Introduction to a
Chesapeake Bay-Focused
Environmental Management
System (EMS)
Version 2.0
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
Region 3
Chesapeake Bay Program
A Watershed Partnership
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Introduction to a Chesapeake Bay-Focused Environmental
Management System
Table of Contents Page
Introduction 1
What Is the Chesapeake Bay Program? 1
Training Objectives 2
Elements of an EMS (ISO 14001:2004) 3
Quick Reference Sheets
1. Scope of the EMS 4
2. Environmental Policy 4
3. Environmental Aspects 6
4. Legal and Other Requirements 8
5. Objectives, Targets and Programs 9
6. Resources, Roles, Responsibility and Authority 11
7. Competence, Training and Awareness 12
8. Communication 13
9. Documentation 15
10. Control of Documents 16
11. Operational Control 16
12. Emergency Preparedness and Response 18
13. Monitoring and Measurement 19
14. Evaluation of Compliance 20
15. Nonconformity, Corrective and Preventive Action 20
16. Control of Records 21
17. Internal Audit 22
18. Management Review 23
Appendices 25
Appendix 1 - Chesapeake 2000
Appendix 2 - Toxics 2000
Appendix 3 - Tributary Strategy
Appendix 4 - Environmental Policy Statement, Chesapeake Bay Program Office
Appendix 5 - Chesapeake Bay Program Chemicals of Concern
Appendix 6 - Worksheet for Determining Significant Aspects
Appendix 7 - Sample Chesapeake Bay Focused EMS Objectives and Targets
Appendix 8 - Example Goals from Toxics 2000 and Chesapeake 2000 to
Consider When Setting Objectives and Targets
Appendix 9 - Environmental Management Program Form
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Introduction to a Chesapeake Bay-Focused Environmental
Management System
Formal environmental management systems (EMS) emerged in the
early 1990s, offering organizations a systematic approach to
identification and management of the potential environmental
consequences of their operations. EMS provides an effective
framework for identifying and managing environmental
responsibilities, including those of greatest concern to the local
community. Implementing an EMS requires active participation of
senior leadership in a variety of strategies to integrate environmental
and key mission activities and continuously improve environmental
performance.
In April 2000, President Clinton signed Executive Order 13148, establishing EMS
implementation requirements for all federal facilities. President Bush and the current
administration have supported this position. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA), as the principal steward for the environment, has taken a leadership position by
providing training and encouragement to assist organizations in implementing effective
EMSs.
What is the Chesapeake Bay Program?
Chesapeake Bay is our country's largest and
most productive estuary, stretching more
than 200 miles from Havre de Grace, MD to
Norfolk, VA. Its 64,000 square mile
watershed is fed by 48 major rivers, 100
smaller rivers, and thousands of tiny streams
and creeks. The watershed covers all or
parts of six states: Maryland, Virginia,
Pennsylvania, New York, Delaware, West
Virginia and the District of Columbia. The
Chesapeake Bay watershed is an intricate
system of terrestrial and aquatic habitats.
The open water, underwater grasses, marshes, wetlands, streams and forests provide
food and shelter for 3,600 species of plants and animals and more than 15 million
people, with another 2.8 million expected by the year 2020.
Healthy water contains a balanced amount of nutrients, as well as sufficient oxygen and
sunlight to support living creatures. As development pressures increase, however, the
watershed receives an overabundance of the nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus. Local
rivers and streams now transport large quantities of sediment and pollution downstream
into Chesapeake Bay, reducing native underwater grasses, reef acreage and the
population of oysters. In addition, the watershed is losing thousands of acres of
wetlands and forest coverage.
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The Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) is a unique regional partnership whose mission is
the protection and restoration of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem for future generations.
The Chesapeake Bay Program partners include the states of Delaware, Maryland, New
York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia; the
Chesapeake Bay Commission, a tri-state legislative body; the Environmental Protection
Agency, representing the federal government; and participating citizen advisory groups.
In June 2000, the Bay Program partners adopted Chesapeake 2000, an agreement to
guide restoration activities throughout the Bay watershed through 2010. These
agreements state specific goals for Bay restoration and provide environmental
performance commitments that can be targeted through an organization's EMS.
Training Objectives
Consumers, governments and industry all are
seeking ways to reduce the environmental
impacts of their activities to ensure their long-term
sustainability. The primary objective of this
training course is to encourage development and
implementation of an EMS that incorporates local
environmental priorities. In particular, this course
outlines an EMS that focuses on protection of the
Chesapeake Bay.
Specifically, this training course will:
• Provide an overview of the elements of an EMS according to ISO 14001:2004, the
international consensus standard for EMS;
• Describe possible approaches to developing an EMS that reflects watershed
priorities; and
• Present tools and techniques EMS implementers may use to develop and
communicate EMS concepts and affect change within an organization.
The course is organized around the elements of the International Organization for
Standardization's (ISO) EMS Standard, ISO 14001:2004. For an overview of the
mission and procedures of the International Organization for Standardization and
information on how to purchase ISO standards, go to www.iso.org.
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Elements of an EMS (ISO 14001:2004)
An EMS is a set of interrelated elements used to establish and implement an
organization's environmental policy and manage those activities, products and/or
services that interact with the environment. ISO 14001:2004 specifies requirements for
implementing these elements to comprehensively manage environmental
responsibilities and deliver on the commitments made by top management in an
environmental policy statement. The expectation is that the elements are repeated as
an iterative process that will lead to continual improvement of environmental
management and environmental performance across the organization.
Figure 1 - ISO 14001 Continual Improvement Cycle
Management Review
Scope
Environmental Policy
Monitoring ancl Measurement
Evaluation of Compliance
Nonconformity Corrective
Action a ncl Prevents ve Action
Coitrol of Records
Internal Audit
• Environmental Aspects
• Legal and Other Requirements
• Objectives, Targets and
Programs
Resources, Roles, Responsibility and
Authority
Competence, Trailing and Awareness
Communication
Documentation
Coitrol of Documents
Operational Control
Emergency Preparedness and
Response
The pages that follow present more detail on the specific requirements of each of the
EMS elements, as well as possible approaches to customizing these elements to focus
on Chesapeake Bay restoration and sustainment goals.
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1. Scope of the EMS
[^j Requirements:
Define and document the scope of the environmental management system.
;o> Implementation:
Defining the scope of the EMS allows your organization to evaluate which facilities,
activities and services will participate in the EMS. Will the EMS be fence-line to fence-
line or will you implement incrementally? Which tenants, contractors and/or other
service provider activities will be included within the scope of the EMS?
Once you have determined the scope of your EMS, brief senior leadership to ensure
that they concur. Document the approved EMS scope in a hard copy or electronic
document. Ensure that the scope of the EMS is reviewed by senior leadership during
the annual Management Review.
i v Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Ensure that the scope of the EMS includes all activities, products and services that
have the potential to contribute pollutants to the Chesapeake Bay watershed and/or
diminish the quality of habitat for the living resources of the Bay (e.g., wetlands
alternations). Include all sources of air emissions, wastewater discharges, including
stormwater, and use of pesticides and the Chesapeake Bay Chemicals of Concern
(see Appendix 5).
2. Environmental Policy
C Requirements:
Ensure that top management (an individual or a group of individuals with executive
responsibility for the organization) defines the environmental policy for your
organization. The policy must be appropriate to the environmental impacts of your
activities, products or services and provide a framework for setting and reviewing
environmental objectives and targets. The policy must include commitments to:
• continual improvement,
• prevention of pollution, and
• compliance with applicable environmental legal and other requirements.
The policy must be communicated to all persons working for or on behalf of the
organization and must be available to the public.
The policy must be documented, implemented, and maintained.
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Implementation:
The environmental policy is the focal point for EMS implementation. It demonstrates
your organization's top-level commitment to environmental excellence. The policy
becomes a contract between top management and the entire organization. The EMS
implementation team is responsible for designing a system that fulfills the commitments
stated in the policy.
Work with senior leadership to develop an
environmental policy statement that is
appropriate to the mission and the
environmental footprint of your organization.
Review the environmental policy statement
carefully to ensure that it includes all of the
ISO 14001-required content, prior to issue.
Document the environmental policy in either
hard copy or electronic format and issue it
through your organization's appropriate
channels.
Communicate the environmental policy to staff, contractors, service providers, suppliers
and any others working on your behalf. Potential tools for communication include staff
meetings, annual training, new employee orientation, posting the environmental policy
on your internal website and on bulletin boards in shops, offices and break rooms, and
any other mechanisms that your organization uses to communicate new environmental
policies and procedures.
Work with your Public Affairs Office to ensure that the environmental policy is available
to the public. The policy may be posted on an external, public website, if top
management concurs.
Ensure that the environmental policy statement is reviewed by senior leadership during
the annual Management Review. Revisions to the policy must be communicated to all
appropriate personnel and made available to the public.
ife^ Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Establish Bay restoration goals as "other requirements to which the organization
subscribes" by including language in the environmental policy statement that links
your EMS to the executive-level goals of the Chesapeake Bay Program, e.g.,
Chesapeake 2000 and/or Toxics 2000 (See Appendix 1 and Appendix 2).
• Include a specific commitment to Chesapeake Bay restoration and sustainability.
• Commit to pollution prevention activities focused on Chesapeake Bay Chemicals of
Concern (See Appendix 5).
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Example:
See Appendix 4 for an example of an Environmental Policy Statement with a
Chesapeake Bay focus.
3. Environmental Aspects
C Requirements:
Establish a procedure to identify the environmental aspects of the activities, products
and services that you control or have influence over, within the defined scope of your
EMS. Take into account new developments and new or modified activities, products
and services.
Determine those aspects that have or can have significant impacts on the environment
and establish your EMS around these significant aspects.
Document and maintain this information.
lp_(v Implementation:
Environmental aspects form the "backbone" of the EMS. The significant aspects
identified by your organization shape the scope and focus of the EMS. It is the
significant aspects for which ISO 14001 requires the development of improvement goals
(i.e., objectives and targets) and management programs. Each organization sets its
own criteria for determining which environmental aspects are significant. This requires
an assessment of the scale of environmental impacts among all of the organization's
environmental aspects. Those aspects with the largest impacts should become the
significant aspects.
Identify all of your target activities, products and services. Establish a procedure for
determining the environmental aspects and impacts associated with each, and then use
the procedure to develop a list of environmental aspects and impacts associated with
the operations of your organization. A sample aspects and impacts analysis might look
like the following:
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Activity
Laboratory
Grounds Maintenance
Offices
Environmental Aspects
Hazardous waste
Solid waste
Air emissions
Waste water discharge
Stormwater
Air emissions/exhaust
Solid waste
Electricity consumption
Solid waste
Universal waste
Environmental Impacts
Degradation of land
Air quality degradation
Surface water degradation
Surface water degradation
Air quality degradation
Degradation of land
Resource depletion
Degradation of land
Air quality degradation
Surface water degradation
Each organization assesses the risk associated with its environmental impacts using
appropriate criteria for determining which environmental aspects are significant. Those
aspects whose impacts rank the highest will become your significant aspects. Senior
leadership should assist in determining the criteria you will use to determine which
aspects are significant. Potential significance criteria might include:
Potential Significance Criteria
Risk to the environment
Risk to Chesapeake Bay
Regulatory status
Mission impact
Community concerns
Assign values and apply the criteria to each aspect within the scope of your EMS.
Select the top one or two as your organization's initial significant aspects. Present the
results of your significance determination to senior leadership and ask for their
concurrence.
< "v Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Establish significance criteria that reflect risks to Chesapeake Bay. Risks might
include potential discharge of chemicals of concern, sediment runoff, habitat loss,
point source discharges etc.
• Ensure that procedures for reviewing the environmental impacts of new projects are
effective. Add criteria that focus pre-project planning on environmental aspects and
impacts that most affect the Chesapeake Bay. Minimize impacts by reviewing
alternatives early in the planning process.
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Examples:
See Appendix 6, the Worksheet for Determining Significant Aspects. Many federal
organizations have developed Agency-specific guidance on the development and
application of criteria to identify significant aspects. You also may wish to consult
references such as the Joint Services P2 Technical Library's EMS Library
(http://p2l ibrary. nfesc. navy, m il/ems/index. htm I).
4. Legal and Other Requirements
C Requirements:
Establish and maintain a procedure to identify and access applicable legal and other
requirements and determine how these requirements apply to your organization's
environmental aspects. The term "other requirements" refers to any non-regulatory
requirements such as voluntary programs, trade association criteria, and/or Executive
Orders.
l°fs Implementation:
ISO 14001 addresses compliance with legal and other requirements in several ways.
First, it requires a commitment to compliance in the environmental policy statement, the
document against which the effectiveness of the EMS is tested over time. Second, it
requires a procedure for identification of the regulatory and other requirements that are
in effect at any given time. The term "other requirements" refers to any non-regulatory
requirements such as voluntary programs, trade association criteria, and Executive
Orders. Also, legal and other requirements are considered when setting objectives and
targets. In addition, your organization's ability to maintain compliance is assessed
through the internal audit and reported to senior leadership during the management
review. All of these requirements ensure a high level of awareness and action related
to compliance with legal and other requirements.
Determine how your organization identifies the environmental regulatory and other
requirements that are in effect at any given time. Consider those environmental
requirements that may be managed by others, such as green procurement or
contracting requirements. Identify the legal or other requirements associated with each
environmental aspect. You may want to consider developing a register or list of all
applicable requirements. Annual review and updates to the register will allow you to
demonstrate that you are maintaining your commitment to compliance with legal and
other requirements.
i ~v' Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Identify Chesapeake Bay executive-level strategy documents (e.g., Chesapeake
2000 and Toxics 2000, see Appendix 1 and Appendix 2) as "other requirements to
which the organization subscribes."
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Create a register of legal and other requirements that are specific to each significant
aspect. Include Chesapeake Bay Program directives as other requirements.
5. Objectives, Targets and Programs
E] Requirements:
Establish, implement, maintain and document measurable (where possible)
environmental objectives and targets consistent with the environmental policy including
the commitments to compliance, prevention of pollution and continual improvement.
Consider legal and other requirements, significant environmental aspects, technological
options, financial, operational, and business requirements and the views of interested
parties in setting the objectives and targets.
Establish, implement and maintain programs to achieve the objectives and targets.
These programs should include designated responsibilities, means and time frame for
completion.
Implementation:
Objectives and targets are two of the EMS
elements that formalize the continual
improvement ethic within the EMS.
Objectives are broad, long-term
environmental goals and targets are the
incremental steps that will lead to
achievement of the objectives. Although it
is most common for organizations to
determine objectives and targets for each
significant environmental aspect, it is also
likely that not all objectives and targets can
be completed at the same time. The expectation is that, with the concurrence and
support of top management, your organization will pursue those objectives and targets
that create the greatest environmental performance improvements.
Your organization should establish at least one objective and supporting targets for
each significant environmental aspect. Objectives and targets should be endorsed by
senior leadership, prior to implementation.
Create formal, documented programs for each objective that describe the work to be
completed, who will perform the work, and set dates for reporting progress and for
completion of each task. Assign responsibility for each target and each action that will
lead to achieving the target. Determine resource needs, including labor hours, and
obtain management approval.
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Chesapeake Bay Focus:
There are many opportunities to link EMS objectives and targets to the goals stated in
the Chesapeake Bay executive-level strategy documents (e.g., Chesapeake 2000 and
Toxics 2000, See Appendix 1 and Appendix 2) and/or the tributary-specific strategies
that are being developed by the states in the Bay watershed. There are a number of
quantitative and non-quantitative statements in these documents that provide excellent
starting points for discussion of organization-specific objectives and targets.
• Set quantitative targets that contribute to achieving the goals within Chesapeake
2000 and Toxics 2000 (See Appendices 1 and 2).
• Based on your significance rankings, consider objectives and targets for reduction in
the purchase, use and disposal of Chesapeake Bay chemicals of concern.
Consider other priority areas such as stormwater (e.g., sediment) control, stream
buffers, or maintenance of forested areas.
• Contact local watershed groups for input on objectives and targets. Consider local
watershed management plans and/or tributary strategy allocations when setting
targets. See Appendix 3 for an example of Tributary Strategies.
Example:
Defense Supply Center Richmond
(DCSR) has an EMS objective to
improve stormwater management.
One target they have met is to
establish three storm water
raingardens, bioretention/biofiltration
units that contain 50% sand, 30 to
40% compost, and 10-20% topsoil.
The gardens create a very porous
soil that promotes infiltration and
decreases the load on DSCR's storm
water system.. To intercept oil and
greases leaking from vehicles, the
rain gardens have been placed at the
drainage points of a vehicle maintenance facility and various parking lots. Throughout
the gardens, DSCR planted a variety of native plants: winterberry, sweet spires,
compact sweet spires, blue flag iris, cardinal flower, calycanthus, and Virginia bluebells.
See Appendix 7 for additional examples of Chesapeake Bay focused objectives and
targets.
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6. Resources, Roles, Responsibility and Authority
C Requirements:
Management must make resources, including labor, infrastructure, technology and
funding, available to establish, implement, maintain and improve the EMS. Your
organization must appoint an EMS Management Representative to ensure that the EMS
is effectively implemented and maintained. The Management Representative also
should be the primary liaison with senior leadership. In addition, your organization
should define, document and communicate environmental roles, responsibilities and
authorities to enhance environmental performance.
Implementation:
Establishing and documenting environmental responsibilities raises the level of
environmental accountability throughout your organization. The goal is to document
current responsibilities for day-to-day environmental control, as well as those
responsible at the system level for keeping the EMS in continual improvement mode.
Documented responsibilities also allow the organization to identify ongoing training
needs to ensure that those who are responsible not only know they are responsible but
are competent to address those responsibilities.
Work with senior leadership to appoint an EMS
Management Representative who will take responsibility
for implementing and maintaining an effective EMS that
conforms to ISO 14001:2004 and your organization's
EMS guidance. Ensure that the EMS Management
Representative has access to and communicates
effectively with senior leadership.
