United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Solid Waste
and Emergency
Response
EPA 505-F9-7001
June 1997
Fitting the Pieces Together:
The Role of EPA Offices in
Federal  Facilities Cleanup
and Reuse

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                                 CONTENTS


         INTRODUCTION	1

         BACKGROUND	2

         AT A GLANCE: EPA OFFICES INVOLVED IN FEDERAL
           FACILITIES CLEANUP AND REUSE	4

         ORGANIZATIONAL CHART: EPA OFFICES INVOLVED IN
           FEDERAL FACILITIES CLEANUP AND REUSE	7

         FEDERAL FACILITIES RESTORATION AND REUSE OFFICE	8

         FEDERAL FACILITIES ENFORCEMENT OFFICE	10

         REGIONAL FEDERAL FACILITY OFFICES	12

         OTHER EPA OFFICES	14

              Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
              Office of Environmental Justice
              Office of Federal Activities
              Office of General Counsel
              Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
              Office of Research and Development
              Office of Solid Waste
              Office of Underground Storage Tanks
              Technology Innovation Office

         FOR MORE INFORMATION ON FEDERAL FACILITIES	18

         SUMMARY	19
June 1997

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                                   INTRODUCTION
                                        Many offices at the
                                U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                 (EPA) provide information about or
                                assistance with environmental issues
                                related to federal facilities.  More than
                               10 offices at EPA, each having a distinct
                                role and mission, provide a wide range
                                of products and services related to the
                                cleanup and reuse of federal facilities.
                                   These offices are located at EPA
                                Headquarters and in the EPA regions.
                                 Some of these offices are dedicated
                                   solely to issues affecting federal
                                facilities, while others are involved in
                                activities that affect federal facilities, as
                                     well as other types of  sites.


                                With so many EPA offices involved in
                                 federal facilities cleanup, getting the
                                 assistance you need—from the right
                                office—can be a puzzling process. This
                                  brochure is designed to help you
                                     understand how the many
                                        pieces fit together.
June 1997

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                                BACKGROUND
                     "By working collaboratively and focusing on teamwork, partnering,
                     and public involvement, EPA has delivered a truly successful program
                     to federal facility communities. And we've done so while protecting,
                     and even improving, the conditions of human health, the environment,
                     and local economies."
                                                               — JAMES WOOLFORD, DIRECTOR
                                                FEDERAL FACILITIES RESTORATION AND REUSE OFFICE
       Across the country, thousands of
        federal facilities are contaminated
        with hazardous waste, unexploded
ordnance, radioactive waste, fuels, and a
variety of other toxic contaminants.  Those
facilities include many different types of sites,
such as abandoned mines, nuclear weapons
production plants, fuel distribution areas,
and landfills. The Department of Energy
(DOE) is responsible for more than 10,000
potentially contaminated sites, the
Department of Defense (DoD) for more than
21,000, and the Department of the Interior
(DOI) for more than 26,000. Current
estimates indicate that it will cost between
$200 and $350 billion to address DOE's sites,
about $30 billion to address DoD's sites, and
between $4 and $8 billion to address DOI's
sites.  Other federal entities face environmental
challenges, as well, although to a lesser degree.
The federal facilities profile below summarizes
the environmental problems at selected federal
entities.

To facilitate cleanup and reuse, EPA has
taken on a major role in forging proactive,
creative solutions to environmental problems
at federal facilities.  Within EPA, there are
several offices that conduct activities relating
                               Federal Facilities Profile"
FEDERAL ENTITY
Most Common Types of
Contamination
Estimated Number of
Potentially Contaminated Sites
Major Source Types
Current Estimate of Cost to
Complete Cleanup
DOE
• Radioactive
wastes
• Hazardous
wastes
• Mixed wastes
• Fissile material
10,000
• Former
weapons
production
facilities
$200 to $350
billion
DoD
• Fuels
• Solvents
• Industrial
wastes
• Unexploded
ordnance
21,400
• Underground
storage
tanks
• Landfills
• Spill areas
• Storage areas
$30 billion
DOI
• Mining
wastes
• Municipal
wastes
• Industrial
wastes
26,000
• Abandoned
mines
• Oil and gas
production
facilities
• Landfills
$4 to $8 billion
USDA
• Hazardous
wastes
• Mining wastes
• Chemical
wastes
3,000
• Abandoned
mines
• Landfills
$2.5 billion
NASA
• Fuels
• Solvents
• Industrial waste
730
• Underground
storage tanks
• Spill areas
$1.5 to $2 billion
 Source: EPA 1996. "Superfund/Oil Program Implementation Manual, Fiscal Year 1997."
 * Does not include all federal agencies.
                                                                                     June 1997

