ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
AGENCY
OF
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Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
SUBJECT INDEX
SUMMARY S-l
AIR A-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Air Quality Research... , A-9
Characterization, Transport and Fate , A-l 5
Sci enti fie Assessment .... A-l 7
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance A-l7
Health Effects A-l9
Environmental Engineering and Technology A-20
Environmental Processes and Effects. A-21
Stratospheric Modi ficati on A-22
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards................ A-24
Emission Standards & Technology Assessment A-27
Pollutant Strategies & Air Standards Development A-28
State Program Policy Guidelines & Regulations Development A-29
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy..... .. A-31
Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization A-33
Testing, Technical & Administrative Support..... ,. A-34
Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance... A-35
State Programs Resource Assistance......... A-37
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants) A-39
Training A-41
Air Quality Management Implementation.... A-43
Trends Nonitaring & Progress Assessment A*48
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring A-50
Air Quality & Emissions Data Management & Analysis A-52
ENFORCEMENT
Stationary Source Enforcement A-55
Mobile Source Enforcement... A-59
MATER QUALITY WQ-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Water Quality Research WQ-9
Scientif 1 c Assessment. WQ-14
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance WQ-15
Health Effects ,....; WQ-16
Environmental Engineering and Technology...... WQ-17
Environmental Processes and Effects... WQ-18
Great Lakes , WQ-19
Comprehensive Estuarine Management WQ-20
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Water Quality and Grants Program Management WQ-23
Water Quality Management ,. WQ-25
Great Lakes Program WQ-27
Chesapeake Bay Program... WQ-28
Effluent Standards & Guidelines WQ-31
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WATER QUALITY (Continued)
Grants Assistance Programs . WQ-35
Clean Lakes Program , WQ-36
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106) WQ-37
Training Grants (Section 104) WQ-38
Water Quality Strategies Implementation.. WQ-39
Dredge & Fill ,.,.. WQ-42
Ocean Disposal Permits , WQ-43
Environmental Emergency Response & Prevention....... WQ-44
Standards & Regulations WQ-46
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis ., WQ-48
Coastal Environment Management UQ-50
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis WQ-52
Municipal Source Control..... WQ-55
Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction... WQ-57
Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance WQ-59
ENFORCEMENT
Water Quality Enforcement WQ-61
Water Quality Permit Issuance... WQ-66
Permit Issuance WQ-67
DRINKING WATER DW-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Drinking Water Research DW-9
Sci enti fi c As ses sment , DW-14
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance...... DW-15
Health Effects , DW-16
Environmental Engineering and Technology......................... DW-17
Environmental Processes and Effects. DW-18
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines...... DW-21
Criteria, Standards & Guidelines DW-23
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance f,DW-26
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants...*...., DW-27
Underground Injection Control Program Grants , DW-28
Special Studies & Demonstrations DW-30
Trai ni ng DW-30
Drinking Water Management DW-31
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance.... DW-33
Underground Injection Control Program.. DW-35
Ground-Water Protection DW-37
ENFORCEMENT
Drinking Water Enforcement , DW-42
HAZARDOUS WASTE HW-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Waste Research HW-8
Sci enti f i c Asses sment , HW-16
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance HW-17
Heal t h Effect s HW-18
Environmental Engineering and Technology............ HW-18
Environmental Processes and Effects HW-19
Integrated Hazardous Waste Research... HW-20
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies. HW-23
Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste HW-25
RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Air & Radiation HW-28
RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Water , HW-29
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HAZARDOUS WASTE (Continued) Page
Fi nanci al Assistance. HW-31
Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States........ HW-32
Hazardous Waste Management Compliance Grants HW-34
Hazardous Waste Management Initiative Grants. HW-35
Underground Storage Tanks State Grants HW-35
Waste Management Strategies Implementation HW-36
Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation.. HW-38
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Waste Enforcement..... -.. ,. HW-42
PESTICIDES . P-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Pesticides Research. P-8
Scienti fic Assessment P-l 4
Monitoring and Quality Assurance P-l4
Health Effects P-l5
Environmental Engineering and Technology..... P-16
Environmental Processes and Effects.... P-l7
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances..... .. P-20
Regi strati on. P-22
Speci al Regi strati on. P-24
Tolerances . P-25
Generic Chemical Review..... P-27
Generic Chemical Review P-.28
ENFORCEMENT
Pestidices Enforcement P-32
Pest i ci des Enforcement P-35
Pesticides Enforcement Grants P-36
Pesticides Certification & Training ... P-37
*
RADIATION R-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Radi ation Research R-7
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance......... R-10
Health Effects R-ll
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines R-13
Radiation Program Implementation R-16
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment.. R-l9
INTERDISCIPLINARY 1-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Intermedi a Programs 1-7
Technical Information and Liaison 1-13
Exploratory Research Core Program 1-14
Sci ent i f i c As ses sment ... 1-15
Quality Assurance Management.... 1-16
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Environmental Review and Coordination. 1-18
Interdisciplinary Training Grants..... 1-23
ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support 1-27
Technical Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring 1-30
Enforcement Policy & Operations........ 1-31
Criminal Investigations 1-33
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES TS-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Chemical Testing & Assessment,....*....*...., TS-8
Scientif ic Assessment. TS-16
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance... TS-17
Health Effects TS-18
Environmental Engineering and Technology..... TS-19
Environmental Processes and Effects TS-20
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance TS-23
Asbestos-in-Schools Loans and Grants TS-25
Asbestos-in-Schools Program Administration TS-26
Toxic Substances Strategies... TS-28
Toxi cs Integrati on. TS-31
Chemi cal Test i ng , TS-32
Existing Chemical Review..... TS-34
New Chemi cal Revi ew TS-36
ENFORCEMENT
Toxic Substances Enforcement TS-40
Toxic Substances Enforcement , , T.S-42
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants TS-44
ENERGY E-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Mu 11 i -Medi a Energy ,.., E-5
Acid Rain E-10
Health Effects E-l2
Environmental Engineering and Technology.... E-l2
Environmental Processes and Effects .. E-l3
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT MS-1
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management ..... MS-7
Program Management - Air & Radiation.... , MS-12
Program Management - Water...... MS-13
Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring MS-13
Program Management - External Affairs MS-14
Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances MS-15
Program Management - General Counsel.. MS-15
Program Management - Research & Development.... MS-16
Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response MS-16
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices..... MS-19
Immediate Office of the Administrator..... MS-24
Office of Regional Operations... MS-24
Office of Executive Support... ., MS-25
Regulatory Information Service Center........... MS-26
Administrator's Representation Fund MS-26
Office of International Activities MS-27
Office of Civil Rights.... .. MS-27
Science Advisory Board MS-28
Office of Administrative Law Judges MS-29
Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization.,.. MS-29
Office of Inspector General... ...........^ MS-31
Office of Inspector General MS-32
Office of General Counsel MS-34
General Counsel MS-35
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MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT (Continued) Page
Office of External Affairs MS-37
Office of Legislative Analysis........,.,...,..,.,.,,.......,,,.. MS-41
Office of Congressional Liaison , , MS-42
Office of Public Affairs MS-42
Office of Private and Public Sector Liaison ... MS-43
Office of Federal Activities. MS-44
Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation MS-45
Program Management - Policy, Planning & Evaluation MS-49
Integrated Environmental Management Program. MS-49
Office of Policy Analysis... , MS-50
Office of Standards & Regulations , MS-51
Office of Management Systems & Evaluation , MS-52
Office of Administration & Resources Management... MS-54
Program Management - Administration MS-59
Financial Management - Headquarters.. MS-60
Office of the Comptroller..., MS-60
Contracts & Grants Management....... MS-61
Personnel & Organization Services , MS-62
Facilities & Management Services.............. MS-63
Information Systems & Services... MS-64
Human Resources Management . MS-65
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regi onal Management MS-66
Resource Management - Regions MS-70
Financial Management - Regions... MS-71
Personnel Management - Regions......... MS-71
Administrative Management - Regions... MS-72
Regi onal Management . MS-73
Regional Counsel MS-73
Planning, Evaluation & Analysis - Regions -. MS-74
SUPPORT .COSTS
Support Costs MS-77
Professional Training , MS-79
Nationwide Support Services MS-80
Headquarters Support Services MS-80
Regional Support Services MS-81
Automated Data Processing and Telecommunications Support Costs... MS-82
Lab Support - Research & Development MS-82
Lab Support - Air & Radiation MS-83
Lab Support - Pesticides & Toxic Substances...., MS-83
BUILDINGS & FACILITIES BF-1
Buildings & Facilities BF-2
New Facilities.... BF-5
Repairs & Improvements...... ... B.F-6
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS CG-1
Construct ion Grants. , CG-3
SUPERFUND SF-1
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Cont i ngency PI an. ,. SF-4
Hazardous Substance Response SF-5
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency SF-6
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement SF-6
Hazardous Substance Research SF-7
Hazardous Substance Management and Support SF-8
SPECIAL ANALYSES SA-1
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Subject IndexgyMedia
AIR Page
Academi c Trai ning A-41
Air Quality Monitoring A-17,18,50
Air Toxics '. A-3,1.6,17,18,27,40,45,
51,52,57
Asbestos Demol ition, A-27,56
Compliance Monitoring Inspections A-56
Emission Waivers............ A-60
Enforcement A-56,60
Fuel Economy A-35
Fuel Programs A-60
Indoor Air A-l-8,20
Inspection and Maintenance Program A-34
In-use Emission Factors. A-34
Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory A-35
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)... A-l 6,17-19,21,28
National Crop"Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) A-21
National Emission Standards for Hazardous
Air Pollutants (NESHAPs) A-27
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) A-l 6,18,20,27
Ozone , A-4,16,17,19,21 ,45,57,60
Prevention of Significant Deterioration A-39
Radon A-l 8,20
Recall of In-Use Vehicles A-60
Regional Programs , A-45,50
Selective Enforcement Audits A-60
State Grants A-39
State Implementation Plans (SIPs) A-l6,18,2.0,39,45,51
Stationary Source Enforcement A-56
Stratospheri c Modi fi cat i on.... A-22
Tampering and Fuel Switching A-60
Training Courses A-41
WATER QUALITY
Academic Training... WQ-38
Advanced Wastewater Treatment Reviews WQ-59
Aquatic Life Research WQ-13,14,18
Bi omonitori ng ..... WQ-15,16,48
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-21,28
Coastal Environment Management WQ-5Q
Comprehensive. Estuarine Management ; WQ-21
Construction Grants Management CG-2,4; WQ-57
Clean Lakes WQ-36,37
Combined Sewer Overflow...... WQ-58,59
Corps of Engineers WQ-57,58
Eff 1 uent Guidel ines WQ-32
Emergency Response.. , WQ-44,45
Enforcement , » WQ-62,63
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SubjectIndex by Media
(Continued)
WATER QUALITY (Continued) Page
Great Lakes Program WQ-12,13,19,27
Grosse He Laboratory, WQ-12,13,19
Inci nerati on-.at-.S.ea WQ-18,41,43
Innovative and Alternative Technologies , WQ-1 2,13,17,58
International Pollution Control Agreements WQ-19,27,28
Marine Outfalls - Section 301(h) WQ-50,51
Nonpoint Source , WQ-25,26
Ocean Disposal... WQ-14,17,18,43
Operations and Maintenance. WQ-59
Operator Training WQ-57,58
Pretreatment WQ-4,62,63
Si udge Management *....... WQ-4,14,15-17
.^State Grants WQ-36,37,38
Toxic Pollutants Research WQ-16,18,19
Wastewater Treatment Compliance WQ-59,62,63
Water Quality Permit Issuance WQ-67,68
Wetlands (Section 404) WQ-18,42
DRINKING WATER
Academic Training DW-30
Enforcement , DW-42
Epi demi ol ogy , DW-5,16
Ground Water Activities DW-5,38
Ground Water Research Activities DW-5,12,13,15,18
Health Advisories DW-3,12,16,23
Health Effects DW-5,12,14,16
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations DW-3,12,13-16,23
National Rural Water Association DW-30
Public Water Systems Supervision DW-4,23,27,33
Small Systems Engineering Research.. DW-17
State Grants DW-27
Underground Injection Control DW-15,18
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Air Emission Standards. HW-4,5,25,28,29
Compliance Inspections HW-4,6.,26,27,33,34,43-45
Dioxin ... HW-16,17,18,20,26,27
Domestic Sewage Study HW-29,30
Enforcement »... HW-4,6,25,28,33,34,43-45
Ground Water Monitoring HW-4,17,26,27,28,33,38,
43,44
Hazardous Spills Research HW-19,20
Incineration HW-3,4,19,30,33,38,39
Innovati ve/Al ternati ve Techno! ogies HW-18
Landfills HW-3,4,5,19,20,33,38,
39,44,45
Li sting/Deli sting -. HW-4,5,16,26,27
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Subject Index by Media
(Continued)
HAZARDOUS WASTE (Continued) Page
Monitoring Methods HW-5,17
Permitting..... HW-3,6,25,28,32,
33-35,38-40
Policy and Guidance HW-4,5,6,23-30
POTW Requirements ,,. HW-25,29,30
Qua! ity Assurance ,.... , HW-17
Regul ations Devel opment HW-3,4-6,23-30
Risk Assessment... HW-4,5,16,25
State Authorizations , HW-3,32-34,38-40
State Grants HW-3,31 -35
Subtitle D Facilities HW-5,26,28
Surface Impoundments HW-5,25,26,29
Tufts University ; HW-20,21
UIC Requirements (RCRA)...., ... HW-5,25,29,30
Underground Storage Tanks HW-4,5,25-28,32,35,39,44
Waste Banning Activities .... , HW-4,5,16,18,19,26,27
Waste Characterization HW-16,26
PESTICIDES
Bi otechnol ogy , P-l 3,15
Certification and Training. P-4,34,37
Data Cal 1 - In , P-4,28,30
Emergency Exempti ons , P-24
Enfo rcement.... P-4,34-36
Ethylene .D1bpom1.de P-29,30
Experimental Use Permit , , P-24
Ground-Water , P-l 7,29,30
Lab/Data Integrity , P-l 5,30
Nebraska Enforcement Program , P-35,37
Pesticide Enforcement Grants , P-34,35-36
Protecti ve Cl othi ng.,., ,....» P-4,16
Registration Fees P-23
Registration Standards -, , P-4,28,29
Reregi strati on , P-4,28-30
Risk Assessment P-l7
Special Review (RPAR) , P-4,28,29,30
Jtate Grants P-34,36-37
Tolerance Fees......... , P-25
RADIATION i
Airborne Radionuclide Standards....... R-14
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System R-20
Health Effects Research , R-ll
Nevada Nuclear Test Site.... R-10
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Subject Index by Media
(Continued)
RADIATION (Continued)
Radiological Emergency Response Plans... R-17
Radon Action Program..... R-17,20
Uranium Mill Tailing Standards... R-15
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Case Refe rral s , 1-5
-^Compliance Monitoring.. 1-31
"Criminal Investigations. ... 1-33
Enforcement 1-29
Enf o rcement Ope rations 1-31
Enforcement Pol i cy... 1-31
Environmental Review and Coordination... 1-20
Evi dence Aud i ts.. 1-30
Exploratory Research. 1-14
Federal Agencies Compliance 1-20
Indians Programs 1-20
Interdisciplinary Training Grants 1-24
Litigation. 1-31
Mussel Watch 1-1,2-14
National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) 1-30
NEPA Compliance Program... , 1-20
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring... 1-29
Qual ity Assurance * 1-16
Risk Assessment Guidelines ,., 1-15
Small Business Innovation Research. 1-14
Technical Information 1-13
Visiting Scientists Program.... 1-14
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Air Toxics Support TS-34
Acute Hazards List TS-3,34
Asbestos Regulations. TS-26,35
Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act (ASHAA). TS-25,26
Asbestos Technical Assistance TS-3,25,26,43
Bi otechnol ogy , TS-12,36
Category Eval uations , TS-3,34,35
Chemical Substances Information Network (CSIN)...,* TS-32
Enf o rcement TS-4,42
Existing Chemical Review. -., TS-34
Interagency Testing Committee (ITC).' TS-32,33
Lab/Data Integrity TS-17,2,43
MBOCA [4,4'-methylene Bis (2-Chloraniline)] TS-36
MDA (4,4' -methyl enedi am" 1 ine)...... TS-35
Polychlorinated Biphenynls (PCB) TS-4,35,43
Regional Asbestos Information and Training Centers........ TS-4,25,26
Risk Assessment TS-16,20
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Subject Index by Media
(Continued)
TOXIC SUBSTANCES (Continued) _Pa
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ENVTROf&EOTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Alphabetical Subject Index
Page
Academic Training:
Air....... ". AHft-
Water Quality . WQ-38
Drinking Water.............. DW-30
Acid Rain . E-3,10,11,12
Acute Hazards list. TS-3,34
Advanced wastewater Treatment Reviews WQ-59
Airborne Radionuclide Standards. R-14
Air Emission Standards (Hazardous Waste) HW-4,5,25,28,29
Air Quality Monitoring A-17,18,50
Air Toxics A-3,16,17,18,19,27,34,40,
45,51,52,57
Alternative Technologies.. SF-5
Aquatic Life Research.... WQ-13,14,18
Asbestos Demolition A-27,56
Asbestos Regulation 15-26,35
Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act.. TS-25,26
Asbestos Technical Assistance TS-3,25,26,43
Audits and Investigations » MS-32,33
Automated Data Processing (ADP) MS-82
B
Biononitoring WQ-15,16,48
Biotechnology P-13,15; TS-12,36
C
Case Referrals 1-5
Category Evaluations.... TS-3,34,35
Certification and Training P-4,34,37
Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program SF-5
Chemical Substances Information Network (CSIN) TS-32
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-21,28
Clean Lakes.......... WQ-36,37
Coastal Environment Management. WQ-50
Combined Sewer Overflow. WQ-58,59
Compliance Inspections - Hazardous Waste...... HW-4,6,26,27,33,34,43-45
Compliance Monitoring Inspections - Air A-56
Compliance Monitoring - Interdisciplinary........... 1-31
Comprehensive Estuarine Management, WQ-21
Construction Grants Management....... CG-2,4; WQ-57
Contingency Plan SF-4,5
Corps of Engineers... WQ-57;
Cost Recovery - Superfund..... SF-7
Criminal Investigation 1-33
11
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Alphabetical Subject Index
(Continued)
Page
Dioodn ............ . .................. . ---- . ................ WQ-53; HW-16-18,20,26,2?
Ocmestic Sewage Study.. .............. . ............. ........ HW-29,30
Dredge and Fill (Section 404) ........................ ...... WQ-42
Effluent Guidelines... ......... ..... .......... ............. WQ-32
Emergency Exemptions... ...... _.. ......... ........ .......... P-24
Emergency Response ................... .. ............ ........ WQ-44; SF-5,6
Emission' Waivers. . . ............. ...... .................... . A-60
Enforcement - Legal:
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring ..... ..... 1-29
Enforcement Policy and Operations..... ........... ........ 1-31
Criminal Investigations......... .................. ........ 1-33
National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) ...... ... 1-30
General Counsel .......... ...... ....... ... .......... ...... (6-35,36
Regional Counsel..... ...... <,«.«. .a...... ...... ........... MS-73
Enforcement - Technical:
Mr Mobile Source Enforcement ...... .............. . * ...... A-60
Air Stationary Source Enforcement.,.. ........ ...... ...... A-56
Drinking Water Enforcement.... ..... .......... <,,>., ....... 0(9-42
Hazardous Waste Enforcement ............................ .. HW-4, 6, 25-28 ,33, 34, 43-45
Pesticides Enforcement...... .................. . ....... ... P-4, 34-36
Toxic Substances Enforcement ............ ... ....... ........ TS-4,42
Water Quality Enforcement. ....... ° . .......... .... ..... ... WQ-62
Water Quality Permit Issuance, a..... «.«.»,>. ..... »«,o°.,,.. WQ-67
Superf und Enforcement ......... ...... ..... . ....... ........ SF-6,7
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System. ......... R-20
Envirormental Response Team ..... ..... ........ ...... ........ SF-5
Epidemiology ..... ........ ........... . ...................... DW-5,16
Estuaries..... ............. . ................... ............. WQ-25,50
Ethylene Dibrcmide ........ . ..... , ........ .......... ........ P-29,30
Evidence Audits. ....... ..... .................... c » o ........*.. 1-30
Existing Chemical Review... ................ ., «,«,<> <,.. *..... TS-34
Exploratory Research. ....................p........ ..... <>,.. 1-14
£
Federal Agencies Compliance .......... . ........ , ............ 1-20
Fuel Economy. . ........ » .......................... .......... A-35
Fuel Programs ..... .......... ............................... A-60
G
Great Lakes Program:
Research and Development. ............. ........... . ....... WQ-12,13,19
Abatement and Control ......... ................. .......... HQ-27
Grease He Laboratory. ........ ....... ....................... WQ-12,13f19
Ground Water Activities. ..<,.,...«............ ......* ..... . DW-38
Ground Water Monitoring. . . . . ....................... ........ HW-4,17,26-28, 33,38, 43, 44;
P-29,30; DW-38
Ground Water Research ........... . ......... , ................ DW-5,6,12,13,15,18; P-17
12
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Alphabetical Subject Index
(Continued)
Hazardous Spills Research.... HW-19,20
Health Advisories EW-3,12,16,23
Health Effects Research - Drinking Water... DW-5,14,16
Health Effects Research - Radiation...... . R-ll
Hunan Resources Management... MS-65
£
Incineration. HW-3,4,19,30,33,38,39?
WQ-41,43
Incineration-at-Sea WQ-18
Indian Programs. 1-20
Indoor Air..... A-18,20
Innovative and Alternative Technologies:
Water Quality.... WQ-12,13,17,58
Hazardous Waste Hff-4,18,26,27,35
Inspection and Maintenance Program A-34
Interagency Testing Coranittee (ITC).... TS-32,33
Interdisciplinary Training Grants...... 1-24
International Activities. MS-27
International Pollution Control Agreements. WQ-19
In-use Einission Factors A-34
L
Lab/Data Integrity P-15,30; TS-17,32,43
Landfills HW-3-5,19,20,33,38,39,44,45
Legislation/Congressional Liaison Activities............... MS-40,41,42
Limestone Injection Multi-stage Burner (LIMB).... E-3,12,13
Listing/Delisting. H»-4,5,16,26,27
M
Management. MS-4; SF-8
Management Systems Integrated..... MS-60,61,64
Maintenance & Repair Projects BF-3,4,5,6
Marine Outfalls - Section 301(h) WQ-50,51
MBOCA [4, 4l-nethylene Bis (2-Chloraniline)] TS-36
MDA (4, 4'-roethylenedianiline).. TS-35
Monitoring Methods. H»-5,17; DW-15
Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory A-35
Mussel Watch ..« 1-10,14
N
National Antoient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).. A-16,17-19,21,28
National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLftN)........ A-21
National Etaission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants... A-27
National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) 1-30
National Primary Etinking Water Regulations EW-12,13,14,15,16
National' Rural Water Association DW-30
National Surface Water Survey E-3,11,12
Nebraska Enforcement Program.. P-35,37
NEPA Conpliance Program.. ,.......- 1-20
Nevada Nuclear Test Site R-lO
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) A-16,18,20,27
13
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AlphabeticalSubject Index
(Continued)
Page
Ocean Disposal ........ .... ............... . ................. WQ-14,17,18,43
Operations and Maintenance.. .................. , ........ .... WQ-59
Operator Training ................. . ............ . ........... WQ-57,58
Ozone..., ...... ......... . ................ ... ........... ..... A-4P16,17,19»21,45,57,60
£
Permitting - Hazardous Waste. .. ............... . ........ .... HW-3, 6, 16, 25, 28 ,32-35, 38-40
Pesticide enforcement Grants. .............. . ............. .. P-34, 35-36
Policy and Guidance.......... ................... ........... lW-4,5,6,23-30
Polychlorinated Biphenynla (PCB) Disposal ..... ......... .... TS-43
Polychlorlnated Biphenynls (PCB) Rules.... ................. 1S-4, 35,43
POTW Requirements.............. .............. . .......... ... HW-25, 29,30
Preraarket Manufacture ttstices (PMN) ...... . ........... . ..... 15-36
Prevention of Significant Deterioration... ............. .... A-39
Protective Clothing......... ........ .......... ......... .... P-4f16
Public Water Systems Supervision ......... . ................. DW-4, 23,27, 33
0
Quality Assurances
Research and Development.. ............. ...... ............ A-18; WQ-15;IW-r7? 1-16
R
Radon ............ ..... ......... ............... .......... ... A-18,20
Recall of In-Use Vehicles .................................. A-60
Regional Acid Deposition Model.. ............. ........ ...... E-10,11
Regional Programs....... <>... ........... .................... A-45,50
Registration Fees... ................ ......... .......... .... P-23
Registration Standards ........................ ..... ........ P-4,28,29
Regulations Development - Hazardous Waste ..... ..... ........ HW-3, 4-6, 23-30
Regulatory Reform......... ..... . ........ . ..... ............. MS-51
Remedial Response ........... . ........ .......... ............ SF-5,6
Risk Assessment. ........... ......... ..... ......... . ..... ... HW-4,5,16,25; P-17; TS-16,20
Risk Assessment Guidelines ...... .............. ............ . 1-15
Selective Enforcement Audits ........ .>.,.... ....<,.<,<><>. ....... A-60
Significant New Use Rules (SNURs)...* ......... ...o ..... .... TS-36
Sludge Management. .......... ............. . .......<.......<,.. WQ-4, 14,15, 16,17
Small Business Innovation Research. ...... <, ...... ,,<,.,<,<,<,,. 1-14
Small Systems Engineering Researdu .......«.<.. .*........o'.oo. DW-17
State Authorizations - Hazardous Waste.............. ..... .. HW-3, 32-34, 38-40 /""7
State Grants! v~« ,<-;-
Air...;........., ....................... . .......... '. ....... A-39 (^
Water 106 ........... .......... . ........ , ...... . .......... WQ-36, 37,38 / ~~
Water 205(g) ........ . ..... . ........ ...... ...... ... ...... ,. WQ-25,37; OG-2,4 /^Q- K-j^"); C G~ 9 ,.*
Watar 205(j) ........ ...... ............. ........... ........ Wvh-25,37; CG-2,4 ( W a. lb> -, . rr 't
Clean .Lakes..... .......... . ............ , ......... , ....... WQ-36,37 V i& ' (-Cr " J' '
Public Water System Supervision.............. ....... ..... DW-27
Underground Injection Control (U1C) ....,......<>.......... DW-28
Bazanlous Waste. .... ..... . ....... ....... ....... . .......... HW-3, 31-3 5
Pesticides Enforcement* ...... ....... ........ . ......... ... P-34, 35-36
Pesticides Certification and Training.. ....... ........... P-4,34,37
Special Studies and Demonstrations-Drinking Water, ....... EW-30
State Implementation Plans (SIPs). .......... . ...... ........ A-16,18,20 -
Stationary Source Enforcement ............ . ..... .. ...... .... ft-56
Stratospheric Modification. ....... .... .............. . ...... A-22
Structure Activity Relationships Validation ........ ........ TS-18,21,36
14
-------
Alphabetical Subject Index
(Continued)
Subtitle D Facilities HW-5,26,28
Superfund Interagency Funds . SF-6
Superfund Research and Development SF-7,8
Surface Impoundments ........... HW-5,25,26,29
Synthetic 'Fuels ,.... E-3,12,13
Support Services MS-79,80-83
z
Tampering and Fuel Switching A-60
Technical Information 1-13
Test Guidelines. TS-32,33
Test Rules .... TS-32,33
Tolerance Fees ° P-25
Toxic/Chemical Integration Efforts TS-31
Toxic Pollutants Research WQ-16,18,19
Training Courses A-41
Tufts University Of-20,21
U
UIC Requirements (RCRA) HW-5,25,29,30
underground Injection Control (UIC) DW-4,6,15,18,23,27,33
Underground Storage Tanks HW-4,5,16,17,19,25-28,32,
35,39,44
Uranium Mill Tailing Standards R-15
v
Visiting Scientists Program.... 1-14
W
Waste Banning Activities.. H»-4,5,26,27
Waste Characterization.... HW-16,26
Wastewater Treatment Compliance WQ-59,62,63
Wetlands (Section 404) ,
15
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Summary
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
BUDGET SUMMARY
The President's request for the Environmental Protection Agency's 1987 budget
totals $2,426,466,000 supported by 13,160.7 total workyears, including $1,376,466,000
and 11,444.7 total workyears for the Agency's operating programs, and $1,050,000,000
and 1,716.0 total workyears for the Superfund program. At this time, no new resources
are requested for the municipal waste treatment facilities construction program.
However, the President will submit a budget amendment for $1,800,000,000 once appro-
priate reform legislation is enacted. These resources constitute an increase to
Superfund and our operating programs of $139,069,000 and a decrease of 200 workyears
in 1987.
The 1987 request contains increases for the Superfund and Hazardous Waste
programs. Based upon the Administration's reauthorization proposal, requested fund-
ing for the Superfund program increases by $188,700,000, to $1,050,000,000, supported
by 1,716.0 total workyears in 1987. This funding will support the level of activity
that the Agency had planned to achieve in 1987. Pending reauthorization, the level
requested may have to be adjusted based on the requirements of the new statute.
To continue the implementation of the new hazardous waste program, which is de-
signed to prevent generation of new Superfund sites, the President's 1987 budget
proposes an increase of 20 workyears and $18 million over the 1986 current estimate.
These funds will continue to support the Agency's efforts to implement new program
responsibilities, such as corrective action, banning wastes from land disposal,
development of alternative treatment standards, regulating underground storage tanks
and additional enforcement activities.
The 1987 request for enforcement will provide the Agency with the resources
necessary to continue successful implementation of its enforcement activities. It
includes $130,242,800 supported by 2,260.2 total workyears, an increase of $908,800
and a decrease of 12.0 total workyears. Pending reauthorizing legislation, resources
for the Superfund enforcement program are not included at this level. The President's
Budget increases resources for hazardous waste enforcement activities. This increase,
$2,721,600, is necessary to meet the special compliance monitoring and enforcement
requirements of the 1984 legislation. Additional enforcement resources are also
requested for enforcement and compliance monitoring to reduce criminal case backlog
and the criminal enforcement program.
The 1987 research and development program places emphasis on such high priority
Agency programs as acid rain, hazardous waste, and cross-media pollutants. Our request
for research activities includes $295,163,300 supported by 1,786.2 total workyears,
a decrease of $17,337,500 and 15.4 total workyears. The 1987 acid rain research
program continues to be accelerated to ensure that timely information is available to
develop effective, scientifically sound, regulatory policies. Major emphasis will be
on the development and evaluation of atmospheric models to assess the relative contri-
bution of various sources of acid deposition. The hazardous waste research program
in 1987 will be focused to improve the identification and control of hazardous wastes.
For example, research will be expanded to develop new techniques to identify compounds
containing hazardous wastes, to predict and monitor their movement through the environ-
ment, and evaluate innovative control technologies. Cross-media research will address
the Agency's air toxics strategy and the effects of pesticides use on groundwater.
s-1
-------
Grants to State and local governments are at a level of $270,453,400. All grants
directly supporting State operations except hazardous waste state grants are reduced
from 1986, reflecting administrative savings and the ability of the States to assume
greater responsibility for financing their activities. The $8 million increase for
the hazardous waste grants will provide additional support for the requirements- of
the 1984 legislation and the underground storage tank program.
The 1987 budget request also continues support in the amount of $10,107,300 for
the Chesapeake Bay program, which is designed to support Bay States through cost-
sharing grants and continue EPA's role in monitoring and modeling. The 1987 request
also proposes $5,706,000 for the Great Lakes program. In addition, the budget request
contains $7,882,500 for the Coastal Environmental Management program, for water
quality management in four important coastal water bodies.
Because the current authorization for the Construction Grant program expired at
the end of 1985, the Agency is requesting no funds for 1987 at this time. However,
the President will submit a supplemental request for $1.8 billion once appropriate
reform legislation is enacted.
A summary of budget authority for EPA's six appropriation accounts is as follows:
EPA's Request by AppropriationAccount
1986
Current Estimate
1987
Budget Authority
Increase +
Decrease -
1986 vs 1985
Salaries & Expenses.*..
Abatement, Control & Compliance.
Research & Development
Buildings & Facilities
Operating Programs Subtotal,
Construction Grants..........
