United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
November, 1998
Air
Quality Assurance Guidance
Document
Method Compendium
Field Standard Operating Procedures
for the
PM2 5 Performance Evaluation Program
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Foreword
The intent of this document is to describe and to provide detailed standard operating procedures
(SOPs) for the field activities of the PM2 5 Federal Reference Method (FRM) Performance
Evaluation Program (PEP).
The document was developed with the assistance of the various workgroups that will be
responsible for implementing or overseeing the field aspects of the PEP, as well as State and local
organizations that have a vested interest in the quality of routine ambient air monitoring data. The
personnel involved in these workgroups are listed in the acknowledgments.
This document is accessible as a PDF file on the Internet on the Ambient Monitoring Technology
Information Center (AMTIC) Bulletin Board under the PM2 5 QA area
(http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pmqa.htmn. The document can be read and printed using Adobe
Acrobat Reader software, freeware available from many Internet sites, including the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) web site. The Internet version is write-protected.
Hardcopy versions are available by writing or calling:
David Musick
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
MD-14
RTF, NC 27711
(919-541-2396)
Email:musick.david@epa.gov
The document mentions trade names or brand names. Mention of corporation names,
trade names, or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use.
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FRM Performance Evaluation Field SOPs
Date: November, 1998
Contents
Section
Forward
Contents
Acknowledgments
Acronyms and Abbreviations
Tables and Figures
0 Introduction
1 Overview of FRM Performance Evaluation Field
Activities
2. Planning and Preparing for Site Visits
Equipment Inventory and Storage
Communications
Site Visit Preparation
3 Cassette Receipt, Storage and Handling
4 Sampler Transport and Placement
5 Sampler Assembly and Maintenance
Sampler Assembly/Disassembly
Sampler Maintenance and Cleaning
6 Verifications
Leak Check Procedures
Barometric Pressure Verification
Temperature Verification
Flow Rate Verification
7 Calibrations
Pressure Calibration
Temperature Calibration
Flow Calibration
8 Sample Filter Handling
Conducting the Filter Exposure
Filter Sample and Data Retrieval
Filter Packing and Shipment
9 Filter Chain-of-Custody and Field Data Sheet
10 Quality Assurance Quality Control
1 1 Information Retention
Appendices
A Glossary
B Data Qualifiers/Flags
C Data Forms
SOP Number Page Revision
ii
iii
iv
V
vi
1
PEPF-1.01 1
PEPF-2.01 1
PEPF-2.02 1
PEPF-2.03 1
PEPF-3.01 1
PEPF-4.01 1
PEPF-5.01 1
PEPF-5.02 1
PEPF-6.01
PEPF-6.02
PEPF-6.03
PEPF-6.04
PEPF-7.01
PEPF-7.02
PEPF-7.03
PEPF-8.01
PEPF-8.02
PEPF-8.03
PEPF-9.01 1
PEPF-10.01 1
PEPF-11.01 1
1
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FRM Performance Evaluation Field SOPs
Date: November, 1998
A cknowledgments
This compendium of standard operating procedures (SOPs) is the product of the combined efforts of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS), the
EPA National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), the EPA Regional Offices, and State and local
organizations. The initial development of this material comes from James Flanagan and Gary Eaton of
Research Triangle Institute. The review of the material found in this document was accomplished through
the activities of the PM25 QA Workgroup and the Environmental Services Assistance Team (ESAT)
Workgroup. The following individuals are acknowledged for their contributions.
State and Local Organizations
George Apgar, State of Vermont, Waterbury, VT
Randy Dillard, Jefferson County Department of Health, Birmingham AL
Kevin Goohs, Gordon Pierce, and Pat McGraw, CO Dept. of Public Health & Environment, Denver, CO
Alice Westerinen, Russell Grace, and Tom Pomales, California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA
Jeff Miller, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Harrisburg, PA
Richard Heffern, State of Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, Juneau, AK
Dan Harman, North Dakota Department of Health, Bismarck, ND
Dave Wallenberg, STAPPA/ALAPCO
EPA Regions
Region
1 Norman Beloin, Mary Jane Cuzzupe, Tony Palermo
2 Clinton Cusick, Dick Coleates
3 Victor Guide, Theodore Erdman, Fred Foreman
4 Jerry Burger, Herb Barden, Mike Birch
5 Mary Ann Suero, Gordon Jones, Mike Rizzo, Basim Dihu, Jay Thakkar
6 Mary Kemp, Mark Sather, Kuenja Chung, Timothy Dawson, Ruth Tatom, Melvin Ritter
7 Leland Grooms, Mike Davis, Shane Munsch, Harold Brown
8 Ron Heavner, Gordan MacRae, Joe Delwiche, Barbara Daboll
9 Mathew Plate, Manny Aquitania, Bob Pallarino, Rose Fong
10 Barrry Towns, Karen Marasigan, Bill Puckett, Gerald Dodo
National Exposure Research Laboratory
Frank McElroy, David Gemmill
ESAT Organization
Monica McEaddy, Kathleen Engel, Angela Edwards, Colleen Walling, Sam Jamison
Research Triangle Institute
James B. Flanagan, Gary Eaton, Robert Wright, Steve O'Brien
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Tim Hanley, David Musick
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FRM Performance Evaluation Field SOPs
Date: November, 1998
A crony ms and A bbreviations
AIRS Aerometric Information Retrieval System
APTI Air Pollution Training Institute
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CMD Contracts Management Division
CO Contracting Officer
COC chain of custody
CS Contracting Specialist
DAS data acquisition system
DQA data quality assessment
DQOs data quality objectives
EDO environmental data operation
EMAD Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ESAT Environmental Services Assistance Team
FEM Federal Equivalent Method
FRM Federal Reference Method
FS field scientist- Performance Evaluation Program
GLP good laboratory practice
LA laboratory analyst (ESAT contractor)
LAN local area network
MQAG Monitoring and Quality Assurance Group
MQOs measurement quality objectives
NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NAMS national air monitoring station
NERL National Exposure Research Laboratory
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
ORD Office of Research and Development
PC personal computer
PE performance evaluation
PEP Performance Evaluation Program
PM2 5 particulate matter < 2.5 microns
PO Project Officer (headquarters)
PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
QA quality assurance
QAPP quality assurance project plan
QA/QC quality assurance/quality control
QMP quality management plan
RPO Regional Project Officer
SLAMS state and local monitoring stations
SOP standard operating procedure
SOW statement or scope of work
STAG State and Tribal Air Grants
TSA technical systems audit
WAM Work Assignment Manager
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FRM Performance Evaluation Field SOPs
Date: November, 1998
Tables
Number SOP Page
0- Required Reading for the Performance Evaluation Program 0 7
2- Equipment and Supplies 2.01 3
2- ESAT Contacts 2.02 9
2- Implementation Summary 2.03 6
5- Summary of PM2.5 Sampler Maintenance Activities 5.02 3
10-1 Field Quality Control Checks 10.01 2
11-1 PM2.5 Reporting Package Information 11.01 2
11-2 Field Measurements 11.01 4
Figures
Number SOP Page
0.1 Definition of independent assessment 0 3
0.2 Performance Evaluation Program implementation summary 0 4
1.1 Field activities in relation to SOPs 1.01 5
2.1 Line of Communication 2.02 2
2.1 Critical filter holding times 2.03 5
4.1 Back of main unit 4.01 4
4.2 Travel case No. 1 with legs 4.01 4
4.3 Travel case No. 2 for inlet and accessories 4.01 5
4.4 Travel case No. 3 for Gill screen and accessories 4.01 6
5.1 BGIPQ200A sampler, legs installed 5.01 4
5.2 Back of main unit 5.01 10
5.3 Travel case No. 2 for inlet and accessories 5.01 11
5.4 Travel case No. 3 for Gill screen and accessories 5.01 12
5.5 Exploded view inlet unit 5.01 13
5.6 BGIPQ200A Sampler with filter chamber open 5.01 14
5.7 BGI PQ200A Sampler with filter chamber closed 5.01 14
5.8 Exploded view of PM2.5 Impactor Well (WINS) and filter holder assembly 5.01 15
5.1 Exploded view inlet unit 5.02 6
6.1 Flow rate adapter 6.01 5
8.1 Filter cassette equipment and filter cassette in antistatic sample bag 8.01 4
8.2 Sampler control panel 8.01 7
8.1 Datatrans 8.0.2 8
-VI-
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
Date: 11/22/98
Revision No :1
Page: Iof8
0 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this section is to provide the ESAT field scientist (FS) with background information on the
PM2 5 program and the Federal Reference Method Performance Evaluation Program (PEP) as an
introduction to standard operating procedures (SOPs) for field personnel involved in the PEP.
PM2 5 Program
In general, the measurement goal of the PM2 5 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Program is to estimate the
concentration, in units of micrograms per cubic meter (jWg/m3), of particulates of aerodynamic diameters
less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers (/^m) that have been collected on a 46.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE) filter. In order to understand the size of 2.5 //m, a human hair is approximately 50 ^m in diameter.
One major objective for the collection of the data is to compare PM2 5 concentrations to the annual (15.0
yWg/m3 annual arithmetic mean concentration) and 24-hour (65 yWg/m3 24-hour average concentration)
National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). A description of the NAAQS and its calculation can be
found in the July 18, 1997 Federal Register notice. In addition, Appendix L of 40 Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) part 50 also provides the following summary of the measurement principle:
An electrically powered air sampler draws ambient air at a constant volumetric flow rate into a
specially shaped inlet and through an inertial particle size separator (impactor) where the suspended
paniculate matter in the PM2 5 size range is separated for collection on a polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE) filter over the specified sampling period. The air sampler and other aspects of this reference
method are specified either explicitly in this appendix or generally with reference to other applicable
regulations or quality assurance guidance.
Each filter is weighed (after moisture and temperature equilibration) before and after sample collection
to determine the net weight (mass) gain due to collected PM2 5. The total volume of air sampled is
determined by the sampler from the measured flow rate at actual ambient temperature and pressure
and the sampling time. The mass concentration of PM2 5 in the ambient air is computed as the total
mass of collected particles in the PM2 5 size range divided by the actual volume of air sampled, and is
expressed in micrograms per actual cubic meter of air (^g/m3).
The Federal Reference Method Performance Evaluation Program
Because the data for the State and local air monitoring stations and national air monitoring stations
(SLAMS/NAMS) network are used for NAAQS comparisons, the quality of these data is very important.
Therefore, a quality system has been developed to control and evaluate the quality of data in order to make
NAAQS determinations within an acceptable level of confidence. During the development of the PM25
NAAQS, the EPA used the data quality objective (DQO) process to determine the allowable measurement
system imprecision and bias that would not significantly affect a decision-maker's ability to compare
pollutant concentrations to the NAAQS. The precision requirement (10%CV) and bias requirement
(+10%) are based on total measurement uncertainty, which incorporates errors coming from all phases
(field sampling, handling, analysis, and so on) of the measurement process. The collocated samples
provide adequate estimates of precision. The FRM performance evaluation (PE), if properly implemented,
can provide the bias estimate.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
Date: 11/22/98
Revision No :1
Page: 2 of 8
The PEP is a quality assurance (QA) activity that will be used to evaluate measurement system bias of the
PM2 5 monitoring network. The pertinent regulations for this PE are found in 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix
A, Section 3.5.3. The strategy is to collocate a portable FRM PM25 air sampling instrument within 1 to 4
meters of a routine NAMS/SLAMS PM2 5 air monitoring instrument, operate both monitors, and then
compare the results.
The implementation of the FRM PE is a State/local responsibility. However, due to a number of comments
made during the review period for the December 13, 1997, PM2 5 NAAQS proposal, the Agency assessed
the FRM PEP and consequently made the following revisions:
> modified the system to include an independent FRM PE,
* reduced the burden of this program by changing the audit frequency from all sites to 25% of the
PM2 5 sites,
* reduced the audit frequency from six times a year to four times a year; and
> made allowances to shift the implementation burden from the State and local agencies to the
Federal government.
A PE is defined as a type of audit in which the quantitative data generated in a measurement system are
obtained independently and compared with routinely obtained data to evaluate the proficiency of the an
analyst or laboratory. In the case of the PEP, the goal is to evaluate total measurement system bias, which
includes measurement uncertainties from both field and laboratory activities. Independent assessment
(Figure 0.1) was defined by the PM2 5 QA Workgroup to ensure that the appropriate level of independence
is maintained during State and local implementation of the PEP.
The goal of the PM25 program is to establish a national monitoring network by December 31, 1999. Sites
in the network will include those using FRM/FEM samplers, sites employing continuous analyzers,
chemical speciation sites, visibility measurement sites, and special-purpose monitoring sites. Each year
25% of the SLAMS/NAMS monitors will be identified for PEs at a frequency of 4 times per year.
During the months of August through October, 1997 the EPA discussed the possibility of Federal
Implementation of the PEP with the EPA Regions, SAMWG and various State and local organizations
(NESCAUM, MARAMA, WESTAR, individual organizations). The majority of the responses from these
organization were towards federal implementation of the PEP.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
Date: 11/22/98
Revision No :1
Page: 3 of 8
Independent assessment - An assessment performed by a qualified individual, group, or
organization that is not part of the organization directly performing and accountable for the work
being assessed. This auditing organization must not be involved with the generation of the
routine ambient air monitoring data. An organization can conduct the FRM Performance
Evaluation if it can meet the above definition and has a management structure that, at a
minimum, allows for the separation of its routine sampling personnel from its auditing personnel
by two levels of management, as illustrated in Figure 1. In addition, the pre and post sample
weighing of audit filters must be performed by separate laboratory facility using separate
laboratory equipment. Field and laboratory personnel would be required to meet the FRM
Performance Audit field and laboratory training and certification requirements.
Organization
3rd Level
Supervision
Organization
2nd Level
Supervision
Organization
2nd Level
Supervision
Organization
1st Level
Supervision
Organization
1st Level
Supervision
Organization
1st Level
Supervision
Organization
1st Level
Supervision
Organization
Personnel
QA Lab Analysis
Organization
Personnel
QA Field Sampling
Organization
Personnel
Routine Lab Analysis
Organization
Personnel
Routine Field Sampling
Figure 1
Organizations planning to implement the FRM Performance Evaluation must submit a plan
demonstrating independence to the EPA Regional Office responsible for overseeing quality
assurance related activities for the ambient air monitoring network.
Figure 0.1. Definition of independent assessment.
EPA investigated potential contracting mechanisms to help implement this activity and will use the ESAT
contract currently in place in each Region to provide the necessary field and laboratory activities. Each
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
Date: 11/22/98
Revision No :1
Page: 4 of 8
EPA Region will implement the field component of this activity, while Regions 4 and 10 will also operate
the laboratory component.
The FRM PEP can be segregated into a field component and a laboratory component. The following
information provides a brief description of these activities. Figure 0.2 provides a basic description of the
PEP in five steps:
1. EPA will send filters to Region 4 and 10 laboratories, where they will be checked, equilibrated,
labeled, weighed, and prepared for the field.
2. Regions 4 and 10 will ship the filters and accompanying chain of custody (COC) forms to the
Regions.
3. The field scientists (FS) will take the filters, field data sheets, and COC Forms to the field and
operate the portable sampler.
4. The FS will send the filter, data (diskette), field data sheets and COC Forms back to the
appropriate laboratory (as well as keep a set of data and records).
5. Region 4 and 10 laboratories will equilibrate /weigh filters, validate data and upload information to
Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS).
Field Activities:
The FRM portable audit samplers will be used in a collocated manner to perform the evaluations. These
samplers have been approved by EPA as a FRM and are designed to be durable, rugged, and capable of
frequent transport. These samplers are constructed in modules, with each module weighing no more than
40 Ib. The total weight of the sampler itself must not be more than 120 Ib. Although these samplers have
been specifically designed to
perform these evaluations,
precautions must be taken to
ensure the quality of the data.
Specific detailed instructions can
be found in the PEP Quality
Assurance Project Plan (QAPP)
and the standard operating
procedures (SOPs). A brief
summary of the field activities
follows:
*. One fully trained field
scientist will transport a
portable PM2 5 FRM
performance evaluation
sampling device to an
established PM2 5 site,
which shall be located at any
of the SLAMS/NAMS sites
within each EPA Region.
*. The field scientist will
assemble the instrument,
Regions 1-10
Field Work
3O
Field
Region 4 & 10 Lab
Figure 0.2. Performance Evaluation Program implementation summary.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
Date: 11/22/98
Revision No :1
Page: 5 of 8
collocate the sampler, perform a verification/ calibration following the SOPs, install a filter, and
operate the instrument following EPA requirements (midnight to midnight).
*. If scheduling allows, the field scientist will leave this location to set up an additional 24-hour PE at
another routine sampling location. If the schedule does not allow for another set up, the field
scientist may perform additional activities at the site. The field scientist may also perform any
required maintenance or repair of the portable PM25 sampling device followed by a calibration
verification.
*. The field scientist will return to each site after the 24-hour sampling time, download the stored
electronic monitoring data, remove and properly store the filter for transport, and disassemble the
instrument.
*. The field scientist will properly package the filter, field data sheets, COC Forms and data diskettes
following the SOPs for transport to the predetermined laboratory.
Laboratory Activities:
The FRM PE also requires extensive laboratory activities, including filter handling, equilibration, weighing,
data entry/management and archival. Regions 4 and 10 will develop the laboratories for this program.
Specific detailed instructions will be found in the PEP QAPP and this SOP document. In addition to the
good laboratory practices (GLP) which must be followed, the following activities must also be observed:
> adherence to the vendor's operations manual for the proper operation of the weighing devices; this
includes the proper assembly, transport, calibration, and operation of the microbalances
> adherence to the SOPs for this program
* adherence to the standards, principles, and practices outlined in the PEP QAPP
> completion of the required certification training program
* special attention to any activity involving filter handling (presampling equilibration, weighing,
postsampling equilibration, transport); this area contains the greatest potential for measurement
uncertainty and care must be given to the proper handling of the 46.2 mm Teflon filter used in
thePE
Presampling weighing-
> filters will be received from EPA and examined for integrity based upon EPA approved SOPs.
* filters will be enumerated for data entry.
> filters will be equilibrated and weighed according to SOPs.
* filters will be prepared for field activities or stored according to SOPs.
> the laboratory will develop and maintain shipping/receiving supplies and consumables, including
containers, cold packs, max/min thermometers, and COC requirements/documentation.
Postsampling weighing-
* filters will be received in the laboratory, checked for integrity (damage-temperature, COC), and
logged in
* filters will be archived (cold storage) until ready for weighing
> filters will be brought into the weighing facility and equilibrated for 24 hours (per SOPs)
* filters will be weighed according to SOPs and data entered
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
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Revision No :1
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* field data will be entered into the data entry system in order to calculate a concentration
> filters will be stored in archive for 1 year at 4 ฐC and 2 years at ambient temperature
* required data will be transferred to the AIRS database
Purpose of this Document
The purpose of the FRM PEP field SOPs is to provide detailed procedures to follow when performing the
following field activities:
> Overiew
* Planing/Preparation Equipment inventory/maintenance
> Cassette Receipt/Storage/Handling
* Sampler Transport and Placement
> Sampler Assembly and Maintenance
* Verifications
> Calibrations
* Sample Filter Handling
* Filter COC
* Quality Assurance/Quality Control
* Information Retention
All methods are to be followed completely. Any deviation must be reported in writing and submitted to the
ESAT Work Assignment Manager (WAM). Method improvements are encouraged. If any deviations or
modification offer a more efficient method or technique or serve to maintain or improve data quality,
these proposed changes shall be made in writing to the ESAT WAM.
Each section is written as a stand-alone procedure to assist in training and certification activities and can be
removed from the document and made readily available at the station where the activity takes place. The
SOPs follow the format for technical SOPs outlined in Guidance for the Preparation of Standard
Operating Procedures (SOPs) EPA QA/G-6. The QA/G6 requirements include the following topics:
A. Scope and Applicability
B. Summary of Method
C. Definitions (acronyms, abbreviations and specialized forms used in the SOPs)
D. Health & Safety Warnings
E. Cautions
F. Interferences
G. Personnel Qualifications
H. Apparatus and Materials
I. Instrument or Method Calibration
J. Sample Collection
K. Handling and Preservation
L. Sample Preparation and Analysis
M. Troubleshooting
N. Data Acquisition, Calculations & Data Reduction
O. Computer Hardware & Software
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
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Revision No :1
Page: 7 of 8
P. Data Management & Records Management.
Each method addresses only the topics relevant for that method. The methods are numbered as
follows:
PEPF-X.YY
Where:
PEPF - indicates the Performance Evaluation Program Field SOPs,
X- indicates the section in which the method is found (based on the table of contents), and
YY- indicates the method number.
Prerequisites
Training and Certification
All field personnel funded by the OAQPS PEP work assignment must be trained and certified to perform
the activities. Training and recommendation for certification can be provided by the Regional WAM or by
OAQPS.
Background Reading
Prior to implementing field activities, field personnel are expected to be familiar with the documents listed
in Table 0-1. The knowledge level is rated from 1, having in-depth knowledge, to 5, having a basic
understanding.
Table 0-1. Required Reading for the Performance Evaluation Program
Document
FRM Performance Evaluation Program Field SOPs
FRM Performance Evaluation Program QA Project Plan
Portable Sampler Operating Manuals
FRM Performance Evaluation Program Laboratory SOPs
QA Guidance Document 2.12
FRM Performance Evaluation Program Implementation Plan
PM25 Data Quality Objective Process
QA Hand Book Vol. II Part 1
40 CFR Part 50 Appendix L
40 CFR Part 58 Appendix A
Knowledge
Level
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of the terms used in the PEP. Acronyms and abbreviations can be found in
the front of this compendium.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 0
Section 0
Date: 11/22/98
Revision No :1
Page: 8 of 8
Cautions
Filters
Care in all aspects of filter/cassette handling cannot be overemphasized. The filters used for the PM25
sampler are comparatively small; each filer weighing around 150 mg. Due to the size and weight of the
particles that will be collected on these filters, net weights will be measured in micrograms (jj-g). The loads
on the filter may be anywhere from 10 to 2000 /u,g (83 jWg/m3) with most sample loads around 300 /u,g. In
order to give one a sense of this weight, a 4 cm-long human hair weighs ~312 //g. This average 300 ^g
sample load value represents 0.2% of the weight of the blank filter. In addition, it is expected that the
laboratory analyst (LA) will be able to duplicate weighings of the same filter to within 15 ^g. A single
thumbprint on a filter weighs 15 jWg. It should be apparent that any small loss or gain (i.e., finger oils,
dust) will affect filter weights. Additional details of filter handling are discussed in Section 3.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 1
PEPF-1.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 0 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 1
Overview of FRM Performance Evaluation Field Activities
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 1
PEPF-1.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures
for the PM2 5 FRM Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Overview of FRM Performance Evaluation Field
Activities
SOP: PEPF-1.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Cautions
5. Interferences
6. Personnel Qualifications
7. Equipment and Supplies
8. Procedure
9. References
Page
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
4
6
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 1
PEPF-1.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 6
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to performing field operations for the FRM Performance Evaluation Program (PEP).
This SOP provides an overview of the detailed SOPs that follow. Many of these SOPs apply specifically
to operation of the BGI PQ200A Air Sampler.
2.0 Summary of Method
A PE for determining total bias for PM2 5 collection and gravimetric analysis involves collocating a
portable FRM sampler adjacent to a monitoring site's routine sampler and sampling for a 24-hour period.
The concentrations for the two samplers are then compared in order to assess bias. FRM PEs will be
conducted four times each year at one-fourth (25%) of the sampling sites in a reporting organization and
will begin with those sampler locations documented or expected to have concentrations near the annual
National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for PM25 (40 CFR Part 58, Appendix A, Section 3.5).
The basic operations involved with conducting the field portion of the FRM PEP are described in the SOPs
contained in this document.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Cautions
> To prevent personal injury, all personnel must heed any warnings that are associated with
installation and operation of the PM25 sampler and any supporting equipment and supplies.
Specific health and safety warnings will generally be found at the point in the operating manual or
troubleshooting guide where they are most applicable.
* Because the portable FRM PM25 sampler will be moved from site to site, it is of critical
importance that it be maintained and calibrated as required and that all aspects of its operation be
checked and verified after it is set up at each new site. To function as a reliable standard of
comparison, its operational parameters must be kept within tight control limits. Consequently,
procedures for verifying a portable FRM sampler's calibration and operability are an important
part of the field SOPs.
* The FRM PM2 5 sampler will be installed and dismantled many times in the course of the PE trips.
Caution must be taken to install and maintain the sampler properly to prevent damage. Be
particularly attentive to maintenance of the pump, ensuring the soundness of electrical and
pneumatic connections that will be repeatedly assembled and disassembled and to cleaning of the
interior and exterior surfaces of the inlet and WINS. Pack the sampler components securely for
safe transport by vehicle or by air. Refer to the operations manual for exact instructions for
packing the portable sampler. Immediately after installation, leak checks must be performed and
verification checks of temperature, barometric pressure, and flow rate sensors must be made and
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 1
PEPF-1.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 6
recorded. All necessary corrective actions must be taken before sampling can begin with the
portable FRM device.
The 46.2 -mm PTFE filters used for sampling are especially delicate and easily damaged. Exercise
care in handling new and used filters. Never touch the filter surfaces; handle the filters only by
touching the cassette surfaces. Never remove the filters from their cassettes; this is done only at the
weighing laboratory. If details concerning labeling and transporting of filters are not followed
precisely, errors will result. Rough handling of used filters during packaging or transport may
dislodge PM25 material. Exposed filters must be shipped at approximately < 4 ฐC to reduce
weight loss.
Each manufacturer provides filter cassettes that can be used only with its particular model.
Cassettes will be labeled in a manner that identifies the specific sampler for which they are to be
used. Be certain to use the proper type of cassette for the make and model of FRM device to be
used. Do not intermix the cassettes of various brands or types of samplers.
When the sampler is dismantled, be sure to remove any debris adhering to the base or legs before
storing it for transport. To minimize contamination, pack the base or leg portion of the sampler
separately from the sampler collection module.
Protect all barometers from mechanical shock and sudden changes in pressure. A barometer
subjected to either of these events must be recalibrated.
5.0 Interferences
The interferences associated with this method are those factors that can cause alterations in the weight of
the filter and/or sampled PM25 and alterations to the flow rate of the sampler. A small particle of dust or
pollen, if inadvertently transferred to the filter surface in the sample collection filter enclosure, will alter the
sample weight dramatically. Interferences can be avoided by following these guidelines:
> Avoid handling unexposed or exposed filters in any way that could add or subtract weight. For
example, rough handling could cause weight loss, exposing of the filter to dusts or pollen could
cause weight gain and allowing the face of the filter to touch surfaces could cause either weight
gain or loss.
* Package the filter promptly following a sampling period and return it to the weighing laboratory
within the specified time.
> Some types of particulate matter are somewhat volatile; therefore, exposed filters must be shipped
in a package cooled ideally at or below 4 ฐC to minimize loss of volatile material.
* Ensure proper cleaning of the inlet, downtube, and WINS impactor to avoid any contamination of
the flow devices; use required techniques for the leak check to identify and correct any leaks found
within the flow system.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 1
PEPF-1.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 6
6.0 Personnel Qualifications
All personnel responsible for conducting FRM PEs at field sites must be certified by the U.S. EPA as
completing a required training program. These persons are designated as Field Scientists (FS). During this
training program, the operators of the samplers must successfully complete an extensive, hands-on training
session specified by EPA/OAQPS. A FS must pass both written and performance tests before he or she is
eligible to conduct FRM PEs. These training programs will be conducted as required at locations
throughout the U.S. to ensure all operators of the portable samplers are certified and an adequate number
of PE field scientists are available in each EPA Region. Contact the Regional EPA Office or OAQPS for
more information about training schedules and locations. Supplemental courses such as those offered by
Air Pollution Training Institute (APTI) may be useful in providing general background to personnel with
limited prior experience with air monitoring and/or quality assurance.
The FS shall be prepared to transport the FRM device to various sampling platforms, including the tops of
buildings or distant rural settings. For ease of operations and the safety of the operators, the portable FRM
sampler was designed in sections, with each individual section weighing no more than 40 Ibs. Field
personnel must be able to lift and carry these sections up stairs and/or ladders.
7.0 Equipment and Supplies
Each organization responsible for performing the FRM PE will develop a standard "kit" of equipment,
materials, and supplies suitable for the make(s) and model(s) of portable FRM sampler(s) to be used. The
contents of this "kit" will also be determined by the different requirements of the sites to be visited for FRM
PEs. For example, mounting equipment will, in part, be dictated by how the sites are constructed and where
they are mounted (building roof, wooden platform, concrete pad, and so on).
SOP PEPF-2.01 contains a complete field inventory list and discusses the procedures for field equipment
and resupply. That list of generic equipment and supplies must be translated into a specific checklist of
equipment and materials that can be customized as necessary. Communications between the FS and site
personnel prior to the visit are essential and assist greatly in knowing what will be required at each site.
8.0 Procedures
The FS will perform the following activities as illustrated in Figure 1.1:
1. The FS will receive equipment and consumables, inventory each item and ensure supplies are
adequate to perform field activities.
2. The FS will receive filters from a national laboratory (Region 4 or 10). The FS will confirm receipt
of the filters by informing the laboratory and use them in the order they are received.
