC. 12
BbNMCJieHMfl.
12
-------
PMC. 11: O6~beivi rasa, coxoxeHHoro B rasoHarpeeaTe/ie
FGH = fas, co>K>KeHHbiM B rasoHarpeBaiene, TBIC. <$yj.3/rop,
Hv = TennooTflana npupoflhoro rasa, Btu/cfDyr.3
Cv = YqenbHasq TennooTflana npupoflhoro rasa, Btu/<$yHT °F
D = FlnoTHOCTb npupoflhoro rasa,
AT = (T2-T1) MSMeneHMe leMnepaiypbi, °F
F = floTOK rasa, MJIH. dpyr.3/cyr.
E = 3<£<£eKTMBHOCTb
flano:
Hv = 1,027 Btu/cfDyi.3
Cv = 0,441 Biu/dpym °F
D = 0,0502 yHTOB/yT.3
AT = 43 °F (90 - 47) °F
F = 1 MJIH. 4DyT.3/cyr.
E = 70%
BblHMCJlflGM:
(F*D*Cv*DT*365flH6M/rofl*1 OOOibic.
(Hv*E)
(1*0,0502*0,441*43*365*1 OOP)
(1 027*0,7)
= 483 Tbic. <£yT.3/ro,q (13,7 Tbic. M3/nofl)
HMCTOM 3KOHOMMM rasa. Muciaa aKOHOMna rasa
us cywiMbi npefloispameHHOi/i aMnccnn n MCTpaneHHoro B muKonesoM
ocyujmene rasa, sa MMHycoM rasa, BbinymeHHoro us cuKKaiMBHoro
ocyujmenfl B npouecce HanonHeHna cuKKainBOM. B flaHHOM npniviepe
Huciafl aKOHOMMfl rasa cociaBJifleT 1 063 Tbic. cpyi.3 (30 Tbic. M3) B rofl.
flpn u,ene Ha ras $3,00/Tbic. cpyi.3 ($106/Tbic. M3) ciomviocTb
caKOHOMneHHoro rasa cocTasm $3 189 B rofl. flpupoflMbii/i ras
90% wieiaHa. TaKMM o6pasoM, o6maa npefloiBpameHHaa
wieiaHa cocTasm 90% OT pasHocin o6teivia rasa,
rnnKoneBbiM ocyujmeneM v\ nHeBMaiMHecKHMH ycipoi/icTBaMM (puc. 8 M 9
cooTBeicTBeHHo), M BbinymeHHoro us cuKKaiMBHoro ocyujmenfl (puc. 12),
B flaHHOM cnynae 507 Tbic. cpyi.3(14,2 Tbic. M3) B rofl. PMC. 13
unrnocipupyeT
13
-------
PMC. 12: YjeHKa rasa MS CMKIOTMBHCTO ocywMTe/ifl
rfle:
GLD = VTeHKa rasa MS CMKKaTMBHoro ocyniMTensq, Tbic. Kfly sarpysKaMM, cyT.
flano:
H = 76,75 flIOMMOB (6,40 CfDyTOB)1
D = 1 9,25 fliOMMOB (1 ,6 cfryTOB)
P, = 14,7 psia
P2 = 450 psig + 14,7 (464,7 psig)
n =3,14
%G = 45% (npaBMno npOMSBCflMTe™)1
T =7 flH6M
BbiHMCJiaeM:
(H *D2*n*P2*%G*365flH6M/rofl)
^LD ' (4*P1*T*1 000$yT.3/Tbic. c
(6,4*1 ,62*3,14*464,7*0,45
(4*14,7*7*1 000)
= 10 Tbic. yi.3)
*365)
3/rofl)
PMC. 13:
3KOHOMMfl rasa
TGS = OBmaa SKOHOMna rasa (ibic. 4Dyr.3/rofl)
= puc. 8 + puc. 9 + PMC. 10 + PMC. 11 + PMC. 12
= 69 + 504 + 17+483-10
= 1 063 Tbic.
-------
3KOHOMMM F1O 3KCrUiyaTaLJMM M o6cJiy>KMBaHMK>
Heo6xoflMMO TaioKe yHMTbisaTb M3flep>KKM (TpyflosaTpaTbi), csasaHHbie c
pasHMU.eM B 3Kcn.nyaTau.MM M o6cny>KMBaHMM muKonesbix M cuKKainsHbix
ocyiuMTeneM.