Document environmental responsibilities throughout the organization in position
descriptions, organization charts, and/or plans and procedures. Responsibilities that
must be established are at both the activity level (e.g. who is responsible for ensuring
that the grease trap has been inspected and cleared as necessary on a regular basis),
and at the system level (e.g., who is responsible for leading the EMS team and planning
the annual Management Review). Demonstrate that environmental responsibilities are
communicated to all personnel, tenants, contractors and other service providers.
Chesapeake Bay Focus:
Demonstrate commitment to Bay restoration goals by allocating resources to
achieve objectives and targets that have been focused on Bay priorities.
Designate the individuals responsible for completing targets, communicate these
roles and responsibilities and get management buy-in on time frames and level of
effort.
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• Assign responsibility for interfacing with the Chesapeake Bay Program and
communicating the latest knowledge on Bay priorities back to the organization.
Example:
See Appendix 9 for an example of an Environmental Management Program Form which
documents EMS responsibilities.
7. Competence, Training and Awareness
C Requirements:
Ensure that any person performing a task that has the potential to cause a significant
environmental impact is competent on the basis of education, training or experience.
Maintain records of the education, training and/or experience. Identify environmental
training needs. Provide training or otherwise meet these needs. Maintain training
records.
Establish, implement and maintain procedures to communicate to all personnel working
for you or on your behalf:
1. the importance of conforming to the environmental policy, environmental
procedures and the EMS;
2. the significant environmental aspects and impacts associated with their work;
3. their EMS roles and responsibilities; and
4. the potential consequences of not following specified procedures and the
benefits of improved personal performance.
iorf Implementation:
Your organization must ensure that those who are responsible for environmental
management activities receive appropriate training and are competent to perform their
responsibilities. Training is important at the activity level where, for example, improper
use of equipment could lead to environmental harm. Training also is important for
general EMS awareness. Only when everyone in the organization is aware of the
environmental policy statement commitments and the EMS objectives and targets will
they be able to effectively support continual improvement in the environmental
performance of the management system.
Determine whether those individuals responsible for activities associated with any
significant aspect have appropriate environmental education, training or experience.
Ensure that you have access to records confirming that these individuals are
competent.
Identify all of your organization's environmental training needs, including those that may
be managed outside of the environmental program, such as government purchase card
training. Determine how you will ensure that all initial and refresher training is provided.
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Determine how you will document all environmental training and maintain training
records.
Establish awareness training procedures to communicate the required environmental
and EMS information to all personnel including tenants, contractors and other service
providers.
t "*"" Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Establish or modify new employee orientation to include an EMS overview and
explicit mention of the commitment to Chesapeake Bay protection.
• Schedule annual EMS awareness training that includes examples of potential Bay
impacts from your organization's activities.
• Incorporate examples of actual or potential Chesapeake Bay impacts into all
environmental training.
• Pay close attention to activity-level training wherever deviation from procedures
could lead to a direct and uncontrolled release within the watershed.
Example:
See Appendix 9 for an example of an Environmental Management Program Form,
which documents the details of competence and training for a single aspect.
8. Communication
C Requirements:
Establish, implement and maintain procedures for internal communication within the
organization and for external communication, including receiving, documenting, and
responding to external interested parties.
Decide whether to communicate externally about the significant environmental aspects
and document the decision. If your organization wishes to communicate its significant
aspects, develop a procedure to accomplish this.
lp <; Implementation:
Consider how information relevant to the EMS will be disseminated throughout your
organization, at a specific activity level, system wide and externally. If a set point on a
piece of equipment requires a change because a new operational procedure has been
established, how will the operators of the equipment be informed?
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If a neighbor of your facility has a concern about an environmental attribute of the facility
operations, how will that information be communicated to the EMS Team and top
management so they can consider how to address the concern?
This requirement also requires each organization to consider the extent to which you
will communicate actions you are taking relative to your significant environmental
aspects. The goal should be to communicate as much as possible about your
environmental performance without revealing mission-critical or other sensitive
information.
Establish an internal communication
procedure that includes all those tools used to
disseminate information relevant to
environmental management throughout your
organization. These may include staff
meetings, briefings to senior leadership,
issuance of policies and procedures, an
internal newsletter etc. Address
communication up and down the management
chain, as well as horizontally throughout your
organization.
Develop a process to ensure external stakeholder (i.e. community member or neighbor)
concerns are communicated to the EMS Team and top management so they can
consider how to address them. You may want to work with your Public Affairs staff to
define their procedures for external communication specific to environmental concerns.
Ensure that senior leadership decides whether your significant environmental aspects
will be communicated to the public. Document this decision in hard copy or electronic
format. If external communication is approved, Public Affairs can assist you in
determining the appropriate mechanism such as posting the significant aspects on an
external website or issuing a press release.
< 'v' Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Ensure that external communication is targeted to interested parties associated with
Chesapeake Bay, such as local watershed groups or Businesses for the Bay.
• Highlight environmental performance improvements that contribute to Bay priorities
in press releases, annual environmental reports and public web sites.
• Pay close attention to establishing effective activity-level environmental and EMS
communication procedures to ensure that information that could potentially impact
the Bay is provided to appropriate personnel.
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9. Documentation
C Requirements:
Document the following elements of the EMS:
• Environmental Policy,
• Objectives and targets,
• Description of the scope of the EMS,
• Description of the main elements of the EMS and their interaction, referring to
related documents,
• Documents and records required by ISO 14001:2004, and
• Documents and records essential to the "planning, operation and control" of those
activities related to the significant environmental aspects.
o
Implementation:
ISO 14001 mandates documentation of key elements of the EMS to minimize possible
negative impacts associated with deviation from procedures. Many organizations have
created an EMS Manual to describe the core elements of the system and how they
interact. This manual also points to other important EMS documents; for example, there
may be safety documents such as a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure
(SPCC) or Chemical Hygiene Plan that contain important directives related to
environmental performance (e.g., safe handling and spill cleanup procedures). The
EMS Manual describes all of these documents that contain environmental information.
Establish EMS documentation, either paper or electronic, that includes all of the
required content. Many organizations choose to create a web-based or hard copy EMS
Manual that includes descriptions of the organization-specific approach to each core
element of the EMS. The manual references other important EMS documents such as
system-level procedures, activity-level procedures, and records. Include any additional
documents and records specific to those processes associated with your organization's
significant aspects.
i "*"" Chesapeake Bay Focus:
Not Applicable.
Example:
See Appendix 9 for an example of an Environmental Management Program Form,
which presents a detailed list of records that pertain to a specific aspect.
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10. Control of Documents
E] Requirements:
Establish, implement and maintain a procedure to:
• Approve documents for adequacy before they are issued,
• Review, revise and re-approve documents,
• Identify changes to and current revision status of documents,
• Make sure the appropriate versions of documents are provided at points of use,
• Keep documents legible and identifiable,
• Control documents of external origin, and
• Identify and control obsolete documents.
;o> Implementation:
This requirement ensures that only documents that are currently in effect are available
to members of the organization. This avoids the potential environmental harm that
could result from implementing guidance that may have been replaced by new
procedures.
Develop procedures to ensure that documents are reviewed and reissued, as required
or as needed. Ensure that personnel access only the current versions of regulations,
policies, procedures and instructions and that obsolete documents retained for historic
purposes are clearly identified and controlled. Many organizations maintain the current
versions of plans and guides in a web-based format. Printed documents often include a
disclaimer stating that the printed version is uncontrolled or that the printed version is
valid only for 24 hours.
j "v' Chesapeake Bay Focus:
Not Applicable.
11. Operational Control
C Requirements:
Identify and plan functions associated with significant environmental aspects to ensure
that they are carried out under specified conditions. Establish, implement, maintain and
document procedures to control the potential for deviation from compliance, pollution
prevention, continual improvement and/or objectives and targets. State the required
operating criteria in the procedure. Establish, implement, maintain and communicate
procedures for significant environmental aspects of goods and services used by your
organization. Communicate applicable procedures and requirements to suppliers,
including contractors.
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Implementation:
Operational control refers to the tools used by your
organization to control and minimize the
environmental impacts of a specific activity. They
may include written documents, such as policies
and standard operating procedures, or equipment
that minimizes emissions. Operational controls are
critically important to an effective EMS. They are
linked to both roles and responsibilities and training
because effective oversight of operational controls
reduces the potential for uncontrolled releases to the environment.
Develop and implement operational controls for any activity associated with a significant
aspect. Review each activity associated with a significant aspect and the controls for
that activity to ensure that the controls are adequate. Also evaluate whether the activity
is performed in accordance with the controls. Review the adequacy of operational
controls for those significant aspects associated with supplier or contractor goods and
services. Strengthen oversight of the adequacy and implementation of operational
controls. Maintain records that demonstrate careful management of operational
controls including equipment maintenance and calibration, as well as operator training.
Chesapeake Bay Focus:
Document and take credit for the procedures, controls, and other resources that you
currently dedicate to controlling environmental impacts that could harm the Bay.
Continually improve environmental performance by creating new or upgrading
existing operational controls. When making investment decisions for environmental
controls, weight those that contribute to Chesapeake Bay priorities most favorably.
Inventory all operational controls and review those associated with the potential
release of Chesapeake Bay Chemicals of Concern. Carefully maintain these
controls.
Example:
See Appendix 9 for an example of an Environmental Management Program Form,
which includes a document control number.
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12. Emergency Preparedness and Response
E] Requirements:
Establish, implement and maintain procedures to identify and respond to potential
emergency situations or accidents that could impact the environment to prevent or
mitigate those environmental impacts. Periodically review and revise emergency
preparedness and response procedures, particularly following an emergency or
accident. Periodically test these procedures, where practicable.
-jt^s
iOi Implementation:
**v>*
Substantial environmental harm can
result from unplanned and uncontrolled
releases that result from emergencies.
This EMS element requires thoughtful
planning (and practice where possible) of
containment procedures that will be
undertaken in the event of an emergency
such as a chemical spill or fire. Often,
emergency plans and procedures are
captured in health and safety documents
(e.g. Full Spectrum Threat Response,
Occupant Emergency or SPCC Plans),
referenced by the EMS Manual. The goal is to protect the employees during an
emergency and to contain and minimize harm to the environment.
Review existing emergency preparedness and response procedures for adequacy.
Ensure that an after-action report is generated following each accident or emergency
that may harm the environment. Identify requirements for routine testing of emergency
procedures (e.g., spill response) and ensure that periodic testing is scheduled and
carried out.
*~v' Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• When designing emergency containment procedures, place special emphasis on
pathways that would allow spills and other emergencies to affect local water
conditions.
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13. Monitoring and Measurement
C Requirements:
Establish, implement and maintain procedures to regularly monitor and measure those
key characteristics of your operations and activities that may have a significant impact
on the environment. Document information on performance, operational controls and
objectives and targets.
Ensure that monitoring and measurement equipment is calibrated or verified and
maintained. Maintain records of calibration and maintenance.
•jo j°
Implementation:
Your organization should maintain data to confirm that proper procedures are being
followed (e.g., operational controls and the calibration of equipment), to indicate trends
in overall environmental performance, and to track progress toward achieving your
objectives and targets. Monitoring and measuring results are used by the EMS Team
and top management to judge whether the system is effective. The data also is used by
auditors to determine whether the organization has allocated sufficient resources
through its management programs to fulfill its objectives and targets.
Establish or review and update procedures for tracking key environmental performance
indicators. Track progress toward achieving EMS objectives and targets. Establish or
review and update procedures to ensure that equipment is maintained according to the
manufacturer's recommendations. Establish or review and update procedures to
ensure that appropriate environmental equipment is calibrated or verified.
t "*"" Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Review monitoring and measuring of performance indicators for processes that
purchase, use and discharge Chesapeake Bay Chemicals of Concern (See
Appendix 5).
• Monitor the implementation and maintenance of EMS procedures and operational
controls such as Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans.
• Include indicators to track progress toward achieving EMS objectives and targets
and their impact on activities associated with significant environmental aspects.
Include Bay indicators where appropriate.
Example:
See Appendix 9 for an example of an Environmental Management Program Form that
documents monitoring and measurement of one significant aspect.
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14. Evaluation of Compliance
G Requirements:
Establish implement and maintain procedures for periodically evaluating compliance
with applicable legal requirements and keep records of the compliance evaluations.
Establish implement and maintain procedures for periodically evaluating compliance
with other requirements to which your organization subscribes and keep records of the
evaluations.
Implementation:
It is important to assess the status of your
organization's commitment to compliance
and most federal agencies have an
established process for auditing
compliance and documenting their
findings. Follow your organization's
established procedures for assessment of
compliance with legal and other
requirements. Many federal organizations
conduct internal compliance audits
annually, supplemented by an external
compliance audit every three to five years.
Executive Order 13148 suggests that federal facilities participate in an external
compliance assessment every three years.
Chesapeake Bay Focus:
Emphasize assessment of compliance with those legal and other requirements that
protect the Chesapeake Bay. Examples include air permits, NDPES permits,
Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans and requirements for proper storage and
disposal of chemicals of concern
15. Nonconformity, Corrective Action and Preventive Action
C Requirements:
Establish, implement and maintain procedures for addressing actual and potential
nonconformities and taking corrective and preventive action. Procedures should include
requirements for:
• Identifying and correcting nonconformance and mitigating its impacts,
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Determining the root cause and taking action to avoid recurrence,
Evaluating the need for preventive action measures and implementing those
measures appropriate to the magnitude of the problem and its impacts,
Documenting the results of corrective and preventive actions,
Reviewing the effectiveness of corrective and preventive actions, and
Making any necessary changes to the EMS documentation.
o
Implementation:
There are two distinctly different requirements in this element: corrective actions for
procedural nonconformances that have occurred, and preventive actions for those
environmental incidences that could occur. The standard requires analysis of the root
causes of nonconformances and prompts us to consider changes to procedures as
necessary to prevent recurrence. An effective corrective and preventive action program
will allow your organization to learn from identified nonconformances and demonstrate
continual improvement through corrective and preventive action.
Follow your organization's procedures for developing, implementing and maintaining a
Corrective Action Plan. For each finding of actual or potential nonconformance, perform
root cause analysis and identify the appropriate preventive or corrective action.
Implement the corrective action and evaluate its effectiveness in preventing recurrence.
Document the results of the corrective action.
t "*" Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Place special emphasis on corrective actions for processes that have a high
potential to impact the Bay, such as those processes that involve chemicals of
concern.
• Establish a reward system for employees who pursue preventive actions that
minimize releases that may impact the Bay.
16. Control of Records
C Requirements:
Establish and maintain legible, identifiable and traceable records of efforts to meet EMS
requirements and results achieved. Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for
the identification, storage, protection, retrieval, retention and disposal of records.
••"JV-j
ipj Implementation:
Records are auditable evidence that your organization is doing what it said it would do
elsewhere in the EMS documentation. Review your organization's record keeping
procedures. Determine those EMS activities for which records are required. Ensure
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that records of EMS activities are managed in accordance with local procedures and all
legal requirements. Confirm that appropriate records of EMS activities are accessible to
staff and auditors.
i "v" Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• EMS records can be objective evidence of the Bay focus of the EMS. Specific
opportunities to reflect the Bay orientation can include awareness training materials,
EMS Team minutes, audit results and preventive and corrective actions, monitoring
and measuring results, management review minutes, etc.
Example:
See Appendix 9 for an example of an Environmental Management Program Form which
documents records for one significant aspect.
17. Internal Audit
C Requirements:
Conduct internal audits of the EMS at planned intervals to determine whether the EMS
has been properly implemented and maintained and conforms to ISO 14001 and your
internal EMS procedures.
Establish, implement and maintain audit procedures that include the audit criteria,
scope, frequency and methods as well as the responsibilities for planning, conducting
and reporting audit results and disposition of audit records. Selection of auditors and
conduct of audits should ensure the objectivity and impartiality of the audit process.
The audit program should consider the environmental importance of the activity and the
results of previous audits.
Provide information on the results of audits to management.
IpJ Implementation:
An internal audit of the EMS by individuals trained to perform EMS audits provides
feedback that your organization can use to verify the status of EMS initiatives and the
overall well being of the EMS. The observations made by auditors who have not been
members of the EMS Team provides an alternative perspective on conformance with
ISO 14001 and your internal EMS procedures and nearly always leads to improvements
in the system.
Establish an EMS audit protocol that will allow you to evaluate whether your EMS
conforms to ISO 14001, meets your organization's EMS requirements, and whether you
are following your internal EMS procedures.
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Ensure the audit team includes individuals who have been trained to perform EMS
audits as well as individuals who are familiar with your organization and your
environmental programs. Conduct internal audits annually, or as directed by senior
leadership.
Document the audit findings of non-conformance and develop and implement a
corrective action plan. Brief senior leadership on the audit results.
"v" Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Ensure the audit evaluates the status of programs and priorities related to
environmental policy commitments specific to the Chesapeake Bay.
18. Management Review
Requirements:
Top management must review the EMS regularly to
evaluate its suitability, adequacy and effectiveness and
identify opportunities for improvement. The content of the
management review should include:
• The results of internal audits and compliance
assessments,
• Communication from external interested parties,
• Environmental performance of the organization,
• Status of objectives and targets,
• Status of corrective and preventive actions,
• Follow-up from previous management reviews,
• Changing circumstances, and
• Recommendations for improvement.
Maintain records of each Management Review, including any decisions regarding
revisions to the policy, objectives and targets or other elements of the EMS.
Implementation:
Management review is a formal process that engages senior leadership in a critical
review of the organization's ability to fulfill the commitments in the policy statement. It
ensures that top management will periodically focus exclusively on to the organization's
environmental obligations and issues. The management review provides an opportunity
to make the leadership aware of the organization's environmental performance trends
and the value returned to the organization by the EMS.
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Conduct a formal Management Review of the EMS according to the schedule
determined by your agency or your senior leadership. Document the management
review and manage the record according to your organization's procedure for control of
records.
Jf*v' Chesapeake Bay Focus:
• Present the results of monitoring of Chesapeake Bay indicators.
• Present results of any Bay-related pollution prevention activities, including chemicals
of concern replaced or reduced, stormwater run-off controls installed, etc.