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     to federal facilities. To provide a unified           •  Office of Federal Activities (OFA)
     program to federal facility communities, these      .  Qffice ofGeneml Counsd (OGC)
     offices often collaborate on initiatives to meet
     stakeholder needs. The offices which are most     *  °ffice of Radiation and Indoor Air (ORIA)
     involved in federal facility activities include:       •  Office of Research and Development (ORD)
       • Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse Office     •  Office of Solid Waste (OSW)
         (FFRRO)                                    .  office of Under ground Storage Tanks (OUST)
       • Federal Facilities Enforcement Office (FFEO)      .  Technology Innovation Office (TIO)
       • EPA regional offices that handle federal         The following pages provide an overview of the
         facility activities                            mission and role of these offices as they relate to
     Several other EPA offices also are involved in     federal facilities.
     activities pertaining to federal facilities. These
     offices include:

       • Office of Emergency and Remedial
         Response (OERR)
       • Office of Environmental Justice (OEJ)
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  AT A  GLANCE:   EPA OFFICES INVOLVED  IN
     FEDERAL FACILITIES  CLEANUP AND  REUSE
EPA Office
Federal Facility Activities
FFRRO
  Supports policy development and implementation regarding restoration
  and reuse of federal facilities
  Supports policy development and resource management for the Fast Track
  Cleanup Program for closing and realigning bases
  Facilitates participation by stakeholders in cleanup and reuse activities
  Provides outreach and supports training to promote faster, more effective,
  and less costly cleanups
FFEO
  Participates in enforcement negotiations
  Tracks compliance by federal facilities
  Oversees enforcement activities undertaken by the EPA Regions
  Develops national federal facility enforcement and compliance policy and
  guidance
EPA Regional
Offices
  Provide regulatory and technical oversight of federal facility cleanup
  programs
  Implement the Fast Track Cleanup Program at closing and realigning bases
  Promote community involvement in restoration and reuse decision making
  Manage enforcement programs
  Manage tracking, oversight, and compliance planning activities
OERR
  Develops national policy, regulations, and guidelines for the control of
  hazardous waste sites and the prevention of and response to spills of oil
  and hazardous substances
  Provides technical guidance to federal facilities on implementing the
  Federal Superfund Response Program
  Develops and provides national guidance for the implementation of
  Superfund administrative reforms
OEJ
  Manages a national environmental justice program to ensure integration of
  environmental justice into all agency operations
  Ensures that the agency evaluates the effects of environmental burdens
  on minority populations, low-income populations, and American
  Indian tribes
  Implements remedies to reduce disproportionate risks in communities
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                         AT A GLANCE:   EPA  OFFICES INVOLVED IN
                  FEDERAL FACILITIES CLEANUP AND REUSE (CONTINUED)
         EPA Office
Federal Facility Activities
         OFA
• Implements the Administrator's responsibilities under Section 309 of the
  Clean Air Act

• Reviews documents in accordance with its authority under Section 309
         OGC
  Provides legal advice and counsel in rulemakings, dispute resolution, and
  grant and contract matters related to the cleanup of federal facilities

  Assists in the formulation and administration of the Agency's guidance
  and policies for federal facilities
         ORIA
• Develops directives and guidance for radiation cleanups at Superfund
  sites

• Produces technical documents on risk assessment and remediation
  technologies

• Provides monitoring assistance and technical assistance with modeling
  and land use issues regarding radioactive contamination cleanup

• Sets EPA radiation health and safety standards for the potential disposal
  of high-level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel
         ORD
  Leads efforts to meet the research and development needs of EPA

  Develops technical guidance on natural attenuation and active processes

  Provides site-specific technical assistance ranging from reviewing
  documents to conducting field studies

  Assists in research activities in which federal facilities are involved

  Coordinates research efforts with other EPA offices
         OSW
• Works closely with other federal agencies, tribes, industry, and the
  concerned public to ensure the safe management of hazardous and
  nonhazardous waste

• Works in partnership with other federal agencies to develop and pilot test
  waste management programs

• Ensures the safe management of municipal, industrial, and extractive solid
  wastes
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               AT A GLANCE:  EPA OFFICES INVOLVED IN
        FEDERAL FACILITIES CLEANUP AND REUSE (CONTINUED)
EPA Office
Federal Facility Activities
OUST
  Develops federal regulations to prevent, detect, and clean up releases from
  underground storage tank systems containing petroleum and hazardous
  substances

