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Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201A)
Washington, DC 20460
EPA 305-R-06-001
December 2006
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Table of Contents
National Summary of Public Water Systems Compliance in 2004
Introduction 1
What Information is in This Report? 2
Findings 3
Public Water System Sizes and Types 3
Overall Compliance Picture 4
Health-Based Drinking Water Standards 4
Monitoring and Reporting Drinking Water Standards 5
Community Water Systems 7
Non-Community Water Systems 7
How Does EPA Help PWS Comply With Requirements? 7
What Happens to Systems in Violation of the Requirements? 8
What is the Quality of the Data EPA Uses for This Report? 9
What is EPA Doing to Improve Data Quality? 9
How Does EPA Evaluate State Reports? 11
Conclusions and Recommendations 11
Comparison of 2003 and 2004 Data 11
TCR and Chemical Violations 11
Trends Since 2000 12
Implementation of Prior Year Recommendations 12
2004 Report Recommendations 13
National Summary of Compliance for Public Water Systems in Indian Country in 2004
Introduction 15
Public Water Systems in Indian Country 15
Public Water Systems in Alaska and Oklahoma 15
Data Quality 15
Findings 15
Compliance Assistance and Enforcement 17
Financial Assistance 18
Conclusions and Recommendations 18
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Table of Contents Page i • December 2006
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Appendix A
Glossary of Terms A-l
Appendix B
Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports B-l
Appendix C
Map of Indian Lands C-l
List of Tables
Table A-l: Significant Monitoring Violations for Annual State Public Water System Reports A-4
Table A-2: Summary of Drinking Water Regulations for Public Water Systems During 2004 A-5
Table B-l: Summary of Elements Reported by States B-5
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary Page ii • December 2006
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National Summary of
Public Water Systems Compliance in 2004
INTRODUCTION
The National Public Water Systems Compliance
Report for 2004 describes how the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and its state and tribal
partners are meeting the goal of ensuring that
Americans receive safe drinking water from public
water systems.
Some of the ways that EPA measures attaining this
goal is to track the number of public water systems
that may not be meeting health-based drinking water
standards, or monitoring and reporting requirements.
In 2004 94% of America's public water systems
reported no violations of a health-based drinking
water standard.
Public Water Systems
A Public Water System (PWS) is a system that
provides water for human consumption, if such
system has at least 15 service connections or
regularly serves at least 25 individuals at least 60
days out of the year. A public water system can
be one of three types:
• Community Systems (CWS) serve at least 15
service connections (which may include
factories, schools, or places of housing that are
on the same distribution system as residences)
used by year-round residences or regularly
serve at least 25 year-round residents.
• Non-transient Non-community Systems
(NTNCWS) serve at least 25 of the same
persons over six months per year not at their
residence (e.g., schools or factories that have
their own water source).
• Transient Non-community Systems (TNCWS)
serve at least 25 persons (but not the same 25)
over six months per year not at their residence
(e.g., campgrounds or highway rest stops that
have their own water source).
EPA prepares a National Public Water Systems
Compliance Report for every calendar year. This
report uses calendar year, which is from January
through December, while other reports or databases
may use the fiscal year which is from October
through September. The report is an annual
summary of reported violations at the nation's public
water systems. This report also discusses the data
we use to measure our success and the progress we
are making in our efforts to increase data reliability
and completeness. The report also summarizes and
evaluates annual reports prepared by the states.1
The first part of this report provides a national picture
of the public water system compliance using data
from the Safe Drinking Water Information
System/Federal Version (SDWIS). SDWIS is the
national database where states and tribes with
primacy report annually to EPA violations of the
maximum contaminant levels, treatment techniques,
significant monitoring and reporting, significant
consumer notification, variance and/or exemptions.
EPA aggregates these reported violations at all public
water systems in states, commonwealths, territories
and in Indian country to present a national summary
of violations, and then presents summaries of
significant monitoring and reporting violations,
significant public notification violations, and violations
of health-based standards at the different kinds of
public water systems.
The second part of this report presents information
on public water systems in Indian country.
A glossary of terms used in this report appears in
Appendix A.
Summaries and evaluations of completeness of the
states' annual public water systems reports for 2004
are presented in Appendix B.
The term "state" includes 57 states, commonwealths, and territories that have been approved to implement the drinking water program within
their jurisdiction. It also includes the Navajo Nation, which received EPA approval to implement its drinking water program on December 6, 2000.
Federal approval to implement the drinking water program is called primary enforcement authority, or "primacy." During calendar year 2004,
EPA directly implemented the drinking water program in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and throughout most of Indian country other than the
Navajo Nation. EPA is responsible for reporting violations in areas where the Agency directly implements the program.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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How Does The Public Find Out If Its Drinking Water Is Safe?
Information Sent to Customers:
Consumer Confidence Report —
(http://www.epa.gov/safewater/ccr/pdfs/quickrefguide
_ccr.pdf) Every community water system is required to
produce a yearly report identifying the contaminants
detected in its water and the risks of exposure to those
contaminants. The annual water quality report or
consumer confidence report (CCR) provides customers
with a more complete picture of drinking water quality
and systems operations. The annual CCR tells
customers what is in their water, where it comes from,
and where they can obtain additional information. Large
systems are required to mail their customers the report.
While medium systems and small systems are required
to produce the report, these systems may obtain a
waiver from the mailing requirement. Very small
systems are only required to print the report in the local
newspaper.
Public Notification Rule — (http://www.epa.gov/
safewater/pws/pn/rulefact.html) Public water systems
must notify their customers if there has been a violation
of drinking water standards. Public notification is
intended to ensure that consumers will always know if
there is a problem with their drinking water. Public
water systems must notify the people who drink their
water if the level of a contaminant in the water exceeds
EPA, State, or tribal drinking water regulations, if there
is a waterborne disease outbreak or any other situation
that may pose a risk to the public health, if the water
system fails to test its water as required, or if the
system has a variance or exemption from the
regulations. Depending on the severity of the situation
water suppliers
WHAT INFORMATION IS IN THIS REPORT?
This report uses information from SDWIS/FED, the
national database where EPA records information
that the states are required to report about their
public water systems. For the national public water
system compliance reports, EPA examines
SDWIS/FED records of violations of primary drinking
water regulations that specify: 1) the maximum
permissible level of a contaminant in water that is
delivered to any user of a public water system
(Maximum Contaminant Level or MCL); 2) techniques
for treating water to make it safe; 3) monitoring and
reporting requirements (how and when water must be
have 24 hours to one year to notify their customers.
Public notification is provided in addition to the CCR.
Information on the Internet:
Safewater Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/safewater)
— Provides information on the Safe Drinking Water
Act, individual water systems, contaminants that may
be in drinking water, and what individuals can do to
help protect sources of their drinking water.
Additional Information:
Call the Community Water System — Billing
statements should provide a number to call with
questions.
State Public Water Systems Compliance Report —
Each state's annual report discusses the violations at
its public water systems. Most state reports include a
list of violating facilities.
National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
(this report) — Summarizes all reported violations at
America's public water systems.
Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) —
Answers questions about drinking water, lets callers
order documents from EPA, and can refer callers to
EPA experts if they need more information.
Envirofacts Web Site (http://www.epa.gov/enviro) —
Allows the public to access EPA databases containing
information on environmental activities that may affect
air, water, and land anywhere in the United States.
tested and the results reported); and 4) significant
user notification violations.
• While SDWIS/FED collects information on
monitoring and reporting violations, only significant"
monitoring and reporting violations are counted in
this report. A "significant" monitoring and reporting
violation occurs, with rare exceptions, when no
samples are taken or no results are reported during
a compliance period. Table A-1 provides a more
detailed description of significant monitoring
violations for the different rules.
This report tabulates only "significant" monitoring and reporting and notification (e.g., CCR) violations. Table A-1 presents descriptions of
significant monitoring violations for the different drinking water regulations.
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2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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• A significant user notification violation occurs when
a community water system completely failed to
provide to its users a required report. Significant
user notification violations include violations of the
Consumer Confidence Report Regulation and
violations of the Public Notification Regulations.
• The information provided in the Consumer
Confidence Report (CCR) will supplement public
notification that water systems must provide to their
customers upon discovering any violation of a
contaminant standard. The CCR should not be the
primary notification of potential health risk posed by
drinking water, but will provide customers with a
snapshot of the quality of their drinking water
supply.
• Public notification helps to ensure that consumers
receive timely information about problems with their
drinking water. These public notification
requirements have always been a part of the Safe
Drinking Water Act.
EPA routinely evaluates state programs by
conducting data verification audits and triennial
national summary evaluations. These triennial
reviews revealed that only 65% of the apparent MCL
violations and 23% of the apparent monitoring and
reporting violations had been reported to
SDWIS/FED (although what percent of the
unreported monitoring and reporting violations are
significant violations is unknown). Since the reviews,
EPA and its state partners have worked towards the
identification and resolution of any problems that may
have produced data discrepancies in the past, and to
prevent the occurrence of future problems. More
discussions of data quality concerns, triennial
reviews, and EPA's recommendations appear later in
this report.
FINDINGS
Public Water System Sizes and Types
In 2004,158,802 public water systems together
served over 296 million users. The actual number
of individuals served was smaller, because
millions of Americans drank water from, and were
counted as users by, more than one public water
system during the course of the year.
Percentage of Systems by Type
D Community
• Transient Non-Community
n Non-Transient Non-Community
• 52,537 community water systems served more
than 272 million people in their primary residences.
• 19,258 non-transient non-community systems (i.e.,
schools, factories) served almost 6 million people
in places they frequented.
• 87,007 transient non-community systems (i.e.,
campgrounds, highway rest stops) served a
constantly changing user base of over 18 million
people.
Most public water systems were small, but large
systems served a majority of the people who
drank water from a public water system.
100%
Size vs. Users Served
94%
0%
Small Systems
Large Systems
D Percentage of Systems • Percentage of Users Served
94% of America's public water systems (including
nearly all of the transient non-community systems)
served 3,300 or fewer users. Together, these
149,946 small systems provided service to only
14% of all users.
Because approximately 3% of public water systems are "medium" in size, i.e., serve between 3,301 and 10,000 users, and because
approximately 10% of the population is served by them, this report omits a separate discussion of "medium" systems.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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• 2% of America's public water systems served more
than 10,000 users. Together, these 3,956 large
systems provided service to 77% of all users.
Overall Compliance Picture
Most Americans received drinking water from
public water systems that recorded no significant
violations in 2004.
PWS with Reported Significant Violations
D Violation of Some Kind
• No Violation
For 74% of the public water systems in America,
there was no report of a health-based violation nor
were there reports of significant monitoring and
reporting violations. The primacy states reported
either a health-based violation, a significant
monitoring and reporting violation, or a significant
CCR violation at 41,310 public water systems in
2004.
Users Served by PWS
Without Reported Significant Violation
D Users Served by PWS without Reported
Significant Violation
• Users Served by PWS with Reported
Significant Violation
76% of the population served by public water
systems received drinking water from a system that
reported no violations of a health-based standard,
was not cited for a significant violation of a monitoring
and reporting requirement, and issued a consumer
confidence report, if required.
• There were 10,161 reported violations of the CCR
Rule in 2004.
One violation of a variance or exemption was
reported to SDWIS/FED during 2004.
• Under Federal law, states can grant variances or
exemptions to public water systems in limited
circumstances allowing them to install alternative
technology or giving them more time to meet a
standard if public health is adequately protected in
the interim. For the few public water systems that
were operating under a variance or exemption in
2004, only one state (New York) reported a
violation of the variance or exemption.
Health-Based Drinking Water Standards
94% of America's public water systems, serving
92% of the users, did not report any violations of
health-based drinking water standards in 2004.
PWS with No Reported Health-Based Violations
Q Systems with Reported Health-Based Violations
• Systems with No Reported Health-Based Violations
The Maximum Contaminant Level for the Total
Coliform Rule (TCR) is the health-based standard
most frequently violated. SDWIS/FED recorded
15,173 violations of health-based standards in 2004.
