FY 1972
CONGRESSIONAL
JUSTIFICATION
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Contents
Purpose Statement ---- . .............. , ....... .- » .......... ... 1
OPERATIONS, RESEARCH, AND FACILITIES, ...... ................ ORF-1
Abatement and Control
Planning ............................................... AC 1-1
Monitoring and surveillance ------ ,. .............. . ...... AC 2-1
Standards and enforcement ....... ................ ....... AC 3-1
Control agency support ---- . .... ......... ... ........... ... AC 4-1
Technical support. ............ . ..... ---- . .............. AC 5-1
Federal activities. . . ........ . .......... . ..... ....... . . AC 6-1
Construction grants administration.. ....... ...... . ..... AC 7-1
Manpower DevelQpment ............. . ............... ..... ... MD-1
Research , Deyelppment^ and Dejonstrc|tion
Poillution sources and effects. ....7.7. ...... . ------- .... ROD 1-1
Pollution control technology ................ ........... ROD 2-1
Facilities. ... ....... , ............ . . . . . ................... F-l
New f aci 1 i ties . ................. . ........... . ....... ... F-3
Repairs* improvements, and alterations... ....... . ...... F-4
Prpjram Direction and Support ......... , ...... ............ PDS-1
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS ................ . ......... . ............. C6-1
SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES OVERSEAS .......... . ....... . ....... ... SAO-B
Special Analyses. ..... .................................. ... SA-1
Table of contents provided in Special Analyses section..
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
I Purpose Statement
P| The Environmental Protection Agency was established on December 2y
I I 1970, by Reorganization Plan Number 3 of 1970. This reorganization
provided for the consolidation of pollution control and abatement
0 activities which were previously organizationally assigned to several
Departments and Agencies, as follows:
r-» Department of the Interior
k •* - all functions carried out by the Federal Water Quality
Administration; and
,. I - certain pesticide research functions carried out by the
Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife.
I Dej)artweiitL ofHeaJ th, Educati on and Wei fare
~ all functions of the National Air Pollution Control Administration;
- all functions of the Bureau of Solid Waste Management;
- all functions of the Bureau of Water Hygiene;
- portions of the Bureau of Radiological Health; and
J - pesticides research and standards-setting programs of the Food
* * and Drug Administration.
| Department of Agriculture
- pesticides label registration authority of the Agriculture
I Research Service.
Atomic Energy Commission !
j - environmental radiation protection standard-setting function.
Council on[ Efiyironmental Quality
1 - authority to perform general ecological research.
| Federal Radiation Council
- all functions.
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/ The basic purpose for bringing these functions and responsibilities
together to form the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was to permit
an aggressive and coordinated attack on the problems of environmental
pollution. EPA is concerned with the environment as a single interrelated
system and is directing a coordinated research, monitoring, standard-
setting, and enforcement effort to restore and protect the quality of
the Nation's environment.
The Agency's budget proposals are presented under three appropriations
with the major activities under each as follows:
1. Operations, Research, and Facilities - This appropriation covers
the following activities to support a national program of environmental
protection and pollution abatement:
a. Abatementand control programs which provide for the
establishment of environmental standards, monitoring and surveillance
activities, planning and technical assistance support to State and local
agencies to improve environmental programs, and enforcement activities
to assure compliance.
b. Manpower development programs to increase the supply and
improve the performance of manpower required for environmental
protection agencies.
c. Research, development, and demonstration programs to
determine the caus.e-and-effect relationships of environmental pollutants
and to develop and demonstrate technological solutions for pollution
abatement and control problems.
d- Facilities programs to support the construction of new EPA
facilities and provide for the alterations, repairs, and improvements
of existing EPA facilities.
e. Program direction and support activities to provide both
centralized and regional leadership and administrative support for the
Agency's programs.
2. Construction Grants - This appropriation provides the grants
to local public agencies for the construction of municipal waste water
treatment facilities pursuant to Section 8 of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended.
3. Scientific Activities Overseas (Special Foreign Currency
Program) - This appropriation supports cooperative programs of research
and demonstration to find solutions to environmental problems which are
of interest to both the United States and a cooperating foreign agency
or country.
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Introduction/Overview
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EPA's programs are conducted in large measure by the operating
offices for water qualitys air pollution controls solid waste management,
pesticides, and radiation. These offices are in turn supported by
field groups located in the various States. One of the major organizational
activities during this year will be to bring these field activities together
along regional lines and to establish strong regional leadership.
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Summary of Budget Authority,
Permanent Positions, and Man-years
?§.
1970 1971 1972
Operati ons, Research, and
Faci1i tieT
Budget Authority.... $245,825,000 $297,279,000 $427,149,000
Permanent Positions. 5,244 7,014 8,65! *
Man-years . 4,248 5,662 6,839
Construction Grants
Budget Authority 800,000,000 1,000,000,000 2,000,000,000
Permanent Positions. ... ... ...
Man-years
Scientific Activities Overseas
Budget Authority....... 3,500,000 10,670,000
Permanent Positions.
Man-years ......
Revolving Fund
Budget Authority ... ...
Permanent Positions. 12 12 12
Man-years... .... 7 7 10
Advances and Reimbursements
Budget Authority....
Permanent Positions. 166 166 184
Man-years.... ... 161 161 181 -
Total., Environmental Protection
Agency -
Budget Authority..,. 1,045,825,000 1,300,779,000 2,437,819,000
Permanent Positions. 5,422 7,192 8,847
Man-years..... 4,416 5,830 7,030
y*
t, \;J
Ur I f
March 31, 1971
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Summary
Authorized Positions
Operations, Research* and Facilities,.
Revolving Fund
Advances and Reimbursements.
Total
1971
7,014
12
166
7,192
1972
12
184
-4'
Increase
1S637
18
8,847
1,655
March 31,- 1971
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Summary
Man-years
1971 1972 Increase
Qperationsj Research, and Facilities,.. 5,662 6,839 1,177
Revolving Fund.... , 7 10 3
Advances and Reimbursements 161 181 20
Total 5,830 7,030 1,200
March 31, 1971
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Summary of Available Funds
(in thousands of dollars)
1970 1971 1972
Operations, Research, and
FaciTities
Appropriation... ... $21,4001/
Budget estimate ... ... $427,149
Transferred from other /
agencies $203,984 247,756^
Proposed supplementals
Pay cost ... 4,510
Program.. ... 13,000*'
Not transferred from other
agencies. 41,841 14,428
Unobligated balances
available, start of year. 27,873 27,850 15,736
Unobligated balances
available, end of year... -27,850 -15,736 -15,186
Total available 245,848 313,208 427,699
Construction.. Granite
Budget estimate.... ... ... 2,000,000
Transferred from other
agencies 800,OVA. 1,000,000
Unobligated balance
available, start of year. 64,890 439,891 254,891
Unobligated balance
available, end of year... -439.891 -254,891 -349,891
Total available 424,999 1,185,000 1,905,000
Scientific Activities Overseas
(Special Foreign Currency Program)
Budget estimate. ... ... 10,670
Transferred from other
agencies................. ' ... 3,500 »..
Not transferred from other
agencies ,............ ^ 244 .,._._
Total available...... 244 3,500 10,670
Total available, Environmental
Protection Agency............ 671,091 19501S708 2,343,369
March 31, 1971
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Goal 1: Operations
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i I
Purpose
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Operations, Research , and Facilities
j Five major activities are supported under this appropriation.
They are as follows:
^
I 1. Abatement and control — Planning grants and control agency
support grants are awarded to States regional, and local agencies for
planning, establishing, and improving environmental quality programs.
""1 Monitoring and surveillance is performed to determine baseline quality
J conditions, pollution problems, and to evaluate the performance
of control devices. Criteria are recommended and standards are
- 1 established in cooperation with State and local agencies, and enforcement
I actions are instituted to assure compliance. Technical assistance is
provided to Federal agenciess States, interstate regions, local
communities, and industries as cooperative endeavors and also in
1 response to emergency situations.
I
2. Manpower development -- This activity is conducted to
} increase the supply and improve the performance of manpower required
for environmental protection activities. Training and fellowship
grants and other forms of assistance are awarded to educational
institutions, States, and individuals. In-house training programs
\ are conducted in field facilities for personnel of Federal, States
1 and local governments, and industry and educational institutions.
! 3. Research, development, and demonstration — Research and
j development activities deal with causes, sources, transport, fate,
and effects of pollutants in ecological systems; the development of
: monitoring technology; the determination of pollution exposure effects
on man and environment', and the development of the scientific basis
for criteria, standards, and regulations to protect man and his
environment from pollution. Research , development? and demonstration
activities are also conducted to develop and maintain current knowledge
of devices and technologies for the abatement and control of pollution.
Research, development, and demonstration activities are conducted
under grants, contracts 9 and other agreements involving universities,
industry j private firms, nonprofit organizations. State end local
governments, other Federal agencies, and through activities conducted
at EPA's laboratories and field locations.
4- Facilities — This activity provides for construction of
laboratory facilities and alterations, repairsa and improvements to
existing facilities.
ORF-1
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5. Program
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Operations, Research, and Facilities
Comparative Budget Authority by Activity and Subactivity - 1971
(in thousands of dollars)
Transferred
From Other
Agencies
Abatement and Control $1QO,885
Planning...,..........9,313 "
Monitoring and
surveillance.,.. 11,267.
Standards and
enforcement......... 14,929
Control agency support 40,433
Technical support 16,707
Federal activities.... 2,359
Construction grants
administration 5,877
Manpower Development 17,260
Research, Development,
ancT Demonstration 125,383
Pollution sources and
effects 51,934
Pollution control
technology 73,449
Facilities ._._._
Program Direction and
Support. 21,813
Total...,...,.. 265,341
Not
Transferred^/ SupplementalsS/ TotaJ
$5a454 $9,929 $116,268
666
1,674
1,862
• • »
1,129
123
9 V •
486
1,562
1,149
3,630
1,042
1,951
363
232
803
11,541
14,090
20,421
41,475
19,787
2,845
6,109
18.549
5,794
5.287 136,464
3,763
2,031
3,370
1,917
59,067
77,397
2,694
1,491
25,998
14,428
17,510 297,279
a/ $14,428,000, associated with the period July 1, » December 1, 1970, was
not shown as transferred in the President's Budget. The program
justification of this budget will reflect the 1971-1972 comparison on
a full-year comparable basis to simplify discussion of program objectives
b/ Includes $4,510 for pay cost requirements and $13,000 for proposed
legislation and to expand existing programs.'
Harch 31, 1971
ORF-3
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Operations, Research., and Facilities
Comparative Budget Authority by Activity and Subactivity - 1970
(in thousands of dollars)
Transferred
From Other Not
Agencies Transferred
Abatement and Control
PTanni ng
Monitoring and surveillance..
Standards and enforcement. . . .
Control agency support
Technical support.
Federal activities
Construction grants
administration
Manpower Development
Research, Development, and
Demonstration
Pollution sources and effects
Pollution control technology.
Faci 1 i ti es
Program Direction and Support
Total
.$73 ,-990
6,355
6,475
9,497
35S826
10,069
1,468
4,300
11,722
99,893
37,505
62,388
* • «
18,379
203,984
$17,362
1,989
6,023
5,567
3,498
285
1 ,877
16,507
7,478
9,029
B * •
6,095
41 .841
Total
$91 .352
8,344
12,498
15,064
35,826
13,567
1,753
4,300
13.599
116*400
44,983
71,417
* * *
24,474
245,825
March 31, 1971
ORF-4
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Operations9 Research, and Facilities
Summary of Budget Authority
Abatement and Control
Planning
Monitoring and surveillance..
Standards and enforcement. , . .
Control agency support. ......
Technical support
Federal acti vi ties
Construction grants
admini strati on. .............
Manpower Devel opment
Research, Development, and
Demonstration
Pollution sources and effects
Pollution control technology.
Facilities
Program Direction and Support
Total
1971
$116,268,000
11 ,541 ,000
14,090,000
20,421,000
41 ,475,000
19,787,000
2 ,845 ,000
6,109,000
18,549,000
136,464,000
59,067,000
77,397,000
* * m
25,998,000
297,279,000
1972
$181,465,000
24.584 000 1/"
17,699,000*^
40,757,000^
59,420,000'/x^
24,987 000 */
5,321 ,000 v^
8,697,000
18,981,000
164,039,000
71,616,000
92,423,000
28,000,000
34,664,000
427.149.000
Increase or
Decrease
$65,197,000
13,043,000
3,609,000
20,336,000
17,945,000
5 ,200 ,000
2 ,476 ,000
2,588,000
432,000
27,575,000
12,549,000
15,026,000
28,000,000
8,666,000
129.870.000
March 31, 1971
ORF-5
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Operations, Research, and Facilities
Summary of Permanent Positions
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Abatement and Control 3.786 4y67g 892
Planning.............. 297 422 125
Monitoring and surveillance 479 653 174
Standards and enforcement......... 1,340 1,730 390
Control agency support 61 72 11
Technical support 914 972 58
Federal activities 229 273 44
Construction grants administration 466 556 90
Manpower Development 193 226 33
Research, Development and
Demonstration 1,555 2.081 526
Pollution sources and effects 1,020 1,358 338
Pollution control technology 535 723 188
Facilities ._._. . .r. ._.'. .
Program Direction and Support 1,480 1,666 186
Total. 7,014 8,651 1,637
March 31, 1971 ORF-6
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Operations, Research» and Facilities
Summary of Man-years
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Abatement and Control
Planning.
Standards and enforcement. ........
Control agency support. ...........
Technical support,
Federal activities *
Construction grants administration
2,847
246
409
828
54
732
168
410
3*447
334
523
980
64
835
230
481
600 .
88
114
152
10
103
62
71
Manpower Development 172 20] 29_
Research, Development, and
Demonstration 1,355 1.768 413
Pollution sources and effects . 920 1,172 252
Pollution control technology.. 435 596 161
Facilities
Program Direction and Support
Total . . . . .
* * *
1,288
5.662
* • 9
1,423
6 ,839
A * '*
135
1J77
March 31, 1971 ORF-7
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Operations, Research, and Facilities
Summary of Available Funds
(in thousands of dollars)
1970 1971 1972
Appropriation , ... $21,400
Budget estimate ... .,. 427,149
Transferred from other agencies.. $203,984 247,756
Proposed supplemental
Pay cost
Program.
Not transferred from other
agencies.
Unobligated balances available,
start of year
Unobligated balances available,
end of year
Total available
41 ,841
27,873
-27,850
245 ,848
4,510
1 3 ,000
14,428
27,850
-15,736
313,208
15,736
-15,186
427 ,699
March 31, 1971 ORF"8
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Abatement and Control
Planning
(dollars in thousands)
Sol id Wastes
Water Quality. .......
Total
^Tanning grants
Solid Wastes
Water Quality
Planntng grants
administration. ....
Sol id Wastes
Water Quality......
Federal planning.....
Sol id Wastes
Water Qual i ty
Great Lakes planning,
Water Quality
Total
Estimated herei n.
Increase required for
January 1971 pay
raise —
Revised estimate. .......
1971
Pos.
40
257
297
* * *
a • •
* * *
(47)
29
18
(246)
11
235
(4)
297
Total
Amount
$2,957
8,584
11 ,541
($4,160)
2,090
2,070
(685)
385
300
(5,896)
482
5,414
(800)
11,541
$11,541
117
11,658
1972
Pos.
53
369
422
* • n
(66)
36
30
(352)
17
335
(4)
422
Total
Amount
$5,468
19,116
24,584
($7,915)
2,545-"
5,370
(1,274)
774-^
500
(14,568)
2,149
12,419
(827)
24,584
$24,584
'289
24,873
Increase
or Decrease
Pos.
+13
+112
+125
* * •
(+19)
+7
+12
(+106)
+6
+100
+125
Amount
+$2S511
+10,532
+13,043
(+$3,755)|
+455 I
+3,300 [,
(+589)1
+389 ;
+200
(+8,672)
+1,667
+7,005
(+27)
+13,043
+$13,043
+172
+13,215
Manpower Resources:
Man-years
246
354
+108
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Operations, Research,and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Planning
Purpose
EPA's planning programs include three general kinds of activities:
(1) financial assistance to regional, State, and local planning agencies;
(2) the administration of the grants used to provide this financial
assistance; and (3) direct performance of broad scope planning in
cooperation with States and other Federal agencies. These programs
enable accurate definition of pollution problems and development of
cost-effective systems and facilities for pollution control. They also
help ensure that control efforts within regions, States, and localities
are complementary and that they are capable of meeting applicable
pollution control criteria and standards.
The programs provide grant support for water pollution control and
solid waste management planning by non-Federal agencies. They also
support Federal interagency river basin studies, joint Federal-State
river basin studies, and a study to develop a national system for storage
and disposal of hazardous wastes. Compatibility between Federal and
non-Federal planning is maintained through Federal guidelines and technical
assistance and other cooperative relationships between EPA and States and
communities. (State, interstate, and local air pollution control planning
is carried out as a part of the activities supported under the program
">f grants to control agencies, described under the budget category
"Control Agency Support.")
The overall purpose of EPA's planning activities is to provide a
rational basis for the Nation's pollution control efforts and to ensure
that the substantial and increasing Federal investment in facilities
and control programs is applied effectively.
Budget Authority
PI anni ng grants .................
Planning grants administration.
Great Lakes planning .,
1971
$4,160,000
685,000
5,896,000
800,000
1972
$7,915,000
1,274,000
14,568,000
827,000
Increase or
Decrease
$33755,000
589,000
8,672*000
27,000
Total.................. 11.541.000 .24,584,000 13,043,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions...—. . 297 422 125
Man-years 246 334 88
AC 1-1
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Summary of Increases and Decreases
Planning grants $3.755,000
"! - Water quality management planning program: to extend
, j grant support for river basin, metropolitan, and
regional planning to 25 additional projects ...3,300,000
? "i
| - Solid waste management planning program: to expand
' * grant support for local and regional planning, begun
in 1971, to an additional five projects ,455,000
Planning grants administration \ ; ; $589,000
- Water quality management planning program: to provide
; the additional staff necessary to adequately administer
the expanded program .200,000
- Solid waste management planning program: to provide
the additional staff necessary to adequately administer
the expanded program .389,000
Federal planning t ; i $8.672,000
- Jnteragency water resources planning program: to
initiate two new river basin studies.... 405,000
- Joint Federal-State river basin planning program: to
support development of mathematical models of the 100
most critical and complex basins 4,550,000
- Direct assistance and review program: to increase aid
to State, regional, and metropolitan water quality
planning agencies to ensure effective plans and
conformance of construction grant applications with
those plans , 2,050,000
- The National Disposal Site Study required under the
Resource Recovery Act of 1970: to fully implement the
nine contracts and intramural activities initiated in
1971 1,667,000
} Great Lakes planning , $27,000
- Great Lakes basin planning and demonstration program:
to continue the broad-scale analytical study and
related demonstration projects initiated in 1971 27,000
AC 1-2
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Justification
Planning grants
1971
$4,160,000
1972
$7,915,000
Increase or
Decrease
$3,755,000
EPA administers two grant programs for the support of non-Federal
planning—one in the area of water pollution control and the other in
solid waste management. Eligible recipients under these programs are
officially designated State, interstate, regional, and local planning
agencies. Both programs emphasize the need for coordination of the
planning they support with land-use and other related ongoing planning.
EPA's regional staffs work closely with the grant recipients to assure
that the planning is of high quality, that it is directed toward prevailing
local, State, and Federal pollution criteria and standards, and that it
is consistent with related Federal planning.
An increase of $3,300,000 for the water quality management planning
program is requested to extend grant support for river basin, metropolitan,
and regional planning to additional areas. This increased planning
capability is needed in critical areas to assure that investment in
municipal sewage treat .ilities under the proposed $6 billion
Federal construction grants program is applied in a cost-effective manner.
Although water quality management planning is greatly needed for
timelys coordinated, and effective compliance with established water
quality standards, the rapid expansion of the construction grants
program has greatly increased the urgency of such planning in order to
protect this large Federal investment. Reflecting this urgency,
regulations published in July 1970, require such planning as a precondition
for the awarding of construction grants. Many areas will be unable to
meet this requirement without Federal planning grants.
During 1971 s 44 planning projects are being supported covering
about 15 percent of the Nation's population." The requested increase will
permit extending support to 69 projects in 1972, 25 more than in 1971,
covering about 18 percent of the population.
:|
An increase of $4555000 for the solid waste management planning
program is requested to expand the support for local and regional planning
which is being initiated in 1971. This will provide impetus for this new
activity to support meaningful planning close to the operating level of
solid wastes management.
The Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965 authorized grants to assist
State and interstate agencies in solid waste planning. In 1971, 51 State
and interstate projects are being supported and about the same number is
expected in 1972. About 26 State and interstate plans will be completed
in 1971 and 10 to 12 more in 1972. The Resource Recovery Act of 1970 added
authority to provide grants for local and regional planning. While the
AC 1-3
-------
State and interstate plans are quite general and broad in scope, local
and regional planning will be oriented to operations dealing directly
with the special solid waste problems of a particular locality and the
practical aspects (equipment, facilities, personnel, procedures, and
organization) of the solutions. Such planning is urgently needed to
build on the bases provided by the State and interstate plans and to
influence community solid waste handling practices directly.
During 1971 planning grants will be awarded («r readied for award)
for about 18 local and regional planning projects. These projects will
be continued in 1972 and about five new projects will be started with the
requested increase.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Planning grants administration $685,000 $1,274,000 $589,000
Administration of the previously described water quality management
and solid wastes management planning grant programs is provided through
regional and headquarters staffs. This administration includes
preapplication assist . " prospective applicant agencies, review of
applications to deterimrie the need *,r and the prospective quality of the
proposed projects, and, dun"no * .ration of projects, provision of guidance
and monitoring to ensure mair ,<*nance of high planning standards and
attainment of planning objectives.
An increase of $200,000 for the water quality management planning
program is requested to provide the additional staff necessary to
adequately administer the expanded program. This increase is necessary
not only to meet the needs of the increased grant work load but also to
upgrade assistance and surveillance for the total grant work load, thereby
ensuring higher quality plans that, in turn, will contribute to more
cost-effective construction grant projects.
An increase of $389,000 for the solid waste management planning
program is requested to provide the additional staff necessary to
adequately administer the expanded program. As in the case of the water
quality planning program, the increase is needed to increase the
administrative staff so as to be able to handle the increased planning grant
work load and to permit more effective administration of the total program
in order to improve the quality of the resulting plans. The increased
staffing for both this program and the water quality planning grants
program will be placed largely in EPA's regional offices where direct and
effective liaison with grantees and potential grantees can be maintained*
AC 1-4
-------
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Federal planning $5,896,000 $14,568,000 $886728OQO
EPA carries out several direct planning activities to support the
abatement and prevention of environmental pollution. These include
interagency water resource planning, joint Federal-State water pollution
control planning, review of construction grant applications for conformity
to approved plans, and conduct of a study to develop a plan for a system
of national disposal sites for hazardous wastes. This planning is carried
out through a combination of contract and intramural efforts, the latter
performed largely by EPA's regional offices.
An increase of $405,000 for the interagency water resources planning
program is requested to initiate two new river basin studies. This increase
is necessary to permit EPA to carry out fully its obligations as a member
of the Federal Water Resources Council.
EPA participates as a member of the Council, along with other
Federal agencies having water-related interests and responsibilities.
The Council, through its member agencies, conducts broad scale planning studies
of river basin areas deemed critical from a water resources viewpoint.
During 1971, 20 such studies are under way. In 1972, two new ones are
to be initiated with EPA support and it is for this purpose that the
increase of $405,000 is requested, $229,000 of which will go to other
Federal agencies participating in the studies.
For the joint Federal-State river basin planning program, an
increase of $4,550,000 is requested to support development of mathematical
models of 100 most critical and complex basins. This increase is required
to provide a sounder basis for water pollution control planning which,
in turn, will provide a sounder basis for the investment in municipal
waste water treatment systems and facilities under the proposed $6 billion,,
three-year construction grants program.
Adequate analytical tools are generally lacking in State, regional,
and local water pollution control planning. Mathematical models will
permit planners to determine in advance4the pollution abatement effectiveness
and the costs of alternative courses of control action. Planning based on
such models will result in more cost-effective control and abatement
programs. The cumulative effect of better planning in the 100 most
critical and complex basins, therefore, should be a better return on
Federals State, and local dollars invested in water pollution abatement
and control.
An increase of $2S050S000 for the direct assistance and review
program is requested to increase aid to States regional, and metropolitan
water quality planning agencies to ensure effective plans and conformance
of construction grant applications with those plans. This increase is
needed to provide the additional staff to work directly with the non-Federal
AC 1-5
-------
water quality planning agencies to help them develop high quality
plans3 to review those plans, and to review construction grant
applications for conformity to the plans.
To a large degree, the cost-effectiveness of the waste treatment
facilities constructed with Federal grant support will depend on
sound planning. Thus, every reasonable effort to improve the quality of
that planning and to relate the planning to construction grant projects
should be warranted.
An increase of $156673000 for the National Disposal Site Study is
required under the Resource Recovery Act of 1970 to fully implement the
nine contracts and intramural activities initiated in 1971. This increase
is needed to permit completion of the required study by the November
1972 due date.
The Study is to result in a report and plan for creating a system
of national disposal sites for the storage and disposal of hazardous
wastes, including radiological, toxic chemical, biological, and other
materials. It is being carried out primarily by contract, augmented with
interagency agreements and a small intramural effort.
Development and initiation of nine contracts is being carried out
in 1971. The requested increase will enable full-year operation of the
contracts and the support of additional staff needed to coordinate and
monitor the program and prepare the required report and plan.
•Great Lakes
planning
1971
$800,000
1972
$827,000
Increase or
Decrease
$.27,000
The Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970 authorized a planning
and demonstration program for pollution control in the Great Lakes. In
1971 an intramural analytical study is identifying and describing critical
problems, and, on this basis, contracts are being awarded to State and
other public agencies in the Great Lakes area to develop pollution control
plans and to demonstrate new methods and techniques for pollution control--
focusing on a number of the most critical problems. These projects will
be carried at the same level of funding in 1972, The small increase
requested is to cover mandatory costs associated with salaries and related
expenses.
AC 1-6
-------
Abatement and Control
Monitoring and Surveillance
(dollars in thousands)
1971 Total
Ai r Pol 1 uti on
Pesticides. .........
Radiation
Solid Wastes
Water Quality
Total
Pos.
85
72
140
3
179
479
Amount
$3,486
4,129
2,547
115
3,813
14,090
1972 Total
Pos.
149
103
152
3
246
653
Amount
4*861
2,840
415
5,321
17,699
Increase or
Decrease
Pos.
x+64
+31
+12
• * *
+67
+174
Amount
•* +$776
+732
+293
+300
+1 ,508
+3,609
Environmental
quality monitoring.
Air Pollution.....
Pesticides.
Radiati on
Water Qual ity
Pollution source
inventories and
survei 1 1 ance
Air Pollution
Solid Wastes. .....
Water Quality
Community water
supply inventories
- Water Quality
Total
(377)
75
72
140
90
(94)
10
3
81
(8)
479
($11,199)
2,379
4,129
2,547
2,144
(2,732)
1,107
115
1,510
(159)
14,090
(500)
135
103
152
110
(137)
14
3
120
(16)
653
($12,756)
2,657
4,861
2,840
2,398
(4,555)
1 ,605
415
2,535
(388)
17,699
(123)
60
31
12
20
(43)
4
"39
(8)
174
($1 ,557)
278
732
293
254
(1,823)
498
300
1,025
(229)
3,609
Estimate herein......
Required for January
pay raise
'Total
1971
$14,090
195
14,285
,
$17,699
508
18,207
$3,609
313
3,922
Manpower Resources:
Man-years
409
555
+146
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Monitoring and Surveillance
Purpose
The Agency's monitoring, inventory.and surveillance programs involve
the collection of environmental quality data and information on sources
of pollution. These efforts directly support the other environmental
protection programs carried out by EPA and by State and local pollution
control agencies. The information and data collected are utilized in the
development of environmental protection criteria and standards, for
determining compliance with standards, and for initiation of necessary
abatement measures. These data are also used to formulate effective
pollution control plans and to formulate and manage EPA's pollution control
programs. The programs also provide an early warning system by which
emerging environmental hazards can be identified so that effective control
programs can be designed to deal with them.
The programs cover the monitoring of ambient air quality, water
quality, pesticides, and radiological materials. They also cover the
surveillance of motor vehicle emission and the collection of information
on municipal and industrial waste water sources and solid waste systems.
For the most part, these efforts are carried out in conjunction with
similar programs operated by State, local,and other Federal agencies.
A guiding principal is to support and complement the efforts of these
other agencies. The general pattern, particularly in the monitoring of
air and water quality, is for EPA to provide overall national direction
of the surveillance system, operate its key stations or elements and
provide support and assistance through laboratory services, introduction
of new monitoring and analytical technology3 and the maintenance of a
central capability for storage, evaluation, interpretation,and dissemination
of data. The overall purpose of EPA is to encourage and support the
creation and operation of integrated Federal-State-local monitoring,
inventory, and surveillance systems.
' Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Environmental quality
monitoring. .,......». $11,199,000 $12,756,000 $1,557,000
Pollution source inventories
and surveillance.. 2,732S000 4,555,000 1,823,000
Water supply studies
and inventories.. ...... 159,000 388,000 229,000
Total....... 14,090,000 17,699,000 3,609,000
AC 2-1
-------
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions ..... ... 479 653 174
Man-years ........ . ---- . ---- 409 523 114
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Environmental quality monitoring _ $1 .557.000
- Air quality monitoring program: to continue
expanded operation of the network begun in
1971 ..... . ..... . ....... ... ....... .... ....... .... .......... 278,000
- Water quality monitoring program: to increase
the sampling frequency and parameter coverage
of the existing 875-station network ---- . . . , ---- , .......... 254,000
- Radiological monitoring program: to initiate
the monitoring of krypton-85 and tritium and to
otherwi se improve the program. ... ....... ,, . . , .............. 293 ,000
- Pesticide monitoring program: to cover special
studies of new problem areas and additional
chemicals ..... , ......... ...... .......... »...., .......... ... .280,000
- Pesticide community studies program: to expand
special epidemiological studies and to improve
data processing and analyses.
Pollution source inventories and surveillance
452,000
$1,823,000
Municipal-industrial waste inventory program:
to continue the industrial waste inventory
initiated in 1971, to expand this inventory
to include data collected from an estimated
40,000 facilities covered by the Corps of
Engineers waste discharge permit program, and
to continue improvements initiated in 1971
in the municipal waste inventory. .800,000
Water quality and inventory data storage
and retrieval system (STORE!): to add six
teleprocessing units and initiate other
operational improvements.. .....,....'...„..; ,.. .225,000
Solid waste data program: to continue and
expand this program which was successful
as tested at pilot-scale in 1971 ..................,,..300,000
AC 2-2
-------
- Motor vehicle surveillance program: to expand
its coverage of 1972-model vehicles 498,000
Community water supply inventories $229,000
.
- Community water supply inventory program:
to evaluate the water supply programs of
an additional 10 States and to update
the 1963 inventory of community water
supp 1 ies , 229,000
AC 2-3
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Environmental quality
monitoring $11.199.000 $12.756.000 $1.557.OOP
EPA currently operates four enviornmental quality monitoring
programs—covering air quality, water quality, pesticide, and
radiological monitoring. Each of these programs includes a network of
monitoring stations strategically located throughout the Nation at which
samples are collected for subsequent analyses (except in the case of
automated stations where analyses are an integrated part of sample
collection). These networks are supported by laboratory units to perform
sample analyses and by computerized data storage and retrieval systems
to handle the data developed. The data developed by these programs are
utilized in the development of environmental criteria and standards, for
the identification of needed abatement actions, for planning, and for
other purposes. These data are also made available to State and local
pollution control agencies and other Federal agencies to be utilized for
similar purposes.
Additionally, EPA operates a community studies program to collect
epidemiological information on the effects of pesticides on the health
of man. Although fixed-station monitoring networks are not used, these
studies are similar to the above programs in that they develop data on
the environmental levels of pesticides.
An increase of $278,000 for the air quality monitoring program is
requested to continue operation of the 1971 improvements of the
monitoring network. These improvements are required to effectively
monitor compliance with the national ambient air quality standards being
set pursuant to the Clean Air Amendments of 1970 and to support timely
enforcement actions where noncompliance is detected. The increase will
support the additional personnel added in 1971 to effect these
improvements.
The air quality monitoring program currently operates 300 Federal
monitoring stations. These stations are complemented by 2,000 State
and local stations to form an integrated Federal-State-!oca! system which
presently covers approximately 40 percent of the Nation's urban
population. In addition to the operation of these stations, the program
supports the State and local programs by verifying sampling results,
calibrating instrumentation to ensure consistent results, and monitoring
pollutants for which the State and local agencies have no monitoring or
analytical capability. The program also provides for the centralized
storage and processing of all Federal, State5and local data in the
National Aerometric Data Information Service, a computerized data storage,
computation, and retrieval system.
AC 2-4
-------
In 1971, 60 of the 300 Federal air quality stations are being fully
equipped for suspended particulate and gas monitoring. During 1972,
these improved stations will be brought into operation and their frequency
of sampling will be increased from once every two weeks to once a week.
The increase requested is to provide the additional staff to effect these
plans.
An increase of $254,000 for the water quality monitoring program is
requested to support additional positions to increase the sampling
frequency and parameter coverage of the existing 875-station water quality
monitoring network. These improvements are required to more effectively
monitor compliance with established Federal-State water quality standards
and to indicate the need for enforcement actions where noncompliance is
detected.