  Provides information materials that can help federal facilities comply with
  leak prevention, leak detection, and corrective action requirements

  Encourages risk-based corrective action, alternative cleanup technologies,
  and streamlined administrative procedures
TIO
• Promotes the use of innovative treatment technologies

• Streamlines the permitting process and development of orders to enable the
  use of innovative treatment technologies

• Chairs and coordinates the activities of the Federal Remediation Technology
  Roundtable

• Facilitates efforts to establish public-private partnership demonstration and
  testing of technologies at federal facilities through the Clean Sites Program
  and Remedial Technologies Development Forum
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             ORGANIZATIONAL CHART*:  EPA OFFICES  INVOLVED  IN
                         FEDERAL FACILITIES CLEANUP  AND  REUSE
                                                 Office of the
                                                Administrator
Office of General
   Counsel
 Office of Air
and Radiation
                Office of Radiation
                 and Indoor Air
 Federal Facilities
Enforcement Office
Office of Enforcement and
 Compliance Assurance
Office of Environmental     U.S. Environmental
     Justice       Protection Agency Regions
Office of Research
and Development
                                  Office of Federal
                                     Activities
     Technology Innovation   Office of Solid Waste and
          Office         Emergency Response
                       Federal Facilities Restoration
                          and Reuse Office
                                      This organizational chart does not include
                                      all of EPA's many offices. Rather, it
                                      includes only those that are involved in the
                                      cleanup and reuse of federal facilities.
                                      Puzzle pieces denote offices which are
                                      described in this brochure.
 Office of Emergency and
  Remedial Response
      Office of Solid Waste
          Office of Underground
             Storage Tanks

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                          FEDERAL FACILITIES
              RESTORATION AND  REUSE OFFICE
                       "Our mission is to build partnerships that provide faster, more
                       effective, and less costly cleanup and reuse of federal facilities."
                                                       — JAMES WOOLFORD, DIRECTOR, FFRRO
Mission
To overcome the difficulties posed by
contamination at federal facilities, the
Federal Facilities Restoration and Reuse
Office (FFRRO) works with DoD, DOE, and
other federal entities to help them develop
creative, cost-effective solutions to their
environmental problems. FFRRO's overall
mission is to facilitate faster, more effective,
and less costly cleanup and reuse of federal
facilities. By focusing on partnering and
public involvement, FFRRO and its
counterpart offices in the EPA regions have
made great strides in improving federal
facilities cleanup.

Role
FFRRO is located in the Office of Solid
Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER).
FFRRO has the lead role in communicating
with Congress, other federal agencies, states,
and program stakeholders in these matters.
Formed in 1994, FFRRO functions with the
following specific goals in mind:
  •  Protect human health and the environment
    at and near federal facilities, while also
    minimizing the expenditure of taxpayer
    dollars
  •  Rebuild local communities while
    protecting human health and the
    environment
  •  Enhance the  cleanup process
  •  Ensure effective stakeholder
    involvement at federal facilities by putting
    citizens first

In support of these goals, FFRRO is
responsible for activities that support policy
development and implementation, outreach
and training, stakeholder participation, and
interagency coordination.

Support for policy development and
implementation:  Active participation in the
development and implementation of
policy and guidance that affect cleanup
and reuse at federal facilities is a
commitment of FFRRO. Particular
emphasis is placed on policy development
and resource management for the Fast
Track Cleanup Program at closing and
realigning military bases.

To ensure that policies are implemented
consistently throughout the nation, FFRRO
communicates regularly with staff of the
EPA regions. This coordinated effort allows
the quick identification and resolution of
implementation issues.

Outreach and Training: Outreach efforts
by FFRRO include the dissemination of
information through the production of
publications. FFRRO produces brochures,
success stories, and fact sheets on issues such
as partnering, stakeholder involvement,
innovative technology use, and
environmental justice at federal facilities.
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     In addition, FFRRO provides support for
     training courses that enhance the knowledge
     and capabilities of federal and state staff
     tasked with implementing the cleanup
     program. Information about workshops,
     conferences, meetings, and seminars
     can be found on FFRRO's home page
     (http://www.epa.gov/swerffrr), which
     provides users with an interactive calendar
     of events.