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund ,
Total,
$654,756,000
552,763,000
213,793,000
4,785,000
$1,426,097,000
$574,200,000
$861,300,000
$2,861,597,000
$687,947,000
490,785,000
192,734,000
5,000,000
$1,376,466,000
$1.050,000,000
$2,426,466,000
+$33,191,000
-61,978,000
-21,059,000
+215.000
-$49,631,000
-$574,200,000
+188.700,000
-$435,131,000
This level of resources supports Congressional and Administration efforts to
reduce the deficit, both in 1986 and 1987. The 1986 estimate Includes the 4.3 per-
cent reduction required by the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings legislation as part of the
government-wide program to reduce the deficit. The 1987 budget was developed within
the $144 billion deficit target mandated in the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
Control Act. The Agency's mission will not be significantly affected by these reduced
resources.
The following briefly describes the content of each appropriation and the
changes within each from the Agency's current 1986 estimates.
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
EPA's request increases by $33,191,000 to $687,947,000, which represents the
funding necessary to continue Agency activities without reducing the current on-board
level of personnel. This appropriation finances salaries and related costs associated
with administering the programs within the Environmental Protection Agency. It
incorporates all costs exclusive of grant programs and program-specific contractual
agreements. It also provides funding for repair and improvement projects under
$25,000.
S-2
-------
ABATEMENT, CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE
The Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation finances contracts, grants,
and cooperative agreements for pollution abatement, control and compliance activities.
EPA's request decreases by $61,978,000 to $490,785,000 in 1987. The major reason
for the decrease is because the President's budget request does not include funding
for asbestos-in-schools loans and grants. The 1986 current estimate for this program
is $47,849,900. The decrease also supports the Administration's overall commitment
to the government-wide initiative to reduce the deficit.
RESEARCH ANDDEVELOPMENT
The 1987 budget for the Research and Development appropriation decreases by
$21,059,000 to $192,734,000. The decrease reflects a phase out of research programs
that have yielded sufficient information to support well-established regulatory
programs, as well as those areas of control technology research where industry is
capable of applying the information generated by the Agency to date. This decrease
also supports the government-wide commitment to deficit reduction.
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
EPA requests $5,000,000 for the Buildings and Facilities appropriation, which
finances the construction, repair, improvement, extension, alteration, and purchase
of fixed equipment of facilities owned, as well as existing facilities occupied by
the Environmental Protection Agency. The funds in 1987 will continue to ensure
healthy and safe conditions in EPA laboratories, and prevent deterioration of our
owned and leased facilities.
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
The 1987 President's Budget contains no new resources for the Construction Grants
program at this time. It is expected that a budget amendment for $1,800,000,000 will
be submitted once appropriate reform legislation is enacted. This program provides
grants to local public agencies for construction of municipal wastewater treatment
facilities to assist States and localities 1n attaining water quality standards.
With available prior year funds, emphasis will be maintained on expeditiously com-
pleting and closing out projects. Based on the Administration's legislative pro-
posal, the overriding theme of the program continues to be the need to have States
and localities move toward full assumption of program authority.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE TRUST FUND
The 1987 budget requests $1,050,000,000 supported by 1,716.0 total workyears, an
increase of $188,700,000 to support the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund.
Because the taxing authority, which is the major source of funding for this program,
expired on September 30, 1985, the Agency is operating a reduced Superfund program.
Once reauthorization action is completed, and the program regains its momentum, the
requested funding will enable the Agency to achieve its planned level of activity in
1987.
S-3
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Budget Authority,
Obligations, Outlays and Workyears
By Appropriation
(dollars In thousands)
Actual
1985
Research and Development
Budget Authority.. $188,875.0
Obi Igati ons 192,278.4
Outlays 160,780.5
Abatement^ Control and
ComplTance
Budget Authorlty............. 480,500.0
Obi nations 517;985.3
Outlays.. . 441,133.2
Salaries and Expenses
Budget Authority............. 665,698.1
Obllcatlons 658,985.6
OutlSys....... 631,419.0
Permenent Workyears . 9,904.8
Total itorkyears.............. 11,001.4
Buildings and Faclllties
Budget Authorlty,
Obligations
Outlays...........
Operations, Research and
Facilities
Obligations,
Outlays.
12,500.0
5,228.1
3,872.3
151.4
298.7
SUBTOTAL, OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Authorl ty $1,347,573.1
Obi igatlons .$1,374,628.8
Outl ays .$1,237,503.7
Permanent Horkyears 9,904.8
Total Workyears ..<.. 11,001.4
Budget
Estimate
1986
$212,400.0
212,061.0
193,678.0
495,500.0
505,911.0
488,844.0
670,416.0
670,416.0
660,901.2
10,227.7
11,302.7
5,000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0
300.0
280.0
$1,383,316.0
$1,398,878.0
$1,348,898.2
10,227.7
11,302.7
Enacted
1986
$223,400.0
223,100.0 I/
198,258.8
577,600.0
585,784.0 I/
532,512.7
684,176.0
684,031.0 I/
675,498.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
5 ,000.0
5,148.0
5,449.5
300.0
500.0
$1,490,176.0
$1,498,363.0 I/
$1,412,219.4"
10,595.1
11,582.7
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-$9,607.0
-9,607.0
-2,677.0
-24,837.0
-24,837.0
-11,272.0
-29,420.0
-29,420.0
-25,188.0
* *
* * *
-215.0
-215.0
-55.0
*
* * *
-$64,079.0
-$64,079.0
-$39,192.0
* *
* * -
Current
Estimate
1986
$213,793.0
213,493.0
195,581.8
552,763.0
560,947.0
521,240.7
654,756.0
654,611.0
650,310.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
4,785.0
4,933.0
5,394.5
300.0
500.0
$1,426,097.0
$1,434,284.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
Estimate
1987
$192,734.0
193,344.2
204,026.9
490,785.0
492,699.9
532,473.7
687,947.0
687,947.0
675,535.6
10,452.9
11,382.7
5,000.0
7,600.0
8,405.5
300.0
500.0
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11,382.7
-------
Actual
Budget
Authority. ........
6?0
480
. . . 360
1
1
,000.0
,405.2
,311.6
,237.2
.350.3
71
900,000.0
900 ,000 .0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1.716.0
900,000.0
882,000.0
480,000.0
1,556.2
1.716.0
]/
-38 700 0
-38,700.0
-7,590.0
861
843
472
1
1
300 0
300.0
,410.0
,556.2
.716.0
1
1
050 000 0
252 000 0
770,800.0
1,556.2
1.716.0
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust^ Rind
Budget.
ObUgat
Outlays
Permane
Total H
Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Fudget Authorlty............ (44,000.0)
Obligations (44,000.0)
Outlays. (44,000.0)
Advances to Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund
Budget Authority. '
Obligations......
Outlays
Construct1on Grants
" BudgeOuthGrityY 2,400,000.0 2,400,000.0
Obligations 2,573,964.9 2,500,000.0
Outlays. 2,899,742.7 2,650,000.0
Current
Estimate
1906 "
Estimate
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(33,000.0)
(33,000.0)
(33,000,0)
Sclentjf1c Activities Overseas
Dblll gaFI ons
Outlays
Revolving Fund
Obligations..
Outlays
M1sc. Contributed Funds
Obligations.
Outlays
299.4
62.3
533.0
-117.0
36.4
8.2
15.0
100.0
600.0
15.0
30.0
25.0
600,000.0
1,400,000.0
2,820,000.0
10.0
268.0
600.0
-50.0
50.0
25.0
-25,800.0
-25,800.0
-258.0
574,200.0 3/ ... 4/
1,374,200.0 108,267.0
2,819,742.0 2,355,200.0
-28.0
-28.0
10.0
268.0
572.0
-78.0
50.0
25.0
150.0
342.0
750.0
-1,250.0
40.0
25.0
-------
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Bal anced
Budget
Reduction
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
Reimbursements - Salaries and
Expenses
DEm gatfons............
Permanent Workyears.........
Total Workyears..
Reimbursements - Superfund
Obligations..
17,789.1
56.8
53.6
5,584.1
20,000.0
53.0
62.0
7,000.0
20,000.0
53.0
62.0
18,000.0
-34.0
-398.0
19,966.0
53.0
62.0
17,602.0
20,000.0
53.0
62.0
30,000.0
TOTAl^ENVjftONMENTAL PROTECTION
AENCY
Budget Authority...
Obligations.
Permanent Workyears......
Total Workvears..
..$4.367,573.1 $
..$4,453,240.9 $
..$4,497,511.5 $
11,198.8
12.415.3
4,683,316.0 $2,990,176.0 -$128,579.0 '.
4,826,523.0 $3,819,022.0 -$129,039.0 !
4,669,038.2 $4,712,462.4 -$47,068.0 1
11,836.9 12,204.3
13.080.7 13.360.7
£,861,597.0 $2,426,466.0
;3, 689, 984.0 $2,793,098.1
54, 665, 394. 4 $4,546,058.7
12,204.3 12.062.1
13.360.7 13.160.7
I/ Obligations for these appropriations reflect the reduction to Consulting Services pursuant to P.L= 99-160:
Salaries and Expenses - $145.0; Research and Development - $133.0; Abatement, Control, and Compliance - $710.0.
The reduction for Superfund of $240.0 was considered in the estimates for that program.
2/ The 1985 appropriation does not reflect a receipt shortfall of $13,918.0 which could reduce budget authority to
$sne,002.0.
3/ An additional $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthorlzation.
jj An amended budget request for $1.8 billion will be submitted immediately after appropriate reform
legislation is enacted.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Budget Authority,
Obligations, Outlays and Workyears
By Media
(dollars In thousands)
Air
Budget Authority. ........
Obi igations. .............
Water Quality
Outl ays
Drinking Water
Budget Authority
Obi igations
Permanent Workyears
Hazardous Waste
Budget Author 1 ty .........
Obi 1 gatl ons .
Pesticides
Budget Authorl ty
Obi igations.
Permanent Workyears
Actual
1985
... . $234,580.1
.... 232,624.2
.... 233,082.6
.... 1,583.2
.... 1,710 0
.... 251,717,3
, . . . 249,909.9
.... 240,952.3
.... 1,957.0
. ... 2,191.5
.... 85,992.1
. ... 85,244.9
.... 86,081.7
, . . . 543.4
.... 604.3
.... 191,912.1
. ... 194,075.6
.... 150,793.3
. ... 1,045,2
.... 1,176.2
.... 66,928.4
.... 70,521,5
.... 61,155.0
.... 734.6
797.5
Budget
Estimate
1986
$238,511.9
240,879.6
255,665.9
1,604.0
1,751.6
241,686.2
244,426.5
241,236.4
2,003.3
2,248.6
88,125.8
89,040.4
98,286.3
584.5
642.3
237,353.8
240,244.7
197,408.7
1,217.9
1,367.9
70,506.9
71,031.4
57,560.2
735.1
809.1
Enacted
1986
$259,548.4
257,426.0
229,613.7
1,713.9
1,830.6
256,580.4
258,852.0
246,907.3
2,056.5
2,283.0
91,230.4
90,144.0
87,423.1
595.8
639.8
248,544.4
248,758.0
214,677.5
1,284.5
1,442.5
69,836.5
70,969.0
67,142.7
741.2
807.6
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-$11,160.5
-11,160.5
-6,624.9
-11,033.3
-11,033.3
-6,595.9
-3,923.2
-3,923.2
-2,356.7
-10,686.8
-10,686.8
-5,595.5
-3,002.9
-3,002.9
-1,947.5
Current
Estimate
1986
$248,387.9
246,265.5
222,988.8
1,713.9
1,830.6
245,547.1
247,818.7
240,311.4
2,056.5
2,283.0
87,307.2
86,220.8
85,066.4
595.8
639.8
237,857.6
238,0?1.2
209,082.0
1,284.5
1,442.5
66,833.6
67,966.1
65,195.2
741.2
807.6
Estimate
1987
$239,228.4
239,549.0
235,868.6
1,660.2
1,791.1
217,841.0
218,584.0
235,732.7
2,021.1
2,181.8
84,126.5
84,242.0
83,434.7
587.8
639.8
256,236.2
256,144.0
239,991.5
1,301
1,462.3
69,433.1
69,467.0
68,720.5
734.7
803.8
-------
01
Radiation
Budget Authority....
Obligations....
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears.....
Noise
Budget Authority.
Obligations......
Outlays.....
Jnterdi sdplinary
Budget "AuflTbn ty
Obligations.
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Uorkyears
Actual
1985
13,003.4
12,354.5
16,068.9
149.1
161.4
45.9
56,264.1
55,489.9
54,857.8
482.5
533.0
Toxic Substances
Budget Authority.
84.536.2
Obligations ., 124,604.6
Outlayr 84,562.6
Permanent Workyears 767.3
Total Workyears 852.2
Energy
Budget Authori ty....
Obligations
Outlays.... ...
Permam-nt Workyears.
Total Uorkyears.
58,592.2
56,812.5
41,692.6
94.1
105.7
Management and Support
Budget Authority 291,547.2
Obligations... 287,763.1
Outlays 264,338.7
Permanent Workyears 2,548.4
Total Workyears 2,869.6
Budget
Estimate
1986
9,782.4
9,828.5
9,758.4
141.3
147.3
469.7
47,166.3
47,292.6
48,252.6
491.0
521.5
94,952.1
95,511,7
94,lbl.l
796.6
856.3
67,317.3
67,219.5
58,659.6
89.2
97.7
282,913.3
283,513.1
282,254.3
2,564.8
2,860.4
Enacted
1986
10,202.1
12,707.0
12,723.5
155.3
160.0
395.9
56,272.8
55,770.0
60,916.3
537.7
568.2
143,331.3
149,397.0
125,687.4
804.8
865.0
61,707.7
61,957.0
62,301.4
88.4
97.0
287,922.0
288,223.0
298,981.1
2,617.0
2,889.0
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-438.6
-438.6
-325.6
-2,419.6
-2,419.6
-1,343.6
-6,163.1
-6,163.1
-2,911.3
-2,654.3
-2,654.3
-857.3
-12,381.7
-12,381.7
-10,578.7
Current
Estimate
1986
9,763.5
12,268.4
12,397.9
155.3
160.0
395.9
53,853.2
53,350.4
59,572.7
537.7
568.2
137,168.2
143,233.9
122,776.1
804.8
865.0
59,053.4
59,302.7
61,444.1
88.4
97.0
275,540.3
275,841.3
288,402J
2,617.0
2,889.0
Estimate
1987
11,972.0
11,989.0
12,136.4
152.0
157.0
184.7
47,874.9
48,043.0
52,466.7
544.3
570.0
89,327.7
90,523.0
128,594.4
792.5
858.2
59,589.4
59,613.0
61,349.2
77.2
85.8
295,836.8
296,137.1
294,056.0
2,581.8
2,832.9
-------
Buildings and Facilities
Obligations..,. .............
Outl ays
SUBTOTAL, OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Author! ty ...$1
Obi tgatl ons .$1
Outl ays .............. .$1
Permanent Workyears. ........
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund
Obi 1 gat Ions. ............. ...
Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Obi igat 1 ons
Advances to Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund
Outlays .,
Construction Grants
Budget Authority.... ........ 2
Obligations.. 2
Out! ? y s 2
Scientific Activities Overseas
Ub] 1 gat-1 ons .................
Actual
1985
12,500.0
5,228.1
3,872.3
,347,573.1 $1
,374,628.8 $1
,237,503.7 $1
9,904.8
11,001.4
620,000.0 I/
480,405.2
360,311.6
1,237.2
1,350.3
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
,400,000.0 2
,573,964.9 2
,899,742.7 2
299.4
62.3
Budget
Estimate
1986
5,000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0
,383,316.0
,398,878.0
,348,898.2
10,227,7
11,302.7
900,000.0
900,000.0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
,400,000.0
,500,000.0
,650,000.0
15.0
100.0
Enacted
1986
5,000.0
5,148.0
5,449.5
$1,490,176.0
$1,499,351.0
$1,412,219.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
900,000.0
882,000.0
480,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
600*000.0
1,400,000.0
2,820,000.0
ft
10.0
268.0
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-215.0
-215.0
-55.0
-$64,079.0
-$64,079.0
-$39,192.0
* *
» »
-38,700.0
-38,700.0
-7,590.0
* * *
»
Current
Estimate
1986
4,785.0
4,933.0
5,394.5
$1,426,097.0
$1,435,272.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
861,300.0
843,300.0
472,410.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
Estimate
1987
5,000.0
7,600.0
8,405.5
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11,382.7
1,050,000.0
1,252,000.0
770,800.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(33,000.0)
(33,000.0)
(33,000.0)
-25,800.0
-25,800.0
-258.0
574,200.0 2J ... I/
1,374,200.0 108,267.0
2,819,742.0 2,355,200.0
* *
* * *
10.0
268.0
150.0
342.0
-------
Bal anced
Budget Budget Current
Actual Estimate Enacted Reduction Estimate Estimate
1985 1986 1986 1986 1986 1987
Revolving Fund
Obligations 533.0 600.0 600.0 -28.0 572.0 750.0
Outlays... -117.0 15.0 -50.0 -28.0,, -78.0 -1,250.0
H1sc. Contributed Funds x
Obligations...."..... 36»4 30.0 50,0 ... 50.0 40.0
Outlays 8.2 25.0 25.0 ... 25.0 25.0
Reimbursements - Salaries and
Expenses
"WTTgaTlons 17,789.1 20,000.0 20,000.0 -34.0 19,966.0 20,000.0
Permanent Workyears 56.8 53.0 53.0 ... 53.0 53.0
Total Workyears.... 63.6 62.0 62.0 ... 62.0 62.0
Reimbursements - Superfund
Obligations .. 5,584.1 7,000.0 18,000.0 -398.0 17,602.0 30,000.0
TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
Budget Authority....... $4,367,573.1 $4,683,316.0 $2,990,176.0 -$128,579.0 $2,861,597.0 $2,426,466.0
Obligations $4,453,240.9 $4,826,523.0 $3,820,011.0 -$129,039.0 $3,690,972.0 $2,793,098,1
Outlays $4,497,511.5 $4,669,038.2 $4,712,462.4 -$47,068.0 $4,665,394.4 $4,546,058.7
Permanent Workyears 11,198.8 11,836.9 12,204.3 ... 12,204.3 12,062.1
Total Workyears... 12,415.3 13,080.7 13,360.7 ... 13,360.7 13,160.7
NOTE:
The 1986 obligation estimates for the operating programs do not reflect the reduction for Consulting Services
pursuant to P.L. 99-160; Salaries and Expense - $145,0; Research and Development - $133.0; and Abatement,
Control, and Compliance - $710.0. The reduction for Superfund of $240.0 was considered 1n the estimates for
that program.
_!/ The 1HR5 appropriation does not reflect a receipt shortfall of $13,918.0 which could reduce budget authority
to $606,082.0.
2f An additional $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthoriration.
3f An amended budget request for $1.8 -billion will be submitted Immediately after appropriate reform legislation
Is enacted.
-------
Air
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
AIR A-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Air Quality Research A-9
Characterization, Transport and Fate A-l 5
Sci enti f i c Assessment A-l 7
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance A-l7
Health Effects A-l9
Environmental Engineering and Technology A-20
Environmental Processes and Effects... A-21
Stratospheri c Modi fi cati on A-22
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards A-24
Emission Standards & Technology Assessment., A-27
Pollutant Strategies & Air Standards Development. A-28
State Program Policy Guidelines & Regulations Development........ A-29
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy........... A-31
Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization A-33
Testing, Technical & Administrative Support A-34
Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance A-35
State Programs Resource Assistance A-37
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants) A-39
Trai ni ng A-41
Air Quality Management Implementation A-43
Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment....... A-48
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring........ , A-50
Air Quality & Emissions Data Management 8 Analysis A-52
ENFORCEMENT
Stationary Source Enforcement A-55
Mobile Source Enforcement A-59
A-l
-------
APPROPRIATION
AIR
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, A1r
$80,950..Q $81,852.3 $86,881.1 -$3,735.9 $83,145.2 $84,208.4 $1,063.2
$111,596.8 $115,828.0 $126,328.0 -$5,432.1 $120,895.9 $117,828.0 -$3,067.9
$40,077.4 $40,831.6 $46,339.3 -$1,992.5 $44,346.8 $37,192.0 -$7,154.8
$232,624.2 $238,511.9 $259,548.4 -$11,160.5 $248,387.9 $239,228.4 -$9,159.5
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
1,583.2 1,604.0 1,713.9 1,713.9 1,660.2 -53.7
1,710.0 1,751.6 1,830.6 1,830,6 1,791.1 -39.5
$233,082.6 $255,665.9 $229,613.7 -$6,6?4.9 $222,988.8 $235,868.6 $12,879.8
Authorization for the Clean Air Act expired September 30, 1981. Reauthorlzatlon Is
pendlng.
-------
AIR
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Clean Air Act authorizes a nationwide program of air quality planning,
regulation, enforcement, and research for control of air pollution. The EPA strategy
for implementing the nationwide program 1s based on five major goals: (1) reduce
the risk of exposure to air toxics; (2) achieve National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQSs) set to protect public health; (3) increase the capacity and
improve the effectiveness of State and loca] air quality agencies; (4) determine
the policy alternatives and strategy options available to address add deposi-
tion and stratospheric ozone depletion; (5) develop and support programs to maintain
improvements in air quality; and (6) research to support regulatory programs.
Reduce Risk of Exposure to Air Toxics
In 1987, EPA will continue to better define the nature and magnitude of the
air toxics problem and to develop and strengthen the regulatory options for dealing
with the problem. In June 1985, EPA completed a comprehensive national strategy for
addressing both routine and accidental releases of air toxics. The strategy
includes an enhanced and refocused Federal air toxics program to address problems
that are national in scope, a new program to help State and local governments
strengthen their capabilities to deal with air toxics problems within their bound-
aries, and an expanded effort to devise strategies to reduce risk from multi-media,
multi-source pollutants in specific geographic areas.
In 1987, EPA will continue a more aggressive program for listing and regulating
toxic air pollutants under section 112 of the Clean Air Act. Decisions for Federal
regulatory actions will be made for 8-12 compounds.
EPA will also continue to develop and promulgate National Emission Standards
for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs) 1n 1987. These standards apply to both new
and existing sources of hazardous air pollutants. In 1987, EPA will have NESHAPs
under development for 14 hazardous pollutants, more than 1n any previous year.
In addition, EPA will propose regulations for controlling toxic air emissions from
seven types of hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. EPA's
Regional air program staff will provide support in addressing air quality problems
associated with Superfund sites on the National Priority List and in Issuing the
permits required by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act,
The success of the program for reducing lead in vehicle fuels has prompted the
makers of fuels to add new components and additives. In 1987, EPA will take active
steps to ensure that substitutes for lead do not contribute to emissions of hazardous
air pollutants or degrade the operation of motor vehicle emission controls. EPA
will also give high priority to technology assessments for paniculate controls for
heavy-duty diesel vehicle engines to help ensure that manufacturers meet the tech-
nology forcing standards that become effective starting with the 1988 model year.
Achieve NAAQSsNationwide
The establishment of NAAQSs at levels that protect public health and pre-
vent other adverse effects has been the keystone of the national air quality pro-
gram. The need to revise NAAQSs is determined based on regular assessment of the
most accurate and up-to-date scientific data available on the health and other
effects of the various pollutants. In 1987, EPA will promulgate revised or re-
affirmed NAAQSs for sulfur dioxide and size-specific particulate matter
EPA will also propose to revise or reaffirm'the NAAQSs for lead.
A-3
-------
EPA's strategy for achieving the NAAQSs centers on working with States to
complete and enforce the State Implementation Plans (SIPs) required by the Clean
Air Act. Although air quality has generally improved as a result of the measures
in SIPs, many of the SIPs have proven inadequate to meet NAAQSs by statutory dead-
1i nes.
The NAAQS for ozone has proven the most difficult standard to meet. As many as
35 of the 53 large urban areas now in violation of the standard will still not meet
the standard by December 1987. The affected population of these post-1987 non-
attainment areas could total over 80 million. In 1987, EPA will give priority to
strengthening control of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that contribute to
ozone formation. EPA's ozone reduction program for 1987 will be based on an aggres-
sive strategy that will be completed in 1986.
A continued reduction in emissions from motor vehicles will be a major
factor in meeting NAAQSs, particularly the standards for ozone, carbon monoxide,
and nitrogen dioxide. To help ensure that manufacturers design and produce vehi-
cles that meet emission standards throughout their useful lives, EPA will maintain
a comprehensive Federal compliance program. This program includes preproduction
certification of emission control systems, selective enforcement audits at manufac-
turers' facilities, and recalls of Insufficiently controlled vehicles. In 1987,
EPA will tighten control of vehicle refueling and evaporative emission losses and
of heavy-duty vehicle exhaust emissions.
Tampering with vehicle emission control systems, switching to leaded fuels,
and failing to properly maintain engines greatly Increase pollutant emissions.
Federal efforts alone cannot effectively address these problems. EPA will continue
to work with State and local governments to establish and maintain effective vehicle
inspection and maintenance programs and antl-tonpering/anti-fuel switching programs.
In addition to remedying SIPs still Inadequate to meet NAAQSs and ensuring
compliance of in-use vehicles, the States and EPA will carry out a vigorous, com-
prehensive program aimed at achieving continuous compliance by stationary sources,
particularly major sources in or affecting areas not meeting the health-related
NAAQSs. The program will emphasize implementation of the "timely and appropriate"
guidance, the Post-1982 Enforcement Policy, and guidance defining a Federally
reportable violation. In the enforcement of SIPs, sources of VOCs affecting ozone
levels in areas not meeting standards will receive increased attention. Emissions
from these sources are of concern, not only because they contribute to unhealthful
ozone levels, but also because their components may be hazardous to public health.
Strengthen Stateand Local Programs
EPA will continue to support State and local air pollution control programs by
identifying obstacles to program effectiveness, providing direct program assistance,
facilitating information exchange, and maintaining national monitoring and data
management systems. The National Air Audit System, used to identify obstacles to
State and local control agency effectiveness and to help EPA define more efficient
and meaningful national programs, will continue on the biennial cycle begun in
1986. During 1987, all State and key local agencies will be evaluated using
national criteria for five major program areas: air quality planning, new source
review, compliance assurance, air quality monitoring, and vehicle inspection and
maintenance. The results of the national audit will be used to identify both the
problems of individual State and local agencies and more generic national problems.
During 1987, State and key local agencies, with the support of EPA Regional
Offices, will initiate the actions necessary to address the problems identified by
the 1986 audits. Nationally, EPA will use the results of the 1985 and 1986
summary reports to review and adjust priorities and resources to better support
State and local needs and achieve the desired environmental results. The Section
105 State grant program will be included in an anticipated legislative proposal for
block grants designed to give States more flexibility and autonomy in administering
environmental programs.
A-4
-------
Address Acid Deposition, Stratospheric Ozone Depletion, and Indoor Air Pollution
In 1987, EPA will carry out an acid deposition program that includes accelerated
research and analyses of policy and implementation issues. The EPA Office of
Research and Development will continue to develop the scientific and technical
information required to respond to policy issues. The Office of Air and Radiation
will insure that research efforts are focused on policy information needs and will
review new research results for their policy implications. EPA will continue in
1987 to identify and resolve possible implementation issues through the State Acid
Rain (STAR) program.
Section 157 of the Clean Air Act requires EPA to issue regulations to reduce
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions if the Administrator of EPA determines that the
emissions endanger public health and the environment. In response to a suit brought
by the Natural Resources Defense Council, EPA developed and adopted a comprehensive
CFC action strategy in 1985. To carry out this strategy, EPA will focus during
1986 on developing a national and international consensus on the nature and magnitude
of the CFC problem. In 1987, EPA will announce a decision on the need for regulatory
actions to control CFCs.
Research by EPA and others indicates that health risks result from indoor
exposure to air pollutants, as well as ambient exposures. Some of the risks asso-
ciated with indoor air pollution may be substantial. EPA will examine how existing
EPA programs can be adjusted to reduce total exposure to unhealthful air quality.
Maintain Air Quality
EPA, States, and local agencies must protect the gains made in improving
environmental quality. In 1987, EPA will continue to develop national, technology-
based New Source Performance Standards (NSPSs) for all major source categories.
Fifteen NSPSs will be promulgated. An additional four NSPSs will be proposed or
under development.
In 1987, EPA will continue to give priority to improving the effectiveness of
EPA and State compliance monitoring inspections. EPA will support application of
the Model Surveillance Targeting Program, completed in 1986, to provide more
systematic and efficient inspection programs. EPA will also continue to actively
promote the integration of continuous emissions monitoring (CEM) into the continuous
compliance program. During 1987, EPA will complete guidance for addressing
malfunctions of control equipment and process operations.
In 1987, EPA will complete promulgation of SIPs to protect visibility in
pristine areas of those 34 States that did not prepare their own plans.
Cpntjinue Research to Support Regulatpry Programs
In 1987, the Office of Research and Development will continue to provide the
monitoring methods, air quality models, health and welfare assessments, and emission
reduction technology evaluations required to review NAAQSs, promulgate NSPSs and
NESHAPs, and develop SIPs.
Research to determine the atmospheric transport, transformation, and fate of
air pollutants will continue, with increased emphasis on the formation of toxic air
pollutants from initially innocuous compounds. In addition, studies will be done to
determine the effects of particle spiling on buildings and materials.
A-5
-------
The regulatory review schedule for NAAQSs requires a shift in emphasis in the
scientific assessment program. In 1987, the focus will be on oxides of nitrogen,
particulate matter, sulfur oxides, and carbon monoxide. In line with the Agency's
program to regulate and control potentially toxic air pollutants, comprehensive
health assessment documents for hazardous air pollutants will be provided.
The monitoring systems and quality assurance program will continue to provide
monitoring data, develop and validate monitoring methods for air pollutants, and
provide quality assurance support. The emphasis in 1987 will be on continued
development of the Toxics Air Monitoring System and related toxic air pollution
monitoring, and on developing and refining total human exposure measurement methods.
Health research on criteria air pollutants will continue to focus on developing
test methods, producing dose/response data, and developing techniques to extrapolate
animal data to humans. In keeping with the regulatory schedule, the emphasis will
be on the effects of nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter. Increased effort
will be directed to ascertaining the health effects of toxic air pollutants.
The environmental engineering and technology program will continue to assess
the performance, cost, and reliability of emission reduction technologies and
provide technical assistance to Regional Offices to support permitting, NSPSs, and
compliance activities.
Research will be enhanced on the potential health and environmental effects of
Increased levels of ultraviolet radiation, particularly in the wavelength range of
approximately 290-300 namometers (UV-B radiation). UV-B radiation levels increase
when stratospheric ozone layer is depleted. The adverse effects of air pollution
on vegetation will be studied, as will the effects of particles on visibility.
A-6
-------
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
AIR
Budget Current Increase (+)
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease (-)
1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs. 1986
National Ambient Air
Quality Standards
Number of Pollutants
Covered (Cumulative) 6 6
Proposals* 2 1
Promulgations* » 0 2
New Sour ce Perfprma n ce Sta nda rd s
Source Categories
Covered (Cumulative)....... 59 74
Proposals** ,. 3 6
Promulgations** 11 12
Na.tional Emisslon Standards
for Hazai rdpu-jMr^Poltutanfs
Number of Source Categories
Covered (Cumulative)........ 27 Q
Number of Pollutants
Covered (Cumulative) 5 6
Proposals**..,. 2 2
Promulgations**.............. 0 3
Enforcement Actions -*Stationary Sources
Inspections. 1,726 1,725
Notices of Violations 247 200
Administrative Orders 101 92
Civil Litigation 135 167
Criminal Litigation 13 6
Enforcement Actions -- Mobile Sources
State and Local Tampering/Fuel
Switching Programs (Cumulative), 19 32
Assembly Line Testing ,
Test Orders 17 17
Recall Investigations , 35 40
Notices of Violations
0 Tampering/Fuel Switching... 645 ; 420
0 Lead..., 6 32
65
14
10
30
6
1
5
,725
230
105
1.17
14
28
21
35
450
32
77
1
15
32
7
1
2
,694
238
131
121
14
37
21
20
450
50
+12
-13
+5
+2
+1
-3
-31
+8
+26
+4
+9
-15
+18
* Revisions or reaffirmations
** New Source categories and revisions (for example, the 5 NESHAPs promulgations in
1986 include 3 new source categories and 2 revisions)
** Current estimates are based on revised criteria
NOTE: All outputs are incremental except as indicated.
