User's Guide
Delisting Risk Assessment Software (DRAS)
Version 3.0
October 2008
U.S. EPA Region 5
Chicago, Illinois
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1 Introduction 1-1
1.1 Objectives 1-1
2 System Requirements and Installation 2-1
3 Quick User's Guide 3-1
4 Overview 4-1
5 Detailed Description 5-1
5.1 Start-Up 5-1
5.2 Main Menu 5-1
5.3 Steps 1-3-Entering Facility Information 5-4
5.4 Steps 4&5 - Selecting Chemicals of Concern 5-6
6 Results 6-1
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1 Introduction
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed this User's Guide as part of the
Hazardous Waste Delisting Program. The Region 6 Delisting Program originally developed
The Delisting Risk Assessment Software (DRAS) to compute risks and hazards associated
with individual waste streams for delisting petitions. Regions 5 and 6 updated DRAS and
released version 3.0 in October 2008. DRAS is used by several EPA Regions, numerous
delisting-authorized states and facilities interested in delisting waste.
DRAS was specifically designed to help determine whether a waste meets the conditions
under Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations 40 CFR §261.11 (a)(3) (Criteria for Listing
Hazardous Waste), as well as other factors. These may include chemical constituents other
than those for which the waste was listed that could cause the waste to be a hazardous
waste. This guide will assist the user in applying DRAS to evaluate petitions to delist
hazardous wastes submitted under (40 CFR) §260.22.
DRAS performs a multi-pathway and multi-chemical risk assessment to assess the
acceptability of a petitioned waste to be disposed into a Subtitle D landfill or surface
impoundment. DRAS executes both forward- and back calculations. The forward-
calculation uses chemical concentrations and waste volume inputs to determine cumulative
carcinogenic risks and hazard results. The back-calculation applies waste volume and
acceptable risk and hazard values to calculate upper- limit allowable chemical
concentrations in the waste.
1.1 Objectives
The objectives of the User's Guide are: (1) to provide general information about DRAS; (2)
to provide step-by-step instructions on using the software and interpreting the results of the
risk assessment; and (3) to troubleshoot difficulties commonly encountered in installation
and operation of the software. This information is intended to assist regulatory authorities,
petitioners, and decision makers in the hazardous waste delisting determination process.
Users are directed to the Delisting Technical Support Document (DTSD) for detailed
background information about the algorithms, equations, and the dilution-attenuation factors
(DAFs) used in the risk assessment. The DTSD is provided with the software and in most
installations, can be accessed directly from within the program by selecting the Documents
menu. In the event the link fails, the documents are located in the Documents subfolder
within the folder in which the program was installed.
For additional information necessary to satisfy the information requirements of a complete
delisting petition, Petitioners should consult their delisting regulatory authority. The Region 6
RCRA Delisting Program Guidance Manual for the Petitioner (U.S. EPA, 1996) is also
available with additional information for the petitioner.
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2 System Requirements and Installation
This section summarizes the operating system requirements for DRAS version 3.0.
• Pentium, or compatible processor-based personal computer (PC with 1 GHz or
greater is recommended).
• Windows 2000, or Windows XP, or later Wndows versions.
• 256 MB of RAM.
• At least 100 MB of available hard disk space.
• Printer for generating hard-copy reports.
A CD-ROM drive, flash drive, or floppy drive is not necessary but can facilitate exporting of
DRAS project files from one computer to another.
To install DRAS version 3.0, download setup.exe to your PC, double-click setup.exe, and
follow instructions on the screen.
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3 Quick User's Guide
1. Through Start and Programs, Open DRAS version 3.0.
2. Select New Analysis from among the Analysis Operations also along the left side of
the screen.
3. In the DRAS window Steps 1-3, enter values into all required fields, choose single- or
multi-batch waste generation, enter the annual or total volume in cubic yards (for
landfills), set target risk and hazard according to your delisting regulatory authority.
Click Update, then To Steps 4&5.
4. In the DRAS window Steps 4&5, use drop-down tables to add DRAS waste
constituents to the project list and enter analytical data for total and leachate
concentrations. Click Update Site COCs, then Run DRAS.
