Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
&EPA
I ii . i -.' .-
Environmental Protection
Agency
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
SUPERFUND AND TECHNOLOGY LIAISON (STL)
REGION 9 NEWSLETTER
Winter 2011, Edition 54
Happy (late) New Year! It's time for the Winter edition of the quarterly Region 9 STL
newsletter, my attempt at compiling the latest in the world of hazardous waste remediation
issues. Down below you'll find various articles on EPA's work in the field, as well as
listings of new documents and articles and upcoming workshops and conferences. In
addition, it's my time to remind you that if you are an RPM, technical support is available
within the region, as well as from the ORD Tech Support Centers, and I can assist you.
Please call with any questions about that support. There is more on the support here ->
http ://www.epa.gov/osp/hstl.htm .
In this quarter's newsletter, among other items, you can find articles on accelerating a
pump and treat cleanup, a new twist on ground water sampling at ISCO sites, and getting
chromium out of drinking water.
Please, if you have any comments / criticisms / suggestions or otherwise about the
newsletter, send them my way. I want to make sure this is useful for you!
Mike Gill
EPA Region 9
ORD Superfund and Technology Liaison
415-972-3054
gill.michael@epa.gov
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
Winter 2011 Edition of the Region 9 STL Newsletter:
National News
• New Tools and Technologies
- Accelerating Pump-and-Treat Remediation at Arsenic-Contaminated Sites
Ground Water Sampling at ISCO Sites - Binary Mixtures of VOCs and Persulfate
AFCEE BAA Demonstrates Phytostabilization Can Part of Overall Remedial
Approach
- ETV Verified Technologies
• Superfund Research Center News: Rename US-Mexico Binational Center for Environmental
Sciences and Toxicology in honor of Dean E. Carter, Ph.D.
• TSP Meeting Summary, Orlando, FL (November 15-18, 2010)
Local News
• Getting Chromium Out Of Water
• Six-Phase Heating and SVE Used for Alameda BRAC Facility Cleanup
• US EPA-SRP West Coast Seminar Series is an Outstanding Accomplishment
Datebook - Upcoming Events
Web Pages
• SERDP and ESTCP Launch New Web Site
• SMARTe 2011 Is Now Available
Recent Documents, Databases, etc.
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NATIONAL NEWS
New Tools and Technologies
Accelerating Pump-and-Treat Remediation at Arsenic-Contaminated Sites
(From SRP Tech Brief 193, dated January 5, 2011)
EPA continues its collaboration with the NIEHS Superfund Research Program. The program
currently funds research on Superfund issues at 16 universities throughout the US. The SRP
releases a research brief monthly covering a topic of late breaking interest. Below is a brief sent
out this month (January 2011). For more information on the SRP, see their webpage:
http://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/srp/about/index.cfm .
"Pump-and-treat" remediation strategies involve pumping contaminated groundwater to the
surface using a series of extraction wells, treating the groundwater to remove the contaminants,
and then either re-injecting the water underground or disposing of it off site. Although sites
utilizing pump-and-treat are expected to need many years to reach desired clean up levels and
have high annual cost, this approach is in use at nearly three-quarters of the Superfund sites
where groundwater is contaminated. The Vineland Chemical Company, located in southern New
Jersey, manufactured arsenic-based herbicides from 1950 to 1994. Decades of improper storage
and disposal led to extensive arsenic contamination of subsurface soils, groundwater, and
adjacent creeks, rivers and wetlands. A two million gallons per day pump-and-treat remediation
facility, operating since 2000 at the Vineland Superfund Site, has significantly reduced offsite
arsenic transport and yielded a ten-fold initial decrease in groundwater total arsenic
concentrations in the pumping wells. However, groundwater arsenic levels remain high (several
hundred (^g/L) and the sandy aquifer solids represent a large reservoir of arsenic (-105
kilograms) for continued groundwater contamination. The effectiveness of pump and treat
systems for remediation of arsenic-contaminated groundwater is affected by aquifer conditions
(e.g., pH, oxidation-reduction potential) and subsurface geology. In particular, the relatively slow
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
release of arsenic from iron and aluminum (hydr)oxides on the surface of aquifer solids can
greatly decrease the effectiveness of pump and treat systems.
Columbia University scientists funded by the NIEHS Superfund Research Program hypothesized
that the time frame for remediating arsenic contaminated aquifers via pump-and-treat could be
substantially decreased by subsurface additions of chemical amendments. The goal is to increase
the mobilization of arsenic from aquifer solids and therefore increase the amount of arsenic
removed from the aquifer with each volume of water pumped out and treated.
The scientists combined laboratory experiments, hydro logical modeling, and field studies to
evaluate the efficacy of chemical amendments for mobilizing arsenic from aquifer solids. The
most promising chemical amendment has been oxalic acid, a natural soil acid often responsible
for dissolving and transporting iron and aluminum oxides in unsaturated zone soils. These oxide
phases are also important on aquifer mineral surfaces. Oxalic acid shows promise for
dramatically decreasing the time required to use pump-and-treat intervention to remediate not
only the Vineland Megasite, but other sites where contaminants are primarily associated with
iron and aluminum oxide surfaces.
For the full article, see this webpage ->
httD://tools.niehs.nih.gov/srD/l/ResearchBriefs/PDFs/SRP ResearchBrief 193.pdf
Ground Water Sampling at ISCO Sites - Binary Mixtures of Volatile Organic
Compounds and Persulfate
(Contributed by Scott Ruling of ORD's Ada Lab)
Problem Overview. In-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) involves the introduction of a chemical
oxidant into the subsurface for the purpose of transforming ground water or soil contaminants
into less harmful chemical byproducts. An integral component of ISCO is the collection and
analysis of ground water-samples to assess ISCO treatment performance. Often, ground water
samples collected specifically to analyze for organic contaminants may contain the oxidant and
the organic contaminants in a "binary mixture". This commingling of organic contaminants and
oxidants in the ground water sample represents a condition in which there is significant potential
for oxidative transformation of the contaminants after sample collection. Consequently, the
quality of the ground water sample is compromised and a false-negative may result. The two
oxidants, permanganate and persulfate, persist the longest in the subsurface (Ruling and Pivetz,
2006) and represent the greatest potential for binary mixtures.