Sixty-three percent (63%) of these violations were
violations of the MCL for the Total Coliform Rule
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2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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(TCR), which must be met by all types and sizes of
public water systems.4
The health-based standard that was reported with the
least number of violations was the Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR) with just
over a hundred violations. Only the largest public
water systems are subject to the IESWTR.
Type of Reported Significant Violation
Percentage of Violations by Rule
100%
90%
Chem TCR LCR SWTR/IESW DBPR
• Percentage of Health-Based Violations
D Percentage of Monitoring and Reporting Violations
Monitoring and Reporting
Drinking Water Standards
Approximately four-fifths of the 132,573 violations the
states reported to SDWIS/FED in 2004 were for a
public water system's significant failure to monitor
and report, rather than a violation of a standard.
D Health-Based
• Monitoring and Reporting
D Public Notification and CCR
• If a system did not monitor the quality of its water, it
is impossible to know if it has violated a health-
based requirement. For this reason, a system's
significant failure to monitor and report is a major
violation that must be addressed and corrected.
• 52% of the 106,412 significant monitoring and
reporting violations reported by the states were
violations of the requirements of the Chemical
Contaminant Group. In 2004 the states reported
more than twice as many Chemical Contaminant
Group monitoring and reporting violations as in
2003.
• 29% of the 106,412 significant monitoring and
reporting violations reported by the states were
violations of the requirements of the TCR. The
states reported 8% fewer TCR monitoring and
reporting violations than the previous year.
For the annual compliance reports, EPA tracks violations of the contaminant rules in five categories: 1) chemical contaminants (Chem) —
violations of rules for organic, inorganic (except for lead and copper), and radioactive contaminants — compliance with many organic and
inorganic standards is determined on the basis of shared samples, with one missed sample resulting in a monitoring and reporting violation of
many standards; 2) total coliform (TCR); 3) lead and copper (LCR); 4) surface water treatment (SWTR) Interim Enhanced Surface Water
(IESWTR), filter backwash recycling rule; Long Term Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule; and 5) Disinfection By-Product Rule (DBPR).
Coliform bacteria are usually not a threat to humans, but their presence in drinking water can indicate a lapse in treatment and the possible
presence of other, more dangerous microbes.
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Does a Health-Based Violation Mean Drinking the Water Causes Illness?
It is important to note that a public water system's
violation of a health-based standard does not mean
that the people who drank the system's water got sick.
A health-based violation means either that the system
has exposed its users to what EPA has judged as an
unreasonable risk of illness, or that the system has
failed to treat its water to the extent EPA has judged
necessary to protect its users from an unreasonable
risk of illness in the event that the regulated
contaminant is present in source water. Many variables
affect the likelihood of illness resulting from health-
based violations, among them the duration of the
violation, whether or not the violation occurred in an
isolated section of a complex public water system, and
the extent to which contamination exceeds the
allowable level.
While modern treatment systems have substantially
reduced the incidence of waterborne disease, drinking
water contamination remains a significant health risk
management challenge. Studies by the Centers for
Disease Control (CDC) indicate that between 1980 and
1998 there were 419 outbreaks of illness linked to
contamination in drinking water resulting in an
estimated 511,000 cases of disease (Craun and
Calderon, 1996; Levy et al., 1998; Barwick et al., 2000).
The majority of outbreaks in the U.S. occurred at
surface water systems. Nearly 80% of all reported
cases of illness were associated with the 1993
Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee, Wl, which
resulted in an estimated 403,000 cases (MacKenzie et
al. 1994; McDonald et al. 2001).
The number of waterborne disease outbreaks identified
and reported in the CDC database is believed,
however, to understate the actual incidence of
outbreaks and cases of illness (Craun and Calderon,
1996; National Research Council, 1997). The most
recent CDC report on outbreak data for 2001-2002 is
available at
http:www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/SS/SS5308.pdf.
Recognized and reported waterborne disease
outbreaks are usually the result of exposure to
waterborne pathogens that cause acute gastrointestinal
illness with diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, nausea,
and vomiting. Because such illnesses are generally of
short duration in healthy people, many individuals
experiencing these symptoms do not seek medical
attention. Where medical attention is sought, the
pathogenic agent may not be identified through routine
testing. Consequently, outbreaks are often not
recognized in a community or, if recognized, are not
traced to a drinking water source. Moreover, an
unknown but probably significant portion of waterborne
disease is endemic (i.e., isolated cases not associated
with an outbreak) and, thus, is even more difficult to
recognize. Waterborne disease information does not
include information on diseases that would be caused
by contaminants with chronic effects.
EPA's health-based standards are intended to provide
an adequate margin of safety not just for healthy
people, but also for populations that are at greater risk
from waterborne disease. These sensitive
subpopulations include children (especially the very
young), the elderly, the malnourished, pregnant
women, the disease-impaired (e.g., those with
diabetes, cystic fibrosis), and a broad category of those
with compromised immune systems, such as AIDS
patients, those with autoimmune disorders (e.g.,
rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, multiple
sclerosis), transplant recipients, and those on
chemotherapy (Rose, 1997). Immunocompromised
persons are more likely than healthy individuals to
contract waterborne disease, the severity and duration
of their illness is often greater, and they are at a greater
risk of death.
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2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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Community Water Systems
Non-Community Water Systems
Although community water systems make up only
one-third of the public water systems in America, they
serve 92% of population served by public water
systems.
• 75% of the population served by community water
systems received drinking water from a system that
reported no violations of a health-based standard,
was not cited for a significant violation of a
monitoring and reporting requirement, and issued a
consumer confidence report as required.
• About 18,700 (36%) out of the over 52,000
community water systems had significant
violations. Of the 272 million users served in their
primary residence by community water systems,
approximately 69 million (25%) received their water
from one of the violating community water systems.
• Approximately 2,100 (25%) of the more than 8,600
larger community water systems serving more than
3,300 users had significant violations. These
violating larger community systems served more
than 61 million (22%) of the 272 million users
served in their primary residence by community
water systems.
• Of the approximately 44,000 small community
water systems serving 3,300 users or less in their
primary residence, over 16,600 (38%) had
significant violations. Over 7.8 million (3%) users
were served by these small community water
systems.
• The Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Rule
requires all community water systems to provide an
annual report to customers identifying the
contaminants detected in their water and the health
risks associated with those contaminants. As
reported to SDWIS/FED, 87% of community
water systems complied with the CCR Rule.
• Approximately 22,500 (21%) out of over 106,000
non-community water systems had significant
violations. The vast majority of these were small
non-community water systems serving 3,300 users
or less. Together these small systems with
significant violations served only 3.2 million (13%)
users out of the approximately 24 million users
served by non-community water systems.
• 52 (21 %) out of 248 larger non-community water
systems serving more than 3,300 users had
significant violations. Together these 52 larger non-
community systems served only about 464,000
(1.9%) users of the approximately 24 million users
served by non-community water systems.
HOW DOES EPA HELP PWS
COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENTS?
Primacy States and EPA engage in a variety of
activities to help public water systems remain in and
return to compliance, including formal enforcement
actions, informal actions, and compliance and
technical assistance. State and EPA compliance
assistance efforts to help a source remain in or return
to compliance may include:
• conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys at
public water systems (i.e., an on-site review of the
water sources, facilities, equipment, operations,
and maintenance to evaluate their adequacy in
producing and distributing safe drinking water);
• helping systems invest in preventive measures;
• providing financial assistance for system
improvements through the Drinking Water State
Revolving Fund and other State funding programs;
• reviewing water system plans and specifications;
• conducting training sessions;
• holding public information meetings;
• lending specialized monitoring equipment; and
• publishing informational bulletins and newsletters
on training events and other educational
opportunities.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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What Happens to Systems in Violation of
the Requirements?
When a drinking water violation is detected and it is
determined that compliance assistance is not the
best tool to return a source to compliance, EPA
guidelines require a response from the primacy
agency as a condition of funding. Acceptable
responses include a variety of formal and informal
actions as the state or EPA attempts to return a
violating public water system to compliance as
quickly as possible.
Generally, the primacy agency's first responses to
violations are informal actions such as:
• compliance assistance as appropriate;
• reminder letters;
• warning letters;
• notices of violation;
• field visits; and
• telephone calls.
If the violation continues or recurs, the primacy
agency must initiate a formal enforcement response
that requires the violating public water system to
return to compliance. Formal enforcement responses
include:
• citations;
• administrative orders with or without penalties;
• civil referrals to state attorneys general or to the
Department of Justice;
• other sanctions such as denying permission for
system expansion; and
• filing criminal charges.
If a situation poses an imminent risk to public health,
EPA and the state will issue an emergency order that
requires the public water system to take the steps
necessary to protect public health and return the
system to compliance.
During 2004, EPA and its state partners initiated
enforcement actions in response to drinking water
violations at public water systems in their
jurisdictions. For new rules, EPA generally has
primary enforcement authority until the States receive
primacy for each new rule. EPA implemented the
drinking water program in Wyoming, the District of
Columbia, and in Indian country, except for the
Navajo Nation. The Agency initiated enforcement
responses in these areas and occasionally in the
states, often at a state's invitation. Together, EPA
and the states initiated 4,478 formal enforcement
actions, each action potentially addressing multiple
violations.5
• In 2004 the states issued a total of 3,959 formal
enforcement actions, including 1,351 administrative
orders without penalty, 869 administrative orders
with penalty, 45 civil referrals to the states'
Attorneys General, 824 signed State Bilateral
Compliance Agreements (BCA), 860 state
intentional no-actions, and ten civil cases filed.
• During the same period, EPA issued a total of 519
formal enforcement actions, including 221 Federal
administrative orders, 3 Federal Emergency
Orders, 116 Federal No longer subject to rule, 177
Federal Intentional no actions, and two signed
Federal BCA.
These totals do not take into account informal
enforcement actions (i.e., warning letters, notices of
violation), compliance assistance activities, or the
public water systems that returned to compliance
before EPA and state procedures would require
initiation of a formal response.
EPA designates a public water system a significant
noncomplier if the system has serious, frequent or
persistent violations that may pose a threat to public
health. States and EPA give significant noncompliers
priority attention in their efforts to return violators to
compliance and address violations with enforcement
actions.
• In calendar year 2004, EPA designated 16,668
public water systems significant noncompliers,
which was comparable to the number of public
water systems designated as significant
noncompliers in 2002 and 2003. Over 90% of
these significant noncompliers in all these years
served 3,300 or fewer users.
There are several reasons why there will be a difference between the number of violations in a year and the number of formal enforcement
responses. For example, a state may choose to address a system's violations informally in a manner that returns the system to compliance
before the time interval has elapsed that by EPA guidance would necessitate initiation of a formal enforcement response. Also, it is not
uncommon for the regulator to address all of a violating system's multiple violations in a single enforcement response. In addition, formal
enforcement responses addressing violations discovered late in one reporting year are generally not initiated until early in the following year.
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2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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• In 2004 states and EPA addressed 4,392
significant noncompliers. Of the noncompliers
addressed, 1,563 (36%) were new significant
noncompliers identified in 2004. The other 2,829
were systems addressed as significant
noncompliers in 2003 and earlier.
• The totals for significant noncompliers addressed
do not take into account public water systems that
are no longer significant noncompliers because of
informal enforcement actions or compliance
assistance, or public water systems that returned to
compliance before EPA and state procedures
would require initiation of a formal response.
WHAT IS THE QUALITY OF THE
DATA EPA USES FOR THIS REPORT?
The data used in this report came from EPA's
national SDWIS/FED database. SDWIS/FED is
composed of data that primacy states are required to
submit to SDWIS/FED each quarter. EPA uses
information in SDWIS/FED to assess progress in the
implementation of regulations, to develop national
enforcement and compliance priorities, and to
provide information to the public.
EPA periodically conducts data verifications
(independent, on-site audits) of primacy state and
tribal drinking water programs to ensure that the
primacy state is determining compliance in
accordance with Federal regulations. Data
verifications help detect differences between data in
a state's files (whether electronic or hard copy) and
data in SDWIS/FED.
