BORDER
                                 SCRAP    TIRE
                PROJECT   ACTION    PLANS
                                         U.S.- MEXICO BORDER SCRAP TIRE
                                         INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE
   PRDJ Cl OWNERS
Border 2012 New Mexico-Chihuahua
Rural Task Force
Border Legislative Conference
California Environmental Protection
Agency-Office of Border Affairs
California Integrated Waste Management
Board
City of Eagle Pass, Texas
City of San Diego Solid Waste Local
Enforcement Agency
Endpoint Environmental
Pan American Health Organization
San Diego State University
San Francisco State University
Secretary of the Secretariat for the
Environment and Natural Resources
Silent Running
Rubber Manufacturers Association
University of Texas
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
       February 2008
 The Border Scrap Tire Project
 Action Plans are descriptions of
border scrap tire projects that are
 occurring throughout the U.S.-
     Mexico border region.

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                            TABL: OF CONTENTS
Introd uction ................... .^:. [[[ 3
          ^^Z^^
Principle One: Scrap Tire Generation [[[ 4

Inventory of Tire Piles Along the U.S. -Mexico Border [[[ 5
Locating/Inventorying Waste Tire Piles in El Paso/Juarez Region Using Aerial Imagery ..... 6
Remote  Sensing of Waste Tires in the California/Mexico Border Region ......................... 7
Use of Satellite Technology to Locate/Monitor Tire Piles for CA/CA-Mexico Border Region . 8
Border Tire Health Study [[[ 9
Tire Flow Study along the California-Mexico Border Region ....................................... 10
Used/Waste Tire Flow Study in the California-Mexico Border Region ........................... 11
A Study of Passenger, Light Truck and SUV, Used Tire Economics in the
California/AZ and Baja California Norte/Sonora Border Region ................................................ 12

Principle Two: Scrap Tire Pile Prevention [[[ 13

SEMARNAT Scrap Tire Management Document [[[ 14
U.S. -Mexico Scrap Tire Management Experiences Handbook ..................................... 15
U.S. -Mexican BorderTire Management Regulations ................................................. 16
Training Seminars on Developing Scrap Tire Markets ............................................... 17

Principle Three:  Scrap Tire Pile Cleanup [[[ 18

Cleanup of El Centinela Scrap Tire Pile [[[ 19
Cleanup of Ciudad Juarez Scrap Tire Pile [[[ 20
Cleanup of Sonora Border Scrap Tire Pile [[[ 21
Cleanup of Piedras Negras / Eagle Pass Scrap Tire Pile ............................................. 22
Grant for Cleanup of Waste Tires in the Tijuana River Valley ..................................... 23
Grant for Waste Tire Cleanup of Tijuana River Channels ........................................... 24

Principle Four:  Scrap Tire Management Participation ...................................... 25


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                          INTRODUCTION
 The Border Scrap Tire Action
 Action Plans are descriptions of
 border scrap tire projects currently
 being implemented throughout the
 U.S.-Mexico border region. A
 mechanism for educating interested
 parties of border scrap tire activities,
 they foster collaboration between
 scrap tire projects, and aid in
 assessing the needs for further
 projects.

 Currently, there are twenty-four
 scrap tire projects listed. The
 project descriptions will be
 updated and new projects will  be
 added as they are initiated.

 For a detailed description of
 contributors to the Project Action
 Plans, see Appendix One.
                                                    Background
 The Project Action Plans were
      initiated in 2006 as a
 supplement to  the U.S.-Mexico
  Border Scrap Tire Integrated
     Management Initiative
  document. The Initiative, an
  official Border 2012 Program
document,  provides a scrap tire
management framework for the
two counties to  implement using
   a sustainable development
vision.  The Initiative establishes
  a clear and consistent under-
  standing of shared scrap tire
  management  principles, and
provides direction for the major
  program actions necessary to
       effectively manage
          scrap tires.
                       Structure of Project Action Plans
The Scrap Tire Project Action Plans document shares details of each project
including a description, expected outcomes, a timeframe for project completion, the
responsible organization with contact information, and the project's funding source.
The projects are organized under the U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Integrated
Management Initiative's principles and actions.  For a list of the Principles and
Actions, see Appendix Two and Three.
                                  Contact
      For further information or to update or include additional project descriptions,
           )lease contact Ellie Kanipe (kanipe.ellie@epa.gov, 703-347-8985).

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                              PRINCIPLE ONE
                        SCRAP TIRE GENERATION
                            U.S.- MEXICO BORDER SCRAP TIRE
                            INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE
 PURPOSE


      Better understand the problems contributing to scrap tire
      generation.
 ACTION   1
      Gather information to better understand scrap tire generation
      (including sources of substandard tires and illegal tire entry into
      Mexico), illegal dumping of scrap tires, and methods for effective
      management of scrap tires.
BACKGROUND
    Throughout the border region, a significant number of scrap tire piles
    exist containing millions of scrap tires. The tire piles tend to result from
    a robust market for partially used  tires in the border region. Less
    expensive than new tires, these partially used tires have a short life,
    thus contributing to the large accumulation of scrap tires in the border
    region.

    The generation of scrap tires is expected to increase along the U.S.-
    Mexico border as population rates continue to accelerate. In the U.S.,
    over 290 million scrap tires are generated annually.  In Mexico City it is
    estimated that 5 million scrap tires are generated per year.  The
    majority of these tires are used as tire derived fuel, or are applied in
    civil engineering and crumb  rubber applications.  In order to address
    this growing problem, it is necessary to better understand the problems
    contributing  to scrap tire generation.