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-
vfftv
The main cause of binary
mixtures is attributed to
heterogeneities both in aquifer
materials and in the distribution
of oxidants and contaminants
in the subsurface. Ground
water solutes can enter a
monitoring well screen from
different lithologic zones,
containing different levels of
oxidant and contaminant (see
figure) (Huling et al, 2011).
These solutes may be
transported disproportionately
in preferential pathways as
separate solutes in different
lithologic zones, or as a binary
mixture from the same lithologic zone. Insufficient contact time between the oxidant and
contaminant prior to, or after, entering the well limits oxidative transformations and leads to
binary mixtures. Other subsurface conditions may also result in commingling of oxidants and
contaminants.
The figure above shows a conceptual model of hydrogeologic, and oxidant and contaminant fate
and transport conditions that contribute to binary mixture ground-water samples. The oxidant
illustrated in purple, conceptually represents any oxidant (persulfate, permanganate, peroxide)
used for in-situ chemical oxidation. (Figure courtesy of Ground Water Monitoring and
Remediation Journal.)
Results. In this study, binary mixtures comprised of sodium persulfate (2.5 g L"1; 10.5 mM) and
volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (benzene, toluene, m-xylene, perchloroethylene,
trichloroethylene) were analyzed to assess the impact on the quality of the sample (Huling et al.,
2011). A significant decline (49-100%) in the initial VOC concentrations (i.e., 500 - 800 ng/L)
was measured in binary mixtures using gas chromatography (GC) purge and trap, and GC mass
spectroscopy headspace methods. Significant loss in VOCs was also measured at persulfate
concentrations in the range of 0.1 - 2 g/L. Preservation of the binary mixture samples involved
the addition of ascorbic acid where 99-100% VOC average recovery was achieved. High
concentrations of ascorbic acid (42 - 420 mM) did not interfere in the measurement of the
VOCs, and did not negatively impact the analytical instruments. High concentrations of ascorbic
acid favored the reaction between persulfate and ascorbic acid while limiting the reaction
between persulfate and VOCs. Additional details of the information presented in this study are
available (Huling et al., 2011).
Discussion. The binary mixture condition in ground water samples and the subsequent
misconception of results also extends to bench-scale chemical oxidation studies where the
feasibility of ISCO is under investigation. For example, collection and analysis of binary mixture
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
aqueous samples from bench-scale soil reactors may also yield false-negative results. For this
reason, detection and quantification of oxidant concentrations and preservation of aqueous
samples also extends to bench-scale studies where binary mixture aqueous samples are analyzed
for organic contaminants.
Assuming early ground water sample collection and analysis is not critical to the wise and
effective management of the ISCO remedy, in general, it is recommended that sufficient time is
permitted which allows oxidant concentrations to decline to non-detect levels prior to ground
water sampling. Consequently, the effects of oxidant residuals on the quality of the ground water
sample can be avoided, and the chemical conditions in the ground water will become more
stabilized (Ruling and Pivetz, 2006).
An additional study has been conducted that investigated the impact of permanganate on the
quality of ground water samples (Johnson et al, 2011). Results suggest similar concerns
regarding VOC transformation after sample collection, impact on analytical instruments, and the
importance of oxidant detection and sample preservation at the well head. Preliminary guidelines
for oxidant detection and sample preservation are currently being prepared for both persulfate
and permanganate.
Acknowledgement. This collaborative project was initiated through coordination efforts provided
by Rob Weber, Superfund Technical Liaison (EPA Region 7).
References.
Ruling, S.G. and B. Pivetz. 2006. "In-Situ Chemical Oxidation - Engineering Issue". US
EPA,National Risk Management Research Laboratory, R.S. Kerr Environ. Res. Center, Ada,
OK. EPA/600/R-06/072.
Ruling, S.G., Ko, S., and Pivetz, B. 2010. (In Press) Ground water sampling at ISCO sites -
binary mixtures of volatile organic compounds and persulfate. Ground Water Monit. Remed.
Johnson, K.T., St. Germaine, M.W., and Ruling, S.G. 2010. (In Preparation) "A validation study
to preserve ground-water samples containing volatile organic compounds and permanganate at
ISCO sites." Ground Water Monit. Remed.
AFCEE BAA Demonstrates Phytostabilization Can be Part of Overall Remedial
Approach
(Courtesy of US Air Force's Erica Becvar, From AFCEE Tech Transfer Newsletter, Dec 2010)
AF Center for Engineering
and the Environment
Phytostabilization is the use of plants to uptake groundwater and chlorinated aliphatic
hydrocarbons (CAHs) in order to contain or control the migration of contaminated groundwater.
Under the AFCEE Broad Agency Announcement (BAA), this approach to groundwater
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
treatment was tested at Travis Air Force Base (AFB), CA, and Fairchild AFB, WA, as part of a
multi-site initiative by the AFCEE BAA with Parsons Infrastructure and Technology Group, Inc.
The project quantified the mass of TCE being removed by or within the plant stand via leaf,
trunk, and soil flux. The measured removal rates were significant when compared to the mass of
contaminants measured below the plant stand. While there are limitations to the
phytostabilization process (e.g., depth of impact below water table), the BAA project determined
that the process can be a component of an overall remedial approach, which makes use of its low
impact, low maintenance, and highly sustainable features. In addition, phyto stabilization along
with other remedial technologies will be incorporated into the ROD for both sites.
