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       FISCAL YEAR 1974 BUDGET

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Contents
   SECTION TAB

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                                           Contents
ri
? ^i
H
          Budget Summary	

          RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
            Air	
            Water Quality	
            Water Supply	
            Solid Wastes	
            Pesticides	
            Radiation	
            Noise	
            Interdisciplinary	
            Program Management
and Support.
          ABATEMENT AND CONTROL............
            Air	,	
            Water Qual i ty	,
            Water Supply	,
            Solid Wastes	,
            Pesticides		
            Radi ati on	,
            Noise	,
            Program Management and Support,
          ENFORCEMENT			,.
            Air	
            Water Quality.	
            Pesti ci des	
            Program Management and Support.
          AGENCY AND REGIONAL MANAGEMENT....
            Agency Management and Support...
            Regional Management and Support.
          CONSTRUCTION GRANTS,
          SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES OVERSEAS.

          GENERAL PROVISIONS	
          Special Analyses	, —	
              Table of contents provided in Special Analyses section
Page

I

RD-1
RD-2
RD-10
RD-1 7
RDrZl
RD-27
RD-30
RD-33
RD-37
RD-46

AC-1
AC- 2
AC-19
AC-42
AC- 46
AC-54
AC-62
AQ-71
AC- 77

E-l
E-2
E-8
E-14
E-18

ARM-1
ARM-4
ARM-8
                                          SAO-1

                                          GP-1

                                          SA-1

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Budget Summary
      SECTION TAB

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                                 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

>                                       Budget Summary

*            The Environmental Protection Agency's 1974 budget proposal is
        presented under six appropriations, as follows:

4            1.  Research and pevelppment programs to determine the cause-and-
             effect relationships of environmental pollutants and to develop
             and demonstrate technological solutions for pollution abatement
 I            and control.
             2.  Ab atement a nd Contro1 programs which provide for development
             and implementation of environmental standards, monitoring apd
             surveillance of pollution, pollution control planning, financial
             and technical assistance to State and local pollution control
             agencies, assistance to other Federal agencies to minimise impact
             of their activities on the environment, and support of training
             of personnel engaged in pollution control activities.

             3-  Enforcement programs to assist State and local agencies
             and to carry out direct enforcement activities to assure compliance
             with Federal pollution control standards, permits, and regulations.

             4.  Agency and Regional Management activities to provide, both
             centralized and regional leadership and administrative support
             for EPA's programs.                   •

             5.  Construction Grants to local public agencies for construction
             of municipal waste water treatment facilities to assist States
             and localities in attaining and maintaining water quality standards,

             6.  Scientific Activities Overseas (Special Foreign Currency
             Program) support cooperative programs of research and demonstration
             to find solutions to environmental problems which are of interest
             to the United States and to cooperating foreign agencies or countries.

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                        Summary of Budget Authority,
                    Man-Years, and End-of-Year Employment
Msj^jnc^h^a^^DejreJopment*
 Budget Authori ty	•,
 End-of-Year Employment...
 Man-Years		
                                          1972
$161,806,000
        1973

$173,144,600
       1,907
       1,798
        1971

$148,700,200
       1,863
       1,808
Abatement and Control *
 Budget Authority.......
 Contract Authority.....
 End-of-Year Employment.
 Man-Years	,
Enforcement*
 Budget Authority.	
 End-of-Year Employment.
 Man-* Years	
 189,458,000
   ?, 154,300
 212,034,600
  50,000,000^'
       3,454
       3,347
  36,574,400
       1,477
       1,251
Agency andRegional Management*
 Budget Authority	,.	     f/9,102,018      46,183,580
 End-of-Year Employment	        .                   1,794
 Man-Years	,....                           1,696

Construction Grants
 Budget Authority	,	   2,000,000,000,   1,900,000,000.,
 Contract Authority..	             ...   5,000,000,000^
 End-of-Year Employment	             ...             ...
 Man-Years	,
ScientificActiyities Overseas
 Budget Authori ty	,
 End-of-Year Employment	
 Man-Years	
 243,100,400.  .
  9.6,000,OOQ5/
       3,605
       3,442
  47,399,600
       1 ,682
       1,55,6
                                 50,799,800
                                      1,834
                                      1,764
   7,000,000
   4,000,000  .    4,000*000
RevolvingFund
 Budget Authority	
 End-of-Year Employment.
 Man-Years	
          12
          11
          51
          50
          51
          50
Trust Fund
 Budget Authority	
 End-of-Year Employment.
 Man-Years..,	
Advances and Reimbursements^/
 Budget Authon ty.......
 End-of-Year Employment.
 Man-Years	
      45,266
         157
         150
      25,000
         164
         157
      25,000
         164
         159
                                                                        II

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s    ,                                         1972            197.3.           ]97£
   r\11 oca t ipn  Acco unt
    Budget Authori ty'......	....
 i*j End-of-Year Employment	              8              11               4

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                      Summary of Increase or Decrease
                   Man-Years and End-of-Year Employment
Research and Development
  End-of-Year Employment	
  Man-Years	

Abatement and Control
  End-of-Year Employment	
  Man-Years	,.	

Enforcement
  End-of-Year Employment.......
  Man-Years			

Agency and Regi.QJaj.iL.Jjajij^ementt
  En d-of-Yea r Emp T oyrnen117......
  Man-Years	.....'	—

RevolvingFund
  End-of-Year Employment	
  Man-Years, —		

Advances and Reimbursements^/
  End-of-Year Employment	
  Man-Years, —,	,	

Allocation. Account
  End-of-Year Employment	
  Man-Years		

Total
  End-of-Year Employment	
  Man-Years	
                                          1973
1,907
1,798
3,454
3,347
1,477
1,251
1,794
1,696
   51
   50
  164
  157
   11
    8
8,858
8,307
           1974
1,863
1,808
3,605
3,442
1,682
1,556
1,834
1,764
   51
   50
  164
  159
    4
    4
9,203
8,783
           Increase or
             Decrease
 -44
 +10
+151
 +95
+205
+305
 +40
 +68
 * • *
  +2
  -.7
  -4
+345
+476
a/  Included in the President's Budget under Research and Development,
    Abatement and Control, and Agency and Regional Management,

NOTE:  Man-years based on permanent employment.
       End-of-year employment = permanent positions.
                                                                     IV

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

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                         Research and Development


Purpose

     Research and development efforts are conducted through  grants,
contracts, and agreements with universities, industries,  other private
commercial firms, nonprofit organizations, State and local governments,
and other Federal agencies, as well  as through  EPA's laboratories.

     These efforts are oriented toward producing  the scientific
knowledge and the tools for regulating, preventing, and abating
pollution and are specifically directed to problems of air pollution
control, water pollution control, water supply  protection, solid  and
toxic waste management, pesticides control, radiation protection,
noise abatement, and interdisciplinary studies.   Activities  encompass
research on the effects of pollutants on man, animal, and aquatic life,
plant materials, and the general  environment; research on processes
such as dispersion that affect pollution; the development of new  and
improved sampling and analytical  methods and instruments  for measuring
pollutants; and the development and demonstration of new  and improved
technology for preventing and controlling pollution and recovery  of
materials from wastes.  Included with the research and development
program is the overall management and support of the program.

Budget Authority                   1972J/          1973           1974

  Air.	    $54,867,300     $67,381,900     $57,096,700
  Water Quality	.	     47,105,400      48,113,900      46,723,300
  Water Supply	      2,200,000      2,266,300       2,303,600
  Solid Wastes	     22,777,500^     17,071,000       2,200,000
  Pesticides	...      3,519,000      5,251,800       5,441,000
  Radiation	      2,256,300      2,287,000       2,470,500
  Noise	         64,000         280,800        550,000
  Interdisciplinary.....      9,604,800      13,768,200      14,472,200
  Program Management and
    Support.............     19,411,700      16,723.700      17,442,900

     Total.......	...    161,806,000     173,144,600     148,700,200

Manpower Resources                     1973            1974

  End-of-Year Employment              1,907            1,863
  Man-Years	              1,798            1,808
a/  Provided for comparative purposes and represents  resources  approved
    under the appropriation "Operations,  Research,  and  Facilities"  for
    activities now carried under this appropriaiion.
                                                                  RD-1

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 Air
SECTION TAB

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                         Research  and'Development

                                    Air
Purpose
     The air research and development program  encompasses  (1)  research
on the effects of air pollutants on man,  animals,  plants,  materials,
and the general environment,  (2) research on transport processes
affecting the dispersion  of  air pollution,  (3)  the  development of new
and improved sampling and analytical methods,  and  (4)  the  development
and demonstration of new and  improved technology for preventing and
controlling air pollution.

     The research on pollution effects  and processes i$ directed
toward development of scientific information to  establish  adequately
protective but economically feasible air  quality and emission  standards.
The research and development  of improved  sampling  and  analytical
methods and improved control  technology is directed  toward providing
the means for complying with  established  standards.

    "In short, the air research and development program is  a
"foundation" program oriented toward producing the scientific  knowledge
and the tools for regulating, abating,  and preventing  air  pollution.

                                                                Increase
                                  1973           1974        or Decrease

Budget Authority
 Processes and Effects     $29,623,900     $29,848,500           +$224,600
 Control Technology...      37.758,000     27,248,200 _ -10,509.800
                           "" ...... "°° ....... ° .......... " ....................... """' ...... ° ........... '""""" ...... ..... """' ................ ...... ° ....... '"""' ...... ...... '""" ..... T1""11."1™ ...................... »• ......... "iu.J«iiiBiiiuiiiiiu...innii. ......... »ni) ..... «.uiiiT ...... in ...... |ipTuiii.i. ..... niii»i*iii ...... «• ........ i ..... iinnm,™ ..... n ..... g ...... n>,,.=1™n-11-.=arJ1=i.

       Total. .........      67,381,900     57,096,700   '     -10,285,200

End -of - Ye ar Emp 1 pyment
 Processes and Effects             316             316
 Control Technology...     _ 128             128     _      , , ,

       Total ........ ...             444             444

Man-Years, Total......             428             432                  +4
                                                                      RD-2

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         Summary ofIncreases and jecreases

T!                                         1973           1974         Change
         Processes and Effects      $29,623,900    $29,848,500      +$224,600
4*1                                                    "
•^,            To provide for the increased salary costs  of the 1973 pay raise.
 v,       Control Technology          37.758,000     27,248,200    -10,509.800
           Sulfur oxides control...   18,971,500     11,103,800.    -7,867,700
  '            A decrease made possible by the completion of funding of first-
              generation sulfur oxides control  technology demppstrations.   The
              funding of less costly research and early  development Qf second-
              generation technology will  continue.
           Mobile source control...   10,021,900      7,184,000     -2,837,900
              A decrease resulting  from reduced 1974 funding requirements  for
              the further development and demonstration  of one of four
              candidate Rankine engines capable of meeting the 1975/1976
              automobile emission standards prescribed by the Clean Air Act,
              as amended.
           Other control technology   8,764,600    •  8,960,400       +195,800
              To provide for the increased salary costs  of the 1973 pay raise
              and to provide a slight expansion of efforts to develop new  and
              improved control technology for hazardous  material  emissions.
                                                                             RD-3

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                                   Research and Development

                                              Air
ur                                   Processes and Effects
 sM                      •
> >,f>
                                         Justification
•s>
V
                                            1973           1974          Change

           Processes  and effects      $29,623,900    $29,848,500       +$224,600

                Research on  air pollution processes and effects is directed toward
 -;         the  development of  scientific information for the establishment of
           ambient  air quality standards and emission standards,  This is accomplished
           by research in the  areas of health effects, through epidemiological and
           toxjcological studies  of the effects of pollutants on man and animals;
           meterology, by investigations of atmospheric chemistry and physics;
           instrumentation development, by providing standardized and calibratible
           instrumentation and/or methodology for measurement of the concentrations
           of pollutants in  both  the ambient air and at the sources of the pollutants;
           and  pollution processes, by describing and predicting dispersion,
           transformation, and ultimate disposition of pollutants in the atmospheric,
           transfer cycle from source to receptor.

           Purposeof Increase

                To  provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

           Significant 1973  Accomplishments
  i
             - Completed a  draft of revised criteria document for pxides of
                sulfur,

             - Completed an evaluation of the health effects of environmental
                concentrations of total suspended particulates and respirable
                suspended particulates.

             - Developed an instrumentation method for the continuous monitoring
                of  sulfur dioxide from stationary sources.

 sr 1          - Registered 800 chemical additives (by type and quantity)
                contained in gasoline as required under the Clean Air Act, as
 ? ,             amended.
                                                                               RP-4

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1974 Objectives

   - Develop reference methods  for compliance testing of stationary
     sources for all  industries in Category II of the New Source
     Performance Standards.

   - Promulgate regulations  for the demonstration of a continuous
     monitoring capability of stationary sources  in industries
     covered by the New Source  Performance Standards,

   - Update health effects data in support of the standards  for
     carbon monoxide, nitrogen  dioxide,  sulfur dioxide, and  ozone.

   - Determine the toxicities of heavy metals  which may be found in
     the atmosphere.
                                                                    RD-5

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                         Research and Development

                                    Air
                            Control Technology
                                  1973           1974          Change

Sulfur oxides control..    $18,971,500    $11,103,800     -$7,867,700

     The program encompasses the research, development, and demonstration
of new and improved methods for abating and controlling the emissions
of sulfur oxides from stationary sources.  Approximately 75 percent of
sulfur oxides emissions originate from stationary sources.   Consequently,
the control of these emissions is essential to achieving compliance
with current ambient air quality standards for sulfur oxides.

     To date, this activity has focused on the development  of
technology for controlling emissions from utilities and other large
emitters.   In the next several years, greater attention will  be devoted
to developing technology for controlling emissions from urban and other
industrial sources.

Purpose of -Decrease

     By the end of 1973, EPA will have completed the major  funding of
several demonstrations of flue gas desulfurization processes for
utilities and other large emitters.  During 19743 the program will be
devoted to the continued research and early development of  less mature
technology for controlling sulfur oxides emissions from smaller
industrial sources and urban sources.  Since the 1974 effort will  not
involve the funding of major demonstrations—the expensive  element of
the research, development and demonstration sequence—the 1974
resource requirements will be less than those of 1973.

Si gnif leant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Continued but accelerated development and demonstration of
     several clean fuels projects including the mechanical  and
     chemical desulfurization of coal, the control of sulfur
     oxides through molten iron combustion, and the fluidized
     gasification/desulfurization of residual oil.

   - Developed the adaption of flue gas- cleaning technologies
     to the control of sulfur oxide emissions from several  industrial
     processes.
                                                                   RD-6

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1974 Objectives

   - Complete the four ongoing flue gas desulfurization demonstrations
     (which have been funded in 1973 and prior years).

   - Develop emission control  capabilities for industrial  and urban
     combustion sources.

   - Improve second generation control  capabilities  for large combustion
     sources.

   - Develop control  technologies for specific industrial  processes  which
     are major emission contributors in specific localities.


                                  1973           1974          Change

Mobile source control..    $10,021,900     $7,184,000     -$2,837,900

     This program is  aimed at the development of efficient low-polluting
alternative automotive power systems; the evaluation of alternative  power
systems and automotive fuels;  and dissemination of technical  and  economic
data for use in the development of long-term national and  regional control
strategies relating to emissions and energy conservation aspects  of
transportation systems.  This  program supports the development of emission
standards and regulations for mobile sources, the testing  and enforcement
of such standards and regulations, and the development of  transportation
plans to achieve compliance with ambient air quality standards.

Purpose of Decrease

     In 1973, development proceeded on four Rankine  engines as candidate
alternative automotive power systems capable of meeting the 1975/1976
automobile emission standards  stipulated by the Clean Air  Act, as
amended.  During 1974, one of these engines will be  selected for
continued development and demonstration.  This 1974  effort will be less
costly and this accounts for the planned decrease in funding,

Significant1973Accomplishments

   .- Began testing of preprototype Rankine cycle systems which
     incorporate substantial improvements in combustor design, working
     fluids and lubricants, and condenser design.

   - Completed a gas  turbine engine demonstration which meets 1976
     emission control levels.

   - Received prototype stratified charge engines for- testing and
     demonstration during 1974.
                                                                   RD-7

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1974 Objectives

   - Complete evaluation of preprototype Ranklne cycle candidates.

   - Select a single type of Rankine system for demonstration in
     a prototype vehicle.

   - Produce a comprehensive report assessing the status  and prospects
     of alternative systems for automotive propulsion.


                                  1973           1974          Change

Other control technolgoy    $8,764,600     $8,960,400       +$195,800

     This activity encompasses the research, development, and
demonstration of new and improved technology for the control of
participates, nitrogen oxides, hazardous substances, and  the emission
of other air pollutants (except sulfur oxides) from stationary sources.
These efforts are supportive of and essential to the development
and enforcement of National Emission Standards for Hazardous Pollutants,
New Source Performance Standards, and National Ambient Air Quality
Standards.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise
and to provide for a slight expansion of current efforts  to develop
new and improved control technology for hazardous material emissions.

            1973 Accompl ishments
     Completed theoretical  studies, including mathematical  modeling
     of electrostatic precipitation relating to the development of
     improved technologies  for controlling particulate emissions,

     Conducted bench-scale  laboratory tests which gathered  basic
     engineering data on fabric filter characterization,  wet
     scrubbing techniques,  and electrostatic precipitation  designs
     for the control  of particulate emissions.

     Developed considerable engineering data on nitrogen  oxide
     combusion kinetics and on the practicality of modifying
     processes to achieve control  of nitrogen oxides.
                                                                   RDr8

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1974 Objectives

   - Expand and accelerate the development of wet scrubbing,  electrostatic
     precipitation, and fabric filtration  processes  to maximize  their
     efficiency and applicability for controlling fine participates,

   - Characterize and quantify the fine particulate  control capabilities
     of conventional  control  equipment.

   - Conduct bench-scale investigation of  multiple pollutant  control
     approaches and initiate  pilot-scale demonstrations of control
     technologies for hazardous materials.

   - Develop and demonstrate  test units to define technical and
     economic feasibility of  commercial combustion system hardware
     for the control  on nitrogen oxides.
                                                                   RD-9

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                         Research and Development

                               Water Quality
      The water quality research and development program embodies:
(1) research on the effects of water quality on water uses and on
animal and aquatic life; (2) research on the processes which influence
the movement, dispersion, and fate of water pollutants; (3) the
development of new and improved sampling and analytical methods and
instrumentation for measuring water quality and effluents; and (4)  the
development of new and improved technology for abating and preventing
water pollution.  The effects and processes research is oriented toward
development of water quality standards.   The analytical methods and
instrumentation development is directed  toward providing new and improved
techniques for water quality and effluent monitoring and surveillance of
standards compliance.  The purpose of the control  technology program is,
to improve existing processes and to develop new and more effective and
economical methods of wastewater treatment.  These programs will demonstrate
best-available and closed-loop systems and will serve as a sound technical
basis for the establishment and enforcement of effluent guidelines  and
water quality standards.  Like the air research and development program,
this is a "foundation" program providing the scientific knowledge and the
technology for carrying out an effective national  water pollution control
program.

                                                                 Increase
                                        1973          1974^     or Decrease
Budget Authority
  Processes and Effects......    $19,689,900   $20,891,400     +$1,201,500
  Control Technology .........     28.424.000    25.831.900      -2.592,100

          Total ......... .....     48,113,900    46,723,300      -1,390,600

En d- o f - Year Emp 1 oymen t
  Processes and Effects ......            353           353             ...
  Control Technology ..... , ...    __, _ 300
         Total... ............            653           653

Man-Years. Total. , ...........            589           633             +44
                                                                     RD-10

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Water Quality
     SECTION TAB

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1 T \ Summary of Increases and pecreaseg
I I
                                           1973           1974           Change^

 ff!   Processes and Effects	  $19,689,900    $20.891.400      +$1.201.500

 .  ,         To provide for the development of analytical  test procedures as
 >v;         required by the new water legislation, to further the research of
  ' '         water pollution and nutrient pollution affecting lakes, including
            the Great Lakes, and to provide for the increased salary costs of
  1 ,         the 1973 pay raise.

      Control Technology             28.424,000     25,831.900       -2.592.100

   •M     Industrial  sources	     3,584,600      5,429,600       +1,845,000

            To expand and accelerate the development and demonstration of new
   I         and improved industrial wastewater control  technology to meet
            requirements of the Federal Water Pollution Control Amendments
            of 1972, and to provide for the increased salary costs of  the
   i         1973 pay raise.

        Effluent guidelines	     4,909,500            ...       -4,909,500

            A decrease reflecting both the completion of first-stage contracts
   1         for the development of effluent guidelines and the comparative
            transfer to Abatement and Control, Water Quality.

        Control technology	    19,929,900     20,402,300         +472,400

            To slightly expand and accelerate the development of new and
            improved control technology for both point and non-point sources
            of pollution and to provide for the increased salary costs of the
            1973 pay raise.
                                                                           RD-11

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                        Research and Development

                              Water Quality
                          Processes and Effects

                              Justification

                                      1973          1974          Change

Processes and effects......     $19,689,900   $20,891,400     +$1,201,500

     EPA has over the past few years been deeply Involved in research to
provide data and pertinent information for the establishment of water
quality criteria that will provide a sound scientific basis  for setting
standards for such water uses as public water supply, recreation,  fish
and wildlife propagation, agricultural supply, and industrial  purposes.
Indepth studies have been carried out to determine the effects of  physical,
chemical, biological^ mircobiological, pesticidal, and radiological
pollutants on water uses.  Related to the effects of various pollutants
in water are questions concerning the types, movement* and ultimate  fate
of pollutants in fresh surface, ground, marine, and large lake waters.
Serious deficiencies exist in techniques for tracing pollutants and  h,ow
they interact within the total ecosystem.  This information  is needed to
relate the concentration and form of pollutants to the size, character,
composition, and location of their sources in order to establish effective
water quality standards, treatment, and control requirements.

Purpose of Increase^

     To provide for the development of new and revised analytical  procedures
as required by the Federal Water Pollution Control Amendments of 1972, to
further research on water pollution and nutrient pollution affecting lakes,,
Including the continuation of the expanded Great Lakes research effort
initiated in 1973 and continuation of  the National Eutrophication Program,
and to provide for the increased salary costs of the  1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Developed quantitative methods for design of water quality surveillance
     systems.

   - Operated and tested a treatment plant designed to demonstrate the
     restoration of an eutrophic lake by removal of phosphorus from
     municipal water.

   - Established procedures for estimating plume size and delineating
     potential thermal discharge mixing zones.

   - Provided interim test procedures for the analysis of pollutants as
     required by the Federal Water Pollution  Control Amendments of  1972.
                                                                    RD-12

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   - Completed,  in cooperation with Canada  and  other  agencies,  the
     field phase of the International  Field Year on Lake  Ontario.

   - Determined  the chemical  and biological  conditions  of Lake  Ontario
     which contributes  to comprehensive  understanding of  lake and
     pollution processes.

   - Determined  effects of nutrient concentrations on growth of
     algae in Lake Michigan.

1974 Objectives

   - Develop alternative methods of waste disposal in the New York
     Bight.

   - Evaluate, refine,  replace, and add  analytical test procedures
     required by the Federal  Water Pollution Control  Amendments of  1972.

   - Prepare and publish water costs and benefits as  required by the
     new water Act.

   - Quantify health and recreational  benefits  from water pollution
     control.

   - Develop scientific guidelines for control  of nutrients  and
     eutrophication, oil, dredge spoils  and thermal discharges  in the
     Great Lakes.

   - Assess  effectiveness of recent advanced waste treatment plants
     toward improving water quality of Lakes Michigan,  Erie, and Ontario.

   - Determine,  in joint studies with Canada, the upper Great Lakes
     reference data on  the  chemical  and biological condition of Lakes
     Huron and Superior.
                                                                   RD-13

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                        Research and Development

                              Water  Quality
                           Control  Technology

                              Justification^

                                   1973          1974             Change

Industrial sources...	    $3,584,600    $5,429,600        +$1,845,000

     This activity involves the development and demonstration of new
and improved technology for controlling and treating industrial
wastewaters.  The products of this  effort provide the means of
upgrading of industrial wastewater  treatment capabilities and the
bases for establishing effluent guidelines, developing waste treatment
conditions for waste discharge permits, and for setting treatment and
discharge requirements through enforcement and other abatement
activities.

     The Federal Water Pollution Control Amendments of 1972 places a
larger burden on the program by calling for the installation of best-
available control technology by 1983.  The achievement of the goal will
require a significant improvement of existing waste treatment and control
technologies for many types of industries.  This program is directed
toward filling these technological  gaps.

Purpose of Increase                                                  \

     To increase and accelerate the development and demonstration of
new and improved industrial wastewater control technology in response
to the requirements and provisions  of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Amendments of 1972,

Significant 19731 Accomp1i shmen ts

   - Demonstrated a hot air blanching technique for the canning
     industry which will result in  reduction of water consumption and
     waste loadings of 99 percent and 99.9 percent respectively.

   - Developed a technique using dry caustic peeling in the fruit
     and vegetable processing industries wherein water consumption
     is reduced approximately 85 percent and waste loadings by
     70 percent.
                                                                  RD-14

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   - Developed a new biological process for the treatment of highly
     alkaline and brine-containing wastewaters in a glycol production
     facility which has demonstrated the feasibility of reducing
     the waste loadings by more than 90 percent.

1974 Objectives

   - Demonstrate processes to close the water loop in paper mills.

   - Demonstrate chemical-biological treatment of joint municipal -
     industrial wastes.

   - Demonstrate treatment and water reuse from textile plants.

   - Demonstrate removal of contaminants and recycling of water in
     organic chemical plants.


                                  1973           1974          Change

Effluent guidelines	.   $4,909,500            ...     -$4,909,500

     This activity involves the development of effluent guidelines  for
best available and best practicable treatment pursuant to requirements
of the Federal Water Pollution Control Amendments of 1972.  These
guidelines will be used as the basis for issuing waste discharge
permits except in basins where water quality standards are limiting.
The activity encompasses the support of contractual  studies to collect
all available information about the waste loads and characteristics
and the waste treatment processes available and potentially available
for individual types of industry,

P urpose of Deereas e

     A decrease reflecting both the completion of first-stage contracts
for the development of effluent guidelines and the comparative transfer
to Abatement and Control Water Quality,  Prior to early 1973, the
development of effluent guidance and guidelines was funded as a
Research and Development activity.  Because of the organizational
reassignment of this function to the Office of Air and Water Programs,
it is now more appropriate to fund the function as an Abatement and
Control activity.

Control technology...      $19,929,900    $20,402,300       +$472,400

     This activity encompasses the development and demonstration of
new and improved technology for treating and controlling municipal,
agricultural, oil and hazardous materials, mining, storm and combined
                                                                    RD-15

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sewer, and other waste discharges.  The results of this work provide the
means of upgrading pollution control technology to enable compliance
with water quality standards, effluent guidelines where applicable,
and enforcement and other abatement requirements.  Also, as appropriate,
the results of this work are used in the development of effluent
guidelines, industrial pretreatment requirements, and oil and hazardous
materials regulations required by the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act, as amended.

Pu rpos e of Incre as e

     To slightly expand and accelerate the development of new and improved
control technology for both point and non-point sources of pollution
and to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973Accomplishjents

   - Completed an indepth study on sewer infiltration and prepared a
     control manual which is being made available to the construction
     grants program and municipalities.

   - Initiated construction phase on the Oil and Hazardous Material
     Environmental Test Facility which, when completed, will be capable
     of evaluating the behavior and effectiveness of treatment and
     control processes for oil and hazardous material spills.

   - Completed the demonstration of a pressurized sewer concept which
     now makes it economically possible to reduce eutrophication of
     some lakes and provide sewers in difficult areas.

   - Demonstrated a low cost method of upgrading approximately 3,500
     municipal plants utilizing mineral addition to trickling filters.