B CTOMMOCTb 3Kcn.nyaTau.MM CMKKaTMBHoro ocyiiJMTerm sxoflflT ciomviocTb
HanonneHMfl CMKIOTMBOM, yqaneHMfl pacisopa M TpyflosaTpaTbi. flocKonbKy
CMKKaTMBHbiM ocyujMTenb He MM66T flBMwyujMxcfl HacTeM n He Hy>KflaeTCfl B
, ciomviocTb o6cny>KMBaHMfl HMHTO>KHO wiana. CioniviocTb
n yflaneHna pacisopa, yxe paccnmaHHafl B Ta6nni4e puc. 7,
$2 059 n $14 B rofl cooTBeicTBeHHO. Tpyflosaipaibi
npeflnonaraioT qqnH nac B Heflenio Ha HanonneHne cuKKaiMBHoro
ocyujmenfl. flpn $30 B nac 310 cocTasm OKOJIO $1 560 B rqq.
CionMOCTb 3KcnnyaTauMM rnnKoneBoro ocyujMTena BKnionaeT B ce6a
yposHfl muKona B SMKOCTM. O6cny>KMBaHMe n TpyflosaTpaTbi
nposepKy n nucTKy MexaHnnecKnx cucTeivi,
pewioHT Hacoca n nHesMaTunecKnx KOHTponnepoB n exeroflHyio
cpopcyHOK pe6oi/inepa n rasoHarpesaTenfl. CramviocTb muKona cocTasnaeT
$450 sa rannoH, era pacxofl o6bNHO - 0,1 rannoHa Ha MJIH. cpyT.3
(0,015 nuTpoB na Tbic. M3) nepepa6oTaHHoro rasa. B naiueivi cnynae
nonynnTCfl OKOJIO 37 rannonoB (140 nuTpos) muKona B rofl nnn $167 B rofl.
TpyflosaTpaTbi cocTasaT B cpeflneivi flsa naca B Heflenio na o6cny>KMBaHMe n
pewioHT o6opyflosaHMfl. Flo $30 B nac STO cocTasnT OKOJIO $3 120 B rofl.
CTOMMOCTb sannacTei/i oueHnsaeTca npuMepno B nonosuHy CTOMMOCTM
TpyflosaTpaT nnn $1 560 B rofl. TaKMM o6pasoM, o6mne saTpaTbi Ha
3KcnnyaTaunK), o6cny>KMBaHMe n pa6oKMBaHMfl o6enx ycTaHOBOK, a TaioKe CTOMMOCTb caKOHOMneHHoro nnn
saTpaneHHoro/noTepaHHoro rasa B o6onx cnynaflx. B Ta6nnue puc. 14
npusefleHO cpasHeHne CTOMMOCTM BHeflpeHMfl, 3KcnnyaTauMM M
o6cny>KMBaHMfl CMKKaTMBHoro M mMKonesoro ocyujMTeneM
(nepepa6aTbisaK)mMX 1 MJIH. cpyT.3 (28 Tbic. M3) npMpoflHoro rasa B cyTKM,
nofl flasneHMeM 450 cpyHTOB Ha KB. flK)MM (S.IMfla), npM TeMnepaType 47°F
(8,33°C)). B Ta6nMue PMC. 15 cpasHMsaioTCfl o6teM M CTOMMOCTb rasa,
noTpe6neHHoro MJIM noTepaHHoro Ka>KflOM ycTaHOBKOM.
PMC. 16 noKasbisaeT, KaKyio SKOHOMMK) napTHep nporpaMMbi Natural Gas
STAR MoxeT o>KMflaTb no MCTeneHMM 5 neT nocne saMeHbi cymecTsyiomero
mMKonesoro ocyiuMTerm MomnocTbio 1 MJIH. cpyT.3 (28 Tbic. M3) B cyTKM npM
napaMeTpax rasa 450 cpyHTOB Ha KB. flK)MM (3,1 Mfla) M 47°F (8,33°C) na
CMKKaTMBHblM.