• Present information and communications from Bay-related organizations.
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Appendix 1 - Chesapeake 2000
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Chesapeake Bay Program
A Watershed Partnership
CHESAPEAKE 2000
REAMBLE
The Chesapeake Bay is North America's largest and most biologically diverse estuary, home to more
than 3,600 species of plants, fish and animals. For more than 300 years, the Bay and its tributaries have
sustained the regions economy and defined its traditions and culture. It is a resource of extraordinary
productivity, worthy of the highest levels of protection and restoration.
Accordingly, in 1983 and 1987, the states of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, the District of
Columbia, the Chesapeake Bay Commission and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, repre-
senting the federal government, signed historic agreements that established the Chesapeake Bay
Program partnership to protect and restore the Chesapeake Bay's ecosystem.
For almost two decades, we, the signatories to these agreements, have worked together as stewards
to ensure the public's right to clean water and a healthy and productive resource. We have sought to
protect the health of the public that uses the Bay and consumes its bounty. The initiatives we have pur-
sued have been deliberate and have produced significant results in the health and productivity of the
Bay's main stem, the tributaries, and the natural land and water ecosystems that compose the
Chesapeake Bay watershed.
While the individual and collective accomplishments of our efforts have been significant, even
greater effort will be required to address the enormous challenges that lie ahead. Increased population
and development within the watershed have created ever-greater challenges for us in the Bay's restora-
tion. These challenges are further complicated by the dynamic nature of the Bay and the ever-changing
global ecosystem with which it interacts.
In order to achieve our existing goals and meet the challenges that lie ahead, we must reaffirm our
partnership and recommit to fulfilling the public responsibility we undertook almost two decades ago.
We must manage for the future. We must have a vision for our desired destiny and put programs into
place that will secure it.
To do this, there can be no greater goal in this recommitment than to engage everyone — individ-
uals, businesses, schools and universities, communities and governments — in our effort. We must
encourage all citizens of the Chesapeake Bay watershed to work toward a shared vision — a system with
abundant, diverse populations of living resources, fed by healthy streams and rivers, sustaining strong
local and regional economies, and our unique quality of life.
In affirming our recommitment through this new Chesapeake 2000, we recognize the importance of
viewing this document in its entirety with no single part taken in isolation of the others. This Agreement
reflects the Bay's complexity in that each action we take, like the elements of the Bay itself, is connected
to all the others. This Agreement responds to the problems facing this magnificent ecosystem in a com-
prehensive, multifaceted way.
L/O\ THIS AGREEMENT, we commit ourselves to nurture and sustain a Chesapeake Bay
Watershed Partnership and to achieve the goals set forth in the subsequent sections. Without such a
partnership, future challenges will not be met. With it, the restoration and protection of the Chesapeake
Bay will be ensured for generations to come.
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E COMMIT TO:
LIVING RESOURCE PROTECTION AND RESTORATION
The health and vitality of the Chesapeake Bay's living resources provide the ultimate indicator of our
success in the restoration and protection effort. The Bay's fisheries and the other living resources
that sustain them and provide habitat for them are central to the initiatives we undertake in this
Agreement.
We recognize the interconnectedness of the Bay's living resources and the importance of protecting the
entire natural system. Therefore, we commit to identify the essential elements of habitat and en-
vironmental quality necessary to support the living resources of the Bay. In protecting commercially
valuable species, we will manage harvest levels with precaution to maintain their health and stability
and protect the ecosystem as a whole. We will restore passage for migratory fish and work to ensure that
suitable water quality conditions exist in the upstream spawning habitats upon which they depend.
Our actions must be conducted in an integrated and coordinated manner. They must be continually
monitored, evaluated and revised to adjust to the dynamic nature and complexities of the Chesapeake
Bay and changes in global ecosystems. To advance this ecosystem approach, we will broaden our man-
agement perspective from single-system to ecosystem functions and will expand our protection efforts
by shifting from single-species to multi-species management. We will also undertake efforts to deter-
mine how future conditions and changes in the chemical, physical and biological attributes of the Bay
will affect living resources over time.
GOAL
Restore, enhance and protect the finfish, shellfish and other
living resources, their habitats and ecological relationships to
sustain all fisheries and provide for a balanced ecosystem.
Oysters
* By 2010, achieve, at a minimum, a tenfold increase in native oysters in the Chesapeake Bay, based
upon a 1994 baseline. By 2002, develop and implement a strategy to achieve this increase by using
sanctuaries sufficient in size and distribution, aquaculture, continued disease research and disease-
resistant management strategies, and other management approaches.
Exotic Species
* In 2000, establish a Chesapeake Bay Program Task Force to:
1. Work cooperatively with the U.S. Coast Guard, the ports, the shipping industry, environmental
interests and others at the national level to help establish and implement a national program
designed to substantially reduce and, where possible, eliminate the introduction of non-native
species carried in ballast water; and
2. By 2002, develop and implement an interim voluntary ballast water management program for
the waters of the Bay and its tributaries.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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+ By 2001, identify and rank non-native, invasive aquatic and terrestrial species which are causing or
have the potential to cause significant negative impacts to the Bay's aquatic ecosystem. By 2003,
develop and implement management plans for those species deemed problematic to the restoration
and integrity of the Bay's ecosystem.
Fish Passage and Migratory and Resident Fish
+ By June 2002, identify the final initiatives necessary to achieve our existing goal of restoring fish pas-
sage for migratory fish to more than 1,357 miles of currently blocked river habitat by 2003 and estab-
lish a monitoring program to assess outcomes.
* By 2002, set a new goal with implementation schedules for additional migratory and resident fish pas-
sages that addresses the removal of physical blockages. In addition, the goal will address the removal
of chemical blockages caused by acid mine drainage. Projects should be selected for maximum habi-
tat and stock benefit.
* By 2002, assess trends in populations for priority migratory fish species. Determine tributary-specific
target population sizes based upon projected fish passage, and current and projected habitat avail-
able, and provide recommendations to achieve those targets.
* By 2003, revise fish management plans to include strategies to achieve target population sizes of
tributary-specific migratory fish.
Multi-species Management
* By 2004, assess the effects of different population levels of filter feeders such as menhaden, oysters
and clams on Bay water quality and habitat.
* By 2005, develop ecosystem-based multi-species management plans for targeted species.
* By 2007, revise and implement existing fisheries management plans to incorporate ecological, social
and economic considerations, multi-species fisheries management and ecosystem approaches.
Crabs
+ By 2001, establish harvest targets for the blue crab fishery and begin implementing complementary
state fisheries management strategies Baywide. Manage the blue crab fishery to restore a healthy
spawning biomass, size and age structure.
VITAL HABITAT PROTECTION AND RESTORATION
The Chesapeake Bay's natural infrastructure is an intricate system of terrestrial and aquatic habitats,
linked to the landscapes and the environmental quality of the watershed. It is composed of the thou-
sands of miles of river and stream habitat that interconnect the land, water, living resources and human
communities of the Bay watershed. These vital habitats-including open water, underwater grasses,
marshes, wetlands, streams and forests-support living resource abundance by providing key food and
habitat for a variety of species. Submerged aquatic vegetation reduces shoreline erosion while forests
and wetlands protect water quality by naturally processing the pollutants before they enter the water.
Long-term protection of this natural infrastructure is essential.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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In managing the Bay ecosystem as a whole, we recognize the need to focus on the individuality of each
river, stream and creek, and to secure their protection in concert with the communities and individuals
that reside within these small watersheds. We also recognize that we must continue to refine and share
information regarding the importance of these vital habitats to the Bay's fish, shellfish and waterfowl.
Our efforts to preserve the integrity of this natural infrastructure will protect the Bay's waters and liv-
ing resources and will ensure the viability of human economies and communities that are dependent
upon those resources for sustenance, reverence and posterity.
GOAL
Preserve, protect and restore those habitats and natural areas that are vital to
the survival and diversity of the living resources of the Bay and its rivers.
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation
* Recommit to the existing goal of protecting and restoring 114,000 acres of submerged aquatic vege-
tation (SAV).
* By 2002, revise SAV restoration goals and strategies to reflect historic abundance, measured as
acreage and density from the 1930s to the present. The revised goals will include specific levels of
water clarity which are to be met in 2010. Strategies to achieve these goals will address water clarity,
water quality and bottom disturbance.
* By 2002, implement a strategy to accelerate protection and restoration of SAV beds in areas of criti-
cal importance to the Bay's living resources.
Watersheds
* By 2010, work with local governments, community groups and watershed organizations to develop
and implement locally supported watershed management plans in two-thirds of the Bay watershed
covered by this Agreement. These plans would address the protection, conservation and restoration
of stream corridors, riparian forest buffers and wetlands for the purposes of improving habitat and
water quality, with collateral benefits for optimizing stream flow and water supply.
* By 2001, each jurisdiction will develop guidelines to ensure the aquatic health of stream corridors.
Guidelines should consider optimal surface and groundwater flows.
+ By 2002, each jurisdiction will work with local governments and communities that have watershed
management plans to select pilot projects that promote stream corridor protection and restoration.
* By 2003, include in the "State of the Bay Report," and make available to the public, local govern-
ments and others, information concerning the aquatic health of stream corridors based on adopted
regional guidelines.
* By 2004, each jurisdiction, working with local governments, community groups and watershed
organizations, will develop stream corridor restoration goals based on local watershed management
planning.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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Wetlands
* Achieve a no-net loss of existing wetlands acreage and function in the signatories' regulatory
programs.
* By 2010, achieve a net resource gain by restoring 25,000 acres of tidal and non-tidal wetlands. To do
this, we commit to achieve and maintain an average restoration rate of 2,500 acres per year basin wide
by 2005 and beyond. We will evaluate our success in 2005.
+ Provide information and assistance to local governments and community groups for the development
and implementation of wetlands preservation plans as a component of a locally based integrated
watershed management plan. Establish a goal of implementing the wetlands plan component in 25
percent of the land area of each state's Bay watershed by 2010. The plans would preserve key wet-
lands while addressing surrounding land use so as to preserve wetland functions.
* Evaluate the potential impact of climate change on the Chesapeake Bay watershed, particularly with
respect to its wetlands, and consider potential management options.
Forests
* By 2002, ensure that measures are in place to meet our riparian forest buffer restoration goal of 2,010
miles by 2010. By 2003, establish a new goal to expand buffer mileage.
* Conserve existing forests along all streams and shorelines.
+ Promote the expansion and connection of contiguous forests through conservation easements, green-
ways, purchase and other land conservation mechanisms.
WATER QUALITY PROTECTION AND RESTORATION
Improving water quality is the most critical element in the overall protection and restoration of the
Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. In 1987, we committed to achieving a 40 percent reduction in
controllable nutrient loads to the Bay. In 1992, we committed to tributary-specific reduction strategies
to achieve this reduction and agreed to stay at or below these nutrient loads once attained. We have
made measurable reductions in pollution loading despite continuing growth and development. Still, we
must do more.
Recent actions taken under the Clean Water Act resulted in listing portions of the Chesapeake Bay and
its tidal rivers as "impaired waters." These actions have emphasized the regulatory framework of the Act
along with the ongoing cooperative efforts of the Chesapeake Bay Program as the means to address the
nutrient enrichment problems within the Bay and its rivers. In response, we have developed, and are
implementing, a process for integrating the cooperative and statutory programs of the Chesapeake Bay
and its tributaries. We have agreed to the goal of improving water quality in the Bay and its tributaries
so that these waters may be removed from the impaired waters list prior to the time when regulatory
mechanisms under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act would be applied.
We commit to achieve and maintain water quality conditions necessary to support living resources
throughout the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem. Where we have failed to achieve established water quality
goals, we will take actions necessary to reach and maintain those goals. We will make pollution preven-
tion a central theme in the protection of water quality. And we will take actions that protect freshwater
flow regimes for riverine and estuarine habitats. In pursuing the restoration of vital habitats throughout
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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the watershed, we will continue efforts to improve water clarity in order to meet light requirements
necessary to support SAV We will expand our efforts to reduce sediments and airborne pollution, and
ensure that the Bay is free from toxic effects on living resources and human health. We will continue
our cooperative intergovernmental approach to achieve and maintain water quality goals through cost-
effective and equitable means within the framework of federal and state law. We will evaluate the poten-
tial impacts of emerging issues, including, among others, airborne ammonia and nonpoint sources of
chemical contaminants. Finally, we will continue to monitor water quality conditions and adjust our
strategies accordingly.
GOAL
Achieve and maintain the water quality necessary to support the aquatic
living resources of the Bay and its tributaries and to protect human health.
Nutrients and Sediments
* Continue efforts to achieve and maintain the 40 percent nutrient reduction goal agreed to in 1987, as
well as the goals being adopted for the tributaries south of the Potomac River.
* By 2010, correct the nutrient- and sediment-related problems in the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal
tributaries sufficiently to remove the Bay and the tidal portions of its tributaries from the list of
impaired waters under the Clean Water Act. In order to achieve this:
1. By 2001, define the water quality conditions necessary to protect aquatic living resources and
then assign load reductions for nitrogen and phosphorus to each major tributary;
2. Using a process parallel to that established for nutrients, determine the sediment load reduc-
tions necessary to achieve the water quality conditions that protect aquatic living resources,
and assign load reductions for sediment to each major tributary by 2001;
3. By 2002, complete a public process to develop and begin implementation of revised Tributary
Strategies to achieve and maintain the assigned loading goals;
4. By 2003, the jurisdictions with tidal waters will use their best efforts to adopt new or revised
water quality standards consistent with the defined water quality conditions. Once adopted by
the jurisdictions, the Environmental Protection Agency will work expeditiously to review the
new or revised standards, which will then be used as the basis for removing the Bay and its
tidal rivers from the list of impaired waters; and
5. By 2003, work with the Susquehanna River Basin Commission and others to adopt and begin
implementing strategies that prevent the loss of the sediment retention capabilities of the
lower Susquehanna River dams.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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Chemical Contaminants
+ We commit to fulfilling the 1994 goal of a Chesapeake Bay free of toxics by reducing or eliminating
the input of chemical contaminants from all controllable sources to levels that result in no toxic or
bioaccumulative impact on the living resources that inhabit the Bay or on human health.
* By Fall of 2000, reevaluate and revise, as necessary, the "Chesapeake Bay Basinwide Toxics
Reduction and Prevention Strategy" focusing on:
1. Complementing state and federal regulatory programs to go beyond traditional point source
controls, including nonpoint sources such as groundwater discharge and atmospheric
deposition, by using a watershed-based approach; and
2. Understanding the effects and impacts of chemical contaminants to increase the effectiveness
of management actions.
* Through continual improvement of pollution prevention measures and other voluntary means, strive
for zero release of chemical contaminants from point sources, including air sources. Particular
emphasis shall be placed on achieving, by 2010, elimination of mixing zones for persistent or bioac-
cumulative toxics.
* Reduce the potential risk of pesticides to the Bay by targeting education, outreach and implementa-
tion of Integrated Pest Management and specific Best Management Practices on those lands that
have higher potential for contributing pesticide loads to the Bay.
Priority Urban Waters
* Support the restoration of the Anacostia River, Baltimore Harbor, and Elizabeth River and their
watersheds as models for urban river restoration in the Bay basin.
* By 2010, the District of Columbia, working with its watershed partners, will reduce pollution loads
to the Anacostia River in order to eliminate public health concerns and achieve the living resource,
water quality and habitat goals of this and past Agreements.
Air Pollution
* By 2003, assess the effects of airborne nitrogen compounds and chemical contaminants on the Bay
ecosystem and help establish reduction goals for these contaminants.
Boat Discharge
* By 2003, establish appropriate areas within the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries as "no discharge
zones" for human waste from boats. By 2010, expand by 50 percent the number and availability of
waste pump-out facilities.
* By 2006, reassess our progress in reducing the impact of boat waste on the Bay and its tributaries.
This assessment will include evaluating the benefits of further expanding no discharge zones, as well
as increasing the number of pump-out facilities.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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SOUND LAND USE
In 1987, the signatories agreed that "there is a clear correlation between population growth and asso-
ciated development and environmental degradation in the Chesapeake Bay system." This Agreement
reaffirms that concept and recognizes that more must be done.
An additional three million people are expected to settle in the watershed by 2020. This growth could
potentially eclipse the nutrient reduction and habitat protection gains of the past. Therefore it is criti-
cal that we consider our approaches to land use in order to ensure progress in protecting the Bay and
its local watersheds.
Enhancing, or even maintaining, the quality of the Bay while accommodating growth will frequently
involve difficult choices. It will require a renewed commitment to appropriate development standards.
The signatories will assert the full measure of their authority to limit and mitigate the potential adverse
effects of continued growth; each however, will pursue this objective within the framework of its own
historic, existing or future land use practices or processes. Local jurisdictions have been delegated
authority over many decisions regarding growth and development which have both direct and indirect
effects on the Chesapeake Bay system and its living resources. The role of local governments in the
Bay's restoration and protection effort will be given proper recognition and support through state and
federal resources. States will also engage in active partnerships with local governments in managing
growth and development in ways that support the following goal.
We acknowledge that future development will be sustainable only if we protect our natural and rural
resource land, limit impervious surfaces and concentrate new growth in existing population centers or
suitable areas served by appropriate infrastructure. We will work to integrate environmental, commu-
nity and economic goals by promoting more environmentally sensitive forms of development. We will
also strive to coordinate land-use, transportation, water and sewer and other infrastructure planning so
that funding and policies at all levels of government do not contribute to poorly planned growth and
development or degrade local water quality and habitat. We will advance these policies by creating part-
nerships with local governments to protect our communities and to discharge our duties as trustees in
the stewardship of the Chesapeake Bay. Finally, we will report every two years on our progress in
achieving our commitments to promote sound land use.
GOAL
Develop, promote and achieve sound land use practices
which protect and restore watershed resources and water quality,
maintain reduced pollutant loadings for the Bay and its tributaries,
and restore and preserve aquatic living resources.
Land Conservation
+ By 2001, complete an assessment of the Bay's resource lands including forests and farms, emphasiz-
ing their role in the protection of water quality and critical habitats, as well as cultural and economic
viability.
