O
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), Green Project Reserve of 2009, through the State Revolving Fund,
provided funding for a wide variety of qualifying projects in the categories of: green infrastructure, energy efficiency,
water efficiency, and other innovative projects. For more information on ARRA, to find out if your current or future
planned project meets the necessary criteria, and how to apply, visit www.Recovery.gov.
PILOT
PROGRAM
BACKGROUND
Massachusetts Energy Management
Pilot Program for Drinking Water
and Wastewater Case Study
Reducing energy costs, Lowering greenhouse gas
emissions, and saving communities money through
the identification of energy-efficient opportunities
at water treatment facilities.
For many drinking water and wastewater
facilities across the United States, energy costs
make up the majority of an annual operating
budget, typically second only to labor costs.
Energy costs have a direct impact on an area's
economic health through inefficient energy use
and high utility rates, as well as on the total of
greenhouse gases emitted.
According to the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), an estimated 3% of national energy
consumption, equivalent to approximately
56 billion kilowatt hours (kWh), or $4 billion, is
used in providing drinking water and wastewater
services each year. Assuming the average mix of
energy sources throughout country, this equates
to adding approximately 45 million tons of
greenhouse gas to the atmosphere annually.
In the state of Massachusetts alone, cities and
towns spend approximately $150 million per year
in electrical costs to treat 662 billion gallons of
wastewater and drinking water. About 35-40%
of a treatment facility's operating budget involves
the purchase of energy to treat drinking water
or wastewater.
MassDEP
Massachusetts
Environmenta
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Case Study
www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
In December of 2007, the Executive Office of
Energy & Environmental Affairs (EOEEA) and
Massachusetts Department of Environmental
Protection (MassDEP) set out to identify how
the state could achieve a higher level of energy
efficiency at water and wastewater utilities, and
the Massachusetts Energy Management Pilot
for Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment
Facilities was launched. A total of 14 facilities
across the state, seven wastewater treatment
plants and seven drinking water treatment
plants, are taking part in this innovative pilot
program, which is designed to:
• reduce the amount of energy that municipal
facilities use in treating the water that flows
through the plant by 20%;
• reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20%;
• and save communities money.
"The results of this pilot demonstrate
the power and benefits of building a
public and private partnership. These
facilities will reduce energy costs for the
ratepayers, as well as provide significant
greenhouse gas emission reductions in
the decades to come."
Michael DiBara, Project Manager
Massachusetts Department of
Environmental Protection
The pilot program has brought together
state and federal agencies, electric and gas
utilities, and other partners to share resources
and expertise in achieving the program's
energy goals. Utilities and other state
partners provided a total of $326,000 in-kind
contributions in assessment activities for the
initial phase of the program.
Steps taken at each participating utility in this
pilot program include:
• Benchmarking each plant's current energy
needs and performance and assigning
a score based on EPA's EnergyStar
benchmarking tool
• Conducting facility energy audits
• Assessing each plant for its potential
renewable and clean energy opportunities
• Offering support for the implementation
of energy-related projects based on the
assessments
Significant energy savings and renewable
power generation opportunities have been
identified. In total, over $3.7 million of potential
annual energy savings, through energy efficient
and renewables, were identified at the 14
facilities. Each facility varied in estimated
potential savings, from 6-133% of annual
energy costs, an average of 34%. A summary of
these costs and potential savings is provided
later in this case study.
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Case Study
www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
SUCCESS
THROUGH
PARTNERSHIP
A primary driver for this pilot program was
MassDEP's desire to increase the organization's
efforts to provide information on the public
and private resources available to assist
drinking water and wastewater facilities in
reducing their energy consumption and
carbon footprint, while saving money.The
establishment of a combined Energy and
Environmental Affairs Secretary position
under MA Governor Deval Patrick's
administration and the office's high
priority to advance energy-savings goals
across the state was also a contributing
factor to this collaborative environment.