     Stakeholder participation: FFRRO
     coordinated meetings and managed the
     Federal Facilities Environmental Restoration
     Dialogue Committee (FFERDC), which
     brought together various stakeholders to
     develop consensus recommendations aimed at
     improving the process for making decisions
     for cleanup efforts at federal facilities. These
     recommendations are outlined in the FFERDC
     report.  As a result of the FFERDC report,
     about 250 restoration advisory boards
     (RAB) and 10 site-specific advisory boards
     (SSAB) have been established at installations
     nationwide. RABs, which include community
     members, military officials, and state and
     federal regulators, foster teamwork by
     bringing members of the community together
     with military officials and government
     regulators to discuss cleanup issues. Similarly,
     DOE's SSABs are independent citizen boards
     that develop consensus recommendations for
     government decision makers.

     Environmental groups, labor organizations,
     and community groups with which FFRRO
     currently collaborates include:

       • Citizens for Environmental Justice
       • The Association of State and  Territorial Solid
         Waste Management Officials
       • The National Association of
         Attorneys General
       • The International City/County
         Management Association
Working with representatives of these entities
helps FFRRO to ensure that social, cultural,
and economic factors are considered when
making decisions at federal facilities.

Interagency coordination:  FFRRO is
committed to close participation with other
federal agencies. To that end, FFRRO
participates on the Defense Environmental
Response Task Force (DERTF). The DERTF
was created by Congress to provide
recommendations on environmental
restoration at BRAC facilities.

FFRRO also participates on DOE's
Environmental Management Advisory Board
(EMAB), which provides a forum for
representatives of EPA, academia, and private
industry to research and discuss issues
concerning DOE's Environmental
Management Program. These issues include
privatization, the 2006 Plan, and strategic
integration. After recommendations are
approved by the EMAB, they are forwarded to
DOE's Assistant Secretary for Environmental
Management for consideration and response.

In addition, FFRRO co-chairs the FFLC, a
coordinating body within EPA that provides
direction and leadership on federal facility
cleanup efforts.  The FFLC  is a forum for
addressing a wide spectrum of federal facility
cleanup issues, including compliance,
technical, enforcement, financial, budgeting,
and legislative and political issues. The
Federal Facilities Leadership Council (FFLC)
includes regional federal facility project
managers, regional counsels, and
Headquarters staff from FFRRO and FFEO.
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        FEDERAL  FACILITIES  ENFORCEMENT OFFICE
                        "Our goal is to work closely with federal agencies to improve
                        management of environmental programs and specifically to ensure
                        compliance with the nation's environmental laws by using a wide
                        variety of enforcement and compliance tools to provide equal
                        protection of human health and the environment."
                                                      — CRAIG HOOKS, ACTING DIRECTOR, FFEO
Mission
The Federal Facilities Enforcement Office
(FFEO) is EPA's front-line office in ensuring
that federal facilities take all necessary actions
to prevent, control, and abate environmental
pollution.  FFEO efforts include:

  •  Participating in enforcement negotiations
  •  Tracking compliance by federal facilities
  •  Overseeing enforcement activities undertaken
    by the EPA regions
  •  Developing national federal facility enforce-
    ment and compliance policy and guidance
FFEO is responsible for resolving federal
enforcement disputes between EPA and other
agencies. In nationally significant cases, FFEO
coordinates actions with the EPA regions to
issue compliance orders and develop
interagency agreements.

Role
FFEO is located in the Office of Enforcement
and Compliance Assurance (OECA). FFEO
coordinates OECA's federal facilities
enforcement, compliance assurance, and
assistance  efforts to meet those requirements
and has the lead role in communicating
with Congress, other agencies, states, and
program stakeholders on those matters.

FFEO's Site Remediation and Enforcement
staff work primarily with federal agencies and
other  offices in EPA to streamline enforcement
and cleanup at federal facilities. Specific
responsibilities include:

  • Reviewing, coordinating, and participating
    in the negotiation and implementation of
    interagency agreements and memoranda of
    understanding under the Comprehensive
    Environmental Response, Compensation,
    and Liability Act (CERCLA)
  • Coordinating development of CERCLA
    enforcement policy with EPA regions
    through the Federal Facilities Leadership
    Council (FFLC)
  • Developing regulations, policies, guidance,
    and strategies for federal facilities enforce-
    ment under the Resource Conservation
    and Recovery Act (RCRA) and other
    environmental statutes
FFEO's Planning, Prevention, and Compliance
staff are responsible for initiatives to prevent
noncompliance and to oversee compliance
and enforcement activities at federal facilities.
Responsibilities include:

  • Developing, coordinating, and tracking
    compliance assurance and assistance efforts
    related to federal facilities, thereby improving
    environmental management and auditing
    programs
  • Promoting goals related to pollution
    prevention and environmental justice
    through implementation of Executive
    Orders 12856,12898, and other
    Executive Orders
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       • Managing the Federal Facilities Multi-Media
         Enforcement and Compliance Program, the
         environmental management program for
         oversight of federal agencies' environmental
         compliance budget requests (known as
         the "Fed Plan" [formerly known as the
         A-106 program])
       • Facilitating the use of innovative
         environmental technologies to attain
         prevention, compliance, and
         cleanup goals
     FFEO heads up the EPA/Federal Agency
     Environmental Roundtable, in which
     50 federal departments and agencies
     participate.  The roundtable was established
     under authority of Executive Order 12088
     to fulfill EPA's mandate to provide
     consultation and technical assistance to other
     federal agencies. The roundtable has been in
     continual operation at EPA for more than 10
     years, and offers staff of federal agencies a
     steady stream of information to keep them
     up-to-date on EPA policy, existing and
     pending standards and regulations,  and the
     latest in environmental research.
June 1997                                        11

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            REGIONAL FEDERAL  FACILITY OFFICES
                   "In addition to staff at EPA Headquarters, over 300 staff support the
                  federal facilities program at EPA's ten regional offices. Most of the success
                   of the federal facilities program can be attributed to EPA's regional federal
                  facilities site managers, support staff, and their management."
                                                         — JAMES WOOLFORD, DIRECTOR, FFRRO
EPA regional federal facility offices are
responsible for assuring compliance with
environmental laws, such as RCRA and
CERCLA, and regulations. They also are
responsible for the coordination and
implementation of the policies and programs
of FFRRO and FFEO at the regional level.
Regional offices are involved in a variety of
activities associated  with federal facilities,
including:
   • Managing enforcement programs
   • Managing tracking, oversight, and
    compliance planning activities
   • Providing technical and program
    assistance, training, and outreach for
    federal facilities
   • Encouraging pollution prevention at
    federal facilities
   • Encouraging use of innovative remedial
    technologies
   • Fostering innovative project management in
    the execution of streamlined response actions
   • Working to creatively solve problems with
    federal facility partners in the use of resources
   • Acting as mediator between the state's
    hazardous waste authority and the federal
    facility
   • Implementing the Fast Track Cleanup
    Program at closing and realigning bases
  • Promoting community involvement in
    restoration and reuse decision making
EPA regional project managers have played a
significant role in accelerating the cleanup
program at federal facilities. Following are a
few of their many success stories.

Fostering Innovation

At the Sacramento Army Depot, located in
Sacramento, California, a partnership
consisting of EPA Region 9, the Army, state
and local agencies, and the community
expedited cleanup of the installation's
contaminated soil and groundwater, which
facilitated the transfer  and reuse of property.
This successful base conversion effort has
contributed to the revitalization of the local
economy.  Packard-Bell relocated its world
headquarters to the installation, creating more
than 3,000 new jobs.
Bergstrom Air Force Base, located in Austin,
Texas was placed on a fast-track cleanup
schedule to meet the city's need for a new
airport.  An executive team made up of staff of
EPA Region 6, city agencies, state agencies,
and the Air Force Base Conversion Agency
was formed to facilitate restoration and
conversion.  The team  is working to expedite
site investigation and cleanup plans. As a
result, the April 1999 deadline for the opening
of the Austin-Bergstrom International Airport
will be met.
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     Working for Creative
     Problem Solving

     At Umatilla Chemical Depot, located in
     Hermiston, Oregon, EPA Region 10 advocated
     the use of innovative treatment and on-site
     analytical technologies for the cleanup
     of explosives and metals in soil and
     groundwater. Use of bioremediation and
     solidification/stabilization treatment and
     on-site colorimetric, immunoassay, and x-ray
     fluorescence field methods has avoided more
     than $14 million in cleanup costs. The on-site
     colorimetric and immunoassay methods have
     provided real-time data for monitoring soil
     and groundwater treatment processes,
     reducing sample costs from $250 per sample
     to $60 per sample, and reducing the time
     needed to conduct analysis from three weeks
     to one day. Technology evaluation and
     implementation was made possible by close
     coordination among Umatilla Chemical
     Depot, EPA Region 10, the Oregon
     Department of Environmental Quality, the
   U.S. Army Environmental Center, the
   U. S. Army Corps of Engineers-Seattle District,
   and the Army Cold Regions Research and
   Engineering Laboratory.