The water quality monitoring program currently operates 420 monitoring
stations and supports3 through reimbursements, the operation of an
additional 455 stations by the Geological Survey. As with the air quality
monitoring network, these Federal stations are complemented by State
monitoring stations to form integrated regional water quality monitoring
networks. Also, in addition to the operation of monitoring stations, the
water quality monitoring program supplements and supports State efforts
by introducing new technology, providing verification of data and
analytical quality control, and monitoring pollutants outside of State
capability. The program further provides for the storage and retrieval of
both Federal and State data in a computerized data system called STORET.
In 1971, the water quality monitoring network is being somewhat
improved to provide increased sampling frequency and pollutant coverage.
Also, planning for future expansion of both the Federal and State portions
of the network is under way. During 1972, these improvements and planning
efforts will be continued. The increase requested is for this continuation
effort.
An increase of $293,000 for the radiological monitoring program is
requested to support additional personnel and equipment purchases to improve
the effectiveness of the program in detecting the sources of radioactive
materials found in the environment and to initiate the monitoring of
krypton-85 and tritium. The operational improvements are needed to better
assess the adequacy of radiological protection practiced by nuclear
facilities and operations. The initiation of krypton-85 and tritium
monitoring is required to provide surveillance of these radionuclides which
are being increasingly produced by the nuclear power and nuclear fuel
reprocessing industries.
AC 2-5
-------
The radiological monitoring program operates sampling networks to
measure radiological levels in air, water, milk, and total human diet.
The data collected are employed for the development of radiation protection
guidelines, policies, and standards; for assessing compliance with
guidelines and standards and identifying needed abatement actions; and for
measuring the effectiveness of radiation control programs and identifying
problems needing special study or research. The program is currently
being redirected to provide better information on the sources of
racl 1 onuelides measured in the environment. During 1972, this redirection
will be continued and the monitoring of krypton-85 and tritium will be
initiated. The requested increase is to support these activities,
An increase of $280,000 for the pesticide monitoring program is
requested to support special intensive studies on the movement and fate
of certain pesticides, particularly 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T,and piclorum, and of
certain other contaminants, particularly mercury, cadmium,and other heavy
metals. These studies are to complement current and continuing
monitoring to provide scientific data necessary for the adequate evaluation
of label registration applications and residue tolerance petitions. They
are also needed to provide basic information with which to assess critical
pesticide pollution problems and to offer technical assistance to State
and other agencies. The increase will support additional field and
laboratory personnel to conduct the planned studies.
Under the pesticide monitoring program, pesticide residues are sampled
in soils, in land run-off waters and sediments,and in crops. Cropland
sampling is being done in 43 States and noncropland sampling is being
accomplished in 10 States. Sampling in 20 cities is also included in this
network monitoring. Special studies of pesticide pollution problems and
accidents are also conducted. These include investigations of the movement
and fate of pesticides, and the residues of mercury and other heavy metals
used in chemicals for pest control, and ecological effect studies. The
purpose of both the network monitoring and special studies is to assess the
amounts and types of pesticide residues in the environment.
In 1971, network monitoring is being carried out in the number of States
and cities cited above and special studies are being conducted in corn
growing areas, cattle feedlots, commercial catfish farms, and peanut,
vegetable, and fruit growing areas. Mercuric, arsenic»and herbicide residue
situations are also being closely studied. In 1972, it is planned to
continue the network monitoring and to continue and expand the special
studies. The requested increase is to support the expanded special studies.
An increase of $452,000 for the pesticide community studies is
requested to expand specialized epidemiological studies of the effects of
pesticides on human health and to improve data processing and analyses.
This work is needed to enable review of applications for label registration,
and petitions for residue tolerances, to provide better guidance and
assistance in the control of pesticide usage,and to better assess current
and future pesticide pollution problems. The increase will support
additional personnel and contracts necessary to carry out this expanded work.
AC 2-6
-------
The community studies program produces epidemiological information
on the effects of environmental levels of pesticides on human health.
Both long-and short-term clinical and subclinical studies are conducted.
These include the collection and analysis of samples of human tissues
from cooperating hospitals, other pathological studies and various
epidemiological studies designed to trace either acute or chronic effects
of pesticides on certain occupational groups as well as the 9eneral
population. The results of these studies provide the scientific basis for
establishing pesticide residue tolerances for foods, allowable uses of various
pesticides and the levels of pesticides that can be safely allowed in the
environment.
Currently, the community studies program is being conducted primarily
through contracts with 14 universities and State health departments.
Additional intramural work is being carried out to supplement the contract
work. In 19729 it is planned to continue and expand the current program to
undertake several important specialized studies in mutagenicity, sputum
cytology, and retrospective morbidity and mortality--areas where scientific
information for adequately assessing the health effects of pesticide
exposure is particularly insufficient. The requested increase is to support
these lines of investigation.
Pollution source inventories
and surveillance
1971
$2,732,000
1972
$4,555,000
Increase or
Decrease
$1,823,000
EPA's pollution source inventories and surveillance program has four
major parts: a municipal waste inventory and an industrial waste inventory,
both pertaining to sources of waste water discharges, a solid waste data
program and a motor vehicle surveillance program. All four activities are
directed toward collecting information and data on sources of pollution
and their discharges into or impact on the environment. This information
is used for evaluating pollution problems and pollution control needs, for
assessing pollution control practices and compliance with established
control regulations or standards»and for planning pollution control programs
and estimating pollution abatement costs. Each of these activities also
serves one or more special purposes.
An increase of $800,000 for the municipal and industrial waste
inventories is requested to continue the industrial waste inventory
initiated in 1971, to expand this inventory to include data derived from
the Corps of Engineers' waste discharge permit program, and to continue
and improve the municipal waste inventory. This work is needed to provide
the detailed information about municipal and industrial waste water
sources necessary to carry out viable water quality management planning
and to adequately evaluate applications for grants for the construction of
municipal waste treatment facilities pursuant to current regulations
requiring region-wide planning. The increase is to support additional
personnel and data processing costs.
AC 2-7
-------
The municipal waste inventory contains statistics on 20,000 municipal
waste treatment plants. These.statistics include the location, size and
design characteristics of each facilitys the quantity and character of the
waste effluents discharged, and the abatement requirements and compliance
schedules imposed by water quality standards implementation plans pending
enforcement actions and other regulations. In short, the inventory
provides a concise but comprehensive characterization of the nation's
municipal waste treatment systems. The inventory is periodically updated
with information collected from the State water pollution control agencies.
However, in 1971, to provide for a more current inventory of informations
a continuous updating procedure is being initiated. Data from the
construction grants program, from water quality standards and enforcement
activities, and from other sources are added to the inventory as it becomes
available. This continuous updating procedure will be continued and
improved in 1972.
The industrial waste inventory is being initiated in 1971. Heretofores
there has been no complete or comprehensive inventory of the Nation's
industrial waste water sources and this has inhibited an accurate assessment
of industrial waste pollution problems, comprehensive water quality
management planningsand Federal and State regulatory activities. The
inventory will contain information on the size and type of the industrial
plants and their pollution control facilities, on the quantity and quality
of their waste discharges, and on abatement needs and pending abatement
requirements and schedules. Data are beinn collected in two ways: through
questionnaires mailed to individual manufacturing plants and, eventually,
through information received in applications for permits under the Corps
of Engineers waste discharge permit program. In 1971, 10,000 questionnaires
are being mailed, and the processing of these and the start-up of the permit
system are being initiated. In 1972, the processing of questionnaires will
be continued and the processing of information from an estimated 40,000
applications received under the waste discharge permit program will be
initiated.
For the water quality and inventory data storage and retrieval system
(STORET), an increase of $225,000 is requested to provide system
improvements enabling the processing of increased data from the expanded
inventory and water quality monitoring programs arid to add teleprocessing
units in six State water pollution control agencies. These improvements
are needed to better utilize the inventory and water quality data being
collected. Additional personnel and equipment costs would be covered by
the requested increase.
The STORET system consists of a central computer and computer
programming and operation capability located in Washington, D.C., to which
39 field offices (including EPA's regional 'offices and several State water
pollution control agencies) are connected by teleprocessing units. These
units provide the field offices with full access to and utilization of the
central computer for the storage and retrieval of inventory and monitoring
data and for the performance of various computations to facilitate analyses
of these data, in 1971, the system is being improved and expanded to handle
AC 2-8
-------
the additional industrial waste inventory data and the increased flow of
data from the municipal waste inventory and water quality monitoring
programs. In 1972, this improvement and expansion effort will be continued,
principally to provide the additional capability of processing the
industrial waste inventory information from the estimated 40,000 waste
discharge permit applications. A part of this improvement will involve the
completion of coding of additional hydrologic maps* Such coding is
necessary to reference the location of waste sources and monitoring stations
to facilitate the storage and retrieval of data. Also, teleprocessing units
will be added for an additional six State water pollution control agencies.
An increase of $300,000 for the solid waste data program is requested
to continue and expand a data collection network initiated in 1971 and
successfully tested at pilot scale. This expansion is required to assemble
information not heretofore collected on community solid waste handling
programs, facilities, and practices so that national assessments and
estimates can be made and basic data can be obtained to improve technical
assistance to State and local agencies. The increase will support contracts
to carry out this expanded program.
The program collects basic information on the composition of municipal
solid wastes, on collection and disposal methods, on capital and operating
costs, and on other features of solid waste management in communities.
This information is providing for the first time an accurate characterization
of community solid waste handling programs and a data base to share with
State and local agencies. The program was initiated in early 1971 as a pilot
program collecting data in three Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
(SMSA's). This pilot program has been carefully evaluated and found
successful. In 1972, it is planned to continue the effort in the three
SMSA's and to extend it to nine more SMSA's, for a total of 12.
An increase of $498,000 for the motor vehicle surveillance program is
requested to continue the program and expand ft to include coverage of 1972-
model-year vehicles. This expanded activity is needed to monitor the
emission control performance of in-use vehicles so that nonconformance with
Federal emission standards can be detected and appropriate action initiated
to require the manufacturer to correct the deficiency pursuant to new
authority under Section 207 of the Clean Air Amendments of 1970.
The program supplements the testing of new vehicles (both prototype
and production-line testing) by monitoring the performance of emission
controls of in-use vehicles for determination of conformance with Federal
standards. Detection of noncompliance in a class or model of vehicles can
be used to require the manufacturer to correct the deficiency through recall
or other procedures, Currently, light duty vehicles of model years 1968
through 1971 are being monitored in six metropolitan areas and gasoline and
diesel powered heavy duty vehicles are being tested in two cities. It is
planned in 1972 to continue these surveillance programs and expand their
coverage to include 1972-model vehicles.
AC 2-9
-------
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Water supply studies and
inventories ; $159,000 $388.000 $229.000
An increase of $229,000 is requested for this program to evaluate
the water supply programs of an additional 10 States and to initiate
an inventory of community water supplies. This work is of vital
importance to the protection of the public health as shown by the
deficiencies found in the Nation's water supply systems in the Community
Water Supply Study recently completed and published. The increase will
support additional personnel and contract costs to carry out this planned
work.
The community water supply inventory program is directed toward
determining the adequacy of the Nation's water supply system through
maintenance of an inventory of community water supplies, and toward
evaluating individual State water supply programs. In 1971, the Community
Water Supply Study was completed. This study covered facilities in eight
metropolitan areas and in the State of Vermont. The study evaluated the
degree to which a representative sampling of water supplies throughout the
Nation met the provisions of Federal drinking water standards. It revealed
major deficiencies in community drinking water supplies, particularly in
the areas of plant facilities, operator training and State inspection and
technical assistance programs. The study has increased State concern as
to the adequacy of their water supplies and has led to requests from a
number of States for in-depth evaluations of their respective programs. As
a result, evaluations of the programs of Vermont, Tennessee, Maryland, and
New Mexico are currently under way or have been completed.
In 1972, evaluations of the water supply programs of an additional 10
States will be conducted. Additionally,, it is planned to initiate an
inventory of community water supplies, last done in 1963. This inventory
will provide accurate, detailed information on the number and characteristics
of community water supplies throughout the Nation and will permit
extrapolation of the statistical sampling information obtained through the
Community Water Supply Study referred to above.
AC 2-10
-------
Abatement and Control
Standards and Enforcement
(dollars in thousands)
Air Pollution......
Pesticides
Radiation.
Solid Wastes. . .
Water Quality
Total
Environmental
standards
Air Pollution. . . .
Radiation
Water Quality. .. .
Pollution source
standards
Air Pollution. .. .
Pesticides .......
Solid Wastes
Water Quality. . . .
Compliance and
envorcement.
Air Pollution. . . .
Pesticides .......
Water Quality
Total
Estimate herein....
Requirement for
January 1971 pay
Total
1971
Pos.
149
- 329
14
16
832
1 ,340
(65)
28
14
za
(666)
27
223
16
400
(609)
94
106
409
1,340
raise. ..
Total
Amount
$5
5
8
20
($2
1
(6
4
1
(11
3
1
6
20
$20
20
,871
,983
300
155
,112
,421
,479)
,655
300
524
,276)
990
,131
155
,000
,666)
,226
,852
,588
,421
,421
352
,773
1972
Pos.
250
433
20
21
1,006
1,730
(132)
28
20
84
(835),
89
277
21
448
(763)
133
156
474
1,730
Total
Amount
$11
7
20
40
($5
1
3
(15
4
4
6
(19
5
2
11
40
$40
1
,667
,608
802
390
,290
,757
,356)
,530
802
,024
,838)
,420
,878
390
,150
,563)
,717
,730
,116
,757
,757
,285
Increase or
Decrease
Pos.
+101 *
+104
+6
+5
+174
+390
Amount
+$5,796
+1,625 .
+502 .
+235
+12,178 '
+20,336 !
— i ,i i
f
£
&
(+67) (+$2, 877) I.
-125
+6 +502 !
+61 +2,500
(+169) (+9,562)
+62 +3,430
+54 +747
+5 +235
+48 +5,150
(+154) (+7,897)
+39 +2,491
+50 +878
+65 +4,528
+390
42,042
+20,336
+$20,336
+933
+21,269
Manpower Resources:
Man-years........
828
1,397
+569
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Standards and Enforcement
PujrpjDse
Regulatory controls—the development of criteria and standards for
the protection of the environment, the use of permits and premarket
product registration, and related enforcement activities—lay at the
center of EPA's program. EPA currently sets national criteria and
standards for the protection of the ambient environment which include
ambient air quality standards, water quality standards, radiation
protection guidelines and standards, and standards for the protection
of public drinking water supplies. Pollution from specific sources
or classes of source are regulated by setting emission standards for
both mobile and stationary sources of air pollutants, the review of
permits issued by the Corps of Engineers for controlling discharges
into navigable waters, the development of guidelines covering solid
waste management practices, and registration of pesticide-product labels
and fuel additives to regulate the sale of these products.
EPA's direct enforcement activities involve surveillance and
inspection to determine compliance with standards, collection of
evidential data, and the conduct of enforcement proceedings. Enforcement
actions are directed toward air pollution from mobile and stationary
sources, abatement of air and water pollution under the conference
procedure and through direct legal actions, the post-market regulation
of pesticides and fuel additives, and the certification of public drinking
water supplies.
Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Environmental standards $2,479,000 $5,356,000 $2,877,000
Pollution source standards.. 6,276,000 15,838,000 9,562,000
Compliance and enforcement.. 11,666,000 19,563,000 7,897,000
Total 20,421,000 40,757,000' 20.336,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions......... 1,340 1,730 390
Man-years 828 980 152
AC 3-1
-------
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Environmental standards $2,877,000
- Air program: a decrease resulting from
nonrecurring contract costs associated with
the development of national ambient air quality
standards , -125,000
- Water program: to establish standards for
ground waters and intrastate navigable waters
and to participate in the International Field
Year on the Great Lakes , 2,500,000
- Radiation program: to continue and complete a
review of existing Radiation Protection Guidelines
and to develop additional or revised radiation
standards for specific problems 502,OOQ.
Pollution source standards $9,562,0(jf
- Air program: to establish performance standards
for new stationary sources, hazardous emission
standards, motor vehicle and aircraft emission
standards, and to register motor vehicle fuel
additives , 3,430,000
- Water program: to fully implement the waste
discharge permit program . 4,700,000
- Water program: to initiate an ocean disposal
control program 450,000
- Solid waste program: to expand the development
of solid waste management guidelines... 235,000
- Pesticides program: to reduce the backlog and
expedite the handling of applications for pesticide-
label registration ..., .... .. 747,000
Compliance and enforcement $7.897,000
- Air program: to develop procedures and regulations
for production-line testing of motor vehicles 2,491,000
- Water program: to expand investigations and abatement
actions against sources of mercury and other heavy
metals, to initiate investigations of polluted shellfish
areas, and to provide field equipment for an enforcement
field investigation team 4,424,000
AC 3-2
-------
Water program: to increase the annual number
of Federal-State surveys of drinking water supplies... 104,000
Pesticides program: to increase the surveillance
of registered pesticide products .... .......... 878,000
AC 3-3
-------
Justification
Environmental standards
1971
$2,479,000
1972
$5,356,000
Increase or
Decrease
$2,877,000
EPA is responsible for the establishment of certain standards and
guidelines for protection of the environment. These include national
ambient air quality standards, water quality standards for interstate '
waters, and radiation protection policies, guidelines and standards. In
addition, legislation has been proposed to enable the establishment of
water quality standards for ground waters, navigable waters,and the
coastal waters of the contiguous zone of the United States. These
standards establish limits for the levels of specific pollutants or
classes of pollutants that may be allowed to occur in the environment.
Accordingly, they differ from effluent, emission, or other pollution-
source standards which establish limits on the discharges of pollutants
into the environment. The establishment of environmental standards
involves the review of available research and other technical information
relative to health, economic, and other effects of various pollutants;
the determination of allowable levels; and the promulgation of specific
enforceable standards.
For the activities related to the establishment of national ambient
air quality standards, a decrease of $125,000 is planned for 1972. This
decrease results from nonrecurring contract costs incurred in 1971.
The Clean Air Amendments of 1970 require that EPA establish primary
and secondary national ambient air quality standards for individual air
pollutants which adversely affect public health and welfare and which
result from emissions from numerous and diverse mobile and stationary
sources. The primary standards are for the protection of public health,
whereas the secondary standards are for the protection against adverse
effects on vegetation, animals, materials, weather, visibility, and
personal comfort and well-being. Following promulgation of the standards,
the States are required to develop and submit for Federal approval
implementation plans to obtain compliance with the primary standards within
three years after Federal approval and compliance with the secondary
standards within a reasonable period after Federal approval. Where the
States fail to submit such plans or fail to submit approvable plans, EPA
is required to develop and promulgate such plans or appropriate portions
thereof.
The Amendments set forth specific requirements and deadlines for
establishing the national ambient air quality standards. Precedent to the
promulgation of a standard, EPA must issue and publish air quality criteria
which support the standards by delineating the latest scientific knowledge
about the effects of the given air pollutant on public health and welfare
and by providing related information pertaining to atmospheric effects and
other factors which influence the effects of the pollutant on man and the
environment. Additionally, EPA must issue and publish information on
AC 3-4
-------
available air pollution control techniques and their costs to further
support the standards to be established. Following these two steps
for each standard, EPA is thus enabled to promulgate the standard.
Periodic revision and updating of standards must follow the same pattern.
The Amendments require that standards be promulgated by April
1971 for those five pollutants—sulfur oxides, particulate matter,
carbon monoxide, photochemical oxidants, and hydrocarbons—for which
air quality criteria and control technique documents had been issued
prior to enactment of the Amendments. For other pollutants, the
Amendments require that the air quality criteria and control techniques
documents be issued in conjunction with the publication of proposed standards.
Primary and secondary standards are being proposed for the five
aforementioned pollutants plus nitrogen oxides. Also, the air quality
criteria and control techniques document for nitrogen oxides is being
issued in conjunction with this action. The promulgation of these
standards will be completed in April 1971, to meet the statutory deadline.
It is currently planned that these standards will comprise the national
ambient air quality standards, and that the control of other air pollutants
will be achieved through the establishment and implementation of performance
standards for new stationary sources, hazardous emission standards, mobile
source emission standards, and fuel additive regulations.
During the remainder of 1971 and during 1972, attention will be
devoted to the revision and updating of criteria, control technique documents,
and standards as necessitated by new scientific knowledge and new
information. Particular attention will be given to assessing the type
of standards appropriate for short-term exposures to air pollutants to
determine needed revision of the established standards in this regard.
An increase of $2,500,000 is requested for the establishment of
water quality standards for ground water and iptrastate navigable waters
pursuant to the Administration's proposed legislation (S. 1013) to amend
Section 10 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended. Existing
provisions of the Act enable the establishment of standards for only
interstate waters; the proposed legislation seeks to extend the authority to
the waters mentioned. Also included in this requested increase is an amount
of $300,000 to enable participation with other Federal agencies and the
Canadian government in the International Field Year on the Great Lakes.
This effort will comprise a comprehensive study of Lake Ontario resulting in
a detailed description of the water quality of the Lake which can be used to
assess the adequacy of and initiate the necessary revision of existing water
quality standards for this body of water.
Under existing legislation, water quality standards are being established
for the interstate and coastal waters 9f the 50 States, Puerto Rico, Virgin
Islands, District of Columbia, and Guam. These jurisdictions have developed
and adopted standards and submitted them for EPA approval—thus establishing
Federal-State standards. For a few waters or pollutants, where the States
have failed to adopt approvable standards and it has not been possible to
secure the adoption of such standards through mutual discussions, EPA has used
its authority to promulgate Federal standards. Pursuant to the definitions
of the Acts the standards consist of a designation of water uses, a
AC 3-5
-------
prescription of water quality criteria to protect these uses, and an
implementation plan delineating abatement requirements, abatement
schedules, and other actions that the States will use to bring about
compliance with the standards.
During 1971, the establishment of interstate standards is being
completed. All of the States and jurisdictions have adopted and
submitted standards and these have been either fully or partially approved
as Federal standards. The principal activity during this year is
negotiating with those States for which only partial approval of their
standards have been given—these negotiations to resolve outstanding issues
preventing full approval. Additionally, the monitoring of progress and
compliance with the implementation plans of the standards is being carried
out and the upgrading and revision of standards is being achieved where
this is found necessary by virtue of new scientific knowledge on water
quality requirements, changed water use patterns, changed waste discharge
patterns, or other appropriate reasons:
During 1972, the monitoring and necessary upgrading of established
standards for interstate waters will be continued. In addition, the
establishment of standards for intrastate navigable waters and ground
waters will be initiated if the proposed enabling legislation is enacted.
This work will involve the development and promulgation of regulations on
water use designations, water quality requirements and other features of
acceptable standards, the provision of advice and assistance to the States
in their development and adoption of standards, the review of standards,
submitted by the States, and the development and promulgation of Federal
standards where necessitated by inadequate State actions. Relative to the
International Field Year on the Great Lakes, extensive water quality
sampling and related field work will be carried out on Lake Ontario to
provide a complete and detailed description of the quality of the Lake.
An increase of $502,000 is requested (1) to continue the support of
a comprehensive review of the adequacy of existing radiation protection
guidelines heretofore issued by the Federal Radiation Council (FRC), and
(2) to develop additional or revised radiation standards for specific
problems such as the protection of uranium miners. This work is essential
to keep pace with the growing nuclear industry.
EPA has two responsibilities relative to the establishment of
radiation standards and guidelines for protection of the environment. The
first of these, formerly exercised by FRC, is the formulation of basic
Federal policy on radiation protection and the issuance of radiation
protection guidelines to be used by all Federal agencies concerned with
radiation control. Guidelines covering total human exposure to
radionuclides and exposure to specific radionuclides—iodine-131,
strontium-89, strontium-90, and radium-226—were set by FRC and are
currently applicable. These guidelines, however, are far from being
comprehensive in their coverage of specific radionuclide or their coverage
of specific radiation-protection situations. Furthermore, they require
AC 3-6
-------
re-evaluation in light of the growing nuclear industry and the growing
public concern about potential radiation hazards associated with this
industry's expansion. The second responsibility, formerly that of the
Atomic Energy Commission, is the development and promulgation of
specific environmental radiation standards necessary to implement the
radiation protection guidelines.
A comprehensive evaluation of the existing radiation protection
guidelines and their scientific bases will be initiated in 1971 and
continued through 1972. This will be carried out principally through
contracts with the National Academy of Sciences and the National Council
on Radiation Protection and Measurement. Also, during 1971 work will
be initiated to review existing interim radiation standards for protection
of uranium miners to develop radiation standards for additional
radionuclides for which radiation protection guidelines are in effect
and to develop alternative interim radiation protection guidelines
pending completion of the comprehensive study of existing guidelines.
In 1972, the aforementioned 1971 activities will be continued and
intensified. This work will result in the completion of the comprehensive
study of existing guidelines and the development of new or revised policy,
guidelines5 and standards such as that pertaining to the control of
uranium mine tailings.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Pollution source standards $6,276,000 $15,838,000 $9.562,000
EPA is responsible for establishing various standards and regulations
to control the discharges of pollutants into the environment. These
standards and regulations prescribe the specific requirements necessary
to achieve compliance with the environmental standards previously discussed
and to otherwise prevent and control pollution. They include emission
standards for both stationary and mobile sources of air pollution, permits
for industrial waste water discharges into navigable waters, performance
standards for marine sanitation devices onboard vessels, guidelines
setting forth acceptable solid waste management practices, and registration
of pesticide-product labels and fuel additives to regulate the sale of
these products. These activities are carried out primarily with intramural
resources. They also generally entail close cooperation with other Federal
agencies, States, municipalities, and private organizations.
For the air program, an increase of $3,430,000 is requested for the
development of performance standards for new stationary sources, emissions
standards for hazardous air pollutants, emmission standards for motor
vehicles and aircraft, and for the registration of motor vehicle fuel
additives. This increase is required to meet the substantially expanded
standards-setting provisions of the Clean Air Amendments of 1970.
AC 3-7
-------
1 \ The Amendments require (1) that national performance standards be
set for the control of air pollution from new facilities in designated
classes of industries, (2) that emission standards be set for hazardous
materials for which it is not practical to set ambient air quality
j , standards, (3) that emission standards be set for motor vehicles and
aircraft, and (4) that motor vehicle fuel additives be registered and
,-., regulated, The Amendments further specify that a series of special
I | studies and reports to Congress be developed in connection with these
('"j standards.
In the area of performance standards for new stationary sources of
air pollution, it is expected that 31 categories of industries will be
designated by the end of 1972. Studies for the first five categories to
be designated will be completed by the end of 1971, including steam electric
power plants, municipal incinerators, cement plants, and nitric and
sulfuric acid plants. Studies of a second group of industries chosen to
reflect a priority for the control of odor, fluoride, and lead emissions will
also be started. Initial work related to designating asbestos as a
hazardous pollutant will be initiated in 1971. In the area of mobile sources,
the 1971 effort will include the work preparatory to developing the reports
required by the Amendments relative to the feasibility of future emission
standards. Investigations will be started to assess the requirements for
aircraft emissions standards. Notice of proposed rule making relative to
motor vehicle fuel additives and studies of relevant scientific medical
and economic data will be initiated.
Performance standards for the first five designated industries will be
promulgated in the early part of 1972. The second and third additional
groups of industry categories, covering 11 and 15 industries respectively,
will be designated and standards will be issued for the second group late in
1972. Hazardous emission standards for asbestos, beryllium, and mercury will
also be issued in 1972. In 1972, the studies of the feasibility of emission
standards for mobile sources will be continued and expanded. The aircraft
studies will be extended in 1972 to characterize aircraft emissions, evaluate
aircraft movements and to translate emissions into ambient air quality levels
near airports. This data, together with investigations of gaseous aircraft
control technology, will permit standards for gaseous emissions from aircraft
to be set early in 1973. The studies of fuel additives will be extended so
as to permit the establishment of controls at the earliest possible date.
For the industrial waste discharge permit program, an increase of
$49700,000 is requested to fully implement the program. The increase is
necessary to support the development of this significant new avenue for
improving water pollution control.
'?
The program, announced by the President on December 25, 1970, is based
on existing authorities, particularly the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, It
is a cooperative effort between EPA, the States, the U. -S. Army Corps of
Engineers, and the Department of Justice. It will involve the receipt and
AC 3-8
-------
review of permit applications from industries discharging or proposing to
discharge wastes into navigable waterways, issuance of permits where
conformance to applicable water quality standards can be demonstrated, and
various actions, including prosecution of permit violators, to bring about
and maintain conformance.
To enable initiation of the program in late 1971, work is currently
underway to develop necessary memorandums of agreement between Federal
participants, to develop guidelines, regulations and procedures, and to
recruit a core staff of technical and administrative personnel. The
requested increase will allow full staffing and commencement of the
processing of permit applications in 1972. Of the 41,000 applications
expected to be received in late 1971 and early 1972, the most critical one-
third (13,500) will be completely processed and issued permits during 1972.
Initial funding of $450,000 is requested to commence an ocean disposal
control program in 1972. This program is necessary to implement the
National Policy on Ocean Disposal.
In October 1970, the Council on Environmental Quality issued a report,
Oceaii Dumping - A NationalPolicy, recommending the gradual cessation of
most existing practices of disposing of wastes into marine water and the
prevention of most future practices of this type. Pursuant to the
recommendations of this report, the President proposed in his Environmental
Message of February 8, 1971, the enactment of legislation to regulate and,
in some cases, ban the disposal of wastes in the ocean. This would be
accomplished by a program of permit issuance to be administered by EPA, the
proposed legislation for which has been transmitted to the Congress.
Meanwhile, with the requested increase, EPA will initiate a program
based on existing authorities. It will develop criteria and guidelines for
acceptable ocean dumping practice and define the types of waste dumping
which must be prohibited or restricted (based on research for which
additional funds are requested under Pollution Sources and Effects). It will
also establish a cadre of technical experts in each of EPA's coastal and
Great Lakes regional offices to carry out investigations of ocean dumping
practices and proposals. This staff will provide advice and technical
assistance to State and local agencies, to the Corps of Engineers, and to other
Federal agencies. It will, where appropriate, help support abatement actions
under existing Federal authorities. This limited program capability will
provide a basis upon which to build a full-scale ocean dumping permit program,
should the pending legislative proposal (or a similar one) be enacted by
Congress.
For the solid waste program, an increase of $235,000 is requested to
continue and intensify the development of solid waste management guidelines
pursuant to requirements of the Resources Recovery Act of 1970. Early
development of these guidelines is needed to provide sound requirements for
making grant awards for State and local planning and demonstration of solid
waste management and resource recovery techniques and to provide sound
AC 3-9
-------
guidance to Federal agencies for the correction and control of solid
waste problems at Federal facilities.
The Resource Recovery Act of 1970 requires that EPA develop solid
waste management guidelines. These guidelines will be published and
available to State, local, and private agencies and will be used to
develop model codes, ordinances, and statutes, all for the purpose of
assisting and promoting improved solid waste management nationwide. .These
guidelines will a.lso become obligatory standards for federally operated
and licensed solid waste management activities. Finally, the Act requires
that resource recovery projects supported under the demonstration grants
program and projects supported under the solid waste planning grant program
conform to these guidelines.
Guideline development is being carried out by a primarily intramural
effort, in consultation with State, interstate, and local solid waste
management agencies as well as other Federal agencies and private
organizations. In 1971, efforts center around "state-of-the-art"
investigations leading to development of guidelines for municipal incineration
and sanitary landfill operations. These guidelines will be completed and
published in the Federal Register in 1972. In 1972 the effort will be extended
to the study and development of guidelines for solid waste collection,
storage, transportation, and size reduction. The requested increase will
support this expanded effort.
For the pesticide program, an increase of $747,000 is requested to
reduce the backlog and expedite the handling of label registration applications,
This increase is needed to alleviate the present substantial backlog and to
reduce the average time for the processing of applications.
The Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rpdenticide Act provides that no
pesticide chemicals may be shipped in interstate commerce until shown to be
safe when used as directed and effective for the purpose claimed. Also,
under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, any pesticide intended for use on
human or animal food must be determined safe for such use through
establishment of tolerance levels. Pesticides must be registered and
adequately labeled prior to interstate shipment. EPA provides clearance of
proposed new labeling or labeling amendments and establishes tolerances or
exemptions in reference to food residues., Processing of applications and
tolerance petitions has been too slow, depriving the ultimate user of the
latest authoritative guidance on the products and sometimes denying him a
more effective or less hazardous chemical. Delays also needlessly penalize
responsive manufacturers who attempt to market products in compliance with
latest requirements.
As of February 1971, there were 4,993 applications and amendments to
applications awaiting registration action, about one-half of which are
expected to be acted upon by the end of 1971. A total of about 28,500 are
expected during 1972, There is also a February 1971 backlog of 33
residue tolerance petitions. In addition, because regulations issued in
1966 require renewal of label registrations every five years, an influx of
renewal applications is expected, commencing in mid-1971 and peaking in 1972
and totalling about 11,000.
AC 3-10
-------
The requested increase will be used to provide additional scientific,
technical, and administrative staff to accelerate the review and processing
of label registration applications, amendments, renewals, and tolerance
petitions, and to eliminate the backlog., and reduce the average processing
time for the action from 180 to 45 days.
Compliance and enforcement
1971
$11,666,000
1972
$19,563,000
Increase or
Decrease
$7,897,000
EPA's compliance and enforcement activities involve (1) surveillance
and inspection to determine compliance with established environmental
standards, pollution-source standards, permits and product registrations;
(2) the gathering of evidential data in cases where noncompliance is
apparent; and (3) the conduct of actual enforcement proceedings.