Further information can be found at the AFCEE BAA website:
www.afcee.af.mil/resources/technologytransfer/baaand Technology Transfer website at
www.afcee.af.mil. Email afcee.ttoo @us.af.mil for an electronic copy of the final report.
ETV Verified Technologies
The ETV Program has verified the performance of 434 innovative environmental technologies
that can be used to monitor, prevent, control, and clean up pollution. For a full list of ETV
verifications, visit http://www.epa.gov/etv/verifiedtechnologies.html.
Environmental Technology Verification Program
Systems
ir Pollution
Control
Drinking Water
Systems
Greenhouse Gas
Technology
Water Quality
Protection
DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY VERIFIED
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/vt-wqp.htmltfdwtt
COATING MATERIALS FOR INFRASTRUCTURE REHABILITATION VERIFIED
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/vt-wqp.html
ADSORPTIVE MEDIA FOR REMOVAL OF URANIUM IN DRINKING WATER VERIFIED
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/vt-dws.htmWtraic
IMMUNOASSAY TEST KITS FOR MICROCYSTINS VERIFIED
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/vt-ams.htmltfitkm
QUALITATIVE SPOT TEST KITS FOR LEAD IN PAINT VERIFIED
http ://www. epa. gov/nr mrl/std/etv/este. htmltfpcqstklp
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
LEAK DETECTION AND REPAIR TECHNOLOGIES VERIFIED
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/vt-ams.htmlffldrt
Superfund Research Center News: Rename US-Mexico Binational Center for
Environmental Sciences and Toxicology in honor of Dean E. Carter, Ph.D.
Due to its proximity to the border, Region 9 works on US / Mexico border environmental issues.
And as you are probably aware, for years, EPA Region 9 has also worked closely with the
Superfund Research Program (SRP). Border communities have a higher incidence of health
problems, especially in children, due to exposure to a variety of uncontrolled pollution sources.
That makes for obvious collaboration on border issues.
Below is a letter from Dr. Jay Gandolfi of the University of Arizona (an SRP university) to UA's
President Robert Shelton about the Binational Center for Environmental Sciences and
Toxicology. This Center was recently renamed to honor Dr. Dean Carter. The Center supports a
program designed to address heavy metal contamination issues through specialized studies and
workshops that train Mexican professionals. The specialized studies by the Center include:
1) Mine Tailings: Characterization and Phytostabilization
2) Landfill Leachate Plumes: Characterization, Bio remediation and Prevention
3) Arsenic and Health: Link to Diabetes and Breast Cancer
4) Health Impacts of Heavy Metals to Children
ILS, - Mexico Binational Center
for Environmental Sciences and Toxicology
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Dr. Dean Carter
In addition, workshops planned for the next three years include these topics:
1. Mine Tailings: Environmental Impacts; Health Impacts and Remediation
2. Impact of Environmental Contaminants on Children's Health
3. Genotoxicity in Environmental Toxicology
4. Landfills: Environmental Impacts; Health Impacts and Remediation
5. Bio remediation Techniques for Low Cost Treatment of Environmental Contaminants
6. Physical/Chemical Remediation Techniques and Hazardous Waste Management
7. Arsenic: Health Impacts and Remediation
8. Lead: Health Impacts and Remediation
9. Chlorinated Solvents: Health Impacts and Remediation
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
Here is Dr. Gandolfi's Letter:
In the late 1970s, Dean E. Carter, Ph.D. (Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of
Pharmacy) began establishing collaborative environmental health and sciences projects between
the University of Arizona faculty and Mexican colleagues at both Universities and Mexican
Institutes. When the Congress passed Superfund legislation in 1986, Dr. Carter saw this as an
opportunity to strengthen collaborative research and training on common environmental
problems facing the US and Mexico. Dr. Carter was PI of the first NIH-sponsored Superfund
Program grant awarded to the University of Arizona in 1989 and immediately implemented an
"Outreach to Mexico" component of the award. Through ensuing competitive renewals of the
Superfund Program Dr. Carter nurtured the growing interactions with Mexico on environmental
issues through collaborative investigations, training Mexican students in our graduate
programs, and NIH-sponsored conferences/workshops.
In 2003 the multiple interactions between the University of Arizona and Mexico on
environmental health issues was formally bundled into a Memorandum of Understanding
between the University of Arizona and the Mexican Council for Science and Technology
(CONACyT) to establish a US-Mexico Binational Center for Environmental Sciences and
Toxicology. This agreement was signed by University of Arizona President Peter Likens and
CONACyT Director General, Ing. Jaime ParadaAvila. The establishment of the Binational
Center attracted support from both US and Mexican agencies. The EPA, US-AID, and NSF
joined the NIH in sponsorship of the Center's activities and CONACyT repeatedly supplied
annual sponsorship of the Center. The Binational Center was a recipient of federal funds from
both republican (Kolbe) and democratic (Grijalva) congressmen. To this date, the Binational
Center remains a source of collaborative training, technology transfer, and community
engagement on environmental problems that affect both countries.
Unfortunately, Dr. Carter was plagued with major health problems through much of his adult
life. Yet, during his tenure at the University of Arizona (1972-2007), he accounted for the
establishment of the interdisciplinary Toxicology Program (he was the first faculty hire), landing
the first NIH-sponsored Superfund Basic Research Program (1989), and developing the US-
Mexico Binational Center for Environmental Sciences and Toxicology (2003). After two major
neurological surgeries, Dr. Carter eventually became wheelchair bound but continued to
administer and provide sage mentorship to many of us who became engaged in these endeavors.