   The efforts of the cleanup team at Naval Air
   Station Cecil Field, located in Jacksonville,
   Florida, resulted in cost-avoidance of more than
   $9 million. These efforts clearly show how
   effective partnerships based on mutual trust can
   solve environmental problems, while saving time
   and money. The Navy, EPA Region 4, and the
   Florida State Department of Environmental
   Protection developed  several time-saving
   methods of reviewing cleanup documents. The
   community, through the RAB, also was involved
   in the review process. The partners reached
   consensus on cleanup decisions and
   implemented innovative ways of conducting
   sampling of contamination at the site. The
   success of these common-sense approaches
   depended on mutual trust among team members.
   The team developed a rapid investigation
   program and revamped its approach to
   reviewing decision documents.
June 1997
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                        OTHER EPA  OFFICES
                     Office of
                     Emergency
                     and Remedial
                     Response
                     EPA's Office of
                     Emergency and
Remedial Response (OERR) is committed to
protecting human health and the
environment now and in the future by
reducing risks posed by abandoned and
uncontrolled hazardous waste sites; ensuring
those responsible for contamination are held
accountable for cleaning it up; promoting
economic redevelopment  of contaminated
properties; and by involving the public early
and in a meaningful way in the Superfund
process. OERR does these things by
developing national policy, regulations, and
guidelines for control of hazardous waste
sites, and preventing and  responding to spills
of oil and hazardous substances.

OERR provides technical guidance to federal
facilities on implementing the Superfund
Program, including emergency response and
long-term site cleanup and remediation.
OERR focuses on accelerating cleanups at
both federal facilities and  other sites, and
seeks to find ways to make clean ups faster,
fairer, and more efficient by involving
affected communities early in the Superfund
process and giving them a voice, including
providing assistance in the form of Technical
Assistance Grants, support through
Community Advisory Groups, and involving
the affected community in the risk
assessment and remedy selection.
Office of Environmental Justice
EPA's Office of Environmental Justice (OEJ)
manages a national program to ensure
integration of environmental justice into all
operations of EPA. OEJ ensures that EPA
evaluates the impacts of environmental
burdens on minority populations, low-income
populations, and American Indian Tribes.
OEJ also identifies and implements remedies
that can reduce disproportionate risks in
communities.  Through the Interagency
Working Group on Environmental Justice,
EPA provides leadership to the other federal
agencies as they work to implement Executive
Order 12898, and use the Council on
Environmental Quality's (CEQ) draft
guidance  on environmental justice to meet the
requirements of the National Environmental
Policy Act (NEPA).

Office of Federal Activities
The Office of Federal Activities (OFA) has
program responsibilities for the Environmental
Review Process, also known as EPA's "309
Review Process." The program implements
the Administrator's responsibilities under
Section 309 of the Clean Air Act, which
authorizes EPA to review certain actions of
other federal agencies in accordance with the
requirements of NEPA and to make the results
of those reviews public.

If another federal agency prepares an
environmental impact statement (a NEPA
document) related to a cleanup action, EPA
will review that document in accordance with
its authority under Section 309. In most
situations, the environmental impact
statement is reviewed by the EPA regional
office in which the project is located.
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     Office of General Counsel
     The Office of General Counsel (OGC) works
     closely with FFRRO, FFEO, and other EPA
     program offices involved in federal facilities
     cleanup. Specifically, OGC provides legal
     advice and counsel in rule makings, dispute
     resolution, and grant and contract matters that
     may arise in the federal facilities cleanup
     process.  OGC also assists in the formulation
     and administration of EPA's guidances and
     policies for federal facilities.

     The Office of Radiation and
     Indoor Air
     The EPA Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
     (ORIA) protects the public and the
     environment from exposures to radiation and
     indoor air pollutants. In carrying out its
     radiation protection activities, the office plays
     an important role in the cleanup and
     operation of federal facilities that use or store
     radioactive materials.  Working closely with
     the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
     Response (OSWER), ORIA develops directives
     and guidance for radiation cleanups at
     Superfund sites, some of which are operated
     by DOE and DoD. To further support
     Superfund radiation cleanups, ORIA also
     produces technical documents on risk
     assessment and remediation technologies.
     Additionally, through its Headquarters staff,
     EPA regions, and two laboratories, ORIA
     provides technical assistance with modeling
     and land use issues to other EPA programs
     and to other federal agencies involved in
     cleaning up radioactive contamination.

     Since 1992, ORIA has been extensively
     involved in regulating the release of
     radionuclides from a Waste Isolation Pilot
     Plant (WIPP), operated by DOE. ORIA
     responsibilities include finalizing EPA safety
     standards for radioactive waste disposal and
     issuing compliance criteria. Further, before the
     plant can begin operation, ORIA must certify
   that the facility complies with EPA standards
   and, every five years thereafter, must recertify
   compliance. ORIA also is responsible for
   setting EPA radiation health and safety
   standards for the potential disposal of high-
   level radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel
   at a DOE site at Yucca Mountain, Nevada.