Enforcement actions include administrative procedures such as the
revocation of certifications, seizure of products, and actions under the
"conference" procedure provided for under the existing air and water
pollution legislation, as well as the initiation of court proceedings.
Relative to environmental standards for air and water quality and
performance and hazardous emission standards» the States are expected
to exercise primary responsibility for compliance and enforcement, but
where this is not achieved, Federal action is possible pursuant to
existing authorities. Relative to mobile source air emission standards
and pesticide-label registration, compliance and enforcement are primarily
a Federal responsibility. In all cases, however, close cooperation and
coordination with State and local efforts are maintained.
For the air program, an increase of $2,491,000 is requested to enable
the development of procedures and regulations for production-line testing
of motor vehicles to determine their compliance with established emission
standards. This work is required to enable the initiation of a fully
operational testing program for 1973 model-year vehicles.
The Clean Air Act, as amended, requires EPA to test prototypes of
new models of motor vehicles to determine their compliance with established
emission standards. If compliance is found, a certificate of conformity is
issued enabling the manufacturer to sell or import the particular model.
The Clean Air Amendments authorize EPA to test production-line models of
vehicles to assure that manufactured models do, in fact, comply with
emission standards and with the regulations under which certification of
conformity have been issued. Findings of noncompliance are grounds for
revocation of the certificate of conformity.
To prepare for full-scale operational production-line testing of
1973 model-year vehicles., two preparatory steps must be taken. The first
of these will be completed in 1971: the development of a short-cycle test
appropriate for production-line testing. During 19729 the second step will
AC 3-11
-------
be undertaken: the full-scale pilot tests of the testing procedures and
the development of regulations to enable initiation of a production-line
testing program in 1973. Also, during 1972, the program of testing
prototype models and issuing certificates of conformity will be
continued.
The newly authorized enforcement activities of the air program--
pertaining to violation of national ambient air quality standards,
performance standards, hazardous emission standards, aircraft emission
standards, and fuel additive regulations—will be organized and commenced
during 1972.
For the water program, an increase of $4,424,000 is requested (1) to
complete the investigation and the taking of necessary abatement actions
against all potential dischargers of mercury, (2) to initiate a similar
effort pertaining to potential dischargers of heavy metals, (3) to
investigate and take appropriate enforcement action in four shellfish
areas where pollution is suspected to be having adverse effects, and
(4) to provide needed equipment for a field team assigned to the conduct
of enforcement investigations. Their work is essential to the abatement
of critical water pollution problems and to the effective implementation
of established water quality standards.
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, authorizes EPA
to undertake various enforcement actions to secure compliance with water
quality standards for interstate water, to abate pollution of navigable
waters, and to abate pollution of shellfish areas where the marketing of
shellfish in interstate commerce is adversely affected. Also, in cooperation
with the Coast Guard pursuant to a delegation of the President's authorities,
EPA carries out various activities to enforce regulations covering the
control, cleanup, and prevention of oil spills. Finally, EPA participates
in the bringing of enforcement actions under the Refuse Act of 1899.
During 1971, work in over 50 active enforcement actions is under way.
This includes the monitoring of programs in meeting the abatement
requirements and schedules set forth in these actions and the conduct of
field investigations to support current actions. Also, investigations in
support of potential new actions are being continued. Particular attention .
is being given to mercury pollution. All potential dischargers of mercury
have been identified and are being investigated on a case-by-case basis.
Where significant discharges of mercury are found, action is initiated,
including court action where necessary, to secure abatement.
During 1972, the current enforcement activities will be continued and
certain of these expanded or intensified. The investigation of potential
mercury dischargers will be completed and appropriate abatement action will
be taken. Additionally, a panel of experts will be formed to formulate
discharge limits and treatment and control requirements for mercury. The
investigations of potential dischargers of an additional three to five
AC 3-12
-------
toxic heavy metals will be initiated and followed with appropriate
enforcement actions. The investigation of pollution effecting four
Important shellfish growing areas will be started and similarly
followed with appropriate abatement actions. Finally, the capability of
one of EPA's field investigation teams assigned to enforcement activities
will be improved by the provision of additional mobile-laboratory and
other field equipment.
For the drinking water certification program, an increase of $104,000
is requested to increase, from 13 to 18, the annual number of Federal-State
surveys of water supplies in order that deficiencies or deteriorating
conditions can be identified and early remedial action taken.
The drinking water certification program classifies all 670 drinking
water supplies in the United States which serve interstate carriers—planes,
trains, and buses—and certifies them for use by such carriers when in
compliance with EPA drinking water standards as they relate to the prevention
of the spread of communicable disease. This responsibility is coordinated
with the Food and Drug Administration which is responsible for maintaining
an inventory of water supply points used by interstate carriers and for
inspecting such points.
In 1971, 13 Federal-State surveys will be conducted. In 1972, it is
proposed to increase this number to 18 and to maintain this level of effort
in subsequent years so that classification of all interstate-carrier water
supplies can be completed every three years, rather than every four years
as is permitted by current resource levels. The laboratory analytical work
necessary to support these surveys will also be proportionally increased.
For the pesticide program, an increase of $878,000 is requested to
increase the surveillance of domestic and imported pesticide products.
EPA's examination and surveillance of domestic and imported pesticides
serves as the basis for compliance actions under the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. Surveillance is carried out by examining
the manufacturers' and distributors' records and checking thousands of
outlets, as well as by carrying out inspector visits to manufacturer and
distributor locations to determine the disposition of returned products.
When violation of law occurs, compliance can be brought about through
voluntary or mandatory recall and removal of the product by the manufacturer,
or through seizure of the product by EPA. Surveillance and enforcement
responsibilities are supported by laboratory testing of acquired samples.
In 1971, surveillance is limited to sampling less than 15 percent of
the estimated 40,000 registered domestic products and about 10 percent of
the imported products. The requested increase will permit increasing the
surveillance level for domestic products to 20 percent and for imported
products to 15 percent.
AC 3-13
-------
Abatement and Control
Control Agency Support
(dollars in thousands)
r-
Water Quality..
Total
Control agency
qrants. .......
Air- Pollution
Water,
Control agency
admi ni s trati on
Ai r Pol lution
Water. ...
Total
Estimate herein
Requirement for
1971 pay raise
Total. . . ..
1971
Pos,
43
18
61
« » * « » * »
grants
..... (61)
43
..... 18
61
January
Total
Amount
$30 ,900
10,575
41 ,475
($40,200)
30,200
10,000
(1 ,275)
700
575
41 ,475
$41,475
27
41 ,502
1972
Pos.
43 '
29
72
a » «
(72)
43
29
72
Total
Amount
$43,630
15,790
59,420
($57,900)
42,900
15,000
(1,520)
730
790
59,420
$59,420
58
59 478
Increase or
Decrease
Pos . Amount
... +$12,730
+11 +5,215
+11 +17,945
($17,700)
12,700
... 5 ,000
(11) (245)
30
11 215
11 17,945
$17 945
31
17 976
,4 t
n
L. ^*
f~^ I
*' 1 I
t I f
Manpower Resources:
Man-years....
54
64
+10
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Control Agency Support
Purpose
f~l Current Federal legislation clearly sets out the policy that primary
: I responsibility for pollution control rests with State and local
governments and interstate agencies. This approach carries with it a
commitment for Federal leadership in the development of effective control
programs together with the provision of financial assistance to support
the implementation and operation of State and local programs. To this
end, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, authorizes
matching grants to State and interstate water pollution control agencies.
The Clean Air Act, as amended, authorizes assistance under a variety of
matching formulas to State, regional, and local air pollution control
agencies to support the cost of planning, developing, improving, and
maintaining their operations. The Clean Air Act also authorizes the
assignment of Federal employees to these control agencies in lieu of
financial assistance.
Associated with these grants is the Federal effort involved in their
administration as well as in the provision of consultive services to the
various control agencies in the management of these grants.
Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Control agency grants $40,200,000 $57,900,000 $17,700,000
Control agency grants
administration 1 ,275,000 1,520,000 245,000
Total 41,475,000 59,420,000 17,945,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions. 61 72 11
Man-years .,....„ 54 64 10
AC 4-1
-------
Summary of Increasesand Decreases
Control agency grants
$17.700,000
Air pollution control agency grants:
to increase the number of agencies
receiving support, the level of support
under existing grants, and the number of
Federal employees assigned to grantee
agenci es , .
12,700,000
Water pollution control agency grants:
to increase the level of support
consistent with proposed amendments to
Section 7 of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act.
Control agency grants administration
5,000,000
$245,000
Air pollution control agency grants
administration: to support the full-
year costs of personnel added in 1971
to improve grants management ,
30,000
- Water pollution control agency grants
administration: to provide for expanded
work load related to increased grant
funding levels and further strengthen
existing grant administration
procedures
215,000,
AC 4-2
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Control agency grants $40,200,000 $57,900.000 $17,700,000
EPA currently provides finanical assistance to State, regional, and
local air pollution control agencies and to State and interstate water
pollution control agencies. This support is intended to assist these
agencies in fulfilling their responsibilities under existing Federal air
and water pollution control legislation. Additionally, the matching
features of these grants serve as realistic incentives for State and local
governments to expand their pollution control resources and to increase
their overall commitment to environmental protection programs. Federal
funds are used by these control agencies to employ technical and
managerial personnel to plan and develop control programs, for the
procurement of needed laboratory and field equipment, for the training of
agency personnel, and for the conduct of monitoring and inspection programs,
as well as enforcement activities.
An increase of $12,700,000 for air pollution control agency grants is
requested to increase (1) the number of control agencies being supported,
(2) the levels of grant support, and (3) the number of Federal employees
assigned to grantee agencies. This increase relates primarily to the
new responsibilities imposed on State, regional, and local air pollution
control agencies by the Clean Air Amendments of 1970. Under these
amendments, each State must undertake a series of resource-demanding actions
within the period of the next year which include: designation of the
remaining air quality control regions within its boundaries; expansion of
its inventory of air quality and source emissions; development of an
effective regulatory program; and development and submittal for EPA approval
of implementation plans for meeting national ambient air quality standards
for six major pollutants. These actions and plans must be adequate to assure
meeting of primary national ambient air quality standards within three years.
To assist the States in meeting the responsibilities, the Clean Air Act
provides for grants, under several matching formulas, to assist in the
planning and development of new air pollution control agencies, the
improvement of existing agencies, and the maintenance of control agency
operations on a continuing basis.
During 1971, $30.2 million in grants (see table on page AC 4-6) will
be made available to match an estimated $43 million in State and local funds.
These grants are supporting 201 air pollution control agencies, including
47 State agencies, one territorial, and 153 local agencies. Thirteen of
this total number will receive maintenance grants. Additionally, 105
temporary Federal employees are assigned to State agencies to supplement
an estimated 2,900 employees on the rolls of State and local control
agencies.
AC 4-3
-------
In 1972, grant support will be increased to $42.9 million (see
table on page AC 4-6. This will enable the extension of grant
assistance to six additional agencies—two State, one territorial and
three local agencies—for a total of 207 agencies. Additionally, it
will enable the assignment of an additional 295 Federal employees to
State agencies to aid them in meeting the immediate and substantial
work load imposed by the Clean Air Amendments of 1970, These
assignees will supplement an expected increase of 1,000 State and local
personnel.
An increase of $5,000,000 is requested for water pollution
control agency grants to increase the level of grant support from
$10 to $15 million (see table on page AC 4-8) pursuant to the
Administration's proposed amendments to Section 7 of the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act* as amended. This additional support is needed
to enable the State control agencies to meet the demands imposed by
the Federal program to implement the Corps of Engineers' waste
discharge permit program, for development of metropolitan, regional
and river basin control plans, for accelerated enforcement actions,
and for administration of the expanded Federal construction grants
program.
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, authorizes
matching grants to State and interstate water pollution control
agencies to assist them in improving and maintaining their programs
and in meeting their responsibilities under Federal programs. In
1971, $10 million will be made available to 59 State, territorial,
and interstate agencies to match approximately $32 million in State
funds. Of the total number of agencies receiving support, 54 are
State or territorial agencies and five are interstate agencies.
Section 7 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended,
now limits annual appropriations for control agency grants to
$10 million. This section of the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act, as amended, expires in June 1971 and the proposed legislation for
its extension provides for an increase in authorization to $15 million
in 1972 with increasing increments of $5 million in each of the
subsequent fiscal years through 1975. This additional funding will be
used to support bonus grants to those5 States which undertake to improve
and expand their programs in certain critical areas of activity.
AC 4-4
-------
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Control agency grants
administration $1,275,000 $1.520,000 $245,000
Headquarters and regional staffs are maintained to manage the above
described grants. The headquarters component provides policy direction
,and general management guidance. The regional components provide the
technical management and monitoring of the grant programs. This includes
the review and evalution of grant applications, the provision of
preapplication assistance, the monitoring of the grantees' programs, and
the maintenance of day-to-day liaison with the grantees to promote effective
communication with EPA and to assist them in improving and strengthening
their program
An increase of $30,000 for air pollution control grants administration
is requested to support the full-year cost of personnel added in 1971 to
improve grants management and handle the increased work load of the
expanded program.
An increase of $215,000 for water pollution control agency grants
administration is requested to support the additional staff required to
handle the work load associated with increased funding levels, to further
improve existing administrative practices, and to maintain closer liaison
with grantee agencies. .
AC 4-5
-------
Allocation of Control Agency Grants
Air Pollution
State or Territory 1971 1972
Alabama $43,203 $405,926
Alaska 55,466 61,387
Arizona 347,500 347,500
Arkansas.. 90,152 269,884
California ............ 2,870,044 4,134,262
Colorado. :..... 522,000 522,000
Connecticut.,. 530,869 770,512
Delaware... 205,112 231,932
District of Columbia 234,134 234,134
Florida... 949,918 1,113S975
Georgia 552,829 801S798
Hawaii.... 27,605 60,695
Idaho, 64,937 127,634
Illinois.. 1,468,457 2,337,857
Indiana 512,615 1,142,721
Iowa 215,112 470,426
Kansas. 141,324 296,999
Kentucky 535,614 670,413
Louisiana 183,916 487,649
Maine,.... 74,093 202,273
Maryland 1,426,251 1,426,251
Massachusetts ,..'. 698,009 1,129,922
Michigan ....... 1,533,572 2,150,442
Minnesota. 447,798 648,428
Mississippi.... 95,359 290,416
Missouri , 772,226 956,945
Montana 135,086 186,985
Nebraska.... 133,408 211,694
Nevada. 163,000 163,000
New Hampshire. 55,869 130,409
New Jersey 1,587,669 2,053,369
New Mexico............. 257,558 257,558
New York 2,836,675 4,178,741
North Carolina........ 620,180 . 965,362
North Dakota............ .. .. 21,456 65,343
AC 4-6
-------
State or Territory 1971 1972
Ohio 1,257,189 2,199,387
Oklahoma 236,877 344,004
Oregon...... 567,650 639,403
Pennsylvania 2,562,671 3,005,808
Rhode Island 106,473 188,675
South Carolina 345,623 516,948
South Dakota.. , 33,441 64,441
Tennessee 801,281 881,045
Texas. 1,426,216 . 2,038,558
Utah 101,551 133,944
Vermont 59,920 84,302
Virginia 478,067 722,294
Washington 1,125,000 1,125,000
West Virginia. 256,462 376,631
Wisconsin 199,494 701,071
Wyoming, 33,536 53,041
American Samoa... 219 3,005
Guam 10,823 21,272
Puerto Rico 149,310 254,«r
Virgin Islands. ,. 39,181 _4V _^
Total, Air Pollution... 30,200,000 42,900,000
March 5, 1971 AC 4-7
-------
Allocation of Control Agency Grants
Water Quality
State or Territory
Alabama.....
Alaska.. ,
Arizona
Arkansas .........
California
Colorado.............
Connecticut... ,
Del aware ,
District of Columbia.
Florida..............
Georgia. ,
Hawaii
Idaho..
Illinois
Indiana.............
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana.
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan.
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire.. .
New Jersey..........
New Mexico..........
New York
North Carolina......
North Dakota........
1971
$190,500
20,000
75,500
115,700
661,100
88,000
167,400
85,900
87,800
266,300
218,700
71,100
44,100
428,000
230,000
121,
97,
165,
184.
200
600
000
100
63,000
181,
264,
357.
155,
300
600
800
400
145,100
196,700
39,000
66,400
24,900
63,500
311,900
52,300
650,400
264,600
37,200
]972
$184,900
20,400
76,800
112,600
672,000
90,900
167,500
86,000
86,800
276,800
213,800
69,000
43,900
430,900
233,800
123,300
95,900
164,000
179,600
63,600
183,900
267,800
360,100
158,000
137,200
197,400
39,500
67,700
25,500
64,900
312,200
53,100
645,400
258,400
37,400
AC 4-8
-------
State or Territory
1971
1972
Ohio
Oklahoma.,,
Oregon ..<,...
Pennsylvania
Rhode Is!ancl.. ,
South Caroli na,
South Dakota.
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont....... .
Virginia.
Washington,
West Virginia... —
Wisconsin
Wyomi ng
Guam
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Subtotal, Water Qual ity
Interstate Agencies
Delaware River Basin Commission...
Delaware New York
New Jersey Pennsylvania
Interstate Commission on the
Potomac River Basi n
District of Pennsylvania
Columbia Virginia
Maryland West Virginia
Interstate Sanitation Commission..
Connecticut New York
New Jersey
New England Interstate Water
Pollution Control Commission....
Connecticut New Hampshire
Maine New York
Massachusetts Rhode Island
Vermont
447,300
117,600
96,900
488,300
111,000
157,400
38,500
208,200
427,000
55,400
43,700
210,500
136,300
110,200
193,000
23,600
75,000
195,000
73,000
9,400,000
133,500
50,400
137,800
87,400
447,800
118,000
98,900
489,400
108,800
151,000
38,900
204,300
424,600
56,100
44,200
208,400
137,300
107,600
199,500
24,200
74,300
192,500
73.200
9,400,000
1333500
51,200
138,300
88,300
AC 4-9
-------
Interstate Agencies 1971 1972
Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation
Commission.. 190,900 188,700
Illinois Ohio
Indiana Pennsylvania
Kentucky Virginia
New York West Virginia
Subtotal, Interstate Agencies 600,000 600,000
Funds will be used for bonuses to States
as prescribed in proposed bill for
extending and amending Section 7 of
the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act, as amended. ._._. 5.,000,OOP
Total, Water Quality. 10,000,000 15,000,000
March 5, 1971 AC 4-10
-------
Abatement and Control
Technical Support
(dollars in thousands)
n ;
1971 Total
Air Pollution
Solid Wastes
Water Quality
Total
Pos.
345 •
40
14
69
446
914
Amount
$7,360
• 1,055
209
1,718
9,445
19,787
1972 Total
Pos.
374
43
19
81
455
972
Amount
$10,421
1,160
303
2,008
11,095
24,987
Increase
or Decrease
Pos.
+29
+3
+5
+12
+9
+58
Amount
" +$3,061
+105
+94
+290
+1,650
+5,200
Techni cal support
Ai r Pol 1 uti on
Pesti ci des
Radi ati on
Solid Wastes
Water Quality. .........
Estuarine and
Oceanographic - Water..
Oil and Hazardous
Materials - Water
Total
Estimate herein
Requirement for January
1971 pay raise
Total
(810)
345
40
14'
69
342
(20)
(84)
914
($17,697)
7,360
1,055
209
1,718
7,355
(755)
(1,335)
19,787
$19,787
339
20,126
(868)
374
43
19
81
351
(20)
(84)
972
($22,198)
10,421
1,160
303
2,008
8,306
(755)
(2,034)
24,987
$24,987
818
25,805
(+58)
+29
+3
+5
+12
+9
i • •
• • •
+58
(+$4,501)
+3,061
+105
+94
+290
+951
• « •
(+699)
+5,200
+$5,200
+479
+5,679
Manpower Resources:
Man-vears ,
732
Q29
+197
n
-------
Operations, Research and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Technical Support
Purpose
The technical support programs encompass field investigations,
special studies, and other technical work necessary to support EPA1s
activities in developing and setting standards, reviewing standards
implementation plans, conducting enforcement actions, effecting river
basin and other planning, and carrying out its other functions. These
programs also cover EPA's technical assistance to State, local, and
other Federal agencies. Such assistance includes field investigations
and special studies, many of which are joint endeavors, and technical
consultation to help investigate and develop solutions for complex
pollution problems.
Additionally, there are two special technical support programs: the
estuarine and oceanographie program and the oil and hazardous materials
program. The first of these comprises the collection and collation of
comprehensive data and information about the Nation's estuarine, coastal,
and Great Lakes waters, the dissemination of this information, and the
provision of technical assistance to State, local, and other Federal
agencies engaged in the planning for and management of coastal and
estuarine zones. The oil and hazardous materials program covers the
field and headquarters technical activities required to implement, in
cooperation with the Coast Guard, the regulatory and related provisions
of Sections 11 and 12 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended. The activities carried out under this program include responses
to oil and hazardous spills to assist and oversee control and cleanup
or to undertake Federal control and cleanup action; the development,
revision, and implementation of national and local contingency plans;
and the conduct of activities to prevent oil and hazardous spills,
Increase or
Budget Authority ' 1971 1972 Decrease
Technical support $17,697,000 $22,198,000 $4,501,000
Estuarine and oceanographic
studies 755,000 755,000
Oil and hazardous materials. 1,335.000 2,034.000 699,000
Total............ 19,787.000 24,987.000 5,200,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions 914 gy2 53
732 836 103
AC 5-1
-------
Summaryof Increases and Decreases
Technical support $4,501,000
- Air pollution program: to provide assistance
to the States in developing implementation
plans for the national ambient air quality
standards and to review for Federal approval
the plans submitted by 53 States. 3,061,000
- Water quality program: to convene technical
advisory committees to update guidelines for
water quality criteria and waste treatment and
discharge requirements; to conduct inventories
and studies of feedlot, forestry and logging,
irrigation return flow, and runoff pollution
sources; and to expand technical assistance
to local agencies for the detection and removal
of potentially toxic materials in public water
s uppl i es 951,000
- Solid waste program: to provide increased
technical assistance to State and other agencies. 290,000
- Radiation program; to establish radiological
specialists in two additional regional offices
to enable adequate technical assistance to the
States covered by these regions 94,000
- Pesticide program: to conduct four training
conferences to improve State and local officials'
capabilities for enforcing pesticide standards.... 105,000
Oil'and hazardous materials L__ $699,000
- Oil and hazardous materials program: to provide
assistance in responding to spiljls and to develop
local contingency plans 699,000
AC 5-2
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Technical support $17,697.000 $22,198,000 $4.501.000
EPA provides technical support to its own operating programs and
technical assistance to other Federal, State, and local agencies for the
control of air, water, solid waste, radiation, and pesticide pollution.
These activities encompass the development of the technical bases for
setting and enforcing standards and implementation plans, for developing
comprehensive environmental protection and pollution control plans, for
developing and operating surveillance and monitoring systems, for abating
pollution from Federal facilities and activities, and for the performance
of other pollution abatement and control activities. This work principally
involves field investigations and special studies to determine the sources
or causes of pollution and to find the most appropriate abatement measures.
It also encompasses technical advice and consultation and the provisions
of laboratory services.
EPA also reviews worldwide literature and assembles technical
news and information concerning the scientific and engineering advances
and innovations in the field of environmental protection. This technical
information is disseminated to government agencies, industry, research
groups, and universities.
An increase of $3,061,000 for the air program is requested to
provide assistance to the States for development of implementation plans
for national ambient air quality standards, and to review these plans
when submitted for Federal approval. This technical assistance is
necessary to assure that approvable plans are submitted and competent
review is given within time requirements established by the Clean Air
Amendments of 1970.
The Clean Air Amendments of 1970 place new and additional burdens
on the States. The States are required, during calendar year 1971, to
designate remaining air quality control regions within their boundaries,
expand their inventory of air quality and source emission data, develop
and submit, for EPA approval, regional implementation plans for the six
pollutants presently covered by national ambient air quality standards,
establish legal authority and regulatory programs, and develop emergency
plans for meeting air pollution episodes. The development of implementation
plans will be a critical element; they must provide for obtaining
compliance with primary national ambient air quality standards within
three years after their approval and, as they pertain to primary standards,
they must be adopted and submitted by the States within nine months
after promulgation of the primary standards by EPA (these plans are
therefore due approximately January 31, 1972). The States will need
considerable technical assistance during 1971 and 1972 in developing
these plans in order to meet both the substantive and time specifications
set forth by the Amendments. Further, the Amendments require that EPA
AC 5-3
-------
approve the States' plans. If any of these plans are found Inadequate, EPA
must develop and adopt Federal plans within six months after their submittal.
This mandate will require substantial technical support for the review
of, and related actions on, submitted plans during 1972,
Thirteen implementation plans submitted under the provisions
of the 1967 Act for sulfur oxides and particulates are currently being
reviewed in relation to the proposed national ambient air quality
standards being established under the 1970 Amendments, and notification
of required revisions to meet these standards is being given to States.
States are now in the process of formulating the remaining implementation
plans and are being advised about the proposed standards so as to
enable submittal of adequate plans. In 1972, 53 implementation plans
will be submitted for review and approval for the six pollutants covered
by national ambient air quality standards. The review of these plans
will be completed during the year to comply with the time provision
of the Amendments.
An increase of $951,000 for the water program is requested (1) to
convene a technical advisory committee to update EPA's water quality
criteria guidelines; (2) to further develop waste treatment and waste
discharge requirement guidelines; (3) to conduct inventory and developmental
studies on feedlot, forestry and logging, irrigation return flow, and
rural runoff pollution problems; and (4) to expand technical assistance
to local agencies for the detection and removal of potentially toxic
materials in water supplies.
The National Technical Advisory Committee Report, Water Quality
Criteria8 was published in 1968 and provided the basis for the
development and establishment of the current Federal-State water quality
standards for interstate waters. Since that publication, new scientific
knowledge on water quality requirements and tolerances has been acquired.
Alsos the weaknesses in coverage and comprehensiveness of the Report
have been identified. For these reasons, it is planned in 1972 to
update and expand the Report to provide the basis for upgrading presently
established water quality standards where necessary, and to provide the
basis for establishing standards for navigable, contiguous zone, and
ground waters pursuant to the Administration's proposed legislation to
strengthen and extend the Federal standards-setting authority of
Section 10 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended.
Effective implementation of the Corps of Engineers waste discharge
permit program will require the specification,of waste treatment
requirements and/or effluent standards as conditions of issued permits.
To enable the specification of such conditions, work is presently under
way to identify and characterize the best available waste treatment
technology for 22 sectors of industry. From this works it is planned
before the end of 1971 to develop preliminary guidelines on waste
treatment and waste discharge requirements for classes and types of
industrial plants. These guidelines will enable initial implementation
AC 5-4
-------
of the waste discharge permit program in 1972. It is further planned
to complete the development of these guidelines during 1972 to provide
a firm basis for the continued conduct of the permit program. These
guidelines will also be available and used for the development and
implementation of effluent standards pursuant to the Administration's
proposed legislation to amend Section 10 of the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act, as amended.
Water pollution arising from animal feedlot operations, forestry
and logging practices, irrigation return flows, and rural runoff have not
been studied on a systematic, nationwide basis. Because these sources
are being found to have a substantial adverse impact on water quality—
by virtue of their own growth and as a result of the abatement of
municipal and industrial pollution—it is now necessary to make a
concerted national effort to minimize these impacts. Accordingly, it
is planned in 1972 to initiate a comprehensive inventory and study of
these sources, their effects, and possible remedial measures preparatory
to developing a national program for their control.
The Community Water Supply Study, recently completed and published,
identified all-too-widespread deficiencies in the operation of public
water supplies and specifically identified, among other things, a high
proportion of public water supplies which exceed recommended limits for
chemical constituents. To address these findings in part, EPA provides
technical assistance to local agencies to aid them in improving their
water supply operations. During 1972, it is planned to continue this
essential work and to expand assistance pertaining to the detection and
removal of potentially toxic chemical constituents.
The increase requested for the water hygiene program is to support
the above described expansion of 1972 activities. Also planned in 1972
is a continuation of 1971 activities comprising technical support to EPA's
other programs and technical assistance to State, local, and other
Federal agencies.
An increase of $290,000 for the solid waste program is requested
to continue to meet the expanding need of State and local governments
for technical assistance and to pursue the objective of closing 5,000
of the Nation's solid waste disposal dumps by the end of 1972.
Under this program, technical assistance is provided to State
and local agencies to aid them in planning, developing, and improving
solid waste management programs and in finding solutions to operational
problems. Assistance is provided in all aspects of solid waste management:
storages collection, processing, and ultimate disposal. Technical
information is also assembled, published, and disseminated to public
and private agencies, organizations, and individuals to acquaint them with
new and existing technology and management techniques.
AC 5-5
-------
In 1971, the solid waste program initiated "Mission 5000,"
an effort to close 5,000 of the Nation's clumps during 1971 and 1972.
This project will be continued and intensified in 1972 through technical
assistance, advice,and consultation and the dissemination of information.
An increase of $94,000 for the radiation program is requested to
provide increased assistance to the States in evaluating the siting
and effects of proposed nuclear power plants, and for other radiological
matters. This will be accomplished by establishing one radiation
specialist in each of two additional regional offices: one in Region II,
New York City, and one in Region IX, San Francisco.
The technical support programs in the regional offices provide
assistance to the States in developing adequate programs to protect the
public from radiation hazards. This assistance encompasses the
evaluation of State programs, the training of personnel, the development
of model legislation, the response to contamination incidents and
accidents, the collection and dissemination of data and information,
and the advice and consultation on radiological matters, including proposed
nuclear power plants and other uses of nuclear energy. The regional
programs also carry out EPA's own radiological activities: the review
of proposed nuclear facilities and operations, the conduct of special
studies, and the response to contamination incidents.
During 1972, two additional EPA regional offices will be staffed
with radiological specialists. This will provide eight of EPA's 10
regions with adequate technical support capabilities. These specialists
will provide a vital linkage between the State programs and the
Federal radiation programs in the two additional regions—Region II,
New York, and Region IX, San Francisco—and they will provide much needed
assistance in evaluating the environmental impact of the increasing number
of nuclear facilities being built or proposed in these regions.
An increase of $105,000 for the pesticides program is requested
to support four regional training conferences for State and local
officials and local pest control operators.
Forty-eight States have enacted some form of legislative control
of pesticides, patterned after the Uniform State Insecticide, Fungicide,
and Rodenticide Act, EPA provides technical assistance to these
State programs through consultation to improve the States' laboratory
capabilities; technical advice concerning special pesticide problems;
and training conferences to upgrade the competence of State and local
personnel.
In 1971, about 1,000 persons were provided training by the EPA
Atlanta laboratory and the State pesticide projects. More formalized
training is planned for 1972 at four regional training conferences which
will be structured to improve knowledge and methods of enforcing pesticide
standards.
AC 5-6
-------
Fourteen State pesticide projects were in operation in 1971 and
will be continued in 1972. The projects carry out State-wide evaluations
of existing and potential pesticide problems; stimulate and assist
State and local pesticide activities; evaluate State laboratory
competencies; provide advice and informal training to State and local
personnel; and assist in investigations of serious pesticide episodes.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Estuarine and oceanographic
studies $755,000 $7553000 ...
EPA's oceanographic and estuarine program encompasses the collection,
assimilatipn, and dissemination of water quality> water use, and associated
data pertaining to the Nation's estuarine and coastal zones and the Great
Lakes. This information is utilized by EPA and is made available to State,
local, and other Federal agencies for coastal zone management planning,
for assessing the water quality impact of proposed coastal-zone development
activities, and for other purposes.
No increase is requested for the estuarine and oceanographic program
in 1972.
In 1971, a start was made in the collection and assimilation of
Great Lakes data, the incorporation into the system of historical
information available from other sources, and the provision of assistance
to State agencies engaged in coastal zone management planning. In addition,
an annual report was .initiated summarizing current coastal zone pollution
problems, related technological developments, and control measures.
In 1972, the data base for the information system will be expanded,
especially in coverage of the Great Lakes. Particular attention will
be devoted to consolidation and automation of information on dredging
and filling and to the collection of information on other physical
modifications and salt water intrusions. Assistance to States for
developing coastal zone management plans will be greatly expanded and
a small-scale coastal pollution monitoring network will be initiated,
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Oil and hazardous materials $1,335,000 $2,034,000 $699,000
The oil and hazardous materials program is carried out by EPA in
cooperation with the Department of Transportation and other Federal
agenciess pursuant to Executive Order 11548.
AC 5-7
-------
An increase of $699,000 is requested for this program to promote
and assist the development and implementation of regional and local
contingency plans to prevent and clean up accidental spills and
discharges.
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, requires that
the Agency establish effective regulations for the control, cleanup, and
prevention of oil and hazardous materials spills, provide adequate Federal
response to implement cleanup of spills when the responsible party fails
to act, and assist Federal, State, and local agencies in developing
contingency plans, response capabilities, and prevention programs.
Dumping and accidental spilling of oil and other hazardous materials
continue to increase and constitute major pollution threats to the water
resources of the Nation. EPA seeks to prevent spills from occurring as
well as to control those that do occur. During 1971, EPA has promulgated
regulations designating hazardous materials and will promulgate and
implement regulations on procedures, methods, and requirements for
equipment to prevent, control, and clean up spills. The National
Contingency Plan has been revised, and regional staffs are being increased
to provide response to pollution spills and to conduct post-spill surveys.