As part of the ongoing data reliability efforts
described in past National Public Water Systems
Compliance Reports, EPA examined the results of
data verifications conducted from 1999 to 2001 and
previously from 1996 through 1998. The most recent
(1999-2001) audits, which covered 31 states,
analyzed data from 1,890 public water systems. The
data audits reviewed inventory information
(identifying systems, their number, their size, and
their type), apparent violations that either were
reported or should have been reported, and any
enforcement actions initiated.
EPA's review showed that the quality of the
information the states reported to SDWIS/FED is
improving, but the data are incomplete. This finding
principally reflects differences between state and
EPA regulatory interpretation rather than a
preponderance of data management issues. Most of
the SDWIS/FED data quality problems EPA identified
were instances where violations that should have
been recorded and reported did not appear in
SDWIS/FED. EPA found that only a small percentage
of this incompleteness is because SDWIS/FED will
accept only properly transferred data. EPA's analysis
of the data verifications found:
• 95% of all inventory data in SDWIS/FED was
accurate and complete.
• The overall quality of SDWIS/FED violations data
improved from the first assessment to the second
from 68% to 75% for the Total Coliform Rule
standard, but other violations related to health-
based standards and monitoring and reporting are
not as high.
• Most of the discrepancies between apparent and
reported violations are because of unrecorded and
unreported violations. This accounts for 62% of all
discrepancies related to maximum contaminant
level/treatment technique violations and 86% of all
discrepancies related to monitoring and reporting
violations.
• Only 27% of apparent monitoring and reporting
violations had been reported to SDWIS/FED.
• 65% of the apparent MCL/treatment technique
violations had been reported to SDWIS/FED.
• SDWIS/FED contained accurate and complete
information on 82% of the enforcement actions
found in the states' records.
WHAT IS EPA DOING TO
IMPROVE DATA QUALITY?
EPA continues to work with its state partners to
identify and resolve any problems that may have
produced data discrepancies in the past and to
ensure that complete and accurate documentation is
available to help assess the safety of the nations'
drinking water.
• The drinking water violation data improved from the
1996-1998 timeframe to the 1999-2001 timeframe.
EPA is drafting the current Data Reliability Report
for the 2002-2004 timeframe. EPA has set a goal
of 90% for data quality and is working closely with
the Association of State Drinking Water
Administrators (ASDWA) to implement an action
plan that will help the drinking water program
achieve this goal.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
Page 9
December 2006
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• EPA has set up a workgroup with the ASDWA to
implement its updated 2003 Data Reliability
Analysis and Action Plan (DRAAP). Implementation
of the plan will begin in 2005.
• EPA has negotiated grant conditions with several
states based upon the 2003 DRAAP. Under these
grant conditions, the states would follow quality
assurance/quality control plans for drinking water
violation data reported to EPA and address the
differences in interpretation of the regulation.
• EPA will be working with all states to implement the
EPA Order 5360.1 A2 dealing with requirements for
quality management systems.
• Changes to modernize SDWIS database should
reduce data quality problems in the future from
data entry to transmission. SDWIS Modernization
focused on changes to make the quality checking
function available to states before they send data to
EPA, to provide a data entry format consistent with
contemporary commercial data transfer formats,
and to reduce the complexity of data entry into
SDWIS/FED by standardizing processing.
The introduction to this report mentioned data
verification audits and triennial national summary
evaluations that will be discussed in this section of
the report. The results of EPA's second triennial
review of data quality in SDWIS/FED, Drinking Water
Data Reliability Analysis and Action Plan (2003) (EPA
816-R-03- 021, March 2004), includes an evaluation
of data collected from 1999 through 2001. The first
triennial review, published in 2000, analyzed drinking
water data from 1996 through 1998 to establish a
data quality baseline. The second review indicates
that data in SDWIS/FED are highly accurate, but still
incomplete. The first triennial review of data quality
for the period 1996 through 1998 resulted in a
detailed data analysis report in 2000 and also
produced an action plan for states and EPA to work
together to improve data quality. The plan resulted in
actions which included training state personnel,
streamlining reporting to SDWIS/FED, making
SDWIS error reporting and correction more user-
friendly, reducing rule complexity, improving data
verification audits (DVs), following-up with Regions
after DVs, and encouraging states to notify water
systems of sampling schedules annually. Like the
first review, this second triennial review of data
quality is largely based on DVs. The DVs, conducted
between 1999 and 2001, reflect data for 1,890
randomly selected PWSs in 31 states. To support a
comparative analysis, a similar set of analyses and
methods were used in the second review as in the
first, where possible.
The data quality of core inventory data was high and
essentially remained the same as that determined for
the first assessment (95% in the first triennial review
versus 96% in the second triennial review). Data
quality for enforcement data improved from 72% to
80% and remained of moderate quality. Notably,
there were 80% fewer enforcement actions from the
first assessment. Violations were grouped by
maximum contaminant level (MCL), treatment
technique (TT), and monitoring and reporting (M/R)
violations. MCL violations were further broken down
into Total Coliform Rule (TCR) MCL violations and
Chemical and Radionuclides MCL violations (i.e.,
Other MCL).
Violations for the lead and copper rule were not
included in the analysis. While quality has improved
considerably in several areas, the analysis of DV
findings found that the violations data reported by
states to EPA were very accurate but incomplete in
several important aspects, as described below.
• The overall data quality for health-based violations
(i.e., MCL and SWTR TT) improved from 40% in
the first round to 65%. The overall data quality for
M/R violations increased from 9% to 23%.
• The Total Coliform Rule had the highest data
quality, improving from 68% in the first assessment
to 75% in the second. Data quality is lower, but
improving, for other health-based standards
including Chemicals and Radionuclides and the
Surface Water Treatment Rule. Data quality for
M/R violations has improved, but is still low.
• Most violation errors are due to incorrect
compliance determinations by states, that is,
violations not correctly identified as such.
— Compliance determination errors accounted for
slightly more than 50% of all MCL errors, and
more than 85% of SWTR TT and M/R errors.
— Half of the M/R errors were due to a failure of
the state to assign a violation where sample
data was missing from state files.
— Data flow errors (data in state databases but
not in SDWIS/FED) accounted for 9% of all
errors.
— Over-reporting of violations found in
SDWIS/FED accounted for fewer than 2% of all
errors. This is comparable to findings from the
first assessment.
December 2006 • Page 10
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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• Data quality estimates are similar across water
system types.
• More discussions of data quality concerns and
EPA's recommendations appear later in this report.
HOW DOES EPA
EVALUATE STATE REPORTS?
EPA reviewed each 2004 annual state report to
determine if it met the requirements of the 1996
Amendments to SDWA. The contents of the state
reports are summarized in Table B-1 in Appendix B.
Table B-1 shows whether a state:
• submitted a report to EPA;
• included all required elements;
• satisfied its statutory requirement to publish and
distribute summaries of the report that inform the
public of the availability of the full report;
• identified the size and type of violating systems;
• discussed the compliance assistance and
enforcement activities the state undertook in
response to violations;
• included a list of PWSs with MCL or treatment
technique violations, as EPA recommended in its
guidance to states on preparing their reports;
• provided information to the public on availability of
the reports; and
• included additional information of interest to the
public, such as the number of public water systems
in the state, their sizes and types, and background
on the Safe Drinking Water Act and its
implementation.
EPA provides a state-by-state summary of
information reported in each state report in Appendix
B. The standardized format includes an overall
summary of the violations data the Safe Drinking
Water Act requires states to report (i.e., violations
with respect to MCLs, treatment technique violations,
significant monitoring and reporting violations, and
variances and exemptions). The summary for each
state also tells how to obtain a copy of the state's full
report. The annual summary is based on violations
reported in the calendar year of 2003. In some
instances, the data reported by a state in July of 2004
may not agree with data currently in SDWIS/FED.
EPA's and the states' continual efforts to ensure that
the information in the SDWIS/FED database is as
accurate as possible may have resulted in updates
and corrections to the data since the state published
its report.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Most Americans received water from systems which
reported no violations of health-based standards, and
for which the states reported no significant violations
of monitoring and reporting requirements.
Comparison of 2003 and 2004 Data
There are some differences in the numbers of
violations reported in 2003 and 2004. The total
number of violations increased by 27% from 2003.
The number of significant violations of monitoring and
reporting requirements increased by 36,290 — a
notable 52% increase in violations between 2003 and
2004. Most of this increase was due to the cyclical
pattern of the monitoring requirements of Chemical
Contaminant Group. A smaller percentage of the
increase is due to the Stage 1 Disinfectants and
Disinfection Byproducts Rule (DBPR), which in 2004
required many smaller systems and groundwater
systems to comply with its monitoring requirements
for the first time. The number of DBPR monitoring
and reporting violations increased from less than
1,000 to over 7,000 violations. In 2004, America's
public water systems detected and reported 734
more violations of health-based standards — a 5%
increase from 2003. While the number of health-
based violations for the TCR and the SWTR
decreased slightly, 3% and 16% respectively, the
increased number of violations of the DBPR more
than offset the decreases. The total violations include
health-based and significant monitoring and reporting
violations, along with violations of the CCR.
TCR and Chemical Violations
In 2004, states reported the largest number of
violations for the Chemical Contaminant Rules. The
Chemical Contaminant Rules represented the group
with the largest significant violations for the
monitoring and reporting requirements. The 55,838
significant violations of monitoring and reporting
requirements of the Chemical Contaminant Rules
represent 52% of all significant monitoring and
reporting violations reported by the states in 2004.
The Total Coliform Rule continues to be the most
violated health-based standard. The 9,544 violations
of the health-based standards for the Total Coliform
Rule represent 63% of all reported violations of
health-based standards in 2004. For Total Coliform
Rule Health-based violations of the rule decreased
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
Page 11 • December 2006
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3%, while significant monitoring and reporting
violations decreased 8%. The number of Total
Coliform Rule violations at all public water systems
decreased between 2003 and 2004.
Trends Since 2000
The number of significant violations reported since
2000 has been trending upward. During the same
period roughly 14% of the violations reported are
violations of health-based standards, while the
remaining approximately 87% of the violations are
significant monitoring and reporting violations.
Likewise the number of significant monitoring and
reporting violations has increased steadily since
1999. Violations of the health-based standards
fluctuated between small increases (5%) to small
decreases (2-3%) during this period.
Implementation of Prior
Year Recommendations
EPA incorporated the following recommendations for
fiscal years 2001, 2002, and 2003:
States and EPA should continue working
together to address significant violations of
monitoring and reporting and notification
requirements.
States and EPA should continue working
together to address violations of MCL and
treatment technique requirements.
Recognizing the importance of consistent, long term
efforts to protect the public from microbial
contaminants of drinking water, EPA has made
assuring compliance with the drinking water microbial
rules part of its core drinking water enforcement and
compliance program beginning in fiscal year 2005.
EPA Regions are working with states to evaluate how
well public water systems, especially large systems,
comply with the microbial rules and whether
enforcement actions are being initiated when
appropriate. Regions and states are also identifying
and evaluating microbial risks to watersheds in an
attempt to focus enforcement and compliance efforts
on ensuring the safety of drinking water sources.
Considerable effort will also be devoted to training
and compliance assistance. EPA will work to build
the capacity of small public water systems to
maintain compliance both with established rules and
with new microbial rules such as the Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and the
Ground Water Rule. In Indian country, where almost
all public water systems are small, EPA will focus
resources on ensuring compliance with the microbial
rules and the standards for nitrates in drinking water
through implementation of its new strategy for the
FY05-07 Tribal National Compliance and
Enforcement Priority.
With respect to the rest of the drinking water
program, states and EPA are continuing their efforts
to implement the recommendations of the national
public water system reports:
• EPA provides funding to support eight technology
assistance centers that help small systems with
training, technical assistance, and technology
demonstrations.
• States and EPA help promote compliance with
existing drinking water requirements by conducting
numerous assistance activities, such as on-site
visits and the development and distribution of easy-
to-read guides and checklists.
• EPA funding established and maintains the Local
Government Environmental Assistance Network
(LGEAN), a source of free information on current
and developing SDWA requirements (as well as
technical assistance, peer counseling, and financial
guidance). LGEAN can be accessed on the Internet
at www.lgean.org or by calling toll-free 1-877- TO-
LGEAN (865-4326).
• EPA has developed sets of tools that will assist
small systems with implementing drinking water
regulations and managing their systems while still
providing adequate public health protection.
