Diesel Emissions Quantifier
             User's Guide
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

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                           Diesel Emissions Quantifier
                                        User's Guide
                                Transportation and Regional Programs Division
                                   Office of Transportation and Air Quality
                                   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                    NOTICE

                    This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
                    positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
                    that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
                    facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
                    technical developments.
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA-420-B-10-033
August 2010

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                     Table of Contents

                                                                                    Page

  1. Introduction	1

  2. Screen-Specific Instructions	2

   2.1 Overview Tab	2
   2.2 My Account Tab	2
   2.3 Use the Quantifier Tab	2

      2.3.1  Fleet Entry Section	2
      2.3.2  Enter New Vehicle Group Information Section	4

        2.3.2.1  Enter New Marine Vessel	6

      2.3.3  Apply a Technology to New Vehicle Group	7

        2.3.3.1  Apply a Technology to a Marine Vessel	9

      2.3.4  Save a New Vehicle Group and Technology	10
      2.3.5  Edit Data	10

        2.3.5.1  Edit Vehicle Group Information	10
        2.3.5.2  Edit Technology Information	10

      2.3.6  Calculate Results	10

        2.3.6.1  Emissions Results Screen: Summary Results Tab	10

  3. Quick Start Tab	14

  4. References Tab	14

  Appendix A: Drop-down List Options	A-l

  Appendix B: Quantifier Calculations	B-l

   1. Overview	B-l
   2. Symbols	B-l
   3. Inputs	B-l
   4. Conversion Factors and Constants	B-2
   5. Results  Calculations	B-3

      5.1  Daily/Annual Emissions Results Calculations	B-3
      5.2  Lifetime Emissions Results Calculations	B-7

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                                                            Diesel Emission Quantifier User's Guide
                                 Table of Contents (cont.)

                                                                                   Page

   6. Special Cases	B-9

      6.1 Vehicle and Engine Replacement/Repower Strategies	B-9
      6.2 Trailer Strategies	B-10
      6.3 Aerodynamic Devices	B-10

   7. Benefits Module	B-10

  Appendix C:  Scrappage Rate Tables	C-l

  Appendix D:  Locomotive Default Usage	D-l
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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                    List of Tables
  Table 1:    Annual, Daily, and Lifetime Emission Results	11
  Table A-l:  Vehicle Types and AssociatedTarget Fleets	A-l
  Table A-2:  Target Fleets and Associated Class Equipment	A-l
  Table A-3:  Horsepower Options	A-6
  Table A-4:  Displacement Options	A-8
  Table A-5:  Fuel Types	A-9
  Table A-6:  Retrofit Technology Types and Associated Technologies	A-10
  Table C-l:  On Highway Scrappage Table:  Scrappage Table Survival Fraction
             (Based on 1980 Vehicles)	C-l
  Table C-2:  NonRoad Median Life Table	C-3
  Table C-3:  NonRoad Default Scrappage Curve	C-5
  Table D-l:  Annual Activity Hours (Default Usage) for Line-Haul, Passenger, and
             Switch Locomotive	D-l
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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                Diesel Emissions Quantifier
                                       User's Guide
  1.  Introduction

         The Diesel Emissions Quantifier ("the Quantifier") is a tool that enables users to estimate
  emissions from a fleet of diesel vehicles and/or equipment.  The Quantifier can calculate
  emissions estimates of NOX, PM, HC, CO, and CC>2 for highway and NonRoad vehicles, and
  marine vessels that utilize various emissions control technologies.

         The Quantifier has been modeled after the National Mobile Inventory Model (NMEVI)
  and the 2008 Locomotive Engines and Marine Diesel Engines Emission Standards Regulations.
  The NMEVI is an application developed by the EPA to determine estimates of current and future
  emission inventories for on-road motor vehicles and NonRoad equipment.  The Quantifier is a
  web-based interface that asks users intuitive questions to help estimate their emissions.

         The Quantifier is capable of the following:

     1.   Calculating emissions from a single emissions reduction project;

     2.   Comparing fleet emissions using different retrofit control technologies; and

     3.   Assisting SmartWay carrier partners and grantees in developing proper data reports for
         submission to the EPA.

         The Quantifier calculates the following quantities for the fleet's baseline emissions for
  one year, and for the lifetime of a  fleet:  emissions reduced by the use of control technologies,
  and the cost effectiveness of control technologies. The calculated results may then be
  downloaded.

         The following SIP and conformity language appears as part of the Disclaimer on the
  Overview tab for the Quantifier:

     "The Diesel Emissions Quantifier is intended as a helpful tool to prepare estimates, but is
     not designed to meet requirements under other types of air or transportation submissions.
     Please  do not continue using the  Quantifier until you  have read the important usage
     information below.

     •   The Diesel Emission Quantifier  should not  be used  for the calculation of any
         emission reductions to be incorporated in a State  Implementation Plan  (SIP) or
         conformity determination.

     •   If you wish to calculate emission reductions for a SIP or conformity determination,
         you should review  the appropriate  SIP and conformity  guidance document and
         consult with your EPA Regional Office.
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     •  For long-duration idle reduction, the SIP and conformity guidance can be found in the
        document Guidance for Quantifying and Using Long Duration Truck Idling Emission
        Reductions in State Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity (January,
        2004, EPA420-B-04-001, PDF, 33 pages, 379K, About PDF).

     •  For retrofit projects, the SIP and conformity guidance can be found in the document
        Diesel Retrofits:   Quantifying and Using Their Benefits in  SIPs and Conformity
        (June, 2006, EPA420-B-06-005, PDF, 69 pages, 530K, About PDF).

     •  For emission reduction strategies not covered by those guidance  documents, please
        consult with your EPA Regional Office."

  2.  Screen-Specific Instructions

    2.1  Overview Tab

        The Overview Tab provides users with a basic description of the ways in which the
  Quantifier can be used, and ways in which the Quantifier should not be used.

    2.2  My Account Tab

        On the My Account Tab (which is also accessible via the Use the Quantifier Tab) users
  have the option to log in by entering their email address and password.  Logging in enables the
  user to store information on up to five fleets so that it can be retrieved at a later time.

        To obtain a login and password, the user must click on the "Register New Account" link.
  This link takes the user to the registration screen, where contact information is entered. Required
  contact information includes the user's email address, chosen password, contact name,
  organization name, and phone number. The user can opt to enter additional contact information
  including their position and address. When the registration information is saved, the user is
  taken back to the Use the Quantifier Tab.

        The "Forgot Password?" option takes the user to the My Account tab where they are
  prompted to enter their email  address.  An email will be sent to the user which contains an
  Internet link where the user can change their password.  To log out at any time, the user can click
  on the "Log out" link at the top of each screen under the Use the Quantifier Tab.

    2.3  Use the Quantifier Tab

      2.3.1 Fleet Entry Section

        On the Use the Quantifier Tab, either logged in as an authenticated user or not logged in
  as an unauthenticated user, users are then prompted to begin use of the Quantifier by defining
  basic Fleet Entry information. This includes information for the following fields:

  Fleet Name: This is a user Defined Name for the Fleet.
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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
  Fleet Type:  On Highway/NonRoad OR Marine. (Please note that the marine vessel component
  is separate from the On Highway and NonRoad component of the Quantifier.)

  State:  The user will select a state from the drop-down list. The user should select the state
  where the project is located. If the project spans across more than one state, select the state that
  will yield the majority of the emissions reduction benefits.  The user does not need to select a
  state if they are returning to a saved scenario.

  "Are you Quantifying Emissions for EPA?" Indicator:  When the user selects this "preparing
  data" option, a contact information section will appear below the state drop-down  list.  All fields
  in the Required Contact Information section must be completed by all users who select the
  "preparing data" option.  Users who want to download data to use in an EPA grant application
  only need to complete the Required Contact Information fields. In addition to the Required
  Contact Information section, existing SmartWay partners are required to complete the  SmartWay
  Carrier Questionnaire which appears below the Optional Contact Information section when the
  "Click here if you are a SmartWay Carrier/Partner" hyperlink is clicked on.  Users who are
  joining the SmartWay partnership for the first time are requested to complete the fields in the
  Required and Optional Contact Information sections, and the SmartWay Carrier questionnaire.
  The questionnaire contains the following information:

     •   Does the data represents the user's initial fleet baseline,  action plan, or annual update?

     •   Average payload.

     •   The number of straight trucks,  tractors, and trailers that  are owned, leased, and
         subcontracted.

