PPA  Proposed  Changes to EPA's Compliance
             Criteria  for the Recertification  of the
United States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
                          Isolation  Pilot Plant
                 s part of EPA's ongoing regulatory role at
                 the WIPP, we are undertaking activities to
             improve and update the requirements we use
             to determine WIPP's safety. This fact sheet pro-
             vides an overview of the proposed changes and
             identifies opportunities for public input.

            What are the WIPP Compliance
            Criteria?
             + In February 1996, EPA issued the final
             Compliance Criteria for the WIPP (40 CFR Part
             194). We use these criteria to determine
             whether the WIPP complies with our radioac-
             tive waste disposal regulations.

             + In May 1998, EPA certified that the WIPP met
             our WIPP disposal regulations and  could safely
             contain TRU waste. This decision was based on
             our independent technical evaluation of DOE's
             plans for the WIPP and on public input.
                   Compliance Criteria establish the require-
             ments for the format and content of the compli-
             ance application. The Compliance Criteria also
             establish requirements for, among many other
             activities:

               f^ reporting changes at WIPP to EPA;
               f^ inspecting waste generating sites; and
               t" predicting the performance of WIPP using
                  computer modeling.
              Abbreviations
              DOE:  U.S. Department of Energy

              EPA:   U.S. Environmental Protection
                     Agency

              TRU:  transuranic (radioactive waste)

              WIPP:  Waste Isolation Pilot Plant
                                                       These criteria continue to guide EPA's ongoing
                                                       regulatory role at WIPP—including site inspec-
                                                       tions and for the recertification decision in 2004.
                                                       Our Compliance Criteria and radioactive waste
                                                       disposal regulations are posted to our WIPP
                                                       web site.
                                                     Why is EPA Proposing Changes to
                                                     the WIPP Compliance Criteria?
                                                       Our WIPP Compliance Criteria were based on
                                                       the knowledge available to us at the time they
                                                       were finalized in 1996. Since our initial certifi-
                                                       cation, EPA has conducted many independent
                                                       technical reviews and inspections of WIPP
                                                       and DOE's TRU waste facilities  around the
                                                       United States to verify compliance with our
                                                       WIPP disposal  regulations. Based on this
                                                       experience, we have determined that the
                                                       processes dealing with inspections for the
                                                       approval of TRU waste facilities in our
                                                       Compliance Criteria should be updated. We
                                                       want to apply this experience to improve our
                                                       regulation of the WIPP.

                                                     What Portions of the Compliance
                                                     Criteria  will be Changed?
                                                       EPA is proposing the following changes:

                                                       * Change the waste characterization program
                                                       approval process to add flexibility and to focus
                                                       our oversight efforts where they will be most
                                                       effective. The change will enable EPA to issue a
                                                       single approval  of each site's program, followed
                                                       by ongoing EPA inspections and reporting of
                                                       important changes by DOE.

                                                       * Change the focus of our public comment
                                                       process to highlight  EPA's proposed decisions
                                                       on site waste characterization programs instead
                                                       of focusing on plans and procedures prepared
                                                       by DOE.
                                                            a streamlined process to address minor
                                                       changes to the Compliance Criteria.

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                                             Proposed Changes to EPA's Compliance Criteria for the Recertification of the WIPP
Regulatory Dockets
Locations

   These dockets contain the
   information used by EPA
in carrying out its WIPP rule-
making responsibilities.

US EPA Air Docket
Waterside Mall Room M1500
401 M St. SW
Washington, DC 20460
(202) 260-7548
(all dockets)

Carlsbad Public Library
101 S. Halagueno
Carlsbad, NM 88220
(505) 885-6776
(all dockets)

Zimmerman Library
Government Publications
University of New Mexico
Albuquerque, NM 87131
(505) 277-5441
(all dockets)

Fogelson Library
College of Santa Fe
1600 St. Michaels Drive
Santa Fe, NM 87505
(505) 473-6576
(Docket A-93-02 only; EPA's
WIPP Certification Decision)

New Mexico State Library
1209 Cammo Carlos Rey
Santa Fe, NM 87505
(505)476-9717
(Docket A-98-49 only; EPA's
WIPP Hecertification Decision)
  + Allow for the non-paper submission (such as
  a compact disc) of compliance applications and
  reference materials to facilitate review by EPA
  and the public.
  + Replace the term "process knowledge" with
  "acceptable knowledge."
  These proposed changes will have no effect on
  the technical approach we use during our inde-
  pendent inspections to evaluate a site's waste
  characterization capabilities. They also will not
  lessen  the requirements the site must meet to
  demonstrate compliance with our Compliance
  Criteria. These provisions will add flexibility and
  clarify minor portions of the rule while continu-
  ing to be protective of public health and the
  environment.

How Can  the Public be Involved?
  The process EPA will follow is:
  + Issue a notice of the proposed changes in the
  Federal Register — Spring 2002. This notice will
  also be posted on our WIPP Web Page at:
  www.epa.gov/radiation/wipp and announced on
         a 120-day public comment period on
  the proposed changes — Summer 2002
  + Hold public hearings in New Mexico on the
  proposed changes — Summer 2002
  + Publish final changes in the Federal
  Register— Fall 2002
  EPA invites the public to review the proposed
  changes to  the Compliance Criteria and submit
  comments to EPA during the 120-day comment
 period. Dates for the public comment period
 will be announced on our WIPP Web Site and
 WIPP Information Line. We will hold public
 hearings in New Mexico to receive additional
 input from the public. All relevant information
 received from the public within the 120-day
 comment period will be considered before we
 make our final decision. When  we publish our
 final decision, we will also  develop a "Response
 to Comments" document and other documents
 that will be posted to our WIPP Web Site.
What is EPA's Role in Regulating
the WIPP?
 The WIPP Land Withdrawal Act gave EPA regu-
 latory authority over many of  DOE's WlPP-relat-
 ed activities for the operational  lifetime of the
 facility, approximately 35 years. The first waste
 for disposal was received at WIPP in March
 1999. EPA must recertify WIPP's continued
 compliance every five years; the first recertifica-
 tion decision will occur in 2004.

 The WIPP is  the nation's first geologic facility
 designed for permanent disposal of TRU  radioac-
 tive waste that was generated as a result of
 U.S. defense activities. The majority of TRU
 waste consists of clothing, rags, glassware,
 sludges, and equipment that were contaminated
 with americium, plutonium  and other radioactive
 elements. The WIPP is located  2,100 feet under-
 ground in natural salt formations outside
 Carlsbad,  New Mexico. TRU waste is currently
 stored at 23  locations nationwide. Over its 35-
 year operational period, WIPP is expected to
 receive about 37,000 shipments of waste.
                                    For Further Information on EPA's WIPP Activities
                                        Please Call the WIPP Information Line
                                               or visit our website at:
                               http://www.epa.gov/radiation/wipp
            United States Environmental Protection Agency I Office of Air and Radiation (6608J) I EPA-402-F-02-015 I June 2002

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