15
-------
PMC. 14: CpaBHGHkie CTOMMOCTM CMKIOTMBHOFO M rnnKoneBoro
ocywMTe/ieM
1 MJIH. 4>yr.3 (28 Tbic. M3) B cyTKM nofl flaBJiehmeM 450 4>yHTOB Ha KB. AK>MM
(3,1 Mfla) M 47°F (8,33°C)
BMflbi sarpar M 3KOHOMna
CTOMMOCTb BHSflpeHMa
KanmanbHbie saipaibi
CMKK3TMB1 (BKniOHaa HananbHoe HanojiHeHne)
fjlMKOJlb
flpyme saipaibi (MOHia>K n HanaflKa)2
Bcero saipai Ha BHSflpeHne:
CpeflHeroflOBaa cionMOCTb 3KcnnyaTai4nn n o6cny>KMBaHMa
CuKKaiMB
CionMOCTb HanojiHeHna cuKKaiMBOM3 ($1,20/c}3yHT)
CionMOCTb yflaneHna paciBOpa3
CionMOCTb pa6onei/i cunbi4
fjlMKOJlb
CionMOCTb HanojiHeHna muKoneM4 ($4,50/rannoH)
CionMOCTb paSoibi M MaiepnajiOB4
CpeflHeroflOBaa cionMOCTb 3KcnnyaTai4nn n o6cny>KMBaHMa:
CHKKBTMB,
$/rofl
13000
9750
22750
2059
14
1 560
3633
fjlMKOJlb,
$/rofl
20000
15000
35000
167
4680
4847
1 flpeflnonaraa, HTO flsa pesepeyapa paSoiaiOT HesaenoiMO, CM. puc. 5.
2 flpeflnonaraa, HTO cionMOCTb MOHia>Ka cociaanaeT 75% CTOMMOCTM oSopyfloeaHMa.
3 SHaneHMa MS Ta6nML(bi PMC. 7.
4 CM. 3Tan 4. Oi48HKa SKOHOMMM.
PMC. 15: CpaBHGHkie o6~beMa noTpe6/ieHHoro/yTepflHHoro rasa M
CTOMMOCTM
1 MJIH. 4>yr.3 (28 Tbic. M3) B cyTKM nofl flasjieHMeM 450 4>yHTOB Ha KB. AK>MM
(3,1 Mfla) M 47°F (8,33°C)
BMflbi norepb v\ noTpe6jieHna
FloTpeSneHMe rasa
TonjiMBO (PMC. 10 M 11)
floTepM rasa
FlHeBMaTMHecKMe ycTpOMCTsa (PMC. 9)
VTSHKH (PMC. 8 M 12)
Bcero:
SMMCCMH MSTana2:
CMKKaTMB
TbIC. 4>yT.3
(TbIC. M3)/
rofl
-
-
10(0,28)
10(0,28)
10(0,28)
$/rofl1
-
-
30
30
-
fjlMKOJlb
Tbic. 4>yr.3
(TbIC. M3)/
rofl
500(14,1)
504 (14,3)
69(2)
1 073 (30,4)
507 (14,3)
$/rofl1
1 500
1 512
207
3219
-
1 l\ena rasa $3/Tbic. cJjyT.3 ($106/ibic. M3)
2 SHaneHMa ssaTbi MS PMC. 12 M 13
16
-------
OnbiT
PMC. 16: SKOHOMMHecKiie noKaaaje/in saivieHbi rnnKoneBoro
ocywMTerm Ha AByxpesepeyapHbin CMKKaTMBHbin ocyiunTenb
BMflbi sarpar M
3KOHOMMH 1
KanmanbHbie saipaibi
McKnKweHHbie saipaibi na
Saipaibi na 3KcnnyaTai4mo
M o6cny>KMBaHMe
ci/iKKaiMBHOro, $/rofl
ClOMMOCTb
csKOHOMJieHHoro rasa
ClOMMOCTb
BbiCBoSoflMBiueroca
oSopyflOBanna
Bcero, $
($/rofl)
(22 750)
100002
(12750)
rofli
($/rofl)
4847
(3 633)
3219
4433
rofl2
($/rofl)
4847
(3 633)
3219
4433
($/rofl)
4847
(3 633)
3219
4433
I~ofl4
($/rofl)
4847
(3 633)
3219
4433
ToflS
($/rofl)
4847
(3 633)
3219
4433
NPV (Huciaa npuBeflennaa CTOMMOCTb)3 = $3 137
IRR (BHyrpeHHaa Hopivia npuSbmn) 4 = 21%
CpOK OKynaeMOCTM (nei) = 2,9
1 Bee SHaneHna saipai ssaibi us puc. 14 n 15. LJeHa rasa $3,00/Tbic. $>yj.3 ($106/Tbic. M3).
2 l/lcxofla us 50% KanmanbHOi/i CTOMMOCTM muKoneBoro ocyujmena.
