United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
oEPA FACTOIDS:
Drinking Water
and
Ground Water
Statistics for
2002
-------
Office of Ground Water and
Drinking Water (4606M)
EPA816-K-03-001
www. epa. gov/safewater
January 2003
Printed on Recycled Paper
-------
There are approximately 160,000 public drinking water systems in the United States. Each of these
systems regularly supplies drinking water to at least 25 people or 15 service connections. Beyond
their common purpose, the 160,000 systems vary widely. The following tables group water systems
into categories that show their similarities and differences. For example, the first table shows that
most people in the US (268 milion) get their water from a community water system. There are
approximately 54,000 community water systems, but just seven percent of those systems (3,797)
serve 81 percent of the people. The second table shows that more water systems have ground
water than surface water as a source-but more people drink from a surface water system. Other
tables break down these national numbers by state, territory, and EPA region.
This package also contains figures on the types and locations of underground injection control
wells. EPA and states regulate the placement and operation of these wells to ensure that they do
not threaten underground sources of drinking water.
The drinking water system statistics on the following pages are taken from the Safe Drinking Water
Information System/Federal version (SDWIS/Fed). SDWIS/Fed is the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's official record of public drinking water systems, their violations of state and
EPA regulations, and enforcement actions taken by EPA or states as a result of those violations.
EPA maintains the database using information collected and submitted by the states. The
underground injection control program statistics are based on separate reporting from the states to
EPA. For more information and additional drinking water data tables, please visit
http://www.epa.gov/safewater/data/getdata.html.
Acronyms & Abbeviations:
CWS: Community Water System
FY: (federal) Fiscal Year [October 1-September 30]
M/R: Monitoring/Reporting violation [water system's failure to monitor for, or report to the state, the
level of a contaminant on the required schedule]
MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level [the legal limit on a contaminant in drinking water]
NTNCWS: Non-Transient Non-Community Water System
Other: Other violations of EPA rules (including failure to provide public notice of another violation,
or failure to prepare and/or distribute a Consumer Confidence Report)
Pop. Served: Population served (by a water system)
PWS: Public Water System
PWSS: Public Water System Supervision program
SDWIS/FED: Safe Drinking Water System/Federal version
TNCWS: Transient Non-Community Water System
TT: Treatment Technique [a drinking water treatment required by EPA or state rules]
-------
FY2002 Drinking Water Factoids
Public Water System Inventory data
Active, current systems, from Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal version (SDWIS/FED) 02Q4 frozen inventory table
System size
by population served
Very Small
500 or less
Small
501-3,300
Medium
3,301-10,000
Large
10,001-100,000
Very Large
>100,000
Total
cws
NTNCWS
TNCWS
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
30,703 14,331 4,606 3,436 361
5,044,743 20,179,648 26,716,617 96,258,363 119,523,295
57% 27% 9% 6% 1%
2% 8% 10% 36% 45%
15,887 2,690 93 14 3
2,217,679 2,643,065 467,436 324,563 380,046
85% 14% 0% 0% 0%
37% 44% 8% 5% 6%
86,384 2,685 100 17 6
7,337,976 2,645,455 538,268 369,813 11,958,001
97% 3% 0% 0% 0%
32% 12% 2% 2% 52%
53,437
267,722,666
100%
100%
18,687
6,032,789
100%
100%
89,192
22,849,513
100%
100%
Total # systems
132,974
19,706
4,799
3,467
370
161,316
CWS = Community Water System: A public water system that supplies water to the same population year-round.
NTNCWS = Non-Transient Non-Community Water System: A public water system that regularly supplies water to at least 25 of the
same people at least six months per year, but not year-round. Some examples are schools, factories, office buildings, and hospitals
which have their own water systems.
TNCWS = Transient Non-Community Water System: A public water system that provides water in a place such as a gas station or
campground where people do not remain for long periods of time.
Water source
Type
Ground Water Surface Water
Totals
CWS
NTNCWS
TNCWS
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
# systems
Pop. served
% of systems
% of pop
41,691 11,746
84,025,121 183,697,545
78% 22%
31 % 69%
17,931 756
5,297,615 735,174
96% 4%
88% 12%
87,130 2,062
12,107,193 10,742,320
98% 2%
53% 47%
53,437
267,722,666
100%
100%
18,687
6,032,789
100%
100%
89,192
22,849,513
100%
100%
Total # systems
146,752
101,429,929
14,564
195,175,039
161,316
Ground water systems = ground water (GW), purchased ground water (GWP)
Surface water systems = surface water (SW), purchased surface water (SWP),
ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GU),
purchased ground water under the direct influence of surface water (GUP).