In May 2010, Dr. Carter finally succumbed to his health ailments. To honor Dr. Carter's career-
long efforts to bridge the US-Mexico Border and establish open collaborative research and
training on common environmental problems between the two nations, we respectfully request
that the US-Mexico Binational Center for Environmental Sciences and Toxicology be renamed
the Dean Carter Binational Center for Environmental Health Sciences.
Sincerely,
A. Jay Gandolfi, Ph.D.
Director, University of Arizona Superfund Research Program
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
TSP Meeting Summary. Orlando. FL (November 15-18. 2010)
(Edited from TSP "Highlights" report of the Meeting)
The Technical Support Project (TSP) Forums met this past
November in Orlando, FL. The semi-annual meeting took
advantage of its proximity to NASA's Cape Canaveral, where
many remediation projects have been conducted over the
years. And let's not forget that they are home to America's
space program! The TSP group also meets with NARPM
each spring. This meeting was run by the Federal Facilities
Forum and in addition to the 3 Forums (Engineering, Ground
Water and Federal Facilities) conducting their own business
sessions, the "Highlights" report notes that:
Case studies highlighting the characterization and cleanup of sites contaminated with
chlorinated solvents were presented by the TSP's three forums—Engineering, Federal Facilities,
and Ground Water. Participants also heard presentations on emerging contaminants, the
monitored natural attenuation of inorganics, and recent activities of EPA's Federal Facilities
Restoration and Reuse Office (FFRRO). There was particular interest in a presentation on
potential pitfalls of sampling groundwater at sites undergoing in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO).
Another item of interest was an announcement by Kathy Yager of EPA's Office of Superfund
Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI) that she is seeking volunteers
from each Region to join a workgroup to help develop and implement a national strategy on
optimization. If you are interested, please contact Kathy at .
Two links that cover the meeting are:
1. The meeting agenda with links to presentations:
http://www.epa.gov/tio/tsp/download/2010 fall meeting/index.ht
ml.
2. Highlights from the meeting:
http://epa.gov/tio/tsp/download/2010 fall meeting/tsp highlights
fall 2010.pdf.
On the right: The original launchpads for Mercury and Gemini space
launches where current gw remediation is occurring
(http://upload.wikimedia.Org/wikipedia/commons/l/17/Cape Canaveral
Air Force Station.jpg)
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
The work done by the Air Force to prepare and
conduct the field trip to Cape Canaveral was very
much appreciated. We were able to visit about 10
remediation sites on the base, not to mention
historical sites that many of us observed on TV
while following the space program since the time
we were "wannabe" astronauts. Our careers didn't
follow that path, but we finally got to see some of
the famous launch sites anyway! Details of the field
trip are also part of the Highlights paper.
Mercury 7 Monument at Cape Canaveral
If you would like to join any of the three Forums
and represent your region on these national
workgroups, please contact your regional rep
(listed on page 7 of the Highlights report). State
project managers working on Superfund and
RCRA site cleanups are also encouraged to
participate!
NASA Work Area where contamination is a
problem!
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LOCAL NEWS
Getting Chromium Out Of Water
(Contributed by Dr. Bruce Macler, US EPA Region 9)
Erin Brockovich became famous and made a bunch of money off
of chromium*, but drinking water utilities will end up having to
pay for it.... The CA Department of Public Health is in the
process of creating a drinking water standard for hexavalent
chromium (Cr(VI)). Because the CA Office of Environmental
Health Hazard Assessment has proposed a Public Health Goal for
Cr(VI) at 0.02 ug/L, the Cr(VI) Maximum Contaminant Level is
surely going to be much lower than the current CA total chromium
MCL of 50 ug/L. How will utilities get their chromium out?
24
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Chromium
51.9961
Fortunately, the City of Glendale and other nearby water agencies took the lead to find ways to
remove Cr(VI) from their groundwater several years ago. Through a series of thoughtfully-
developed and creatively-funded projects, work has progressed from lab to bench to pilot to full
scale. As the work goes to the operational level, and as California DPH considers its drinking
water regulation, it is time for the Glendale story to be told.
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Around 1999-2000, when the movie
Erin Brockovich was released and
OEHHA first proposed a vastly lower
PHG, the water utilities in Glendale,
Burbank, Los Angeles and San
Fernando recognized that controlling
Cr(VI) in their drinking water
supplies might be required. They
pooled their money and had the
American Water Works Association
Research Foundation (now, Water
Research Foundation) oversee a study
on how to reliably get Cr(VI) below 2
ug/L. Subsequent line-item
appropriations in EPA's FY02 and
FY03 budgets, plus additional
matching funds from the utilities and
other groups, funded a sequenced series of studies to continue and refine the initial results.
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-Los Anqel
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
Fortunately, the initial investigators (McGuire Environmental Consultants [now part of Malcolm
Pirnie]) were selected to see the entire project through. These studies involved a consortium that
also included investigators at University of Colorado, Utah State University and UCLA.
Because many oxidized metals (chromate, arsenate, vanadate, uranate, etc.) have similar
properties, the initial interest was to try the approaches used for arsenic treatment. These
included anion exchange, various membrane filtration methods, ferric precipitation and filtration,
and the use of iron-based absorptive media. Since Cr(III) is an essential nutrient, but Cr(VI) is
toxic, early attempts tried to isolate and remove just the Cr(VI), or reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in
some stable form.
As usual, doing the experiments led to many "Ah ha's". While stannous chloride and other
agents effectively reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III), the resulting water slowly returned to Cr(VI) when
subsequently disinfected with free chlorine or monochloramine. Because disinfection of
drinking water is required, this led to the consideration that control of Cr(VI) meant removal of
all forms of chromium, not just Cr(VI). At the same time, it was found that if the experiments
were done under the higher pH conditions required for control of lead and copper corrosion,
substantial precipitation of Cr(III) particles resulted, which were insensitive to reoxidation by the
disinfectants.
