INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER
FACT SHEET SERIES
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials
Manufacturers and Lubricant
U.S. EPA Office of Water
EPA-833-F-06-019
December 2006
What is the NPDES stormwater permitting program for industrial
activity?
Activities, such as material handling and storage, equipment maintenance and cleaning, industrial
processing or other operations that occur at industrial facilities are often exposed to stormwater. The
runoff from these areas may discharge pollutants directly into nearby waterbodies or indirectly via
storm sewer systems, thereby degrading water quality.
In 1990, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed permitting regulations under the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) to control stormwater discharges associated
with eleven categories of industrial activity. As a result, NPDES permitting authorities, which may be
either EPA or a state environmental agency, issue stormwater permits to control runoff from these
industrial facilities.
What types of industrial facilities are required to obtain permit
coverage?
This fact sheet discusses stormwater discharges from asphalt paving and roofing materials
manufacturers and lubricant manufacturers as described by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
Major Group 29. Only facilities that perform the following operations require coverage under an
industrial stormwater permit:
4 Asphalt paving mixtures and blocks (SIC 2951)
4 Asphalt felts and coatings (SIC 2952)
4 Lubricating oils and lubricating oils and greases (SIC 2992)
4 Products of petroleum and coal not elsewhere classified (SIC 2999)
Not discussed in this fact sheet are Tenderers of fats and oils (see Fact Sheet U (EPA-833-F-06-036)
for food and kindred products), oil recycling facilities (see Fact Sheet N (EPA-833-F-06-029) for scrap
recycling facilities), or petroleum refining facilities.
What does an industrial stormwater permit require?
Common requirements for coverage under an industrial stormwater permit include development of
a written stormwater pollution prevention plan (SWPPP), implementation of control measures, and
submittal of a request for permit coverage, usually referred to as the Notice of Intent or NOI. The
SWPPP is a written assessment of potential sources of pollutants in stormwater runoff and control
measures that will be implemented at your facility to minimize the discharge of these pollutants
in runoff from the site. These control measures include site-specific best management practices
(BMPs), maintenance plans, inspections, employee training, and reporting. The procedures detailed
in the SWPPP must be implemented by the facility and updated as necessary, with a copy of the
SWPPP kept on-site. The industrial stormwater permit also requires collection of visual, analytical,
and/or compliance monitoring data to determine the effectiveness of implemented BMPs. For more
information on EPA's industrial stormwater permit and links to State stormwater permits, go to
www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwaterand click on "Industrial Activity."
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INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER FACT SHEET SERIES
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials Manufacturers
and Lubricant Manufacturers
What pollutants are associated with activities at my facility?
Pollutants conveyed in stormwater discharges from facilities involved with the manufacturing of
asphalt, roofing materials, and lubricants will vary. There are a number of factors that influence to
what extent industrial activities and significant materials can affect water quality.
4 Geographic location
4 Topography
4 Hydrogeology
4 Extent of impervious surfaces (e.g., concrete or asphalt)
4 Type of ground cover (e.g., vegetation, crushed stone, or dirt)
4 Outdoor activities (e.g., material storage, loading/unloading, vehicle maintenance)
4 Size of the operation
4 Type, duration, and intensity of precipitation events
The activities, pollutant sources, and pollutants detailed in Table 1 are commonly found at asphalt
paving and roofing materials manufacturers and lubricant manufacturing facilities.