With municipal energy savings a priority within
the state, MassDEP was joined by the following
strategic partners:
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA Region 1)
• Massachusetts Department of Energy
Resources (MA DOER)
• the University of Massachusetts-
Amherst (U Mass)
• the Massachusetts Renewable Energy Trust
• the Consortium for Energy Efficiency
• Major gas and electric utilities in the state
As a voluntary program, MassDEP reached
out to a cross-section of 14 facilities, varying
in size, employed technologies, geographic
location, and level of utilization of energy
management techniques.
The following facilities participated in the first
phase of the pilot program:
"The great success of the Energy
Management Pilot Program can be
attributed to the dedication, passion, and
hard work of all those involved with the
goal of making a positive impact within
the state's largest area of municipal
energy use. State and federal leadership,
agency staff and my colleagues in other
communities all pulled together as
partners. Development of this national
pilot program is inspiring for us, both
personally and professionally."
Bill Fitzgerald, Superintendent
Town ofFairhaven, Board of Public Works
• Drinking Water Facilities: Ashland, Easton,
Falmouth, Lee, New Bedford,Townsend, and
Worcester.
• Wastewater Facilities: Barnstable
Wastewater Treatment; Charles River
Pollution Control District (Bellingham,
Dover, Franklin, Medway, Millis, Norfolk,
Sherborn and Wrentham); Falmouth
Wastewater Treatment; Greater Lawrence
Sewer District (Andover, Lawrence,
Methuen, North Andover, and Salem,
NH); Lowell Regional Wastewater Utility
(Chelmsford, Dracut, Lowell, Tewksbury and
Tyngsboro); Pittsfield Wastewater Treatment;
and Upper Blackstone Wastewater Pollution
Control District (Auburn, Cherry Valley,
Holden, Millbury, Rutland, West Boylston
and Worcester).
&EPA
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Case Study
www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
STEPS TO
INCREASED
ENERGY
EFFICIENCY
INITIATE ENERGY AUDITS & RENEWABLE
OPPORTUNITIES ASSESSMENTS
MassDEP negotiated with five investor-owned
electric and gas utilities and Cape Light Compact
to provide audit assistance at all 14 facilities, with
the goal of quantifying energy uses and costs,
and identifying potential reductions or savings
through conservation.These utility partners
agreed to fund energy audits covering electric,
natural gas, and fuel oil usage. Up to $10,000 was
funded per facility, including a 50/50 cost share
on additional funding required for a requested
higher-level audit.
As part of the program, each facility will receive
an EPA "Energy Star Benchmarking"energy
performance score. This will provide an initial
screening of the facilities, as well as an ongoing
tracking measure to compare their energy
performance against similar facilities nationwide.
To address the pilot's renewable energy
objectives, MassDEP also collaborated with the
Massachusetts Technology Collaborative (MTC),
which provided free preliminary screenings for
renewable power generation opportunities in
regard to pursuing wind power, bio-energy, solar,
microturbines, or other sources of renewable
energy at the pilot program facilities.
COLLABORATION WITH U.S. EPA
The Office of Wastewater Management and
EPA Region 1 have been working with utilities
in Masschusetts to promote development of
energy management systems based on EPA's
Energy Management Guidebook for Wastewater
and Water Utilities developed in 2008. EPA
sponsored two workshops in Massachusetts and
Connecticut to introduce utilities to the steps
outlined in the guidebook, which are based on
the Plan-Do-Check-Act framework embodied in
environmental management systems (EMS).
EPA, working with MassDEP, extended to all
14 facilities the opportunity to participate in
an energy management roundtable with the
goal of developing and implementing energy
management plans based on EPA's Plan, Do,
Check, Act framework.
An average of nine facilities and 20-25 staff
attended five roundtable workshops throughout
the year. The workshops were designed to
provide technical information on energy
efficiency, and allow operators to discuss
application of EPA assessment tools, as well as
share common problems and individual success
stories. The Roundtable included site visits to map
each facility's progress in developing an Energy
Management Plan.