3 NPV paccHmaHa, ncxofla us ciaBKM flucKOHinpOBaHna 10% sa 5 nei.
4 IRR paccHmaHa Ha 5 nei.
ocyujMTejin no3BonflK)T coKpamaib Bbi6pocbi wieiaHa B
npouecce ocyujKM c aKOHOMnnecKoi/i Bbirofloi/i flna npeflnpnainfl. Onbii
napmepoB noKasbisaei cneflyiomee:
ripnivieHeHMe cuKKainsHbix ocyujmenei/i flaei
3KOHOMMHeCKMe BblfOflbl, T3KMe, K3K pOCT 3CpCpeKTMBHOCTM npOMSBOflCTBa,
CHMxeHne KanmanbHbix saipai n saipai Ha aKcnnyaiaunK) n
o6cny>KMBaHMe, B ycnosuflx BHCOKHX flasneHm/i n HMSKMX Tewinepaiyp Ha
ycianoBKax c HesbicoKoi/i
* CionMOCTb BocnonHeHMfl CMKKaiMsa HewiHoro 6onbiue no cpasHeHMK) c
, noioiviy HTO cuKKains pacTBOpaeicfl B sofle n flonxeH
perynapHO, B TO spewia K3K rnnKonb Mcnonbsyeicfl
noBiopHO.
* CuKKaiMBHbie ocyujmenn acpcpeKTHBHbi B nnane
wieiaHa, J1OC n OA3, HTO B pesynbiaie flaei K3K
Bbiroflbi.
, iaK n
* CoKpsmeHne aMnccnn wieiaHa sa cnei saivieHbi muKonesoi/i ocyujKM Ha
CMKKaiMBHyK) flon>KHO 6biib BKHioHeHO B roflOBOM OTHeT nporpawiMbi Nat-
ural Gas STAR.
17
-------
Acor, Lori G. and David Mirdadian. Benefits of Using Deliquescing Desic-
cants for Gas Dehydration. Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE82138),
2003.
Bowman, Bob. Benefits of Using Deliquescing Desiccants for Gas Dehydra-
tion. Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE 60170), 2000.
Dow Chemical Company, product literature. Gas Dehydration with
PELADOWDG Calcium Chloride.
Energy Information Administration. Monthly Energy Review, 2002, Table A4.
Eskrigge, Charles. Air and Vacuum Process Inc. (Van Air), personal contact.
Gas Processors Supply Association. Engineering Data Book, Volume II, 11th
edition, 1998, Section 20-Dehydration.
Gas Research Institute. Atlas of Gas-Related Produced Water for 1990.
(GRI-95/0016, May 1995).
Gas Research Institute. Methane Emissions From the Natural Gas Industry,
1996, Volume 12 (GRI-94/0257.29). June 1996.
Murray, Curt. Practical Methods of Drying Natural Gas. Pride of the Hills
MFG., Inc.
Murray, Curt. Pride of the Hills Mfg., Inc., personal contact.
Smith, Reid. BP, personal contact.
The Hanover Compressor Company, personal contact.
Tingley, Kevin. U.S. EPA Natural Gas STAR Program, personal contact.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Lessons Learned: Optimize Glycol
Circulation and Install Flash Tank Separators in Glycol Dehydrators (EPA430-
B-03-013, May 2003).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Lessons Learned: Replacing Gas—
Assisted Glycol Pumps with Electric Pumps (EPA430-B-03-014, May 2003).
Vavro, Matthew E. Minimizing Natural Gas Dehydration Costs with Proper
Selection of Dry Bed Desiccants and New Dryer Technology. Society of
Petroleum Engineers (SPE37348), 1996.
Zavadil, Duane. Williams Production, personal contact.