3. The FS will assist in developing a plan for the implementation of field activities and gather
pertinent information for each site on a Site Data Sheet.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 1
PEPF-1.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 6
Equipment inventory, communications,
Site visit preparation PEPF-2.01, 2.02, 2.02
Filter cassette receipt, storage,
handling PEPF-3.01
Sampler Transport
PEPF-4.01
I
Filter exposure, collection
hipment PEPF-8.01, 8.02, 8.03"
Verifications/Calibrations
PEPF-6.01 PEPF-7.01
6.02 , 6.03 7.02, 7.03
Sampler assembly
disassembly, maintenance
PEPF-5.01, 5.02, 5.03
Chain of Custody PEPF-9.01
Region 4 or 10 Laboratory
Information retention
PEPF-11.01
Figure 1.1. Field activities in relation to SOPs.
4. The FS will transport the appropriate portable sampling equipment to sites.
5. The FS will assemble the portable sampler, collocate the sampler, perform verifications following
SOPs, install a filter and operate the instrument for 24 hours (midnight to midnight).
6. If scheduling allows, the FS may leave this location to set up an additional 24-hour PE at another
routine sampling location or perform additional activities at the site if so tasked. The FS may also
perform any required maintenance or repair of the portable PM2 5 sampling device.
7. The FS will return to each site after the 24-hour sampling period, remove and properly store the
filter for transport, download the stored electronic monitoring data, enter additional information as
required, and disassemble and pack the sampler.
8. The FS will properly package the filter (i.e., use of ice substitutes), the COC Forms, Field Data
Sheets and diskettes, follow the COC and shipping procedures for transport to the predetermined
laboratory.
9. The FS shall participate in or assist with scheduled quality assurance activities of the FRM PEP.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 1
PEPF-1.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 6
9.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May, 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,
2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Implementation Plan:. PM25 Federal Reference Method
Performance Evaluation Program
4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Part 50 promulgated as 50 FR62138 amendments to
Title 50.
5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Part 58 promulgated as 50 FR62138 amendments to
Title 58.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: Oof 9
Field Standard Operating Procedures
for the PM2 5 FRM Performance Evaluation Program
Section 2.0
Planning and Preparing for a Site Visit
2.01 Equipment Inventory
2.02 Communications
2.03 Site Visit Preparation
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: Iof9
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Equipment Inventory and Storage
SOP: PEPF-2.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Definitions
3. Personnel Qualifications
4. Equipment and Supplies
5. Procedure
Page
2
2
2
2
2
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 9
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP explains the activities involved in inventorying existing laboratory equipment, receiving new
equipment and consumables, and maintaining the equipment.
2.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of the terms that will be used in the PEP.
3.0 Personnel Qualifications
Certification by having passed the written examination and the hands-on practical examination for the
laboratory component in the PM2 5 Federal reference method PE training.
4.0 Equipment and Supplies
The FS will use the following apparatus and materials to perform the procedures in this section:
* Table 2-1 providing a listing of the equipment and consumables needed for the field.
* Field Inventory Form INV-01
> Field Procurement Log PRO-01
5.0 Procedure
5.1 Equipment Inventory
During the summer and fall of 1998, OAQPS purchased the necessary equipment and consumables for the
field activities. Table 2-1 provides a listing of the capital equipment and consumables required. The FS
will follow the procedure below:
1. Select Field Inventory Form INV-01.
2. Take a complete inventory of all equipment and supplies.
3. Keep an original copy and file under AIRP/486. Provide a copy of the inventory to the Work
Assignment Manager (WAM.).
The FS should maintain a 2-months' supply of consumables. During the first weeks of implementation, the
FS will determine how quickly he/she is using consumable equipment and develop a purchasing schedule to
ensure an adequate supply is maintained.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 9
Table 2-1 must be translated into a specific checklist of equipment and materials that can be customized as
necessary. Communications between the FS and site personnel prior to the visit are essential and assist
greatly in knowing what will be required at each site.
Table 2-1. Equipment and Supplies
Qty.
PEP Field Equipment and Supplies
Monitoring Equipment and Supplies
fransport cases for loose equipment/consumables
Back pack frame for carrying samplers
3ortable FRM PM25 sampler(s) with carrying case
3re-weighed 46.2-mm diameter filters in the proper
;assette.
^hain of Custody form for each filter
mpactor oil and dropper
mpactor filters (37 mm diameter glass fiber)
Sample shipping containers (coolers)
nin/max thermometer
;old packs (ice substitutes) 36/box
ilectric transport cooler with 12 volt to ac transformer
"ilter Transport Coolers (6 quart)
Bubble Wrap
7RM Operations manual
"ield notebook(s)
:iipboard (8 x 14")
jrip Binders
)ata Diskettes
Silicone grease for O-rings (Vacuum Grease)
?RM PEP Field SOPs (this document)
documentation forms or data sheets, preprinted
japtop computer with PQ200A job control software)
)atatrans to download data
tables for connecting the data download device to the
3ortable FRM sampler
Magnetic compass or other means of determining site
mentation (optional)
Tape Measure (metric)
Cellular phone
Vendor/Catalog #
Forestry Suppliers/3 1113
Forestry Suppliers/35913
Daigger/AX24081B
Globe Mart/ 56 15-807
Forestry Suppliers /3 11 79
Forestry Suppliers /532S3
Office Depot/50 1-627
Daigger/AX23061A
BGI /DC201
Forestry Suppliers/ 37177
Forestry Suppliers/ 39651
Make/Model #
Collapsible crate
^amp Trails Freighter Frame
Sentry
Utek-lฐC/429
Coleman 16 qt
Rubbermaid 6 pack
Cruiser mate
Presstex
BASF 2HD
Suunto Partner II
Lufkin/W9210ME
/
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 9
Qty.
PEP Field Equipment and Supplies
Mechanical Pencils
Markers (indelible)
Mounting Equipment and Tools
adder, rope for hoisting equipment
Bubble level for checking the portable FRM sampler
Wooden shims or other means for leveling the Portable
?RM sampler
fool box with basic tools
flashlight with spare batteries
leavy-duty, grounded, weatherproof electrical
ixtension cord with multiple outlets (25 ft. length)
leavy-duty, grounded, weatherproof electrical
ixtension cord with multiple outlets (12 ft. length)
Pie-down cables, anchors, plywood sheet, bungee cords
:tc., to anchor and stabilize the portable FRM sampler
md to dampen vibration, (optional)
Masking tape
-"ackaging tape
Strapping tape
Calibration/Verification Standards and Related
Equipment
)owntube flow rate adapter
"low-check device (NIST-traceable)
?low multipoint verification/calibration device (NIST-
raceable)
-"ortable barometric pressure verification device (NIST-
raceable)
Barometric pressure multipoint verification/calibration
levice (NIST-traceable)
Temperature verification/calibration standard (NIST-
raceable) with probe
Thermos container for temperature calibrations
"low-check filter in transport cassette
mpermeable "filter" disk for internal leak checks
Accurately set timepiece
land calculator (scientific)
>pare Parts and Optional Equipment
Vendor/Catalog #
Skilcraft
Sharpees
Mayes (torpedo)
Unicor
Unicor
GSA-7510-00-283-0612
GSA-75 10-00-079-7906
GSA-7510-00-159-4450
Chinook Streamline FTS
Dwyer Series Mark III
Bios- dry cal
DPI Absolute
Meri-cal
VWR
Office Depot/397-554
Make/Model #
9mm
Ultrafine
10198
StyleS Class2 Series2
StyleS Class2 Series2
475-D
DC-lite
LP200
61220-601
Casio
/
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 9
Qty.
PEP Field Equipment and Supplies
Spare O-rings for the portable FRM sampler
Spare Batteries (for all battery-powered equipment)
"uses, as required by all equipment used
Spare in-line filters (if required by the portable FRM
sampler)
|/oltmeter/ammeter for troubleshooting
Spare impactor(s)
Cleaning Supplies and Equipment
jOW-lint laboratory wipes for cleaning WINS and other
sampling equipment
jarge locking plastic bag for cleanup of debris, wipes,
:tc
Soft brush,
Supply of deionized water for cleaning and rinsing
iquipment
sopropyl alcohol to aid in removal of grease and dirt
-"enetrating oil
jint-free pipe cleaners
Safety pin dental pick
jint-free cotton-tipped swabs
vooden dowel, and cloth wads to clean downtube
Spray Bottle
Vendor/Catalog #
Daigger/AX5661
Make/Model #
Kay-Pees Disposable paper
towels
/
5.2 Procurement
As consumables run low or new equipment purchases are necessary, the FS will be responsible for
assisting in the procurement of these items following the policy and requirements described in the ESAT
scope of work. The FS should continue purchasing consumable equipment with the same model numbers
as initially procured unless the WAM suggests a different item due to improved quality, reduced
contamination, ease of use, or lower cost (without sacrificing quality). The following procedures will be
required.
1. The FS will develop procurement requests as per EPA requirements.
2. Upon order, add items to the Field Procurement Log PRO-01.
3. Once a month provide a copy of Form PRO-01 to the WAM.
4. File Form PRO-01 in file AIRP/486.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 9
5.3 Equipment Consumable Receipt
Upon receiving equipment and consumables, the FS will perform the following activities:
1. Pull the appropriate purchase order for the incoming items from the files.
2. Fill out a Field Receiving Report Form REC-01 comparing the items and quantity against the
purchase order and inspecting the condition of each item.
3. If the items received match the purchase order and the condition of the equipment or consumables
is acceptable, signify this on the form and file it in AIRP/486.
4. If the quantity, items, or condition are not acceptable, complete REC-01 with appropriate remarks
and send a copy of the form to the WAM.
5. Add receipt information to the Field Procurement Log Form PRO-01
5.4 Equipment Storage
When equipment is not in use, store it in a clean, dry, and safe location. After completion of a field trip
and return to the field office, the sampler(s) and associated verification gear should be cleaned, maintained
as scheduled, and stored for the next trip. All equipment should be clearly identified, and readily available
for the next scheduled field trip.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 7 of 9
Field Inventory Form (INV-01)
Item
Vendor
Model #
Quantity
Purchase Date
Warranty
Form INV-01
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 8 of 9
Field Equipment/Consumable Receiving Report
Date:
Received From:
Shipped From:
Shipped Via:
Shipping Charge
Prepaid
Purchase Order Number
Collect
Quantity
Freight Bill #
Description Of Item
Remarks: Accept Shipment
Condition
Problem
Notes:
Form REC-01
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 9 of 9
Procurement Log
Item
Model #
Qty
PO#
Vendor
Date
Ordered
Received
Cost
Initials
Accept/
Reject
Form PRO-01
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 10
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Communications
SOP: PEPF-2.02
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary
3. Definitions
4. Apparatus/Materials
5. Procedure
6. Records Management
Page
2
2
3
O
3
6
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 10
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This procedure describes the required activities for PEP FS to communicate technical information to
organizations intimately involved in the PEP and includes:
ป ESAT WAM for the FS
* ESAT WAMs for the Laboratory Analyst (LA)
ป ESAT LAs
- OAQPS
This SOP does not describe additional ESAT communication obligations described in the ESAT Scope of
Work. Communications will include reports, e-mail messages and phone calls.
2.0 Summary of Method
An organized communications framework
is needed to facilitate the flow of
information among the participating
organizations as well as among other users
of the information produced by the PM2 5
network. Figure 2.1 represents the
principal communications pathways. In
general, ESAT contractors will be
responsible for informing Regional WAMs
and Project Officers (POs) on technical
progress, issues, and contractual
obligations. On the technical side, the EPA
Regional WAMs will be responsible for
communicating with State and local
agencies and informing OAQPS on issues
that require technical attention. Contractual
issues will be conveyed from the ESAT contractor through POs to the ESAT Contracts Office and, if
necessary, to OAQPS. Table 2-1 at the end of this SOP lists the important EPA ESAT contacts.
The ESAT contractors will have frequent communication with the Regional WAMs about the progress of
their activities and any problems/issues associated with them. Resolution of these issues should take place
in the Regions unless the issue could affect the implementation of the program at a national level, where it
should be discussed and resolved through an ESAT Workgroup conference call.
Figure 2.1 Line of communication
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 10
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Equipment and Supplies
The following capital and consumable equipment will be required for communications:
* Telephone
> Laboratory PC - with Internet and EPA E-Mail capabilities
* Printer
* Field Communication Notebook
* Writing utensils
> Appropriate Forms
COM-1 - Phone Communication Form
COM-2 - Monthly Progress Report
5.0 Communication Procedures
5.1 Phone Communications
5.1.1 Issue-Related Calls
A call may be initiated by the WAM(s), the FS, or the laboratory at any time during implementation.
During the conversation, the phone communication form (COM-1), in the field communications notebook,
will be used by the FS to record the highlights of the conversation. Notes will include the following:
* Date
* Time
* Personnel involved
* Issue(s)
> Decision(s)
* Follow-up action(s)
> Follow-up action responsibility
* Follow-up action completed by (date)
If follow-up action is required by the FS, these actions will be included in the monthly progress reports (see
Section 5.2). At a minimum , the FS will keep the original hardcopy in the field communications
notebook. The FS may also choose to keep an electronic record of this information on a PC.
5.1.2 Field Communications
Field communications can take place either by phone or e-mail. Phone messages or conversations will be
recorded in the field communications notebook. E-mail messages should be printed and stored in the field
communications notebook
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 10
5.1.2.1 Filter Shipment Receipt
Every 2 weeks, filters will be shipped to the field offices by the LA. On the day of receipt, the FS will
contact the LA and provide the following information:
1. date of receipt
2. number of filters in shipment
3. number of boxes in shipment
4. air bill number
5.1.2.2 Equipment Shipment Receipt
Once a month, the laboratory will ship coolers, max/min thermometers, and gel packs back to the field
offices. On the day of receipt, the FS will contact the LA and provide the following information:
1. date of shipment
2. number of boxes in shipment
3. tracking number
5.1.2.3 ESAT Conference Calls
The FS may be asked to participate in ESAT Workgroup conference calls to discuss progress or resolution
of issues. The WAM will inform the FS of information that needs to be prepared for the call at least 3 days
prior to the call. During the call, the FS will use the Phone Communication Form (COM-1) to record
issues and action items that pertain to his or her activities. These items will be included in the next monthly
progress report.
5.1.2.4 Communicating with Reporting Organizations and Site Operators
Dates for the FRM PE visits should be coordinated with the site's normal operating schedule. This
coordination must be done in advance so that both the FS and the site operator have ample advance notice
and time to prepare for the on-site visit. The procedure for such communications follows:
1. The WAM (FS in attendance) will contact each site operator (by telephone) no less than 1 month prior
to the site visit. Points to be covered include the following:
* field implementation schedule; setting a location and time to meet
> providing assistance in setting up the portable instrument and other assistance such as providing
freezer space for ice substitutes (if necessary)
> briefing the operator on what will occur during the evaluation
* discussing the tasks that the site operator will be requested to do to assist with the evaluation
> additional information needed for the Site Data Sheet
* answering any questions that the site operator may have
> emphasizing that the site's PM2 5 sampler will not be adjusted in any way and that the operator
should do nothing out of the ordinary routine to prepare for the PE
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 10
* ensuring that all clearances have been obtained so that the site can be accessed as necessary. A site
representative must be there. If a representative other than the site operator plans on being at the
site the name and number of this representative must be identified and recorded.
> verifying that sufficient electric power is available for the portable FRM sampler and other
equipment
> determining if special logistic concerns exist (training, equipment, etc.)
If problems are identified in the preliminary discussions with the site operator, arrangements will be made
to take corrective actions. Below are some suggested corrective actions for various commonly encountered
problems:
> Climbing or other special safety equipment required:
buy or rent appropriate equipment prior to the site visit
borrow the necessary equipment from the site operator or the operator's organization
postpone visit until the situation requiring special safety equipment is remedied (if feasible)
* Insufficient power at the site to operate the FRM and the routine sampler (and other site monitors
and equipment) simultaneously:
obtain permission to run an extension power cord from a nearby outlet
cancel the site visit and request that adequate power be installed
> The site will not accommodate the portable FRM sampler within siting requirements:
perform the evaluation, flag the situation and resulting data; and contact the EPA Regional
Office about the situation.
> Special restrictions on site access are in force, such as a requirement for a lengthy background
check at certain high-security Federal installations. (Note: FS are required to observe laws, rules,
regulations, and policies regarding access to restricted sites on public or private land. The
Performace Evaluator shall not "borrow" the operator's key or access card without the knowledge
and permission of the site owner.) Options for dealing with this type of situation include:
obtain necessary permissions, keycards, etc. in advance
request that the reporting organization or the EPA Regional Office to secure the necessary
permissions to access the site on behalf of the FS
make arrangements for a "cleared" escort to accompany the Evaluator at all times (if this is
acceptable at the particular site)
2. About one week prior to the actual evaluation, the FS will call the site operator to confirm that the PE
visit remains on schedule and to confirm meeting arrangements.
5.2 Monthly Progress Reports
The FS will provide to the WAM a progress report in writing at the end of each month. The monthly
progress report Form COM-2 will be used to convey the following information:
* Reporting Date - beginning and end date that report covers
> Reporter - person writing reports
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 10
* Progress - progress on field activities
Evaluations scheduled within reporting date
Evaluations conducted within reporting date
> Issues -
Old issues- issues reported in earlier reports that have not been resolved
New issues- arising within reporting date
* Actions- Action necessary to resolve issues including: the person(s)responsible for resolving them and
the anticipated dates when they will be resolved.
6.0 Records Management
Monthly progress reports will be archived in the field reporting package file under AIRP/484. Phone
communications will be archived in the field reporting package file under SAMP/5 02/COM. See Section
11 for details.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 7 of 10
Phone Communication Form (COM-1)
Date:
Time:
Recorder:
Personnel on call:
Issue(s):
Decisions(s):
Follow-up Action(s):
Follow-up Responsibilities:
Completion Dates for Follow-up Actions:
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 8 of 10
Monthly Progress Report (COM-2)
Reporting Date: Start:
End:
Reporter:
Progress
Sites Scheduled for Month:
Sites Evaluated during Month:
Issues
Old:
New:
Actions:
Actions:
Free Form Notes:
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 9 of 10
Table 2-1 ESAT Contacts
Name
Address
Phone
Number
Electronic Mail
ESAT
Angela Edwards
Kathleen Engel
Monica McEaddy
Colleen Walling
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW.
Washington, DC 20460.
Monica and Colleen
5203G
Kathleen and Angie
3805R
(703) 603-8709
(202) 564-4504
(202) 564-4503
edwards.angela@epa.gov
engel.kathleen@epa.gov
mckeaddy.monica@epa.gov
walling.colleen@epa.gov
OAQPS
Michael Papp
David Musick
Tim Hanley
Mark Shanis
Mike Jones
USEPA
Office of Air Quality, Planning &
Standards
MQAG(MD-14)
RTF, NC 2771 1
(919)541-2408
(919)541-2396
(919)541-4417
(919)541-1323
(919)541-0528
papp.michael@epa.gov
musick. david@epa. gov
hanley .tim@epa. gov
shanis .mark@epa. gov
jones.mike@epa.gov
REGIONS
Region 1
WAM
Mary Jane Cuzzupe
PO
Tony Palermo
Region 2
WAM
Clinton Cusick
PO
Dick Coleates
Region 3
WAM
Theodore Erdman
PO
Fred Foreman
Region 4
WAM
Herb Barden
Steve hall
PO
Mike Birch
USEPA-Region 1
New England Regional Laboratory
60 Westview Street / EMALEX
Lexington, MA 02173
USEPA-Region 2
Raritan Depot /MS 103
2890 Woodbridge Ave
Edison, NJ 08837-3679
USEPA-Region 3
841 Chestnut Building / 3ES1 1
Philedelphia, PA 19107
USEPA-Region 3
office of Analytical Services/3ES-
20
839 Bestgate Road
Annapolis, MD 21401-3013
US-EPAReg4
Science and Ecosystem Support
Division
980 College Station Road
Athens, Georgia 30605-2720
USEPA-Region 4
APTMD
Atlanta Federal Center
61 Forsyth St. SW
Atlanta, GA 30303-3104
(781)860-4383
(781)860-4682
(908)321-6881
(732)321-6662
(215)597-1193
(215)566-2766
(706) 355-8737
(706)355-8615
(706)355-8552
cuzzupe.maryjane@epa.gov
palermo.anthony@epa.gov
cusick.clinton@epa.gov
coleates.dick@epa.gov
erdman.ted@epa. gov
foreman.fred@epa.gov
barden.herbert@epa.gov
hall.johns@epa.gov
birch.mike@epa.gov
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 10 of 10
Name
Region 5
WAM
Gordon Jones
PO
Jay Thakkar
Region 6
WAM
Kuenja Chung
PO
Melvin Ritter
Region 7
WAM
Mike Davis
PO
Harold Brown
Region 8
WAM
Joe Delwiche
PO
Barbara Daboll
Region 9
WAM
Mathew Plate
PO
Rose Fong
Region 10
WAM
Karen Marasigan
PO
Gerald Dodo
Address
USEPA-Region 5
77 West Jackson Blvd. / AR18J
Chicago, IL 60604-3507
/SM5J
USEPA-Region 6
First Interstate Bank Tower at
Fountain Place
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
USEPA Region 6 Laboratory
Houston Branch/ 6MD-HC
10625 Fallstone Road
Houston TX 77099
USEPA-Region 7
ENSV/EMWC
25 Funston Road
Kansas City, KS 661 15
USEPA Region 7
726 Minnesota Ave/ENSV/RLAB
Kansas City, KS 66 101
USEPA-Region 8
999 18th Street /8P2- A
Suite #500
Denver, CO 80202-2466
/8TMS-L
USEPA-Region 9
75 Hawthorne St. /PMD-3
San Francisco, CA 94105
USEPA-Region 10
1200 Sixth Ave / ES-095
Seattle, WA 98 101
USEPA Region 10
Manchester Laboraory
7411 Beach Drive East
Port Orchard, WA 98366
Phone
Number
(312)353-3115
(312)886-1972
(214)665-8345
(281)983-2146
(913)551-5081
(913)-551-5127
(303)312-6448
(303)236-5057
(415)744-1493
(415)744-1534
(206)553-1792
(206) 553-8728
Electronic Mail
j ones .gordon@epa. gov
thakkar.j ay@epa. gov
chung.kuenj a@epa. gov
ritter.melvin@epa.gov
davis .michale@epa. gov
brown.harold@epa.gov
delwiche.j oseph@epa. gov
daboll.barbara@epa.gov
plate.mathew@epa.gov
fong.rose@epa.gov
marasigan.karen@epa.gov
dodo-gerald@epa.gov
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 7
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Site Visit Preparation
SOP: PEPF-2.03
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Page
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
6
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 7
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to preparing for the FRM PE site visits.
2.0 Summary of Method
Preparation for site visits in the FRM PEP requires attention to many details and interaction among several
different organizations. This SOP outlines the planning steps necessary to successfully conduct PEs at one
or more sites.
3. 0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
> the FS must obey all laws, ordinances, and policies regarding access to monitoring sites and use of
the property of others
* the FS shall not represent himself or herself as an employee of EPA or of the Federal Government
* the FS may not gain access to a monitoring site without the knowledge and permission of the site
owner or site operator
* in transporting equipment and supplies, the FS must comply with all applicable laws and
regulations, including those of the FAA and DOT
* FS must comply with licensing requirements and "union shop" agreements, where applicable. In
general, the FS is expected to perform the tasks necessary to install and operate the FRM PE
equipment. However, electrical rewiring or other modifications to monitoring site equipment must
be done by qualified and properly licensed tradesmen
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
* Implementation Schedule
ป Site Data Sheet(s) (SD-01)
* Reporting Organization contact information
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.03
Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 3 of 7
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Development of Implementation Schedule
State and local organizations will work with the EPA Regions to select and develop a list of sites for the
evaluations conducted in each calendar year on or before October 1, of the previous year. The Regional
WAMS, with the assistance of the ESAT contractors, will attempt to determine the most efficient site visit
schedule. This schedule should be based upon the following:
* the criteria in CFR
* meeting the same monitoring schedule as the routine sampler being evaluated
> the sites that are closest in proximity to each other (can be visited within the same day or week)
Once this site schedule is developed, it must be sent to all affected reporting organizations. Based upon this
schedule, the FS will make appropriate travel arrangements.
7.2 Development of the Site Data Sheet
For each site, the FS contractor will develop a Site Data Sheet (Form SD-01) that contains information
such as:
AIRS Monitor Site ID Monitor ID
Method Designation Monitor Make and Model
Site Coordinates Site Type (NAMS/SLAMS)
Reporting Organization Reporting Organization Contact
Street address Directions to the site (from Regional Office)
Directions to the site from major thoroughfare Safety concerns
Additional equipment needed (ropes, ladders etc.) Closest Hospital (address)
Closest Express Mail Facility Closest Hardware Store
Recommended Hotel (address/phone) Important free form notes
Closest site 2nd closest site
The information listed above will be kept in a site file (filed by AIRS Site ID) and included in a site
notebook for each FS. Software such as MapQuest (Internet accessible) can help provide information on
directions to sites. In addition, maps for each State and city where a monitor is located will be acquired.
Site locations can be placed on these maps along with the site IDs.
Preparation for one or more PE trips will involve communication among various organizations including
the FS's organization (ESAT), the monitoring reporting organization, and the site operator. A schedule will
need to be set; operators notified; travel arrangements made, and all equipment and supplies gathered,
packed, inventoried, and readied for shipping. The following sections discuss the necessary steps.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 7
7.3 Site Visits Preparation
It is difficult to give a general procedure for scheduling site visits because of the number of variables such
as the number of sites, the number of samplers at each site, the distance between sites, the sampling
schedule, and the site access restrictions.
FRM PEs should be implemented on a normal sampling day so that it does not create additional work for
the State and local agencies. Thus, for sites that only sample one day in three or one day in six, this
schedule must be taken into account when scheduling a PE site visit. However, if the State and local agency
is amenable to perform a PE on a day other than a routine sampling day, the visit can be scheduled.
The scheduling approach should attempt to minimize travel costs and maximize the number of sites visited.
Some suggestions for efficient scheduling include the following:
* prioritizing sites that are expected to be near or above the NAAQS
> carrying two or more portable FRMs, setting up one or two on day one, then moving to another
site to set up another, then returning to the first site to retrieve the sample, etc.
> prioritizing sites that are sampled less than every day. Visits to sites on a daily sampling cycle can
be more flexible because the PE sample can be taken on any day. Because delays and schedule
changes tend to accumulate during a circuit of sites, it may be best to prioritize sites on less
frequent sampling cycles.
> selecting the sites to be evaluated by geographic area so that travel between sites is minimized.
* building in "downtime" for weather, sickness, or other unplanned delays.
NOTE: See SOP PEPF-2.02 for procedures on communicating with reporting organization site
operators prior to a site visit
7.4 Site Vist Travel Arangements
The FS and/or the contractor administrative staff is responsible for making travel arrangements, which
should be made early enough to provide a convenient location for the field sampler to access the site(s)
he/she will visit. Step-by-step procedures for making travel arrangements are beyond the scope of this
SOP. Here are some suggestions:
> a car or van is the preferable method for transporting sensitive equipment because of the potential
for rough handling by airlines or commercial carriers
> make arrangements well in advance to ensure the availability of hotel rooms, and rental vehicles
* for trips involving multiple sites, leave some flexibility in the schedule in case of bad weather and
other unexpected delays.
* plan adequate time at each site to perform the FRM PE, remembering that PEP filters are to be
exposed from midnight to midnight
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 7
7.5 Site Visit Equipment Preparation
Prior to an evaluation excursion and based upon the number of sites to be visited, the following will occur:
sampling equipment and consumables will be inspected to ensure proper operation and adequate
supplies.
at least one spare portable sampler and calibration equipment should be on hand.
filters will be selected and stored appropriately (per SOPs) for transport to the sites.
filter chain-of custody sheets should be started and the filters should be checked to ensure they
have not gone past their 30 day pre-sampling time period.
Site Data Sheets will be available for each site. For initial visits some of the information on the Site
Data Sheets may be blank and must be completed during the first visit.
the FS will review the site schedule to be sure that they understand which tasks will be
implemented at the sites they are visiting that week.
Upon completion of preparation activities, the Regional WAM should be contacted or a meeting scheduled
to review the preparation activities.
Ice Substitutes-
As many ice substitutes as needed for the excursion should be packed (frozen) in the electric cooler in order
to maintain their frozen state. The cooler can also be taken into the hotel during the evening. However, if
more ice packs than can fit in the electric cooler are required, the FS must provide a means of keeping the
ice substitutes frozen. The reporting organization or the motel may be able to keep ice substitutes frozen
and should be contacted ahead of time in order to ensure arrangements can be made.
7.6 Other Advance Planning
Critical Filter Time Periods
Figure 2.1. Critical filter holding times.
The FS should find out in advance the
address and hours of operation for
Federal Express shipping faclities.
Critical Filter Holding Time
Requirements
One aspect of the implementation process
that is time critical is the filter holding
time dates. As illustrated in Figure 2.1
and stipulated in the CFR, filters must
be used within 30 days of presampling
weighing or they must be reconditioned
and preweighed. Figure 2.1 indicates
that filters must be collected within 96
hours of the end of the sample period. In
most instances, the FS will collect the
filters within 8 to 48 hours of the end of
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 7
the sample period. Samples will be sent the day of removal to the appropriate laboratory via next-day
delivery. Data will be immediately downloaded from the portable sampler and stored in two mediums (hard
drive and two diskettes). One diskette of the data will be shipped with the sample. Data may also be
transmitted, via modem, to the appropriate laboratory. Table 2-1 provides a summary of the key activities
discussed above.
Table 2-1. Implementation Summary
Implementation
Phase
Laboratory
Field
Activity
Presampling weighing
Postsample weighing
Data
input/review/validation
AIRS upload
Filter use
Filter collection
Filter/data shipment
Acceptable Time frame
30 days
10 days
10 working days
5 working days
30 days of presample weighing
8-48 hours from sample end
date/time
within 8 hours of sample removal
8.0 References
1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM2 5 in Ambient Air Using Designated
Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. Draft.