Table 1. Common Activities, Pollutant Sources, and Associated Pollutants at Asphalt Paving and
Roofing Materials Manufacturers and Lubricant Manufacturing Facilities
Activity
Pollutant Source
Pollutant
Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials
Outdoor stockpiling of
materials
Storage of materials in
above-ground tanks
Transport of materials by
a conveyor or front-end
loader
Exposure of aggregate (sand, stone,
limestone, gravel, etc.) to precipitation
Leakage from tanks
Exposed materials and potential spills
Total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved
solids (TDS) biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and
grease (O&G), benzene, methylene blue active
substances (MBAS), metals, pH
TSS, TDS, BOD5, COD, O&G, benzene, MBAS,
metals, pH
TSS, TDS, BOD5, COD, O&G, benzene, MBAS,
metals, pH
Lubricating Oils and Greases
Storage of raw materials
Vehicle and equipment
maintenance
Vehicle and equipment
fueling
Spills and leaks of materials from tank
farms or 55-gallon drums
Parts cleaning, waste disposal of rags, oil
filters, air filters, batteries, hydraulic fluids,
transmission fluids, brake fluids, coolants,
lubricants, degreasers, spent solvents
Spills and leaks during fuel transfer, spills
due to "topping off" tanks, runoff from
fueling areas, washdown of fueling areas,
leaking storage tanks, spills of oils, brake
fluids, transmission fluids,
Petroleum or synthetic-based stocks and various
additives, O&G, pH
Gas/diesel fuel, fuel additives, oil/lubricants,
heavy metals, brake fluids, transmission fluids,
chlorinated solvents, arsenic
Gas/diesel fuel, fuel additives, oil, lubricants,
heavy metals
What BMPs can be used to minimize contact between stormwater
and potential pollutants at my facility?
A variety of BMP options may be applicable to eliminate or minimize the presence of pollutants
in stormwater discharges from asphalt paving and roofing materials manufacturers and lubricant
manufacturing facilities. You will likely need to implement a combination or suite of BMPs to address
stormwater runoff at your facility. Your first consideration should be for pollution prevention BMPs,
EPA-833-F-06-019
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INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER FACT SHEET SERIES
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials Manufacturers
and Lubricant Manufacturers
which are designed to prevent or minimize pollutants from entering stormwater runoff and/or reduce
the volume of stormwater requiring management. Prevention BMPs can include regular cleanup,
collection and containment of debris in storage areas, and other housekeeping practices, spill control,
and employee training. It may also be necessary to implement treatment BMPs, which are engineered
structures intended to treat stormwater runoff and/or mitigate the effects of increased stormwater
runoff peak rate, volume, and velocity. Treatment BMPs are generally more expensive to install and
maintain and include oil-water separators, wet ponds, and proprietary filter devices.
BMPs must be selected and implemented to address the following:
Good Housekeeping Practices
Good housekeeping is a practical, cost-effective way to maintain a clean and orderly facility to prevent
potential pollution sources from coming into contact with stormwater. It includes establishing proto-
cols to reduce the possibility of mishandling materials or equipment and training employees in good
housekeeping techniques. Common areas where good housekeeping practices should be followed in-
clude trash containers and adjacent areas, material storage areas, vehicle and equipment maintenance
areas, and loading docks. Good housekeeping practices must include a schedule for regular pickup and
disposal of garbage and waste materials and routine inspections of drums, tanks, and containers for
leaks and structural conditions. Practices also include containing and covering garbage, waste materi-
als, and debris. Involving employees in routine monitoring of housekeeping practices has proven to
be an effective means of ensuring the continued implementation of these measures.
Minimizing Exposure
Where feasible, minimizing exposure of potential pollutant sources to precipitation is an important
control option. Minimizing exposure prevents pollutants, including debris, from coming into contact
with precipitation and can reduce the need for BMPs to treat contaminated stormwater runoff. It can
also prevent debris from being picked up by stormwater and carried into drains and surface waters.
Examples of BMPs for exposure minimization include covering materials or activities with temporary
structures (e.g., tarps) when wet weather is expected or moving materials or activities to existing
or new permanent structures (e.g., buildings, silos, sheds). Even the simple practice of keeping a
dumpster lid closed can be a very effective pollution prevention measure.
Erosion and Sediment Control
BMPs must be selected and implemented to limit erosion on areas of your site that, due to
topography, activities, soils, cover, materials, or other factors are likely to experience erosion. Erosion
control BMPs such as seeding, mulching, and sodding prevent soil from becoming dislodged and
should be considered first. Sediment control BMPs such as silt fences, sediment ponds, and stabilized
entrances trap sediment after it has eroded. Sediment control BMPs should be used to back-up
erosion control BMPs.