5. Check the Pathways Exceeding the Delisting Limits output table for any
concentrations exceeding target risk, hazard, or SDWA MCLs.
6. Check the Maximum Allowable TCLP Concentrations - Groundwater Exposure
Pathway and Maximum Allowable Total Concentrations - Surface Exposure
Pathway output tables for allowable concentrations.
7. Check the Aggregate Risk and Hazard Quotient Results output table for aggregate
risks or hazards that may exceed target levels.
8. Check the Toxicity Characteristic, Soil Saturation, and Ecological Values output table
to confirm that none of these parameters are exceeded.
9. Click Save Analysis and Print output tables as needed.
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4 Overview
DRAS assesses the carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazard associated with a
petitioned waste's disposal to either of two types of waste management units (WMU). These
are a landfill and a surface impoundment. The software prompts the user to enter waste
information which should be available from a facility's delisting petition. Once all the general
waste information and the chemical specific concentration data are entered, the program
performs screening and cumulative risk and hazard calculations.
The screening risk evaluation provides the user with Toxicity Characteristic Leachate
Procedure (TCLP) and total waste constituent concentrations associated with the target
carcinogenic risk level and the target hazard quotient for the most sensitive exposure
pathway. The target carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazard must be entered by the
user. The targets are typically set by the delisting regulatory authority applicable to your
delisting and may vary from one jurisdiction to another due to differences in local risk
management objectives. TCLP and total constituent concentrations derived from target risk
and hazard settings may be used as the maximum allowable waste constituent
concentrations for a multi-year standard exclusion (delisting). If the waste constituent
concentration exceeds these risk-based levels, the waste may not qualify for a multi-year
exclusion under 40 CFR §§260.20 and 260.22.
The cumulative risk assessment provides the user with an overall carcinogenic risk and
noncarcinogenic hazard index (HI) for the petitioned waste as a whole, summing risks
associated with each exposure pathway for a given constituent and then summing risks for
all waste constituents. The assessment also provides the user with the cumulative
carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks associated with a specific waste constituent. If the
waste constituent concentrations exceed the risk-based levels calculated from DRAS, the
waste may not qualify for exclusion under 40 CFR §§260.20 and 260.22. The methods and
data used in the determination of media waste concentrations at the point of exposure and
the risk assessment algorithms are outlined and referenced in the DTSD.
The results are presented in a series of tables documenting the constituents evaluated, any
modifications to default chemical, physical, or toxicological parameters, forward estimation of
risks by pathway and constituent, back-calculated estimation of allowable concentrations by
pathway and constituent, estimates of aggregate risk and hazard, and a screening of
concentrations exceeding the allowable concentrations, soil saturation, toxicity characteristic
concentrations, or ecological screening values.
The user may also enter the detection limit (DL) value associated with a given waste
constituent and the program will determine the risk and hazard associated with a fraction of
the waste constituent DL value. The default fraction used in the risk assessment is one-half
of the detection level. The program tracks waste constituent risks associated with actual
measured concentrations with and without out non-detects valuated at one-half of the DL.
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5 Detailed Description
5.1 Start-Up
Upon opening DRAS 3.0, a small window box appears with a reminder that a number of
changes have been made to the program. A link is provided to a more detailed summary of
the modifications. Click No, go to program to bypass the message and open the main
menu.
5.2 Main Menu
The Main Menu appears as follows:
File Edit Analysis Window
Documents Help Font Legend
Available Analyses \
+ Example
Analysis Operations I
New Analysis
Import Analysis
Double click fin
analysis or any
sub-heading of
an analysis to
open it foi
editing and or
turning.
Update Analyses!
Guidance Documents
DRASv.3.0 User's Guide
Chapter 1 of DTSD
Chapter 2 of DTSD
Chapter 3 of DTSD
Chapter 4 of DTSD
Chapter 5 of DTSD
Chapters of DTSD
Appendix A of DTSD 12345
Appendix B of DTSD
Existing projects are listed in a window on the left side of the screen labeled Available
Analyses. To start a new project, select New Analysis from among the Analysis Operations
also along the left side of the screen. You can also click on the Begin a New Analysis
button located in the tool bar or by selecting New Analysis from the File Menu at the top of
the page. This will open a window where you can enter facility information (see section 5.3).