2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. August 1998. Implementation Plan: PM25 Federal Reference Method
Performance Evaluation Program. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.. August 1998 Quality Assurance Guidance Document. Method
Compendium: PM2 5 Mass Weighing Laboratory Standard Operating Procedures for the Performance
Evaluation Pro gram..Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
4. US Environmental Protection Agency. 1997. Part 58 promulgated as 50 FR62138 amendments to title 58
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 2
PEPF-2.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 7 of 7
Site Data Sheet(SD-Ol)
AIRS Monitor Site ID:
Site Name:
AIRS Method Designation:
Site Coordinates Lat:
Long:
Reporting Org. Address:
Monitor ID:
Monitoring Freq. (1/6, 1/3, daily)
Monitor Make/Model:
Site Type (SLAMS/NAMS)
Reporting Org. Contact:
Name:
Phone Number:
E-Mail:
Directions to Site from Field Office:
Direction from major thoroughfare:
Safety Concerns:
Closest Hospital Address and directions from site:
Closest Hardware Store:
Closest Monitoring Site:
Additional Equipment Needed:
Closet Federal Express Facility:
Recommended Hotel (Address/Phone #):
2nd Closest Monitoring Site :
Free Form Notes:
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 3
PEPF-3.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: Oof 5
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 3
Cassette Receipt, Storage, and Handling
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 3
PEPF-3.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 5
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Cassette Receipt, Storage and Handling
SOP: PEPF-3.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Page
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
5
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 3
PEPF-3.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 5
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to the receipt of PEP filters, sent by the National Laboratories (Region 4 or 10) to the FS
at the field office, the storage of the cassettes in the field office and in the field, and the proper handling of
these filters throughout field activities.
2.0 Summary of Method
Two weeks, worth of routine, field blank, and collocated sampler filters will be sent by the laboratories to
the field office along with a COC Forms for each filter. The FS will receive the filters and initiate the
proper portions of the COC Form. The FS will store the filters in a filter shipping container, along with the
COC Forms, until they are ready for use. Filters must be handled in a manner to prevent them from being
damaged or contaminated and to prevent the particulate loading that has been collected on the exposed
filters from being dislodged.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
> handle each filter in its cassette carefully to avoid damage to the filter or contamination. Never
remove a filter from its cassette
> do not touch the filter material
* handle the filter caps by their exterior; do not touch the interior of the filter caps or leave them
exposed to potential contaminants
* prior to cassette insertion, clean your hands throughly with an alcohol wipe or distilled water.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
* Field notebook
* COC Form(s)
* Cassettes containing 46.2 mm diameter teflon filters, filter caps on, in antistatic plastic cassette
bags
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 3
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Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 3 of 5
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Filter Cassette Receipt
This procedure describes the method for receiving filters sent by the national laboratory to the field office.
The national laboratory will notify the FS of a filter shipment the day of shipping. Filters may be shipped
in postsampling shipping containers, or Federal Express envelopes.
1. Log receipt of filter cassette shipment in the field notebook (e.g., "Filter cassette shipment received
from Region 4, 1/1/99").
2. Upon receipt, inspect the shipping container for damage and record any noted damage in the field
notebook.
3. Open the shipping container and check that the COC Form "Part 1 Weighing Laboratory" is
completed. Notify the lab of any apparent discrepancies.
4. Match each COC Form with the filter cassette number that is printed on the antistatic self sealing
plastic cassette bag. If there is a one-to-one match between cassettes and forms, proceed to step 6.
5. If they do not match or if there are extra COC Forms or filter cassettes, identify the discrepancy in
the field notebook and notify the national laboratory of the discrepancy. Do not use any filter
cassettes which do not have an accurate COC record.
6. Under the COC Form titled "Part II Field Office", fill in "Date Received", "PE Organization",
"Shipment Integrity" and "Field Scientist".
7. Contact the national laboratory to confirm receipt of shipment and, if necessary, rectify any
problems.
8. See Section 7.2 for filter cassette storage.
9. Place the COC Forms with the other COC Forms for unused samples and arrange them in order of
the date in which they must be used. This date is found on each COC Form Part I "This Filter
Must Be Used By"
7.2 Filter Cassette Storage
7.2.1 Storage Prior to Transportation to the Field
1. Store all unused samples in one clean postsampling shipping container and place the container in a
secure area to avoid tampering by unauthorized individuals. Filters will remain in the cassettes,
with filter caps on, in the antistatic filter cassette bags and be double bagged into 9 x 12" self-
sealing shipping bags.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 3
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Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 4 of 5
2. Check COC dates and remove any samples from the container mentioned in Step 1 that have not/or
will not be used by the date listed in the "This filter Must Be Used By" section of the COC
Form. Place a void in the "void" box on the COC Form and describe the reason for doing so in the
comments section (e.g., "not used by filter expiration date").
3. Send the filter cassette and the COC Form back to the national laboratory.
7.2.2 Storage of Unused Filter Cassettes During Field Transport
1. Store all samples being transported to the field in one clean postsampling shipping container and
place the container in a secure area to avoid tampering by unauthorized individuals and to shield it
from extreme hot or cold conditions. Filters will remain in the cassettes, with filter caps on, in the
antistatic filter cassette bags and be double bagged into 9 x 12" self-sealing shipping bags.
7.2.3 Storage of Postsampled Filter Cassettes During Field Transport
1. Follow SOP PEPF-8.03, which describes the packing of postsampled filter cassettes for field
transport to the Federal Express shipping office.
7.2.4 Storage of Postsampled Filter Cassettes at the Field Office
The following procedure will be used if samples cannot be shipped to the national laboratory the day they
are collected and must remain for some period at the field office:
1. Unpack the frozen ice substitutes from the postsampling shipping container and place them in the
freezer
2. Remove the 9 x 12" plastic shipping bag containing the COC Form, Field Data Sheets, and the
data diskettes from the postsampling shipping container and secure them in a safe place.
3. Place the shipping container in the refrigerator with the top off in order to cool the sampled filter
cassettes to 4 ฐC. The filters will remain in the cassettes with filter caps on, in the antistatic filter
cassette bags and be double bagged into 9 x 12" self sealing shipping bags
4. When the cassettes are ready to be shipped, follow SOP PEPF-8.03
7.3 Filter Cassette Handling
NOTE: This procedure does not include pertinent COC procedures, inspections, or data entry
procedures that take place during various stages of sample handling.
1. Filter cassettes will remain with filter caps on, in the antistatic filter cassette bags and be double
bagged into 9 x 12" self sealing shipping bags until they are ready to be put into the portable
sampler.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 3
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2. Upon preparing to insert the cassette, clean your hands with an alcohol wipe or distilled water.
3. Remove the cassette by removing one from the 9 x 12" shipping bag.
4. Remove the cassette from the antistatic self-sealing plastic cassette bag. Save this bag! Place this
bag in the interior of the portable instrument main unit.
5. Carefully remove the filter caps and place them on top of antistatic self-sealing plastic cassette
bag, interior side down.
6. Hold the cassette in a manner that will avoid touching any part of the filter and install it per SOP
PEPF-8.01.
7. Place filter caps together (exterior side out) in the same antistatic self-sealing plastic cassette bag
from which they came, seal the bag, and store the bag in the portable sampler main unit until
sample collection.
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler."
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
PEPF-4.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: Oof 8
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 4
Transporting the Sampler and Installation at the Site
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
PEPF-4.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: Iof8
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Sampler Transport and Placement
SOP: PEPF-4.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
Scope and Applicability
Summary of Method
Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Pag
2
2
2
2
2
3
7
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
PEPF-4.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 8
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to the transportation of the BGI PQ200A portable FRM sampler to field sites for the
FRM PEP.
NOTE: The following information is applicable to the BGI Model PQ200A portable FRM
sampler. Specific information herein may not be applicable to other makes and models of
samplers.
2.0 Summary of Method
Prior to a sampling excursion, a number of portable samplers will be checked at the field office to ensure
that all parts are available and packed into their carrying cases for transport to the field. At the field site,
the equipment will be transported to the location where it will be assembled an placed to meet siting
criteria.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
* It is important that movement/jostling of the main unit of the portable sampler be minimized
during transportation. Secure this unit in the transportation vehicle.
* Follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to avoid damage to the sampler and to ensure that
it operates properly.
* The portable sampler may be hoisted to a rooftop or an elevated platform. As part of the
planning process, determine what particular equipment is required to transport the portable
sampler to the sampling platform. This information should be included in the Site Data Sheet.
> The equipment must be packed and shipped so as to avoid damage to fragile components. It is
particularly important to remove the AC power supply and the battery from the main unit and
pack them correctly in the Travel Case. These components could loosen and cause damage to
circuit boards and other delicate components if they are improperly packed
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
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6.0 Equipment and Supplies
* Main unit and three travel cases containing the BGIPQ200A portable FRM sampler. These are
as follows:
The Main Unit and important attachments are illustrated in Figure 4.1. It is shipped without
an outside container. However, this unit may be packed in a soft case. The accessories
shown in the figure are all contained in the travel cases.
Travel Case No. 1 is designed for transporting the legs, as shown in Figure 4.2. Because of
the simple arrangement of the case there is ample room for other small equipment.
Travel Case No. 2, shown in Figure 4.3, is designed to carry the following:
the inlet with attached water trap
a 2-inch downtube
six filter cassette transport cases
three WINS impactor wells with transport cases
one bottle of oil for the WINS impactor (Dow 704 diffusion oil)
Travel Case No. 3, shown in Figure 4.4, is designed to carry the following:
the Gill screen (ambient temperature sensor housing)
the power supply/battery charger
the battery and battery holder
the weather shroud
* Assorted hand tools: screwdrivers, pliers, wrench
> Spirit level (an ordinary bubble level is sufficiently accurate)
* Measuring tape, metric
> Hoisting equipment (ladders, rope) for transporting equipment to the sampling platform
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
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Date: 11/22/98
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Downtube
Inlet Adapter
P.
Inlet Assembly
Lifting Eye
Cap
l"4f-
Weather Shroud
Main Case
Gill Screen
(ambient temperature)
IT
Power Supply/
Battery Charger
Figure 4.1. Back of main unit.
LEGS,P/NA1634(3)
Figure 4.2. Travel case No. 1 with legs.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
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Page: 5 of 8
Inlet Assembly
Impactor
Cup
Impactor
Cup
Impactor
Cup
Downtube
Impactor Oil
T
Figure 4.3. Travel case No. 2 for inlet and accessories.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
PEPF-4.01
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Page: 6 of 8
PROTECTIVE
CAPS
GILL
TEMP. PROBE
19S5
Figure 4.4. Travel case No. 3 for Gill screen and accessories.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 4
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Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
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7.0 Procedures
7.1 Transportation of Equipment to the Site
The portable FRM samplers will normally be transported along with the transfer standards and other tools
and equipment. The main unit and the three travel cases are used to transport the portable samplers safely
and securely and to minimize the effects of rough handling. Observe the following guidelines in
transporting equipment for the PEP. The PEP encourages the use of ground transportation to sites, due to
the nature of the sampling equipment, the possibility of rough handling during air transportation, and the
cost of shipping.
1. Before leaving, take an inventory of the field equipment with the number of sites in mind to:
determine how many portable samplers will be required for the time out in field. Take one
additional portable sampler as a spare. Inventory each travel case to ensure all parts are there
and acceptable for use.
ensure that there are filter cassettes for routine, field blanks, and collocated samples
ensure there are enough field transport containers, ice substitutes, max/min thermometers, and
preprinted Federal Express labels.
2. Place the equipment into the vehicle in a manner that minimizes movement of the main unit and
the filter cassettes.
7.2 Transportation of Equipment to the Sampling Platform and Placement
Upon arriving at the sampling site:
1. Visit the actual location on the sampling platform where the portable sampler will be set-up. The
reporting organization representative should indicate this location or it should be marked.
2. Verify that placing the portable sampler at the location indicated meets the siting requirements.
See Addendum 1 of this SOP for a list of the required placement criteria.
3. If the site does not appear to conform to the siting requirements, inform the reporting organization
representative and see if the siting requirement can be rectified.
4. If the reporting organization representative decides that the original location is suitable and the FS
deems the site location questionable, set up the site in the location indicated and note the siting
concerns in the field notebook.
5. Once the location is set, determine how best to transport the equipment to the site.
6. Transport the equipment in its traveling cases to the sampling platform.
7. Transport all verification equipment to the sampling platform to give this equipment an
opportunity to equilibrate to ambient conditions (~ 1 hour).
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8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual.
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - Audit Version -
PQ200A.
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods.
Addendum 1 Performance Evaluation Sampler Placement Criteria
This Addendum summarizes the criteria that must be met to place the PE sampler at a site. The location
for installing the PE sampler shall have been preselected and prepared before the FS arrives. The FS must
note whenever the preselected location for the PE sampler appears to violate the criteria given below. The
FS shall confirm the measurements with a tape measure if there is any doubt.
1. Site selection criteria for the portable FRM sampler must meet all the general requirements for
PM2 5 sampling, including the following:
The PM2 5 sampler must have unobstructed air flow for a minimum of 1 m in all directions.
The sampler inlet will be placed at a height of 2 to 15m above ground level (2-7 meters if the
routine sampler is designated as a micro-scale sampler).
If a PM2 5 sampler is collocated with any other particulate matter sampler, the spacing
between sampler inlets must be greater than 1 meter for other PM2 5 samplers and greater than
2 meters for total suspended particulate (TSP) and PM-10 type samplers. All samplers must
be within 4 meters.
The sampler inlet must be level.
Vertical distance between the two inlets must be less than or equal to 1 m.
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 5
5.01 Sampler Assembly/Disassembly,
5.02 Sampler Maintenance and Cleaning
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Assembly/Disassembly
SOP: PEPF-5.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
Pas
Scope and Applicability
Summary of Method
Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
10
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1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP describes the routine procedures for assembling and disassembling the sampler. This SOP
contains material specific for the BGI PQ200A Air Sampler, and may not be applicable to other sampler
makes and models..
2.0 Summary of Method
The FRM PM25 samplers will be installed and dismantled many times in the course of PE trips.
Assembly involves placing the component parts together properly to avoid leaks and other problems.
During disassembly after an exposure, it is equally important to follow proper procedures to avoid damage
and minimize wear and tear.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
* Always be careful when attaching the AC power connection. Do not attempt to connect the main
power if any power connectors or wires appear cracked, frayed, or wet. Do not immerse power
cords in water or other liquids.
* Avoid unnecessarily opening the control panel or touching internal electrical components while the
AC power is applied. Be very careful when it is necessary to make adjustments while the power
is on, such as when adjustments are made on the circuit boards during some calibration
procedures.
> When attaching the legs to the sampler's main body, do not allow the unit to become unbalanced
and fall. If necessary, ask another person for assistance in attaching the legs.
* Be careful to ensure that the studs do not come in contact with the printed circuit board
because physical damage may occur! Secure the battery by threading the two wing nuts onto
the studs. Connect the color-coded wires to the color-coded terminals on the battery (red on red,
black on black).
> The FS must properly install and maintain the sampler to prevent damage and contamination. Be
particularly attentive to maintenance of the pump, ensuring the soundness of electrical and
pneumatic connections that will be repeatedly assembled and disassembled.
* Check the numerous O-rings periodically. Clean and lubricate their surfaces as required for ease
of assembly and to maintain leak-free seals. Replace O-rings that are split, brittle, or cracked.
Use only O-rings specified for this equipment.
> When the sampler is dismantled, be sure to remove any debris adhering to the base or legs before
storing them for transport. To minimize contamination, always pack the base or leg portion of the
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sampler apart from the sampler collection module. A small particle of dust or pollen, if
inadvertently transferred to the sample collection filter enclosure, will alter the sample weight
dramatically.
> Care must be taken during handling not to crack or break the water collector jar attached to the
side of the inlet. To minimize the chance of accidental breakage, the glass water collector jar may
be replaced with a plastic jar or it may be wrapped with insulating tape to lessen the shock of
rough handling.
> The operating area for the FS may include more than one time zone. The FS needs to be aware of
time zone changes and set up monitors based on local time.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
* BGI PQ200A Air Sampler and instruction manual
* 25 ft extension cord
* Bubble leveling device
* Shims for leveling instrument
> Assorted tools including screwdrivers, pliers, etc.
* Flashlight (inspection of various sampler assemblies)
* Pen or pencil for marking the sampler for reassembly
* Soft brush,
* Lint-free wipes
* Alcohol wipes
> Distilled water
* Spare O-rings and vacuum grease
* Diffusion oil
* Dropper for diffusion oil
7.0 Procedure
This procedure applies to placement and installation at the field site; however, it is recommended that each
PQ200A sampler be assembled initially in the field office or in another indoor environment so that it can
be thoroughly checked before it is used in the field.
7.1 Assembling the Legs and Anchoring the Sampler (one-man assembly)
1. Lay the portable sampler equipment as close to the actual sampling location as possible.
2. Lay the sampler main unit on Side 1 or 3 (See Figure 5.1).
3. Attach two legs to the unit at the two accessible points of attachment on the underside of the
sampler. The legs are identical and interchangeable. Make sure the connectors are seated
properly and that the legs are securely attached (making a "click" sound)
4. Place the third leg in a convenient place to be able to access it.
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Figure 5.1. BGIPQ200A sampler, legs
installed.
5. Securely hold the main unit and slowly "walk" the unit
and the two legs to an upright position.
6. Take the third leg and attach it properly.
7. Place the portable sampler in its designated location. The
legs of the PQ200A form a stable tripod, so bolting or
clamping is normally not required. However, if there is
any question about the sampler's stability at a particular
location, the FS must affix the sampler to the platform or
flooring so that the following installation criteria are met:
* The sampler must not tip over due to high winds,
vibration, or other event that might be expected to
occur during the 24-hour exposure period.
> The sampler must not be subject to excessive
vibration, whether due to external sources (e.g., a
nearby train track), or internal sources (e.g., pump
motor vibrations).
* The sampler must remain level throuout the filter
exposure
7.2 Assembling the Sampler Main Unit
1. Remove the weather shroud (rear cover) from Travel Case No. 3 (Figure 5.4) and install it on the
back of the sampler's main unit as shown in Figure 5.2.
2. Attach the AC power supply to the rear of the unit under the weather shroud. Do not apply the
power vet.
3. Run the female three-pin connector (from the AC power supply unit) beneath the sampler to the
hole in the sampler case (near the front on the right side).
4. Open the front door on the PQ200A sampler and feed the female three pin power connector
through the hole underneath the sampler case and attach it securely to the upper of the two ports
inside the main unit.
5. While the front door is open, remove the two thumb nuts holding the instrument panel. Swing the
panel forward on its hinge. Remove the wing nuts from the battery securing studs before inserting
the battery. Lift the battery and holder from the travel case and install it at the rear of the
instrument panel compartment. CAUTION: Be careful to ensure that the battery or the studs
do not come in contact with the printed circuit board because physical damage may occur!
Secure the battery by threading the two wing nuts onto the studs. Connect the color coded wires
to the color coded terminals on the battery (red on red; black on black). Be sure all wires and
cables are out of the way, close the panel, and reattach the two thumb nuts.
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6. Attach the Gill screen (Figure 5.2) containing the ambient temperature sensor to the rear of the
main unit; the attachment points are on the weather shroud (back cover) itself. Position the Gill
screen assembly so that it sits above the top of the sampler case. Screw the connectors firmly into
the attachment points.
7. Run the ambient temperature sensor cable with the three-pin connector underneath the sampler
case and through the hole (just as with the power connector) and attach it to the lower of the two
ports inside the main unit.
7.3 Attaching the Inlet Assembly
1. Remove the size selective inlet assembly and the downtube from travel case #2 (see Figure 5.3).
2. Inspect the inlet assembly for obvious missing pieces or damage (See Figure 5.5).
3. Examine the two O-rings on the interior of the bottom end of the downtube that mates with the
open tube on the top of the sampler case (Figures 5.2 and 5.3) . Ensure that the O-rings are
present and in good condition and that the interior of the downtube is clean and clear of any
debris.
4. Ensure that the filter assembly inside the main assembly is in the closed position (Figure 5.7).
5. Install the downtube on the sampler by placing it on the inlet tube.
6. Examine the two O-rings on the interior of the bottom side of the size-selective inlet (part #153,
Figure 5.5) that mates with the downtube. Verify that both O-rings are present and in good
condition. Install the inlet on the top of the downtube.
7. If it is not already attached, locate the water collection hardware (parts # 154-158, Figure 5.5)
and attach it to the side of the inlet. Be sure the connecting pipe is not cross-threaded and that the
jar is attached firmly.
7.4 Leveling the Sampler
1. Adjust the PE sampler so that the top surface of the size-selective inlet is horizontal as indicated
by the bubble level. Final leveling of the unit is done only after the major installation tasks
described above have been completed. (Repeat the leveling process if any subsequent activities
cause the sampler to shift.)
2. Inspect the sampler to be sure that the inlet is not out of alignment due to an improperly mounted
downtube. The downtube should be perpendicular to the top of the sampler's main case. Make
any necessary adjustments to the downtube mountings.
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3. The sampler's horizontal angle can be adjusted by placing thin shims of wood or other solid
material under the legs. Be sure to observe safety precautions; it may require two people to safely
place the shims. Verify that the sampler remains secure after shims are put in place.
7.5 Installing the WINS Impactor Assembly
The WINS impactor assembly is shipped already installed in the sampler. During transport to a field site,
the WINS impactor will remain installed. HOWEVER, it will not contain diffusion oil, which must be
added on site.
1. Open the main unit door and carefully rotate the handle counterclockwise using both hands to
expose the transport cassette and WINS assembly (Figure 5.6). (CAUTION: Once the
assembly has started to open, the weight of the two plates will tend to force the whole
assembly open even further.)
2. The transport filter cassette and empty (no oil) WINS impactor should now be visible. If not,
gently separate the filter cassette or WINS impactor from its respective upper housing.
3. Remove the transport cassette, put it in a well marked plastic bag, and set it inside the main unit.
4. Inspect the impactor assembly for obvious missing pieces or damage ( See Figure 5.8.).
5. Confirm the presence and condition of the O-rings inside the upper impactor housing where it
contacts the impactor well.
6. Remove the impactor well assembly (upper and lower) and set it aside in a clean space inside the
main unit.
7. Confirm the presence and condition of the O-rings inside the lower impactor housing where it
contacts the impactor well. Ensure the interior of the housing is clean and clear of any debris. Set
the lower impactor housing down inside main unit
NOTE: Procedures 8-10 are used if the sampler is being prepared to sample.
8. Select an impactor well assembly and gently pull the mating upper and lower portions apart.
Confirm the presence of an O-ring on the upper part of the impactor well.
9. For normal sampling operations, install a 37-mm-diameter glass fiber filter in the lower portion of
the well.
10. With a dropper, add 1 mL (42 to 44 drops) of Dow 704 diffusion oil in the well and ensure that
the 37- mm-diameter glass fiber filter is saturated with oil and no air is trapped beneath it. An
alternate procedure is to install a preprepared impactor well that has been carefully transported to
the site.
11. Reinstall the impactor well in the WINS impactor housing.
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12. Before closing the unit, install a transport cassette with a cassette holder (or a sample cassette, see
PEPF-8.01 if sampling).
13. Close the assembly by slowly rotating the handle clockwise 3/4 of a turn (Figure 5.2) until the
cam follower clicks into the indent in the cam. Watch the filter cassette and WINS impactor to
ensure that they are seated properly and that the assemblies close securely. If necessary to avoid
air leakage, the compression between the upper and lower housings of the WINS assembly can be
adjusted using the knurled ring.
7.6 Assembling the Filter Holder
Prior to working with cassettes, clean your hands with alcohol wipes or clean water.
1. The portable sampler is shipped with a transport cassette in place. The portable sampler will
always be transported with a transport cassette in place. However, it is not to be transported
with actual filter cassettes that will be used for sampling.
2. Remove the transport cassette and inspect for damage.
3. Inspect the filter housing for obvious missing pieces or damage (see Figure 5.8).
4. Confirm the presence and condition of the O-rings inside the upper and lower filter housings
where they contact the filter cassette. Ensure the interior of the housing is clean and free of
debris.
5. Once a filter cassette (either an actual sample cassette or a transport cassette) is installed,
complete Steps 11-13 of Section 7.5 (above).
7.7 Powering the Unit
Connect the power as follows, depending on whether or not AC power is available:
1. For AC operation, plug the AC power supply unit into a 110/120 volt grounded outlet.
2. When AC power is not available and the WAM has approved the use of battery power, the unit
may be operated from the battery backup system. When fully charged, battery power is sufficient
to operate the PQ200A for 24 hours in all but the most extreme conditions (high particle loads,
cold weather conditions). NOTE: When operating from battery power, the control screen
dims and it may be necessary to press the red LIGHT button to view the screen.
3. Press the ON/OFF button on the PQ200A. The screen will light up and display the following
message:
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PQ200 Air Sampling System
(c)Copyright 1997 BGI Incorporated
All Rights Reserved
Version: X.XX Serial Number: XXXX
The X's will appear as numbers indicating the actual version number and serial number.
4. After a few seconds, the Main screen will appear. The Main screen always displays the ambient
barometric pressure, ambient and filter temperatures, date, time, power source, and any flags that
may have occurred. Any error or status messages will also appear on the screen. For example:
READY FOR NEW RUN!
746mmHgA28.0ฐC F27.5 ฐC
[DC IN] nnnnn
1997
04jul
(MENU) 14:53
5. Confirm that the date and time displayed are accurate. (Note that the PQ200A operates
exclusively on military time).
6. Press the blank (MENU) button on the PQ200A control panel to enter the Main menu. If
necessary, follow the steps below to set the proper date and time.
7.8 Setting Date and Time
NOTE: The operating area for the FS may include more than one time zone. The FS needs to be
aware of time zone changes and set samplers up based on the local time.
After the sampler has been successfully installed and powered-up, the date and time should be checked
and, if necessary, adjusted to local time. All PEP samplers should be synchronized within 1 minute of a
known time standard. Use the following procedure to set or adjust the BGI PQ200A's date and time:
1. From the Main menu, use the arrow keys until * Set-Ups and Download flashes. Press
SELECT to enter the Set-ups and Download menu.
2. From the Set-Ups and Download menu, with * More Selections flashing, press SELECT, then
press the down arrow until * Set Date and Time flashes. Press SELECT.
3. The Set the current DATE and TIME message will be displayed. The current date and time
will be flashing.
4. Press SELECT (NEXT). The first value (date) will stop flashing (it can now be edited).
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5. Use the arrow (EDIT) buttons to increase or decrease the selected value. When done, press
SELECT (NEXT).
6. Continue to press the SELECT (NEXT) and arrow (EDIT) buttons in this fashion to enter the
desired date and time. When done, press the blank (EXIT) button to return to the second Set-Ups
and Download screen. Select * More Selections, then * Return to Main Menu Screen or press
the blank (EXIT) button.
7.9 Completing the Installation
1. When the sampler has been successfully installed, recheck that it is secure and that the inlet has
remained level. Make any necessary adjustments.
2. Collect installation tools and shipping materials and put them in a place where they will be safe
and out of the way.
3. Proceed with the leak check and other operational verifications described in SOP PEPF-6.01
through 6.04.
7.10 Sampler Disassembly
NOTE: This procedure occurs after samples have been collected (filter samples and data collection)
and prepared for shipping (see SOP PEPF-8.03).
If the FRM sampler is being disassembled for transport to a new site, follow these steps:
1. Power the unit down and disconnect the electricity.
2. Remove the impactor well (7.5 above).
3. Clean the impactor well (see SOP PEPF-5.02).
4. Place the transport cassette into the filter compartment and install a clean impactor well (no oil or
filter). The BGI PQ200A air sampler should always be shipped or stored with a filter/cassette in
place.
5. Close the assembly by slowly rotating the handle clockwise 3/4 of a turn until the cam follower
clicks into the indent on the cam. Watch the filter cassette and WINS impactor to ensure that they
are seated properly and that the assembly closes securely.
6. Disassemble the sampler in the reverse order of set-up ( Sections 7.6, 7.5, 7.3, 7.2, and 7.1).
7. Police the sampling site to ensure no equipment and supplies are left at the site.
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8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual.
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual. "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler,"
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods.
Downtube
Inlet Assembly
Inlet Adapter
Main Case
Gill Screen
(ambient temperature)
Weather Shroud
Power Supply/
Battery Charger
Figure 5.2. Back of main unit.
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Inlet Assembly
Impactor
Cup
Impactor
Cup
Downtube
T
Figure 5.3. Travel case No. 2 for inlet and accessories.
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CAPS
GILL
IflSS
Figure 5.4. Travel case No. 3 for Gill screen and accessories.
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M58
Figure 5.5. Exploded view of inlet unit.
Part Number
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
Description
#6-32 x 3/8" Philips pan head screw
inlet top
Spacer
Screen
inlet sub top
inlet body
O-ring
Part Number
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
Description
inlet tube
1/4 x 3/8 NPT adapter
1/4 NPT nipple
jar top
1/4 NPT plug
glass jar
O-ring
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Figure 5.6. BGIPQ200A sampler with filter chamber
open.
Figure 5.7. BGI PQ200A Sampler with Filter Chamber
closed.
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1
Impactor Housing, Upper
O-ring
Impactor Well, Upper
O-ring
Impactor Well, Lower
Impactor Housing, Lower
Filter Housing, Upper
O-ring
Filter Cassette
Figure 5.8. Exploded view of PM2 5 impactor well (WINS) and filter holder assemblies.