• The states and EPA are pursuing enforcement
actions against violating public water systems both
to discourage violations and to ensure public health
protection.
Since September 1998, the findings and
recommendations of the national public water
systems reports have been incorporated into EPA's
ongoing efforts to ensure the reliability of data in
SDWIS/FED. In its first national report, EPA noted
that compliance data in many individual state reports
differed from the data reported to SDWIS/FED. In
1998, EPA, states, and drinking water stakeholders
agreed that our data quality goal should be "100%
complete, accurate, and timely data submitted by
public water systems and primacy agencies,
consistent with SDWA reporting requirements."
Further analysis and discussions among the
stakeholders led to establishment of interim
milestones for how soon that goal will be achieved.
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2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
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EPA, states, and the drinking water stakeholders
made significant progress on most of the data
recommendations of the earlier national reports — in
some instances achieving full implementation.
Among the major accomplishments, EPA has:
• improved the display of drinking water data in
Envirofacts;
• characterized and quantified the data quality
problem;
• taken interim steps to improve data quality,
including improvements to the data entry tools
states use to put information in SDWIS/FED and
provision of a mechanism that enables water
systems to confirm the accuracy of data before it is
accepted by SDWIS/FED; and
• made a long-term commitment to achieve and
maintain data quality goals.
2004 Report Recommendations
EPA, states, and drinking water stakeholders should
continue to work cooperatively to improve the quality
of compliance data. More remains to be done to
achieve the goal of 100% accurate, complete, and
timely information. Some of the next steps EPA,
states, and the drinking water stakeholders have
agreed to undertake include:
• streamlining data reporting and reducing rule
complexity;
• conducting more training to ensure regulatory staff
can accurately determine compliance with drinking
water rules and data entry staff can upload
complete and accurate data to SDWIS/FED;
• encouraging states to issue annual reminders to
water systems of their compliance monitoring
schedules;
• providing states with individual, prioritized
recommendations for improving their data quality;
• performing more frequent data verification audits;
• calculating estimates for SDWIS/FED data quality
every three years, or more frequently if data from a
sufficient number of data verifications are available;
• working with the Association of State Drinking
Water Administrators (ASDWA) to implement its
updated 2003 Data Reliability Analysis and Action
Plan (DRAAP);
• negotiating grant conditions with several states to
encourage them to follow quality assurance/quality
control plans for drinking water violation data
reported to EPA and address the differences in
interpretation of the regulation; and
• working with all states to implement the EPA Order
5360.1 A2 dealing with requirements for quality
management systems.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - National Summary
Page 13 • December 2006
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National Summary of Compliance for Public
Water Systems in Indian Country in 2004
INTRODUCTION
DATA QUALITY
This section of the 2004 National Public Water
Systems Compliance Report describes how the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and
federally-recognized Indian tribes (tribes) are meeting
the goal of ensuring that public water systems in
Indian country provide safe drinking water.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN
INDIAN COUNTRY
Tribes may apply for eligibility to receive primary
enforcement authority (known as primacy) to
administer the drinking water program provided they
meet the requirements of Sections 1413 and 1451 of
the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). As of 2004,
only the Navajo Nation had received primacy for most
public water systems on the Navajo Reservation.
EPA administers the drinking water program in the
rest of Indian country.
A glossary of terms used in this report appears in
Appendix A. A map of the areas covered by this
section appears in Appendix C.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS IN
ALASKA AND OKLAHOMA
Compliance figures for Alaska Native Villages outside
of Indian country are not included in this section of
the report. Similarly, compliance figures for 18 public
water systems in Indian country located in Oklahoma
are not included in this section of the report. In both
cases, this information is found in the state reports for
Alaska and Oklahoma, respectively. The state reports
do not, however, contain separate information on
these public water systems.
This report uses information from the Safe Drinking
Water Information System/Federal Version
(SDWIS/FED). SDWIS/FED is the national database
where EPA records information on public water
systems in Indian country. Public water systems in
Indian country are required to report laboratory data
to EPA. EPA uses the information to determine
compliance with the national primary drinking water
regulations of SDWA.
This report also discusses the limitations in the data
EPA uses to measure its success and the steps it is
taking to increase data reliability and completeness.
The report also discusses EPA's compliance
assistance, enforcement, and financial assistance
programs. EPA plans to continue its data quality
efforts during 2005 to ensure that SDWIS/FED
contains complete and accurate information. A
complete discussion of data quality is in the National
Summary of Public Water Systems Compliance in
2004 under the section entitled Data Quality.
FINDINGS
In 2004, 818 public water systems in Indian
country served 681,541 users.
• 589 community water systems served 536,184
people in their primary residences.
• 118 non-transient non-community systems (schools
and factories) served 119,243 people in places
they frequented.
• 111 transient non-community systems
(campgrounds and highway rest stops) served
26,114 people who passed through.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Section on Indian Country
Page 15 • December 2006
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Percentage of Systems by Type
• Community
• Transient Non-Community
HI Non-Transient Non-Community
Almost all public water systems in Indian country
were small. These small systems provide
drinking water to the majority of the public who
drank water in Indian country.
• 95% of public water systems in Indian country
serve 3,300 or fewer people. These 776 small
systems served 56% of the people who received
water from public water systems in Indian country.
Conversely, the other 42 public water systems in
Indian country serve 44% of the people who
received water from public water systems in Indian
country.
As reported to SDWIS/FED, most public water
systems in Indian country had violations.
• 508 of 818 water systems (62%) reported health-
based or significant reporting violations.
Systems with Reported Significant Violations
89% of public water systems in Indian country
reported no violations of a health-based drinking
water standard in 2004.
• 121 health-based violations in Indian country,
including multiple violations by some systems, were
reported to SDWIS/FED in 2004. The Maximum
Contaminant Level (MCL) for the Total Coliform
Rule (85%) was the health-based standard most
frequently violated.
Percentage of Health-Based Violations by Rule
Chem TOR SWTR
• Percentage of Health-Based Violations
The vast majority of violations reported to
SDWIS/FED in 2004 were for a public water
system's significant failure to monitor and report,
rather than health-based MCL or a treatment
technique violations detected and reported by a
system.
• Of the 6,173 violations reported to SDWIS/FED in
2004, 5,507 (89%) were significant violations of
monitoring and reporting requirements. If a system
did not monitor the quality of its water, it is
impossible to know if it has violated health-based
requirements. For this reason, a system's
significant failure to monitor and report is a major
violation that must be addressed and corrected.
• Public water systems in Indian country represent
0.5% of all public water systems in the United
States and were responsible for 5.2% of all
monitoring and reporting violations at public water
systems reported to SDWIS/FED in 2004.
] Violations of Some Kind
I No Reported Violations
December 2006 • Page 16
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Section on Indian Country
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Type of Violation
D Monitoring and Reporting
• Health-based
D Public Notification and CCR
As reported to SDWIS/FED, 59% of community
water systems in Indian country complied with
the Consumer Confidence Report Rule.
• The Consumer Confidence Report Rule requires all
community water systems to provide an annual
report to customers identifying the contaminants
detected in their water and the health risks
associated with those contaminants.
• In calendar year 2004, 243 community water
systems in Indian country were found to have a
"significant" violation of the Consumer Confidence
Report Rule, meaning that the community water
system completely failed to provide the required
report.
COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE
AND ENFORCEMENT
EPA uses multiple approaches to ensure public water
systems in Indian country comply with SDWA
regulations.
EPA's tribal compliance assistance program is
designed to help maintain compliance with SDWA by
building cooperative working relationships with utility
managers, operators, other tribal environmental staff,
and tribal elected officials. The program emphasizes
information exchanges, operation assistance, and
water quality monitoring.
Beginning in federal fiscal year 2005, EPA's Office of
Enforcement and Compliance Assurance plans to
focus increased attention on environmental issues in
Indian country through implementation of its new
Tribal National Compliance Priority. One of the goals
is to improve compliance with drinking water
standards by the end of fiscal year 2007. Between
fiscal year 2005 and fiscal year 2008, EPA will work
to improve the quality of public water system data,
provide additional compliance assistance, and reduce
the number of systems that are out of compliance
with key microbial rules.
EPA gives information and assistance directly to
tribal public water system operators, utility managers,
and owners through training sessions, newsletters,
telephone support, and system visits. On-site
technical assistance is provided by engineers and
qualified staff who work with tribes to assess current
compliance status, develop monitoring schedules and
compliance plans, and conduct sanitary surveys.
EPA coordinates many of these activities with other
federal agencies, including the Indian Health Service
and the Bureau of Reclamation. Coordination also
occurs with non-governmental organizations and
inter-tribal consortia, including the Native American
Water Association, the Rural Water Association, and
the Rural Community Assistance Corporation.
EPA is also responsible for initiating enforcement
actions against owners or operators of public water
systems in Indian country if a system is not in
compliance with SDWA. In most cases, EPA relies on
compliance assistance and informal enforcement
actions to facilitate a tribally-owned or -managed
public water system's return to compliance. When a
formal enforcement action is appropriate, EPA can
initiate administrative orders, including emergency
administrative orders, and refer civil and criminal
cases to the Department of Justice. The "EPA Policy
for the Administration of Environmental Programs on
Indian Reservations" (EPA Indian Policy, 11/8/84)
and the "Guidance on the Enforcement Principles
Outlined in the 1984 Indian Policy" (EPA Tribal
Enforcement Principles) guide the Agency's approach
to bringing civil administrative or judicial enforcement
actions against systems in Indian country.
Public water systems are required to monitor for 89
different contaminants and conduct analyses using a
variety of EPA-approved analytical methods. Where a
system fails to perform monitoring for some or all of
the required contaminants, a separate monitoring and
reporting violation is recorded for each missed
contaminant. Each of these violations is enforceable.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Section on Indian Country
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FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
EPA provides financial assistance to public water
systems in Indian country to help build tribal capacity
to operate and maintain systems in compliance with
SDWA. Capacity building is a long-term solution
which focuses on giving tribes grants, training, and
technical assistance as they develop their
environmental programs. EPA's Indian General
Assistance Program builds tribal capacity by
providing grants to plan, develop, and establish
environmental protection programs, including drinking
water programs.
EPA also distributes funds for specific drinking water
program priorities. EPA set aside $6,564,600 in
FY2004 for activities to support Tribal Public Water
System Supervision (PWSS) Programs. This financial
support allows EPA to operate PWSS programs in
Indian Country and to provide grants to tribes and
tribal organizations to address various aspects of the
drinking water program such as:
• capacity development projects;
• source water and wellhead protection projects;
• development of a voluntary operator certification
program for tribes; and
• provision of operator training and certification to
tribal operators.
In the 1996 Amendments to SDWA, an infrastructure
funding program was established to improve water
supplies. Each year, 1.5% of the appropriation for the
national Drinking Water State Revolving Fund
program is set aside for American Indian
communities and Alaska Native Villages. The initial
set-aside from the 1997 appropriation amounted to
$19.25 million. Subsequent set-asides have been:
$10.87 million in fiscal year 1998; $11.625 million in
fiscal year 1999; $12.3 million in fiscal year 2000;
$12.347 million in fiscal year 2001; $12.75 million in
fiscal year 2002; $12.667 million in fiscal year 2003;
and $12.675 million in fiscal year 2004. These funds
are used to improve the infrastructure of water
systems serving Tribal populations to achieve
compliance with drinking water standards. This
includes projects such as:
• distribution system improvements;
• community water system extensions;
• replacement of water mains;
• adding new wells;
• treatment improvements;
• construction of new pumphouses; and
• consolidation of PWS.
Finally, technical assistance and training for small
tribally-owned or-operated public water systems are
also provided. Through the cooperative agreements,
small tribal public water systems receive information
on training and technical assistance, wellhead and
ground water protection, and source water protection.
CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
In 2004, EPA Regions reported that 38% of the public
water systems in Indian country did not report a
violation of a health-based standard, a significant
monitoring and reporting violation, or a significant
consumer notification violation. This represents a
slight decrease from 2003 when 39% of facilities did
not report a violation of a health-based standard, a
significant monitoring and reporting violation, or a
significant consumer notification violation.