Note that project data entry and results screens will appear in the empty window to the right
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within the Main Menu and the commands listed both above and to the left of the project
window will remain during all subsequent DRAS operations.
The other options available under Analysis Operations are:
Open Analysis - This will open any project listed above. The user must have that project
selected in the Available Analyses window by clicking on it once until highlighted.
Save Analysis - This will save the project. Note: this option is only available if a project is
open. Also, the projects are automatically saved within the DRAS database. In order to
archive a project or move it to another computer you must use the Export Analysis
command.
Close Analysis - This will close the project. Note: this option is only available if a project is
open.
Export Analysis - This will export the project as a file in a format specific to the DRAS
software (with the extension .drs). Note: this option is only available if a project is open or is
selected in the Available Analyses window by clicking on it once until highlighted.
Copy Analysis - This will create a duplicate copy of a project. You can run variations of the
same project without having to reenter data by copying the analysis and renaming it and
saving it in the Steps 1-3 window (see Section 5.3.).
Import Analysis - This will allow you to import a project from an archive or another
computer by opening an existing DRAS formatted "Export" file (with the extension *drs).
Delete Analysis - This will delete the project file.
Update Analysis - This function is used to update existing projects in the event a newer
version of DRAS is issued. A duplicate of all projects imported into the Available Analyses
window will be created using physical and chemical parameters from the new version. The
user should rename them or otherwise note they may have different results. This function
will not update DRAS version 1.0 and 2.0 files since the version 3.0 database has been
restructured.
Delisting Technical Support Document (DTSD)
A link to the Delisting Technical Support Documents is provided down the left side of the
screen below the Analysis Operations. Clicking on these will open the documents in
portable document format in the project window to the right. The same documents are also
available under the Documents sub-menu at the top of the page. In the event the links fail,
which can happen depending how your portable document format viewer is installed, you
can access these files from the Documents sub folder located in the folder in which you
installed the DRAS.
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Tool Bar and Menu
A number of these same commands repeat as buttons in the tool bar or as menu options at
the top of the page. Additional commands available in the tool bar and menu include:
Print - This allows the selection of various reports and results tables for hard-copy printing.
Note: many of the tables are wide and print better in landscape mode.
Export to Table - This allows whichever table is displayed in the project box to exported as
either a Table Export in * Mm/format or a comma and space delimited text file suitable for
importing into a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel™. The export to the comma
delimited export is very useful in the event you wish to sort, compare, or process the results
in ways beyond those available within DRAS.
Edit Customer COCs and DAFs - This allows the creation of and management of a
database of chemicals or elements not preloaded in DRAS (See Section 5.4). Table entries
can be made for the same physical, chemical, biological, and toxicological parameters
entered for the DRAS default elements and chemicals. Dilution-Attenuation Factors (DAFs),
a parameter relating leachate concentrations in the landfill or surface impoundment to
groundwater concentrations at a nearby residential supply well, can be entered on a
separate line. DRAS can only evaluate one constant DAF for a constituent entered in the
customer database. This DAF will be used for all entered concentrations. To avoid run-time
errors, please enter estimated DAFs for both landfill and surface impoundments for each
unique constituent added. Note: this function is not operational in all installations at this
time. In the event this function does not work on your computer, try installing DRAS on a
different computer or choose a surrogate element or chemical (one you were not planning
on including in your analysis) and modifying the physical, chemical, biological, and
toxicological parameters in the table in DRAS window Steps 4 & 5 while noting your change.
Analysis - This option lets you switch views between facility information, chemical data
entry, and results screens. Note: the links to the Chemical Properties Database and the
Show Delisting Level Analysis are not operational at this time. Show Delisting Level
Analysis is meant to allow the calculation of delisting levels using only facility and target risk
information for the purposes of conveying target data quality objectives at the outset of a
project. EPA will attempt to restore these functions in the future. All chemical properties
entered in the default database can be viewed in DRAS window Steps 4 & 5 once that
element or chemical has been added to the project-specific list. All of these values can also
be viewed along with references in Appendix A1 of the DTSD. Target data quality
concentrations must be generated by selecting all of the elements and chemicals of concern
and running DRAS to obtain maximum allowable total and TCLP concentrations.