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                                     PROJECT ONE
                Inventory of Tire Piles along U.S.-Mexico Border
DESCRIPTION

  The EPA and SEMARNAT worked jointly with state and local
  governments to identify locations, classify size, and determine ownership of
  major tire piles in the U.S.-Mexico border region.  The tire piles were
  identified through interviews with border residents, state governments and
  national scrap tire experts.
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  The purpose of the project is to inventory major scrap tire piles in the entire
  U.S.-Mexico border region.  The inventory will aid in the development of
  recycling options for scrap tires.  For example, the inventory will allow the
  Border 2012 Waste Policy Forum to determine which tire piles are near scrap
  tire shredders and municipal waste landfills so that scrap tire shreds can be
  used as "daily cover" at nearby landfills.
TIMING
 The EPA and SEMARNAT, collaborating with state and local governments, have
 completed the inventory document. The inventory document can be found at
 http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/muncpl/tires/publications.htm.
ORGANIZATIONS

  EPA Office of Solid Waste
            Ellie Kanipe; kanipe.ellie(Q)epa.aov
 FUNDING   SOURCE
  EPA Office of Solid Waste

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                                    PROJECT TWO
                Locating and Inventorying Waste Tire Piles
                in El Paso/Juarez Region Using Aerial Imagery
D
ESCRIPTION

Researchers at the University of Texas are exploring the potential of
deciphering the color spectrums in aerial photography and satellite imagery
to locate unknown tire piles and to estimate the size of these piles.
EXPECTED  OUTCOMES
  Although field visits confirming results have yet to be completed, researchers
  have used the software program ERDAS to locate unknown tire piles in the
  El Paso/ Juarez region. ERDAS can take the color information from a known
  tire pile and match it to all other objects in an aerial image that have similar
  color bands. However, this means that shadows, pavement, and other dark
  objects do appear as false positives in the process. Researchers plan to
  explore the potential of using LIDAR technology to measure depth, thus
  eliminating false positives caused by these sources.
TIMING

 Completion of the project is expected in 2007.

ORGANIZATIONS

  University of Texas
            David Eaton Phd.; eaton@mail.utexas.edu
 FUNDING   SOURCE
  EPA Region 6

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                                      PROJECT THREE
               Remote Sensing of Waste Tires Project in the
               California/Mexico Border Region
DESCRIPTION

  Endpoint Environmental, working with San Francisco State University in a project
  sponsored by the California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB), is
  mapping areas of Northern California and the California/Mexico border  region  for
  tire pile sites. To create the maps of tire pile sites, Endpoint Environmental
  leverages the Tire Identification from Reflectance (TIRe) Model.  The TIRe Model
  is a computer-assisted image-processing algorithm invented at NASA's Ames
  Research Center in a proof-of-concept project funded by CIWMB in 2005.
E
    PECTED   OUTCOMES
^
  The TIRe Model is designed to identify densely grouped tire piles of 100 tires
  or more in commercially available high-resolution satellite imagery.  False-
  positives are attributed to shadows, polluted water bodies, and objects with
  tire-material content such as roof-shingles or polyethylene tubing.  Endpoint
  Environmental staff separate false-positives from suspected tire piles using
  visual-interpretation techniques.  During the course of the project, San Fran-
  cisco State University will  be refining the TIRe Model to further reduce false-
  positives.  Endpoint Environmental is constructing a series of maps for
  CIWMB.  Satellite imagery is used as a "background" in small-scale maps to
  clearly display tire pile sites.
TIMING
  Completion of the project is expected mid-2008.
 ORGANIZATIONS
     Endpoint Environmental
             Catherine Huybrechts; catherine@endointenvrionmental.com
     California Integrated Waste Management Board
             Darryl L. Petker P.E.; dpetker@ciwmb.ca.gov
     San Francisco State University
             Dr. Patricia "Trish" Foschi; tfoschi@sfsu.edu
 FUNDING   SOURCE
   California Integrated Waste Management Board

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                                     PROJECT FOUR
              Use of Satellite Technology to Locate and Monitor
              Waste Tire Piles in California and the California-
              Mexico Border Region
DESCRIPTION

  This project will use satellite imagery to find illegal tire piles within the state of
  California. Due to its geographical proximity, the California-Mexico border
  zone will also be an area of focus for the purpose of locating and monitoring
  waste tire piles that may pose a threat to California communities.
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EXPECTED   OUTCOMES
  The final report associated with this project will provide the following
  information:

  •  A list of known and suspected tire pile locations.

  •  Imagery, photos and maps obtained / used to deliver results for the
     evaluation.

  •  Suggestions for future areas to be evaluated.

  •  Suggestions for future enhancement to current methodology.
TIMING
 The final report associated with this project will be completed by June 2008.
ORGANIZATIONS
    California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB)
            Darryl Petker; dpetker@ciwmb.ca.gov

    California Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Border Affairs (Cal/EPA-OBA)
            Ricardo Martinez; RMartinez@waterboards.ca.gov
 FUNDING   SOURCE

  California Tire Recycling Management Fund

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                                     PROJECT FIVE
          Border Tire Pile Health Study: Human-Environmental
          Interaction and the Effect of Waste Tire Removal on
          Risk for Dengue Fever Infection in Brownsville, Texas
          and Matamoros, Tamaulipas
DESCRIPTION

  The Border 2012 Program Health Task Force is working with the EPA's Office of Re-
  search Development and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) in assessing
  the health risks of tire piles along the U.S.-Mexico border.  Specifically, the 2012
  Health Task Force, working with the 2012 Waste Policy Forum, is overseeing a study
  that will  investigate the recent outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Brownsville,
  Texas and Matamoros, Tamaulipas and its relation to the scrap tire piles.
                                                                     -
  Because dengue fever is transmitted by an urban mosquito, examination of waste
  tires as water-holding containers in close proximity to households is critical to under-
  standing the potential roles that tires play in mosquito breeding sites.
     PECTED   OUTCOMES
  This study will provide relevant environmental health data regarding tire piles
  along the U.S.-Mexico border. This data can be used when considering fed-
  eral, state, and local-level options to administer scrap tire management pro-
  grams, and in educational campaigns directed toward preventing the creation
  of new scrap tire piles.
E
MING
 Completion is estimated by the end of 2007.
   RGANIZATIONS
      :Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)

      EPA Contact: Ellie Kanipe;  kanipe.ellie@epa.gov
FUNDING   SOURCE
   EPA Office of Research and Development and PAHO

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                                                 PROJECT SIX
                       Tire Flow Study along the California-Mexico
                       Border Region
        DESCRIPTION

          San Diego State University's Institute for Regional Studies of the Californias is con-
          ducting a study on the flow of used tires in the California-Mexico border region. The
          study will describe and quantify the flow of used tires across the border, will evaluate
          the legal and regulatory framework as well as the economics of tire flows, will assess
          environmental  impacts of used and scrap tires,  will discuss recycling efforts, and will
          describe the final disposition of scrap tires in Baja California and Mexico.