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Sampler Maintenance and Cleaning
SOP: PEPF-5.02
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
Page
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
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1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP describes the routine procedures for maintaining and cleaning the sampler.
NOTE: This SOP contains material that is specific for the BGI PQ200A Air Sampler, and may not
be applicable to other makes and models of sampler.
2.0 Summary of Method
The FRM PM2 5 samplers will be regularly checked and cleaned to avoid contamination, which could
affect the quality of resultant data, and to ensure reliable operation.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP
5.0 Cautions
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
* Low lint wipes
* Isopropyl alcohol
> Wooden dowel (downtube cleaning)
* lint free pipe cleaner
* Marking pencil
* Soft brush (interior cleaning)
> Plastic bristle baby bottle cleaner
* Distilled water (general use found at pharmacies/grocery store)
ป Field Data Sheet
* Selections of O-rings
> Silicone vacuum grease
* safety pins or dental pick
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Table 5-1. Summary of PM25 Sampler Maintenance Activities
Frequency Maintenance item
Every visit 1. Inspect and empty water collector bottle.
2. Clean or change-out impactor well.
3 Inspect O-rings of impactor assembly.
Every 10 sampling events or as needed. 1. Clean sampler inlet surfaces.
2. Clean impactor housing and impactor jet surfaces. Examine CD-
ring s.
3. Clean interior of sampler case.
4. Check condition of sample transport containers.
5. Clean impactor downtube.
6. Inspect and service cooling air intake filter and fans.
Quarterly (every 3 months) 1. Inspect O-rings of inlet. Apply light coat of vacuum grease if
required.
2. Clean sampler downtube.
3. Inspect and service O-ring and water seal gasket where downtube
enters sampler case.
4. Inspect and service O-rings of impactor assembly.
5. Inspect and service vacuum tubing, tube fittings, and other
connections to pump and electrical components.
7.0 Procedure
Several of the sampler components will need to be maintained and cleaned periodically. Table 5-1
indicates the maintenance schedule of the important sampler components.
7.1 Impactor Well Cleaning.
To clean the impactor well, perform the following tasks:
1. Separate the upper and lower portions of the well.
2. Remove the used filter from the well.
3. Wipe the two halves of the well clean with lint-free wipes.
4. Reassemble the well and place it in the impactor holder.
5. Do not replace the filter and oil unless preparing to sample.
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7.2 Size-Selective Sampler Inlet, Downtube, and Sampler Interior.
This part of the procedure is usually accomplished in the field office.
To dismantle and clean the sampler inlet and clean other components follow these steps:
1. Mark each assembly point of the sampler inlet with a pen or pencil to provide "match marks"
during reassembly.
2. Disassemble the sampler's size-selective inlet unit according to the manufacturer's instructions,
taking care to retain all the parts. An exploded view of the inlet is shown in Figure 5.1. NOTE: If
the assembly screws appear frozen, the application of penetrating oil or commercial lubricant will
make removal easier. Be sure to wipe off any excess oil completely before proceeding.
3. Using a soft brush and lint-free wipes, lightly scrub all interior surfaces of the inlet and bug screen
with distilled water. CAUTION: Some edges may be sharp!. Pay particular attention to small
openings and crevices. Lint-free wipes and/or a small soft brush are most helpful in these areas.
Using wipes moistened with distilled water, remove any remaining deposits. Completely dry all
components.
4. Reassemble the unit in reverse order by aligning the parts according to the previously scribed
match marks. Take particular care to ensure that all O-ring seals are properly seated, sealed, and
lubricated and that all screws are uniformly tightened.
5. Clean the downtube interior by forcing or pulling a plug of water-moistened, lint-free wipes
through the tube with a dowel. Do not scrape or abrade the interior surfaces. Allow to dry.
Inspect the O-rings.
6. With the impactor assembly open, inspect the interior of the impactor housing, both above and
below the impactor well. These areas should be clean, dry, and free from oil. If necessary, clean
the areas with a lint-free wipe. Clean the interior of the impactor jet using a lint-free pipe cleaner
or similar tool. The upper impactor housing may be removed to do this. Do not score or abrade
the jet orifice surfaces.
7. Without removing them, check all the O-rings for distortion, cracks, fraying, lack of a light coating
of vacuum grease, or other problems. Replace or recondition as necessary.
8. Close the impactor and filter holder assembly to keep out dust.
9. Wipe down or dust the interior of the sampler's main unit to remove bugs, dirt, and/or water
deposits that may have collected inside the unit. Inspect the cooling air intake filter and clean or
replace it if necessary.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 5
PEPF-5.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 6
7.3 Service and Replacement of O-rings and Tubing
There are 12 or more O-rings in the flow path of the BGI PQ200A sampler. O-rings are also part of
the flow rate adapter and the Chinook Streamline Flow Transfer Standard. Plastic tubes connect
sampler components to the pump. A small plastic tube connects the atmospheric pressure sensor to
the exterior of the sampler's main case. Flexible rubber or plastic tubing is also part of the flow rate
and pressure sensors used in verification and calibration.
It is expected that some of the O-rings and tubing will need to be serviced and replaced as use and
exposure to the elements degrade them. To detect problems and make repairs, follow these guidelines.
> Frequently inspect O-rings that hold the sampler inlet and the downtube in place. These O-rings are
subject to wear each time the portable sampler is assembled and disassembled.
> To allow the inlet and downtube and the downtube and upper impactor housing to fit together
easily, put a light coat of silicone vacuum grease on their O-rings and wipe off any excess with a
laboratory tissue. Resist the temptation to apply too much grease. It is the O-ring that makes the
seal, not the grease! Excessive grease may dissolve in the O-ring and cause it to wear out sooner.
> Inspect the O-rings in the assemblies that hold the WINS impactor and the filter/cassette. These O-
rings must be free of dust or debris that could score or indent and create leakage channels. A
flashlight and magnifying lens may be needed to get a good look to detect brittleness, cracks, or
indentations. These O-rings are not subject to sliding friction and generally do not need to be
coated with silicone grease.
* Suspect O-rings as the cause of leak check failures, but first determine that sealing pressure is
adequate and look for loose tubing or connecting fittings.
* Remove O-rings carefully. Do not use tools that could score or nick the metal surfaces and
channels where the O-rings are seated. Use of a plastic or wooden stick to dislodge a faulty O-ring
is preferable to a knife blade! A small metal pin or a dental pick may be used to dig into the O-ring
and pull it away from the channel so it can be grasped and removed.
* Remove all grease and dust from the metal channel before inserting a new O-ring. Be sure the new
O-ring is properly aligned and fully seated before use.
* Inspect all types of tubing for cracks and brittleness. Replace as needed. Cracks often occur at the
point where the tube is connected to a port or fitting.
* Periodically inspect all compression fittings, electrical connections, mounting screws or bolts, etc.
for signs of loosening due to use and vibration. Tighten or replace as needed. Unusual noises or
excessive vibration may indicate something is loosening.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 5
PEPF-5.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 6
M58
Figure 5.1. Exploded view inlet unit.
Part Number
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
Description
#6-32 x 3/8" Philips pan head screw
inlet top
spacer
screen
inlet sub top
inlet body
O-ring
Part Number
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
Description
inlet tube
1/4 x 3/8 NPT adapter
1/4 NPT nipple
jar top
1/4 NPT plug
glass jar
O-ring
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 0 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 6
Verifications
6.01 Leak Check Procedures
6.02 Barometric Pressure Verification
6.03 Temperature Verification
6.04 Flow Rate Verification
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Leak Check Procedures
for the BGIPQ200A Sampler
SOP: PEPF-6.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
Scope and Applicability
Summary of Method
Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Pag
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
5
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 6
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to performing the mandatory external leak check procedure for the FRM PEP. Each
portable FRM sampler will be checked for leaks before the flow rate verification. The leak check
procedure verifies the integrity of the WINS and air handling tubes and fittings up to and including the
FRM's flow rate measurement sensor. Each manufacturer's equipment is somewhat different, so consult
the operations manual for specific instructions applicable to a particular FRM sampler. NOTE: This
SOP applies only to the BGI PQ200A air sampler.
2.0 Summary of Method
The leak check procedure is used to verify that the air handling system in the sampler is adequately free
from leakage that could cause either the flow rate to be measured incorrectly or filtration artifacts. The
BGI PQ200A sampler automatically determines leakage by pulling a vacuum on the internal air volume of
the totally assembled sampler, sealing the volume by closing valves, and monitoring the internal pressure
change for a period of 10 minutes. If the internal pressure increases too rapidly, a leak is indicated, and
troubleshooting procedures must be followed to stop the leak. The leak check must be successful before
flow rate verification can be performed. An internal leak check procedure to assess leakage within the
filter assembly is also described as a troubleshooting procedure.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
> At the conclusion of the leak check, it is very important to open the flow rate adapter
valve slowly to avoid creation of rapidly moving air currents that could
spread impactor oil and other contaminants throughout the system.
* Ensure that the filter cassette is properly seated and the cam is properly closed to ensure a good
seal.
* Do not connect any other device to the flow rate adapter when conducting this procedure.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
ป BGI PQ200A air sampler
> Clean filter in transport cassette, designated as a leak check or flow check filter. This filter is not
to be used for sampling. This filter may be used repeatedly for leak checks and flow rate
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 6
verifications, and multipoint flow rate calibrations. When this filter becomes soiled, it should be
discarded. However, the cassette is retained.
* Flow rate adapter with valve to close flow ( See Figure 6.1)
> Impermeable disk for internal leak check (stainless steel or plastic film)
ป Field Data Sheet
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Conducting an External Leak Check
1. Insert a leak check filter/transport cassette into the filter holder. Label or mark the leak check
filter/transport to ensure it will not be mistaken as a sample filter. Also be certain a WINS
impactor well is present. Close the assembly by rotating the cam clockwise until an audible
"click" is heard.
2. Remove the size-selective inlet from the downtube and place the flow rate adapter on the top of
the downtube. Close the valve on the adapter to prevent air flow.
3. From the Main menu of the BGI PQ200A, use the arrow keys until * Test and
Calibration Menu flashes. Press SELECT to enter the Test menu.
4. From the Test menu, press the down arrow until * Leak Test flashes. Press SELECT.
ThePQ200 LEAK TEST: In Progress! screen will be displayed. Ensure that the flow
path is sealed (i.e., the valve on the flow rate adapter is closed and the cam is rotated fully
clockwise to seal the WINS and filter assembly securely in place) and press SELECT to begin
evacuating the system.
5. The PQ200A will automatically evaluate the performance of the system and report whether the
system passed or failed the leak test. The pump will come on and begin to pull a vacuum on the
system. When a vacuum in excess of 75 cm water is attained, the pump will cut off and a timer
will begin to count forlO minutes. The initial (locked) pressure is displayed on the left side of the
screen. This pressure reading will be a number in excess of 75 cm of water column. Enter the
initial pressure in the place provided on the Field Data Sheet (Appendix C).
6. In order to pass the test, the actively displayed differential system pressure (shown on the right
side of the screen as "SP") must not drop by more than 10 cm of water column during the 10-
minute timing interval. At the end of a 10-minute period, the BGI PQ200A panel display will
indicate whether the sampler passed or failed the leak test. Record the final pressure on the Field
Data Sheet. Indicate whether the leak check was successful by circling "Yes" or "No."
7. If the leak test was passed, slowly release the vacuum on the system by slowly opening the
valve on the flow rate adapter. Remove the flow rate adapter and put the inlet back on the
downtube. Remove the filter. Discard the filter or retain it for future leak tests or flow rate
verifications or calibrations. Proceed with the verification checks.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 6
8. If the leak test was failed, investigate and correct any malfunctions as described in the following
section. Slowly release the vacuum on the system by slowly opening the valve on the flow
rate adapter.
NOTE: The leak test must be successful before performing the flow rate verification and before the
sampler is used to acquire a PE sample.
7.1.1 Troubleshooting When the Leak Check Fails
The following troubleshooting procedures should be followed when a sampler does not pass the leak check
after several tries:
1. Slowly release the vacuum on the system by slowly opening the valve on the flow rate
adapter.
2. Make sure the flow rate adapter is securely seated on the downtube and that the valve is
completely closed.
3. Make sure the WINS and filter cassette assembly is securely closed. If it is not, close it tightly. It
may be necessary to make minor adjustments to the cam follower's position using the cam
follower adjustment nut so the cam, when in the "closed" position, holds the WINS and filter
assembly together more tightly.
4. Make sure the filter cassette was securely closed and placed in the filter housing during the leak
test.
5. Visually inspect tubing for cracks or loose connections.
6. Visually examine the O-rings in the flow rate adapter, WINS, and filter holder for cracks,
deformation, or improper seating.
7. If no reason for leakage is readily apparent, increase the compression between the upper and
lower housings of the WINS assembly by slightly adjusting the length of the cam follower by
turning the knurled ring. The knurled ring is located just above the cam follower.
8. If the problem was discovered and rectified, perform a second external leak check. If the problem
was not discovered, proceed to an internal leak check.
It may be helpful to carry out the internal leak check procedure (described below) to isolate the location of
the leak(s) to a point before or after the filter cassette.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 6
7.2 Conducting an Internal Leak Check
Conduct the internal leak check as follows:
1. Slowly release the vacuum on the system by slowly opening the valve on the flow rate
adapter. Keep this valve open.
2. Insert an impermeable disk for internal leak check (stainless steel or plastic film) the same size,
shape, and rim thickness of the normally used Teflon filter. This disk effectively seals and
isolates the air space from beneath the solid disk to the solenoid valve before the pump assembly.
3. Perform the internal leak check. For the BGI PQ200A, the check sequence is the same as
described above for the external leak check except that the flow rate device valve is open to the
atmosphere.
4. If no leakage is present, the internal leak check is passed and the external leak, if there was one,
must be located somewhere above the filter. If leakage is present, confine the search for the leak
to the area below the filter disk.
5. If the problem was discovered and rectified, perform the external leak check again (7.1).
If the problem cannot be located and the sampler continues to fail the leak checks, the sampler requires
further troubleshooting and maintenance and must not be used for the PE.
0.098 for AS568-026
O-Ring
-3/8-j
0.02 Chamfer
-1-1/8-
-1-1/2-
.098forAS568-026
O-Ring
. 1/4-in. NPT
Brass Air Hose Cock
or Equivalent with a
3/8-in. Hose Barb and
1/4-in. Male Pipe Threads
NOTE: Material is Aluminum
6061-T6
Figure 6.1. Flow rate adapter.
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 6
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler,"
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods.
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 4
Field Standard Operating Procedures
for the PM2 5 FRM Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Barometric Pressure Verification Check
SOP: PEPF-6.02
Name (printed)
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Page
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 4
1.0 Scope and Applicability
NOTE: The following information applies only to the BGI Model PQ200A portable FRM sampler and
specified calibration devices. Specific information herein may not be applicable to other makes or models
of equipment.
This SOP applies to verifying the barometric pressure measurement system of the BGI PQ200A Portable
PM2 5 Sampler. Operations covered in this SOP include routine functional check procedures for the
pressure measurement system.
2.0 Summary of Method
The BGI PM2 5 sampler has a built-in atmospheric pressure sensor whose output is processed to allow
control of the sampling flow rate to the design value of 16.7 L/min under actual ambient conditions of
temperature and pressure.
To perform a routine verification, the barometric pressure sensor reading is verified at ambient pressure
by comparison to the reading from an external standard of known accuracy. If a pressure difference of
more than 10 mmHg is observed, a multipoint verification/calibration of the pressure-sensing and display
system is required before the FRM sampler may be used to perform an evaluation.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
> Protect all types of barometers from mechanical shock and sudden changes in pressure. A
barometer subjected to either of these events must be recalibrated by comparing it to a laboratory
mercury column barometer(or other NIST-Traceable standard) and either adjusting it or
establishing an offset correction. Minimize the vertical and horizontal temperature gradients
across the barometer and avoid direct sunlight, drafts, and vibrations.
* Barometers should be allowed some time to adjust to temperature and pressure differences.
During transport and assembly of the instrument, also transport the barometer to the sampling
platform so that it may equilibrate for an hour before use.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 4
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
The following equipment and materials are required for barometric pressure verification checks:
ป Field Data Sheet
* Portable, NIST-traceable barometer for field barometric pressure verifications, Druck digital absolute
pressure indicator, Model No. DPI 705
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Field Verification of Barometric Pressure System
The FRM sampler's barometric pressure sensing system is verified by comparing the sampler reading to
that of the portable barometer at ambient conditions, as described in the following steps:
1. Unpack, install, and power the sampler at the site as described in SOPs PEPF-4.01 and PEPF-
5.01.
2. Unpack the portable barometer transfer standard and place it near the sampler. Turn on the power
and set the readout units and operating mode as follows:
a) Set the portable barometer to read in units of "mmHg" (also known as "Torr").
b) Set the portable barometer to operate in the "absolute" pressure mode, not "gauge" or
"differential" pressure mode. [NOTE: On the "absolute" scale, the ambient atmospheric
pressure should usually be between 600 and 760 mmHg, depending on altitude. If the
barometer's reading is zero, or close to zero, it is likely that it is set to "gauge" or
"differential" mode.]
3. Record the pressure readings from the sampler (Samp. Pressure) and the portable barometer (Std.
Pressure) on the Field Data Sheet (App C).
4. If the two readings are within 10 mmHg of each other, the verification of the portable FRM
monitor's pressure sensor is satisfactory. Carefully pack up the portable barometer transfer
standard and continue with the remaining verification procedures.
5. If the deviation is greater than 10 mmHg, the sampler's pressure measurement system may be
damaged and it should be serviced and a multipoint verification/calibration procedure performed
(see PEPF-7.01). A spare portable sampler must be installed at the site
NOTE: There is also a possibility that the check standard, rather than the sampler's pressure system,
is faulty. If possible, check the routine PM25 sampler's barometric pressure and if this reading is
within 10 mmHg of the portable samplers, record this on the Field Data Sheet and use the portable
instrument that has been installed at the site. Inform the WAM of the problem to see if a spare
portable barometric pressure check device can be sent to the field or be on hand for the next sampling
visit. Take the faulty check device in for repairs as soon as possible.
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 0
Page: 4 of 4
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,
2. BGI Incorporated. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - PQ200A
Audit Sampler," .
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods.
4. SPK Druck User's Manual for the digital absolute pressure indicator, Model DPI 705.
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 4
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Temperature Verification
SOP: PEPF-6.03
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8..References
Pag
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 4
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to verifying the temperature measurement system for the FRM PE sampler. Operations
covered in this SOP include verification checks for the two temperature sensors in the BGI PQ200A unit.
2.0 Summary of Method
Temperature sensors are verified at a single point using an external temperature standard of known,
NIST-traceable accuracy. If an excessive difference is observed, a multipoint verification/calibration of
the temperature sensor may have to be conducted (see PEPF-7.02).
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
* Be sure that the temperature reference standard used to verify the instrument's sensors has been
calibrated against a NIST-certified standard within the prescribed time period (annually).
* Due to continuous assembly and disassembly of the portable samplers, the ambient temperature
probe's connecting pins may be damaged. Care must be taken at installation when connecting the
pins to the main unit.
> Care must be observed when placing the thermometer's probe through the Gill screen to avoid any
damage to the screen or probe.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
ป VWR digital thermometer, # 61220-601, NIST traceable, with probe
ป Field Data Sheet
* Timepiece
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 4
7.0 Procedure
The response of two temperature sensors (ambient temperature and filter temperature) must be verified
each time the BGI PQ200A portable sampler is set up at a new location.
7.1 Single-Point Field Verification in Ambient Air
To perform a single-point field verification of temperature for the BGI PQ200A. Conduct this
temperature verification test after the sampler is assembled and in place on the site. Proceed as follows:
1. It is best if the sampler has been on the site for at least 1 hour to allow adequate time for the
ambient and filter temperature sensors to reach temperature equilibrium with their surroundings.
2. Place the digital verification thermometer in the same general location as the portable sampler.
Verify that the digital thermometer is influenced by the same environmental conditions as the
portable sampler.
3. Turn on the sampler and display the Main screen. The current temperature and pressure should
be displayed. It is not necessary for the sampler pump to be running.
4. Carefully insert the digital thermometer's sensor probe an inch or two into the space between the
louvers of the Gill screen that encloses the ambient temperature sensor so that the probe tip is in
close proximity to the ambient sensor.
5. Wait until the digital thermometer's reading is stable and compare it to the ambient temperature
reading displayed on the Main screen. If the temperatures agree within ฑ 2ฐC, the ambient
temperature sensor response is acceptable. If not, go to Step 10.
6. Remove the sensor probe from the Gill screen. Record information on the Field Data Sheet (App
C)
7. Open the door of the main unit, open the filter holder assembly, and remove the cassette to a clean
location.
8. Place the digital thermometer's sensor probe tip within ~1 cm of the filter temperature sensor in
the bottom portion of the filter assembly.
9. Allow the thermometer's reading to stabilize and compare the reading to that displayed on the
Main screen for the filter temperature. If the temperatures agree within ฑ 2 ฐC, the filter
temperature sensor response is acceptable. Proceed to Step 11. If not go to step 10.
10. If the two readings are outside acceptance criteria, wait longer (10 to 15 minutes) for temperature
equilibration to occur, and repeat the procedure. If the readings still do not agree, and the FS does
not feel it can be rectified, and the problem is not with the digital verification thermometer, replace
the portable sampler with a spare sampler and repeat the procedure.
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 4
NOTE: If the reporting organization operator is at the site, he/she may be able to check the
routine monitor's temperature sensors. If they are in agreement with the portable samplers, this
may indicate a problem with the digital verification thermometer. If there is agreement, the
portable sampler can remain set up. However, indicate the verification problem on the data form
and proceed with troubleshooting the verification thermometer.
11. Remove the thermometer probe from the sampler. Return the filter assembly to its normal
configuration.
12. Record information on the verification form.
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,, "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler"
3. Instruction leaflet. Traceableฎ Digital Thermometer. VWR, Inc.
4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. Draft.
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.04
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures
for the PM2 5 FRM Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Flow Rate Verification
SOP: PEPF-6.04
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Pag
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
5
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.04
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 6
1.0 Scope and Applicability
NOTE: The following information is applicable to the BGI Model PQ200A portable FRM
sampler, the Chinook Streamline FTM flow rate transfer standard. Specific information herein
may not be applicable to other makes and models of equipment.
Each reference or Class I equivalent PM2 5 sampler includes a specially designed sample air inlet, a size-
fractionating impactor, and a sample flow rate control system. The particle size discrimination
characteristics of both the inlet and the impactor are critically dependent on specific internal air velocities;
a change in velocity will result in a change in the nominal particle size collected. These velocities are
determined by the actual volumetric flow rate of the sampler.
In addition, the total volume of air sampled is determined from the measured volumetric flow rate and the
sampling time. The mass concentration of PM25 in the ambient air is computed as the total mass of
collected particles in the PM25 size range divided by the total volume of air sampled.
Therefore, in order to control the size-fractionating cutpoints and to measure the total volume correctly,
the sampler's flow rate must be maintained at a constant value that is within +4% of the design flow rate
of 16.67 Lpm. The flow rate of the portable FRM sampler must be verified at each site before the PE
samples are taken.
This SOP should be used in conjunction with SOP PEPF-6.01 (Leak Checks), PEPF-6.02 (Barometric
Pressure), and PEPF-6.03 (Temperature).
2.0 Summary of Method
A single-point verification of the sampler flow rate is performed prior to each use of the BGI sampler in a
PE. If the verification check is outside the tolerance of+4%, and no reason can be found for the
discrepancy, a multipoint verification/calibration of the sampler is performed (see PEPF-7.03). After the
multipoint verification/calibration, the flow rate is verified again to confirm that the +4% tolerance has
been achieved.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
-------
FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
PEPF-6.04
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 6
5.0 Cautions
* Do not operate the sampler without the flow verification filter installed.
> Verification of the sampler's flow rate measurement system must be in units of the actual ambient
volumetric flow rate. Do not use "mass flow rate" or "flow rate at standard conditions."
> The portable FRM sampler must pass the verification checks for temperature, pressure, and
internal and external leaks before the flow verification is performed.
> Verify that the Chinook FTS is properly seated on the downtube. The O-rings on the Chinook
FTS must face downward.
> Keep the glass orifice of the Chinook FTS clear of dust by gently scrubbing its surfaces with a
lint-free swab, moistened with isopropyl alcohol. If the glass orifice is ever chipped or broken, the
entire unit must be returned to the vendor for repair and verification/calibration.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
* Chinook Engineering Streamline FTS and carrying case
* Dwyer Series 475-0 Mark III digital manometer
> Flexible, correctly sized, crimp-resistant interconnecting tubing for the above verification devices
* Isopropyl alcohol
> Lint-free swabs
* Hand calculator (scientific)
> Field data sheet
* Time piece
7.0 Procedure
The operating flow rate of 16.67 Lpm is verified before each PE. If the verification result is outside the
required +4% tolerance, a multipoint verification/calibration at three different flow rates may be required.
The one-point verification must be repeated after any three-point calibration as a double-check to ensure
the sampler operates properly at the design flow rate of 16.67 Lpm.
7.1 Flow Rate Verification
Perform the sampler leak, temperature and barometric pressure verification procedures and take any
corrective actions necessary to meet the acceptance criteria before performing this procedure.
1. Record the current ambient pressure (mmHg) and temperature (ฐC) indicated on the BGI
PQ200A display screen on the Field Data Sheet.
2. Install a clean flow rate test filter/transport cassette in the filter holder. This filter should not be
used for sampling or as a blank or QC sample. The flow rate test filter may be reused at other
sites provided that it remains clean and is free from any defects such as tears, pinholes, or
separation from the support ring.
3. Remove the size-selective inlet from the top of the downtube, leaving the downtube in place.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
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Date: 11/22/98
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4. Turn on the manometer by pressing the I/O button. Press the E/M button until the display
indicates "IN WC" (inches of water column)
5. Remove the protective caps from the manometer's air inlets. Adjust the needle valve on the top of
the manometer until the water column reads "0.00"
6. Place the Chinook FTS orifice fitting (O-ring side down) on the downtube entrance. Ensure it
fits smoothly and tightly and is fully pushed onto the downtube. Connect the outlet of the orifice
device to the digital manometer with flexible rubber tubing on the negative "-" inlet.
7. From the Main menu of the sampler's control panel, use the arrow keys until * Test and
Calibration Menu flashes. Press SELECT to enter the Test menu.
8. From the Test menu, press the down arrow until * Verify Flow Calibration flashes.
9. Press SELECT. The Check Flow Now! screen will be displayed and the sampler will then
begin to pump air at the current selected flow rate. Watch the display screen as the flow rate
increases and stabilizes. Allow at least 2 minutes for stabilization. The flow rate may fluctuate
or oscillate. Once the reading is considered stable, observe the high and low values of the
oscillation and record the mean value flow rate on the Field Data Sheet under "Sampler FR".
10. Use the Chinook FTS device to monitor the flow rate at the inlet. Read the inches of water
displaced on the electronic manometer. The manometer reading may fluctuate. Once the reading
is considered stable (1 to 2 minutes), observe the high and low values of the oscillations and
record the mean value flow rate on the Field Data Sheet, and solve the following FTS equation to
calculate Qa, the actual flow rate. All flow rates must be expressed under actual or ambient
conditions, not standard conditions. NOTE: the values of "m" and "b" are specific to each FTS.
mx
Where:
Qa = actual flow rate in liters/minute
m = constant found on FTS certificate of calibration
b = constant found on FTS certificate of calibration
AP = pressure reading from manometer inches H2O
Tamb= ambient temperature in Kelvins1
Pamh= ambient pressure in atmospheres2
1 Kelvin =ฐC +273.15
2 1 atmosphere = 760 mmHg
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
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11. After the flow and pressure readings have been recorded, press the ON/OFF key to exit this
function. Press the blank (MENU) button on the BGI to return to the Main menu.
12. Calculate the offset or error between the flow rate indicated by the sampler readout and the
calculated flow rate from the Chinook FTS. The equation for relative percent difference (RPD)
is as follows:
T-1-1 T-1-1
RPD (%) = ฐWsamP'er "Standard
F1ฐWStandard
13. If the calculated flow rate is outside the +4% tolerance with the BGI, or the sample flow rate is
outside + 5% agreement with the design flow rate, the sampler must be verified/calibrated using
the multipoint verification/calibration procedure. However, the operator should first check that
the sampler and the flow rate measurement equipment are operating properly. Check for the
following and repeat the verification procedure if problems are found:
a. Verify that all fittings and air hoses are tight and that there are no tubing kinks or
obstructions.
b. Verify that the body of the FTS is properly seated on the downtube so that there is no
leakage past the O-rings that seal it to the downtube.
c. Verify that the WINS impactor and filter holder assemblies are closed completely.
d. Visually inspect the sampler and the flow rate measurement equipment. Consider any other
factors that might affect the flow rate measurement or the sampler operation.
e. If any changes are made, including reseating O-rings, remeasure the indicated sampler flow
and the flow rate standard pressure drop. If either has changed, recalculate the percent error.
If the flow rate is still out of tolerance, proceed to verify/calibrate the sampler flow rate
using SOP PEPF-7.03.
7.2 Completion of the Verification or Calibration
Following the verification, disconnect the flow rate standard from the sampler, remove the calibration
adapter, and carefully reinstall the sampler's inlet. Remove the filter/cassette used during the verification
and install a new filter/cassette if it is time to begin sampling.
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual.
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler,"
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 6
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Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 6 of 6
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. Draft.
4. 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L, Section 9.2.