     •   The percentage of the fleet operating in each of the following modes:

         —  Truckload;
         —  Less than Truckload;
         —  Pickup/Delivery;
         —  Leasing; and
         -  Other.

     •   The user's parent company and subsidiaries (if applicable).

         The questionnaire can be hidden by clicking on the "Click here if you are not a
  SmartWay Carrier/Partner" hyperlink which appears at the top of the questionnaire.  Once
  finished, the user can click Continue to move to the next screen to input specific information on
  the fleet.

  "Are you entering project funding information to calculate  total cost effectiveness?"
  Indicator:  Entering funding data is optional, but if the user wants to view the Total Cost
  Effectiveness of a project, funding data are required. The user can select Yes for this indicator
  and a list of funding sources and fields for dollar amounts will appear.  The user should enter
  funding amounts in the appropriate fields. Funding data includes all costs associated with a
  project, including retrofit capital costs, installation costs, administrative costs, etc.

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  Total Project Funding: This quantity is the sum of all funding source amounts entered by the
  user. The Quantifier automatically calculates this value. In order for the Quantifier to accurately
  calculate Total Cost Effectiveness, the user must ensure that the Total Project Funding amount
  only applies to the current vehicle group(s) entered. For example, if a user wishes to apply
  $100,000 of funding to two vehicle groups, entering $100,000 of funding for each vehicle group
  will result in a funding amount of $200,000 being used in the Total Cost Effectiveness
  calculation. Instead, the user should input all the funding information with the first vehicle
  group.  If there are multiple vehicle groups then funding information for subsequent vehicle
  groups should be left at zero.

         To Save Fleet Entry information, select Save Fleet,  and the Enter Vehicle Group Section
  will be made available.

      2.3.2 Enter New Vehicle Group Information Section

         On this screen, the user will input information specific to each vehicle group in the fleet,
  as well as the vehicles to which one or more emission reduction strategies are applied. For fields
  specific to marine vessels, refer to Section 2.2.2.1. All other field definitions for marine vessels
  can be found in Section 2.2.2. This includes the types of vehicles in the fleet, the number, model
  year, and retrofit year of each vehicle group; fuel and usage information; the type(s) of
  technology applied; and cost information.  This  screen must be completed for each vehicle group
  separately.  The user is encouraged to input fleet data with as much detail as possible; there is no
  limit to the  number of vehicle groups that can be entered for a fleet.  For example, a user has a
  fleet of 100 school buses with a range of model  years from 1990 to 2005. The user may enter
  this fleet as one entry using an average  model year. Alternatively, the user may enter vehicles of
  each model year separately.  The more  accurate  the data entered is, the more accurate the results
  will be.

         The Enter New Vehicle Group Information section of the Fleet Information screen is
  where the user enters information on each vehicle group in the fleet. After the required Fleet
  Information has been entered and saved, the user can begin entry for a Vehicle Group within the
  Fleet.  The following fields appear in the order listed below, and must be completed or selected
  from drop-down lists. All of the drop-down list options are provided in Appendix A.  Numeric
  values must be entered without commas.

  State:  The state  selected on the Start Screen will appear as the Selected State.

  Type:  Select the vehicle type (either On Highway or NonRoad) for the vehicle group from the
  drop-down  list.

  Target Fleet:  Select the vehicle group target fleet from the drop-down list. The list options will
  vary depending on the Type selected.

  Class/Equipment:  Select the Vehicle/Equipment category from the drop-down list.  The list
  options vary depending on the Target Fleet selected.
  Quantity:  Enter the number of the vehicles of the fleet in a specific vehicle group.
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  Model Year: Enter the model year of the engine, not the vehicle.

  Retrofit Year: Enter the year the emissions control retrofit will be installed.

  Horsepower: If the user selects NonRoad as the Type, a field for Horsepower will appear below
  the Retrofit Year field. The user must select the vehicle's horsepower from the drop-down list.
  If the Horsepower drop-down list does not include an exact match for the user's vehicle, the user
  should select the nearest value.

        In the following fields, the user must provide information on how the vehicles in a
  particular vehicle group are operated. This includes information on fuel usage, distance traveled,
  travel  time, and idling time. There is a direct correlation between fuel usage and CO2 emissions.
  Different fuels emit different amounts of CC>2 based on their chemical make-up.

  Fuel Type:  Select the fuel used by the vehicle group from the drop-down list. Table A-4 lists
  the options that appear in the Fuel Type drop-down list, their associated CO2 factors, and the
  vehicle types and years for which each fuel type can be selected. The CC>2 factors are multiplied
  by the fuel volume to convert a non-diesel fuel volume into a diesel equivalent. The resulting
  value will be displayed in the "Calculated Fuel Volume" field.

  Fuel Volume: Fuel Volume is the amount of fuel used (in gallons per year) by all vehicles in a
  group, including fuel consumed while idling. A Fuel Type must be selected before the user can
  enter Fuel Volume. Depending on which Fuel  Type is selected, the user-entered Fuel Volume is
  converted into a diesel equivalent in the "Calculated Fuel Volume" field. This allows the CO2
  emissions to be compared on an equal basis across the entire fleet.

  Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT): This field will only appear if "On Highway" is selected as the
  Type.  If "NonRoad" is selected as the Type, a Usage Rate field will appear  instead.  VMT is the
  average number of miles traveled per vehicle in the group per year. VMT can be calculated by
  averaging the miles traveled per year of all vehicles in a group.  Alternatively, VMT can be
  calculated by dividing the total miles traveled in a year by the total number of vehicles in the
  group. The example below illustrates this calculation:
  Example:


                          Vehicle                Miles/Year

                            1                     10,000

                            2                     20,000

                            3                     30,000


     VMT = (10,000 + 20,000 + 30,000 miles/year) / 3 vehicles = 20,000 miles/vehicle/year
  Usage Rate: This field will only appear if "NonRoad" is selected as the Type. The Usage Rate
  is the average number of hours of use per vehicle per year.  It is calculated by averaging the
  number of hours of use per year of all vehicles in a group. Alternatively, Usage Rate can be

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  calculated by dividing the total hours of use by all vehicles in a group in one year by the number
  of vehicles in the group.  An example of this calculation is provided below:
  Example:


                         Vehicle           Hours of Use/Year

                            1                     500

                            2                    1,000

                            3                    1,200


     Usage Rate = (500 + 1,000 + 1,200 hours/year) / 3 vehicles = 900 hours/vehicle/year
        The Quantifier will automatically populate this field for Locomotive Passenger,
  Locomotive, Switch, and Locomotive Line Haul vehicles. The user can change these default
  values.

  Idling Hours (including hours saved): The Idling Hours field only appears for On Highway
  vehicles.  This is the average number of hours spent idling per vehicle per year including any
  hours diverted (saved) using an idling control strategy. The Quantifier calculates On Highway
  emissions based on two modes: drive and idle. In order to show proper savings, the user must
  input information based on the true number of hours diverted (saved) using the control strategy.
  Idling hours can be calculated by averaging the idling hours of each vehicle in a group, or by
  adding the idling hours of all vehicles in a group, and  dividing this sum by the number of
  vehicles.  This is to include hours that have been diverted through idling control measures.

        2.3.2.1 Enter New Marine Vessel

  Quantity: For marine vessels, only one vessel may be modeled at a time.  This value is set to
  one.

  Number  of Engines: Enter the number of engines on the vessel (up to five), both propulsion
  and auxiliary engines.

  Unique Engine Type 1: All fields under this and subsequent types are related to the specific
  engine.

  Type: Select propulsion or auxiliary.

  Quantity (Engines):  Enter the number of engines unique to the characteristic defined in the
  following fields.

  Displacement per cylinder: Select the range of displacement per cylinder per engine.
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      2.3.3 Apply a Technology to New Vehicle Group

        In the Apply a Technology to New Vehicle Group section of the Fleet Information
  screen, the user enters information on the emission control technologies that are to be applied to
  the vehicle group. The user will have the option to add a new technology after saving the
  Vehicle Group.  The following fields appear in the order listed below, and must be completed or
  selected from drop-down lists. All of the drop-down list options are provided in Appendix A.

  Technology Type: The Technology Type is an emissions control category.  The Technology
  Type is selected from the drop-down list.