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          This study will develop a methodology to estimate the number of used and waste tires
          that have been transported from California to Mexico since 2000. Data will also be
          collected concerning the locations of existing tire piles. Estimates will  be made regarding
          the number of tires that are sold, reused, and disposed of in the California-Mexico bor-
          der region. The economic focus will include the costs to transport tires, revenue from
          the sale of tires, costs of tire disposal, and costs to remediate disposal sites as well as
          respond to possible waste tire pile fires. The environmental focus will  evaluate the im-
          pacts of possible tire pile fires and will assess possible human health hazards associated
          with disease vectors in tire piles. Furthermore, the study will  evaluate the existing regu-
          latory structure  used by California and  Mexico to manage used tires in the region, in-
          cluding current waste tire policies, laws, regulations, and procedures.  Finally, the study
          will provide suggestions and options for consideration by policy makers on tire related
          issues. The summary description, analysis, and  recommendations will be published for
          wide distribution.
        TIMING
         This study's completion is expected by May 2008.
        ORGANIZATIONS
              *San Diego State University, Institute for Regional Studies of the Californias

                      Paul Ganster, Ph.D.; pganster@mail.sdsu.edu

                      Bertha Hernandez, M.A.; bhernand@mail.sdsu.edu
         FUNDING   SOURCE
          California Integrated Waste Management Board—CIWMB
          Darryl L. Petker P.E. Contract Manager; dpetker@ciwmb.ca.gov
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                                                 PROJECT SEVEN
                        Used/Waste Tire Flow Study in the California-
                        Mexico Border Region
        DESCRIPTION
          This project consists of a study to determine the flow of reusable and waste tires in
          the California-Mexico border region.  Through this project, the California Integrated
          Waste Management Board (CIWMB), in partnership with the California Environmental
          Protection-Office of Border Affairs (Cal/EPA-OBA), shall hire a contractor to prepare a
          technical report.

         EXPECTED   OUTCOMES
          The report will contain information regarding the following border-specific issues con-
          cerning used and waste tires:

          •   Identify the quantities of reusable and waste tires transported into Mexico from
              California, both legally and illegally, since 2000.
          •   Of the total  tires transported into Mexico, quantify the number of tires sold for
              reuse, as well as those properly and illegally disposed of at landfills and dumpsites.
          •   Identify final disposal destination of waste tires that are being transported from Cali-
              fornia into Mexico.
          •   Discuss the  economic impact to California and  Mexico of the waste tire flow from
              California into Mexico.
          •   Make recommendations  regarding changes to the current California and Baja
              California waste tire policies, laws, regulations and procedures.
          •   Identify, evaluate and make recommendations regarding potential  markets for tire-
              derived products in Mexico.
          •   Identify, evaluate and make recommendations regarding appropriate tire disposal
              alternatives in the California-Mexico border region.
         TIMING
         This CIWMB-Cal/EPA-OBA project will be the emphasis of a workshop entailed "Used and
         Waste Tire Flow in the California-Mexico Border Region." The workshop will be on March
         4-5, 2008 in San Diego.  For further information, contact Reynaldo Rojo
         (rrojo@projects.sdsu.edu or 619-594-5423.)
        ORGANIZATIONS
              California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB)
                      Mitch Delmage; mdelmage@ciwmb.ca.gov
              California Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Border Affairs (Cal/EPA-OBA)
                      Ricardo Martinez; RMartinez@waterboards.ca.gov
         FUNDING   SOURCE
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           California Tire Recycling Management Fund

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                                           PROJECT EIGHT
                    A Study of Passenger, Light Truck and SUV,
                    Used Tire Economics in the California/AZ and
                    Baja California Norte/Sonora Border Region
 DESCRIPTION
 Silent Running, a research and environmental advisory company, will evaluate the key economic
 factors that contribute to used tire flows from the U.S. to Mexico, focusing on economic drivers in
 California, Arizona, Baja California Norte, and Sonora. The study will include price comparisons
 between new and used tires in the U.S. and Mexico, the  used tire value proposition, and an
  malysis of the retail tire industry structure in the U.S. and Mexico border region.
  EXPECTED    OUTCOMES
The findings of the study are intended to answer the following questions:

For this geographic region, what are the economic underpinnings behind used tire flows from the
U.S. and Mexico-particularly for the tire resale market?

To what degree, if any, do tariffs, customs laws and practices, and government policy enhance or
distort the market for the resale of used tires?

For this geographic region, what is the quality and useful life of used tires being  resold in the U.S.
and Mexico?

For this geographic region, to what degree would  an increase or decrease of used tire flows from
the U.S. to  Mexico disrupt the Mexican retail tire industry?