1974 Objectives

   - Conduct full-scale demonstrations of physical-chemical and biolqgical
     treatment, electrochemical chlorination, and other processes
     for up-grading municipal waste treatment technology.

   - Develop processes for removing organic contaminants in the treatment
     of drinking waters.

   - Demonstrate central community facilities for safe water and
     wastewater control for use in native villages in Alaska.

   - Demonstrate control of animal feed lot pollution, salt pollution
     from irrigation, and land runoff of agricultural wastes.

   - Develop processes for the treatment of acid mine drainage.
                                                                      RD-16

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Water Supply
     SECTION TAB

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i 1
                                   Research and Development


                                         Water Supply
          Purpose
          	"	"•*•'"	"'"""
               The water supply research and development program provides for
          research on the effects of water quality on human health and the
          development of analytical  methods for assessing the quality pf drinking
          and recreational waters and development of water treatment methods for
          noxious and toxic components of water for which current methods are
          ineffective.  The objective of the program is tp provide the scientific
          knowledge necessary for establishing drinking water standards and
          standards for recreational water use.

                                                                        Increase
                                          1973         1974          or Decrease

          Budget Authority
           Processes and Effects    $2,266.300   $2,3(33,600             +$37,300

                 Total	     2,266,300    2,303,6QO              +37,300

          End-of-Year Employment
           Processes and Effects         83 .          83	...
                 Total	          83           83

          Man-Years. Total	          80           81                      +1
                                                                              RD-17

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Summary of Increases and Decireases

                                1973           1974        Change
Processes and Effects     $2.266.300     $2.303.600      +$37,300
     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
                                                                    RD-rlS

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                         Research and Development

                               Water Supply
                           Processes and Effects

                                us tvf I catlp_n_
                                1973           1974          Change

Processes and effects...  $2,266,300     $2,303,600        +$37,300

     Considerable research remains to be done in expanding the body  of
scientific knowledge on the effects of water pollutants  on human  health
in order to develop a sound base for establishing and revising drinking
water standards and standards for recreation and shellfish growth.
An aggressive water health effects research program will  continue to
investigate the following areas:  (1) the development of methods  to
identify the health effects of pollutants in public water supplies;
(2) the determination of the frequency of occurrence and the types
of health effects caused by organic, inorganic, and biological
contaminants present in water supplies; (3) the development of methods
to insure the delivery of microbiologically safe drinking water and  to
prevent the deterioration of water during storage and distribution;
and (4) the development of criteria for protecting recreational  waters
and fish and shellfish growing areas.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Signi f i can t 1 973 AccompJ i s hments

  - Determined that little health hazard from mercury exists at this
    time in drinking water.

  - Demonstrated that the use of regenerable activated alumina is
    effective for removing both arsenic and fluoride from drinking
    water.

  - Initiated development of an automatic potable water monitor to
    measure temperature, dissolved oxygen, PH, conductivity, nitrate,
    hardness, fluorides chloride, turbidity, free chlorine residual,
    gross organics, corrosion, cadmium, lead, and copper.
                                                                    RD-19

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1974 Objectives

   - Develop water quality criteria for  selected  chemical  and biological
     pollutants which concentrate  in fish  and  shellfish.

   - Determine maximum safe concentration  levels  for  both  short-term
     and long-term exposure of lead, cadmium,  arsenic, mercury,  and
     maganese in drinking water.

   - Correlate observed occurrence and type  of virus  in selected
     water supplies which have reported  out-breaks of waterborne disease,

   - Evaluate efficiency of selected disinfectants against virus
     and other pathogenic organisms.
                                                                   RD-20

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Solid Wastes
     SECTION TAB

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'* "*"*"'                                 Research and Development
                                            Solid Wastes
             Purpose
                  EPA's research and development efforts in the solid waste area over
             the past few years have been directed toward the development of improved
             solid waste management and disposal technology and resource recovery
             technology.  The benefits from this effort are and will be realized in
             the form of a reasonable array of technologies which will enable local
             agencies to effectively and economically handle their solid waste problems.
             Having achieved this objective, the solid waste research and development
             program will be reoriented toward attacking critical problems of toxic
             and hazardous solid wastes.  These are problems of high priority that
             can best be dealt with at the Federal level.

                                                                          Increase or
                                             1973           1974            Decrease

             Budget Authority
               Processes and Effects.    $285,000     $1,500,000          +$1,215,000
               Control Technology ----  16,786,000        700,000 _ -16,086.000

                    Total ............  17,071,000      2,200,000          -14,871,000

             End-of- Year-Employment
               Processes and Effects.           7             13                   +6
               Control Technology....  _ 63 _ 10 _ _ -53

                    Total . ...........          70             23                  -47

             Man -Years, Total ........          66             22                  -44
                                                                                 RD-21

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.Summary of Increases and Decreases


                                  1973           1974          Change

Processes and Effects         $285,000     $1.500.000     +$1.215.000
                               ......

     To expand research on the health effects of toxic and hazardous
     solid wastes disposal practices and on the fate of waste materials
     after disposal,

Control Technology	16.786,000	700.000     -16.086,000

  Hazardous solid wastes..     232,700        700,000        +467,300

     To expand and accelerate the development of safe disposal methods
     for toxic and hazardous wastes.

  Other control technology  16,553,300            ...     -16,553,300

     A decrease reflecting the termination of the development and
     demonstration of resource recovery and recycling technology for
     municipal solid wastes.
                                                                    RD-22

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                         Research and Development

                               Solid Wastes
                           Processes and Effects

                               Justification
                                   1973           1974         Change

Processes and effects..        $285,000     $1,500,000    +$1,215,000

     This program encompasses identification and evaluation of potentially
toxic and pathogenic products of solid wastes incineration, landfilling
and recycling operations, and the assesment of their public health
impact.  Research investigation of the pathogenic contamination of
groundwater by toxic solid waste leachates, the hazards of sludge and
solid waste incineration and the movement of viruses and pathogenics
from disposal sites will lay the scientific foundation for the development
of standards to protect the public health.

     The program also involves the evaluation of deep well  disposal
of toxic materials, the study of groundwater contamination from
sanitary landfill operations, and the study of the fate, in soils
and groundwaters, of heavy metals and other hazardous materials
from sludge and industrial waste by-products.

     This research will add to the base of knowledge necessary to support
standards relating to the toxic and hazardous impact of solid wastes
upon the general public.

Purpose of Increase

     To expand research on the health effects of toxic and hazardous
solid waste disposal practices and on the ultimate fate of waste
materials after disposal.

Si gni f i cant 1 973 Accompli 1 shments  <

   - Conducted studies on the movement of pathogenic organisms and
     sanitary landfills, and determined the effects of compost on selected
     soils and plants.

1974 Objectives

   - Develop preliminary assessment of relative potential  toxicity and
     pathogenicity of incinerator, landfill, and recycling products.

   - Determine the effects of solid waste disposal practices on the
     health of sanitation and site employees and on community segments
     located near solid waste processing and disposal facilities.

   - Develop preliminary guidelines for deep well disposal of toxic wastes,

                                                                    RD-23

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                         Research and Development

                               Solid Wastes
                            Control Technology

                               Justification
                                   1973           1974          Change

Hazardous solid wastes...      $232,700       $700,000       +$467,300

     This program involves the development of control  techniques and
technology for the safe disposal  of toxic and hazardous solid wastes,
This effort will support the setting of meaningful  and comprehensive
standards and regulations and will provide the means for evaluating
and fostering improvement of disposal practices for toxic and hazardous
solid wastes.  Initial emphasis will center on disposal techniques for
materials exhibiting known hazardous effects, and control and disposal
techniques to augment new and ongoing effects research.

Purpose of jncrease

     To expand and accelerate   the development of safe disposal
methods for toxic and hazardous wastes.

Si gn i f i can t 1973 Accompl i shments

   - Completed construction of solid waste test cells  at experimental
     landfill in Boone County, Kentucky, which will make it possible to
     quantify characteristics of landfill gas emissions, leachate
     formation, and determine the contents and migration of toxic and
     hazardous materials.

   - Initiated a program to determine the best available alernatives
     for disposal of hazardous materials and the potential need for
     national disposal sites.    '

1974 Objectives

   - Develop disposal methods for hazardous materials  and processing
     residues.

   - Develop biological and chemical detoxification processes.

   - Investigate disposal options and resultant pollution levels
     (wet oxidation, fluidized be4 incinerators, irradiation, molten
     salt technology).
                                                                    RD-24

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   - Investigate stabilization of toxic materials such as  the stabilization
     of arsenicals by polymerization.

   - Identify control levels and disposal  techniques for known toxic
     and hazardous materials to facilitate development of meaningful
     and supportable regulations.


                                  1973           1974          Change

Other control technology..  $16,553,300            ...    -$16,553,300

     In 1973 the solid waste program shifted its emphasis  from new
technology development to the upgrading of current solid waste management
practices aimed at overcoming the problems of high cost and environmentally
offensive disposal practices.  Efforts were directed primarily toward
determining means of recovering materials  and energy from solid waste,
determining the public's attitude on resource recovery and waste
reduction at its source, and developing suitable techniques for the disposal
of all  forms of nonrecyclable solid wastes including extremely hazardous
wastes.  Analytical and pilot plant facilities were maintained to conduct
and support research studies designed to develop new waste handling or
processing methods and to develop resource recovery procedures and
appropriate ultimate disposal methods for solid waste.  General categories
of projects included land disposal; the disposal of hazardous wastes;
improvements in collection, transportation, processing and separation;
incinerators; recycling; systems; and behavioral studies.

Purpose of Decrease

     A decrease which reflects the termination of demonstrations of resource
recovery and recycling systems for municipal solid wastes.  Over the
past several years, EPA has supported the development of the major
conceptual alternatives for recovery and recycling of solid wastes.  The
demonstration of these systems is providing a sufficient range of
suitable methods and techniques that can be utilized by municipalities  if
they can obtain markets for the recovered materials.  The  decrease also
reflects a termination of further research, development, and demonstration
of technology, the collection, transportation, processing, and separation
of municipal solid wastes.   The technology thus far developed in these
areas is deemed sufficient to meet the present needs of solid waste
management systems.
                                                                    RD-25

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Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Completed a prototype 100-ton per day pilot plant to burn  the
     combustible component of municipal refuse and use the resulting
     hot gas to generate electricity,

   - Installed an in-house incinerator to simulate municipal  incinerators
     to provide capability to study combustion processes  and  effluents
     stream contaminants.

   - Initiated development of landfill-sealing liner materials  from
     low cost waste byproducts.

   - Evaluated methods to determine treatability of leachate  at
     pilot scale.

   - Studied methods to determine feasibility of spray irrigation as
     a leachate treatment method.

   - Initiated research to identify benefits of solid waste management,
     particularly regarding virgin materials use and recycling.

   - Investigated processes by which solid waste control  practices
     affect groundwaters.

1974 Objectives

   - Complete demonstrations of resource recovery and recycling  systems
     started in prior years.
                                                                    RD-26

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Pesticides
   SECTION TAB

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                         Research and Development

                                Pesticides
Purpose
     EPA conducts an extensive research program on pesticides in the
environment to determine more precisely their effects on human, animal,
and aquatic life.  A variety of clinical and behavioral studies are
needed to determine the effects of various chemicals on particular
organs, metabolic reactions, reproduction, and behavioral  responses.
Laboratory toxicological studies involving such activities as bioassays
of aquatic animals and organisms are also necessary to determine both
acute and chronic toxic effects of pesticides on freshwater and
saltwater life.  This effort is vital in providing knowledge of the
levels and pathways of pesticides contamination and in supporting such
other related programs as pesticide label registration, especially
since too little is known about the toxic hazards of most pesticide
chemicals upon living matter.  The program also includes research
on new and improved pest control methods to further the search for
environmentally safe alternative control techniques.  This work is
carried out in cooperation with the Department of Agriculture and
the National Science Foundation.

                                                               Increase
                                1973       •    1974          or Decrease

Budget Authpri ty
 Processes and Effects    $5,251,800     $5,441.000	   +$189,200

       Total	     5,251,800      5,441,000             +189,200

End-of-Yea r Emp1oymen t
 Processes and Effects           114            114
       Total...	           =114            114

Man-Years, Total......           109            111                   +2
                                                                    RD-27

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Summary of Increases and Decreases


                                1973           1974          Change

Processes and Effects     $5,251.800     $5,441,000	+$189.200

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise
     and to cover the full-year employment costs of new positions
     filled in 1973,
                                                                    RD-28

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                        Research and Development

                                Pesticides
                           Processes and Effects

                              Jjjgtjjjcatjon

                                     J973.            1974         Change^

Processes and effects	    $5,251,800      $5,441,000      +$189,200

     A continuing program of research on the effects of pesticides and
their metabolites on human health and animal and aquatic life is  essential
for the support of EPA's other pesticide programs:   pesticide label
registration, residue tolerance setting, and technical  assistance to
State, local, and other Federal agencies,  Far too  little is known about
the toxic hazards of most pesticide chemicals both  before and after their
application.  Much needs to be learned about the environmental  effects of
pesticides as well as the health effects to crop workers who come into
contact with foliage sprayed with pesticide chemicals.   Also, more needs to
be known about the hazards of improper disposal  of  pesticide containers
and waste chemicals.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs associated with the 1973
pay raise and to cover the full-year employment costs of new positions
filled in 1973.

Significant 1973Accomplishments

   - Established electro-encephalograms and quantisation of breakdown
     products in urine as practical indices of human exposure to  pesticides,

   - Provided the basis for comparison of the effects of the many pesticidal
     compounds which EPA must regulate.

1974 Objectives

   - Develop and refine industrial safety evaluation protocols required by
     EPA for pesticide registration.

   - Using field data, develop possible approaches  to control pests by
     methods other than applying pesticides.

   - Develop methodology to determine the acute and chronic toxicity of
     carbamates and organo-phosphorus pesticides.
                                                                     RD-29

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Radiation
   SECTION TAB

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                        Research and Development

                               Radiation

Purpose

     The radiation research and development program supports research
on the health effects of human exposure to both ionizing and nonionizing
radiation.  This work is carried out in support of EPA's radiation
standards setting programs.

                                                                Increase
                                    1973          1974        or Decrease
Budget Authori ty
  Processes and Effects...    $2,287,000    $2.470.500	+$183.500

      Total	     2,287,000     2,470,500           +183,500

End-of-Year Employment
  Processes and Effects...            88            88                ...
      Total	            88            88

Man-Years, Total	            85            85
                                                                   RD-30

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Summary of Increases and Decreases
                                      1973           1974         Change
                                                       _
Processes and Effects           $2.287,000     $2,470,500      +$183.500
    To provide for the increased salary costs  of the 1973 pay raise
    and for a slight expansion in research of  the effects of selected
    radionuclides, including krypton.
                                                                   RD-31

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                        Research and Development

                               Radiation
                         Processes and Effects

                            Justification

                                         1973          ]974_        Change

Processes and effects	       $2,287,000    $2,470,500     +$183,500

     The rapid increase in both the number of nuclear power reactors  and
the number of more powerful  transmitting antennae leads to an  increasing
rate of exposure of the population to sources of ionizing and  nonionizing
radiation.

     The major uncertainty for nonionizing radiation  is the potential
health effects of chronic exposure to levels below the current standard
which is set on the basis of acute exposure leading to thermal  effects.
The mechanism of interaction of low power level  exposure must  be
understood to verify the  current standards.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise  and
for a slight expansion in research of the effects of selected  radionuclides,
including krypton.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Developed an improved basis for evaluating exposure to strontium,
     as a function of the age of animals.

   - Improved in-vitro technique for screening potential co-carcinogenic
     agents using highly purified virus DNA.

1974 Objectives

   - Determine critical organ of exposure and median lethal dose for
     selected animals exposed to krypton.

   - Complete cytogenetic studies which elucidate abnormalities
     induced by low level nonionizing radiation exposure.
                                                                    RD-32

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Noise
 SECTION TAB

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                          Research and Development

                                   Noise
Purpose
     The noise research and development effort concentrates on
coordinating the research programs of all Federal agencies as mandated
by Congress, In order to expand and improve the scientific/technological
base in critical areas related to EPA's responsibilities under the Noise
Control Act of 1972.  In support of EPA's responsibilities related
to the standard setting and enforcement role of the Agency, effects research
is needed to develop criteria which Congress has stated will be the
basis for setting any noise emission standards.  There are numerous
gaps in knowledge and extensive areas of technical and scientific
disagreements that require a continuing research effort.  The early
development and implementation of the required research coordination
program will substantially resolve these problems.

                                                             Increase
                                1973         1974          or Decrease

Budget Authority
 Processes and Effects      $280,800     $550.000	+$269.200

       Total	       280,800      550,000             +269,200

End-of-Year Employment
 Processes and Effects           ...	3_	+3_

       Total.,	           ...            3                   +3

Han-Years, Total	           ...            3                   +3
                                                                    ED-33

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Summary of Increases and Decreases


                                1973         1974          Change

Processes and Effects	$280,800     $550,000       +$269,200

     To expand the noise research program to meet the new
     requirements of the Noise Control Act of 1972 for coordination
     and reporting of the noise research activities of all  Federal
     agencies.
                                                                    RD-34

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                         Research and Development

                                   Noi se
                           Processes and Effects

                               Justification
                                1973         1974          Change

Processes and effects...    $280,800     $550,000       +$269,200

     The Noise Control Act of 1972 requires that EPA coordinate the
noise research programs of all  Federal agencies.  Presently, the
noise research programs of other Federal agencies (approximately 17
components) encompass annual expenditures of $30 to $40 million with
80-90 percent of these efforts  being devoted to the development of
equipment and technology to  suppress and control noise.  The new Act
also requires EPA to prepare periodic reports on the status and
progress of the noise research  activities of Federal agencies.  The
EPA noise research program is,  in part, devoted to meeting these
requirements.

     The new Act requires EPA to establish noise emission standards
for construction and transportation equipment and for commercial
products.  To support this standards setting effort, an assessment
of the current state-of-art of noise control devices and technology
is needed and further research  and development of improved technology
is required.  The remainder of EPA's noise research program is directed
toward these objectives.

PurposeofIncrease

     To expand the noise research program to meet the new requirements
of the Noise Control Act of 1972 for coordination and reporting of the
noise research activities of all Federal agencies.

Significant 1973Accomplishments  ;

   - Collected and compiled existing data and information on the effects
     of noise and vibrations on human health and well-being.

1974 Objectives

   - Develop a program to coordinate the noise research activities of
     the Federal agencies.

   - Prepare a report on the status and progress of federally supported
     noise research programs.
                                                                     RD-35

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- Continue the collection and assessment of information on existing
  devices and technology for controlling noise.

- Initiate development of improved noise control technology.

- Develop a program to transfer existing research results to
  potential users of such results.
                                                                 RD-36

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Interdisciplinary
       SECTION TAB

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                         Research and Development

                             Interdisciplinary
Purpose
     The interdisciplinary research and development program embodies
those research activities which cut across media and categorical  lines
to provide solutions to multimedia problems.  This program includes
sociological, ecological, and economics research;   technology forecasting;
technology transfer;  monitoring;  quality control; and basic research on
the effects of long-term, low dose exposures to toxic materials.   These
activities are focused on providing the basic information and analytical
tools necessary for developing effective, comprehensive environmental
protection strategies.

                                                             Increase
                                1973         1974          or Decrease

Budget Authori ty
 Processes and Effects   $12,587,100  $13,149,400            +$562,300
 Control Technology...     1.181,100    1,322,800   	+141,700

       Total	    13,768,200   14,472,200             +704,000

En d- o f - Ye arr Emp 1 oymen t
 Processes and Effects           180          180
 Control Technology...     a__ „, f:;::,:	I?„..,.,.      12	r	  	._._.

       Total	           192          192

Man-Years, Total.	           186          186
                                                                    RD-37

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Research and Develop

    Interdisciplinajj
  Processes and Efffj

      Justification
                  1973           W
                                    ?
affects..  $12,587,100  $13,149

lents of this program can be cl  sii
jlementation research; (2) Envf  '—'
;  and (4) the National Center f
Vs role in combating environrnl  alj
istic levels of environmental |  lii
-ilations, and appropriate abatf
provides the capabilities for f  si]
and performing benefit analyse|  eej
>, regulations, and control sti
iards and complex regulations I    ,»
 the appropriate set of appropi?  tef
)timize total environmental quei  1--
 and benefits of alternate stra
Dlementing optimum strategies a  "si,
ilopment of environmental  contr  , or
'sources for pollution abatement
th work initiated to utilize a   '.
tal  and ecological  impacts of p)  '
tinuing consideration needs to
nental  technological developmer|
Fficient and cost-effective nor|  llij
"e forwarded.                  |     s

ital  studies research is  concevj  d v
Jdeling and methodologies  devel|  mri
jarch,  and comprehensive  enviro]
seen as being related in  that J  ^\
;o be used, along with other tef  ii^
;s to achieve effective environj   "
)nducted in this area is  highly!
is at understanding  and evaluatf  :
environment in  order to  be ablf  "
impacts.   A program  of research!
i  the area of environmental  resf  "cFf
"ded  to these  institutions in a]  att
:onduct  effective research in e
                                Summary of  Increases and Decreases
                                1973
                                                                                         1974
Processes and Effects    $12,587,100  $13,149,400       +$

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973
     to cover the full-year employment costs of new positi
     in 1973, and to expand the analytical quality control
     of the Office of Monitoring.
                                Control Technology
                           1,181,100    1.322,800
                                     To provide  for  the  increased  salary costs of the 197:
                                     and  to  cover  the  full-year employment  costs of new pc
                                     filled  in 1973,

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;               The Office of Monitoring has the responsibility to review and audit
          the several monitoring programs operated by the Offices of Air and Water
M."        Programs and Categorical Programs to insure that they are coordinated
: ?]        to achieve maximum effectiveness and to integrate them whenever possible.
          The Office of Monitoring also operates a quality assurance program
          to maintain uniform, scientifically-sufficient analytical methods
f|S        throughout EPA's numerous  laboratories and it assesses and disseminates
£•$        information on new monitoring and analytical methods.

"'"             The National Center for Toxicological Research is being developed
<  ;        jointly by the Food and Drug Administration and EPA as a national
          facility to study the long-term effects of low doses of chemical
-  ,        toxicants.  Past research efforts associated with chemical toxicants and
          their effects on man and the environment have been oriented toward
  '        investigation of highly concentrated doses.  Concern has arisen in the
          scientific community regarding the possibility that much more severe
          damage to man and the environment  may be occurring through low dose
  '        exposure to chemical toxicants over a long period of time.  Research
          must be undertaken to evaluate such cumulative, low dosage effects.

  ;        Purpose of Increase

               To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay  raise,
          to cover the full-year employment costs of new positions filled in
          1973, and to expand and improve the quality assurance program for air
          and water analyses.  Relative to this latter item, increased effort
          will be devoted to the inter-laboratory testing and evaluation  of
          regional and State laboratory capabilities for conducting air sample
          analyses.  This effort was started in 1973 and requires expansion to
          enable planned decentralization of EPA's air monitoring activities.
  '        In addition, the ongoing effort of preparing and distributing reference
          water samples to laboratories will be expanded to complement the
          increased water quality monitoring required by the Federal Water
          Pollution  Control Amendments of 1972.

          Si gnificant 1973 Accompli shments

            Implementation research:       ;

             - Developed methods  for evaluating impacts of single media regulation
,-. i              (e.g. air standards) on other media  (e.g., water, land) in order
"*'*             to identify total  environmental  impact.

 I '           - Identified economically efficient environmental  actions through
 "             improved estimation of both benefit  and cost functions for
               various  levels  of  pollution abatement.

             - Examined feasible  systems  of economic  incentives to  complement
               and  strengthen  regulatory  authority, e.g. sulfur tax proposals.
                                                                              RD-40

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 - Supported standard setting and enforcement in  the energy area
   by participation in Southwest Energy Study of  air pollution
   consequences from fossil  fuel plants.

 - Contributed to a comparative study of the environmental  impacts  of
   alternate fuel cycles.

 - Contributed to evaluation of impact statements processed under
   the National Environmental Policy Act.

Environmental studies research:

 - Developed a methodology which communities can  use to devise  the
   most effective strategies to achieve mandated  air quality standards.

 - Continued developmental work on an operating river basin model
   with the aim of evolving it into a general environmental model.

 - Initiated design and development of the Strategic Environmental
   Assessment System.

Monitoring:

 - Initiated an inter!aboratory testing and evaluation program.

 - Continued efforts of preparing and distributing water reference
   samples to laboratories,

 - Initiated program to utilize expertise of other government agencies
   in testing and evaluating new remote and contact sensors under
   ambient conditions in conjunction with on-site assays.

National Center for Toxicological Research:

 - Completed conversion of former military facility at Pine Bluff,
   Arkansas, to a civilian research center on toxic effects of
   long-term, low dose exposures to chemicals.

 - Completed the establishment of specific pathogen-free laboratory
   animal breeding colony.

 - Initiated the establishment of experimental protocols for core
   program studies.

 - Initiated preliminary experiment to provide basis for chronic
   lifetime studies at the 0.01 effective dose level.

 - Completed a diagnostics laboratory capable of monitoring
   microbial and viral profiles of facilities and laboratory animals.
                                                                  RD-41

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             - Completed a diet preparation facility capable of mixing chemicals
               with feed under sterile conditions.

             - Initiated pathology, teratology, and animal  care training programs
               to develop capabilities not currently existing.
iir;
IIS       1974 Objectives
            Implementation research:

             - Develop economic and social systems alternatives to complement
               and strengthen EPA pollution abatement in the energy sector.

             - Develop methods for analyzing and improving the reliability of
               environmental management systems based on standards.

             - Evaluate improvement of standard setting and enforcement to
               achieve environmental quality through impact analysis,
               especially of the secondary impacts of activities (e.g.,
               infrastructure investments).

            Environmental studies research:

             - Bring to operational status the prototype version of the
               Strategic Environmental Assessment System.

             - Prepare and issue a handbook for the use of local planners
               synthesizing the research results achieved in developing a
               methodology which communities can use to explore the most effective
               strategies they can utilize in achieving mandated air quality
               standards.

            Monitoring:

             - Implement an Agency-wide standardization and quality control
               program that covers all environmental monitoring activities of
               the EPA.

             - Extend above programs, insofar as possible, to cover State and
               local environmental monitoring activities.

             - Substantially increase interlaboratory testing and evaluation
               programs.

             - Complete evaluation of methods for air measurement as required by
               legislation.

             - Implement a data audit and improvement program to ensure that all
               of EPA1s monitoring data is void of errors, readily accessible to
               all users, and in the appropriate format.
                                                                               RD-42

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 - Develop techniques for improving the utility of data for multiple
   analytical  purposes.
 - Assure development and testing of new and improved environmental
   monitoring  techniques.
 - Assure efficient and  effective operation of monitoring networks
   in support  of EPA's research program.
National Center for lexicological Research:
 - Continue the development of experimental protocols for core program
   studies.
 - Continue experiments  on chronic lifetime studies at the 0.01  effective
   dose level.
 - Continue pathology, teratology*, and animal care training programs
   at the Center.
                                                                  RD-43

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                                  Research and Development
n
|!                                    Interdi sci pi inary
                                     Control Technology
***,
ji                                      Justification
  }
                                          1973          1974          Change

          Control  technology	    $1,181,100    $1,322,800       +$141,700

               This  activity  represents  EPA's Technology Transfer Program.   In
          the  coming decade,  billions of dollars  will be invested in the
          construction of  pollution  control  and abatement facilities.  The
          objectives of  the Technology Transfer Program is to effectively
          impact  the construction  and operation of  these facilities to ensure
          that the latest  viable technologies are transferred to potential
          users to eliminate  the possibility of an  enormous  investment in
          obsolete facilities.  The  Technology Transfer Program is designed
          to bridge  the  gap between  research and  full-scale  use by evaluating
          and  transferring newly developed successful technology to industries9
          consulting engineers, municipal  and State design engineers,
          administrative decision-makers,  and others exerting  influence  over the
          design  and construction  of pollution control  facilities.