Management of Runoff
Your SWPPP must contain a narrative evaluation of the appropriateness of stormwater management
practices that divert, infiltrate, reuse, or otherwise manage stormwater runoff so as to reduce the
discharge of pollutants. Appropriate measures are highly site-specific, but may include, among others,
vegetative swales, collection and reuse of stormwater, inlet controls, snow management, infiltration
devices, and wet retention measures.
A combination of preventive and treatment BMPs will yield the most effective stormwater
management for minimizing the offsite discharge of pollutants via stormwater runoff. Though not
specifically outlined in this fact sheet, BMPs must also address preventive maintenance records or
logbooks, regular facility inspections, spill prevention and response, and employee training.
EPA-833-F-06-019
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INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER FACT SHEET SERIES
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials Manufacturers
and Lubricant Manufacturers
All BMPs require regular maintenance to function as intended. Some management measures have
simple maintenance requirements, others are quite involved. You must regularly inspect all BMPs to
ensure they are operating properly, including during runoff events. As soon as a problem is found,
action to resolve it should be initiated immediately.
Implement BMPs, such as those listed below in Table 2 for the control of pollutants at asphalt paving
and roofing materials manufacturers and lubricant manufacturing facilities, to minimize and prevent
the discharge of pollutants in stormwater. Identifying weaknesses in current facility practices will aid
the permittee in determining appropriate BMPs that will achieve a reduction in pollutant loadings.
BMPs listed in Table 2 are broadly applicable to asphalt paving and roofing materials manufacturers
and lubricant manufacturing facilities; however, this is not a complete list and you are recommended
to consult with regulatory agencies or a stormwater engineer/consultant to identify appropriate BMPs
for your facility.
Table 2. BMPs for Potential Pollutant Sources at Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials
Manufacturers and Lubricant Manufacturing Facilities
Pollutant Source
BMPs
Material storage,
handling, and
processing
Q Cover material storage and handling areas with an awning, tarp, or roof.
Q Confine storage to designated and labeled areas outside of drainage pathways and away from
surface waters
FJ Practice good stockpiling practices such as: storing materials on concrete or asphalt pads;
surrounding stockpiles with diversion dikes or curbs; and revegetating areas used for
stockpiling in order to slow runoff.
FJ Use curbing, diking, or channelization around material storage, handling and processing areas
to divert run-on around areas where it can come into contact with material stored or spilled on
the ground.
Q Utilize secondary containment measures such as dikes or berms around asphalt storage tanks
and fuel oil tanks.
FJ Use dust collection systems (i.e., baghouses) to collect airborne particles generated as a result
of material handling operations or aggregate drying.
FJ Promptly dispose of waste materials from dust collection systems and other operations.
FJ Remove spilled material and dust from paved portions of the facility by shoveling and
sweeping on a regular basis.
FJ Utilize catch basins to collect potentially contaminated stormwater.
FJ Develop and implement spill prevention plans to prevent contact of runoff with spills of
significant materials.
Q Clean material handling equipment and vehicles to remove accumulated dust and residue on a
regular basis.
Q Use a detention pond or sedimentation basin to reduce suspended solids.
Q Use an oil/water separator to reduce the discharge of oil/grease.
Q Maintain up-to-date material inventory.
Q Maintain dry, clean floors and ground surfaces.
Q Train employees in good housekeeping, spill prevention and control, and materials
management procedures.
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INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER FACT SHEET SERIES
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials Manufacturers
and Lubricant Manufacturers
Table 2. BMPs for Potential Pollutant Sources at Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials
Manufacturers and Lubricant Manufacturing Facilities (continued)
Pollutant Source
BMPs
Storage of
Petroleum, synthetic-
based stocks and
additives
FJ If area is uncovered, connect sump outlet to sanitary sewer (if possible) or an oil/water
separator, catch basin filter, etc. If connecting to a sanitary sewer check with the system
operator to ensure that the discharge is acceptable. If implementing separator or filter
technologies ensure that regular inspections and maintenance procedures are in place.