  Technology: Technology is a specific emissions control method that is selected from the drop-
  down list.  When multiple technologies are applied to a single vehicle, the following rules and
  restrictions apply:

     •  Engine Replacement/Repower — only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Hybrids — only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Emission Control Devices - only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Engine and Truck  Upgrades — only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Trailer Strategies — only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Aerodynamic Devices — multiple selections may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Tire Technology — only one technology  may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Weight Reduction  — only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Fuel Options — only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Advanced Lubricant Technology Strategies — only one technology may be applied to a
        vehicle.

     •  Speed Management Policies — only one technology may be applied to a vehicle.

     •  Idling Control Strategies — multiple selections may be applied to a vehicle. Note that
        the idling hours reduced for all selections must not exceed the total idling hours which
        were inputted under the vehicle group section.
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         The following technology combinations are not allowed:
                        If This Is Selected...
  Then This Is NOT an Option
      Diesel Paniculate Filter or any of the following combinations
      with a filter:

         •  Lean NOX Catalyst + Diesel Paniculate Filter

         •  Exhaust Gas Recirculation + Diesel Paniculate
            Filter

         •  Diesel Paniculate Filter + ULSD

         •  Hybrid Electric Replacement with Diesel
            Paniculate Filter
Any Fuel Option.
      Any of the following Diesel Oxidation Catalyst combinations
      with fuel:

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + B10

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + B20

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + B100

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + ULSD

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + emulsion

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase
            Ventilation + BIO

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase
            Ventilation + B20

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase
            Ventilation+ B100

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase
            Ventilation + ULSD

         •  Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase
            Ventilation + emulsion
Any Fuel Option.
  New Model Year:  This field will only appear if the Engine Replacement/Repower technology
  type is selected.  This New Model Year is the model year of the new or retrofitted engine.

  Idling Hours Reduced: If Idling Control Strategies are selected as the Technology Type, the
  Idling Hours Reduced field appears. The user should enter the number of idling hours reduced
  by implementing the selected Technology.  The number of idling hours reduced cannot exceed
  the number of idling hours entered for the vehicle group.
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  Apply Technology To: Enter the number of vehicles to which this technology applies.  This
  number can be all or a portion of the Quantity entered previously for the entire vehicle group.
  As the user adds technologies, this section will expand to list out each group of vehicles to which
  technologies have been applied. For example, if Technology 1 is applied to 20  out of 100
  vehicles, the following two lines will appear:

     •  Apply to	vehicles (out of 20) that currently have Technology 1; and
     •  Apply to	vehicles (out of 80) that do not currently have a  Technology.

  Pollutants Table: Once the Technology  Type and Technology are selected, the percent
  emissions reductions for NOX, PM, HC, CO, and CO2 will automatically populate the Pollutants
  table.  The percent reductions are average values specific to the selected technology. Note that
  for Idling Control Strategies, the percent reductions are based on the engine being used in idling
  mode  only. If the user knows the exact percent reductions for the specific technology they have
  selected, then they can manually change the values that appear in the  table. The maximum
  percentage a user can enter is 100%.  It is recommended that users only make changes if they
  have more accurate values from the manufacturer. The following disclaimer appears below the
  "Installation Cost" field and applies to the pollutants table:

     "Note that the percent reduction associated with a particular retrofit technology or cleaner
     fuel may vary by manufacturer and  application and may change as more information
     becomes available.  Please refer to EPA's  verified technology  web page for the  latest
     detailed information on verified emission reductions from retrofit technologies.  Some of
     the technologies listed here are not yet verified by EPA or the California Air Resources
     Board  (CARB).   Emissions reductions calculated by this model based on user-entered
     percent reductions not based on EPA or CARB's verified technology list  should not be
     used for any official  purposes  or  to  meet  any  reporting  requirements.   Emission
     reductions calculated by this model based on user-entered percent reductions not based
     on EPA or CARB's verified technology  list should not be used for any official purposes
     or to meet any reporting requirements."

        EPA's verified technology web page is http://www.epa.gov/otaq/retrofit/verif-list.htm.

  Unit Cost:  The cost to purchase an emission control technology for one vehicle. The user must
  enter a non-negative numeric value.  The  Quantifier uses this value to calculate Capital Cost
  Effectiveness.

  Installation Cost: The cost to install the  selected emission control technology  on one vehicle.
  The user must enter a non-negative numeric value.  The Quantifier uses this value to calculate
  Capital Cost Effectiveness.

        2.3.3.1 Apply a Technology to a Marine Vessel

        Once a technology type and technology have been selected, the user must apply the
  technology to the Engine Type. The technology may be applied to one or more engine types.
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      2.3.4  Save a New Vehicle Group and Technology

         Once all the required vehicle group fields are complete, the user can save the information
  by clicking the "Save" button, or the "Add a New Vehicle Group" option to add additional
  vehicle groups.  If the user would like to clear the data entered on the screen without saving it,
  the "Go Back to Start" hyperlink at the top of the screen must be clicked.  From the Start Screen,
  the user can click "Continue" to return to the Fleet Information screen.

         To save control technology information, the user must click the "Save Technology"
  button. Once at least one vehicle group is saved, the user can edit the group, add technologies,
  add additional vehicle groups, or proceed to the Results page.

      2.3.5  Edit Data

         The user can edit or delete any group, and delete any technology by clicking the "Edit" or
  "Delete" buttons.

        2.3.5.1 Edit Vehicle Group Information

         Once a vehicle group is saved, if the Vehicle Group Information is not immediately
  editable the user can edit vehicle group information by clicking on the Edit Group button. All
  Vehicle Group Information fields are editable.

         To add an additional vehicle group, the user must click the "Add New Vehicle Group"
  header bar.

        2.3.5.2 Edit Technology Information

         To apply additional technologies to a vehicle group, the user must enter technology
  information and click the "Save Technology" Button. To edit a saved technology, the user must
  click the "Delete" button that corresponds to the technology and re-enter the data.

      2.3.6  Calculate Results

         Once the user has finished entering data for an entire fleet, the user can click the
  "Quantify Emissions" button at the bottom of the screen to calculate results.

        2.3.6.1 Emissions Results Screen: Summary Results Tab

         When the user clicks on the "Quantify Emissions" button on the Fleet Information screen,
  the user will be taken to the Results screen.  The formulas used to generate the results are
  provided in Appendix B.

         The data that appear in the Results table are an aggregation of the emissions from all
  vehicle groups and technologies that the user entered.  The Results table has the following
  format:
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                                          Table 1:
                        Annual, Daily, and Lifetime Emission Results
Annual
Baseline of Entire Fleet
Baseline of Vehicles Retrofitted
Percent Reduced (%)
Amount Reduced Per Year
Daily


Lifetime
Baseline of Entire Fleet
Baseline of Vehicles Retrofitted
Percent Reduced (%)
Amount Reduced
Amount Emitted after Retrofit, Entire
Fleet
Amount Emitted after Retrofit,
Retrofitted Vehicles
Capital Cost Effectiveness ($/ton),
Retrofitted Vehicles
Total Cost Effectiveness ($/ton),
Retrofitted Vehicles
NOX
(tons/
year)




NOX
(kg/
day)


NOX
(tons)










PM
(tons/
year)




PM
(kg/
day)


PM
(tons)










HC
(tons/
year)




HC
(kg/
day)


HC
(tons)










CO
(tons/
year)




CO
(kg/
day)


CO
(tons)










CO2
(tons/
year)




CO2
(kg/
day)


CO2
(tons)










Diesel
Equivalent
(gallons/year)




Fuel (g/day)


Diesel
Equivalent
(gallons/year)










          2.3.6.1.1 Annual and Daily Results

         The Annual and Daily sections of the Results table display annual baseline emissions
  information, and the emissions reduced daily and annually by applying the user-selected control
  technologies. The Baseline of Entire Fleet row displays annual emissions of NOX, PM, HC, CO,
  and CC>2 without any emissions controls.  The Baseline of Vehicles Retrofitted shows the
  uncontrolled emissions of each of the five pollutants from only the vehicles that will be
  retrofitted with a control technology. For example, if there are 100 vehicles in a fleet,  and 50
  vehicles are going to be retrofitted with emissions controls, then the Baseline of Entire Fleet will
  show the uncontrolled emissions from 100 vehicles, while the Baseline of Vehicles Retrofitted
  will show the uncontrolled emissions from 50 vehicles. Both quantities are shown in units of
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                                                             Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
  tons/year. Percent Reduced values are the emission reduction percentages obtained after control
  technologies are applied to a fleet.  Amount Reduced per Year values are the tons of pollutants
  reduced per year by applying controls. These values converted to kilograms per day are
  displayed in the Daily section of the table. The Diesel Equivalent of CO2 emissions, in gallons
  per year, is displayed in the last column.