5. Chinook Engineering Chinook Flow Transfer Standard data sheet.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 0 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 7
Multipoint Verification and Calibrations
7.01 Pressure Multipoint Verification/Calibration
7.02 Temperature Multipoint
Verification/Calibration
7.03 Flow Rate Multipoint Verification/Calibration
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures
for the PM2 5 FRM Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Barometric Pressure Multipoint
Verification/Calibration
SOP: PEPF-7.01
Name (printed)
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
Scope and Applicability
Summary of Method
Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Pag
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
5
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
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Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 6
1.0 Scope and Applicability
NOTE: The following information applies only to the BGI Model PQ200A portable FRM sampler and
specified calibration devices. Specific information herein may not be applicable to other makes or models
of equipment.
This SOP applies to verifying/calibrating the barometric pressure measurement system of the BGI PQ200A
Portable PM2 5 Sampler. Recalibration of the PQ200A's pressure sensor should be required only in
exceptional circumstances. Check first for a plugged pressure sensor tube, a malfunctioning pressure
sensor, or defective circuitry before conducting a multipoint pressure calibration.
2.0 Summary of Method
Each reference or Class I equivalent PM2 5 sampler has a built-in atmospheric pressure sensor whose output
is processed to allow control of the sampling flow rate to the design value of 16.7 L/min under actual
ambient conditions of temperature and pressure.
If a pressure difference of more than 10 mmHg between the sampler and the verification barometer is
observed, a multipoint verification/calibration of the pressure-sensing and display system or equipment
maintenance is required before the FRM sampler may be used to perform an evaluation.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
> Protect all types of barometers from mechanical shock and sudden changes in pressure. A
barometer subjected to either of these events must be recalibrated by comparing it to a laboratory
mercury column barometer or other NIST-traceable pressure standard and either adjusting it to
specifications or establishing an offset correction. Minimize the vertical and horizontal
temperature gradients across any barometer and avoid direct sunlight, drafts, and vibrations.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.01
Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 3 of 6
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
The following equipment and materials are required for the barometric pressure verification/calibration
procedure:
> Barometric Pressure Multipoint Verification/Calibration Data Sheet (see Figure 7.1)
* a portable, NIST-traceable barometer having a ฑ 1 mmHg resolution and at least a ฑ 5 mmHg
accuracy. For laboratory calibrations, EPA is supplying the Meriam Instrument digital
manometer/calibrator kit; Model LP200I. For field or laboratory barometric pressure
verifications, EPA is supplying the Druck digital absolute pressure indicator model # DPI 705.
* 3 sections of flexible hose approximately 1 foot in length, and of proper diameter to secure to
connections and fittings
* Plastic "T" adapter for the hose
> 60 mL gas-tight plastic syringe
* Tubing clamps or a pair of hemostats
> Small flat-head screwdriver (for adjusting the sampler)
7.0 Procedure
This procedure must be done annually or after an unacceptable one-point verification check. Multipoint
verification/calibration in the field should be required only rarely. Whenever possible, the multipoint
verification/calibration and any necessary maintenance or repairs should be performed in a laboratory
environment. If the FS has a backup FRM portable sampler at the site, the backup should be used and the
faulty sampler should be recalibrated or repaired in the laboratory.
CAUTION: This procedure makes permanent calibration changes that can affect the
FRM sampler's flow and volume measurements, which in turn affect the mass
concentration results. Before proceeding, carefully check that the calibration equipment
is operating properly and that the transfer standard has been calibrated within the past
year.
1. Be sure that the two originally observed pressure readings made during the verification check have
been recorded on the Barometric Pressure Verification/Calibration Data Sheet.
2. Examine the sampler for obvious physical damage that could be responsible for the discrepancy.
Look for crimped or plugged tubing leading to the pressure sensor, evidence of shipping damage
such as bent or loose components, a damaged pressure transducer, or electrical problems.
3. From the Main screen, take the PQ200A barometric pressure reading and compare it to that of the
NIST-traceable portable barometer. (If the barometer reads in inches, multiply by 25.4 to obtain
mmHg.) Adjust the "OFFSET" pot until the readings agree. The OFFSET pot is located on the
board beneath the pressure transducer.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
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4. Remove the tubing attached to the PI port of the PQ200A (barometric pressure transducer/sensor)
and attach a piece of rubber or Tygon hose to this port. At the end of the hose, attach a plastic
"T" adapter and attach pieces of hose to the other two ends of the "T" adapter.
5. Attach one of the hoses to the NIST-traceable portable barometer's pressure inlet fitting.
6. Attach a gas-tight syringe to the last hose and draw back on the plunger to apply a light suction
until the NIST-traceable barometer reads approximately 100 mmHg below ambient pressure (i.e.,
660 mmHg if ambient pressure was 760 mmHg). Clamp off the hose with a tubing clamp or the
hemostats to prevent leakage and thus hold the pressure steady.
7. Observe the displayed value on the Main screen of the PQ200 sampler. It should agree with the
value displayed by the NIST-traceable barometer within 10 mmHg. If not, adjust the "GAIN"
control until they do agree within 10 mmHg or better. Record both readings on the Barometric
Pressure Verification./Calibration Data Sheet (Figure 7.1) with appropriate comments. Consult
the sampler instruction manual for diagrams of the printed circuit boards to locate the "GAIN"
control.
8. Remove the tubing and syringe and read the NIST-traceable barometer and the PQ200 barometers
at ambient pressure. The two readings should continue to agree within 10 mmHg. Record this
value on the Barometric Pressure Verification/Calibration Data Sheet.
9. Repeat Steps 2 through 8 as necessary until the portable sampler agrees within 10 mmHg pressure
with the NIST-traceable barometer at both points.
10. Reinstall the tubing and syringe as described above. Push the plunger of the syringe in to create a
pressure approximately 30 to 100 mmHg higher than the ambient pressure. Record the values
given by the NIST-traceable barometer and on the PQ200A Main screen on the Barometric
Pressure Verification/Calibration Data Sheet. Do not make any adjustments to the sampler based
on the above-ambient pressure verification check.
11. When the sampler and the standard agree within 10 mmHg for all readings, the pressure
calibration is complete. Remove all tubing and return the sampler to its original condition. Record
the final readings on the Barometric Pressure Verification/Calibration Data Sheet.
12. If the sampler cannot be brought into satisfactory agreement with the NIST-traceable barometer,
troubleshooting and repairs may be required, the pressure sensor may have to be replaced, and/or a
different portable sampler should be used for the PE.
13. Because barometric pressure calibration adjustments affect the sampler's flow rate, the flow rate
must be verified/calibrated before returning the sampler to service.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 6
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual.
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler,"
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. Draft.
4. User's Manual for the Meriam Instrument digital manometer/calibrator kit, Model No. LP200I.
5. User's Manual for the Druck digital pressure indicator, model DPI 705.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 6
Barometric Pressure Multipoint Veriflcation/Recalibration Data Sheet
Use this form when a sampler is scheduled for multipoint verification or recalibration or_ because of an invalid single-point verification
check. See Field SOP PEPF 7.01 for instructions.
Sampler No.:
Reason for multipoint procedure:
Sampler Make/Model:
n failed verification check
n scheduled calibration
Original Verification Results: Fill out this section only if this multipoint procedure is being done because an on-site
single-point verification failed. Verification is done at ambient pressure.
Verif Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Initial Readings: Use this section to record multipoint verification readings and/or readings taken before the sampler is
recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
2. Reduced P
3. Elevated P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Final Readings: Record readings after the sampler's calibration response has been adjusted.
Fill out this section only when performing the multipoint recalibration procedure.
Calib. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
2. Reduced P
3. Elevated P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reveriflcation Results: Fill out this section only if a sampler has been recalibrated.
Verif. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reveriflcation Result: n Pass n Fail
Notes:
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 5
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Temperature Multipoint Verification/Calibration
SOP: PEPF-7.02
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Page
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 5
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to calibrating the temperature measurement system for the FRM PE sampler.
2.0 Summary of Method
Temperature sensors are calibrated by moving them from their mountings in the sampler and placing them
in a constant temperature environment such as a liquid bath or a block of metal of substantial mass. The
sensor port is adjusted so that the sampler read-out value matches that of a NIST-traceable thermometer,
which is collocated with the sampler's temperature sensor. It is recommended that multipoint calibrations
be conducted indoors in a temperature-controlled environment, away from the effects of drafts and sunlight.
Before proceeding with a multipoint temperature calibration, check to be sure that the sensor is not broken
or corroded and that there is no electrical malfunction.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
* Exercise care when using mercury-in-glass thermometers, which can be broken easily. Verify there
are no gaps in the mercury column. If a thermometer is broken, avoid contact with mercury and/or
breathing mercury vapors, and clean up the mercury and dispose of it properly. A NIST-traceable
digital thermometer with probe is an alternative measurement method that avoids mercury.
* When using water baths, avoid wetting thermocouple or thermistor cables and connectors.
> When using water or other liquid as a constant-temperature bath, stir the liquid well prior to the
measurement; however, do not stir while actually taking the measurement.
> Be sure that the temperature reference standard used to verify the instrument's sensors has been
calibrated annually against a NIST-certified standard.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 5
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
ป VWR brand Digital Thermometer Model No. 61220-601
> 4&1/2 digit, precision, calibrated, volt meter
* Total immersion, precision, NIST traceable mercury-in-glass thermometer
> Partial immersion, precision, NIST traceable mercury-in-glass thermometer
* Small slotted screwdriver (required only for verification/calibration to adjust potentiometers)
> Temperature Sensor Multipoint Verification/Calibration Data Sheet
* Thermos bottle and water.
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Set-up and Multipoint Verification
The multipoint temperature verification/calibration procedure is to be used whenever the single-point
verification of either the ambient or filter temperature sensor was out of the 2 ฐC tolerance, when compared
to an NIST-traceable temperature standard. The procedure for performing the multipoint temperature
verification is as follows:
1. Select a minimum of three target temperatures that will be used for the calibration. It is not
necessary to achieve the target temperatures precisely, as long as a NIST-traceable temperature
standard is available to indicate the exact temperature. The temperatures selected should be
representative of the temperature range expected at the site during the PE.
2. A styrofoam thermos or other small container such as a Thermos bottle can be used. Cool water
can be made by dissolving ice in ordinary tap water. Be sure to remove all ice before doing the
temperature verification, however. Other methods may be necessary to achieve sub-freezing
temperatures. Additional temperatures can be checked by adjusting the water bath temperature.
Room temperature (approximately 23 ฐC) an elevated temperature (40 ฐC) are suggested. Remove
the temperature sensor from the sampler and immerse it in the liquid. Also immerse a NIST-
traceable mercury-in-glass thermometer or the probe of a digital thermometer in the liquid bath and
position its tip near the sampler's sensor.
3. Record the temperatures indicated by the sampler readout and by the temperature standard at a
minimum of three points within the expected range of temperatures. The multipoint response is
satisfactory if agreement is within 1 ฐC. If satisfactory, record the results on the Temperature
Sensor Multipoint Verification/Calibration Data Sheet.
4. If the multipoint calibration check was not satisfactory, it is necessary to make adjustments as
described in the next section.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 5
7.2 Calibration Adjustment Procedures
NOTE: A temperature sensor should not be recalibrated if the single-point or multipoint temperature
verification above was satisfactory.
There are two temperature sensor boards in the BGI PQ200 sampler. The filter temperature sensor board
is located on the front panel and the ambient sensor board is located on a bracket attached to the ambient
sensor gauge connector. This adjustment procedure applies to both TEMP SENSOR boards. Consult the
BGI PQ200 instruction manual for details on this procedure. Record results on the Temperature Sensor
Multipoint Verification/Calibration Data Sheet.
1. Adjustments are made while the sensors are immersed in the room temperature water bath. Refer
to Step 2 of the multipoint calibration procedure given above.
2. When confident that the devices are equilibrated and stable, and while the unit is still running,
carefully open the front panel of the PQ200 and locate JP4 on the main printed circuit board.
3. Set up the digital voltmeter for a range that will allow a reading of+2.389 VDC.
4. Attach the negative (black) lead of the meter to the black wire connection of JP4.
5. Touch the positive (red) lead to the test point labeled TP1 on the TEMP SENSOR board to be
calibrated. If the voltage reads somewhere between +2.388 and +2.390, the span will not have to
be set. A higher or lower reading will require adjustment of the span pot. Use a small slotted
screwdriver to adjust the "SPN" trimmer pot on the sensor board.
6. Compare the displayed readings to that of the total immersion thermometer. Adjust the "OFST"
trimmer pot until the readings agree within 0.1 ฐC
7. Repeat this procedure for the other temperature sensor if it was also out of specification.
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,, "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler,"
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 5 of 5
Temperature Sensor Multipoint Veriflcation/Recalibration Data Sheet
Use this form when a sampler is scheduled for multipoint verification or recalibration or_ because of an invalid single-point verification
check. See Field SOP PEPF 7.02 for instructions. Use one form for each T sensor.
Sampler No.:
Sampler Make/Model:
Reason for multipoint procedure: n failed verification check
Sensor Type: n Ambient n Filter n DGM
scheduled calibration
Original Verification Results: Fill out this section only if this multipoint procedure is being done because an on-site single-point
verification failed. Verification is done at ambient temperature.
Verif Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (deg. C)
1 . Ambient T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Initial Readings: Use this section to record multipoint verification readings and/or readings taken before the sensor is recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Date:
Reading (deg. C)
1 . Ambient T
2. Reduced T
3. Elevated T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Final Readings: Record readings after the sensor's calibration response has been adjusted. Fill out this section only when performing the
multipoint recalibration procedure.
Calib. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (deg. C)
1 . Ambient T
2. Reduced T
3 . Elevated T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reverification Results: Fill out this section only if the sensor has been recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (deg. C)
1 . Ambient T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reverification Result: n Pass n Fail
Notes:
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 6
Field Standard Operating Procedures
for the PM2 5 FRM Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Flow Rate Multipoint Verification/Calibration
SOP: PEPF-7.03
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Page
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
5
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 6
1.0 Scope and Applicability
NOTE: The following information is applicable to the BGI Model PQ200A portable FRM
sampler when used with the BIOS DryCal primary flow rate standard. Specific information herein
may not be applicable to other makes and models of equipment.
Each reference or Class I equivalent PM2 5 sampler includes a specially designed sample air inlet, a size-
fractionating impactor, and a sample flow rate control system. The particle size discrimination
characteristics of both the inlet and the impactor are critically dependent on specific internal air velocities;
a change in velocity will result in a change in the distribution of the nominal particle sizes collected. These
velocities are determined by the actual volumetric flow rate of the sampler.
In addition, the total volume of air sampled is determined from the measured volumetric flow rate and the
sampling time. The mass concentration of PM25 in the ambient air is computed as the total mass of
collected particles in the PM25 size range divided by the total volume of air sampled.
Therefore, in order to control the size-fractionating cutpoints and to measure the total volume correctly, the
sampler's flow rate must be maintained at a constant value that is within +5% of the design flow rate of
16.67 Lpm. The flow rate of the portable FRM sampler must be verified at each site before the PE sample
is taken.
This SOP should be employed only if adjustments were made to barometric pressure (PEPF 7.01) and/or
temperature (PEPF 7.02) or if the flow rate verification (PEPF 6.04) showed out-of-tolerance flow rate. .
2.0 Summary of Method
A multipoint flow rate verification/calibration of the sampler is performed once a year. After the
multipoint calibration, the flow rate is verified with the Chinook Streamline FTS again to confirm that
the +4% tolerance has been achieved.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
* Do not operate the sampler without a flow verification filter installed.
> Calibration of the sampler's flow rate measurement system must be in the units of the actual
ambient volumetric flow rate. Do not use "mass flow rate" or "flow rate at standard conditions."
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 7
PEPF-7.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 6
The portable FRM sampler must pass the verification check for external leaks before the flow
verification/calibration is performed.
Do not calibrate the flow rate measurement system if there is any doubt that the temperature and
pressure measurement systems also are not in calibration. If there is doubt, verify/calibrate the
temperature and pressure sensors.
Verify tight connections exist between the BIOS flow rate standard and the sampler. This
includes all o-ring seals and hose connections.
When the equipment is not in use, cap all entrance points to the BIOS primary flow calibrator
and store in a protective case or container.
6.0 Equipment
* A flow rate calibration adapter and tubing to connect the primary flow rate standard outlet to the
PM25 sampler downtube.
ป The BIOS Model DryCal DC-Lite piston flowmeter will be supplied for use in the FRM PEP.
* Chinook Engineering Streamline FTS
* Dwyer Series 475-0 Digital Manometer
> Flow Rate Multipoint Verification/Calibration Data Sheet.
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Overview
The operating flow rate of 16.67 Lpm is verified before each PE. If the verification result is outside the
required +5% tolerance for agreement with the design flow rate of 16.67 Lpm, a multipoint calibration at
three different flow rates may be required. The one-point verification must be repeated after any three-
point calibration as a double-check to ensure the sampler operates properly at the design flow rate of 16.67
Lpm.
Calibration of the sampler's flow rate measurement system consists of three separate flow rate
measurements (a multipoint calibration) approximately evenly spaced over the range of -10 % to +10 % of
the sampler's operational flow rate. Adjustments to the sampler's pump speed are made through entries to
the calibration screen keyboard so that the sampler's indicated flow rates are brought into agreement with
the flow rate as measured by the BIOS flow standard device.
7.2 Multipoint Flow Rate Verification/Calibration
CAUTION: This procedure makes changes to the internal calibration of the FRM
sampler. Do not proceed unless you are certain that verification/calibration is necessary.
This calibration is best performed at an indoor location.
The sampler's flow rate measurement system is recalibrated using three separate flow rate measurements
evenly spaced within the range of -10 % to +10 % of the sampler's operational flow rate. Given that the
operational flow rate is 16.67 Lpm, the two other calibration points will be 15.00 Lpm and 18.33 Lpm.
Results are recorded on the Flow Rate Multipoint Verification/Calibration Data Sheet.
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1. Remove the size-selective inlet from the BGIPQ200A sampler.
2. Firmly attach the flow rate calibration adapter to the top of the downtube.
3. Using rubber tubing, attach the vacuum side of the BIOS dry-cal primary flow rate standard to the
barbed inlet of the calibration adapter.
4. From the Main menu, use the arrow buttons until * Test and Calibration Menu
flashes. Press SELECT to enter the Test and Calibration menu.
5. From the test and calibration menu, use the arrow buttons until * Select and calibrate
a Flow Rate flashes. Press SELECT. The Volume or Mass Control? message
will be displayed. The current selection will be flashing on the second line.
6. Press the arrow button to select (VOLUME) .
7. The next screen will display Target Q: 16.7 LPM. and Volume on the first line. The
numeric value will be flashing. (The second and third lines display the current ambient
temperature and barometric pressure, and the ambient temperature and barometric pressure for the
current calibration. The "current" calibration is the one residing in memory from the most recent
calibration.)
8. Press SELECT (NEXT). The value preceding the decimal place will stop flashing, indicating it
can be edited.
9. Repeat the following for the three flow rates: 15.0 Lpm, 16.7 Lpm, and 18.3 Lpm:
a. Use the arrow (EDIT) buttons to increase or decrease the selected value. When done press
SELECT (NEXT). The value following the decimal will then stop flashing.
b. Again use the arrow keys to select the decimal value. Press the blank (EXIT) button to return
to the second Set-Ups menu.
c. Press the ON/OFF (PUMP) button to turn on the pump. The Corrected Q: message
will then display. (The corrected Q value shown is for reference only.)
d. Use the arrow keys to adjust the pump speed to obtain the desired flow rate as indicated by the
value displayed by the BIOS dry-cal flow calibrator. The arrow keys are used for fine
adjustments of the pump speed. To make coarse adjustments, hold the SELECT key and the
up or down arrow key simultaneously.
e. When satisfied that the flow rate is correct, press the blank (OK) button to lock the calibration
into memory.
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f. Repeat for all three flow rates: 15.0, 16.7, and 18.3 Lpm. Repeat the 16.67 Lpm calibration to
return the system to the flow rate set point.
10. After successful calibration, repeat the verification test using the Chinook FTS to ensure the
sampler is operating within ฑ 4 % of 16.67 Lpm, the designated flow rate set point.
8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual,
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - PQ200A Audit
Sampler,"
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. Draft.
4. 40CFR Part 50, Appendix L, Section 9.2
5. BIOS Model DryCal DC-Lite Operating Instructions.
6. Chinook Engineering, Chinook Flow Transfer Standard data sheet.
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Flow Rate Multipoint Veriflcation/Recalibration Data Sheet
Use this form when a sampler is scheduled for multipoint verification or recalibration or because of an invalid single-
point verification check. See Field SOP PEPF 7.03 for instructions.
Sampler No.:
Reason for multipoint procedure:
Sampler Make/Model:
failed verification check
scheduled calibration
Original Verification Results: Fill out this section only if this multipoint procedure is being done because an on-site
single-point verification failed. Verification is done at ambient pressure and temperature.
Verif Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b
Initial Readings: Use this section to record multipoint verification readings and/or readings taken before the sampler is
recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
2. Design FR - 10%
3. Design FR+ 10%
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b
Final Readings: Record readings after the sampler's calibration response has been adjusted.
Fill out this section only when performing the multipoint recalibration procedure.
Calib. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
2. Design FR - 10%
3. Design FR+ 10%
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b
Reveriflcation Results: Fill out this section only if a sampler has been recalibrated.
Verif. Std. Make/Model:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b
Reveriflcation Result: n Pass n Fail
Notes:
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 8
Sample Filter Handling
8.01 Conducting the Filter Exposure
8.02 Filter Sample and Data Retrieval
8.03 Filter Packing and Shipment
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Conducting the Filter Exposure
SOP: PEPF-8.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
8. References
Pag
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
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1.0 Scope and Applicability
NOTE: The following information is applicable to the BGI Model PQ200A portable FRM
sampler. Specific information herein may not be applicable to other makes and models of
samplers.
This SOP describes how to set up the BGI PQ200A sampler to start and end sampling for a 24-hour
period, midnight-to-midnight.
Before collecting the PE Sample, the sampler must have successfully passed the leak, barometric pressure,
temperature, flow rate verification and time checks. Activities concerning sampling filter receipt,
examination, installation, use, retrieval, packaging, and shipment must be documented in accordance with
instructions given in the COC SOP, PEPF-9.01.
2.0 Summary of Method
The PE sample must be taken over a 24-hour period from midnight to midnight. Other topics covered in
this SOP include interpreting controller screens during programming and sample collection, and
downloading of data from the PQ200A. PM25 filter/cassettes should be removed within 8 to 48 hours after
sampling has ended and shipped within 8 hours of filter removal.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
> Exercise care in handling unexposed and exposed filters.
* Strictly follow all procedures concerning labeling, documenting, and transporting filters (in their
cassettes) to reduce the chance for measurement errors.
* Ensure that the portable computer or other data storage device used for downloading data is in
good condition and that the battery is sufficiently charged.
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6.0 Equipment and Supplies
ป BGI PQ200A Air Sampler
ป COC Form
ป Field Data Sheet
> Impactor well loaded with 37mm glass fiber filter and diffusion oil
* Preweighed Teflon filter in cassette, with metal filter caps, in plastic resealable antistatic
cassette bag
* 9x12" scalable plastic shipping bags
* Marker (indelible ink )
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Cassette Inspection
Handle the cassette as indicated in PEPF-3.01. Prior to working with cassettes, clean your hands with
alcohol wipes or clean water.
1. Filter cassettes will remain with filter caps on, in the antistatic filter cassette bags, and be double
bagged into 9 x 12" self-sealing shipping bags until they are to be ready to be put into the portable
sampler (see Figure 8.1)
2. Remove one cassette, still in its antistatic self sealing cassette bag, from the 9 x 12" shipping bag.
3. Remove the cassette from the antistatic self-sealing cassette bag. Save this bag for post sample
transport! Place this bag in the interior of the portable sampler.
4. Carefully remove the filter caps and place them on top of the antistatic self-sealing plastic cassette
bag interior side down.
5. Hold the cassette in a manner that will avoid touching any part of the filter.
6. Visually inspect the filter and cassette for defects before use. Look for the following types of
defects:
loose or improperly fitting cassette
filter offset or wrinkled
cassette number does not match COC information
pinhole A small hole
loose materialAny extra loose material or dirt particles on the filter.
discolorationAny obvious discoloration that might be evidence of contamination.
filter nonuniformityAny obvious visible nonuniformity in the appearance of the filter when
viewed over a light table or black surface that might indicate gradations in porosity or density
across the face of the filter.
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otherAny imperfections not described above that could affect the filter's weight or cause
sampled air to bypass the filter medium.
nrinnnnnna
Cap
Upper Half
of Cassette
Filter
Stainless Steel
Screen
Lower Half
of Cassette
Cap
Figure 8.1. Filter cassette equipment and filter cassette in
antistatic sample bag.
7. Return any filter/cassettes with visible
damage or imperfections to the weighing
laboratory along with the voided COC Form.
Use a spare filter in place of the defective
filter.
8 If the filter is acceptable, install the cassette
per instructions in 7.2 . Fill in the "Transport
of Filter and Field Site Information" on the
COC Form that associated with this cassette.
9. Indicate the filter type (RO-Routine, FB-Field
Blank, CO-Collocated) on the antistatic self-
sealing cassette bag as well as the "Filter
Type" area on the COC Form.
10. Place filter caps together (exterior side out) an
place in the same antistatic self-sealing plastic
cassette bag from which the came, seal the
bag, and store in the portable sampler until
sample collection is complete.
7.2 Impactor and Cassette Installation
This procedure includes temporarily inserting a
field blank into the sampler, if a field blank will be
implemented at the sampling site.
Prior to working with cassettes, clean your hands
with alcohol wipes or clean water.
NOTE: The portable sampler is transported to the site with a transport cassette and a WINS impactor
assembly without diffusion oil installed inside the main unit. See SOP PEPF 5.01 for steps to properly
check the filter cassette and the WINS impactor, and for adding the 37-mm glass fiber filter and
diffusion oil to the WINS impactor before starting a sample.
1. Install a WINS impactor loaded with a 37-mm glass fiber filter and diffusion oil per SOP PEPF-
5.01.
2. Select a filter per Section 7.1 above.
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3. Open the main unit door and carefully rotate the handle counterclockwise using both hands to
expose the transport cassette and WINS assemblies. (CAUTION: Once the assembly has started
to open, the weight of the two plates will tend to force the whole assembly open even further.)
4. The transport filter cassette and the WINS impactor should now be visible. If not, gently separate
the filter cassette or WINS impactor from its respective upper housing.
5. Remove the transport cassette assembly, place it inside a storage container, and set it inside the
main unit. Be sure this cassette is labeled to distinguish it from a sample cassette. If performing a
field blank, go to Step 6; if not, go to Step 10.
Field Blank
6. If performing a field blank, install the field blank filter. The Teflon filter medium needs to be
facing up toward the WINS impactor.
7. Close the assembly by slowly rotating the handle clockwise 3/4 of a turn. Watch the filter cassette
and WINS impactor to ensure that they are seated properly and that the assemblies close securely.
8. Open the assembly and remove the field blank.
9. Cap the blank filter/cassette assembly with the same filter cap and place it in the same antistatic
self-sealing cassette bag from which it was removed. Seal the bag and place it into the main unit
compartment. The blank will stay in the main unit the same length of time as the routine filter.
Make sure you have indicated the field blank on the cassette bag and on the COC Form.
Routine PE Filter
10. Install the sampling filter cassette in the filter cassette housing. The Teflon filter medium must
face up toward the WINS impactor.
11. Close the assembly by slowly rotating the handle clockwise 3/4 of a turn. Watch the filter cassette
and WINS impactor to ensure that they are seated properly and that the assemblies close securely.
7.3 Acquiring a 24-hour PE Sample
To comply with EPA regulation the 24-hour filter sampling begins at midnight (00:00) and concludes at
midnight of the next day. The total sampling period is programed for 24 hours (1440 minutes). However,
if sampling during some other time period is required by the WAM, consult Addendum 1 to this SOP for
instructions on resetting the sampling times in the BGI PQ200A air sampler. Addendum 2 describes the
procedure to use if it is necessary to briefly stop and restart the sampler during a sampling period.
Addendum 3 describes the controller screen outputs available for status monitoring during an exposure.
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This procedure refers to use of the PQ200A control panel shown in Figure 8.2. Proceed as follows:
1. Install the PE filter cassette per Section 7.2 above. Ensure all data have been recorded on the
Field Data Sheet and COC Form.
2. Verify that the reporting organization site operator has installed a filter in the routine sampler that
is scheduled to be evaluated.
3. Enter the 4-digit cassette ID and the 9-digit AIRS site ID into the PQ200A as described in 7.3.1
4. Program the FRM sampler's software to perform the evaluation (section 7.3.1 below)
5. Close the samplers' doors, pack up loose supplies, pick up trash, and secure the site for the 24-
hour exposure period. It is not necessary for the FS or site operator to be present at midnight,
when the samplers start or end the sampling exposure.
6. It is recommended, but not required, that the FS or site operator visit the site at a convenient time
during the exposure to verify that there are no problems with either sampler (see Addendum 3).
Such a visit allows a defective run to be terminated so that a replacement exposure can be
scheduled as soon as possible.
7.3.1 Setting up the BGI PQ200A Air Sampler for the 24-hour PE Exposure
Data from the previous run should already have been downloaded from the PQ200A prior to acquisition of
the sample. However, the instrument will alert the FS if the data have not been downloaded. Set up the
BGI PQ200A's controller as follows:
1. Go to the main screen and confirm that the date and time are correctly set.
2. Scroll to "Set-ups and Download", hit Select key. At "More Selections" hit Select key.
3. Scroll to "Enter Site and Filter Information", hit Select key.
4. Scroll thru (use key) characters to program in the cassette ID (4 digit number).
5. Go back to the Main menu
6. From the Main menu of the PQ200A's controller screen, use the arrow keys until * Run Sampler
from Midnight to Midnight flashes
7. Press SELECT. If the unit has been previously downloaded the following message will be displayed;
Clearing Memory. Please Wait!