At bench-scale, some of the arsenic treatments, such as ferric oxide/hydroxide media, didn't
work well at all. Other media suffered from competitive effects from co-occurring constituents
specific to different water sources, so weren't seen as generally useful. Nanofiltration and
reverse osmosis membranes were both effective, but suffered from high water loss and fouling
issues. The tested strong-base anion exchange resins all performed very well, superior than any
of the sorptive media. Coagulation of chromium, especially with reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III),
followed by precipitation and filtration, was also very promising.
The subsequent pilot-scale work focused on further screening anion exchange resins and
optimizing reduction/ precipitation/ filtration approaches under field conditions. Both the strong-
base anion exchange and reduction/ coagulation/ filtration were successful at pilot-scale. During
this work, a weak-base anion exchange resin was unexpectedly found to consistently perform
well. A number of weak-base anion exchange resins were then screened and tested for a possible
third approach, because of their potential for a cost-effective, disposable medium. Results were
sufficiently satisfactory to substitute it for the strong-base anion exchange system for the
following demonstration studies.
Current work continues at full-scale at two wells in the Glendale
system. One is testing the weak-base anion exchange resin; the other
is using ferrous reduction, coagulation and filtration. Operational
issues and cost information are primary goals.
The value of this work has turned out to be far greater than
anticipated, since it stands as the only such project in the US, and CO
essentially the sole source of practical information for drinking water ^—
regulators. The researchers have consistently produced peer-review o>
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
publication quality data, and published their results in a way that others can easily use them.
Their presentations and discussions on what they have learned are equally useful. While the City
of Glendale will have information that can allow them to successfully treat their drinking water
to the 2 ug/L level that City desires, the information is significant for national use. When
USEPA or state drinking water programs develop their standards, treatability, operational
feasibility and costs are as primary considerations as is the public health risk.
(* Chromium is typically found in drinking water in either the toxic hexavalent (Cr(VI))
oxidation state, the nutrient trivalent (Cr(III)) chromium, or as chromium metal (i.e., chrome-
plated bumpers). USEPA has a drinking water MCL for total chromium at 100 ug/L, based on
Cr(VI) toxicity.)
Six-Phase Heating and SVE Used for Alameda BRAC Facility Cleanup
(From Tech News and Trends, October 2010 issue)
The U.S. Navy undertook a removal action in 2006 to address DNAPL in soil and groundwater
at Installation Restoration (IR) Site 5 at the former Alameda Naval Air Station in Alameda, CA.
The primary objective of the removal action was to reduce total CVOC concentrations in
groundwater to below 10,000 (^g/L, to the extent technically and economically practicable.
Electrical heating with SVE was selected to remove VOC mass in a subsurface area affected by a
plume. After 13 months of active heating, the average total dissolved CVOC concentration in
targeted onsite groundwater decreased more than 99%.
For the complete story, see the webpage -> http://clu-in.org/download/techdrct/tnandtl010.pdf
Six Phase Heating operations inside remaining
portions of the building relied on heating components
from in situ thermal operations previously conducted
to address the plume.
Contributed by James Fyfe, CA Department of Toxic Substances Control (jfyfe@dtsc.ca.gov or
510-540-3850) and Derek Robinson, U.S. Navy BRAC Program Management Office
(derek.j.robinsonl @navy.mil or 619-532-0951)
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
US EPA-SRP West Coast Seminar Series is an Outstanding Accomplishment
(As appeared in the University of Arizona SRP Accomplishments newsletter of October 8, 2010)
The "EPA-SRP Seminar Series" is the result of
ongoing collaborative and communicative
w
efforts between U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), Region 9, Office of Research
S6mJn3r anc^ Development's Superfund and Technology
p ^^ Liaison Mike Gill and former UA SRP Research
Translation Coordinator, Monica Ramirez.
Together in 2007, they created this seminar
j series by aligning the research strengths of the
_ /^^rr~\ University of Arizona SRP with the scientific
^^7 K^ needs of the Regional 9 Project Managers
S (RPMs).
For the complete story, see this website:
http://www.superfund.pharmacy.arizona.edu/news/US EPA SRP West Coast seminar success.php
DATEBOOK - UPCOMING EVENTS
This section of the newsletter is an attempt to present both EPA and non-EPA sponsored
environmental technology related courses and conferences. But being a quarterly publication, it
is impossible for this newsletter to always be up-to-date. For the most pertinent information on
upcoming EPA courses, see http://www.trainex.org. These events are listed chronologically.
Many of the entries in these newsletters are from TIO's "TechDirect" emails (thank you Jeff
Heimerman!). TechDirect is also tied to the clu-in webpage, which lists many training
opportunities, including the following:
Announcement of Courses: http://clu-in.org/courses
Archive of Courses: http://clu-in.org/live/archive.cfm
Internet Training http://www.cluin.org/training
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
ITRC Internet Based Training
These are typically 1-2 hour online courses where the participant follows a webpage
presentation, while listening on the phone. Check - http://www.itrcweb.org or http://www.clu-
in.org/studio/seminar.cfm to verify times and registration, unless other websites are mentioned
below.