          2.3.6.1.2 Lifetime Results

         The Lifetime Emissions section of the Results table displays the emissions that are
  estimated to occur over the remaining lifetime of all vehicle groups in a fleet.  The Baseline of
  Entire Fleet, Baseline of Vehicles Retrofitted, Percent Reduced, and Amount Reduced values are
  analogous to the values in the Annual and Daily results. The calculations used to derive these
  values are provided in Appendix B. Amount Emitted after Retrofit, Entire Fleet values are the
  lifetime emissions, in tons, of the entire fleet after the user-selected control technologies are
  applied.  Amount  Emitted after Retrofit, Retrofitted Vehicles values are the lifetime emissions, in
  tons, of only the retrofitted vehicles after the user-selected control technologies are applied. The
  Diesel Equivalent of CC>2 emissions, in gallons, is displayed in the last column.

         Capital Cost Effectiveness is calculated by dividing the total unit and installation costs of
  all retrofits in the  fleet by the Amount Reduced.  These values are only calculated if the user
  enters unit and installation costs on the Fleet Information screen. Any technologies that increase
  emissions are excluded from the Capital Cost Effectiveness calculation. Total Cost
  Effectiveness is calculated by dividing the total cost of the retrofit project (capital costs,
  administrative costs, etc.) by the Amount Reduced.  In this calculation, any emission increases
  from control technologies are not included in the Amount Reduced. Total Cost Effectiveness is
  only calculated if the user enters funding information on the Fleet Information screen.  See
  Appendix B for details on how these calculations are performed. Total Cost Effectiveness
  results are displayed in the Emissions Results table, and not in the Detailed Results table.

         The following note appears below the Lifetime emissions results:

     "The lifetime results are dependent on each vehicle  group's remaining life.  To determine
     the remaining life for each vehicle group, divide the lifetime results by the annual results
     using the Detailed Results tables below."

         The funding data are displayed in a table below the Lifetime Emissions table.

          2.3.6.1.3 Preview/Download Data: Detailed Results and Download Data Tabs

         Before downloading data, the user can preview the data in the Detailed Results section,
  which appears as the second tab on the Results screen.  This tab takes the user to the Detailed
  Results.  These tables present results for each subgroup  of vehicles that share the same control
  technologies.  The first Detailed Results table presents annual data, and the second table presents
  lifetime data.
Page 12                                                         U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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        The following two download options appear on the Download Data:

  View/Download Detailed Report:  To download all the data entered in addition to the
  calculated data from the Results tables, the user must select the format by clicking either "as
  Microsoft Excel file" or "as CSV (comma separated values) file."  The downloaded data file can
  be submitted to the EPA. This option is not available for Marine Vessels.

  View/Download Summary Report: This option appears if the user selected "Preparing data for
  the EPA?" from the Select Scenario option on the Start screen. The user has the option to
  download the data in either Excel or CSV format. CSV files can be opened by many desktop
  spreadsheet and database applications.

        This option allows the user to download a data file that is a condensed version of the
  Annual, Daily and Lifetime Results tables. This condensed data file may be selected by users
  applying for EPA grant funds as part of a grant application. This file contains the relevant
  information that EPA needs to review a grant application.  If the user has already received grant
  funds, this file can be used to report required data to the EPA.

        When the user clicks on "as Microsoft Excel file" or "as  CSV (comma separated values)
  file," a dialog box will appear on the screen that lets the user open the file or save it to disk.

          2.3.6.1.4 Benefits Module Tab

        When the user clicks on the Health Benefits Tab on the Emission Results page, the user
  will be taken to the Benefits Module entry screen.

            2.3.6.1.4.1  Entry Screen

        The Entry Screen of the Benefits Module  allows the user to enter up to five counties that
  will be affected by the emission reductions resulting from the retrofit technologies. The user also
  enters the percent reduction that is experienced in each county.  The percent reductions must
  total to 100%.  Once the user has properly defined the States,  Counties, and Percent Reductions,
  they may click the "Calculate Health Benefits" button to take  them to the results screen.

            2.3.6.1.4.2  Results Screen

        The Results Screen of the Benefits Module displays the Annual Diesel PM Reduction
  (tons) and the Annual Benefits ($) on a per county and total basis. The total Annualized Cost of
  the retrofit project is also displayed. Counties will appear with one asterisk if the benefits for
  that county are likely underestimated and two asterisks if the benefits are likely overestimated.
  Additionally, explanatory text will appear below the results table.

            2.3.6.1.4.3  View/Download Benefits Module Results

        To download the Results tables, the user must select the  format by clicking either "as
  Microsoft Excel file" or "as CSV (comma separated values) file" at the bottom of the Results
  Screen. The user will then have the option to either view or download the results.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                                        Page 13

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                                                               Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
  3.  Quick Start Tab

         This tab will provide the user with basic information that they will need before using the
  Quantifier (e.g., Necessary Inputs).

  4.  References Tab

         On this tab the user can find links to References that users of the Quantifier might need.
Page 14                                                           U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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                                       Appendix A:
                                  Drop-down List Options
                                        Table A-l:
                         Vehicle Types and Associated Target Fleets
Vehicle Type
On Highway
NonRoad
Target Fleet
School Buses
Transit Buses
Refuse Hauler
Short Haul
Long Haul
Delivery Truck
Emergency Vehicle
City/County Vehicle
Agriculture
Port and Airports
Rail
Construction
Stationary
                                        Table A-2:
                       Target Fleets and Associated Class/Equipment
Target Fleet
Refuse Hauler, Short Haul, Long Haul, Delivery
Truck, Emergency Vehicle, City/County Vehicle
School Buses
Transit Buses
Class/Equipment
Class 5 (16,001 - 19,500 Ibs.)
Class 6 (19,501 - 26,000 Ibs.)
Class 7 (26,001 - 33,000 Ibs.)
Class 8a (33,001 - 60,000 Ibs.)
Class 8b (60,001 and over)
School Buses
Transit Buses
                                                                                (cont.)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page A-l

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                                                               Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table A-2:
                     Target Fleets and Associated Class/Equipment (cont.)
Target Fleet
Agriculture
Construction
Class/Equipment
2-Wheel Tractors
Agricultural Mowers
Agricultural Tractors
Balers
Combines
Irrigation Sets
Logging Equip. Fell/Bunch/Skidders
Logging Equipment Chain Saws > 6
Logging Equipment Shredders > 6
Off-Highway Tractors
Off-Highway Trucks
Other Agricultural Equipment
Sprayers
Swathers
Tillers > 6 HP
Bore/Drill Rigs
Cement & Mortar Mixers
Concrete/Industrial Saws
Cranes
Crawler Tractors
Crushing/Proc. Equipment
Dumpers/Tenders
Excavators
Forklifts
Graders
Light Commercial Air Compressors
Light Commercial Gas Compressors
                                                                                     (cont.)
Page A-2
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table A-2:
                     Target Fleets and Associated Class/Equipment (cont.)
Target Fleets
Construction (cont.)
Port and Airports
Class/Equipment
Light Commercial Generator Sets
Light Commercial Pressure Washer
Light Commercial Pumps
Light Commercial Welders
Off-Highway Tractors
Off-Highway Trucks
Other Construction Equipment
Pavers
Paving Equipment
Plate Compactors
Rollers
Rough Terrain Forklifts
Rubber Tire Dozers
Rubber Tire Loaders
Scrapers
Signal Boards
Skid Steer Loaders
Surfacing Equipment
Sweepers/Scrubbers
Tampers/Rammers (unused)
Tillers > 6 HP
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes
Trenchers
AC Refrigeration
Aerial Lifts
Airport Support Equipment
Cranes
Forklifts
                                                                                     (cont.)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page A-3