Window - This option lets you switch views between facility information, chemical data
entry, and results screens but includes links to more of the individual results screens. Note:
the link to the Chemical Properties Database is not operational at this time. All chemical
properties entered in the default database can be viewed in DRAS window Steps 4 & 5 once
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that element or chemical has been added to the project-specific list. All of these values can
also be viewed along with references in Appendix A1 of the DTSD.
DRAS v.3.1 Help - This command is reserved for a help, topics, index, and search-style
help function which is not currently operational. Please refer to this guide, the DTSD, or the
Agency's contact for DRAS for assistance. The current Agency contact for DRAS is Todd
Ramaly, EPA Region 5, and can be reached at 312-353-9317 or ramaly.todd(S)epa.gov.
5.3 Steps 1-3 - Entering Facility Information
The following screenshot shows the first data entry window. Step 1 includes fields for
entering the project filename, petitioner, location, EPA Region, waste code, waste
description, and pertinent dates. There is also a User Comment box where detailed
comments about the run can be entered. This is helpful if the user wishes to run the project
multiple times with varying inputs and differentiate one run from another.
Step 2 - Waste Management Unit and Risk/HQ Information - is where the user specifies the
following input:
Waste Management Unit Type - Landfill for non-liquid wastes or Surface Impoundment
for liquid wastes;
Waste Volume - This is the value for waste generated annually for continually generated
wastes or one total volume for one-time projects like remediation. For landfills, please enter
the annual volume in cubic yards. For surface impoundments, please enter the total volume
of liquid in the surface impoundment in cubic meters (typical operating capacity).
Flow Rate of Liquid - This applies to evaluations of surface impoundments only and must
be set to the expected flowrate of liquid into the surface impoundment in cubic meters per
year.
Waste Management Unit Active Life - The default values are 20 years for landfills and 50
years for surface impoundments.
Target risk and target hazard quotient - The target risks and hazards are obtained from
your delisting regulatory authority.
5-4
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:jUi;j\-?R!E1^
I
& File Edit Analysis Window
Documents Help Font Legend
Available Analyses^
• Example
• Hew Analysis
Analysis Operations]^
New Analysis
Open Analysis
Save Analysis
Close Analysis
Export Analysis
Double click an
analysis or any
sub-heading of
an analysis to
open it for
editing ancl/oi
unniny.
Update Analyses
Guidance Documents I
DRASv,3.0 User's Gtiide
Chapter 1 of DTSD
Chapter 2 of DTSD
Chapters of DTSD
Chapter 4 of DTSD
Chapter 5 of DTSD
Chapter 6 of DTSD
Step 1 - Delisting Petitioner Information
EPA Region: |1 T
Anaiysis Filename:
Petitioner's Name:
Petitioner's Address:
EPA Delisting Petition Number: |p|_-
User Comments:
City State Zip Code:
Waste Description:
Listed Waste Code(s): |
DRAS Analysts ,
Performed by: I
Date:
H
Date Petition
Submitted to EPA:
Step 2 - Waste Management Unit and Risk/HQ Information
Waste Management Unit Type
<"• Landfill r Surface Impoundment
Waste Volyme*| I (ycP
Flow rate of Liqui^To " (m3/yM
Waste Management Unit Active Life
<•• One Year Batch r Multiple Year Batch
Step 3 - Update Information
Risk HO Values
Cancer Risk Hazard Quotient
Level (HQ)
Required Fields
Update Information Cancel Changes Calour.1, Misting
This Step also allows you to choose between a One Year Batch delisting, typical for a
remediation waste scenario or a Multiple Year Batch where the facility plans on generating
the waste indefinitely.
On some systems, you may not be able to see the entire screen, including important
commands at the bottom of the window. By selecting the Windows button that allows
multiple window pane display (between the "minimize" button and the "close" "x" button on
the menu bar above) the Steps 1-3 window refreshes with a scroll bar on the right. Use the
scroll bar to move to the bottom of the window where you can now choose from the Step 3
options. The following screen shows the bottom of the Steps 1-3 window.