+ Provide financial assistance or new revenue sources to expand the use of voluntary and market-based
mechanisms such as easements, purchase or transfer of development rights and other approaches to
protect and preserve natural resource lands.
* Strengthen programs for land acquisition and preservation within each state that are supported by
funding and target the most valued lands for protection. Permanently preserve from development 20
percent of the land area in the watershed by 2010.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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+ Provide technical and financial assistance to local governments to plan for or revise plans, ordinances
and subdivision regulations to provide for the conservation and sustainable use of the forest and agri-
cultural lands.
+ In cooperation with local governments, develop and maintain in each jurisdiction a strong GIS system
to track the preservation of resource lands and support the implementation of sound land use practices.
Development, Redevelopment and Revitalization
* By 2012, reduce the rate of harmful sprawl development of forest and agricultural land in the
Chesapeake Bay watershed by 30 percent measured as an average over five years from the baseline
of 1992-1997, with measures and progress reported regularly to the Chesapeake Executive Council.
* By 2005, in cooperation with local government, identify and remove state and local impediments to
low impact development designs to encourage the use of such approaches and minimize water qual-
ity impacts.
* Work with communities and local governments to encourage sound land use planning and practices
that address the impacts of growth, development and transportation on the watershed.
* By 2002, review tax policies to identify elements which discourage sustainable development prac-
tices or encourage undesirable growth patterns. Promote the modification of such policies and the
creation of tax incentives which promote the conservation of resource lands and encourage invest-
ments consistent with sound growth management principles.
+ The jurisdictions will promote redevelopment and remove barriers to investment in underutilized
urban, suburban and rural communities by working with localities and development interests.
+ By 2002, develop analytical tools that will allow local governments and communities to conduct
watershed-based assessment of the impacts of growth, development and transportation decisions.
* By 2002, compile information and guidelines to assist local governments and communities to promote
ecologically-based designs in order to limit impervious cover in undeveloped and moderately devel-
oped watersheds and reduce the impact of impervious cover in highly developed watersheds.
* Provide information to the development community and others so they may champion the applica-
tion of sound land use practices.
+ By 2003, work with local governments and communities to develop land-use management and water
resource protection approaches that encourage the concentration of new residential development in
areas supported by adequate water resources and infrastructure to minimize impacts on water quality.
* By 2004, the jurisdictions will evaluate local implementation of stormwater, erosion control and other
locally-implemented water quality protection programs that affect the Bay system and ensure that
these programs are being coordinated and applied effectively in order to minimize the impacts of
development.
* Working with local governments and others, develop and promote wastewater treatment options,
such as nutrient reducing septic systems, which protect public health and minimize impacts to the
Bay's resources.
+ Strengthen brownfield redevelopment. By 2010, rehabilitate and restore 1,050 brownfield sites to
productive use.
+ Working with local governments, encourage the development and implementation of emerging urban
storm water retrofit practices to improve their water quantity and quality function.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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Transportation
* By 2002, the signatory jurisdictions will promote coordination of transportation and land use plan-
ning to encourage compact, mixed use development patterns, revitalization in existing communities
and transportation strategies that minimize adverse effects on the Bay and its tributaries.
* By 2002, each state will coordinate its transportation policies and programs to reduce the depend-
ence on automobiles by incorporating travel alternatives such as telework, pedestrian, bicycle and
transit options, as appropriate, in the design of projects so as to increase the availability of alternative
modes of travel as measured by increased use of those alternatives.
* Consider the provisions of the federal transportation statutes for opportunities to purchase easements
to preserve resource lands adjacent to rights of way and special efforts for stormwater management
on both new and rehabilitation projects.
* Establish policies and incentives which encourage the use of clean vehicle and other transportation
technologies that reduce emissions.
Public Access
* By 2010, expand by 30 percent the system of public access points to the Bay, its tributaries and
related resource sites in an environmentally sensitive manner by working with state and federal
agencies, local governments and stakeholder organizations.
* By 2005, increase the number of designated water trails in the Chesapeake Bay region by 500 miles.
* Enhance interpretation materials that promote stewardship at natural, recreational, historical and
cultural public access points within the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
* By 2003, develop partnerships with at least 30 sites to enhance place-based interpretation of
Bay-related resources and themes and stimulate volunteer involvement in resource restoration and
conservation.
STEWARDSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT
The Chesapeake Bay is dependent upon the actions of every citizen in the watershed, both today and
in the future. We recognize that the cumulative benefit derived from community-based watershed
programs is essential for continued progress toward a healthier Chesapeake Bay. Therefore, we commit
ourselves to engage our citizens by promoting a broad conservation ethic throughout the fabric of com-
munity life, and foster within all citizens a deeper understanding of their roles as trustees of their own
local environments. Through their actions, each individual can contribute to the health and well-being
of their neighborhood streams, rivers and the land that surrounds them, not only as ecological stewards
of the Bay but also as members of watershed-wide communities. By focusing individuals on local
resources, we will advance Baywide restoration as well.
We recognize that the future of the Bay also depends on the actions of generations to follow. Therefore,
we commit to provide opportunities for cooperative learning and action so that communities can pro-
mote local environmental quality for the benefit and enjoyment of residents and visitors. We will assist
communities throughout the watershed in improving quality of life, thereby strengthening local
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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economies and connecting individuals to the Bay through their shared sense of responsibility. We will
seek to increase the financial and human resources available to localities to meet the challenges of
restoring the Chesapeake Bay.
GOAL
Promote individual stewardship and assist individuals, community-based
organizations, businesses, local governments and schools to undertake
initiatives to achieve the goals and commitments of this agreement.
Education and Outreach
* Make education and outreach a priority in order to achieve public awareness and personal involve-
ment on behalf of the Bay and local watersheds.
+ Provide information to enhance the ability of citizen and community groups to participate in Bay
restoration activities on their property and in their local watershed.
* Expand the use of new communications technologies to provide a comprehensive and interactive
source of information on the Chesapeake Bay and its watershed for use by public and technical audi-
ences. By 2001, develop and maintain a web-based clearing house of this information specifically for
use by educators.
* Beginning with the class of 2005, provide a meaningful Bay or stream outdoor experience for every
school student in the watershed before graduation from high school.
* Continue to forge partnerships with the Departments of Education and institutions of higher learn-
ing in each jurisdiction to integrate information about the Chesapeake Bay and its watershed into
school curricula and university programs.
* Provide students and teachers alike with opportunities to directly participate in local restoration and
protection projects, and to support stewardship efforts in schools and on school property.
* By 2002, expand citizen outreach efforts to more specifically include minority populations by, for
example, highlighting cultural and historical ties to the Bay, and providing multi-cultural and multi-
lingual educational materials on stewardship activities and Bay information.
Community Engagement
+ Jurisdictions will work with local governments to identify small watersheds where community-based
actions are essential to meeting Bay restoration goals—in particular wetlands, forested buffers,
stream corridors and public access and work with local governments and community organizations to
bring an appropriate range of Bay program resources to these communities.
* Enhance funding for locally-based programs that pursue restoration and protection projects that will
assist in the achievement of the goals of this and past agreements.
* By 2001, develop and maintain a clearing house for information on local watershed restoration efforts,
including financial and technical assistance.
+ By 2002, each signatory jurisdiction will offer easily-accessible information suitable for analyzing
environmental conditions at a small watershed scale.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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* Strengthen the Chesapeake Bay Program's ability to incorporate local governments into the policy
decision making process. By 2001, complete a reevaluation of the Local Government Participation
Action Plan and make necessary changes in Bay program and jurisdictional functions based upon the
reevaluation.
+ Improve methods of communication with and among local governments on Bay issues and provide
adequate opportunities for discussion of key issues.
* By 2001, identify community watershed organizations and partnerships. Assist in establishing new
organizations and partnerships where interest exists. These partners will be important to successful
watershed management efforts in distributing information to the public, and engaging the public in
the Bay restoration and preservation effort.
* By 2005, identify specific actions to address the challenges of communities where historically poor
water quality and environmental conditions have contributed to disproportional health, economic or
social impacts.
Government by Example
* By 2002, each signatory will put in place processes to:
1. Ensure that all properties owned, managed or leased by the signatories are developed,
redeveloped and used in a manner consistent with all relevant goals, commitments and
guidance of this Agreement.
2. Ensure that the design and construction of signatory-funded development and redevelop-
ment projects are consistent with all relevant goals, commitments and guidance of this
Agreement.
* Expand the use of clean vehicle technologies and fuels on the basis of emission reductions, so that a
significantly greater percentage of each signatory government's fleet of vehicles use some form of
clean technology.
* By 2001, develop an Executive Council Directive to address stormwater management to control
nutrient, sediment and chemical contaminant runoff from state, federal and District owned land.
Partnerships
* Strengthen partnerships with Delaware, New York and West Virginia by promoting communication
and by seeking agreements on issues of mutual concern.
+ Work with non-signatory Bay states to establish links with community-based organizations through-
out the Bay watershed.
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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'Y THIS AGREEMENT, we rededicate ourselves to the restoration and protection of
the ecological integrity, productivity and beneficial uses of the Chesapeake Bay system. We
reaffirm our commitment to previously-adopted Chesapeake Bay Agreements and their
supporting policies. We agree to report annually to the citizens on the state of the Bay and
consider any additional actions necessary.
DATE June 28, 2000
FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
FOR THE STATE OF MARYLAND
FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA ,!}, H
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
FOR THE CHESAPEAKE BAY COMMISSION
CHESAPEAKE 2000
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Appendix 2 - Toxics 2000
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Chesapeake Bay Program
A Watershed Partnership
CHESAPEAKE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
TOXICS 2000 STRATEGY
A Chesapeake Bay Watershed Strategy for
Chemical Contaminant Reduction, Prevention, and Assessment
GT
?._yn October 1994, the Chesapeake Executive Council adopted the 1994 Chesapeake Bay
Basinwide Toxics Reduction and Prevention Strategy in fulfillment of the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement.
In June 2000, the Chesapeake Executive Council adopted the Chesapeake 2000 Bay Agreement committing
to fulfill the 1994 Toxics Strategy goal of a "Chesapeake Bay free of toxics by reducing or eliminating the
input of chemical contaminants from all controllable sources to levels that result in no toxic or bioaccumu-
lative impact on the living resources that inhabit the Bay or on human health," To ensure progress towards
this goal, the Executive Council further committed to reevaluate and revise the strategy by Fall of 2000.
HE HAS SHOWN
We have significant strides in chemical con-
taminant reduction, prevention, and assessment activities
through both regulatory and voluntary programs.
*»-Industries and federal facilities have achieved their
basinwide goals of reducing Toxics Release Inventory
chemical releases and transfers and over 250 busi-
nesses are participating in the voluntary pollution pre-
vention program, Businesses for the Bay.
s^ In 1998, farmers practiced integrated pest manage-
ment (IPM) on over 3.8 million acres (or 79%) of
agricultural cropland surveyed in the Chesapeake Bay
watershed.
*- Between 1990 and 1999 nearly 1.3 million pounds of
un-used pesticides were collected and properly dis-
posed of through programs offered in 100% of water-
shed counties in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.
^ Between 1993 and 1999 nearly 700,000 used pesti-
cide containers were collected and recycled through
programs offered in 100% of watershed counties in
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.
s*- We continue to take actions to better understand and
manage the chemical contaminant problems in the
three Regions of Concern.
We have improved our understanding of chemical
contaminant sources, loads, and impacts.
s*-The 7999 Toxics Characterization and other federal
and state characterizations report the status of chemi-
cal contaminant effects on living resources:
• The three areas designated by the Executive Coun-
cil as Regions of Concern: Anacostia River, Balti-
more Harbor, and Elizabeth River still remain. It
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may take years for these river systems to show a
measurable response to chemical contaminant
clean-up efforts.
• Ten tidal river segments have been characterized as
Areas of Emphasis with significant potential for
toxic effects on living resources and over 200 areas
throughout the watershed in Maryland, Pennsylva-
nia, Virginia, and the District of Columbia have
been defined by the signatories as impaired or
threatened due to chemical contamination.
• Eight tidal river segments have been characterized
as Areas with Low Probability for Adverse Effects
where chemical contaminant problems are
unlikely.
• Twenty tidal river segments have been identified as
Areas with Insufficient or Inconclusive Data where
the status of toxic impacts on living resources is
unknown.
• Fish consumption advisories have been issued by
the states in 21 areas in the Bay watershed due to
chemical contaminants that have accumulated in
fish tissues.
The 7999 Chesapeake Bay Basinwide Toxics Loading
and Release Inventory reports:
• Nonpoint sources, particularly urban stormwater
runoff, represent a substantial source of chemical
contaminants to the Bay and its tidal rivers.
• Point sources are subject to direct regulatory con-
trols and have met many of the Bay Program vol-
untary goals, yet data indicate they may still
represent a significant source of some contami-
nants to the Bay and its tidal rivers
We still have work to do to:
&*- Prevent and reduce chemical contaminant inputs and
eliminate toxic impacts on living resources that
inhabit the Bay and rivers.
&*- Eliminate all chemical contaminant-related fish con-
sumption bans and advisories.
£*- Clean up contaminants in the sediment in the three
Regions of Concern.
f^ Sustain our progress and ultimately achieve the Tox-
ics Strategy goal, in the face of increasing population
and expanded development within the watershed.
We still have more to learn about:
&*- Chemical contaminant loads and impacts from animal
agriculture, pesticide use, groundwater, urban
stormwater runoff, and point sources.
f^ The sources and controllability of chemical contami-
nants from household products, human wastes, and
residential activities.
s^The potential for chemical contaminants to cause
toxic impacts on aquatic-dependent wildlife in the
Chesapeake Bay watershed.
&*- The long term impacts from low levels of chemical
contaminants below thresholds associated with ad-
verse effects on the Bay's living resources.
s^How to deal with contaminants in sediments.
USED ON THESE FINDINGS, THE TOXICS 2000 STRATEGY WAS DEVELOPED through a year-long
process that incorporated broad stakeholder involvement. Through the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act and other
federal, state, and local regulatory programs, significant strides have been made in controlling chemical contaminants
and protecting living resources and human health. Further chemical contaminant reductions from both point and non-
point sources are expected in the next decade through implementation of the Clean Water Act for those waterbodies
defined as impaired by the jurisdictions. This Strategy commits to voluntary efforts that build on the successes of
the state and federal regulatory programs and go beyond compliance with existing regulatory point and nonpoint
source programs to preclude the need for costly regulations and remediation in the future.
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A TARGETED APPROACH
Chemical Focus
With the thousands of chemicals that are being released
into the watershed each year, we recognize the need to
focus our limited resources on reducing or eliminating
releases of those chemicals that we know are presenting
the biggest risk to Chesapeake Bay living resources or
human health, based on our current state of knowledge.
Many of these chemicals of concern in the watershed are
persistent or bioaccumulative and pose a risk to living
resources or human health. They include:
s^ chemical contaminants identified in the 7999 Toxics
Characterization that are at levels that may cause
toxic impacts to living resources,
f^ chemical contaminants responsible for listing a water-
body as impaired or threatened on the State and Dis-
trict 303(d) lists, and
s^ chemical contaminants responsible for finfish and
shellfish consumption advisories.
Chemicals of concern include both currently-used chem-
icals and historically-used chemicals. We recognize that
some chemicals are no longer in use and may be more
difficult to control, but nonetheless remain a concern
because they persist in the environment at levels that
pose risks to living resources. We may target additional
chemicals of concern for reduction and prevention
actions as new data become available from our efforts to
characterize toxic impacts and learn more about emerg-
ing chemicals of concern. Appendix A is a current list of
chemicals of concern.
We also recognize that our knowledge of toxic impacts
and chemicals that are causing toxic impacts is incom-
plete. Long term effects from low levels of multiple con-
taminants in the water and sediment of the Bay and
rivers are not fully understood. Therefore, where feasi-
ble, we believe it is prudent to encourage reducing or
eliminating loads of any chemical contaminant in the
watershed through pollution prevention and other volun-
tary measures. Therefore, several watershed-wide com-
mitments apply to the Toxics Release Inventory
chemical list, a list of over 640 chemicals EPA has deter-
mined are being used, manufactured, or released in the
environment that may pose threats to the environment
and human health. These chemical releases are reported
annually by many point sources in the watershed.
Geographic Focus
In order to address chemical contaminant-related prob-
lems in the watershed effectively and efficiently, we use
an integrated, risk-based approach to focus limited
resources in areas impacted or at risk due to chemical
contaminants. We commit to stepping up our voluntary
efforts in impacted areas where chemical contaminant
problems are known: the Regions of Concern, the water-
bodies impaired by chemical contaminants on the juris-
dictions' 303(d) lists, and areas subject to finfish or
shellfish consumption bans and advisories. We also
commit to stepping up voluntary efforts in areas at risk.
Areas of Emphasis where there is significant potential
for toxic impacts on living resources, areas adjacent to
land use activities that have a higher potential for con-
tributing persistent or bioaccumulative chemicals such
as highly urbanized watersheds or watersheds with
intensive agricultural practices. Additional impacted
areas and areas at risk may be identified as new data
become available from our characterization efforts.
WHAT DO WE WANT?
Strategy Goal: Through implementation of this watershed-wide strategy, the Chesapeake Bay Program signatories
re-commit to fulfilling the following goal:
Our goal is a Chesapeake Bay free of toxics by reducing or eliminating the input of
chemical contaminants from all controllable sources to levels that result in no toxic or
bioaccumulative impact on the living resources that inhabit the Bay or on human health.
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HOW DO WE GET THERE?
The signatories commit to the following objectives and commitments to reach the overarching Toxics
Strategy goal. Actions are focused on (1) restoration, protection and prevention and (2) monitoring,
assessment, and research. Some commitments apply watershed-wide to address common issues across the
watershed, while others apply to specific impacted areas and areas at risk.