"The roundtable discussions provided
the Town ofEaston with a variety of
insights for operating our water supply
more efficiently through discussions
with our peers from the 14 pilot facilities.
Our participation in this program has
resulted in our receipt of a 50kw solar
photovoltaic system at an Easton Water
Division Facility, which will save our
community hundreds of thousands
of dollars in installation costs and
thousands of dollars in energy savings
for many years to come."
Wayne P. Southworth, Director
Town ofEaston, Dept. of Public Works
IDENTIFY FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES
The cost of implementing thefirst phase of this
pilot program totals $326,000, with the funding
coming from the utilities'energy efficiency
incentive programs and the DOER Energy
Audit prog ram.
The pilot has also brought together sources of
funds to support implementation of the identified
conservation and renewable energy projects
at these facilities, including MTC Renewable
Energy Trust grants, State Revolving Fund/ARRA
assistance, and energy efficiency incentive funds
from participating electric and gas partners.
Through these sources, all original 14 pilot
program projects, totalling $45.8 million, and an
additional seven green infrastructure projects,
$22.8 million, were fully funded. All projects are
scheduled to begin by January 2010.
&EPA
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Case Study
www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
RESULTS ^s Part°f Governor Patrick's Massachusetts
Recovery Plan to secure the state's economic
and clean energy future, the State Revolving
Loan Fund will utilize federal American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funds
to finance 21 "Green Infrastructure"drinking
water and wastewater projects.
In total, over $5.0 million of annual energy
savings are anticipated to be achieved
through energy efficiency ($2.8M) and
on-site clean energy power generation
($2.6M). Over 29 million kilowatt hours are
estimated to be saved annually through
project implementation (equivalent to
powering 3,450 average sized homes) and
22,000 tons of carbon dioxide emission
reductions will result annually from these
green infrastructure investments.
Once fully implemented, the renewable
projects are anticipated to generate over
10,000 kilowatts (10 megawatts) of clean
power to the water sector:
• Up to 5,175 kilowatts (5.175 megawatts)
of new solar photovoltaic;
• Up to 4,860 kilowatts (4.860 megawatts)
of new wind power at two wastewater
treatment plants in Cape Cod and one large
MWRA wastewater pumping station;
• Up to 344 kilowatts (.344 megawatts) of
Combined Heat & Power (CHP) that will
recapture methane biogas from wastewater
sludge digestion to optimize on-site electric
power generation and heat recovery; and
• Up to 255 kilowatts (.255 megawatts) of
new hydroelectric power at three drinking
water treatment plants.
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www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
RESULTS
WASTEWATER
DRINKING WATER
MA Energy Pilot (Phase 1)— 14 Sites
Facility Breakdown— (Annual Saving Estimates)
_ . , „ . Energy T4.ii TJru Est. CO2 Green Power
„ . „ . Total Cost „„. . yy Total kWh „ , . . „
Est. Costs _ . Efficiency _ . Reductions Generation
Savings „ . y Savings .. . ,, ....