To what degree, if at all,  do flows of used tires from the U.S. into Mexico contribute to scrap tire
stockpiles in Mexico  in this geographic region?
  1
TIMING
 The study is expected to be completed by the first quarter of 2008.
 ORGANIZATIONS
    Silent Running
               Jim Dodenhoff; jdodenhoff@ca.rr.com
  FUNDING   SOURCE
 Project is self-funded.
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                               PRINCIPLE TWO
                        SCRAP TIRE PILE PREVENTION
                             U.S.- MEXICO BORDER SCRAP TIRE
                             INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE
  PURPOSE


       Prevent new scrap tire piles.
  ACTION   2
       Consider federal, state, and local-level regulatory options to
       administer scrap tire management programs to prevent new scrap tire
       piles.
   ACTION   3
       Encourage development and implementation of a variety of
       environmentally acceptable and economically promising end-use
       markets for scrap tires to increase recycling and reuse.  It is
       planned that this will be done through economic, regulatory, and
       technology development incentives.
 BACKGROUND
|	

     While the Border 2012 Program highlights cleaning-up tire piles, it is
     also critical to prevent the creation of new tire piles in the border region.
     This can be accomplished by establishing scrap tire management pro-
     grams aimed toward prevention, and by increasing scrap tire recycling
     by developing markets for tire-derived products. The U.S. and  Mexico
     are collaborating to assess the optimal methods for preventing new
     scrap tire piles by analyzing tire-derived fuel projects, civil engineering
     applications, and crumb rubber applications, among other methods.
                               13

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                                             PROJECT NINE
                      SEMARNAT SCRAP TIRE MANAGEMENT DOCUMENT
         ESCRIPTION

          SEMARNAT is currently developing a Scrap Tire Management document which
          will serve as a framework for scrap tire programs in Mexico  In 2003,
          SEMARNAT mandated that all of the States create or adjust their legal  frame-
          work for waste management.  At this point, Nuevo Leon is the first state to
          comply with creating  a  scrap tire program.
       EXPECTED   OUTCOMES
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        In the past,  local governments in Mexico had lacked access to alternatives to dis-
        pose of scrap tires, a situation that for decades induced the pile-up of several million
        tires across  the country's northern  border, where the generation  of this type of
        waste is especially intense.

        In response to this problem, the Mexican Federal Government, through the Ministry
        of Environment and Natural  Resources, State Governments,  Municipalities, the Ce-
        ment Industry and the US Environmental Protection Agency, coordinated efforts in
        order to start activities for the remediation of local waste-tire sites in  the border
        Mexican States, accomplishing up to date the cleaning of up to 3 million tires, in-
        cluding the remediation of two sites whose tire inventories dated back several years,
        and which had repeatedly become ablaze over the years:  INNOR and El Centinela.
        Such actions will greatly diminish health and environmental risks among communi-
        ties at both sides of the U.S.-Mexico  border, since waste tire build-up entails the risk
        of fires, is a  source of toxic emissions and  diseases, and encourages  the use of
        waste tires as cheap fuel in brick ovens.

        In this context, the Scrap Tire Management Document will help to describe the ex-
        perience of the  Scrap Tire  Management Program that has been developed in the
        Northern Border region, in order to  help other local governments to start activities
        of cleaning-up scrap tires in  their cities and to prevent the generation of new  scrap
        tires sites.
      IT i r
TIMING
        The project is currently in its beginning stages.
       ORGANIZATIONS
        SEMARNAT
                  Alexandra Gonzalez Narro; alexandra.gonzalez@semarnat.gob.mx
       FUNDING   SOURCE
          SEMARNAT
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                                     PROJECT TEN
                 U.S.-Mexican Scrap Tire
                 Management Experiences Handbook
                    N
   The U.S.-Mexican Scrap Tire Management Experiences Handbook is being pre-
   pared to assist federal, state and local governments and private industry in
   developing and administering scrap tire programs. The Handbook will offer
   options to prevent future tire piles, cleanup existing tire piles, and foster mar-
   kets for the valuable resources contained in scrap tires. Technical, environ-
   mental, economic and reference data will be provided for major scrap tire
   applications.
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  The U.S.-Mexican Scrap Tire Management Experiences Handbook will aid in
  preventing further growth of existing scrap tire piles as well as the creation of
  new piles.  The Handbook is intended to accelerate market development ef-
  forts by providing critical information about the North American market ex-
  perience and its potential applicability within both Mexico and the U.S.  Addi-
  tionally, the Handbook will allow industry participants to assess, prioritize, tar-
  get and develop markets as efficiently and rapidly as possible.
TIMING
 The U.S. EPA and SEMARNAT will finalize the Scrap Tire Management
 Experiences Handbook by the end of 2008.
ORGANIZATIONS

  EPA Office of Solid Waste
            Rick Picardi; picardi.rick@epa.gov
 FUNDING   SOURCE
  EPA Office of Solid Waste
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                                     PROJECT ELEVEN
   LU
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                    U.S. - Mexican Border Tire
                    Management Regulations
•
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ESCRIPTION

The Border Legislative Conference, in collaboration with the EPA Region 9, is
updating an existing Border Legislative Conference document which high-
lights federal, state and local waste tire management regulations in both
Mexico and the U.S.
EXPECTED   OUTCOMES
  The finished document highlighting waste tire management regulations will al-
  low for the analysis of waste tire regulations within the Border Legislative Con-
  ference and at the federal, state and local level.  Eventually, the document will
  help federal, state and local legislators modify and/or create regulations to ad-
  dress the core waste tire management issues.