(Note that times are Eastern time)
February 15 - Quality Consideration for Munitions Response
2:00 p.m. - 4:15 p.m. EASTERN TIME
February 17 - In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Ethene - DNAPL Source Zones
11:00 a.m. - 1:15 p.m. EASTERN TIME
February 24 - Mine Waste Treatment Technology Selection
11:00 a.m. - 1:15 p.m. EASTERN TIME
Children's Environmental Health Protection:
Translating Science into Risk Assessment Practice
February 1-3, 2011
Las Vegas, Nevada
http://www.epa.gov/risk_assessment/
SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED
SEDIMENTS
New Orleans, Louisiana
February 7-10, 2011
http://www.battelle.org/Conferences/sediments/scope.aspx
Superfund 101
February 14-18, 2011
Las Vegas, NV
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?classid=4811&courseid=254
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
2011 Advancing the Next Generation of Risk Assessment (NexGen) Conference
February 15-16, 2011
Washington, DC
http://epa.nexgen.icfi.com/
Radiation Safety
February 22-24, 2011 (3 separate classes)
U.S. Coast Guard Base, Novato, CA
http://www.trainex.org
Air Force Restoration and Technology Transfer Workshop: "Collaboration for Closure'
March 7-11,2011
San Antonio, TX
http://www.afcee.af.mil/resources/technologvtransfer/technologytransferworkshop
Recent Advances in Site Remediation Technologies
(part of Geo-Frontiers 2011 Conference)
March 13-16, 2011
Dallas, Texas
http://www.geo frontiers 11 .com/
American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) Spring Meeting and Global Congress
on Process Safety
March 13-17, 2011
Chicago, IL
http://www.aiche.org/Conferences/SpringMeeting/index.aspx
21st Annual International Conference on Soils, Sediments, Water, and Energy and
AEHS Foundation Annual Meeting
March 14-17, 2011
San Diego, California
http://www.aehsfoundation.org/west-coast-conference.aspx
Groundwater Pollution and Hydrology Course
March 14-18, 2011
San Francisco, CA
http://www.princeton-groundwater.com/course-calendar.htm
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
Health & Safety 40 Hour
March 14-18, 2011
Richmond Lab, Richmond, CA
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?classid=4801&courseid=23
Pollutant Responses in Marine Organisms
May 15-18, 2011
Location: Long Beach, CA
http://www.visitlongbeach.com/primo
AMERICANA 2011 - 9th International Environmental Technology Trade Show and
Conference
March 22-24, 2011
Montreal, QC
http://americana.org/tiki-index.php?page=Home&switchLang=en
The 26th International Conference on Solid Waste Technology and Management
March 27-30, 2011
Philadelphia, PA
http://www2.widener.edu/~sxw0004/call.html
241st National ACS Meeting
March 27-31,2011
Anaheim, CA
http ://www. envirofacs. or e/s ymposia/241 st.html
Environmental Monitoring and Data Quality Workshop
March 28-April 1,2011
Arlington, VA
http://www.regonline.com/2011emdqworkshop
Brownfields 2011 Conference
April 3-5, 2011
Philadelphia, PA
http://www.brownfields2011.org
Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC) Spring Meeting
April 4-8, 2011 00
Minneapolis, MN "*
http://www.itrcweb.org/2011SpringMeeting.asp >
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
The Remediation Course
April 11-15, 2011
Las Vegas, NV
http://www.princeton-groundwater.com/course-calendar.htm
GROUND WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION of California
Environmental Forensics in an Era of Emerging Diagnostic Methods
April 12, 2011
Irvine, CA
http://www.grac.org/environmentalforensics.asp
Introductory Risk Assessment Guidance
April 12-14, 2011
Salt Lake City, UT
http://trainex.org/offeringslist.cfm?courseid=24
Getting to Remedy Selection More Quickly: Using a Conceptual Site Model to Understand
Sediment Site Conditions, Characterize Contamination, and Reduce Uncertainties
April 12-14, 2011
Chicago, IL
http://trainex.org/offeringslist.cfm?courseid=l 177
Sixth Annual Conference on Design and Construction Issues at Hazardous Waste Sites
April 13-15, 2011
Philadelphia, PA
https://superfund.usace.armv.mil/2011DCHWS
ITRC - Vapor Intrusion Pathway: A Practical Guideline
April 18-19, 2011
Princeton, NJ
https://www.regonline.com/builder/site/Default.aspx?EventID=925249
Sampling for Defensible Environmental Decisions
May 2-6, 2011
Fort Collins, CO
http://www.envirostat.org/training.htm
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
Chemistry for Environmental Professionals (Fundamentals)
May 3-4, 2011
EPA Region 9, San Francisco, CA
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?courseid=16&classid=4853
Chemistry for Environmental Professionals (Applied)
May 5-6, 2011
EPA Region 9, San Francisco, CA
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?courseid=66&classid=4854
Waste Expo 2011
May 9-12, 2011
Dallas, TX
http://www.wasteexpo.com/wasteexpo2011/public/enter.aspx
National Association of Remedial Project Managers (NARPM) Conference
May 16-20, 2011
Kansas City, MO (most likely)
http://www.epanarpm.org
2011 RemTEC Summit
May 16-19, 2011
Chicago, IL
www.remtecsummit.com
Sustainable Remediation 2011: State of the Practice
June 1-3, 2011
Amherst, Massachusetts
http://www.umass.edu/tei/conferences/SustainableRemediation/
Health & Safety 8 Hr. Refresher (5 possible days)
June 6-10, 2011
EPA Region 9, San Francisco, CA
http://www.trainex.org
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
16th Annual Contaminated and Hazardous Waste Site Management Course
Theory, Practice & Outdoor Field Demonstrations
Site Characterization Equipment and Remediation Technologies
June 6-10, 2011
Toronto, Ontario
http://www.contaminatedsite.com/
Getting to Remedy Selection More Quickly:
Using a Conceptual Site Model to Understand Sediment Site Conditions, Characterize
Contamination, and Reduce Uncertainties
June 7-9, 2011
Seattle, WA
(U.S. EPA Only)
Course Contact Information: Younus Burhan (Tetra Tech EM Inc.): 703-390-0657 or
younus.burhan@tetratech.com and Steve Ells (EPA): 703-603-8822 or ells.steve@epa.gov
Introductory Risk Assessment Guidance
June 21-23, 2011
EPA Region 9, San Francisco, CA
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?classid=4855&courseid=24
Battelle Int'l Symposium on Bioremediation and Sustainable Environmental Technologies
June 27-30, 2011
Reno, NV
http://www.battelle.org/conferences/bioremediation/
ITRC - Vapor Intrusion Pathway: A Practical Guideline