A-7
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
AIR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Air Quality Research.... A-9
Characterization, Transport and Fate. A-15
Scient ifi c Assessment A-l 7
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance.... A-l7
Health Effects. A-l9
Environmental Engineering and Technology......................... A-20
Environmental Processes and Effects......... , A-21
Stratospher 1 c Modi fi cati on A-22
A-6
-------
PROGRAM
AIR
Air Quality Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Characterization,
Transport And Fate -
Air
Salaries 8 Expenses $2,690.7
Research 3 Development $6,384.1
TOTAL $9,074.8
Scientific Assessment -
Air
Salaries & Expenses $3,089.7
Research & Development $3,072.6
TOTAL $6,162.3
Honttoring Systems And ,
Quality Assurance - Air
Salaries 8 Expenses $6,360.3
Research A Development ' $6,717.7
TOTAL $i 3,078.0
Health Effects - Air
Salaries 8 Expenses $8,781.3
Research & Development $16,147.9
TOTAL $23,929.2
Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Air
Salaries /? Expenses $3,538,8
Research ?. Development $4,897.7
TOTAL $8,436.5
$2.765.6 $3,818.7
$6,629.4 $7,847.5
$9,395.0 $11,666.2
$3,067.7
$2,686.2
$5,753.9
$3,023.3
$2,975,3
$5,998.6
$6,321.0 $6,184.3
$8,559.9 $12,378.7
$14,880.9 $18,563.0
$7,497.7 $7,312.6
$14,583.4 $14,852.0
$22,081.1 $22,164.6
$3,809.8 $3,967,1
$4,459.5 $6,101.4
$8,269.3 $10,068.5
$164.3
$337.4
: 1501.7
-$129.9
-$127.9
-$257.8
-$265.9
-$532,3
-$798.2
-$314.4
-$638.7
-$953.1
-$170.5
-$262.4
-$432.9
$3,654.4 $3,753.1 $98.7
$7,510.1 $8,170.0 $659.9
$11,164.5 $11,923.1 $758.6
$2,893.4 $2,801.1 -$92.3
$2,847.4 $2,538.0 -$309.4
$5,740.8 $5,339.1 -$401.7
$5,918.4 $6,695.4 $777.0
$11,846.4 $10,702.0 -$1,144.4
$17,764.8 $17,397.4 -$367.4
$6,998.2 $8,204.6 $1,206.4
$14,213.3 $10,373.0 -$3,840.3
$21,211.5 $18,577.6 -$2,633.9
$3,796.6
$5,839.0
$9,635.6
3,940.0 $143.4
3,514.0 -$2,325.0
J,454.0 -$2,181.6
-------
AIR
Air Duality Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Air
Salaries A Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Stratospheric
Modification Program
Salaries ft Expenses
Research A Development
TOTAL
$1,713.ft
$.1,157.6
$4,R71.4
$104.9
$699.8
$804.7
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$1,777.3
$3,013.?
$4,790.5
$900.0
$900.0
$853.3
$1,346.6
$2,199.9
$837.8
$837.8
-$36.8
-$57.8
-$94.6
-$36.0
-$3fi.O
$816.5 $668.4
$1,288.8 $1,000.0
$2,105.3 $1,668.4
$801.8
$801.8
$895.0
$895.0
-$148.1
-$288.8
-$436.9
$93.2
$93.2
TOTAL:
Salaries ft Expenses $26,279.5 $25,239.1 $25,159.3
Research » Development $40,077.4 $40,831.6 $46,339.3
Air Quality Research TOTAL $66,356.0 $66,070.7 $71,498.6
-$1,081.8 $24,077.5 $26,062.6 $1,985.1
-$1,992.5 $44,346.8 $37,192.0 -$7,154.8
-$3,074.3 $68,424.3 $63,254.6 -$5,169.7
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Characterization,
Transport And Fate -
Air
Scientific Assessment -
Air
Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance - A1r
Health Effects - A1r
40.0
50.1
107.5
106.5
44.0
48.3
103.1
115.5
55.2
52.9
102.2
130.fi
55.2
52.9
102.2
130.6
55.6
53.7
107.2
118.6
.4
.8
5.0
-12.0
-------
ACTUAL
1985
AIR
Air Quality Research
BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
Environmental
Engineering- And
Technology - Air
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Air
Stratospheric
Modification Program
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
57.9
22.9
2.1
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
51.5 65.3
21.7
387.0 384.1
7.7
413.9
65,3
7.7
413.9
66.3
7.3
1.0
-0.4
408.7
-5.2
TOTAL WORKYFARS
Characterization,
Transport And Fate -
Air
Scientific Assessment -
A1r
Monitorinn Systems And
Quality Assurance - Air
Health Effects - Air
Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Air
47.4
58.4
115.8
46.5
57.6
.7
61.7
56.8
118.2
61.7
61.7
120.6 132.2 130.6
63.7 71.0 71.5
56.8
118.2
130.6
71.5
56.8
123.2
133.6
72.5
5.0
3.0
1.0
-------
ACTUAL
1985
AIR
Air Quality Research
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN °HOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Air
Stratospheric
Modification Program
28.8
2.1
27.9
12.3
12.3
12.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
436.8
454.9
451.1
451.1
460.1
9.0
-------
AIR
Atr Quality Research
Principal Outputs by Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1: Provide Scientific Support to Develop and Review Primary and
Secondary NAAQS ! '
o Journal article on the dosimetry of selected fine mode particles in human and
animal lungs (Health)
o External review drafts of Air Quality Criteria Document (AQCD) for carbon
monoxide and oxides of nitrogen (Sci. Assessment)
Objecti ye 2: Prpvid^ Scientific Suppgj^ JoJ)eye1 op NSPS and SIPs
o Users guide for evaluating complex terrain model for stable plume Impact ion
(Charact. & Transport)
o Report on reference and equivalent methods program for 1986 (Monitoring)
Objective 3: Provide . j^ejitjjfj^ Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous Air
Pol Tut ants'
o Five comprehensive Health Assessment Documents (Sci. Assessment)
o Status reports on the Baltimore and California Total Exposure Assessment Method-
ology (TEAM) studies (Monitoring)
Objective 4: Provide Scientific Support to the Mobile Source Regulatory Program
o Article on the impact of ntethanol fuels on evaporative emissions (Charact. &
Transport)
o Status report on population exposure research activities, including exposure
models (Monitoring)
Objectj ye 5: Provide Scientif i c : Daja^^ Det^rml nei. the Impact of the Qua! ity of
tJ1"ob"aT"and Mi c ro-en v 1 ronment s pn""PlJbTl1c "Heal t h Irid the' En V i ronmenT '
o Final report on evaluation of the effectiveness of residential radon mitigation
for building code officials, home builders and homeowners (Env. Technology)
1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1: ____ Provide Scientific Support to Develop and Review Primary and
Secondary SASQS ' !
o Final AQCDs for ozone and lead (Sci. Assessment)
o Annual report on Inhalable Parti cul ate Network (Monitoring)
o Journal article on model of regional uptake of 03 and NOg in the lungs (Health)
Objectj ye 2:, Provide jcientific Support to Develop NSPS and SIPs
o Users guide for model using new dispersion techniques (Charact. & Transport)
o Final report on pilot scale cement kiln test to evaluate applications of NOX
control combustion modification (Env. Technology)
A-13
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Objecti ye 3: Provide Scientific Support .to Devel op Regul ati ons f or Hazardous Air
''Pollutant? ! ! : ~~~'
o Six comprehensive Health Assessment Documents (Sci. Assessment}
o Draft final report on residential wood combustion emission laboratory measure-
ments from Phase I Integrated Air Cancer Field Study (Env. Technology)
Objective 4: Provide Scientific Support to the Itobj^e Source Regulatory Program
o Article on the emission rates of mutagenic gasoline hydrocarbons (Charact. 4
Transport)
o Journal article on low level effects of CO on exercising angina patients (Health)
Objective 5: Provide Scientific Data to Determine the Impact of the_Jua1jty_3iof
Global and Micro-environments on Public Health jind the Environment
o Report of multipollutant field survey pilot study for indoor air quality
(Monitoring)
o Peer reviewed manual for homeowners on low cost radon mitigation techniques
(Env. Technology)
o Journal article on dose response of wheat yield to UV-B radiation simulating 0-15%
stratospheric ozone depletion (Strat. Mod.)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
ZSSSSSSEKSSSS.SBSSSKES
Objectlyfi ; 1: Provide Scientific Support to Develop and Review Primary and
Secondary NSSQS ' :
o Final report on a five year study of air quality (Monitoring)
o Report on effects of NOg in exercising asthmatics (Health)
Objective 2: Provide Scientific Support to Develop NSPS jn
o Project report and summary: The Evaluation of Chemical Mechanisms for Photo-
chemical Smog (Charact. & Transport)
o Final report on the National Air Pollution Background Network (Monitoring)
QbJ.ectj.ve ;.,,., j.;.,, £y3$&-^*nilT^.-. Support to Develop Regul ;atjons- for Hazardous
'XirTol'Tu't'a'h't's"' : ' '
o Report on the atmospheric reaction products from HAP degradation (Charact. &
Transport)
o Seventeen comprehensive Health Effects Documents (Sci. Assessment)
o Final report on source emissions of copper compounds for NESHAP development
(Env. Technology)
Objective 4: Provide Scientific Support to the Mobile Source Regulatory Program
o Journal article on real time measurements for CO characterization of in-use
three-way catalyst vehicles (Charact. & Transport)
o Journal article on "Measuring Human Exposure to Carbon Monoxide in Washington,
D.C., and Denver, Colorado." (Monitoring)
Objective 5; Provide Scientific Data to Determine the Impact of the Quality of
G1 obat an₯^^crd-envi ronments on Publ i c Health and the Envi rbnment
o Proceedings of workshop on state of the art emission characterization for Indoor
Air Quality Committee (Env. Technology)
o Journal article on the response of estuarine diatom assemblages to UV-B
radiation (Strat. Mod.)
A-14
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AIR
A1r Quality Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $63,254,600 supported by 460.1 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $5,169,700 and an increase of 9.0 total workyears from
1986. Of the request, $26,062,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $37,192,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation, an
increase of $1,985,100 and a decrease of $7,154,800, respectively.
Program Descri pt i on
This research program provides the technical support needed to issue and
enforce regulations implementing the Clean Air Act, including national standards
for "criteria" pollutants and for hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from a variety
of sources* The following objectives support these efforts:
Object le 1. Provide Scientific Support to Develop and Review Primary and
This research program provides the scientific data needed to issue
_
₯rid rev! se national standards for emissions of criteria pollutants.
Objective 2. Provide Scientific Support to Develop ItSPS and SIPs. This re-
sea rcFs!fpp7rrTs'"TsTu₯n^ (NSPS)
and State Implementation Plans (SIPs) through development of models and monitoring
techniques for air pollutants and engineering studies of control technologies.
Objective 3. Provide Scientific Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous
Air PjoTTutants. Under this objective EPA conducts research to Identify and control
emissions of air pollutants from a variety of sources that are hazardous to human
health but not already regulated as criteria pollutants.
Objective 4. Provide Scientific Support for the Mobile Source Regulatory
Program. This research evaluates the health effects of, and monitoring techniques
Wr, air pollutant emissions from mobile sources.
Objective 5. Provide Scientific Data to Determine the Impact of the Quality
of Global and Micro-envi ronments on Public Health. and the Envij'gnment. This 'pro-
gram supports research on global envi ronmentll" proljlems such as atmospheric changes
and the effects of ultraviolet radiation. Indoor air research is also conducted
under this objective.
CHARACTERIZATION, TRANSPORT AND FATE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $11,923,100 Supported by 61.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,753,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $8,170,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $98,700 and $659,900, respectively, and no change
in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjustments
to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions. The increase in
Research and Development reflects increased emphasis on hazardous air pollution
research.
A-15
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Provide Scientific Support ,_tp_ .-^v6iop_.,^4.J^yj^^rlj|g|XAnj Secondary NAAQS.
Research will be conducted to assess th^fnfTuence W partTcle site and composition
on soiling and visibility. A two-year study of the influence of fine and coarse
mode particle soiling on glass and paint will be completed. Research to assess the
sources of visibility impairment will continue, and field studies will continue
to be conducted to determine the contribution of various types of fine particles
to visibility reduction, and to identify the sources of these particles.
Provi de Sci enti f 1 c Support to lievel op I^P| and SIPs . A variety of models are
being devel oped to supisbrt NSPS arid SIPs. Models to predict chemical and physical
reactions in the atmosphere are being developed at the urban and regional scale
and for complex terrain to support development of effective control strategies for
SIPs. Studies to adapt 03 regional scale models for use 1n secondary standards
will be conducted. A regional fine parti culate/inhalable particulate model will
be developed.
Provide Scientific Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants'! With the use of specially designed smog chambers, research will be con-
ducted to determine pollutant lifetimes and their atmospheric transformation pro-
ducts to support the Agency's air toxics strategy. Also, studies will be conducted
to characterize evaporative and exhaust emissions from mobile sources. New studies
will be initiated to determine the extent to which hazardous air pollutants are
produced in the ambient air from pollutants that were originally less harmful. As
part of the Integrated A1r Cancer Program (IACP), studies will be done to determine
the carcinogenic and mutagenic potential of air sheds containing wood combustion
emissions. Field studies will be undertaken to measure human exposures to toxic
air pollutants. In addition, technical assistance to the Regions and States on
air toxics problems will be expanded.
Provide Scientific Support to the Mobile Source Jtegul at ory Program. Research
on t he i mpa ct of 1 bw amb 1 e nt t empe r at' u re o h the emi s s ion "rates of air pollutants
from light duty motor vehicles will continue. The effects on evaporative emis-
sions of alternative fuels and different fuel compositions during vehicle re-
fueling will be studied. Research to evaluate the Impact of heavy duty diesel
particulate control devices on emission rates and chemical composition will be
initiated.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $11,164,500 supported by 61.7
total workyears for this program, of which $3,654,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $7,510,100 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
In 1986 the program reflects increased emphasis on HAPs. A report is in
preparation on the identification, screening, and measurement of HAP concentrations
in ambient air. An article is in progress on the recommended parameters to be
used in visibility models. Improved 03 chemistry mechanisms are being developed
for Incorporation into air quality simulation models.
198 5 Ac comp 1 1 s hme n't s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $9,074,800 supported by 47.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,690,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,384,100 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, improved 03 and NOg chemical mechanisms for urban scale 03 modeling
were developed. Also, a report was published on the atmospheric reaction products
from HAP degradation.
A-16
-------
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1987Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,339,100 supported by 56.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,801,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,538,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $92,300 and $309,400, respectively, and no change in
total workyears. These reductions reflect the Agency's success in diminishing
the backlog of Health Assessment Documents.
Provide Scienti f1c Support to peyelop and Reyiew Priinary and Secondary NAAQS.
puri- ng 198?, external review draft air "quality criteria documents (AQCD) will be
published for oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide. Following promulgation of
the NAAQS, the Agency will also begin to assess the health and welfare effects
data that have become available since the last revision of the AQCD on particulate
matter and sulfur oxides. In addition, technical analyses will be prepared for
the Office of Air and Radiation to support their proposal and promulgation of
revised NAAQS for lead and ozone.
Provide Scientific Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous AirPollu-
tants"Fivecomprehensive healthassessment documentsln"3eight TierIHealth
'Effects Summaries will be completed in accordance with the Agency regulatory sche-
dule. Eight additional Tier I documents will be initiated. In addition, toxic air
pollution assessments for mobile sources emissions and technical assessments in
support of State and regional air toxics problems will be provided.
1986^Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,740,800 supported by 56.8
total workyears for this program, of which $2,893,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,847,400 1s from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
In 1986, the final AQCDs for lead and ozone are being prepared. Fourteen Tier
I documents are in the process of being completed and eight more are being Initiated.
In addition, six comprehensive health assessment documents or external review
drafts are expected to be completed.
1985 Accomp11shment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,162,300 supported by 58.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,089,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,072,600 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985, the first external review draft (ERD) of the AQCD for ozone was
modified to respond to comments by the Science Advisory Board and the second ERD of
the lead AQCD was published. Four Tier I documents and seventeen health assessment
documents were provided. Work progressed on fourteen Tier I summaries.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1987BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $17,397,400 supported by 123.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $6,695,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $10,702,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $777,000 and a decrease of $1,144,400, respectively,
and an increase of 5.0 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses and
total workyears reflects greater emphasis oh Total Exposure Assessment Methodology
(TEAM) and hazardous air pollution research, both of which are conducted in-house.
A-17
-------
The decrease in Research and Development reflects the fact that research over a
number of years has resulted in a considerable body of knowledge on criteria air
pollutants, enabling the Agency to reduce the overall level of resources in this
area. However, EPA will continue to perform the research necessary to review and
revise the ambient air quality standards.
Provide^ Scientific Support to Develop and Review Primary and Secondary NAAQS.
ExistTng "air* monifonng systems will be evaluated, improved, and standardized,
with emphasis on non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs) and fine particulates. In
1987, an automated cryogenic NMOC monitor will be field tested. Research will
also be performed to develop methods for measuring human exposure to criteria
pollutants.
Pro vide Sc1 ent i f i c Suppo rt to Develop NSPS.and SI Ps. The precision and accu-
racy of monitoring methods for measuring criteria air pollutant emissions from
stationary sources will be evaluated and improved. Emphasis will be placed on
developing a sampling method for PM-10, Reference and equivalent methods will be
prepared as appropriate. Quality assurance support will be provided.
Provide Scientific Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants . Research to develop, evaluate and standardize monitoring systems for pot-
entially hazardous air pollutants will be accelerated. Ambient methods such as
combined mass spectrometry and supercritical fluid chromatography will be evaluated.
Additional technical assistance will be provided to the Regions and States. The
TEAM will be utilized in the field to assess the human exposures to toxic air pollu-
tants. As part of the IACP, emission rates of carcinogenic and tracer substances
will be assessed.
frovide_x_Scient^fic Support to the Mobi 1e Source Regu1atory Program. Evalua-
tion W datl col 1 e ct ed i n pr e vi ous f i el d st udTes meas uri n g popu 1 at i on expos u res to
mobile source pollutants will continue. Using these data as reference Inputs,
improvements will be made to existing human exposure models. Emphasis will be
placed on the sensitivity of these models to changes in input parameters and their
resulting accuracy.
Provide Scientific Data to Determine the Impact of theQuality of Global and
Micro-environments on Public Health and the Environment.MonrtorWg" techniques
will be utilized in field studies to measure human exposure to major indoor air
pollutants such as radon, N02, inhalable particulates, and VOCs. Predictive expo-
sure models will be constructed and evaluated. Emissions from indoor combustion
sources, construction materials and consumer products will be characterized so
that predictive models of indoor air concentrations of the emitted substances can
be developed.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $17,764,800 supported by 118.2
total workyears for this program, of which $5,918,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $11,846,400 is from the Research and Development
appropriation.
In 1986, the program is aimed at the completion of reports on the inhalable
particulate network, evaluation of PM-10 regulatory impacts and PM-10 systems
evaluations, and an interim report on the status of the visibility network.
Research on passive HAP monitors is being expanded. The fuels and additives
registry is being continued. Audits of the State and Local Air Monitoring Systems
(SLAMS) network are being performed and efforts are being made to improve the
accuracy of human exposure models.
A-18
-------
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $13,078,000 supported by 115.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $6,360,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,717,700 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
A final report was submitted on the validation of a manual test method for
determination of CO emissions. The results of the five-year air quality study by
the Stanford .Institute of Mathematics and Statistics were published. Five tech-
niques for monitoring hard-to-quantify toxic chemicals were evaluated. Articles
were published on the Denver and Washington, D.C. human exposure field studies.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,577,600 supported by 133.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $8,204,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $10,373,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $1,206,400 and a decrease of $3,840,300, respectively,
and an Increase of 3.0 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses and
workyears reflects enhanced support for the in-house research program and the ini-
tiation of studies on indoor air and air toxics. The decrease in Research and
Development is due primarily to a reduction of EPA funding for extramural studies
on the health effects of criteria pollutants and mobile -source emissions. These
studies have been conducted for a number of years and have yielded sufficient
information to support NAAQS and mobile source standards.
Provide Scientific Support toDevelop and Review PrimaryandSecondary NAAOS.
T0 support the timely revision of criteria documents,human andanimalstudieswill
be conducted to assess the effects of both acute and chronic exposures to criteria
pollutants. Research will continue on models of respiratory tract deposition and
pollutant uptake to enhance the development of extrapolation models. Studies will
continue on the respiratory, biochemical, and immunologlcal effects of 03, S02»
and particles. The neurobehavioral effects of CO will also be studied. Additional
epidemiological studies will be performed to assess the effects of exposure to
coal and wood smoke.
Provide Scientif 1 c Support to Develop Regulatijyis for Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants. In accordance with the Agency's Air Toxics Strategy, b'i61 ogTcaT test meth-
ods will continue to be developed to more rapidly identify those airborne toxics
with the greatest potential health risks. Dose-response studies will be conducted
to assess the genetic, neurologic, pulmonary, physiological, carcinogenic and
mutagenic effects of exposure to potentially hazardous air pollutants. Increased
emphasis will be placed on the effects of acute exposures. As part of the IACP,
human exposure to atmospheric carcinogens will be evaluated. In addition, genotoxic
tier bioassays will be expanded so that the mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenlc
effects of vapor phase mixtures can be assessed. Technical assistance for the
Regions and States on air toxics problems will be expanded.
Provide Scient1.f1 c Data to petermine the Impact of the Qua! i ty of 61 obal and
Mjcrc-environments on Pub!ic Health and tjie Environment. In conjunction with field
stulles conducted on major Indoor air pollutants, the physiological and biological
changes associated with exposure to these indoor pollutants will be evaluated.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $21,211,500 supported by 130.6
total workyears for this program, of which $6,998,200 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $14,213,300 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
A-19
-------
The 1986 program reflects a reduction in the need for mobile source health
effects studies. Resources are being shifted in 1986 from mobile source research
to give increased emphasis to determining the health effects associated with toxic
air pollutants and other non-criteria compounds.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $23,929,200 supported by 120,6 total
workyears for this program, of which $8,781,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $15,147,900 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Two clinical studies of pulmonary and immunological effects of oxidants were
completed that corroborate previous findings in animals. Epidemiology and toxico*-
logy studies of lead were completed, indicating that lead can cause neurobehavioral
effects at much lower levels than previously expected.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,454,000 supported by 72.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,940,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,514,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $143,400 and a decrease of $2,325,000, respectively,
and 'an increase of 1.0 total workyear. The increase in Salaries and Expenses
and workyears reflects enhanced support for the in-house research program. The
reduction in Research and Development reflects a decreased need for control tech-
nology and engineering research on criteria pollutants, resulting from the comple-
tion of EPA studies supported in prior years.
Provide Scientific Support toDevelop NSPSand SIPs. To assist in regulating
criteria air pollutants,engineering researchwill continue to characterize emis-
sion sources, and evaluate the cost-effectiveness, reliability and performance of
controls. Within the criteria research program for environmental technology,
emphasis will shift from nitrogen oxides to research on ozone precursor formation,
such as VOCs. Evaluations of generic control technology and industry-specific
studies will be conducted on VOC emissions. NOX research will evaluate the appli-
cability of combustion modification techniques to industrial and utility boilers.
Development wil1 continue on an interactive electrostatic precipitator model for
use in controlling particulate matter. For SOX, pilot tests of conventional spray
drying for utility and industrial boilers-will continue.
Provi'de Scientific Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants"Efforts toevaluate generic and industry-specificcontrol technologies for
high priority sources of potentially hazardous air pollutants will continue. Eval-
uations of wood stove catalytic converters will be continued. In accordance with
the Agency's air toxics strategy, increased emphasis will be placed on assessing
the performance of control technologies during periodic upsets, malfunctions and
process changes. Additional technical assistance will be provided to the Regions
and States on air toxics problems. In support of the IACP, engineering research
will be continued on the development and assessment of methods for measuring
emissions from wood combustion.
Provide Scientific Da^ta to Determine theImpact of the Quality of Globaland
Micro-environments on Public Healthandthe Environment.As part ofthe Agency's
National Radon Mitigation.Strategy,techniques developed in 1986 will be further
tested and refined in 1987. An evaluation of emissions from indoor combustion
sources and construction materials will be continued to assess indoor air con-
centrations of these emitted substances.
A-20
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,635,600 supported by 71.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,796,600 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,839,000 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
The 1986 program includes the initiation of a national radon mitigation strategy
and expansion of the Agency's air toxics program.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $8,436,500 supported by 63.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,538,800 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,897,700 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Pilot scale testing with fuel oil resulted in using reburning techniques
for up to a 75% reduction in NOX levels. An analysis of HAP emission sources was
conducted for the Office of Air and Radiation. Phase I of the radon mitigation
program in the Reading Prong was completed, with radon reduction averaging 80% and
above in several homes.
PROCESSES .AND. EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,668,400 supported by 12.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $668,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,000,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $148,100 and $288,800, respectively, and no change in
total workyears. These reductions reflect the completion of earlier studies on
criteria air pollutants, resulting in a reduced need for research to support
revisions to national air quality standards.
Provide Scientific Support to Develop and Review Primary and Secondary NAAQS.
To support the review of secondary standards for ozone, research is being cohduicted
to assess the importance of Interactions between varying soil moisture levels and
03 exposure fluctuations on growth and yield responses in major crops. Research
to determine the effects of 03 on crops as influenced by soil moisture stress will
continue at several geographical sites, and the results will be incorporated in
the economic assessment crop loss models.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,105,300 supported by 12.3
total workyears for this program, of which $816,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,288,800 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
In 1986, data collection is being completed and statistical analysis is
being initiated for the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN).
1985 Accomp 1 1 shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $4,871,400 supported by 28.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,713,800 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,157,600 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, the Annual Report on NCLAN activities was prepared.
A-21
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STRATOSPHERIC MODIFICATION
1987 J>rpgranL Request
The Agency requests a total of $895,000 for this program, all of which is
for the Research and Development appropriation. This represents an increase of
$93,200 in Research and Development funds, reflecting an Increased emphasis on
research pertaining to the effects of UV-B radiation on health and welfare.
Provide Scientific Data to Determine the Impact of the Quality of Global and
Hicro-environnientgon Public Health and the Environment. In response to increased
emphasis on theglobal impacts of pollution, efforts to assess the health and envi-
ronmental effects of UV-B radiation will be continued. Studies will be conducted
to better quantify UV-B effects on marine and terrestrial ecosystem components after
completion of similar studies on several major crops. Work will continue on health
effects and on various control approaches for use in potential regulatory actions.
1986 Program
In"1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $801,800 for this program,
all of which is from the Research and Development appropriation.
Studies are being initiated to determine the effects of UV-B radiation on
human health and welfare, with emphasis on the effect of UV-B on wheat and other
crops.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $804,700 supported by 2.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $104,900 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $699,800 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
A journal article was published on the response of estuarine diatom assem-
blages to UV-B radiation.
A-22
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Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
AIR
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards A-24
Emission Standards & Technology Assessment...... A-27
Pollutant Strategies & Air Standards Development........ A-28
State Program Policy Guidelines & Regulations Development........ A-29
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy A-31
Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization...... A-33
Testing, Technical & Administrative Support A-34
Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance A-35
State Programs Resource Assistance A-37
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants)..... A-39
Training A-41
Air Quality Management Implementation............ . A-43
Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment A-48
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring A-50
Air Quality & Emissions Data Management & Analysis A-52
A-23
-------
PROGRAM
AIR
Air Duality % Stationary Source Planning R Standards
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
r\j
*»
Emission Standards *
Technology Assessment
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$4,69(1.1
$7,279.1
TOTAL $11,919.2
Pollutant Strategies *
Air Standards
Development
Salarips £ Expenses
Abatement (iOntrol and
Compl rands
TOTAL
State Program Policy
Guideli.nns ^
Regulations development
Salaries S Expenses
Ahatempnt Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salarips * Expenses
Ahatempnt Control and
ComplIP nee
Air Qiwlity ?< TOTAL
Stationary Source
Planning «< Standards
$2,824.4
$6,688.5
S423.6
$10,741.2
$10,477.1
I $5,898.1
$7,597.3 $10,797.3
-$253.5 $5,644.6 $5,101.5 -$543.1
-$464.3 $10,333.0 $8,243.3 -$2S089.7
$16,695.4 -$717.8 $15,977.6 $13,344.8 -$2,632.8
» $5,610.9 -$241.4 $I»,369.5 $4,164.4 -$1820S.1
'., 377.0 $?,3/7.H -.UU2.2 t2,2/4.8 $3,107.11 $832. ?
5,306.0 $7,987.9 -$343.6 $7,644.3 $7,271.4 -$372.9
$2,265.4 $2,265.4
$524.5 $524.5
-$97.5 $2,167.9 $2,265.4 $97.5
-$22.5 $502.0 $505.7 $3.7
$2,7«9.9 $2,789.9 -$120.0 $2,669.9 $2,771.1 $101.2
$10,818.8 $13,774.4
$10,498.8 $13,698.8
-$592.4 $13,182.0 $11,531.3 -$1,650.7
-$589.0 $13,109.8 $11,856,0 -$1,253.8
*?1,2W.3 $21,317.6 $27,473.2 -Jl.lRl.4 $26,291.R $23,3R7.3 -$2S904.5
-------
AIR
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning 8 Standards
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Emission Standards ft
Technology Assessment
Pollutant Strategies *
Air Standards
Development
State Program Policy
Guidelines &
Regulations Development
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
94.2
74.6
44.6
89.7
81.8
40.1
213.4 Z1U6
128.7
98.8
40.1
267.6
128.7
98.8
40.1
98,7
87.8
40.1
-30.0
-11.0
267.6 226.6
-41.0
TOTAL WOP.KYEARS
Emission Standards *
Technology Assessment
Pollutant Strategies fi
A1r Standards
Development
State Program Policy
Guidelines &
Regulations development
98.9
80.3
47.6
96.5
85.4
45.9
135.5
102.4
45.9
135.5 105.5
102.4
45.9
91.4
45.9
-30.0
-11.0
TOTAL HORKYEARS
226.8 227.8
283.8
283.8 242.8
-41.0
-------
AIR
Air Quality and Stationary Source Planning and Standards
Budget^ Request
The Agency requests a total of $23,387,300 supported by 242.8 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $2,904,500 and 41.0 total workyears from 1986. Of the
request, $11,531,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$11,856,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, de-
creases of $1,650,700 and $1,253,800, respectively.
Program. Description
The program areas under this subactlvity Include:
Em1ssi on Standards and Tecjinology Assessment This program provides for the
establishment, review, andrevision of national emission standards for stationary
sources under Sections 111 and 112 of the Clean Air Act. Section 111 requires EPA
to establish New Source Performance Standards (NSPSs). Section 112 authorizes
National Emission Standards for Hazardous A1r Pollutants {NESHAPs).
NSPSs reflect the performance of the best control systems for reducing mis-
sions. The standards are set taking Into consideration technical feasibility, and
cost, as well as economic, energy, and environmental impacts. The background
Information published as part of the process for setting NSPSs provides useful
data to State agencies in defining best available control technology, when such
determinations of appropriate control levels must be made under other sections of
the Clean Air Act.
NESHAPs protect the public from pollutants that cause or contribute to air
pollution that results 1n an increase In mortality or an increase in serious
illness.
Pol1utant Strategles and Air Standards Development The major activities of
this program include; (T] regular revlew and revfsi on, as appropriate, of all
existing National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs); (2) Identification and
assessment of potential hazardous air pollutants, Including the determination as to
the appropriateness of a listing under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act; and (3)
the overall coordination, development, and review of air policies and strategies
including work on emerging issues such as acid deposition and stratospheric ozone
depletion.
StateProgram PolicyGuidelines andRegulations Development This program
incluies?(I) dareTopmentof guidelinesandregulations that set forth require-
ments for air pollution control programs implemented by the States under the Clean
Air Act; and (2) overview of the development and implementation of State and local
air pollution control programs. The State and local programs provide for the
attainment and maintenance of NAAQSs, prevention of significant deterioration of
air quality in clean areas, and the protection of visibility in national parks and
wilderness areas. The overview carried out under this program helps ensure con-
sistency among EPA Regional Offices, States, and local agencies In carrying out
the requirements of the Clean Air Act.
A-26
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EMISSION STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $13,344,800 supported by 105.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,101,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $8,243,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents decreases of $543,100 and $2,089,700, respectively, and 30.0
total workyears. These decreases reflect anticipated completion of a one year
effort in FY 1986 to accelerate the NSPS process.
The major program emphasis in 1987 will be reducing emissions from sources of
hazardous air pollutants. This includes source assessments to support section 112
listing decisions for potentially hazardous pollutants and development of NESHAPs.
During 1987, NESHAPs promulgations include two new NESHAPs for benzene (coke oven
by-product plants) and coke oven emissions (wet charging and topside leaks). A
revised standard for asbestos (demolition and renovation) will be proposed. Con-
tinued NESHAPs work includes further development of new standards for sources of
chromium, cadmium, butadiene, carbon tetrachloride, perchloroethylene, methylene
chloride, chloroform, ethylene oxide, ethylene dichloride, trichloroethylene, and
three new hazardous air pollutants for which decisions are expected in 1986. The
program will also continue to provide implementation support to States as part of
the Agency's air toxics strategy whereby decisions on the control of selected air
pollutants will be made by individual States rather than through Federal NESHAPs.