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If the unit has not been downloaded the following message will be displayed:
Current Data Not Yet Downloaded!
EXIT now or loose the current run data!
and then;
Alarm Triggered Run, Saving Data!
and then;
PQ200A Powering Down.
The PQ200A is then programmed to power itself on and begin sampling at midnight.
7.3.2 Data Displayed While the PQ200A is Running
During the exposure run, the PQ200A display will provide certain status information that may be useful in
verifying that an exposure session is proceeding properly (see addendum 3).
nSRAYAREA
B3JNC.
PQ200
Figure 8.2. Sampler control panel.
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8.0 References
1. BGI Inc. May 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual.
2. BGI Inc. August 1998. PQ200 Air Sampler Instruction Manual, "Appendix H - Audit Version -
PQ200A."
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 1998. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution
Measurement Systems, Volume II, Part II, Section 2.12. Monitoring PM25 in Ambient Air Using
Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. Draft.
Addendum 1 - Running the Sampler with User-Defined Start/Stop Times
NOTE: FRM PEs are ordinarily conducted midnight-to-midnight. This addendum is included for
completeness, or in case the FS, directed by the WAM, to adjust the start and end times to account for
exceptional conditions such as daylight savings time changes or crossing time zones.
Be sure to note the exceptional exposure time on the Field Data Sheet.
Data from a previous run should be downloaded prior to use of this function. However, the instrument
will alert the operator if any previously acquired data has not been downloaded.
From the Main menu, use the arrow keys until * Setups and Download flashes. Press
SELECT
From the Set-Ups and Download menu, use the arrow keys until * Run w/ User Defined
Start/Stop flashes. Press SELECT.
The Set the sample Start Date and Time message will be displayed. The current
selection will be flashing on the second line.
Press SELECT (NEXT) . The first value (Day of the Month) will stop flashing, indicating it can be
edited.
Use the arrow (EDIT) buttons to increase or decrease the selected value. When done press
SELECT (NEXT).
Continue to press the SELECT (NEXT) and arrow (EDIT) buttons in this fashion to enter the
desired date and time.
When done setting the start date and time, press the blank (EXIT) button to continue. If the unit
has been previously downloaded, the following message will be displayed;
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Clearing Memory. Please Wait!
The Set the sample STOP DATE and TIME message will be displayed. The current
selection will be flashing on the second line.
Use the same procedure to set the stop date and time. When done, press the blank (EXIT) button to
return to the Set-Ups and Download screen. Select * More Selections, then * Return
to Main Screen.
Addendum 2 - Temporary Halt then Continue Sampling
During a PE sampling period, it is not desirable to halt sampling operations during a run for either the
portable FRM PE sampler or the fixed site sampler. However, in an emergency it may be necessary to
suspend sampling for a brief period. Be sure to note any interruption of sampling on the Field Data
Sheet. Specify the time and duration of the interruption and the reason. Interruptions of both the
portable sampler and the fixed site sampler should be noted.
A 24-hour sample may be suspended for up to 10 minutes and still remain a legitimate sample according to
EPA rules. Therefore, a means to temporarily halt and then resume sampling has been incorporated into
the BGI PQ200A. To halt the sampler, simply press the ON/OFF button. The unit will jump to the
Main menu and will display the message;
Halted by Operator!
To continue with the current sample run;
From the Main menu, use the arrow keys until * Setups and Download flashes. Press
SELECT
From the Set-Ups and Download menu, use the arrow keys until * Continue with
Current Run flashes. Press SELECT.
The sampler will then resume the run. However, observe that the elapsed time did not change while the unit
was halted.
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Addendum 3 - Monitoring Status while the BGI PQ200A is Running
While the PQ200A air sampler is running, the display should appear similar to this:
ETOOO:05 TV:000.08M3 [DC In] nnnnn
Start:04jull5:00 Stop:05jullS:00 1997
Q(Vlpm):16.70 AVG:16.71 CV 0.16 04jul
749mmHg A28.6ฐC F27.8ฐC SP025cm 15:05
Pressing the select button will display a second screen:
Tmax:28.5 Tmin:28.2 Tavg:28.4 nnnnn
BPmax:750 BPmin:749 BPavg:749 1997
Q(Vlpm):16.70 AVG:16.71 CV 0.16 04jul
749mmHg A28.6ฐC F27.8ฐC SP025cm 15:05
Where:
ET: elapsed time since the current run started
TV: total volume sampled during the current run
[DC In]: current power source from which the sampler is operating
Start: the time and date (in military notation) the current sample started
Stop: the time and date the current sample stopped (or is set to stop)
Q (Vlpm) : the instantaneous flow rate (V for volumetric, M for mass)
in liters per minute
average flow rate, liters per minute
coefficient of variation of flow rate
instantaneous ambient barometric pressure, millimeters of mercury
instantaneous ambient temperature in degrees Celsius
instantaneous filter temperature in degrees Celsius
pressure drop across the filter, in cm H2O
the maximum ambient temperature measured during the run
the minimum ambient temperature measured during the run
the average ambient temperature
the maximum barometric pressure measured during the run
the minimum barometric pressure measured during the run
the average barometric pressure
flag area ~ flags which may appear are:
AVG:
CV:
mmHg:
A ฐC:
F ฐC:
SP cm:
Tmax:
Tmin:
Tavg:
BPmax:
BPmin:
BPavg:
nnnnn:
P indicates that a power failure has occurred
Q indicates that flow has varied more than +/- 5 percent
F indicates that a 5 degree filter overheat lasting
more than 30 minutes has occurred
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M indicates memory overflow (max run time with 5 minute logger interval)
During operation, the SELECT (NEXT) button provides alternate displays of minimum, maximum, and
average ambient temperatures and barometric pressures or other run time data while the ON/OFF button
will temporarily suspend the run. The run is not considered complete until the Sample Stop Date and Time
have been attained.
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Filter Sample and Data Retrieval
SOP: PEPF-8.02
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
Scope and Applicability
Summary of Method
Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
Page
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
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1.0 Scope and Applicability
NOTE: The following information is applicable to the BGI Model PQ200A portable FRM
sampler. Specific information herein may not be applicable to other makes and models of
samplers.
This SOP describes how to set up the BGI PQ200A sampler to start and end sampling for a 24-hour
period, from midnight to midnight.
Before collecting the PE Sample, the sampler must have successfully passed the leak, temperature,
barometric pressure, flow rate, and time verification checks. Activities concerning sampling filter receipt,
examination, installation, use, retrieval, packaging, and shipment must be documented in accordance with
instructions given in the COC SOP, PEPF-9.01.
2.0 Summary of Method
The PE sample must be taken over a 24-hour period, from midnight to midnight. Other topics covered in
this SOP include interpreting controller screens during programming and sample collection and
downloading of data from the PQ200A. PM25 filter/cassettes should be removed within 8 to 48 hours after
the collection period ends and shipped within 8 hours after an exposure.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
Exercise care in handling unexposed and exposed filters.
Strictly follow all procedures concerning labeling, documenting, and transporting filters (in their
cassettes) to reduce the chance for measurement errors.
Ensure that the portable computer or other data storage device used for downloading data is in
good condition and that the battery is sufficiently charged.
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6.0 Equipment and Supplies
ป BGI PQ200A air sampler
ป COC Form
ป Field Data Sheet
* Impactor well loaded with 37-mm glass fiber filter and diffusion oil
* Preweighed Teflon filter in cassette, with filter caps, in plastic antistatic cassette bag
> Protective filter/cassette containers
* 9x12" plastic shipping bags
* Marker, (indelible ink )
* Portable computer with the PQ200A Job Controller software loaded
> 9-pin, female-female, RS-232 serial cable
* Data Trans
7.0 Procedure:
7.1 Ending a Run
The FS and the site operator will retrieve their filters after the exposure has terminated, typically the next
day. PM2 5 filters should be removed within 8 to 48 hours after the collection period ends. The following
steps describe shutdown procedures for the sampler:
1. A properly programmed PQ200A will automatically stop sampling at the end of 24 hours. Ensure
that the sampler pump has stopped running. When the PQ200A has completed its run, the display
screen will appear similar to this:
SAMPLE RUN COMPLETED!
750mmHg A28.1ฐC F27.4 ฐC
1998
280CT
15:55
2. From the above display, push the blank menu button to reach the main menu screen. Select
"Review last run data and conditions". Scroll through the display screens and record summary
information for the portable sampler during the 24-hour sampling period.
3. Review the recorded data for start and end times, sample elapsed time, flow rate, filter quality, and
temperature to start the process of determining if the sample is valid, questionable, or invalid.
Record observations and reasoning for questioning a run on the Field Data Sheet Scan through
the sampling summary on the sampler display and note flags. The BGI PQ200A displays the
following flags
P - Power failure F- 5ฐC filter overheating for > 30 min.
Q flow variation of more than + 5% T - 24 hour sample time < 23 hours 50 minutes
M - Memory overflow
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 8
4. If the exposure was not valid for any reason, the FS will contact the WAM to begin scheduling a
second evaluation to replace the invalid evaluation. This may require scheduling considerations
that are beyond the scope of this SOP.
5. Clean hands with an alcohol wipe or clean water.
6. Open the antistatic cassette bag which was stored in the main unit, remove the filter caps from the
bag and set them on top of the bag, exterior side down.
7. Carefully rotate the handle counterclockwise using both hands to expose the sample cassette and
WINS assemblies. (CAUTION: Once the assembly has started to open, the weight of the two
plates will tend to force the whole assembly open even further.)
8. The sample filter cassette and the WINS impactor should now be visible. If not, gently separate
the filter cassette or WINS impactor from its respective upper housing.
9. Remove the sample filter cassette. Inspect it for integrity and contamination (tears, bugs, etc) Enter
comments or flags on Field Data Sheet.
10. Cap the filter/cassette assembly with the same filter caps and place it in the same antistatic self-
sealing bag from which it was removed. Seal the bag. See SOP PEPF-8.03 for packing and
shipping.
11. Follow procedure in Section 7.2 below to download run data.
12. See SOP PEPF-5.01 for disassembly of the sampler.
7.2 Downloading Data from the PQ200A Air Sampler
It is recommended that the laptop be used as the device for downloading data from the portable sampler
since there are fields in the BGI software that need to be entered manually which can't be accomplished
with the Datatrans data logger above. However, the Datatrans can be used in situations such as inclement
weather or where safety concerns dictate not using a lap top. As a last resort, if there are problems with
boh the laptop computer and the Datatrans, the FS must record the information manually on the Field Data
Sheet.
NOTE: This section describes downloading process using a portable PC-compatible computer with
the PQ200 job controller software for Windows. Other means of data downloading may be used and
are described in the BGI PQ200 Manual.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.02
Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 5 of 8
7.2.1 Downloading to the Laptop PC
When the sampler has completed its run, the data may be downloaded from the memory of the PQ200A.
Be sure to download the most recent run before setting the sampler to start another run.
1. Using a serial (9-pin) cable (female-female), connect the PQ200A sampler to a computer equipped
with the PQ200 job controller program.
2. Open the PQ200 job controller program. The program has four folders: Job Control,
Summary, Logs and Print Sheets, and Graphs.
3. In the Job Control folder, select Begin Job. The New Job window will appear.
4. Enter a job name into the first line item. The file should be coded with the first 4 characters being
the month and day of the sample run (use leading zeros if necessary). For examples January 30th
would be 0130. The next 4 characters will be the cassette ID number. This will make an 8- digit
file name. The job file will automatically be given the suffix Job.
5. Tab to "Job Code" enter any field flags as identified in Appendix B. For multiple flags separate by
commas",".
6. Tab to "Site Name" and enter the site description (e.g., name of town, city location etc)
7. Tab to "Station Code" enter the 9 digit AIRS Site ID code that is also on the Site Data Sheet.
8. Tab to "Operator" enter your initials. No other fields need to be entered.
9. Press Save when done, select the appropriate subdirectory on the computer, then press OK to
save the file and return to the Job Control folder.
10. Select Download. The Download Summary and Logger Data window will appear. Under
"Options", Choose Summary and Logger
11. Click on Begin. After a short delay, the computer will begin receiving data from the PQ200A.
12. When the computer has finished receiving data from the PQ200A, click on Return. The serial
cable may now be removed from the PQ200A sampler and from the computer.
13. To view information about the data collected from the PQ200A, select the other folders:
Summary, Logs and Print Sheets, and Graphs.
14. To save the downloaded data to a disk, press Save Changes in the Job Control folder. The
job file has been created and saved to disk.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 8
15. The electronic data should be backed up to two floppy disk. One floppy disk should be send along
with the filter, the COC Form and the Field Data Sheet to the weighing laboratory. The other disk
and copies of the forms and Data Sheet are brought back to the field office.
7.2.2 Downloading Data using the Datatrans
The BGI Datatrans downloader can be used to capture up to 20 "Runs" from either the PQ100 or PQ200
Air Samplers and transport the "Run Data" (along with the filter) back from the field to the lab for analysis
and storage. Its compact size, extended temperature ranges (-30 to +60 Degrees Celsius), and ease of
operation make it ideal for field data retrieval.
To use the Datatrans
1. Turn the unit on with the power switch on the front panel.
2. The following light sequence should be observed: red, yellow then green.
3. The green light will remain on. (This indicates a ready condition.)
Downloading the PQ200
1. Place the connection switch, located on the front panel, in the "Samp" (sampler) position.
2. Insure the PQ200 Sampler is powered on.
3. Plug the Datatrans into the RS232 port on the front panel of the PQ200.
4. Press and release the pushbutton on the front of the Datatrans.
5. The red light will turn on, the green light will turn off and if communication is successful the
yellow light will flash for each line of data received.
6. When the download is complete, the yellow light will remain on, the red light will stop flashing and
turn off and the green light will turn on.
7. Repeat the above steps for each sample run that is to be collected (multiple samplers) realizing that
the "Runs" are stacked up using First In, Last Out methodology.
8. It is now safe to turn the unit off.
NOTE: The data will be retained in the Datatrans, even if the 9 volt battery fails, until it has been
uploaded into a computer and the unit is erased using the data deletion procedure described below.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.02
Date: 11/22/98
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To Upload to the Computer
1. Plug the Datatrans into the RS232 serial port of the computer.
2. Observe the following light sequence: red, yellow then green. (Green light indicates unit is ready
and yellow on indicates Runs are stored.) Red light turns off.
3. Place the connection switch, located on the front panel, in the (Comp) computer position.
4. Insure the computer is running PQ200 BGI Software and is ready to receive data as if it were
attached directly to the sampler.
5. Point and click on BEGIN JOB and follow the instructions given on the screen by the software.
Enter any applicable data to the "Run" such as initial filter weight, user data etc.
6. Point and click on DOWNLOAD.
7. Point and click on BEGIN.
8. Green light will turn off, Red light will turn on and "Run Data" will be stored in the Datatrans.
9. When "END" or "MEM END" is detected on the computer screen and the Green light is lighted on
the Datatrans, the "Run" has been transferred.
10. If multiple runs have been stored in the Datatrans, the last run captured is the current resident run.
While a run is resident, the Datatrans retains the characteristics of the sampler type it was captured
from. To step the Datatrans to the next run, you must first download the current run and then
press the pushbutton. Repeat for multiple runs pushing the Datatrans button after each sample is
uploaded. You must "Begin" a new run for each sample run to be uploaded to the computer.
When all runs have been uploaded, the yellow light will remain off.
NOTE: TO RECYCLE SAMPLE RUNS:
After green light goes off, indicating all runs have been downloaded, pressing button will retrieve the series
of runs and remain until deleted. This is helpful if you are unsure of an uploaded run.
Data Deletion Procedure
To erase the Datatrans after all runs have been transferred
1. Turn the power switch off.
2. Hold down the pushbutton.
3. While holding the pushbutton down, turn the power switch ON.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.02
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 8 of 8
4. The red light will turn on, now release the button.
5. When erased, all three lights will flash 2 times in unison and 1 time in series.
6. Unit is now cleared and ready for new downloads.
GO CONTCCT POWER
BGI INCORPORATED
WALTHAM. Mft. 02451
(781)891-9380
DATATRANS
Figure 8.1 Datatrans
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 4
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Filter Packing and Shipment
SOP: PEPF-8.03
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
Scope and Applicability
Summary of Method
Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
Page
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 4
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This procedure will describe packaging the sampled filters into shipping containers and transporting them
to the national laboratories.
2.0 Summary of Method
PM2 5 filter/cassettes should be removed within 48 hours after the collection period ends, and shipped with
8 hours of sample exposure. The sampled cassettes, along with Field Data Sheets, COC Forms, data
diskettes, will be packed with ice substitutes and sent to the national laboratory by Federal Express next
day air.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of terms used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
> Exercise care in handling unexposed and exposed filters.
* Strictly follow all procedures concerning labeling, documentation, and transporting filters (in their
cassettes) to reduce the chance for measurement errors.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
> Preweighed/Sampled Teflon filters (routine, field blamks, collocated samples), in cassettes, in
filter caps, and antistaticcassette bags
ป COC Form
ป Field Data Sheet
> Filter shipping container
* Ice substitutes (4/shipping container)
* Digital max/min thermometer
* Roll of bubble wrap
> Heavy duty rubber bands
* Masking tape
> Packing tape
* Knife or scissors
> 9 x 12" plastic self-sealing shipping bags (1 for cassettes, 1 for forms and diskette)
* 3.5" high density data diskettes
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.03
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 4
7.0 Procedure:
This procedure describe the method of packing and shipping the sampled cassettes that have been capped
and are placed in their antistatic self-sealing cassette bags. The procedure creates a group of filters that are
"sandwiched" between ice substitutes and wrapped in bubble wrap held together by either heavy- duty
rubber bands or tape.
1. Group all sampled cassettes into one 9 x 12" plastic shipping bag and seal the bag. Ensure that
there is a one-to-one match of COC Forms. There must also be a one-to-one match with Field
Data Sheets for routine and collocated samples. Field blanks do not require a Field Data Sheet.
Also ensure that the data diskettes contain routine and collocated data.
2. Select the next preprinted Federal Express label and complete the "Shipping from Field to
Weighing Lab" portion of each COC Form for the shipment of cassettes so that the air bill number
is recorded.
3. Find a working surface. Lay out a section of bubble wrap from the roll and place two ice
substitutes on the wrap.
4. Place the 9x12" plastic shipping bag containing the sampled cassettes on top of these ice
substitutes. Unplug the digital max/min thermometer probe from the readout device and tape the
probe onto the shipping bag over sampled cassettes. Fold the empty portion of the bag over the
probe 1 or 2 times.
5. Place two ice substitutes on top of the plastic shipping bag and probe.
6. Roll the bubble wrap around this ice substitute/cassette assembly (i.e., like packing a Subway
sandwich) and secure this assemblage using masking tape or heavy rubber bands.
7. Connect the digital max/min thermometer probe to the readout device and tape the readout device
to the top of the ice substitute/cassette assembly.
8. Place the ice substitute/cassette assembly in the insulated shipping container. Allow the probe to
equilibrate with the ice substitutes. This may take 5 minutes. If the ice substitutes are hard
(frozen), the max/min thermometer's current reading should be at least 0 ฐC
9. Place the laboratory portions of the COC Forms, the Field Data Sheets and the data diskettes for
all the samples in a second 9 x 12" plastic shipping bag, and retain the field copies.
10. Just before sealing the shipping container, reset the digital max/min thermometer by hitting the
reset button until there is a click. This resetting will be confirmed by initial readings of "88".
11. Immediately place the 9 x 12" plastic shipping bag containing the COC Forms, Field Data Sheets
and the data diskettes into the shipping container. Place additional bubble wrap in the container to
inhibit as much movement as possible of the ice substitute/cassette assembly and close the
container.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 8
PEPF-8.03
Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 4 of 4
12. Seal the container with packing tape.
13. Affix a preprinted Federal Express shipping label to the shipping container and transport the
container to the nearest Federal Express office.
14. Call or e-mail the LA to report a sample shipment on the day of the shipment. Include in the call,
your name, the date, the airbill number, and the number of containers in the shipment.
NOTE: If for some reason the sampled cassettes cannot be shipped on the day of sampling, complete
Steps 1 through 12 above and go to SOP PEPF-3.01 (Section 7.2.4).
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: Oof7
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 9
Chain of Custody and Field Data Sheet
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 7
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Chain of Custody and Field Data Sheet
SOP: PEPF-9.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
Section
Scope and Applicability
Summary of Method
Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
Page
2
2
2
2
2
2
4
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 7
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP applies to the COC procedures used in the field for the FRM PEP.
2.0 Summary of Method
The COC procedure for the PM2 5 PEP is used to track individual weighed filters. COC begins after a filter
is weighed, when the filter is placed in a cassette. A separate COC Form accompanies each filter/cassette.
The form stays with the filter as it is sent to the field, is exposed (or used as a blank), and returned to the
original weighing laboratory.
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of the terms that will be used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
This section is not applicable to this SOP.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
ป FRM PEP COC Form, COC-2
> Field Data Sheet, FDS
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 3 of 7
PM25 Federal Reference Method Performance Evaluation Program
Chain of Custody Form
PART I - WEIGHING LABORATORY
Filter Weighing and Shipping Information
Filter ID Number
Weighing Lab
Analyst/Custodian Name
Shipment Date
Sent to (PE Org)
This Filter Must be Used by:
Filter Cassette No
Cassette Type
Weighing Date
Airbill No.
Shipped via
Fed. Express
Return to:
On completion of Parti, the weighing laboratory
PART II - FIELD OFFICE
Date Received:
Shipment Integrity OK? Q Yes
PART III FIELD SITF
keeps one copy andsends 2 copies to the field office with the filter.
PE Organization:
Q No (describe)
Field Scientist:
Filter Type
Q RO Q CO
QFB
Q Void (descnbe)
Q Other (descnbe)
Associated Filter Samples - enter cassette numbers for other filters used for this exposure
PE Sample Colloc. PE
Field Blank
Other (describe)
Other (describe)
Transport of Filter and Field Site Information
Arrival Date at Site:
AIRS Site ID:
Site Operator and Other Observers:
Frlter Integrity OK
Site Name:
Primary Site Sampler: Ma
Q Yes Q No (describe)
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 4 of 7
7.0 Procedure
7.1 COC Form
The COC Form is printed on 3-part carbonless paper. The form itself is divided into five parts, which are
filled out at different locations, as described below. Parts II - IV given below indicate where additional
instructions on filling out the COC Form can be found.
PART I - WEIGHING LABORATORY
Part I is filled out at the laboratory. It contains the filter ID number and cassette number, some supporting
information, and shipping information from the laboratory to the field office. A very important section in
this part is the last day that the filter may be used. This is calculated as 30 days after the weighing date.
The filter exposure must begin no more than 30 days after weighing. Another important item in this Part is
the return address. All filters must be returned to the laboratory from which they originated.
NOTE: copy of the multi part form is retained by the laboratory after Part I has been
completely filled out. The remaining two copies are sent to the field office.
PART II - FIELD OFFICE (PEPF-3.01)
Part II is filled out by the field office and by the FS when the cassettes are received. See SOP PEPF-3.01
(section 7.1) for instructions. This part contains identifying information about the field organization, the
FS, and the integrity of the received shipment.
PART III- FIELD SITE (PEPF-8.01)
Part III is filled out at the site. A critical item in this part is the "Filter Type" section which identifies how
the filter is used at the site. The five options are:
RO - routine FRM PE sample.
CO - collocated FRM sample that is taken simultaneously with the regular FRM sample by the
FS. Whenever the FS takes two simultaneous samples, the primary and collocated PE samplers
should be designated before the exposure begins.
FB - field blank filter that is used by the FS as a blank.
For the first three filter types mentioned above, the two letter suffix will also be placed on the
antistatic cassette bag, which is described in SOP PEPF-8.01 (Section 7.1). The two other options
include the following:
Void - filter that the FS considers to be invalid. Describe the reason for voiding a filter in the
Notes section. Some possible reasons for voiding a filter include visible contamination on the
filter, sampler malfunction, a discrepancy in the COC documentation, etc.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
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Page: 5 of 7
Other - A filter that is in some other category (for example, a special type of QA or QC sample).
This type must be described in the Notes section.
The "Associated Filter Samples" section lists other filter/cassettes that are used during the same FRM PE
exposure. These include blanks and collocated samples, as well as "other" types of filters that may be
associated with the exposure. List the cassette numbers of those filters that are directly associated with a
single 24-hour exposure.
The "Transport of Filter and Field Site Information" section documents information about the sampling site
and is usually filled out before filter exposure. The following items are included in this section:
> Transport Date to Site - date that the FS arrives at the monitoring site. This need not be the date
that the sample was taken.
> Site Name and AIRS Site ID - these should have been determined prior to coming to the site.
* Site Operator and Other Observers - list the name and affiliations of the site operator and any other
official observers such as representatives of EPA or the local air monitoring authority.
* Primary Site Sampler - This refers to the fixed PM2 5 sampler operated at the site for compliance
purposes.
The "Filter Integrity OK?" section refers to a visual inspection of the filter prior to installation, which is
described in SOP PEPF-8.01 (Section 7.1). If any defects are noted, the FS should describe the
imperfection. If the imperfection is judged to be significant, the filter should be voided. Mark "Void" in
the "Filter Type" section.
PART IV FIELD FILTER SHIPPING (PEPF-8.03)
Part IV should be filled out completely. The FS should normally package and mail the exposed and blank
filters within 8 hours of conclusion of the exposure. This section is used to record shipping information.
> Shipped by usually refers to the FS, unless shipping is delegated to some other person.
* Destination should always be the same Weighing Laboratory as indicated in Part I.
NOTE: A copy of the multi-part form is retained by the FS after Part IV has been
completely filled out. The remaining parts of the form are returned to the lab along with the
filter(s), the completed Field Data Sheet(s), data diskettes, and any additional written notes.
PART V - WEIGHING LABORATORY
The final part of the COC Form documents the condition of the container upon receipt at the laboratory.
Data are then entered from the form, and the form is filed at the laboratory.
NOTES - Record all relevant notes here. Use extra pages if necessary.
The weighing laboratory archives the form after Part V is completed and data are entered into
the data system.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 6 of 7
7.2 Field Data Sheet
The Field Data Form is printed on 2-part carbonless paper. The FS originates a new Field Data Sheet in
the field, as verification checks begin. After all the sampler verifications have been successfully completed
and documented, an unexposed filter is selected and its cassette number is entered on the Sheet. A
summary of exposure data is also included on the Sheet. These data are sufficient to calculate the PM25
concentration in the event that the data downloaded electronically from the sampler are lost.
NOTE: Only filters that are actually exposed in an FRM sampler require a Field Data Form. Thus,
only filters that are designated as "PE Sample" or "Colloc. PE" on the COC Form will have Field Data
Sheets filled out. Filters designated as "Blank" and "Void" do not require Field Data Sheets.
Identification numbers for all transfer standards used to verify the FRM sampler are entered in the
"Transfer Standards" section. If additional standards are used, enter them in the Notes section.
The "Site Checks" section describes the results of synchronization of the FRM sampler's clock with an
external standard (must agree within 1 minute). This section also records whether the siting criteria were
met by the FRM sampler. Describe any violations of these criteria below.
The "FRM Sampler Verification Checks" section must be filled out using the associated verification SOPs.
The acceptance criteria are listed on the Sheet for reference, but necessary equations are not provided. In
particular, the "Flow Rate Verification" section requires a relatively complex equation for calculating the
flow rate based on the pressure drop across an orifice. The documentation accompanying each orifice
device provides the necessary equations and the constants applicable to the orifice.
The "Exposure Information" contains the number of the filter/cassette used for this exposure. This number
should be entered before the filter is loaded into the FRM sampler. The remainder of this section is filled
out after the FRM PE has concluded. The "Filter Integrity OK?" section indicates that the filter appeared
to be free of gross imperfections when it was removed from the sampler. The remaining information is
taken directly from the sampler's screen. The final section, "Data Download OK?" reports whether or not
the electronic download of data was successful.
NOTES - Record all relevant notes here. Use extra pages if necessary.
NOTE: The FS sends one copy of the Field Data Form to the weighing laboratory
along with the COC Form and the filter. In the laboratory, data on the Form are
entered into the data base and the Form is archived. The field office retains the other
copy of the Sheet.
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 9
PEPF-9.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 7 of 7
PM2 5 Federal Reference Method Performance Evaluation Program
Field Data Sheet for BGT PO200A
Identification
Field Scientist:
Date:
FRM Serial No:
AIRS Site ID:
Transfer Standards - enter manufacturer's serial number:
Temp. Trans. Std:
BP Trans. Std:
Flow Rate Orifice:
FR press, gauge:
Site Checks
Time checks OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Siting criteria OK? Q Yes Q No (describe)
FRM Sampler Verification Checks: Indicate only the final result of the check after all troubleshooting has been done. Document troubleshooting in the Notes section below and/or in field
notebook.
Leak Checks
External Leak
Bar. Pressure
Ambient Pressure
Temperature
Ambient Sensor
Filter Sensor
Cntena
change<10 cmH2O
Criteria
+10 mmHg
Criteria
+2ฐC
+2ฐC
Beginning P
Std. Pressure
Std. Temp.
Ending P
Samp. Pressure
Sampler Temp.