FJ Develop and implement spill plans.
Q Train employees in spill prevention and control.
Above ground tanks
Q Provide secondary containment, such as dikes, with a height sufficient to contain a spill
(the greater of 10 percent of the total enclosed tank volume or 110 percent of the volume
contained in the largest tank).
FJ If containment structures have drains, ensure that the drains have valves, and that valves
are maintained in the closed position. Institute protocols for checking/testing stormwater in
containment areas prior to discharge.
FJ Use double-walled tanks with overflow protection.
Q Keep liquid transfer nozzles/hoses in secondary containment area.
Portable containers/drums
FJ Keep liquid transfer nozzles/hoses in secondary containment area.
Q Store drums indoors when possible.
FJ Store drums, including empty or used drums, in secondary containment with a roof or cover
(including temporary cover such as a tarp that prevents contact with precipitation).
Q Provide secondary containment, such as dikes or portable containers, with a height sufficient
to contain a spill (the greater of 10 percent of the total enclosed tank volume or 110 percent
of the volume contained in the largest tank).
Q Clearly label drum with its contents.
Vehicle and
equipment fueling
FJ Conduct fueling operations (including the transfer of fuel from tank trucks) on an impervious
or contained pad or under a roof or canopy where possible. Covering should extend beyond
spill containment pad to prevent rain from entering.
FJ When fueling in uncovered area, use a concrete pad (asphalt is not chemically resistant to the
fuels being handled).
Q Use drip pans where leaks or spills of fuel can occur and where making and breaking hose
connections.
FJ Use fueling hoses with check valves to prevent hose drainage after filling.
Q Use spill and overflow protection devices.
FJ Keep spill cleanup material readily available. Clean up spills and leaks immediately.
Q Minimize/eliminate run-on into fueling areas with diversion dikes, berms, containment
trenches, curbing or other equivalent measures.
FJ Collect stormwater runoff and provide treatment or recycling.
Q Use dry cleanup methods for fuel area rather than hosing down the fuel area. Follow
procedures for sweeping up absorbents as soon as spilled substances have been absorbed.
FJ Provide curbing or posts around fuel pumps to prevent collisions from vehicles.
Q Discourage "topping off" of fuel tanks.
FJ Regularly inspect and perform preventive maintenance on fuel storage tanks to detect
potential leaks before they occur.
Q Inspect the fueling area for leaks and spills.
FJ Train employees on vehicle fueling BMPs.
EPA-833-F-06-019
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INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER FACT SHEET SERIES
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials Manufacturers
and Lubricant Manufacturers
Table 2. BMPs for Potential Pollutant Sources at Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials
Manufacturers and Lubricant Manufacturing Facilities (continued)
Pollutant Source
BMPs
Vehicle and
equipment
maintenance
Good Housekeeping
Q Eliminate floor drains that are connected to the storm or sanitary sewer; if necessary, install a
sump that is pumped regularly. Collected wastes should be properly treated or disposed of by
a licensed waste hauler.
Q Do all cleaning at a centralized station so the solvents stay in one area.
FJ If parts are dipped in liquid, remove them slowly to avoid spills.
FJ Use drip pans, drain boards, and drying racks to direct drips back into a fluid holding tank for
reuse.
FJ Drain all parts of fluids prior to disposal. Oil filters can be crushed and recycled.
Q Promptly transfer used fluids to the proper container; do not leave full drip pans or other open
containers around the shop. Empty and clean drip pans and containers.
Q Clean up leaks, drips, and other spills without using large amounts of water. Use absorbents
for dry cleanup whenever possible.
Q Prohibit the practice of hosing down an area where the practice would result in the discharge
of pollutants to a stormwater system.
Q Do not pour liquid waste into floor drains, sinks, outdoor storm drain inlets, or other storm
drains or sewer connections.
FJ Maintain an organized inventory of materials.