In 1987, efforts are continuing to complete NSPSs for all source categories
required by the Clean Air Act. Promulgations of 15 NSPSs (12 new standards; three
revisions) covering 12 additional priority list source categories are scheduled in
1987. One new NSPS is scheduled for proposal. Developmental work will continue
on three NSPSs.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $15,977,600 supported by 135.5
total workyears to this program, of which $5,644,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $10,333,000 is from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
In 1986, NSPS development is continuing. Proposals for 14 NSPSs (12 new
standards; two revisions) and promulgation of 10 NSPSs (six new standards; four
revisions) are scheduled for 1986 covering six additional priority list source
categories. In addition, three NSPS reviews are being completed. Other activity
includes the completion of auto surface coating and size-specific particulate
matter (PM^Q) assessments and two Control Technology Documents (lead and volatile
organic compounds) and work on the remaining NSPS source categories on the priority
list.
Proposal of one NESHAP for coke oven emissions (wet charging and topside
leaks) is scheduled in 1986. Five NESHAPs, one for arsenic glass manufacturing,
one for low arsenic feedstock copper smelters, one for high arsenic feedstock
copper smelters, and revisions to the NESHAPs for vinyl chloride and mercury are
scheduled for promulgation. Source assessments for several compounds are also
being completed to support listing decisions in 1986. Ongoing NESHAPs development
includes standards for sources of chromium, asbestos, benzene (coke by-product
plants), cadmium, butadiene, carbon tetrachloride, perchloroethylene, ethylene
oxide, ethylene dichloride, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, and chloroform.
The program will also provide implementation support to States to ensure adequate
control of selected toxic air pollutants/source categories.
A-27
-------
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $11,919,200 supported by 98.9 total
workyears, of which $4,690,100 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $7,229,100 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The
contract resources were used to continue work related to setting NSPSs and NESHAPs.
In 1985, work continued on setting NSPSs for source categories on EPA's priority
list. NSPS activity included: proposal of three NSPS revisions; promulgation of
six new standards covering six additional priority list source categories; revisions
to five NSPSs; and completion of three reviews of existing NSPSs. Also, a Control
Technique Guideline was completed for air oxidation.
Work continued toward promulgation of NESHAPs for three sources of arsenic.
Work also continued on NESHAPs proposals including coke ovens (wet charging and
topside leaks), and revision to the NESHAPs for asbestos demolition and renovation.
Revisions to the NESHAPs for mercury and vinyl chloride were proposed in 1985.
Other NESHAPs activity included continuing standard development work on benzene
(coke by-product plants), and new work on cadmium, chromium, butadiene, and carbon
tetrachloride. In addition, source assessments for five chemical compounds were
completed.
POLLUTANT STRATEGIES AND AIR STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,271,400 supported by 91.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,164,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,107,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents a decrease of $1,205,100 and an increase of $832,200 respec-
tively, and a decrease of 11.0 total workyears. The additional contract funds
will provide for guidance documents and workshops in support of the State air
toxics programs. The decreases reflect a more streamlined approach to providing
direct Federal support to State and local agencies.
Promulgation of a revised participate matter NAAQS is planned for 1987. Also,
in 1987, a NAAQS revision or reaffirmation for lead is planned to be proposed and a
revised or reaffirmed NAAQS for sulfur dioxide 1s expected to be promulgated.
The development of regulatory impact analyses for ozone will be completed and the
development of a fine particle secondary NAAQS will be underway. The next round of
reviews for carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide will begin. Regulatory decisions
will be made for 8-12 potential hazardous pollutants. Involvement in air toxics
activities will continue. This includes support for the implementation of the
National Air Toxics Strategy, operation of the Air Toxics Clearinghouse to support
State programs, conducting workshops, providing information on health, exposure and
risk assessment, and support to ensure adequate control of localized air toxics
problems that may not be suitable for a national regulatory program. Other activi-
ties include (1) continued analyses of acid rain policy and implementation Issues;
and (2) decisions on the actions needed to control chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emis-
sions.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,644,300 supported by 102.4
total workyears for this program. Of this amount, $5,369,500 is from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $2,274,800 is from the Abatement, Control and Compli-
ance appropriation.
A-28
-------
Revision or reaffirmation of the NAAQS for sulfur dioxide is expected to be
proposed in 1986. Reviews of the NAAQS for particulate matter, lead, and ozone are
underway. Pollutant assessment activities are to result in regulatory decisions
for 13 substances. Work is continuing on a number of other pollutants scheduled
for regulatory decisions in 1987. Other activities include: implementation of the
Air Toxics Clearinghouse; health, exposure, risk, and source prioritization sup-
port for the NESHAPs program; a report on nationally important candidates for the
direct Federal regulatory program; and support to State and local programs on air
toxics problems.
Work is continuing on acid rain policy and implementation issues and exploration
of the magnitude of the CFC problem.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,688,500 supported by 80.3 total
workyears, of which $3,864,100 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $2,824,400 was from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
Reviews of the NAAQSs for carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were promulgated
in 1985 and work was underway to propose appropriate revisions to the NAAQSs for
sulfur dioxide, lead, and ozone. In addition, work continued toward final action
on review of the NAAQS for particulate matter. In the pollutant assessment area,
work continued on the health and risk assessment of potentially toxic air pollutants
to determine the need for regulations. Listing decisions were published for 11
compounds in 1985. Other activities included the initiation of full operation of
the Air Toxics Clearinghouse. In addition, the National Air Toxics Strategy was
announced and initial implementation begun. Work continued on acid rain policy and
implementation issues and a comprehensive CFC action strategy was developed and
adopted.
STATE PROGRAM POLICY GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS DEVELOPMENT
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $2,771,100 supported by 45.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,265,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $505,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents increases of $97,500 and $3,700, respectively, and no
change in total workyears. The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as
part of government-wide deficit reductions.
In 1987, the program will continue to provide national direction, management,
and assistance to the national air quality management effort. The program will
also develop regulations, policies, and technical guidance to support the implemen-
tation of revised NAAQSs for lead and sulfur dioxide, as well as for a variety of
other critical issues such as stack heights and PM^Q. Regulatory actions are
expected to Include promulgation of regulations associated with revised or re-
affirmed NAAQSs for particulate matter and sulfur dioxide. Revised National Air
Audit criteria will be provided to the Regions for their use in conducting State
and local agency audits at the biennual frequency initiated in 1986. A national
audit report will be published. Management of the new source review and prevention
of significant deterioration programs will also continue. This will encompass
technical analysis and support of litigation including promulgation of visibility
Part II regulations and rulemaking on ship, emissions. In addition, management of
the State Implementation Plan (SIP) process will continue, together with the man-
agement and overview of the post 1982 attainment program and additional emphasis
on areas not likely to meet the 1987 attainment date for ozone. The operation of
the control strategies clearinghouse for volatile organic compounds will be contin-
ued. A program to provide implementation guidance of the multi-year air toxics
plan will continue.
A-29
-------
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,669,900 supported by 45.9
total workyears for this program, of which $2,167,900 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $502,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1986, regulations to implement SIP requirements for a revised or reaffirmed
sulfur dioxide NAAQS are expected to be proposed. Program guidance, policy papers,
and technical information are also being developed on a variety of issues including
SIP revisions for post 1982/1987 attainment, sulfur dioxide, stack heights, PMjo
implementation, and visibility. The new source review program is continuing to
provide permit assistance and litigation support. Other rulemaking activities
include the proposal of visibility Part II and vessel emissions regulations and
promulgation of fugitive emissions regulations and the listing of strip mines.
Guidance and assistance is also being provided to the Regional Offices in SIP
management. Technical analysis of volatile organic compound controls, partial-
lates, sulfur dioxide, lead, and other critical issues is being provided. The
National Air Audit System is being continued in order to provide effective evalua-
tion and review of State air programs, with audits shifting from an annual to
biennual frequency. Acid rain Implementation options are being evaluated and
guidance provided on selected issues. Guidance 1s being provided to Improve
State and local toxics program capability consistent with the national air toxics
strategy.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,610,600 supported by 47.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,187,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $423,600 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
National management and evaluation of all major SIP programs continued in 1985.
Program guidance, policy papers, and technical Information were developed on a
variety of issues Including post-1982/87 attainment, lead, PMiQ, and sulfur dioxide.
Policy guidance and program assistance were continued for the areas that had been
granted attainment date extensions for the ozone and carbon monoxide NAAQSs. Lead
SIPs were developed in accordance with the schedule and requirements of the litiga-
tion settlement agreement. Rulemaking accomplishments included proposal of regula-
tions to Implement revised participate matter NAAQSs; proposal and promulgation of
stack heights regulations; proposal and promulgation of Part I visibility regula-
tions; proposal of prevention of significant deterioration regulations listing
strip mines; proposal of fugitive emissions rulemaking; and promulgation of regu-
lations to resolve the Section 126 petitions. New source review program guidance
was provided and the National Air Audit System was implemented for five program
areas (air quality planning, new source review, compliance assurance, air moni-
toring, and vehicle inspection/maintenance). Revised National Air Audit criteria
were developed and a national air audit report was prepared.
A-30
-------
PROGRAM
AIR
'lohile Source Air Pollution Control ft Fuel Economy
ACTUAL
1185
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
to
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment X
Characterization
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Testing, Technical &
Administrative Support
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Oral3$ions 3 Fuel
Economy fwrn
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL:
Salaries < Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Mobile Jource Air
Pollution Control *
Fuel Fconomy
$3,512.2 $3,592.3 $3,804.5
$2,009.3 $2,817.6 $4,217.6
-$lfi3.6 $3,640.9 $3,989.3 $348.4
-$181.3 $4,036.3 $3,436.4 -$599.9
TOTAL $5,821.5 $6,409.9 18,022.1 -$344.9 $7,677.2 $7,425.7 -$251.5
$5,4DR.2 $4,885.3 $4,926.6
$900.0 $900.0 $900.0
$211.9 $4,714.7 $4,861.6 $146.9
-$38.7 $861.3 $900.0 $38.7
TOTAL $6,308.2 $5,785.3 .$5,826.6 -$250.6 $5,576.0 $5,761.fi $185.6
$1,640.7 $1,600.8 $1,633.3
$35.0 $35.0 $35.0
-$70.0 $1,563.3 $1,600.3
-$1.5 $33.5 $35.0
TOTAL $1,675.7 $1,635.8 $1,668.3 -$71.5 $1,596.8 $1,635.3
$10,561.1 $10,078.4 $10,364.4
$2,944.3 $3,752.6 $5,152.6
-$445.5 $9,918.9 $10,451.2
4221.5 $4,931.1 $4,371.4
$37.0
$1.5
$38.5
$532.3
-$559.7
TOTAL $13,505.4 $13,R31.0 $15,517.0 -$667.0 $14,850.0 $14,822.6 -$27.4
-------
AIR
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment $
Characterization
Testing, Technical 3
Administrative Support :
Emissions * Fuel
Economy Compliance
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
TOTAL WORI'.YEARS
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment 8
Characterization
Testing, Technical fl
Administrative Support
Emissions ft Fuel
Economy Compliance
TOTAL WORI'.YEARS
ACTUAL
1985
65.3
89.6
32.0
186.9
71.8
93.1
33.0
197.9
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
63.9
92.0
33.0
188.9
71.9
93.6
33.3
198.8
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
70.4
94.0
34.0
198.4
78.4
95.6
34.3
208.3
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
70.4
, 94.0
34.0
198.4
78.4
95.6
34.3
208.3
ESTIMATE
1987
69.9
92.0
33.0
194.9
77.9
93.6
33.3
204.8
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-0.5
-2.0
-1.0
-3.5
-0.5
-2.0
-1.0
-3.5
-------
AIR
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control and Fuel Economy
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,822,600 supported by 204.8 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $27,400 and 3.5 total workyears from 1986. Of the request
$10,451,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $4,371,400 will
be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase of $532,300
and a decrease of $559,700, respectively.
Program Pescriptipn
This subactivity includes the following mobile source programs:
Emission Standards, Technical Assessment and Characterization This program
provides the standards development and analysis required for the control of mobile
source emissions, as required by the Clean Air Act. Work is also carried out to
improve fuel economy testing procedures and evaluate fuel economy retrofit devices,
as required by the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act. This program
is responsible for developing both light-duty vehicle and heavy-duty engine stan-
dards for the control of evaporative and exhaust emissions. Other major program
activities include: characterization of toxic emissions, assessment of emissions
control technology, technical assistance to the States for implementation of local
control programs, assessment of actual emissions levels from in-use vehicles, analy-
sis of the current and prospective impacts of motor vehicle emissions on air quality,
and assessment of alternative fuels and technologies as a means of reducing air
pollution from mobile sources.
Testing, Technical, and Administrati ve Support -- This program provides "basic
testing, technical, and administrativesupport to the mobile source operating
programs of EPA,
Emissions and Fuel Economy Compliance This program implements the emissions
certification and compliance requirements of the Clean Air Act and the fuel economy
information and compliance requirements of the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost
Savings Act. As part of this program, fuel economy information is made available
to the consumer through the mile per gallon values published in the Gas Mileage
Guide and on new vehicle labels.
EMISSION STANDARDS.TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT, AND CHARACTERIZATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,425,700 supported by 77.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,989,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,436,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria*
tion. This represents an increase of $348,400 for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation, a decrease of $599,900 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion and a decrease of 0,5 in total workyears. The increase reflects support for
in-house activities related to diesel emissions control. The decreases reflect
changes in developing controls for toxic air pollutants.
The standards program in 1987 will continue emphasis on controlling ozone
precursors and air toxics. The regulatory program will concentrate on control of
evaporative and refueling emissions, excess hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, formalde-
hyde, and particulates. An advance notice for modifying diesel fuel composition
will be published. Accelerated work on the fuel and fuel additive test protocols
will result in a notice by the end of 1987. With the implementation of lead phase-
A-33
-------
down, additional work will focus on alternatives to leaded gasoline. Testing of
in-use vehicles will continue to assess the emissions performance of the in-use
fleet. Data from the testing will be used to refine air quality projections and
update the mobile source emissions estimation program. Work will continue on
heavy-duty diesel trap technology with the Implementation of prototype trap
regeneration systems and close monitoring of industry research efforts. Support to
the development of State Implementation Plans (SIPs) will continue, especially .with
respect to Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) programs, A total of 15 formal audits and
follow-ups of State and local I/M programs will be completed.
1986 PTogram
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,677,200 supported by 78.4
total workyears for this program, of which $3,640,900 is from the Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation and $4,036,300 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
During 1985, the standards for heavy-duty engine nitrogen oxides and particu-
late emissions were promulgated. Implementation of these technology forcing stan-
dards, which contribute to the control of air toxics, is requiring continued support
during 1986 to help ensure the development of particulate traps. Work has been
started to characterize formaldehyde emissions from catalyst-equipped vehicles.
The persistence of a severe ozone problem in many parts of the country spurred
activity to deal with the control of excess HC emissions. In addition to the work
on evaporative emissions control during refueling which may result irr proposing
control alternatives, work has also begun on a strategy to control other excess
evaporative HC emissions from motor vehicles. A study that may lead to a proposed
rulemaking will be completed by the end of 1986. The program continues to provide
implementation assistance and review of SIPs, particularly as they relate to I/M.
In 1985 and 1986 a process of periodic I/M program audits has continued to assess
the effectiveness of State and local I/M programs. Additional work focuses on
the testing of in-use vehicles, including the evaluation of new technology vehicles.
Characterization of emissions from vehicles powered by alternative fuels continues.
Work also continues on a rulemaking which will establish standards and a test
procedure for methanol fueled vehicles. Standards for these vehicles will be
proposed in 1986. A systematic review of the heavy-duty standards for HC, carbon
monoxide and particulate matter will be initiated in 1986 for potential revision
in 1987 and beyond.
1985 Accomp1i shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,521,500 supported by 71.8 total
workyears, of which $3,512,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$2,009,300 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Standards development resulted in promulgation of technology forcing standards
for heavy-duty engine emissions of particulates and nitrogen oxides. Efforts re-
lated to heavy-duty engine emissions also included preparation for implementation
of standards for evaporative hydrocarbon emissions, and standards for exhaust hydro-
carbon and carbon monoxide emissions. Support was furnished to States for the
I/M portions of SIPs. Audits were completed for 10 I/M programs. Two fuel economy
retrofit devices were tested and evaluated.
TESTING. TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $5,761,600 supported by 93.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,861,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $900,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This represents an increase of $146,900 in the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation, an increase of $38,700 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion and a decrease of 2.0 in total workyears. The decrease in total workyears
reflect changes in support provided to the mobile testing program. The increase
A-34
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in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation will fund higher personnel costs. The
increase in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation reflects adjustments
to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions.
This program will provide testing, technical, and administrative support to
the operating programs of the Office of Mobile Sources at the EPA Motor Vehicle
Emissions Laboratory (MVEL) located in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Approximately 1,000
tests will be performed on prototypes, 1,600 tests on in-'use vehicles, and 100
tests oh heavy-duty engines. Activities that will be supported include recall,
tampering and fuel switching, standard setting, emissions characterization, tech-
nology assessment, fuel economy, in-use vehicle emissions assessment, and motor
vehicle emission certification. The support that will be provided includes: auto-
mated data processing (ADP) timesharing services, laboratory data acquisition, and
computer operations; testing of motor vehicles to measure emissions and fuel economy;
quality control and correlation services for EPA and industry testing programs;
maintenance and engineering design of emission testing equipment; and personnel,
administrative, safety, and facilities support services. Testing and analysis of
approximately 2,000 fuel samples collected for enforcement purposes will continue.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,576,000 supported by 95.6
total workyears for this program., of which $4,714,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $861,300 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. Testing and technical support activities now operate at a level
where significant economies of scale can be obtained.
Testing support to the certification and fuel economy labeling and compliance
program continues, with 1,000 tests scheduled for these purposes. An additional
1,840 tests of in-use light-duty vehicles at the MVEL support the following programs:
recall, surveillance, tampering and fuel switching, and emission factor^development.
Testing also includes support for the heavy-duty engine emission factors and stan-
dard-setting program. Correlation programs ensure consistency among EPA and
manufacturer test facilities. Personnel, facility support services, safety, ADP,
and administrative management functions are provided for at the MVEL.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,308,200 supported by 93.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $5,408,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $900,000 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro^
priation.
During 1985, the program continued to increase testing and vehicle procurement
at the MVEL. A total of 2,637 tests were performed at the laboratory during the
year. Test results were used by all mobile source programs to support regulatory
and enforcement activities.
EMISSIONS AND FUEL ECONOMY COMPLIANCE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,635,300 supported by 33.3 workyears for
this program, of which $1,600,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $35,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of $37,000 In the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
an increase of $1,500 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation and a
decrease of 1.0 in total workyears. The workyear decrease, is related to reductions
in work assessing the adequacy of certification requirements to ensure durable
emission control systems. The increases reflect adjustments to the 1986 base as
part of government-wide deficit reductions.
A-35
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The emissions and fuel economy compliance program will continue to issue
approximately 600 certificates of compliance during the year. Certification
engineering review will continue to deter the production of vehicle designs not
capable of meeting emission standards. Participation in the certification program
by importers for resale is expected to continue to increase. The fuel economy
information and compliance program will generate information for the Gas Mileage
Guide, calculate fuel economy labels, and calculate each manufacturer's Corporate
Average Fuel Economy (CAFE). The in-use technology assessment program will continue
the examination of continuing durability of control technology at high, mileage.
The objective is to improve the effectiveness of the certification program in
reducing high mileage in-use noncompliance.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,596,800 supported by 34.3
total workyears for this program, of which $1,563,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $33,500 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
Approximately 600 certificates of compliance with emission standards will be
issued. The Agency is continuing to streamline the certification process by
revising requirements to reduce the burden on industry without sacrificing emissions
reductions. Programs to assess the performance of high mileage in-use vehicles in
order to develop improved ways to assure high-mileage compliance with standards
are underway. The fuel economy program continues to generate 1,000 to 1,100 fuel
economy labels a year, data for the Gas Mileage Guide, and 50 CAFE calculations.
1985 Accomp11s hme n t s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,675,700 supported by 33.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,640,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $35,000 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
Certificates of compliance were issued for 592 engine families. The fuel
economy program produced 1,151 fuel economy labels and performed 78 CAFE calcula-
tions. Increased effort was devoted to revise the fuel economy program to more
closely approximate in-use results, improve the labeling data base, and reduce
the manufacturers' reporting costs.
A-36
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AIR
State Programs Resource Assistance
PROGRAM
Control Agency Resource
Supplementation
(Section 105 Grants)
Abatement Control and
CompT lance
TOTAL
Training
> Salaries & Expenses
w Abatement Control and
Compl 1 ance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
State Programs TOTAL
Resource Assistance
PERMANENT MflRKYF.ARS
Training
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
$90,486.0
$90,486.0
$230.6
$507.0
$737.6
$230.6
$90,993.0
$91 , 223.fi
4.0
4.0
BUORET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS
$95,034.0
$95,034.0
$234,5
$234.5
$234.5
$95,034,0
$95,268.5
4,0
4.0
ENACTED
1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$100,034.0
$100,034.0
$234.5
$500.n
$734.5
$234.5
$100,534.0
$100,768.5
4.0
4.0
BALANCED
BUDGET
REOHCTION
-$4,301.5
-$4,301.5
-$10.2
-$21.5
-$31.7
-$10.2
-$4,323.0
-$4,333.2
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$95,732.5
$95,732.5
$224.3
$478.5
$702.8
$224.3
$96,211.0
$96,435.3
4.0
4.0
ESTIMATE
1987
$95,000.0
$95,000.0
$234.5
$234.5
$234.5
$95,000.0
$95,234.5
4.0
4.0
INCREASE +
OECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-$732.5
-$732.5
$10.2
-$478.5
-$4fi8.3
$10.2
-$1,211.0
-$1,200.8
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I
oo
AIR
State Programs Resource Assistance
TOTAL HORKYF.ARS
Training
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
4.0
4.0
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
4.0
4.0
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
4.0
4.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1936
480
4,0
ESTIMATE
1987
4.0
4.0
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-------
AIR
State Programs Resource Assistance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $95,234,500 supported by 4.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,200,800 and no change in total workyears from 1986. Of
the request, $234,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$95,000,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, re-
presenting an increase of $10,200 in the Salaries and Expense appropriation and a
decrease of $1,211,000 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Program Description
This subactivity provides financial support to State and local air pollu-
tion control agencies, including air quality programs for Indian lands, for
the prevention, abatement, and control of air pollution. The primary objective
of this subactivity is to support the development and implementation of effective
State and local programs for the attainment and maintenance of the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs), in accordance with provisions of the Clean
Air Act.
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants) Direct grants
to control agencies that have major roles 1n developing and carrying out programs
under the Clean Air Act constitute the major form of EPA resource assistance.
Direct grants are supplemented by the training of State and local air pollution
control personnel and the provision of services of contractors for specific tasks
identified by the States and localities. The grants support State and local activi-
ties which develop State Implementation Plans (SIPs) for the attainment and main-
tenance of the NAAQSs;- enforce source emission regulations and requirements con-
tained within the SIPs; review and permit new sources; monitor ambient air quality
for assessing environmental quality and progress; and develop data bases necessary
for regulatory decisions. In addition, these funds promote the assumption and
Implementation of other Clean Air Act responsibilities, including those for
the prevention of significant deterioration (PSD), protection of visibility and
the implementation of New Source Performance Standards (NSPSs) and National Emis-
sion Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs). Finally, these funds help
control agencies to develop and enhance air toxics programs for assessing and
mitigating exposures consistent with the recently published national strategy.
Training -- Traditionally, resource assistance is further supplemented by
the provision of training in specialized areas of air pollution control. New
courses are developed as needed, instruction manuals and materials are revised
and updated, and manuals and Instructional materials are provided to university
training centers. The EPA staff works with university centers to develop State
and local self-sufficiency in training by offering courses at area training
centers.
CONTROL AGENCY RESOURCE SUPPLEMENTATION (SECTION 105 GRANTS)
198 7 P rpgram Reguest
The Agency requests a total of $95,000,000, all of which will be for the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents a decrease of
$732,500. This decrease reflects completion of the acid precipitation emissions
inventory .project*
A-39
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This grant will be Included 1n an anticipated legislative proposal for block
grants designed to give States more flexibility and autonomy in administering
environmental programs. In 1987, States are expected to continue to emphasize
the following activities. States will implement Inspection and source compliance
programs, continuing .to emphasize NESHAPs and Class B volatile organic compound
(VOC) sources in nonattainment areas. States will maintain the National Air
Monitoring System (NAMS) and State and Local Air Monitoring System (SLAMS) net-
works, replacing additional poor instruments and continuing necessary modifica-
tions to collect sizespecific particulate matter (PMio) data. States will initiate
efforts for developing PMjg SIPs in high probability nonattainment areas.
Implementation of the national air toxics strategy will continue to be a
major priority for State and local air programs in 1987. State and local agencies
will continue to implement their multiple-year plans, building and expanding air
toxics programs consistent with the national strategy and EPA guidance. State and
local agencies will continue to undertake initiatives to evaluate and mitigate
exposures from high risk sources. Concerns about air toxics exposures in urban
areas having multiple sources and pollutants will continue to grow.* Programs to
start evaluating and addressing these concerns will commence in several areas In
1987. States will initiate the first phase of a several year program to prepare
comprehensive inventories and analyze exposure within complex geographic areas
expected to have significant multiple source and pollutant,Interactions. Grant
resources will also permit States to Implement a comprehensive program in urban
ozone nonattainment areas which are not anticipated to attain by 1987. Efforts
to assess controls, adopt new and increasingly stringent control measures, and
review the reductions achieved will ensure that effective progress in reducing VOC
emissions continues in these areas. States will start to develop and Implement the
corrective and/or additional measures necessary to achieve major progress.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $95,732,500 for this program,
all of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation* s
In 1986, States are continuing to develop and implement the multiple regulatory
programs necessary for the attainment of NAAQSs in areas missing the 1982 deadlines
or having extensions to 1987. States are also preparing necessary corrections to the
SIPs where State/EPA reviews of progress identify needed changes in attainment
strategies or new nonattainment problems are documented. States are preparing data
bases and analyses preparatory to the development of regulatory plans for PM^g when
the NAAQS is promulgated. Revisions to SIPs addressing EPA's revised stack height
regulations are being developed. States are also assuming responsibility for newly
promulgated NSPSs and NESHAPs.
States are continuing to fully operate and quality assure the NAMS/SLAMS
networks. A number of the more seriously deteriorated network monitors for ozone
and carbon monoxide are being replaced. States are continuing to modify existing
networks to collect data necessary for regulatory decisions and the development of
required PMjo SIPs, including the purchase of additional monitoring equipment for
determining PMio levels in probable nonattainment areas. Instrumentation is being
purchased for conducting limited background visibility monitoring in key Class I
areas as required by settlement of litigation against the Agency.
States are carrying out their Inspection and source monitoring programs for
assuring Initial and continuous compliance by stationary sources, including the
provision of timely and appropriate response to violations. Emphasis continues
to focus on violating VOC sources and sources subject to NESHAPs, including enforce-
ment of asbestos demolition and renovation requirements and inventories of Class B
sources. Grant resources are also supporting the implementation of ongoing in-use
vehicle regulatory programs and the development of a limited number of new programs
in nonattainment areas.
A-40
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State and local agencies are preparing multiple-year plans to build and enhance
air toxics programs, consistent with the national air toxics strategy, and are
initiating programs to implement these plans. They are also initating steps to
evaluate and mitigate exposures from certain high risk sources identified by EPA or
the State.
Specific projects to analyze and develop data bases and improve State inven-
tories as well as technical and institutional foundations for possible future acid
rain control strategies are continuing.
19851 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $90,486,000 to this program, all of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1985, air management efforts included analysis of the SIPs for areas missing
the December 1982 NAAQS attainment deadline; development and adoption of additional
regulations and programs in areas having extensions to 1987 for meeting the carbon
monoxide and ozone NAAQSs; and continued development of overdue SIPs for lead.
States continued the operation and quality assurance of the NAMS and SLAMS
networks. Selected States initiated programs to develop technical and institutional
foundations for possible future acid rain control strategies, including improvement
of data bases and evaluation of control options.
State compliance programs continued to focus efforts on assuring initial and
continuous compliance by stationary sources through improved inspection techniques
and continuous monitoring activities. Emphasis was placed on violating sources of
VOCs and sources subject to NESHAPs. States also negotiated and implemented efforts
to improve the Federal/State enforcement process described in their cooperative
agreements with EPA in defining "timely and appropriate" response to violating
sources.
TRAINING
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $234,500 supported by 4.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This request represents an increase of $10,200 in the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and a decrease of $478,500 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-
wide deficit reductions. This decrease reflects the Agency's decision that States
are capable of providing sufficient training in the basic aspects of air pollution
control.
In 1987, EPA will continue to manage the self-study training program. Tech-
nical support will be provided to States and Regions planning workshops and training
courses. In addition, existing courses will be updated using in-house skills.
19815 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $702,800 supported by 4.0 total
workyears for this program. Of this request, $224,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $478,500 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
Activities in 1986 include management of the self-study training program,
technical support to States and Regions planning workshops and training courses,
and updating of existing courses using in-house skills. Also, training courses
will be offered in the six area training centers covering high demand subject areas
and traineeships/ fellowships will be provided to selected control agency employees.
A-41
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1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $737,600 supported by 4.0 total
workyears for this program. Of the amount obligated, $230,600 was from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $507,000 was from the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation.
In 1985, a total of 43 training courses (28 regular scheduled courses and 15
special courses) were conducted covering 17 subject areas for 1007 students at
six area training centers and in Regional areas. Graduate tralneeships or fellow-
ships were provided for 19 control agency employees. In addition, three new
courses in the area of air toxics were prepared. Also, revised self-instructional
correspondence and classroom courses were prepared and made available to 1130
students.
A-42
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AIR
Air Quality Management Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDRET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
A1r Quality Management
Implementation
Salaries * Expenses $10 852.4 $11,780.8 $12,145.2 -$522.2 $11,623.0 $11,955.2 $332.2
Abatement Control and $300.2 $2^4.6 $694.6 -$29.9 $664.7 $294.6 -$370.1
Compliance
TOTAL $11,152.6 $12,075.4 $12,839.8 -$552.1 $12,287.7 $12,249.8 -$37.9
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses $10.852.4 $11.780.8 $12,145.2 -$522.2 $11,623.0 $11,955.2 $332.2
Abatement Control and $300.2 $294.6 $694.6 -$29.9 $664.7 $294.6 -$370.1
Compliance
A1r Quality Management TOTAL $11,152.6 M2.075.4 $12,839.8 -$552.1 $12,287.7 $12,249.8 -$37.9
Implementation
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
A1r Quality Management
Implementation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
263.7
263.7
275.2
275.2
281 .0
281.0
281.0
281,0
275.0
275.0
-6.0
-6.0
-------
TOTAL WORKYEARS
AIR
Air Quality Management Implementation
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
EWCTFD
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Air Quality Management
Implementation
TOTAL WORKYF.ARS
284.9
284.9
294.4
P.94.4
304.3
304,3
304,3
304.3
298.3
298.3
-6.0
-6.0
I
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AIR
Air Quality Management Implementation
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $12,249,800 supported by 298.3 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $37,900 and 6.0 total workyears. Of the request,
$11,955,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $294,600 will
be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase of
$332,200 and a decrease of $370,100, respectively.
Program Description
This subactivity provides resources for the operation and maintenance of
an air quality management program in each of the Agency's ten Regional Offices.
Under the Clean Air Act, the States have primary responsibility for preparing
attainment strategies and meeting the commitments for the development and imple-
mentation of multiple regulatory programs essential to the attainment and main-
tenance of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs). State strategies and
programs have to be revised when NAAQSs are modified, new standards established,
or deficiencies within the strategies are identified. The Regional program,
in partnership with State and local air pollution control agencies, has a major
responsibility for implementing the requirements of the Clean Air Act and related
EPA regulations governing the attainment and maintenance of the NAAQSs. The air
management program provides policy guidance and technical consultation to States,
helping them to prepare the strategies and regulatory programs. The program also
conducts the necessary regulatory review and coordination for approval within the
Federal Register of individual strategies and regulations in State Implementation
Plans (SIPs) submitted to EPA. The program also plays the principal role in nego-
tiating air quality program grants to State and local control agencies and auditing
the progress and effectiveness of these agencies in developing, implementing, and
enforcing regulatory programs. The program has major responsibilities for helping
States develop and implement programs for assessing and mitigating air toxics
exposures as required by the Agency's recently published national strategy.