ORGANIZATIONS
     Border Legislative Conference
            Edgar Ruiz; eruiz@csg.org

  •  EPA, Region 9
            Emily Pimentel; Pimentel.emily@epa.gov
   UNDING   SOURCE
   Border Legislative Conference and EPA Region 9 (San Francisco)
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                                        PROJECT TWELVE
                Training Seminars on Developing Scrap Tire Markets
                      N
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The U.S. Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA), and border governments will work
together to offer training seminars to promote the prevention of scrap tire piles along the
U.S.-Mexican border.  The proposed seminars will draw on Mexican and U.S. technical ex-
pertise, and will be offered at different locations along the border. The key audience of the
seminars will be potential entrepreneurs who are most likely to create the scrap tire
recycling industry. The seminars will focus on providing the fundamentals of developing a
scrap tire recycling industry with subject matter ranging from the necessities of starting a
business, to tire processing, to the key scrap tire markets.
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  Since the training seminars will provide the necessary training on the basics of
  scrap tires, they will allow potential entrepreneurs the opportunity to learn the
  information they need to create the scrap tire recycling  industry.
TIMING
  Beginning spring 2007
  RGANIZATIONS
  •  Rubber Manufacturers Association
             Michael Blumenthal; MBIumenthal@rma.org
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                             PRINCIPLE THREE
                      SCRAP TIRE PILE CLEAN-UP
                           U.S.- MEXICO BORDER SCRAP TIRE
                           INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE
PURPOSE
    Cleanup "legacy" (existing) tire piles using environmentally sound
    and cost effective solutions.
ACTION   2
    Consider federal, state, and local-level regulatory options to administer
    scrap tire management programs to cleanup legacy tire piles.
ACTION  4
     Abate tire piles by seeking funding to eliminate legacy scrap tire piles,
     and invest in and adequately manage temporary storage and transfer
     stations to facilitate recycling and/or reuse of scrap tires.
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     Under the Reduce Land Contamination goal of the binational
     environmental Border 2012 Program,  objective three addresses the
     cleanup of scrap tire piles. Specifically, the objective aims to cleanup
     three of the larger scrap tire sites in the U.S.-Mexico border region by
     2010.  Great strides have been made  in achieving this objective with
     over 2.7 million tires having  been cleaned-up along the border.
     Furthermore,  450,000 tires have been removed at the INNORTire Pile in
     Mexicali resulting in the pile's complete elimination.
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                                     PROJECT THIRTEEN
                 Cleanup of El Centinela Scrap Tire Pile
    Centinela, the scrap tire pile with 1.2 million abandoned tires, was ranked as
    one of the largest scrap tire piles in the border region.  The Border 2012
    scrap tire management partners identified Centinela as one of the largest
    tire piles. The cleanup of this tire pile was established as a target to meet
    Border 2012 Goal 3 to "cleanup three of the largest sites containing
    abandoned waste tires."
    The tires were transported to CENEX plants located in Ensenada and
    Hermosillo where they were then co-processed as tire derived fuel (TDF).
    The success of this cleanup is attributed to the ability of government,
    industry, and other partners to leverage their respective resources.
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 Since tire piles pose environmental and health problems, the cleanup of the
 Centinela tire pile will significantly improve the environmental health of the
 area within the vicinity of the site.  Centinela was one of the largest scrap tire
 piles in the border area; therefore, it has contributed to meeting Border
 2012's scrap tire objective.
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   In November 2006, EPA completed the cleanup.  It began in June 2005 with the
   signature of the Annex of Execution No. 3 between SEMARNAT, the government
   of the State of Baja California, CANACEM and Cemex.
ORGANIZATIONS
  .  SEMARNAT
        Edgar De Villar; edgar.delvillar@semarnat.gob.mx
  •  EPA Region 9 (San Francisco, California)
        Emily Pimentel; Pimentel.emily(o)epa.qov
 FUNDING   SOURCE
  EPA Region 9:      $285,000
  SEMARNAT:       Over $100,000 plus in-kind donation of trucks/trains
  Government of Baja California:      $100,000
  CEMEX:           in-kind donation - shredding of tires and co-processing as TDF
  City of Mexicali:    in-kind donation - coordination support
  *AII Mexican quantities are taken from the Annexes of Execution between SEMARNAT and the State
       Governments, the Municipalities, Cemex or Cementos Chihuahua, and CANACEM.

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                                            PROJECT FOURTEEN
                        Cleanup of Ciudad Juarez Scrap Tire Pile
                            N
     ^^^^^^^^  ~--—       	--"

           Nearly 3 million scrap tires have been removed from the Ciudad Juarez tire
           pile through the collective efforts of the U.S. EPA, SEMARNAT, the Border
           Environment Cooperation Commission (BECC), the City of Juarez, and GCC
           Cemento, A.A. de C.V., Samlayuca (the local cement plant).  The 8-10 year
           old Ciudad Juarez tire pile site encompasses approximately four to five mil-
           lion scrap tires.
        EXPECTED   OUTCOMES

          Since tire piles pose environmental and health problems, the cleanup of the
          Ciudad Juarez tire pile site will significantly improve the environmental  health
          of the area within the vicinity of the site.  The Ciudad Juarez site is one of the
          largest scrap tire piles in the border area; therefore, its cleanup will contribute
          to meeting Border 2012's scrap tire objective.

       TIMING
         The Ciudad Juarez tire pile is expected to be 100% cleaned-up during
         the next several years.
       ORGANIZATIONS
          .   SEMARNAT
                   Edgar De Villar; edgar.delvillar@semarnat.gob.mx

          •   EPA Region 6 (Dallas, Texas)
                   Robert Snowbarger; Snowbarqer.robert(Q)epa.qov
        FUNDING   SOURCE
            Government of Chihuahua:
            SEMARNAT:
            Government of Ciudad Juarez:
            EPA Office of International Affairs:
$80,000 plus $30,000 this year
$113,000 plus $60,000 this year
$65,000
$60,000
             *AII Mexican quantities are taken from the Annexes of Execution between SEMARNAT and the
               State Governments, the Municipalities, Cemex or Cementos Chihuahua, and CANACEM.
20

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                                      PROJECT FIFTEEN
                  Cleanup of Sonora Border Scrap Tire Pile
DESCRIPTION
  This project consists of removing 250,000 scrap tires from municipal solid
  waste landfills in Sonera's border where tires pose a fire risk (e.g. San Luis Rio
  Colorado or other municipality), and to establish a properly managed storage
  center to facilitate the timely transfer of tires to appropriate destinations for
  processing  as TDF or other reuses.
 EXPECTED   OUTCOMES