July 18-19, 2011
Detroit, MI
http://www.itrcweb.org/crt.asp
Risk Management Program (2 courses - Basic and Techniques)
July 26-29, 2011
EPA Richmond Lab, Richmond, CA
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?courseid=123&classid=4856
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?courseid=17&classid=4857
Environmental Remediation Technologies
August 30 - Sept. 1,2011
EPA Region 9, Richmond Lab, CA g,
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?courseid=2&classid=4858 ^
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
ITRC - Vapor Intrusion Pathway: A Practical Guideline
1st week of October 2011
Denver, CO
http://www.itrcweb.org/crt.asp
Removal Process for RPMs
October 18-19, 2011
New Orleans, LA
http://www.trainex.org/classdetails.cfm?courseid=53&classid=4950
SRP 2011 Annual Meeting
October 24-26, 2011
Lexington, KY
http://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/srp/events/index.cfm
WEB PAGES
SERDP and ESTCP Launch New Web Site
SERDP and ESTCP
recently launched a
completely redesigned ,— DQD . EpA . DQE
and integrated web site to
better reflect the Meeting DoD's Environmental Challenges
interrelated nature of the
Programs and to foster technology transfer. The new web site provides enhanced access to information on
applying environmental solutions, improved navigation, and an advanced search capability to enable users
to more easily find program and project information and technical documents. Visit http://www.serdp- C\l
estcp.org to begin taking advantage of the many new features of the joint web site. Learn more about C\l
SERDP and ESTCP's new management structure, which elevates energy and climate change challenges, ^
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
under Program Areas. Explore the latest developments in science, engineering, and technology under
Featured Initiatives. Put innovative research and technology to use by investigating available Tools &
Training. Sign up to receive notification of updates in your areas of interest using the E-mail Distribution
Lists and RSS features. Should you have questions or need assistance, e-mail partners@hgl.com.
SMARTe 2011 Is Now Available
SMARTe.org
RESTORE THE ENVIRONMENT, REVITALIZE COMMUNITIES
The most recent version of SMARTe provides updated links, resources and information related
to all aspects of the land revitalization process including planning future use while considering
environmental issues, economic viability, and socio-cultural needs. For example, the newly
updated Liability Section of SMARTe provides an overview of liability risk (when a site is/was
contaminated) and how to reduce those risks. Additionally, a new sub-section under Future Land
Use/Sustainable Practices provides information and considerations for re-using a site as an urban
garden. SMARTe is widely accessed by users in over 90 different countries.
View SMARTe online at http://www. smarte.org .
RECENT DOCUMENTS, DATABASES,
ETC.
These entries are arranged alphabetically. Thanks to TechDirect, Tech Trends, NRMRL News,
the ETV Program, DOE, DoD and others for posting their latest documents. And remember,
many of these are available in paper format in the Region 9 library. Recently, troubled or closed
libraries at EPA seem to have gotten a reprieve, so please use them! Some items require that you
have an account for access.
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
AFCEE Technology Transfer Releases Report from AFCEE BAA Chlordane
Demonstration AFCEE BAA
http://www.afcee.af. mil/resources/techno lo g vtransfer/baa
"Assessing the Fate and Transformation By-Product Potential of Trenbolone during
Chlorination." Mash, H. (2010). Chemospere. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY,
81(7):946-953. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20719355
"Biodegradability of Lingering Crude Oil 19 Years After the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill."
Venosa, A.D., P. Campo, and M.T. Suidan. (2010). Environmental Science and Technology.
American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 44( 19):7613-7621.
httD://Dubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/esl01042h
Communicating Understanding of Contaminated Land Risks (2010)
(From the Scotland & Northern Ireland Forum for Environmental Research - SNIFFER)
http://www.sniffer.org.uk/Webcontrol/Secure/ClientSpecific/ResourceManagement/UploadedFiles/Com
municating%20understanding%20of%20contaminated%201and%20risks%20guidance%20%28UKLQ13
%29.pdf.
Data Quality Screening Using Trend Charts
(July 2010, 19 pages)
http://www.epa.gov/region9/qa/pdfs/TrendCharting.pdf
"Development And Testing of a New Protocol for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Oil Spill
Surface Washing Agents." Miller Koran, K., A.D. Venosa, C.C. Luedeker, K. Dunnigan, and
G.A. Serial. (2009). Marine Pollution Bulletin. Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, Uk, 58(12):1903-1908.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science? ob=MImg& imagekey=B6V6N-4XlGG5J-l-
7& cdi=5819& user=14684& pii=S0025326X09003051& origin=browse& zone=rslt list item& cove
rDate=12%2F31%2F2009& sk=999419987&wchp=dGLzVzzzSkWA&md5=a8218cce282629bcb01e91
6ce74e30aa&ie=/sdarticle.pdf.
"Drugs and the Environment: Stewardship & Sustainability." Daughton CG., National
Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, US EPA, Las Vegas, NV;
NERL-LV-ESD 10/081, EPA/600/R-10/106; 12 September, 2010, 196 pp; available:
http://www.epa.gov/nerlesdl/bios/daughton/APM200-2010.pdf
"Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Program Case Studies: Demonstrating
Program Outcomes, Volume III" (September 2010).
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/outcomes.html CD
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
"Improved Strategies and Optimization of Calibration Models for Real-time PCR Absolute
Quantification." Sivaganesan, M., R.A. Haugland, E.G. Chern, and O.C. Shanks. (2010). Water
Research. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 44(16):4726-4735.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science? ob=MImg& imagekey=B6V73-50N38KX-7-
N& cdi=5831& user=14684& pii=S0043135410005476& origin=browse& zone=rslt list item& cove
rDate=09%2F30%2F2010& sk=999559983&wchp=dGLzVlbzSkWA&md5=ela22688ee97d952f70nbb
64d2afa63&ie=/sdarticle.pdf.