          Purpose ofIncrease

               To provide  for the  increased salary  costs of  the 1973 pay raise
          and  to  cover the full-year employment costs of new positions filled
          in 1973.

          S1 gn if1 cant 19 73 Ac pomp 1i's hme n t s

            - Presented six  regular design seminars to approximately 750
               professional design engineers covering the availability of new
               municipal waste water treatment technologies.

            - Initiated ten  seminars on infiltration control  (runoff water  entering
               treatment works causing overloads) in response  to Section 201 (g)  (3)
               of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of  1972.

            - Initiated a industrial seminar program and presented seven seminars
               to small  industrial  manufacturers  covering new environmental
               pollution control technology.
                                                                              RD-44

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   - Distributed,  upon request,  80,000 design  manuals  for  use  by
     municipal  waste water design  engineers.
   - Prepared design manuals  for pulp/paper  and  iron/steel  industries,
1974 Objectives
   - Present ten regular design  seminars  for municipal  and  industrial
     design engineers.
   - Prepare design manuals on  nitrogen control  and  the use of oxygen
     aeration for municipal waste  water treatment plants.
   - Prepare industrial design  manuals on the  power  and textile industry
     including subject matter on air monitoring.
                                                                    RO-45

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    Program
Management and
    Support
     SECTION TAB

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                          Research and Development

                       Program Management and Support
                                   **
Purpose
	K	.

     This activity encompasses the overall management of and support
for the Research and Development programs described in the foregoing
sections.

                                                               Increase
                                       1973          1974    or Decrease
Budget Authority
  Program Management	      $6,023,600    $5,916,900      -$106,700
  Program Support	       8,200,000    11,526,000     +3,325,900
  Grant and Contract Review
    Committees.	       2,5QQ,QQQ	i	._._.	-2.500,000

         Total		      16,723,700    17,442,900       +719,200

End-of-Year Employment
  Program Management.......             263           263
  Program Support	             ...           ...           ....
  Grant and Contract Review
    Committees.	             ...           ...
         Total.	        .     263-           263

Man-Years, Total....	             255           255
                                                                    RD-46

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Summary of Increases and Decreases

                                1973         1974          Change
Program Management	$6,023.600   $5,916,900	-$106.700
     A decrease in funding requirements made possible by a reduction
     in staff during 1973.
Program Support	8,200.100   11.526,000      +3,325,900
     To cover a prorated share of increased funding requirements for
     common support services—refer to the section on Agency and
     Regional Management for a description of these requirements.
Grant and Contract
 Review Committees	2,500,000	._._.	-2,500,000
     A reduction for this purpose is achieved due to the Agency
     requirement that such  committees  will be funded by the
     programs concerned.
                                                                    RD-47

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                          Research and Development

                             Management and Support
                              Justification
                                1973  ..      1974
                                       $5,916,900       -$1069700

     This activity provides  for  the overall management of the Office of
Research .and f*tofn"torfng9  including the  four National Environmental
         Centers,   It involves the development of program policies
and strategies9 the overall  planning  of research and development
activities, the monitoring and review of program performance, and
the direction of the program activities perforated in headquarters
and tte National Environmental Research Centers.  The activity also
provides for t regional  research representative and staff 1n each
of the ten regional offices.  To carry  out these functions^ this
activity provides for the following staffing of managerial personnel:

                                                  1J73   '   1974

     •Office of Research  and Monitoring......         7         7
                                     ........        27        27
                                     .......        31        31
     Office of Program Operations...........        85        85
     National Environmental  Research  Centers        71   -     71
     Regional Research Representatives......        42        42
                      requirements  of this  activity will be less than .:
      of 1973 because of a reduction In  the staffing  of the above
offices        1973 (these reductions are  reflected in the above staffing
figures for both 1973 and 1974),   The increased  salary costs of the
               are offset by the  reduced funding requirements.
                                                                    RD-48

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                         Research and Development

                      Program Management and Support
                              Program Support

                               Justification
                                1973         1974          Change

Program support	     $8,200,100  $11,526,000     +$3,325,900

     This element constitutes the prorated share of EPA's total
funding requirements for common support services.  These funding
requirements cover certain agencywide and regional  lease, communication,
and other common service costs which are managed through a single
headquarters and ten regional accounts.  These requirements are
fully described in the section covering Agency and Regional Management.
The prorated share charged under this element represents that portion
required to support the programs funded and conducted under the
Research and Development appropriation account.

Purposeof Increase

     This increase, together with those under similar elements under
the Abatement and Control and Enforcement appropriation accounts, are
described under the section covering Agency and Regional Management.
                                                                     RD-49

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                         Research and Development

                      Program Management and Support
                   Grant and Contract Review Committees

                                Justification
                                  1973           1974          Change

Grant and contract review
  committees.... .........   $2,500,000            ...     -$2,500,000

     In 1973, the House Appropriations Committee earmarked, by appropriation
language, $2,500,000 for Research and Development specifically to fund
advisory committees.  The committee indicated the job of cleaning up the
environment is so big and so important to the future of our country that
it is absolutely essential that we utilize such resources as we can in a
manner that will yield the greatest return.  Therefore, they recommended
that advisory committees be utilized to review the priority of the Agency
and to advise the Administrator as to which contracts or grants will provide
the greatest return to the Agency in relation to those priorities.

     As a result of this action, an exhaustive review was conducted of the
existing advisory committee structure, its possible use in complying with
the requirements of the Appropriation Act, and the use of existing and
new advisory committees in the Agency's complex grant and contract programs.
The review was difficult in view of the stringent requirements of the
Federal Advisory Committee Act of 1972, effective January 5, 1973;
however, EPA now has various committees designated to fulfill these
requirements.

Purpose of Decrease

     The budget proposes the elimination of the specific earmarking of
funds in the appropriation language for this purpose.  However, EPA will
still continue this committee review process in 1974 with funding to be.
accommodated by the programs concerned, since the review also indicated
that the funds required were considerably less than that earmarked for
1973,
                                                                  RD-50

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

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                         Abatement and Control

Purpose

     Abatement and control  activities include programs in air and water
pollution control, water supply  and radiation  protection^ solid and toxic
waste managements pesticides control, and noise abatement.

     Efforts entail developing environmental  standards; monitoring and
surveillance of pollution conditions; grant support for State and local
pollution control planning; direct Federal  pollution control  planning;
grant support for State, regional, and local  pollution control  programs;
technical assistance to pollution control agencies and organizations;
assistance to Federal agencies in complying wtih environmental  standards
and insuring that their activities have minimum environmental impact; and
training to increase the supply of and improve the skills of pollution
control personnel.  Also included is the overall management and support; of
the abatement and control programs.

Budget Authority                    1.972 -1       1973           J974

  Air		,	    $75,127,900   $80,807,400,.  $79,734,700,,
  Water Quality	     59,140,500   120,490,8002.'  196,909,300H/
  Water Supply	      1,716,900     2,014,500      2,052,100  .
  Solid Wastes	      9S547,20CK   12,942,300"     3,560,000
  Pesticides.	     12,543,700    14,112,200     17,224,500
  Radiation.	      4,406,200   . 4,848,100      4,650,700
  Noise	        965,800     2,083,100      3,487,500
  Program Management and
    Support	     26.009.800    24.736.200     31,481.600

       Total		    189,458,000   262,034,600    339,100,400; '
Manpower Resources                        1_973              1974

  End-of-Year Employment	            3,454             3,605
  Man-Years.		            3,347             3,442
a/ Provided for comparative purposes and represents resources approved
   under the appropriation "Operations, Research, and Facilities" for
   activities now carried under this appropriation.

b/ Includes contract authority for Areawide Waste Treatment Management
   Grants of $50 million in 1973 and $96 million in 1974.  None of the
   1973 authority and $21 million of the 1974 authority is expected to
   be used in 1974 and liquidated in future years.
                                                                        AC-1

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 Air
SECTION TAB

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                         Abatement and Control

                                  Air

Purpose

     The air abatement and control program encompasses those activities
carried out by EPA to implement the Clean Air Act, as amended, with the
exception of activities related directly to research and development and
enforcement, which are covered under separate  appropriations.  The
abatement and control activities include:  development, establishment,
and implementation of ambient air quality standards, stationary source
standards, and mobile source standards.  Because the primary responsibility
for the control of pollution at its source lies with the States and
communities, most of EPA's abatement and control efforts are oriented
toward support of State and local efforts.  The bulk of the resources
under this program are in the form of grants to State and local air
pollution control agencies; EPA activities in monitoring and surveillance
are in direct support of the State and local programs; EPA provides
technical assistance to the State and local agencies in development and
operation of their programs; and EPA provides or supports training to
improve the skills of State and local air pollution control personnel as
well as to increase the availability of air pollution control manpower.
Also, under this program, EPA assists other Federal agencies to bring
their facilities into conformance with prevailing air pollution standards
and helps ensure that the programs, projects, and  other activities of
Federal agencies produce a minimum air pollution impact.

                                                               Increase
                                        1973         1974     orDecrease
Budget Authority
  Mobile Sources	     $9,325,200   $9,807,500       +$482,300
  Stationary Source Standards
   and Guidelines	      6,246,000    6,280,100         +34,100
  Ambient Trend Monitoring...        952,300      976,700         +24,400
  Technical  Assistance	     10,925,400    9,052,400      -1,873,000
  Academic Training Grants...      2,556,900    2,100,000        -456,900
  Control Agency Support	     50,801,600   51.518,000	+716.400

         Total	     80,807,400   79,734,700      -1,072,700

End-of-Year Employment
  Mobile Sources.		            160          160
  Stationary Source Standards
   and Guidelines	            125          120              -.5
  Ambient Trend Monitoring...             -43           43
  Technical  Assistance	            369          310             -59
  Academic Training Grants...
  Control Agency Support.	   	5	._j_.	-5

         Total		            702          633             -69

Man-Years, Total	            680          614             -6,6

                                                                         AC-2

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       Summary of Increases and Decreases
                                              1973           1974          Change
. J     Mobile Sources	$9,325,200    $9.807,500      +$482,300

11       Standards,  guidelines,  and
jifj        regulations.....	   3,172,000     3,239,400        +67,400

 ^          To provide for the increased salary costs  of the  1973 pay raise.

         Monitoring  and surveillance...   6,153,200     6,568,100       +414,900

  !          To support the intensified vehicle certification  program initiated in
            1973 and to provide for  the  increased salary costs  of the 1973 pay
            raise.

       Stationary Source Standards and
         Guidelines	6.246.000     6.280,100        +34.100

            To provide for the increased salary costs  of the  1973 pay raise.

       Ambient Trend Monitoring	952.300	976,700	 +24,400

            To provide for the increased salary costs  of the  1973 pay raise.

       Technical Assistance	10.925,400,    9,052,400      -1.873,000

         Technical  information and
          assistance	   8,102,100    6,284,800      -1,817,300

            To cover the comparative transfer of 59 positions to the Enforcement
            appropriation account for enforcement of State implementation plans,
            new source performance standards and hazardous air pollutant emission
            standards.

         Federal activities	     719,400      742,800         +23,400

            To provide for the increased salary costs  of the  1973 pay raise.

  •       Manpower training and planning  2,103,900    2,024,800         -79,100

            A reduction in 1974 funding requirements which offsets the increased
 \i         salary costs of the 1973 pay raise and provides the decrease indicated.
  \
         Academic Training Grants	2,556,900    2,100,000        -456»900

            The decrease in 1974 reflects EPA's intention to shift from a
            traineeship program to a scholarship program at the- bachelor/masters
            level.
                                                                                AC-3

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                                    1973             1974        Change

Control  Agency Support	50,801.600       51,518,000      +716.400

     To  increase grant assistance to State and local  agencies  to  aid  them
     in  executing and enforcing State implementation  plans.
                                                                        AC-4

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                            Abatement and Control

                                     Air
                                Mobile Sources

                                Justification
                                	
     The mobile sources program includes the development of motor vehicle,
aircraft, and fuel standards and regulations; the certification of new
vehicles for conformity with applicable motor vehicle emission standards;
the testing of vehicles for confirmation of emissions data submitted by
manufacturers; and the testing of in-use vehicles to determine emissions
performance.

                                                1973         1974    Change

Standards, guidelines, and regulations..  $3,172,000   $3,239,400  +$67,400

     This activity includes the development of emission standards for
mobile sources; the assessment of the need for changes in the standards
or the need to extend coverage to sources not currently controlled; and
the development of procedures used to set and assure compliance with the
emission standards.  The light duty emission standards assessment ha,s
been the most important activity.  The stringent emission standards
required by the Clean Air Act for 1975 (for hydrocarbons and carbon
monoxide) and 1976 (nitrogen oxides) model year light duty vehicles
has resulted in a need for continuous assessment of the technology
available to meet such standards.  Manufacturers are authorized to apply
for suspension of the emission standards' applicability for one year if
certain strict conditions are met.  The EPA Administrator, beforq granting
the suspension, must find that:  (1) the suspension is essential to tjie
public interest or health and welfare; (2) all good faith efforts have
been made to meet the standards; (3) the manufacturer has established that
effective control techniques are not available; and (4) other evidence
available corroborates the manufacturer's contention.  Manufacturers
submitted applications for suspension of the 1975 standards in early 19,72;
their requests were denied.  The courts have ordered the Administrator to
review his action and new hearings are required.

     Standards development effort is also devoted toward the control of
emissions from other sources including heavy duty vehicles and aircraft.
Revised heavy duty  vehicle standards were set in 1973.  Aircraft emission
standards covering exhaust emissions from new and in-use aircraft gas
turbine engines, new aircraft piston engines, and new and in-use gas
turbine aircraft have been proposed.  In addition, assessments are being
                                                                        AC-5

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made to determine the need for controlling other mobile sources such as
motorcycles, recreational vehicles, and medium duty vehicles.

Purpose of Increase
    .    .    .

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

S i gn i f i cant 1973 Accompl i shments

-    Conducted suspension hearings and determined the need for granting
     extensions of light duty motor vehicle standards applicable to
     1975 and 1976 model-year vehicles.

     Promulgated revised heavy duty vehicle emission standards.

     Promulgated light duty Diesel engine emission standards.

     Promulgated aircraft emission standards.

1974 Objectives

     Continue the assessment of the technological feasibility of meeting
     the 1975 and 1976 light duty vehicle emission standards.

     Promulgate emission standards for medium duty vehicles.

     Reassess technical aspects of the aircraft standards to  be
     promulgated during 1973.

                                                1973         1974

Monitoring and surveillance.......	..   6,153,200    6,568,100  +414,900

     This program includes the certification of prototype light duty
vehicles and heavy duty engines for conformity with applicable motor
vehicle emission standards, the testing of selected vehicles  and engines
for confirmation of the emissions data submitted by manufacturers,  and
the testing of in-use motor vehicles to establish their emissions
performance.  The certification program is presently the single most
important aspect of the overall program for assuring that new motor
vehicles are manufactured with the capability to meet emission standards,
The need to place increased emphasis on this program was demonstrated in
1972 when the Ford Motor Company violated some of the conditions governing
the testing of prototypes, jeopardizing its ability to receive certification
in time to market its 1973 model vehicles.  This incident led to the
intensification of EPA's efforts in checking on the procedures followed by
manufacturers in testing their vehicles and in accumulating mileage on
their prototypes.  The intensified certification effort includes visits
                                                                      AC-6

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to manufacturers'  facilities to determine the existence of potential  or
actual problem areas,   The resolution of problems prior to testing will
significantly improve the chances of avoiding problems in future
certification activities.  Testing in-use vehicles is done to evaluate
their contribution to air pollution and to provide an information base
from which to determine whether manufacturers should be required to
recall classes of vehicles found to have defective emission control
devices.

PurposeofIncrease

     To support the intensified vehicle certification program initiated
in 1973 and to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay
raise.

Sign1ficant 1973 Accpmplj shments

     Contributed information leading to the recall of 2,290 vehicles
     found to be in violation of certification conditions.

     Completed certification of 1974 model-year light duty vehicles and
     heavy duty engines for conformity with emissions standards.

1974 Objectives

     Complete certification of 1975 model-year light duty vehicles and
     heavy duty engines.

     Carry out an intensified certification program.
                                                                        AC-7

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                         Abatement and Control

                                  Air
              Stationary Source Standards and Guidelines

                             Justification

                                       1973           1974      Change

Stationary source standards
 and guidelines	    $6,246,000     $6,280,100    +$34,100

     This program includes the setting of New Source Performance
Standards (NSPS), National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutant Sources (NESHAPS), and National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS)  making changes or additions  in these standards;
assessing the need to control any substance found to be an air
pollutant; and carrying out supportive studies  and the promulgation
of ancillary regulations.  NAAQS for the most significant pollutants,
currently identified (sulfur dioxide, parttculates, nitrogen diox^cje,
carbon monoxide, and photochemical oxidants and hydrocarbons) have
been set.  NESHAPS are in process for the most  significant sources
of mercury, asbestos, and beryllium; it is expected that these
standards will be promulgated before the end of FY 1973.  The control
of NAAQS is in process through the State Implementation Plans (SIP?).
The bulk of the work on NAAQS is (and will be in the future) SIP
preparation, with modifications of the standards leading to changes
in SIPs.  The NSPS are the basic tool for controlling pollutant
emissions from new stationary sources.

     NSPS are based on emission levels achievable by the best adequately
demonstrated system of emission reduction.  The application of this
type of controls by new or modified sources will result in substantial
improvements in emission reductions and in nationwide protection against
undue deterioration of air quality.  NSPS will  avoid by requiring all
new sources to meet the same emission limitations, the proliferation
of highly polluting sources that may be built away from current priority
air quality control regions in attempts to evade State regulations
prepared for the control of sources in the high pollution areas.  An
additional benefit to be derived from NSPS is the incentive provided to
industry for the development of improved technology to more effectively
meet the standards.  The potential sources to be covered by NSPS
number more than a hundred.  NSPS have been set for large power plants,
municipal incinerators, portland cement plants, nitric acid plants, and
sulfuric acid plants.  Emissions' limitations have been set for new or
modified plants in these categories for particulates, sulfur dioxide,
nitrogen oxides, and sulfuric and nitric acid mists.  Additional groups
of sources will be covered in the future.  Under consideration are
                                                                        AC-8

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  ;    asphalt concrete plants; petroleum refineries; storage vessels for
      petroleum liquids; secondary lead smelters; brass and bronze ingot
      production plants; iron and steel mills; sewage treatment plants}
      primary copper, zinc,  and lead smelters; and a host of other industries,
,<}    In the case of pollutants for which no criteria has been published
'l|"    (and no NAAQS are applicable), the Clean Air Act provides for the
      preparation by States of plans for the control of existing sources to
*H    which a NSPS would be applicable if they were new.  The applicability
si'*>    of NSPS to new sources and modifications for NAAQS pollutants and
      to all sources for other pollutants makes these standards a powerful
;  .    tool for reducing pollutant emissions.  As such, they constitute the
 t    main effort carried out under this activity.

           Supportive studies are carried out to determine the economic
,  ,    impact of emission standards, the sources of pollutants in specific
      industries, and the need to control these industries.  Assessments
      of the need to control additional pollutants are also made, based
      on information made available by health or welfare effects research
  ;    work.

      Purposeof Increase

           To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay  raise.

      Sjjnifjcant .j_9_7_3_ Accompl ishments

         - Revised the secondary sulfur dioxide National Ambient Air Quality
           Standards.                           •

         - Promulgated National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant
           Sources for significant sources of asbestos,  mercury, and beryllium,

         - Promulgated New Source Performance Standards for asphalt concrete
           plants, petroleum refineries, storage vessels for petroleum liquids,
           secondary lead smelters, brass and bronze ingot production plants,
           iron and steel mills (in part), and sewage treatment plants.

      1974 Objectives

         - Promulgate New Source Performance Standards for Kraft pulp mills,
           aluminum reduction, coal cleaning plants, ferroallory plants, gas
           turbines, iron and steel mills (in part), and phosphate fertilizer
           plants.
                                                                          AC-9

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                           Abatement and Control

                                    Ai r
                         Ambient Trend  Monitoring

                               Justification
                                     1973           1974          Chanqe
Ambient trend monitoring...       $952,300       $976,700        +$24,400
     The ambient air monitoring program is  carried out by EPA's
National Aerometric Surveillance Network.   This  network supplements
State and local  air quality monitoring systems.   The program includes
the collection,  storage, processing, and analysis of national  air
quality data for the purpose of establishing trends and evaluating
State and local  monitoring efforts.   The Federal  network consists of
some 250 stations which provide quality control  audit to approximately
2,000 State and  local stations which operate under approved  State
implementation plans.  States submit their  air quality data  to EPA
through the quarterly reports set up under  State implementation  plans.
EPA processes  and summarizes these  data to provide an assessment of
progress toward  achieving ambient air quality standards.

Purpose of Increase

     To meet the increased salary costs of  the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Provided information on ambient air concentrations of sulfur
     dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and  total  suspended particulates.

   - Summarized  and published air quality data collected in  1969,
     1970, and 1971.

1974 Objectives                    ,

   - Provide information on ambient  air concentration of sulfur
     dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and  total  suspended particulates.

   - Summarize air quality data submitted by States to assess
     progress toward achieving air quality  standards.
                                                                        AC-10

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                           Abatement and Control

                                    Air
                           Technical Assistance

                               Justification
     This program includes the provision of technical  information
and assistance to State and local  agencies; the review, approval
or promulgation of State implementation plans; the review of
environmental impact statements; the surveillance of other Federal
agencies activities to assure compliance with standards; and the
conducting of manpower training and planning programs.
                                   1973           1974          Change

Technical information and
  assistance......... ....... $8,102,100     $6,284,800     -$1,817,300

     This program includes the review, approval, and preparation of
State implementation plans, the provision of assistance  to States and
local agencies in the technical aspects of air pollution control, the
assessment of the effectiveness of control strategies, the preparation
of technical  guidance materials for air pollution control  agency use,
the maintenance and updating of the national emissions data bank,
the monitoring of emergency air pollution episodes,  and  the review,
indexing, abstracting, retrieval, and distribution of air pollution
control literature.

     EPA is responsible for the review, approval, and promulgation
(where State plans are found inadequate) of State implementation
plans.  State plans for achieving compliance with primary National
Ambient Air Quality Standards have been in effect since  early
1973 for all  jurisdictions.  In addition, plans for achieving
compliance with secondary standards are in effect for 37 jurisdictions.
Plans for achieving secondary standards for sulfur dioxide and
particulate matter in the remaining 18 jurisdictions will  be
submitted in early 1974 for review and approval.  The prospective
change in the sulfur dioxide standard may alter this schedule,
extending the date for the submission of plans for achieving the sulfur
dioxide secondary standard to the latter part of 1974.  Significant
effort will also be devoted to the review and approval of transportation
control plans in 1973 and 1974.  Revisions of currently  approved plans
are expected to be numerous due to (1) changing environmental
conditions, (2) better understanding of specific States' air pollutiqn
problems, (3) potential changes in national  ambient air  quality
standards, and (4) recent and prospective court decisions  placing an
                                                                       AC-11

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additional burden on States for revising and resubmitting their plans
to EPA.

     Assistance to State and local  agencies complements the financial
assistance (described under Air Control Agency Support) given to
these agencies.  The close relationship maintained by EPA personnel
with State and local air pollution  control  personnel  facilitates
the application of the best techniques and procedures at all  levels
of government, leading to improvements in air pollution control.
EPA personnel assess the needs of specific control agencies and
provide advice on how to improve operations.  Advice  is supplemented
by the publication of manuals on subjects such as air quality
monitoring, laboratory services, permit processing, and enforcement
actions.  The abstracts of the literature on air pollution are made
available to control agencies as well as other parties interested
in air pollution control.  Atmospheric conditions that may lead to
exceptional buildups of pollutant  concentrations are monitored and
where these conditions indicate that an emergency episode is  likely
to occur, action is taken under the provisions of the Clean Air Act,
Such actions are taken by EPA only  after a State has  failed to act.

     The maintenance of a data bank with information  on nationwide
pollutant emissions allows estimates to be made of the national
air pollution status and the assessment of the effectiveness  of air
pollution control measures, such as emission standards and implementation
plans.  The emissions data, when coupled with other information on
items such as air quality, meteorologic factors, topography,  and
projected growth, allow prediction  of the impact that specific control
strategies will have on air quality.

Purpose of Decrease

     To cover the comparative transfer of 59 positions to the Enforcement
appropriation account for enforcement of State implementation plans,
new source performance standards, and hazardous air pollutant emission
standards.  This transfer is made possible by the decrease in peak
activities related to the preparation of State implementation plans.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Completed review and approval  or promulgation of implementation
     plans for achieving primary air quality standards for all States
     and for achieving secondary standards for 37 jurisdictions.

   - Provided assistance to remaining 18 states in preparing  plans
     for achieving secondary standards for sulfur dioxide and total
     suspended particulates.

   - Initiated review of transportation control plans received from
     States.
                                                                      AC-12

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1974 Objectives

   - Complete review and approval  or promulgate transportation control
     plans for all States that require them.

   - Review and approve or promulgate State implementation plans for
     achieving secondary air quality standards for the remaining 18
     jurisdictions not currently approved or promulgated.

   - Review and revise, where appropriate, State implementation plans
     in accordance with the Supreme Court decision on non-degradation,


                                  1973           1974          Change

Federal activities	     $719,400       $742,800        +$23,400

     The purpose of this program is to ensure that other Federal agencies'
activities produce a minimum air pollution effect and do not violate
prevailing standards.  Executive Order 11507 requires that all installations
owned or leased by the Federal Government comply with established
Federal, State, and local air and water pollution control  standards.
In addition, Executive Order 11514 requires the Federal  agencies to
prepare environmental impact statements on proposed actions.  These
statements are submitted to EPA for review and comment.

     In furtherance of these requirements, EPA develops  and issues
guidelines and procedures relating to the control of air pollution
from Federal facilities; provides consultation and technical assistance
to Federal agencies in development and implementation of their air
pollution control  plans and programs; compiles, stores,  and processes
data on the air pollutant emissions of Federal installations; reviews
agencies' environmental impact statements to determine the impact qf
proposed Federal projects or federally funded or licensed  actions on
the air environment; and provides assistance to the agencies in
improving the environmental protection measures associated with such
actions,

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Signifi cant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Provided technical advice and assistance to Federal agencies on
     a variety of problems relating to the prevention, control, and
     abatement of air pollution from Federal  facilities.
                                                                     AC-13

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              - Reviewed approximately 1,600 environmental impact statements
                and provided comments to the Federal agencies.

 "•             - Maintenance of air emission data on approximately 35OQO Federal
'<*               facilities located in the first 34 designated air quality
                control regions.
"Iff
*>• }           - Reviewed and evaluated fiscal plans from seven Federal agencies,
                involving 230 air pollution abatement projects.

           1974 Objectives

              - Continue to provide technical advice and assistance to Federal
                agencies.

              - Develop and issue appropriate program guidelines and procedures.

              - Review and comment on about 1,600 new environmental impact
                statements and emphasize follow-up on implementation of projects
 "^              covered by previously reviewed statements,

              - Monitor Federal facilities' compliance with applicable air quality
                standards and implementation schedules.

              - Update and expand data on air emissions and pollution controls
                at Federal facilities.

              - Review and evaluate Federal agencies' plans for installing, air
                pollution control measures.


                                             1973           1974          Change

           Manpower training and
             planning ...............   $2,103,900     $2,024,800        -$79,100
                    objective of the manpower training and planning program is to
           help meet manpower needs of S,tate and local programs.  The program
           includes the development and delivery of short courses for improving
           the skills of air pollution control personnel at the entry and
           advanced levels and the assessment of national training needs in air
           pollution control.  The program is oriented toward personnel employed
           by State and local agencies.