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,249,800 supported by 298.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $11,955,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $294,600 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $332,200 and a decrease of $370,100,
respectively, and a decrease of 6.0 total workyears. The increase reflects in-
creased operationg costs for the program. The decreases reflect completion of
the guidance for tall stack and lead SIP revisions, as well as completion of
sitespecific integrated environmental pilot studies carried out in 1986.
The Regional air management program will continue efforts to restore environ-
mental quality, particularly the protection of public health within the remaining
nonattainment areas. Nonattalnment efforts will focus on the most severe ozone
areas which have the largest sensitive populations. Toward this end, Regions will
work with States to implement a comprehensive program within the major urban
nonattainment areas experiencing violations of the ozone standard and not antici-
pated to attain by 1987. Aggressive efforts by EPA and the States during 1987 to
assess controls, adopt new and increasingly stringent control measures, and review
the reductions achieved will ensure that effective progress In reducing volatile
organic compound (VOC) emissions continues in these areas. Support of State pro-
grams for regulating in-use vehicles will continue, reflecting the importance of
these programs to the attainment of standards. Regions will guide and assist
States in preparing SIPs for the anticipated size-specific particulate (PMio)
NAAQS Within the highest proability nonattainment areas. Regions will continue
A-45
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to place high priority on the Implementation of various elements of the national
air toxics strategy by promoting, assisting, and overseeing State and local agency
plans and activities for the development and Improvement of comprehensive air
toxics programs. Regions will help States Implement initiatives to gather data,
evaluate exposures, and develop regulations where appropriate for mitigating ex-
posure from high risk sources (including new sources to foster equity). Regions
will help States Initiate a multiple-year program to assess exposures and emis-
sions 1n selected complex geographic areas having multiple source/ pollutant Inter-
actions, including preparation of comprehensive inventories and analyses and the
development of mechanisms for reducing exposures*
Resources will be provided for continuing at the 1986 level the National A1r
Audit System (NAAS) for review of State air quality planning, new source review,
compliance assurance, air monitoring, and vehicle inspection/maintenance programs.
Other Regional programs such as negotiating and overseeing grant agreements consis-
tent with the Agency's performance-based grants policy, processing SIPs in an
expeditious manner to minimize backlog, and responding to litigation on SIPs, will
also continue.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $12,287,700 supported by 304.3
total workyears for this program, of which $11,623,000 1s from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $664,700 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The principal focus of the Regional air management program 1s the Implementa-
tion of the Agency's attainment policy for remedying deficient SIPs in areas
violating the NAAQSs. Guidance 1s being provided to States developing corrective
SIPs. Corrections are being reviewed for consistency and appropriate Federal
Register rules are being completed.
Resources are also being provided to assist States to develop and Implement
the necessary regulations and programs for attainment of NAAQSs within areas having
extensions of the attainment deadline for ozone and carbon monoxide. Also, resources
are being provided to help States define requirements, assess possible problems,
and prepare to respond to the anticipated NAAQS for
Other significant actions Include review and rulemaking on SIPs implementing
court-ordered regulatory changes on stack heights. The NAAS 1s continuing on a
biennial basis to evaluate State regulatory programs by reviewing half of the States
every year. State-submitted revisions to SIPs are being processed in an expeditious
manner, minimizing backlog. During 1985, the Agency completed and announced the
National Air Toxics Strategy. Consistent with the national toxics strategy,
Initiatives are being undertaken to help States prepare multiple-year plans to
build and enhance air toxics programs and to gather data needed to assess specific
high risk pollutant or source situations. Specific steps will be taken to negotiate
effective grant agreements with State and local agencies Implementing Agency
policy on performance- based grants.
1 985 Accompil 1 shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $11,152,600 supported by 284.9 total
workyears, of which $10,852,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
and $300,200 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1985, Regional air management efforts focused on the development, review,
and approval of State strategies, regulations, and actions 1n areas that missed the
1982 deadline or have extensions for attainment to 1987. Implementation of the
Agency policy for remedying deficient SIPs In areas violating the NAAQSs continued.
The Regional program also worked with a number of States to develop lead SIPs
consistent with provisions required by the settlement of litigation against the
Agency. The Regions completed review and approval or disapproval actions where
lead SIPs were submitted.
A-46
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Rulemaking actions for State strategies and revisions continued to be processed
in an efficient manner to prevent recurrence of any major SIP backlog. Also, the
program continued to negotiate air grants and carry out the NAAS for review of
State air quality planning, new source review, compliance assurance, air monitoring
and inspection/maintenance programs.
A-47
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PROGRAM
AIR
Trends Monitoring A Progress Assessment
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIHATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIHATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 ₯S 1986
(DOLLARS If! THOUSANDS)
I
DO
-Ambient Air quality
Monitoring
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Air Quality * Emissions
Data Management *
Analysis
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL:
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$3,534.9 $3,781.0 $3,732.9
$97.2 $114.2 $114.2
-$160.5 $3,572.4 $3,782.9
-$4.9 $109.3 $114.2
TOTAL $3,632.1 11,895.? $3,847.1 -$165.4 $3,681.7 $3,897.1
$3,306.0 $3,151.8 $4,637.2 -$199.4
$1,841.9 $1,274.3 $1,274.3 -$54.9
$4,437.8 $3,137.2
$1,219.4 $1,229.3
$6,840.9 $6,932.8 $8,370.1 -$359.9
$1,939.1 $1,388.5 $1,388.5 -$59.8
$8,010.2 $6,920.1
$1,328.7 $1,343.5
$210.5
$4.9
$215.4
-$1,300.6
$9.9
TOTAL $5,147.9 $4,426.1 $5,911.5 -$254.3 $5,657.2 $4,366.5 -$1,290.7
-$1,090.1
$14.8
Trends Monitoring ft
Progress Assessment
TOTAL $8,780.0 $8,321.3 $9,758.6 -$419.7 $9.338.9 $8,263.6 -$1,075.3
-------
AIR
Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
19R6
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring
Air Quality 4 Emissions
Data Management X
Analysis
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
86.2 84.-R 85.7
63.2 65.1 65.1
149.4 149.9 150.8
85.7
65.1
85.7
65.1
150.8 150.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Ambient Air Duality
Monitoring
A1r Duality * Emissions
Data Management &
Analysis
91.6
66.8
92.5
65.R
92.5
65.6
92.5 92.5
65.6 65.6
TOTAL WORKYEARS
158.4 158.1
158.1
158.1 158.1
-------
AIR
Trends Monitoring and Progress Assessment
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,263,600 supported by 158.1 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,075,300 and no change in total workyears from 1986. Of
the request $6,920,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$1,343,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, a
decrease of $1,090,100 and an increase of $14,800, respectively.
Prog ram Desen ption
This subactivity includes the following programs:
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Activity in thi's program includes: (1) EPA's
management overview of State ambient air quality monitoring networks, associated
laboratory and field quality assurance activities, and implementation of air moni-
toring strategies described in EPA air monitoring regulations; (2) the coordina-
tion of Regional and State field investigation activities for collecting ambient
air quality samples for subsequent sample analysis and related quality control;
(3) the review of source emissions data; and (4) the necessary management and
coordination to ensure timely storage and validation of the data collected.
Air Quality andEmissions Data Management and Analysis Major activities
include: (l) national c 60 rd i hat i on of Regional Office, State, and local ambient
monitoring, air quality modeling, and emission inventory programs; (2) issuance of
new and revised regulatory requirements and related technical guidance; (3)
development and operation of information management systems for storing, retrieving,
and analyzing ambient air quality and emission data at the State and national
level; and (4) preparation of trends analyses and related air quality and emission
progress assessments for program evaluation and development and for public informa-
tion needs.
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING
1987 Prog ram Reg uest
The Agency requests a total of $3,897,100 supported by 92.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,782,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $114,200 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This represents increases of $210,500 and $4,900, respectively and no change
in total workyears. The increases reflect- primarily increased operating costs for
the program.
In 1987, the EPA Regional Offices will continue overview and management of
State air monitoring programs, including review of grants made under section 105
of the Clean Air Act. They will also continue the coordination of data bases
involving emissions data, criteria pollutant air quality data, and related precision
and accuracy information necessary for quantifying data quality. Monitoring net-
works and data supporting highly controversial or technically difficult construc-
tion permits under the prevention of significant deterioration program will be
revi ewed.
The data bases from the National Air Monitoring System (NAMS) and State and
Local Air Monitoring System (SLAMS) networks will be validated for completeness
and accuracy. Approximately 100 new or revised NAMS sites will be visited, evalu-
ated, and documented. Data analyses, including air quality and emission trends
information, will be developed as input to various environmental management and
indicator efforts, Including the Regional Environmental Management Reports. In
the area of quality assurance, significant resources will be used for on-site
systems and performance.audits of State networks and monitors. In addition, the
A-50
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Regional labs will participate in the national air audit program* The start-up of
State networks for measurement of size-specific particulates (PMjo) will require
review of the NAMS and SLAMS networks, including site visits to verify compliance
with the new monitoring regulations.
Regional Offices will be involved in the implementation of the air toxics
monitoring strategy. This involvement will include coordinating with State and
local agencies and the EPA Office of Research and Development to set up additional
air toxics monitoring trend stations, assisting in site selection for monitoring
stations, and ensuring samples are collected and sent to a central laboratory for
analysis.
Resources will also provide monitoring/quality assurance support and technical
assistance to States in evaluating the impact of sources of specific toxic air
pollutants. These sources would be ones considered for regulation under State
control programs. Special ozone data analyses will be performed for selected
cities where attainment is not expected in 1987. Resources will be used for manage-
ment, coordination and technical assistance necessary to develop a toxic data base
in specific geographic areas. The support will include emission and air quality
data bases as well as ancillary information needed for modeling.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,681,700 supported by 92.5
total workyears for this program, of which $3,572,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $109,300 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1986, the Regions are continuing the baseline program of overview and
management of State emissions and air quality monitoring programs, including section
105 grants review. The Regions are continuing their program of on-site visits to
review and audit NAMS networks and a small percentage of SLAMS. The validation
and coordination of State and local air quality and emission data, before the data
are submitted to central EPA data banks, are also continuing. In 1986, special
emphasis is being placed on reviewing the data bases upon which attainment status
determinations will be made for the revised National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS) for PMiQ, The Regions and States are continuing their analysis of the
total monitoring network needed to support development of State Implementation
Plans (SIPs) for size-specific particulates and subsequent tracking of progress
and trends in meeting the revised NAAQS. The data needed for various environ-
mental management efforts are being compiled and displayed for use in determining
existing conditions, trends, and progress toward environmental objectives. Quality
assurance activities and auditing of State programs are continuing, with additional
emphasis placed on the National Air Audit System. The toxic air monitoring station
network is being operated in three cities.
1985 Accompl 1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $3,632,100 supported by 91.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,534,900 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $97,200 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Contract funds from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation were used
for Regional data analyses and preparation of the Regional Environmental Management
Reports,
Ths SLAMS networks were reviewed and an assessment of equipment needs made.
The Regional Offices continued to work with States, through the annual review
process, in identifying and eliminating air monitoring sites which have only
marginal utility or are the least useful in supporting- program decisions. The
Regions continued their programs of site visits to evaluate and document NAMS
stations, as well as a small percentage of SLAMS stations. Laboratories were
evaluated for proper operating and quality assurance procedures. The management,
coordination, and validation of State and local air quality and emission data
before submission to EPA's central data banks also continued.
A-51
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AIR QUALITY AND EMISSIONS DATAMANAGEMENT ANDANALYSIS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,366,500 supported by 65.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,137,200 will be for the Salaries and-Expenses appro-
priation and $1,229,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This represents a decrease of $1,300,600 and an increase of $9,900, respect-
ively, and no change in total workyears from 1986. The increase reflects adjustments
to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions. The decrease
reflects completion of the air quality subsystem and elements of the facility
subsystem of the Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS).
Existing air data systems will be maintained and guidance provided to users.
Monitoring regulations, modeling guidance, emission factors, and computer software
will be modified to accommodate changes to NAAQSs. The program also will produce
ambient and emission trends analyses and progress assessments, provide national
oversight of Regional Office and State and local air monitoring programs, and
manage the NAMS network. A fine participate monitoring strategy will be developed.
The program will also continue development of the facility subsystem of the AIRS
and bring the air quality subsystem into operation within EPA and selected control
agencies in preparation for phasing out the obsolete Storage and Retrieval of
Aerometric Data (SAROAD) system. Statistical analyses will be provided to support
new or revised NAAQSs.
In the area of air toxics, the program will continue to implement the national
toxics monitoring strategy. The Toxic Air Monitoring System (TAMS) network will be
expanded. Implementation of the Agency National Air Toxics Strategy will continue
with the development of guidelines on ambient monitoring and guidance for estimating
emissions and developing emissions inventories for several toxic pollutants and/or
source categories of concern to State or local agencies. In addition, the program
will provide specialized scientific data and guidance to States developing SIPs
for PMiQ. The program will also develop data and technical guidance to support new
and revised NAAQSs, with emphasis on rural ozone and fine participates. Specialized
analyses will also be conducted to assist in resolving remaining post-1982 nonattain-
ment problems.
In addition, emission factors for criteria pollutants will be updated for high
priority source categories and work will be completed on developing an emissions data
base for acid precipitation assessments. The modeling program will continue. This
includes active implementation of the modeling guideline, guidance and oversight of
modeling applications, impact analyses to support New Source Performance Standards
(NSPS), National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP), and
NAAQS development, and operation of the modeling clearinghouse for sulfur dioxide.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,657,200 supported by 65.6
total workyears for this program, of which $4,437,800 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,219,400 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
Improvements to the general monitoring regulations are being promulgated.
Also, revised monitoring regulations to reflect revisions to the NAAQSs for
particulate matter and sulfur dioxide are being proposed. Implementation of the
toxic pollution monitoring strategy is continuing with the expansion of the TAMS
network to two sites in each of the TAMS1 three cities;
The emissions program is concentrating on completing PM^g emission factors,
managing Regional Office and State efforts to develop an emissions data base
for acid preicpitation assessments, completing reports on dioxin emission tests,
and providing preliminary data for toxic pollutants. The modeling program is being
maintained. An updated modeling guideline is being promulgated, operation of the
sulfur dioxide Model Clearinghouse and other photochemical and dispersion modeling
guidance-activities are continuing, and the multi-year program to evaluate model
A-52
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accuracy is proceeding on schedule. Diffusion modeling support is continuing for
estimating the effect of toxic emissions on the environment as the Agency's air
toxics strategy is implemented. Development of the facility subsystem for AIRS has
been initiated. Development of the air quality subsystem will continue with testing
of software and preparation of data bases for conversion. Scientific analyses in
support of new and revised ambient and emission standards are continuing. Efforts
to develop the scientific data, monitoring regulations, emission factors, and other
technical guidance necessary for successful implementation of the proposed PMio
NAAQS will be continued.
1985 Accomp1i s hment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated $5,147,900 supported by 66.8 total workyears for
this program, of which $3,306,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,841,900 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Con-
tract funds supported the ambient monitoring program, the emission factor program,
air quality modeling, guidance for revised NAAQS implementation and trends reports
and analyses.
In 1985, emphasis continued on operating the existing air data systems, and on
providing support to 35 State and local agencies using EPA developed data systems.
Other major activities included preparation of special air quality and emission
analyses, statistics, and reports; national oversight of State and local monitoring
programs including on-site audits of 70 NAMS; and modeling guidance and support
including operation of the control strategies clearinghouse. Implementation of the
national strategy for air toxics monitoring continued, including preparation of
guidance on network design and operation; assessing progress in toxics monitoring by
Federal, State, and local agencies; and developing a long-term plan for the imple-
mentation of the toxics monitoring strategy. Emission tests were conducted to
support the National Dioxin Study. Also, in 1985, the program published one criteria
pollutant emission factor supplement and emission factors for five toxic substances.
PMio emission inventory guidance was also prepared. Development of the air quality
segment of AIRS continued with completion of software for maintaining the
geographical files, converting data, and retrieving data.
A-53
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Enforcement
SECTION TAB
-------
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
AIR
ENFORCEMENT
Stationary Source Enforcement....... A-55
Mobile Source Enforcement........... A-59
A-54
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AIR
Stationary Source Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Ul
ui
Stationary Source
Enforcement
Salaries * Expenses $10,790.7 $12,008.5 $11,883.0 -$511.1 $11,371,9 $12,155.8 $783.9
Abatement Control and $2,981.0 $3,038.0 $3,038.0 -$130.6 $2,907.4 $2,941.0 $33.fi
Compliance
TOTAL $13,771.7 $15,046.5 $14,921.0 -$641.7 $14,279.3 $15,096.8 $817.5
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses $10,790.7 $12,008.5 $11,R83.0 -$511.1 $11,371.9 $12,155.8 $783.9
Abatement Control and $2,981.0 $3,038.0 $3,038.0 -$130.6 $2,907.4 $2,941.0 $33.6
Compliance
Stationary Source TOTAL $13,771.7 $15,046.5 $14,921.0 -$641.7 $14,279.3 $15,096.8 $817.5
Enforcement
PERMANENT MORKYEARS
Stationary Source
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT MORKYEARS
282.0 291.0 291.4
282.0 291.0 291.4
291.4
291.4
297.4
297.4
6.0
6.0
TOTAL IfORKYFARS
Stationary Source
Enforcement.
297.3
312.5 312.4
312,4
318.4
6.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
2Q 7.3
312.5 312.4
312.4
318.4
6.0
-------
AIR
Stationary Source Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,096,800 supported by 318.4 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $817,500 and 6.0 total workyears from 1986. Of the request
$12,155,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $2,941,000
will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, increases of
$783,900 and $33,600, respectively.
Program Description'
The stationary source enforcement program provides direct Federal enforcement
and support to, and coordination with, State and local air pollution control agencies
as required to ensure that stationary sources achieve and maintain compliance with
the requirements of the Clean Air Act, as amended in 1977, The EPA headquarters
component provides national policy and guidance, while the Regional Office program
implements the enforcement effort and assists the States.
Stati onary Source Enforcement This program focuses primarily on enforce-
ment oftherequirements established in State Implementation Plans (SIPs) for
meeting National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs). The enforcement pro^
gram also focuses on new source programs such as New Source Performance Standards
(NSPSs) and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs).
As a result of industry efforts in controlling emissions and the effective-
ness of State, local, and Federal control programs, approximately 90 percent of
the more than 18,000 major stationary sources have achieved compliance with all
applicable emission limitations. Although the current rate of compliance repre-
sents a significant achievement, efforts must continue to ensure that remaining
sources come into compliance with present standards, that compliance is obtained
with any new or revised standards, and that compliance, once achieved, is main-
tained. EPA will continue to provide State and local agencies with technical
support in their efforts to realize these goals and, where appropriate, initiate
its own enforcement actions.
STATIONARY SOURCE ENFORCEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,096,800 supported by 318.4 total work-
years for this program, of which $12,155,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,941,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents Increases of $783,900 and $33,600, respectively,
and an increase of 6.0 total workyears. Increased resources will support a
pilot inspection project to determine whether intensive inspections of particulate
and volatile organic compound (VOC) sources can result in a major reduction in
air toxics.
In 1987, the stationary source compliance program will carry forward the basic
thrust of the program now being implemented in 1986. The program, working in close
cooperation with State and local agencies, will continue to ensure that noncomplying
significant sources in areas not meeting NAAQSs are brought into compliance, consis-
tent with the Clean Air Act. Enforcement actions will be brought against NSPSs,
NESHAPs, and prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) violators and against
Class A sources in nonattainment areas (i.e., sources with actual or potential
uncontrolled emissions of at least 100 tons per year).
Implementation of the asbestos demolition and renovation strategy will con-
tinue, as will initiatives to enforce other NESHAPs. Use of Continuous Emissions
Monitoring (CEM) data will be expanded in inspection targeting and enforcement.
The fundamental activities such as permitting and compliance functions for non-
A-56
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delegated programs, maintenance of data systems, participation in section 105
grant management and negotiation of State/EPA Agreements, review of State programs,
and response to formal inquiries will be maintained.
In 1987, the stationary source compliance program will be increasing its
efforts to enhance the compliance of VOC sources in ozone nonattainment areas.
This will include an intensified overview program with additional and more compre-
hensive inspections of VOC sources in selected ozone nonattainment areas.
A pilot project will also be initiated to determine whether intensive inspec-
tions of sources subject to current air pollution emission standards for particu-
lates and VOCs can result in a significant reduction in air toxics. Such intensive
inspections should result in greater attention to source operation and maintenance,
minimizing constant or cyclic emissions which in the aggregate present a signifi-
cant health risk, especially in "hot spot" areas comprising a multiplicity of
sources with such emissions.
During 1987, the Regional compliance program will continue to provide assis-
tance in selected Federal judicial referrals, consent decrees, and section 120
actions, there are plans to conduct an estimated 1,694 inspections, and issue
approximately 131. administrative orders during 1987,, The Regional Offices will
also provide training and workshops for State inspectors and support the develop-
ment of local compliance strategies.
In 1987, EPA Headquarters will develop policy guidance and planning and bud-
geting materials; review selected Regional activities and Regional program per-
formance; assure the enforceability of proposed Agency regulations under NSPSs,
NESHAPs, and new source/PSD programs; respond to formal inquiries; manage the
Compliance Data System; develop workshops, manuals, and pilot studies; and
manage a program to provide technical analysis and case support for Regional com-
pliance activities.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $14,279,300 supported by 312.4
total workyears to this program, of which $11,371,900 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,907,400 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The major focus of the stationary source compliance program in 1986 is to
ensure that noncomplying significant sources are brought into compliance. Efforts
to improve working relationships with State and local air pollution agencies and
to improve their technical capabilities are continuing through such program-building
activities as technical workshops and manuals, as well as direct case assistance
where requested. Federal enforcement action is focusing heavily on violating
sources in nonattainment areas, with particular emphasis on VOC sources. EPA is
working closely with States in this effort through implementation of Agency guid-
ance on timely and appropriate enforcement actions. Efforts are continuing to
improve the inventory of regulated VOC sources and information on source com-
pliance status. Efforts are also being directed at resolution of NSPS and NESHAP
violators, where the standards have not been delegated or where State action is
inadequate. Major initiatives in 1986 include implementation of the Agency's
NESHAPs enforcement strategy for asbestos demolition and renovation sources and
enforcement of CEM requirements for NSPS sources.
During 1986, the Regional compliance program is also continuing to provide
assistance in selected Federal judicial referrals, consent decrees, and section
120 actions. Also, EPA is to issue administrative orders, as necessary, in environ-
mentally significant cases where States cannot or will not take appropriate enforce-
ment action. There are plans to conduct an estimated 1,725 inspections and issue
approximately 105 administrative orders during 1986.
A-57
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Headquarters efforts in 1986 Include continuation of continuous compliance
pilot projects. As part of the Initiative to explore various techniques to
address problems of ensuring continuous compliance, the surveillance targeting
pilot Initiated in 1985 1s being completed and new pilot projects, relating to
recordkeeping requirements and analysis of alleged malfunction data, are being
initiated. Work to promote use of CEM equipment, including support for Regional
and State efforts directed at enforcing- CEM requirements for NSPS sources, is a
major activity in 1986. Considerable emphasis is being placed on addressing issues
relating to VOC sources, including development of strategies to address Class B
violators. Oversight of Regional programs to ensure national consistency and
effectiveness, through a combination of review of certain classes of enforcement
actions and a more comprehensive programmatic review, remains a significant function
of this program.
Major Headquarters program accomplishments in 1986 include: the development of
a Class B VOC source compliance strategy; review of proposed Agency regulations
under NSPSs, NESHAPs, and new source/PSD programs; management of the Compliance Data
System; support of State compliance data programs development; provision of techni-
cal analysis and case support for Regional Office compliance activities, development
of three new technical workshops to enhance the capabilities of State and local
programs; and development of two new compliance manuals for State and local
programs.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $13,771,700 supported by 297.3 total work-
years for this program, of which $10,790,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,981,000 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. Extramural resources were used for enforcement case development
activities, compliance monitoring, Regional data management, development of
technical workshops and manuals to enhance State and local programs capabili-
ties, and limited direct case assistance to States.
A major Headquarters accomplishment in 1985 was the Implementation of the
asbestos demolition and renovation and vinyl chloride NESHAPs compliance moni-
toring and enforcement strategies which address the most significant inci-
dences of NESHAPs noncompllance. The Inspection frequency guidance to State
and local air pollution control agencies was revised to improve the definition
of an acceptable Inspection. As part of an effort to find ways to upgrade
inspection programs, EPA completed three continuous compliance pilots.
Also during 1985, the program promulgated second-period nonferrous
smelter order regulations, establishing a regulatory framework for compliance
extensions through January 1, 1988. Program accomplishments during 1985 also
Included work toward the development of four technical workshops to enhance the
capabilities of State and local programs, and completion of one new com-
pliance manual. During 1985, EPA Issued 101 administrative orders, and con-
ducted 1726 inspections.
A-58
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AIR
Mobile Source Enforcement
Ul
10
PROGRAM
Mobile Source
Enforcement
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl i ance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl i ance
Mobile Source TOTAL
Enforcement
PERMANENT MORKYEARS
Mobi 1 e Source
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT IIORKYEARS
TOTAL HORKYEARS
Mobile Source
Enforcement
ACTUAL
1985
$4,653.6
$1,962.1
$6,615.7
$4,653.6
$1,96?. 1
$6,615.7
96.8
96.8
103.9
BljnfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS
$4,759.4
$1,821.5
$6,580.9
$4,759.4
$1,821.5
$6,580.9
99.3
99.3
101.1
ENACTED
1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$4,950.2
$1,821,5
$6,771.7
$4,950,2
$1,821.5
$6,771.7
106,8
106.8
108,6
BALANCED CURRENT
BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 19R6
-$212.8 $4,737.4
-$78.3 $1,743.2
-$291.1 $6,480.6
-$212.8 $4,737=4
-$78.3 $1,743.2
-$291.1 $6,480.6
106.8
106.8
108.6
ESTIMATE
1987
$4,897.7
$2,021.5
$6,919.2
$4,897.7
$2,021.5
$6,919.2
102.8
102.8
104.6
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
$160.3
$278.3
$438.6
$160.3
$278.3
$438.6
-4.0
-4.0
-4.0
TOTAL HORKYEARS
103.9
101.1
108.6
108.6
104.6
-4.0
-------
AIR
Mobile Source Enforcement
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $6,919,200 supported by 104.6 total workyears
for 1987 an increase of $438,600 and a decrease of 4.0 total workyears from 1986.
Of the request, $4,897,700 will be for. the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $2,021,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
an increase of $160,300 and $278,300 respectively.
Program Descripti on
The mobile source enforcement program is directed primarily at ensuring com-
pliance with the motor vehicle emission standards and fuel regulations required by
the Clean Air Act. The activities carried out as part of this program are designed
to ensure that new and in-use vehicles are capable of meeting emission standards
throughout their useful lives, that vehicle emission control systems are not removed
or rendered inoperative, and that harmful additives are not present in gasoline.
The program also includes the issuance of California and statutory emissions waivers.
MOBILE SOURCE ENFORCEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,919,200 supported by 104.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,897,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,021,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This represents increases of $160,300 and $278,300, respectively, and a
decrease of 4.0 total workyears. The decreases are related to the fuels enforce-
ment program. The increase will support additional recall and fuels investigation.
In support of the ozone control strategy, the recall program will involve
investigation of 20 suspect light-duty vehicle exhaust emission classes, together
with related diagnostic evaluation and remedy development work. Noncompliance
penalties for heavy-duty engines will be implemented. An estimated five emissions
waiver requests from the State of California will be processed. The regulatory
revision of the imports requirements (scheduled for promulgation in late 1986) will
be implemented, while at the same time the program will process an estimated 128,000
applications for importation of nonconforming vehicles. The Selective Enforcement
Audit (SEA) program will conduct 17 audits of light-duty manufacturer facilities and
four audits of heavy-duty manufacturer facilities to ensure that new production
vehicles and engines meet emissions requirements. Approximately 1,200 consumer
inquiries on emissions warranty issues will be answered. The anti-tampering and
anti-fuel switching enforcement program will include 450 investigations, which will
result in an estimated 50 notices of violation. Surveys of the incidence of tamper-
ing and fuel switching will be carried out at 15 sites. EPA will continue to assist
with the development of State and local initiatives aimed at preventing tampering
and fuel switching. Implementation of nine new State programs, for a cumulative
total of 37, is anticipated. A new anti-tampering preventive action initiative
will commence with the establishment of programs in ten locations. An expanded
fuels enforcement program will focus on a'ssuring that effective enforcement of the
lead phasedown regulations is not limited to paper reviews of refineries and that
it applies to all elements of the fuels market, including the growing numbers of
importers and blenders; assuring that new fuel additives introduced into the market
in response to the curtailment of lead do not pose new environmental hazards;
conducting 12,000 inspections of vehicle fueling facilities and making determina-
tions on an estimated three fuels waiver applications. A study of the effects of
using unleaded and low lead gasoline on farm equipment will be completed.
A-60
-------
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,48B,6QO supported by 108.6
total workyears for this program, of which $4,737,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,743,200 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The recall program continues surveillance and confirmatory testing, follow-up
and investigation of suspect engine classes, and, if warranted, issuance of recall
orders* New activities underway in the recall program include a pilot evaporative
emissions recall investigation program. Statutory and California waivers will
be issued as required. The SEA program continues to ensure that new production
vehicles comply with emission requirements. Inquiries and applications for the
importation of noncertified vehicles will continue, and regulations revising the
imports program will be promulgated.
Also underway is the development and implementation of a strategy aimed at
attaining increased State participation to reduce automobile emissions that result
from tampering and fuel switching. This will result in the establishment of nine
new anti-tampering and fuel switching programs by States and localities. Other
activities include: conducting fuels inspections for compliance with lead, nozzle,
and label regulations; administering tampering and fuel switching cases; evaluating
fuel and fuel additive waiver requests; and collecting data on fuel switching to
assess misfueling rates. A study of the effects on farm equipment of the lead
phasedown regulations will be started.
1985 Accompl i shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $6,615,700 supported by 103.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,653,600 was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,962,100 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
Recall investigations were conducted for 35 mid-mileage vehicle classes,
and 17 SEAs were performed. Two emissions waivers were issued and nine were
reviewed. Over 16,000 letters and 44,000 telephone inquiries regarding importa-
tion of vehicles were answered and 69,383 applications were received. Revised
import regulations were prepared. Six notices of violation were issued under
the lead phasedown program, and 645 notices of violation under the anti-tampering
and fuel switching program. Five States and localities implemented anti-tampering
and fuel switching programs. A revised rule for phasing down the use of lead
in gasoline was promulgated.
A-61
-------
Water Quality
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
\ ^
Table of Contents
Page
MATER QUALITY WQ-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Water Quality Research...., WQ-9
Scienti f1c Assessment. , , WQ-14
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance WQ-15
Health Effects , , WQ-16
Environmental Engineering and Technology WQ-17
Environmental Processes and Effects.. WQ-18
Great Lakes WQ-19
Comprehensive Estuarine Management.,...., WQ-20
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Water Quality and Grants Program Management....... WQ-23
Water Quality Management...., WQ-25
Great Lakes Program. . WQ-27
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-28
Effluent Standards & Guidelines WQ-31
Grants Assistance Programs WQ-35
Clean Lakes Program.... WQ-36
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106) WQ-37
Training Grants (Section 104)......... WQ-38
Water Quality Strategies Implementation WQ-39
Dredge & Fill WQ-42
Ocean Disposal Permits WQ-43
Environmental Emergency Response & Prevention WQ-44
Standards & Regulations WQ-46
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis...................... WQ-48
Coastal Environment Management WQ-50
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis WQ-52
Municipal Source Control....... WQ-55
Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction WQ-57
Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance WQ-59
ENFORCEMENT
Water Quality Enforcement WQ-61
Water Quality Permit Issuance.... WQ-66
Permi t Issuance WQ-67
WQ-1
-------
APPROPRIATE
HATER QUALITY
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Ixpenses
Abatement Ctntrol and
Compliance
Research & levelopment
Abatement Ccntrol and
Compliance
TOTAL, Water Quality
$95,148.0 $98,791.6 $99,808.8
$127,048.3 $131,306.9 $144,646.9
$14,713.6 $11,587.7 $12,1514.7
$13,000.0
-$4,291.8 $95,517.0 $95,712.1 $195.1
-$6,219.8 $138,427.1 $114,628.9 -$23,798.2
-$521.7 $11,603.0 $7,500.0 -$4,103.0
$249,909.9 $241,686,2 $256,580.4 -$11,033.3 $245,547,1 $217,841.0 -$27,706.1
PERMANENT WOi'K YEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
1,957.0 2,003.3 2,056.5 2,05.5 2,021.1 -35.4
2,191.5 2,248.6 2,283.0 2,283.0 2,181.8 -101.2
$240,952.3 $241,236.4 $246,907.3 -$6,595.9 $240,311.4 $235,732.7 -$4,578.7
Authorization for the Clean Hater Act, except for Construction Grants, expired
September 30, 1982. The authorization for Construction Grants expired September 30,
1985, Reauthor1zat1on for both Is pending.