In 1972, the oil and hazardous materials program will promulgate
and implement regulations for methods and procedures to remove disch*r-
oil and develop methods to clean up hazardous substances. It will ^note
and assist the development and implementation of regional and lr _(
contingency plans and further develop a program to prevent spills. EPA's
National Contingency Plan to respond to oil and hazardous materials spills
will be supplemented by 10 regional plans covering the States within the
new regional boundaries. In addition, each State will be encouraged to
establish State and local plans.
AC 5-8
-------
Abatement and Control
Federal Activities
(dollars in thousands)
Ai r Pol 1 uti on
Noise.
Rad i ati on .... .,.....-
Sol i d Wastes
Water Qaulity
Total
Control of pollution
from Federal
f aci 1 i ti es
Air Pollution
Noise
Solid Wastes. ......
Water Quality
Environmental impact
statements .........
Air Pollution
Noise
Radiation.
Solid Wastes
Water Quality......
Federal procurement
procedures and
certification of
Federal licenses
a nd premi ts ........
Air Pollution
Water Quality
Total
Estimate herein..
Requirement for
January 1971 pay raise.
Total
197-
Pos.
26
2
19
40
142
229
(120)
16
2
37
6-5
(68)
6
19
3
40
(41)
4
37
229
1 Total
Amount
$420
10
263
276
1,876
2,845
($1 ,801
285
10
256
15250
(679)
80
263
20
316
(365)
55
310
2,845
$2,845
77
2,922
197;
Pos.
56
6
29
40
142
273
(141)
36
3
37
65
(90)
15
3
29
3
40
(42)
5
37
273
'
I Total
Amount
$1 ,680
70
467
607
2,497
5,321
($3,387)
1,125
35
560
1,667
(1.380)
415
35
467
47
416
(554)
140
414
5,321
$5 321
217
5,538
Inc
or D
Pos.
+30
+4
+10
» • •
+44
(+21)
+20
+1
(+22)
+9
+3
+10
(+1)
+1
44
rease
Decrease
Amount
+$1 ,260
+60
+204
+331
+621
+2 ,476
(+$1,586)
+840
+25
+304
+417
(+701 )
+335
+35
+204
+27
+100
(+189)
+85
+104
+2,476
$2 476
140
2,616
n !
i *f 5
I 3
Manpower Resources'.
Man-years. ,
168
269
+101 -
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Federal Activities
Purpose
Existing legislation - the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended; the Clean Air Act, as amended; the Resource Recovery Act of
1970; and the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 - augmented by
Executive Orders 11507 and 11514, mandate Federal agency activity and
leadership in the protection and enhancement of environmental quality.
Assisting Federal agencies in the prevention, control, and abatement
of pollution resulting from Federal installations and from federally
supported or federally licensed activities is a major responsibility
of EPA.
EPA programs relate to: assisting Federal agencies to meet and
comply with applicable established environmental protection standards
or guidelines and developing standards for Federal activities when
necessary; reviewing, for environmental impact, the statements of Federal
agencies about their proposed activities; establishing administrative
guidelines for contractor certification of compliance with applicable
pollution control standards; and reviewing licenses and permits issued
by Federal agencies for construction or operation of facilities which
may result in discharge of wastes into navigable waters of the United
States.
Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Control of pollution from
Federal facilities $1,844,000 $3,430,000 $1,586,000
Environmental impact statements
from Federal agencies 636,000 1,337,000 701,000
Federal procurement procedures
and certification of Federal ;
licenses and permits 365,000 554,000 189.000
Total .. 2,845,000 5.321.000 2,476,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions 229 273 44
Man-years 168 230 62
AC 6-1
-------
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Control of pollution from Federal facilities $1,586,000
- Air pollution program: to expand consultation and
technical assistance to Federal agencies with special
air pollution problems , 840,000
- Water quality program: to continue bringing Federal
facilities into compliance with applicable standards. 417,000
- Solid waste program: to continue surveys of Federal
installations and to shift to provision of technical
assistance in improving waste management practices
at Federal installations 304,000
- Noise pollution program: to plan and implement a
program of control of Federal activities resulting
in objectionable noise levels 25,000
Environmental impact statements $701,000
- To review a significantly increased number of
environmental impact statements submitted by Federal
agencies 701,000
Federal procurement procedures and certification of
Federal licenses and permits $189,000
- Air pollution program: to implement new procedures
regulating Federal procurement activities.. 85,000
- Water quality program: to continue and expand the
review and certification of applications for Federal
licenses and permits * 104,000
AC 6-2
-------
Justification
Federal facilities
1971
$1,. 844, 000
1972
$3,430,000
Increase or
Decrease
$1,586,000
Executive Order No. 11507 requires that by December 31, 1972, all
installations owned or leased by the Federal Government be in compliance
with or have under way remedial actions to bring them into conformance
with established Federal, State, and local air and water pollution
control standards. This Executive Order also requires the management
of Federal installations so as to avoid or minimize other environmental
pollution, such as radioactivity, solid wastes, discharge of wastes
that could pollute ground water, and the handling of other wastes which
could cause environmental pollution.
EPA provides consultation to Federal agencies in determining their
air, water, solid waste, and noise pollution control needs and technical
assistance in meeting established standards or guidelines and establishing
abatement and control priorities. EPA also monitors agency performance
and is responsible for the review of the Federal agency compliance plans.
Where no standards exist in a geographic area, EPA may establish air or
water quality standards for this purpose.
An increase of $840,000 is requested for the air pollution control
program to support additional positions to expand the scope and
comprehensiveness of the consultative assistance to Federal agencies
and operators of Federal facilities with special air pollution control
problems. This increase is needed to help assure that the Federal
agencies will achieve compliance with national ambient air quality
standards by the end of 1972 pursuant to Executive Order 11507.
Currently, consultation and technical assistance is being provided
to Federal agencies operating some 1,500 facilities with significant air
pollution control problems. Additionally, the annual reports required
of Federal agencies by the Office of Management and Budget on the status
of air pollution control by these agencies are being reviewed by EPA.
These same activities are planned for 1972 but with a higher intensity
of effort.
An increase of $417,000 is requested for the water quality control
program, to continue an expanded 1971 program of consultation and
technical assistance to Federal agencies .to help assure their compliance
with Executive Order 11507. The increase is to be used to support the
additional staff added in 1971.
Prior to 1971, the program emphasized the review of Federal plans
and specifications related to waste treatment. With the issuance of
Executive Order 11507, emphasis has been shifted to approval of performance
specifications and follow-up by monitoring of agency performance.
AC 6-3
-------
Additionally, technical assistance is being provided to the Federal
agencies to aid them in determining pollution control needs, establishing
abatement priorities, and designing, operating, and maintaining facilities
to meet established standards and deadlines. Finally, the abatement plans
of the agencies are being reviewed and recommendations on funding
priorities are being provided to the Office of Management and Budget.
' .
In addition to covering the waste treatment practices of the
Federal agencies, EPA reviews other activities of Federal agencies having
potential for water pollution. During 1971, the regulations, procedures,
and practices of Federal agencies involved in such diverse activities as
management of Federal lands and forests» development of oil shale
resources, development of peaceful uses of atomic energy, use of
pesticides, dredging, and construction are being reviewed and changes
are being recommended where necessary for protection or enhancement of
water quality. The increase requested is to continue these and the
foregoing activities in 1972 at the expanded level being achieved in
1971.
An increase of $304,000 is requested for the solid waste management
program to support the operations initiated in 1971 pursuant to new
authority provided by the Resource Recovery Act of 1970, This act
requires Federal agencies to comply with applicable Federal guidelines
for solid waste management at their installations. These guidelines
are being developed under another new authority provided by the Act.
The increase will support the new personnel added in 1971 to implement
this new authority.
A program to implement improvement of solid waste management
practices at Federal facilities is being initiated during the latter
half of 1971. Activities will include developing an inventory of all
solid waste management practices at Federal facilities; a more detailed
survey of selected problem installations; and technical assistance to
improve these solid waste management practices. At all times, there
will be close coordination between the solid waste guidelines effort
and the program for implementation of improved solid waste management
practices by Federal agencies.
The levels of effort to be conducted during 1971 and 1972 will be
about equal. There will be, however, a shift in emphasis from the
inventory and survey of facilities to technical assistance. Late in
1972, monitoring of performance will be added. The increase requested
is to carry out these activities in 1972.
An increase of $25,000 is requested for the noise abatement program
to implement the program pertaining to Federal agency facilities
initiated in 1971. The program provides leadership in interagency
cooperation to control noise pollution from Federal activities and
installations, in accordance with the Noise Pollution and Abatement
Act of 1970.
AC 6-4
-------
In 1971, initial consultation will be started with those Federal
agencies carrying out or sponsoring activities resulting in noise
causing public nuisance. In 1972, an action program will be initiated
to assist Federal agencies in the prevention, control, and abatement of
noise pollution from their proposed and existing facilities; to encourage,
through interagency liaison, the incorporation of noise pollution
control requirements in all their activities; and to advise them on
the adequacy and effectiveness of noise pollution control measures
and technology. The increase is requested so that implementation
of these noise abatement activities may be undertaken.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Environmental impact statements $636,000 $1.337,000 $701,000
Passage of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and
issuance of implementing Executive Order 11514 on March 5, 1970,
established a new requirement on all Federal agencies for a comprehensive
and objective evaluation of the environmental impact of proposed actions
and projects in their planning activities and decision-making processes.
In satisfying its responsibilities with regard to environmental
considerations, EPA reviews environmental impact statements of other
Federal agencies—both formally and informally--to assist in identifying
potential impacts, adverse reactions, alternatives, and critical
interrelationships in the areas of air and water pollution and solid
waste management, and the assessment of radiation technology for its
impact on the environment and human health. Recommendations resulting
from these reviews are reported to the Council on Environmental Quality.
An increase of $701,000 is requested to carry out the review of
the significant increase of impact statements expected in 1972. As
the Federal agencies begin to take full cognizance of the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969, their response is reflected in both
the numbers of the statements being prepared and the comprehensiveness—
and consequently, the complexity—of the coverage of environmental issues.
The increase is needed to handle the greater work load and to improve
the quality of review to obtain maximum effectiveness of this mechanism
for protecting against new impairments to the Nation's environment.
Of this increase, $335,000 is designated for the air program to
handle those statements having air quality considerations. Similarly,
$100,000 is designated for the water program; $27,000 for the solid
waste program; $204,000 for the radiation program; and $35,000 for the
noise program. These increases are for the full-year support of staff
added in 1971 and for the addition of staff in 1972.
It is estimated that 50 statements with air quality considerations,
250 with water quality considerations, 20 with solid waste considerations,
and 25 with radiation considerations will be reviewed in 1971. It is
AC 6-5
-------
expected that 1972 will bring an increase ranging from two- to five-fold
in the number of statements received for review and will be further
increased by statements containing noise considerations.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Federal procurement procedures
and certification of Federal
licenses and permits $365.000 $554.000 $189,000
EPA responsibilities for the prevention, control, and abatement of
pollution from federally supported or licensed activities were greatly
expanded by recent legislation: the procurement provisions of the Clean
Air Amendments of 1970, and review of permits and licenses requirements
of the Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970.
Under the Federal procurement provisions of the Clean Air Amendments
of 1970, EPA must develop procedures to ensure that all contractors for
Federal agencies are in compliance with applicable pollution control
standards. The Act includes provision for assessment of penalties for
failure to comply with standards. Under the Water Quality Improvement
Act of 1970, EPA is responsible for the review of applications for Federal
permits and licenses to assess the water quality impact of the facility
or activity for which the license or permit is being sought.
An increase of $85,000 for the Federal procurement program is
required to continue the program initiated during 1971.
Currently, during 1971, procedures establishing administrative
guidelines for contractor certification of compliance with applicable
air pollution control standards are being developed. The initial effort
is being directed at construction contracts, which number several
thousand annually. During 1972, implementation of these procedures
will begin in earnest and necessary liaison with State and Federal
agencies for rendering technical assistance and staying abreast of
problems arising from enforcement of the procedures will be put in
full force.
An increase of $104,000 is requested for the water quality program
for certification of licenses and permits. This will be used to
continue the expanded program begun in 1971.
Approximately 6,400 applications are being reviewed in 1971 —
primarily for the Corps of Engineers, Atomic Energy Commission, and
Federal Power Commission construction projects, but also for Coast
Guard, Soil Conservation Service, Forest Service, and other agency
projects. Of these applications, approximately one-third require
specific comments and suggestions for better environmental control.
AC 6-6
-------
Numerous on-site Inspections of major construction projects are required
to evaluate adherence to permit or license conditions and to provide
on-site technical assistance. In cases where public hearings are
required in conjunction with permit or license applications, regional
staff participate and testify as to water quality standards compliance.
A similar work load is anticipated for 1972. The increase is requested
to support the staff authorized in 1971 to carry out this 1972 work load.
AC 6-7
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Construction Grants Administration
—*^r*>
Purpose
To provide effective management and monitoring of the Fcdaral grants
awarded to municipal agencies for the construction of waste treatment
works, construction grants administration staffs are maintained at EPA's
headquarters and regional offices. These staffs handle the review and
processing of grant and contract payments, the review of grant applications
and construction plans and specifications, the authorizing of bid
advertising, the review of bids and contract awards, periodic inspections,
and the collateral responsibilities dealing with prevailing wage, anti-
kickback, contract work-hours standards,and civil rights requirements.
These staffs also certify the adequacy of projects for eligibility for
sewer loans and grants awarded by the Economic Development Administration
and the Department of Housing and Urban Development.
In addition to grant processing, this Agency has increased its
efforts to assure that treatment facilities constructed with Federal
assistance are properly located and planned, are well designed according
to the bestavailable technology, are adequately operated and maintained,
and are actually or potentially part of a viable, financially self-
supporting operating system.
Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Construction grants
administration. . .... $6,109,000 $8,697,000 $2,588,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions.........^... 466 556 90
Man-years..................... , 410 481 71
AC 7-1
-------
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Construction grants administration $2»588,OOP
- To provide additional administrative support for
a proposed increase in construction grants from
$1 billion in 1971 to $2 billion in 1972 29588SOQO
AC 7-2
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Construction grants administration $6,109.000 $8,697,000 $2,588,000
An increase of $2,588,000 is requested to adequately administer a
proposed expanded construction grants program. Construction grants
administration costs in 1971 were based upon an authorized spending
level of $1 billion. The increase is predicated upon a construction
grants level of $2 billion under a proposed bill to extend and amend
Section 8 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended.
Work load statistics associated with this increased program activity
are given on page AC 7-4.
In 1971, regulations were published in the Federal Register providing
the basis for greater emphasis on certain important phases of grants
administration. The regulations require adequate planning and design,
provision for adequate operation and maintenance, and an equitable cost
recovery system as a precondition to grant award. The Agency also
supplemented the regulations with "Federal Guidelines for the Design,
Operation,and Maintenance of Waste Water Treatment Facilities." These
Guidelines provide the basis requirements for the design, inspection,
and operation and maintenance of federally assisted projects.
To employ increased municipal waste treatment grants most effectively,
emphasis must be placed on optimum waste treatment works design and
incorporation into each project of measures for efficient operation and
maintenance. Therefore, the "Federal Guidelines" will be supplemented in
1972 with Technical Bulletins to provide more detailed guidance in
specific areas. The topics to be covered will include plant staffing
requirements, new advances in technology, and ways to overcome
deficiencies in present design practices. In addition to these Technical
Bulletins, emphasis will be placed on carrying on a newly initiated
Technology Transfer Program. The objective of this program is to ensure
that the technology being developed in the Agency's research, development,
and demonstration programs is translated as rapidly as possible into
actual use. In its work with applicants, the Agency will make every
effort to encourage the use of new techniques and, simultaneously, will
identify new research needs for the research and development program.
This will require an expanded effort in evaluating present design criteria
and practices and keeping abreast of new developments and trends.
Finally, 1972 operation and maintenance data will be analyzed and made
available to communities, consulting engineers, and industrial firms for
use in improving the design of plant equipment and in modifying operating
practices so that sewage treatment facilities can be operated as close to
maximum efficiency as possible. In-house expertise in solving operation
and maintenance problems will be increased and will be made available to
assist local and State personnel with exceptionally difficult cases.
AC 7-3
-------
Work Load Statistics for the Construction Grants Program
-
.yr Active projects at start of fiscal
'& year:
$
} Projects under construction....
Projects not under construction
\
Work load during fiscal year:
1
' Applications reviewed
Plans and specifications
reviewed.
j
Construction starts
} Inspections
•
Plants completed
* Performance inspections
f Sewer certifications.....
1970
Actual
2, '636
(1,504)
(1,132)
1,147
1,394
918
1,519
691
291
474
1971
Estimate
2,824
(1,658)
(1,166)
1 650
1 ,500
1 ,200
2,000
900
400
750
1972
Estimate*
3,574
(1,958)
(1,616)
2,000
1,800
1,500
3,000
1 ,100
800
750
*Based on proposed bill to extend and amend Section 8.
AC 7-4
-------
Man Power Development
-------
Manpower Development
(dollars in thousands)
1971 Total 1972
Ai r Pol 1 uti on
Radi ation.
Solid Wastec. ...........
Water Qual ity
Total
Professional, technical,
and operator training.
Air Pollution..
Radiation ,
Sol id Wastes
Water Qual i ty
Direct training and
manpower planning
Air Poll ution
Radiation
Sol id Wastes.
Water Quality
Total
Estimate herein
Requirement for
January 1971 pay raise.
Total
Manpower Resources:
Man- vears
Pos.
69
11
19
94
193
(36)
36
(157)
69
11
19
58
193
172
Amount
$6,483
1,055
1,963
9,048
18,549
($13,068)
3,600
800
990
7,678
(5,481)
2,883
255
973
1,370
18,549
$18,549
79
18,628
Pos.
69
11
19
127
226
(36)
• • a
• t •
36
(190)
69
11
19
91
226
206
Increase or
Total Decrease
Amount Pos.
$6,235 ...
1,062
1 ,628
10,056 +33
18,981 +33
($13,223) ...
3,600
800
990
7,833
(5,758) (+33)
2,635
262
638
2,223 +33
18,981 +33
$18,981
176
19,157
+34
Amount
-$248
+7
-335
+1 ,008
+432
(+$155)
• * •
« • •
+155
(+277)
-248
+7
-335
+853
+432
+$432
97
529
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Manpower Development
Purpose
The skills and abilities of professional, technical, and operator
personnel represent an essential resource in this Nation's effort to
restore and protect the environment. Presently, the qualified manpower
pool in the field of environmental protection is insufficient to meet
the expanding demand in both the private and public sectors. Additionally,
many of those presently employed in the field are undertrained; have
skills too narrowly focused; or possess educational and experience
references that are dated in terms of current technological development.
The purpose of EPA's manpower development programs is to help meet
the foregoing needs through the support and conduct of training and manpower
activities to expand the number and improve the abilities of personnel
in the environmental protection field. The training programs are directed
toward meeting needs at all levels: Federal, State, local, and private.
The training encompasses the various facets of environmental work dealing
with air, water, solid wastes, and radiation, and ranges from support
of individuals engaged in graduate studies to short-term technical
courses provided on a regional or community basis. Manpower planning
activities are being undertaken to develop estimates of manpower demand
and supply, and to provide projections of future manpower and training
needs.
Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Professional, technical, and
operator training $13,068,000 $13,223,000 $155,000
Direct training and manpower
planning 5., 481,000 5,758,000 277,000
Total 18,549,000 18,981,000 432,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions....... 193 226 33
Man-years 172 201 29
MD - 1
-------
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Professional,technical , and operator training $155,000
- Waste water treatment operator training: to continue
and expand the training of treatment plant operators
f~j and supervisory personnel and the training of
' i instructors...... 155,000
Direct training and manpower planning $277,^000
- Air pollution control short-course training: a
decrease reflecting non-recurring cost associated with
1971 equipment purchases and course development -248,000
- Water pollution control short-course training: to
develop self-sufficient training centers, to form mobile
training teams, and to initiate a correspondence training
program ...... 154,000
- Water supply personnel training: to develop course
materials in treatment technology and monitoring, and to
increase course enrollment. 190,000
- Solid waste control short-course training: to continue
at the 1971 expanded level 105,00'0
- Radiation short-course training: to continue at the
1971 level 7,000
- Water pollution control manpower planning: to develop
regional manpower planning capability, manpower
planning criteria, and the elements of an operator
certification program.. „. 5099000
- Solid waste manpower planning: a decrease resulting
from the nonrecurring costs associated with the
completion of a major portion of the manpower study
initiated in 1971 ,.......• -440,000
MD- 2
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Professional, technical, and
operator training $13,068,000 $13.223,000 $155,000
Presently, the Nation does not have enough oersonnel sufficiently
skilled and trained in the operations, techniques, and analyses necessary
for carrying out present and projected environmental protection programs
at all levels of government. With the accelerating emphasis on projects,
facilities, and studies for abating, controlling, and preventing
environmental pollution, the present shortage of trained personnel
becomes a limiting factor. This shortage might well preclude environmental
initiatives, inhibit the realization of the full potential of treatment
and control facilities, and blunt the thrust of progress that is now
under way. In response to the present manpower needs, and as ah initiative
in preparing for future requirements, EPA is undertaking the development
of a multifaceted training program in the fields of water quality, air
pollution control, solid wastes, and radiation.
The program focus is in two major areas at present: first,
university and individual student support, mainly at graduate levels,
leading to processional careers in the environmental fields; and second,
assistance to States and technical institutions to establish training
programs for operators and technical personnel.
An urgent environmental manpower need is for waste water treatment
plant operators and technicians. An estimated 7,500 presently employed
but underskilled plant operators must be retrained each year for the next
several years to improve the operation and efficiency of existing treatment
facilities. Expansion of the municipal waste treatment facilities
construction grants program to $1 billion in 1971 and, as proposed, to
$2 billion in annual funding in 1972, 1973, and 1974, requires a
complementing increase in the training of plant operators to ensure
maximum return from the investment in facilities. As.many as 25S000 new
plant operators will be needed during the first half of this decade
to operate the new and expanded facilities built under this program.
To promote an adequate level of facility operation, a number of
States at present require local governments to employ properly
certified operators. EPA's goal is to achieve mandatory certification
in each State, which will necessitate complementary training programs
in each State to instruct candidate operators and to increase the
skills of undertrained operators.
MD - 3
-------
An increase of $155,000 is requested for further development of
waste water treatment plant operator training. This increase will allow
for continuing, on a full-year basis, the effort-level reached in 1971,
and for expanding three new programs begun in 1971. These programs
are: (1) a pilot State-training grants program for water pollution
control operator training; (2) an intensive technical training program
for supervisory treatment plant and public works department personnel;
and (3) an instructor training program to support the training of
operators and supervisors.
EPA at present manages a contract, under the Manpower Development
and Training Act, which annually provides training for about 300 entry
level waste treatment plant operators drawn from the unemployed and
about 700 operators drawn from the underemployed blue-collar workers
currently employed in waste treatment plants. Twenty of the State
water pollution control agencies, plus those of Puerto Rico, the Virgin
Islands, and the District of Columbia, manage similar contracts to provide
training for an additional 2,500 each year. The three new programs will
supplement this work which will continue. First, pilot grants for State
training programs will be awarded in 20 States to design and initiate
State directed training activities and to commence development of
self-supportive State training capabilities. These will result in the
training of 700 persons. Second, a new program will be conducted under
contract at one or two advanced waste treatment plants. Supervisory
treatment plant and public works department personnel, mostly professional
engineers from middl.e-and large-si zed plants across the country 9 will
be given intensive technical training in the operation of advanced
waste treatment processes. The program will train approximately
100 individuals. Third, an instructor training program will be carried
out to support the pilot State programs and the intensive technical
training efforts. The courses will be conducted at two or three
locations to train approximately 50 personnel, mostly former treatment
plant operators who can provide the insight of practical experience.
No increase is requested for the graduate professional training
program for water quality which will continue at the current level.
Professional training grants are awarded to educational institutions
for the establishment, expansion, and continuation of graduate training
programs. EPA will encourage the institutions not only to develop
specialized water pollution control courses within multidisciplinary
curricula as before, but to consider total environment needs which may
cross and combine a number of traditional disciplines. During 1972,
88 training grants to academic institutions will be supported and
these will provide traineeships for about 930 students. In addition,
100 pre- and post-doctorate students engaged in selected research
projects are being assisted with research fellowships.
No increase is requested for the undergraduate training program
for water pollution control. The objective of this program is the
two-year technical school training of qualified high school students
as "professional" waste treatment plant operators. The 1972 funds.
MD - 4
-------
continuing at the 1971 level, are for the development of a curriculum
which will provide the training and instruction of the highly skilled
individuals needed in today's increasingly sophisticated waste treatment
plant and its associated laboratories.
No increase is requested for the 1972 air pollution control
training effort. Grants will be awarded to 57 academic institutions
in 1972 and these will support traineeships for about 935 graduate
students. In addition, research fellowships for 15 students will be
supported in 1972.
No increase is requested for the solid waste training program of
university training grants and State training grants. Support of
13 grants to universities for the training of graduate students will
be maintained and grants to six States for the training of operator
and supervisory personnel for local solid waste systems will be
provided.
No increase is requested for the radiation training grants program
in 1972. It will continue to support training of radiation specialists
and technicians, enabling agencies responsible for environmental
protection to perform a wide range of radiation studies and monitoring.
Funds are used to strengthen and extend programs of basic instruction
at selected colleges and universities and to encourage greater
enrollment by qualified students in the field of environmental
radiation. In 1971, 16 grants to colleges and universities throughout
the United States were funded. A similar number is planned for 1972.
The separate professional training grant programs for water, air
solid wastes, and radiation described above were inherited from the
several agencies combined to form EPA. These programs will be carefully
studied during the remainder of 1971 and 1972 to identify where and how
they might best be integrated into and managed as a multipurpose
environmental training program.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Direct training and
manpower planning $5,481,000 $5,758,000 $277.000
The direct training programs sponsored by EPAS principally conducted
at EPA facilities by EPA training personnel, focus on providing short-
course instruction for personnel employed in environmental-related
occupations. The courses given provide either overview summaries of
the concepts, science, and techniques for abating and preventing
MD
-------
pollution, or detailed reviews of new technological developments,
operational methods, and research findings. These courses are
offered to Federal, State, locals and private personnel who are
either just beginning their environmental careers or who need to
broaden or improve their skills in particular aspects of environmental
protection.
The manpower planning activities are directed toward developing
inventories of existing manpower and training needs in environmental
disciplines and occupations and forecasting future needs. The results
of this work are used to plan and design training and recruitment
programs and are disseminated to State and local agencies for the
same purpose.
At present, a major problem in fully achieving the designed
efficiency and effectiveness of existing pollution control facilities
is that many of the operating personnel are underskilled and undertrained.
Many of the short courses and seminars conducted under the direct
training programs concentrate on upgrading the skill level of these
present employees, thus improving the operation of present abatement
systems.
A decrease of $248,000 from the 1971 level is planned in 1972
for air pollution control short-course training. This decrease reflects
reduced costs for equipment purchases and course development; it will
not result in a decrease in the level of training. Approximately
2,400 individuals are receiving technical training in 1971, and this
number is expected to increase to 3,000 in 1972. EPA is also promoting
the development of university consortia—a grouping of academic
institutions in the same geographic area—to stimulate and sponsor
joint training programs in air pollution control. Two consortia on
air pollution have been established; one in the Research Triangle
area of Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, and the other in New England.
In 1972, four additional consortia will be formed.
An increase of $154,000 is requested in 1972 for water pollution
control short-course training. The funding will be used to develop
self-sufficient training centers, to form mobile training teams, and
to initiate a correspondence training program.
In 1971, 35 seminars, workshops, or short courses were scheduled
with an expected total enrollment of 1,625 students. In 1972,
42 seminars, workshops, or short courses are planned for approximately
the same size enrollment. In additions the training staffs are preparing
training materials to be furnished to State and local agencies in support
of their training programs.
The increase in 1972 funding will provide for the expansion of the
direct training program in three specific areas. First, learner-
centered instruction will be undertaken. Training facilities will
contain 20 to 30 individual booths, each with its own audio-visual
- 6
-------
equipment, and manuals, workbooks, programmed teaching slidetapes,
and filmstrips. Second, mobile training teams will be formed to provide
certain courses wherever needed in the United States. Third, a
correspondence training program will be initiated. The development
of material for this program will complement the materials for learner-
centered training and will provide a wide variety of subject matter
for individual study.
An increase of $190,000 is requested for water supply personnel
training. Government personnel having responsibilities for the
construction, operation, and surveillance of water supply facilities
will continue to receive short-course instruction in minimizing and
controlling pollution of water sources. In 1971, 12 short-term
courses were developed and are being presented to 240 individuals.
In 1972, additional training courses in water treatment technology,
ground water development, and surveillance will be developed and
presented to an estimated 400 individuals. Film and instruction
packages for two courses will allow their presentation by State
water supply agencies without the need for direct Federal
participation.
An increase of $105,000 is requested for short-course training
in solid waste management which will be applied to improve the skills
of professional and technical government employees in this field.
This will continue the level of effort achieved by the end of 1971.
Short-term courses include such topics as Elements of Solid Waste
Management, Sanitary Landfill Principles, and Principles of Incineration.
During 1971, a total of 26 course presentations will be made. This
number will increase to 30 in 1972 and the number of topics covered
will also increase through the addition of about four new courses on
such candidate topics as Production, Analysis and Control of Sanitary
Landfill Leachate and Gas and Passivation of Toxic Wastes, Funding
will also be utilized for course development in the areas of operator
and supervisory-level training. Sanitary landfill and incineration
will receive initial emphasis. After field testing, the training
packages will be used by the State training programs with financial
support from Federal resources.
An increase of $79000 is requested for radiological short-course
training. This will enable improvement of ongoing short™term training
for scientists, engineers, and other professional personnel in fields
concerned with environmental radiation protection. This training is
accomplished both at headquarters and in the field through short
courses such as Basic Radiological Health, Environmental Microscopy,
and Radiation Protection Guides and Dose Assessment. The objectives
of these courses are to provide specialist personnel with the most
current knowledge in the control and prevention of radiological
pollution. In 1971, to facilitate a national enrollment* a scheduled
program of courses was conducted alternately at three field laboratories
as well as at headquarters. In 1972, training activities are planned
to continue at the same level, although course modification may be
undertaken,
MD - 7
-------
The objectives of the manpower planning programs are to develop
the criteria, guidelines, and procedures for conducting comprehensive
manpower planning programs; to assist the States, local governments,
industry, and others involved in water pollution control in making
employment forecasts; and to undertake a national manpower planning
program drawing on the information supplied by the various employing
groups. The occupational skills and manpower required to meet the
existing and predicted demand will be analyzed. The manpower planning
program in 1971 and 1972 is concentrated in the areas of water quality
and solid wastes.
An increase of $509,000 is requested for water pollution control
manpower planning. This will be used to develop regional planning
capability, manpower planning criteria, and the elements of an
operator certification program. The increase in 1972 funding will
provide for the establishment of manpower planning capability in each
of the EPA regions. It is essential that specialized personnel be
available to provide assistance to State and local water pollution
control agencies, equipment manufacturers, and others in the description,
forecasting, and planning of manpower needs. Funding is also required
for contracts to develop manpower planning criteria and to conduct
special studies. The studies will facilitate the full implementation
of a comprehensive nationwide manpower planning and certification
system to cover operating personnel for municipal waste water treatment
plants and will start development of manpower planning criteria
covering other elements of the water pollution control field. The
1972 funding will continue support of development and refinement
of manpower planning criteria, guidelines, and procedures.
In 1971, an effort was initiated to develop an Operational Manpower
Planning System methods manual for water quality manpower projection
and planning to provide guidance to various concerned levels of
government. Concurrently, EPA is developing and reporting supply/
demand projections and information based upon the best available data.
These will be used in preparation of a manpower report to the Congress
as required by the Water Qaulity Improvement Act of 1970. Also in 1971,
the development of manpower planning criteria to cover waste water
collection and treatment facilities is being initiated and a continuing
system for timely generation of manpower information and consideration
of manpower factors in system design and demonstration is being
implemented. Special studies to resolve problems and improve practices
related to certification and utilization of waste water treatment plant
operators will utilize the results of these efforts as they become
available. Further in 1972, the development of guidelines for a
certification program for waste treatment,plant operators will be
undertaken, and assistance will be provided to State and other
agencies in carrying out manpower inventory, forecasting, and planning.
MD - 8
-------
A decrease of $440S000 in 1972 funding is planned for solid
waste manpower planning. This decrease will result from completion
of a major portion of the manpower study being conducted in 1971 to
meet the requirement of the Resource Recovery Act of 1970 for a
report to the Congress. This study will be completed in 1972. It
will assess the skill, requirements, and manpower needed to meet
solid waste personnel needs and will analyze methods for eliminating
gaps between demand and supply where they now exist or may develop.
MD-9
-------
Pollution
-------
Research, Development, and Demonstration
Pollution Sources and Effects
(dollars in thousands)
1971 Total
Air Pollution
Noise
Pesticides * . . .
Radiation.
Solid Wastes
Toxi c Materi al s
Water Quality.
Total
Estimate herein....
Requirement for
January 1971 pay raise.
Total -.
Manpower Resources:
Man-vears
Pos.