           Pu rpose  o f  De ere ase

               A reduction  in  1974  funding  requirements  which  offsets  the  increased
           salary costs  of  the  1973  pay  raise  and provides the  decrease  indicated.
                                                                                    AC-14

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Signif1 cant 1973 Accomp1i s hmen ts
   - Provided training  for  approximately 3,100 personnel
1974 Objectives
   - Provide training for approximately 3,100 personnel.
                                                                       AO15

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                                     Abatement and Control

                                              Air
 i?                                 Academic Training Grants

r,ft                                       Justifi Cation

ill
                                            1973           1974         Change
 • I                                                         •
          Academic training grants... $2,556,900     $2,100,000      -$456,900

 •*,             To help meet national needs for professional air pollution
 -,;        control manpower, EPA awards grants to universities and individuals
          to support both undergraduate and graduate air pollution control
          training.  The gap between supply and demand for air pollution
  !        control specialists at the State and local level has closed considerably
  '        over the past two to three years.  Increased concern for the
          environment among students has raised enrollments in air pollution
  ^        control courses and related degrees.  Universities have responded
          to these demands through increased course offerings.  The concern in
          academic manpower training has shifted from stimulating interest in
          air pollution to attracting superior students into the field.
          Commencing with the 1973-74 academic year, EPA support for academic
          training will shift from a traineeship program to a scholarship
          program at the bachelor/masters level.  Fellowships which are aimed
          at employees of State and local agencies wi'll continue.

          Purpose of Decrease

               The decrease in 1974 reflects EPA's intention to shift from a
          traineeship program to a scholarship program at the bachelor/
          masters level.

          Significant 1973_^_ccpnip1_ishnients

             - Awarded 70 fellowships at the graduate level for the training
 , ,'             of State and local control agency personnel.

             - Provided support to 250 students pursuing air pollution-
 *(«             related courses of study at both the graduate and undergraduate
               levels.
                                                                                AC-16

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                          Abatement and Control

                                   Ai r
                         Control  Agency Support

                              Justification

                                     1973            1974        Change

Control agency support.....    $50,801,600     $51,518,000     +$716,400

     As authorized under the Clean Air Act, assistance is provided to
State and local agencies through  control  agency  grants,  assignment of
personnel to State agencies, special contract support, and demonstration
grants.  The primary purpose of these support activities is to assist
State and local agencies in  developing and implementing  plans  to
achieve and sustain ambient  air quality standards.   Grant funds provide
for conducting control  programs in their entirety and include  monitoring,
enforcement, administration, laboratory services, and other activities.
To bolster State capability, EPA personnel are assigned  to State and
local agencies for two-year  term appointments.  Based upon this support,
implementation plans developed by the 55 jurisdictions covered by the
Clean Air Act are already approvable in whole or in part.

     For cases in which States require special assistance for  the
performance of specialized tasks, such as the development of emission
inventories and transportation control plans, the services of  EPA
contractors are available.  EPA enters into contracts with a series of
firms for services to be provided upon call.   This  arrangement greatly
speeds up the availability of contractors' services to States  and permits
States to comply with the short deadlines imposed by the Clean Air Act
and various court orders that impose requirements on the States.

Purpose of Increase

     To increase grant assistance to State and local agencies  to aid
them in executing and enforcing State implementation plans.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Assigned 250 State assignees to State and local control agencies.

   - Awarded approximately 230 grants to control agencies.

   - Provided contractor assistance to 45 States and District  of Columbia.
                                                                         AC-17

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   !        1974 Objectives^

              - Continue  the  assignment of 250 State  assignees  to State and local
                control agencies.

              - Award  approximately 230 grants to control  agencies.
If
^ '            - Provide contractor assistance  to  45 States and  the District of
                Columbia.
                                                                                  AC-18

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Water Quality
     SECTION TAB

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                           Abatement and Control

                               Water Quality
Purpose
     The water abatement and control program encompasses those activities
carried out by EPA to implement the Federal Water Pollution Control  Act
Amendments of 1972, with the exception of activities related directly to
research and development and enforcements which are covered under separate
appropriations.  The major elements of the program include:

     - the assessment of areas in which water pollution is most serious.

     - the development of plans for all navigable water under section
       303(e) to provide the basis for establishment of effluent
       limitations and schedules of compliance for municipal, agricultural,
       and industrial dischargers.

     - the development of guidelines for the issuance of discharger permits
       specifying effluent limitations to municipalities and industries.

     - the approval of Federal grants for the construction of municipal
       sewage treatment works to enable them to achieve required effluent
       levels.

     - the establishment of effluent guidelines representing best
       practicable and best available technology for various industries.

     - the study of the nature and extent of nonpoint sources of pollution.

     Because the primary responsibility for the control of pollution lies
with the States, most of EPA's abatement and control efforts are oriented
toward support of State and local efforts.  States are responsible for
detailed planning, monitoring, and enforcement efforts, as well as
establishing the priorities for the commitment of Federal  funds for the
construction of sewage treatment plants.  In addition to their mandated
roles, States are being encouraged to undertake the issuance of industrial
and municipal permits.  A substantial portion of the resources included
in this program are in the form of grants to State and interstate
water pollution control agencies; EPA activities in monitoring and
surveillance are in direct support of the State and local  programs, EPA
provides technical assistance to the State and local agencies in
development and operation of their programs; and EPA provides or supports
training to improve the skills of State and local water pollution control
personnel as well as to increase the availability of water pollution control
manpower.  Also under this program, EPA assists other Federal agencies to
                                                                           AC-19

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I'W-'S
ill
           bring their facilities  into conformance with  prevailing  pollution
           standards and helps ensure that the programs, projects,  and  other
           activities of Federal  agencies  produce a  minimum water pollution
           impact.
                                             1973
1974
Increase or
  Decrease
           Budget Aut h ori ty
             Ambient Trend Monitoring.     $5,479,600      $5,264,400        -$215,200
             Technical Assistance and
               Planning	     21,412,400      19,575,400       -1,837,000
             Academic Training	      5,826,800       3,340,600       -2,486,200
             Areawide Waste Treatment
               Management  Grants
               Section 208	            ...       4,000,0005-'     +4,000,000
             Control  Agency Support	    20,587,800      40,000,000     +19,412,200
             Municipal Source Control.     11,343,300      14,771,400       +3,428,100
             Industrial Source Control      3,200,400       7,359,500       +4,159,100
             Nonpoint Source Control..        729,000       1,636,400        +907,400
             Ocean Disposal  and Spill
               Prevention.	      1,911.500       4.961.600       +3.050,100

                    Subtotal..	     70,490,800     100,909,300     +30,418,500



           Contract Authori ty
             Areawide Waste Treatment
               Management  Grants                    ..             ,/
               (Section 208)	     50,000.OOP-7    96.000.000-   +46.000,000

                       Total...	    120,490,800     196,909,300     +76,418,500

           End-of-Year Ernployment
             Ambient Trend Monitoring.            232             232
             Technical Assistance and
               Planning	            570             595             +25
             Academi c Trai ni ng	              5             ...               -5
             Areawide Waste Treatment
               Management  Grants
               (Section 208)	
             Control  Agency Support...             25             ...             -25
             Municipal Source Control.            521             655            +134
             Industrial Source Control             44              55             +11
             Nonpoint Source Control..             17              26               +9
             Ocean Disposal  and Spill
               Prevention	            101   	151     	+50

                       Total	          1,515           1,714            +199
                                                                                   AC-20

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                                                                        Increase or
                                             197,3         1974            Decrease

            Man-Years, Total	      1,469        1,663               +194

            a/ To liquidate contract authority.

            b/ None of the 1973 authority is expected to be used.  $21 million
               of the 1974 authority is expected to be used in 1974 and
               liquidated in future years.
^"M1

k ^ \
                                                                                    AC-21

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           Summary of  Increases and Decreases

 ;                                                     1973          1974        Change
 s:
           Ambient Trend Monitoring	$5,479,600    $5.264,400     -$215.200

II|;j              A decrease in  1974 funding  requirements  because  of nonrecurring
^              costs  for maintaining  EPA's water quality monitoring  system.

HT         Technical Assistance
:5;           and Planning	21,412,400    19,575,400    -1.837,000

             Hater quality planning	        12,725,500    10,5559300    -2,170,200

                A decrease reflecting  the termination of the Section  102(c) water
                quality planning grants  program.

             Technical information
               and assistance	         5,586,000     5,845,600     +259,600
' - ^
  i              To provide for the increased salary  costs of the 1973 pay raise.

             Federal activities.........         2,163,100     2,217,100      +54,000

                To provide for the increased salary  cost of the  1973  pay  raise.

             Standards, guidelines
               and regulations....	          937,800      957,400      +19,600

                To provide for the increased salary  costs of the 1973 pay raise.
  j
           Academic Training   	5,826,800     3,340,600    -2.486,200

                A decrease in  1974 funding  requirements  which will  result from
                shifting from  the support of traineeships/fellowships to  the  support
                of scholarships.


           Areawide Waste Treatment
             Management Grants
             (Section  208)

             Budget authority.	               ...     4,000,000    +4,000,000
 - '           Contract  authority.........        50,000,000    96,000,000  +46.000,000  .

                    Total	       50,000.000   100,000,000  +50.000.000
  *             L~~T	~r ''' '" "'""•""""•""*   ;l"	•TT""""--Jv:                '	l          " " '	v" "":L ~  	v:  """"'"'' """""   "TTr"	 ™r-"-"v™
                None of the 1973 authority  is  expected to be used.   In  1974,  $25
                million in grants  is expected  to be  awarded to waste  treatment
                management agencies in major metropolitan areas.  However only $4
                million is expected to be needed in  appropriations to make payment
                against these  awards.  Payments against  the remaining $21 million
                will be made in future years.
                                                                                        AC-22

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                                  J973           1974        Change

Control  Agency Support     $20,587,800    $40,000,000  +$19.412,200

     To assist  State and interstate water pollution  control  agencies
     in carrying out the increased responsibilities prescribed by the
     Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.   These
     increased responsibilities include the development of Section 303(e)
     water quality management plans, review and processing of great
     numbers of construction grant applications,and the issuance of
     municipal and industrial permits.

Municipal  Source Control    11.343,300     14,771,400    +3.428.100

     To establish and staff a municipal waste permit program  pursuant
     to requirements of the Federal  Water Pollution Control Act
     Amendments of 1972; to augment the staffing of the construction
     grants program to handle the increased volume of work that will
     derive from the increase in construction grants  funding; and to
     provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Industrial Source Control    3.200.400      7.359,500    +4.159,100

     A comparative transfer of funds from Research and Development
     (Water) to complete the development of effluent guidelines for
     approximately 36 major industries.

Nonpoint Source Control 	729.000	1.636.400      +907,400

     To initiate and develop nonpoint source pollution control programs
     which will assess the nature and extent of nonpoint source
     pollution problems and will develop control  measures for regulating
     and abating nonpoint sources of pollution.

Ocean Disposal and Spill
  Prevention	         1,911,500      4.961,600    +3.050,100

     To provide for the development of criteria and for the scientific
     and technical review of ocean disposal permit applications; to expand
     the oil and hazardous material  spill response and prevention
     program; and to provide for the increased cost of the 1973 pay
     raise.
                                                                           AC-23

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                           Abatement and Control

                               Water Quality
                         Ambient Trend Monitoring

                               Justification
                                  1973           1974          Change

Ambient trend monitoring..  $594799600     $5S264S400       -$215,200

     The ambient trend monitoring program provides essential  data on
the Nation's water quality.  Complemented by State and local  networks, the
Federal Water Quality Surveillance System, which is comprised of 875
monitoring stations, gathers data on water quality levels and provides data
on specific point source dischargers.  The system is supported by
laboratory units which perform water sample analyses and by a computerized
Federal data system which provides for assemblage and acquisition of both
Federal and State water quality data.  Data are made available to EPA
programs for the development of standards, for the identification of
abatement actions for planning and other related purposes as  well as to
other Federal agencies , and State and local pollution control agencies.

Purpose of Decrease

     A minor decrease in 1974 funding requirements resulting  from
nonrecurring costs for maintenance of the Federal monitoring  system.
   - Evaluated the data base for all existing monitoring stations and
     identified those stations which will provide the trend monitoring
     data for the National Water Quality Inventory which is required
     under Section 3.05 (a) and due to the Congress on January 1, 1974.

1974 Objectives

   - To generate water quality data in hydro! ogically discrete water
     basin segments for which levels of effluent reductions, based on
     the application of best  practicable technology for industry and
     secondary treatment for municipal plants, will not provide for
     meeting 1977 and 1983 water quality goals.

   - To develop plans for future expansions or modifications of both
     Federal and State monitoring networks.
                                                                        AC-24

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                            Abatement and Control

                                Water Quality
                      Technical Assistance and Planning
                                Justification
                                  1973           1974          Change

Water quality planning..   $12,725,500    $10,555,300     -$2,170,200

     The principal elements of this activity are assisting the States
in preparing Section 30.3 (e) river basin water quality management plans
and reviewing Section 201 waste treatment facility development plans
prepared by local agencies.  Under Section 303 (e) of the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, the States are required to
maintain a continuing planning process for the development and updating
of water quality management plans for all navigable water river basins,
This will involve collecting water quality and waste discharge data,
determining permissible discharges of pollutants which will comply with water
quality standards and, in certain basins, establishing waste discharge
targets for all major sources within the basin.  The States will be
responsible for preparing these plans; EPA will provide assistance
including support required in using mathematical models in the development
of plans.  The 1972 Amendments also call for local agencies to prepare
and submit waste treatment facility development plans which incorporate
cost-effectiveness data and other information which enable EPA to
evaluate applications received for construction grants within the local
area.

     This activity also includes the funding of Great Lakes demonstration
projects under Section 108 of the 1972 Amendments.  Projects funded
under this section provide for the demonstration of management techniques
for controlling and abating pollution of the Great Lakes.

     Finally, this activity provides for the appropriation of funds to
be transferred to the Departments of Housing and Urban Development,
Commerce, and Transportation and the Atomic Energy and Federal Power
Commissions to enable them to participate in Water Resources Council
planning studies.

Purpose of Decrease

     A decrease reflecting the termination of grant awards for water
quality planning projects under Section 102(c) of the 1972 Amendments.
The increase in financial assistance to State and interstate water
pollution control agencies and their use of part of this increase to
undertake Section 303(e) planning supplants the need for Section 102 (c)
grants.
                                                                           AC-25

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Si gnificant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Completed 75 Section 303(e) river basin plans where existing
     data was sufficient.

   - Reviewed Section 201 facility management plans required for all
     construction grants.

1974 Objectives

   - To assist  in preparation of 133 additional  Section 303(e)
     river basin plans.

   - To review Section 201 facility management plans as required for
     the awarding of construction grants.


                                  1973           1974          Change

Technical information
  and assistance	   $5,586,000     $5,845,600       +$259,600

     EPA provides technical guidance, assistance, and information to
States, other Federal agencies, and local agencies to assist with the
development of programs for control of water pollution.  These activities
consist of assisting States in the preparation of their annual plan
for the prevention, reduction, and elimination of water pollution;
providing guidance on the setting of standards and the development and
maintenance of surveillance and monitoring systems; providing technical
expertise; developing uniform laws; developing international agreements
for control of border pollution; and disseminating technical information
concerning scientific and engineering advances in the field of water
pollution control.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Si gni fi cant1973 Accomp1i shments

   - Assisted States in developing comprehensive State pollution
     control plans for control of pollution emanating from nonpoint
     Sources.

   - Assisted States in improving their monitoring and surveillance
     systems.
                                                                            AC-26

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   - Maintained a program of field investigations in the Great Lakes.

   - Maintained data on water discharges from approximately 5,500
     Federal  facilities.

   - Reviewed and evaluated fiscal plans from nine Federal  agencies
     involving 419 water pollution abatement projects, and  recommended
     budgetary priorities for each project.

1974 Objectives

   - Provide consultation and technical  assistance to Federal  agencies.

   - Develop and issue appropriate program guidelines and procedures.

   - Issue water discharge permits for Federal facilities under the
     National Pollution Discharge Elimination System.

   - Review and comment on about 1,600 new environmental impact
     statements and emphasize follow-up on implementation of projects
     covered by previously reviewed statements.

   - Monitor Federal facilities' compliance  with applicable water
     quality standards and implementation schedules.

   - Review and evaluate Federal agencies' plans for installing water
     pollution control measures.


                                1973             1974          Change

Federal activities...     $2,163,100       $2,217,100        +$54,000

     EPA supports other Federal agencies in  ensuring that their activities
produce a minimum water pollution effect and do not viol ate  applicable
standards.  Executive Order 11507 requires that all installations
owned or leased by the Federal Government comply with established Federal,
State, and local air and water pollution control standards.  In addition,
Executive Order 11514 required the Federal agencies to prepare environmental
impact statements on proposed actions.  The  statements are submitted to
EPA for review and comment.

     The EPA program includes development of guidelines relating to the
control of water pollution from Federal facilities; consultation and
technical assistance to Federal agencies in  development and implementation
of their water pollution control programs; maintenance of an inventory
of wastewater treatment and disposal systems at Federal facilities; review
of agencies' draft and final environmental impact statements to determine
the impact of proposed Federal projects or federally funded or licensed
actions on the water environment; and assistance to the agencies in
improving the environmental protection measures associated with such actions,
                                                                       AC-27

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Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Provided consultation and technical assistance to Federal  agencies
     on a variety of water pollution control  and abatement problems.
                                          4
   - Reviewed approximately 1,600 environmental  impact statements  and
     provided comments to the Federal  agencies.

1974 Objectives

   - Assist States in developing comprehensive State pollution  control
     plans for control of pollution emanating from nonpoint sources.

   - Assist States in improving their monitoring and surveillance
     systems.

   - Maintain a program of field investigations  in the Great Lakes.


                                  1973           1974          Change

Standards, regulations and
  guidelines.,...	    $937,800       $957,400        +$19,600

     EPA is responsible for revisions to intrastate and interstate
water qualuty standards.  Standards establish the uses of water bodies,
water quality criteria needed to protect these uses, and implementation
plans detailing pollution control measures necessary to achieve these
criteria.  In 1974, EPA is authorized to promulgate water quality
standards for any State whose standards were  not approved in 1973  and
to update all approved standards to include new  information on  toxic
substances.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Specified the changes in interstate and  intrastate standards
     required to meet the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments
     of 1972.
                                                                           AC-28

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   - Initiated revision of water quality standards  for all  States.
1974 Objectives
   - Continue revision of interstate and intrastate water quality
     standards.
                                                                       AC-29

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J.I
                             Abatement and Control

                                  Water Quality
                               Academic Training

                                  Justification

                                       1973            197£          Change

     Academic  training	    $5,826,800     $3,340,600      -$2,486,200

          In order  to  help meet professional manpower  needs  in water pollution
     control,  EPA awards  grants to universities  and  individuals to support
     both  undergraduate and  graduate  training  in water pollution control.  The
     gap between  supply and  demand for water pollution control environmentalists
     has closed considerably over the past few years.   Increased concern  for
     the environment among students has raised enrollments  in water pollution
     control courses.   In 1974, the EPA support  for  academic training will
     shift from a trainees hips/fellowships program to  a scholarship program at
     the bachelors/masters level.

     Purpose of Decrease

          A decrease in 1974 funding  requirements which will result from
     the reorientation  of the program.  The shifting of training from
     traineeships and  fellowships  to  scholarships will  allow nearly the same
     number of students to receive Federal funds, in  1974 as  in 1973 at a  much
     reduced total  cost.  Also, fellowships which were aimed at doctoral  and
     post  doctoral  studies are no  longer necessary to  support the development
     of water  pollution control courses and will be  eliminated.

     Si gni f i cant  1973  Accompl i shments^

       -  Grant funds  supported 970 traineeships (grants for masters degree
          work) and 42  fellowships (grants for doctoral  and  post doctoral
          studies).
                                                                            AC-30

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                         Abatement and Control

                             Water Quality
             Areawide Waste Treatment Management Grants
                             (Section 208)

                             Justification
                                   1973          1974_            Change

Budget authority.........           ...    $4,000,000       +$4,000,000
Contract authority...	   $50,000,000    96,000,0.00       +46,000.000

       Total	    50,000,000   100,000,000       +50,000,000

     The Federal Water Pollution Control  Act Amendments of 1972 authorizes
State Governors to designate waste treatment management agencies for areas
of severe urban-industrial water pollution.   These agencies will develop
comprehensive plans which assess all  actions needed to meet water quality
standards and effluent limitations.  Priorities for construction of
municipal treatment plants, industrial compliance with effluent guidelines,
and control of nonpoint sources of pollution are to be addressed in these
plans.  Section 208 waste treatment management agencies will be responsible
for all phases of plan implementation.

     The 1972 Amendments authorize EPA to provide full funding of Section
208 waste management agencies.  The, Amendments authorize contract authority
for this purpose.

Purpose of  Increase

     To cover estimated 1974 payments against contractual obligations to
Section 208 waste treatment management agencies.  Under the contract
authority provision of Section 208 of the 1972 Amendments, EPA is authorized
to incur contract obligations for grant assistance to waste treatment
management  agencies.  EPA estimates the payments that will be made each
year against these obligations and seeks appropriations to cover these
payments.   In 1973, EPA does not anticipate any grants.  During 1974, EPA
anticipates initiating waste treatment management grants to a limited
number of agencies in major metropolitan areas.  It is estimated that
$25 million in contracted obligations will  be incurred under these grants
and that payments totaling $4 million will be required against these
obligations.  Accordingly, $4 million in appropriated funds are requested
for this activity.

1974 Objectives

   - Initiate waste treatment management'grants in a limited number of
     major  metropolitan areas.
                                                                      AC-31

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                           Abatement and Control

                               Water Quality
                          Control  Agency Support

                               Justiication
                                   1973           1974          Change

Control agency support.,.   $20,587,800    $40,000,000    +$19,412,200

     Control agency support funds provide Federal  financial  assistance  to
State and interstate water pollution control  agencies.  These grants  are
to assist these agencies in the operation of effective pollution control
and enforcement programs for the prevention, reduction, and  elimination
of water pollution.

Pu rpose of In crease

     To assist State and interstate agencies in carrying out increased
responsibilities prescribed by the recently enacted water legislation.
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 require
increased participation by State and interstate pollution control  agencies
in wastewater control.  These agencies will have to expand their
existing programs to administer a larger grants program for construction
of sewage treatment plants and to carry out new responsibilities in  meeting
the goals of the Act.  These goals require all  point sources, including
municipalities, to provide secondary treatment  of their effluent or  to
achieve water quality standards, whichever is more stringent, by
1977/1978.

     In the construction grants area, States will  be asked to assume
primary responsibility for the review of plans  and specifications  for
treatment plants, showing evidence that cost effectiveness,  infiltration
inflow, and user charge criteria have been met.  It is also  expected  that
20 to 30 States will assume full responsibility for issuing  discharge
permits to both municipal and industrial dischargers.  States will also
be expanding enforcement efforts against permit violators to ensure
compliance with permit conditions.

     In the planning area, States will have full responsibility for  the
development of Section 303(e) plans for 267 river basins in  the country.
Fifty-five of these are expected to involve detailed monitoring surveys to
determine what levels of effluent control are needed to meet water quality
standards.  In ten river basins, nonpoint source pollution will be
analyzed to determine its contribution to the total pollution problem.
                                                                          AC-32

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     In 1974, States are expected to contribute $65 million to water
pollution control efforts.   This effort, combined with  EPA's increased
contribution to State and interstate water pollution control programs,
represents an increase of some 35 percent over the 1973 level.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Awarded grants to 55 State agencies and six interstate agencies
     to enable them to carry out effective water pollution control
     programs including:

     - the development of Section 201 facility management plans for
       construction grants;

     - the maintenance of monitoring stations; and

     - the operation and maintenance inspection of treatment plants.

1974 Objectives

   - The 1974 objectives for State and interstate water pollution  control
     agencies utilizing control agency support funds are as follows:

     - to process 2,500 project applications for construction grants.

     - to issue 23,000 municipal, 23,000 industrial, and 10,000
       agricultural discharge permits by December 1974.

     - to develop Section 303(e) plans for all 267 river basins by December
       1974.

     - to determine the contribution of nonpoint source pollution  in
       10 river basins.
                                                                          AC-33

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                          Abatement and Control

                              Water Quality
                        Municipal  Source Control

                              Justification

                                       1973           1974        Change

Municipal  source control.....    $11,343,300    $14,771,400   +$3,428,100

     The principal  element of this activity is the administration of the
construction grants program.   This involves the  review and processing of
applications, the review of plans  and specifications, the inspection of
projects during and after construction, the conduct of inspections
to assess the operation and maintenance of completed projects and the
administration of EPA's regulations pertaining to construction grants.
These activities are carried out jointly with the States.

     Another element is the initiation and conduct of a municipal waste
permit program pursuant to new provisions of the Federal  Water Pollution
Control Act Amendments of 1972.  This involves the promulgations of
regulations covering user charges, pretreatment  requirements for industrial
wastes discharged into municipal systems, and waste treatment requirements*
It further involves the review of permit applications and the issuance of
permits.  This activity is also shared with the  States.

     Finally, this activity encompasses the training of waste treatment
plant operators, technicians and managers, and the training of other State
and local  personnel engaged in water pollution control.  Under this element,
EPA administers several operator training programs funded by the Departments
of Labor and Health, Education, and Welfare under the Manpower Development
Training Act.  EPA also funds some operator training activities including the
support of an undergraduate training program.

Purpose of Increase

     To establish and staff a municipal waste permit program pursuant to
requirements of the 1972 Amendments, to augment the staffing of the
construction grants program, to handle the increased volumnsof work that
will derive from the significant increase in construction grants funding,
and to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

S|gni fi cant 1973 Accompli s hments

   - Developed and proposed regulations covering user charges, capital cost
     recovery, pretreatment of  industrial waste» secondary treatment standards,
     and award procedures as required by the Federal Water Pollution
     Control Act Amendments of  1972.

   - Completed the award of $2  billion in construction"grants  from 1972 funds.


                                                                         AC-34

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            - Provided training for some 9,800 sewage treatment plant operators,
              managers, and technicians.

            - Supported the training of 60 undergraduates for entry into waste
              treatment plant operation.

            - Administered MDTA-funded programs for the training for an
T,             additional 5,500 waste treatment plant operators.
 M
          1974 Objectives

            - Promulgate regulations for user charges, capital cost recovery,
              pretreatment of  industrial wastes, and secondary treatment
              standards.

            - Award  grants for approximately 2,500 construction projects.

            - Review and issue municipal waste permits for approximately 20
              States which will  not have been delegated State permit program
              responsibilities.

            - Monitor  the adequacy of State permit programs for the 20-30 States
              which  accept the full permitting responsibilities.