-------
WATER QUALITY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Agency derives its water quality objectives from two statutes: the Clean
Water Act and the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act. Both laws
direct the Agency to take measures to protect the Nation's waters to safeguard
public health, recreational use, and aquatic life.
The Clean Water Act provides a comprehensive structure for water pollution
control. The Act relies on a well-defined partnership between EPA and the States.
EPA continues to encourage the States to take primary responsibility for imple-
menting the Act. The Act provides for monitoring of water quality, water quality
management planning to design needed control measures, development of water quality
standards, and establishment of technology-based and water quality-based effluent
limits for point source dischargers. EPA and the States implement a permit and
enforcement program for municipal and industrial point source dischargers. EPA and
the Corps of Engineers regulate discharges of dredged and fill materials into
U.S. waters. In addition, the Act provides for grants to communities for construc-
tion of wastewater treatment facilities.
The Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act is designed to protect the
ocean from unregulated dumping of material that would endanger human health, public
welfare, the marine environment, or economic potential. The Act authorizes the
Agency to develop criteria for ocean disposal of industrial waste, municipal sludges
and other materials, and dredged materials and incineration-at-sea. For both ocean
dumping and incineration-at-sea, EPA is authorized to designate disposal sites and
issue permits for all non-dredged materials. Although the Corps of Engineers is
responsible for issuing permits for dredged materials, EPA must review those
applications for consistency with Agency criteria.
In 1987 and beyond, water quality programs will follow several major.directions
to include moving base programs from standards and guidance development to implemen-
tation and compliance; emphasizing toxic controls across all programs; strengthening
protection of all waters from from difficult or uncontrolled sources of pollution;
focusing on integrated intermedia impacts; and managing for targeted environmental
results.
The 1987 Water Quality request focuses on several major objectives to meet the
requirements of the Acts in the 1980s:
National Municipal Policy Enforcement Follow-Up
The National Municipal Policy was adopted by the Agency as a means of assuring
that all municipalities meet the statutory requirements for wastewater discharge
limitations by no later than July 1, 1988, except in cases of physical or financial
impossibility. The policy has substantial environmental significance as it seeks
to accelerate the installation of necessary treatment technology, thus reducing the
loading of pollutants, including toxic pollutants, introduced into the Nation's
waters. With the rapidly approaching deadline, and with the potential contribution
by municipalities to water quality standards violations, including toxics, this
activity will continue to be a high priority in 1987. By the end of 1986, all
major municipalities in nondelegated States needing construction to meet permit
limits will have been placed on enforceable schedules. In 1987, EPA will focus on
assuring that permittees placed on enforceable schedules comply with those schedules
and will substantially increase efforts to place minor permittees on enforceable
compliance schedules.
-------
Pretreatment Cornpli ance and Enforcement
The pretreatment program provides a mechanism for the control of toxic dis-
charges to sewage treatment' plants, thus protecting treatment plant operation and
reducing the pass-through of toxic pollutants to the environment. By the end of
1986, all Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) needing pretreatment programs
should have approved programs in place.
In 1987, EPA efforts will shift from program approval to oversight of dele-
gated State programs, oversight of approved POTW programs where there is no State
delegation, and direct implementation where there is no local control authority or
approved State. Direct implementation by EPA will include compliance assessment
and enforcement against industrial users, including detailed sampling inspections
where necessary, to determine compliance with categorical standards.
EPA will initiate enforcement actions against noncomplying POTWs in nondele-
gated States which fail to implement the approved program. Parallel enforcement
actions will be taken against industries which discharge into these POTWs.
Permit Issuance
Permit issuance will continue to focus on control of toxic pollutants dis-
charged to surface waters. The EPA major permit backlog should be eliminated by
the end of 1985 and the backlog will stay below 10% at least through 1987. The
general focus during 1987 will be on Issuing permits that expired or will expire
during the year and on modifying permits, with priority being given to toxic pol-
lutant controls and water quality considerations. EPA will continue to work with
delegated States and assist them in reducing their major permit backlog, which should
be eliminated by the end of 1986. Additionally, major municipal permits will be
modified to incorporate final 301(h) waiver decisions, pretreatment program ap-
provals and related Implementation requirements. Increased emphasis will be placed
on issuing permits to environmentally significant minor and unpermitted dischargers,
especially those that adversely affect water quality and those with toxic discharges.
In waters where Best Available Technology (BAT) is not sufficient to achieve
State water quality standards, EPA will -continue to support. States in adopting
toxic criteria in water quality standards; to strengthen State capability to develop
and issue water quality-based limitations for the control of toxic discharges; and
to provide technical assistance in conducting waste load allocations which form the
basis for permit limits based on water quality.
Analysis of Toxic Pollutants
To support State water quality programs, EPA's criteria program will continue
its work to identify and evaluate toxic pollutants through development of water
quality criteria and advisories. Emphasis will shift from conventional pollutants
and heavy metals to toxic pollutants which may be ubiquitous in the environment or
whose potentially toxic effects at low levels are not known.
The program will also continue data collection and analyses of eight unreg-
ulated industrial categories known to discharge! toxic pollutants, such as organic
chemicals and metals, in significant amounts. The Agency will use these analyses
to decide whether technology-based controls are needed for these industries.
In the area of intermedia impacts, the program will promulgate regulations for
the use or disposal (land applications, distribution and marketing, landfilUng,
incineration and ocean disposal) of sewage sludge that protect human health and the
environment from toxic pollutants in sludge. The program will examine other unreg-
ulated contaminants in fish tissue with potential to bio-accumulate in the food
chain and consequently harm human health. This analysis of bioaccumulative pollut-
ants may identify pollutants for which EPA needs -to develop criteria in future
years.
WQ-4
-------
Implementing a Marine Protection Program
The incineration-at-sea program should become operational with corresponding
demands for permit writing and compliance activities for both burn sites and burn
operations. These activities will also generate an increased need for monitoring
at designated sites to assure minimal risk to the environment. There will be an
increased emphasis on public outreach to increase the understanding of the general
public to the environmental safety of the process. A national data system will be
used to develop a systematic in-depth profile of the incineration process as a
basis for future forecasting of environmental impacts and to develop recommendations
for improved operations.
Comprehensive revisions to the ocean dumping regulations will be proposed.
Ongoing site management responsibilities for ocean dumping sites will increase as
more sites are designated final and the usage of deep water disposal sites increases.
Focusing on Basins of Major Importance
The Agency will continue to focus on basins of major importance to the public
and the Congress, by continuing the Federal commitment to the Chesapeake Bay and
Great Lakes program, as well as to the estuarine management program begun in 1985.
The Agency will support actions to implement the Chesapeake Bay Restoration and
Protection Plan, through cost-sharing grants to the States, primarily for imple-
mentation of nonpoint source control practices in critical areas,
EPA's Great Lakes National Program Office will continue to meet the U.S.
obligations under our International Agreement with Canada to support water pollution
control in the Great Lakes. The focus will be on remedial action plans for the
abatement of in-place toxics problems and the use of fish, water, and air sampling
to determine water quality improvement and to identify emerging problems.
In 1987, the Agency will continue work begun in 1985 to quantify and control
pollutant loads, assess basin-wide trends and recommend needed actions to restore
or enhance environmental quality of Long Island Sound, Narragansett Bay, Buzzards
Bay, and Puget Sound. The Agency will manage a technology transfer system to
ensure that the technologies and methodologies developed in these basins are shared
with other Federal, State and local programs.
In order to address nonpoint sources of pollution, EPA will work with other
Federal agencies to identify and encourage the use of appropriate best management
practices on Federal lands, with special emphasis on priority areas such as the
Chesapeake Bay. EPA will continue to encourage those agencies to support develop-
ment of cost-effective State and local programs to control nonpoint sources in
priority waters.
Continuing Protection of Metlands
The major effort in 1987 in the dredge and fill program will be to move to-
ward a more focused, anticipatory program through the use of advanced identifi-
cation; development and application of technical guidance and regulations to
ensure effective protection of the waters of the United States; and encourage
States to assume Section 404 permitting authority from the Federal government.
Headquarters will develop guidance and implement revised procedures to identify
and address the most significant national environmental problems in wetlands and
other aquatic systems. The Regions will review and comment on public notices of
permit applications and will establish jurisdictional boundaries. Headquarters and
Regions will develop innovative techniques to encourage State assumption of the
program and increase cooperative efforts with other Federal agencies.
WQ-5
-------
Hanaging Construction Grants
The Agency will work with States in order to ensure an effective transition
of management and financial responsibility to State and local governments. EPA
will issue needed policies and guidance and provide technical assistance and
training. EPA will continue essential oversight of delegated State programs and
wastewater treatment facilities construction, operations, and maintenance to en-
sure continuing compliance with program requirements.
Although the Agency's request for budget authority 1s reduced from 1986,
staffing remains relatively constant due to continuing workload associated with
managing and completing projects funded from previous appropriations.
Environmental Emergency Response
The Environmental Emergency Response program will continue to maintain an
around-the-clock capability to receive notice of and respond to major incidents
of accidental releases of oil or other petroleum products. (Spills of hazardous
substances are covered under Superfund.) Removal actions will be directed by
Regional personnel at serious incidents where the responsible party is unidenti-
fiable, refuses to clean up, or is incapable of providing adequate response, and
where State or local authorities lack appropriate expertise or resources.
The cleanup monitoring program will continue to provide incentives for
adequate removal by responsible parties, as well as serve as a mechanism for
drawing State and local agencies into directing removals themselves. The
Agency's focus in 1987 will be on encouraging State and local governments to
assume a greater share of the responsibility for responding to oil spills.
Federal resources, therefore, will be concentrated on major actions where State,
local, or private response is not feasible.
Research and Development
In 1987 the program will emphasize research to support the development and
implementation of regulations for sludge management and the impact of ocean
dumping and incineration-at-sea on the marine ecosystem. The program will also
initiate work for categorizing wetlands. Ongoing support for the permits and
enforcement programs through validation of toxieity reduction evaluations and
operation of the Discharge Monitoring Report Quality Assurance Program will be
maintained. Evaluations of innovative and alternative waste treatment control
technologies will continue. A pilot program will be initiated to charge to
public and private users for certain quality assurance services provided by
EPA.
-------
WATER QUALITY
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Increase (+)
Estimate Decrease [-)
1987 1987 vs. 1986
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Incremental Outputs
Ocean Dumping Permits 25
Construction Grants Awards..... 476
Active Construction Grants
Projects.. 4,319
Step 3 and Step 2+3 Project
Compl etions 833
Permits Issued by EPA:
Municipal
Major 278
Minor .. 411
Non-Municipal
Major, .210
Mi nor 650
General Z
Adjudicatory Hearings
Settled 67
Enforcement Actions:
Inspect!ons.... 2,080
Notices of Violation.. 24
Administrative Orders 1,028
Civil Litigation..... 118
Criminal Litigation.. 7
Clean Lakes Projects
Awarded 30
Water Quality Criteria 19
Cumulati ve Outputs
Signed 205(g) agreements 50
Final Effluent Guidelines 28
Propose Regulations for
Sludge Reuse/Disposal
Qpti ons
NPDES State Program Approvals.. 37
Local Pretreatment Program
Approvals (EPA) 581
25
683
3,972
942
216
250
187
500
15
104
2,100
110
491
159
7
0
17
51
29
5
41
730
25
148
2,849
773
204
320
193
306
8
80
2.100
50
642
180
5
25
10
50
37
5
39
670
25
306
2,352
821
172
500
244
1000
15
104
2,243
50
877
153
5
0
9
50
41
5
39
670
-148
-803
+48
-32
+180
+51
+694
+7
+24
+143
+235
-27
-25
i
+4
WQ-7
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
WATER QUALITY
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Water Quality Research.......... WQ-9
Sci enti fi c Assessment. WQ-14
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance WQ-15
Health Effects , WQ-16
Environmental Engineering and Technology......................... WQ-17
Environmental Processes and Effects WQ-18
Great Lakes ....,...., WQ-19
Comprehensive Estuarine Management... WQ-20
WQ-8
-------
PROGRAM
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Water Quality
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance -
Water Quality
Salaries § Expenses
Research ft Development
TOTAL
TOTAL
Health Effects - Water
Quality
Salaries & Expenses
Research fl Development
Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Water
Quality
Salaries A Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Water
Quality
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
$285.9
$75.1
$361.0
$2,748.3
$694.0
$3,442.3
$1,313.5
$1,386.2
$2,699.7
$2,794.3
$5,464.8
$8, 259. 1
$8,486.3
$1,789.6
$10,275.9
$302.5
$90.0
,$392.5
$302.8
$89.4
$392.2
$2,840.5 $2,741.8
$861.9 $857.3
$3,702.4 $3,599.1
$1,529.9 3
$1,460.6 !
$2,990.5 :
11,458.9
1,334.3
12.793.2
$2,384.6 $2,441.6
$5,731.2 $5,170.9
$8,115.8 $7,612.5
$9,357.2 $9,214.9
$2,944.0 $2,775.4
$12,301.2 $11,990.3
-$13.1
-$3.9
-$17.0
$289. 7
$85.5
$375.2
$117.8 $2,624.0
-$36.9 $820.4
$154.7 $3,444.4
-$62e7 \
-$57.3 :
$120.0 !
1,396.2
;i, 277.0
12,673.2
$105.1 $2,336.5
$222.5 $4,948.4
$327.6 $7,284.9
$396.3 $8,818.6
$119.4 $2,656.0
$515.7 $11,474.6
$302.8
$383.0
$685.8
$2,719.6
$25.0
$2,744.6
$1,515.4
$1,000.0
$2,515.4
$2,351.0
$3,892.0
$6,243.0
$9,561.0
$1,700.0
$11,261.0
$13.1
$297.5
$310.6
$95.6
-$795.4
-$699.8
$119.2
-$277.0
-$157.8
$14.5
51,056.4
(1,041.9
$742.4
-$956.0
-$213.6
-------
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED CURRENT
BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Great Lakes Research -
Water Quality
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
$970.4
$1,341.4
$2,311.8
$16,598.7
$10,751.1
$683.3
$500.0
$1,183.3
$17,098.0
$11,587.7
$683.
$1,897.
$2,580.
-
$16,843.
$12,124.
1
4
5
1
7
-$29.
-$81.
-111.
-$724.
-$521.
4
7
1
4
7
$653.7
$1,815.7
$2,469.4
$16,118.7
$11,603.0
$434
$500
$934
$16,884
$7,500
.8
.0
.8
.6
;0
-$218.
-$1,315.
-$1,534.
$765.
-$4,103.
9
7
6
9
0
Water Quality Research TOTAt $27,349.8 $28,685.7 $28,967.8 -$1,246.1 $27,721.7 $24,384.6 -$3,337.1
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment-
Water Quality
Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance -
Water ,Qual 1 ty
Health Effects - Water
Quality
Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Water
Quality
Environmental Processes
And Tffects - Mater
Quality
3.0
46.4
17.0
43.3
2.5
42.5
17.0
38.6
4.5
42.7
27.8
38.7
4.5
42.7
27.8
38.7
4.5
42.7
20.8
37.5
-7.0
-1.2
127.2
148.9 148.1
148.1
150.5
2.4
-------
Great Lakes Research -
Water Quality
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
HATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
6.8
243.7
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
6.4 6.4
255.9
268.2
6.4
268.2
6.4
262.4
-5.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Water Quality
Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance -
Water Quality
Health Effects - Water
Quality
Environmental
Engineering" And
Technology - Water
Quality
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Water
quality
Great Lakes Research -
Water Quality
TOTAL WORKYEARS
6.0
55.7
24.4
46.3
157.7
10.0
300. 1
6.0
54.0
27.8
42.7
187.0
8.0
325.5
6.0
53.4
27.8
42.5
184.6
8.0
322.3
6.0
53.4
27.8
42.5
184.6
8.0
322,3
6.0
53.4
27.8
40.5
176.0
8.0
311.7
-2.0
-8.6
-10.6
-------
.
y
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
Principal Outputs by Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SSSSESSSSSSSSKSKSSSSS
Ob ject i ve 1 : De vel op the Sci ent i fie Data to Support a Mate r Qu a) i ty Based App roach
to Pol 1 uti on Control
o Evaluation of the feasibility of applying the ecoregion approach to water
quality standards (Env. Processes)
o Determination of the relationship between lipid content, body burden and the
thermodynamic calculation of bioaccumulation (Env. Processes)
o Development of Water Quality Health Advisories (Sci. Assessment)
o Provision of site specific Water Quality Health Hazard Evaluations/Documenta-
tion, and Water Quality Criteria Modification Support (Sci. Assessment)
o Provision of Health Effects Bioassay Methods Manual for determining whether
receiving streams meet Water Quality Standards (Health)
o Evaluation of a generic approach for chemical measurement of toxic organics and
inorganics in ambient and non-point sources (Monitoring)
Objective 2: Develop Scientific Data Needed to Support Environmentally Sound Ocean
Disposal, Estuarine and Great Lakes Programs !
o Hazard assessment methodologies for the 106-mile ocean dumping site (Env.
Processes)
o Conduct a multimedia risk assessment for the disposal of dredged material (Env.
Processes)
o Report on predictive methods for the removal of metals and problem organics for
ocean discharge (Engineering)
o Report on Application and Verification of a Protocol for Field Exposure Effects
Assessment for Designated Areas of Concern in the Great Lakes (Env. Processes)
Objective 3; Eyaluatlon of Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies, Sludge
.Mana9emerrt"'1^Tt'eWaWv₯sT"an
-------
o Evaluation of chemical monitoring methods and field trials of protocols designed
to measure site-specific aspects of water quality (Monitoring)
o Technical support to complete the recreational water quality criteria (Health)
o Revision of Average Daily Intake (ADIs) calculations for 65 water quality
criteria documents (Sci . Assessment)
Objective 2: Develop Scientific Data Needed to Support Environmentally Sound Ocean
Disposal , Estuarine and Great Lakes Program
o Conduct a correlation analysis of the biological effects (toxicity) to contami-
nant gradients in a designed area of concern in the Great Lakes (Env. Processes)
o Evaluation of the biological effects and engineering methodology performance for
at-sea incineration (Env. Processes)
o Development of methods for conduct of a wasteload allocation of sewage sludge at
the 106-mile ocean disposal site (Env. Processes)
o Report on partitioning of metals and organics in wastewater during treatment for
ocean discharge (Engineering)
Objective 3: Evaluation of Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies, Sludge
Manajjejnent Alternatives and Toxicity Reduction Methods and Technology
o Final methodologies for preliminary hazard indices for landfil ling of municipal
sludge and for chemical and pathogen risk assessment criteria in sludge (Sci.
Assessment)
o Reports on new and improved alternative on-site system design, costs, and per-
formance (Engineering)
o Evaluation of the toxicity of major chemicals found in sludge (Health)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
SSBSSS-SSS33a3SS3SSB
Objective ... 1,;.. Develop Scientific Data to Support a Water Qua! ity Based Approach to
~"
j
T
FpTTuti ffl Control ' ' ' !
o Report on techniques for assessing complex effluents in receiving waters (Moni-
toring)
o Development of aquatic life water quality criteria documents for aluminum,
cyanide, lead, mercury, cadmium, copper, ammonia, chlorine and arsenic (Env.
Processes)
o Completion of the Health section of the technical support document for water
quality based toxics control (Health)
Objective 2: Develop Scientific Data Needed to Support Environmentally Sound Ocean
Disposal, Estuarine and Great Lakes Programs" ' ' '
o Documentation manuals for a three dimensional physical transport model and a
three dimensional hydrodynamic model for use in the Great Lakes (Env, Processes)
o Evaluation of effects and exposure assessment methods to determine the applica-
bility of these procedures for use in a dredged material disposal hazard assess-
ment (Env. Processes)
o Examination of the effects of pollutant interactions on sediment toxicity (Env.
Processes)
Objective 3: Evaluation j^jjWyAtJve... and Alternative (I/A) Technologies, Sludge
Management Alter native s and Toxi ci ty Reduction Methods and Technol bgy
o Development of an accumulation system for the analysts of purgeable and extract-
able organics in water (Env. Processes)
o Report on the health effects from land application of sludge (Health)
o Feasibility study for risk assessment of pathogens in sludge (Sci. Assessment)
WQ-13
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $24,384,600 supported by 311.7 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $3,337,100 and a decrease of 10.6 total workyears from
1986. Of the request* $16,884,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $7,500,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation, an
increase of $765,900 and a decrease of $4,103,000, respectively.
IProgram Descripti on
This program involves the following objectives:
Objective 1; Develop the Scientific Data to Support a Water Quality Based
ApproachIt^PoJJut^jr^nt'roV. ffiTs" research will provide the scientific base to
help states
-------
Evaluation of Innovativeand Alternative .(I/A.) Technologies, Sludge Management
Alternat 1 ves and fox ic 1 ty Rectuct 1 on Itethods and Techm) 1 pgy. the program wil 1 pro-
vide technicalsupport In the developmentami implementation of regulations for
the management of sludge under Section 405(d) of the CWA as well as provide assist-
ance in the development of criteria for the assessment of hazard and risk from
exposure to sludge contaminants including both chemicals and pathogens.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $375,200 supported by 6.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $289,700 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $85,500 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
The 1986 program is completing methodologies for chemical and pathogen risk
assessment criteria in sludge and developing a methodology for preliminary hazard
indices for disposal of municipal sludge.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $361,000 supported by 6.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $285,900 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $75,100 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, site-specific health hazard evaluations were performed and water
quality criteria modifications developed. A feasibility study for risk assessment
of pathogens in sludge was completed and methods and data for calculating hazard
indices for chemicals in sludges were developed.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,744,600 supported by 53.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,719,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $25,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $95,600 and a decrease of $795,400, respectively,
and no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions. The
decrease in Research and Development reflects a pilot effort to externalize quality
assurance (QA) costs. This effort will Involve charging of fees to public and pri-
vate users for QA services (e.g., quality control check samples).
Develop the Scientific Data toSupport a Hater Quality Based Approach to Pol-
lution Control.Activities willbe carried out to develop and standardize methods
for' assessment of ambient water quality. The program will also provide field
tested protocols designed to measure and monitor water quality, evaluate biological
monitoring techniques and evaluate a generic approach for the chemical measurement
of toxic organics and inorganics in ambient and non-point sources.
Evaluation of Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologles, SIudge Management
A1ternati vesand Toxi c i ty R"idu ct i on Met hods and Tech no logy. The Pi sc hi rge Ho n i to r-
ing Report-QuaTity Assurance(DMRQA)Support Program will be continued to maintain
and improve the quality of self-monitoring DMRQA data submitted to the States and
EPA by the 7,000 major dischargers within the NPDES. The equivalency program will
continue to encourage analytical methods development by the private sector.
WQ-15
-------
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,444,400 supported by 53.4
total workyears for this program, of which $2,624,000 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $820,400 is from the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
In 1986, the Agency is evaluating chemical monitoring methods and field trials
of protocols designed to measure site-specific aspects of water quality. In addi-
tion, this program provides cost-effective monitoring methods for the measurement
of chemicals and biological parameters required in the National Pollution Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) program and in the assessment of ambient- water quality.
1985 Accompl i shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,442,300 supported by 55.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,748,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $694,000 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, this program published several significant toxicity and virology
measurement methods documents such as the Manual on the Measurement of Chronic
Toxicity of Effluents to Freshwater Organisms and the Report on Techniques for
Assessing Complex Effluents in Receiving Waters.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,515,400 supported by 27.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,515,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,000,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $119,200 and a decrease of $277,000, respectively,
and no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
enhancement of the in-house research program. The decrease in Research and
Development reflects the completion of the evaluation of toxic effects of chemicals
in sludge.
Develop the Scientific Data to Support a Mate_r Quality Based Approach to Pol-
lutiontloritrol . flea 1 th ef f ect s bi oassays wi 1 1 be f i el d eval uated for use in settf ng
NPDES permits based on protecting human health. These bioassays will be designed
to determine quantitatively the potential risk of carcinogenic and target organ
effects in humans. A microbial water quality indicator relating the quality of
shellfish growing waters to public health problems will be developed.
of Innovati ve and A1 ternati ve (I/A ) Technol ogi es , Sludge Managgment
Alternatives and Toxicity Reduction Methods and' Techno! ogyl 81c"robiol~ogtcaT"Jr£-'
search data on the level and risk of pathogens that may cause disease in humans
will be developed. Data will be provided on the feasibility of conducting an
epidemiology project on the effects of sludge distribution and marketing on human
health risks*
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a 'total of $2,673,200 supported by 27.8
total workyears for this program, of which $1,396,200 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,277,000 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
WQ-16
-------
The use of bioassays to develop water quality-based pollution controls are
being evaluated in 1986. The Tier I carcinogenesis bioassay is being confirmed and
will be used to evaluate the toxicity of several waste streams. Research begun in
1985 to measure microbial indicators in shellfish growing waters is being evaluated
in 1986. Evaluations are being completed of the toxicity of major chemicals found
in sludge.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,699,700 supported by 24.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,313,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,386,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Several important reports were published which Include: A Report on the
Health Effects from Land Application of Sludge, a Report on the Health Effects
from Exposure to Pathogens in Wastewater Aerosols, and the Health Section of the
Technical Support Document for Water Quality Based Toxics Control.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,243,000 supported by 40.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,351,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,892,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $14,500 and a decrease of 1,056,400, respectively,
and a decrease of 2.0 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses re-
flects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions.
The decrease in Research and Development reflects a reduction in industrial and
municipal wastewater research due to the completion of several studies. The Agency
believes that private industry is now in a position to perform many of the engineer-
ing evaluations and studies now provided by EPA.
Evaluation of Innovative and Alternatiye(.I/A) Technologies, Sludge^ Management
A11 e r'nat 1vies'" "arid"' Toxicity Reduction Methods and techno 1ogyT More cost-effective
treatment will be encouraged by evaluating Innovative and alternative technologies.
Information will be provided to the Office of Water on sludge management options
to support regulation development and implementation by the States. Toxicity
reduction evaluation (TRE) procedures and removal capabilities will be developed
for the various municipal treatment processes. TRE is used by municipal permitting
authorities to assist in issuing discharge permits to Industry.
Developthe Scientific DataNeededtoSupportEnyironmeiTtallySound OceanDis-
posalT^stuarine and Great takes Programs. Methodologies will be (Jevetoped fb'r mea-
surement, description, movement and dynamics for the removal of metals and problem
organics in municipal wastes to be ocean discharged.
j.986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,284,900 supported by 42.5
total workyears for this program, of which $2,336,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,948,400 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
This program provides the technical information and engineering assistance
needed by EPA and municipalities for the development and implementation of regu-
lations for disposal of sludge and innovative control of pollution from municipal
treatment plants. The program Is also focusing on conducting field -validations
of the toxicity reduction evaluation methodology (TRE). TRE is being used by
municipal permitting authorities to assist in Issuing discharge permits to industry.
WQ-17
-------
1985 Accompl 1 shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $8,259,100 supported by 46.3 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,794,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,464,800 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Five emerging technology assessment reports and reports of results on five
post-construction evaluations of I/A technologies were provided in support of the
sludge management program.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $11,261,000 supported by 176.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $9,561,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,700,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $742,400 and a decrease of $956,000, respectively,
and a decrease of 8»6 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses re-
flects enhancement of the in-house research program. The decrease reflects the
completion of a number of research projects related to aquatic life water quality
criteria, biological integrity and incineration-at-sea.
Develop the Scientific Data to Support a Water Quality Based Approach to Pol-
1 uti on Control . Research will continue to develop methods to determine what uses
are attai 'nab' Ye in aquatic systems, and to work on integrating pollutant-specific
control methods with whole toxicity testing procedures and best available technology
(BAT) limits for use in permitting. Through a cooperative agreement we will parti-
cipate with the People's Republic of China (PRC) in research and exchange informa-
tion on the environmental processes and effects of pollution on freshwater organisms
and water pollution fate and transport models.
Wetlands research will be initiated to study the wetlands values; determine
the impact of wetlands on water quality; and assess the cumulative impacts of
wetlands loss.
Evaluation of Innovative and Alternative (j/AJ n J^^^Jo^es^ J1 ujjjMairafleiment
Alternatives and Toxicity Reduct ton Methods^ ana Yechhof ogy 7 Research wTTT Icontfhue
to maintain and update the existing tape library and develop new analytical data
bases of toxic pollutants found in wastewater.
Develop the Scientific Data Needed to Support jEnyl ^TO^njUIJ^SoiiJind^Oceari Dis-
posal, Estuari ne and Great Lakes Programs. Hazard as's'es'snie'rit protoicoTs will be
validated to assess better the impact of deep water ocean disposal* A multimedia
risk assessment for dredged material will be completed and used in evaluating
disposal options. A report will be completed on the transformation and fate of
whole effluent toxicity which will be used in conducting wasteload allocations in
estuaries. ;
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $11,474,600 supported by 184.6
total workyears for this program, of which $8,818,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,656,000 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Hazard assessment protocols to assess better the impact of ocean disposal of
wastes are being developed in 1986. Research on the mari.ne component of a cross-
media risk assessment is beginning.
WQ-18
-------
j.985 Acconiplishnients
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $10,275,900 supported by 157.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $8,486,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation aj)d $1,789,600?was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985 the major accomplishments included the development of aquatic life
water quality criteria documents for aluminum, cyanide, lead, mercury, cadmium,
copper, ammonia, chlorine and arsenic. Effects and exposure assessment procedures
were evaluated to determine the applicability of these procedures for use in a
dredged material disposal hazard assessment.
GREAT LAKES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $934,800 supported by 8.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $434,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $500,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This repre-
sents a decrease of $218,900 and $1,315,700, respectively, and no change in total
workyears. The decrease reflects the completion of several studies on the effects
of toxic pollutants along chemical gradients.
Develop the Scientific Data Needed to Support EnvironmentallySound OceanDis-
posal, Estuanhe and Great Lakes Programs. Research willcontlnue to deve!op and
test methods to measure,describe and predict the sources, distribution, movement,
dynamics and effects of organic toxic substances in Great Lakes areas of concern.
A report will be completed on the acute and chronic toxicity of dioxin, furans and
related compounds of concern in the Great Lakes. This program will also provide
the International Joint Commission, Great Lakes National Program Office, Regions
II, III and V and Great Lakes States with technical support and research data
related to activities under the US/Canada Water Quality Agreement.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,469,400 supported by 8.0
total workyears for this program, of which $653,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,815,700 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
The 1986 program is focusing on the impact and fate of toxic materials in
areas of concern identified by the Great Lakes Water Quality Board. Emphasis is
on in-place pollutant and chemical mass balance research.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,311,800 supported by 10.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $970,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,341,400 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, this program prepared documentation manuals for a three dimensional
physical transport model and a three dimensional hydrodynamic model for use in
the Great Lakes.
WQ-19
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PROGRAM
WATER DUALITY
Comprehensive Estuartne Management
ACTUAL
1985
WIDGET
ESTIMATE
198fi
ENACTED
1986
BALANCER
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Comprehensive Est.uanine
Management.
Research $ Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Research 8 Development
Comprehensive TOTAL
Estuarlne Management
$3,9fi2.5
$3,962.5
$3,962.5
$3,962.5
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WATER QUALITY
Comprehensive Estuarine Management
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1987. This program is
supported under the Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis subactivity in the Abate-
ment and Control function.
1986 Program
The Agency is allocating no resources under this subactivity for 1986, This
program is supported under the Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis subactivity
in the Abatement and Control function.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,962,500, all of which was from the
Research and Development appropriation.
The Agency, in coordination with NOAA, assisted State and local agencies
dealing with Long Island Sound, Narragansett Bay, Buzzards Bay, and Puget Sound
during 1985 in the formulation of work programs to carry out studies to determine
wasteload sources and characteristics, to locate and quantify nutrient and toxic
problem areas, and to identify the management and data needs for the design of
control and abatement programs.