344
6
127
108
13
« • •
422
1,020
920
Amount
$26,198
275
5,031
2,529
1,278
23,756
59,067
$59,067
437
59,504
1972 Total
Pos.
424
6
263
123
13
20
509
1,358
1,190
Amount
$29,584
1,155
7,846
3,054
1,282
1,000
27,695
71,616
$71,616
1,079
72,695
Increase
or Decrease
Pos.
+8$
+1*36
+15
+20
+87
+338
+270
Amount
+$3,386
+880
+2,815
+525
+4
+1 ,000
+3,939
+12,549
+$12,549
+642
+13,191
jwifv*.
•i
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Research, Development, and Demonstration
Pollution Sources and Effects
Purpose
EPA's pollution sources and effects activities are concerned with
determining the effects of pollution on man, animals, plants, materials,
and the general environment; investigating natural phenomena associated
with the pollution of air, water, and land; and the development of new
and improved monitoring and analytical methods and equipment for
measuring environmental quality and waste discharges. Information
derived from these activities provides the scientific basis for the
development of water quality standards, drinking water standards, ambient
air quality standards, radiation protection standards, and other criteria
or guidelines for environmental protection. The development of new
improved monitoring analytical methods and equipment serves EPA's
monitoring, surveillance, and enforcement activities, as well as State
and local agencies.
The studies are carried out through in-house operations, contracts,
and research grants to nonprofit and academic institutions. These studies
are coordinated with other Federal agencies and organizations. For
analytical development, EPA has a principal role in standardizing and
upgrading the methods used by all agencies and organizations concerned
with pollution measurement.
. Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Pollution sources and
effects.. $59,067,000 $71,616,000 $12,549,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions 1,020 1,358 338
Man-years.... 920 1,172 . 252
ROD 1-1
-------
1971
1972
•ces and effects $59.067,000 $71,616,000 j
. ?
!
•ntly carries out a program of studies on thej fft
water pollution, solid wastes, pesticides, j
an, animals, plants, materials, and the genej
obtained by carrying out studies in laboratf ie<
rolled clinical studies on humans, by communl - "
effects of pollution at levels as it actual!
tion of adverse occurrences such as fish kil| , f
hcreased incidence of bronchities, etc., to | => i
contributor to, or the total cause of, such)
rived from these efforts is essential in devi jpi
riteria and standards which define acceptably jxp
ch can serve as the legal basis for enforcer^
are also concerned with determining the mechi ,„..
ts pass through the food chain and related eq ;ys
on derived from EPA studies on the transfer, d
ultimate fate of pollutants in air, water, and s
nderstand and predict the movement, accumulation,
breakdown of products in the environment and to c
y pose to man and his welfare.
ops new and improved sampling and analytical f "
measuring the ambient levels of pollution in f _
d the amount of pollution from various sourcej
rts are made to standardize methods to assurej ha
a is collected wherever sampling and analysis!
se of $3,386,000 for the air program is reque)
munities Health Effects Surveillance Studies j TIL.
f communities, to add a fourth group of commuj tii
2) to expand current efforts in the developmej ;
n for monitoring the emissions from stationari
(3) to initiate a comprehensive meteorologic] , ;
c chemistry study to determine the ultimate d| ™-
their pathways from source to receptor, and j
aracterization of emissions from motor vehicll fuf
their health effects. These expanded prograf ef-.
to supporting the new regulatory authorities i
Amendments of 1970: national ambient air qua) uy
formance standards for new stationary sourcesj 132
dards, and fuel and fuel additive regulations*
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Pollution sources and effects
- Air pollution program: to expand
Health Effects Surveillance Studie
development of instrumentation for
stationary sources, to initiate a
meteorological air quality, and at
chemistry study, and to expand wor
characterization of emissions fron
fuels and fuel additives and theit
- Water quality program: to expand
requirements research to support «
programs, to expand water hygiene
upgrading and monitoring of drink1
and to expand research on water qi
technology to attack lake eutropfr
waste management, and other probli
- Ocean disposal program: to initix
the effects of wastes dumped or d-
water, and to support implementat
Dumping Policy recently issued by
Environmental Quality ,
- Pesticides program: to expand sti
term hazards of pesticides in the
provide the scientific data neede
strengthen the pesticide label re
acti vi ti e.s • •
- Radiation program: to expand stu
effects of radiation to enable th
development of radiation protect!
- Noise study program: to initiate
environmental effects of noise an
to the Congress pursuant to the N
Abatement Act of 1970.
- Toxic substances program: to ini
studies to identify and measure t
impact of the most common toxic s
the environment
- Solid waste program: to allow cc
level of effort as in 1971.......
-------
; An increase of $2,389,000 for the water program is requested (1) to
"l continue and expand water quality requirements research to provide the
scientific basis for the establishment and upgrading of water quality
,r---| standards, (2) to continue and expand water hygiene research to improve
the scientific basis for upgrading and monitoring drinking water
' standards, and (3) to continue and expand research on water quality
control technology to provide methods to arrest eutrophication and
f"~j restore the quality of polluted lakes, to develop methods for handling
[ 1 wastes in cold climates, and to acquire greater knowledge about the
movement and fate of pollutants.in the environment. This work is
*-'"} designed to address current operational needs identified by the water
quality standards, enforcement, technical assistance, planning, and
other programs of EPA and the State agencies.
The current water quality requirements research effort comprises
a number of important in-house, grant, and contract studies directed
toward determining the effects of a wide variety of pollutants on
aquatic life and on municipal, industrial, agricultural, recreational,
and other water uses. Major aspects of this effort include investigations
of the toxicity of mercury, cadmium, lead, and other heavy metals;
studies of the temperature tolerances of different species of fish
and other aquatic life; investigations of the toxicity of organic
chemicals and the study of the environmental impact of various other
pollutants. During 1972, it is planned to continue the ongoing work but
intensify the research on heavy metals, temperature, and organic chemicals.
The environmental effects of these pollutants are far from completely known and
are essential to the continuing effort to revise and improve water quality
standards.
\ The water hygiene research activity encompasses studies of the
health effects of pollutants found in drinking waters and the development
of methods for monitoring the quality of drinking waters. Under the
current program, emphasis is being given to the study of viruses, organic
and toxic trace metals, and the development and testing of methods for
measuring these contaminants in drinking water supplies. In 1972, it
is planned to continue and expand these studies, giving particular
attention to the development of rapid methods for the identification
and detection of organic contaminants and to the study of the long-range
toxicity of trace concentration of organic and inorganic constituents.
The water quality control technology research effort covers a wide
array of studies dealing with those means, other.than conventional and
advanced waste treatment, for controlling and managing water quality.
Current activities include the study and development of methods5such
as algae harvesting, to control the eutrophication of and restore the
] quality of lakes; the development of methods to control thermal pollution
1 and to make beneficial uses of waste heat; the development of cold
climate waste treatment methods; and the development of information
I systems and management techniques to facilitate river basin water
i quality management. Additional activities include the development
of monitoring and analytical methods and the study of the fate and
ROD 1-5
-------
movement of pollutants in the environment. In 1972, it is planned
to continue these activities and to expand the lake eutrophication-
restoration, cold climate treatment technology, and fate-of-pollution
efforts. The increase in the first of these efforts will be in
response to the growing and critical problems of water quality
degradation in lakes throughout the Nation and the slow but significant
destruction of these valuable resources, particularly for recreation
and water supply. The expanded cold climate effort will be addressed
to completing the demonstration of and preparing the mandated report to
the Congress on sanitary waste handling facilities for Alaskan
villages. The pollution fate studies will be directed to the assessment
and control of the complex problems involving mercury, other heavy
metals, and organic chemicals.
An increase of $1,550,000 for the ocean disposal program is
requested to conduct investigations of the effects of wastes dumped
or discharged into the oceans. This increase is needed to effectively
implement the Ocean Dumping Policy issued by the Council on Environmental
Quality in October 1970. This policy calls for the early cessation of
present marine waste disposal practices and the prevention of new
practices where these practices have or potentially would have any adverse
effect on the marine environment. This increase will also support
implementation of the Administration's legislative proposal for a
regulatory program to control ocean dumping.
Much more needs to be learned about the movement, fate, and effects
of the wide variety of wastes—dredging materials, sewage sludges,
industrial wastes, demolition materials, and others—dumped into
estuarine and ocean waters. To make determinations on the rapidity with
which present practices should be phased out and on the acceptability of
the increasing number of proposals for marine waste dumping, it will be
necessary to conduct various oceanographic, water quality, and
biological studies. EPA is doing no significant amount of work in these
areas at present. Therefore, it is planned to initiate such work in 1972
to address the needs here described. Much of the work will be carried
out off New York Harbor and in other areas along the East Coast where a
great many present and potential ocean dumping problems await solution and
correction.
An increase of $2,815,000 for the pesticide program is requested
to assess the long-term hazards of pesticides in the environment and to
carry out an expanded program of studies necessary to support and
substantially strengthen the pesticide label registration and tolerance-
setting activities.
EPA's pesticide effects research program comprises studies on the
effects of pesticides on man, plants, animals, and the general environment.
The results of these studies provide the scientific basis for setting
safe tolerance levels and for determining pesticide use policy. The
program also includes specific studies to verify the toxicity of new
pesticide products and provide the bases for reviewing and approving or
disapproving applications for pesticide label registrations.
ROD 1-6
-------
' %, In 1971, the program of work includes investigations on the
physiological effects and metabolism of pesticides, the measurement
of pesticide residues in humans and various animals.and plants, and
! special analyses and studies to support court actions. For 1972,
5 studies on the toxicity and other effects of pesticides will be expanded;
A large portion of the increased resources will support activities to
f~j be carried out at the National Center for lexicological Research currently
• ] being jointly established by the Food and Drug Administration and EPA
at the Pine Bluff Arsenal facilities in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. The work
f.^ to be carried out at the Center will encompass the development of tests
to be performed by the pesticide industry in evaluating its products,
basic toxicological research, ecological research on the fate and effects
of pesticides, and comparative epidemiological research to relate the
; effects of pesticides on test animals to the effects on man. Additionally,
i in order to support and strengthen the pesticide label-registration
program, studies will be carried out on improved methods of testing the
'i effects of pesticides and residues on food, feed, crops, soil, water,
I and air.
..^ An increase of $525,000 for the radiation program is requested for
I expanding existing studies on the health effects of radiation to enable
! the development of improved radiation protection guidelines. This work
is essential if continued protection from the increasing use of nuclear
'\ energy is to be achieved.
The program encompasses experimental exposure studies and
epidemiological studies and the development of techniques and devices
for measuring and minimizing exposure to radiation. In 1971, studies
* ; are under way to determine the effects of exposure to Iodine-131 from
fall-out and therapeutic doses, to radon, and to Cesiunr-137 in milk.
; Also under way are fundamental research studies on the adverse effects
of radiation on cells and investigations on the environmental pathways
by which strontium and tritium--two hazardous radionuclides emitted by
nuclear reactors and nuclear fuel reprocessing plants--may reach man.
In 1972, these research efforts will be continued and expanded.
An increase of $880,000 for the noise program is requested to
support the studies necessary to prepare, by January 1972, the report
to the President and to the Congress1called for by the Noise Pollution
and Abatement Act of 1970.
The 1970 Act requires that EPA prepare a report on the effects of
noise from such sources as mass transportation, construction projects,
} congestion, and manufacturing activities. The report will be used to
I identify and classify the causes and sources of noise, determine effects,
and make recommendations for necessary additional legislation or other
i action. Currently, a professional staff is being recruited for planning
! and implementing the program of studies necessary to complete this report.
Before the end of 1971, a literature search will be initiated to
determine the state-of-the-art of noise control technology and to
discover, assemble, and organize all existing information on the adverse
effects of noise.
ROD 1-7
-------
In 1972, the state-of-the-art study on noise will be continued
and completed and the required report to the Congress will be prepared.
Additionally, on the basis of the knowledge gaps identified in the
state-of-the-art study, necessary research studies will be initiated on
the psychological and physiological effects of noise on humans and
wildlife, and assessments will be made concerning projected noise level
trends.
An increase of $1,000,000 for the toxic substances program is
requested to initiate a series of studies to identify and measure the
most common toxic substances found in the environment and the pathways
these follow in reaching and affecting man, in order to assess their
total environmental impact and to develop a strategy for their control.
The toxic substances program is concerned with man's total
exposure to the some 9,000 different chemical compounds which are being
produced in this country and the estimated 300 new chemicals brought into
commercial production each year. Up to now, efforts to ascertain the
the extent and effects of total exposure have been fragmented and less
than comprehensive. Currently, a staff of experts is being organized
to give special attention to developing an EPA program for dealing with
toxic substances. In 1972, this staff will develop and begin to
implement, primarily through contracts, an integrated program for
collecting information on chemical agents, identifying the most toxic
chemicals now in use, conducting studies on the pathways by which these
agents exert their adverse effect on man and his environment, and
developing testing procedures by which it is possible to ascertain
whether a given chemical has adequate margins of safety to be used
extensively. These efforts are designed to provide the basis for mounting
a much stronger attack on the control of toxic materials under existing
statutory authorities. They will also better prepare EPA for implementing the
Administration's proposed legislation, the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1971
An increase of $4,000 is requested for solid waste management to
allow continuation of the same level of effort in 1972 as in 1971.
Studies are being performed on the characteristics of solid waste, the
effluents from processing and disposal, and the effects of these effluents
on the air as well as surface and ground water.
ROD 1-8
-------
Research, Development, and Demonstration
Pollution Control Technology
(dollars in thousands)
1971 Total
Ai r Pol 1 uti on
Solid Wastes
Water Quality
Total
Mobile sources -
Air Pollution
Stationary sources -
Ai r Pol 1 uti on
Solid waste technology
Water pollution control
technology.
Total
Estimate herein
Requirement for
January 1971 pay raise.,
Total ,
Pos.
140
82
313
535
51
89
82
313
535
Amount
$28,122
11,129
38,146
77,397
$13,140
14,982
11,129
38,146
77,397
$77,397
218
77,615
1972 Total
Pos.
204
108
411
723
82
122
108
411
723
Amount
$43,361
16,302
32,760
92,423
$14,540
28,821
16,302
32,760
92,423
$92,423
531
92,954
Increase
or Decrease
Pos.
+64
+26
+98
+188
+31
+33
+26
+90
+188
Amount
4+$15,239
+5,173
-5,386
+15,026
+$1 ,400
+13,839
+5,173
-5,386
+15,026
+$15,026
+313
+15,339
t v
f
t
t
(•.
r
r
i
f
t-!~
f
Manpower Resources:
Man-years.........
435
617
+782
' ]
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Research, Development-, and Demonstration
Pollution Control Technology
Purpose
EPA's pollution control technology programs encompass research,
development, and demonstration of new and improved technology and the
study of economic incentives and other mechanisms for preventing and
abating air, water, and solid waste pollution. The objective of this
work is to assure the development and availability of fully adequate
and feasible technology for achieving compliance with established air
and water quality standards, air emission standards, solid waste
management guidelines, waste water discharge permits, and other Federal,
State, and local pollution control and environmental protection
regulations.
A major portion of the work conducted under these programs is
carried out under grants and contracts. The grant-supported work
incorporates cost-sharing, ranging from 25 to over 50 percent, by the
grantee, usually an industry but in many cases a municipality.
Demonstrations of newly developed technology are carried out principally
under cost-sharing grants, In-house research, development and studies,
and similar work conducted under transfers of funds to other Federal
agencies compose the remaining work carried out under these programs.
Included in the programs are the development and demonstration of
advanced automotive oower systems producing low air pollution emissions,
technology for preventing and controlling air pollution emissions from
stationary sources, technology for preventing, controlling and treating
waste water discharges, and technology for collecting and disposing of
solid wastes as well as recovering and recycling materials contained in
solid wastes.
Budget Authority
Mobile sources
Stationary sources
Solid waste technology.
Water pollution control
technology
Total
Manpower Resources
Permanent positions.
Man-years,
1971
$13,140,000
14,982,000
11,129,000
36,146,000
77,397*000
1971
535
435
1972
$14,540,000
28,821,000
16,302,000
32,760,000
92,423,000
1972
723
596
Increase or
Decrease
$1,400,000
13,839,000
5,173,000
-5,386,000
15,026,000
Increase or
Decrease
188
161
ROD 2-1
-------
Summary of Increases andDecreases
Mobile sources ,___ $1,400,000
- To continue the development and demonstration
of advanced automotive power systems capable
of complying with the 1975-1976 air emission
standards required by the Clean Air Amendments
of 1970.. 1,400,000
Stationary sources $13,839,000
- To continue and accelerate the research,
development, and demonstration of technology
for controlling the emissions of sulfur and
nitrogen oxides from stationary sources of air
pollution 13,839,000
Solid waste technology $5,173,000
- To complete a study and commence the
demonstration of resource recovery systems
and to conduct special studies on methods of
effecting and promoting the recovery and
recycling of materials from solid wastes, 5,173,000
Mater pollution control technology -$5,386,000
- A decrease associated with nonrecurring
costs for grants and contracts resulting
from a reorientation of the program., -5,386,000
ROD 2-2
-------
Justification
- . = -
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Mobile sources $13.140,000 $14,540,000 $1,400,000
An increase of $1,400,000 is requested to continue the development
and demonstration of advanced automotive power systems capable of complying
with the air emission standards required to be established for the 1975-1976
model-year motor vehicles by the Clean Air Amendments of 1970.
The 1975-1976 motor vehicle emission standards required by the
Amendments call for a substantial reduction in air pollutants generated
by today's automobile engines and,.consequently * will require substantial
modification of these power systems. The automobile industry is pursuing
a research and development effort to develop power and/or accessory system
to comply with the standards, but it appears to be devoting most of these
efforts to modification of the internal combustion engine. The industry
is giving must lesser attention to the development of alternative power
systems. EPA believes there is a significant probability that the internal
combustion engine cannot be sufficiently modified to meet the required
standards and therefore believes that accelerated work in the development
and demonstration of alternative power systems must be performed to
supplement the efforts of the automobile industry. For this reason,
EPA is proposing to continue its Advanced Automotive Power Systems.
Program (AAPSP) and its Federal Clean Car Incentive Program (FCCIP).
AAPSP is a five-year program within which EPA plans to develop and
fully demonstrate at fleet level at least one nonconventional power
system capable of complying with the 1975-1976 emission standards and
feasible of being mass produced, marketed, and accepted by the public.
Seven leading candidate power systems are currently under various stages
of development. For each of these, a sequential series of demonstrations
and testing are programmed: first-stage prototype; second-stage prototype
and preproduction prototype demonstration and testing. The program is
so designed that work of any one or several of these candidates can be
accelerated or discontinued at any one of the steps as determined by the
relative progress and success of the work on all of the candidates, or
as determined by the progress and success of the automobile industry's
independent efforts. In this way, it is planned to pursue, at minimum cost,
the development of those candidates having the greatest probability of
success. At the present time, each of the seven candidate power systems
being developed show promise of meeting the objectives of the program,
As further work is completed in 1972 and subsequent years, work on one or
more of these systems may be reduced or discontinued in order to
concentrate on the more promising systems.
The 1971. program of work in AAPSP encompasses the following activities.
For the light-vehicle versions of the diesel and stratified charge
engines., emission testing on experimental models is being completed to
determine key problems to be solved in 1972 to enable possible preproduction
ROD 2-3
-------
prototype demonstrations and testing in 1973. For the fly wheel/heat
engine and electric/heat engine hybrid systems, accelerated paper
design is being accomplished to permit selection of one of these systems
for initiation of hardware development in 1972. For the turbine and
Rankine engines, development of low emission combustors is being carried
out to eliminate the principal problem which has blocked several
industry-sponsored development efforts. Finally, for electric power
systems, fundamental research on battery components is being performed.
In 1972, under the increased funding requested, work on two of the
systems will be accelerated and work on the remaining systems will be
continued at the 1971 level. For the stratified charge engine,
presuming successful completion of the work currently underway, second-
stage prototype demonstration and testing will be undertaken with the
expectation that the preproductlon prototype demonstration can begin
in 1973. For the diesel engine, second-stage prototype engines will
be procured and demonstration and testing initiated late in the year.
Both of these efforts are designed to bring these engines to completion
of final fleet demonstration in 1973 and 1974.
FCCIP is a program where under EPA purchases or leases, under
contract, prototype vehicles independently developed by private
industries, and tests these vehicles for their low emission performance.
This program complements AAPSP by encouraging industry development of
nonconventional power and/or accessory systems potentially capable
of meeting the 1975-1976 emission standards. Systems being developed
by private industry and destined to be demonstrated under FCCIP are not
duplicated by Federal research, development, and demonstration under
AAPSP. (However, different versions of a system—turbine engine, for
example--may be included in AAPSP.)
Under this program three stages of testing are involved: a prototype
test (one vehicle); a demonstration test (10 vehicles); and fleet test
(about 300 vehicles). An industry which has developed a low emission
system and has been selected to enter the program, produces a prototype
vehicle for the first test. If this test is successful, it produces
vehicles for the demonstration test and so on through the fleet test.
If the fleet test proves the vehicle capable of meeting 1975-1976
emission standards and Federal safety regulations and feasible of being
commercially produced, EPA will certify the vehicle for Federal procurement-
hence the incentive feature of the program.
The program is being initiated in 1971. Some 19 proposals for
entry into the program have been received and more are expected. These
are currently being evaluated, and it is expected that about seven entries
will be selected before the end of 1971. In 1972, the testing of these
entries will commence and additional proposals will be evaluated for the
selection of several more entries. Currently, received proposals cover
diesel, turbine, hybrid, Rankine and Wankel power systems, and catalytic
and thermal accessory systems.
ROD 2-4
-------
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Stationary sources $14.982,000 $28,821.000 $13.839,000
An increase of $13,839,000 is requested to continue and accelerate
the research, development, and demonstration of technology for controlling
the emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides from stationary sources of
air pollution. This increased work is needed to make available the means
of achieving compliance with the national ambient air quality standards
currently being established for these pollutants pursuant-to the Clean
Air Amendments of 1970.
The expanded program will continue to involve cost-sharing
participation by private industry. It is expected that the program
will attract between $6 and $12 million in such participation. Also,
the program will continue to encompass the three primary approaches to
the control of sulfur and nitrogen oxides: (1) the cleaning of fuels
prior to their use to remove the precursors of air pollutants formed in
combustion; (2) the removal of pollutants from stack gases after they
are formed in the combustion process; and (3) the improvement or
alteration of the combustion and/or heat utilization processes to reduce
the amount or type of pollutants formed. These different approaches or
combinations thereof will be necessary for applications to differing sources
and for meeting differing situations in the control of the oxides of sulfur
and nitrogen.
Current work in the development of control technology for sulfur
oxides involves demonstrations of several techniques for removing these
pollutants from stack gases, pilot-scale development of two methods for
gasifying and removing sulfur from coal, and development of a fluidized-
bed combustion process to reduce the formation of sulfur oxides.
The work proposed for 1972 with the requested increased funding
will include the continuance of current work and the addition of one new
demonstration project and three new pilot-plant projects. The demonstration
project will encompass the construction and operation of a deep coal-
cleaning plant to produce a low-sulfur fuel for industrial and commercial
use. The three pilot-plant projects will include two second-generation
stack-gas cleaning processes involving two different techniques of
producing elemental sulfur as a byproduct in lieu of producting a
throw-away waste or low-valued sulfuric acid from the sulfur removed from
the stack emissions. The third pilot-plant project will also involve a
second generation stack-gas cleaning technique—one capable of
simultaneously removing particulates and nitrogen oxides in addition to
sulfur oxides.
For nitrogen oxide control, a five-year research and development
program is currently being initiated to produce the technology to reduce
1980 emissions of this pollutant to pre-1950 levels. Several projects
involving stack-gas cleaning and modified combustion techniques are presently
under way. In 1972, trials of a modified combustion method will be undertaken.
in industrial- and utility-size boilers to evaluate its feasibility. In
additions the development of one stack-gas treatment process will be carried
to the pi lot-plant stage.
ROD 2-5
-------
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Solid waste technology $11,129.000 $16.302.000 $5,173,000
An increase of $5,173,000 is requested (1) to conduct a state-of-
the-art study of current resource recovery technology, (2) to follow
this study with the commencement of demonstrations of two resource
recovery systems, and (3) to conduct special studies of the subsidies,
economic incentives, and other methods of effecting and promoting the
recovery and recycling of materials from solid wastes. This increased
work is addressed to implementing the new provisions and mandates of the
Resource Recovery Act of 1970.
Current activities in the solid waste program are primarily devoted
to the research, development, and demonstration of new and improved
technology for the collection and disposal of municipal solid wastes.
These include the development of improved incineration processes which
eliminate the generation of air pollutants, the development of more
efficient waste collection vehicles and techniques, the design of better .
landfill disposal methods, and the development of processes to reduce the
size and volume of municipal solid waste both at residential or commercial
sources as well as at central points.
Current work also includes development and demonstration of methods
to recover energy and/or materials from solid wastes both to reduce the
amount and cost of waste disposal and to conserve valuable resources. One
project underway in this area is the demonstration of a pilot-scale
incinerator/energy recovery system (called the CPU-400) which utilizes the
hot gases generated by the incineration of municipal solid wastes to produce
steam generated electric power. Other projects include the demonstration
of a system to recover paoer fibers from municipal solid wastes and another
system to recover nonferrous metals from such wastes.
In 1972, under the proposed increased program, the current lines of
control technology development and demonstrations will be continued and
will be complemented with new and additional work emphasizing resource
recovery and recycling. One aspect of this expanded activity will involve
the demonstration of full-scale systems, to recover materials or energy from
municipal solid wastes. The first step will be the conduct of a comprehensive
study of the existing as well as the developed but undemonstrated technology
currently available. This study will enable the best selection of methods
deemed ready for full-scale demonstration under actual operating conditions
within municipal solid waste management systems. The study will be followed
by the initiation of such demonstrations of two selected systems. These
demonstrations will be two to four year projects supported by Federal grants
authorized under Section 208 of the Resource Recovery Act of 1970. The
participating municipality will provide at least 25 percent of the cost of
the demonstrations. Potential candidates for demonstration are expected to
include different systems which accomplish the separation of metals and
other materials from municipal solid wastes so that they can be marketed and
thereby recycled. The projects will include the demonstration of not only
the technical feasibility but also the economic feasibility of the systems
being demonstrated.
ROD 2-6
-------
The second aspect of the expanded 1972 program will encompass several
studies of different mechanisms to promote the recycling of solid waste
materials and/or the reduced generation of solid wastes. These studies are
mandated by Section 205 of the Resource Recovery Act of 1970, and the
results of this work are required to be reported to the Congress at least
annually. Each study will involve a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of
the opportunities and practicalities of employing various tax and other
economic incentives or disincentives, subsidies, depletion allowances,
capital gains treatment, and other mechanisms, as well as resource recovery
systems to achieve the above objectives. Candidates for the studies to be
conducted in 1972 include beverage containers, paper packaging, plastics,
ferrous metals, glass, textiles, rubber, and other materials contained in
municipal solid wastes. The near- and long-term goals of these studies--
those to be conducted in 1972 as well as those to be undertaken in
subsequent years—is to develop a better national strategy for the control
of solid wastes, a strategy which includes approaches other than conventional
collection and disposal.
ROD 2-7
-------
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Water pollution control
technology $38,146,000 $32,760,000 -$5,386,000
A decrease of $5,386,000 is planned as a result of reorientation of
the program to include a greater amount of in-house work in lieu of work
conducted under grants and contracts. This reorientation is being
undertaken to improve EPA's capability to address research and development
needs arising from standards-setting, enforcement, and other operational
activities. These activities are imposing an increasing number of cases
requiring immediate, short-term research, the immediate availability of
specialized scientific personnel, and the conduct of specific field and
laboratory studies requiring research capabilities. Such needs are not
readily or easily fulfilled through grant or contract projects.
The 1971 program of work covers a wide range of projects to develop
new and improved methods of preventing, treating, or controlling waste
waters from municipal, industrial, agricultural, mining, and marine sources.
Included in these projects are full-scale demonstrations of phosphorous
removal, oxygen aeration, electrochemical chlorination, and other processes
for upgrading municipal waste water treatment technology. For industrial
waste sources, demonstrations of processes to remove color from kraft pulp
mill wastes, to provide chemical-biological treatment of joint municipal-
industrial wastes and to provide treatment of dyestuff and various organic
wastes are under way. For agricultural wastes, research on controlling
animal feedlot pollution, salinity pollution, and land run-off drainage is
being performed. To control acid mine pollution, a reverse-osmosis process
for neutralizing acid mine drainage and a self-sealing permeable plug for
closing mine entries are being developed and demonstrated. For the control
of oil pollution, several methods to remove oil from water and several
methods of preventing oil spills are under development. Finally, methods
for removing organic contaminants in the treatment of drinking waters are
being researched.
In 1972, these lines of research, development, and demonstration will
be continued with greater emphasis devoted to in-house work in lieu of grant
and contract work.
ROD 2-8
-------
10: Building Facilities
-------
Facilities
(dollars in thousands)
Faci 1 i ti es
1971 Total
Pos. Amount
1972
Pos.
Total
Amount
$28,000
Increase
or Decrease
Pos. Amount
..." +$28,000
Manpower Resources:
Man-years
.f' I J
No January 1971 pay raise requirements for this activity.
tl<
> I
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Facilities
Purpose
This activity includes two general categories of effort in support
of EPA programs. They are new facilities and repairs, improvements, and
alterations. Funds for site acquisition, planning, designing, constructing,
and the initial equipping of a new facility, when applicable, are budgeted
under this activity. Also, essential repairs, improvements, and alterations
for existing EPA facilities are included in this activity. Facility
modification or equipment which is required by virtue of a specific program
activity are budgeted under the appropriate activity of the Operations.
Research, and Facilities appropriation. Budget authority requested for
1972 is as follows:
Budget Authority
New facilities...
Repairs, improvements, and
alterati ons
1971
Increase or
1972 Decrease
... $28,000,000 $28,000,000
Total
28,000,000
28,000,000
Manpower Resources
Permanent positions,
Man-years.
1971
Increase or
1972 Decrease
F-l
-------
Summary of Increases and Decreases
New facilities , $28.000.000
- To construct an Environmental Protection Laboratory
in Cincinnati, Ohio, for multidisciplined research
of environmental problems 28,000,000
F-2
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
New facilities $28,000,000 $28,000,000
Fiscal year 1972 funds are requested for construction of an
Environmental Protection Laboratory to be located adjacent to the
University of Cincinnati in Cincinnati, Ohio. This laboratory, which
will be available in 1975, is envisioned as a facility which will
provide for multidisciplined research over the wide spectrum of
environmental problems.
As we look ahead to the research and pollution problem-solving
needs of the future, the requirement for bringing together groups
which can seek solutions from multidiscipline backgrounds and over the
total range of environmental conditions becomes apparent. A comprehensive
approach to our environmental crises requires coordinated and compatible
enforcement which must be based on criteria developed from a scientific
base. Construction of this laboratory presents a unique and timely
opportunity to consolidate small categorical efforts into an EPA prototype
multidisciplinary research laboratory to help provide this base. Related
training would also be provided from this laboratory to public and
private organizations to stimulate the rapid application of Improved
prevention and control technology.
The choice of Cincinnati as a location for such a facility was
influenced by several factors:
1= At the outset there is a reasonable core of EPA activity located
in Cincinnati. This core will permit an orderly expansion and growth to
achieve our desired end result.
2. The University of Cincinnati and its associated colleges
(including the medical college) have a significant research program
covering a wide range of environmental problems under way.
3. Prior to establishment to EPA, the need for an environmental-
oriented facility had been recognized and HEW negotiations with the City
of Cincinnati had proceeded to a point of considerable commitment on
the city's part and on the part of the Federal Government. The city
had offered, at no cost, a 20 acre site adjacent to the University of
Cincinnati and the Federal Government had informally accepted. This
action necessitated that the city, through urban renewal, condemn,
purchase, and raze properties, as needed, for this purpose. This
condemnation procedure is still under way. At the end of December 1970,
out of 188 sites involved only 40 still remain to be acquired.
F-3
-------
; ' ^ 4. Planning and design of the Cincinnati facility is expected to be
completed this spring and therefore provides an opportunity to both
ri benefit from a design effort costing some $1.4 million and shorten the time
j j for commencing the construction phase.
The facility is planned as a 356,000 gross square foot laboratory and
"""] office building which will provide facilities for research and training
., j in fields such as solid waste management, radiation, air pollution control,
and domestic and recreational water supply control. It will also house
expertise to provide technical assistance on environmental problems to
other Federal agencies, State and local governments, and the private sectors
as needed. The building has been designed for maximum flexibility,
providing approximately 200,000 net square feet of interchangeable office
j and laboratory space to accommodate changing program needs. The structure
* will provide for 750 professional, administrative, and technical personnel,
many of whom are currently employed at nine separate locations. Included in
: these are eight locations involving leases costing the Federal Government
$755,231 per year. The budget request includes $28,000,000 to construct
and initially equip this facility. It is estimated that a construction
. contract amounting to $20,500,000 will be let by the end of calendar year
1971. This will result in the facility being completed and occupied in
1975. See page F-8 for a photograph of the proposed facility.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Repairs, improvements, and
al terati o.ns
No new budget authority is requested for this purpose. It is
proposed to reprogram $1,300,000 from funds appropriated in prior years
for new facilities. These funds are available for reprogramming as a
result of decisions to defer new construction over the past several years.