SDWIS/FED 02Q4 tables are "frozen" in early January 2003
-------
FY2002 water system data--by State
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 02Q4 frozen violations table
Key:
AK
AL
AR
AZ
CA
CO
CT
DC
DE
FL
GA
HI
IA
ID
IL
IN
KS
KY
LA
MA
MD
ME
Ml
MN
MO
MS
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
433 209 931
456,465 44,695 96,172
581 33 77
5,113,337 19,648 7,578
728 122 280
2,440,174 13,218 16,510
796 208 653
4,714,686 139,092 137,770
3,031 72 2,897
31,646,479 21,284 10,963,062
907 1 79 1 ,008
4,437,972 81 ,605 1 ,233,645
578 667 1 ,803
2,673,210 126,720 62,348
2
595,000
246 100 215
817,003 26,535 50,897
1 ,945 1 ,053 3,487
16,126,113 269,467 304,128
1 ,664 262 589
7,049,878 73,497 91 ,957
116 9 4
1,285,174 6,385 500
1,144 150 665
2,494,781 48,805 83,237
742 243 1 ,057
909,087 48,794 116,611
1 ,798 434 3,445
11,231,157 156,425 383,301
865 692 2,815
4,467,086 209,888 388,634
918 60 103
2,512,616 25,390 4,019
439 64 158
4,431,770 25,591 11,748
1,146 198 352
4,847,721 84,877 73,199
519 244 914
8,910,402 68,239 143,447
499 565 2,705
4,438,678 160,902 159,609
392 375 1 ,226
614,879 72,785 199,389
1 ,470 1 ,744 8,966
7,208,799 484,444 1 ,264,039
957 584 6,403
4,006,972 97,749 453,067
1 ,453 254 1 ,027
4,818,596 80,491 136,850
1,187 98 122
2,969,491 81,440 25,015
1,573
597,332
691
5,140,563
1,130
2,469,902
1,657
4,991 ,548
6,000
42,630,825
2,094
5,753,222
3,048
2,862,278
2
595,000
561
894,435
6,485
16,699,708
2,515
7,215,332
129
1,292,059
1,959
2,626,823
2,042
1 ,074,492
5,677
11,770,883
4,372
5,065,608
1,081
2,542,025
661
4,469,109
1,696
5,005,797
1,677
9,122,088
3,769
4,759,189
1,993
887,053
12,180
8,957,282
7,944
4,557,788
2,734
5,035,937
1,407
3,075,946
1 ,333 240
294,836 302,496
424 267
1,482,263 3,658,300
710 420
918,912 1,550,990
1 ,430 227
1,371,351 3,620,197
5,044 956
8,168,520 34,462,305
1 ,634 460
1 ,694,430 4,058,792
2,981 67
487,230 2,375,048
2
595,000
556 5
427,805 466,630
6,421 64
14,242,553 2,457,155
2,302 213
1,642,076 5,573,256
113 16
1,169,290 122,769
1,808 151
1,478,768 1,148,055
1 ,965 77
1,007,173 67,319
4,983 694
3,330,456 8,440,427
4,237 135
2,759,006 2,306,602
751 330
810,072 1,731,953
290 371
370,075 4,099,034
1,612 84
3,009,656 1,996,141
1 ,498 1 79
2,195,101 6,926,987
3,674 95
852,193 3,906,996
1,910 83
457,679 429,374
1 1 ,872 308
3,446,294 5,510,988
7,832 112
3,130,897 1,426,891
2,485 249
1,806,740 3,229,197
1 ,403 4
2,755,467 320,479
60 14%
27,089 6%
20 3%
125,802 2%
85 12%
159,713 7%
103 13%
262,467 6%
54 2%
105,866 0%
58 6%
57,080 1%
67 12%
98,684 4%
0%
0%
14 6%
25,735 3%
84 4%
605,569 4%
65 4%
139,398 2%
5 4%
55,378 4%
68 6%
61 ,680 2%
75 10%
73,492 8%
164 9%
732,214 7%
77 9%
131,682 3%
80 9%
86,361 3%
18 4%
203,249 5%
101 9%
306,293 6%
92 18%
1,340,460 15%
29 6%
7,622 0%
80 20%
82,526 13%
74 5%
239,806 3%
29 3%
519,812 13%
214 15%
223,727 5%
64 5%
300,154 10%
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FY2002 water system data--by State, cont.