            - Provide  training for some 9,800 sewage treatment facility operators,
              managers, and  technicians.
                                                                                    AC-35

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                                    Abatement and Control

                                        Water Quality
                                  Industrial  Source  Control

                                        Justifi cation


]1                                         1973           1974          Change

n       Industrial  source control.. $3,200,400     $7,359,500      +4,159,100
\1
              Under the Federal  Water Pollution Control  Act  Amendments  of  1972, permits
         issued by EPA under the National  Pollution  Discharge  Elimination  System  (NPDES)
";        will be based on industrial wastewater effluent limitation  guidelines and
         standards which reflect the best  practicable  and  best available control
         technology.  EPA has categorized  each industry  in terms  of  raw material
         usage, product produced, manufacturing process  employed, and other  factors.
         Raw waste characteristics are identified for  each industrial category.
         These characteristics are based upon waste  and  water  material  balance by
         source; flow and volume of water  and wastewater used  and produced;  and
         the chemical, physical, and biological  characteristics including  toxic
  '       constituents, and other constituents causing  taste, odor, and  color
         effects.  Control and treatment technologies  are  identified, documented,
         and verified within each industrial  category.   These  cover  in-plant
         control techniques;  all existing and potential  treatment  and control
         technologies, including in-plant  and end of process technologies;
         availability of recycling and recovery techniques,  including elimination
         of discharge; limitations, reliability, and required  implementation time
         of each treatment technology; effects of application  of each treatment
         technology upon other pollution problems; resulting solid wastes  and
         solid waste control technologies; and intake  structure technology.   Cost
'., •       information for each treatment technology is  identified. These include
         investment, annual (i.e. capital), depreciation,  operating  and maintenance
         costs, as well as energy and power costs.  Data are evaluated  to  determine
         the best practicable and currently available  control  technology;  the
         most economically feasible and available technology;  and the best
         available demonstrated control technology.  Once  these have been  determined,
         then the applicable effluent limitation guideline and/or standard is
         set for the industry.

         PurposeofIncrease

              A comparative transfer from Research and Development,  Water.  During
 ; «       1973 and prior years,, the development of effluent guidelines was  wholly
i        or partially carried as a research and development  activity.   With
         the recent organizational assignment of this  activity to the Office of
 t        Air and Water Programs, it is deemed appropriate  to carry this as an
         Abatement and Control activity.
                                                                                  AC-36

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Significant 1973 Accomplishments
   - Initiated industry studies for the development of effluent
     limitation guidelines and standards pursuant to requirements of
     the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
1974 Objectives
   - Complete 36 industry studies for the development of effluent limitation
     guidelines and standards.
   - Promulgate guidelines and standards of 36 industrial  categories.
   - Undertake an additional  18 industrial  studies.
                                                                       AC-37

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                           Abatement and Control

                               Water Quality
                          Nonpoint Source Control

                               Justification


                                  1973           1974          Change

Nonpoint source control	   $729,000     $1,636,400       +$907,400

     Under the Federal Water Pollution Control  Act Amendments  of 1972,  EPA
has the responsibility to develop information and guidelines for controlling
pollution from nonpoint sources which include agriculture,  silvaculture,
mining, construction activities, wells and subsurface disposal, salt
water intrusion, and changes in water movements caused by dredging  and
channeling.

     Knowledge on the formation, extent, and effects  of nonpoint source
pollution is limited and must be developed.   The pervasive  dispersed
nature of nonpoint source pollution does not lend itself to the conventional
application of "hard" technology such as wastewater treatment  plants.
Therefore, the efforts directed at control of nonpoint source  pollution
will be through combinations of "hard" treatment, "soft" management
techniques (i.e., contour farming, construction site  terracing, abolition
or strict control of clear-cutting in forest, etc.);  and through
legislative initiatives which promote proper land use.

Purpose of Increase

     To initiate and develop a coordinated Federal/State program for
controlling and abating nonpoint source water pollution. This will involve
developing profiles of individual nonpoint source problems, enabling
EPA to make its first assessment of the Nation's total nonpoint source
problem.  Where adequate information exists, States will begin to develop
control strategies.  EPA will coordinate and assist in this effort. This
will be augmented by the establishment of State and local nonpoint  source
pollution control programs focused on the achievement of 1983  ambient
goals prescribed in the 1972 Amendments.

Signigi cant 1973 Accpmpli shments

   - Prepared a report, from available data, on the nature  and extent
     of nonpoint source pollution.

1974 Objectives

   - Develop information including guidelines for identifying and
     evaluating nonpoint sources of pollution.
                                                                           AC-38

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Develop information on processes,  procedures,  and methods for
controlling pollution resulting from nonpoint  sources.

Initiate four demonstration projects which will  test  the feasibility
of utilizing  existing Federal, State,  and local laws to control
nonpoint sources of pollution emanating from silvacuture, mining,
agriculture, and subsurface injection of pollutants into groundwaters,
                                                                      AC-39

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                          Abatement and Control

                              Water Quality
                   Ocean Disposal  and Spill Prevention

                             Justification

                                     1973             1974           Change

Ocean disposal and spill
  prevention.................  $1,911,500       $4,961,600      +$3,050,100

     Under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972,
EPA is responsible for establishing or revising regulations, standards,
and guidelines for protection of the water environment.  Among these are
oil and hazardous material spill regulations, toxic standards, and ocean
dumping regulations and criteria.

     To provide efficient, coordinated, and effective actions that will
minimize damage from oil and hazardous substances discharges and insure
their containment, dispersal, and removal, a National Contingency Plan
has been developed.  This plan delineates the responsibilities of the
various Federal, State, and local  agencies, provides for equipment and
supplies, and establishes the National Emergency Response Team which
is trained, prepared, and available to provide the necessary services
to carry out the plan.

     Under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972,
and the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972, EPA
will promulgate regulations which prohibit and/or permit the disposal
of materials into marine waters.  There are some 1,000 potential major
dumpers who will discharge 62 million tons per year of sewage sludge,
dredge spoils, industrial waste, and other materials into 150 ocean
dump sites along the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific Coasts.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the development of criteria and for the scientific
and technical review of ocean disposal permit applications.  The increase
also provides for intensified efforts related to oil and hazardous material
spill response and prevention and for the  increased salary costs of the
1973 pay raise.
                                                                          AC-40

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.'V
Si gn ificant 1973 Accgmpli shments

     -  Revised the existing National Contingency Plan for oil and
        hazardous substances to include requirements of the Federal
        Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.

     -  Developed and proposed regulations for ocean disposal  permits.

     -  Developed and proposed oil spill and discharge prevention
        regulations.

1974 Objectives

     -  Promulgate a regulation which prescribes those quantities of
        any oil or hazardous substance which will be harmful  to public
        health or welfare.

     -  Modify 10 Regional Contingency Plans to reflect the most recent
        revision of the National Contingency Plan, and develop subregional.
        State, or basin Contingency Plans.

     -  Designate ocean dumping sites and develop regulations governing
        permissible ocean dumping.

     -  Promulgate regulations designating hazardous substances which,
        when discharged in any quantity, presents an imminent and
        substantial danger to health and welfare; determine the
        removability of such substances; and establish a system of
        penalty fees.
                                                                                  AC-41

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Water Supply
     SECTION TAB

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 5,  '                                 Abatement and Control

 ^                                      Water Supply
 f^ 1
 1}
         Purpose
7        —
 &'
 I1           The purpose of the water supply program is to promote safe
         drinking water supply systems for the Nation.  The program
         establishes drinking water standards and certifies water supply
         systems used by interstate carriers, pursuant to  the Public Health
         Service Act and the Interstate Quarantine Regulations.   It also aids,
         through technical  assistance and training activities, the improvement
         of State and local water supply programs and water supply systems.

                                                                      Increase or
                                           1973           1974          Decrease

         Budget Authority
           Technical Assistance	  $2.014.500     $2,052.100	+$37,600
Total 	
End-of-Year Employment
Technical Assistance 	
2,014,500

91
2,052,100

91
+$37,600

• • t
                   Total..	          91     .         91

         Man-Years. Total	          88             88
                                                                           AC-42

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\ ;
IS
         Sumrnary of Increases and Decreases
                                              1973          J971          Change
         Technical Assistance	$2,014,500    $2.052,100        +$37.600
             To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
                                                                                    AC-43

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                          Abatement and  Control

                              Water Supply
                          .Technical  Assistance

                             Justification

                                       1973         1974        Change

Technical  assistance	      $2,014,500   $2,052,100      +$37,600

    The water supply program involves four  primary activities:   (1)  annual
certification of all drinking water supply  systems serving interstate
carriers,  such as airplanes,   trains, buses,  and vessels; (2)  development
and maintenance of a comprehensive inventory of  public water supply  systems;
(3) technical assistance and training to improve water supply systems and
programs,  including special  studies and  comprehensive State program
evaluations; and (4) development of drinking water standards and implementation
of their use to assure the maximum feasible protection of the public health.

    The development of drinking water standards  and the certification of
interstate carrier water supply systems  are legislatively mandated functions.
A comprehensive inventory of public water supply systems is an essential
element in the development and  implementation  of effective Federal, State,
and local  water supply programs.  Technical assistance and training  are
vital means to implement the full application of water supply technology to
promote safe and adequate drinking water supply  systems.

Purpose of Increase

    To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 AccomplI'shments

   - Certified 600 interstate carrier water supply systems.

   - Initiated the inventory of some 40,000 public water supply systems.

   - Completed the comprehensive evaluation of four State water supply
     programs.

   - Essentially completed the revision of the 1952 Drinking Water
     Standards.
                                                                       AC-44

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1974 Objectives

   - Certify 650 interstate carrier water supply systems.

   - Essentially complete the inventory of 40,000 public water supply
     sys tems.

   - Complete the comprehensive evaluation of six State water supply
     programs.

   - Complete the revision of the Drinking Water Standards  and develop
     guidelines for implementing their use.
                                                                           AC-45

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Solid Wastes
     SECTION TAB

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                           Abatement and Control

                               Solid Wastes
Purpose

     The solid waste abatement and control  program has focused on the
improvement of environmental quality by (1) eliminating health, ecological,
and aesthetic damages from offensive disposal of wastes (primarily of non-
hazardous wastes)*, (2) reducing cost and inconvenience to individuals from
the inefficient, often irrational delivery of waste collection services;
and (3) addressing conservation of resources through studies of alternative
Federal policies to increase conservation.   Technical  assistance efforts,
planning grants, and training were focused in 1973 to implement adequately
developed, environmentally sound technology and to create the changes at
the local level to improve productivity and provide sound financial
support for waste management.  Efforts were also devoted to developing so)id
waste management guidelines for municipal-type incinerators and sanitary
landfills, pursuant to Section 211 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act.
Under Section 211, Federal agencies must use these guidelines in dealing
with solid wastes generated by Federal facilities and activities.

     Over the past two years the Agency and its solid waste program have
taken a very hard look at the critical environmental problems in solid
waste and carefully assessed the proper role for the Federal Government in
overcoming these problems.  The proposed budget for 1974, which reflects
the outcome of these deliberations, will allow the Federal Government to
attack critical remaining problems.

     The assessment also included the degree to which the objectives,
stated above, in solid waste management had been met, and the adequacy of
existing knowledge and technology to impact on solid waste problems at
the, local level.  These assessments have resulted in a reorientation of
the solid waste program toward the more pressing task of bringing Federal
leadership into the proper management, disposal, and control of toxic hazardous
solid wastes and toward encouraging localities, on their own, to use the
very considerable tools which have been developed to upgrade the environment
and efficiency aspects of their solid waste management systems.  This
leadership position will also include emphasis on dealing with solid waste
problems caused by Federal management of facilities and activities and on
further analysis of pressing resource  recovery and resource conservation
issues.
                                                                    AC-46

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                                                                  Increase
                                    1973           1974          or Decrease
Budget Au t h o r i ty
 Technical Assistance	      $9,472,300     $3,560,000          -$5,912,300
 Academic Training Grants         220,000            ...             -220,000
 Planning	       3,250,000	...     	-3.250.000

       Total..	      12,942,300      3,560,000           -9,382,300

End-of-Year Employment
 Technical Assistance....             216            100                 -116
 Academic Training Grants
 Planning.....		i^__	^_^__	^ A..

      Total	             216            100                 -116

Han-Years, Total	             209             97                 -112
                                                                         AC-47

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Summary of Increases and Decreases
                                   1973           1974             Change
Technical  Assistance	  $9.472.300     $3,560.000        -$.5,912,300
     A decrease to implement the  redirection of the solid waste
     program from problems of municipal solid waste management to
     dealing with toxic and hazardous solid wastes, reflecting the
     judgment  that localities now have the ability to  make needed
     improvements in municipal solid waste management on their own.
Academic Training Grants	220.000	...           -220,000
     A decrease reflecting termination of new training  grant awards.
Planning       	         3,250,000	            -3,250,000
     A decrease reflecting termination of new planning  grant awards.
                                                                          AC-48

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                         Abatement and Control

                             Solid Wastes
                          Technical Assistance

                            Justification^

                                       1973        1974          Change

Technical assistance.	    $9,472,300  $3,560,000     -$5,912,300

    Technical assistance is provided to other Federal agencies, States,
and localities with the objective of improving  environmental  performance
while significantly lowering total solid waste  management costs.  Technical
assistance includes extensive efforts in providing technical  information,
operationally-oriented training, and technical  studies covering various
aspects of solid waste management.  EPA will issue solid waste management
guidelines which Federal agencies must meet, and will review all Federal
agencies' environmental impact statements to assess the solid waste impact.

Purpose of Decrease^

     In EPA's estimation, the technical assistance program has been particularly
successful in helping selected localities upgrade the environmental and
efficiency aspects of their municipal solid waste systems and in developing
basic tools which could be used by other municipalities to achieve the same
result.  The reduction in technical assistance  reflects (1) documentation
of the successful application of solid waste-management technology to selected
locales which can be drawn on by other communities; (2) the assessment of
the proper role of the Federal Government in solid wastes; and (3) the
redirection of program priorities toward dealing with hazardous wastes.

Si gnifjjcant 1973 Accompl ishments

   - Provided technical assistance to 20 localities with the objective of
     improving environmental performance  while significantly lowering
     systems costs.  The results of this effort included:  saving of
     $6 million over a two-year period for Cleveland, Ohio; savings of 10
     percent for Portland, Oregon, while expanding service area and
     doubling collection frequency; and collection costs reduced  by 50
     percent for River Rouge and Huritington Woods, Michigan.

   - Developed substantial understanding  of  the determinants of productivity
     of solid waste management systems and of the steps necessary to improve
     such productivity.

   - Closed an estimated 2,300 open dumps under the Mission 5000 Program.

   - Completed draft guidelines for sanitary landfill and municipal
     incinerator operations  to be used by Federal agencies under Section 211
     of the Solid Waste Disposal Act.
                                                                          AC-49

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1974 Objectives

   - Continue to provide technical  assistance to localities but on a
     less extensive scale.

   ~ Significantly expand efforts to develop and encourage the adequate
     disposal of hazardous and toxic solid wastes.

   - Inventory and assess solid waste management problems at Federal
     facilities and on Federal lands.
                                                                            AC-50

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                          Abatement and Control

                              Solid Wastes
                        Academic Training Grants

                             Justification

                                        1973          1974        Change

Academic training grants..	      $220,000           ...     -$220,000

     EPA has supported academic training of solid waste personnel  through
graduate training grants to selected universities.  The purpose of this
program was to provide a source of qualified solid waste professionals which
Federal, State, and local levels of government could draw upon to  staff
their solid waste management systems.

     While an examination of the academic training program has shown it
to be generally effective in producing graduates in the solid waste
management field, EPA believes that such a program is not necessary at
this time,  since there is no supply-demand gap at the State or local
levels which would be substantially influenced by generation of more
university-level solid waste management specialists.  As documented in
a recent Report to the Congress, EPA finds no substantial unfilled demand
for such specialities and no substantial technological gaps in solid waste
management which would be alleviated by additional specially trained
manpower.

Purpose^ of Decrease

     The termination of this program reflects the above considerations as
well as the determination to redirect solid waste priorities to dealing
with hazardous wastes.

S i g n if icant 1973 Accomp1i shments

  - Supported master's level university training grant programs at nine
     universities.
                                                                        AC-51

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                           Abatement and Control

                               Solid Wastes
                                 Planning

                               Justification
                                  1973           1974          Change

Planning .......... .....      $3,250,000            •...     -$3,250,000

     Planning grants have been awarded to State, local, regional,  and
interstate agencies.  The objective of State planning grants  have
been to assess problems and State actions to eliminate those  problems
and to build State expertise in solid waste management.  The  objective
of local/regional planning grants has been to hasten environmental
improvement at the local level.

     With completion of virtually all the basic State plans,  EPA feels
that its major planning objective has been achieved.  In addition,  while
planning grants have been valuable contributors to building State  solid
waste programs, planning support too often has not resulted,  at either
the State or the local level, in implementation of activities which
result in environmental improvement.  Too often States continue marginal
planning efforts and fail to implement action; e.g., rules and regulations
for local communities, which can affect environmental performance.
While local planning is needed, EPA has found subsidized local -regional
planning has been more sucessful than formal planning which received
no subsidy.  In fact, informal planning initiated at the local level
to meet an established need, appears to have been more effective and
less costly than required and/or subsidized planning at the State  or
Federal level .

Purpose of Decrease

     EPA has reexamined, in the light of the substantial progress  made
at the local level, the continued need for and the efficiency of solid
waste planning and other similar planning efforts required or subsidized
by the Federal Government or by several States.  As a result, EPA
has concluded that continued formalized planning subsidized at the
Federal level, will not hasten or improve environmental change.  The
termination of the planning grants program reflects this assessment.

     The termination of local/regional planning grant funding will  not
affect on-going projects which are performing satisfactorily.  They
have been fully funded for the duration of their project period, even
though this may extend into 1974.  Most of the States receiving planning
grant funds are supported through 1974.
                                                                           AC-52

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Si gni fi cant1973 Accompli shments
	                 •    '    '
   - Since State planning grants were initiated in 1966, all  but one
     State and all  trust territories have received funds to complete
     solid waste plans.  To date, one plan has been substantially
     adopted and implemented.

   - 40 States will have completed basic State plans.

   - Since local/regional planning grants were intitiated in  1971,
     40 grants have been awarded.
                                                                         AC-53

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Pesticides
   SECTION TAB

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                           Abatement and Control

                                Pesticides
purpose

     EPA's  pesticides abatement and control program is predominantly
directed toward regulation of pesticides through registration of
pesticide products under authority of the Federal  Environmental  Pesticide
Control Act and setting of pesticide residue tolerances under authority
of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.  These activities are closely
supported by EPA's pesticide research and enforcement programs,  both
of which are discussed in other sections.

     Other key elements of the program are the monitoring and surveillance
of environmental levels of pesticides, studies of effects of pesticides
on human health, and analyses of samples of marketed pesticide products.
These activities provide much of the information needed to effectively
carry out the registration and tolerance petition programs.

     Finally, the program includes the investigation of pesticide
accidents; the provision of technical assistance and information to
State and local regulatory and health agencies and other Federal agencies;
and provision of assistance to improve the knowledge and technical
capabilities of Federal, State, and local personnel  involved in  pesticide
activities.

                                                                   Increase
                                    1973           1974          or Decrease

BudgetAuthority
 Registrations and Tolerances.   $5,685,200     $7,001,700     +$1,316,500
 Monitoring.....	    4,839,000      4,999,800        +160,800
 Technical Assistance	    3.588.000	5.223.000      +1.635,000

       Total....,	   14,112,200     17,224,500       3,112,300

End-of-Year Employment             ;
 Registrations and Tolerances.          287            337             +50
 Monitoring....,		           81             86              +5
 Technical Assistance—	           93            168             +75
       Total	          461            591            +130

Man-Years, Total	          447            525             +78
                                                                         AC-54

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Summary of Increases andDecreases


                                  1973           1974          Change

Registrations and Tolerances   $5,685,200     $7,001,700    +$1.316.500

     To support registration and classification of all  new applications,
     prepare for the registration of intrastate products and to carry
     out the other new responsibilities imposed by the  new Federal
     Environmental Pesticide Control Act; and to provide for the
     increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Monitoring	           4.839.000      4.999.800       +160.800

     To initiate development of the National  Pesticide  Monitoring Plan
     as required by the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act; to
     assume funding of the estuarine monitoring program; and to provide for
     the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Technical  Assistance	  3.588,000      5.223.000     +1,635.000

     To provide increased assistance to States to enable the training
     of pesticide applicators, the development of State programs for
     certifying applicators and the strengthening of accident reporting
     and investigation programs; and to provide for the increased
     salary costs of the 1973 pay raise as well as the  full-year
     employment costs of new positions filled in 1973.
                                                                          AC-55

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                           Abatement and Control

                                Pesticides
                       Registration and Tolerances

                               Justification
                                   1973           1974          Change

Registrations and tolerances    $5,685,200     $7,001,700    +$1,316,500

     The Federal Environmental  Pesticide Control  Act of 1972 modified
and expanded the activities required of EPA's pesticide registrations
and tolerances program under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and
Rodenticide Act.  Since 1947, EPA and its predecessor agencies have
been regulating interstate pesticide products by  registering them for
specific uses and assuring that their labels contain adequate directions
for use and safety precautions  to protect human health and the environment.
The new Act adds the registration of intrastate products and requires
classification of products for  "general" or "restricted" use, if such
restriction is necessary to adequately safeguard  health or the
environment.  The new Act also  provides for the issuance of experimental
use permits and requires significant changes in EPA's internal procedures
for review and processing of registrations.  Activities required in
support of this effort include  development of registration and
classification standards and test protocols; development of improved
methods for detecting pesticide chemicals and their residues; expanded
testing of products for safety  and efficacy, scientific review of
previously registered products  to determine if their registrations should
be continued, cancelled, or suspended; support of appeals procedures; and
maintenance of a data system to provide information on registered
products and their uses.

Purpose of Increase

     The increase is to enable  EPA to handle new  applications and the
reregistrati on and classification of presently registered interstate
products and to prepare for the registration of intrastate products.  With
this increase, EPA will maintain an acceptable overall elapsed time for
registration applications and tolerance actions and will develop operating
efficiencies to enable expeditious handling of the new requirements of
the Act.  The increase also includes funds to provide for the increased
salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
                                                                          AC-56

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Signi fi cant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Processed 30,000 to 35,000 application actions for pesticide
     registration and some 340 actions for new, amended, and supplemental
     tolerances.

   - Reduced the number of over-90-day registration actions  from 240
     at the beginning of the year to none by the end of the  year.

   - Reduced the number of over-90-day tolerance petition actions
     from 40 at the beginning of the year to none by the end of
     the year.

1974 Objectives

   - Maintain a working level of 1,500 registration actions  and
     tolerance actions in process at any one time during the year.

   - Process all registration and tolerance actions within 90 days.

   - Develop and publish new regulations on registration and classification
     of pesticides, standards for certification of applications, permits
     for experimental use, registration of establishments and indemnities.
                                                                      AC-57

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                           Abatement and Control

                                Pesticides
                                Monitoring

                               Justification
                                  1973           1974          Change

Monitoring	    $4,839,000     $4,999,800       +$160,800

     Pesticides and their residues in the environment are monitored to
provide essential  feedback Information for the registration and tolerance
program, to show changes in environmental concentrations of pesticides,
and to provide specific data for risk/benefit assessments.  The results  of
these efforts contribute to improved registration and tolerance standards,
the development of better and safer label directions, and support of
enforcement actions.  Among the monitoring efforts being carried out are
sampling and analysis of the soil  and aquatic environments for pesticide
residues, long range epidemiological studies, and the analysis of marketed
pesticide products collected by the pesticide enforcement program.   The
effectiveness and efficiency of these efforts will be improved by the
development of a National  Pesticide Monitoring Plan as required by the
Federal Environmental Pesticide Control  Act.

Purpose of Increase

     To initiate development of the national  monitoring plan, including
coordination with appropriate agencies needed to perform components of
the plan, and to assume funding of estuarine  monitoring contracts
previously funded by NOAA so as to assure continued monitoring of shellfish,
silt, water, and plankton from 200 major estuaries.  The increase also
provides for the increased salary costs  of the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Collected and analyzed soil samples from 41 states and five urban
     areas for pesticides and heavy metals.

   - Collected and analyzed 800 samples  from  200 major estuaries.

   - Supported monitoring of human tissue samples from 75 urban areas.

   - Supported epidemiological studies in 13  states.

   - Analyzed 6,000 samples of marketed pesticides for chemical content
     and conformity to label statements.
                                                                            AC-58

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1974 Objectives
   - Develop a national  pesticides monitoring plan.
   - Collect and analyze 2,300 soil  samples from 41  states and five
     urban areas.
   - Collect and analyze samples from 200 major estuaries.
   - Continue support and update annual  data assessments  of the human
     health effects that result from long periods  of low  level  exposure
     to pesticides.
   - Analyze 6,000 marketed pesticide samples.
   - Develop surveillance procedures for experimental  use permits.
                                                                           AC-59

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                           Abatement and Control

                                Pesticides
                           Technical Assistance

                               Justification
                                   1973           1974          Change

Technical assistance....     $3,588,000     $5,223,000     +$1,635,000

     This program is directed toward providing assistance to the States
as well as other Federal agencies to enable them to develop and maintain
adequate programs.  Under the new Act, the principal  areas of assistance
to the States will be assistance in developing certification plans  for
certifying pesticide applicators, assistance in training applicators,
assistance in developing effective programs for reporting and investigating
accidents, for controlling the storage and disposal of excess stocks of
pesticides, and for monitoring experimental use permits.  The program
also has and will continue providing assistance in the training of
farm workers in the safe handling and use of toxic replacements for DDT.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide increased assistance to the States to enable the training
of pesticide applicators, the development of State programs for
certifying applicators, the strengthening of accident reporting and
investigation programs, and the conduct of other State activities.   The
increase alo provides for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay
raise and the full-year employment costs of new positions filled in
1973.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Conducted Project Safeguard in 14 States, in coordination with
     the Department of Agriculture, to train and inform pesticide users
     in safe handling of toxic replacements for DDT.

   - Initiated design of an accident data reporting system and initiated
     a coordinated EPA-State pesticide accident reporting and investigation
     program.

   - Initated survey of State applicator training and certification
     capabilities, facilities, and needs.

   - Completed State-by-State profiles of organizations, programs,
     problems, and needs.
                                                                        AC-60

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1974 Objectives

   - Complete the assessments of State profiles of capabilities and
     needs.

   - Complete State survey of applicator training and certification needs
     and cosponsor training projects to upgrade State officials in
     the larger State role under the new Act.

   - Publish regulations for certification of  applicators.

   - Initiate financial  assistance for training of certified applicators.

   - Complete microfilming of registration records to provide improved
     accessibility and retrievability of manufacturer and product data.

   - Continue development of the accident reporting and investigation
     system.

   - Continue to assist States in training and informing farm pesticide
     users in the safe handling and use of replacements for DOT.
                                                                        AC-61

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Radiation
   SECTION TAB

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                          Abatement and Control

                                Radiation

Purpose

     The radiation program's abatement and control activities have as
their main focus EPA's responsibilities for setting the basic policies
which provide the basis for all Federal radiation protection programs
and for setting specific standards for radiation levels in the general
environment.  Other components of the program contribute to the
standards and guidelines effort, or to the improvement of State, local,
or other Federal radiation control programs.  These include monitoring
to determine levels of environmental radiation; provision of technical
assistance to other governmental agencies; the conduct of reviews of
federally supported or licensed projects which are a source of
environmental radiation and related engineering studies; as well as
the support of training programs.