  Since tire piles pose environmental and health problems, the cleanup of the
  Sonora border community tire piles will significantly improve the environ-
  mental health of the area within the vicinity of the site.  The project will also
  help develop scrap tire management infrastructure; therefore, it will
  contribute to meeting Border 2012's scrap tire management objective.
 TIMING
  Cleanup is estimated to be complete in 2007.
ORGANIZATIONS
     SEMARNAT
            Edgar De Villar; edgar.delvillar@semarnat.gob.mx
      EPA Region 9 (San Francisco, California)
            Emily Pimentel; Pimentel.emily@epa.gov
FUNDING  SOURCE

   The project will be carried out with public-private sector partnerships that include
   SEMARNAT, the State of Sonora, CEMEX, the Sonora rail service, and
   respective local municipalities.  Funding will be provided by SEMARNAT and EPA.
   SEMARNAT:
   EPA Office of International Affairs & Region 9:
$25,000
$50,000
                                21

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                                             PROJECT SIXTEEN
                        Cleanup of Piedras Negras/ Eagle Pass
                        Scrap Tire Pile
        DESCRIPTION

          The cities of Eagle Pass, Texas and Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico are work-
          ing together to deal with the illegal dumping of scrap tires in the region.  To
          date, approximately 159,000 scrap tires have been removed from piles in
          the Eagle Pass / Piedras Negras areas for TDF through the collective efforts of
          the U.S. EPA, SEMARNAT, BECC, the City of Eagle Pass and the Municipio de
          Piedras Negras.
  .
E!
        EXPECTED  OUTCOMES
          This project will remove nearly 250,000 scrap tires that will be used as TDF
          and in civil engineering applications.
        TIMING
       ,
        0 R
         The Piedras Negras tire pile is estimated to have cleaned-up
         approximately 200,000 scrap tires by April 2007.
 ORGANIZATIONS
          •   City of Eagle Pass, TX
                    Hector Chavez; hchavez(o)citvofeaqlepass.com

          .   SEMARNAT
                    Edgar De Villar; edgar.delvillar@semarnat.gob.mx

          •   EPA Region 6 (Dallas, Texas)
                    Robert Snowbarger; Snowbarqer.robert@epa.gov
        FUNDING   SOURCE
      I
 SEMARNAT:                       $10,000
 Government of Coahuila:           $10,000
 Piedras Negras Municipality:         $15,000
 EPA Region 6:                     $50,000
  *AII Mexican quantities are taken from the Annexes of Execution between SEMARNAT and the
       State Governments, the Municipalities, Cemex or Cementos Chihuahua, and CANACEM.
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                                     PROJECT SEVENTEEN
                   Grant for Cleanup of Waste Tires
                   in the Tijuana Rive Valley
DESCRIPTION
  The CIWMB awarded $41,575 to the City of San Diego Solid Waste Local
  Enforcement Agency (LEA) to pay for the removal and disposal of thousands of
  waste tires that were washed during winter storms into the Tijuana River Valley
  from Mexico. These waste tires impact the Tijuana River Valley Regional Park.

  The project was completed on December 31, 2006.  San Diego contracted with
  The County of San Diego Parks and Recreation Department who  performed the
  actual collection and removal of the waste tires under contract with Donavan
  Detention Facility. 2,350 tires were removed for a cost of $26,059.45.  The LEA
  has prepared the final report for submittal to CIWMB.

  The County of San Diego Park and Recreation Department intends to apply for
  these funds directly to fund future waste tire removal efforts in the Tijuana River
  Valley Regional Park.
TIMING
 This waste tire project was completed December 31, 2006.
ORGANIZATIONS
     California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB)
            Mitch Delmage; mdelmage@ciwmb.ca.gov

     California Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Border Affairs (Cal/EPA-OBA)
            Ricardo Martinez; RMartinez@waterboards.ca.gov
 FUNDING   SOURCE
  California Tire Recycling Management Fund
                                23

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                                    PROJECT EIGHTTEEN
                 Grant for Waste Tire Cleanup of Tijuana
                 River Channels
DESCRIPTION
                                                              from
  During yearly rain storms, thousands of tires flow across the border
  Tijuana and impact San Diego city and county land. The City of San Diego
  Solid Waste Local Enforcement Agency administers a grant from the California
  Integrated Management Board to help fund County Park and City of San Diego
  Streets Division clean-ups of scrap tires that  flow into the Tijuana River Valley
  Regional Park.
E X
P
E
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E
D
0
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M
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  Manual and mechanical clean-ups will remove hundreds of tires from Smuggler's
  Gulch, the Main channel, and Pilot channel of the Tijuana  River. This allows the
  river to flow without causing flooding and additional degradation. Clean-up in
  this area stops the tires from moving further downstream into the more sensi-
  tive estuary habitat.

TIMING
  Periodic

ORGANIZATIONS
O R

  •
     City of San Diego Solid Waste Local Enforcement Agency
            Bill Prinz; wprinz(o)sandiego.gov
 FUNDING   SOURCE
  Waste Tire Clean-up Grant from the California Integrated
  Waste Management Board
                               24

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                              PRINCIPLE FOUR
                   Scrap Tire Management Participation
                            U.S.- MEXICO BORDER SCRAP TIRE
                            INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE
 PURPOSE


      Involve stakeholders and communities in creating scrap tire solutions.
 ACTION   5
     Involve the U.S. and Mexican governments, the private-sector,
     academics, and non-governmental organizations in the implementation
     of the U.S.-Mexico Scrap Tire Integrated Management Initiative.
   ACTION   6
    Establish and implement educational outreach programs geared
    toward a diverse audience of stakeholders to increase scrap tire
    recycling and reuse opportunities.
BACKGROUND
    The ten-year binational Border 2012 Program emphasizes a bottom-up,
    regional approach to addressing border environmental issues. The U.S.-
    Mexico Scrap Tire Integrated Management Initiative recognizes the
    importance of bringing together a wide variety of stakeholders to
    produce priority actions which can be sustained.  It aims to involve the
    U.S. and Mexican governments, the private-sector, academics, and
    non-governmental organizations in carrying out the Initiative.
                              25