18
-------
FlpunoKeHne A
PaBHOBecHoe c CMKIOTMBOM coAepxoHiie enarw B npiipoAHOM rase (cfryHTOB BOABI Ha
MJIH. 4>yT.3 rasa)
rurpocKoriMHHbie CMKKamBHbie Ta6neTKM xnopn,qa Kanbuwa
80'F
75F
70F
65F
60F
58F
56F
54F
52F
50F
45F
40 F
35'F
ID
PSIQ
344
292
246
207
174
162
150
140
130
121
100
S3
68
25
PSIG
219
186
157
132
111
103
96
69
63
77
64
53
44
50
PSIQ
134
113
96
81
a
63
59
55
51
47
39
32
27
75
PSIQ
98
83
70
58
50
46
43
40
37
35
28
24
19.6
100
PSIQ
77
65
55
47
39
36
34
32
29
27
22.7
188
15.5
125
PSIG
64
54
46
39
33
31
29
26
24.5
22.8
18.9
15.6
13
150
PSIQ
55
46
39
33
29
26
24.1
22.5
21
19.5
16.2
13.4
11.1
175
PSIG
48
41
43
28
24.5
22.8
21.2
19.6
18.4
17.1
14.3
11.8
9.8
200
PSIQ
43
36
31
26
21.9
20.3
18.9
17.6
16.4
15.3
12.7
10.5
8.7
225
PSIG
39
33
27
23.5
19.8
18.4
17.1
16
14.9
13.9
11.5
9.6
7.9
250
PSIG
35
30
25
21.4
III
16.8
15.7
14.6
14.4
12.7
10.6
9.8
7.2
275
PSIG
33
28
23.4
19.8
16.8
15.6
14.5
13.5
12.6
11.7
9.8
8.1
6.7
300
PSIQ
30
26
21.7
18.4
15.5
14.4
13.4
12.6
11.7
10.9
8.1
7.5
6.2
350
PSIG
27
22.5
19.1
16.2
13.7
12.9
11.8
11.1
10.3
9.6
8
6.7
5.5
400
PSIQ
23.6
20.1
17.1
14.5
12.3
11.4
10.6
9.9
9.3
8.6
7.2
6
5
500
PSIG
19.7
16.8
14.3
12.1
10.3
9.6
8.9
8.3
7.8
7.2
6.1
5
4.2
750
PSIQ
14.3
12.2
10.4
8.9
7.6
7
6.6
6.2
5.8
5.4
4.5
3.8
3.1
1000
PSIG
11.6
9.9
6.5
7.3
6.2
5.8
5.4
5.1
4.7
4.4
3.7
3.1
2.6
rurpOCKOriMHHbie CMKKaTMBHbie Ta6j1GTKM XnOpHfla JIHTMfl
80F
75F
70F
65F
60F
5SF
56F
54F
52F
50'F
45'F
40'F
35F
10
PSIG
129
108
91
77
65
60
56
52
48
45
37
30
25
25
PSIG
81
69
59
49
41
38
37
33
31
29
23.8
13.6
16.1
50
PSIG
50
42
36
30
25
23.4
21.7
20.3
18.9
17.5
14.5
12
8.9
75
PSIG
36
31
26
21.9
18.4
17.1
15.9
14.8
13.8
12.8
10.7
8.7
7.2
100
PSIG
29
24.2
20.4
17.2
14.5
13.5
12.5
11.7
10.3
10.1
8.4
6.9
5.7
125
PSIG
23.7
20
17
14.3
12.1
11.2
10.5
3.7
8
8.4
7
5.8
4.8
150
PSIG
20.2
17.2
14.5
12.2
10.3
8.6
8.9
8.3
7.7
7.2
6
4.9
4.1
175
PSIG
17.6
15.1
12.7
10.8
9.1
8.4
7.8
7.3
6.8
6.4
5.3
4.4
3.6
200
PSIG
15.8
13.4
11.3
9.6
8.1
7.5
7
6.5
6.1
5.6
4.7
3.8
3.2
225
PSIG
14.3
12.1
1C.3
8.7
7.4
6.8
6.3
5.8
5.5
5.1
4.3
3.6
2.9
250
PSIG
13
11.1
9.4
7.9
6.7
6.2
5.8
5.4
5
4.7
3.9
3.2
2.7
275
PSIG
12
10.2
9.7
7.3
6.2
5.7
5.4
5
4.7
4.4
3.6
3
2.5
300
PSIG
11.1
9.5
8
6.8
5.7
5.3
5
4.6
4.3
4
3.3
2.8
2,3
350
PSIG
9.8
8.3
7.1
6
5
4.7
4.4
4.1
3.8
3.5
2.9
2.4
2
400
PSIG
8.7
7.4
6.3
5.4
4.5
4.2
3.9
3.7
3.4
3.2
2.6
2.2
1.8
500
PSIG
7.3
6.2
5.3
4.5
3.8
3.5
3.3
3.1
2.3
2.7
2.2
1.8
1.5
750
PSIG
5.3
4.5
3.8
3.3
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.3
2.1
2
1.6
1.4
1.1
1000
PSIG
4.3
3.7
3.1
2.7
2.3
2.1
2
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.3
1.1
0.9
MCTOHHMK: Van Air
19
-------
B
BOflHbix napoe B npupoflHOM rase npii
1000*
100*
z-
1000*
Sfe 10*
7*
3Coflep>KaHMe BOflHbix napOB B npupoflHOM rase npn
SMITH INDUSTRIES INC.
HOUSTON, TEXAS
CHART 2
•
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
TeMneparypa, °F
MCTOHHMK: Smith Industries, Inc., Houston, Texas
20
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&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection Agency
Air and Radiation (6202J)
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20460
EPA430-B-03-016
------- |