                                                                Increase
                                       1973         1974      or Decrease
Budget Authori ty
  Standards and Guidelines	   $792,900     $813,900         +$21,000
  Monitoring	  1,579,600    1,597,000          +17,400
  Technical Assistance	  1,992,600    2,156,800         +164,200
  Academic Training Grants	    483.OOP	83.000	  -400,000

         Total	  4,848,100'   4,650,700         -197,400

End-of-Year Employment
  Standards and Guidelines	         29           29
  Monitoring	,	*..         66           66
  Technical Assistance	         96           96
  Academic Trai ning Grants	  	._._.	._..	._._._
         Total		        191          191

Man-Years, Total	        185          185
                                                                          AC-62

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Summary of Increases and Decreases
                                       1973          1974       Change
Standards and Guidelines           $792.900      $813.900     +$21,000
     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
Monitoring           	1.579.600     1,597.000      +17,400
     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
Technical Assistance	1,992,600     2,156,800     +164,200
     To support additional  contractual  studies related to the
     environmental  impact of components of the nuclear fuel  cycle,
     and to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay
     raise.
Academic Training Grants	 483,000        83,000     -400,000
     Reduction made possible by shifting the funding of academic
     training grants from a  forward-funding basis to a current-year
     basis.
                                                                         AC-63,

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                          Abatement and Control
                               Radiation
                        Standards and Guidelines
                             Justif^atjon
                                             1973        1974     Change
                                                          '
Standards and guidelines.		     $792,900    $813,900   +$21,000
     EPA has two primary responsibilities associated with radiation protection
standards and guidance.  The first of these involves the formulation of
basic Federal policies on radiation protection standards.  The second
responsibility is to establish environmental  protection standards within
these policies to limit radiation levels in the general environment for
classes of sources.
P u rpcisi_e of In ere a s e
     To provide for salary costs associated with the 1973 pay raise.
Suyii fi cant 1973 Accomp 1 i shments
   - Reviewed scientific bases for existing guidelines,
   - Accumulated data on standards for light water cooled reactors and
     fuel reprocessing plants.
1974 Objectives
   - Complete investigation of costs, benefits, and risks for uranium
     fuel cycle and issue standards for that cycle and associated fuel
     reprocessing facilities.
   - Develop basic data for environmental protection standards for
     nuclear fuel fabrication plants.
   - Increase efforts to develop data for future standards on long-lived
     transuranic radionuclides such as plutonium.
                                                                       .AC-64

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                          Abatement and Control

                                Radiation
                               Monitoring

                              Justification

                                        1973            1974       Change

Monitoring...........	     $1,579,600      $1,597,000     +$17,400

     The core of EPA's radiation monitoring activity is the  National
Environmental Radiation Monitoring Program which involves State and local
as well as Federal  effort.  It is aimed at obtaining baseline data on
levels of existing environmental radiation; determining any changes
occurring in the radiological quality of the environment, the magnitude
of this change, and the nature and probable source of the contaminant;
providing data for estimating population exposure to ionizing and
nonionizing radiation; determining if environmental levels are within
established radiological guidelines and standards; assisting in evaluation
of the effectiveness of existing control programs; publishing environmental
radiological quality data from Federal, State, and utility monitoring
programs; establishing programs for analytical quality control services to
assure compatibility and reliability of the data from various participating
laboratories; and providing consultation and technical assistance on
monitoring activities to regional offices, States, and other Federal agencies

        of Increase
     To provide for increased salary costs associated with the 1973 pay
raise.

Si gn if i cant 1973 Accomp 1 i sjiments

   - Established program for determination of compliance of nuclear power
     industry with general environmental radiation guidelines.

   - Established program to determine impact of nonionizing radiation on
     man and the environment,

   - Continued field investigations of uranium mill tailings problem in
     nine western States.

   - Operated existing radiation surveillance networks and collected and
     published radiological data.

   - Developed models for predicting environmental impact of radioactive
     discharges from nuclear power facilities.

   - Provided quality control services for Federal, State, and local agencies
                                                                          AC-65

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   - Assisted States in developing emergency response  plans.
   - Administered State contracts  for monitoring environment  around
     nuclear facilities.
1974 Objectives
   - Modify surveillance networks  to better support environmental  impact
     evaluations and radiation standard setting.
   - Conduct field studies of selected sources  of high power  nonionizing
     electromagnetic radiation to  support issuance of  guidance  to  Federal
     agencies on thermal  effects of radio and microwave radiation.
   - Evaluate environmental effects of nuclear  power plant operation
     on man.
   - Continue development of pathway and dose model validation.
   - Continue monthly publication  of Radiation  Data and Reports.
   - Continue quality assurance and uranium mill tailings  efforts.
                                                                      AC-66

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                          Abatement and Control

                                Radiation
                          Technical Assistance

                              Justificatiori

                                      1973             1974        Change

Technical assistance....	    $1,992,600       $2,156,800     +$1643200

     EPA provides radiation technical assistance in three primary areas:
environmental impact reviews; manpower planning and training; and
information and assistance to State and local governments.  As a part of
its overall responsibilities for review of environmental impact statements
submitted by other Federal agencies, EPA conducts detailed evaluations of
proposals for the design, construction, and modification of radiation
producing facilities which are to be operated by Federal agencies or are
subject to Federal regulation.  In order to provide the technical base
necessary to conduct these environmental assessments, EPA also conducts
a series of engineering studies aimed at providing a better understanding
of the design and operation of devices and systems for containment,
treatment, disposal of radioactive wastes.  Manpower planning and training
is supported by EPA through a coordinated regional program de$igned to
offer short course training to persons already  employed in radiation
control activities in State, local, and other Federal agencies.  These
courses are conducted by EPA staff .and are-intended to improve the skills
and knowledge of trainees in specific subject areas.  EPA also maintains
a small staff in each of its ten regional offices to provide continuing
liaison and assistance to State and local environmental radiation programs.

Purpose of Increase

     To support contractual studies related to the environmental impact
of components of the  nuclear fuel cycle and to provide for the increased
salary costs associated with the 1973 pay raise.

Si gn.i f i cant 1973 Accompl i shments

   - Reviewed approximately 45 environmental impact statements related
     to the nuclear power industry and approximately 30 statements covering
     such diverse radiation producing activities as underground weapons
     testing, aerospace applications, methods of shipment of nuclear
     materials, and facilities and equipment for scientific research.

   - Conducted engineering studies of two operating reactors and
     environmental impact associated with liquid metal fast breeder
     reactor.
                                                                          AC-67

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   - Organized regional  training committees  to  assess  needs  involving
     manpower planning in States.
   - Supported two institutions  providing technical  training to  58
     technicians.
   - Provided technical  information and assistance to  State  and  local
     governments,  including promotion of State  control  programs  and
     development and testing of  emergency plans.
1974 Objectives
   - Continue review of environmental impact statements.
   - Complete engineering study  on boiling water  reactor.
   - Initiate study on potential Impact of accidents at nuclear  fuel
     reprocessing  and fabrication facilities.
   - Continue support of technician training program.
   - Support workshops and seminars in support  of manpower planning  and
     training needs identified by regional training committees.
   - Increase regional technical assistance  efforts in radiation control.
                                                                          AC-68

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                          Abatement and Control
                                Radiation
                         Academic Training Grants
                              Justification
                              '"'	-—.---- -
                                          1973       1974         Change
                                          '            '            ..    .
Academic training grants	       $483,000    $83,000      -$400,000
     To assure availability of academic resources adequate to provide
professionally and technically trained personnel for staffing of State
and Federal radiation control programs,  EPA makes grants to selected
academic institutions to support partial costs of faculty salaries and
equipment and, in some instances, tuition and stipends for selected
students.
Purpose ofDecrease
     To realize a savings in Federal Government obligations by shifting
to a current year basis in grant funding from a forward funding policy.
Si gni ficant 1973 Accompl ishme_nts_
   - Supported eight institutions offering graduate training for 56
     prospective entry level radiation protection professionals.
   - Provided tuition and stipend support for 35 students enrolled in
     these programs.
1974 Objectives
   - Continue to support seven institutions with about 49 enrolled
     students.
   - Reduce student support  in accordance with EPA policy.
                                                                       •  AC-69

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   - Distributed, upon request, 80,000 design  manuals  for use by
     municipal  waste water design engineers.

   - Prepared design manuals for pulp/paper and iron/steel  industries.

1974 Objectives

   - Present ten regular design seminars for municipal  and  industrial
     design engineers.

   - Prepare design manuals on nitrogen control and the use of oxygen
     aeration for municipal waste water treatment plants.

   - Prepare industrial design manuals on the  power and texitile industry
     including subject matteron air monitoring.
                                                                        AC-70

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Noise
 SECTION TAB

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                                    Abatement and Control

                                            Noise
         Purpose

              New authorities under the Noise Control Act of 1972 provide for a
         strong Federal involvement in the abatement and control of noise
         pollution.  The new Act authorizes the establishment of noise emission
         standards for products distributed in commerce, for railroads and
         motor carriers, and for aircraft.  Noise emission standards will reflect
\         the degree of noise reduction achievable through application of the
         best available technology, taking into account the cost of compliance
         and appropriate safety considerations.
4
 I            Technical assistance has been extended under the new Act to include,
  ;       in addition to Federal agencies, assistance to State and local
  ^       governments to facilitate their development and enforcement of ambient
  !       noise standards.  To this end, EPA disseminates information on the
 •;       effects of noise, acceptable noise levels, and techniques for noise
  |       measurement and control.
  *'
  t
                                                                        Increase
  1                                       1973           1974          or Decrease
  i                                         ~~       •    ~                    '    '
         Budget Authority
 , '       Standards and Guidelines $1,232,000     $2,305,000          +$1,073,000
 |        Technical Assistance....    851,100      1,182,500	    +331,400
  i
 j              Total	  2,083,100      3,487,500           +1,404,400
 i
'}        End-of-Year Employment
I         Standards and GuideTTnes        ...             14                  +14
•         Technical Assistance	         12             17                   +5
                Total	         12             31                  +19

         Man-Years, Total	         11             24                  +13
                                                                               A'C-71

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Summary of Increases and Decreases


                                1973           1974          Change
            .              •                     •""""          ""—
Standards and Guidelines  $1,232,000     $2,305,000     +$1.073,000

     To provide for the development of noise emission standards
     required to implement the Noise Control Act of 1972.

Technical Assistance         851,100      1,182,500	+331.400

     To provide technical assistance to State and local governments
     to assist their development and enforcement of ambient noise
     standards, and to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973
     pay raise.
                                                                          AC-72

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                           Abatement and Control

                                   Noise
                         Standards  and Guidelines

                               Justification
                                1973           1974          Change

Standards and guidelines  $1,232,000     $2,305,000     +$1,073,000

     The Noise Control  Act of 1972 requires  EPA to promote an environment
free from noise that jeopardizes public health and welfare.   The  major
regulatory thrust of this legislation is the establishment of noise
emission standards for newly manufactured products, which  are major
sources of noise, and for interstate carriers,

Purpose of Increase

     The increase is necessary to provide for the development of  noise
emission standards required to implement the Noise Control  Act of 1972.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Began identification of noise criteria  affecting public  health
     or welfare necessary for publication of criteria document,

   - Prepared information on environmental noise required  to  protect
     public health and welfare.

   - Developed information for report to Congress on airport  and
     aircraft noise.

   - Consulted with Federal Aviation Administration on the prescription
     and amendment of standards for measurement of aircraft noise and
     sonic boom.

1974 Objectives

   - Issuance of noise criteria document and report identifying major
     sources of noise and control techniques,

   - Compile and publish information on methods of controlling
     environmental noise.

   •* Publish information on levels of noise  necessary to protect  the
     public health and welfare.
                                                                          AC-73

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- Promulgate regulation requiring certificates of compliance
  with Federal noise standards for importation of foreign products

- Promulgate regulations to control and abate noise from surface
  carriers engaged in interstate commerce.

- Complete a comprehensive study of aircraft and airport noise
  and submit a report to Congress.

- Recommend aircraft noise regulations to the Federal  Aviation
  Administration.

- Implement labeling requirements of the Noise Control Act.
                                                                  AC-74

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                           Abatement and Control

                                   Noise
                          .Technical Assistance

                              Justification
                                1973.           1974          Change

Technical assistance ......  $851,100     $1,182,500       +$331,400

     EPA provides technical information and assistance to State, local,
and other Federal agencies for the abatement and control  of noise that
jeopardizes the public health or welfare.  Assistance is  provided in
the form of training and help in the selection and operation of
noise abatement and control equipment.  Information is developed and
disseminated to State, local, and other Federal  agencies  on model
laws and ordinances, noise effects, and measurement and control
technology.

Purpose of Increase

     The increase will permit EPA to establish a base for undertaking
a comprehensive State and local assistance effort to provide adequate
noise control legislation, codes and programs, and will provide for
the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay -raise.

S i gn 1 f i c ant_ j 973^ Ac : comp 1 i shme n ts

   - Assisted in the development and enforcement of ambient noise
     levels by advising State and local governments on training of
     noise control personnel .

   - Assisted State and local governments on the selection and operation
     of noise measurement and control equipment.

   - Developed information on State and local laws and ordinances.

   - Disseminated information on noise effects, acceptable levels
     of noise, and measurement and control techniques,

   - Coordinated Federal noise abatement and control effort.
                                                                        AC-75

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1974 Objectives

   - Undertake a comprehensive State and local  assistance effort to
     provide adequate noise control  legislation,  code, and programs.

   - Develop Federal  interagency noise abatement  and control
     coordination mechanisms.

   - Prepare and distribute guidelines to assist  Federal  agencies
     to assess objectionable noise.

   - Inventory noise  control and abatement activities at  Federal
     installations.

   - Establish a Low-Noise-Emission  Product Advisory Committee to
     assist in determining which products qualify for certification.

   - Consult with other Federal  agencies regarding noise  emission
     regulations on  imports and development of  improved methods and
     standards for measurement and monitoring of  noise.

   - Review about 2,000 environmental  impact statements to determine
     whether the resulting noise levels adversely affect  the
     environment.
                                                                          AC-76

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    Program
Management and
    Support
      SECTION TAB

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                         Abatement and Control

                    Program Management and Support

Purpose

     This activity encompasses the overall management of and support
for the Abatement and Control programs described  in the foregoing
sections.  It also covers the staffing and funding of the Office of
Toxic Substances and the Division of  Intergovernmental Activities of
the Office of Legislation.

                                                                 Increase
                                      1973           1974      or Decrease
Budget Authori ty
  Program Management	,.     $7,168,600     $10,541,000      +$3,372,400
  Program Support	     15,567,600     20,940,600       +5,373,000
  Grant and Contract Review
    Committees	      2.000.000	    ...	-2,000,000

        Total	     24,736,200     31,481,600       +6,745,400

End-pf-Yeaj^ Employment
  Program Management	            266            254               -12
  Program Support	
  Grant and Contract Review
    Commi ttees	   	:.^__.	._._.	._..

        Total	            266            254               -12

Man-Years. Total.....	...            258            246               -12
                                                                          AC-7 7

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SummaryofIncreases and Decreases

                                  1973            1974           Change

Program Management	$7,168.600     $10,541,000      +$3.372.400

  Air and water programs.,.  2,994,800       2,919,800          -75,000

     A decrease in funding requirements made possible by a reduction
     in staff during 1973.

  Categorical programs	  3,396,200       2,825,600         -570,600

     A decrease resulting from the comparative transfer of the
     managerial staff of the Office of Solid Waste Management to
     Abatement and Control, Solid Wastes.

  Toxic substances.	    469,000       4,481,300       +4,012,300

     To expand the staff of the Office of Toxic Substances, to
     provide for additional toxic substances studies, and to
     provide the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

  Intergovernmental
    activities	    308,600         314,300           +5,700

     To meet the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Program Support       	15,567,600      20,940,600	+5,373,000

     To cover a prorated share of the Agency's increased funding requirements
     for common support services—refer to the section on Agency and
     Regional Management for a description of these requirements.

Grant and  Contract Review
  Committees	2,000,000	._._.	-2,000,000

     A reduction for this purpose is achieved due to the Agency
     requirement that such committees will be funded by the programs
     concerned.
                                                                            AC-78

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                          Abatement and Control

                      Program Management and Support
                            Program Management

                               Justification
                                1973         1974      .    Change

Air and water programs..  $2,994,800   $2,919,800        -$75,000

     This activity provides for overall  management of the Office of
Air and Water Programs, including the development of program policies
and strategies, the overall planning of air and water activities,
the monitoring and review of program performance, including that
performed in the regions, and the direction of the program activities
performed in headquarters.  To carry out these functions, this
activity provides for the following staffing of managerial personnel:

                                                          1973    1974

     Offi ce of Ai r and Water Programs	         45      45
     Office of Water Programs Operations	          8       8
     Office of Water Planning and Standards	          6       6
     Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards..         12      12
     Office of Mobile Sources Air Pollution Control         12      12
Purpose, of Decrease

     The 1974 funding requirements of this activity will be less than
those of 1973 because of reductions in the staffing of the above offices
during 1973 (these reductions are reflected in the above staffing
figures for both 1973 and 1974).  The increased salary costs of the
1973 pay raise are offset by the reduced funding requirements.

Categorical programs....  $3,396,200   $2,825,600       -$570,600

     This activity provides for overall management of the Office of
Categorical Programs, including the development of program policies
and strategies, the overall planning of categorical program activities,
the monitoring and review of program performance, including that
performed in the regions, and the direction of the program activities
performed at headquarters.  To carry out these functions, this
activity provides for the following staffing of managerial personnel:
                                                                            AC-79

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                                                              1973   1974

     Office of Categori cal  Programs ............	...          23     23
     Office of Solid Waste  Management Programs	          30
     Offi ce of Pesti ci des Programs	          64     64
     Offi ce of Radi ati on Programs	• •          25     25
     Offi ce of Noi se Control  Programs	           3      6
Purpose, of Decrease

     The managerial staff and funding requirements of the Office of
Solid Waste Management are included in the Abatement and Controls Solid
Waste resources described in a foregoing section.   This comparative
transfer offsets the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise
and the increased costs for management of the Office of Noise Control
Program and further provides for the decreased funding requirements
indicated above.  The increase in the managerial staff of the Office
of Noise Control Programs is to provide for the management and direction
of the expanded noise program required to implement the Noise Control
Act of 1972.
                                1973         1974          Change

Toxic substances	        $469,000   $4,481,300     +$4,012,300

     All resources for EPA's Office of Toxic Substances are included
in this activity.   The Office coordinates EPA's many activities related
to the research, investigation, and regulation of toxic substances—these
being administered by the Office of Research and Monitoring, the Office
of Air and Water Programs, and other components of the Agency,  This
Office also conducts and supports contractual studies to perfect EPA's
knowledge about the types, quantities, and occurrences of toxic
substances in the environment; the origin and subsequent processes of
distribution and migration of these substances into the environment;
and other facets of toxic substances such as methods of testing and
control.  These studies cover aspects of toxic substances that are
not covered by the toxic materials activities of the other components
of the Agency.

Purpose of Increase

     To expand the staff of the Office of Toxic Substances from 26 to
41 and to provide for additional studies of the type described above
(during 1973, the contracted studies of the Office of Toxic Substances
were funded with $1,250,000 of 1972 carryover funds),  Considerable
work needs to be accomplished to gain a comprehensive knowledge of the
vast array of toxic substances which now invade the environment and
which  potentially may be causing serious but yet undetected health and
environmental effects.  This increase also provides for  the increased
costs  of the  1973 pay raise.
                                                                          AC-80

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                                        1973         1974         Change

Intergovernmental activities....     $308,600     $314,300        +$5,700

     This activity provides for the staffing and funding of the
Intergovernmental Relations Division of the Office of Legislation.   This
Division provides the liaison between and coordination of EPA's programs
with State and interstate organizations.  The Division has a staff of 12.

Purpose of I n c re a s e

     To provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
                                                                       AC-81

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                           Abatement and Control

                       Program Management and Support
                              Program Support

                               Justification
                                1973         1974          Change

Program support.......    $15S567,600  $20,940,600     +$5S373S000

     This element constitutes the prorated share of EPA's total
funding requirements for common support services.  These funding
requirements cover certain agencywide and regional  lease,
communication, and other common service costs which are managed
through a single headquarters and ten regional accounts.  These
requirements are fully described in the section covering Agency  and
Regional Management.  The prorated share charged under this element
represents that portion required to support the programs funded  and
conducted under the Abatement and Control appropriation account.

PurposepfIncrease

     This increase, together with those under similar elements under the
Research and Development and Enforcement appropriation accounts, is
described under the  section covering Agency and Regional Management.
                                                                            AC-82

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                         Abatement and Control

                     Program Management and Support
                  Grant and Contract Review Committees
Grant and contract review
  commi ttees.,	
                               ^stiflcation

                                         1973
$2,000,000
                  1974
     Change
-$2,000,000
     In 1973, the House Appropriations Committee earmarked, by appropriation
language, $2,000,000 for Abatement and Control  specifically to fund
advisory committees.  The Committee indicated the  job  of cleaning up the
environment is so big and so important to the future of our country that
it is absolutely essential that we utilize such resources as we can in a
manner that will yield the greatest return.  Therefore, they recommended
that advisory committees be utilized to review the priority of the Agency
and to advise the Administrator as to which contracts or grants will  provide
the greatest return to the Agency in relation to those priorities.

     As a result of this action, an exhaustive review was conducted of the
existing advisory committee structure, its possible use in complying with
the requirements of the Appropriation Act, and the existing and
new advisory committees in the Agency's complex grant and control  program.
The review was difficult in view of the stringent requirements of the
Federal Advisory Committee Act of 1972, effective January 5, 1973; however*
EPA now has various committees designated to fulfill these requirements.

Purpose of Decrease

     The budget proposes the elimination of the specific earmarking of funds
in  the appropriation language for this purpose.  However, EPA will still
continue this committee review process in 1974 with funding to be
accommodated by the programs concerned, since the review also indicated
that the funds required were considerably less than that earmarked for 1973.
                                                                    AC-83

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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                                           Enforcement
           Purpose

                Enforcement responsibilities are in the areas of air pollution
           controls water pollution control, and pesticides control.  Much of the
           effort  is in support of or in cooperation with State and local
           enforcement programs, such as the enforcement of ambient air quality
           and air stationary source standards; navigable and Interstate water
           quality standards; and issuance of discharge permits.  Some efforts,
           however, are primarily Federal responsibilitiess such as the enforcement
           of air  mobile source standards and pesticides product registration.
           Enforcement includes such actions as notices of violation, abatement
           orders, enforcement conferences, civil and criminal court actions,
           and in  the case of pesticides, recalls and seizures.  Included also
           is the  overall management and support of the enforcement programs.
           Budget Authority
             Air...	
             Water  Quality....	..
             Pesticides........	
             Program Management and
               Support	
      1972A/

$1,143,000
13,847,900
 1,197,400

 5.966,000
      1973

$4,301,000
20,867,100
 1,626,300

 8,780,000
      1974

$8,671,400
24,453,000
 3,117,600

11.157.600
                  Total	

           Manpower Resources

             End-of-Year Employment..
             Man-Years»	
22,154,300      35,574,400      47,399,600

             1973            1974
            15477
            1,251
            1,682
            1,556
A J
           a/  Provided for comparative purposes and represents resources approved
               under the appropriation "Operations, Research, and Facilities" for
               activities now carried under this appropriation.
                                                                               E-l

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 Air
SECTION TAB

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                              Enforcement

                                 Air

Purpose

     The air enforcement program is directed toward achieving compliance
with the standards and regulations established for stationary and mobile
sources of air pollution under the provisions of the Clean Air Act,  as
amended.  The stationary source enforcement program is being undertaken
in cooperation with the States and includes enforcement of State
implementation plans, New Source Performance Standards, and National
Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants.  The mobile source
enforcement program is primarily a Federal  effort directed toward achieving
compliance with fuel and motor vehicle emission standards and regulations.

                                                                Increase
                                       1973        1974       or Decrease
Budget Authority
  Stationary Source Enforcement  $3,662,600  $7,451,400       +$3,788,800
  Mobile Source Enforcement	     638,400   1,220,000	+581,600

         Total	   4,301,000   8,671,400        +4,370,400

End-pf-Year Employment
  Stationary Source Enforcement         191         261               +70
  Mobile Source Enforcement	          36	36	...

         Total	         227         297               +70

Man-Years. Total	         162         263              +101
                                                                  E-2

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Summary of Increases and Decreases

                                        1973         1974         Change

Stationary Source Enforcement     $3,662,600   $7S451,400    +$3,788,800
  '
    An increase of $2S7003000 will result from the comparative transfer
    of 70 employees from their current abatement and control  activity
    of providing assistance to States for the development of State
    implementation plans to the enforcement activity.

    The remainder of the increase is to cover the full-year employment
    costs of new positions filled in 1973 and to provide for the increased
    salary costs of the 1973 pay raise,

Mobile Source Enforcement     	638,400    1,220,000	+581,600

    To collect datas design a sampling strategy and develop the
    sampling capability for enforcing compliance with the recently
    promulgated regulations requiring the availability for sale of
    unleaded gasolines, to collect data and conduct confirmation
    tests relative to curbing tampering with automotive emission
    control devices, to cover the full-year employment costs of
    positions filled in 1973, and to provide for the increased salary
    costs of the 1973 pay raise.
                                                                    E-3

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                               Enforcement

                                  Air
                       Stationary Source Enforcement

                              Justification

                                      197.3         |974            Change

Stationary source enforcement   $3,662,600   $7,451,400       +$397889800

     The stationary source air enforcement program is designed to
effectively utilize the enforcement authorities provided by the Clean
Air Act to ensure nationwide compliance with State Implementation Plans
(SIP's), New Source Performance Standards (NSPS), and National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS).  Responsibility for
enforcement of standards applicable to stationary sources is shared by
EPA and the States.  Primary responsibility for enforcement of State
Implementation Plans rests with the States although EPA must assume
responsibility where States fail to act.

     Accordingly EPA's stationary source enforcement program consists of
surveillance9 monitoring, and evaluation of State enforcement programs;
provision of technical? legal, and case development assistance to State
programs; and selective Federal enforcement of implementation plan
requirements designed to encourage and support State efforts and to
foster voluntary compliance.

Purpose of Increase

     An increase of $23700S000 will result from the planned transfer of
70 employees and positions from the abatement  and control  air program
to this activity.  This transfer reflects a transition from the development
of State implementation plans to the execution and enforcement of these
plans.  By and large , the major effort of assisting the States in
developing implementation plans required by the Clean Air Amendments of
1970 has been completed and the task ahead is to assist the States or
otherwise see to the execution of these plans.  The transferred resources
will be employed to work more closely with State enforcement programs
in the attainment of two basic objectives:  (!) establishment of reasonable
compliance schedules, and  (2) achievement of compliance by all sources
subject to emission control regulations.  The remainder of the increase
is to cover the full-year employment costs of new positions filled in 1973
and to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Si gni f i cant 1 973 Accompl i shments

   - Established effective liaison with State enforcement programs.

   - Reviewed and approved an estimated 509000 compliance schedules
     submitted by the States.
                                                                   E-4

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   ~ Developed an  automated  information  system  to  store  basic data from
     State compliance  schedules  and  enforcement actions  for  hazardous
     air pollutants.

   - Evaluated State enforcement programs  and developed  a  Federal
     enforcement strategy  for each State.

   - Reviewed approximately  3,000 waiver requests  from sources  unable
     to comply with hazardous air pollutant  standards.

   - Issued approximately  20 notices of  violations and initiated an
     estimated 10 abatement  orders and conferences and two court actions,

1974 Objectives

   - Assist States in  developing and applying reasonable compliance
     schedules under State implementation  plans.

   - Stimulate and assist  the development  of strong,  effective  State
     enforcement programs.

   - Provide direct Federal  enforcement  of NSPS and NESHAPS  except where
     delegated to States,  including  notices  of  violations, abatement
     orders, and court actions as necessary.

   - Issue an estimated 500  notices  of violation,  initiate approximately
     250 abatement orders  and 50 court actions  to  achieve  compliance
     with standards.
                                                                    E-5

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                               Enforcement

                                   Air
                        Mobile Source Enforcement

                              Justification

                                      J973_            1974         Change

Mobile source enforcement......   $638,400       $1,220,000      +$581S60Q

     The mobile source enforcement program  is directed toward achieving
compliance with the vehicle and aircraft emission standards  and fuel
regulations promulgated by EPA under the provisions of the Clean Air Act,
as amended.  The activities of this program  include preventing the
introduction into commerce of uncertified new domestic and imported
vehicles; examining the certification procedures of domestic and foreign
automobile manufacturers;  enforcement of the assembly-line inspection,
recall, warranty and tampering provisions of the Act;  and enforcing
Federal regulations on fuels and fuel additives.