During 2004, there was a significant increase in the
total number of significant violations of monitoring
and reporting requirements in Indian country (from
945 in 2003 to 5,507 in 2004). The significant
increase in the number of monitoring and reporting
violations was attributed to the triennial monitoring
requirements for the Chemical Contaminant Group.
EPA continues to implement two primary
recommendations from previous reports: (1) improve
collection and maintenance of compliance data for
public water systems in Indian country; and (2) place
a priority on decreasing the number of monitoring and
reporting violations to gain a full understanding of
whether health-based violations exist. EPA will
accomplish these recommendations by:
• improving the inventory of public water systems in
Indian country;
• improving the collection and entry into SDWIS/FED
of compliance and enforcement;
• continuing to work with tribal governments, utility
managers, and water system operators to improve
compliance with monitoring and reporting
requirements and with health-based standards,
particularly the Total Coliform Rule and Surface
Water Treatment Rule;
• increasing EPA's field presence, conducting more
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2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Section on Indian Country
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frequent sanitary surveys, and engaging in targeted
technical and compliance assistance and
enforcement; and
• continuing to support and encourage capital
improvements for public water systems to improve
the infrastructure (and therefore compliance with
SDWA requirements) of public water systems in
Indian country, including grants provided under the
Drinking Water Tribal Infrastructure Grant Tribal
Set- Aside Program.
Ultimately, EPA continues to respond to compliance
and enforcement issues at public water systems
owned, operated, or managed by tribal governments
in a manner consistent with SDWA, the EPA Indian
Policy, and the EPA Tribal Enforcement Principles.
Where compliance assistance is ineffective or where,
among other things, there is a significant threat to
human health or the environment, EPA takes
appropriate steps to return systems to compliance,
including formal enforcement actions.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Section on Indian Country Page 19 • December 2006
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Appendix A
Glossary of Terms
-------
-------
Administrative Order
Formal enforcement actions issued by EPA or a
State to address noncompliance at a public water
system, usually by means of a compliance schedule
with enforceable milestone dates.
Chemical Rules
Refers collectively to regulations that protect the
public from unsafe levels of organic chemicals,
inorganic chemicals (including lead and copper), and
radioactivity in drinking water.
Community Water System
A public water system that serves at least 15 service
connections used by year-round residents or
regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents
(e.g., homes, apartments and condominiums that are
occupied year-round as primary residences).
Consumer Confidence Rule (CCR)
Requires community water systems to prepare and
provide to their customers annual consumer
confidence reports on the quality of the water
delivered by the systems.
Disinfection/Disinfectant
By Product Rule (DBPR)
Applies to community water systems and
nontransient non-community systems, including
those serving fewer than 10,000 people, that add a
disinfectant to the drinking water during any part of
the treatment process. The Stage 1 DBPR
specifically addresses risks associated with
disinfectants and disinfectant byproducts. This rule
was published concurrently with the Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR),
which addresses control of microbial pathogens.
Federally-recognized Indian Tribe
An Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo, community, or
Alaska Native Village that the Secretary of the Interior
acknowledges to exist as an Indian tribe pursuant to
the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of
1994, 25 U.S.C. Section 479a. Maintained by the
Department of the Interior, the list of federally-
recognized tribes is updated periodically and
published in the Federal Register. The latest list of
federally-recognized Indian tribes is available at 65
Federal Register 12398 (March 13, 2000).
Filter Backwash Recycle Rule (FBRR)
Requires public water systems (PWSs) to review
their backwash water recycling practices to ensure
that they do not compromise microbial control. Under
the FBRR, recycled filter backwash water, sludge
thickener supernatant, and liquids from dewatering
processes must be returned to a location such that all
processes of a system's conventional or direct
filtration including coagulation, flocculation,
sedimentation (conventional filtration only) and
filtration, are employed. Systems may apply to the
State for approval to recycle at an alternate location.
The Filter Backwash Rule applies to all public water
systems, regardless of size.
Health-based Violation
A violation of either a Maximum Contaminant Level or
a Treatment Technique requirement.
Inorganic Chemicals
These non-carbon based compounds (such as
metals, nitrates, and asbestos) can either occur
naturally in some sources of drinking water or be
introduced by human activity. EPA has established
MCLs for 15 inorganic contaminants. Violations of
standards for lead and copper are addressed
separately.
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule (IESWTR)
Applies to systems using surface water, or ground
water under the direct influence of surface water, that
serve 10,000 or more persons. The rule also includes
provisions for states to conduct sanitary surveys for
surface water systems regardless of system size.
Large System
A public water system that serves more than 10,000
people.
Lead and Copper Rule (LCR)
Requires a public water system to take steps to
minimize the risk of exposure to lead and copper in
drinking water by monitoring for these contaminants,
installing corrosion control where required, and,
where necessary, educating the public about ways to
reduce exposure. A system may also be required to
treat its source water or replace lead service lines.
Maximum Contaminant Level
The maximum permissible level of a contaminant in
water delivered to any user of a public water system.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix A
Page A-1 • December 2006
-------
Maximum Disinfectant
Residual Level (MDRL)
A level of a disinfectant added for water treatment
that may not be exceeded at the consumer's tap
without an unacceptable possibility of adverse health
effect.
Monitoring and Reporting Violation
Refers to either a violation of a monitoring and
reporting schedule or violation of contaminant-
specific minimum testing schedules and operational
reporting requirements. Those monitoring and
reporting violations considered "significant" for the
purposes of the state and national public water
system compliance reports are described below in
Table A-1.
Nitrate and Nitrite
Inorganic compounds that can enter water supplies,
primarily from fertilizer runoff, livestock farms, and
sanitary wastewater discharges.
Non-transient Non-community Water
System
A non-community public water system that regularly
serves at least 25 of the same persons over six
months per year. A typical example of a non-transient
non-community water system is a school or an office
building that has its own water source, such as a
drinking water well.
Organic Chemicals
These carbon-based compounds, such as solvents
and pesticides, can enter drinking water through a
variety of means, including factory discharges or
runoff from crop lands. EPA has established MCLs
for 56 organic contaminants.
Primacy
The Safe Drinking Water Act requires EPA, States,
and Tribes to work as partners to ensure delivery of
safe drinking water to the public. Any State or Indian
Tribe can request responsibility for operation and
oversight of the drinking water program within its
borders. In order to receive this responsibility (called
"primary enforcement authority" or "primacy"), a State
or Tribe must show, among other things, that it has
adopted drinking water regulations that are at least
as stringent as Federal regulations, and demonstrate
its capacity both to enforce those regulations and to
implement other activities necessary to ensure
compliance.
In the absence of State or Tribal primacy, EPA
assumes responsibility for administering the drinking
water program for that area. Of the 56 eligible States
(defined to include Commonwealths, Territories, and
the District of Columbia), all but Wyoming and the
District of Columbia have primacy. During calendar
year 2001, the EPA Regional Offices administered
the drinking water program within these two
jurisdictions and on all Tribal lands, except for the
Navajo Nation.
Primary Drinking Water Regulations
These are regulations that apply to public water
systems; specify contaminants which, in the
judgment of the Administrator, may have an adverse
effect on the health of persons; and specify for each
such contaminant either a maximum contaminant
level or a treatment technique.
Public Water System (PWS)
A system for the provision to the public of water for
human consumption through pipes or other
constructed conveyances, if such system has at least
15 service connections or regularly serves at least 25
individuals at least 60 days out of the year. A public
water system can be either a community water
system, a non-transient noncommunity water system,
or a transient noncommunity water system.
Radionuclides
Radioactive particles, such as radium-226, radium-
228, gross alpha, and beta particle/photon
radioactivity, can occur naturally in water or may
result from human activity. EPA has established
MCLs for beta/photon emitters, alpha emitters, and
combined radium 226/228.
Regional Offices
Responsible for implementing Environmental
Protection Agency programs within their respective
jurisdictions. Regional Offices cooperate with
Federal, State, interstate, and local agencies, as well
as with industry, academic institutions, and other
private groups to ensure that Regional needs are
addressed and that Federal environmental laws are
upheld.
Small Systems
Public water systems that serve no more than 3,300
people.
December 2006 • Page A-2
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix A
-------
Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)
The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires a public
water system served by surface water or by ground
water under the influence of surface water to take
steps (such as disinfection, filtration followed by
disinfection, or watershed control) to reduce potential
exposure to microbiological contamination.
Total Coliform Rule (TCR)
Establishes limits on coliform bacteria in water
distribution systems. Although coliform bacteria,
which are found in decaying organic material and in
the intestinal tract of humans and animals, are
usually not harmful to human health, their presence
may indicate the presence of other, more dangerous
microbial contamination.
SDWIS/FED
EPA's database for collecting safe drinking water
monitoring results from oversight agencies. SDWIS
stands for Safe Drinking Water Information System.
Public Water Systems are required to report all
monitoring results to the primary enforcement
authority. States with primacy, or EPA where it
administers the program, analyze the monitoring
results, determine compliance, and report violations
to EPA on a quarterly basis. EPA maintains records
of these violations in SDWIS/FED. SDWIS/FED
records only violations, not results that demonstrate
compliance with drinking water standards.
Total Trihalomethanes
These chemicals can be by-products of chemical
processes used to disinfect drinking water.
Transient Non-community Water System
A non-community water system that regularly serves
at least 25 people (but not the same 25) over six
months per year. Atypical example is a campground
or a highway rest stop that has its own water source,
such as a drinking water well.
Treatment Technique
In cases where EPA has determined it is not
technically or economically feasible to establish an
MCL, the Agency can instead specify a treatment
technique. These are treatment methods required by
EPA to minimize the level of a contaminant in
drinking water.
Variances and Exemptions
A public water system that cannot comply with a
drinking water standard because of poor source
water quality, or, in the case of small systems,
inadequate financial resources, can be granted a
variance to comply with less stringent, but still
protective standards based on a specific EPA-
approved technology available to the system. An
exemption allows a PWS with compelling
circumstances (including economic considerations)
additional time to achieve compliance with applicable
SDWA requirements, so long as public health is
adequately protected.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix A
Page A-3 • December 2006
-------
TABLE A-1: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING VIOLATIONS FOR
ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS
Rule
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water
Treatment Rule
Lead and
Copper Rule
c Phase I, II, MB,
and V Rules
h -i- ^ i
Total
Trihalomethanes
m Radionuclides
Violation Type
Major routine
Major repeat
Major (filtered)
Major (unfiltered)
Initial lead and
copper tap
Follow-up or
routine lead and
copper tap
Regular
monitoring
Regular
monitoring
Regular
monitoring
Description
No samples collected during a
compliance period
No follow-up samples collected
after a positive total coliform
sample or no speciation
Collected less than 90% of
samples required during a
compliance period
Collected less than 90% of
samples required during a
compliance period
Either failed to collect the initial
tap samples, and then failed to
correct that omission within a) 3
months for large systems, b) 6
months for medium systems, or
c) 12 months for small systems;
or failed to submit the
associated report
Failed to collect 1 or more
required samples
Failed to collect any required
samples2
Failed to collect any required
samples
Failed to collect any required
samples
SDWIS
Violation Code1
23
25
36
31
51
52
03
03
03
SDWIS
Contaminant Code
3100
3100
None
None
By contaminant
2950
4000,4100,4010
1 EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/FED) makes no distinction between the sampling violations and the reporting
violations associated with a sample collection requirement. Both violations are reported under the same violation code.
Failure to collect "any required sample" means none of the required samples were collected.