Step 3 - The following four commands are presented under Step 3 - Update Information:
Update Information - This locks in all entries or modifications made in steps 1 & 2.
Cancel Changes - This clears all modifications to steps 1 & 2.
Calculate Delisting Levels - This feature generates a concise list of maximum allowable
concentrations for both total concentrations and leachate concentrations so that "practical
quantitation limits" (PQLs - the concentrations at which selected laboratory methods are
sensitive to the tested constituents) could be confirmed as adequate for comparison to the
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DRAS maximum allowable concentrations. This feature is not currently working as
intended. EPA recommends that waste constituents be entered in steps 4&5 and that the
DRAS analysis be fully run to generate maximum allowable concentrations. The existing
DRAS project named example.drs can be used to prepare provisional delisting levels for use
as PQLs. The project example.drs has all chemicals in the DRAS database already
selected so the user need only reenter the facility name, annual volume, and target risk and
target hazard in order to quickly run the project. "Dummy" values for TCLP and total
concentrations are also pre-loaded into example.drs. Even though the concentrations are
not needed in determining maximum allowable delisting levels (for use as PQLs in this case)
DRAS will not run without concentrations entered. Example.drs can be renamed to match
your project.
To Steps 4&5 - This option moves data entry to the Steps 4&5 window where individual
waste constituents are selected and concentrations are entered. Note: This command will
not be available unless all mandatory fields, marked with a red asterisk, are completed.
5.4 Steps 4&5 - Selecting Chemicals of Concern
Step 4 includes a table where individual waste constituents are selected for evaluation. By
clicking in the Chemical Name or CAS Number fields, a drop-down table can be opened
revealing all of the chemicals or elements available in the DRAS default database arranged
in alphabetical order. Waste constituents are added to the project-specific Step 4 table by
scrolling down and clicking on a particular constituent. The user can also begin typing a
constituent name or CAS number and if a default constituent matches the entry, the drop-
down table will advance to the matching constituent.
Once added to the project-specific analysis table, the user must enter a concentration or
detection level (in the case of non-detects) for both the total concentration and the leachate
concentration. Leachate concentrations are typically obtained from the Toxicity
Characteristic Leachate Procedure (TCLP) although other tests may apply depending upon
the delisting regulatory authority's requirements. A non-zero concentration must be entered
for both types. If you wish to run the analysis with incomplete data, for example to see if a
waste will pass based on existing data, EPA recommends that you enter a dummy value so
that the program will run. The dummy value can be an extremely low detection level so that
the estimated risk or hazard doesn't skew the results.
To record a non-detected result, enter the detection limit and select the "detection limit" box.
Risks will be aggregated in two ways. One includes risks generated only from detected
concentrations and another includes risks generated from both detected concentrations and
a fraction (50%) of the detection limits from non-detected constituents.
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DRAS v.3.0 - RCRA Subtitle D Delisting Risk Assessment Software Program [new] -...
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3- File Edit Analysis Window
Documents Help Font Legend
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Available Analyses |
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Step 4 - Select Chemicals of Concern and Enter Concentrations
Chemical Name
Chromium (VI) (+6)
TCLP
Concentration
(mg(L)
TCLP
Detection
Liml
Total
Concentration
(mg*g)
Total
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Maximum
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Carcinogenic Slope
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r
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:HEMNAME | CHEMCAS | MCL | CSFO | CSFI | ORDO | ORDI | BCF | SOILSAT | TC | HENRY | DIFFW | DIFFA |
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Update Analyses I
Guidance Documents I
DRAS v.3.0 User's Gllkle
Chapter lofDTSD
Chapter 2 of DTSD
Chapter 3 of DTSD
Chapter 4 of DTSD
Chapter 5 of DTSD
Chapter 6 of DTSD
Step 5 - Update Chemicals of Concern and Run DRAS
Cancel Changes Update Site COCs Delete COC
Modifying physical, chemical, biological, and toxicological parameters: To modify any
parameter (for example, to incorporate an updated cancer slope factor), the user can scroll
across the line for a constituent by using the left and right cursor keys and typing in the new
value. Any modifications to the default database will be documented in a particular output
table.