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 02Q4 frozen violations table
Key:
MT
NC
ND
NE
NH
NJ
NM
NV
NY
OH
OK
OR
PA
Rl
SC
SD
TN
TX
UT
VA
VT
WA
Wl
WV
WY
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
663 225 1,124
673,591 65,603 172,677
2,401 625 4,699
6,222,140 177,672 410,067
318 28 184
551,147 3,867 15,858
614 178 575
1 ,434,494 39,444 54,530
684 443 1 ,042
784,663 91,515 214,588
603 879 2,661
7,811,222 247,794 372,360
615 154 477
1,580,722 45,205 181,870
258 106 249
1,922,052 34,979 24,760
2,859 775 6,578
17,762,575 335,362 827,869
1 ,354 1 ,039 3,264
10,069,425 261,023 510,137
1,159 117 387
3,419,905 18,944 37,668
889 341 1 ,477
2,833,821 75,136 223,665
2,169 1,244 6,704
10,377,016 509,069 834,761
84 69 333
1,268,719 24,398 57,826
672 202 597
3,309,998 66,835 37,014
469 32 196
650,745 3,877 33,439
668 50 447
5,337,935 31,239 52,962
4,513 795 1,275
21,807,918 321,325 256,261
455 68 441
3,687,363 46,300 79,595
1 ,320 593 1 ,662
7,332,834 373,614 788,875
442 226 700
502,007 41,436 103,972
2,281 307 1,581
5,283,667 258,659 283,542
1,110 954 9,434
3,764,549 197,017 703,683
556 1 71 559
1 ,407,509 55,402 39,41 1
272 88 377
434,709 17,747 74,745
2,012
911,871
7,725
6,809,879
530
570,872
1,367
1 ,528,468
2,169
1 ,090,766
4,143
8,431 ,376
1,246
1 ,807,797
613
1 ,981 ,791
10,212
18,925,806
5,657
10,840,585
1,663
3,476,517
2,707
3,132,622
10,117
11,720,846
486
1 ,350,943
1,471
3,413,847
697
688,061
1,165
5,422,136
6,583
22,385,504
964
3,813,258
3,575
8,495,323
1,368
647,415
4,169
5,825,868
1 1 ,498
4,665,249
1,286
1,502,322
737
527,201
1 ,792 220
505,361 406,510
7,105 620
1,987,636 4,822,243
447 83
264,532 306,340
1 ,290 77
753,365 775,103
2,112 57
566,838 523,928
4,043 100
3,109,288 5,322,088
1 ,204 42
1 ,587,458 220,339
580 33
279,117 1,702,674
9,038 1,174
5,473,196 13,452,610
5,238 419
3,540,262 7,300,323
938 725
691,801 2,784,716
2,404 303
836,956 2,295,666
9,548 569
2,816,797 8,904,049
461 25
211,374 1,139,569
1 ,249 222
690,825 2,723,022
566 131
296,093 391 ,968
609 556
1 ,454,309 3,967,827
5,420 1,163
6,722,163 15,663,341
832 132
763,101 3,050,157
3,186 389
1,513,844 6,981,479
1,229 139
289,672 357,743
3,894 275
2,775,801 3,050,067
1 1 ,450 48
2,938,453 1,726,796
897 389
311,329 1,190,993
626 111
185,112 342,089
60 9%
41 ,808 6%
233 10%
293,573 5%
32 10%
15,305 3%
188 31%
231,612 16%
101 15%
191,680 24%
37 6%
299,758 4%
61 10%
134,633 9%
36 14%
41 ,372 2%
124 4%
1 ,630,869 9%
88 6%
232,855 2%
75 6%
632,341 18%
149 17%
232,004 8%
96 4%
285,421 3%
2 2%
300 0%
77 11%
142,898 4%
29 6%
1 1 ,651 2%
31 5%
152,010 3%
240 5%
998,095 5%
50 11%
184,509 5%
187 14%
203,074 3%
49 11%
26,365 5%
258 11%
506,706 10%
108 10%
594,666 16%
48 9%
93,101 7%
10 4%
2,153 0%
51,984 18,328 88,925 159,237 145,426 13,811 4,149
261,448,252 5,811,428 22,798,867 99,873,526 190,185,021 13,150,618
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FY2002 water system data-Tribal systems
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 02Q4 frozen violations table
Key:
Region
01
02