FJ Eliminate or reduce the number and amount of hazardous materials and waste by substituting
nonhazardous or less hazardous materials.
FJ Label and track the recycling of waste material (e.g., used oil, spent solvents, batteries).
Q Store batteries and other significant materials indoors.
Q Dispose of greasy rags, oil filters, air filters, batteries, spent coolant, and degreasers in
compliance with RCRA regulations.
Minimizing Exposure
FJ Perform all cleaning operations indoors or under covering when possible. Conduct the
cleaning operations in an area with a concrete floor with no floor drainage other than to
sanitary sewers or treatment facilities.
FJ If operations are uncovered, perform them on concrete pad that is impervious and contained.
FJ Park vehicles and equipment indoors or under a roof whenever possible and maintain proper
control of oil leaks/spills.
Q Check vehicles closely for leaks and use pans to collect fluid when leaks occur.
Management of Runoff
FJ Use berms, curbs, grassed swales or other diversion measures to ensure that stormwater
runoff from other parts of the facility does not flow over the maintenance area.
FJ Collect the stormwater runoff from the cleaning area and provide treatment or recycling.
Discharge vehicle wash or rinse water to the sanitary sewer (if allowed by sewer authority),
wastewater treatment, a land application site, or recycle onsite. DO NOT discharge washwater
to a storm drain or to surface water.
Inspections and Training
FJ Inspect the maintenance area regularly to ensure BMPs are implemented.
FJ Train employees on proper waste control and disposal procedures.
EPA-833-F-06-019
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INDUSTRIAL STORMWATER FACT SHEET SERIES
Sector D: Asphalt Paving and Roofing Materials Manufacturers
and Lubricant Manufacturers
What if activities and materials at my facility are not exposed to
precipitation?
The industrial stormwater program requires permit coverage for a number of specified types of
industrial activities. However, when a facility is able to prevent the exposure of ALL relevant activities
and materials to precipitation, it may be eligible to claim no exposure and qualify for a waiver from
permit coverage.
If you are regulated under the industrial permitting program, you must either obtain permit coverage
or submit a no exposure certification form, if available. Check with your permitting authority for
additional information as not every permitting authority program provides no exposure exemptions.
Where do I get more information?
For additional information on the industrial stormwater program see
www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/msgp.
A list of names and telephone numbers for each EPA Region or state NPDES permitting authority can
be found at www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwatercontacts.
References
Information contained in this Fact Sheet was compiled from EPA's past and current Multi-Sector
General Permits and from the following sources:
4 City of Phoenix, Street Transportation Department, Storm Water Management Section. 2004.
Prevent Stormwater Contamination Best Management Practices for: Section D - Asphalt Paving
and Roofing Materials and Lubricant Manufacturers. SIC Codes: 2951, 2952, 2992, 2999.
http://phoenix.gov/STREETS/asphroof.pdf
4 New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Quality. "Stormwater
Discharge General Permits: Hot Mix Asphalt Producers (HMAP) General Permit (R4)."
www.nj.gov/dep/dwq/gp_stormwater.htm#asphalt
4 Orange County, California, Watershed & Coastal Resources Division. Concrete and Asphalt
Production, Application, and Cutting.
www.ocwatersheds.com/StormWater/documents_bmp_existing_development.asp#ind
4 Pierce County Washington, Public Works and Utilities. "Best Management Practices for
Commercial and Industrial Activities."
www.co.pierce.wa.us/xml/services/home/environ/water/cip/swmmanual/stakeholders/
SWM M % 20V4-C4_1 .pdf
4 USEPA. 1992. Stormwater Management for Industrial Activities: Developing Pollution
Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices. EPA-832-R-92-006.
www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater
4 USEPA Office of Science and Technology. 1999. Preliminary Data Summary of Urban
Stormwater Best Management Practices. EPA-821-R-99-012
www.epa.gov/OST/stormwater/
4 USEPA, Office of Wastewater Management. NPDES Stormwater Multi-Sector General Permit for
Industrial Activities (MSGP).
www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/msgp
EPA-833-F-06-019
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