Purpose of Increase

     The increase will provide for the initiation of contracts to collect
data and design a sampling program and for the purchase of mobile
laboratories to establish the capability of enforcing the recently
promulgated regulations requiring the availability of unleaded gasoline
by July 1974.  The increase will also provide for the initiation of
contracts to collect data and perform vehicle emission tests to further
the ongoing enforcement of regulations prohibiting automobile companies
and dealers from tampering with automotive emission control  devices.
Finally, the increase is to provide for the  full-year employment costs
of new positions filled in 1973 and to provide for the increased salary
costs of the 1973 pay raise,

Signi_fleant 1973 Accomp 1 i s hments

   - Developed a detailed plan to assure the availability of lead-free
     gasoline by July 1974.     ;

   - Developed a computer system for use in monitoring imported motor
     vehicles and engines subject to Federal air pollution emissions
     controls.

   - Launched an information program to acquaint the publics importers,
     and customs officials with requirements of the law relating to
     imported vehicles.

   - Initiated a program to inspect manufacturers' vehicle certification
     records and procedures to assure that certification activities are
     in compliance with the Clean Air Act standards and regulations.
                                                                    E-6

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   - Developed regulations  governing  tampering with  emission  control
     devices  and investigated potential  violations*

   - Developed regulations.requiring  manufacturers to  provide specific
     warranty coverage and  to submit  written  warranties  for EPA  review.

   - Conducted approximately 300 inquiries,  inspections,  and  investigations
     of possible violations of standards and  regulations*  conducted  five
     public hearings on extensions  and waivers»  initiated  three  recalls
     of in-use vehicles to  correct  deficiencies.,  and initiated eight
     civil  actions to obtain compliance with  standards and regulations,

1974 Objectives

   - Develop  a sampling program for enforcing compliance with lead-free
     gasoline regulations.

   - Continue the inspection of vehicle certification  records and procedures,

   - Encourage and assist States in the adoption  of  antitampering
     legislation to supplement Federal tampering  control  efforts.

   - Monitor     an estimated 3 million imported  vehicles  and  engines for
     compliance with emission control regulations.

   - Conduct  approximately  2,000 inquiries*  inspections, and  investigations
     of possible violations of standards and regulations9  conduct an
     estimated six public hearings  on requests for extensions and waivers,
     initiate approximately six recalls to  correct deficiencies  on in-use
     vehicles,and initiate  70 civil actions  to obtain  compliance with
     standards and regulations.
                                                                    E-7

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Water Quality
     SECTION TAB

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\,                                        Enforcement
                                        Water Quality
         Purpose
              This activity encompasses the conduct of various enforcement
         actions to achieve compliance with water quality standards, oil and
         hazardous materials regulations and waste discharge permits issued,
         established, or otherwise provided by the Federal Water Pollution
         Control Act, as amended.  It also Includes the review and issuance
         of waste discharge permits authorized by the same Act.  These
         activities are conducted cooperatively with the States and maximum
         State assumption of these responsibilities is encouraged.

                                                                        Increase
                                         1973           1974          or Decrease

         Budget Authority
          Water Quality Enforcement   $12,068,700    $13,449,000      +$1,380,300
          Water Quality Permit
            Program......	     8,798,400     11.004,000       +2.205.600
End-of-Year Employment
Water Quality Enforcement
Water Quality Permit
Program. 	 	 	
Total 	
Man-Years , Total 	

587
460
1 ,047
897

585
519
1 ,104
1,048

_2
+59
+57
+151
                                                                             E-8

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Summary^ of Increases and Decreases


                                1973           1974          Change

Water Quality Enforcement     $12,068,700    $13,449,000   +$1.380,300

     To cover the full-year employment cost of new positions filled
     in 1973 and to provide for the increased salary costs of the
     1973 pay raise.

Water Quality Permit Program    8,798,400     11.004,000    +2,205,600

     To provide for the full-year cost of positions transferred to
     EPA from the Corps of Engineers during 1973; to cover the costs
     of additional positions to adequately staff the program; and
     to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay
     raise for positions currently in the program.
                                                                    E-9

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                                Enforcement

                               Water Quality
                         Water Quality Enforcement

                               Justification


                                1973           1974          Change

Water quality enforcement   $12,068,700    $13,449,000   +$1,380,300

     Water quality standards have been required for all  interstate
navigable waters in the United States since the passage  of the 1965
amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.  The 1972
amendments to the Act have extended this regulatory authority by
calling for the establishment of compatible water quality standards
for the intrastate waters of each State and requiring that a waste
discharge permit system based upon effluent limits for municipal,
industrial, and other waste discharges be established using the best
practicable control technology currently available as the basis for
these permits.

     The focus of the water enforcement program will largely shift from
the enforcement of water quality standards to the issuance and enforcement
of permits.  The key enforcement mechanism under the new amendments to
the Act will consist of administrative compliance orders and civil and
criminal penalty actions for violations of permit conditions and
limitations or compliance orders.

Pu rpose of Increas e

     To cover the full-year employment costs of new positions filled in
1973 and to provide the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Completed negotiations and finalized approximately 600 consent
     decrees.

   - Completed case preparation and referred approximately 32 cases to
     the U.S. Attorney.

1974 Objectives

   - Initiate approximately 65 referrals to the U.S. Attorney of
     violations of oil and hazardous substances discharge regulations.
                                                                   E-10

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Survey an estimated 2,100 discharges in basins classified as
water quality standards limited to support the development and
issuance of permits in these basins.

Investigate approximately 450 permittees to determine their
compliance with permit conditions.

Hold approximately 1,600 public hearings prerequisite to the
issuance of permits and participate in similar hearings held by
the States.

Review and evaluate proposed State permit programs prerequisite
to transferring the authority for issuing waste discharge permits
to the individual States*
                                                              E-ll

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                                 Enforcement

                                Water Quality
                        Water Quality Permit Program

                                Justification
                                    1973           1974          Change

Water quality permit  program   $8S7989400      $11,004,000   +$2,205,600

     During 1973, the Refuse Act Permit Program was replaced by the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System» which, under Section 402
of the Federal Water Pollution Control  Act Amendments of 1972, requires
all point sources of pollutant discharge to obtain a discharge permit.
Basic changes in the program include the transfer of administrative
responsibility for the program from the Corps of Engineers to EPA and
the addition of three new categories of dischargers which are required
to obtain permits:  municipal, commercial, and agricultural point
sources of discharge.  The new legislation authorizes EPA to transfer
the authority for issuing permits to those States which have a qualifying
permit program.  In those cases where the program is tranferred, EPA
retains the authority for review of proposed permit actions.

     The water quality program primarily involves the review of permit
applications, the development of the conditions to be made part of the
permits, (treatment levels, monitoring requirements, compliance schedules,
etc.) and the issuance of permits.  EPA insures that State views are
considered in the preparation of EPA issued permits and works closely
with those States to which the program has been transferred, assisting
them in training personnel and in reviewing and developing permit
conditions.  It is assumed that EPA will issue a majority of the permits
during 1974, pending the States' development of programs and enactment
of legislative authorities to permit them to qualify for transfer of
the program to their administration.

Purpose of Increase

     During 1973, 130 positions will be transferred from the Corps of
Engineers to EPA to enable EPA to assume the administrative functions
of the program heretofore assumed by the Corps under the Refuse Act.
Also, during 1973, $2,000,000 will be transferred to EPA to cover the
partial year costs of these positions.and other associated costs of the
program.  The increase is to provide for the full-year cost of these
transferred positions, to cover the costs of an additional 59 positions
needed to effectively administer this program, and to provide for the
increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise for those positions currently
assigned to the program.
                                                                  E-12

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Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Issued the new permit forms, guidelines, and regulations required
     to implement the new permit program.

   - Issued interim authorizations to operate the permit program to
     17 States and American Samoa.

   - Issued effluent guidance for 21 industrial categories.

   - Issued approximately 2,000 industrial discharge permits.

1974 Objectives

   - In cooperation with the States9 develop necessary conditions for
     approximately 30,000 permits and issue approximately 20,000
     permits.

   - Provide technical support and assistance to States to foster
     development of the maximum number of State permit programs.

   - Transfer the program to as many States as qualify.
                                                                   E-13

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Pesticides
   SECTION TAB

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                                Enforcement

                                Pesticides
Purpose

     The EPA pesticides enforcement program includes  the  inspection
and registration of pesticides  producing establishments;  the  surveillance
of pesticide products on the market, imported pesticide productsy
experimental permits and pesticide uses; and the  initiation of
enforcement actions when violations are detected, including recalls,
seizures, stop sales, injunctive actions, and criminal prosecutions as
required to implement the Federal  Environmental Pesticides Control
Act of 1972,

                                                             Increase
                                1973         1974         or Decrease

BudgetAut|iont^
 Pesticides Enforcement   $1.626,300   $3,117,600	+$1,491,300
Total 	
End- of- Year Employment
Pesticides Enforcement
Total... 	
Man-Years , Total 	
1,626,300

93
93
85
3,117,600

164
164
133
+1 ,491 ,300

+71
+71
+48
                                                                    E-14

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Summaryof Increases and Decreases


                                1973         1974          Change

Pesticides Enforcement    $1S626,3QO   $3,117,600     +$1.491,300

     To provide the additional  staffing required to implement new
     authorities and responsibilities of the Federal  Environmental
     Pesticides Control Act of 1972; to improve the surveillance
     of imported pesticide products; and to provide for the increased
     salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
                                                                   E-15

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                               Enforcement

                               Pesticides
                         Pesticides  Enforcement

                              Jus tl f 1 cat i on_

                                   HZ!           1974             Change

Pesticides enforcement.....   $1,626,300     $3,117,600        +$1,491,300

     The pesticide program for 1974 will encompass a continuation of
ongoing activity to inspect pesticide products on  the  market to  determine
if they comply with the terms under which  they were registered.   In
addition, the program must be expanded to undertake new activities and
responsibilities directed by the recently  enacted Federal  Environmental
Pesticides Control Act of 1972.  These include the inspection and
registration of manufacturers and formulators of pesticides*  the
surveillance of pesticide usage and the surveillance of compliance with
experimental permits issued under the new  Act.  Moreover.,  the program
must be expanded to provide improved inspection and surveillance  of imported
pesticide products, an effort which current staffing levels  do not permit,

Purpose of Increase

     To provide the additional staffing and resources to carry out new
authorities and responsibilities under the federal Environmental  Pesticides
Control Act of 1972S including the inspection and registration of
manufacturers and formulators of pesticide products, the surveillance of
pesticide usage and the surveillance of experimental permits.  The
increase is also to provide improved inspection and surveillance  of
imported pesticide products and to provide for the increased salary
costs of the 1973 pay raise.

Significant 1973 Accomplishments

   - Collected approximately 69000 product samples, issued an estimated
     1,500 violation notices, and initiated approximately 75 product
     seizures and 300 criminal prosecutions.

1974 Objectives

   - Develop and promulgate regulations to register an estimated  39500
     pesticide manufacturing firms and collect production information
     on each product from these firms.

   - Develop a  computer  system for storage and retrieval of  manufacturer
     registration  and production  information  to  assure  its ready
     availability.
                                                                    E-16

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- Develop an inspection program and inspect a cross-section  of those
  firms registered.

- Initiate a program of pesticide use surveillance  and investigate
  incidents of misuse.

- Spot check uses under experimental  use permits.

- Improve surveillance  of imported pesticide products.

- Issue approximately 1,500 notices of violation,  issue an estimated
  200 stop sale, use, and removal orders; and initiate approximately
  500 civil and criminal  actions.
                                                                 E-17

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    Program
Management and
    Support
     SECTION TAB

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                               Enforcement

                     Program Management and Support

Purpose

     This activity encompasses the overall management of and support for
the Enforcement programs described in the foregoing sections.   It also
provides for the staffing and funding of EPA's Office of General  Counsel
in headquarters and the Office of Regional Counsel  in the ten  regions.

                                                                   Increase
                                      1^73          1974         or Decrease
Budget Authority
  Program Management	....    $2,557,500    $2,853,500           +$296,000
  Program Support	     6.222,500     8.304,100	+2,081,600

          Total..	     8,780,000    11,157,600          +2,377,600

End-of-Year Emp1gyment
  Program Management	           110           117                  +7
  Program Support		._._..	...        	...

          Total	           110           117                  +7

Man-Years. Total		           107           112                  +5
                                                                     E-18

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Summary of Increases and Decreases

                                     1973           1974           Change

Program Management	$2,557,500     $2,853.500	+$296,000

     To increase the  staff of the Office of General  Counsel  to meet the
     increased workload arising from the new water» pesticides,, and noise
     legislations to cover the full-year employment costs of new positions
     filled in 1973, and to provide for the increased salary costs of the
     1973 pay raise.

Program Support	6,222,500      8,304,100	+2,081,600

     To cover a prorated share of the Agency's increased funding
     requirements for common support services—refer to the section on
     Agency and Regional Management for a description of these requirements
                                                                   E-19

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  i                                        Enforcement

                                Program Management and Support
-  '                                    Program Management
i j
                                        Justification

I -                                   •          1973            1974          Change

           Program management.,......    $2,557,500      $2,853,500       +$296,000

                This activity provides for overall management of the Office of
           Enforcement and General Counsel, including the development of program
           policies and strategies, the overall planning of enforcement activities.,
> i         the monitoring and review of the program,, including that performed in the
           regions, and the direction of the program activities performed in
           headquarters.  It also covers the staffing of the Offices of General
           Counsel and Regional Counsel which serve  the needs of all components of
           the Agency.  To carry out these functions, this activity provides for the
           following staffing:

                                                                J973      1974.

                Office of Enforcement and General Counsel         26        28
                Office of Water Enforcement..............          5         5
                Office of General Enforcement............          3         3
                Office of General Counsel....	         46        51
                Office of Regional Counsel.......	'.,..         30        30

           Purposeof Increase

                To provide for the increased workload placed on the Office of General
           Counsel by the recently enacted water9 pesticide, and noise legislation,
           to cover the full-year employment costs of new positions filled in 1973
           and to provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.
                                                                              E-20

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                              Enforcement

                    Program Management and Support
                           , Program Support

                             Justification

                                   1973           1974            Change

Program support.....	      $6,222,500     $8,304,100       +$2,0819600

     This element constitutes the prorated share of EPA's total  funding
requirements for common support services.  These funding requirements
cover certain agencywide  and regional  leases communication,, and  other
common service costs which are managed through a single headquarters
account and ten regional  accounts.  These requirements are fully described
in the section covering Agency and Regional Management.  The prorated
share charged under this  element represents that portion required to
support the programs funded and conducted under the Enforcement
appropriation.

Purpose o f In c re a se

     This increase, together with those under similar elements under the
Research and Development and the Abatement and Control appropriation
accounts, is described under the section covering Agency and Regional
Management.
                                                                     E-21

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Agency and
  Regional
Management
    SECTION TAB

-------
                      Agency and Regional  Management
Purpose
     Activities supported under this appropriation provide for top-
level management of EPA through the Administrator's immediate office
and the immediate offices of the Regional  Administrators, and for
administrative support to the program activities through the Office of
Planning and Management and its regional  counterparts.

Budget Authority                    1.972^          1973            1974
Agency Management and
Support. .............
Regional Management and
Support. .............
$29S222S318
9,879,700.
$36,527,380
9,656,200
40 ,282 3,300
10S5173500
            Total........     39S102S018      46 .,183,580      505799,800

Manpower Resources                      1973               1974

  End-of-Year Employment.              1,794              1S834
  Man-Years..,.,.,.....,.              1,696              1,764
a/  Provided for comparative purposes and represents resources approved
    under the appropriation "Operations, Research, and Facilities" for
    activities now carried under this appropriation.
                                                                       ARM-1

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                      Agency and Regional Management

Purpose

     This activity provides for the overall management and direction
of EPA through the Office of the Administrator and Its staff offices;
for the overall management of EPA's ten regional offices through the
offices of the Regional Administrators and their staff offices; and
for the agencywlde administrative functions performed by the Office
of Planning and Management.  This activity also Includes a prorated
share of the agencywlde and regional common services needed to support
the above mentioned offices.
Budget Authority
Agency Management and
Support. 	 	
Regional Management and
Support 	 , 	
Total 	 	
End-of-Year Employment
Agency Management and
Support. 	 	
Regional Management and
Support 	 ,...,...
Total 	 	 	 	
Man-Years , Total , 	 	
1973
. $36 , 527, 380
9,656,200
46,183,580

1,321
473
1 ,794
1 ,696
1974
$40,282,300
10,517,500
50,799,800

1,331
503
1,834
1,764
Increase
or Decrease
+$3,754,920
+861,300
+4,616,220

+10
+30
+40
+68
                                                                             ARM-2

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Summary ofIncreases and Decreases
Agency Management and
SuDDort
1973
$36,527,380
1974
$40,282,300
Change
+$3, 754,920
  Agency management	......      30,559,100         31,572,100       +1,013,000

     To provide for the increase in administrative support—-contracts
     management, audit, and special studies—required to  implement
     the new legislation enacted in 1973 and to provide for the
     increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

  Agency support....	....      5,968,280          8,710,200       +2,741,920

     To provide for increased  common services required to support the
     expanded programs and  additional  staffing proposed for implementation
     of the new legislation and to meet the additional  needs of  program
     and staffing increases authorized in 1973.

Regional Management and
  Support      	,	9.656,200         10,517,500	+861 ,300

  Regional management	       9,002,400          9,908,500        +906,100

     To provide for the increased staffing needed to handle the  expanded
     administrative workload of the construction grants program  and  to
     provide for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.

  Regional support	         653,800           609,000         -449800

     A decrease  resulting  from nonrecurring costs for renovation and
     relocation of certain  regional offices.
                                                                         ARM-3

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    Agency
Management and
    Support
     SECTION TAB

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                         Agency and Regional  Management
                                                                           »
                          Agency Management and Support


                                   Justification

                                        1973               1974          Change

Agency management	     $30,559,100        $31*572,100     +$1,013,000

     Agency management provides for the staffing and funding of the
Office of the Administrator and its staff offices and the Office of
Planning and Management.

     The Office of the Administrator and its staff offices provide the
top level policy direction and management of the Agency.   The composition
and staffing of these offices  are:

                                                    1973       1974

     Office of Administrator
       and Deputy Administrator	     53         53
     Office of Legislation	     42         42
     Office of Public Affairs.......	     87         87
     Office of International Affairs	     23         23
     Office of Civil Rights and Urban Affairs...     32         32
     Office of Federal Activities	     25         25


     The Office of Planning and Management performs the agencywide
administrative functions required to support EPA's program activities.
It also provides the administrative services required to support the
activities carried out at headquarters in Washington* D.C., and at the
two major field centers at Durham, North Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio.

     The composition and staffing of the Office of Planning and Management
are:

                                                     1973        1974

     Office of Planning and Management	       8           8
     Office of Administration.	     754         757
     Office of Resources Management,.,.........     180         180
     Office of Planning and Evaluation	      63          65
     Office of Audit	      49          54
     Office of Education and Manpower
       Development	........................       5           5
                                                                         ARM-4

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     The largest of these offices, the Office of Administration, covers
the following administrative functions:  agencywide contracts and procurement
management; agencywide grants policy direction; management of EPA's
automated data processing systems; agencywide personnel  policy  direction
and personnel management services for offices located in Washington, D.C.,
Durham, North Carolina, and Cincinnati, Ohio; agencywide management of EPA's
office and laboratory facilities; agencywide security and inspection; and
general administrative services to programs located in the three aforementioned
cities.  The Office of Resources Management covers coordination and management
of EPA's program planning and budget activities and ageneywide management
of EPA accounting and fiscal management activities.

     The funding requirements of Agency Management are predominantly
for salary, benefit, and travel costs for the personnel  staffing the
above-delineated offices.  The major exception is the contract funds allocated
to the Office of Planning and Evaluation for the conduct of economic
and other information-gathering and evaluative studies to support the
activities of that office.

Purpose of Increase

     To provide for the increase in administrative support required to
implement the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972,
as well as other new legislation enacted during the year, and to provide
for the increased salary costs of the 1973 pay raise.  The increased
funding of construction grants and the increase in grant and contract
activity authorized by the new legislation will impose an increased
workload on the Office of Audit! therefore, an increase of staffing of
this office is proposed.  The increase in contracts authorized by the
new legislation will also increase the workload of the Contracts Management
Division of the Office of Administration and an increase in staffing of
this Division is therefore proposed.  Finally, the new water legislation
calls for a variety of economic and other studies as well as the development
of a host of new regulations and standards.  Increased funding to meet these
requirements is thereby proposed.

  Agency support.............     $5,968,280         $8,710,200     +$2,741,920

     This element constitutes the prorated share of agencywide common
service support costs which is charged to the Agency and Regional Management
appropriation account.
                                                                          ARM-5

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     This element together with portions  of the program support elements
carried under the Research and Developments Abatement and Control,  and
Enforcement appropriation accounts, provide the source of funding for a
single agency working account under which agencywide common services  are
funded.  These agencywide common services include:

     -  the rental  and lease of all office and laboratory space occupied
        by EPA exclusive of that owned by EPA or paid for by the General
        Services Administration out of its appropriations.

     -  EPA's automatic data processing systems,

     -  the telephone service used by EPA under the Federal Telecommunication
        System.

     -  telephone service, utilities, custodial and security services,
        printing and library services, and office supplies used by EPA
        offices located in Washington, D.C., Durham, North Carolina,
        and Cincinnati, Ohio.

     -  EPA's total costs for penalty mail.

     -  repairs and alterations to EPA-owned laboratory facilities.

This element does not include any salary, benefit,  or travel costs.

Purpose of jn crea s e

     To provide for increased common services required to support the
expanded programs and staffing proposed in this 1974 budget to implement
new legislation and to support program and staffing increases authorized
in 1973.  The principal items of increase are:


     -  increased rental and lease costs for office and laboratory space
        to house the 345 new positions proposed for 1974 and the 130
        positions to be transferred from the Corps  of Engineers in 1973;

     -  increased Federal Telecommunication System, local telephone,
        utility, custodial and security, printing and library services
        and office supply and equipment maintenance costs required to
        support the new personnel;

     -  increased automated data processing equipment and service costs
        to support new and expanded programs required by the new legislation
        as well as the maturing needs of ongoing programs;
                                                                           ARM-6

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-  additional  funds for the repair and improvement of EPA-owned
   laboratory buildings and equipment to correct safety hazards and
   protect the Federal investment in these facilities;

-  additional  funds for equipping regional laboratories to enable
   them to support implementation of the new legislation; and

-  increased costs for penalty mail.
                                                                     ARM-7

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                         Agency and

                         Regional M

                                Ji
         Regional management.
I
    Regional management provid
immediate Office of the Regiona
Intergovernmental Relations, Pu
Division of Management in each <

    The Offices of the Regiona
provide the overall direction a
The Divisions of Management per
program planning, personnel man
and housekeeping activities--re<

    The funding requirements f
salary, benefit, travel, and ot
the above offices.

Purpose of Increase

    To provide for increased s
the construction grants program
costs of the 1973 pay raise.  T
grants program under the Federa
impose an increased workload on
administrative functions carrie
include the processing of oblig
and the review and monitoring o
compliance with civil rights re
         Regional support.
            This element constitutes t
         service support costs which are
         Management appropriation accoun

            This element together with
         carried under the Research and
         Enforcement appropriation accou
         regional working accounts under
         These common services include t
         housekeeping requirements, and
         regional programs.  They exclud
            Regie
Managem
             Supp
                                                                     SECTION

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                            Construction Grants

Purpose

     This program provides for making grants  to  municipal,  intermunicipal,
State, and interstate agencies to assist in financing  the planning,  design,
and construction of municipal  wastewater treatment facilities.   Amounts
approved from authorization for  contract authority for 1973 and 1974  are
allotted to each State on  the basis of a formula  set  forth in  the  Federal
Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.  Within these allotments,
grants are awarded on a priority  basis for individual  projects.   Each
project is eligible for 75 percent in Federal  assistance.

                                           1972           1973           1974

   Budget Authority	  $2,000,000,000  $1,900,000,000
   Contract Authority		             ...   5,000,000,OOQ§/          b/
   Liquidate Contract Authority             ...             ...   $200,000,000


   a/ Includes $2 billion out  of  1973 authority  and $3 billion  out  of
        1974 authority.

   b/ Determination by the  President not made,  as yet, of  the  amount
        of the $7 billion authorized for 1975 that will be  approved for
        allotment by January 1, 1974, and available for obligation  in
        1974.
                                                                     CG-1

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                            Construction Grants

                               Justi ficatign


                                  1973          1974          Change
                                                  '
Liquidate contract authority.      ...  $200,000,000   +$200,000,000

     Federal grant assistance for the construction of municipal
wastewater treatment works has been authorized since 1956.  Since
that time, through January 31, 1973, $5.2 billion of assistance  has
been provided for 13,760 projects having a total cost of $15.7 billion,
Over this period, both the percentages of Federal grants and the annual
amount of monies authorized and appropriated has been increased  in
several steps.  The current percentage of Federal assistance is  75 per-
cent of total eligible costs.

     The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972
substantially alter the methods of funding the construction grants
program and the methods of providing assistance to individual  projects,
Rather than awarding a grant to an applicant for the Federal share of
a project, EPA is now authorized to enter into a contractual arrangement
with the applicant wherein EPA creates a contractual obligation  for
payment of the eligible proportional costs of the separate elements of
each project.  Under this authority, EPA will incur contractual
obligations for the Federal share of the costs of (1) preliminary plans . -
and studies and other eligible preliminary work, (2) design plans and
specifications, and (3) the construction of the waste treatment facilities.
Payments against these contractual obligations will  be made to the applicant
as all or parts of each of these elements are completed.  Under this
contractual method of providing financial assistance, EPA is obliged to
estimate each year the amounts of payments that are required against
contractual obligations and to seek appropriations to cover these payments T

     To implement these new methods of funding and project financing,
EPA allotted, in December 1972, $5 billion of contract authority to jjhe
States and other jurisdictions.  As .prescribed by regulations  promulgated
pursuant to provisions of the Federal Water Pollution Control  Act
Amendments of 1972, these allotments were based on a formula which in
turn, was based on needs identified in the 1971 municipal needs  survey
conducted by EPA.
                                                                       ,
     Based on an analysis at the time the budget was being formulated it
was estimated that the contractual obligations incurred under the $.5
billion allotted would probably not involve any payments during 1973
but would require an estimated $200 million for 1974.  Therefore, based
on this analysis EPA is requesting an appropriation of $200 million in
1974.
                                                                  CG-2

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     In 1973, the Congress appropriated $1.9 billion for the purpose of
covering the reimbursable grant requirements created over the pa;st
several years under provisions'of the Federal Water Pollution Control
Act which are now expired.  These funds will be allocated to the
States and other jurisdictions during 1973 and use,d for the purposes
intended.
                                                                   CG-3

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        Scientific 1
       (Special Fore'
 ; Activities Overseas, d
 i Currency Program, are
 > United States under va
 ities relate to the bro&
 nronmental problems and
 cnowledge of the United j
 immunity. Scientific Ac
 the domestic mission of
 Section 102(e) of the N
 world-wide and long-ran
 istent with the foreign
 pport to initiatives, re
 national cooperation in
 of mankinds world envir
ty_
iary	
:ment and
$1,430,
  955,
  170,
  350,
  335,
  250,
  400,

  no,i

 4,000,
iployment.
Scientific Activit
            Overseas
                                          SECTION TAB

-------
                                              1973          1974        Change

Air program		...     $1,430,000      $770,000     -$660,000

     Activities funded under the air program will include major interdisci-
plinary studies on the control of multiple industrial effluents in Poland.
This joint program through both research and development efforts and the
testing of advanced technology on industrial stacks, will provide an
integrated base controlling air pollution in the heavily industrialized
regions.  EPA will also collaborate with the Polish Government in designing
and testing an elaborate air pollution monitoring network designed to
provide quick response control to avoid unacceptable pollution levels.
Other air pollution control programs will focus on health effects of
air pollutants in mining regions of Pakistan, studies of municipal air
pollution in Yugoslavia, and studies of the airborne movement of pesticides
in Egypt.