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
1 2 3
120 60 670
7 1
4,200 150
13 3 23
15,347 1,225 3,360
78 36 9
79,968 25,019 1,346
45 16 16
56,834 1 1 ,050 843
9 4
6,173 525
108 8 1
67,917 4,556 150
415 37 44
348,584 44,014 15,314
78 11 6
38,474 6,939 1 ,846
6
850
8
4,350
39
19,932
123
106,333
77
68,727
13
6,698
117
72,623
496
407,912
95
47,259
6
850
7 1
2,600 1,750
37 2
10,407 9,525
121 2
105,844 489
73 4
65,372 3,355
12 1
6,200 498
98 19
51 ,661 20,962
460 36
360,490 47,422
88 7
37,484 9,775
0%
0%
0%
0%
1 8%
460 3%
5 6%
882 1%
10 22%
18,612 33%
2 22%
3,250 53%
9 8%
4,192 6%
8 2%
18,893 5%
14 18%
8,789 23%
754 113 107 974 902 72 49
617,617 92,863 24,204 640,908 93,776 55,078
FY2002 water system data-Commonwealths and Territories
Active, current systems, from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen inventory table
Health-based (Treatment Technique & Maximum Contaminant Level) violations, from 02Q4 frozen violations table
Key:
Amer.
Samoa
Guam
N. Marianas
Islands
Puerto Rico
Palau
Virgin
Islands
CWS NTNCWS
TNCWS
Total
Ground
Surface
CWSs w/ reported
health-based violations
22
52,458
10 2
109,070 770
80 35 15
103,435 9,751 1,754
453 51 6
5,281,598 44,923 2,414
16 2
12,060 1,163
118 156 139
98,176 71,891 22,274
22
52,458
12
109,840
130
114,940
510
5,328,935
18
13,223
413
192,341
12 10
49,618 2,840
8 4
20,990 88,850
127 3
51 ,389 63,551
271 239
788,525 4,540,410
2 16
400 12,823
4 409
4,573 187,768
17 77%
51 ,733 99%
0%
0%
0%
0%
263 58%
3,865,975 73%
0%
0%
11 9%
2,975 3%
699 246 160 1,105 424 681 291
5,656,797 128,498 26,442 915,495 4,896,242 3,920,683
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Government Performance and Results Act--PWSS measure
GPRA requires agencies to develop plans for what they intend to accomplish, measure how well they are
doing, make appropriate decisions based on the information they have gathered, and communicate
information about their performance to Congress and to the public.
EPA's goal is that by 2005, the population served by community water systems providing drinking
water that meets all existing health-based standards will increase to 95% from a baseline of 83%
in 1994.
Nationally
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
94%
91%
91%
91%
89%
87%
86%
84%
83%
79%
By region
1 2
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
88%
65%
62%
75%
64%
62%
60%
57%
57%
60%
81%
77%
76%
61%
60%
55%
53%
52%
55%
56%
CT NJ
ME NY
MA PR
NH VI
Rl
VT
3
98%
98%
97%
98%
97%
97%
92%
91%
87%
85%
DE
DC
MD
PA
VA
WV
4
96%
95%
95%
95%
95%
93%
93%
92%
90%
90%
AL
FL
GA
KY
MS
NC
SC
TN
5
94%
92%
95%
95%
95%
92%
92%
92%
88%
77%
IL
IN
Ml
MN
OH
Wl
6
93%
96%
96%
95%
95%
93%
94%
88%
87%
92%
AR
LA
NM
OK
TX
7
95%
90%
95%
95%
94%
95%
95%
95%
94%
93%
IA
KS
MO
NE
8
97%
94%
94%
94%
93%
91%
92%
90%
91%
92%
CO
MT
ND
SD
UT
WY
9
99%
97%
94%
97%
95%
95%
91%
88%
90%
69%
AZ
CA
HI
NV
AS
GU
MP
PW
10
91%
83%
83%
94%
89%
74%
74%
75%
87%
85%
AK
ID
OR
WA
Health-based violations include Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) and Treatment Technique (TT) violations.