TAKING RESTORATION, PROTECTION AND PREVENTION ACTIONS
Objective: Through voluntary pollution prevention and restoration, we commit to (1) restore
impacted areas and areas at risk due to legacy and present sources of chemical contaminants
so that they can support living resources and humans that depend on them and (2) to protect
those rivers that are not currently impacted by chemical contaminants to ensure that they
remain un-impacted for future generations.
c/o accomplish this objective, the signatories commit to:
Restoring Impacted Areas
To restore the Regions of Concern and other impacted
watersheds we commit to:
s^by 2001, initiate a series of technology exchanges
with scientists, managers, and engineers to identify
approaches, methods, and technologies for addressing
contaminated sediment that are applicable to the
Chesapeake Bay Regions of Concern.
&*- by 2002, based on these technology exchanges, each
Region of Concern jurisdiction will review, revise,
and begin implementing plans to deal with contami-
nated sediment which identify locations to target for
sediment remediation, applicable technologies and
approaches for addressing contaminated sediment,
and stakeholders to partner with to ensure that the
plans are implemented.
£*- prevent or reduce current chemical contaminant loads to
these regions by taking voluntary actions that go beyond
point and nonpoint source regulatory programs.
Restoring and Protecting Areas at Risk
To ensure that pollution prevention, restoration, and
assessment actions are taken to benefit areas at risk due
to chemical contaminants so that these areas can be char-
acterized as Areas with Low Probability for Adverse
Effects we commit to:
f^ conduct more detailed source assessments and load-
ings inventories to better define and manage chemical
contaminants inputs from all sources, including con-
taminated sediment.
^ prevent or reduce current chemical contaminant loads
to these regions by taking voluntary actions that go
beyond point and nonpoint source regulatory pro-
grams.
Protecting Un-impacted Areas
To ensure that Areas with Low Probability for Adverse
Effects remain un-impacted we commit to:
f^ regularly monitor these areas to detect early warning
signs of increased chemical contaminant loads or ambi-
ent levels that may pose a risk to living resources.
£*- encourage sound land use and development activities
to prevent additional chemical contaminant loads
from entering these rivers,
f^ prevent or reduce current chemical contaminant loads
to these regions by taking voluntary actions that go
beyond point and nonpoint source regulatory pro-
grams, particularly in areas under growth and devel-
opment pressures.
Addressing Finfish/Shellfish
Consumption Bans and Advisories
To ensure that fmfish and shellfish are safe to eat by all
Bay watershed residents and visitors Bay Program sig-
natories, in partnership with the departments of health,
the environmental community, and relevant federal
agencies, commit to:
Develop Contaminant Prevention
and Reduction Strategies
f^ By 2002 develop and begin implementing strategies
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to prevent or reduce chemical contaminants respon-
sible for fish consumption advisories.
f^ By 2002 in areas where the most substantial source of
fish consumption advisories are sediments contami-
nated by legacy pollutants, evaluate the feasibility of
various remediation measures to reduce the risks
associated with contaminated sediment.
Evaluate Fish Tissue Monitoring and
Outreach Programs
&*- By 2002, evaluate finfish and shellfish tissue monitor-
ing programs and consumption estimates to determine
whether they are sufficient for developing, updating,
and confirming consumption bans and advisories
caused by chemical contaminants and recommend
any necessary improvements.
&*- By 2002, evaluate the technical and public outreach
components of finfish and shellfish tissue monitoring
programs and progress reporting and recommend any
necessary improvements to ensure that advisory
information is accurate, understandable, and easily
available to the public.
By 2002 and every two years thereafter, report on
progress in terms of the area (or river miles) of finfish
and shellfish grounds assessed, area under advisories
due to chemical contaminants, and a summary of
trends in contaminant levels in finfish and shellfish in
areas under advisories, areas at risk, and un-impacted
areas.
By 2004, institute the improvements to programs
identified above and assess major fishing areas in the
Bay watershed, complete risk screenings, identify
specific sub-populations at risk where necessary, and
issue consumption advisories where appropriate.
ADDRESSING POINT SOURCES
Point source facilities have made significant progress in preventing and reducing their chemical contami-
nant loads to the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Although point sources are subject to regulatory controls,
there are additional voluntary steps that can be taken to further reduce and prevent chemical contaminant
loads and improve point source loadings estimates to the Bay and rivers. The following objectives and com-
mitments target point source facilities such as federal facilities, industries, publicly and privately owned
treatment works (otherwise known as municipal wastewater treatment plants), stationary air emission
sources in the watershed, businesses, commercial establishments, and state and local government facilities.
Stormwater runoff is addressed in the nonpoint source section of this Strategy.
Zero Release Objective: To achieve the following Chesapeake 2000 Bay Agreement commit-
ment "Through continual improvement of pollution prevention measures and other voluntary
means, strive for zero release of chemical contaminants from point sources, including air
sources. Particular emphasis shall be placed on achieving, by 2010, elimination of mixing zones
for persistent or bioaccumulative toxics."
c/o accomplish this objective, the signatories commit to:
Mixing Zone Phase Out
£*- Strive to meet water quality standards for persistent or
bioaccumulative chemical contaminants at the point
of discharge through continual improvement of pollu-
tion prevention measures and other voluntary means.
• By 2001, establish a baseline for the facilities not
meeting water quality standards at the point of dis-
charge for persistent or bioaccumulative chemical
contaminants and by 2003 and 2007 report on their
progress in reducing concentrations at the point of
discharge in order to eliminate mixing zones.
An initial emphasis shall be placed on phasing
out mixing zones for persistent or bioaccumula-
tive chemical contaminants in the following
areas:
- Regions of Concern,
- Areas of Emphasis,
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- 303(d) listed waters for persistent or bioaccumu-
lative chemical contaminants,
- Areas under finfish or shellfish advisories caused
by persistent or bioaccumulative chemical
contaminants.
Chemical Release Reductions
Industries have made significant progress in achieving
chemical reductions over the past decade. Between 1988
and 1997 they reduced their releases of Toxics Release
Inventory chemicals by 67%. Since that time, many
more chemicals and industries have been added to the
Toxics Release Inventory. Therefore, we are setting new
goals with more recent baselines to achieve further
reductions from both industries and publicly and pri-
vately owned treatment works.
J^By 2010 reduce by at least 20% the 1998 Toxics
Release Inventory chemical releases and off-site trans-
fers for treatment and disposal from 1998 levels by
working with publicly and privately owned treatment
works and industries (including air sources) throughout
the watershed. Particular emphasis shall be placed on
reducing chemicals at the source. By 2005, evaluate
progress towards this commitment and commit to
greater reductions where necessary by 2010.
ft^By 2005, in impacted areas and areas at risk, reduce
by 15% chemicals of concern from 1998 levels by
working with publicly and privately owned treatment
works and industries (including air sources). By 2005,
evaluate progress towards this commitment and com-
mit to greater reductions where possible. Within five
years of identifying any new impacted areas or areas
at risk, achieve a 15% reduction of chemicals of con-
cern in these new areas.
s^By 2006, reduce by 40% Toxics Release Inventory
chemical releases and off-site transfers from 2001
levels from federal facilities (including air sources)
throughout the watershed, through innovative pollu-
tion prevention, effective facility management, and
sound acquisition and procurement practices.
f^ By 2006, in impacted areas and areas at risk, reduce by
50% chemicals of concern from 2001 levels from pri-
ority federal facilities. Within six years of identifying
any new impacted areas or areas at risk, achieve a 50%
reduction of chemicals of concern in these new areas.
Because chemical contaminant loads from publicly
and privately owned treatment works come from a diver-
sity of sources (such as industries and households) they
face many challenges in meeting these point source
commitments. Additionally, since the publicly and
privately owned treatment works do not report chemical
releases to the Toxics Release Inventory, it will be par-
ticularly important to quantify releases so that progress
can be tracked and releases of industries discharging to
treatment plants are not double counted. To overcome
these challenges, the publicly and privately owned treat-
ment works will:
ft^By 2002, in cooperation with the Chesapeake Bay
Program, complete an education effort and establish
partnerships with local government pretreatment and
pollution prevention programs to encourage indus-
tries and Bay watershed residents to reduce their
chemical contaminant loads to publicly and privately
owned treatment works. Relevant information defin-
ing specific sources of chemical contaminants found
in municipal wastewater will be gathered in order to
develop a target audience for outreach efforts.
ft^By 2005, in cooperation with the Chesapeake Bay
Program, quantify the historic and current release of
chemical contaminants from publicly and privately
owned treatment works and dischargers to these treat-
ment plants. Identify and fill data gaps.
ft^By 2005, in cooperation with the Chesapeake Bay
Program and the environmental community select tar-
get chemical contaminants being released from pub-
licly and privately owned treatment works, develop
reduction targets, and implement reduction activities
through pretreatment and pollution prevention part-
nership programs.
Businesses for the Bay
&*- Businesses for the Bay participants will prevent at the
source or recycle a total of one billion pounds of haz-
ardous substances between 1999 and 2005. Haz-
ardous substances include those materials listed on
the Bay Program's chemicals of concern list and
EPA's Toxics Release Inventory and Persistent Bioac-
cumulative Toxics lists; hazardous air pollutants
(HAPs); criteria air pollutants; and hazardous wastes.
&*- By 2005, Businesses for the Bay will have 1,000 par-
ticipants throughout the watershed. Of this, 50% will
be small businesses with fewer than 100 employees.
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&*- By 2005, Businesses for the Bay will have a total of 300
individuals volunteer as mentors to provide pollution
prevention assistance to those in need throughout the
watershed. These mentors will annually conduct 500
interactions with those in need of assistance.
ft^In 2005, the Pollution Prevention Workgroup will
establish new Businesses for the Bay goals through
2010, as appropriate.
Sustainable Business Development
f^ By 2002, in cooperation with the departments respon-
sible for economic development within each jurisdic-
tion develop strategies to inform and assist new
companies in the Bay watershed to strive for zero
release of chemical contaminants through pollution
prevention and other methods.
Improving Point Source Loadings Estimates
s^By 2001, in cooperation with Bay watershed point
source facilities, develop an approach for addressing
uncertainties in point source chemical contaminant
loads estimates in the 7999 Chesapeake Bay Basin-
wide Toxics Loading and Release Inventory. Specif-
ically, the Chesapeake Bay Program signatories
will work in cooperation with the point source com-
munity to:
• quantify "typical pollutant concentrations" for spe-
cific point source sectors and extrapolate loadings
to these sectors throughout the watershed.
• develop a method to account for contaminant con-
centrations in the "in-take water" (Bay/river water
used for a facility process such as cooling) to calcu-
late the net load they are discharging to the Bay.
ADDRESSING NONPOINT SOURCES
This Strategy considers nonpoint sources of chemical contaminants as agricultural and urban/suburban
stormwater runoff, atmospheric deposition, and groundwater. Although much remains to be learned about
the load of contaminants from these sources, loadings estimates reveal that some nonpoint sources such as
urban stormwater runoff can represent a substantial load of chemical contaminants to the Bay watershed.
Although nonpoint sources are subject to some regulatory controls, there are additional steps that can be
taken to further reduce and prevent chemical contaminant loads and improve loadings estimates to the Bay
and rivers from nonpoint sources.
Zero Release Objective: Through continual improvement of pollution prevention measures and
other voluntary means, strive for zero release of chemical contaminants from nonpoint sources.
/o accomplish this objective, the signatories commit to:
Program Coordination and Progress Reporting
Periodic reports of progress will ensure that our efforts
remain focused and on track.
&*- By 2000, the Chesapeake Bay Program's Implementa-
tion committee will establish a joint workgroup of the
Nutrient and Toxics Subcommittees to coordinate urban
and suburban stormwater management programs across
and within Bay Program jurisdictional boundaries to
improve water quality. Particular emphasis shall be
placed on making recommendations to federal, state,
and local nonpoint source program managers to:
integrate chemical contaminants, nutrients, and
sediment stormwater-related programs to address
the nonpoint source and development commit-
ments in the Chesapeake 2000 Bay Agreement,
prevent chemical contaminant loads from develop-
ing lands and reduce chemical contaminant loads
from developed lands,
develop tools to help local governments achieve
these voluntary commitments.
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Chemical Contaminant Reductions
In order to achieve the zero release objective, reductions in
chemical contaminant loads from developed areas and
lands that have a high potential for contributing contami-
nants must be achieved. Particular emphasis shall be
placed on achieving, by 2010, implementation of innova-
tive stormwater management technologies and pollution
prevention measures on lands where stormwater loads of
chemical contaminants are not currently managed.
s^ Between 2001 and 2005, the Bay Program jurisdic-
tions will work with local governments and other
stakeholders to develop and begin implementing
projects and programs that demonstrate reductions in
nonpoint sources of chemicals of concern from those
areas that are impacted or at risk, including federal,
state, and District lands. Specifically, implement:
• projects and programs that reduce stormwater
chemical contaminant loads through pollution pre-
vention measures, innovative site design, best man-
agement practices or other technologies.
• projects and programs that reduce the use of pesti-
cides, promote less toxic alternatives, or employ
other voluntary efforts that ultimately reduce pesti-
cide loads to the watershed.
s^ Between 2005 and 2010, evaluate the effectiveness of
these demonstration projects and programs in reducing
chemical contaminant loads, report resulting nonpoint
source loads reductions, and transfer successful pollutant
reduction measures to other areas within the watershed.
&*- By 2010, reduce nonpoint sources of chemicals of con-
cern to the Regions of Concern by at least 30%,
through implementation of pollution prevention means
and other voluntary nonpoint source programs and
through accounting of reductions achieved through
regulatory programs. By 2002 baselines will be devel-
oped for each region.
Chemical Contaminant Prevention
Particular emphasis shall be placed on achieving, by
2010, a no net increase of chemical contaminants from
developing lands by using a combination of pollution
prevention, sound landuse practices, and innovative
technological solutions.
&*- By 2005, reduce chemical contaminants at the source
by working with the development community to
develop construction materials and techniques and
landscaping designs that reduce pollution at the
source.
&*- By 2005, reduce chemical contaminants at the source
by working with land owners to prevent chemical
contaminants from being deposited on their lands as a
result of lawn care, vehicle maintenance, and other
activities.
ft^By 2010, ensure that the appropriate stormwater
management technologies are in place to offset any
residual chemical contaminant loads from newly
developed lands.
Improving Nonpoint Source Loadings Estimates
fr~ By 2002 synthesize literature on pesticide use on all
lands, loads, and impacts and make recommendations
for filling in key data gaps.
s^By 2003, Bay scientists will synthesize available
information on groundwater contributions of chemi-
cal contaminants to the Bay and its rivers.
&*- By 2004, complete initial monitoring and assessments
to determine the potential for toxic impacts from
episodic chemical contaminant loads from agricul-
tural and urban/suburban runoff on living resources.
ft^By 2005, Bay Program signatories will improve esti-
mates and reduce uncertainty of urban stormwater
runoff loads, using all available data from the
National Pollutant Discharge and Elimination System
Phase I and II stormwater programs, Total Maximum
Daily Loads development efforts, and demonstration
projects and develop methodologies to extrapolate
these loads to other watershed areas.
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CONDUCTING MONITORING, ASSESSMENTS, AND RESEARCH
While we commit to taking restoration and protection actions now with our current state of knowledge, we
also commit to improving our understanding of chemical contaminant impacts in the watershed and knowl-
edge of emerging threats. We also commit to conducting the necessary chemical and biological monitoring,
assessments, and research to measure progress towards achieving the Toxics Strategy goal.
Objective: To improve our understanding of how basinwide chemical contaminant loads and
impacts are related and to conduct the necessary monitoring, research, and assessments to
measure progress of our management actions.
/o accomplish this objective, the signatories commit to:
Assessing the Status of Toxic Impacts
on Living Resources
&*- By 2005, update the 7999 Toxics Characterization by
conducting the necessary biological and chemical
monitoring to characterize the status of chemical con-
taminant effects on living resources in those tidal
rivers characterized as Areas with Insufficient or
Inconclusive Data and in the mainstem Bay. In 2009,
update the Toxics Characterization using any data col-
lected since the previous characterization.
• By 2003, identify toxic impacts on benthic commu-
nities by analyzing concurrently-collected sediment
contaminant concentrations and benthic community
data.
• By 2004, acquire relevant chemical contaminant data
that is collected by local governments and is of
sufficient quality to aid in updating the 7999 Toxics
Characterization.
Estimating Chemical Contaminant Loads
from the Watershed
&*- By 2007, refine the 7999 Chesapeake Bay Basinwide
Toxics Loading and Release Inventory including
chemical contaminant loads from upstream sources,
agricultural runoff, urban/suburban runoff, atmos-
pheric deposition, point sources, and groundwater.
Improving Coordination and
Information Sharing
s^By 2001, in cooperation with Chesapeake Bay scien-
tists, develop and maintain a web-based clearing-
house of on-going chemical contaminant monitoring,
research, and assessments to enhance coordination
and information sharing.
&*- The Toxics Subcommittee will host regular scientific
seminars to learn about innovative and cost-effective
methods for monitoring and assessment, data inter-
pretation, and data integration.
Anticipating Emerging
Chemical Contaminant Issues
s^By 2001, review the state of knowledge regarding
the potential for animal agriculture to cause toxic
impacts on the Bay's living resources and develop
recommendations for filling in key data gaps and
implementing any necessary management actions.
s^By 2007, conduct the necessary monitoring and
assessments to determine whether aquatic-dependent
wildlife is experiencing toxic impacts in the Chesa-
peake Bay watershed, with particular emphasis in the
three Regions of Concern.
f^ Hold symposia as needed to explore the relevancy of
other regional, national, or worldwide chemical con-
taminant issues to the Chesapeake Bay watershed
(such as emerging chemicals of concern like pharma-
ceuticals) and develop additional commitments for
addressing these issues if necessary.
Reporting Progress
s^ Through 2010, continue to conduct the necessary
monitoring and assessments to evaluate progress of
eliminating toxic impacts in areas where management
actions are underway, better defining chemical con-
taminant problems in the areas at risk, and ensuring
that unimpacted areas are not getting worse.
f^ Report annually progress made towards the strategy
goal.
ft^By 2010, reevaluate and revise as necessary, the
basinwide toxics strategy.