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                                PROJECT NINETEEN
                Tire Outreach Project (TOP)
  The California Integrated Waste Management Board has awarded a contract to
  the City of San Diego Solid Waste Local Enforcement Agency to work with the
  City of Tijuana, Mexico and other affected communities along with Non-
  Government Officials (NGO) from surrounding border cities along the Califor-
  nia-Mexico Border. TOP is in the process of developing solutions for scrap tire
  collection, disposal, and  recycling.  TOP will promote awareness among canyon
  residents of recycling opportunities and beneficial uses of scrap tires.
E X
P
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M
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  TOP expects to produce an educational video on how to build retaining walls
  from scrap tires. This video will be produced in both Spanish and English for use
  by government planners and engineers, as well as NGOs, to teach the basics of
  adequately engineered scrap tire retaining walls. Accompanying printed
  materials will also be produced.
TIMING
 This contract will be completed in May 2007.
ORGANIZATIONS
  •   California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB)
            Mitch Delmage; mdelmage@ciwmb.ca.gov

  •   California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB)
            Lillian Conroe; lconroe@ciwmb.ca.gov

  •   City of San Diego Solid Waste Local Enforcement Agency
            Bill Prinz; wprinz@sandieqo.gov
 FUNDING   SOURCE
   Contract from the California Integrated Waste Management Board
                               26

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                                           PROJECT TWENTY
                  Training of Mexican Tire Haulers and Used Tire
                  Dealers That Cross Into California to Buy Used Tires
                  for Sale in Mexico
    re
•
   C V
   S C R  I  P T I  O N

This project consists of a series of Spanish language workshops to train Mexican
haulers and used tire dealers about applicable statutes and regulations pertaining
to hauling, purchasing, selling, and storing used/waste tires within California.  By
providing this language-specific training, the illicit collection, storage and disposal
of used/waste tires within the California-Mexico border will be reduced. SB 772
requires CIWMB staff to work with Mexican authorities in dealing with cross-border
hauling of used/waste tires.
   EXPECTED   OUTCOMES
     Implementation and completion of this five-year training program will improve
     California-Mexico used/waste tire management practices in the following areas:
         •  Compliance of Mexican haulers with regard to the requirements for hauling
            used/waste tires within the California-Mexico border;
         •  Public awareness about the environmental and public health and safety threats
            associated with used/waste tire mishandling;
         •  Increased cooperation and collaboration with Mexican authorities regarding tire
            management issues;
         •  Tracking of legal and illegal used/waste tire flow across the California-Mexico
            border;
         •  Coordination with businesses operating in the border region in applying the
            same environmental and control requirements.
       MING
    This training project began in February 2005 and will be completed by 2010.
  ORGANIZATIONS
        California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB)
               Mitch Delmage; mdelmage@ciwmb.ca.gov

        California Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Border Affairs (Cal/EPA-OBA)
               Ricardo Martinez;  RMartinez@waterboards.ca.gov
   FUNDING   SOURCE
     California Tire Recycling Management Fund
                                     27

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                                                  PROJECT TWENTY-ONE
                           New Mexico-Chihuahua Rural Task Force
                           Scrap Tire Clean-up Project
           ESCRIPTION
          The Border 2012 New Mexico-Chihuahua Rural Task Force is working with the New M
          Environment Department, the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez and New Mexico
          State University to evaluate scrap tire piles and address clean up and proper management
          and disposal of scrap tires in Palomas and Ascension, Chihuahua.  The project consists of
          the following components:
          •  A technical workshop on scrap tire management and disposal options for rural commu-
             nities in the task force region;
          •  Assessment of location and size of scrap tire piles in Palomas and Ascension;
          •  Education and outreach on proper disposal of scrap tires including development and
             distribution  of outreach materials;
          •  Clean-up and baling of scrap tires.

          Secondary students from Palomas and Ascension will be involved in the implementation of
          this project. The Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez in conjunction with New Mexico
          State University will be training students in how to use Global Positioning System (GPS)
          units, Geographic Information Systems (CIS), and how to evaluate tire piles.  The students
          will have the opportunity to  go out in the field and evaluate scrap tire piles in and around
          their communities. Students will also develop a brochure on how their communities can
          properly dispose of used tires and why proper disposal is important. This project will also
          organize a technical workshop for communities in the task force region that will provide
          information on options available to small communities for scrap tire management and dis-
          posal. This workshop will help rural communities design programs to address their scrap
          tire management and disposal issues.
       EXPECTED   OUTCOMES
          •
          :
Maps of scrap tire piles locations in Palomas and Ascension including estimates of the
magnitude of the tire problem in these communities;
Clean  up and baling of some of the scrap tires in these communities;
An action plan for addressing scrap tire management and disposal issues in Palomas
and Ascension;
Increased awareness among secondary students and their communities regarding the
scrap tire problem and proper disposal;
Development of GPS and CIS skills among secondary student project participants.
        TIMING
          This project was initiated in Fall 2006. Completion is estimated by Sept. 2007.
        ORGANIZATIONS
          Border 2012 New Mexico-Chihuahua Rural Task Force
                      Allyson Siwik, asiwik@zianet.com
F
U
N
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S
0
U
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C
E
           U.S. EPA Border 2012 Program
28

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                                              PROJECT TWENTY-TWO
                      U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Integrated Management Initiative
                      Collaborative Effort
            C  R I  P T  I 0
N
The Border 2012 Program has kicked off a campaign to work with Border State
municipalities in implementing the U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Integrated Management
Initiative (Tire Initiative.)  The Initiative, an official Border 2012 Program document,  provides a
scrap tire management framework for the two counties to implement using a sustainable
development vision. The Initiative establishes a clear and consistent understanding of shared
scrap tire management principles, and provides direction for the major program actions necessary
to effectively manage scrap tires. See Appendix 2-3 for more details on the Tire Initiative.