Population data are based on active, current water systems
For FY2002, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen tables.
For FY2001, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen tables. CA population data from OOQ4 frozen tables
For FY2000, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED OOQ4 frozen tables.
For FY1999, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 99Q4 frozen tables.
For FY1998, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 98Q4 frozen tables.
For FY1997 and earlier, population and violation data are from SDWIS/FED 98Q1 frozen tables.
-------
CWS violations reported
byFY
FY2002 data from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY2001 data from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY2000 data from SDWIS/FED OOQ4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY1999 data from SDWIS/FED 99Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY1998 data from SDWIS/FED 98Q4 frozen tables, except for Chem
FY1997 and earlier data from SDWIS 98Q1 frozen tables
Number of violations
M/Rs which will be from 03Q1
M/Rs which are from 02Q1
M/Rs which are from 01Q1
M/Rs which are from OOQ1
M/Rs which are from 99Q1
FY MCL
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
4,693
5,231
4,754
5,497
6,315
5,785
TT
2,408
2,493
3,053
2,202
2,503
2,707
M/R
80,635
63,476
51,912
56,307
52,998
63,432
Other*
1 1 ,759
1 1 ,455
10,634
1,025
1,614
1,473
Total
99,495
82,655
70,353
65,031
63,430
73,397
Number of systems in violation
Population affected
FY MCL
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
3,193
3,241
3,161
3,298
3,733
3,710
TT
1,482
1,572
1,682
1,046
1,095
1,094
M/R
12,430
13,639
13,736
9,259
9,853
10,809
Other*
8,386
8,631
8,937
618
893
861
Total
20,232
20,996
21,308
1 1 ,946
12,868
13,864
FY MCL
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
8,800,095
11,165,733
1 1 ,947,655
11,078,268
10,384,541
13,843,906
TT
9,245,467
15,474,893
15,394,154
15,854,547
18,483,671
22,056,053
M/R
32,503,639
52,618,908
34,186,550
19,829,544
28,227,720
27,179,042
Other*
17,809,478
25,780,359
13,881,076
2,528,920
2,366,440
3,879,561
Total
56,644,512
77,845,089
62,921,077
38,124,231
48,858,948
58,038,069
by system size
Number of violations
MCL
M/R
Very small
Small
Medium
Large
Very large
Number of systems in violation
MCL TT
Very small
Small
Medium
Large
Very large
Very small
Small
Medium
Large
Very large
M/R
Population affected
MCL
M/R
Other
Other
Other
Total
2,959
1,066
341
322
5
1,279
662
226
222
19
59,415
12,787
4,488
3,363
582
8,805
2,127
492
311
24
72,458
16,642
5,547
4,218
630
Total
1,957
747
255
230
4
852
380
117
121
12
8,827
2,440
681
446
36
5,981
1,715
406
265
19
13,739
4,324
1,230
880
59
Total
315,482
1 ,058,335
1 ,591 ,865
5,147,835
686,578
144,807
522,157
681 ,352
3,437,504
4,459,647
1 ,305,352
3,270,854
3,923,829
1 1 ,439,407
12,564,197
891 ,397
2,287,317
2,306,454
6,933,662
5,390,648
2,091,341
5,870,368
7,191,586
22,750,279
18,740,938
* Jump in FY2000 due to new violations for failing to issue, or issuing an insufficient, Consumer Confidence report
** Totals for the number of systems in violation, and for population affected, should be lower than the sum in each row.
This is because some systems will have incurred more than one type of violation.