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Flow Rate Verification
Data for calculating standard
orifice FR
Audit standard FR check:
Design flow rate check:
Ambient T
DC
Criteria
< 4% difference
Criteria
> 15.84 < 17.51
Orifice delta-P
cmH2O
Std FR (calc.)
Lpm
Design FR
16. 67 Lpm
Ambient BP
mmHg
Sampler FR
Lpm
Sampler FR
Lpm
Orifice Constants
m= b=
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
ftljosure Data
Filter Cassette No:
Start Date/Time:
End Date/Time:
Total Time:
Average Ambient T:
Average Bar. Press:
Data Download OK?
ฐC
mmHg
Q Yes Q No
('describe')
Filter Integrity OK? Q Yes Q No (describe)
Total Volume: m3
Average Flow Rate: Lpm
CV of FlowRate: Lpm
Sampler Flags:
Field Flags:
Notes:
Form FDS
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 10
PEPF-10.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: Oof 5
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 10
Quality Assurance /Quality Control
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 10
PEPF-10.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 1 of 5
Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Quality Assurance / Quality Control
SOP: PEPF-10.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Section
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Summary of Method
3. Definitions
4. Personnel Qualifications
5. Cautions
6. Equipment and Supplies
7. Procedure
Page
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
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FRM PEP Field SOP Section 10
PEPF-10.01
Date: 11/22/98
Revision 1
Page: 2 of 5
1.0 Scope and Applicability
This procedure describes the QA procedures that will be implemented at prescribed frequencies during
routine PEP activities.
2.0 Summary of Method
This procedure summarizes the important quality assurance and quality control procedures that must be
accomplished and also provides procedures for those activities that have not been covered in other SOPs.
QA/QC procedures covered in other SOPs are not discussed in this section. Table 10-1 summarizes the
field QC procedures.
Table 10-1 Field Quality Control Checks.
Requirement
Filter Holding Times
Presampling
Filter collection
Filter Shipment
Data Completeness
Filter
Visual defect check
Field QC Checks
Field filter blank
Calibration/Verification of Sampler
Flow Rate (FR) calibration
FR multipoint verification
One-point FR verification
External leak check
Internal leak check
Temperature calibration
Temp multipoint verification
One- point temp verification
Pressure calibration
Pressure verification
Clock/timer verification
Accuracy
Flow rate audit
External leak check
Internal leak check
Temperature audit
Pressure audit
Frequency
all filters
cc
"
quarterly
all filters
1 /week/instrument
if multipoint failure
1/yr
every sampling event
every sampling event
upon failure of external
if multipoint failure
on installation, then 1/yr
every sampling event
1/yr
every sampling event
every sampling event
4/yr (manual)
4/yr
4/yr
4/yr
4/yr
Acceptance Criteria
< 30 days before sampling
8-48 hours
8 hours after retreival
75%
See reference
+30 ^g change between
weighings
+ 2% of transfer standard
+ 2% of transfer standard
+ 4% of transfer standard
80 mL/min
80 mL/min
+ 2% of standard
+ 2 ฐC of standard
+ 4 ฐC of standard
ilOmmHg
ilOmmHg
1 min/mo
+ 4% of audit standard
< 80 mL/min
< 80 mL/min
+ 2ฐC
ilOmmHg
SOP
Reference
PEF-2.03
PEF-2.03
PEF-2.03
PEPF-10.01
PEPF-8.01
PEPF-10.01
PEPF-7.03
PEPF-7.03
PEPF-6.04
PEPF-6.01
PEPF-6.01
PEPF-7.02
PEPF-7.02
PEPF-6.03
PEPF-7.01
PEPF-6.02
?
PEPF-10.01
"
"
"
"
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Requirement
Precision
Collocated samples
Paired
All samplers in Region-
Standards Recertifications
Flow rate transfer std.
Field thermometer
Field barometer
Working mass Stds.
Primary mass Stds.
Frequency
1 /month
I/year
1/yr
1/yr
1/yr
3-6 mo.
1/yr
Acceptance Criteria
CV<10%
CV<10%
+2% of NIST-traceable Std.
+ 0.1ฐC resolution
+ 0.5ฐC accuracy
+ 1 mmHg resolution
+ 5 mmHg accuracy
0.025 mg
0.025 mg
SOP
Reference
PEPF-10.01
"
PEPF-10.01
"
3.0 Definitions
Appendix A contains a glossary of the terms be used in the PEP.
4.0 Personnel Qualifications
Personnel who conduct the FRM PEs must have passed the written and the hands-on practical training
examinations for the field component in the PM2 5 FRM PEP.
5.0 Cautions
The activities described in the procedure below refer to other SOPs where the procedure is described. The
referenced SOPs provide the appropriate cautions.
6.0 Equipment and Supplies
The activities described in the procedure below refer to SOPs where the activity is described. The
referenced SOPs provide the appropriate equipment and supply list.
7.0 Procedure
7.1 Completeness
Completeness is a measure of the amount of valid data obtained from a measurement system compared to
the amount that was expected to be obtained. Each Region has the expected number of sites that need a
PE. The PEP is expected to obtain valid data for 75% of these sites each quarter.
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.2 Field Blanks
Field blanks are used to capture any contamination that occurs in the transportation stage and the field
implementation stage of the PEP. A field blank is temporarily installed in each instrument during a field
week. For example, if the same portable sampler was used at two sites in one week, one field blank would
be implemented at one of the sites. However, each instrument used in that week must have at least one field
blank associated with it.
SOP PEPF-8.01, Section 7.2 describes how to install field blanks.
7.3 Accuracy
Once every 3 months, on all actively used samplers, the FS will perform the following tasks :
ป External leak check PEPF-6.01
> Internal leak check PEPF-6.01
* Temperature Audit PEPF-6.02
> Pressure Audit PEPF-6.03
* Flow rate audit PEPF-6.04
These audits will be performed using the same procedures as the verification checks, as indicated by the
SOPs listed above. The difference is that these audits will be performed with a verification device that
is not the verification device used for everyday verifications. They must be accomplished with either the
standard used for multipoint verification/calibration or a spare verification device that is not used in normal
operations.
7.4 Collocated Sampling
Collocated sampling provides an estimate of the precision or repeatability of the portable sampler and the
measurement system.
7.4.1 Once-A-Year Collocation ~
At the beginning of this program (1/1/99) and every year thereafter, all portable samplers being used by
any one FS must be set up and run based on these field SOPs within the same 24-hour period. The
samplers will be within 1-4 m of each other and their inlets will be within 1m vertical height. It is
suggested that these samplers run for 3-4 days to provide enough data to ensure that the results are
repeatable over several sampling days. The filters will be sent to the national laboratory for weighing by
normal procedures.
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7.4.2 Once-a-Month Collocation-
Once a month, any instrument that is regularly used in the normal FRM PEP must be collocated within 1-4
m of another portable sampler and collect samples as indicated in the field SOPs. The COC and Field Data
Sheets provide spaces for recording this sample information. The collocation can occur during a normal
field visit (preferred) or at the field office.
7.4 Standards Recertifications
All primary and transfer standards will be recertified as NIST-traceable and will have 1-year warranties. .
During EPA purchase of this equipment, agreements were set up to provide this recertification service.
EPA will inform the FS of where and when to send standards for this recertification.
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Section 11
Information Retention
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Field Standard Operating Procedures for the PM2 5 FRM
Performance Evaluation Program
Operation: Information Retention
SOP: PEPF-11.01
Name: Printed
Signature
Date
Section
Contents
(applicable to this SOP)
1. Scope and Applicability
2. Procedure
Page
2
2
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1.0 Scope and Applicability
This SOP defines which records are critical to the project and what information needs to be included in
reports, as well as the data reporting format and the document control procedures to be used.
The following information describes the document and records procedures for the PEP field activities. In
EPA's QAPP regulation and guidance, EPA uses the term "reporting package". This term is defined here
as all the information required to support the concentration data reported to EPA, which includes all data
required to be collected as well as data deemed important by the PEP. Table 11-1 identifies these
documents and records.
2.0 Procedures
2.1 Information Included in the Reporting Package
2.1.1 Data Reporting Package Format and Document Control
The PEP has structured its records management in a similar manner to EPA's records management system
(EPA-220-B-97-003) and follows the same coding scheme in order to facilitate easy retrieval of
information during EPA technical systems audits (TSAs) and reviews. Table 10-1 includes the documents
and records that will be filed according to the statute of limitations discussed in Section 2.3. Table 11-1
also includes a reference to more detailed instruction on the kind and type of data to be included in each
record. In order to archive the information as a cohesive unit, all the PEP PM2 5 information will be filed
under the major code "PEP", followed by the codes in Table 11-1
Table 11-1 PM2 5 Reporting Package Information.
Categories
Management and
Organization
Site Information
Field and
Laboratory
Environmental
Data Operations
Raw Data
Record/Document Types
Organizational structure
Personnel qualifications and training
Training certification
Quality management plan
EPA directives
Support contracts
Site characterization file (Site Data Sheets)
Site maps
Site Pictures
QA project plans
Standard operating procedures (SOPs)
Field notebooks and communications
Sample handling/custody records
Inspection/Maintenance records
Any original data (routine and QC data)
including data entry forms
File Codes
ADMI/106
PERS/123
AIRP/482
AIRP/216
DIRE/007
CONT/003
AIRP/237
AIRP/237
AUDV/708
PROG/185
SAMP/223
SAMP/502/COM
TRAN/643
AIRP/486
SAMP/223
Reference
PEP IMP Sec 9
PEP IMP Sec 9
PEP QAPP
PEPF-1-10
PEPF-9.01
PEPF-5.01
PEPF-8.01, 02,
03
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Categories
Data Reporting
Data Management
Quality Assurance
Record/Document Types
Data/summary/progress reports
Journal articles/papers/presentations
Data algorithms
Data management plans/flowcharts
PM2.5 data
Data management systems
Data quality assessments
QA reports
Response/Corrective action reports
Site audits
File Codes
AIRP/484
PUBL/250
INFO/304
INFO/304
INFO/160
INFO/304
SAMP/223
OVER/203
PROG/082
OVER/203
Reference
PEPF-2.01
2.1.2 Field Notebooks
The PEP will issue notebooks to each FS. This notebook will be uniquely numbered and associated with
the individual and the PM2 5 Program. Although data entry forms are associated with all routine
environmental data operations, the notebooks can be used to record additional information about these
operations.
Sample Receipt
One notebook will be issued to each field receiving facility. This notebook will be uniquely numbered and
associated with the PM2 5 program. For use in logging in sample receipt.
2.1.3 Field Binders
Field binders will also be issued to each FS. These notebooks will be 3-ring binders that will containing the
appropriate data forms for routine operations as well as the inspection and maintenance forms and SOPs.
2.1.4 Electronic Data Collection
All raw data required for the calculation of a PM25 concentration, the submission to the AIRS database,
and QA/QC data will be collected electronically or on data forms that are included in the field SOP
sections. Data listed in Table 11-2 will be collected electronically, as well as the laboratory pre and
postsampling weights. Therefore, both primary field and laboratory data will be collected electronically
and the calculation of the primary data into a final concentration will also be electronically calculated.
It is anticipated that other data may eventually be electronically collected. In order to reduce the potential
for data entry errors, automated systems will be used where appropriate to record the same information
found on the data entry forms. In order to provide a back-up, a hardcopy of automated data collection
information will be stored for the appropriate time frame in project files.
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Table 11-2. Field Measurements.
Information to be Provided
Flow rate, 30-second maximum interval
Flow rate, average for the sample period
Flow rate, CV, for the sample period
Flow rate, 5-min average out of spec.
(FLAG/
Sample volume, total
Temperature, ambient, 30-second interval
Temperature, ambient, min., max.,
average for the sample period
Barometric pressure, ambient, 30-second
interval
Barometric pressure, ambient, min., max.,
average for the sample period
Filter temperature, 30-second interval
Filter temperature, differential, 30-minute
interval, out of spec. (FLAG/
Filter temperature, maximum differential
from ambient, date, time of occurrence
Date and time
Sample start and stop time settings
Sample period start time
Elapsed sample time
Elapsed sample time out of spec. (FLAG/
Power interruptions >1 min, start time of
first 10
User-entered information, such as sampler
and site identification
Appendix L
Section
Reference
7.4.5.1
7.45.2
7.4.5.2
7.4.5.2
7.4.5.2
7.4.8
7.4.8
7.4.9
7.4.9
7.4.11
7.4.11
7.4.11
7.4.12
7.4.12
7.4.12
7.4.13
7.4.13
7.4.15.5
7.4.16
Availability
Anytime
End of
period
Visual
display
Data
output
Format
Digital
reading
XX.X
XX.X
XX.X
On/Off
XX.X
XX.X
XX.X
XXX
XXX
XX.X
On/Off
X.X,
YY/MM/DD
HH:mm
YY/MM/DD
HH:mm
YY/MM/DD
HH:mm
YYYY/MM
M/DD
HH:mm
HH:mm
On/Off
lHH:mm,
2HH:mm,
etc.
As entered
Units
L/min
L/min
%
m3
ฐC
ฐc
mmHg
mmHg
ฐC
ฐC, Yr/Mo/Day
Hrmin
Yr/Mo/ Day Hr
min
Yr/Mo/ Day Hr
min
Yr/Mo/ Day Hr
min
Hrmin
Hrmin
2.1.5 Hand Entered Data
A number of data forms will be entered by hand. These can be found at the end of each field SOP. All
hardcopy information will be filled out in indelible ink. Corrections will be made by inserting one line
through the incorrect entry, initialing this correction, and placing the correct entry alongside the incorrect
entry, if this can be accomplished legibly, or by providing the correct information on a new line.
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2.2 Reports to Management
In addition to the reporting package, various reports will be required.
2.2.1 Field Monthly Report
See SOP PEPF-1.01.
2.3 Data Retention/Archive
The information listed in Table 11-1 will be retained by the ESAT contractor for 3 years based on a
calendar year (i.e., all data from calendar year 1999 will be archived until 12/31/2002). Upon reaching the
3-year archival date, the ESAT contractor will inform OAQPS that the material has met the archive limit
and will ask for a decision on further archiving or disposal.
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Appendix A
Glossary
The following glossary is taken from two documents: 1) and 2) EPA Guidance For Quality Assurance
Project Plans EPA QA/G-5
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Glossary
Acceptance criteria Specified limits placed on characteristics of an item, process, or service defined in
requirements documents. (ASQC Definitions)
Accuracy A measure of the closeness of an individual measurement or the average of a number of
measurements to the true value. Accuracy includes a combination of random error (precision) and
systematic error (bias) components that are due to sampling and analytical operations; the EPA
recommends using the terms "precision " and "bias ", rather than "accuracy," to convey the information
usually associated with accuracy. Refer to Appendix D, Data Quality Indicators for a more detailed
definition.
Activity An all-inclusive term describing a specific set of operations of related tasks to be performed,
either serially or in parallel (e.g., research and development, field sampling, analytical operations,
equipment fabrication), that, in total, result in a product or service.
Assessment The evaluation process used to measure the performance or effectiveness of a system and
its elements. As used here, assessment is an all-inclusive term used to denote any of the following: audit,
performance evaluation (PE), management systems review (MSR), peer review, inspection, or surveillance.
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)- Administrator and coordinator of the U.S. private sector
voluntary standardization system.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) -A professional organization that develops and
distributes protocols for testing and provides reference standards.
Analyst - A staff member who weighs the new and used filters and computes the concentration of PM25 in
Mg/m3.
ANSI/ASTM Class 1 and 2 standards -The standards for weighing operations with a microbalance that
are certified by their manufacturer as being in conformance with ASTM's standard specification for
laboratory weights and precision mass standards (E 617-9) and particularly the Class 1 and 2
specifications. These standards are traceable to NIST.
Audit of Data Quality (ADQ) A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the documentation and
procedures associated with environmental measurements to verify that the resulting data are of acceptable
quality.
Audit (quality) A systematic and independent examination to determine whether quality activities and
related results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented
effectively and are suitable to achieve objectives.
Authenticate The act of establishing an item as genuine, valid, or authoritative.
Bias The systematic or persistent distortion of a measurement process, which causes errors in one
direction (i.e., the expected sample measurement is different from the sample's true value). Refer to
Appendix D, Data Quality Indicators, for a more detailed definition.
Blank A sample subjected to the usual analytical or measurement process to establish a zero baseline or
background value. Sometimes used to adjust or correct routine analytical results. A sample that is
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intended to contain none of the analytes of interest. A blank is used to detect contamination during sample
handling preparation and/or analysis.
Calibration A comparison of a measurement standard, instrument, or item with a standard or
instrument of higher accuracy to detect and quantify inaccuracies and to report or eliminate those
inaccuracies by adjustments.
Calibration drift The deviation in instrument response from a reference value over a period of time
before recalibration.
Cassette - A device supplied with PM2 5 samplers to allow a weighed Teflonฎ filter to be held in place in
the sampler and manipulated before and after sampling without touching the filter and to minimize damage
to the filter and/or sample, during such activities
Certification The process of testing and evaluation against specifications designed to document, verify,
and recognize the competence of a person, organization, or other entity to perform a function or service,
usually for a specified time.
Chain of custody An unbroken trail of accountability that ensures the physical security of samples,
data, and records.
Characteristic Any property or attribute of a datum, item, process, or service that is distinct,
describable, and/or measurable.
Check standard A standard prepared independently of the calibration standards and analyzed exactly
like the samples. Check standard results are used to estimate analytical precision and to indicate the
presence of bias due to the calibration of the analytical system.
Collocated samples Two or more portions collected at the same point in time and space so as to be
considered identical. These samples are also known as field replicates and should be identified as such.
Comparability A measure of the confidence with which one data set or method can be compared to
another.
Completeness A measure of the amount of valid data obtained from a measurement system compared to
the amount that was expected to be obtained under correct, normal conditions. Refer to Appendix D, Data
Quality Indicators, for a more detailed definition.
Computer program A sequence of instructions suitable for processing by a computer. Processing may
include the use of an assembler, a compiler, an interpreter, or a translator to prepare the program for
execution. A computer program may be stored on magnetic media and referred to as "software," or it may
be stored permanently on computer chips, referred to as "firmware." Computer programs covered in a
QAPP are those used for design analysis, data acquisition, data reduction, data storage (databases),
operation or control, and database or document control registers when used as the controlled source of
quality information.
Conditioning environment -A specific range of temperature and humidity values in which unexposed and
exposed filters are to be conditioned for at least 24 hours immediately preceding their gravimetric analysis.
Confidence Interval The numerical interval constructed around a point estimate of a population
parameter, combined with a probability statement (the confidence coefficient) linking it to the population's
true parameter value. If the same confidence interval construction technique and assumptions are used to
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calculate future intervals, they will include the unknown population parameter with the same specified
probability.
Confidentiality procedure A procedure used to protect confidential business information (including
proprietary data and personnel records) from unauthorized access.
Configuration The functional, physical, and procedural characteristics of an item, experiment, or
document.
Conformance An affirmative indication or judgment that a product or service has met the requirements
of the relevant specification, contract, or regulation; also, the state of meeting the requirements.
Consensus standard A standard established by a group representing a cross section of a particular
industry or trade, or a part thereof.
Contractor Any organization or individual contracting to furnish services or items or to perform work.
Control chart - A graphical presentation of quality control (QC) information over a period of time. If a
procedure is "in control," the results usually fall within established control limits. The chart is useful in
detecting defective performance and abnormal trends or cycles, which can then be corrected promptly.
Corrective action - Any measures taken to rectify conditions adverse to quality and, where possible, to
preclude their recurrence.
Correlation coefficient A number between -1 and 1 that indicates the degree of linearity between two
variables or sets of numbers. The closer to -1 or +1, the stronger the linear relationship between the two
(i.e., the better the correlation). Values close to zero suggest no correlation between the two variables. The
most common correlation coefficient is the product-moment, a measure of the degree of linear relationship
between two variables.
Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) The qualitative and quantitative statements derived from the DQO
Process that clarify study's technical and quality objectives, define the appropriate type of data, and specify
tolerable levels of potential decision errors that will be used as the basis for establishing the quality and
quantity of data needed to support decisions.
Data Quality Assessment (DQA) The scientific and statistical evaluation of data to determine if data
obtained from environmental operations are of the right type, quality, and quantity to support their intended
use. The five steps of the DQA Process include: 1) reviewing the DQOs and sampling design, 2)
conducting a preliminary data review, 3) selecting the statistical test, 4) verifying the assumptions of the
statistical test, and 5) drawing conclusions from the data.
Data usability The process of ensuring or determining whether the quality of the data produced meets
the intended use of the data.
Data of known quality Data that have the qualitative and quantitative components associated with their
derivation documented appropriately for their intended use, and when such documentation is verifiable and
defensible.
Data Quality Objectives (DQO) Process A systematic strategic planning tool based on the scientific
method that identifies and defines the type, quality, and quantity of data needed to satisfy a specified use.
The key elements of the DQO process include:
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Data reduction The process of transforming the number of data items by arithmetic or statistical
calculations, standard curves, and concentration factors, and collating them into a more useful form. Data
reduction is irreversible and generally results in a reduced data set and an associated loss of detail.
Data Quality Indicators (DQIs) The quantitative statistics and qualitative descriptors that are used to
interpret the degree of acceptability or utility of data to the user. The principal data quality indicators are
bias, precision, accuracy (bias is preferred), comparability, completeness, representativeness.
Deficiency An unauthorized deviation from acceptable procedures or practices, or a defect in an item.
Demonstrated capability The capability to meet a procurement's technical and quality specifications
through evidence presented by the supplier to substantiate its claims and in a manner defined by the
customer.
Design change Any revision or alteration of the technical requirements defined by approved and issued
design output documents and approved and issued changes thereto.
Design review A documented evaluation by a team, including personnel such as the responsible
designers, the client for whom the work or product is being designed, and a quality assurance (QA)
representative but excluding the original designers, to determine if a proposed design will meet the
established design criteria and perform as expected when implemented.
Design - The specifications, drawings, design criteria, and performance requirements. Also, the result of
deliberate planning, analysis, mathematical manipulations, and design processes.
Detection Limit (DL) - A measure of the capability of an analytical method to distinguish samples that do
not contain a specific analyte from samples that contain low concentrations of the analyte; the lowest
concentration or amount of the target analyte that can be determined to be different from zero by a single
measurement at a stated level of probability. DLs are analyte- and matrix-specific and may be laboratory-
dependent.
Distribution 1) The appointment of an environmental contaminant at a point over time, over an area, or
within a volume; 2) a probability function (density function, mass function, or distribution function) used to
describe a set of observations (statistical sample) or a population from which the observations are
generated.
Document Any written or pictorial information describing, defining, specifying, reporting, or certifying
activities, requirements, procedures, or results.
Document control The policies and procedures used by an organization to ensure that its documents
and their revisions are proposed, reviewed, approved for release, inventoried, distributed, archived, stored,
and retrieved in accordance with the organization's requirements.
Dry-bulb temperature -The actual temperature of the air, which is used for comparison with the wet-bulb
temperature.
Duplicate samples Two samples taken from and representative of the same population and carried
through all steps of the sampling and analytical procedures in an identical manner. Duplicate samples are
used to assess variance of the total method, including sampling and analysis. See also collocated sample.
Electrostatic charge buildup- A buildup of static electrical charge on an item, such as the PM2 5 filter,
which makes it difficult to handle, attracts or repels particles, and can influence its proper weighing
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Environmental technology An all-inclusive term used to describe pollution control devices and
systems, waste treatment processes and storage facilities, and site remediation technologies and their
components that may be utilized to remove pollutants or contaminants from, or to prevent them from
entering, the environment. Examples include wet scrubbers (air), soil washing (soil), granulated activated
carbon unit (water), and filtration (air, water). Usually, this term applies to hardware-based systems;
however, it can also apply to methods or techniques used for pollution prevention, pollutant reduction, or
containment of contamination to prevent further movement of the contaminants, such as capping,
solidification or vitrification, and biological treatment.
Environmental data Any parameters or pieces of information collected or produced from
measurements, analyses, or models of environmental processes, conditions, and effects of pollutants on
human health and the ecology, including results from laboratory analyses or from experimental systems
representing such processes and conditions.
Environmental programs An all-inclusive term pertaining to any work or activities involving the
environment, including but not limited to: characterization of environmental processes and conditions;
environmental monitoring; environmental research and development; the design, construction, and operation
of environmental technologies; and laboratory operations on environmental samples.
Environmental processes Any manufactured or natural processes that produce discharges to, or that
impact, the ambient environment.
Environmental monitoring The process of measuring or collecting environmental data.
Environmental conditions The description of a physical medium (e.g., air, water, soil, sediment) or a
biological system expressed in terms of its physical, chemical, radiological, or biological characteristics.
Environmental data operations Any work performed to obtain, use, or report information pertaining to
environmental processes and conditions.
Equilibration chamber- A clean chamber usually constructed of plastic or glass, held at near constant
temperature and humidity, used to store and condition PM2 5 filters until they and their collected particulate
sample (if the filters have been exposed) have reached a steady state of moisture equilibration.
Estimate A characteristic from the sample from which inferences on parameters can be made.
Evidentiary records Any records identified as part of litigation and subject to restricted access,
custody, use, and disposal.
Expedited change An abbreviated method of revising a document at the work location where the
document is used when the normal change process would cause unnecessary or intolerable delay in the
work.
Field blank filter- New filters, selected at random, that are weighed at the same time that presampling
weights are determined for a set of PM25 filters and used for QA purposes. These field blank filters are
transported to the sampling site in the same manner as filter intended for sampling, installed in the sampler,
removed from the sampler without sampling, stored in their protective containers inside the sampler's case
at the sampling site until the corresponding exposed filter(s) is (are) retrieved, and returned for
postsampling weighing in the laboratory, where it is handled in the same way as an actual sample filter and
reweighed as a QC check to detect weight changes due to filter handling
Field (matrix) spike A sample prepared at the sampling point (i.e., in the field) by adding a known
mass of the target analyte to a specified amount of the sample. Field matrix spikes are used, for example,
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to determine the effect of the sample preservation, shipment, storage, and preparation on analyte recovery
efficiency (the analytical bias).
Field split samples Two or more representative portions taken from the same sample and submitted for
analysis to different laboratories to estimate interlaboratory precision.
Field blank A blank used to provide information about contaminants that may be introduced during
sample collection, storage, and transport. A clean sample, carried to the sampling site, exposed to
sampling conditions, returned to the laboratory, and treated as an environmental sample.
Financial assistance The process by which funds are provided by one organization (usually
governmental) to another organization for the purpose of performing work or furnishing services or items.
Financial assistance mechanisms include grants, cooperative agreements, and governmental interagency
agreements.
Finding An assessment conclusion that identifies a condition having a significant effect on an item or
activity. An assessment finding may be positive or negative, and is normally accompanied by specific
examples of the observed condition.
Goodness-of-fit test The application of the chi square distribution in comparing the frequency
distribution of a statistic observed in a sample with the expected frequency distribution based on some
theoretical model.
Grade The category or rank given to entities having the same functional use but different requirements
for quality.
Graded approach The process of basing the level of application of managerial controls applied to an
item or work according to the intended use of the results and the degree of confidence needed in the quality
of the results. (See also Data Quality Objectives (DQO) Process.)
Guidance A suggested practice that is not mandatory, intended as an aid or example in complying with
a standard or requirement.
Guideline A suggested practice that is not mandatory in programs intended to comply with a standard.
Hazardous waste Any waste material that satisfies the definition of hazardous waste given in 40 CFR
261, "Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste."
HEPA filter -A high efficiency particulate air filter is an extended-media dry-type filter with a minimum
collection efficiency of 99.97% when tested with an aerosol of essentially monodisperse 0.3 (jm particles.
Holding time The period of time a sample may be stored prior to its required analysis. While exceeding
the holding time does not necessarily negate the veracity of analytical results, it causes the qualifying or
"flagging" of any data not meeting all of the specified acceptance criteria.
Hygrothermograph - Instrument resulting from the combination of a thermograph and a hygrograph and
furnishing, on the same chart, simultaneous time recording of ambient temperature and humidity
Laboratory blank filter New filters that are weighed at the time of determination of the presampling (tare)
weight of each set of PM25 filters intended for field use. These laboratory blank filters remain in the
laboratory in protective containers during the field sampling and are reweighed in each weighing session as
a QC check.
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Identification error The misidentification of an analyte. In this error type, the contaminant of concern
is unidentified and the measured concentration is incorrectly assigned to another contaminant.
Independent assessment An assessment performed by a qualified individual, group, or organization
that is not a part of the organization directly performing and accountable for the work being assessed.
Inspection The examination or measurement of an item or activity to verify conformance to specific
requirements.
Internal standard A standard added to a test portion of a sample in a known amount and carried
through the entire determination procedure as a reference for calibrating and controlling the precision and
bias of the applied analytical method.
Item An all-inclusive term used in place of the following: appurtenance, facility, sample, assembly,
component, equipment, material, module, part, product, structure, subassembly, subsystem, system, unit,
documented concepts, or data.
Laboratory analyst- The generic term used to describe the ESAT contractor(s) responsible for the
actvities described in the standard operating procedures.
Laboratory split samples Two or more representative portions taken from the same sample and
analyzed by different laboratories to estimate the interlaboratory precision or variability and the data
comparability.
Limit of quantitation The minimum concentration of an analyte or category of analytes in a specific
matrix that can be identified and quantified above the method detection limit and within specified limits of
precision and bias during routine analytical operating conditions.
Management system A structured, nontechnical system describing the policies, objectives, principles,
organizational authority, responsibilities, accountability, and implementation plan of an organization for
conducting work and producing items and services.