   Under the Uranium Mill Tailing Radiation
   Control Act, ORIA standards limit radon
   emissions from DOE-controlled uranium mill
   tailings piles.  Mill tailings are wastes
   generated during the refining of uranium ore.

   Office of Research  and
   Development
   EPA's Office of Research and Development
   (ORD) is the scientific and  technological arm
   of EPA, responsible for the research and
   development needs of EPA. ORD pursues a
   basic strategy of risk assessment and risk
   management to remediate environmental and
   health problems.  ORD is active in a number
   of research activities in which federal facilities
   are involved, such as development of
   guidance on the use of natural attenuation
   and other bioprocesses. In carrying out such
   research, ORD interacts with a number of
   other EPA offices, such as OSWER; the Office
   of Water; the Office of Pesticides, Prevention,
   and Toxic Substances; regional and state
   offices; DoD; industry; and academia. ORD
   focuses on the advancement of basic, peer-
   reviewed scientific research and the
   implementation of cost-effective, common-
   sense technology.

   Office of Solid Waste
   The mission of the Office of Solid Waste
   (OSW) is to protect human health and the
   environment by fostering responsible national
   waste management practices. The program's
   goals are: to conserve resources by reducing
   waste; to prevent future waste disposal
   problems by writing results-oriented
lune 1997
15

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regulations; and to clean up areas where
waste may have spilled, leaked, or been
improperly disposed of. OSW programs are
primarily managed and implemented by
individual states.

In addition to states, OSW works closely with
other federal agencies, tribes, industry, and the
concerned public to ensure the safe
management of hazardous and nonhazardous
waste.  These shared responsibilities help to
more accurately measure program
performance. Nearly all RCRA policies and
regulations are directly relevant to federal
facilities.

In administering the national waste
management program, OSW maintains a
national inventory system of RCRA
hazardous waste handlers. The inventory
contains the  identification and location data
for all hazardous waste handlers, including
federally owned and operated facilities that
treat, store, or dispose of hazardous waste.

OSW routinely partners with other federal
agencies to develop and pilot many waste
management programs. Of particular note is
the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, initiated by
DOE several years ago.  This project is one of
the first attempts to safely dispose of
radioactive waste using RCRA-approved
disposal methods. More recently, OSW
worked closely with DoD and the individual
military services to issue a rule that identifies
when conventional and chemical military
munitions become hazardous waste under
RCRA. This rule also contains provisions for
storing and transporting munitions that are
hazardous waste.

OSW's RCRA responsibilities also are to
ensure the safe management of municipal,
industrial, and extractive solid wastes.
Management policies for these wastes rely
heavily on voluntary and  educational
programs  directed at all sectors, including
federal facilities.
One of RCRA's chief provisions establishes a
government buy-recycled program to enhance
markets for materials diverted or recovered
from the solid waste stream. OSW designates
items that are made with recovered materials
and recommends practices for procuring these
items.  Once such items are designated,
federal facilities (and their contractors) that
use appropriated federal funds must begin
purchasing the designated recycled items.
OSW designates these recycled content items
in a Comprehensive Procurement Guideline
and its related Recovered Materials Advisory
Notice.  Currently, there are 19 items in seven
product categories containing recycled content
that are available for government procuring
agencies to purchase. Item designations are
codified in 40 Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR) Part 247.

Office of Underground
Storage Tanks
Many federal facilities own or operate
underground storage tanks (UST) that contain
petroleum and other regulated substances.
Under Subtitle I of RCRA, EPA's Office of
Underground Storage Tanks (OUST) has
developed regulations to prevent, detect, and
clean up releases from UST systems.  OUST
developed the regulations and the UST
program to be flexible and to be implemented
by state agencies.  Every state and many local
governments  now have active UST cleanup
programs. Federal facilities, like other owners
and operators of USTs, work with their state
agencies to remediate sites affected by
leaking USTs.

One of OUST's highest priorities is to help
state UST agencies achieve faster, cheaper,
and more effective cleanups. OUST's ongoing
efforts focus on three approaches to meeting
that goal: encouraging risk-based corrective
action programs in states, promoting the use
of alternative  cleanup technologies, and
                                          16
                                       lune 1997

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     supporting activities that streamline state
     administrative procedures.