Water program,...,.		».         955,000     1,309,000    +354,000

     Environmental research institutions in India are capable of contributing
new knowledge to the protection and management of water supplies and of
conducting original research on new technologies for municipal and industrial
waste watertreatment.  In Poland, EPA will extend the water program activities
previously funded, including interdisciplinary water pollution of the Baltic.
Also, studies of mine drainage problems in Pakistan, studies of the life
cycle of waste stabilization ponds in Tunisia, and the effects of agricultural
runoff on water quality in Yugoslavia will be supported.
Solid waste program		         170,000       165,000      -5,000

     Practically all the excess currency countries share EPA's concern
for the development of ways to improve and modify existing practices in
solid waste management.  In Poland, investigations will focus on the
disposal and use of industrial waste such as fly ash and sludge resulting
from industrial processes.  Indian investigators will study the effects
of composts on soils and plants and will make assessments of animals
raised in areas containing high levels of manganese.

Pesticides program		         350,000       350,000

     Poland is rapidly developing an international reputation in the
field of biological alternatives to pesticides.  This excess currency
country is also in an excellent location to provide new information
from the Western scientific community and Eastern bloc countries for
                                                                    SAO-3

-------
collaborative research on integrated pest management.  Combined
U.S.-Polish studies will include the implications of pesticides to human
health.  Pakistan research teams will provide the means of improving
agricultural production through integrated pest management while protecting
the human environment.  Studies dealing with the accumulation of DDT in
fat in five closely defined control regions of Yugoslavia will be funded
in 1974.  The activities in these countries involve regions of pesticide-free
areas and areas of high intensity use of chemical pesticides on selected
insects and crops.  Accordingly, this integrated program will provide an
opportunity to test and evaluate biological alternatives along with chemical
pesticides on selected insects and crops.

                                              1973          1974      Change

Radiation program..	         335,000       400,000     +65,000

     The management of radioactive waste products from nuclear reactors is
a critical environmental problem.  Expert teams in Yugoslavia and Poland
will be ready in 1974 to develop methods to concentrate waste radioactive
materials.  This will allow safer and more economical disposal and storage.
Research on the environmental impact of heavy metals including mercury,
lead, and cadmium will be initiated in Poland and Yugoslavia.  Major
studies will be concerned with the marine uptake to these metals in the
Adriatic and Baltic.   The studies will be closely coordinated with each
other and similar EPA efforts sponsored in the United States.

Noise program		       •  250,000       250,000

     In 1974, EPA will implement recommendations of the first annual Congress
on Health Effects of Noise to be held in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, in May 1973.
In the past five years, Poland has developed an agressive program to
reduce the health effects of noise from industrial and construction operations.
Summaries of this work and details of new research in both the Eastern
bloc and Western countries will be consolidated by the Polish team.  New
studies will be initiated based upon the results of this preliminary work
and new information gained at the 1973 International Congress.  Emphasis
will be placed on applied research aimed at eliminating sources of noise
through improved land use activities, construction techniques, and enforcement
procedures.

Interdisciplinary program	         400,000       650,000    +250,000

     Increasingly, the environmental problems that deserve attention do
not fall into specifically defined media categories.  Important studies
such as alternative power sources which involve trade-offs among air
pollution, water pollution, and radiation from nuclear reactors must be
considered.  Interdisciplinary studies involve talents from many scientific
areas and competence to measure secondary implications of selected policies
                                                                   SAO-4

-------
 ^         collaborative research on integrated pest management.   Combined
           U.S.-Polish studies will include the implications of pesticides to human
,           health.  Pakistan research teams will provide the means of improving
|           agricultural production through integrated pest management while protecting
           the human environment.  Studies dealing with the accumulation of DDT in
           fat in five closely defined control regions of Yugoslavia will be funded
I           in 1974.  The activities in these countries involve regions of pesticide-free
           areas and areas of high intensity use of chemical pesticides on selected
           insects and crops.  Accordinglys this integrated program will provide an
           opportunity to test and evaluate biological alternatives along with chemical
           pesticides on selected insects and crops,

                                                         1973          1974      Change
i
           Radiation program..	         335,000       400,000     +65,000

!                The management of radioactive waste products from nuclear reactors is
1           a critical environmental problem.  Expert teams in Yugoslavia and Poland
           will be ready in 1974 to develop methods to concentrate waste radioactive
\           materials.  This will allow safer and more economical  disposal and storage.
•           Research on the environmental impact of heavy metals including mercury,
           lead, and cadmium will be initiated in Poland and Yugoslavia.  Major
           studies will be concerned with the marine uptake to these metals in the
]           Adriatic and Baltic.   The studies will be closely coordinated with each
!           other and similar EPA efforts sponsored in the United States,

           Noise program		,	         250,000       250,000

                In 1974, EPA will implement recommendations of the first annual Congress
           on Health Effects of Noise to be held in Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia, in May 1973.
i           In the past five years, Poland has developed an agressive program to
           reduce the health effects of noise from industrial and construction operations
           Summaries of this work and details of new research in both the Eastern
i           bloc and Western countries will be consolidated by the Polish team.  New
           studies will be initiated based upon the results of this preliminary work
           and new information gained at the 1973 International Congress.  Emphasis
           will be placed on applied research aimed at eliminating sources of noise
I           through improved land use activities, construction techniques, and enforcemenl
           procedures.

           Interdisciplinary program	         400,000       650,000    +250,000
?

                Increasingly, the environmental problems that deserve attention do
I           not fall into specifically defined media categories.  Important .studies
)           such as alternative power sources which involve trade-offs among air
           pollution, water pollution, and radiation from nuclear reactors must be
i           considered.  Interdisciplinary studies involve talents from many scientific
I           areas and competence to measure secondary implications of selected policies
                                                                              SAO-4

-------
General Provisions
        SECTION TAB

-------
                   ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                           GENERAL PROVISIONS
       -   Appropriation*  in thit> Title, fa ft expeaie-6 otf the, Envirome,ntal
         rote.ction Age.ncy *hali be available. fan. hire. g^ pa**e.ngeA
         \otor ve.hiclu;  hire.,  maintenance., and operation ofi aircAafat;
        mifarm* ,  0ti allowance^ tkeJie,far, a* authorized by 5 U.5.C.
        5901-5902; repair and imp/to ve.me.vii o\ federal &aciJ&tie*}
       *crvic&*  a* auZhotviznd by 5 U.S.C. 3/09, bat at HateA ^on,
       individual* not to exceeof the. peA dim- Aote equ4.vale.nt to the
       fi&tz faofi GS-1&;  pusLcha&e. o& tui.pnlntt> ; iib/iany mmbeAAhip* in
       Aoc^etiu  on. aAAodationb which iA&u.e. publication* to
       only OK at a. p/pcce to mmbeAA HQWLH than to ^u.b^>cAib
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Special Analyses
      SECTION TAB

-------
                                                     Special  Analyses
                                                         Contents
                                                                                                     Page
        EPA Organ i zati on  Chart	-..	      SA-2
        EPA Regions  -  Headquarters  Locations  and  States—		.	,.....,	      SA-3
        Standard  Federal  Regions  Map	,      SA-4
        Summary of Resources		      SA-5-
        Summary of End-of-Year  Employment and Man-Years	......			,	      SA-9
        Total  Funds  Available,  1973			      SA^2
        Total  Funds  Available,  1974	.'..,.			,	      SA~14
        Summary of Authorization  vs.  Budget Authority..		      SA-16
IS)
y
I

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                                                                U.S.  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION  AGENCY
                                                                                    ADMINISTRATOR
                                                                                  DOTTY lOMHrSTHTOt
  «ST. ADMIN1STMTOI
         FOR
PLANNING AND IMMEIKRT
                                                              «fiWHH
              (E«1H 11
              HEW TIM
                                                                                                            OFFICE OF MTEIMTIQMl
                                                                                                                  ACTIVITIES
                                                                                                            OFFICE OF LEClSltlfOI
                                                                                                         •[  OFFICE OF PUBLIC >FFHHS
                                                                                                   OFFICE OF
                                                                                                  ill niJUITr
                                                                                                 PUHNIHS (NO
                                                                                                  SUNOMOS
                                                                                                   OFFICE OF
                                                                                                 NOIIIE SOURCE
                                                                                                 Ml POLLUTION
                                                                                                   CGHT-5CL
                                                                                                   OFFICE Of
                                                                                               «ITU PIMKIIK
                                                                                                AID ST*(OAIDS
                                                                                                   JFFIC! Of
                                                                                                WATH PISWIMS
                                                                                                 gpEnnoos
OffKES
                                                                   OFFICE OF
                                                                KOISf ABATEKEKT
                                                                   MO CONTROL
                                                                   OFFICE OF
                                                                   PESTICIDE
                                                                   PICGRAXS
                                                                                                                                           OFFICE OF
                                                                                                                                           fitDIATIOK
                                                                                                                                           P506SAHS
                                                                   OFFICE OF
                                                                  SOLID WISH
                                                                  JmtF.KF.KT
                                                                   PIDCHHS

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                                              EPA Regions
                                  Headquarters Locations  and States
    Region I     Headquarters,  Boston,  Massachusetts
                Connecticut, Maine,  Massachusetts
                New Hampshire, Rhode Island,  Vermont
Region VIII    Headquarters, Denver, Colorado
               Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,
               South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
    Region  II    Headquarters,  New York,  iNew York
                New Jersey,  New York,  Puerto Rico,
                Virgin  Islands
    Region  III   Headquarters,  Philadelphia,  Pa.
                Delaware,  Maryland,  Pennsylvania,
                Virginia,  West Virginia,  District  of
                Columbia
    Region  IV    Headquarters,  Atlanta,  Georgia
                Alabama,  Flordia, Georgia,  Kentucky
                Mississippi, North  Carolina,  South
                Carolina,  Tennessee
    Region  V  .   Headquarters,  Chicago,  Illinois
                Illinois,  Indiana,  Michigan,
                Minnesota,  Ohio,  Wisconsin
   Region  VI    Headquarters,  Dallas,  Texas
                Arkansas,  Louis-ana»  New  Mexico
                Texas,  Oklahoma
Region IX      Headquarters, San Francisco,
                California
               Arizona, California, Hawaii,
               Uevada, American Samoa, Guam,
               Trust Territories of Pacific
               Islands, Wake Island
Region X       Headquarters, Seattle, Washington
               Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
on
3»
i
CO
    Region  VII   Headquarters,  Kansas  City, Missouri
                Iowa,  Kansas,  Missoiiri,  Nebraska

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGIONAL OFFICES



       STANDARD FEDERAL REGIONS

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                                              Summary of Resources
    Research and Development*
      Budget authori ty	
      Obi igations	
      Outlays	,
      £nd-of-year employment,...-...,
      Man-years		—^ ,

    Abatement and Control*
      Budget authori ty	
        Contract authori ty	
      Obligations.	
        Contract authori ty-.*....,.,.
      Out! ays	„,. „
      Erril-of-year employment......	
      Man-years..'.	„.
    Enforcement*
      Budget authority....	
      Obi igatjons	
      Out! ays	
      End-of-year empl oyment	
      Man-years	,

    Agency and Regional   Management*
      Budget authori ty	
      Obi i gations		.	
      Outlays	
      EntJ-of-year employment	
      Man-years		.....	
1972              1973

          $173,144,600
           152,845*000
            60,000,000
                 1,907
                 1,798
           212,034,630,
            50,000,000-;
           188,334,000

           102,000,000
                 3,454
                 3,347

            35,574,4t30
            35,574,400
            27,000,000
                 1,477
                 1,251
            46,183,580
            46,183,580
            35,000,000
                 1,794
        1974

$148,700,200
 148,303,000
 125,000,000
       1,863
       1,808
 243,100,400.,
  96,000,000^
 244,300,000
  21,000,000
 189,000,000
       3,605
       3,442

  47,399,600
  47,399,600
  43,000,000
       1,682
       1,556
  50,799,800
  50,799,800
  48,000,000
       1,834
       1,764
 Increase  or
   Decrease

.$24,444,400
  -4,542,000
 +65,000,000
        -44
        +10
 +31,065,800
 +46,000,000
 +55,766,000
 +21,000,000
 +87,000,000
        +151
         +95

 +11,825,200
 +11,825,200
 +16,000,000
        +205
        +305
  +4,616,220
  +4,616,220
 +13,000,000
         +40
         +68
in
>
i
en

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     Construction Grants
       Budget authori ty	
        Contract authority.	
       Obligations..-.	,	
        Contract authority	
       Outlays	
        Contract authori ty	
       End-of-year employment..—,.
       Man-years..,	

     Scientific Activities Overseas
       Budget authori ty	
       Obligations.		
       Outlays		„.. .^ ...•;,..
       End-of-yea-r employment— ^,
       Man -years	— ......
          1972

$2,000,000,000

   787,634,566

   413,407,888
     Operati&ns,  Research,  and
       Facilities
        Budget aathority	
        Obligations	
        Outlays	.	,	
        End-of-year  employment.
        Man-years.	
     Revolving Fund_'
       Budget authori ty	,
       Obligations	
       Out! ays	
       End-of-year -employment.
       Man-years..	
     7,000,000
     4,756,907
     I,451j406-
       308,837
       -49,038
            12
            IT
1
5,
3,
       1973

900,000,000
OOO.OOO.OOOd/
323,892,000
500,000,000
727,000,000
    4,000,000
    7,038,053
    5,300,000
                                                                                     1974
'c/
    1,539,000

          *51
           50
                  3,400,000,000
                  1,600,000,000
                    200,000,000
                    4,tWO ,000
                    4,000,000
                    6,000,000
440,520,318
368,222,209
347,990,647
7, £58
106,213,960
191,400,000
4,000,000
115,975,000
                    1,265,000
                          '* • *
                           51
                           50
   Increase -or
     Decrease^

-1,900,000,000
-5,000,000,000
-3,323,892,000
+2,900,000,000
  +873,000,000
  +200,000,000
          -3,038,053
          +1,000,000
                                                         -102,213,960
                                                          -75,425,000
            -274,000
en

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                                                                                               .  .,
                                                  1972
1973
      TrustFunds
        Budget authors ty~............            45,266            25,000
        Obligations	            20,020            90,000
        Outlays	,	           -20,020            90,000
        End-of-year employment.......
        Man-years	.	

      Advances and Reimbursements^/
        Budget authority...	
        Obligations	-.	         3,042,230         5,340,000
        Outlays		               ...
        End-of-year employment.	               157               164
        Man-years		               150               157

      Allocation Account
        Budget authority.............               ...               ...
        Obli-gations	
        Outlays....	               ...
        End-of-year employment.......                 8                11
        Man-years..	                 8  ..               8

      Total, Environmental  Protection
       Agency
        Budget authority	     2,447,565,584     2,370,962,180
         Contract authority	—                ...     5,050,000,000
        Obligations...	   1,163,984,769     3,867,049,993
         Contract authority	                ...       500,000,000
        Outlays...	        762,820,923     1,147,490,000
         Contract authority...	
        End-of-year employment......              7,835             8,858
        Man-years.....	              7,363             8,307
  1974

25,000
25,000
25,000
             5,340,000

                   164
                   159
                     4
                     4
           494,025,000
            96,000,000
           505,232,400
         3,421,000,000
         2,127,000,000
           200,000,000
                 9,203
                 8,783
Increase or
  Decrease
                                  -65,000
                                  -65,600
                       +2
                       -7
                       -4
           -1,876,937,180
           -4,954,000,000
           -3,361,817,593
           +2,921,000,000
             +979,510,000
             +200,000,000
                     +345
                     +476
00
3=

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        a/  Section  208 Areawide  Waste Treatment  Management.   $50 million contract authority authorized for
           1973  is  not expected  to  be used.

        bj  Section  208 Areawide  Waste Treatment  Management.   $100 million contract authority authorized for
           1974  of  which  $4  million budget authority  is  included in the appropriation request of $243sl00,400
           for 1974,  leaving an  adjusted  1974  contract authority of $96 million, of which $21 million is
           expect to  be obligated.

        _c/  Determination  by  the  President notmades as yet, of the amount of the $7 billion authorized for 1975
           that  will  be approved for allotment by January 1,  1974, and available for obligation in 1974.

        d/  Includes $2 billion out  of 1973 authority  and $3 billion out of 1974 authority.

        e_/  Included in the President's  Budget  under Research  and Development, Abatement and Control, and
           Agency and Regional Management.

        *  Excludes resources approved  under the appropriation  "Operations, Research, and Facilities" for
           activities now carried under this appropriation.

        NOTE:  Man-years  based on permanent employment.
5=
 I
 00

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                                 Summary of End-of-Year Employment and Man-Years
                                         by Appropriation and Program
                                                       1973
                  1974
                             Increase or
                               Decrease
                                                  -EOY      Man-Years
     Research and Development
       Air...	,..	.,.„,	     444         428
       Water-Quality	.„...	     653         589
       Water Supply		„,,	..	      83          80
       Solid Wastes..	•.....«.	      70          66
       Pesticides		„		     114         109
       Radiation	..	      88          85
       Noise	.-	.	
       Interdisciplinary	-	     192         186
       Program Management and Support...	     263	255

                Subtotal	,	    1,907       1,798

     ten-years,  other ^than permanent positions     ....	  233

            Tota3, Research  and  Development,..    1.907	2,031

     Abatement and Control
     " Air..'.	     702         680
       Water Quality	    1,515       1,469
       Water Supply			      91          88
       SoHd Wastes.......	.		    216         209
       Pesticides	     461         447
       Radiation		•..«.,.„,	     19-1         185
       Noise		.	^.		      12          11
       Program Management and Support.	     266	258

                 Subtotal,..	    3,454       3,347

     Wan-years,  other  than permanent positions     ...	548
            EOY

            444
            653
             83
             23
            114
             88
              3
            192
            263
            Man-Years

               432
               633
                81
                22
               111
                85
                 3
               186
               255
             EOY
          1,863
             1,808

               233
          1.863
             2,041
           £33
          1,714
             91
            TOO
            5-91
            191
             -31
            254
               614
             1,663
               58
                97
               525
               185
                24
               246
          3,605
             3,442

               548
             -47
             +3
             -44
             -44
             -69
            +199
             • • '*
            -116
            +130
             * • a
             +19
             -12
            +151
          Han-Years

              +4
             +44
              +1
             -44
              +2
             * • •
              +3
             +10
             -66
            +194
             +78
             • a *
             +13
             -12
             +95
            Total,  Abatement and Control	,.    3,454
3,895
3,605
3,990
+151
+95
10

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1973
Enforcement
Mr , , . . -. . 	 , 	 	 	 	
Water Qua! i ty 	 	 	 	 	
Pes ti ci des . . 	 	 	
Program Management and Support 	
Subtotal 	 	 	 	
Man-years, other than permanent positions
Total , Enforcement 	 	
Agency and Regional Management
Agency Management 	 	 	
Regional Management 	 	
Subtotal 	 	 	 	 	
Man->ears, other than permanent positions
Total, Agency and Regional Management..
Revolving Fund
Abatement and Control
Pes ti ci des 	 	 	
Man-years, other than permanent positions
Total , Revo! ving Fund. 	 	
EOY
227
1,047
93
no
1,477
1,477
1,321
473
1,794
1,794
51
51
51
Man- Years
162
897
85
107
1,251
96
1,347
1,261
435
1,696
237
1,933
50
50
50
EOY
297
1,104
164
117
1 ,682
1,682
1,33!
503
1,834
1,834
51
51
51
1974
Man-Years
263
1,048
133
112
1,555
96
1,652
1,287
477
1,764
237
2,001
50
50
50
Increase or
Decrease
EOY
+ 70
+57
+ 71
+ 7
+205
+ 205
+ 10
+ 30
+ 40
+ 40

...
...
Man-Years
+ 101
+ 151
+48
+ 5
+ 305
+ 305
+26
+ 42
+ 68
+ 68

* * •
. . .
t/1
 1
 o

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                                                                                                 ~<«   IT
Advances and Reimbursements I/ 	
Man-years, other than permanent
positions 	 	 	 	 	
Total s Advances and Reimbursements .
Allocation Account
Abatement and Control
Water QuaTi ty 	 	 	
Man-years, other than permanent
posi ti ons 	 	 	 	 	
Total, Allocation Account 	
Grand Total
End-of-year employment and man-years
Man-years other than permanent
•positions. 	 	

EOY
164
164

11
11
» • 9
11
8,858
* » •
1973
Man-Years
157
157

8
8
5
13
8,307
1,119

EOY
164
• • 0
164

4
4
* * •
4
9,203
1974
Man-Years
159
159

4
4
5
9
8,783
1,119
Increase or
Decrease
EOY

a • «

-7
-7
-7
+345
Man-Years
+2
+2

-4
-4
-4
+476
• « *
Total	   8,858
9,426
9,203
9,902
                                                                                              +345
+476
      _§_/  Included  in  the  President's Budget under Research and Development, Abatement  and  Control,  and
             Agency and Regional  Management.
CO
1s>
I

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                                               Environmental  Protection  Agency

                                                Total  Funds Available,  1973

                                                                          1973
                                                  Budget
                                                Authority

        * Research  and Development	$173,144,600
            Ai r	      67,381,900
            Water Qua! i ty..	      48,113,900
            Water Supply	       2,266,300
            Sol i d Wastes	      17,071,000
            Pes tici des		.       57251,800
            Radi ati on	.	<		       2,287,000
            Noise	..	         280,800
            Interdisciplinary	*	      13,768,200
            Program Management and Support      16,723,700

        * Abatement and Control	212,034,600
            Air	      80,807,400
            Water Qua! i ty.	      70,490,800
            Water Supply,	       2,014,500
            Sol i d Wastes	    \  12,942,300
           • Pesti ci des	      W, 112,200
            Radi at i on	       4,848,100
            Noise	       2,083,100
            Program Management and Support      24,736,200

        * Enforcement	35,574,400
            Ai r	       4,301,000
            Water Quality	      20,867,100
            Pesticides	       1,626,300
            Program Management and Support       8,780,000
   Lin obligated
     Balance
Brought Forward!/

    $41,348,286
    Unobligated
      Balance
Carried Forward
   Total
  Available
    $20,299,600    $194,193,286
     11,189,620
     10,467,395

     15,196,513
         72,783
        113,639

      2,387,061
      1,921,275

     25,208,437
      8,637,000
      5,947,600

      4,229,666
        518,000
        968,000
     23,700,600
 69,934,520
 52,633,695
  2,266,300
 28,038,513
  4,806,583
  2,400,639
    280,800
 15,187,261
 18,644,975

213,542,437
      7,693,212
      6,185,917

      4,165,720
        840,000
        676,303

      5,647,285

      2,123.060
     13,364,400
      7,502,300

      1,717,666
        867 ,200
        240,100
          9,600
 75,136,212
 69,174,417
  2,014,500
 15,391,020
 14,085,000
  5,284,303
  2,073,500
 30,383,485

 37,697,460
        215,301
         90,959

      1,816,800
                      4,516,301
                     20,958,059
                      1,626,300
                     10,596,800
3=-


INJ

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                                                                         1973
                                          Budget
                                        Authori ty

* Agency and Regional Management	46,183,580
    Agency Management.	       36,527,380
    Regional Management.,	        9,656,200

* Scientific Activities Overseas	4,000,000

* Construction Grants	1,900.000.000

  Facilities	__^JL___

           Subtotal.,..	    2,370,937,180

  Contract Authority                             ./
    Construct!1 on Grants	    5,000,000.OOCF-'
    Areawide Waste Treatment
      Management Grants	       50,000,000

              Total	    7,420,937,180
 Unotmgateo
   Balance      /
Brought Forward^-'

      2,565,468
  Unobligated
    Balance
Carried Forward
   Total
 Available

48,749,048
      2,267,556
        297,912

      3,038,053
                   38J94.936
                    9,954,112

                    7.038,053
  1.423,892,000
            ... 3,323,892.000
     38.968.709
      4,000,000    34.968,709
  1,537,144,013
  1,537,144,013
     48s000,200 3,8605080,993
                                                  b/
                       4,500,000,000   500,000,000-

                                        50,000,000
  4,548,000,200 4,410,080,993
    a/  Funds brought forward are from Operations, Research, and Facilities Appropriation but for purposes
        of this table have been "crosswalked" into 1973 appropriation structure.

    b/  Includes $3 billion for FY 1974 available January 1, 1973.

    *   Appropriation

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                                         Environmental  Protection Agency

                                          Total  Funds Available, 1974
                                                                         1974
                                           Budget
                                          Authority

* Research and Development	$148,700,200
    Ai r	-        b/,uyb,/uu
    Water Qua! ity	        46,723,300
    Water Supply...	         2,303,600
    Solid Wastes	         2,200,000
    Pesti ci des	-.	         5,441,000
    Radiation	         2,470,500
    Noise-	           550,000
    Interdi scipl inary. •	        14,472,200
    Program Management and Support       17,442,900

* Abatement and Control	243,100,400
    Air	.	        79,734,700
    Water Quality......	       100,909,300
    Water Supply	         2,052,100
    Solid Wastes......,.	         3,560,000
    Pesti ci des	,	        17,224,500
    Radiation	         4,650,700
    Noi se	         3,487,500
    Program Management and Support       31,481,600

* Enforcement	47.399,600
    Air	         8,671,400
    Water Qua! i ty,	        24,453,000
    Pesticides	         3,117,600
    Program Management and-Support       11,157,600
 Unobligated
   Balan ce
Brought Forward

    $20,299,600
  unoDligatea
    Balance
Carried Forward
    Total
  Available
    $20,696,800   $148,303,000
      b,bJ/,UUU
      5,947,600

      4,229,DOG
        518,000
        968,000
     23.700,600
     13,364,400
      7,502,300
      5,967,600

      4,249,000
        556,600
         20,000

      1,118,000
        118,900

     22,701,000
     13,364,400
      6,502,700

      1,717,000
        867,200
        240,100
          9,600
 o/ ,UD/,UUU
 46,703,300
  2,303,600
  2,180,000
  5,402,400
  2,450,500
    550,000
 14,322,200
 17,324,000

244,100.000
 79,734,700
101,908,900
  2,052,100
  3,560,000
 17,224,500
  4,650,700
  3,487,500
 31,481,600

 47,399,600
      1,717,000
        867,200
        240,100
          9,600
                                          8,671,400
                                         24,453,000
                                          3,117,600
                                         11,157,600

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                                                                             1974
      * Agency and Regional  Management
          Agency Management	
          Regional Management		

      * Scientific Activities Overseas

        Facilities	

                   Subtotal..	

        Contract Authority:
          Construction Grants	.....
          Areawide Waste Treatment
            Management Grants	

                      Total		
    Budget
  Authority

 50,799,800
                                                                  Unobligated
                                                                   Balance
                                                                Brought Forward
                     Unobligated
                       Balance
                    Carried Forward
                     Total
                   Available

                  50,799,800
 40,282,300
 10,517,500

  4,000,000
                                        40,282,300
                                        10,517,500

                                         4,000,000
                          4,000,000
                                         4,000,000
494,000,000


           a/
        • * *


 96,000,000^
   48,000,200
4,500,000,000
   43,397,800    498,602,400


 1,100,000,000   3,400,000,000

	96,000,000
590,000,000
4,548,000,200
 1,143,397,800   3,994,602,400
GO
3=>
 i
        * Appropriations

        a/ Determination by the President not made, as yet,  of the amount of the $7 billion authorized for 1975
              that will  be approved for allotment by January 1, 1974, and available for obligation in 1974.

        b/ $100  million contract authority is authorized for 1974, of which $4 million is included in the
              appropriation request of $243,100,400 for 1974 leaving an adjusted 1974 contract authority of
              $96 million.
CJl

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