"Joint Environmental Technology Verification Report and Statement for Sorbisense
GWS40 Passive Ground Water Sampler." U.S.EPA (2010). McKernan, J., A. Dindal, A.
Gregg, G. Heinicke, and C. Gron. EPA/600/R-10/098.
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/pubs/Sorbisense joint verification report.pdf
"Life Cycle Impact Assessment Research Developments and Needs." Bare, J.C. (2010).
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, New
York, NY, 12(4):341-351. http://www.springerlink.com/content/h46481gh23438643/fulltext.pdf
"Long-Term Capacity of Plant Mulch to Remediate Trichloroethylene in Ground water."
Shen, H., CJ. Adair, and J.T. Wilson. (2010). Journal of Environmental Engineering. American
Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Reston, VA, 136(10):1054-1062.
http://ascelibrarv.aip.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet ?filetvpe=pdf&id=JOEEDUOOO 13 6000010001054
000001 &idtvpe=cvips&prog=normal.
"Nanoscale Investigation of the Impact of pH and Orthophosphate on the Corrosion of
Copper Surfaces in Water." Lewandowski, B.R., D.A. Lytle, and J.C. Garno. (2010).
Langmuir. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 26(18):14671-14679.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20799694
"Potential Air Emission Impacts of Cellulosic Ethanol Production at Seven Demonstration
Refineries in the United States." Jones, D.L. (2010). Journal of the Air Pollution Control
Association. Air & Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA, 60(9):1118-1143.
http://secure.awma.org/iournal/Abstract.aspx?id=2301
Phytotechnologies for Site Cleanup
(EPA 542-F- 10-009)
(September 20 10, 12 pages)
http://clu-in.org/download/remed/phytotechnologies-factsheet.pdf
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
Reference Guide to Non-Combustion Technologies for Remediation of Persistent Organic
Pollutants in Soil, Second Edition - 2010
(EPA 542-R-09-007)
(September 2010, 103 pages)
http://clu-in.org/download/remed/pops report finalepa sept2010.pdf
"Regional Sustainable Environmental Management." U.S.EPA. (2010). Heberling, M.T., M.
Hopton, and H. Cabezas. EPA/600/F-10/016.
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/600fl0016/600fl0016.pdf
RE-Powering America's Land Initiative Management Plan
http://www.epa.gov/renewableenergyland/docs/repower management plant.pdf
"Steady-State Design of Vertical Wells for Liquids Addition at Bioreactor Landfills." Jain,
P., T.G. Townsend, and T.M. Tolaymat. (2010). Waste Management. Elsevier Science Ltd, New
York, NY, 30(11):2022- 2029.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science? ob=MImg& imagekey=B6VFR-4YN4X32-l-
1C& cdi=6017& user=14684& pii=S0956053X10001066& origin=browse& zone=rslt list item& co
verDate=ll%2F30%2F2010& sk=999699988&wchp=dGLbVzbzSkWA&md5=cfb54e065bcbOc46ec461
35e5ff3dd34&ie=/sdarticle.pdf.
"Surface Infiltration Rates of Permeable Surfaces: Six Month Update (November 2009
through April 2010)." U.S.EPA. (2010). Borst, M., A. Rowe, E. Stander, and T. O'Connor.
EPA/600/R-10/083. http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/600rl0083/600rl0083.pdf
Technology News and Trends
(EPA 542-N-10-005)
(October 2010, 6 pages)
http://clu-in.org/download/techdrct/tnandtl010.pdf
Technology News and Trends
(EPA 542-N-10-006)
(December 2010, 6 pages)
http://clu-in.org/download/techdrct/tnandtl210.pdf
"Test/QA Plan for Verification of Isotopic Carbon Dioxide Analyzers for Carbon f —
Sequestration Monitoring." McKernan, J., A. Dindal, and A. Louise. (2010). U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. CD
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/etv/pubs/600rl0079.pdf ^
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Region 9 STL Newsletter - Winter 2011
TRITECH ETV (Environmental Technologies Verification) Program Summary
http://www.lifeetv.com/downloads.htm
"Using 3D LIE to Investigate and Improve Performance of a Multichamber Ozone
Contactor." Kim, D., M. Elovitz, P. Roberts, and J. Kim. (2010). Journal AWWA. American
Waterworks Association, Denver, CO, 102(10):61-70.
http://www.awwa.org/publications/A WWAJournalArticle.cfm?itemnumber=55320
Jr. r : , :
Enviionmental Proudkxi
'•i
Disclaimer
This quarterly newsletter publication is meant to be used for information only. It does not
represent the opinion of the management of the regional or national offices of EPA, only that of
the author. The accuracy of the information contained herein is not guaranteed, only desired. If
corrections are necessary, please contact the author. Thanks again to all of my information
resources, which include EPA's OSRTI (formerly TIO), ORD (including ETV and NRMRL
News), NIEHS, DoD and the Groundwater Resources Association of California.
Thanks for reading it! Comments and suggestions are appreciated. If you wish to be added to or
deleted from this list, please send me an email, (gill.michael@epa.gov)
Newsletter archives can be found on the EPA intranet site.
http://www.epa.gov/osp/hstl/hstlnewsletter.htm
A number of environmental technology web resources can be found here.
http://www.epa.gov/region9/waste/techlinks/
And don't forget the "STL" website
http://www.epa.gov/osp/hstl.htm
Mike Gill
ORD Superfund and Technology Liaison
US EPA Region 9 / SFD-84
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
415-972-3054
Gill.Michael@epa.gov
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