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                                                               Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table A-2:
                     Target Fleets and Associated Class/Equipment (cont.)
Target Fleet
Port and Airports (cont.)
Rail
Class/Equipment
Light Commercial Air Compressors
Light Commercial Gas Compressors
Light Commercial Generator Sets
Light Commercial Pressure Washer
Light Commercial Pumps
Light Commercial Welders
Off-Highway Tractors
Off-Highway Trucks
Other Construction Equipment
Other General Industrial Equipment
Other Material Handling Equipment
Signal Boards
Skid Steer Loaders
Terminal Tractors
Aerial Lifts
Cranes
Forklifts
Light Commercial Air Compressors
Light Commercial Generator Sets
Light Commercial Pressure Washer
Line Haul Locomotive
Off-Highway Tractors
Off-Highway Trucks
Other General Industrial Equipment
Other Material Handling Equipment
Passenger Locomotive
Switch Locomotive
Terminal Tractors
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes
                                                                                     (cont.)
Page A-4
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                          Table A-2:
                     Target Fleets and Associated Class/Equipment (cont.)
Target Fleet
Stationary
Marine
Class/Equipment
Air Compressor
Gas Compressor
Irrigation
Power Generation
Pump
Welding
Container
Ferry /Excursion
Tug Boat/Tow Boat
Commercial Fishing
Commercial Charter Fishing
Crew and Supply
Pilot
Work Boat
Other
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page A-5

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                                                                Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table A-3:
                                      Horsepower Options
                                           Horsepower
                                                10
                                                11
                                                16
                                               20
                                               25
                                                30
                                               40
                                               45
                                               49
                                                50
                                               60
                                               70
                                               75
                                                80
                                                90
                                               100
                                               110
                                               120
                                               130
                                               140
                                               150
                                               160
                                               175
                                               180
                                               190
                                                                (cont.)
Page A-6
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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                                           Table A-3:
                                  Horsepower Options (cont.)
                                           Horsepower
                                               200
                                               220
                                               240
                                               250
                                               300
                                               320
                                               350
                                               400
                                               425
                                               450
                                               475
                                               500
                                               550
                                               600
                                               700
                                               750
                                               800
                                               900
                                               950
                                               1000
                                               1200
                                               1300
                                               1400
                                               1500
                                               1600
                                               1700
                                               1800
                                               1900
                                               2000
                                               2250
                                                                (cont.)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page A-7

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                                                             Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                         Table A-3:
                                 Horsepower Options (cont.)
                                         Horsepower
                                             2500
                                             2750
                                             3000
                                             3250
                                             3500
                                             4000
                                             4250
                                             4500
                                             5000
                                             5500
                                             6000
                                             6500
                                         Table A-4:
                                    Displacement Options
Displacement
size < 0.9
0.9 < =
1.2 < =
2.5 < =
3.5 < =
5.0 < =
15.0 < =
20.0 < =
25.0 < =
size< 1.2
size < 2.5
size < 3.5
size < 5.0
size < 15.0
size < 20.0
size < 25.0
size < 30.0
Page A-8
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                            Table A-5:
                                            Fuel Types
Fuel Type
LPG
LNG
CNG (Ibs)
CNG (ft3)
Biodiesel 100
Biodiesel 20
Biodiesel 5
Biodiesel 2
E85
Regular Diesel, 3,400 ppm
High Sulfur Non-Road Locomotive
and Marine Diesel Fuel, 3,400 ppm
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD), 15
ppm
Emulsion
Regular Diesel (LSD), 500 ppm
Regular Diesel/Marine Diesel Fuel
(LSD), 500 ppm
Low Sulfur Diesel (LSD), 500 ppm
Regular Diesel (ULSD), 15 ppm
CO2 Factor
0.65
0.61
0.16
0.0074
0.92
0.985108
0.996277
0.998511
0.626126

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Rules
Always available.
Always available.
Always available.
Always available.
Always available.
Always available.
Always available.
Not available to any vehicles or as a reduction
technology.
Always available.
Not available for On Highway, available for NonRoad
for retrofit years up to and including 2006.
Available for Marine for model years up to and
including 20 10.
Not available for On Highway, available for NonRoad
and Marine.
Always available.
Not available for On Highway, available for NonRoad
for retrofit years from 2007 - 2009.
Available only for Marine Vessels for retrofit years
from 2007 -20 12.
Available for On Highway and NonRoad for retrofit
years prior to 2007.
Available for On Highway, not available for NonRoad.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page A-9

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                                                               Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table A-6:
                    Retrofit Technology Types and Associated Technologies
Retrofit Technology Type
Emissions Control Devices
Retrofit Technology
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + BIO
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + B20
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + B100
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase Ventilation + BIO
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase Ventilation + B20
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase Ventilation + B100
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Emulsion
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase Ventilation +
Emulsion
Diesel Paniculate Filter
Diesel Paniculate Filter + ULSD (for NonRoad only)
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase Ventilation
Diesel Paniculate Filter + Closed Crankcase Ventilation
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + Closed Crankcase Ventilation +
ULSD (for NonRoad only)
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst + ULSD (for NonRoad only)
Hybrid Electric Replacement with Diesel Paniculate Filter
Partial Flow Filter
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Replacement
Lean NOX Catalyst/Diesel Paniculate Filter
Recalibration
Selective Catalytic Reduction
Exhaust Gas Recirculation + Diesel Paniculate Filter
Other
                                                                                     (cont.)
Page A-10
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table A-6:
                Retrofit Technology Types and Associated Technologies (cont.)
Retrofit Technology Type
Fuel Options
Hybrid
Weight Reduction
Trailer Strategies
Tire Technology
Advanced Lubricant Technology
Strategies
Engine and Truck Upgrades
Retrofit Technology
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD)
Compressed Natural Gas
Liquid Natural Gas
Biodiesel (B20)
Biodiesel(BlOO)
Emulsion
Hybrid
100 Ibs
500 Ibs
1000 Ibs
5000 Ibs
45 Foot Trailer
48 Foot Trailer
53 Foot Trailer
Double
Rocky Mountain Double
Turnpike Double
Triple
Single Wide Tires
Automatic Tire Inflation
Other Fuel Efficient Tire
Low Friction Engine Lubricant
Low Friction Drive Train Lubricant
Other Advanced Lubricant Technology Strategies
Direct Drive
Single Axle vs. Double
                                                                                     (cont.)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page A-11

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                                                               Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table A-6:
                Retrofit Technology Types and Associated Technologies (cont.)
Retrofit Technology Type
Speed Management Policy
Aerodynamic Devices
Retrofit Technology
65 mph
64 mph
63 mph
62 mph
61 mph
60 mph
59 mph
58 mph
57 mph
56 mph
55 mph
Aero Profile Tractor
Cab Over Engine Tractor
Integrated Cab Roof Fairing
Cab Roof Fairing
Cab Roof Deflector
Cab Side Fairing
Cab Front Air Dam Front Bumper
Cab Aerodynamic Mirrors
Nose Cone
Trailer Tails
Trailer Gap 44" - 36"
Trailer Gap 35" or less
Trailer Side Skirts
Flatbed Trailer Tarps
                                                                                     (cont.)
Page A-12
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                          Table A-6:
                Retrofit Technology Types and Associated Technologies (cont.)
Retrofit Technology Type
Engine Replacement/Repower
Idling Control Strategies
Retrofit Technology
Engine Repower
Engine Replacement
Direct Fired Heater
Auxiliary Power Unit
Truck Stop Electrification
Driver Tag Teams
Double Drivers
Engine Shutdown
Other
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page A-13

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Page A-14                                                             U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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                                        Appendix B:
                                  Quantifier Calculations
  1.  Overview
         This document provides a brief overview of the calculations used in computing the
  emissions results produced by the Diesel Emissions Quantifier.

         Equations and inputs are presented in two columns. The parentheses following each
  entry denote the units of the result of computing the expression on the left. For inputs, brackets
  following each entry denote whether the input is taken from the database ("[d]"), user input
  ("[u]"), a database default or a user input value ("[d/u]"), or embedded into business logic ("[e]").

         Textual references (e.g., "total number of vehicles in the fleet") have been replaced by
  symbolic equivalents (e.g., WE ) as defined below.