Management Systems Review (MSR) The qualitative assessment of a data collection operation and/or
organization(s) to establish whether the prevailing quality management structure, policies, practices, and
procedures are adequate for ensuring that the type and quality of data needed are obtained.
Management Those individuals directly responsible and accountable for planning, implementing, and
assessing work.
Mass reference standard - NIST-traceable weighing standards, generally in the range of weights expected
for the filters.
Matrix spike A sample prepared by adding a known mass of a target analyte to a specified amount of
matrix sample for which an independent estimate of the target analyte concentration is available. Spiked
samples are used, for example, to determine the effect of the matrix on a method's recovery efficiency.
May When used in a sentence, a term denoting permission but not a necessity.
Mean squared error A statistical term for variance added to the square of the bias.
Mean (arithmetic) The sum of all the values of a set of measurements divided by the number of values
in the set; a measure of central tendency.
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Measurement and Testing Equipment (M&TE) Tools, gauges, instruments, sampling devices, or
systems used to calibrate, measure, test, or inspect in order to control or acquire data to verify conformance
to specified requirements.
Memory effects error The effect that a relatively high concentration sample has on the measurement of
a lower concentration sample of the same analyte when the higher concentration sample precedes the lower
concentration sample in the same analytical instrument.
Method A body of procedures and techniques for performing an activity (e.g., sampling, chemical
analysis, quantification), systematically presented in the order in which they are to be executed.
Method blank A blank prepared to represent the sample matrix as closely as possible and analyzed
exactly like the calibration standards, samples, and quality control (QC) samples. Results of method
blanks provide an estimate of the within-batch variability of the blank response and an indication of bias
introduced by the analytical procedure.
Microbalance - A type of analytical balance that can weigh to the nearest 0.001 mg (that is, one
microgram or one-millionth of a gram).
Mid-range check A standard used to establish whether the middle of a measurement method's
calibrated range is still within specifications.
Mixed waste A hazardous waste material as defined by 40 CFR 261 Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) and mixed with radioactive waste subject to the requirements of the Atomic Energy
Act.
Must When used in a sentence, a term denoting a requirement that has to be met.
Nonconformance A deficiency in a characteristic, documentation, or procedure that renders the quality
of an item or activity unacceptable or indeterminate; nonfulfillment of a specified requirement.
Objective evidence Any documented statement of fact, other information, or record, either quantitative
or qualitative, pertaining to the quality of an item or activity, based on observations, measurements, or tests
that can be verified.
Observation An assessment conclusion that identifies a condition (either positive or negative) that does
not represent a significant impact on an item or activity. An observation may identify a condition that has
not yet caused a degradation of quality.
Organization structure The responsibilities, authorities, and relationships, arranged in a pattern,
through which an organization performs its functions.
Organization A company, corporation, firm, enterprise, or institution, or part thereof, whether
incorporated or not, public or private, that has its own functions and administration.
Outlier An extreme observation that is shown to have a low probability of belonging to a specified data
population.
Parameter A quantity, usually unknown, such as a mean or a standard deviation characterizing a
population. Commonly misused for "variable," "characteristic," or "property."
Peer review A documented critical review of work generally beyond the state of the art or characterized
by the existence of potential uncertainty. Conducted by qualified individuals (or an organization) who are
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independent of those who performed the work but collectively equivalent in technical expertise (i.e., peers)
to those who performed the original work. Peer reviews are conducted to ensure that activities are
technically adequate, competently performed, properly documented, and satisfy established technical and
quality requirements. An in-depth assessment of the assumptions, calculations, extrapolations, alternate
interpretations, methodology, acceptance criteria, and conclusions pertaining to specific work and of the
documentation that supports them. Peer reviews provide an evaluation of a subject where quantitative
methods of analysis or measures of success are unavailable or undefined, such as in research and
development.
Performance Evaluation (PE) A type of audit in which the quantitative data generated in a
measurement system are obtained independently and compared with routinely obtained data to evaluate the
proficiency of an analyst or laboratory.
PM2 5 sampler - A sampler used for monitoring PM2 5 in the atmosphere that collects a sample of
particulate matter from the air based on principles of inertial separation and filtration. The sampler also
maintains a constant sample flow rate and may record the actual flow rate and the total volume sampled.
PM25 mass concentration is calculated as the weight of the filter catch divided by the sampled volume. A
sampler cannot calculate PM2 5 concentration directly
PM2 5- Particulate matter (suspended in the atmosphere) having an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal
to a nominal 2.5 (jm, as measured by a reference method based on 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L, and
designated in accordance with 40 CFR Part 53.
Pollution prevention An organized, comprehensive effort to systematically reduce or eliminate
pollutants or contaminants prior to their generation or their release or discharge into the environment.
Polonium-210 (210Po) antistatic strip - A device containing a small amount of 210Po that emits a particles
(He2+) that neutralize the static charge on filters, making them easier to handle and their weights more
accurate.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)- The polymer that is used to manufacture the 46.2-mm diameter filters
for PM25 Federal Reference Method (FRM) and Federal Equivalent Method (FEM) samplers. Also known
as Teflonฎ.
QA supervisor or coordinator - A staff member who assists in preparation of the reporting organization's
quality plan, makes recommendations to management on quality issues (including training), oversees the
quality system's control and audit components, and reports the results.
Population The totality of items or units of material under consideration or study.
Precision A measure of mutual agreement among individual measurements of the same property,
usually under prescribed similar conditions expressed generally in terms of the standard deviation. Refer to
Appendix D, Data Quality Indicators, for a more detailed definition.
Procedure A specified way to perform an activity.
Process A set of interrelated resources and activities that transforms inputs into outputs. Examples of
processes include analysis, design, data collection, operation, fabrication, and calculation.
Project An organized set of activities within a program.
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Qualified services An indication that suppliers providing services have been evaluated and determined
to meet the technical and quality requirements of the client as provided by approved procurement
documents and demonstrated by the supplier to the client's satisfaction.
Qualified data Any data that have been modified or adjusted as part of statistical or mathematical
evaluation, data validation, or data verification operations.
Quality control (QC) sample An uncontaminated sample matrix spiked with known amounts of
analytes from a source independent of the calibration standards. Generally used to establish intra-
laboratory or analyst-specific precision and bias or to assess the performance of all or a portion of the
measurement system.
Quality improvement A management program for improving the quality of operations. Such
management programs generally entail a formal mechanism for encouraging worker recommendations with
timely management evaluation and feedback or implementation.
Quality management That aspect of the overall management system of the organization that determines
and implements the quality policy. Quality management includes strategic planning, allocation of
resources, and other systematic activities (e.g., planning, implementation, and assessment) pertaining to the
quality system.
Quality Control (QC) The overall system of technical activities that measures the attributes and
performance of a process, item, or service against defined standards to verify that they meet the stated
requirements established by the customer; operational techniques and activities that are used to fulfill
requirements for quality. The system of activities and checks used to ensure that measurement systems are
maintained within prescribed limits, providing protection against "out of control" conditions and ensuring
the results are of acceptable quality.
Quality The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to
meet the stated or implied needs and expectations of the user.
Quality Assurance (QA) An integrated system of management activities involving planning,
implementation, assessment, reporting, and quality improvement to ensure that a process, item, or service is
of the type and quality needed and expected by the client.
Quality Assurance Program Description/Plan See quality management plan.
Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) A formal document describing in comprehensive detail the
necessary quality assurance (QA), quality control (QC), and other technical activities that must be
implemented to ensure that the results of the work performed will satisfy the stated performance criteria.
The QAPP components are divided into four classes: 1) Project Management, 2) Measurement/Data
Acquisition, 3) Assessment/Oversight, and 4) Data Validation and Usability. Guidance and requirements
on preparation of QAPPs can be found in EPA QA/R-5 and QA/G-5.
Quality system A structured and documented management system describing the policies, objectives,
principles, organizational authority, responsibilities, accountability, and implementation plan of an
organization for ensuring quality in its work processes, products (items), and services. The quality system
provides the framework for planning, implementing, and assessing work performed by the organization and
for carrying out required quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC).
Quality Management Plan (QMP) A formal document that describes the quality system in terms of the
organization's structure, the functional responsibilities of management and staff, the lines of authority, and
the required interfaces for those planning, implementing, and assessing all activities conducted.
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Radioactive waste Waste material containing, or contaminated by, radionuclides, subject to the
requirements of the Atomic Energy Act.
Readability - The smallest difference between two measured values that can be read on the microbalance
display. The term "resolution" is a commonly used synonym.
Readiness review A systematic, documented review of the readiness for the start-up or continued use of
a facility, process, or activity. Readiness reviews are typically conducted before proceeding beyond project
milestones and prior to initiation of a major phase of work.
Record (quality) A document that furnishes objective evidence of the quality of items or activities and
that has been verified and authenticated as technically complete and correct. Records may include
photographs, drawings, magnetic tape, and other data recording media.
Recovery The act of determining whether or not the methodology measures all of the analyte contained
in a sample. Refer to Appendix D, Data Quality Indicators, for a more detailed definition.
Remediation The process of reducing the concentration of a contaminant (or contaminants) in air,
water, or soil media to a level that poses an acceptable risk to human health.
Repeatability - A measure of the ability of a microbalance to display the same result in repetitive
weighings of the same mass under the same measurement conditions. The term "precision" is sometimes
used as a synonym.
Repeatability The degree of agreement between independent test results produced by the same analyst,
using the same test method and equipment on random aliquots of the same sample within a short time
period.
Reporting limit The lowest concentration or amount of the target analyte required to be reported from a
data collection project. Reporting limits are generally greater than detection limits and are usually not
associated with a probability level.
Representativeness A measure of the degree to which data accurately and precisely represent a
characteristic of a population, a parameter variation at a sampling point, a process condition, or an
environmental condition. See also Appendix D, Data Quality Indicators.
Reproducibility The precision, usually expressed as variance, that measures the variability among the
results of measurements of the same sample at different laboratories.
Requirement A formal statement of a need and the expected manner in which it is to be met.
Research (basic) A process, the objective of which is to gain fuller knowledge or understanding of the
fundamental aspects of phenomena and of observable facts without specific applications toward processes
or products in mind.
Research (applied) A process, the objective of which is to gain the knowledge or understanding
necessary for determining the means by which a recognized and specific need may be met.
Research development/demonstration The systematic use of the knowledge and understanding gained
from research and directed toward the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods,
including prototypes and processes.
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Round-robin study A method validation study involving a predetermined number of laboratories or
analysts, all analyzing the same sample(s) by the same method. In a round-robin study, all results are
compared and used to develop summary statistics such as interlaboratory precision and method bias or
recovery efficiency.
Ruggedness study The carefully ordered testing of an analytical method while making slight variations
in test conditions (as might be expected in routine use) to determine how such variations affect test results.
If a variation affects the results significantly, the method restrictions are tightened to minimize this
variability.
Scientific method The principles and processes regarded as necessary for scientific investigation,
including rules for concept or hypothesis formulation, conduct of experiments, and validation of hypotheses
by analysis of observations.
Self-assessment The assessments of work conducted by individuals, groups, or organizations directly
responsible for overseeing and/or performing the work.
Sensitivity the capability of a method or instrument to discriminate between measurement responses
representing different levels of a variable of interest. Refer to Appendix D, Data Quality Indicators, for a
more detailed definition.
Service The result generated by activities at the interface between the supplier and the customer, and the
supplier internal activities to meet customer needs. Such activities in environmental programs include
design, inspection, laboratory and/or field analysis, repair, and installation.
Shall A term denoting a requirement that is mandatory whenever the criterion for conformance with the
specification permits no deviation. This term does not prohibit the use of alternative approaches or
methods for implementing the specification so long as the requirement is fulfilled.
Should A term denoting a guideline or recommendation whenever noncompliance with the specification
is permissible.
Significant condition Any state, status, incident, or situation of an environmental process or condition,
or environmental technology in which the work being performed will be adversely affected sufficiently to
require corrective action to satisfy quality objectives or specifications and safety requirements.
Software life cycle The period of time that starts when a software product is conceived and ends when
the software product is no longer available for routine use. The software life cycle typically includes a
requirement phase, a design phase, an implementation phase, a test phase, an installation and check-out
phase, an operation and maintenance phase, and sometimes a retirement phase.
Source reduction Any practice that reduces the quantity of hazardous substances, contaminants, or
pollutants.
Span check A standard used to establish that a measurement method is not deviating from its calibrated
range.
Specification A document stating requirements and referring to or including drawings or other relevant
documents. Specifications should indicate the means and criteria for determining conformance.
Spike A substance that is added to an environmental sample to increase the concentration of target
analytes by known amounts; used to assess measurement accuracy (spike recovery). Spike duplicates are
used to assess measurement precision.
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Split samples Two or more representative portions taken from one sample in the field or in the
laboratory and analyzed by different analysts or laboratories. Split samples are quality control (QC)
samples that are used to assess analytical variability and comparability.
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) A written document that details the method for an operation,
analysis, or action with thoroughly prescribed techniques and steps and that is officially approved as the
method for performing certain routine or repetitive tasks.
Standard deviation A measure of the dispersion or imprecision of a sample or population distribution
expressed as the positive square root of the variance and has the same unit of measurement as the mean.
Supplier Any individual or organization furnishing items or services or performing work according to a
procurement document or a financial assistance agreement. An all-inclusive term used in place of any of
the following: vendor, seller, contractor, subcontractor, fabricator, or consultant.
Surrogate spike or analyte A pure substance with properties that mimic the analyte of interest. It is
unlikely to be found in environmental samples and is added to them to establish that the analytical method
has been performed properly.
Surveillance (quality) Continual or frequent monitoring and verification of the status of an entity and
the analysis of records to ensure that specified requirements are being fulfilled.
Technical Systems Audit (TSA) A thorough, systematic, on-site qualitative audit of facilities,
equipment, personnel, training, procedures, recordkeeping, data validation, data management, and reporting
aspects of a system.
Technical review A documented critical review of work that has been performed within the state of the
art. The review is accomplished by one or more qualified reviewers who are independent of those who
performed the work but are collectively equivalent in technical expertise to those who performed the
original work. The review is an in-depth analysis and evaluation of documents, activities, material, data, or
items that require technical verification or validation for applicability, correctness, adequacy, completeness,
and assurance that established requirements have been satisfied.
Traceability The ability to trace the history, application, or location of an entity by means of recorded
identifications. In a calibration sense, traceability relates measuring equipment to national or international
standards, primary standards, basic physical constants or properties, or reference materials. In a data
collection sense, it relates calculations and data generated throughout the project back to the requirements
for the quality of the project.
Traceability - The property of the result of a measurement or the value of a standard whereby it can be
related to stated references, usually national or international standards, through an unbroken chain of
comparisons, all having stated uncertainties. Many quality assurance programs demand traceability of
standards to a national standard. In most cases this can be achieved through a standard traceable to NIST.
Trip blank A clean sample of a matrix that is taken to the sampling site and transported to the
laboratory for analysis without having been exposed to sampling procedures.
Validation Confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that the particular
requirements for a specific intended use have been fulfilled. In design and development, validation
concerns the process of examining a product or result to determine conformance to user needs. See also
Appendix G, Data Management.
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Variance (statistical) A measure or dispersion of a sample or population distribution. Population
variance is the sum of squares of deviation from the mean divided by the population size (number of
elements). Sample variance is the sum of squares of deviations from the mean divided by the degrees of
freedom (number of observations minus one).
Verification Confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that specified
requirements have been fulfilled. In design and development, verification concerns the process of
examining a result of a given activity to determine conformance to the stated requirements for that activity.
Wet-bulb thermometer - A thermometer with a muslin-covered bulb, which is moistened and which is
used to measure the wet-bulb temperature.
Wet-bulb temperature - The temperature of the wet-bulb thermometer at equilibrium with a constant flow
of ambient air at a rate of from 2.5 to 10.0 meters per second.
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Appendix B
Revision No :1
Date 11/22/98
Page 1 of 3
Appendix B
Data Qualifiers/ Flags
A sample qualifier or a result qualifier consists of 3 alphanumeric characters that act as an indicator of the reason
that the subject data collection activity (a) did not produce a numeric result, (b) produced a numeric result that is
qualified in some respect relating to the type or validity of the result, or produced a numeric result but for
administrative reasons is not to be reported outside the laboratory.
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Appendix B
Revision No :1
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Page 2 of 3
Field Qualifiers
Code
CON
DAM
ESTii
EVT
FAC
FAT
FIT
FLRii
FLTii
FMC
FPC
FSC
FVL
LEK
SDM
Definition
Contamination
Filter damage
Elapsed sample time
Event
Field accident
Failed temperature check
- ambient
Failed temperature check-
Internal
Flow rate
Filter temperature
Failed multipoint
calibration verification
Failed pressure check
Failed single point
calibration verification
Flow volume
Leak suspected
Sampler damaged
Description
Contamination including observations of insects or other debris
Filter appeared damaged
Elapsed sample time out of specification
Exceptional event expected to have affected sample (dust, fire, spraying)
There was an accident in the field that either destroyed the sample or
rendered it not suitable for analysis.
Ambient temperature check out of specification
Internal temperature check out of specification
Flow rate 5 min avg out of specification
Filter temperature differential, 30-second interval out of specification
Failed the initial multipoint calibration verification
Barometric pressure check out of specification
Failed the initial single-point calibration verification
Flow volume suspect
Internal/external leak suspected
Sampler appears to be damaged, which may have affected the filter
I/- Flag generated by sampling equipment.
Laboratory Qualifiers
Code
ALT
AVG
BDL
BLQ
CAN
CBC
EER
Definition
Alternate measurement
Average value
Below detectable limits
Below limit of quantitation
Canceled
Cannot be calculated
Entry error
Explanation
The subject parameter was determined using an alternate measurement
method. Value is believed to be accurate but could be suspect.
Average value - used to report a range of values
There was not a sufficient concentration of the parameter in the sample to
exceed the lower detection limit in force at the time the analysis was
performed. Numeric results field, if present, is at best an approximate value.
The sample was considered above the detection limit, but there was not a
sufficient concentration of the parameter in the sample to exceed the lower
quantitation limit in force at the time the analysis was performed.
The analysis of this parameter was canceled and not performed.
The calculated analysis result cannot be calculated because an operand value
is qualified.
The recorded value is known to be incorrect but the correct value cannot be
determined to enter a correction.
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Revision No :1
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Page 3 of 3
Code
FBK
PCS
FFB
FIS
FLB
FLD
FLH
FLT
FQC
FRW
HTE
ISP
LAC
LLS
LTC
NAR
PSD
REJ
REQ
RET
RIN
SIS
STD
UND
VOD
Definition
Found in blank
Failed collocated sample
Failed field blank
Failed internal standard
Failed laboratory blank
Failed laboratory duplicate
Failed laboratory humidity
Failed laboratory temperature
Failed quality control
Failed replicate weight
Holding time exceeded
Improper sample preservation
Laboratory accident
Less than lower standard
Less than criteria of detection
No analysis result
Possible shipping damage
Rejected
Reque for re-analysis
Retum(ed) for re-analysis
Reanalyzed
Sample integrity suspect
Internal standard
Analyzed but undetected
Void sample
Explanation
The subject parameter had a measurable value above the established QC limit
when a blank was analyzed using the same equipment and analytical method.
Therefore, the reported value may be erroneous.
Collocated sample exceeded acceptance criteria limits.
Field blank samples exceeded acceptance criteria limits.
Internal standards exceeded acceptance criteria limits.
Laboratory blank samples exceeded acceptance criteria limits.
Laboratory duplicate samples exceeded acceptance criteria limits.
Laboratory humidity exceeded acceptance criteria limits
Laboratory temperature exceeded acceptance criteria limits.
The analysis result is not reliable because quality control criteria were
exceeded when the analysis was conducted. Numeric field, if present, is
estimated value.
The sample was reweighed and was not repeatable with acceptance criteria.
Filter holding time exceeded acceptance criteria limits
Due to improper preservation of the sample, it was rendered not suitable for
analysis.
There was an accident in the laboratory that either destroyed the sample or
rendered it not suitable for analysis.
The analysis value is less than the lower quality control standard.
Value reported is less than the criteria of detection (which may differ from
instrument detection limits).
There is no analysis result required for this subject parameter.
Upon receipt of filter from the field, the filter appears to have been damaged
during shipping.
The analysis results have been rejected for an unspecified reason by the
laboratory. For any results where a mean is being determined, this data was
not utilized in the calculation of the mean.
The analysis is not approved and must be re-analyzed using a different
method.
The analysis result is not approved by laboratory management and reanalysis
is required by the bench analyst with no change in the method.
The indicated analysis results were generated from a re-analysis
Based upon other flags or free-form notes the data quality from this sample is
suspect.
The subject parameter is being utilized as an internal standard for other
subject parameters in the sample. There is no analysis result report, although
the theoretical and/or limit value(s) may be present.
Indicates material was analyzed for but not detected.
The sample had flags indicating that the sample integrity was suspect and,
after examination, further processing was halted.
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Appendix C
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Page lof 11
Appendix C
Field Data Forms
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Field Inventory Form
Item
Vendor
Model #
Quantity Purchase Date Warranty
FormINV-01
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Appendix C
Revision No :1
Date 11/22/98
Page 3 of 11
Procurement Log
Item
Model #
Qty
P0#
Vendor
Date
Ordered
Receive
d
Cost
Initials
Accept/
Reject
Form PRO-01
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Appendix C
Revision No :1
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Phone Communication Form
Date:
Time:
Recorder:
Personnel on call:
Issue(s):
Decisions(s):
Follow-up Action(s):
Follow-up Responsibilities:
Completion Dates for Follow-up Actions:
Form COM-01
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Appendix C
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Monthly Progress Report
Reporting Date: Start:
End:
Reporter:
Progress
Sites Scheduled for Month:
Sites Evaluated during Month:
Issues
Old:
New:
Actions:
Actions:
Free Form Notes:
Form COM-2
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Site Data Sheet
AIRS Monitor Site ID
Site Name
AIRS Method Designation
Site Coordinates Lat:
Long:
Reporting Org. Address
Monitor ID
Monitoring Freq. (1/6, 1/3, daily)
Monitor Make/Model
Site Type (SLAMS/NAMS)
Reporting Org Contact
Name
Phone Number
E-Mail
Directions to Site from Field Office:
Directions From major thoroughfare:
Safety Concerns
Closest Hospital Address and directions from site:
Closest Hardware Store:-
Closest Monitoring Site:
Additional Equipment Needed
Closet Federal Express Facility
Recommended Hotel (Address/Phone #)
2nd Closest Monitoring Site :
Free Form Notes
Form SD-01
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Appendix C
Revision No :1
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PM25 Federal Reference Method Performance Evaluation Program
Chain of Custody Form
PART I - WEIGHING LABORATORY
Filter Weighing and Shipping Information
Filter ID Number
Weighing Lab
Analyst/Custodian Name
Shipment Date
Sent to (PE Org)
This Filter Must be Used bv:
Filter Cassette No
Cassette Type
Weighing Date
Airbill No.
Shipped via
Fed. Express
Return to:
On completion of Part I, the weighing laboratory keeps one copy and sends 2 copies to
the field office with the filter.
PART II - FIELD OFFICE
Date Received:
Shipment
CJCJuMs) (describe)
PE Organization:
Field Scientist:
PART III FIELD SITE
Filter Type
QRO
QCO
QFB
Q Void (describe) Q Other (describe)
Associated Filter Samples - enter cassette numbers for other filters used for this
PE
Colloc. PE
Field Blank
Other (describe)
Other (describe)
Transport of Filter and Field Site Information
Arrival Date at Site:
Site Name:
AIRS Site ID:
Primary Site
Make/Model:
Ser.
Site Operator and Other Observers:
Filter Integrity OK | Q Yes Q No (describe)
PART IV FIELD FILTER SHIPPING
Shipping from Field to Weighing Lab
Shipped by:
Airbill No.
Shipment
Destination:
Shipped | Fed.Express
On completion of Part II-IV, the field scientist keeps one copy and sends the other to
the laboratory with the filter.
PART V - WEIGHING LABORATORY
Form COC-2
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FRM PEP Field SOP
Appendix C
Revision No :1
Date 11/22/98
Page 8 of 11
PM2 5 Federal Reference Method Performance Evaluation Program
Field Data Sheet for BGT PO200A
Identification
Field Scientist:
Date:
FRM Serial No:
AIRS Site ID:
Transfer Standards - enter manufacturer's serial number:
Temp. Trans. Std:
BP Trans. Std:
Flow Rate Orifice:
FR press, gauge:
Site Checks
Time checks OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Siting criteria OK? Q Yes Q No (describe)
FRM Sampler Verification Checks: Indicate only the final result of the check after all troubleshooting has been done. Document troubleshooting in the Notes section below and/or in field
notebook.
Leak Checks
External Leak
Bar. Pressure
Ambient Pressure
Temperature
Ambient Sensor
Filter Sensor
Cntena
change<10 cmH2O
Criteria
+10 mmHg
Criteria
+2ฐC
+2DC
Beginning P
Std. Pressure
Std. Temp.
Ending P
Samp. Pressure
Sampler Temp.
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Flow Rate Verification
Data for calculating standard
orifice FR
Audit standard FR check:
Design flow rate check:
Ambient T
c
Criteria
< 4% difference
Criteria
> 15.84 < 17.51
Orifice delta-P
cmH2O
Std FR (calc.)
Lpm
Design FR
16. 67 Lpm
Ambient BP
mmHg
Sampler FR
Lpm
Sampler FR
Lpm
Orifice Constants
m= b=
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
Verification OK?
Q Yes Q No (describe)
fflfosure Data
Filter Cassette No:
Start Date/Time:
End Date/Time:
Total Time:
Average Ambient T:
Average Bar. Press:
Data Download OK?
ฐC
mmHg
Q Yes Q No
(d escribe')
Filter Integrity OK? Q Yes Q No (describe)
Total Volume: m3
Average Flow Rate: Lpm
CVofFlowRate: Lpm
Sampler Flags:
Field Flags:
Notes:
Form FDS
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FRM PEP Field SOP
Appendix C
Revision No :1
Date 11/22/98
Page 9 of 11
Barometric Pressure Multipoint Veriflcation/Recalibration Data Sheet
Use this form when a sampler is scheduled for multipoint verification or recalibration or_ because of an invalid single-point verification
check. See Field SOP PEPF 7.01 for instructions.
Sampler No.: _
Sampler Make/Model:
Reason for multipoint procedure: n failed verification check n scheduled calibration
Original Verification Results: Fill out this section only if this multipoint procedure is being done because an on-site single-point
verification failed. Verification is done at ambient pressure.
Verif. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Initial Readings: Use this section to record multipoint verification readings and/or readings taken before the sampler is recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
2. Reduced P
3. Elevated P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Final Readings: Record readings after the sampler's calibration response has been adjusted. Fill out this section only when performing the
multipoint recalibration procedure.
Calib. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
2. Reduced P
3. Elevated P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reverification Results: Fill out this section only if a sampler has been recalibrated.
Verif. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (mmHg)
1. Ambient P
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reverification Result: n Pass n Fail
Notes:
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FRM PEP Field SOP
Appendix C
Revision No :1
Date 11/22/98
Page 10 of 11
Temperature Sensor Multipoint Verification/Recalibration Data Sheet
Use this form when a sampler is scheduled for multipoint verification or recalibration oj_ because of an invalid single-point verification
check. See Field SOP PEPF 7.02 for instructions. Use one form for each T sensor.
Sampler No.: _
Sampler Make/Model:
Reason for multipoint procedure: n failed verification check
Sensor Type: n Ambient n Filter n DGM
n scheduled calibration
Original Verification Results: Fill out this section only if this multipoint procedure is being done because an on-site single-point
verification failed. Verification is done at ambient temperature.
Verif. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (deg. C)
1. Ambient T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Initial Readings: Use this section to record multipoint verification readings and/or readings taken before the sensor is recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Date:
Reading (deg. C)
1. Ambient T
2. Reduced T
3. Elevated T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Final Readings: Record readings after the sensor's calibration response has been adjusted. Fill out this section only when performing the
multipoint recalibration procedure.
Calib. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (deg. C)
1. Ambient T
2. Reduced T
3. Elevated T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reveriflcation Results: Fill out this section only if the sensor has been recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (deg. C)
1. Ambient T
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Difference (a-b)
Reveriflcation Result: n Pass n Fail
Notes:
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FRM PEP Field SOP
Appendix C
Revision No :1
Date 11/22/98
Page 11 of 11
Flow Rate Multipoint Veriflcation/Recalibration Data Sheet
Use this form when a sampler is scheduled for multipoint verification or recalibration gr_ because of an invalid single-point verification
check. See Field SOP PEPF 7.03 for instructions.
Sampler No.: _
Sampler Make/Model: _
Reason for multipoint procedure: n failed verification check n scheduled calibration
Original Verification Results: Fill out this section only if this multipoint procedure is being done because an on-site single-point
verification failed. Verification is done at ambient pressure and temperature.
Verif. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b x
Initial Readings: Use this section to record multipoint verification readings and/or readings taken before the sampler is recalibrated.
Calib. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
2. Design FR - 10%
3. Design FR + 10%
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b x
Final Readings: Record readings after the sampler's calibration response has been adjusted.
Fill out this section only when performing the multipoint recalibration procedure.
Calib. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
2. Design FR - 10%
3. Design FR + 10%
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b x
Reverification Results: Fill out this section only if a sampler has been recalibrated.
Verif. Std. Make/Model.:
Serial No.:
Date:
Location (Field Site ID or Laboratory):
Operator or FS:
Reading (Lpm)
1. Design FR
Sampler (a)
Transfer Standard (b)
Pet. Difference (a-b)/b x
Reverification Result: n Pass n Fail
Notes:
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