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HOW DO WE SUSTAIN OUR PROGRESS?
In order to achieve the Toxics Strategy goal, we encourage a community-based watershed management
approach that tailors restoration, protection, prevention, and assessment actions to the needs of specific
small watersheds and to chemicals of concern (both currently and historically used) to make the best use of
limited financial and human resources. To guarantee long-term success in eliminating and preventing tox-
ics impacts in these small watersheds, it is essential that people who live, work, and play in the watershed
understand chemical contaminant issues and are actively involved in developing a plan for addressing chem-
ical contaminant problems in their watershed and ensuring that progress is made and sustained.
Objectives:
To promote a community-based watershed management approach to protecting and restoring
rivers from chemical contaminant-related problems and increase the opportunity for citizens,
watershed organizations, and decision makers to learn about chemical contaminants and their
impacts on the Bay ecosystem.
To anticipate future changes and activities on the watershed such as population growth,
expanded development, and transportation and ensure that the appropriate voluntary pollution
prevention measures are in place to sustain progress towards eliminating toxic impacts in the
watershed and to ensure that un-impacted areas are protected for future generations.
c/o accomplish this objective, the signatories commit to:
Community-based Watershed Management
s^By 2001, develop a chemical contaminant fact sheet
for citizens, watershed organizations, and decision
makers that provides more detailed information about
the issues and terms referred to in this Strategy.
with small watershed stakeholders to incorpo-
rate into locally-supported watershed management
plans actions to eliminate and prevent toxic impacts in
15 tributary watersheds by 2005 and an additional 20
by 2010 where appropriate by:
• providing relevant information and tools to public
and private stakeholders, including citizens, com-
munity-based organizations, watershed organiza-
tions, local governments, decision makers and
elected officials so that they can effectively partici-
pate in governmental meetings, watershed manage-
ment planning, and activities to address chemical
contaminant issues in their rivers.
• encouraging integrated approaches for reducing and
preventing loads of nutrients, sediment, and chemi-
cal contaminants from both point and nonpoint
sources.
• promoting protection and restoration of vital living
resource habitats such as wetlands and riparian
forest buffers that play a key role in restoring and
protecting environmental quality.
Anticipating Future Changes on the Watershed
s^ Encourage advances in zero release technologies,
innovative and cost-effective nonpoint source controls,
methods for dealing with contaminants in sediment,
and approaches for sound land use planning.
£*- Conduct the necessary assessments to measure early
warning signs of impeded progress due to changes in
land use on the watershed.
10
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ADOPTION STATEMENT
THIS STRATEGY, we rededicate ourselves to the restoration and protection of the Chesapeake Bay water-
shed. We agree to report regularly on our progress and consider any additional actions necessary.
DATE: December 2000
FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
FOR THE STATE OF MARYLAND
^fiSlsfy.
FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
FOR THE CHESAPEAKE BAY COMMISSION
UUL- ft JBL . ^
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Appendix 3 - Tributary Strategy
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Tributary Strategy Highlights for Principals' Staff Committee
Watershed Pollutant Reduction Goals
Pollutant
Nitrogen (million Ibs/yr)
Phosphorus (million Ibs/yr)
Sediment (million tons/yr)
1985 Loads
337.54
27.13
5.834
2003 Loads
275.12
19.31
5.004
Healthy
Bay Goal
175
12.8
4.15
Percentage of Total Load or Land Use in Chesapeake Bay Watershed (2003)
Pollutant
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sediment
% Land
Cover
Agriculture
40
46
63
22
Urban/Suburban
18
28
18
19
Point
Source
23
24
0
NA
Septic
4
0
0
NA
Forest
15
2
20
57
Watershed Pollution Reduction Goals
Watershed-wide, the Chesapeake Bay Program has committed to the following reduction
goals in the face of population growth:
• Reduce nitrogen loads by 100.1 million pounds per year from 2003 levels.
• Reduce phosphorus loads by 6.5 million pounds per year from 2003 levels.
• Reduce sediment loads by 0.85 million tons per year from 2003 levels.
Population Growth
• Population in the Chesapeake Bay watershed increased 19% between 1985 and
2002 (from 13.5 million people in 1985 to 16 million in 2002).
• Population is expected to increase from 16 million people today to 17 million in
2010 and 18.3 million in 2020.
Land Cover
• 57% of the watershed is forested.
• 22% of the watershed is agriculture.
• 19% of the watershed is urban/suburban.
Loads and Sources
• Agricultural land contributes the majority of nutrients (40% nitrogen, 46%
phosphorus) and sediment (63%) to the Chesapeake Bay.
• Point sources contribute 23% of the nitrogen and 24% of the phosphorus load
entering the Bay.
• Urban/suburban lands contribute 18% of the nitrogen, 28% of the phosphorus,
and 18% of the sediment load entering the Chesapeake Bay.
-------
• These loads estimates include nitrogen from the air that is deposited onto the
watershed and washed into the Bay. Water shed-wide, air pollutants comprise
anywhere between a quarter to a third of the total nitrogen load entering the
Chesapeake Bay each year.
Tributary Strategies: Examples of Urban Goals
as of July 18,2005
Watershed-wide:
• Focus areas in tributary strategies are: infiltration & filtering stormwater BMPs,
low impact development practices such as rain gardens, and urban nutrient
management to reduce excessive use of fertilizers on urban lands.
Pennsylvania
• Reduce excessive fertilizer use on
83% of urban lands.
• Implement storm water management
on 92% of urban lands with a focus on
infiltration and filtering practices.
• About 15,000 acres of forest buffers
on urban and suburban lands.
Maryland
• Up to 40% of untreated developed
land will be stormwater retrofitted.
• 100% of newly developed and
redeveloped land will address
stormwater management in
accordance with MD law.
• 100% of MD residents will reduce
excessive fertilizer use.
• 1.375 acres of urban forest buffers.
Virginia
• Reduce excessive fertilizer use on
32% of urban lands.
• Reduce storm water pollutant loads
with a focus on infiltration and
filtering practices.
• Over 170,000 acres of forest buffers
on urban and suburban lands.
West Virginia (Draft #2)
• Reduce excessive fertilizer use on at
least 42% of urban lands.
• Manage storm water on 64% of the
urban lands.
• 100% compliance with erosion and
sediment control programs.
• About 12,000 acres of forest buffers
on urban and suburban lands.
District of Columbia
• Eliminate 96% of combined sewer
overflows.
• Promote low impact development
practices to further reduce storm water
loads.
Delaware "Strawman":
Nanticoke & Broad Creek Only
• Reduce storm water pollutant loads by
increasing the use of practices that
infiltrate storm water.
New York
Under development.
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Appendix 4
Environmental Policy Statement, Chesapeake Bay Program Office
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EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Office
NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office
Environmental Policy Statement
April 22, 2004
To achieve the stewardship commitment within the Chesapeake 2000 Agreement, we will
carefully manage the environmental impacts of our activities and the facilities we use.
As businesses located in the bay watershed, we will:
Integrate Chesapeake Bay restoration goals into efforts to continually improve our own
environmental performance;
Set meaningful pollution prevention goals to reduce the environmental impacts
associated with our work ;
Maintain full compliance with environmental regulations and, to the extent possible,
federal executive orders;
Share environmental management successes with other organizations in the
Chesapeake Bay watershed to enable them more effectively to manage the
environmental impacts of their facilities and contribute to the achievement of the goals
of the Chesapeake 2000 Agreement.
Realization of our environmental goals will be achieved through a proactive management
system based on international consensus standards. We invite stakeholders within the
Chesapeake Bay watershed to comment on our environmental management initiatives by
contacting us at www.chesapeakebay.net.
Rebecca Hanmer, USEPA
Diana Esher, USEPA
Burke, USEPA
Catri Bisland, USpPA
Richard Batiuk, USEPA
Albert Todd, USDA/USFS
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Appendix 5
Chesapeake Bay Program Chemicals of Concern
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Mercury
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons
Benzo(a)pyrene Fluoranthene Acenaphthene
lndeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene Phenanthrene Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene Benzo(k)fluoranthene Acenaphthylene
Benzo(a)anthracene Fluorene Anthracene
Pyrene Chrysene 2-Methylnaphthalene
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene Naphthalene
Organophosphate Pesticides
Chlorpyrifos
Malathion
Organochlorine Pesticides
Toxaphene DDT
Dieldrin Endrin aldehyde
Endosulfan, alpha & beta DDE
Aldrin Methoxychlor
Chlordane
Other Metals
Lead Nickel Thallium
Cadmium Zinc Beryllium
Copper Chromium Arsenic
Iron Selenium Silver
Antimony
Priority Pollutants
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Dioxins/Furans
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Hexachlorobenzene
Phenol
Cyanide
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Appendix 6
Worksheet for Determining Significant Aspects (Including Chesapeake Bay-Focused Significance Criteria)
Significance Criteria
Aspect
Stormwater
Air
Emissions
Waste water
Activity
Grounds
Maintenance
Vehicle
Maintenance
Facility
Construction
Activities
Vehicle
Maintenance
Facility
Operation of
Vehicle Fleet
Vehicle
Maintenance
Facility - Septic
Main Building -
Municipal
Impacts
Release of
Pollutants:
fertilizer and
pesticides
Release of
Pollutants: oils,
grease, fuels
Release of
Sediment
Release of
Pollutants: VOCs
Release of
Pollutants: NOx,
Particulates, PAHs
Release of
Pollutants:
Nitrates
Release of
Pollutants:
Nitrates
Regulatory
Status
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
Risk: Likelihood &
Magnitude
Likelihood 3
Magnitude -\
Likelihood 1
Magnitude 3
Likelihood 3
Magnitude 2
Likelihood 3
Magnitude 2
Likelihood 3
Magnitude 1
Likelihood 3
Magnitude 1
Likelihood 2
Magnitude 2
CB Chemicals
of Concern
3
3
0
0
3
3
3
Other water
quality
impacts
3 - sediment
0
3 - sediment
0
0
0
0
Total
10
10
8
5
7
7
8
Regulatory Status:
Likelihood:
3 = regulated with history of non-compliance
1 = regulated, compliant
0 = not regulated
3 = high
2 = medium
1 = low
Chemicals of concern:
Other WQ impacts
Magnitude:
3 = yes
0 = no
3 = high
2 = medium
1 = low
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Appendix 7
Sample Chesapeake Bay Focused EMS Objectives and Targets
Aspect
Objective
Targets
Measure of Completion
Stormwater
Identify and implement lawn
maintenance that will reduce the
use of chemical fertilizers and
pesticides.
Form a workgroup and prepare a draft
lawn maintenance plan within four months
of workgroup formation. Prepare a lawn
maintenance plan that uses integrated
pest management and other techniques
to reduce the application of pesticides by
at least 20%.
Draft workplan delivered to EMS team
within four months of workgroup
formation
Implement the final lawn maintenance
plan within three months of finalization.
Plan implemented within three months of
finalization. EMS documents edited to
reflect new procedures
Nutrient loading
By 2010 ensure that fertilizer, soil
amendments and compost used
on federal lands include a
minimum of 20% poultry litter or
animal manure nutrients from
sources within the Chesapeake
Bay watershed
Identify sources of fertilizer, compost and
other soil amendments manufactured
from poultry litter and/or animal manure
from sources in the watershed. Obtain
samples for testing and confirm that the
product meets performance requirements
Report on performance of fertilizer,
compost and/or other soil amendments
within 18 months.
Perform cost benefit analysis and initiate
purchase agreements
Annual procurement plans include
procurement of fertilizer, compost and/or
soil amendments with >20% poultry litter
or animal manure nutrients from
Chesapeake Bay watershed.
Air Emissions
Reduce air emissions from
vehicle fleet usage
Convert the vehicle fleet to at least 50%
hybrid vehicles by 2008.
Annual procurement plans include hybrid
vehicle procurement.
Within three months, review vehicle
routing procedure to eliminate duplicate
routes. Report recommendations to
Operations Branch and implement
changes that will reduce miles driven.
Vehicle dispatcher provides
recommendations within three months.
Operations Branch implements
recommendations, edits procedures.
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Appendix 8
Example Goals from Toxics 2000 and Chesapeake 2000 to Consider When Setting
Objectives and Targets
LIVING RESOURCE PROTECTION AND RESTORATION C2K
Goal: Restore, enhance and protect the finfish, shellfish and other living resources, their
habitats and ecological relationships to sustain all fisheries and provide for a balanced
ecosystem.
Exotic Species
Identify and rank non-native, invasive aquatic and terrestrial species, which are
causing or have the potential to cause significant negative impacts to the Bay's
aquatic ecosystem.
Substantially reduce and, where possible, eliminate the introduction of non-native
species carried in ballast water.
Implement voluntary ballast water management programs for the waters of the
Bay and its tributaries.
VITAL HABITAT PROTECTION AND RESTORATION C2K
Goal: Preserve, protect and restore those habitats and natural areas that are vital to the
survival and diversity of the living resources of the Bay and its rivers.
Wetlands
• Achieve a no-net loss of existing wetlands acreage and function.
• By 2010, achieve a net resource gain by restoring 25,000 acres of tidal and non-
tidal wetlands.
Forests
• Meet our riparian forest buffer goal of 2,010 miles by 2010.
• Conserve existing forests along all streams and shorelines.
• Promote the expansion and connection of contiguous forests through conservation
easements, greenways, purchase and other land conservation mechanisms.
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WATER QUALITY PROTECTION AND RESTORATION
Goal: Achieve and maintain water quality necessary to support aquatic living resources of
the Bay and its tributaries.
Nutrients and Sediments C2K
• By 2010, correct the nutrient- and sediment-related problems in the Chesapeake Bay
and its tidal tributaries from the list of impaired waters under the Clean Water Act.
• Achieve and maintain the 40% nutrient reduction goal.
• Begin implementation of revised Tributary Strategies to achieve and maintain the
assigned loading goals.
Chemical Contamination C2K
• A Chesapeake Bay free of toxics by reducing or eliminating the input of chemical
contaminants from all controllable sources to levels that result in no toxic or
bioaccumulative impact on the living resources that inhabit the Bay or on human
health.
Priority Urban Waters C2K
• Support the restoration of the Anacostia River, Baltimore Harbor, and Elizabeth
River and their watersheds as models for urban river restoration in the Bay basin.
Point Sources T2K
Chemical Release Reductions
• By 2010 reduce by at least 20% the 1998 Toxics Release Inventory chemical
releases and off-site transfers for treatment and disposal from 1998 levels by
working with publicly and privately owned treatment works and industries
(including air sources) throughout the watershed. Particular emphasis shall be
placed on reducing chemicals at the source.
• By 2006, reduce by 40% Toxics Release Inventory chemical releases and off-site
transfers from 2001 levels from federal facilities (including air sources).
• By 2006, in impacted areas and areas at risk, reduce by 50% chemicals of concern
from 2001 levels from priority federal facilities.
Businesses for the Bay
• Businesses for the Bay participants will prevent at the source or recycle a total of
one billion pounds of hazardous substances between 1999 and 2005. Hazardous
substances include those materials listed on the Bay Program's chemicals of concern
list and EPA's Toxics Release Inventory and Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxics
lists; hazardous air pollutants (HAPs); criteria air pollutants; and hazardous wastes.
• By 2005, Businesses for the Bay will have a total of 300 individuals volunteer as
mentors to provide pollution prevention assistance to those in need throughout the
watershed. These mentors will annually conduct 500 interactions with those in need
of assistance.
Sustainable Business Development
• New companies in the Bay watershed strive for zero release of chemical
contaminants through pollution prevention and other methods in cooperation with
the departments responsible for economic development within each jurisdiction.
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Nonpoint Sources T2K
Chemical Contaminant Reductions
• Complementing state and federal regulatory programs to go beyond traditional point
source controls, including non-point sources such as groundwater discharge and
atmospheric deposition, by using a watershed-based approach
• Implement projects and programs that reduce storm water chemical contaminant
loads through pollution prevention measures, innovative site design, best
management practices or other technologies.
• Implement projects and programs that reduce the use of pesticides, promote less
toxic alternatives, or employ other voluntary efforts that ultimately reduce pesticide
loads to the watershed.
• Reduce nonpoint sources of chemicals to the Regions of Concern by at least 30%,
through the implementation of pollution prevention means and other voluntary
nonpoint source programs
Chemical Contaminant Prevention
• Reduce the potential risk of pesticides to the Bay by targeting education, outreach
and implementation of Integrated Pest Management and specific Best Management
Practices on those lands that have higher potential for contributing pesticide loads to
the Bay.
• Reduce chemical contaminants at the source by working with landowners to prevent
chemical contaminants from being deposited on their lands as a result of lawn care,
vehicle maintenance and other activities.
• Reduce chemical contaminants at the source by working with the development
community to develop construction materials and techniques and landscaping
designs that reduce pollution at the source.
• Ensure that the appropriate stormwater management technologies are in place to
offset any residual chemical contaminant loads from newly developed lands
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SOUND LAND USE C2K
Goal: Develop, promote and achieve sound land use practices which protect and restore
watershed resources and water quality, maintain reduced pollution loadings for the Bay
and its tributaries, and restore and preserve aquatic living resources.
Land Conservation
• Expand the use of voluntary and market-based mechanisms such as easements,
purchase or transfer of development rights or other approaches to protect and
preserve natural resource lands.
• Permanently preserve from development 20% of the land area in the watershed by
2010.
Development, Redevelopment, and Revitalization
• Reduce the rate of harmful sprawl development of forest and agricultural land in
the Chesapeake Bay watershed by 30 percent measured as an average over five
years from the baseline of 1992-1997
• Promote redevelopment and remove barriers to investment in underutilized urban,
suburban and rural communities by working with localities and development
interests.
• Encourage the development and implementation of emerging urban storm water
retrofit practices to improve their water quality and quality function.
Transportation
• Promote the coordination of transportation and land use planning to encourage
compact, mixed use development patterns, revitalization in existing communities
and transportation strategies that minimize adverse effects on the Bay and its
tributaries.