  2.  Symbols

         These symbols take on different meanings depending on their parameters, or if they are
  constrained to a particular set of values.

     t         Vehicle type (one of "NonRoad" (tnr) or "On Highway" (thw )) [d]

     p         Pollutant type (one of "CO,"  "CO2," "HC," "PM,"  "NOX") [d]

     ksf       Conversion factor from units s to units t [e]

     Mn       Results calculation n [e]

  3.  Inputs

         Calculations require several  inputs, as noted below.

     n^       Number of vehicles (veh) [u]

     n         Number of vehicles retrofitted with a given technology (veh) [u]

     nengine     Number of a given unique  engine type (Marine Vessels Only) [u]

     HP      Horsepower [u]

     VMT     Vehicle miles traveled (mi/veh/yr) [u]

     ud       Default usage rate (hr/veh/yr) [d]


U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                                        Page B-l

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                                                              Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
     u         Actual usage rate (hr/veh/yr) [u]

     ufd        Default fuel usage rate (Rail only) (gal/veh/yr) [d]

     uf        Actual fuel usage rate (Rail only) (gal/veh/yr) [d]


     /         Total idling hours per year (hr/veh/yr) [u]

     IR         Idling hours reduced per year (hr/veh/yr). Used only with idling control strategies [u]

     m  t       Emissions for pollutant p of vehicle type t  (tons/mi/mo/veh for On Highway,
                tons/hr/yr/veh for NonRoad [d]

     m11       Idling emissions for pollutant p of vehicle type t (ton/hr/veh |  ton/hr/veh) [d]

     rp         Emissions reduction for pollutant p of a given technology (dimensionless) [d/u]

     s          Scrappage rate sum for a given vehicle's age and retrofit year.  A table of
                scrappage rate sums is provided in Table C-l of Appendix C [d]

     /         Total fuel usage (gallons) [u]

     /          Fuel usage during idling (gallons) [u]

     Cu        Unit cost for a particular emissions technology ($) [d]

     Ci        Installation cost for a particular emissions technology ($) [d]

     CT        Total project funding ($) [u]

  4.  Conversion Factors and Constants

         Numeric literals have been replaced by their appropriate conversion factor or constant
  below.

     kmo r = 12                      Months in a year (months/year)

     kkg,ton = 907-18474              Kilograms in a ton (kg/ton)


     k^d = 1/365 « 2.7397X10"3      Years in a day (years/day)

     kp ton                             Diesel-equivalent fuel emissions of pollutant p
                                      (gallons/ton)  [d]

Page B-2                                                        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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     CO 2 fiie I factor
     Ut
             = 4.2990141
     m1' N0x,tlm =1.58732829x10"
     m ir ~ t   = 0
     mco,tlm  = 0
  5.  Results Calculations
The following factors are used to convert non-diesel fuels
into diesel equivalent gallons:

   •  LPG:  0.65;
   •  LNG:  0.61;
   •  CNG(lbs): 0.16;
   •  CNG(ft3):  0.0074;
   •  Biodiesel 100: 0.92;
   •  Biodiesel 20: 0.985108;
   •  Biodiesel 5: 0.996277;
   •  Biodiesel 2: 0.998511; and
   •  E85: 0.626126.

Idling fuel usage factor (gallons/hour) [d]

On Highway idling emissions factor for PM (g/hr/yr/veh)

On Highway idling emissions factor for NOX
(g/hr/yr/veh)

On Highway idling emissions factor for HC (g/hr/yr/veh)

On Highway idling emissions factor for CO (g/hr/yr/veh)
    5.1 Daily/Annual Emissions Results Calculations

         •  M1thw - On Highway fleet baseline emissions (tons/year):

            --  Non-CO2:
            —  Total CO2 (running + idling) baseline emissions:

               MUfcf =f-CO2 fuel factor • 0.01 1 1

            —  CO2 from idling if user enters non-zero idling hours (I):

            The following equation results in gallons per year. This quantity can be used to
            determine idling emissions as follows:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                                Page B-3

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                                                           Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                  = Idling Fuel Usage Factor • I • n^

                  Ufcf  = / • CO2 fuel factor • 0.01 1 1

                 - NonRoad fleet baseline emissions (tons/year):

               Non-CO2 (non-Rail):

            -  Non-CO2(Rail):
                                  —
                                  Ufd
               Non-CC>2 (Rail - Line-Haul, Passenger and Switch Locomotives):

                                                                          I ton
                 itm = nz • Locomotive Emission Factor • HP • Activity Hours •
                                                                       907184.74 g
               Locomotive Emission Factors are pulled from the database, and default Activity
               Hours are listed in Table D-l.  The year in use used to look up the Activity Hours
               is determined by the following: (calendar year - model year) + 1. The Quantifier
               automatically enters this value into the Usage Rate field, but the user can change
               it.

            —  Non-CC>2 (Marine Vessels):

                                                                                      I ton
               Mum = n  ims • Marine Emission Factor • HP • Load Factor • Activity Hours •
                                                                                  907184.74
               Marine Emission Factors and Load Factors are pulled from the database.  The
               Activity Hours are input by the user and cannot exceed the number of hours in a
               year (8760).

            --  C02:

               Mlt  =/• CO2 fuel factor -0.0111
Page B-4                                                      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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         *   M2thw - On Highway retrofitted baseline emissions (tons/year):

            --  Non-CO2:
            -  C02:

               M2tim = (n I n^ ) • / • CO2 fuel factor -0.0111

            M2tnr  - NonRoad retrofitted baseline emissions (tons/year):

            --  Non-CO2 (non-Rail):
                                 ud
            -  Non-CO2(Rail):
               Non-CO2 (Rail - Line-Haul, Passenger and Switch Locomotives):

                                                                          I ton
                    = n • Locomotive Emission Factor • HP • Activity Hours •
                                                                      907184.74 g
               Locomotive Emission Factors are pulled from the database, and default Activity
               Hours are in Table D-l.

            —  Non-CO2 (Marine Vessels):

               M2tnr =Mltnr
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                                      Page B-5

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                                                             Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
            --  CO2:

                M2tfr = (w/Hz) • / • C02 fuel factor • 0.01 1 1

            —  CC>2 (Marine Vessels):

                A/ 2 tor =Mltnr

         •  Md3 - Emissions percent reduction (dimensionless):

            Md3 = rp

         *  Md3thw , Md3tnr -Emissions reduction, tons per year (tons/year):

            —  For NonRoad, and On Highway:
                If more than one technology is applied to a set of vehicles, each technology after
                the first is applied to a reduced retrofitted baseline.  That is, the first technology
                reduces the original retrofitted baseline, the second technology is applied to the
                reduced retrofitted baseline that remains after the first technology is applied, the
                third technology is applied to the retrofitted baseline that remains after two
                technologies are applied, etc.

            —  For Non-CC>2 emissions of On Highway vehicles using idling control strategies,
                the idling reduction is the lesser of:

                1.  The total emissions of retrofit vehicles; and

                2-  Md3t   =m1 p,t-IR-nr
                      a^idk         -"    P
                   M,,.  =M,,.  H M9.
                      d3t      d3toper    2^,4,

            —  For CO2 emissions of On Highway vehicles using idling control strategies, the
                emission reduction is:

                Md3tag =Ut-n-IR- CO2 Fuel Factor • 0.01 1 1 • rp

         •  Md4t - On Highway/NonRoad emissions reduction, kilograms per day (kg/day):
         •  Diesel Equivalent, gallons per year:

            Diesel Equivalent = CO2 tons/0.0111


Page B-6                                                        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
    •  Diesel Equivalent, gallons per day:

       Diesel Equivalent = Diesel Equivalent (gal/year) * kyr:(j

5.2 Lifetime Emissions Results Calculations

    •  Mist - Lifetime fleet baseline emissions (tons):

       --  On Highway: M13t^=Mlt^-s

       —  NonRoad:

           Median Life (M) is pulled from the database.  A table of Median Life values is
           provided in Table C-2 in Appendix C.

           Iteration Limit (L): the lesser of (2 x M) and 30

           Age from New (Y):  (Calendar Year - Model Year) + 1
           Age Ratio (A) = Y/M

           The value for A is used to determine the Cumulative Percent Scrapped (CPS) for
           a given year.  The Cumulative Percent Scrapped is determined using the values in
           Table C-3 in Appendix C and linear interpolation.

           Survival Rate (for a given year) = 1 - CPS

           Number of iterations of Age Ratio required to calculate total Survival Rate =
           (L-Y)+1.

           For each iteration, Y = Y + 1 and the Age Ratio is calculated until Y = L.  For
           each Age Ratio, the Survival Rate is calculated.  The Survival Rates from all of
           these iterations are then summed.

           M,,.  = Survival Rate Sum -M..
             I3lnr                       nm

       —  Non-CC>2 for Rail (Line-Haul and Passenger Locomotive)

                                                       40th Year
           Mnt  = ny • Locomotive Emission Factor • HP •   "Y Activity Hours
                                                           40th Year                 \tOn
                                                                              907184.74

               The retrofit year is determined by: (Calendar Year - Model Year) + 1
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                                       Page B-7

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                                                            Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
               If the user changes the activity hours, and the user-defined value is smaller than
               the default value of the retrofit year, the user-defined value is used in the sum for
               each year until the user-defined value exceeds the default value.