     OUST has developed a variety of
     outreach materials to assist tank owners
     and operators to comply with UST regulations
     and to improve UST cleanups. For more
     information on the federal program or to
     order publications, contact the
     RCRA/Superfund/UST Hotline at
     1-800-424-9346 or visit OUST's Web site
     at http://www.epa.gov/OUST/.

     Technology Innovation Office
     EPA's Technology Innovation Office (TIO)
     promotes the development and use of
     innovative technologies for site assessment
     and remediation.  TIO's mission is to increase
     the application of  innovative treatment
     technologies by government and industry at
     contaminated waste sites. Increased use of
     such technologies  will be accomplished
     through the removal of regulatory and
     institutional impediments, and the provision
     of better technology and market information
     to TIO's targeted audience which includes
     federal agencies, states, consulting
     engineering firms, potentially responsible
     parties, technology developers, and the
     investment community.
   TIO accomplishes its mission at federal
   facilities by:

    •  Promoting the use of innovative treatment
       technologies when such treatment is
       appropriate
    •  Encouraging the evaluation and use of new
       field measurement and monitoring methods
    •  Streamlining the permitting process and
       development of orders to enable the use of
       innovative treatment technologies
    •  Researching and disseminating information
       about innovative technologies that aid in the
       characterization and cleanup of contamination
   TIO sponsors the Federal Remediation
   Technologies Roundtable, which was
   established in 1990 as an interagency
   committee to exchange information and
   provide a forum for joint action to support the
   development and demonstration of innovative
   technologies for remediation of hazardous
   waste. The Roundtable includes members
   from EPA, DoD, DOE, DOI, NASA, and other
   federal agencies.  Members currently are
   working to standardize the collection and
   reporting of cost and performance information
   on innovative technologies.
lune 1997
17

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FOR MORE INFORMATION ON FEDERAL FACILITIES

EPA Office
Federal Facilities Restoration
and Reuse Office (FFRRO)
Federal Facilities Enforcement
Office (FFEO)
Office of Emergency and
Remedial Response (OERR)
Office of Environmental
Justice (OEJ)
Office of Federal Activities
(OFA)
Office of General Counsel
(OGC)
Office of Radiation and
Indoor Air (ORIA)
Office of Research and
Development (ORD)
Office of Solid Waste (OSW)
Office of Underground
Storage Tanks (OUST)
Technology Innovation
Office (TIO)
U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency
Headquarters
(General Information)
Main Telephone
and Fax Number
Ph (202)260-9924
Fax (202) 260-5646
Ph (202)564-2466
Fax (202) 501-0069
Ph (703)603-8960
Fax (703) 603-9146
Ph (202)564-2515
Fax (202) 501-0740
Ph (202)564-2400
Fax (202) 564-0070
Ph (202)260-8040
Fax (202) 260-8046
Ph (202)233-9320
Fax (202) 233-9651
Ph (202)260-7676
Fax (202) 260-9761
Ph (703)308-8895
Fax (703) 308-0513
Ph (703)603-9900
Fax (703) 603-9163
Ph (703)603-9910
Fax (703) 603-9135
Ph (202)260-2090
Mailing Address
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 5101
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 2261A
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 5201G
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 2201A
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20044
MC: 2251A
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 2310
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 6601J
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 8101
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 5301W
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 5401G
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
MC: 5102G
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
Internet Address
http://www.epa.gov/
swerffrr
http://www.epa.gov/
oecarth/index/html
http://www.epa.gov/
oswer/superfund
http://es.inel.gov/oeca/
oej.html
http://es.inel.gov/oeca/
OFA
None
http://www.epa.gov/
oar/oria.html
http://www.epa.gov/
ORD
http://www.epa.gov/
epaoswer
http://www.epa.gov/
OUST/
http://www.cluein.com
http://www.epa.gov


                     18
June 1997

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                                         SUMMARY
                                EPA has many resources that can

                           provide assistance on environmental issues

                           related to federal facilities. Understanding

                              the distinct roles of the various offices

                              at EPA will enable you to locate more

                              easily a vast wealth of information and

                             resources.  Once you know which offices

                                of the Agency are responsible for

                                handling the various aspects of the

                              federal facilities program, you can go

                             straight to the source for the information

                             you need most. Hopefully, this brochure

                              will help you to forge sound working

                                relationships with key personnel

                                at the Agency and solve the puzzle

                                of how to communicate effectively

                                           with EPA.
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                           To order additional copies of this brochure,

                           contact the Superfund Document Center at:

                                       Phone (703) 603-9232

                                    Facsimile (703) 603-9240.
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