On the basis of nutrient and toxics abatement experiences gained in the Chesa-
peake Bay Program and the Great Lakes program, the Agency developed a national
estuarine policy and generic estuarine program guidance document for use by State
and local officials in program design and implementation.
Workyear support for this program is described under the Water Quality Moni-
toring and Analysis subactivity.
WQ-21
-------
Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
WATER QUALITY
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Water Quality and Grants Program Management , WQ-23
Water Quality Management.... WQ-25
Great Lakes Program WQ-27
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-28
Effluent Standards & Guidelines WQ-31
Grants Assistance Programs ,... WQ-35
Clean Lakes Program . WQ-36
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106) WQ-37
Training Grants (Section 104)..... WQ-38
Water Quality Strategies Implementation WQ-39
Dredge & Fill. WQ-42
Ocean Disposal Permits . WQ-43
Environmental Emergency Response & Prevention... WQ-44
Standards & Regulations WQ-46
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis , WQ-48
Coastal Envi ronment Management WQ-50
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis UQ-52
Municipal Source Control... WQ-55
Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction WQ-57
Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance........... WQ-59
WQ-22
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PROGRAM
WATER OUALITY
Hater Quality And Grants Program Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUORET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCER
RUOfiET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Water Quality
Managenent
Salaries $ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Great Lakes Program
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$3,563.5 $3,722.9 *3,723.1
$224i6 $180.0 $180.0
-$160.0 $3,563.1 $387R3.6
-$7,7 $172.3 $171.0
TOTAL 13,788.1 <3,902.9 $3,903.1. -$167.7 $3,735.4 $3,954.fi
$1,124.5 *l,n71.a $1,071.8
$5,413.7 $3,897.3 $3,897.3
-$46.2 $1,025.6 $1,073.9
-$lfi7.6 $3,729.7 $3,697.3
TOTAL $6,B3R.2 $4,969.1 $4,969.1 -$213.R $4,755.3 $4,771.2
Chesapeake Ray Program
Salaries * Expenses $899.4
Abatrment Control and $12,507.9
Compliance
$83^.7 $839.7
$9,250.0 $9,250.0
-$36.2 $803.5 $857.3
-$397.8 $B,B52.2 $9,250.0
TOTAL $13,407.3 $10,089.7 $10,089.7 -$434.0 $9S655.7 $10,107.3
TOTAL:
Salaries ^ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$5,587.4 $5,634.4 $5,634.6
$18,146.2 $13,327.3 $13,327.3
-$242.4 $5,392.2 $5,714.8
-$573.1 $12,754.2 $13,118.3
'.later OuaHty And
Grants Program
Management
TOTAL $23,733.6 $18,961.7 $18,961.9 -$815.5 $18,146.4 $18,833.1
$220.5
-$1.3
$219.2
$48.3
-$32.4
$15.9
$53.8
$397.8
$451.6
$322.6
$364.1
$686.7
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ro
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality And Grants Program Management
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Management
Great Lakes Program
Chesapeake Bay Program
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Management
Great Lakes Program
Chesapeake Bay Program
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
67.7
17.4
4.7
89.8
73.3
21.7
8.1
103.1
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS IN
69.4
15.fi
9.5
94.7
76.6
20.0
10.0
lOfi.6
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
THOUSANDS)
69.8
18.0
8.6
96.4
76.6
20.0
10.0
106.6
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
69.8
18.0
8.6
9fi.4
76.6
20.0
10.0
106.6
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1985
71.8 2.0
18.0
8.6
98.4 2.0
76.6
20.0
10.0
106.6
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WATER DUALITY
Mater Duality and Grants Program Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,833,100 supported by 106.6 workyears for
1987, an increase of $686,700 and no change in total workyears for 1987, Of the
request, $5,714,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and 113,118,300
is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase of $322,600
and a decrease of $364,100, respectively.
Program Descrij)ti on
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Hater Quality Management -- This program includes management of State financial
assistance under Sections106, 205(g) (nonconstruction grants management), 205(j),
208, and 303 of the Clean Water Act. Proposed Administration amendments to the
Clean Water Act eliminate new funding under 205(j) after October 1, 1985, and
restrict use of 205(g) money. The nonpoint source (NPS) program encourages other
Federal agencies to support development of cost-effective State and local programs
to control nonpoint sources of pollution in priority waters.
Great Lakes Program -- This program provides assistance in implementing U.S.
programs insupport of the U.S. - Canada Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. A
major focus of the program is the measurement of ambient conditions in the Great
Lakes in order to determine compliance with the objectives of the Agreement. The
monitoring portions of the program measure water quality trends and the effective-
ness of remedial responses to emerging pollution problems.
Chesapeake Bay PrpgraiTi As a result of the Chesapeake Bay Water Ouality
Study, the Agency is commfEting significant resources to restore Bay water quality.
The Agency is assisting the Bay States and the District of Columbia in implementing
activities to control nutrient and toxic effects in th« Bay. In addition to main-
taining the Bay Liaison Office in Annapolis, the Agency will provide cost sharing
grant assistance to the States for implementing nutrient and toxic controls. The
Agency conducts detailed monitoring and modeling studies to assist in the cleanup
effort.
HATER nUALITY MANAGEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,954,600 supported by 76.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,783,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $171,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents an increase of $220,500 and a decrease of $1,300, respec-
tively, with no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses
reflects increased operating costs.
EPA will continue to negotiate and manage grants which specify the performance
expected by the States, commonly known as performance-based grants. This will
include negotiating and tracking annual program priorities and work commitments to
ensure that Federal and State funds are meeting priority point and nonpoint source
control needs. EPA will work with selected States to analyze priority waterbody
lists and conduct workshops-on using the lists to focus grant resources on critical
water quality problems. Although EPA expects all pre-1985 Level of Effort (LOE)
deficits tq be repaid by the end of 1987, Regional oversight will continue to
assure that LOE deficit problems do not reoccur. Headquarters will conduct five
workshops with the Regions to ensure that grant work programs are effectively
WQ-25
-------
coordinated to improve management of grant funds. The guidance on grant financial
management will be updated. The program will continue to provide positions for
Water Management Division Directors.
Grants totaling $52,100,000, a decrease of $10,009,300 from 1986, are being
requested for award under Section 106 of the Clean Water Act to support State and
Interstate Water Pollution Control programs. EPA will target the funds to compli-
ance and enforcement of pretreatment programs; issuance/ reissuance of permits
including Best Available Technology (BAT) and water quality-based permits for
toxics control; development of groundwater protection strategies and programs;
and continue Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) compliance under the National
Municipal Policy. Limited funding for management of nonpoint source controls in
high priority basins also will be made.
The Administration has proposed major revisions to Section 205(j) of the
Clean Water Act which authorizes various planning activities. These revisions
would discontinue funding under 205(j) after October 1, 1985. No funds are request-
ed for 1987.
EPA will build on intra- and interagency planning in 1985 and 1986 for control
of nonpoint source pollution primarily from agriculture and silviculture. This
includes negotiating and assuring Implementation of new Memoranda of Understanding
(MOU) that direct existing resources and programs of three other Federal agencies
to expand the use of NPS controls. The U.S. Departments of Agriculture and Defense
and the Bureau of Land Management are the key agencies EPA will work with during
1987. EPA staff will also work to assure that Federal field programs directly assist
specific State and local NPS implementation projects in priority waters. This
assistance will include training of State and local water quality staff and land-
owners in the design and implementation of NPS controls such as reduced tillage
methods and pesticide/nutrient management.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,735,400 supported by 76.6
workyears for this program, of which $3,563,100 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $172,300 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation.
EPA's ongoing focus is to coordinate Federal and State water quality priorities
and programs. The primary objectives in 1986 are to complete development of State
procedures for instituting waterbody priorities as a means to focus State resources
on critical problems. Final policy on State preparation and use of priority
waterbodies to focus 106 funding will be issued and a series of workshops held.
Review of grant applications and mid/end-of-year program reviews will emphasize
financial management of grants. The automated information system will be operation-
al in the Regions in 1986 for tracking actual outputs of the States against their
commitments. The system will also assist EPA in conducting program reviews.
During 1986, the States, with ; EPA's assistance, will use the State-by-State
assessment to identify and fill data gaps, to rank nonpoint source problems and
develop management programs in selected priority waters, EPA's ongoing interagency
effort to target existing Federal resources will continue with USDA on agriculture-
related NPS problems, and to a lesser extent, on silviculture-related problems.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $3,788,100 supported by 73.3 total workyears for
this program, of which $3,563,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $224,600 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The
focus for this program in 1985 has been on technical assistance to States for com-
plying with requirements of Section 106 grants and to Regions on management of
106/205(j) grants.
WQ-26
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Assistance to States included providing direct advice to determine LOE for
four States, issuing guidance documents on complying with 106 requirements, and
developing a policy on performance-based I06/205(j) grants for all States. Assist-
ance was provided to the Regions through workshops on strengthening management of
106/205(j) grants and developing an automated information system to improve Regional
grants management
In 1985, EPA convened a Federal/State/Local Nonpoint Source Task Force which
recommended a National Policy and developed individual Agency and Regional Strat-
egies to ensure implementation of NPS practices to address priority problems. EPA
received a report from the States providing the first State-by-State documentation
of NPS problems, the status of State NPS programs and a description of successful
control approaches.
GREAT LAKES PROGRAM
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,771,200 supported by 20.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,073,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,697,3(10 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $48,300 and a decrease of $32,400,
respectively, with no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and
Expenses reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of the government-wide
deficit reductions. The decrease in Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects
improvements in data management.
The Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) will continue to provide
leadership in meeting the U.S. obligations under the 1978 Rreat Lakes Water Quality
Agreement with Canada and under the 1983 Phosphorus Control supplementary agree-
ment, and will continue to support the activities of the International Joint
Commission (IJC). It will he responding to information requests and providing
technical assistance to Headquarters and the State Department on official Canadian
requests and notes concerning U.S. Rreat Lakes policies. Staff support to the
IJC's Water Quality Roard and its committees will continue to ensure that U.S.
views and policies are adequately represented. RLNPO will provide any required
technical support in the reconsideration or renegotiation of the Water Quality
Agreement anticipated to begin in 1986.
The Program will continue its work on Great Lakes monitoring planning and
programming as required by Annex 11 of the Water Quality Agreement with Canada.
Surveys of the Lakes will be conducted in cooperation with State and Canadian
agencies to determine the annual variability of ambient phosphorus concentrations
and the levels and trends in metals and conventional pollutant parameters. A
surveillance program to detect toxic substances in Great Lakes fish and sediments
will be continued for the tributaries and harbors. The results will be analyzed
and reported to the States for regulatory follow-up.
The results of the monitoring activities, including water, fish, sediment,
and atmospheric deposition data, will provide the information necessary to assess
compliance with the Water Quality Agreement objectives, to evaluate effectiveness
of control programs, and to identify emerging problems. Attention in sediment
sampling will continue to be focused on the problem of polluted sediment in the
3Q U.S. "Areas of Concern" identified by the Water Quality Board. Remedial action
plans will be completed for the remaining 25 areas and alternative abatement
technologies will be identified and evaluated. The Upper Great Lakes Connecting
Channels (the Detroit and St. Clair Rivers and the St. Marys River) final report
will be published to provide needed information on sediments and on toxics
transport.
The U.S. Phosphorus Reduction Plan, submitted to the IOC in 1986 for Lakes
Erie and Ontario, will be revised and updated based on plan implementation
activities hy the States, which are being carried out with GLNPQ oversight and
assistance.
WQ-27
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GLNPO will hegln the assessment of toxic pollutant sources, including draft
assessments of ground water and pesticide sources, as a basis for the development
of a mass balance for toxics.
The Agency is allocating a total of $4,755,300 supported by 20.0 total work-
years for this program, of which $1,025, 600 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,729,700 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
is continuing to conduct a wide range of monitoring activities and
laboratory analysis with particular emphasis on in-place toxics and atmospheric
deposition of toxics. The second and final season of monitoring work, including
water and sediment sampling, for the Upper Great Lakes Connecting Channels Study
is being completed and a draft final report is to be written.
The U.S. is reviewing the Phosphorus Reduction Plan called for in the 1983
Phosphorus Control Supplement to Annex 3 of the Water Quality Agreement. The
final review is to be completed prior to the plan's subiiittal to the International
Joint Commission.
1985 Accomp 1 i s hment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,585,100 supported by 21.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,124,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,413,700 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
The Upper Rreat Lakes Connecting Channels Study continued during 1985. This
year was the first of two field seasons of .the bi-national ecosystem analysis
during which sampling of the connecting channels' water and sediment was conducted.
The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration and the Fish and Wildlife
Service contributed to the effort.
In 1985, the U.S. prepared the first draft of the U.S. Phosphorus Reduction
Plan called for in the 1983 Phosphorus Control Supplement to Annex 3 of the Water
Quality Agreement. The U.S. planning has been based on State plans developed by
Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York with the assistance of the
GLNPO, In addition, negotiations with Canada were completed to allocate the
additional phosphorus load reduction needed for Lake Ontario*
GLNPO continued its sampling network and laboratory activities. Water chem-
istry, biota, sediment, and air analyses that are required by the Water Quality
Agreement were carried out. This work was used as the basis for the Biennal Report
on Great Lakes Water Quality completed in 1985. In addition, new water quality
surveillance plans for the individual lakes were completed during the year.
CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM
1 987 P rogram Requ es t
The Agency requests a total of $10,107,300 supported by 10.0 workyears for
this program of which $857,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $9,250,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of $53,800 and $-397,800 respectively, with no change
in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjustments to
the 1986 base as part of the government-wide deficit reductions. The increase in
Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects expanding monitoring and computer model-
ing needs.
WQ-28
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In 1987, the Agency will continue working with the Bay States on the use of
grant funds to update and implement the elements of the Bay Restoration and Pro-
tection Plan begun during FY 1986. Of importance will be matching grants for the
implementation of the nonpoint source control plan elements, including those in
identified critical areas. In addition the focus of assistance to the States will
include integration of point source controls to improve abatement and permit reviews
to improve compliance rates. Mater quality monitoring of pilot areas will be used
in conjunction with water quality models to evaluate results of Best Management
Practices (BMP) implementation and to develop quantitative relationships between
waste removal from the Bay and improvement of water quality.
Following the update of the 1980 Bay watershed model to 1985, it will be used
with the two dimensional steady-state model to determine dissolved oxygen and
nutrient levels. Compl ementi ng this work will be the continuing development of a
three dimensional time- variable model for developing waste load allocations.
The Agency will continue to provide technical and administrative staff support
to the Chesapeake Bay Implementation Committee and Executive Council. Coordination
functions will be carried out with the States, other Federal Agencies, and other
Bay management agencies to ensure continued progress is made in restoring Bay
water quality. The Agency's support for monitoring the mainstem of the Bay will
continue in concert with the States' focus on the major tributaries. Continued
support will be provided for maintaining and improving the Chesapeake Bay data
system.
The Agency is allocating a total of $9,655,700 supported by 10.0 total work-
years for this program, of which $803,500 is from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $8,852,200 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During 1986, the Agency is awarding demonstration grants to the Bay States to
implement the recommendations of the Chesapeake Bay Restoration and Protection
Plan of 1985. These 50 percent cost sharing grants emphasize nonpoint source
control efforts and will be targeted on projects which support the long-term need
for reducing loadings of toxics and nutrients. Assistance is being primarily
provided to identify critical farm units within the sub-basins, develop plans and
schedules for implementing Best Management Practices, define outreach programs to
encourage farmer participation, and develop long-term comprehensive implementation
programs. The objective is to demonstrate the effectiveness of Best Management
Practices, in critical areas so that more farmers will adopt the practices.
Under the policy direction of the Executive Council and the guidance of the
Implementation Committee and its five subcommittees, the staff of the Chesapeake
Bay Liaison office 1s framing management strategies reflecting both point and non-
point source controls. It is also overseeing contracts for the construction of
computer models that will help establish quantitative relationships between waste
loads and Bay water quality. Data establishing these relationships is being pro-
vided by historical data, collected during the research phase of the Bay Program,
and by data being collected through special data searches and by carefully targeted
water quality monitoring programs.
The Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office is coordinating the activities with other
Federal agencies engaged in the Bay program and is sponsoring programs to inform
citizen groups of Bay problems and efforts underway to address them.
1 985 Ace omp 1 i s hment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $13,407,300 supported by 8.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $899,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $12,507,900 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
WQ-29
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This was the first year of a four year Administration commitment to carry out
cost sharing grants in the program. Cost sharing grants were targeted at reducing
the loadings of nutrients and toxics in critical sub-basins in the Bay States.
The efforts of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S.
Geological Survey, the Corps of Engineers, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and
the Fish and Wildlife Service of the Department of the Interior were coordinated
through the Liaison Office,
Other activities of the Liaison Office included complementing the tributary
monitoring activities of the States by supporting the monitoring of the Bay's
mainstem; refining the water quality model to assess the impact of alternative
control options; and maintaining the program's computer center, which stores the
program's extensive data base. The Chesapeake Bay Restoration and Protection Plan
was completed in September of 1985 and is being used to set the stage for future
years efforts.
WQ-30
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Page Intentionally Blank
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U)
Qi,1 i »!.< o
TOTAL:
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Effluent Standards
Guidelines
HATER DUALITY
Effluent Standards ft. Guidelines
PROGRAM
Effluent Standards ft
Guidelines
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
ACTUAL
1985
$3,925. n
$5,320.5
RlinGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS
$3,«00-. 4
$4,«00.0
ENACTED
1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$3.667.4
BALANCEO
BUOGET
REDUCTION
-$157.6
-$1*9.2
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$3,509.8
$4,?10.8
ESTIMATE
1987
$2,774.6
$3,462.4
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-$735.2
-$748.4
$3,925.0 $3,699.4 $3,667.4
$5,320.5 $4,400.0 $4,400.n
-$1,183.6
-$157.6 $3,509.8 $2,774.6 -$735.2
$189.2 $4,210.8 $3,462.4 -$748.4
TOTAL $9,245.5 $8,099.4 $8,067.4 -$346.8 $7,720.6 $6,237.0 -$1,483.6
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Effluent Standards ft 67.3 6fi.9 66.9
Guidelines
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 67.3 66.9 66.9
TOTAL WORKYFARS
Effluent Standards ft 74.1 71. n 71. n
Guidelines
TOTAL WORKYEARS 74.1 71.0 71.0
66.9 47.0 -19.9
66.9 47.0 -19.9
71.0 50.0 -21.0
71.0 50.0 -21.0
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WATER QUALITY
Effluent Standards and Guidelines
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,237,000 supported by 50.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,483,600 and 21.0 total workyears from 1986. Of the
request, $2,774,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,462,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, a
decrease of $735,200 and $748,400, respectively.
Program Descri pti on
Eff1uent Standards and Guidelines This program includes establishing ef-
fluent'limitations' for industries discharging directly to waterways and indirectly
through Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs). Effluent standards and guidelines
are promulgated under the authority of Sections 301, 304, 306, 307, and 501 of the
Clean Water Act. Through this program, the Agency establishes a number of differ-
ent kinds of effluent standards and guidelines.
Best Available Technology Economically Achievable (BAT) limitations generally
represent the best existing performance in the industrial category or subcategory.
The Act establishes BAT as the principal national means of controlling the direct
discharge of toxics and nonconventional pollutants into navigable waters. Best
Conventional Pollution Control Technology (BCT), the basis for limiting discharges
of conventional pollutants from existing sources, is not an additional limitation,
but replaces BAT for the conventional pollutants. New Source Performance Stand*
ards (NSPS) are based on the best available demonstrated technology. Pretreat-
ment Standards for Existing Sources (PSES) are designed to prevent the discharge
of pollutants which pass through, interfere with, or are otherwise Incompatible
with the POTW's treatment process or chosen sludge disposal method. The similar
regulation for new plants is Pretreatment Standards for New Sources (PSNS).
The Act required the achievement by July 1, 1984 of effluent limitations
requiring application of BAT for non-conventional pollutants and classes of pollu-
tants which Congress declared toxic under Section 3Q7(a) of the 1972 Act. Like-
wise, NSPS and pretreatfnent standards were redirected toward toxic pollutant
controls.
EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,237,000 supported by 5n.o total workyears
for this program, of which $2,774,600 will be for the Salaries and Expanses appro-
priation and $3,462,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents a decrease of $735,200 and $748,400, respectively, and
a decrease of 21.0 total workyears. The decrease in both appropriations and in
total workyears reflect the Agency's progress in developing effluent standards
and guidelines.
In 1987, the program will continue analyses of eight unregulated Industries
with known toxic discharges to determine the need for regulation and/or guidance
for Regional and State permit writers. The program, will review two regulated
categorical industries discharging large amounts of toxic pollutants. Priorities
for these industries are based on the results from the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) Section 3018, Domestic Sewage Study, discussions with permit
WQ-32
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writers and municipalities and an EPA environmental management study. The program
will promulgate BAT regulations for gold placer mining, and for volatile toxics in
the pesticide category, and will issue final rules for Best Conventional Technology
on the remaining reserved primary industry categories.
.The program will provide engineering, economic, and statistical support to
post-promulgation negotiation, litigation, remand/repair, and petition review ef-
forts, as needed, to defend the guidelines. The Agency reviews petitions filed by
outside groups with thp courts and attempts to resolve issues out of court. Some
are successfully resolved; others are litigated, which may require the Agency to
respond to court remands. In 1987, the program expects post-promulgation support
to continue on nine categories.
The program will continue to provide technical assistance, Including engi-
neering, economic and statistical support for Regional and State permit writers,
through approximately 20 workshops, and will provide data on Industrial pollutant
discharges, treatment technologies and wastewater characteristics as needed. The
program will perform the engineering, environmental, and associated activities
for responding to variance requests, -with an emphasis on Fundamentally Different
Factors (PDF) and 301(g) variances referred by the Regional Offices.
1986 Program
In 1986 the Agency is allocating a total of $7,720,600 supported by 71.0
total workyears for this program, of which $3,509,800 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,210,800 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The program is promulgating BAT regulations for the foundries, and the organic
chemicals, plastics and synthetic fibers category; and .issuing final BCT rules on
Pharmaceuticals, pulp and paper, and the secondary industries.
The program will conduct site visits and engineering evaluations on four
non-regulated categories studied in 1985: ferroalloy manufacturing facilities,
hazardous waste treatment facilities, hospitals, and the transportation indus-
try; and will begin to update effluent data on solvent barrel and oil reclaimers
and industrial laundries. The program will also evaluate additional regulated
industries discharging large amounts of toxic pollutants. These analyses will be
used to determine the need for the issuance of regulations or guidance documents
to assist permit writers in controlling toxic discharges.
The program will continue to emphasize engineering, economic and statistical
support to Regional and State permit writers in reissuing expired permits which
will incorporate BAT. The program is conducting additional workshops on permit
issuance and application of effluent regulations. Including compliance assistance
for small businesses in the foundry Industry. Other efforts include issuance of
guidance manuals to assist 1n implementing categorical pretreatment standards for
enforcing toxic pollutant control ,on industrial dischargers to Publicly Owned
Treatment Works (POTWs); writing hew source discharge permits; responding to
variances and evidentiary hearings; and assisting States in reducing their major
and minor permit backlogs.
Post-promulgation support will continue on ten contested regulations, Including
negotiations, litigation support activities, and proposed or final amendments to
categorical regulations.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $9,245,500 supported by 74.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,925,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,320,500 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
WQ-33
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The program promulgated effluent standards and guidelines for 4 industries on
court-ordered schedules; nonferrous metals forming, nonferrous metals (phase II),
plastics molding and forming, and pesticides. Extensive development work was
completed for final regulations for the organic chemicals and plastics and synthetic
fibers category,. The program also proposed regulations for offshore oil and gas
product!' on.
Post-promulgation negotiations support took place in 1985 on eight contested
regulations, including negotiations for five settlements. Additional support activ-
ities involved proposal and/or promulgation of settlement agreement regulations
on five categories, and litigation support for two categories.
In conjunction with the Office of Water Enforcement and Permits, the program
provided engineering, economic, and statistical support to Regional and State
permit writers through 13 technical workshops and seminars for Regional, State, and
Industry representatives. The program also reviewed draft permit reports and
assisted the States on Best Professional Judgment (BPJ) issues for the coal redlining
category by developing an economic/environmental model for use by permit writers.
The program completed literature and record reviews of four non-regulated
industries identified as major dischargers of toxic pollutants by the Domestic
Sewage Study required under RCRA Section 3018, and by the Regions and EPA's Inte-
grated Environmental Management Program: ferroalloy manufacturing facilities, haz-
ardous waste treatment facilities, hospitals, and the transportation industry.
The program also began evaluating five regulated industries discharging large
amounts of highly toxic pollutants to determine the need for issuance of regula-
tions or guidance documents to assist permit writers. These categories included
paint, ink, onshore and coastal oil and gas, and textiles.
WQ-34
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HATER nilALITY
Grants Assistance Programs
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
l"Rfi ' REDUCTION 19R6 19R7 VS 1986
(HOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROfiRAK
Clean Lakes Program
Abatement Control and $5,000.0 $5,noo.O -$215,0 $4,785.0 -$4,785.0
Compliance
TOTAL $5,000.0 $5,000.0 -$215.0 $4,785.0 -$4,785.0
Control fgency Resource
Supplementation
(Section 106)
Abatement Control and $61,313.4 $64,900.0 $64,900.0 -$2,790,7 $62,109.3 $52,100.0 -$10,009.3
Compliance
TOTAL $61,313.4 $64,900.0 $64,900.0 -$?,790.7 $62,109.3 $52,100.0 -$10,009.3
Training Grants
(Section 104)
Abatement Control and $216.0 $250.0 -$10.8 $239.2 -$239.2
Compllance
TOTAL $216.0 $250.0 -$10.8 $239.2 -$239.2
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $66,529.4 $fia,900.0 170,150.0 -$3,01fi.5 $67,133.5 $52,100.0 -$15,033.5
Compliance
Grants Assistance TOTAL $66,529.4 $64,900.0 $70,150.0 -$3,016.5 $67,133.5 $52,100.0 -$15,033.5
Programs
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WATER QUALITY
Grants Assistance Programs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $52,100,000 for grants under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance Appropriation for 1987, a decrease of $15,033,500 from
1986,
Program Description
The program areas under this subactivity Include:
Cleani Lakes Program Section 314 of the Clean Water Act sets forth the
principal admini strati ve and technical requirements for developing a national
program to enhance the quality of freshwater lakes. The Clean Lakes regulation in
February, 1980 established an operational program of financial and technical assist-
ance to the States to assist them in implementing methods and procedures to protect
and restore the quality of their publicly owned freshwater lakes.
Control Agency ResourceSupplementation (Section 106j Section 106 grants
supplement State resources for water polluHbnToWtl^r'programs. They are negotia-
ted annually with 50 States, 7 Territories, and 6 Interstate compact agencies.
Funds are used to carry out a wide range of water quality programs, including
permit issuance, enforcement, monitoring, construction grants management, water
quality planning and standards, wasteload allocations, nonpoint source control
program management, pretreatment, oil and hazardous materials spill response, and
other priority programs.
States also receive financial assistance for water quality program activities
under Sections 205(g) and 205(j) of the Clean Water Act as reserves from their
^annual Construction Grants allotment under the Construction Grants appropriation.
Funding is provided under Section 205(g) for construction grants management in
delegated States and under Section 205(j) for water quality planning and standards
activities. Proposed Administration amendments will eliminate new funding under
Section 205(j) after October 1, 1985, and restrict use of 205(g) grants.
Training Grants (Section 104) -* These grants provide training assistance to
institutions of higher education and other public or private agencies and institu-
tions to meet professional manpower needs.
CLEAN LAKES PROGRAM
1987Program Request
In 1987, the Agency requests no funds for the Clean Lakes program. In past
years the Agency has developed and demonstrated lake restoration techniques and
assisted States in classifying lakes, identifying techniques for restoring the
level of water quality needed to maintain or enhance uses, and implementing cleanup
and control projects. Since the Agency has provided guidance to the States on
maintaining clean lakes, it believes that the States are now able to address lake
restoration needs, along with other local priorities, under their existing water
quality management programs.
WQ-36
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,785,000 under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation for grants for the Clean lakes program. The
funds provided are being used only for existing projects with an emphasis on those
projects which can be completed with 1986 funds. The Agency expects to award
25 grants for improving conditions in publicly owned freshwater lakes.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,000,000 from the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation under the Clean Lakes program to help complete 30 exist-
ing projects.
CONTROL AGENCY RESOURCE SUPPLEMENTATION (SECTION 106)
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $52,100,000 under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation, a decrease of $10,009,300. This decrease reflects State
progress in reducing major permit backlogs, in approving local pretreatment pro-
grams, and in developing State groundwater strategies.
Section 106 grants will provide funding assistance for operation of joint
Federal/State water pollution control programs for 63 State, interstate, and terri-
torial agencies. This grant will be included in a legislative proposal for block
grants designed to give States more flexibility and autonomy in administering
environmental programs. States are expected to continue to issue industrial permits
for Best Available Technology (BAT), municipal permits and water quality-based
permits for toxics control. Continued emphasis in 1987 is anticipated for activities
to improve compliance by dischargers with their National Pollutant Discharge Elimi-
nation System (NPDES) permits and on,enforcement of pretreatment programs. To this
end, a total of 416 major permits are expected to be Issued or reissued by the States
and 2243 compliance inspections at major facilities are expected to be conducted.
Additionally, funds are expected to be devoted to assisting States as they develop
and/or implement groundwater protection strategies and programs. A limited amount
of Section 106 funds are expected to be devoted to management of nonpoint source
programs in high priority basins.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating $62,109,300 for Section 106 grants under the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Assistance to the States in 1986 is emphasizing Issuance of industrial permits
for Best Available Technology (BAT) and municipal permits, especially for major
facilities. Because of the major potential for water quality impairment and sludge
contamination, the focus will also be on improving compliance of Publicly Owned
Treatment Works (POTWs), especially those required to administer pretreatment pro-
grams under the National Municipal Policy. Over 1,000 major NPDES permits will be
issued or reissued by the States, which should work toward elimination of the NPDES
States' major permit backlog, and approximately 6,300 compliance inspections of
majors will be conducted. EPA expects one additional State to accept NPDES permit-
ting authority in 1986.
States and territories will develop groundwater protection strategies or,
where States have strategies, support State groundwater program development and
implementation activities. Remaining Section 106 funds wi-11 be used to fund other
negotiated priority State program management needs such as nonpoint source program
implementation. Also, some priority planning, ambient and source standards, and
monitoring of toxic and conventional pollutants will continue to be funded.
WQ-37
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1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated'$61,313,400 for Section 106 grants under the
Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. Several States have developed
NPDES program modifications to assume pretreatment, Federal facility, and general
permitting responsibilities. Thirty-seven States had approved NPDES programs and
States had 1,278 approved municipal/pretreatment programs in 1985.
Approximately 1800 major NPDES permits including toxics controls, were issued
or reissued by the States. Nearly 6,000 compliance inspections of majors were con-
ducted, and the States took increasing responsibility in compliance activities.
States developed analytical capabilities to support increased emphasis on water
quality-based permitting, toxics control, and requests for permit variances.
Finally, almost all States were developing or implementing groundwater manage-
ment plans based on guidance published in early 1985, and twenty-five States used
Section 106 grants to manage nonpoint source programs,
TRAINING GRANTS (SECTION 104)
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests no funds for these grants in 1987. The Agency believes
that sufficient interest and opportunities exist for people to enter environmental
professions without Federal support.
1986 Program
The Agency is allocating $239,200 from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation to support graduate level academic training in environmental scien-
ces and engineering at 27 universities.
1985Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $216,000 from the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation for training grants. These funds were used to support
graduate level academic training in environmental sciences and engineering at
27 universities.