Two points must be made here. First, the passage of time coupled with rising
construction costs make it impossible to proceed with these facilities as
originally funded. Second, and perhaps more important, the EPA need for
facilities must be carefully reviewed to determine a proper priority for
these activities. A major review of existing facilities is being undertaken
along with an assessment of our future needs. The results of this study
Will permit us to make reasonable recommendations with regard to EPA
facility needs.
F-4
-------
The following is a summary of funds available.
I. Water Quality:
A. Hater Pollution
Narragansett, Rhode Island.
Boston, Massachusetts......
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Jackson-Vicksburg,
Mississippi.
Columbia, Missouri"
Middle Atlantic
B. Water Hygiene:
Manchester, Washington.....
Narragansett, Rhode Island.
II. Air Pollution:
Durham, North Carolina
Available
Proposed
to be
Reprogrammed
$860,716
439,284
Total
$l,727,926a/
860,716a/
2,537,449a/
160,000b/
160,000b_/
160,000b/
l,035,000a/
1,108,000 a/
1.164,50Qb/
8,913,591 1,300,000
Revised
Availability
$1,727,926
2,098,165
160,000
160,000
160,000
1,035,000
1,108,000
1,164,500
7,613,591
It should be noted that the water quality activity reprogrammed—by
congressional consent in the past several years— $1,850,000 of funds
appropriated for a laboratory to be located in Boston, Massachusetts.
The plans and specifications for this facility were completed. However,
because of the construction moratorium, the land which was donated by the
State reverted back to the State since it was not used within the period
cited in the deed transferring the property to the Federal Government.
Therefore, if a laboratory was to be built in Boston, Massachusetts, a
new site would have to be acquired, nev^f plans and specifications designed,
and additional funds would be needed due to increased construction costs
since the estimate was made some years ago. For this reason, these funds
have been reprogrammed to meet essential repairs, improvements, and/or
alteration needs. In all cases where funds have been appropriated for
construction, they would be inadequate if decisions were made to proceed,
due to the increase in construction costs. Therefore, pending any such
decisions, it is proposed to use the balance of $860,716 from the funds
appropriated for the Boston, Massachusetts, laboratory and $439,284 of the
Ann Arbor, Michigan, laboratory funds for a total of $1,300,000.
a/ Construction
b/ Planning
F-5
-------
These funds are required for essential repairs, improvements, and
alterations to existing laboratory facilities for the following
purposes:
1. College, Alaska ......$35,000
Additional mechanical services are required for a special
purpose laboratory for the Alaska Water Laboratory.
2. Alameda, California $330,000
Storage area modifications, entrance weatherproofing and hardware,
shop and maintenance area provisions, and a fish tank enclosure are
required at the California/Nevada Basins Office. Recent consolidation of
the Salt Lake City Laboratory with the Alameda facility will provide
multidisciplinary capabilities for the Pacific Southwest region. To
accommodate this consolidation, modification of the existing facility is
required to provide additional office and laboratory space along with the
necessary associated utilities. Classroom and laboratory training
facilities are also required for presentation of training material and
instruction in biology and chemistry.
3. Athens, Georgia.......— .$40,000
Projects necessary at the Southeast Water Laboratory include
modification to a laboratory, a boat shelter/parking area, relocation of
building mechical equipment, weatherproofing, and landscaping.
4. Grosse lie, Michigan $250,000
Extensive building modifications, including installation of
utilities and partitions to provide a research and development
laboratory/office complex for Great Lakes studies in the Lake Huron Basin
Office.
5. Duluth, Minnesota. ,..» $55,000
The National Water Quality Laboratory requires a boiler and
second floor expansion of the storage structure, seal coating of drives
and parking areas, partitioning, corridor painting, and exterior electric
outlets for cold weather storage of government vehicles.
6. Edison, New Jersey.... — $90,000
Installation of suspended ceilings and lighting fixtures in
two bays, replacement of floor tile, and painting of one bay required at
the Hudson-Delaware Basin Office.
F-6
-------
7. Cincinnati. Ohio „..$150,000
The Robert A. Taft Water Research Center requires a steam
totalizer and pressure recorder, resurfacing of walls, replacement of
door hardware, installation of shop exhaust vents, suspended corridor
ceilings, solar screening, relamping, replacement of toilet hardware,
and vacuum breakers.
8. New town, Ohio ..... , $45,000
Replacement of mechanical equipment, replacement of a water
distribution system, roofing of open water storage tanks, refinishing of
parking area and drives, and painting required at the National Water
Quality Laboratory Field Station,
9. Ada, Oklahoma.., $135,000
Modification to existing unfinished space at the Robert S. Kerr
Water Research Center, Ada, Oklahoma, is required for the needs of
technical service field sampling programs, resurface the parking area,
replace the distilled water tanks, and finish the second floor of the
storage structure.
10. Corvallis, Oregon., , $35,000
Roof extension over the loading dock, laboratory floor drains,
and dechlorinators are required for the Pacific Northwest Laboratory.
11. Bears Bluff. South Carolina ,$135,000
A structure to store hazardous materials, controlled temperature
space and emergency electric power, and docking facility repairs required
at the National Marine Water Quality Laboratory Field Station.
F-7
-------
F-8
-------
Environmental Control Laboratory
Cincinnati, Ohio
Planning
Predesign planning studies ,.' $55,000
Design drawings and specifications 1,330,000 $1,385,000
Site Work
Site development. 1,100,000
Utilities 900,000 2,000,000
Structures
Basic structure. 20,500,000
Built-in laboratory facilities ..... 3,500,000 24,000,000
Iquigrnent
Initial portable equipment... , 2.000,000
Total cost 29,385,000
Less previously appropriated planning funds:
1966, for predesign planning study -100,000
1967, for design drawings and specifications.... -1,285,000
Total budget request, 1972 28,000,000
F-9
-------
Program Direction and Support
(dollars in thousands)
1971 Total
1972 Total
Increase
or Decrease
Pos.
Amount Pos.
Amount
Pos.
Amount
Program Direction
and Support
1,480 $25,998 1,666 $34,664 +186 +$8,666
Agency Management . ...
Office of Admin .......
AA for Planning and
Management
AA for Field Coord....
AA (for Standards and
Enforcement) and
General Counsel ....
AA for Research and
Monitoring
Headquarters Relocation.
Program Management
Air Pollution
Noi se
Pesticides
Radi ati on
Solid Wastes
Water Quality
Regional Management ....
Reg. I 5 Boston...
Reg, II, New York
Reg. Ill, Philadelphia
Reg. IV, Atlanta
Reg. V, Chicago
Reg. VI, Dallas
Reg. VII, Kansas City.
Reg. VIII , Denver
Reg. IX, San Francisco
Reg. X, Seattle
Regional Relocation
Total
Estimate Herein
Requirement for Jan.
1-971 Pay Raise
Total
(1 ,079)
167
811
5
71
25
(172)
53
3
16
25
34
41
(229)
23
24
23
23
22
22
22
23
24
23
1 ,480
($18,990)(
3,000
13,890
150
1,400
550
(3,908)
1,500
15
510
582
501
800
(3,100)
311
332
313
311
295
295
292
313
327
311
* t *
25,998
$25,998
584
26,582
'l,188)/(
173/
840
25
75
75
(199)
62"
V
20
25
41
48
(279)
28
29
28
28
27
27
27
28
29
28
1 666
$20,906) I
3,223
14,812
324
1 ,483
1 ,064
(2,200)
(4,614)
1,620
75
614
612
798"
895
(4,762)
477
498
479
477
461
461
458
479
495
477
(2,182)
34 664 ~-
$34,664
1 ,374
36,038
[+109)
+6
+29
+20
+4
+50
(+27)
+9
+4
+7
+7
(+50)
+5
+5
+5
+5
+5
+5
+5
+5
+5
+5
+186
(+$1,916)
+223
+922
+174
+83
+514
(+2,200)
(+706)
+120
+60
+104
+30
+297
+95
(+1 ,662)
+166
+166
+166
+166
+166
+166
+166
+166
+168
+166
(+2,182)
+8 666
+$8,666
+790
+9,456
Manpower Resources:
Man-years
' fu^jwl
1,288
1,512
+224
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Program Direction and Support
Purpose
f"~j. This activity provides for the overall leadership and direction of
L.J Environmental Protection Agency programs. Included are personnel and
support costs required for centralized agency management activities,
•"•~> including the Administrator-and immediate staff, and the five Assistant
Administrators' management level; for program management activities of the
air pollution control, water quality, solid waste management, pesticides,
radiation, and noise offices; and for regional management, including the
Regional Administrators of 10 EPA regional offices.
The offices included at these three management levels are shown in
• the organizational chart on page PDS-6.
Budget Au_th_o_rj_ty_
Agency management...
Program management..
Regional management.
Total 25,998.000 34,664,000 8,666,000
1971
$18,990,000
3,908,000
3,100,000
1972
$23,106,000
4,614,000
6,944,000
Increase or
Decrease
$4,116,000
706 ,000
3 ,844 ,000
Manpower Resources
Permanent positions:
Agency management...
Program management..
Regional management.
Man-years:
Agency management...
Program management.,
Regional management.
1971
1,480
1,079
172
229
1,288
950
150
188
1972
1 ,666
1,188
199
279
1,423
1,009
169
245
Increase or
Decrease
186
109
27
50
135
59
19
57
PDS-1
-------
Sumnary of Increasesand Decreases
Program directlon and support $8,666,000
- Strengthen agency level management , . 1S916,000
- Lease, movement, and other related
costs associated with the transfer of
EPA headquarters' to one 1 ocati on 2,200,000
- Provide additional manpower for program
management to meet increased information
and assistance requirements and for more
effective planning and program evaluation ,—... 706,000
- Build up regional level management 1,662,000
- Lease, movement, and other related
costs associated with regional offices 2,182,000
PDS-2
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Agency management $18,990,000 $23.106,000 $4,116,000
Agency management includes the top management leadership team and
the centralized agency-wide management support activities. Specific
organizational elements are: the Office of the Administrator; the
Office of Congressional Affairs; the Office of Public Affairs; the
Office of International Affairs; the Office of Equal Opportunity;
the Assistant Administrator for Planning and Management; the Assistant
Administrator for Research and Monitoring; the Assistant Administrator
(for Standards and Enforcement) and General Counsel; the Assistant
Administrator for Field Coordination; and an Assistant Administrator not
yet assigned.
A major initial consideration in structuring the Environmental
Protection Agency has been the need to organize an agency management
team while at the same time assuring that the environmental
responsibilities transferred to EPA were aggressively fulfilled.
This objective is reflected in the program direction and support
activity in two ways. First, the initial staffing of agency level
functions has been accomplished primarily through centralization
of management support activities such as accounting, budgeting,
personnel, administrative services, etc. These centralized
activities are responsible for providing support to all levels of
EPA management. The centralization approach has made the initial
EPA agency level operations possible while avoiding large-scale
recruitment of management staff. The second major theme reflected
here is that the EPA management structure will be evolutionary.
This means that, as we bring together the management team, we will
determine specific staffing requirements based on operating experience
rather than stipulate detailed organizational design in advance.
This approach recognizes the need for participation of the Assistant
Administrator management level in determining detailed organizational
design and staffing. This approach also requires considerable flexibility
in the allocation of manpower and funds during the evolutionary phase.
As we complete the centralization of management staff activities
and determine the staffing requirements for the Assistant Administrator
level, we find many instances where the manpower resources are inadequate
to perform a function. During the next year we can also expect to
find instances where the manpower resources- exceed the requirements
in some areas. As a result, it is not possible to determine specific
manpower requirements for each organizational element at this point.
The plan for 1972 involves careful management attention to the problem
of balancing manpower requirements. This will require a continuous
review of vacant positions created by attrition to ensure assignments
to priority needs. It also involves central control and allocation of
the 109 positions requested in the 1972 budget.
PDS-3
-------
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Program management $3,908,000 $4,614,000 $706,000
Program management includes personnel and support costs for top
level leadership of the water quality office, the air pollution control
office, the solid wastes management office, the radiation office, the
pesticides office, and the noise office. This activity provides the
Commissioner and immediate staff function of these offices.
To a large degree, agency level support activities have been
created by centralizing functions and personnel previously assigned
at the water quality, air pollution control, etc., levels. The
centralized staff now supports both agency level and program level
requirements serving the Commissioner responsible for those activities
directly related to program accomplishment. Generally, each Commissioner
has retained a staff capability in two areas to facilitate accomplishment
of program responsibilities. These include a small staff to assist in
the coordination of program direction who report to the Commissioner
and a program development staff to support planning of future program and
execution of the current program.
The 1972 increase for program management is directly related to the
overall growth in EPA programs. The air pollution control office will
increase the planning staff and provide for additional manpower at the
air pollution control center in Durham, North Carolina. The water quality
office will require a small increase in the planning office and in the
immediate office of the Commissioner. The solid waste management office
and the pesticides office will be increased to provide for strengthening
the program development staff.
Regional management
1971
$3,100,000
1972
$6,944,000
Increase or
Decrease
$3,844,000
The regional management activity will provide personnel and support
costs for a Regional Administrator and his immediate staff in each of the
10 regions. Regional administration will be responsible for directing
the various environmental protection activities within the boundaries of
their respective regions. These offices will require program staff to
ensure that environmental problems are attacked in a coordinated manner
and management support staff such as personnels contracting, and
housekeeping activities. The 10 EPA regions-and their boundaries are
shown on pages PDS-7 and 8.
The organizational transfer to EPA involved numerous -small groups
scattered throughout the United States which were performing, a variety
of activities in support of water quality, airs radiation, solid wastes,
and pesticides programs. One of the first conclusions within EPA was
PDS-4
-------
, that these efforts must be brought together along regional lines so
that the environmental program can be pursued in a coordinated fashion.
-, We are taking these steps. A reorganization of regional offices in the
Environmental Protection Agency's 10 regions is to take effect on
1 July ls 1971 and is expected to be completed by September 30 of this
year. Three of the nine regional offices that EPA inherited from the
"i former Federal Water Quality Administration will be transferred to new
j headquarters cities. The regional offices affected involve the moving
of personnel and activities involved in water pollution control from
••> Charlottesville, Virginia, to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; from
Cincinnati, Ohio, to Chicago, Illinois and Denver, Colorado; and from
Portland, Oregon, to Seattle, Washington.
[ In 1971 the major effort in regional management was to staff the
most critical positions and to start organizing and structuring each
regional organization in the most efficient manner possible. Existing
regional direction personnel within the water quality office regional
organization were used to the greatest extent possible but it was
apparent that additional manpower would be required to provide an
•« effective regional management. This staffing began in 1971 and
continues in 1972. Also, because of the proposed program acceleration
in 1972, additional resources are needed to meet the related administrative
management support requirements that are associated with such activities.
Increased budget authority of $1,662,000 is requested to support additional
manpower needs. In addition, the relocation and centralization necessary
to some degree in all regional cities, requires additional resources
to fund office and household moves and to cover leasing costs through
j the end of 1972. The amount being requested for this purpose is
$2,182,000.
As in the agency management area, we have provided for staffing
of regional offices in an evolutionary manner. The 1971 supplemental
request provided for 50 positions and the 1972 request for an additional
50. This will permit an average of 10 additional positions for each
region but the actual allocation will depend upon individual circumstances
such as the transfer of existing staff and rate of growth.
PDS-5
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Assistant Administrator
for
Planning and Management
Commissioner
Water Quality Office
ADMINISTRATOR
Deputy
Administrator
Assistant Administrator
(for Standards and Enforcement)
and General Counsel
Commissioner
Air Pollution Control Office
* Authorized by Reorganization Plan No. 3
of 1970 but not assigned at this time.
Aisoc. Admin, for International Affairs
Director, Congressional Affairs
Director, Public Affairs
Director, Equal Opportunity
10 Regional Administrators
Regional Off ices ol the EPA
Assistant Administrator
for
Field Coordination
Assistant Administrator
for
Research and Monitoring
Assistant Administrator *
Commissioner
Pesticides Office
Commiitioner
Radiation Office
Commissioner
Solid Waste Management Office
•n
i
91
-------
Region I Headquarters, Boston, Massachusetts
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
Region II Headquarters, NewYork, New York
New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico,
Virgin Islands
Region III Headquarters, Philadelphia, Pa.
Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia,
West Virginia, District of Columbia
Region IV Headquarters, Atlanta, Georgia
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina,
South Carolina, Tennessee
Region V Headquarters, Chicago, 111inois
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota,
Ohio, Wisconsin
Region VI Headqu a rte rs, Da11 as , Texas
Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico,
Texas, Oklahoma
Region VII Headquarters, Kansas City,Missouri
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Region VIII Headquarters,Denver, Colorado
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,
South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
Region IX Headquarters, San ^Francisco,California
Arizona, Cal i form' a, Hawai i,Nevada,
American Samoa, Guam, Trust Territories of
Pacific Islands, Wake Island
Region X Headquarters,Seattle, Washi ngton
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
PDS-7
-------
VI - Dallas
VII - Kansas City
VIII - Denver
IX - San Francisco
X - Seattle
I - Boston
II - New York
III - Philadelphia
IV - Atlanta
V - Chicago
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ASENCY
Operations, Research, and Facilities
FY 1972 Han-years
(Permanent Positions)
NOT REFLECTED IN BUDGET
Research, Development
Base
Add-ons ,.
iota!, A1r.
SOLID WASTES
Basv-
Add-ons
Total, Solid Wastes •
RADIATION
Base
Add-ons
iota], Radiation
PESTICIDES
Base..... —
;,dd-;ns
Total, Pesticides.
NOISE
Bass...,.
Add-cns, ...
Total, Hoise......
Abatement and Control
Control
Monitoring 8 Standards 8 Agency 1
Planning Surveillance Enforcement Support
77.0 147.0 41.0
42.0. 60.0
34.0
7.8
41.0
'"'.
. . .
119.0
3.0
3.0
136.0
5.4
141,4
70.0
18.6
88.6
. . .
207
14
1
16
14
3
17
319
62
381
,
.0 41.0
.9
.8
.7
.0
.0
.0
.0
.4
.4
. . ...
Construction
technical Federal Grants
Support Activities Administration Tot
327.0
3Z7.0
71.8
3.0
74.8
14.0
9.0
Z3.0
39.0
1.8
40.8
. . .
22.0
20.0
42.0
30.4
30.4
18.0
18.0
1.5
2.4
3.9
614
122
736
154
12
1 66
.;, 182
17
199
428
82
510
1
2
3
Hi
aT_ Dev
.0
.0
.0
.1
.6
.7
.0
.4
.4
.0
.8
.8
,5
.4
.9
ana Demonstration
Pollution Pollution
inpower Sources & Control D
Sent Effects Technology Total -8
66.0 331.0
47.0
BO" 3/B.u1
17.3 13. Q
17.3 ii.O
10,0 106.0
7 8
lo.O i ia..«
124.0.
81.0
4.6
- -.-;• ; 4.e>
173.0 504.0
47.0
T737JJ 551.0
80.6 93.6
12.8 12.8
93.4 lUB.t
106.0
7.8
124.0
81.0
, , . 2US . U
4.6
• °
Program
Erection
; Support
.[261.0]
[7.0]
[37.4]
[3.0]
[32.0]
[17-0]
[2.4]
M6 i \ —
L'9-4J
[2.2]
TOTAL
1,184,0
169.0
265.0
25,4
298.0
25.2
55.2.0
163.8
6.1
2.4
-------
Construction Grants
-------
Construction Grants
(dollars In thousands)
1971 Total
1972 Total
Pos.
Amount Pos.
Water,
$1,000,000
Amount
$2,000,000
No pay cost requirement in this appropriation,
Increase or
Decrease
-------
Construction Grants
Purpose
This appropriation covers the Federal grants that would be made
available to municipal, intermunicipal, State, and Interstate agencies
for the construction of waste treatment works and major interceptor
sewers under a proposed bill to extend and amend Section 8 of the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended. Section 8 of the
current Act expires on June 30S 1971, and the Agency has transmitted
to the Congress a proposed bill to extend and substantially modify the
provisions of this section of the Act.
Federal grant assistance for the construction of municipal waste
treatment works has been authorized since 1956; since that time, through
February 28, 1971, $2.2 billion of assistance has been provided for
11,397 facilities having a total cost of $9.3 billion. Over this period
both the percentages of Federal grants and the annual amount of monies
authorized and appropriated has been increased in several steps. For 1971
$1.25 billion was authorized with $1 billion being appropriated. The
current percentages of Federal assistance range between 30 and 55 percent.
In December 1970, EPA completed a comprehensive survey of the Nation's
municipal waste treatment needs. This showed the need for a national
investment of $12.0 billion through the end of 1974. Such an investment
would overcome the backlog of construction needs necessary to bring all
municipal discharges into compliance with established water quality
standards, or equivalent levels of quality where standards are not
established, and the development of self-sufficient programs at the State
and local levels for assuring the future operation, maintenance, expansion,
and replacement of treatment works. The amount of this investment takes
into account the amount of monies available from the 1970 and 1971
appropriations yet unobligated as of the completion date of the survey.
It also would provide for the reimbursement of communities and States which
have prefinanced the Federal share of eligible construction costs because
of the insufficiency of grant funds under current and prior appropriations.
The legislative proposal would authorize $2 billion for each of the
years 1972, 19739 and 1974 to provide $6 bullion for the Federal share.
The Federal share of $6 billion was calculated as follows:
(in billions)
Total requirements to meet construction needs
by end of 1974 $12.00
Estimated average Federal share, 48.5 percent... 5.82
Federal requirement for reimbursements^ 11/30/70 1.46
Total estimated Federal need by end of 1974..... 7.28
Less unobligated Federal funds 11/30/70......... 1.26
New need. .^ ,...,, 6.02
Average Federal requirement over three years..,. 2,007
CG-1
-------
This Federal share is estimated to average 48.5 percent per new
project over the three years, based on expected involvement of the States
in providing supplementary financial support and in establishing water
quality standards, both of which determine different levels of Federal
assistance. Accordingly, the appropriation request for construction
grants for 1972 is $2 billion. This is an increase of $1 billion over
the amount appropriated in 1971.
Increase or
Budget Authority 1971 1972 Decrease
Waste treatment works
construction $1,000,000,000 $2,000,000,000 $1,000,000,000
Increase or
Manpower Resources 1971 1972 Decrease
Permanent positions. ...
Man-years
CG-2
-------
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Haste treatment works construction ^ $1,000,000,000
- To assist State and local communities in
constructing needed waste treatment works
and major interceptor sewers to abate and
control water pollution and continue
reimbursing those States who have been
prefinancing the Federal share 1,000,000,000
CG-3
-------
Justification
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Waste treatment works
construction $1,000 .,000,000 $2,000,000,000 $1,000,000,000
The expanded program of grants for the construction of waste
treatment works proposed for 1972 represents the first phase of a three
year program designed to meet all presently defined municipal waste
treatment needs through 1974. The objectives are to bring water
pollution from municipalities under control by achieving a rate of
construction which will overcome the unmet backlog of needed facilities,
keep pace with needs for new facilities resulting from population growth,
and keep pace with needs to replace facilities which become obsolete
because of age, technical advancement, or population relocation, This
program is intended to bring the Nation's municipal waste discharges
into full compliance with established water quality standards, enforcement
actions, and other Federal and State requirements.
The program is based on EPA's recently completed survey of municipal
waste treatment needs. This study indicated a national waste treatment
facilities construction need of $12.0 billion by the end of 1974, based
on 1970 dollars. This figure represents an increase over the earlier
$10 billion estimate (presented in the President's Environmental Message
of February 1970) because of higher construction costs, recent modifications
of water quality standards, and refined engineering estimates. As pointed
out previously, the Federal share for this new estimate is estimated to
be $7.28 billion. Of this amount, $1.46 billion takes into consideration
reimbursements under section 8(c) of the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act, as amended, to communities that have already proceeded with the
construction of treatment plants with no grant or with less than the full,
eligible Federal grant amount. However, this $7.28 billion share is offset
by funds remaining from the 1970 and 1971 appropriations. It was realized
that the peak demand for Federal funds could occur in 1972 and 1973.
However, a constant funding level of $2 billion annually for 1972, 1973,
and 1974 is being requested for authorization in the proposed bill. The
$2 billion requested for 1972 is considered an optimum level which would
avoid a sudden drain on construction resources (with its attendent
inflationary effects) and would result in a more even distribution of the
obligation of funds over the three-year period.
This programa if carried through the three-year period, will permit
EPA to fund its national water pollution control goals, based on current
cost estimates, by the end of 1974; to provide for Federal commitment to
cover all existing and predicted reimbursement projects by the end of
1974; and to help the States and communities become self-sufficient in
providing for their waste treatment needs on a current basis.
CG-4
-------
Table A on page CG-6 presents workload statistics on the program for
1970, 1971, and 1972.
Allotmentoffumte
The existing legislation, Section 8(c), incorporates a formula which
requires the allotment of annual appropriations of grant funds among the
i j States on the basis of population (50 percent of the first $100 million
and all amounts over $100 million) and per capita income (50 percent of
the first $100 million). Public Law 91-439 which provided the $1 billion
appropriation for 1971 provided that $800 million was to be allotted
under this formula and that the remaining $200 million was to be available
for allocation to States, based on eligibility, for reimbursement or
I severe local and basinwide water pollution problems (see later discussion
on this $200 million). Columns (1) and (2), Table B on page CG-7, show
the allotment of 1970 and 1971 appropriated funds in accordance with the
formula of the current Act for $800 million for 1970 and 1971. The
additional $200 million in 1971 for reimbursement or severe local and
basinwide pollution problems will be allocated in accordance with
, prescribed regulations.
CG-5
-------
Table A
Statistics for the Construction Grants Program
Active projects at start of
fiscal year:
Projects under construction
Projects not under
construction . . .
Workload during fiscal year:
Applications reviewed......
Plans and specifications
revi ewed.
Construction starts.
Inspections
PI ants compl eted
Performance inspections
Sewer certi f i cati ons
1970
Actual
2,636
(1,504.)
(1 .132)
1 ,147
1,394
918
1,519
691
291
474
1971
Estimate
2,824
(1,658)
(1 166)
V • » I vw /
1 650
1 ,500
1 ,200
2,000
900
400
750
1972
Estimate*
3,574
(1,958)
(1 616)
\ i >u ' u /
2 ,000
1 ,800
1 ,500
3,000
1 ,100
' 800
750
*Based on proposed bill to extend and amend Section 8.
March 10, 1971 CG_6
-------
TABLE B
Allocation of Grant Funds for
Waste Treatment Works Construction
(2) Increase or
State or Territory 1970 • 1971 Decrease
Alabama $14,672,000 $14,680,000 8,000
Alaska 1,637,900 1,622,500 -15,400
Arizona 6,327,100 6,316,000 -11,100
Arkansas.... 8,599,200 8,580,800 -18,400
California 65,554,900 65,557,000 2,100
Colorado 8,072,600 8,084,200 11,600
Connecticut 11,117,600 11,117,800 200
Delaware 2,541,600 2,571,000 29,400
District of Columbia... 3,780,500 3,788,000 7,500
Florida 21,353,200 21,331,100 -22,100
Georgia 17,305,100 17,289,000 -16,100
Hawaii.. 3,398,600 3,410,900 12,300
Idaho.. 3,743,800 3,787,400 43,600
Illinois 42,287,100 42,294,100 7,000
Indiana 20,042,500 20,052,000 9,500
Iowa 12,203,800 12,221,800 18,000
Kansas 9,839,400 9,842,200 2,800
Kentucky. 13,625,800 13,609,300 -16,500
Louisiana 14,513,900 14,510,200 -3,700
Maine 4,981,500 4,994,600 13,100
Maryland 13,550,900 13,550,700 -200
Massachusetts 21,983,500 21,980,200 -3,300
Michigan. 33,033,200 33,043,400 10,200
Minnesota 14,928,100 14,930,100 2,000
Mississippi 10,377,700 10,359,900 -17,800
Missouri... 18,690,000 18,690,300 300
Montana 3,714,500 3,724,200 9,700
Nebraska 6,668,600 6,674,300 5,700
Nevada..... 1,881,900 1,888,000 6,100
New Hampshire. 3,369,200 , 3,367,200 -2,000
New Jersey 25,737,700 25,741,700 4,000
New Mexico -.... 4,958,900 4,976,300 17,400
New York... 69,938,200 69,927,900 -10,300
North Carolina 19,881,800 19,863,000 -18,800
North Dakota 3,626,400 3,632,000 5,600
CG-7
-------
State or Territory
(2) Increase or
1971 Decrease
Ohio.. 40,850,400 40,849,800 -600
Oklahoma 10,596,800 10,588,200 -8,600
Oregon 8,134,100 8,138,900 4,800
Pennsylvania. ,. 47,524,200 47,525,100 900
Rhode Island.. ,. 4,341,100 4,338,400 -2,700
South Carolina 11,028,700 11,021,800 -6,900
South Dakota 3,815,600 3,799,800 -15,800
Tennessee 15,815,700 15,814,700 -1,000
Texas 40,479,900 40,467,200 -12,700
Utah 4,655,900 4,672,900 17,000
Vermont 2,542,800 2,528,700 -14,100
Virginia .. 17,302,800 17,295,300 -7,500
Washington 12,528,700 12,536,600 7,900
West Virginia 8,798,000 8,805,000 7,000
Wisconsin 17,130,900 17,137,900 7,000
Wyoming 2,240,300 2,248,600 8,300
Guam 1,667,200 1,649,400 -17,800
Puerto Rico....... 11,085,000 11,067,200 -17,800
Virgin Islands 1,523,200 1,505.400 -17.800
Subtotal 800,000,000* 800,000,000*
Allocation for serious
water pollution
problems... ... 200,000.000 200,000,000
Total. ,. 800,000,000 1,000,000,000 200,000,000
* Although the total allocation is identical in 1970 and 1971, the
existing formula in Section 8(c) of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended, provides that per capita income of each
State is the basis for allocating a portion of the appropriation.
Therefore, a change in a State's per capita income from the
latest two years available would cause a change in their allocations
from 1970 to 1971.
March 10, 1971
CG-8
-------
Operating experience has shown that the current allotment formula
> fails to allocate monies in accordance with water pollution control needs.
J Accordingly, the proposed bill to extend and amend Section 8 provides
for a new allotment formula designed to permit a degree of flexibility in
~~} directing grant funds to areas of the Nation where they are most critically
| needed and can be most effectively used to abate municipal waste pollution,
J This new allotment formula specifies that 45 percent of each annual
appropriation would be allotted to the States on the basis of population;
that up to 20 percent of the appropriation would be allotted among those
States (see Table C on page CG-lO) which agree to pay at least 25 percent
of the cost of all projects receiving construction grants during the
fiscal year; that up to 25 percent of the appropriation would be allotted
to those States which have existing "reitobursables" for which full grants
have not been made because of lack of Federal funds under current and
prior appropriations; and that the remainder of the appropriation would
be allotted to States to meet the most serious water pollution control
problems determined by the Administrator.
Table D on page CG-11 shows how the $2 billion appropriation request
for 1972 would be allotted pursuant to the formula of the proposed bill.
The footnotes on this table define the assumptions under which these
estimates are formulated. (Although the actual allotments would be slightly
different for the reasons indicated, this table does provide a reasonably
good approximation of the distribution of funds that would be authorized.)