• Reduce the dependence on automobiles by incorporating travel alternatives such
as telework, pedestrian, bicycle, and transit options.
• Opportunities to purchase easements to preserve resource lands adjacent to rights
of way and special efforts for stormwater management on both new and
rehabilitation projects.
• Encourage the use of clean vehicle and other transportation technologies that
reduce emissions.
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STEWARDSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT C2K
Goal: Promote individual stewardship and assist individuals, community- based
organizations, businesses, local governments, and schools.
Education and Outreach
• Make education and outreach a priority to achieve public awareness and personal
involvement on behalf of the Bay and local watersheds.
• Provide information to enhance the ability of citizens and community groups to
participate in Bay restoration activities on their property and in their local
watershed.
• Provide students and teachers alike with opportunities to directly participate in
local restoration and protection projects, and to support stewardship efforts in
schools and on school property.
• Highlight cultural and historical ties to the Bay, and provide multi-cultural and
multi-lingual educational materials on stewardship activities and Bay information.
Community Engagement
• Identify small watersheds where community-based actions are essential to
meeting Bay restoration goals-in particular wetlands, forests buffers, stream
corridors, and public access.
• Identify community watershed organizations and partnerships. Assist in
establishing new organizations and partnerships where interest exists.
Government by Example
• Expand the use of clean vehicles technologies and fuels on the basis of emission
reductions, so that a significantly greater percentage of each signatory
government's fleet of vehicles use some form of clean technology.
• Address stormwater management to control nutrient, sediment, and chemical
contaminant runoff from state, federal and District owned land.
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Appendix 9
Environmental Management Program Form
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Environmental Management Program Form
Significant Environmental Aspect: Document
Waste Generation Control Code: ESC EMS-11.00
Date: August 29, 2002
1. Objective(s):
a. To maintain compliance with Federal, State and local regulations concerning waste disposal.
b. To maintain, follow and practice the emergency preparedness, spill response and
containment procedures as specified in the ESC Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP), Spill
Prevention, Control and Countermeasures Plan (SPCC) and Occupant Emergency Plan
(OEP).
c. To perform root cause analysis of waste release (e.g., spills) incidents to find opportunities to
prevent future releases within 30 days.
d. To gather and evaluate baseline data on the amount and types of hazardous and non-
hazardous wastes generated, recycled and/or disposed of, then develop strategies (if possible
or feasible) to reduce the amount of waste generated and/or disposed of, or increase the
amount of waste recycled and/or reused.
e. Maintain and promote the awareness and involvement of ESC employees to specific
facility/laboratory opportunities that have been identified to reduce the generation of wastes,
or increase the amount of wastes recycled and/or reused.
2. Target(s):
a. 100% compliance with all waste disposal regulations.
b. To perform annual updates, quarterly drills with no deviations from the CHP, SPCC, and
OEP.
c. Complete root cause analyses of waste releases (e.g., spills) and provide strategies to prevent
future releases within 30 days.
d. Determine base amounts for recycled materials, hazardous wastes and non-hazardous wastes
generated and disposed of by the facility, within 6 months of initial meeting between EMS
Team and EMP Workgroup. Determine whether opportunities exist to reduce facility wastes
(both hazardous and non-hazardous wastes) by employing source reduction, substitution,
recycling and reuse, then develop strategies (if possible or feasible) to reduce
facility/laboratory waste generation, within 6 months of baseline data accumulation.
e. Increase awareness and involvement of ESC staff regarding their impacts related to waste
generation through activities such as training courses, holding brown-bag lunches, reports to
the ESC Board, e-mail notifications, and posting information.
3. Reason for Significance:
a. Appears on the ESC High Significance Report
b. Legal and other requirements.
c. Existing program.
4. Potential Environmental Impacts:
a. Release of pollutants
J:\Environmental Management System\EMP Foims\EMP Waste Generiion.wpd Page 1 of 19
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Environmental Management Program Form
5. Specific Legal and Other Requirements:
a. OSHA, 29 CFR Part 1910 Occupational and Health Safety Standards
" 1910.120 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response. Cleanup, corrective
actions, voluntary cleanup, TSD facilities, emergency response
" 1910.134 Respiratory Protection Standard. Protective equipment, including personal
protective equipment for eyes, face, head, and extremities, protective clothing, respiratory
devices, and protective shields and barriers, must be provided wherever it is necessary by
reason of hazards of processes or environment, chemical hazards, radiological hazards, or
mechanical irritants encountered
b. EPA, 40 CFR Part 243, RCRA, Guidelines for the Storage and Collection of Residential,
Commercial, and Institutional Solid Waste
c. EPA, 40 CFR Part 246, RCRA, Source Separation for Materials Recovery Guidelines
" 246.200: High-grade paper generated by office facilities of over 100 office workers must be
separated at the source of generation, separately collected, and sold for the purpose of
recycling.
d. EPA, 40 CFR Part 260, RCRA, Hazardous Waste Management System: General
" Provides definitions of terms, general standards, and overview information applicable to
parts 260 through 265 and 268
e. EPA, 40 CFR Part 261, RCRA, Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste
" Identifies those solid wastes which are subject to regulation as hazardous wastes under parts
262 through 265, 268, and parts 270, 271, and 124 of this chapter and which are subject to
the notification requirements of section 3010 of RCRA
f. EPA, 40 CFR Part 262, RCRA, Standards Applicable to Generators of Hazardous Waste
" 262.10(c) A generator who treats, stores, or disposes of hazardous waste on-site must only
comply with the following sections of this part with respect to that waste: Section 262.11 for
determining whether or not he has a hazardous waste, §262.12 for obtaining an EPA
identification number, §262.34 for accumulation of hazardous waste, §262.40 (c) and (d) for
recordkeeping, 262.43 for additional reporting additional reporting.
g. EPA, 40 CFR Part 266, RCRA, Standards for the Management of Specific Hazardous Wastes
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Environmental Management Program Form
and Specific Types of Hazardous Waste Facilities
" Products produced for the general public s use that are used in a manner that constitutes
disposal and that contain recyclable materials are not presently subject to regulation
h. EPA, 40 CFR Part 268, RCRA, Land Disposal Restrictions
" identifies hazardous wastes that are restricted from land disposal and defines those limited
circumstances under which an otherwise prohibited waste may continue to be land disposed
i. EPA, 40 CFR Part 270, RCRA, General Application Permit Requirements
" basic EPA permitting requirements, such as application requirements, standard permit
conditions, and monitoring and reporting requirements
j. EPA, 40 CFR Part 273, RCRA, Standards for Universal Waste Management
" 273.1 (a) Requirements for managing batteries, pesticides, thermostats, and lamps
k. EPA, 40 CFR Part 761, TSCA, Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Manufacturing, Processing,
Distribution in Commerce, and Use Prohibitions
" Subpart A, General Establishes prohibitions of, and requirements for, the manufacture,
processing, distribution in commerce, use, disposal, storage, and marking of PCBs and PCB
Items
" Subpart B, Manufacturing, Processing, Distribution in Commerce, and Use Prohibitions
761.35 Storage for Reuse
" Subpart C, Marking of PCBs and PCB items
761.40 Marking Requirements
761.45 Marking Formats
" Subpart D, Disposal Requirements
761.50 Applicability
761.60 Disposal Requirements
761.61 PCB Remediation Waste
761.64 PCB Disposal of wastes generated as a result of research and
development activities authorized under 761.30(j) and chemical analysis of
PCBs
761.65 PCB Storage for Disposal
761.79 PCB Decontamination Standards and Procedures
" Subpart G, PCB Spill Cleanup Policy
761.125 Requirements for PCB Spill Cleanup. Reporting, disposal, and
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precleanup requirements apply to all spill of PCBs at concentrations 50 ppm or
greater which are subject to TSCA decontamination requirements
761.205 Notification of PCB Waste Activity
" Subpart J, General Records and Reports
" Subpart K, PCB Waste Disposal Records and Reports
1. 49 CFR 172.101, Purpose and Use of Hazardous Materials Table
" Hazardous Materials Table designates the materials listed as hazardous materials for
transportation. For each listed material, the table identifies the hazard class or specifies that
the material is forbidden in transportation, and gives the proper shipping name or directs the
user to the preferred proper shipping name. In addition, the Table specifies or references
requirements for labeling, packaging, quantity limits aboard aircraft and vessels.
m. COMAR26.13. Disposal of Controlled Hazardous Substances
" 26.13.02. Identification and Listing Of Hazardous Waste. Contaminated soils and other
solids recovered from spills or removed from old disposal sites containing PCB at
concentrations of less than 50 ppm shall be disposed of at approved sites only if they do not
otherwise qualify as a hazardous waste under this regulation.
" 26.13.02. Hazardous waste includes any residue or contaminated soil, water, or other debris
resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into or on any land or water, of any commercial
chemical product or manufacturing chemical product or manufacturing chemical
intermediate or mixtures containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at concentrations
greater than 50 ppm. The hazardous waste number for these mixtures is MX 01.
" 26.13.03. Standards Applicable to Generators of Hazardous Waste. Accumulated hazardous
wastes are subject to regulation under COMAR 26.13.03-26.13.07 and 26.13.10 and the
applicable notification requirements of §3010 of RCRA.
" 26.13.05.D3. Special Requirements for Hazardous Waste Generated by Small Quantity
Generators. In order for hazardous waste to be excluded from regulation under this chapter,
the generator may not accumulate on site at any time acute hazardous wastes in quantities
greater than 1 kilogram or more than a total of 100 kilograms of any hazardous waste not
otherwise regulated under §D(3)(a) of this regulation.
" 26.13.03.05E. If <500 kg of hazardous waste and <1 kg acute hazardous waste is
accumulated on site, then the waste may be accumulated for 180 days.
n. Executive Order 13101, Greening the Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and
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Federal Acquisition
" Section 101, 102, 401. Prevent pollution whenever feasible; acquire environmentally
preferable products. Consider the following factors in acquisition planning: use of biobased
products; use of recovered materials; reuse of product; life cycle cost; recyclability; use of
environmentally preferable products; waste prevention (including toxicity reduction or
elimination); and ultimate disposal.
" Section 402. Affirmative Procurement Programs. Develop and implement affirmative
procurement programs. Agencies shall ensure that their affirmative procurement programs
require 100 percent of their purchases of products to meet or exceed the EPA guideline
unless written justification is provided that a product is not available competitively within a
reasonable time frame, does not meet appropriate performance standards, or is only available
at an unreasonable price.
" Section 502(c). Designation of Items That Contain Recovered Materials (CPG). Once items
containing recovered materials have been designated by the EPA in the Comprehensive
Procurement Guidelines, agencies shall modify their affirmative procurement programs to
require that, to the maximum extent practicable, their purchases of products meet or exceed
the EPA guidelines.
" Section 505. Minimum Content Standard for Printing and Writing Paper. Agencies shall
meet or exceed the following minimum materials content standards when purchasing or
causing the purchase of printing and writing paper: (a) For high speed copier paper, offset
paper, forms bond, computer printout paper, carbonless paper, file folders, white wove
envelopes, writing and office paper, book paper, cotton fiber paper, and cover stock, the
minimum content standard shall be no less than 30 percent postconsumer materials
beginning December 31,1998.
" Section 601(a)(2). In addition to white paper, mixed paper/cardboard, aluminum, plastic, and
glass, agencies should incorporate into their recycling programs efforts to recycle, reuse, or
refurbish pallets and collect toner cartridges for remanufacturing. Agencies should also
include programs to reduce or recycle, as appropriate, batteries, scrap metal, and fluorescent
lamps and ballasts.
" Section 705. Recycling Programs. Each agency shall initiate a program to promote cost-
effective waste prevention and recycling of reusable materials in all of its facilities.
Designate a recycling coordinator for each facility.
o. Executive Order 13148, Greening of the Government Through Leadership in Environmental
Management.
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Section 204. Release Reduction: Toxic Chemicals. Each agency shall reduce its reported
Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) releases and off-site transfers of toxic chemicals for treatment
and disposal by 10 percent annually, or by 40 percent overall by December 31, 2006.
Section 205. Use Reduction: Toxic Chemicals and Hazardous Substances and Other
Pollutants. Each agency shall reduce its use of selected toxic chemicals, hazardous
substances, and pollutants, or its generation of hazardous and radioactive waste types at its
facilities by 50 percent by December 31, 2006.
Section 304. Pollution Prevention Return-on-Investment Programs. Each agency shall
develop and implement a pollution prevention program at its facilities that compares the life
cycle costs of treatment and/or disposal of waste and pollutant streams to the life cycle costs
of alternatives that eliminate or reduce toxic chemicals or pollutants at the source. Each
agency shall implement those projects that are life- cycle cost-effective, or otherwise offer
substantial environmental or economic benefits.
Section 305(b). Policies, Strategies, and Plans. By March 31, 2002, each agency shall ensure
that its facilities develop a written plan that sets forth the facility's contribution to the goals
and requirements established in this order. The plan should reflect the size and complexity of
the facility. Where pollution prevention plans or other formal environmental planning
instruments have been prepared for agency facilities, an agency may elect to update those
plans to meet the requirements and goals of this section.
Section 307. Annual Reports. Each agency shall submit an annual progress report to the
Administrator on implementation of this order. The reports shall include a description of the
progress that the agency has made in complying with all aspects of this order, including, but
not limited to, progress in achieving the reduction goals in sections 502, 503, and 505 of this
order.
Section 402. Facility Compliance Audits. Within 12 months of the date of this order, each
agency with an established regulatory environmental compliance audit program may elect to
conduct EMS audits in lieu of regulatory compliance audits at selected facilities within
6 months of development of EMS program.
Section 501. Toxics Release Inventory/Pollution Prevention Act Reporting, (a) Each agency
shall comply with the provisions set forth in section 313 of EPCRA, section 6607 of
Pollution Prevention Act, all implementing regulations, and future amendments to these
authorities, in light of applicable EPA guidance.
Section 502. Release Reduction: Toxic Chemicals, (a) Beginning with reporting for calendar
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year 2001 activities, each agency reporting under section 501 of this order shall adopt a goal
of reducing, where cost effective, the agency s total releases of toxic chemicals to the
environment and off-site transfers of such chemicals for treatment and disposal by at least 10
percent annually, or by 40 percent overall by December 31, 2006.
Section 503. Use Reduction: Toxic Chemicals, Hazardous Substances, and Other Pollutants.
To attain the goals of section 205 of this order: (a) Within 18 months of the date of this
order, each agency with facilities shall develop and support goals to reduce the use at such
agencies' facilities of the priority chemicals on the list under subsection (b) of this section
for identified applications and purposes, or alternative chemicals and pollutants the agency
identifies under subsection (c) of this section, by at least 50 percent by December 31, 2006.
6. Performance Indicators:
a. No regulatory findings for waste generation being listed on any internal or external
compliance inspection report.
b. Annual review of CHP, SPCC, OEP, training records of employees and inventories of
materials and supplies for spill cleanup and containment. Quarterly evacuation drills and
biennial mock spill response exercises with Fire Department Haz-Mat teams.
c. All root cause analyses of waste releases (e.g., spills) and provide strategies to prevent future
releases completed within 30 days.
d. Final report containing baseline amounts for recycled materials, hazardous wastes and non-
hazardous wastes generated and disposed of by the facility, within 6 months of initial
meeting between EMS Team and EMP Workgroup.
e. Final report containing opportunities identified to reduce facility hazardous and non-
hazardous wastes (by employing source reduction, substitution, recycling and reuse) and
potential strategies (if possible or feasible) to reduce facility/laboratory waste generation,
within 6 months of baseline data accumulation.
f Documentation of training sessions, brown bag lunches, etc. being conducted within one year
of finalizing the baseline within one year of baseline data accumulation.
7. Program Description:
The Environmental Science Center (ESC) is a consolidated facility housing offices and extensive
chemical and microbiological laboratories from several different EPA organizations. The office
activities result in the generation of non-hazardous solid wastes, while the laboratory activities
result in the generation of diverse chemical and microbiological wastes of varying quantities and
toxicities, as well as additional non-hazardous solid wastes. The ESC, classified as a large
quantity generator by the State of Maryland, is allowed to accumulate hazardous waste on site
for no more than 90 days and can generate more than 1 kg of acutely hazardous waste or more
than 100 kg of hazardous waste per month. The ESC s Safety, Health and Environmental
Management (SHEM) Manager is also the facility s Hazardous Waste Manager, who along with
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the ESC Waste Committee, develops waste disposal policy and procedures for the ESC that are
in accordance with all Federal, State, County and Fort Meade requirements for all aspects of
facility waste generation, storage and disposal. The ESC Waste Committee normally meets once
every two weeks (usually on the first and third Thursday of the month) and is composed of at
least one representative from each of the major organizations within the ESC. The Waste
Committee is chaired by the ESC SHEM Manager, who also is the Project Officer for the
facility s hazardous waste removal contract. Most non-hazardous wastes, and all standard solid
wastes, are removed from the facility by the Fort Meade Directorate of Public Works, under the
supervision of the ESC Facility Manager.
Although the ESC has only one EPARCRA generator ID number (MDR000000984), the facility
has two separate 90-day hazardous waste storage areas. One of the 90-day hazardous waste
storage areas (room Jl 18) is used solely for the storage of hazardous waste generated by the
Region IE laboratory and field operations, while the other 90-day storage area (room D123) is
used solely for the storage of hazardous wastes generated by the Office of Pesticide Programs
laboratories. Both of these 90-day hazardous waste storage areas have access restricted to only
the ESC SHEM Manager, selected organizational Waste Coordinators and the ESC Facility
Manager. Hazardous waste removal from the ESC is structured in such a way as to require
monthly hazardous waste pick-ups from the facility. The monthly hazardous waste pickups are
performed on an alternating basis between the two 90-day hazardous waste storage areas in the
facility, i.e., one month Region III, the next month OPP, the following month Region in again
and so forth. By establishing this monthly alternating schedule, the ESC only allows about 60-70
days for the accumulation of hazardous wastes between actual waste pick-ups from either of the
90-day hazardous waste storage rooms (Jl 18 & D123).