December 2006 • Page A-4
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix A
-------
TABLE A-2: SUMMARY OF DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS FOR
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS DURING 2004
Applicability of Regulations
Contaminant/Rule
Organic Contaminants
Total Trihalomethanes
Contaminants (TTHM)
Inorganic Contaminants
Nitrate and Nitrite
Contaminants
Radionuclides
Contaminants
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Lead and Copper Rule
Interim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule
Stage 1
Disinfectant/Disinfection
By-Product Rule
Filter Backwash Recycling
Rule
Public Notification
Consumer Confidence Rule
Community Water Systems
All
All
All
All
All
All
Some
Only PWS using surface
water or groundwater under
the direct influence of surface
water (GWUDI)
All
For sanitary surveys all PWS
using surface water or
GWUDI; for other
requirements those systems
serving 10,000 or more
people
All
Conventional or direct
filtration PWS using surface
water or GWUDI and recycle
spent filter backwash,
thickener supernatant, or
liquids from dewatering
processes
All
All
Non-Transient Non-
Community Water Systems
Only treatment techniques for
acrylamide and
epichlorohydrin
PWS adding disinfectant
during the treatment process
All except arsenic and
fluoride
All
None
All
Some
Only PWS using surface
water or GWUDI
None
For sanitary surveys all PWS
using surface water or
GWUDI; for other
requirements those systems
serving 10,000 or more
people
PWS adding disinfectant
during the treatment process
Conventional or direct
filtration PWS using surface
water or GWUDI and recycle
spent filter backwash,
thickener supernatant, or
liquids from dewatering
processes
All
None
Transient Non-Community
Water Systems
All
PWS using chlorine dioxide
None
All
None
All
Some
Only PWS using surface
water or GWUDI
All
For sanitary surveys all PWS
using surface water or
GWUDI; for other
requirements those systems
serving 10,000 or more
people
PWS using chlorine dioxide
Conventional or direct
filtration PWS using surface
water or GWUDI and recycle
spent filter backwash,
thickener supernatant, or
liquids from dewatering
processes
All
None
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix A
Page A-5 • December 2006
-------
Appendix B
Summaries of State Annual
Compliance Reports
-------
CONTENTS
Alabama B-7
Alaska B-8
American Samoa B-9
Arizona B-10
Arka nsas B-11
California B-12
Colorado B-13
Connecticut B-14
Delaware B-15
District of Columbia B-16
Florida B-17
Georgia B-18
Guam B-19
Hawaii B-20
Idaho B-21
Illinois B-22
Indiana B-23
Iowa B-24
Kansas B-25
Kentucky B-26
Louisiana B-27
Maine B-28
Maryland B-29
Massachusetts B-30
Michigan B-31
Minnesota B-32
Mississippi B-33
Missouri B-34
Montana B-35
Nebraska B-36
Nevada B-37
New Hampshire B-38
New Jersey B-39
New Mexico B-40
New York B-41
North Carolina B-42
North Dakota B-43
Northern Mariana Islands B-44
Ohio B-45
Oklahoma B-46
Oregon B-47
Pennsylvania B-48
Puerto Rico B-49
Rhode Island B-50
South Carolina B-51
South Dakota B-52
Tennessee B-53
Texas B-54
Utah B-55
Vermont B-56
Virgin Islands B-57
Virginia B-58
Washington B-59
West Virginia B-60
Wisconsin B-61
Wyoming B-62
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-1 December 2006
-------
This Appendix presents a summary of each state
report in a standardized format. The format includes
an overall summary of the violations data specified in
Section 1414 of the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA) Amendments (i.e., violations with respect to
maximum contaminant levels (MCLs), treatment
technique violations, significant monitoring and
reporting requirements, significant notification
violations, and variances and exemptions).
This Appendix summarizes the data reported by
the States, but does not interpret it. Therefore,
other factors must be taken into account before
drawing conclusions about a State program. For
example, public water systems are required to
report all violations to the State, but State drinking
water programs vary in the regulations they
choose to emphasize. A State that decided to
focus attention and resources on one particular
rule may have discovered and reported many
more violations of that rule than a State that chose
to focus on a different rule. A disproportionate
number of violations in a State could also indicate
that the State needs to work with its public water
systems to improve their compliance. Readers are
cautioned to view the violations data provided in
the State summaries within the context of each
State and its individual drinking water program.
In 2004, EPA received State Public Water System
Compliance Reports from 43 of the 57 primacy
states, Commonwealths, Territories, and tribes. As in
past years, American Samoa, Guam, and the
Northern Mariana Islands did not submit reports, and,
with limited exceptions, did not supply information to
SDWIS/FED. EPA did not receive a report from
Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Utah, the
Virgin Islands, and the Navajo Nation. Appendix B
supplies what information is available in SDWIS/FED
to indicate violations at public water systems in the
Pacific territories. Because the District of Columbia,
Wyoming, and most Indian Tribes did not have
primary enforcement responsibility for drinking water
in calendar year 2004, EPA prepared reports for
those jurisdictions.
Violations for 2004
EPA summarizes the number of MCL/MDRL,
treatment technique, and significant monitoring and
reporting violations1 reported by each state in six
categories:
• Violations of chemical contaminant
requirements2
• Violations of the Total Coliform Rule
• Violations of the Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Long Term Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
• Violations of the Lead and Copper Rule
• Significant Notification or Consumer
Confidence Rule Violation
• Violations of the Disinfection/Disinfectant
Byproducts Rule
EPA summarizes the numbers of individual public
water systems in violation in each of these five
categories, as reported by the state. If a state's report
did not include information in a category, EPA's
summary notes the omission.
2004 Totals
EPA also summarizes the total number of systems in
each state, the total number of significant violations
reported, and the total number of PWSs in violation, if
the state reported this information. When states did
not provide information on the total number of public
water systems, EPA supplied that information from
the SDWIS/FED.
Systems in Violation
Systems in Violation is defined as the number of
different systems with a reported violation of this
type. Some states counted a system with multiple
violations or violations in more than one category as
one violating system. Other states counted a violating
A comprehensive definition of significant monitoring and reporting violations including exceptions to the definition for the Total Coliform Rule
and Lead and Copper Rule appears in Appendix A.
MCL and significant monitoring violations for organic, inorganic, total trihalomethane (TTHM), nitrate and nitrite, and radionuclide
contaminants.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-3 December 2006
-------
system each time it had a violation, or once for each Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual Public
of the regulatory categories in which it had a Water Svstems Report
violation. If EPA's review of a state's report indicated
some violating systems were counted more than
once, an asterisk notes that the state's number lf a state s reP°rt mcludes '"formation on how to
possibly overcounts violating systems obtam a C°PV of the reP°rt
-------
Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported by States
State
Alabama
Alaska
American
Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of
Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New
Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
Submitted
Report
Reported on Violation
Categories
CCR
MCL
M/R
TT
Reported
onV/E
Provided
Inventory
Information
Identified
Size and
Type of
Violating
Systems
Discussed
Compliance
and
Enforcement
Responses
Identified
Each
System
with MCL
and TT
Violations
Provided
Information
to Public
on
Availability
Provided
Additional
Information 1
Did not submit report.
Did not submit report.
Did not submit report.
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
Did not submit report.
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1 . An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-5 • December 2006
-------
Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported by States
State
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern
Mariana
Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Submitted
Report
X
X
X
Reported on Violation
Categories
CCR
X
X
MCL
X
X
X
M/R
X
X
X
TT
X
X
X
Reported
on V/E
X
X
X
Provided
Inventory
Information
X
X
X
Identified
Size and
Type of
Violating
Systems
Discussed
Compliance
and
Enforcement
Responses
X
Identified
Each
System
with MCL
and TT
Violations
X
X
Provided
Information
to Public
on
Availability
X
X
X
Provided
Additional
Information 1
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Did not submit report.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
December 2006 • Page B-6
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Alabama 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
4
26
12
Systems in
Violation
2
26
4
Treatment Technique
Violations
o
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
o
1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
348
39
o
28
16
2
Systems in
Violation
22
24
o
23
16
1
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
646
NR
476
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Alabama did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-7 • December 2006
-------
State of Alaska 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
5
52
60
Systems in
Violation
5
42
12
Treatment Technique
Violations
169
3
NR
Systems in
Violation
67
3
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,043
834
86
239
320
427
Systems in
Violation
205
494
18
178
216
86
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,621
NR
5,238
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Alaska did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
December 2006 • Page B-8
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of American Samoa 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2003
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
19
0
Systems in
Violation
0
8
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
14
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
14
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
22
NR
33
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
American Samoa did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-9 • December 2006
-------
State of Arizona 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
58
77
0
Systems in
Violation
41
61
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
15
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
14
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
96
817
1
1,459
0
0
Systems in
Violation
74
450
1
545
0
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,599
NR
2,523
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Arizona did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
December 2006 • Page B-10
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Arkansas 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
16
117
31
Systems in
Violation
6*
100
21
Treatment Technique
Violations
127
8
22
Systems in
Violation
23
8
12*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
249
48
9
0
20
Systems in
Violation
0
156
25
9
0
16
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,132
294
647
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Arkansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Arkansas Department of Health
Shared Services
4815 West Markham Street
Little Rock, AR 72205-2032
Web Site: http://www.healthyarkansas.com/eng/viol.htm
Attention: David Quattlebaum, Compliance/Enforcement Officer
Telephone: (501) 661-2623
Fax: (501) 661-2032
Email: dquattlebaum@healthyarkansas.com
Arkansas' State Report is also available at all local health units in Arkansas.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-11 • December 2006
-------
State of California 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
97
563
13
Systems in
Violation
NR*
452**
9
Treatment Technique
Violations
38
NR
5
Systems in
Violation
27
NR
5
Significant Monitoring
Violations
204
799
15
NR
168
74
Systems in
Violation
112*
582
11
NR
168
54
* State combines the number of systems in violation for both MCL and monitoring violations.
** Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,642t
NR
1,976
t State did not submit the information, so the information was generated from SDWIS/FED.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
California's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Health Services
Web site: http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/ddwem/publications/pubindex.htm
Telephone: (916) 449-5577
December 2006 • Page B-12
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Colorado 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
7
47
5
Systems in
Violation
7
41
3
Treatment Technique
Violations
60
12
4
Systems in
Violation
37**
3
4
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,500
395
18
76
58
NR
Systems in
Violation
360*
263
14
59
56
NR
*Monitoring violations for SOC's are not included in these counts. 94 systems failed to monitor for one or more synthetic
organic chemicals, however, final determination of the numbers of violations for each contaminant have not been made as of
the date of this report.
** Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,926
NR
4,182
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Colorado's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
Water Quality Control Division
Attention: Annual Compliance Report
CADM-B2
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
Denver, CO 80246
Lori Gerzina
WQCD Compliance Assurance & Data Management Unit
Telephone: (303) 692-3587
Email: lori.gerzina@state.co.us
Web Site: http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/Drinking_Water/Drinking_Water_Program_Home.htm
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-13 • December 2006
-------
State of Connecticut 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
49
357
NR
Systems in
Violation
31*
239
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
NR
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
8,737
1,472
NR
75
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
498**
833
NR
71
NR
NR
* The state report gives different counts in the text of the report and in attached tables.
The count from the text of the report is shown here.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,956
1,466**
10,691
**Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Connecticut's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Drinking Water Section offices
Department of Public Health
450 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06106-1365
Web Site: http://www.dph.state.ct.us/BRS/Water/DWD.htm
Telephone: (860) 509-7333
December 2006 • Page B-14
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Delaware 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
12
60
NR
Systems in
Violation
11*
49*
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
8
18
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
8
13
NR
* The state report gives different counts in several tables in the report. Counts from the summary table are shown here.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
528
60
99
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Delaware's State Report is available by contacting:
Office of Drinking Water
Division of Public Health
Blue Hen Corporate Center
655 Bay Road, Suite 203
Dover, DE 19901
Telephone: (302) 741-8630
Fax: (302) 741-8631
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-15 • December 2006
-------
District of Columbia 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
1
0
Systems in
Violation
0
1
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
1
1
Systems in
Violation
1
1
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6
2
4
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
District of Columbia's State Report is available by contacting:
Karen D. Johnson, Chief
Safe Drinking Water Act Branch (3WP32)
U.S. EPA Region III
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029
Phone: (215)814-5445
Fax: (215)814-2302
E-mail: johnson.karend@epa.gov
Website: http://www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/drinkingwater/links.htm
December 2006 • Page B-16
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Florida 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
9
247
0
Systems in
Violation
8
225
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
21
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
21
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,976
685
0
102
220
0
Systems in
Violation
297
534
0
92
193
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,231
NR
1,275
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Florida did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-17 • December 2006
-------
State of Georgia 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
1
93
1
Systems in
Violation
1
77
1
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
8
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
8
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
44
490
0
1,238
660
1
Systems in
Violation
42
319
0
850
612
1
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,483
NR
2,536
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Georgia did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
December 2006 • Page B-18
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
Guam 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
2
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
2
0
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
12
NR
2
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Guam did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-19 • December 2006
-------
State of Hawaii 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
1
8
Systems in
Violation
0
1
3
Treatment Technique
Violations
24
0
0
Systems in
Violation
2
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
30
4
0
0
0
4
Systems in
Violation
30
3
0
0
0
1
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
131
35
71
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Hawaii's State Report is available by contacting:
Hawaii Department of Health
Safe Drinking Water Branch
Environmental Management Division
919 Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 308
Honolulu, HI 96814-4920
Attention: William Wong, P.E., Chief
Telephone: (808) 586-4258
Fax: (808) 586-4351
E-mail: bwong@eha.health.state.hi.us
December 2006 • Page B-20
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Idaho 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
16
171
NR
Systems in
Violation
12
134
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
15
9
NR
Systems in
Violation
9
9
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,464
349
30
50
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
272
292
6
40
NR
NR
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,020
638
2,104
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Idaho's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Idaho Department of Environmental Quality's six regional offices or the state's seven district health departments
Web Site: http://www.deq.state.id.us/water/data_reports/drinking_water/acr_04.pdfs
DEQ Regional Offices and District Health Departments
North Idaho
Coeur d'Alene Regional Office
2110 Ironwood Parkwav
Coeur d'Alene, ID 83814
(208) 769-1422
Health District 1
Panhandle Health District Dent.