-------
NTNCWS violations reported by FY
FY2002 data from SDWIS/FED 02Q4 frozen tables, except for
FY2001 data from SDWIS/FED 01Q4 frozen tables, except for
FY2000 data from SDWIS/FED OOQ4 frozen tables, except for
FY1999 data from SDWIS/FED 99Q4 frozen tables, except for
FY1998 data from SDWIS/FED 98Q4 frozen tables, except for
FY1997 and earlier data from SDWIS/FED 98Q1 frozen tables
Number of violations
Chem M/Rs which will be from 03Q1
Chem M/Rs, which are from 02Q1
Chem M/Rs, which are from 01Q1
Chem M/Rs which are from OOQ1
Chem M/Rs which are from 99Q1
FY MCL
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1,336
1,258
1,243
1,369
1,324
1,389
TT
720
696
834
272
179
227
IWR
38,805
32,847
23,138
27,487
26,612
27,913
Other
227
305
210
145
256
156
Total
41,088
35,106
25,425
29,273
28,371
29,685
Number of systems in violation
Population affected
FY MCL
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1,005
921
925
995
959
1,023
TT
529
515
580
190
109
107
IWR
5,322
5,368
5,513
3,852
4,067
4,772
Other
155
213
169
101
164
108
Total
6,267
6,241
6,445
4,650
4,810
5,531
FY MCL
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
302,322
359,556
276,758
373,845
244,960
285,722
TT
165,522
222,120
216,701
56,710
26,063
34,087
M/R
1,566,034
1,616,708
1,759,909
883,464
1,108,715
1,311,222
Other
57,016
82,910
37,941
36,223
55,336
39,417
Total
1,897,686
2,012,850
2,075,184
1,229,143
1,306,710
1,560,659
TNCWS violations reported by
Number of violations
FY MCL TT
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
FY
M/R
Number of systems in violation
FY MCL TT
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
M/R
Population affected
FY MCL
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
M/R
Other
Other
Other
Total
4,837
4,596
4,408
4,967
5,224
5,382
626
677
309
223
287
390
39,451
38,794
35,328
36,651
28,988
33,851
2,339
1,467
915
740
2,157
1,795
47,253
45,534
40,960
42,581
36,656
41,418
Total
3,858
3,687
3,632
3,862
3,798
4,041
249
256
177
139
94
134
19,191
19,623
17,725
19,658
16,006
17,485
1,142
826
656
494
1,113
971
22,193
22,358
20,325
22,185
18,773
20,505
Total
504,967
558,780
506,759
566,066
477,911
537,539
60,692
46,987
44,406
39,547
58,575
64,156
2,154,654
2,385,309
2,568,632
2,220,821
2,071,470
2,205,834
137,795
118,847
78,759
62,786
138,161
122,530
2,552,563
2,792,810
2,979,498
2,628,376
2,423,132
2,622,932
* Totals for the number of systems in violation, and for population affected, should be lower than the sum in each row.
This is because some systems will have incurred more than one type of violation.
-------
FY2002 MCL and TT violations reported
From SDW1S/FED 02Q4 frozen violations table
Very small
25-500
Small
501-3,300
Medium
3,301-10,000
Large
10,001-100,000
Key:
# violations
# systems
Pop. affected
Very Large
>1 00,000 Total
Applies to all water systems
TCR/T
7,622
5,888
654,649
1,060
808
1,076,008
291
229
1,415,312
220
182
4,052,772
3
3
580,357
9,196
7,110
7,779,098
Organics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
TTHM (VOC)
Other VOC
SOC
8
5
397
51
43
5,171
8
7
748
8
6
8,531
3
3
4,570
2
2
2,475
3
2
15,102
2
2
8,742
21
13
208,277
5
3
61,042
37
24
217,205
62
51
85,885
12
11
11,965
Inorganics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Nitrates
Other IOC
454
340
42,865
383
179
28,392
106
70
74,752
50
27
37,595
11
7
34,124
15
7
53,612
24
5
144,416
3
3
133,911
595
422
296,157
451
216
253,510
Applies to CWS
Radionuclides
228
134
24,947
137
78
107,597
36
21
123,276
40
20
419,044
2
1
106,221
443
254
781 ,085
Applies to surface water systems
SWTR
1,297
602
94,666
479
223
310,381
177
80
466,627
149
68
1,923,165
17
10
4,146,833
2,119
983
6,941,672
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Lead & Copper
1,150
910