Evaluating waste constituents not available in the default database: In the event that the
user wishes to evaluate a waste constituent that is not among those pre-loaded in the DRAS
database, there are two ways to perform this evaluation.
First, a customer-generated separate database for unique chemical entries can be prepared
by the user. The menu item Edit Customer COCs and DAFs from the Edit menu. Table
entries can be made for all of the same physical, chemical, biological, and toxicological
parameters entered for the DRAS default elements and chemicals. DAFs, a parameter
relating leachate concentrations in the landfill or surface impoundment to groundwater
concentrations at a nearby residential supply well, can be entered on a separate line. The
DRAS can only evaluate one constant DAF for a constituent entered in the customer
database. This DAF will be used for all entered concentrations. To avoid run-time errors,
please enter estimated DAFs for both landfill and surface impoundments for each unique
constituent added.
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Instructions for adding a new COC:
1. From the Main Screen, Click on Customer COCs and DAF under the Edit menu.
This^should bm^
g.» File Edit Analysis Window Administration Documents Help Font Legend
0
Available Analyses
Analysis Operations |
Guidance Documents I
DRAS v.3.0 User's Guide
Chapter 1 of DTSD
Chapter 2 of DTSD
Chapter 3 of DTSD
Chapter 4 of DTSD
Chapter 5 of DTSD
Chapter 6 of DTSD
Appendix A of DTSD 12345
Appendix B of DTSD
CatcinQgenio ] Cagcinogeni
| SoilSatutahQr
CAS Numbet | LFcc
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2. COC properties are entered in the top half of this window and DAF information is
entered in the bottom half.
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3. Click on the Chemical Name cell in the top window and enter the first COC: for
example - HGLTEMP1 (Figure 2). After entering the Chemical Name, Click on the
cell to the right (below CAS). The screen display would now be similar to Fig 2.
I-
Available Analyses
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Steilinti Heights Actu.ils
Analysis Operations |
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Guidance Documents |
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Figure 2
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4. Enter the values for CAS ID and other properties. Once all values have been
entered, click on the row below (Colored in blue). This should update the COC
properties. Once the database is updated, the pencil icon will change to a black
arrow.
• [)liASv-:i.1.14-DCHASuMillel) Delislins Risk Assessment Software Program -ICustomer Constituents!
• File Edit Analysis Window Administration Documents Help Font Legend
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J Analysis Operations I
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Guidance Documents I
DRAS v.3.0 User's Guide
Chapter 1 of DTSD
Chaptei 2 of DTSD
Chapter 3 of DTSD
Cliapter 4 of DTSD
Chapter 5 of DTSD
Chapter 6 of DTSD
Appendix A of DTSD 12345
Appendix B of DTSD
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5. Now, click on the DAF window in the lower-half and enter CAS Number and
respective DAFs. After entering all the data, click on the blue row below to update the
database. Once the database is updated, the pencil icon will change to a black
arrow.
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Guidance Documents 1
DRASv.3.0 Usei's Guide
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6. To access this COC from the Site COCs screen, click on the drop down at the
bottom and select the Customer option. Now, HGLTEMP1 can be added to the
Droject database.
. File Edit Analysis Window Administration Documents Help Font Legend
DM
Available Analyses
Step 4 - Select Chemicals of Concern and Enter Concentrations
Jterling Heiglits Actuals
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Analysis Operations 1
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Close Anal/ih
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Aceionitrile (methyl <
Guidance Documents
ORASv.3.0 Usei's Guide
Chapter 1 of DTSD
Chaptei 2 of DTSD
Chaptei 3 of DTSD
Chapter 4 of DTSD
Chapter 5 of DTSD
Chaptei 6 of DTSD
Appendix A of DTSD 12345
Appendix B of DTSD
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Note: The Customer Database function is not operational in all installations at this time. If it
does not work on your installation, please try installing DRAS on a different system or use
the second approach to evaluating a non-default waste constituent as described in the next
paragraph.