322 Marion
Sandooint. ID 83864
(208) 265-6384
North Central Idaho
Lewiston Regional Office
1118 F Street
Lewiston. ID 83501
(208) 799-4370
Health District 2
North Central District Health Dent.
215 10th Street
Lewiston. ID 83501
(208) 799-3100
Southwest Idaho
Boise Regional Office
1445 North Orchard
Boise, ID 83706-2239
(208) 373-0550
Health District 3
Southwest District Health Dent.
920 Main Street
Caldwell. ID 83605
(208) 455-5403
Health District 4
Central District Health Dent.
707 North Armstrong Place
Boise. ID 83704
(208) 327-8522
South Central Idaho
Twin Falls Regional Office
601 Pole Line Road. Suite 2
Twin Falls, ID 83301
(208) 736-2190
Health District 5
South Central District Health Dent.
1020 Washington Street North
Twin Falls. ID 83301
(208) 734-5900. Ext. 213
Southeast Idaho
Pocatello Regional Office
444 Hosoital Wav. #300
Pocatello. ID 83201
(208) 236-6160
Health District 6
Southeastern District Health Dent.
1901 Alvin Ricken Drive
Pocatello. ID 83201-2727
(208) 233-9080. Ext. 320
Eastern Idaho
Idaho Falls Regional Office
900 N. Skvline. Suite B
Idaho Falls, ID 83402
(208) 528-2650
Health District 7
District Seven Health Dent.
254 "E" Street
Idaho Falls. ID 83402
(208) 523-5382
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
PageB-21 • December 2006
-------
State of Illinois 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
543
166
34
Systems in
Violation
116*
148
18
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
49
12
Systems in
Violation
0
49
11
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,007
174
12
25
115
216
Systems in
Violation
117*
117
6
18
92
108
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,880
574
2,354**
**The total number of violations in the report summary tables (2,354) differs from the total number of violations calculated from
the report's subtotal tables (2,353).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Illinois' State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Illinois EPA
Bureau of Water, Compliance Assurance Section
1021 North Grand Ave
PO Box 19276
Springfield, IL 62794
Contact: Mike Crumly
Telephone: (217) 785-0561
Fax: (217)557-1407
Web Site: http://www.epa.state.il.us/water/compliance/drinking-water/compliance-report/index.html
December 2006 • Page B-22
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Indiana 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
43
441
1
Systems in
Violation
34*
392
1
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
19
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
18
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,576
2,032
1
77
71
99
Systems in
Violation
50*
1,320
1
42
53
53
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,394
1,669
4,361
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Indiana's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Indiana Department of Environmental Management
Office of Water Management
Drinking Water Branch
Web Site: http://www.in.us/idem/owm/dwb/compliance.html
Telephone: (317)308-3280
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-23 • December 2006
-------
State of Iowa 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
94
224
0
Systems in
Violation
50
136
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
4
35
0
Systems in
Violation
2
28
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
363
405
1
41
21
52
Systems in
Violation
153
232
1
19
21
48
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,060
605*
1,254**
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** The total violations indicated in the report (1,254) differs from the calculated total (1,240).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Iowa's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Iowa Department of Natural Resources - Water Supply
401 SW 7th St., Suite M
Des Moines, IA 50309-4611
Web Site: http://www.iowadnr.com/water/drinking/files/report04.pdf
Telephone: (515) 725-0348
December 2006 • Page B-24
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Kansas 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
44*
35
165
Systems in
Violation
44*|
34
92
Treatment Technique
Violations
10
1
22
Systems in
Violation
6
1
19
Significant Monitoring
Violations
149
52*
11
4
76
4
Systems in
Violation
15*
40*
5
4
76
4
* The state report presents different counts in the summary and in data tables. Counts from the summary are shown here.
t Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,060
195
573
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Kansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Kansas Department of Health and Environment
Bureau of Water
1000 SW Jackson, Suite 420
Topeka, KS 66612-1367
Web Site: http://www.kdhe.state.ks.us/pws/
Attention: Patti J. Croy
Telephone: (785) 296-3016
Fax: (785) 296-5509
E-mail: pcroy@kdhe.state.ks.us
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-25 • December 2006
-------
State of Kentucky 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
23
15
129
Systems in
Violation
13
12
58
Treatment Technique
Violations
3
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
3*
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
871
62
18
116
73
152
Systems in
Violation
154
23
4
95
55
72
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
526
NR
1,462
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Kentucky did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
December 2006 • Page B-26
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Louisiana 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
172
98*
Systems in
Violation
0
134
61**
Treatment Technique
Violations
24
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
17
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
47
3
54
180*
62
Systems in
Violation
0
36
2
54
180*
50*
* The state report presents different counts in the summary and in data tables. Counts from the summary are shown here.
** Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
-1,600
400
656t
t Total violations indicated in the report (656) is different than the calculated total (640).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Louisiana's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site.
The web site address was not provided in the report.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-27 • December 2006
-------
State of Maine 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
3
225**
48
Systems in
Violation
3*
264**
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
2
63
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
56
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
581
1,040
0
73
27
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
506
0
51
21
NR
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
** Reported number of violations is less than reported number of systems in violation.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,205
NR
2,062
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Maine's State Report is available by contacting:
Maine Drinking Water Program
Attention: David E. Robbins, Compliance Section Manager
Telephone: (207) 287-8403
Fax: (207)287-4172
December 2006 • Page B-28
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Maryland 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
18
316
4
Systems in
Violation
18*
294*
3
Treatment Technique
Violations
5
7
NR
Systems in
Violation
5
7
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
81
144
0
103
4
8
Systems in
Violation
76*
75
0
100*
4
8
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,692
NR
690
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Maryland's State Report did not provide information on where to obtain the report.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-29 • December 2006
-------
State of Massachusetts 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
5
142
6
Systems in
Violation
4
96
4
Treatment Technique
Violations
2
15
NR
Systems in
Violation
2
14
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
49
0
60
22
0
Systems in
Violation
0
39
0
50
20
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,711
NR
301
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Massachusetts did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
December 2006 • Page B-30
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Michigan 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
17
415
7
Systems in
Violation
15
379
6
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
7,947
1,490
0
175
10
16
Systems in
Violation
944
1,204
0
163
10
12
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
11,873
2,064**
10,078*
*The total number of violations in the report (10,078) differs from the calculated total (10,077) because public notification
violations are included in the report total.
**lncludes systems with public notification violations.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Michigan's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Mr. Dan Dettweiler
Telephone: (517) 241-1373
E-mail: dettweid@michigan.gov
Ms. Kris Philip
Telephone: (517) 241-1238
E-mail: philipk@michigan.gov
Web Site: http://www.michigan.gov/deq/0,1607,7-135-3313_3675_3691—,00.html
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-31 • December 2006
-------
State of Minnesota 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
23
196
NR
Systems in
Violation
16
194
2
Treatment Technique
Violations
10
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
10
1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2
79
5
38
19
NR
Systems in
Violation
2
66
3
35
15
NR
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,637
326
373
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Minnesota's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:
Web Site: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/water/com/dwar/report04.html
December 2006 • Page B-32
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Mississippi 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
61
0
Systems in
Violation
0
55
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
73
0
26
667
0
Systems in
Violation
0
54
0
23
432
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,371
NR
827
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Mississippi did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-33 • December 2006
-------
State of Missouri 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
39
526
38
Systems in
Violation
24*
336
38
Treatment Technique
Violations
14
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
13
1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
99
846
0
171
623
0
Systems in
Violation
99*
460
0
169
328
0
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,700
NR
2,357
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Missouri's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Public Drinking Branch
Water Protection Program
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, MO 65102
Web Site: http://www.dnr.state.mo.us/wpscd/wpcp/dw-index.htm
Telephone: (800) 361-4827 or (573) 751-5331
December 2006 • Page B-34
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Montana 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
24
178
0
Systems in
Violation
16
149
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
22
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
8
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,373
947
22
712
53
439
Systems in
Violation
544
433
12
299
33
96
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,063
NR
3,770
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Montana's State Report is available by contacting:
Montana Department of Environmental Quality
P.O. Box 200901
Helena, MT 59620-0901
Telephone: (406) 444-4071
John Camden, Section Supervisor
Public Water Supply Section
Jon Dilliard, Bureau Chief
Public Water & Subdivisions Bureau
Permitting & Compliance Division
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-35 • December 2006
-------
State of Nebraska 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
171
230
1
Systems in
Violation
88*
182*
1
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
9
160
0
0
NR
2
Systems in
Violation
9
145
0
0
NR
2
Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,350
NR
574
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Nebraska's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services Regulation and Licensure
301 Centennial Mall South
PO Box 95007
Lincoln, NE 68509
Attention: Jo Ann Wagner
Web Site: http://www.hhs.state.ne.us/enh/pwsindex.htm
Telephone: (402) 471-2541
Fax: (402) 471-6436
E-mail: joann.wagner@hhss.ne.gov
Nebraska's State Report is also available through the Nebraska Library Commission.
December 2006 • Page B-36
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Nevada 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
4*
205*
220*
Systems in
Violation
3*
132*
31*
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
39*
*
Systems in
Violation
0
34*
*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
974
*
0
*
70
*
Systems in
Violation
71
*
0
*
70
*
* The report indicates violations by rule but does not always break them down by MCL/TT and monitoring violations.