CG-9
-------
TABLE C
States and Territories With Eligible Financial Assistance Programs
as of March 31, 1971
Alaska
California
Connecticut
District of Columbia
Florida
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Mississippi
Missouri
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Tennessee
Vermont
Virginia
Wisconsin
Guam
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
CG-10
-------
TABLE D
Estimated Allotment of Grant Funds
For Waste Treatment Works Construction
for 197Z§/
Estimated Allocation of
zo percent!—
of Funds 25 Percent
45 Percent Based on of Funds
of Funds State Based on
State or Based on Financial Outstanding . Total
Territory Populations/ Assistance^/ Reimbursab1.es £' Funds
Alabama,... $15,045,300 ... $3,700,000 $18,745,300
Alaska 1,320,300 $815,200 1,700,000 3,835,500
Arizona*. 7,742,700 ... ... 7,742,700
Arkansas 8,401,500 .... ... 8,401,500
California., 87,163,200 53,836,400 50,000 141,049,600
Colorado... 9,642,600 ... ... 9,642,600
Connecticut 13,246,200 8,181,200 42,800,000 64,227,400
Delaware 2,394,000 .... 1,500,000 3,894,000
District of
Columbia 3,304,800 2,041,200 9,400,000 14,746,000
Florida 29,658,600 18,318,800 5,150,000 53,127,400
Georgia. 20,049,300 ... 9,250,000 29,299,300
Hawaii 3,363,300 2,077,200 ... 5,440,500
Idaho... 3,114,900 1,924,000 ... 5,038,900
Illinois ,. 48,549,600 29,987,200 10,700,000 89,236,800
Indiana..... 22,688,100 14,013,200 900,000 37,601,300
Iowa. 12,340,800 7,622,400 1,550,000 21,513,200
Kansas.. 9,825,300 ... ... 9,825,300
Kentucky 14,063,400 ... ... 14,063,400
Louisiana 15,914,700 9,829,600 ... 25,744,300
Maine... 4,340,700 2,681,200 2,950,000 9,971,900
Maryland......... 17,134,200 10,583,200 21,150,000 48,867,400
Massachusetts 24,852,600 15,350,000 650,000 40,852,600
Michigan 38,770,200 23,946,000 56,250,000 118,966,200
Minnesota .... 16,622,100 ... 8,350,000 24,972,100
Mississippi....... 9,684,000 5,981,600 3,450,000 19,115,600
Missouri......... 20,432,700 12,620,400 2,700,000 35,753,100
Montana. 3,033,900 . ... ... 3,033,900
Nebraska... 6,481,800 ... ... 6,481,800
Nevada 2,134,800 ... ... 2,134,800
New Hampshire 3,222,900 1,990,400 2,550,000 7,763,300
| • CG-11
-------
Estimated Allocation of
20 Percent
of Funds 25 Percent
45 Percent Based on of Funds
of Funds State Based on
State or Based on Financial Outstanding Total
Territory Population^/ Assistances/ Reimbursablesd/ Funds
New Jersey 31,313,700 19,340,800 17,200,000 67,854,500
New Mexico 4,437,900 2,741,200 ... 7,179,100
New York 79,464,600 49,081,200 244,500,000 373,045,800
North Carolina.. 22,200,300 ... 500,000 22,700,300
North Dakota.... 2,699,100 ... ... 2,699,100
Ohio 46,532,700 28,740,400 4,300,000 79,573,100
Oklahoma 11,179,800 ... ... 11,179,800
Oregon 9,135,900 ... 3,800,000 12,935,900
Pennsylvania 51,520,500 31,821,600 11,300,000 94,642,100
Rhode Island.... 4,149,000 2,562,400 200,000 6,911,400
South Carolina.. 11,316,600 ... 150,000 11,466,600
South Dakota 2,910,600 ... ... 2,910,600
Tennessee 17,142,300 10,588,000 7,700,000 35,430,300
Texas 48,912,300 ... ... 48,912,300
Utah 4,626,900 ... ... 4,626,900
Vermont......... 1,943,100 1,200,000 50,000 3,193,100
Virginia 20,306,700 12,542,400 1,000,000 33,849,100
Washington 14,892,300 ... 250,000 15,142,300
West Virginia... 7,619,400 ... ... 7,619,400
Wisconsin 19,299,600 11,920,000 21,100,000 52,319,600
Wyoming 1,451,700 ... ... 1,451,700
Guam 379,800 234,400 ... 614,200
Puerto Rico 11,750,400 7,258,000 3,100,000 22,108,400
Virgin Islands.. 276,300 170,400 100,000 546,700
Subtotal. 900,000,000 400,000,000 500,000,000 1,800,000,000
Allocation for
serious water
pollution
problems...... ... ... .». 200,000,000
Total.....«... 2,000,000,000£/
a/ Based on the apportionment formula contained in the proposed bill to
extend and amend Section 8 of the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act, as amended.
b/ Based on Section 8(a)(4)(A) of the proposed bill, assuming population
statistics of July 1, 1970. The July ls 1971, statistics will be
used to make the 1972 allocation.
CG-12
-------
c/ Based on Section 8(a)(4)(B) of the proposed bill, assuming eligible
State financial assistance programs in only the 31 States listed
in Table C. This assumption will change if additional States
develop eligible financial assistance programs before July 1, 1971.
d/ Based on Section 8(a)(4)(C) of the proposed bill, assuming the outstanding
reimbursables as of February 28, 1971. The actual allocation of funds
for reimbursables will be based on outstanding reimbursables as of
June 30, 1971, rather than February 28, 1971. Consequently, the
assumption used here gives only order-of-magnitude estimates.
e_/ Based on Section 8(a)(4)(D) of the proposed bill, assuming that the
full 20 percent of funds based on State financial assistance and
the full 25 percent of funds based on reimbursables are allocated
for these purposes (the proposed bill authorized amounts up to these
percentage limitations).
March 31, 1971 CG-13
-------
Federal share
Provisions of the existing legislation authorize grants not to
exceed 30 percent of the eligible costs of a project, but further
provide for (1) grants up to 40 percent in the case where the State
provides a 30 percent grant, or (2) grants up to 50 percent where the
State provides a 25 percent grant and where enforceable water quality
standards have been established, and (3) a 10 percent increase in the
amount of the grant if the project conforms with a comprehensive plan
developed for a metropolitan area. The proposed bill would slightly
modify these provisions by authorizing the same 30 percent basic grant,
but permitting (1) grants up to 40 percent where the State provides
a 25 percent grant, loan, or other type of financial assistance, or
(2) grants up to 55 percent where the State provides the same 25 percent
level of assistance and where enforceable water quality standards have
been established. As of March 31, 1971, 31 States and territories have
applicable financial assistance programs in operation and five to 10
more are expected to have such programs before the end of 1974. In
addition, Federal-State water quality standards have been established
on all interstate waters and 46 States and jurisdications have established
standards for all or portions of their intrastate waters. On the basis
of these facts and projections of additional State involvement in providing
financial assistance and establishing intrastate standards over the ensuing
three years, it is estimated that the average Federal grant share over the
life of the proposed program will be 48.5 percent. On the basis of this
estimate, the Federal share of the $12.0 billion national need for
municipal waste treatment plant construction has been placed at $5.82
billion.
Reimbursements
The Clean Water Restoration Act of 1966 (PL 89-753) amended the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act and. provided for reimbursement payments
from allotments for any fiscal year ending before June 30, 1971, for
treatment works (eligible under Section 8(c) of the Act) for which
construction was initiated after June 30, 1966, and which proceeded without
a Federal grant or with a lesser percent of the eligible construction costs
than was authorized by law. In essence, this amendment provided that any
allotments to States prior to July 1, 1971, could be used to reimburse
States and municipalities which had used their own funds, in lieu of
Federal funds, to finance projects eligible for grants.
Under this provision, the number and dollar value of reimbursable
projects and the concomitant need for reimbursement funds has increased
continuously. When the appropriations were near or below the $200 million
level in and before 1969, many States were forced to use the reimbursement
grant device to enable needed projects to move ahead in a timely fashion
without jeopardizing their future eligibility for Federal funds. After
1969, "reimbursement projects" in States having very active construction
programs were initiated at an increasing rate. Additional reimbursement
balances arose from the establishment of new State matching grant programs.
CG-14
-------
This resulted from the fact that a community was eligible for a higher
Federal grant (30-33 percent versus 50-55 percent) if the State has
adopted a matched grant program. As of February 28, 1971, there were
151 active unfunded reimbursement projects (no Federal funds obligated)
representing a Federal share of $247 million; an additional 999 projects
have been partially funded (less than full Federal entitlement obligated)
representing a Federal share of $1.3 billion. Thus, the total Federal
share (representing the total difference between actual grants made and
the total Federal eligibility) of these 1,144 active reimbursable projects
amounts to over $1.5 billion (see Table E on page CG-16).
Under the current legislation and EPA's regulations, the States
are permitted to use some or all of their annual allotment to satisfy
reimbursables. This, of course, drains monies away from new projects
which are needed to abate water pollution and achieve compliance with
water quality standards. Consequently, the States are electing to use
far less of their allotments than would be necessary to alleviate the
backlog of reimbursables within a reasonable time period. In partial
response to this, the 1971 appropriation act specified that $200 million
of the $1 billion appropriation is to be allocated to the States for
reimbursables or severe local or basinwide water pollution problems.
These funds will be allotted in accordance with prescribed regulations.
To bring about a reasonable and timely alleviation of the reimbursable
backlog, the proposed bill to extend and amend Section 8 provides for two
substantive changes in current provisions of the Act. First, reimbursable
projects initiated after June 30, 1971, would be permitted only with the
approval of the Administrator of EPA after a finding of critical need
pursuant to specific qualifications. This provision would restrict the
continuing growth of reimbursables and provide EPA with a degree of control
over their current spiralling accumulation. Secondly, the allotment
formula of the proposed bill specifically provides for the allotment
for reimbursables of up to 25 percent of each year's appropriated funds.
These allotments under the proposed $6 billion three-year program would
enable the alleviation of all currently outstanding reimbursables and
all reimbursables accumulated through the end of 1974 provided the
restrictions on new reimbursables after June 30, 1971, is placed in effect.
CG-15
-------
Table E
Outstanding Reimbursables as of 2/28/71
Unfunded
Reimbursables
Partial
Reimbursables
Total
Reimbursables
Al abama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut. . . .
Delaware
District of
Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawai i
Idaho
Ill inois
Indi ana
Iowa. ..........
Kansas
Kentucky
Lou i s i an a ......
Maine.
Maryland
Massachusetts. .
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana.
Nebraska. ......
New Hampshire. .
New Jersey. ...»
New Mexi co. . . » .
New York. ......
North Carolina.
North Dakota. ..
No.
4
1
1
o t «
3
7
1
38
2
6
1
• * «
« A a
1
18
a •» ft
1
7
20
0 * *
Amount
$3,939,090
201 ,300
47,100
• « •
26,796,710
7,703,510
6,491 ,100
33,454,912
996,500
4,923,064
138,500
* * »
93 ,500
26,082,279
t W ft
8,590,000
1,893,470
44,582,600
ft * a
No.
4
1
65
9
4
9
15
§
14
82
4
191
37
5
20
249
22
Amount
$11 ,642,980
1 ,385,370
133,677,292
4,645,755
2,573,350
8,457,620
22,401 ,080
1 ,846,430
9,013,692
66,125,029
1,981,650
175,903,639
10,449,920
"6,092,885
9,226,631
764,592,699
1,609,935
No.
4
5
1
66
9
7
16
16
38
8
6
15
82
4
192
18
37
1
12
40
249
22
« a •
Amount
$11,642,980
5,324,460
201 ,300
133,724,392
4,645,755
29,370,060
16,161 ,130
28,892,180
33,454,912
2 ,842 ,930
4,923,064
9,152,192
66,125,029
1 ,981 ,650
175,997,139
26,082,279
10,449,920
8,590,000
7,986S355
53,809,231
764,592,699
1 ,609 ,935
• V ft
CG-16
-------
Unfunded Partial Total
Reimbursables Reimbursables Reimbursables
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania...
Rhode Island...
South Carolina.
South Dakota. . .
Tennessee. .....
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Vi rginia
Washington. ....
Wes t Vi rgi ni a . .
Wisconsin. .....
Wyoming.
Guam
Puerto Ri co. . . .
Virgin Islands.
No.
3
11
2
4
• w »
8
2
2
8
• « •
Amount
3S710S483
119818S980
1 ,449 ,030
687,105
« « a
6,078,000
1 ,451,560
617,410
54,832,705
• » «
No,
22
134
H • «
7
17
2
14
5
55
5
1
Amount
9,816,600
33,965,881
• wo
545,086
17,930,230
233,700
1 ,626,350
160,440
11 ,249,382
9,862,256
305,140
No.
25
11
136
4
7
25
2
16
7
63
5
1
Amount
13,527,083
11,818,980
35,414,911
687,105
545 ,086
24,008,230
233,700
3,077,910
777,850
66,082,087
9,862,256
305,140
Total 151 246,578,908 999 1,317,321,022 1,150 1,563,899,930
March 31, 1971 CG~17
-------
Other elements of the proposed program
The two objectives of the proposed $12.0 billion national municipal
waste treatment construction program are: (1) to relieve the national
backlog of waste treatment needs by the end of 1974 and to place the
Nation's municipal wastes treatment systems on a self-sustaining basis
to handle population growth and obsolescence, and (2) to achieve the
greatest degree of cost-effectiveness in the facilities constructed
under the program in the next three years, The proposed bill includes
several modifications of current provisions of Section 8 to achieve
these objectives. In addition, EPA has placed into effect several major
changes in its regulations and administrative procedures covering the
construction grants program to address these objectives.
Provisions of the proposed bill require, among other things, that
grantees (1) provide for adequate operation and maintenance of completed
facilities; (2) provide for adequately trained management and operational
personnel; (3) provide the institutional, managerial, and financial capability
to place the system on a self-sustaining basis to provide for future
maintenance, expansion, and replacement of the facilities; and (4) provide
for the recovery of costs of facilities attributable to the treatment of
industrial wastes and further provide for a user-charge or equivalent
system to defray the operation, maintenance, expansion, and replacement
costs attributable to such wastes. Other provisions of the proposed bill
enable EPA to make a determination of the public benefits of proposed
projects and to issue regulations and guidelines to assure the adequate
cost effectiveness of facilities constructed under the program.
Actions taken recently by EPA to provide for an improved program
include (1) the issuance of regulations requiring that projects be in
conformity with river basin and regional water quality management plans;
(2) the issuance of regulations and guidelines covering projects which will
treat industrial wastes; and (3) the issuance of regulations and guidelines
governing the design, operation, and maintenance of projects. It is
intended to follow-up on these actions with increased program efforts to
aid the States and local governments in completing river basin and regional
water quality management plans; to periodically issue technical bulletins
on waste treatment plant design, operation, and maintenance; to provide
for the rapid and effective transfer of research, development, and demonstration
results on new and improved waste treatment technology into operational
practice; and to support and assist in the training of waste treatment
plant operators and other personnel. These actions, together with the
strengthened provisions of the proposed bill, are intended to assure the
best utilization of the funds herein requested for construction grants for
1972 and proposed for appropriation in the subsequent two fiscal years.
CG-18
-------
Construction Grants
Sunmary of Available Funds
(in thousands of dollars)
1970 1971 1972
Budget estimate.. $2,000,000
Transferred from other agencies... $800,000 $1,000,000
Unobligated balance available,
start of year 64,890 439,891 254,891
Unobligated balance available,
end of year..... -439,891 -254,891 -349,891
Total 424,999 1,185,000 1,905,000
March 10, 1971 CG~19
-------
Overseas Scientific Activities
-------
?&•
»«,•••> 4
',<> >
Scientific Activities Overseas
(dollars in thousands)
1971 Total
1972 Total
,'. ,.V^-"*.;..|,-
' • v ^>a«ir
'& '- II
,y, ,- ||*r
'irt:-rlv
yo ^ 5 <-sSjK <.
^ *" *?\ ^J
CtV,-/«' '
T "'¥*"*
Increase *^"( ,,v-V •
or Decrease ;|: ^>*Iv'.
,C
Pos . Amount Pos .
Air Pollution ... $3B500
Radiation ... ... ...
Solid Wastes...... ... ... ...
Water Quality
Total ... 3,500
No pay cost requirement for this appropriation
K . '
Amount
$9,435
5
500
730
10,670
•?
^ i
Pos. Amount * ^; "-:
<•. Ni\!
+$5,935 *';' ;>
+5 f t >' '
+500 V
+730 i,:-
+7,170 '<'
V
*!,'
f*
\^
'•) '
*!* •
'''j '
6
i*
^ ^ *
~r * * > ^
\ - -, l£'
t ^ ^ „ (^^"f " >
\ ,1 ,. -v' '" '^' \ :
-------
Scientific Activities Overseas
Purpose
This appropriation covers the support of valuable research, develop-
ment, and demonstration projects in foreign countries. Appropriated
funds are used to purchase the currencies of these countries which have
accrued to the United States primarily through the sale of surplus
agricultural commodities. These purchased currencies are employed to
support the projects undertaken in the participating countries. This
program is authorized by the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance
Act of 1954 and the International Health Research Act of 1960.
The program is designed to gain greater knowledge of the effects of
and means of controlling environmental pollution. Through this program,
EPA combines the talents of U. S. scientists with the expertise of foreign
specialists in collaborative work that contributes to the advancement of
the domestic mission of EPA as well as those of the participating countries
Further, this program enables EPA to study unusual or intensified
environmental conditions in the participating countries that are not
readily investigate in the U. S.
Budget Authority
1971
Air quality projects.. $3,500,000
Water quality projects
Solid waste projects
Radiation projects.
1972
$9,435,000
730,000
500,000
5.000
Total
3,500,000 10,670,000
Manpower Resources
Permanent positions.
Man-years
1971
1972
Increase or
Decrease
$5,935,000
730,000
500,000
• 5,000
7,170,000
Increase or
Decrease
SAO-1
-------
Summary of Increases and Decreases
Air quality projects $5,935.000
- to support a full scale demonstration in
Yugoslavia of a process for controlling sulfur
oxide air emissions and to support several new
projects in India, Poland, and Yugoslavia,
dealing with the effects and control of air
pol 1 utants., 5,935,000
Water quality projects ; $730,000
- to support new projects in India, Pakistan,
Poland, and Yugoslavia pertaining to the
protection and treatment of drinking water
supplies— , 730,000
Solid wastes projects , $500.000
- to support new projects in India and Pakistan
to develop better means of treating solid wastes... 500,000
Radiation projects ; $5.000
- to support a new project in India to evaluate
the effects of human exposure to high levels
of radiation 5,000
SAO-2
-------
Justification
EPA's Scientific Activities Overseas program provides full support
to foreign research, development, and demonstration projects which
supplement or complement similar efforts completed or being carried out
in the U. S. The objective of the program is to obtain results which
are useful for solving environmental problems in this country as well
as in the participating Nation and in other foreign countries. Proposals
for individual projects are carefully reviewed and negotiated with the
participating country. When approved by EPA, they are funded in the
fiscal year of approval for the total period of their operation (ranging
from one to five years but averaging about three years).
The projects, participating countries, and estimated costs herein
delineated for both 1971 and 1972 are based on project proposals which,
in many cases, have not been fully negotiated and finalized. Accordingly,
the allocation of resources and the planned work described herein are
subject to the unanticipated changes that can occur in dealing with
foreign programs.
The 1971 appropriation of $3,500,000 was justified for and is
planned to be allocated to air pollution projects only. The evaluation
and selection of project proposals has been completed but the final
negotiations and award of funds has not been completed.
The 1972 appropriation request of $10,670,000 is designed to support
projects pertaining to air, water, solid waste, and radiation pollution.
Meaningful project proposals for this amount have been received and
favorably considered in a preliminary evaluation and selection process.
Negotiations leading to the final approval and award of funds for these
projects will be commenced when the appropriation bill is enacted.
Air quality projects
1971
$3,500,000
1972
$9,435,000
Increase or
Decrease
$5,935,000
Under projects approved and initiated prior to 1971, studies are
currently being conducted in Poland on the estimation and effects of
carcinogenic material in airborne particulate matter. This work is
similar to other studies done in several countries. Its conduct in
Poland allows comparison with results obtained in somewhat different
situations. Comparison of the results from all these studies with their
differences and similarities in pollution sources, meteorology, and other
factors, permits an improved understanding of the carcinogenic properties
of urban air pollution.
In 1971, it is planned to fund new studies in Yugoslavia to
investigate lead and manganese as pollutants of the industrial and urban
atmosphere, to investigate the exposure and health status of populations
SAO-3
-------
near mines and smelters, and to develop methods for removing sulfur
dioxide from power plant stack emissions. Additionally, it is planned
to fund projects in Israel, India, and Poland for the translation of
important technical and scientific literature dealing with environmental
pollution control and to distribute this work to academic institutions
"1 and air pollution agencies in the United States.
Proposals for projects to be funded in 1972 include studies to be
---} undertaken in India and Poland dealing with the effects of lead and
, other trace metal air pollutants on man; the methodology for removing
potential air contaminants from fossil fuels; the development of methods
for odor control and removal of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from
•• flue gases; and the statistical analysis and processing of air quality
data for program control. In addition, these 1972 proposals include a
large project in Yugoslavia for a full-scale demonstration of the
Monsanto Cat-Ox sulfur oxide control process. Like the U, S., many
countries are substantially dependent on sulfur-bearing fossil fuel for
energy needs. Sulfur oxides control remains one of the major unsolved
technical problems, particularly as it relates to control of emissions
from large electric power stations. In the U. S., EPA is supporting,
in conjunction with the private sector, a commercial-sized demonstration
of the Monsanto process on a medium-sulfur coal burning plant. The
Yugoslavia demonstration would be performed with a coal of much higher
/ sulfur content. Generally, utilities in the U. S. have resisted commitment
to sulfur oxides control technology because of concern that the limited
body of performance data may not be applicable to their situation. By
proving the technique with a second test on a different—even more
pollution-prone--fuel, the potential effectiveness of the process and
motivation for its wide adoption in the U. S. will be enhanced. The
economics of the process is directly related to the sulfur-in-fuel content.
In addition, aside from chemically converting sulfur oxides in the
combustion gas to sulfuric acid, the process removes particulate matter
with a highly efficient precipitator. Thus, the process is capable of
removing simultaneously at least two of the three major pollutants
associated with combustion operations.
Water quality projects
; 1971
w » «
1972
$730,000
Increase or
Decrease
$730,000
In 1972, it is proposed that community water supply studies will be
funded in India, Yugoslavia, Pakistan, and Poland, on problems of
drinking water which have potential significance to the health of U*S,
citizens. These projects will include the development of methods
for isolating viruses from such waters; the study of the suspected
relationship of dissolved silica in drinking water to kidney disfunction;
the exploration of the fluoride-aluminum hypothesis which suggests that
aluminum may combine with fluoride 1n the water treatment process to reduce
the beneficial properties of the fluoride; and the study of the physiological
consequences of continuous use of drinking water of substandard quality.
SAO-4
-------
Solid waste
projects
1971
* * *
1972
$500,000
Increase or
Decrease
$500,000
Solid waste disposal and recycling studies are proposed for 1972 in
India and Pakistan, using the excellent scientific talents available in
.these two countries. Project proposals include recycling of animal
wastes, development of'separation methods for municipal solid wastes,
development of methods for "tagging" materials during production to
facilitate later separation from waste conglomerates, and development
of procedures for detoxification of selected hazardous materials.
Increase or
1971 1972 Decrease
Radiation projects ...... $5,000 $5,000
In 1972, it is planned to fund a study of the effects of continued
exposure to low-level radiation on the residents living along the southwest
coast of India, where the background radiation is the highest known in
the world—eight to 10 times higher than the United States average.
SAO-5
-------
Scientific Activities Overseas
Summary of Available Funds
(in thousands of dollars)
1970
Budget estimate
Transferred from other agencies
Not transferred from other agencies
Total
1971 1972
$10,670
$3,500
$244
244
3,500
10,670
March 10, 1971
SAO-6
-------
Special Analysis
-------
Special Analyses
Contents
Page
Summary of Budget Authority, Permanent Positions, and Man-Years. SA-1
Summary of Budget Authority, Obi igations, and Out!ays. SA-2
Summary of Permanent Pos itions and Man-Years SA-3
Transfers from other Federal Agencies, 1971 Budget Authority SA-5
Transfers from other Federal Agencies, 1971 Permanent Positions SA-7
1971 Budget Authority Crosswalk to Operations* Research, and Facilities Appropriation
Structure. . SA-9
Operations, Research, and Facilities—Budget Authority by Activity and Subactivity on
Partial-Year, Full-Year, and Total Basis .-. SA-11
Operations, Research, and Facilities—Budget Authority by Activity and Media on
Partial-Year, Full-Year, and Total Basis SA-13
Operations, Research, and Facilities—Total Funds Available. .... SA-15
Itetrtizations of Obi igations by Object Class . ........ SA-16
Authorizations vs. Budget Authority...... — . — ... SA-18
Listing of Facilities and Field Space. ,..., SA-21
-------
Summary of Budget Authority,
Permanent Positions, and Man-years
1970* 1971*
Operations, Research,and_FacjJ_1 ties
Budget authori ty . $203,984,000 $282,851,000
Permanent positions. 5,244 7,014
Man-years 4,248 5,662
Construction Grants
Budget authority...... .. $800,000,000 $1,000,000,000
Permanent positions..
Man-years, —
Scientific Activities Overseas
Budget authori ty. .. ... $3,500,000
Permanent positions. ...
Man-years ,
Revolving Fund
Budget authority
Permanent positions 12 12
Man-years.; 7 7
Advances and Reimbursements
Budget author! ty." . ... ...
Permanent positions , 166 166
Man-years... . — 161 161
Total, Environmental Protection Agency
Budget authori ty. "..... $1,003,984,000 $1,286,351,000
Permanent positions..,..., 5,422 7,192
Man-years 4,416 5,830
1972
$427,149,000
8,651
6,839
$2,000,000,000
$10,670,000
12
10
184
181
$2,437,819,000
8,847
7,030
*Figures shown for 1970 and 1971 are as shown in the 1972 President's Budget. Amounts for 1970 reflect
only those appropriation accounts which were transferred to EPA in their entirety. Amounts for 1971
g reflect those appropriation accounts transferred in their entirety and partial transfer (from December 2,
1, 1970 - June 30, 1971) from split appropriation accounts.
March 31, 1971
-------
Summary of
Budget Authority, Obligations, and Outlays on Full-Year
Comparable Basis with Amounts Retained by
Other Agencies Shown in Parentheses
1971
Operations. Research, and Facilities
Budget authority.. . $297,279,000
(14,428,000)
Obligations 313,208,000
(14,428,000)
Outlays 272,687,000
(16,687,000)
Construction Grants
Budget authority 1,000,000,000
Obligations , 1,185,000,000
Outl ays : 422,000,000
Scientific Activities Overseas
Budget authority 3,500,000
Obligations 3,500,000
Outlays 1,160,000
Revolving Fund
Obligations . 289,000
(68,000)
Advances and Reimbursements
Obligations 4,994,000
(1,163,000)
Outlays -160,000
Total, Environmental .Protejtlon^ Agengy
Budget authority . 1,300,779,000
(14,428,000)
Obi i gati ons 1,506,991,000
(15,659,000)
Out! ays 695,687,000
(16,687,000)
1972
$427,149,000
427,699,000
357,100,000
2,000,000,000
1,905,000,000
1,000,000,000
10,670,000
10,670,000
4,700,000
283,000
5,117,000
300,000
2,437,819,000
2,348,769,000
1,362,100,000
Increase or
Decrease
$129,870,000
114,491,000
84,413,000
1,000,000,000
720,000,000
578,000,000
7,170,000
7,170,000
3,540,000
-6,000
123,000
460,000
1,137,040,000
841,778,000
666,413,000
March 31, 1971
-------
Summary of Permanent Positions and Man-years
1971 1972
Increase or Decrease
CO
I
CO
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Abatement and Control
Planning.
Monitoring and surveillance
Standards and enforcement
Control agency support
Technical support -...-.
Federal activities
Construction grants
administration.
Manpower Development
Research, Development, and
Demonstration
Pollution sources and effects..
Pollution control technology...
Facilities
Program Direction and Support
Subtotal...
Man-years, other than permanent
positions
Total, Operations, Research, and
Facilities
Positions
3,786
297
479
1 ,340
61
914
229
466
193
1 ,555
1 ,020
535
• « •
1,480
7,014
7,014
Man-years
2,847
246
409
828
54
732
168
410
172
1,355
920
435
• • •
1,288
5,662
602
6,264
Positions
4,678
422
653
1,730
72
972
273
556
226
2,081
1 ,358
723
1,666'
8,651
8,651
Man-years
3,447
334
523
980
64
835
230
481
201
1,768
1,172
596
• • •
1 ,423
6,839
829
7^668
Positions
892
125
174
390
n
58
44
90
33
526
338
188
• • •
186
1 ,637
• • *
1,637
Man-years
600
88
114
152
10
103
62
71
29
413
252
161
135
1 ,177
227
1..404
-------
1
-PI
1971 1972 Increase or Decrease
Positions Man-years Positions Man-years Positions Man^-years
Revolving Fund
Abatement and Control, 12 7 12 10
Man-years, other than permanent
positions. . ... ...
Total, Revolving Fund .. 12 7 12 10 ... 3
Advances and Reimbursements
Abatement and Control 119 115 131 129 12 14
Manpower development.. 2 2 2 2
Research, Development and
Demonstration. — 43 42 49 48 6 6
Program Direction and Support. 2 2 2 2 ._._. ...
Subtotal 166 161 184 181 18 20
Man-years, other than permanent
positions 48 47 ^JL
Total, Advances and Reimbursements.. 166 209 184 228 18 19
Grand Total
Permanent positions and man-years. 7,192 5,830 8,847 7,030 1,655 1,200
Man-years, other than permanent
positions 650 ; 876 226
Total 7,192 6,480 8,847 7,906 1,655 1,426
March 31, 1971
-------
Transfers From Other Federal Agencies
1971 Budget Authority
(in thousands of dollars)
Budget Authority Transferred
5 Months 7 Months
Retained by Transferred
Parent Agency to EPA
OPERATIONS. RESEARCH . AND FACILITIES
Hater
Department of the Interior, Federal
Water Quality Administration
Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare, Environmental Control
Administration, Bureau of Water
Hygiene
Air Pollution
Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare, National Air Pollution
Control Administration . , .
Solid Wastes
Environmental Control Administration,
Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare, Bureau of Solid
Waste Management
Radiation
Federal Radiation Council.... ......
Pesticides
Department of the Interior, Bureau
of Commercial Fisheries-Gulf
Breeze Laboratory
Department of the Interior, Bureau
of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife...
Department of Health, Education, and
Wei fare , Food and Drug Admin ......
Department of Agriculture,
Agricultural Research Services
$1,135
1,135
3,771
3,771
2,729
2,679
50
4,826
204
92
1 ,801
2.729
$1,573
1,573
13.865
13,865
4,323
4,232
91
11,373
216
88
7,424
3.645
Agencies
Transferred
in Entirety Total
$120,000 $121,573
120,000 120,000
1,573
107,688 107,688
107,688 107,688
... 13,865
.... 13,865
150 4,473
4,232
91
150 150
11,373
216
88
7,424
' ... 3.645
Abatement Research, Program
and Manpower Development, Direction
Control Development and Demonstration and Support
$44,377
43,554
823
44.006
44,006
2,262
2,262
1,933
1,692
91
150
8,307
88
4,698
3.5?]
$8,958
8,940
18
6.296
6,296
1.159
1,159
847
847
• * •
...
$60,784
60.052
732
50,576
50,576
9,954
9,954
1 ,314
1 ,314
2,755
216
2,539
$7,454
7,454
6,810
6,810
490
490
379
• « •
311
187
194
-------
Budget Authority Transferred
6 Months 7 Months Agencies
Retained by Transferred Transferred
Parent Agency to EPA In Entirety Total
Abatement Research, Program
and Manpower Development. Direction
Control Development and Demonstration and Support
Facilities
Program Direction and Support
1,967
J.892.
4,477 6,369
6,369
EnvironmentaI Health Service,
Office of the Administrator....,,
Environmental Control
Administration, Office of the
Commi ssi oner ..
Department of the Interior, Office
of the Secretary
Department of the Interior, Office
of the Solicitor.
Dep»rtment of Health, Education,
and Welfare, Office of the
General Counsel
Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare, Office of the
Assistant Secretary, Health
and Scientific Affairs.
Department of Agriculture, Office
of the General Counsel...........
Department of Agriculture, Office
of the Inspector General
Subtotal
Pay Cost Supplemental........
Total, Operations, Research,
and Facilities
Scientific Activities Overseas.......
in
f Construction Grants
0%
Total, Environmental
Protection Agency
March 31, 1971
1,545
213
161
19
13
14,428
-233
1,503
303
233
36
24
13
13
4,477
4,244
1,503
303
233
36
24
13
13
14,428 33,026 232,315 265,341 100,885 17,260
1,502 3,008 4.510 2,190 154
125,383
1,240
14,428 34,528 235,323 269,851
3,500 3,500
... 1.000.000 1.000.000
103,075 17,414
126,623
34,528 1,238,823 1,273,351
4,244
1,503
303
233
36
24
13
13
21,813
926
22,739
-------
*•»"--'
Transfers From Other Federal Agencies
1971 Permanent Positions
Operati ons, Research, and Facj1i11es
Air Pollution
Department of Health, Education,and We 1 fare,
National Air Pollution Control Administration
Pestjcjde-s t
De^ariSent"bf the Interior, Bureau of CommercialFisheries -
Gulf Breeze Laboratory
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Sports Fisheries and
Wildlife
Department of Health, Education and Welfare - Food and Drug
Administration..,..
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
Radiation
Radiological Health .".".
Atomic Energy Coomission
Federal Radiation Council
Solid Hastes _
Department of Health, Education and Welfare - Bureau of
Sol 1 d Waste Management
Mater ;i:m
l^paP^nt, Of theinterior - Federal Water Quality
Administration ...
Department of Health, Education and Welfare - Environmental
Control Administration - Bureau of Water Hygiene
Positions
Transferred
Total
1,261
Abatement
and Control
497
Manpower
Development
69
Research,
Development and
Demonstration
J5JL
Program
Direction
and Support
245
1,261
586
497
441
69
450
127
245
18
25
201
352
328
97
336
187
25
91
11
108
13
5
22
311
6
4
206
177
6
4
85
12
108
81
28
206
3,153
85
1.776
12
94
81
735
28
548
2,973
180
1,687
89
88
6
650
85
548
Facilities
-------
Program Direction and Support
Environmental Health Service - Office of the Administrator —
Environmental Control Administration - Office of the
Department of the Interior - Office of the Secretary
Department of Health, Education and Welfare - Office of the
Department of Health, Education and Welfare - Office of the
Assistant Secretary - Health and Scientific Affairs.... .
Department of Agriculture - Office of the General Counsel
. Department of Agriculture - Office of the Inspector General...
Positions
Transferred Abatement Manpower
Total and Control Development
505
226 ... ....
21 5
28
26
2
4
3 ...
Research Program
Development and Direction
Demonstration and Support
505
226
215
28
26
2
1
4
3
Total, Operations, Research, and Facilities 5,039
2,986
186
1,501
1 ,366
Revolving Fund
Advances and Reimbursements
Allocation from Department of State.
12
166
6
March 31, 1971
-------
1971 Budget Authority Crosswalk To
Operations, Research, and Facilities Appropriation Structure
(in thousands of dollars)
Agency and Apjiropriation Title
Federal Water Quality Administration
Pollution Control Operations and
Research....................
Buildings and Facilities
National Air Pollution Control
Administration
Air Pollution Control.