Specifically, the EPA and SEMARNAT are seeking Border States and municipalities to collaborate
on the Tire Initiative by asking them to sign a letter of commitment. By doing so, the Border
States and municipalities are:
•  Indicating their awareness and understanding of the Tire Initiative and its Principles and
   Actions;
•  Expressing our support and collaboration with the Tire Initiative; and
•  Committing to work together to leverage existing resources to implement activities which
   support each of the Tire Initiative Actions while maintaining consistency with each
   country's waste management policies.
    EXPECTED   OUTCOMES
      The goals of the Tire Initiative collaboration effort are to:

      •   Increase awareness and understanding of the Tire Initiative and promote actions to
         cleanup and  prevent future tire piles;
      •   Obtain commitment from all Border States and municipalities to collaborate on the Tire
         Initiative and its Principles and Actions by signing a Letter of Commitment; and
      •   Encourage Border States and municipalities to consider developing or enhancing their
         current scrap tire management plans based on the Principles and Actions in the Tire
         Initiative.

     TIMING
      This project is being launched winter 2008.
     ORGANIZATIONS
       U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
         Ellie Kanipe; kanipe.ellie@epag.gov
       SEMARNAT
         Lie. Alexandra Gonzalez Narro; alexandra.gonzalez@semarnat.gob.mx
                                       29

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                                   APPENDIX ONE
                             Contributors
The  U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Group emphasizes collaboration among  stake-
holders who have an interest in border scrap tire issues. These relevant stakeholders
include State and local governments, other governmental organizations (e.g. Border
Legislative Conference), academia, the private sector, and non-governmental
organizations.  Through the concentrated efforts of the U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire
Group, all interested parties can achieve their aims in a mutually beneficial way.

The Border Scrap Tire Group is coordinating with the Resource Conservation Challenge
(RCC) Scrap Tire Workgroup because each has similar goals and interests. The Border
Scrap Tire Project Action Plans help to further both the Border Scrap Tire Group's goals
and the  RCC Scrap Tire Workgroup Goals. The Border Scrap Tire Project Action Plans
are modeled after the RCC Scrap Tire Workgroup Summary Action  Plans.

The partners involved in the Border Scrap Tire Group have varied degrees of
involvement with the U.S.-Mexico  Border 2012 Program. For this reason, it is
important to note that for those  organizations not formally part of the Border 2012
Program, the Border  Project Action Plan  projects are  not compelled to have explicit
completion  dates. The intent of the Border Project Action Plans is to provide a
mechanism for coordination of border tire work.

   Project Owners

    >      Border 2012 New Mexico-Chihuahua Rural Task Force
    >•      Border Legislative Conference
    >•      California  Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Border Affairs
    >      California  Integrated Waste Management Board
    >-      City of Eagle Pass, Texas
    >•      City of San Diego Solid Waste Local Enforcement Agency
    >      Endpoint Environmental
    >      Pan American Health Organization
    >-      San  Diego State University
    >      San  Francisco State University
    >-      Secretary of the Secretariat  for the Environment and Natural
           Resources (SEMARNAT)
    >      Silent Running
    >-      Rubber Manufacturers Association
    >      University of Texas
    >      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                    30

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                               APPENDIX TWO
               U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Integrated Management Initiative
As part of the U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Integrated
effort to promote effective management of scrap tires in
tire management principles and actions were included in
completion, the actions will lead to the fulfillment of the
principles and the Border 2012 Program tire objectives.
proposed actions involve activities that both Mexico and
implementing, independently or jointly under the Border
                           Management Initiative's
                            the border region, scrap
                            the document. Upon
                           Initiative's four basic
                            In some cases, the
                           the U.S. are already
                            2012 Program.
Principle One:


Principle Two:

Principle Three:


Principle Four:
Better understand the problems contributing to scrap
tire generation.
Prevent new scrap tire piles.

Cleanup "legacy" (existing) tire piles using
environmentally sound and cost effective solutions.
Involve stakeholders and communities in creating scrap
tire solutions.
                                 31

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                                APPENDIX THREE
                Actions:
                U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Integrated Management Initiative
As part of the U.S.-Mexico Border Scrap Tire Integrated Management Initiative's
effort to promote effective management of scrap tires in the border region, scrap
tire management principles and actions were included in the document.  Upon com-
pletion, the actions will lead to the fulfillment of the Initiative's four basic principles
and the Border 2012 Program tire objectives. In some cases,  the proposed actions
involve activities that both Mexico and the U.S. are already implementing,
independently or jointly under the Border 2012 Program.

Action 1:  Gather information to better understand scrap tire generation (including
           sources of substandard tires and illegal tire entry into Mexico), illegal
           scrap tire dumping, and methods for effective management of scrap tires

Action 2:  Consider federal, state, and local-level regulatory options to administer
           scrap tire management programs.

Action 3:  Encourage development and implementation of a variety of
           Environmentally acceptable and economically promising end-use markets
           for scrap tires to increase recycling and reuse.  It is planned that this will
           be done through economic, regulatory, and technology development in-
           centives.

Action 4:  Abate tire piles by seeking funding to eliminate legacy scrap tire piles,
           and invest in and adequately manage temporary storage and transfer
           stations to facilitate recycling and/or reuse of scrap tires.

Action 5:  Involve the U.S. and Mexican governments, the private-sector,
           academics, and non-governmental organizations in the implementation of
           the Partnership Initiative.

Action 6:  Establish and implement educational outreach programs geared toward a
           diverse audience of stakeholders to increase scrap tire recycling and
           reuse opportunities.
                                  32

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