Violations are shown under the appropriate rule but may include both categories.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
606
270
1,627**
** The total violations indicated in the report (1,627) differs from the calculated total (1,512).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Nevada publishes its ACR and distributes it to the county libraries in the State.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-37 • December 2006
-------
State of New Hampshire 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
90
238
16
Systems in
Violation
30
183
16
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
11
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
9
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
212
197
1
20
21
33
Systems in
Violation
45
163
1
19
21
14
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,378
NR
839
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Hampshire's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
Water Division, Water Supply Engineering Bureau
29 Hazen Drive
P.O. Box 95
Concord, NH 03301
Web Site: http://www.des.state.nh.us/wseb
Attention: Laurie Cullerot
Telephone: (603) 271-2954
E-mail: lcullerot@des.state.nh.us
December 2006 • PageB-38
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of New Jersey 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
281
166
NR
Systems in
Violation
125
105
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
16,538
743
NR
47
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
798
441
NR
42
1
NR
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,095*
NR
17,776
*The state did not report the total number of regulated systems. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Jersey's State Report did not provide information on where to obtain the report.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-39 • December 2006
-------
State of New Mexico 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
37
125
0
Systems in
Violation
21*
96
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
23
0
0
Systems in
Violation
7*
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
202
3
56
737
14
Systems in
Violation
NR
126
1
52
394
7
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,330
466
1,197
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Mexico's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Darren Padilla
Drinking Water Bureau
New Mexico Environment Department
525 Camino de los Marquez
Santa Fe, NM 87505
Telephone: (505) 476-8631
Telephone (toll-free): (877) 654-8720
Web Site: http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/dwb/dwbtop.html
December 2006 • Page B-40
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of New York 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category*
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
"State submitted the information without a breakdown by rule.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9,962
2,941
6,141
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New York's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:
Web Site: http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/water/violations/2004/2004_compliance_report.htm
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-41 • December 2006
-------
State of North Carolina 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
120
487
81
Systems in
Violation
79*
393
63
Treatment Technique
Violations
18
26
0
Systems in
Violation
5
26
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
9,938
3,573
11
210
5,821
1,398
Systems in
Violation
1,446*
1,907
2
189
2,909
515
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,087
4,105
13,819**
** The total violations indicated in the report (13,819) differs from the calculated total (21,683).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
North Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline
Telephone: (800) 426-4791
North Carolina Public Water Supply Section
Telephone: (919) 715-3243
E-mail: Martha.Fillinger@ncmail.net
Web Site: http://www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/pws
December 2006 • Page B-42
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of North Dakota 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
6
35
15
Systems in
Violation
3
31
10
Treatment Technique
Violations
4
0
2
Systems in
Violation
1
0
2
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2
68
0
2
0
53
Systems in
Violation
2
52
0
2
0
42
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
525
119
260*
* Includes 73 violations of the Public Notification Rule.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
North Dakota's State Report is available by contacting:
North Dakota Department of Health
Division of Municipal Facilities
P.O. Box 5520
1200 Missouri Avenue
Bismarck, ND 58506-5520
Attention: LeeAnn Tillotson
Telephone: (701) 328-5293
Fax: (701) 328-5200
E-mail: ltillots@state.nd.us
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-43 • December 2006
-------
Northern Mariana Islands 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
109
70
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
109
70
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
128
NR
179
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Northern Mariana Islands did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
December 2006 • Page B-44
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Ohio 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
87*
703
68
Systems in
Violation
51*
477
42**
Treatment Technique
Violations
156
1
13
Systems in
Violation
28**
1
3
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,027*
1,562
7
92
128
147
Systems in
Violation
598*
1,031
4*
89
119
135**
* Also includes Disinfection Byproducts Rule violations, which are set out separately below.
**Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,483
1,708
5,793***
*** The total violations indicated in the report (5,793) differs from the calculated total (5,776).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Ohio's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
PWS Annual Compliance Report
Ohio EPA — DDAGW
P.O. Box 1049
Columbus, OH 43216-1049
Web Site: http://www.epa.state.oh.us/ddagw/annualreports.html
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-45 • December 2006
-------
State of Oklahoma 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
48
133
255
Systems in
Violation
22
104
141
Treatment Technique
Violations
26
0
92
Systems in
Violation
16*
0
58
Significant Monitoring
Violations
217
759
53
30
0
4
Systems in
Violation
85*
371
14
30
0
1
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,629
852
1,617
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Oklahoma's State report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division, 8th Floor
707 N. Robinson
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677
Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division
P.O. Box 1677
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677
Web Site: http://www.deq.state.ok.us/WQDnew/pws/index.html
December 2006 • Page B-46
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Oregon 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
15
209
2
Systems in
Violation
14
146
2
Treatment Technique
Violations
28
43
0
Systems in
Violation
18
42
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
15,784
1,194
92
83
640
0
Systems in
Violation
733
722
49
66
283
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,699
1,396
18,095*
* The total violations indicated in the report (18,095) differs from the calculated total (18,090).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Oregon's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:
Web Site: http://www.dhs.state.or.us/publichealth/dwp/
Oregon's State report will also be published in the newsletter "The Pipeline."
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-47 • December 2006
-------
State of Pennsylvania 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
113
366
48
Systems in
Violation
64
278
24
Treatment Technique
Violations
104
25
NR
Systems in
Violation
28
25
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
6,061
2,125
939
72
1,086
4,548
Systems in
Violation
798
1,465
182
64
770
1,136
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9,884
3,192
15,490*
* Includes 3 violations of the Public Notification Rule.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Pennsylvania's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Water Standards and Facility Regulation
P.O. Box 8467, llth Floor RCSOB
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8467
Telephone: (717) 787-5017
Web Site: http://www.dep.state.pa.us
Keyword: drinking water
December 2006 • Page B-48
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
Puerto Rico 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
7
369
20
Systems in
Violation
5*
151
8
Treatment Technique
Violations
409
Systems in
Violation
83
1 1
NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2,680
2,195
1,385
10
NR
143
Systems in
Violation
168*
261
134
9
NR
77
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
509
NR
7,219
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Puerto Rico's Report is available by contacting:
Department of Health
Public Water Supply Supervision Program
Ponce de Leon Avenue, #431 Nacional Plaza
9th Floor, Suite 903
Hato Rey, Puerto Rico 00917
Website: http://www.salud.gov.pr
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-49 • December 2006
-------
State of Rhode Island 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
40
2
Systems in
Violation
0
32
2
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
4
Systems in
Violation
0
0
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
13
0
3
34
1
Systems in
Violation
0
12
0
3
34
1
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
482
69
96*
* The total violations indicated in the report (96) differs from the calculated total (97).
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Rhode Island's State report is available by accessing the state's web site.
Web Site: http://www.healthri.org/environment/dwq/index.php
The report was also distributed to Rhode Island's public water systems, legislature, and Rhode Island's public libraries.
December 2006 • Page B-50
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of South Carolina 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
65
58
10
Systems in
Violation
23*
46
9*
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
5
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
5
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
24
127
21
38
22
0
Systems in
Violation
24
80
14
38
22
0
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,466
203
371
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
South Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
SCO NEC's Bureau of Water
2600 Bull Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Attention: Bruce Bleau
Web Site: http://www.scdhec.gov/water
Telephone: (803) 898-4154
Fax: (803) 898-3795
E-mail: bleaubp@dhec.sc.gov
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
PageB-51 • December 2006
-------
State of South Dakota 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
25
34
0
Systems in
Violation
13
28
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
463
85
0
11
56
0
Systems in
Violation
27
60
0
11
54
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
674
NR
675
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
South Dakota's State Report does not provide information on where to obtain the report.
December 2006 • Page B-52
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Tennessee 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
1
37
16
Systems in
Violation
1
33
9
Treatment Technique
Violations
29
0
0
Systems in
Violation
20*
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
288
153
37
3
4
111
Systems in
Violation
22*
105
10*
3
4
56
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,129
214
680**
** Includes 1 violation of the Public Notification Rule.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Tennessee's State Report is available by accessing the Department's web site or by viewing it in most public libraries and these
locations across the state:
Division of Water Sunnlv - Central Office
401 Church Street
6th Floor. I &C Tower
Nashville. TN 37?43-1 549
615-53?-0191
Regional Fnvironmental Field Offices (FFO) - Division of Water Sunnlv
1-888-891-833?
Chattanooga FFO
Division of Water Sunnlv
Suite 550 - State Oiffce Rldg.
540 McCallie Avenue
Chattanooga. TN 3740?-?013
1-888-891-833?
Johnson Citv FFO
Division of Water Sunnlv
?305 Silverdale Rd.
Johnson Citv. TN 37601-?! 69
1-888-891-833?
Jackson FFO
Division of Water Sunnlv
36? Carriage House Dr.
Jackson. TN 38305-????
1-888-891-833?
Columbia FFO
Division of Water Sunnlv
?4S4 Park Plus Dr.
Columbia. TN 38401
1-888-891-833?
Knoxville FFO
Division of Water Sunnlv
Suite ??0 - State Pla7a
?700 Middlebrook Pike
Knoxville. TN 37?19
1-888-891-833?
Cookeville FFO
Division of Water Sunnlv
1?1 South Willow
Cookeville. TN 3850?
1-888-891-833?
Nashville FFO
Division of Water Sunnlv
71 1 R. S. Gass Blvd.
Nashville. TN 37?16
1-888-891-833?
Web Site: http://www.state.tn.us/environment/dws/Dwprogram.php#reports
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-53 • December 2006
-------
State of Texas 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
257
171
561
Systems in
Violation
121*
155
310*
Treatment Technique
Violations
58
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
30
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
92
774
49
16
169
0
Systems in
Violation
55
512
23
16
113
0
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,694
1,368
2,179**
** Includes 32 violations for failure to submit monitoring plan.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Texas' State Report is available by contacting:
Buck Henderson
Telephone: (513) 239-0990
December 2006 • Page B-54
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Utah 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
77
1
Systems in
Violation
0
62
1
Treatment Technique
Violations
8
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
5
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
194
0
232
44
129
Systems in
Violation
0
154
0
178
36
70
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
946
NR
685
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Utah did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-55 • December 2006
-------
State of Vermont 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
4
123
10
Systems in
Violation
4
100
7
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
193
106
0
29
39
27
Systems in
Violation
183*
82
0
29
39
11
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,365
NR
532
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Vermont's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation
Vermont Water Supply Division
103 South Main Street
Waterbury, VT 05671-0403
Telephone: (in state) (800) 823-6500
Telephone: (out of state) (802) 241-3400
Web Site: http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/waterl.htm
December 2006 • Page B-56
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
Virgin Islands 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
15
0
Systems in
Violation
0
15
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
62
0
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
45
0
0
0
0
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
352
NR
77
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Virgin Islands did not publish an Annual Report. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-57 • December 2006
-------
State of Virginia 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
152
380
43
Systems in
Violation
51
271
22
Treatment Technique
Violations
6
41
18
Systems in
Violation
6
39
18
Significant Monitoring
Violations
724
821
0
201
89
156
Systems in
Violation
86
506
0
172
57*
76
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,158
401*
675*
* Different counts are given in the text of the report and attached tables. Counts from the text of the report are shown here.
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting
Central Office of the Office of Drinking Water
Robert A. K. Payne, JD, Director of Regulatory Enforcement
Telephone: (804) 864-7498
Web Site: http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/dw/acr.asp
December 2006 • Page B-58
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Washington 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
168
522
NR
Systems in
Violation
62
371
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
32
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
22
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
489
840
16
436
555
NR
Systems in
Violation
418
548
5
411
361
NR
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,129
1,652
3,058
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Washington's State report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting
Department of Health
Office of Drinking Water
P.O. Box 47822
Olympia, WA 98504-7822
Telephone: (800) 521-0323
Web Site: http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/dw/enforcement/enflink2.htm
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
Page B-59 • December 2006
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State of West Virginia 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
1
12
30
Systems in
Violation
1
12
22
Treatment Technique
Violations
34
12
20
Systems in
Violation
20
10
14
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,716
668
159
211
219
408
Systems in
Violation
268
321
51
99
142
185
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,373
428
5,490
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
West Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline
1-800-426-4791
Web Site: http://www.wvdhhr.org/oehs/eed/reports.html
December 2006 • Page B-60
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
State of Wisconsin 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
68
469
NR
Systems in
Violation
62
393
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
6
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
6
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,650
782
0
81
31
NR
Systems in
Violation
452
702
0
72
30
NR
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
11,400
1,237
3,087
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Wisconsin's State report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Department of Natural Resources
Bureau of Drinking Water and Groundwater
Telephone: (608) 266-0821
Wesbite: http://dnr.wi.gov/water/dwg/
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
PageB-61 • December 2006
-------
State of Wyoming 2004 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2004
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule, and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
56
5
Systems in
Violation
0
49*
4
Treatment Technique
Violations
7
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
5
NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
61
113
2
12
0
41
Systems in
Violation
53
93
2
10
0
24
"Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
767
192
297
Where to Obtain the 2004 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Wyoming's State report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
EPA Region 8's Environmental Information Service Center
Telephone: (303) 312-6312 or (800) 227-8917
E-mail: r8eisc@epa.gov
Web Site: http://www.epa.gov/region8/water/dwhome/wycon/dwdrink.html
December 2006 • Page B-62
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix B
-------
Appendix C
Map of Indian Lands
-------
r
.
Indian Lands
2004 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report - Appendix C
PageC-1 • December 2006
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