Solid Hastes
Environmental Control
Retained by Parent Agency,
Pesticides
Food and Drug Control
Management and Investigation of ..
Resources
Consolidated Working Fund
Salartes and Expenses
Retained by Parent Agencies
Radiation
Environmental Control..
Atomic Energy Coranisslon
Federal Radi atlon Counci1
Retained by Parent Agencies..
Mater Hygiene
Environmental Control..............
Retained by Parent Agency,.........
Abatement
and
Control
$43,554
44,006
2,262
U105
4,698
3,521
2,445
1,692
91
150
1,309
823
595
Manpower
Development
$8,940
6,296
1,159
145
847
324
18
17
Research,
Development,&
Demonstration
$60,052
50,576
9,954
2,168
2,539
216
2,157
1,314
946
732
523
Program
Direction and
Facilities Support
490
353
187
124
224
379
* *. •
150
Total
$7,454 $120,000
6,810 107,688
13,865
3,771
7,424
88
216
3,645
4,826
4,232
91
150
2,729
1,573
1,135
-------
Abatement Research, Program
and Manpower Development, & Direction and
Control Development Demonstration Facilities Support Total
Other
Environmental Health Service - Office of
the Administrator *....... ... ... ... ... 4,244 4,244
Environmental Control Administration -
Office of the Commissioner - Environmental
Control ... .., ... ... 1,503 1,503
Interior - Office of Secretary; Office of
Solicitor - Salaries and Expenses. ... ... ... ... 536 536
Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare - Food and Drug Administration -
Office of General Counsel - Departmental
Management ... ... ... ... 36 36
Department of Health, Education and
Welfare - Food and Drug Administration -
Office, of Assistant Secretary for Health and
Scientific Affairs - Departmental Management., ... ... ... ... 24 24
Agriculture - Office of General Counsel -
Salaries and Expenses. -.».» ... ... ... ... 13 13
Agriculture - Office of Inspector General -
Salaries and Expenses.... ... ... ... ... 13 13
Retained by Parent Agencies ., ... ... ... ... 1,967 1,967
Pay Raise 2.190 154 1.240 ._._. 926 4.510
Total 103,075 17,414 126,623 ... 22,739 269,851
Retained by Parent Agencies...... 5,454 486 5,794 ... 2,694 14,428
I
o
March 31, 1971
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Budget Authority by Activity and Subactivity
1970-1971-1972
on Partial-year, Full-year, and Total Basis
(in thousands of dollars)
Amounts Not
Transferred
to EPA
Abatement and Control
Grants ....................
Di rect operations
Monitoring and surveillance
Standards and enforcement..
Control agency support
Grants
Technical support.
Federal activities
Construction grants
administration.
Manpower Development
Grants.
Di rect ope rati ons
Research, Development, and
Demonstration
Pollution sources and
effects ................. . ,
Grants and contracts .....
DI rect operations
Pollution control technology
Grants and contracts. ....
D1 rect ooerati ons ........
1970
$17,362
1
(1
6
5
3
1
'I
16
7
(2
(4
9
1?
,989
,490)
(499)
,023
,567
,498
285
j.877
,41b
462
,507
,478
,969)
,509)
,029
,609)
.420)
1971
$5,454
666
(461 )
(205)
1,674
1,862
1,129
123
486
180
306
5,794
3,763
(1,236)
(2,527)
2,031
(1,470)
(561
1970
$73,990
6,355
(1,782)
(4,573)
6,475
9,497
35,826
(35,175)
(651)
10,069
1,468
4,300
1 1 ,722
7,846
3,876
99,893
37,505
(20,887)
(16,618)
62,388
(49,253)
(13,135)
EPA
Budget Authority
1971
Pay Cost
1971 Supplemental
$108,624 $2,190
10,646
(3,699)
(6,947)
12,067
17,869
41,433
(40,200)
(1,233)
18,077
2,655
5,877
17,909
12,393
5,516
129,430
54,529
(29,529)
(25,000)
74,901
(60,510)
(14,391
229
(229)
349
690
42
(42)
581
67
232
154
154
1.240
775
(775)
465
(465)
Total
1971
$110,814
10,875
3,699)
(7,176)
12,416
18,559
41 ,475
(40,200)
(1 ,275)
18,658
2,722
6,109
18.063
12,393
5,670
130,670
55,304
(29,529)
(25,775)
75,366
(60,510)
(14,856)
1972
$181,465
24,584
(7,915)
(16,669)
17,699
40,757
59 ,420
(57,900)
(1,520)
24,987
5,321
8,697
18,981
12,121
6,860
164,039
71 ,616
(38,831)
(32,785)
92,423
(71,392)
21,031
f9?o
$91 ,352
8,344
(3,272)
(5,072)
12,498
15,064
35,826
(35,175)
(651)
13,567
1 ,753
4,300
13,599
9,261
4,338
116,400
44,983
(23,856)
(21,127)
71 ,417
(56,862)
(14,555)
Total
1971
$116,268
11,541
(4,160)
(7,381)
14,090
20,421
41 ,475
(40,200)
(1,275)
19,787
2,845
6,109
18.549
12,573
5,976
136,464
59,067
(30,765)
(28,302)
77,397
(61 ,980)
15,417
19^2
$181 ,465
24,584
(7,915)
(16,669)
17,699
40,757
59,420
(57,900)
(1,520)
24,987
5,321
8,697
18,981
12,121
6,860
164,039
71 ,616
(38,831)
(32,785)
92,423
(71 ,392)
21,031
-------
Amounts Not
Transferred
to EPA
1970
1971
Facilities
1970
EPA Budget Authority
jgget
TS7T
1971
Pay Cost
Supplemental
Total
1971
1972
28,000
Total
T9TT
1972
28.000
Program Direction and Support
6.095 2.694 18.379
22.378
926 23.304 34.664 24.474
25.998 34.664
Total.... » 41,841 14,428 203,984 278,341
4,510 282,851 427,149 245,825 297,279 427,149
ts>
March 31, 1971
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Budget Authority by Activity and Media
on Partial-year, Full-year, and Total Basis
(in thousands of dollars)
Amounts Not
Transferred
to EPA
Abatement and Control
Noise
Pes ti ci des
Radi ati on -, . . , .
Sol id Wastes.
Water
Manpower Development
Radi ati on. ,,,.,,,,,,.,,,,,
Sol i d Was tes
Research, Development, and Demonstration
Ai r
Noise .-.
Pes ti ci des ....
Radi ati on
Sol i d Wastes
Toxic Materials
Water, ,
Facilities
Program, Direction and Support
1970
$17,362
9,690
2,715
3,609
1,348
1,877
937
740
200
16,507
2,708
2,437
10,147
1,215
6,095
T97T
$5,454
2,445
1 ,309
1,105
595
486
324
145
17
5,794
2,157
946
2,168
523
2,694
EPA Budqet AuthoHtv
1970
$ 73,990
37,267
132
36,591
11,722
5,503
6,219
99,893
61 ,953
37,940
18,379
1971
$108,624
47,720
10
8,307
1,865
4,045
46,677
1 7,909
6,431
712
1 ,808
8,958
129,430
53,927
275
2,755
1,517
10,172
60,784
22,378
1971
Pay Raise
Supplemental
$2,190
317
415
145
71
1,242
154
52
19
10
73
1,240
393
119
66
67
595
926
total
1971
$110,814
48,037
10
8,722
2,010
4,116
47,919
18,063
6,483
731
1,818
9,031
130,670.
54,320
275
2,874
1 ,583
10,239
61 ,379
23,304
1972
$181 ,465
71 ,660
70
13 ,629
4,412
8,888
82,805
18,981
6,235
1 ,062
1 ,628
10,056
164,039
72,945
1,155
7,846
3,054
17,584
1 ,000
60,455
28,000
34,664
Hzir
$91 .352
37,267
9,690
2,847
3,609
37,939
13,599
5,503
937
740
6,419
116,400
61 ,953
2,708
2,437
10,147
39,155
24,474
Total
1971
$116,268
48,037
10
11,167
3,319
5,221
48,514
18,549
6,483
1,055
1,963
9,048
136,464
54,320
275
5,031
2,529
12,407
61 ,902
25,998
1972
$181,465
71,660
70
13,629
4,412
8,888
82,806
18,981
6,235
1,062
1,628
10,056
164,039
72,945
1,155
7,846
3,054
17,584
1,000
60,455
28,000
34.664
V)
•&>
-------
fW!*™.™^
Amounts Not
Transferred
to EPA
Total
Noise
Rad1 at1 on.
Solid Wastes
Water
Fad! 1 ti es
T97u
41,841
12,398
.... 6,089
14,496
.... 2,763
6 .095
1971
14,428
4,602
2,579
3,418
1,135
2.694
EPA Budget Authority
1970
203,984
104,723
132
80,750
18.379
1971
Pay Raise
1971 Supplemental
278,341
108,078
285
11,062
4,094
1«,025
116,419
22.378
4,510
762
534
230
148
1,910
926
Total
1971
282,851
108,840
285
11,596
4,324
16,173
118,329
23.304
1972
427,149
150,840
1,225
21 ,475
8,528
28,100
1,000
153,317
28,000
34.664
1970
245,825
104,723
12,398
6,221
14,496
83,513
24.474
Total
1971
297?279
108,840
285
16,198
6,903
19,591
119,464
25.998
1972
427,149
150,840
1,225
21 ,475
8,528
28,100
1,000
153,317
28,000
34.664
March 31, 1971
-------
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Total Funds Available, T971-T972
Abatement and Control
Direct operations. ,
Monitoring and surveillance
Standards and enforcement.
Control agency support . ...,
Technical support.
Construction grants administration
Manpower Development
Grants and contracts. .
Research, Development, and Demonstration
Pollution sources and effects...
Grants and contracts
D1 rect operations
Pollution control technology.
Grants and contracts
Direct operations
Facilities
Program Direction and Support
Total
Budget
Authority
$116,268,000
(4,160,000)
, ... (7,381,000)
14,090,000
...... 20,421,000
41,475,000
(40,200,000)
(1.275,000)
, ... 19,787,000
, 2,845,000
..... 6,109,000
18,549,000
12,573,000
5,976,000
136,464,000
..... 59,067,000
(30,765,000)
(28,302,000)
77,397,000
..... (61,980,000)
(15,417,000)
25,998,000
..... 297,279,000
1971
Unobligated"
Balance
$3,156,196
2,155,105
(2,010,461)
(144.6445
64,926
146,935
139,345
28,399
621,486
37,186
6,696
30,490
8,863,717
626,864
(513,584)
(113,280)
8,236,853
(7,623,572)
(613,281)
3,831,970
39,918
15,928,987
Total
Available
$119,424,196
13,696,105
(6,170,461)
(7 525,644)
14,154,926
21,567,935
41 ,475,000
(40,200,000)
(1.275,000)
19,926,345
2,873,339
6,730,486
18,586,186
12,579,696
6,006,490
145,327,717
59,693,864
(31 ,278,584}
(28,415,280)
85,633,853
(69,603,572)
(16,030,281)
3,831 ,970
26,037,918
313.207,987
Budget
Authority
$181 ,465,000
24,584,000
(7,915,000)
(15,669,000)
17,699,000
40,757,000
59,420,000
(57,900,000)
(1,520,000)
24,987,000
5,321,000
8,697,000
18,981 ,000
12,121 ,000
6,860,000
164*039,000
71,616,000
(38,831,000)
(32,785,000)
92,423,000
(71,392,000)
(21,031,000)
28,000,000
34,664,000
427,149,000
1972
Unobligated
Balance
$6,750,000
6,750,000
(6,750,000)
-6,200,000
550,000
Total
Available
$181 ,465,000
24,584,00(5
(7.915,000)
(16 669 000 )
17 699 000
40,757,000
59,420,000
(57,900,000)
(1,520 000)
24,987,000
5,321 ,000
8,697,000
18,981,000
12,121,000
6,860,000
170,789,000
71,616,000
(38,831,000)
(32,785,000)
99,173,000
(78,142,000)
(21 ,031 ,000)
21 ,800,000
34,664,000
427,699,000
March 31, 1971
-------
1 - 1 r-'- ;
j i« I i.-v ;
Itemization of Obligations
by Object Class
1971
Operations, Research, and Facilities
11.1 Personnel compensation: permanent positions $66,273,000
11,3 Personnel compensation; positions other than permanent.... 4,653,000
11.5 Other personnel compensation... 918,000
Total personnel compensation— . 71,844,000
12.1 Personnel benefits: civilian employees 6,926,000
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons 6,845,000
22.0 Transportation of things— 1,321,000
23.0 Rent, communications, and utilities 8,177,000
24,0 Printing and reproduction 2,280,000
25.0 Other services , 89,083,000
26.0 Supplies and materials — 3,568,000
31.0 Equipment , 10,780,000
32,0 Lands and structures 4,006,000
41.0 Grants. .-. 93.950,000
Subtotal 298,780,000
Obligated balances not transferred to EPA 14,428,000
Total. 313.208.000
Construction Grants
41.0 Grants 1,185,000,000
Scientific Activities Overseas
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons. 38,000
25.0 Other services 3.462.000
Total 3,500,000
1972
$99,409,000
7,197,000
l 1.2 77.000
107,883,000
10,298,000
11,071,000
3,005,000
15,179,000
3,539,000
120,195,000
5,233,000
11,328,000
21,373,000
118.595.000
427,699,000
427.699.000
1.905,000.000
29,000
10,641,000
10.670,000
-------
1971 1972
Revolving Fund
11.1 PersonneT compensation: permanent position 75,000 128,000
11,5 Other personnel compensation 3,000 5,000
Total personnel compensation , 78,000 133,000
12,1 Personnel benefits: civilian employees ». 7,000 11,000
21,0 Travel and transportation of persons 4,000 6,000
22.0 Transportation of things 2,000 2,000
23.0 Rent, communications, and utilities 22,000 25,.000
24.0 Printing and reproduction.. 8,000 10,000
25,0 Other services 67,000 68,000
26.0 Supplies and materials.... 17,000 18,000
31,0 Equipment 16,000 10,000
Subtotal 221,000 283,000
Obligated balances not transferred to EPA... 68,000
Total.. 289,000 283,000
Advances and Reimbursements
11.1 Personnel compensation; permanent positions 1,234,000 2,173,000
11,3 Personnel compensation: positions other than permanent 319,000 415,000
11.5 Other personnel compensation 37,000 42,000
Total personnel compensation 1,590,000 2,630,000
12.1 Personnel benefits: civilian employees 173,000 292,000
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons 233..000 282,000
22.0 Transportati on of thi ngs 36,000 49,000
23.0 Rent, communications, and utilities 145,000 257,000
24.0 Printing and reproduction 30,000 38,000
25.0 Other services.. 1,124,000 990,000
26.0 Supplies and materials. 314,000 400,000
31.0 Equipment 186,000 179,000
Subtotal .. 3,831,000 5,117,000
Obligated balances not transferred to EPA 1.163,000 ...
Total 4.994.000 5,117.000
t/1 ' . ' ' - '
£ Total obligations, EPA -, 1,506,991,000 2,348,769,000
March 31, 1971
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Authorizations VS. Budget Authority
(in thousands of dollars)
1971
Federal Water Pollution Control Act,
as amended
Section 5(m), Estuanne Studies
Section 5(g)(l), Training Pilot Program.
Section 5(g)(2), Manpower Planning
Section 5, Research, Investigations, Training
and Information (Other than Section 5(m) in
1971 and Section (g) in 1971 and 1972)
Section 6, Grants for Research and
Development
Section 7, Grants for Water Pollution
Control Programs
Section 8, Grants for Construction.
Section 14» Area Acid and Other Mine Water
Pollution Control Demonstrations
Section 159 Pollution Control in Great
Lakes .,
Section 19, Authorization for Section W,
Training Grants and Contracts and Section
18, Award of Scholarships
Budget
Authorization Author!ty
$1 ,000
7,500
2,500
64,000
60 ,000
$755
1 ,028
72
56,981
16,661-
10,000
10,000
1,250,000 1,000,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
3,T6T
815
345
1972
Budget
Authorization Authority
Included in Section 5 Below
$7,500a/ $1,918
2,500a/ 745
65,000a/ 58,943
60,000a/ 14,442
15,000a/ 15,000
2,000,000a/ 2,000,000
ll,839b/ 2,240
19,185b/
25,000
842
366
CO
-------
1971 1972
Budget Budget
Authorization Authority Authorization Authority
Section 20, Alaska Village
Demonstration Project 1,000 600. 400c/ 40Qc/
Total 1.456,000 1.090.418 2.206.424 2.094.896
a/ Proposed legislation pending in Congress.
F/ Authorization is available until expended. 1972 figure represents balance
remaining of initial authorization.
c/ Authorization did not provide a specific year. 1972 figure represents balance
remaining of initial authorization.
Ai r Qua1i ty Act, as amended
Section 103 (f}(3J, Research,
Investigations, Training, and other
Activities , . 15,000*
« * • » • 9
Section 104, Research Relating to Fuels and
Vehicles 75,000 29,100 125,000 39,100
Section 212,.Development of Low Emission
Vehicles. 5,000 ... 25,000
Section 316, Research, Investigations,
Training and other Activities 125.000 86,696 225,000 119,250
Total 220,000 115.796 375,000 158,350
* Amounts appropriated shall remain available until expended and shall be
in addition to any other appropriations under this Act.
Solid Waste Disposal Act, as amended
Secti on 208, Demonstration Tor lesource
Recovery Systems and Improved Solid
Waste Disposal Facilities................. ... ... 80,000 4,093
>£>
-------
1971 1972
Budget Budget
Authorization- Authorlty Authorization Authority
Section 216 (a)(l) and (2), Authorization
for carrying out provisions of Act,
other than Section 208 In 1972 41,500 20,5.02 72,000 25.215
Total, , 41,500 20.502 152,000 29.308
Noise Pollution and Abatement Act of 1970
Section 403, Authorization for carrying out 1
purposes of Act.,. 30,000 300 29,70Ql/ 1,300
Grand Total 1,747,500 1,227,016 2,763,124 2,283,854
All other EPA funds for which authorization is
not provided in Acts; appropriation
authorization Is by virtue of appropriation
act .,... ,, 73.763 153.965
Total......... 1,747,500 1,300,779 2,763,124 2,437,819
]J Authorization did not provide a specific year. 1972 figure represents
balance remaining of initial authorization.
r
O
March 31, 1971
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office, Laboratory and Miscellaneous Facilities
Summary
by Program Organization, Location,
Number of Square Feet and Acreage,
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (Federally Owned)
GSA Assigned (Leased)
Federally Owned (EPA is Holding Agency)
Number of
Locations
157
19
89
21
Federally Owned (Agency other than EPA is Holding Agency) 6
Leased by EPA
Leased by HEW or other than EPA
Miscellaneous (Use Permits, Cooperative
11
5
Agreements, etc.) 6
Type of Facility,
and Occupancy Basis
Square
Feet
(Facilities)
2,326,172
211,975
898,740
636,912
79,806
414,718
35,691
48,330
Acreage
(Land)
118.3
• t *
10.0
32.5
32.5
7.0
36.3
. . .
March 31, 1971
-------
ENVIROWENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office, Laboratory and Miscellaneous Facilities
HEADQUARTERS SPACE
WASHINGTON/METROPOLITAN AREA
Program Organization
Water Quality Office
Water Quality Office
Program Direction and Support
Program Direction and Support
Office of Radiation, Office
of Solid Wastes
Office of Radiation
Office of Radiation
Office of Radiation
Office of Pesticides
Program Direction and Support
Program Direction and Support
Office of Pesticides
Location
Crystal Hall
Arlington, Va.
Jefferson Plaza
Arlington, Va,
Park! awn Building
Rockville, Md.
1901 Chapman Avenue
Rockville. Md.
12720 Twinbrook Pkwy.
Rockville, Md.
South! awn Avenue
Rockville, Md.
Matomlc Building
Washington, D. C.
1616 K Street, N. W.
Washington, D. C.
1626 K Street, K. W.
Washington, D, C.
1129 - 20th Street, N.
Type of Facility
Office
Office
Office
Office
Office
Warehouse
Office
Office
Office
W. Office
Square Feet
{Facilities)
107,990
5,053
86,613
8,900
6,185
2,250
1,000
6,850
38,630
8,400
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
SSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Washington, D. C.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region I
Water Quality
Air Pollution
Pesticides
Water Quality
Radi ation
Water Quality
Water Quality
Water Quality
Region II
Water Quality
Air Pollution
Office,
Location
MASSACHUSETTS
Boston
Boston
Boston (Norwood)
Needham Heights
Winchester
RHODE ISLAND
West Kingston
Narragansett
Narragansett
NEW JERSEY
Edison
Edison
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Regional Office
Regional Office
Regional Office-Inspector
Laboratory-Office
Labor atory-Of f 1 ce
Laboratory-Office
Land only
Laboratory-Office
Laboratory-Office
Laboratory-Of f 1 ce
Facilities
Square Feet
(Faciijtiesl
5,520
1,100
640
10,561
5,000
15,388
7.2 acres (land)
20,100
127,588
,/0
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (HEW)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (EPA)
Federally Owned (EPA)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
Note
Assigned HEW
Reimb. Agreement
Nat'l. Marine Lab.
Water Hygiene
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region II (continued)
Pesticides
Pesticides
Air Pollution
Pesticides
Water Quality
Water Quality
Region III
Hater Quality
Pesticides
Pesticides
Radiation
Office,
Location
NEW YORK
New York City
Hew York City
New York City
Syracuse
Rochester
PUERTO RICO
San Juan
MARYLAND
Annapolis
Baltimore
Beltsville
Rockvllle
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Office- Inspector
Laboratory-Qf f 1 ce
Regional Office
Of fi ce- Inspector
Laboratory-Office
Office
Laboratory-Office
Regional Office-Inspector
Laboratories
Laboratory
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
1,100
7,145
1,100
223
10,500
700
5,720
430
23,682(6 E
19,370
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
Assigned HEW
No cost occupancy agreement - Conrn. of P.R.
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
23,682(6 Bldgs) Federally Owned (Agric.) Reimb. Agreement
GSA Assigned (leased) Assigned HEW
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region III (continued)
A1r Pollution
A1r Pollution
Water Quality
Pesticides
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Water Quality
Water Quality
Pesticides
Water Quality
Water Quality
Office,
Location
PENNSYLVANIA
Indiana
Indiana
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
VIRGINIA
Charlottesvllle
Charlottes ville
Richmond
WEST VIRGINIA
Wheeling
El kins-Norton
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Laboratory-Of f1 ce
Land only (8 sites)
Office
Office-Inspector
Air Monitoring Station
Office
Regional Office
Laboratory
Inspector-Of f 1 ce-Storage
Laboratory-Office
Laboratory-Of f 1 ce
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
2,150
36.3 acres (land)
570
360
485
200
23,641
6,000
475
11,063
3,023
Occupancy Basis
Leased (DHEW)
Leased (DHEW)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased
Leased (EPA)
Note
Assigned HEW
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region III (continued)
Pesticides
Pesticides
Water Quality
Region IV
Pesticides
Water Quality
Radiation
Water Quality
Water Quality
Water Quality
Water Quality
Pesticides
Pesticides
Office,
Location
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
FOB #8
So. Agriculture
Blue Plains
Laboratory and Miscellaneous Facilities
Square Feet
Type of Facility (Facilities)
Laboratory-Office 4,350
Laboratory-Office 4,750
Laboratory-Pilot Plant 4,000
ALABAMA
Birmingham (Homewood)
Dauphin Island
Montgomery
Montgomery
FLORIDA
Port Everglades
Gulf Breeze
Orlando
Perrine
Tampa
Inspector-Office
Laboratory
Laboratory
Office
279
9,625
7,892)
27,152)
430
Floating Barge-Laboratory (Not applicable)
Laboratory 20,000
Office • 500
Laboratory 43,000
Inspector-Office
312
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
Co-op Agree, with D.C.
(EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (EPA)
Leased (DREW)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Mooring leased (EPA)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
Water Hygiene Lab.
(3 small bldgs.,
4,060 square feet)
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region IV (continued)
Water Quality
Water Quality
Pesticides
A1r Pollution
Pesticides
Solid Wastes
Pesticides
Pesticides
Envlromental Protection
Agency
Air Pollution
A1r Pollution
Air Pollution
Office,
Location
GEORGIA
• H i •••
Athens
Atlanta
Atlanta (Decatur)
Atlanta
Chamblee
KENTUCKY
Walton
MISSISSIPPI
Gulf port
Gulf port
M1ss. Test Facility
NORTH CAROLINA
Chapel Hill (U.N.C.)
Durham (Mutual Bldg.)
Durham (Res. Triangle)
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Laboratory
Regional Office
Regional Office-Inspector
Regional Office
Laboratory-Office
Land Field Experiment
Chemical Laboratory
Soil Monitoring Lab.
Laboratory-Of f 1 ce
Office
Office
Laboratory
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
56,134
14,200
707
900
27,665
TO acres (land)
2,400
3,000
40,000
897
38,892
193,000
Occupancy Basis Note
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased) Assigned HEW
GSA Assigned (Federal) Assigned HEW
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (Agric.) Reimb. Agreement
Federally Owned (Agric.) Reimb, Agreement
Federally Owned (NASA) Interagency Agree.
Leased (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leaseo)
Leased (EPA)
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office, Laboratory and Miscellaneous Facilities
Program Organization
Region IV (continued)
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
A1r Pollution
Air Pollution
A1r Pollution
A1r Pollution
Water Quality
Pesticides
Location
Type of Facility
Square Feet
(Facilities)
Occupancy Basis
NORTH CAROLINA (continued)
Durham (I.R.L.)
Durham (Roxboro)
Durham (NCHS Bldg.)
Durham
Raleigh (Merton)
Raleigh (N.C. State)
Raleigh (Wade)
Raleigh (Hyw. 70)
Raleigh (St. Marys St)
SOUTH CAROLINA
Bears Bluff
(Charleston)
Columbia
Laboratory-Of f 1 ce
Storage
Laboratory-Office
Air Monitoring
Laboratory- Off ice
Office
Office
Warehouse
Office
Laboratory
Inspector-Office
5.766
10,000
22,514
3,248
8,508
2,500
10,248
14,000
13,761
20,000
130
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
Leased (HEW)
City Owned
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Leased (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
Use Permit to EPA
ro
03
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region IV (continued)
Pesticides
Solid Wastes
Region V
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Water Quality
Water Quality
Pesticides
Water Quality
Water Quality
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Office,
Location
TENNESSEE
Memphis
Johnson City
ILLINOIS
Chicago
Chicago
Chicago
Chi cago
Chicago
INDIANA
Evansville
MICHIGAN
Ann Arbor
Ann Arbor
Ann Arbor
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Inspector-Of fi ce
Field Station
Regional Office
Monitoring Station
Regional Office
Laboratory
Regional Off ice- Inspector
Laboratory-Office
Land only
Office
Laboratory (under const.)
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
380
16,870
1 ,300
768
11,103
31,875
825
7,45-7
14.7 acres (1
3,400
90,000
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned
SSA Assigned (Federal)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
SSA Assigned (leased)
Leased (EPA)
Note
Co-op Agreement
with City for land
use
Assigned HEW
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region V (continued)
Mater Quality
Pesticides
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Water Quality
Water Qua! i ty
Water Quality
Pesticides
Water Quality
Water Quality,
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Air Pollution
Office,
Location
MICHIGAN (continued)
Grosse He (Detroit)
Pontiac
Ypsilanti
Ypsilanti
MINNESOTA
Duluth
Ely
Minneapolis
Minneapolis
Oak Park
OHIO
Cincinnati
(Col. Pk«y.)
Cincinnati (Latdlaw)
Cincinnati (Fairfax)
Cincinnati (Wooster)
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Laboratory-Off i ce
Inspector-Office
Laboratory-Off 1 ce
Laboratory-Off i ce
National Water Quality Lab.
Laboratory-Pilot Study
Office
Inspector- Off ice
Laboratory-Pilot Study
Research Laboratory &
Training
Laboratory
Laboratory-Off i ce
Office
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
20,000
242
15,150
13,775
44,000
3,096
5,822
200
5,823
184,987
62,741
19,600
3,405
Occupancy Basis
Use Permit from Navy
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
Leased (EPA)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (Teased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office, Laboratory and Miscellaneous Facilities
P rogram Orgnai zati on
Region V (continued)
Air Pollution
Water Quality, .
Solid Wastes
Water Quality
Water Quality, A1r
Pollution, Pesticides
Water Quality
Solid Wastes
Radiation
Water Quality
Water Quality
Water Quality ,
Location
OHIO (continued)
Cincinnati (Colonial)
Cincinnati (Ridge)
Cincinnati (Jonlen)
Cincinnati (FOB)
Cincinnati (Broadway)
Cincinnati (Center
Hill)
Cincinnati (Univ.
of Cincinnati)
Cleveland
Lebanon
New town
WISCONSIN
Type of Facility
Office
Laboratory-Office
Warehouse
Regional Office
Laboratory
Laboratory
Laboratory
Laboratory-Of f 1 ce
Lab-Pilot Plant
Fish Toxicology Lab.
Square Feet
(Facilities.)
4,981
105,184
27,000
28,973
15,000
12,300
3,135
10,000
4,954
5,091
Water Quality
Stevens Point
Land Only
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Leased (EPA)
Leased (DHEW)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Co-op Agreement with
City of Lebanon
Federally Owned (EPA)
10.6 acres (land) Federally Owned (EPA)
Note
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region VI
Water Quality
Water Quality
Pesticides
Pesticides
Water Quality
Air Pollution
Pesticides
Pesticides
Mater Quality
Location
ARKANSAS
Little Rock
LOUISIANA
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
NEW MEXICO
Al buquerque
TEXAS
Dallas
Dallas
Ft. Worth
San Antonio
Houston
Office, Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Monitoring Station
Laboratory-Office
(Metairie) Inspector-Office
Inspector- Office
Regional Office
Regional Office
Inspector-Office
Office
Office
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
90
8,432
240
270
15,542
1,300
230
400
461
Occupancy Basis
Co-op Agreement with
Little Rock
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GS& Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
Assigned HEW
OJ
rj
-------
ENVIROWENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region VI (continued)
Water Quality
Pesticides
Region VII
Water Quality
Water Quality
Air Pollution
Pesticides
Pesticides
Water Quality
Pesticides
Pesticides
in
r
CO
Office,
Location
OKLAHOMA
Ada
Oklahoma City
MISSOURI
Kansas City
-Kansas City
Kansas City
Kansas City
St. Louis
NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Omaha
Omaha
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Laboratory
Inspector-Office
Regional Office
Laboratory
Regional Office
Inspector-Office
Inspector-Office
Office
Inspector-Office
Soil Monitoring Lab.
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
50,300
585
17,067
2,791
700
Z50
250
325
500
500
Occupancy Basis
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal )
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal )
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
5
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
-------
~"~I
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region VIII
A1r Pollution
Water Quality
Pesticides
Region IX
Water Quality
Air Pollution
Water Quality
Pesticides
Water Quality
Air Pollution
Pesticides
Water Quality
Water Quality
Office,
Location
COLORADO
Denver
Denver
Denver
CALIFORNIA
"Alameda
Commerce
Pomona
Pomona
San Francisco
San Francisco
San Francisco
HAWAII
Honolulu
Pearl Harbor
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Regional Office
Of f i ce
Regional Office-Inspector
Laboratory-Of fi ce
Laboratory-Of f i ce
Pilot Plant
Inspector-Office
Regional Office
Regional Office
Inspector-Laboratory
Office
Special Purpose
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
900
8,958
2,090
18,345
11,400
1,880
535
9,589
1 ,300
2,890
1,025
382
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Co-op Agreement with
City of Pomona
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (Federal)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Navy Use Permit
Note
Assigned HEW
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Program Organization
Region IX (continued)
Radiation
Radi ati on
Radiation
Region X
Water Quality
Water Quality
Water Quality
Pesticides
Water Quality
Water Quality
Office,
Location
NEVADA
Las Vegas
Las Vegas
Las Vegas
ALASKA
Anchorage
College
OREGON
Corvallis
Corvallis
Portland (Gilson)
Portland (Washington)
Laboratory and Miscellaneous
Type of Facility
Radiological Health Lab.
Laboratory (McCarran
Airport)
Laboratory Test Site
Office
Regional Laboratory
Regional Laboratory
Laboratory
Regional Laboratory
Regional Office
Facilities
Square Feet
(Facilities)
66,135 +
7.0 acres (land)
9,000
12,300
5,724 +
32.5 Acres (land)
1,395
20,000
49,500
2,000
4,430
17,390
Occupancy Basis
Leased (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Leased (EPA)
Federally Owned (AEC)
Interagency Agreement
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (HEW)
Reimbursable Agreement
Federally Owned (EPA)
Leased (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
u>
01
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office, Laboratory and Miscellaneous Facilities
Program Organization
Region X (continued)
Pesticides
Water Quality
Water Quality
Water Quality
Pesticides
Air Pollution
Location
OREGON (continued)
Portland
Trcutdale
WASHINGTON
Manchester
Purdy (Gig Harbor)
Wenatchee
Seattle
Type of Facility
Inspector-Off ice
Storage
Water Hygiene Warehouse
Water Hygiene Laboratory
Laboratory
Office
Square Feet
(Facilities)
300
3,500
14,148
4,311
3,240
1,300
Occupancy Basis
GSA Assigned (leased)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Federally Owned (EPA)
Leased (EPA)
Federally Owned (EPA)
GSA Assigned (leased)
Note
IS)
OJ
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