The ESC Facility Manager also manages the facility recycling program. Currently, paper,
aluminum, glass, cardboard, wooden pallets and some plastics are collected and recycled through
the Fort Meade Directorate of Public Works programs. Additional information on the waste
generation program or specific waste removal procedures for the ESC can be found in the
facility s Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP), Occupant Emergency Plan (OEP), Spill Prevention,
Control and Countermeasures Plan (SPCC), the waste removal contract statement of work
(SOW), the janitorial services contract SOW, or the Interagency Service Agreement between
EPA and Fort Meade.
8. Operation Control: (See Operational Controls Form, separate page)
9. Budget (Resources):
Targets a, b:
SHEM Manager
Organizational Waste Coordinators
Facility / Asst. Facility Manager
Laboratory Staff
Waste Disposal Contract - $90K/yr
(25%)
(5.0%)
(2.5%)
(2.0%)
500 hours/year
100 hours/year
50 hours/year
40 hours/year
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10. Structure, Authorities, Responsibilities
Tasks
Responsible Person/Group
a. Regulatory Review and Regulatory Updates
b. Hazardous Waste (HW) Management
c. Non-hazardous / Solid Waste Management
d. Recycling Program Management
e. Annual CHP, SPCC, OEP revisions
f. Emergency Preparedness and Response
Programs
g. Waste Committee Meetings
h. Record Keeping
i. Removal of Hazardous Wastes
Spill Reporting:
a. Identify and report a spill of hazardous
material
b. Secure immediate spill area
c. Upon notification of a spill or release,
determine if evacuation is necessary, notify
appropriate emergency services, coordinate
spill clean-up, external reporting
d. Increase awareness and involvement of ESC
staff regarding their impacts related to waste
generation
a. SHEM Manager
b. SHEM Manager, Waste Coordinators,
Laboratory Staff, HW Removal
Contractors
c. Facility Manager & Asst. Facility Manager
d. Facility Manager & Asst. Facility Manager
e. SHEM Manager
f. SHEM Manager
g. SHEM Manager, Waste Coordinators
h. SHEM Manager, Facility Manager
i. HW Removal Contractors
a. Occupants/ Employee
b. ESC Security
c. SHEM Manager / Facility Manager
d. EMS Coordinator/EMS Team
11. Record(s):
a. Hazardous waste manifests
b. DOT Drum Inventory Forms
c. Certificates of Disposal / Treatment
d. Contract Invoices / EPA Receiving Reports
e. Waste Committee Meeting Minutes
Person Responsible and Record Location:
J-
Accumulation Area Logbooks
Waste Profiles
Contractor Field Report Forms
Restricted Waste Notification & Certification
Forms (Land Ban forms)
Non-Hazardous Waste Manifests
a. SHEM Manager
b. SHEM Manager
c. SHEM Manager
d. SHEM Manager
e. SHEM Manager
f. SHEM Manager
g. SHEM Manager
h. SHEM Manager
i. SHEM Manager
j. SHEM Manager
A123
A123
A123
A123
A123
local area network
A123,D123,J118
A123
A123
A123
A123
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k. PCB Waste Logbook & Tracking Forms
1. Biennial Waste Report to the State of MD
m. Internal/external inspection reports
n. Accumulation area inspection logbooks
o. Records of awareness activities performed
(training course sign-up sheets, brown-bag
lunch announcements, e-mails that raise
awareness)
p. Inventory of recycled materials, including
aluminum cans, glass bottles (clear and
brown), batteries, wood pallets, paper, and
cardboard
q. Training records
r. Pesticide usage report
k. SHEM Manager
1. SHEM Manager
m. SHEM Manager
n. SHEM Manager
o. EMS Coordinator
A123
A123, A118
A123
D123, J118
A236
p. Asst. Facility Manager A132
q. SHEM Manager
r. Facility Manager
A123
A125
12. Document(s):
Person Responsible and Record Location:
a. Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP)
b. Occupant Emergency Plan (OEP)
c. Spill Prevention, Controls and
Countermeasures (SPCC) Plan
d. Regulatory Permits (RCRA ID and TSCA /
PCB Notification)
e. Janitorial contract, statement of work, and
work orders
f. Grounds maintenance contract
g. Hazardous waste removal contract, statement
of work, and work orders
h. Ft. Meade Interagency Service Agreement
i. Waste handling procedures, SOPs, flow charts
j. Department of the Army Permit to Other
Federal Government Department or Agency to
Use Property Located on Fort George G.
Meade Military Reservation
k. Bell Operator and Maintenance Manuals
1. Consent decree
m. Integrated Pest Management
n. Final Installation Pesticide Management Plan
for Ft. George G. Meade
o. SOPs for EPA Science Center
p. OM&R Annual Work Plan
a. SHEM Manager
b. SHEM Manager
c. SHEM Manager
d. Facility Manager
SHEM Manager
e. Facility Manager
f. Facility Manager
g. SHEM Manager
h. Facility Manager
i. SHEM Manager
j. Facility Manager
A123
Local area network
A123
A123
A136
A123
A125
A125
A123
A125
A123
A125
k. Facility Manager All8
1. Facility Manager A125
m. Facility Manager A125
n. Facility Manager A125
o. OM&R Contractor A137
p. Facility Manager A125
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13. Competence of persons responsible on basis of training, education or experience:
Title:
a. SHEM Manager
b. Facility Manager
c. Hazardous Waste Contractor
d. Janitorial Contractor
e. Organizational Waste Coordinators
Competence:
a. Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position,
supervisory controls, guidelines,
complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment
b. Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position,
supervisory controls, guidelines,
complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment
c. Factors in Contract SOW describe
knowledge required by the position,
supervisory controls, guidelines,
complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment
d. Factors in Contract SOW describe
knowledge required by the position,
supervisory controls, guidelines,
complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment
e. Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position,
supervisory controls, guidelines,
complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment
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Operational Controls Form
Significant Environmental Aspect:
Waste Generation
Document Control Code: ESC EMP-11.00
1. Activity Group: Hazardous Waste Disposal
2. Activities (and corresponding written controls, where applicable):
a. Hazardous waste management (CHP Section 13)
b. Calibration and maintenance of lab equipment (Bell Operation and Maintenance Manuals,
OM&R Annual Work Plan, SOPs for EPA Science Center)
c. Change oil in pumps
d. Sample/ sample container disposal (CHP section 10.1, 13.3)
e. Use of pesticides outside (Grounds maintenance contract)
f Use of solvents (CHP sections 10.1, 10.2, 10.6 through 10.12 and respective analytical
SOPs)
g. Facility operation and maintenance (OM&R Annual Work Plan, SOPs for EPA Science
Center)
h. Operation and maintenance of heating/air conditioning (refrigerants)
i. Safety practices/program (PPE, spill clean up, safety showers)
j. Sample collection in field
3. Operational Controls such as technological, operational, procedural (and corresponding
written controls, where applicable):
a. Hazardous waste disposal procedures (Chemical Hygiene Plan sections 10.13, 10.14, 13)
b. Hazardous waste contract requirements (Statement of work in hazardous waste contract)
c. Use of satellite accumulation areas
d. Restricted access 90-day accumulation areas
e. Secondary containment required for all hazardous materials (Chemical Hygiene Plan section
13)
f. Waste committee meetings and procedures (Chemical Hygiene Plan section 13.1)
g. Annual internal inspection by Region in SHEM Managers
h. Triennial external inspection by EPA HQ (SHEMD)
i. Annual laboratory safety refresher training
j. Applicator reports EPA registration number of chemical, amount, and location applied
(Pesticide usage report)
k. Pesticide/herbicide/fertilizer applications must be reported per consent decrees (MOU
between U.S. EPA and U.S. DOD with respect to Integrated Pest Management (3/1996),
Final Installation Pesticide Management Plan for Ft. George G. Meade (12/2000))
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4. Maintenance plan(s) for the operational controls:
a. Review procedures and contract deliverables periodically
b. Weekly inspections of accumulation areas
c. Review of inspection reports and audit findings by ESC personnel and R3 and HQ staff
d. Investigate spill or hazardous material incidents to prevent & institute new procedures
e. Review training records periodically
5. Actions to be taken if controls fail:
a. Investigate and install additional controls
b. Provide retraining as necessary
c. SHEM Manager implements corrective action changes through Waste Committee and
organizational management components
d. Appropriate communications to effected ESC Staff
6. Record(s):
a. Hazardous waste manifests
b. DOT Drum Inventory Forms
c. Certificates of Disposal / Treatment
d. Contract Invoices / EPA Receiving
Reports
e. Waste Committee Meeting Minutes
f. Accumulation Area Logbooks
g. Waste Profiles
h. Contractor Field Report Forms
i. Restricted Waste Notification &
Certification Forms (Land Ban forms)
j. PCB Waste Logbook & Tracking Forms
k. Biennial Waste Report to the State of
Maryland
1. Internal/external inspection reports
m. Accumulation area inspection logbooks
n. Records of awareness activities
performed (training course sign-up
sheets, brown-bag lunch announcements,
e-mails that raise awareness)
o. Training records
p. Pesticide usage report
Person Responsible and Record Location:
a. SHEM Manager A123
b. SHEM Manager A123
c. SHEM Manager A123
d. SHEM Manager A123
f.
SHEM Manager
SHEM Manager
g. SHEM Manager
h. SHEM Manager
i. SHEM Manager
j. SHEM Manager
k. SHEM Manager
1. SHEM Manager
m. SHEM Manager
n. EMS Coordinator
o. SHEM Manager
p. Facility Manager
A123
local area network
A123,D123, J118
A123
A123
A123
A123
A123, A118
A123
D123, J118
A236
A123
A125
7. Responsibilities: (a. to ensure controls are in place; b. to ensure controls keep working; c. to
take action when controls fail; d. to create and keep records relative to operational controls)
Title
Responsibility
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Operational Controls Form
a. SHEM Manager
b. Facility Manager
c. Hazardous Waste Removal Contractor
d. Janitorial Contractor
e. Organizational Waste Coordinators
f. Laboratory Staff
g. Organizational Management
a. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Maintains relevant records. Investigates and
precipitates corrective actions when controls fail.
b. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Maintains relevant records. Investigates and
precipitates corrective actions when controls fail.
c. Packages, transports and disposes of hazardous
wastes in accordance with the contract
specifications and applicable regulations.
d. Packages, transports and disposes of solid wastes
in accordance with the contract specifications and
applicable regulations.
e. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Maintains relevant records. Investigates and
precipitates corrective actions when controls fail.
f. Follow all applicable controls, procedures and
practices for handling and disposing of hazardous
wastes.
g. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Participates in investigations and corrective
actions when controls fail. Responsible to ensure
that all other responsibilities are being fully met.
8. Competence of operators on the basis of training, education or experience:
Title
Competence
a. SHEM Manager
Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position, supervisory
controls, guidelines, complexity, scope and effect,
personal contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment.
Attendance at annual national EPA SHEM
Conferences
Networking with other SHEM Managers
CFR updates
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b. Facility Manager
c. Hazardous Waste Removal Contractor
d. Janitorial Contractor
e. Organizational Waste Coordinators /
Laboratory Staff
EPA Headquarters updates & correspondences
EPA, DOD and private regulatory publications
Regulatory E-mail updates
Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position, supervisory
controls, guidelines, complexity, scope and effect,
personal contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment.
Attendance at annual national EPA Facility
Manager Conferences
Networking with other Facility Managers
CFR updates
EPA Headquarters updates & correspondences
Regulatory E-mail updates
Factors in Contract SOW describe knowledge
required by the position, supervisory controls,
guidelines, complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical demands
and work environment.
Factors in Contract SOW describe knowledge
required by the position, supervisory controls,
guidelines, complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical demands
and work environment.
Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position, supervisory
controls, guidelines, complexity, scope and effect,
personal contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment.
Attendance at annual training courses
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Operational Controls Form
Significant Environmental Aspect:
Waste Generation
Document Control Code: ESC EMP-11.00
1. Activity Group: Non-hazardous Waste Disposal, see also EMP for Paper Consumption
2. Activities (and corresponding written controls, where applicable):
a. Analysis of Samples/Preparation (Chemical Hygiene Plan sections 10.13, 10.14, and 13)
b. Calibration and maintenance of lab equipment (Bell Operation and Maintenance Manuals,
OM&R Annual Work Plan, SOPs for EPA Science Center)
c. Changing oil in pumps
d. Construction
e. Lab neutralization usage (Bell Operation and Maintenance Manuals, OM&R Annual Work
Plan, SOPs for EPA Science Center tab 9)
f Manage nonhazardous waste (Janitorial contract statement of work)
g. Sample/Sample Container Disposal (CHP section 10.1, 13.3.3))
h. Use of pesticides outside (Grounds maintenance contract/subcontract statement of work)
i. Use of Solvents (Chemical Hygiene Plan sections 10.1, 10.2, 10.6 through 10.12 and
respective analytical SOP)
j. Charging, Discharging, and Maintaining 25,000 Gallon Fuel Tank (SOPs for EPA Science
Center, Tab 8; SPCC Appendix D)
k. Eating in lunchroom/food preparation
1. Facility cleaning (cleaning products and equipment)
m. Facility maintenance and operation
n. Handling, Storage, and Use of Biological Agents (Chemical Hygiene Plan section 11.0)
o. Maintenance of government owned vehicles and boats, including mobile lab
p. Operation and maintenance of heating/air conditioning (refrigerants)
q. Safety Practices/Program such as PPE, spill clean up, safety showers (Chemical Hygiene
Plan; Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures Plan; and Occupant Emergency Plan)
r. Sample collection in field
s. Use of autoclaves, dishwashers, in-house laboratory analytical and safety & health
instrumentation
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3. Operational Controls such as technological, operational, procedural (and corresponding
written controls, where applicable):
a. Solid waste disposal procedures and contract requirements (Interagency Service Agreement)
b. Recycle bins for paper, aluminum, glass and some plastics placed in strategic areas
c. Inspection of recycled materials
d. Waste committee meetings and procedures
e. Annual internal inspection by Region in SHEM Managers
f. Triennial external inspection by EPA Headquarters (SHEMD)
g. Annual laboratory safety training
h. Pesticide/herbicide/fertilizer applications must be reported per consent decrees (MOU
between U.S. EPA and U.S. DOD with respect to Integrated Pest Management (3/1996),
Final Installation Pesticide Management Plan for Ft. George G. Meade (12/2000))
i. Storm drain system and catch basin are designed to contain an uncontrolled spill. (Annual
Facility Inspection Checklist in SPCC Appendix D)
j. Applicator reports EPA registration number of chemical, amount, and location applied
(Pesticide usage report)
4. Maintenance plan(s) for the operational controls:
a. Review procedures and contract deliverables periodically
b. Review of inspection reports and audit findings by ESC personnel and R3 and HQ staff.
c. Investigate incidents to prevent & institute new procedures
d. Review training records periodically
e. Periodic reminders to staff about recycling and solid waste program
5. Actions to be taken if controls fail:
a. Investigate and install additional controls
b. Provide retraining as necessary
c. SHEM Manager implements corrective action changes through Waste Committee, Facility
Manager and organizational management components
d. Appropriate communications to affected ESC staff
6. Record(s):
Waste Committee Meeting Minutes
a.
b. Contract invoices / EPA receiving reports
c. Non-Hazardous Waste Manifests
d. Internal/external inspection reports
e. Records of awareness activities
performed (training course sign-up
sheets, brown-bag lunch announcements,
Person Responsible and Record Location:
a. SHEM Manager A123
local area network
b. SHEM Manager A123
c. SHEM Manager A123
d. SHEM Manager
e. EMS Coordinator
A123
A236
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e-mails that raise awareness)
Inventory of recycled materials, including
aluminum cans, glass bottles (clear and
brown), batteries, wood pallets, paper,
and cardboard
Pesticide usage report
f. Assistant Facility Manager A132
g. Facility Manager A125
7. Responsibilities: (a. to ensure controls are in place; b. to ensure controls keep working; c. to
take action when controls fail; d. to create and keep records relative to operational controls)
Title
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
8.
SHEM Manager
Facility Manager
Janitorial Contractor
Organizational Waste Coordinators
Laboratory Staff
Organizational Management
Responsibility
a. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Maintains relevant records. Investigates and
precipitates corrective actions when controls fail.
b. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Maintains relevant records. Investigates and
precipitates corrective actions when controls fail.
c. Packages, transports and disposes of solid wastes
in accordance with the contract specifications and
applicable regulations.
d. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Maintains relevant records. Investigates and
precipitates corrective actions when controls fail.
e. Follow all applicable controls, procedures and
practices for handling and disposing of solid
wastes.
f. Ensures controls are in place and working.
Participates in investigations and corrective
actions when controls fail. Responsible to ensure
that all other responsibilities are being fully met.
Competence of operators on the basis of training, education or experience:
Title
a.
SHEM Manager
Competence
" Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position, supervisory
controls, guidelines, complexity, scope and effect,
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b. Facility Manager
c. Hazardous Waste Removal Contractor
d. Janitorial Contractor
e. Organizational Waste Coordinators/
Laboratory Staff
personal contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment.
Attendance at annual national EPA SHEM
Conferences
Networking with other SHEM Managers
CFR updates
EPA Headquarters updates & correspondences
EPA, DOD and private regulatory publications
Regulatory E-mail updates
Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position, supervisory
controls, guidelines, complexity, scope and effect,
personal contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment.
Attendance at annual national EPA Facility
Manager Conferences
Networking with other Facility Managers
CFR updates
EPA Headquarters updates & correspondences
Regulatory E-mail updates
Factors in Contract SOW describe knowledge
required by the position, supervisory controls,
guidelines, complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical demands
and work environment.
Factors in Contract SOW describe knowledge
required by the position, supervisory controls,
guidelines, complexity, scope and effect, personal
contacts, purpose of contacts, physical demands
and work environment.
Factors in Position Description describe
knowledge required by the position, supervisory
controls, guidelines, complexity, scope and effect,
personal contacts, purpose of contacts, physical
demands and work environment.
Attendance at annual training
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