A waste constituent not already included in the default DRAS database can also be added
by selecting a DRAS constituent the user specifically does not need for the project to serve
as a surrogate for analysis. Scroll to the right to enter all the physical, chemical, biological,
and toxicological parameters to match the new chemical or element. Choose an organic
chemical, or one for which the DAFs are not "TCLP dependent" for the surrogate. The user
must keep a separate record documenting that the chemical selected is actually a surrogate
for another.
The remaining commands under Step 5 - Update Chemicals of Concern and Run DRAS
are:
Cancel Changes - This will remove any modifications made since the last update.
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Update Site COCs - This will save all changes and entered data in Step 4. Users should
update periodically while adding many waste constituents in order to minimize the loss of
data if the program unexpectedly quits.
Delete COC - This will delete a selected waste constituent only if the line corresponding to it
is highlighted by clicking on the box to the left of the Chemical Name.
Back to Steps 1-3 - This will return the user to Steps 1-3, Delisting Petitioner Information,
Waste Management Unit and Risk/HQ Information, and Update Information.
Run DRAS - This will run the DRAS analysis, providing both a forward estimate of risk and
hazard based on the concentrations of waste constituents entered and a list of maximum
allowable concentrations back-calculated from the target risk and hazard settings
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6 Results
The following tables will open upon a successful DRAS run with each available for viewing,
printing, or export: To return to Steps 1-3 or Steps 4&5from the results screens, click Close
Results Screens under the Windows menu at the top of the page.
List of Customer COCs - This is a list of all customer COCs selected for analysis including
all physical, chemical, biological, and toxicological data entered.
List of COCs with Altered Chemical Properties - This is a list of all default DRAS COCs
selected for analysis where the user has altered any of the physical, chemical, biological,
and toxicological data. This table will identify each parameter, units, the original value, and
the new value.
Limiting Pathways - This table summarizes the most sensitive pathway for each constituent
for both ground water pathways (evaluated as leachate) and surface pathways (evaluated
as total concentrations).
Groundwater Pathway Hazard Quotient - This displays the estimated hazard quotient via
ground water for each waste constituent by pathway and summed by constituent and
pathway.
Groundwater Pathway Risk- This displays the estimated excess cancer risk via ground
water posed by each waste constituent and summed by constituent and pathway.
Maximum Allowable TCLP Concentration - Groundwater Exposure Pathway- This table
displays the maximum allowable receptor concentration for a number of ground water
exposure pathways based on target risk and hazard settings. The minimum value of these
concentrations and the Safe Drinking Water Act MCL is converted into a maximum
allowable waste leachate concentration based on the DAFs that apply.
Surface Pathway Hazard Quotient- This displays the estimated hazard quotient via surface
pathways for each waste constituent by pathway and summed by constituent and pathway.
Surface Pathway Risk- This displays the estimated excess cancer risk via surface
pathways posed by each waste constituent and summed by constituent and pathway.
Maximum Allowable Total Concentrations - Surface Exposure Pathway- This table
displays the maximum allowable total concentration for a number of surface exposure
pathways based on the target risk and hazard settings. The least of these concentrations is
selected as the overall maximum allowable concentration.
Aggregate Risk and Hazard Quotient Results - All excess carcinogenic risks for both
detected values only and a combination of detected values and a fraction (50%) of the
detection level for non-detected constituents are aggregated here. All hazard quotients for
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both detected values only and a combination of detected values and a fraction (50%) of the
detection level for non-detected constituents are aggregated here into a hazard index. Note:
If the hazard index exceeds the target hazard set by the delisting regulatory authority, EPA
recommends that the constituents may be evaluated and split by target organ (see DTSD
Appendix A-4) before drawing a conclusion about exceeding the target hazard.
Toxicity Characteristic, Soil Saturation, and Ecological Values - This table identifies waste
concentrations that exceed toxicity characteristic concentrations, waste concentrations that
exceed soil saturation values (a condition that cannot be evaluated properly by the fate and
transport models used in DRAS), and waste concentrations that result in surface water
concentrations (from uncontrolled run-off at the waste management unit) that exceed
surface water quality criteria.
Pathways Exceeding the Delisting Limits - This is a concise summary of only those
evaluated constituents that exceed the maximum allowable concentrations based on target
risk and hazard settings.
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