3 Savings 3 (tons) (kW)
Barnstable Wastewater
Treatment
Charles River Pollution
Control District
Falmouth Wastewater
Treatment (*Wind 1—
Town Funded) (Wind II—
ARRA Funded)
Greater Lawrence
Sanitary District
Lowell Regional
Wastewater
Pittsfield Wastewater
Treatment
Upper Blackstone
Water Pollution
Control District
Totals
$7,550,000
$895,000
» $4,592,000
(Wind 1)
$5,300,000
(Wind II)
$4,535,000
$4,559,500
$14,550,000
$2,053,000
•$39,752,500
$128,939(50%)
$101,599(22%)
$508,000 (293%)
$312,000(133%)
(Wind II)
$1,473,270(49%)
$82,087 (5.5%)
$559,428 (84%)
$128,381 (5%)
$3,403,904
$35,000(13%)
$97,955 (21.5%)
$0 (Major facility
upgrade in 2005)
$1,417,470(47%)
$78,027 (5%)
$179,393(25%)
$50,381 (3%)
$1,868,226
(55%)
850,000
705,300
4,235,000
2,500,000
4,909,052
557,444
4,255,737
831,515
18,954,158
812
558
3,131 (2 wind
turbines — Wind
l&ll)
5,335
415
3,252
535
14,159
1, 000 kW (solar&
wind)
Up to 20 kW (solar)
3,1 50 kW (2 wind
turbines Wind l&ll)
Upto410kW
(solar)
Up to 30 kW
(solar) Green Roofs
(32,000 sq ft)
l,770kW (solar &
biomass-CHP)
Up to 400 kW
(solar)
6,780
* Note: Wind Project"!" is town -funded; the estimated total costs of $4,692,000 is not included in the ARRA/SRF financial assistance totals.
m 4. i r 4. Energy m *. i i UTU Est- CO2 Green Power
T, 4. „ 4. Total Cost _„. . yy Total kWh _ , . . „
Est. Costs „ . Efficiency „ . Reductions Generation
Savings „ . Savings .. . ,, ....
3 Savings 3 (tons) (kW)
Ashland Howe Street
Water Treatment
Easton Water Division
Falmouth Long Pond
Water Treatment
Lee Water Treatment
New Bedford —
Quittacus Water
Treatment
Townsend Water
Treatment
Worcester Water
Treatment
Totals
$485,353
$350,000.00
*$228,052
$801,000
$2,590,000
$325,000
$1,434,000
$6,091,353
$75,428 (52%)
$9,000 (5%)
$52,352 (35%)
$34,177(105%)
$49,840 (9%)
$13,558(40%)
$75,724 (25%)
$310,179
$57,328 (55%)
$0
$49,552 (34%)
$7,925 (25%)
$25,000 (4%)
$5,000(15%)
$28,492 (9%)
$183,398(59%)
194,454
50,000
278,200
200,940
155,000/1,783
MMBTU
73,844
553,152
1,525,600
229
45
213
153
155
55
423
1,285
Up to 45 kW (solar)
Up to 50 kW (solar)
Up to 1 5 kW (solar)
Up to 105 kW (solar
& hydroelectric)
Uptol38kW
(solar)
Up to 40 kW (solar)
Up to 150 kW (solar
& hydroelectric)
553
Sub Totals: (14 sites)
Wastewater & Water
$45,843,853
$3,714,083
2,051,624(55%)
20,479,758
15,444
7,333
* Note: Includes $123,062 in energy efficiency upgrades (VFD retrofitting) funded by Cape Light Compact in 2006-2007.
&EPA
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Case Study
www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
RESULTS
WASTEWATER
DRINKING WATER
MA SRF 2009 Additional Green Project Reserve Facilities—7 Sites
Facility Breakdown—(Annual Saving Estimates)
Est. Costs
Total Cost
Savings
Total kWh
Savings
Est. CO2
Reductions
(tons)
Green Power
Generation
(kW)
Fairhaven Wastewater
Treatment
Newburyport
Wastewater Treatment
MWRA Deer Island
Treatment Facility
MWRA DeLauri
Pump Station
(Charlestown MA)
Totals
$7,875,000
$3,055,000
$735,000
$4,750,000
$16,416,000
$400,000
$144,200
$33,000
$400,000
$977,200
2,584,319
528,000
215,000
3,000,000
6,428,319
2,000
589
155
2,294
5,048
Up to 287 (solar,
biomass — CHP,
geothermal)
Up to 55 kW (solar)
Up to 180 kW
(solar)
1, 500 kW (wind)
2,032
" Note: Wind Project "I" is town-funded; the estimated total costs of $4,692,000 is not included in the ARRA/SRF financial assistance totals.