            —  Non-CC>2 for Rail (Switch Locomotive)

                                                           70th Year                 \tOH
               Mnt  = nr • Locomotive Emission Factor • HP •   V Activity Hours
                                                                              907184.74

               The retrofit year is determined by: (Calendar Year - Model Year) + 1
               If the user changes the activity hours, and the user-defined value is smaller than
               the default value of the retrofit year, the user-defined value is used in the sum for
               each year until the user-defined value exceeds the default value.

            —  CC>2 for Rail (Line-Haul, Passenger, Switch Locomotive)

               Mn.  = Survival Rate Sum -M..
                  '3'nr                       "nr

                - Lifetime retrofitted baseline emissions (tons):

               On Highway:  Ml4t  =M2t  -s
               NonRoad:     Ml4t  =M2t  • Survival Rate Sum
               Non-CC>2 for Rail (Line-Haul or Passenger Locomotive):
                                                          40th Year
                                                           t  ear                 i
               M,,t  = n • Locomotive Emission Factor • HP •   "Y Activity Hours
                                                                             907184.74 g

            --  Non-CC>2 for Rail (Switch Locomotive):

               Ml4t  = n • Locomotive Emission Factor • HP •   Y Activity Hours •
TOtHTear                 j ^
                                                                             907184.74 £

            —  CO2 for Rail (Line-Haul, Passenger, Switch Locomotive)

               M,,t  = M7t   • Survival Rate Sum
                  l^Lnr     LLnr

         •  MB - Lifetime emissions percent reduction (percent):

            MIS = rp

         •  Mist - Lifetime emissions reduction (tons):

            Ml5t=MlAt-rp



Page B-8                                                       U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                - Post-retrofit lifetime emissions for fleet (tons):
                - Post-retrofit lifetime emissions for retrofitted vehicles (tons):
                - Capital cost effectiveness for retrofitted vehicles ($/ton):

            M  _
                 ~
            The summed quantity is calculated for each technology that is applied to a vehicle
            subgroup. Any technologies that increase emissions should be excluded from these
            calculations (i.e., the number of vehicles retrofitted, installation cost, unit cost, and
            emissions increases should not be included in the sum).

                - Total cost effectiveness for retrofitted vehicles ($/ton):
            If any technology causes an increase in emissions, that emissions increase is excluded
            from the Lifetime Emissions Reduction amount (Mist).

         •  Diesel Equivalent, gallons:

            Diesel Equivalent = CO 2 tons/0.0111

  6.  Special Cases

         When certain types of emissions reductions technologies are selected, the results
  calculations change, depending on the technology selected.

     6.1  Vehicle and Engine Replacement/Repower Strategies

         In these strategies, an aging vehicle's engine is replaced with a new one of a different
  model year.  If selected, the user supplies the new engine's model year;; as an additional input
  parameter for the technology.  The default percent reduction rp for a particular pollutant/? is then
  computed by comparing the old vehicle's emissions mp:t against the new vehicle's emissions,
  n?p:t rather than pulled from the database.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                                        Page B-9

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                                                            Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
         The computed percent reduction becomes:
                                           m   — m
                                       / _ mp,t   mp,t

                                         ~
         and this value should be used in place of r for all calculations in Section V.

    6.2 Trailer Strategies

         When trailer strategies are selected as a control technology, only the calculation of the
  CC>2 baseline of retrofitted vehicles is affected. M2t  is calculated as follows:
                      M2t  = (H/WZ) • / • CO2 fuel factor • 0.0111	p—
                                                                l_rp
    6.3 Aerodynamic Devices

        Aerodynamic devices reduce fuel consumption during operation, so the percent reduction
  should only be applied to running emissions. The equation for CC>2 emissions reduced when
  aerodynamic devices are employed is as follows:
                         Md3t = V (/-/•)• C°2 fuel factor -0.0111

  7. Benefits Module

         The Benefits Module will perform health benefits calculations using the following
  methodology:

     •   On Highway Tons reduced per county:

         On Highway Tons reduced county = (E Tons reduced 0nHighway^ i ) • % Allocated county


     •   NonRoad Tons reduced per county:

         NonRoad Tons reduced county = (E Tons reducedNonRoadil ) • % Allocated county


     •   Total Tons reduced per county:

         Total Tons reduced counfy = On Highway Tons reduced counttf  -\ NonRoad Tons reduced countt
Page B-10                                                      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
     •  Total Tons Reduced:



        Total Tons reducedtotal = E Total Tons reducedc




     •  On Highway Benefit per county:




        On Highway Benefitcounty = On Highway Tons reducedcounty • Benefit per Ton On Highway count)



     •  NonRoad B enefit per county:




        NonRoad Benefitcounty = NonRoad Tons reducedcounty • Benefit per Ton NonRoadcounty




     •  Annual Benefit per county:




        Annual Benefit counfy = NonRoad Benefitcounty -\ On Highway Benefitcomty




     •  Annual Benefit:




        Annual Benefittotal = E Annual Benefitcounty




     •  Annualized Cost per scenario:



               , „,               (Capital Cost -0.03)
        Annual Cost      =	—	—	
                    scenario   ,~  /'I _l_ ft f}ry\~num"er °f years remaining \




     •  Total Annual Cost:




        Total Annual Cost = E Annual Cost „„„„„.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency                                                      Page B-l 1

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                                                                    Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
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Page B-12                                                             U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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                                                      Appendix C:
                                                 Scrappage Rate Tables
                                                       Table C-l:
                                              On Highway Scrappage Table:
                               Scrappage Table Survival Fraction (Based on 1980 Vehicles)
   •  Discount rate: 3%
   •  Scrappage rates are adjusted based on the year of retrofit.
Vehicle
 Age
 From
 New
(Years)
                                                     Age at Retrofit
New
                                        10  11  12
                                                    13
                                                        14  15  16  17
                                                                         18
                                                                             19   20   21   22
                                                                                             23
                                                                                                 24   25   26
                                                                                                             27
                                                                                                                 28
                                                      Survival %

-------
                         Table C-l:
                On Highway Scrappage Table:
Scrappage Table Survival Fraction (Based on 1980 Vehicles) (cont.)
Vehicle
Age
From
New
(Years)
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
SUM
Age at Retrofit
New
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Survival %
47.9%
44.2%
40.6%
37.1%
33.7%
30.6%
27.6%
24.8%
22.2%
19.8%
17.6%
15.5%
1826%
47.9%
44.2%
40.6%
37.1%
33.7%
30.6%
27.6%
24.8%
22.2%
19.8%
17.6%
15.5%
1726%
47.9%
44.2%
40.6%
37.1%
33.7%
30.6%
27.6%
24.8%
22.2%
19.8%
17.6%
15.5%
1626%
49.4%
45.7%
42.1%
38.6%
35.2%
32.1%
29.1%
26.3%
23.7%
21.3%
19.1%
17.0%
1566%
51.2%
47.5%
43.9%
40.4%
37.0%
33.9%
30.9%
28.1%
25.5%
23.1%
20.9%
18.8%
1513%
53.4%
49.7%
46.1%
42.6%
39.2%
36.1%
33.1%
30.3%
27.7%
25.3%
23.1%
21.0%
1468%
55.9%
52.2%
48.6%
45.1%
41.7%
38.6%
35.6%
32.8%
30.2%
27.8%
25.6%
23.5%
1428%
58.8%
55.1%
51.5%
48.0%
44.6%
41.5%
38.5%
35.7%
33.1%
30.7%
28.5%
26.4%
1395%
61.9%
58.2%
54.6%
51.1%
47.7%
44.6%
41.6%
38.8%
36.2%
33.8%
31.6%
29.5%
1363%
65.2%
61.5%
57.9%
54.4%
51.0%
47.9%
44.9%
42.1%
39.5%
37.1%
34.9%
32.8%