137,495
322
263
314,849
57
45
254,121
75
57
1,611,723
2
2
312,814
1,606
1,277
2,631,002
Acronyms:
TTHM (VOC) = Total Trihalomethanes
Other VOC = Regulated volatile organic contaminants (e.g., Benzene) other than TTHMs
SOC = Synthetic organic chemicals (e.g., Atrazine)
Other IOC = Regulated inorganic contaminants (e.g., arsenic) other than Copper, Lead, Nitrate, and Nitrite
SWTR = Surface Water Treatment Rule
TCR/T = Total Coliform Rule/
-------
FY2002 Monitoring/Reporting violations reported
From SDW1S/FED 02Q4 frozen violations table (except for Chem M/Rs)
Chem M/R data will be from SDWIS/FED 03Q1 frozen violations table, which will be frozen in April
Very small Small Medium Large
25-500 501-3,300 3,301-10,000 10,001-100,000
Applies to all water systems
TCR/T
33,071
19,140
1 ,856,258
2,616
1,666
2,036,031
337
255
1 ,455,461
166
131
3,251,681
Key:
Very Large
>1 00,000
12
9
2,523,098
# violations
# systems
Pop. affected
Total
36,202
21,201
11,122,529
Organics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
TTHM (VOC)
Other VOC
SOC
15
9
2,029
31,145
1,692
237,129
18,213
1,091
151,491
13
12
14,586
5,668
324
418,785
2,969
235
291 ,073
6
6
30,130
1,559
87
498,676
1,038
84
493,414
78
47
1,184,052
1,011
69
1,685,033
1,167
63
1,612,220
2
2
715,335
203
9
3,228,264
154
8
3,423,332
114
76
1,946,132
39,586
2,181
6,067,887
23,541
1,481
5,971,530
Inorganics:
Applies to CWS and NTNCWS
Nitrates
Other IOC
16,759
12,278
1,146,233
9,475
1,325
181,201
1,052
752
934,553
1,611
248
326,242
235
121
678,950
629
73
428,475
142
80
2,009,942
294
37
1,143,623
29
10
3,309,464
158
11
5,307,188
18,217
13,241
8,079,142
12,167
1,694
7,386,729
Applies to CWS
Radionuclides
261
218
32,667
83
61
83,675
67
20
118,776
44
14
380,988
455
313
616,106
Applies to surface water systems
SWTR
2,471
515
82,801
Applies to CWS and
Lead & Copper
10,346
6,538
873,624
595
161
205,532
NTNCWS
1,566
1,136
1,356,709
94
43
260,710
293
242
1 ,350,925
46
30
762,909
162
134
3,509,707
14
8
3,311,941
3,220
757
4,623,893
9
9
2,197,713
12,376
8,059
9,288,678
Acronyms:
TTHM (VOC) = Total Trihalomethanes
Other VOC = Regulated volatile organic contaminants (e.g., Benzene) other than TTHMs
SOC = Synthetic organic chemicals (e.g., Atrazine)
Other IOC = Regulated inorganic contaminants (e.g., arsenic) other than Copper, Lead, Nitrate, and Nitrite
SWTR = Surface Water Treatment Rule
TCR/T = Total Coliform Rule/
-------
Underground Injection Control program-inventory of wells
Types of wells:
Class I
Class II
Class III
Class IV
Class V
Deep industrial waste disposal
For oil and natural gas production
Related to mineral recovery
Banned, inject hazardous or radioactive waste above USDWs
Generally shallow disposal wells. There are an estimated 650,000 Class V wells nationally
Class I through IV data from annual reporting by states and EPA Regions
The Class V estimate is based on state estimates and modeling of storm water and large capacity septics
Class I
hazardous
waste wells
Class I non-
hazardous
waste wells
Class II wells
AK
AL
AR
AZ
CA
CO
FL
IA
IL
IN
KS
KY
LA
Ml
MO
MS
MT
ND
NE
NM
NV
NY
OH
OK
OR
PA
SD
TN
TX
UT
VA
WA
WV
WY
EPA R2 tribal
EPA R6 tribal
EPA R8 tribal
EPA R9 tribal
122
Class III
facilities
(which may Class I
contain multiple
wells)
364
146,878
Class IV
facilities
I wells (which may
contain multiple
wells)
6
1
3
4
6
17
9
6
10
60
1
6
10
6
5
136
1
7
44
1
28
15
1
2
1
5
1
2
11
10
46
3
23
925
347
1,078
24,955
787
64
1
8,949
1,340
16,371
3,429
3,824
1,459
211
881
897
377
704
5,577
12
503
2,890
1 1 ,448
2
1,897
63
14
51 ,998
256
252
1
700
4,666
12
2,674
723
542
1
3
1
2
5
15
3
1
19
6
3
1
1
86
1
1
3
12
3
15
73
35
157
67
22
1,879
104
126
47
1
10
5,789
4
3
31
8,211
1
2
1
1
164
16,577
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