Est. Costs
Total Cost
Savings
Total kWh
Savings
Est. CO2 Green Power
Reductions Generation
(tons) (kW)
MWRA Loring Road
MWRA John J.Carroll
Water Treatment Plant
Chelmsford Water
District (Crooked Spring
Road) Facility
Totals
$1,525,000
•$5,100,000
($1,050,000
ARRA funded)
$3,783,000
$6,358,000
$144,000
$108,000
$84,000
$336,000
1,200,000
720,000
498,550
2,418,560
917
575
280
1,773
200
(hydroelectric)
UptoSOOkW
(solar)
Upto459kW
(solar)
1,269
* Note: A total of $1,050,000 of ARRA/SRF funds will be used to help subsidize the project.
Sub Totals: (7 sites)
Wastewater & Water
$22,774,000
$1,313,200
8,846,879
6,821
3,301
Grand Totals:
(21 sites)
Wastewater & Water
$68,617,853
$5,027,283
29,326,637
22,265
10,634
&EPA
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Case Study
www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
XAKING According to MassDEP, the following projects
identified by this pilot program are slated for
development and implementation.
Solar: All participating facilities will potentially
be installing new solar photovoltaic (PV)
systems expecting to generate 5.1 Megawatts of
renewable power—increasing the state's current
solar capacity by 40%.
Over four megawatts of solar energy will
be installed through the Massachusetts
Solar Stimulus (MaSS) Program—a new and
innovative statewide procurement that will save
communities money and help build the clean
energy sector in Massachusetts.
Wind: A total of 3,360 kW of new wind power will
be installed at two wastewater treatment plants
inCapeCod(Falmouth 3,150—two turbines 1,650
and 1,500 kW, and Barnstable up to 210 kW).
Other energy projects: Include installation of
new hydropower, combined heat and power
system, and $6 million of efficiency upgrades
to these plants (e.g., installation of variable
speed drives, premium motors, operational
improvements, HVAC, lighting) expected
to save approximately $2 million per year.
Clean Power: Anticipated energy savings and
clean energy generation from these projects is
equivalent to powering 3,450 homes.
Expected Savings and Green Power: The
Pittsfield wastewater treatment plant expects
to reduce annual electricity costs by 75-85%—
saving nearly $700,000 annually. The Falmouth
wastewater treatment plant will be using 100%
wind power to clean its wastewater. In total,
the two new wind turbines will offset 40% of
Falmouth's municipal electricity costs. The Lee
drinking water plant is expected to be "net zero"—
producing 100% of its electric needs through
on-site renewable power and maximizing
energy efficiency.
If the targeted energy reductions of this pilot are
achieved and expanded throughout the entire
municipal wastewater and water utility sector
in Massachussetts, the result would be a total
annual reduction of approximately 200,000 tons
of carbon dioxide (CO2), 760,000 pounds of sulfur
dioxide (SO2), and 250,000 pounds of nitrogen
oxide (NOx).
CONCLUSION
The Massachusetts Energy Management Pilot is an example of achieving fiscal, operational, and
environmental benefits through evaluation of a community's municipal water and wastewater
opportunities to save money and reduce environmental impacts through more sustainable energy
management practices and projects. EPA believes the approach employed in this pilot project can be
applied and replicated within drinking water and wastewater facilities across the country, helping to
ensure a more efficient, sustainable, and resource-conscious future.
For more information on this pilot program and resources on identifying approaches to
achieving greater utility energy efficiency in your community, please visit:
www.mass.gov/dep/water/wastewater/empilot.htm
Or contact MassDEP Project Manager, Michael DiBara, at (508) 767-2885 or email: Michael.dibara@state.ma.us
www.epa.gov/waterinfra structure/bettermanagement_energy.html
Or contact Linda Darveau, EPA Region 1 contact, at (617) 918-1718 or email: darveau.linda@epa.gov
EPA-832-F-09-014 | December 2009
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