68.8%
65.1%
61.5%
58.0%
54.6%
51.5%
48.5%

45.7/o
43. 1%
40.7%
38.5%
36.4%


72.5%
68.8%
65.2%
61.7%
58.3%
55.2%
52.2%

49.4/o
46.8%
44.4%
42.2%
40.1%


76.3%
72.6%
69.0%
65.5%
62. 1%
59.0%
56.0%

53.2/o
50.6%
48.2%
46.0%
43.9%


80.2%
76.5%
72.9%
69.4%
66.0%
62.9%
59.9%
57.1%
54.5%
52.1%
49.9%
47.8%


84.2%
80.5%
76.9%
73.4%
70.0%
66.9%
63.9%
61.1%
58.5%
56.1%
53.9%
51.8%


88.2%
84.5%
80.9%
77.4%
74.0%
70.9%
67.9%
65.1%
62.5%
60.1%
57.9%
55.8%


92.2%
88.5%
84.9%
81.4%
78.0%
74.9%
71.9%
69.1%
66.5%
64.1%
61.9%
59.8%
1089%
96.1%
92.4%
88.8%
85.3%
81.9%
78.8%
75.8%
73.0%
70.4%
68.0%
65.8%
63.7%
1040%
100.0%
96.3%
92.7%
89.2%
85.8%
82.7%
79.7%
76.9%
74.3%
71.9%
69.7%
67.6%
987%
0
100.0%
96.4%
92.9%
89.5%
86.4%
83.4%
80.6%
78.0%
75.6%
73.4%
71.3%
928%
0
0
100.0%
96.5%
93.1%
90.0%
87.0%
84.2%
81.6%
79.2%
77.0%
74.9%
864%
0
0
0
100.0%
96.6%
93.5%
90.5%
87.7%
85.1%
82.7%
80.5%
78.4%
795%
0
0
0
0
100.0%
96.9%
93.9%
91.1%
88.5%
86.1%
83.9%
81.8%


0
0
0
0
0
100.0%
97.0%
94.2%
91.6%
89.2%
87.0%
84.9%
644%
0
0
0
0
0
0
100.0%
97.2%
94.6%
92.2%
90.0%
87.9%
562%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100.0%
97.4%
95.0%
92.8%
90.7%
476%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100.0%
97.6%
95.4%
93.3%
386%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100.0%
97.8%
95.7%
294%
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100.0%
97.9%
198%

-------
Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table C-2:
                                  NonRoad Median Life Table
Target Fleet*
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c,P
c
c
c
c
c, p, r
c
c, a, p, r
c
c
c
c
c, r
c
c,P
c, a, p, r
c
c,P
Equipment
Pavers
Tampers/Rammers
Plate Compactors
Rollers
Scrapers
Paving Equipment
Surfacing Equipment
Signal Boards
Trenchers
Bore/Drill Rigs
Excavators
Concrete/Industrial Saws
Cement & Mortar Mixers
Cranes
Graders
Off-Highway Trucks
Crushing/Proc. Equipment
Rough Terrain Forklifts
Rubber Tire Loaders
Rubber Tire Dozers
Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes
Crawler Tractors
Skid Steer Loaders
Off-Highway Tractors
Dumpers/Tenders
Other Construction Equipment
Median Life
HP 0 - 50
5.16
12.64
12.01
5.58
4.64
6.81
7.55
10.87
7.15
12.48
3.88
7.31
21.14
5.87
4.40
2.58
6.09
6.40
5.57
4.71
10.49
4.53
14.55
4.96
21.03
6.99
HP 51 - 300
9.63
23.59
22.42
10.41
8.65
12.72
14.10
20.29
13.34
23.29
7.24
13.64
39.47
10.96
8.22
4.82
11.36
11.95
10.39
8.80
19.58
8.45
27.17
9.25
39.26
13.05
HP 301 -
99999
14.45
35.39
33.63
15.61
12.98
19.07
21.15
30.43
20.01
34.93
10.86
20.46
59.20
16.44
12.33
7.23
17.05
17.92
15.59
13.20
29.37
12.68
40.75
13.88
58.89
19.58
                                                                                         (cont.)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page C-3

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                                                                Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                           Table C-2:
                              NonRoad Median Life Table (cont.)
Target Fleet*
P,r
c, p, r
c
P, r
P, r
P
c
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
c,P
c,P
c,p, r
c, p, r
c, p, r
c, p, r
a
a
Equipment
Aerial Lifts
Forklifts
Sweepers/Scrubbers
Other General Industrial Equipment
Other Material Handling Equipment
AC Refrigeration
Terminal Tractors
Two-Wheel Tractors
Agricultural Tractors
Combines
Balers
Agricultural Mowers
Sprayers
Tillers > Six HP
Swathers
Hydro Power Units
Other Agricultural Equipment
Irrigation Sets
Light Commercial Generator Sets
Light Commercial Pumps
Light Commercial Air Compressors
Light Commercial Gas Compressors
Light Commercial Welders
Light Commercial Pressure Washer
Logging Equipment Chain Saws > 6
Logging Equipment Shredders > 6
Median Life
HP 0 - 50
31.00
2.49
4.77
6.62
28.28
4.34
3.37
7.79
8.92
28.25
44.60
11.67
47.08
24.64
38.52
7.36
11.12
7.76
17.20
14.43
7.13
0.68
18.51
40.10
60.53
35.31
HP 51 - 300
57.87
4.65
8.90
12.36
52.79
8.09
6.29
14.54
16.65
52.73
83.26
21.79
87.89
45.99
71.91
13.74
20.76
14.49
32.11
26.93
13.32
1.28
34.56
74.85
113.00
65.92
HP 301 -
99999
86.81
6.98
13.34
18.54
79.18
12.14
9.44
21.81
24.98
79.10
124.89
32.68
131.83
68.98
107.86
20.61
31.14
21.73
48.16
40.39
19.97
1.92
51.84
112.27
169.49
98.87
                                                                                         (cont.)
Page C-4
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                          Table C-2:
                              NonRoad Median Life Table (cont.)
Target Fleet*
a
P
m
r
r
r
Equipment
Logging Equip Fell/Bunch/Skidders
Airport Support Equipment
Other Underground Mining Equipment
Switch
Passenger
Line-Haul
Median Life
HP 0 - 50
3.32
5.79
7.77
26.51
10.17
10.17
HP 51 - 300
6.20
10.81
14.50
49.49
18.98
18.98
HP 301 -
99999
9.30
16.21
21.74
74.23
28.46
28.46
  : c = construction; a = agriculture; p = port-related; r = rail.
                                          Table C-3:
                              NonRoad Default Scrappage Curve
Age Ratio
0.0000
0.0588
0.1694
0.2710
0.3639
0.4486
0.5254
0.5948
0.6570
0.7125
0.7617
0.8049
0.8425
0.8750
0.9027
0.9259
0.9451
Cumulative Percent Scrapped
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.31
                                                                      (cont.)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page C-5

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                                                              Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                          Table C-3:
                          NonRoad Default Scrappage Curve (cont.)
Age Ratio
0.9607
0.9730
0.9824
0.9894
0.9942
0.9973
0.9990
1.0000
1.0010
1.0027
1.0058
1.0106
1.0176
1.0270
1.0393
1.0549
1.0741
1.0973
1.1250
1.1575
1.1951
1.2383
1.2875
1.3430
1.4052
1.4746
1.5514
1.6361
1.7290
1.8306
1.9412
2.0000
Cumulative Percent Scrapped
0.33
0.35
0.37
0.39
0.41
0.43
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.57
0.59
0.61
0.63
0.65
0.67
0.69
0.71
0.73
0.75
0.77
0.79
0.81
0.83
0.85
0.87
0.89
0.91
0.93
0.95
0.97
0.99
1.00
Page C-6
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                       Appendix D:
                                Locomotive Default Usage
                                        Table D-l:
                   Annual Activity Hours (Default Usage) for Line-Haul,
                            Passenger, and Switch Locomotive
Year in Usage
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Line-Haul or Passenger
4350
4350
4350
4350
4350
4350
4350
4350
4268
4187
4105
4024
3942
3861
3779
3698
3616
3534
3453
3371
3290
3208
3127
3045
2963
Switch
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
                                                                               (cont.)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page D-l

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                                                             Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                         Table D-l:
                    Annual Activity Hours (Default Usage) for Line-Haul,
                          Passenger, and Switch Locomotive (cont.)
Year in Usage
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
Line-Haul or Passenger
2882
2800
2719
2637
2556
2474
2393
2311
2229
2148
2066
1985
1903
1822
1740














Switch
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4450
4383
4317
4250
4183
                                                                                 (cont.)
Page D-2
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
                                        Table D-l:
                    Annual Activity Hours (Default Usage) for Line-Haul,
                          Passenger, and Switch Locomotive (cont.)
Year in Usage
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
Line-Haul or Passenger
















Switch
4116
4050
3983
3916
3849
3783
3716
3649
3582
3516
3449
3382
3315
3249
3182
3115
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Page D-3

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                                                                    Diesel Emissions Quantifier User's Guide
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Page D-4                                                              U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

-------