-------
I
WATER DUALITY
Mater Quality Strategies Implementation
PROGRAM
Dredge and Fill
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compile nee
TOTAL
Ocean Disposal Permits
Salaries t Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Env1 ronmental Emergency
Response f>. Prevention
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Standards $ Regulations
Salaries ^ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
r» i i _ _ _ _
ACTUAL
1985
$2,632.3
$471.9
$3,104.2
$2,061.3
$2,130.5
$4,191.8
$1,707.2
$1,633.7
$3,340.9
$4,085.4
$2,364.2
$6,449.6
$10,486.2
$6,600.3
BlinfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
$3,116.7
$1,653.3
$4,770.0
$2,1.14.2
$6,797.2
$8,931.4
$2,781.7
$1, 848.0
$4,629.7
$4,349.0
$2,51*5.3
$6,8fi4.3
$12,381.6
412,813.8
ENACTED
1986
W THOUSANDS)
$2,930.8
$1,653.3
$4,584.1
$2,168,2
$6,797.2
$8,965.4
$2,546.7
$1,948.0
$4,494.7
$4,347.5
$2,515.3
$6,862.8
$11,993.2
$12,913.8
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
-$126.0
-$71.1
-$197.1
-$93.1
-$292.2
-$385.3
-$109.7
-$83.8
-$193.5
-$187.1
-$108.2
-$295.3
-$515.9
-$555.3
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$2,804.8
$1,582.2
$4,387.0
$2,075.1
$6,505.0
$8,580.1
$2,437.0
$1,864.2
$4,301.2
$4,160.4
$2,407.1
$6,567.5
$11,477.3
$12,358.5
ESTIMATE
1987
$2,944.5
$1,653.3
$4,597.8
$2,491.9
$6,579.2
$9,071.1
$2,587.4
$1,848.0
$4,435.4
$4,130.7
$2,165.3
$6,296.0
$12,154.5
$12,245.8
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
$139.7
$71.1
$210.8
$416.8
$74.2
$491.0
$150.4
-$16.2
$134.2
-$29.7
-$241.8
-$271.5
$677.2
-$112.7
Compliance
-------
Water Duality
Water Quality Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
Water fual'lty
Strategies
Implementation
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL $17,086.5 $25,195.4 $24S907.0 -$1S071.2 $23,835.8 $24,400.3
PERMANENT 1IORKYEARS
Dredge and Fil1
Ocean Disposal Permits
Environmental Emergency
Response A Prevention
Standards * Regulations
TOTAL -PCrHANCPJ'! HORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Dredge and Fil1
Ocean Disposal Permits
Environmental Emergency
Response * Prevention
Standards A Regulations
TOTAL N0RKYEARS
$564.5
63. "S
38.9
41.3
86.5
?30.2
66.?
41.0
46.4
94.5
248.1
68.6
42.4
60.8
89.3
261.1
75.3
45.6
68.1
%.5
?84.5
68.8
44.3
60.9
87.1
261.1
75.3
47.0
68.0
95.5
285.8
68.fl
44.3
60.9
87.1
P61.1
75.3
4760
68.0
95.5
285.8
68.8
52.3
61.2
84.7
2G7.0
75. 3
55.4
68.0
91.6
290.3
8.0
0.3
-2.4
5.9
8.4
-3.9
4.5
-------
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Strategies Implementation
Budget' Request
The Agency requests a total of $24,400,300 supported by 290.3 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $564,500 and an increase of 4.5 total workyears from 1986.
Of this request, $12,154,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $12,245,800 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
an increase of $677,200 and a decrease of $112,700 respectively.
Program Description
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Dredge and Fill The focus of the Section 404 Program will be to ensure
that the most significant problems in wetlands and other aquatic systems are ident-
ified and appropriately addressed through implementation of improved scientific
and administrative methods for dealing with those problems. Headquarters will
develop guidance and revise regulations and procedures to ensure sound, effective,
and consistent methods to identify and address the most significant environmental
problems supported by an active enforcement and compliance program. Regions will
use their authorities to review and comment on public notices of permit applications
and, when necessary to protect significant resource values, will elevate permits,
restrict or prohibit discharges, and establish jurisdictional boundaries to ensure
a strong, efficient, and consistent program. Regions will assist in the identifica^
tion of critical wetlands requiring immediate protective action, will strengthen
efforts to have an effective 404 compliance and enforcement program, and will
continue their work in transferring the Section 404 Program to interested and
qualified States.
Ocean Disposal Permits The ocean disposal program includes the regulation
of ocean disposal by outfal1s, dumping, incineration at sea, designation of disposal
sites, development of ocean disposal policies, and participation in interagency
programs that deal with the development and protection of ocean resources. The
Agency's ocean disposal programs are authorized by the Marine Protection, Research
and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) of 1972 and the Clean Water Act, as amended, and are
consistent with the mandatory provisions of the current Convention on Prevention
of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, known as the London
Dumping Convention. This program supports both Headquarters and Regional staff.
To carry out ocean disposal permitting functions, the Administrator of EPA is
authorized to regulate the disposal of all materials except dredged material, which
is regulated by the Corps of Engineers. MPRSA prohibits the transportation and
dumping in ocean water of chemical, biological, and radiological warfare agents and
high level radioactive materials. EPA has statutory responsibility for designating
all ocean dumping sites, including those for dredged material.
Environmental Emergency Response and This program will continue
to maintaini an around-the-clock capability to receive notice of and respond to
major incidents of accidental releases of oil and other petroleum products. (Spills
of hazardous substances are covered under Superfund.) Removal actions will be
directed by Regional personnel at serious incidents where the responsible party is
unidentifiable, refuses to clean up-, or is, incapable of providing adequate response
and where State or local authorities lack appropriate expertise or resources.
The cleanup monitoring program will continue to provide incentive for adequate
removal by responsible parties, as well as serve as a mechanism for drawing State
and local agencies into directing removals themselves. The Agency's focus in 1986
WB-41
-------
will be on encouraging State and local governments to assume a greater share of the
responsibility for responsing to oil spills. Federal resources, therefore, will be
concentrated on major actions where State, local, or private response is not
feasible.
Standa_Ms and Regu 1 at i ons -;- This program implements water quality-based con-
trol s~bysetting waterquality' standards pursuant to Section 303, 304(a), and
307(a) of the Clean Water Act (CWA). EPA and the States use the water quality
criteria adopted in the standards as the basis for water quality-based controls.
EPA publishes guidance on water quality criteria applicable to freshwater, marine,
and estuarine environments and sediments. Under Section 405, the Agency develops
and publishes regulations providing guidelines for the disposal and utilization of
sludge. This program also includes Clean Lakes grants management. Both Headquart-
ers and Regional programs arp supported by this program element.
DREDGE AND FILL
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,597,800 supported by 75.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,944,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,653,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $139,700 and $71,100, respectively, no
change in total workyears. The increases reflect adjustments to the 1986 base as
part of government -wide deficit reductions.
The major focus of the Headquarters program will be to ensure that the most
significant national problems in wetland and other aquatic systems are identified
and protection increased appropriately through development of consistent and effec-
tive national policies and related guidance, implementation of revised regulations
and procedures for State program assumption, increased cooperative effort with
other Federal Agencies and through implementation of improved scientific and tech-
nical methods of addressing significant problems. This will increase program pre-
dictability and efficiency for the regulated public. Regions will continue to use
their authorities to protect significant resource values. Regions will also in-
crease their enforcement and compliance efforts and continue to encourage the
transfer of the Section 404 Program to interested and qualified States under the
revised regulations.
1986 Prog ran
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,387,000 supported by 75.3
total workyears for this program, of which $2,804,800 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,582,200 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
Headquarters will develop a system for identifying the most significant prob-
lems involving wetlands and other aquatic areas, improve scientific and technical
methods of addressing them, and finalize revisions to the 404 State Program regu-
lations. Regions will initiate action to address the most significant environmental
problems (for example, the loss of bottomland hardwood wetlands). Regions will
also strengthen efforts to transfer the 404 Program to the States and to ensure
general permits are environmentally sound.
In 19R5, the Agency obligated a total of $3,104,200 supported by 66.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,632,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $471,900 from the Abatement, Control and CompTiance appropria-
tion.
WQ-42
-------
Headquarters initiated development of a 1986 EPA Program Management plan, and
proposed revised 404 State Program regulations. Regions reviewed over 5,000 Section
404 permits, ensured general permits were soundly developed, continued to work with
States on 404 program assumption, and exercised EPA's authorities under the Clean
Water Act to prevent unacceptable discharges of dredged and fill material.
OCEAN DISPOSAL PERMITS
1987 P rogram R eg u est
The Agency requests a total of $9,071,100 supported by 55.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,491,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $6,579,200 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $416,800 and $74,200, respectively, and
an increase of 8.4 in total workyears. The increases reflect expande'd emphasis on
deep water site management and ocean incineration permitting.
The Agency will be completing development of a comprehensive revision to the
ocean dumping regulations and development of program guidance and technical pro-
tocols as required. The comprehensive revision will be responsive to two court
cases, amendments to legislation, and the knowledge and experience gained through
program management.
Further evaluations will he conducted in fully assessing the long term impacts
of incineration-at-sea. With the promulgation of the incineration-at-sea regula-
tion in 1986, there will be increased site designation activity, permitting activ-
ity and. a corresponding increase for comprehensive monitoring activity.
The Agency will be continuing to review and issue permits for municipal and
industrial ocean disposal. This activity includes evaluating and characterizing
waste samples on a case-by-case basis. The Agency will also continue to review
dredged material disposal permits issued by the Corps of Engineers, and will con-
tinue the accelerated preparation of environmental assessments to support site
designations for those dredged material disposal sites not covered by the National
Wildlife Federation (NWF) Consent Decree.
The ongoing site management responsibilities will increase as more interim
dredged material disposal sites are designated as final sites and there is increas-
ing usage of deep water sites for municipal and industrial disposal operations and
incineration-at-sea burns. There will be a further emphasis on data management as
the number of continuing and comprehensive site monitoring programs increases
through the operation of the dredged material sites with final designations and of
the deep water disposal and burn sites.
The Agency plans to resolve issues on regulatory, operational and administra-
tive issues and institute user fees for this program in 1987. Fees received
from the Ocean Disposal Permits program will not affect the Budget Authority re-
quested for the program in 1987,
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,580,100 supported by 47.0
total workyears for this program, of which $2,075,100 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $6,505,000 is from the Abatement, Control, and Compli-
ance appropriation.
. The program is continuing to develop the ocean dumping regulations. These
regulations respond to a 1981 court decision, which ruled, that the Agency must
consider the comparative environmental effects of land versus ocean disposal in con-
WQ-43
-------
sidering an ocean disposal permit application. That court decision also requires
the Agency to provide for balancing the environmental effects of ocean disposal
methods, while meeting specific environmental criteria established by the Statute.
In the area of site designation and monitoring, the program has scheduled 26
surveys of interim and existing ocean disposal sites for site designation purposes
and to determine the environmental impacts of disposal. Two deep water sites with-
in the New York 106-mile site is being monitored in accordance with a comprehensive
monitoring plan.
Of particular concern in 1986 is the development and implementation of the
incineration-at-sea regulation, paralleled by the implementation of the research
strategy for this program. Additional ports of loading and potential incineration
sites are being surveyed for designation in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Compre-
hensive incineration site monitoring programs are being implemented to assure ade-
quate baseline information for designation and/or to assess continuing protection
of the marine environment through adequate site management. A permit has been
proposed for a research burn. The Agency is establishing a comprehensive monitoring
assessment and impact analysis program to review the data from the research burn
to support authorization of subsequent burns. A major element of the impact analysis
program is the development of a predictive model to be used 1n assessing environment-
al impacts from incineration operations.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $4,191,800 supported by 41.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,061,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,130,500 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
The majority of the extramural resources were for site surveys, development of
environmental assessments, and site designation, and the review, processing, and
issuance of permits for ocean disposal. This includes evaluating and characterizing
waste samples provided by facilities applying for permits. The waste characteris-
tics are examined .for suitability for ocean disposal at existing sites on a case-by-
case basis.
The Agency conducted monitoring surveys of existing and interim designated
ocean disposal sites. Samples were collected and analyzed to determine and monitor
the environmental impacts of waste disposal at the designated ocean sites. Environ-
mental Impact Statements were issued on ocean disposal sites as required under the
National Wildlife Federation Consent Decree. Additional site designation work was
begun on interim designated material disposal sites not covered under the Consent
Decree.
Substantial work was undertaken for the incineration-at-sea program. Regula-
tions were proposed in February 1985. EPA held 5 public hearings and conducted
numerous informational briefings around the country. Over 500 separate comments
were received during the comment period which closed in June 1985, In addition,
EP&.produced a research strategy to support the program and initiated efforts to
implement the research strategy.
Work was initiated on revision of the ocean dumping regulations.
ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND PREVENTION
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $4,435,400 supported by 68.0 total, workyears
years for this program, of which $2,587,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,848,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
WQ-44
-------
appropriation. This reflects an increase of $150,400 and a decrease of $16,200,
respectively, and no change in total workyears. The increase is due to higher
operating costs.
The Agency has a 24-hour-a-day capability to respond to notifications of
accidental spills or threats of releases. Federal removal is directed at major
incidents where the responsible party is unidentifiable, refuses to clean up,
or is incapable of providing timely and adequate removal and where the States
and local authorities lack the necessary expertise, equipment, or funding.
Spill notifications will be processed to determine what, if any, response
is required. The Federal government will direct response operations at 120
major spills and will monitor on-scene at 400 removals conducted by responsible
parties or State and local authorities to ensure adequate response.
Federal regulations require the implementation of a Spill Prevention, Control,
and Countermeasure (SPCC) plan at oil storage facilities and transfer points that
could reasonably be expected to spill a significant amount of oil into the waters
of the United States. Regional staff, with assistance from contractor personnel,
will conduct compliance inspections at selected facilities included in the SPCC
program, in an effort to reduce the frequency and volume of releases that occur. An
estimated 1,5.50 SPCC inspections will be conducted.
The Agency also maintains an Environmental Response Team (ERT) to provide
Regional and State personnel with response training and on-site technical and
operational assistance at complex emergency incidents. The F.RT is staffed by
personnel with a high degree of expertise in the areas of spill control and
removal, spill sampling and analysis techniques, and damage assessments.
Regional response capability is augmented through the Technical Assistance
Team (TAT) contract. This contract provides contractor workyears to assist
Regional staff and the ERT in responding to Clean Water Act section 3.11 spills
and environmental emergencies.
1986 Program
In 1986 the Agency is allocating a total of $4,301,200 supported by 68.0
total workyears to this program, of which $2,437,000 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,864,200 is from the Abatement, Control, and Com-
pliance appropriation.
Headquarters will ensure overall management of the program and the Regions
will be responsible for managing response actions. The oil component of the ERT
will provide special engineering and technical advice at any unusually large or
complex spills. Regional personnel will be available on a 24-hour basis to
respond to the estimated 9,000 notifications received by the National Response
Center of accidental releases of oil and other petroleum products. The Agency
will provide on-scene monitoring at 400 removals undertaken by responsible parties
or State and local authorities and will direct removals at 120 major oil incidents.
An estimated 1,550 SPCC Inspections will be conducted.
19R5 Accompli shments
In 1985 the Agency obligated $3,340,900 supported by 46.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,707,200 was,from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,633,700 was from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appro-
priation. . Regional offices received and screened over 9,000 notifications of
oil spill releases. Of these, the Agency directed removals at 58 major oil
spills and responded on-scene at 370 non-Federally funded incidents. In addi-
WQ-45
-------
STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
1987ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $6,296,000 supported by 91.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,130,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,165,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents a decrease of $29,700 and $241,800, respectively, and a
decrease of 3.9 In total workyears. Resource decreases reflect the completion of
sediment studies and the issuance of sediment criteria in 1986.
State water quality standards serve as the regulatory basis for treatment
controls that go beyond technology-based treatment requirements. The Agency will
continue to work with States to identify water quality limited stream segments
where standards revisions may be warranted. The revised water quality standards
regulation specifies that States must identify specific water bodies where toxic
pollutants are known or suspected to be causing use impairment. To ensure that
water quality standards are based on adequate data and information, and that they
meet the requirements of the Clean Water Act, the Regional Offices will continue
assisting States in collecting data and determining where site-specific criteria
development may be warranted.
The program will continue to work with States in integrating the development
of site-specific criteria into the States' standards review and revision process.
The program will provide guidance and assistance to the States to resolve intra-
and interstate issues affecting toxic pollutant permit controls, and continue to
develop guidance to help States establish and implement approaches for applying
numerical or narrative toxic standards in permitting programs.
In 1987, the program will continue its primary emphasis on developing and
issuing water quality criteria and water quality advisories for freshwater and
marine aquatic life to help States determine appropriate protection levels for
toxic and other pollutants. Water quality advisories provide screening levels for
pollutants based on available data for both aquatic life and human health effects.
State adoption of criteria for toxic pollutants is a requirement under the revised
water quality standards regulation.
The Agency will promulgate technical criteria and management practices for
the reuse or disposal of municipal sewage sludge in 1987, and the program will
shift from regulation development to regulation implementation.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $6,567,500 and 95.5 total work-
years for this program, of which $4,160,400 is from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,407,100 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The Agency continues its emphasis on the development and issuance of criteria
and water quality advisories primarily for toxic and non-conventional pollutants in
fresh and marine environments. In 1985, the Agency initiated work on developing
scientific methods for screening pollutants in sediment, and in 1986, is planning
to propose sediment criteria for four pollutants, two organic chemicals and two me-
tals.
The program is working with the States to implement the revised water quality
standards regulation with special emphasis on adopting toxic criteria and upgrading
water body uses to fishable and swimmahle standards. Greater priority is being
given to examining the adequacy of any narrative criteria for toxics and identifying
the method by which the State intends to regulate point source discharges- of toxic
pollutants. Regional Offices continue to review State-adopted additions or revi-
sions to water quality standards. EPA is assisting the States in the use of site-
specific criteria and use attainability protocols.
WQ-46
-------
The Agency is developing regulations for the disposal and utilization of muni-
cipal sewage sludge under Section 405 of the CWA. The program will propose metho-
dologies for developing numerical limits, management practices and technological
controls of sludge, to develop environmental profiles for contaminants of concern,
and to issue technical summary documents for each sludge disposal option. This
effort will provide the technical basis for conducting intermedia analyses and
for proposal of technical sewage sludge regulations in 1986.
The Agency will continue to provide management of the Clean Lakes projects and
assist States and local agencies in overseeing lake restoration project funding.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $6,449,600 supported by 94.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,085,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $2,364,200 -was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The program published final documents for nine freshwater criteria, ten marine
criteria and a revised methodology, and proposed a new criteria for dissolved oxygen.
Screening level procedures and a long term workplan were developed for sediment
criteria, and the microbiological criteria was proposed. Planning and development
of water quality advisories was initiated. Environmental profiles and an overall
summary for forty-nine possible pollutants was published for the sewage sludge
criteria/regulations. The variance policy of the revised water quality standards
regulation was updated and guidance on anti-degradation was published. Technical
workshops were conducted on implementation of the standards regulation, use attain-
ability analyses, and development of site-specific criteria.
The Agency responded to hundreds of requests from all States for support in
conducting use attainability analyses, setting site-specific criteria, and in-
creasing the coverage of toxic pollutants in State standards. Water quality stand-
ards promulgation was proposed for Idaho and public hearings were conducted. The
program continued management of the Clean Lakes program, which included reviewing
and approving grant applications for existing Clean Lakes projects.
WQ-47
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
PROGRAM.
WATER OUALITY
Hater Quality Monitoring
Analysis
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REIIJCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1
-------
Coastal Environment
Management
Water Quality
Monitoring & Analysis
TOTAL WORKYEARS
WATER nilALITY
Water Duality Monitoring £ Analysis
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Coastal Environment
Management
Water Pual i ty
Monitoring * Analysis
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL MORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
5.9
166.4
172.3
RUOfiET
ESTIMATE
1Q86
(DOLLARS
e.n
153.3
159.3
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
41 tl
154.0
195.1
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
41.1
154.0
195.1
ESTIMATE
1987
41* 1
150.3
191.4
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-3.7
-3.7
6.4
187.1
193.5
6.0
44.8
170.8 170.8
176.8 215.6
44.8
44.8
170.8 163.5
215.6
208.3
-7.3
-7.3
-------
HATER QUALITY
Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of 118,210,600 supported hy 208.3 workyears for
1987, a decrease of $1,928,600 and 7.3 total workyears from 1986. Of the request,
$9,123,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $9,087,60(1 will
be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, a decrease of $19,600
and $1,909,000 respectively.
Program Description
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Coastal Enyironment Management This program element integrates all Clean
Water Act activities related to Coastal waters including estuarine management (pre-
viously budgeted under Comprehensive Estuarine Management) and 301(h) marine dis-
charge waivers (previously budgeted under Permit Issuance). This program provides
assistance to support those State and local management activities required to pro-
tect or to restore the estuarine zone and continental shelf ecosystem, including
water quality, balanced indigenous populations of marine biota, and other beneficial
uses, from the adverse impacts of toxic, nutrient and other pollutants. This in-
cludes 1) supporting State and local studies for selected estuarine Initiatives,
2} making determinations on (and monitoring) ocean discharge waiver requests, and
3) evaluating all ocean discharges against 403(c) criteria. This program supports
both Headquarters and Regional staffs.
Water Quality Monitoring and -- This program supports biological,
chemical,and physical evaluations of water quality to assess water quality status
and trends, identify water quality problems and their causes, and determine cost-
effective levels of control required to meet local water quality objectives. The
program emphasizes effective technical guidance and assistance to the States, which
are primarily responsible for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting monitoring
data. These activities and requirements are authorized by Sections 104, 106, 303,
and 305 of the Clean Water Act. This program supports both Headquarters and Regional
staffs.
COASTAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,882,500 supported by 44.8 total workyears for
this program, of which $1,686,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $6,195,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
represents an increase of $55,500 and a decrease of $1,149,300, respectively and no
change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjust-
ments to the 1986 base as part of the government-wide deficit reductions. The de-
crease in Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects the completion of two estuarine
studies.
In 1987 the Agency will continue to manage technical support contracts for the
review of 301(h) marine discharge waiver applications and monitoring programs. Most
decisions will he completed by the end of the year and waiver recipients will begin
implementing water quality monitoring programs. The focus of the program will have
shifted to the managing and analyzing of monitoring data from waiver recipients.
WQ-50
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The Agency will begin providing technical support for the preparation of
403(c) Ocean Discharge Criteria Evaluations for general permits for oil and gas
operations on the outer continental shelf.
Technical support will continue for the national estuarine programs. This
comprehensive estuarine approach includes quantifying pollutant loads, assessing
impacts on estuarine water quality and resources, and providing recommendations
on priority trade-offs of load reduction between sources so that EPA and States
can take the appropriate steps to restore or maintain and, where possible, en-
hance environmental quality. The approach uses participatory management and joint
decision making among Federal, State, and local authorities, as well as the public,
to define the nature and extent of environmental problems, analyze appropriate
data, relate ambient water quality conditions to land based pollutant loads, gather
monitoring data and develop monitoring plans, and recommend alternative management
actions to abate environmental problems.
It is anticipated that two of the national estuarine studies started in 1985
will be nearing completion as public discussion of their draft master plans
begins. Two new estuarine initiatives will be selected on the basis of national
environmental priorities.
1986 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $8,976,300 supported by 44.8 total work-
years in this program, of which $1,631,300 is from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $7,345,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During 1986, the estuarine management program 1s accelerating the integration
of work products from 1985, including problem identification and assessment,
pollutant source quantification, assessment of impacts on environmental quality,
and specific action plans for priority problems identified. These are essential
inputs for the monitoring programs and the development of comprehensive environ-
mental master plans for Long Island Sound, Narragansett Bay, Buzzards Bay, and
Puget Sound. The plans will balance pollution control levels between point and
nonpoint sources, and will form the basis for Implementing control actions to
achieve environmental results.
The Agency, in coordination with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admini-
stration (NOAA), is assisting selected State and local agencies in the development
and implementation of estuarine studies and programs through financial assistance,
both matching grants and contracts, and generic guidance developed on the basis of
the Agency's experience in the Chesapeake Bay and Great Lakes Programs. The Agency
is also developing a technology transfer system to aid the selected estuary
programs and other estuarine initiatives, as appropriate, in the interchange of
technical methodologies and program management techniques.
During 1986, 3pl(h) decisions will be accelerated to assure that National
Municipal Policy Waiver recipients are implementing their monitoring programs and
submitting monitoring data to the Agency for analysis.
1985 Accompl 1 shnients
In 1985, the Agency obligated for the Comprehensive Estuarine Management
activities in this program element a total of $336,200, supported by 6.4 workyears
for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The 301(h) activities in this program element were included in the Permit Issuance
program element in 1985.
The Agency, in coordination with NOAA, assisted State and local agencies
dealing with these four water bodies during 1985 in the formulation of work pro-
WQ-51
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grams to carry out studies to determine wasteload sources and characteristics, to
locate and quantify nutrient and toxic problem areas, and to identify the manage-
ment and data needs for the design of control and abatement programs. EPA provided
financial assistance through matching grants and contracts to carry out the studies.
The overall schedule for completion of each estuary will vary depending on the
complexity of the estuary, and extent of previously completed work.
On the basis of nutrient and toxics abatement experiences gained in the
Chesapeake Ray Program and the Great Lakes Program, the Agency developed a national
estuarine policy and generic estuarine program guidance document for use by State
Ind local officials in program design and implementation.
Under the Comprehensive Estuarine Management .sub-activity in the Research and
Development appropriation, $3,962,500 was obligated for water quality research,
sampling, monitoring, and assessment in this area. This was the initial funding
provided to assist State and local agencies in developing programs for Long Island
Sound, Narragansett Bay, Buzzards Bay, and Puget Sound to protect the critical
ecosystems of these estuarine zones from land-generated nutrient and toxic pollu-
tants.
WATER nu AL .1
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,328,100 supported by 163.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $7,436,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $?., 891, 900 will he for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents a decrease of $75,100 and $759,700 respectively and a
decrease of 7.3 total workyears. These decreases primarily reflect reduced emphasis
on issuance of detailed technical guidance documents and the completion of the
National Dioxin Study final report.
Many dischargers of toxic pollutants may need more stringent National Pollu-
tant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit limitations in order to meet
State water quality standards. For this reason, a high priority of the program
is to continue to assist States in developing water quality-based controls for
toxic pollutants for NPDES permits. The program will continue to assist States
and Regions in the use of biomonitorlng techniques for assessing and controlling
toxicity of effluents, and in the use of new interactive wasteload allocation
(WLA) models for personal computers. The program will provide workshops on WLAs
and will work with States on site-specific WLA projects. In addition, the Regions
will continue technical reviews of State-submitted total maximum/ daily loads (TMDLs)
and WLAs.
The program will continue to improve the management and use of water quality
information for purposes of selecting and analyzing problem waters. New methods
such as biological survey techniques and computerized files will be developed and
maintained for use by Regions and States in identifying and tracking waters. The
program will also conduct additional pilot applications of data integration techni-
ques with the States for their use in biennial Section 305(b) assessments and for
WLAs.
The program will work actively with States to continue the shift of emphasis
from routine monitoring of conventional pollutants to address aquatic toxicity and
human health problems. The Regions will continue to assess water quality problems
and conduct laboratory analyses at priority sites and work with States 1n iden-
tifying stream reaches that need water quality -based controls including WLAs.
The program will continue studies of bioaccumulative pollutants in fish tissue
and contamination of sediments. In the 1984 Section 305(b) reports, several States
reported detectable levels of toxic pollutants in fish tissue that exceeded Food
WQ-52
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and Drug Administration (FDA) action levels, and reported other actions such as
fish consumption advisories and bans. The Agency's bioaccumulation study is de-
signed to characterize the nature and extent of fish tissue contamination. Sampling
and statistical analysis will be completed by the end of 1987. Also, the program
will initiate field sampling activities as part of a comprehensive national assess-
ment of accumulation of toxic pollutants in sediments in order for EPA to deal with
these difficult, unregulated contamination problems. The sediment study will eval-
uate the nature of the problem and its causes, and will investigate the technical,
administrative, and legal aspects of alternatives for mitigating sediment contamin-
ation problems. The results of these studies will assist in focusing future regula-
tory control actions to reduce exposure to toxic pollutants. The program will con-
tinue its support of quality assurance (QA) for all monitoring activities and pro-
vide positions for the Environmental Services Division Directors.
1986Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $11,162,900 supported by 170.8 total work-
years for this program, of which $7,511,300 is from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,651,600 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The program is continuing to work with the-States to implement the monitoring
strategy which EPA updated in 1985 to emphasize improved information management
to help target toxic pollutant monitoring. Regions will work with States to assure
that State programs are directed to the important environmental problems and that
water quality-based permits are developed where appropriate.
The program is providing technical support to States for developing water
quality-based limitations and improving methods used to support State permit writ-
ers. The program will provide technical assistance in analyzing the State back-
log of toxic pollutant samples. We will provide assistance to State permit writers
1n the use of biomonitoring techniques and in directly assessing the chronic and
acute toxicity of discharges. Review of State WLAs and TM)Ls will continue with
special emphasis on areas where control decisions are most needed.
Headquarters is issuing further technical guidance and conduct additional
workshops on WLAs and biomonitoring approaches. These methodologies will be ex-
tended to key types of estuarine and marine waters. In addition, field tests of the
technical guidance will be performed in cooperation with other Headquarters offices,
Regions and States,
Analysis and evaluation of the results of the National Dioxin Study was com-
pleted in December 1985 and a final report is being prepared for Congress. The
program is conducting follow-up assessments in some locations to identify the speci-
fic sources of dioxin problems and will initiate appropriate clean-up, health
advisories or other actions. Also, sampling and analysis will begin in 1986 on a
study of other dioxin isomers and on other persistent and bioaceumulative pollutants
in fish tissue. The study will utilize samples collected during the dioxin study
and new samples collected at areas of suspected contamination. In a separate study
the program will compile an inventory of sediment contamination problems throughout
the United States. The information will be used in 1987 to target field sampling
activities, as part of a comprehensive national assessment.
The program will continue to implement quality assurance (QA) efforts. This
includes overseeing State QA implementation required in EPA grants, participating
1n interlaboratory tests and audits, and reviewing QA procedures. The program
will also continue to operate and enhance the water quality information systems.
The Regional offices will work with the States in- preparing the 1986 Section
305(b) report.
WQ-53
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1985 Accomplishment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated $12,832,300 supported by 187.1 total workyears
for this program of which $8,170,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $4,661,900 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The program continued to promote the use of biomonitoring and to assist in
development of TMDLs and WLAs. In conjunction with the National Pollutant Dis-
charge Elimination System (NPDES) program, we issued a final technical support
document for water quality-based control of toxic pollutants, using biomonitoring
to assess the toxicity of effluents. The two programs jointly held seven technical
workshops for Regions and States to explain and promote the use of these methods.
The program developed a pilot test of these technical approaches for controlling
actual instream consequences of the discharge of toxicity in effluents.
The program completed sampling for the National Dioxin Study, "His effort
included sampling a representative number of hydrologic units to assess dioxin
build-up in bed sediments and native fish. It also included intensive surveys at
a sample of manufacturing and pesticide use sites. A final report is being prepar-
ed for issuance in FY 1986.
The program issued the 1984 Section 305(b) Water Quality Inventory Report to
Congress and issued guidance to the States for preparing the 1986 Section 305(b)
report. This guidance incorporated the standardized approach for assessing and
reporting water quality which EPA developed jointly with the States during 1983-
1984.
WQ-54
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PROGRAM
WATER QUALITY
Municipal Source Control
ACTUAL
1985
RUWFT
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BDOGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTI'IATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
!
in
Municipal Uaste
Treatment Facility
Construction
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compli ance
Abatement Control and.
Compliance
$21,834.9
$20,719.1
$13,000.0
TOTAL $55,554.0
Waste Treatment
Operations I
Maintenance
Salaries K Expenses
$1,413.6
TOTAL $1,413.6
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
. Abatement Control and
Compliance
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Municipal Source
Control
$21,895.0 $21,800.2
$19,979.1 $21,979.1
-$937.5 $20,862.7 $20,173.6 -$688.9
-$945.1 $21,034.0 $18,779.1 -$2,254.9
$41,874.1 $43,779.3 -$l,882,fi $41,896.7 $38,952.9 -$2,943.8
$23,248.5
$20,719.1
$13,000.0
TOTAL $56,967.6
$1,577.9 $1,549.6
$1,577.9 $1,549.6
$23,472,9 $23,349.8
$19,979.1 $21,979.1
-$66.6 $1,483.0 $1,353.9 -$129.1
-$66.6 $1,483.0 $1,353.9 -$129.1
-$1,004.1 $22,345.7 $21,527.7 -$818.0
-$945.1 $21,034.0 $18,779.1 -$2,254.9
$43,452.0 $45,328.9 -$1,949.2 $43,379.7 $40,306.8 -$3,072.9
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MATER QUALITY
Municipal Source Control
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET
1986 REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIHATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility
Construction
Waste Treatment
Operations $
Maintenance
TOTAL PERMANENT WOPXYEARS
TOTAL WOPKYEARS
Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility
Construction
Waste Treatment
Operations ft
Maintenance
482.6 472.5 472.0
32.8
32.8
33.1 33.7
515.4 505.6 505.7
539.6 523.5 523.2
34.3 34.5
472.0 461.3 -10.7
33.7 30.5
34.5 30.5
-3.2
505.7 491.8 -13.9
523.2 480.4 -42.8
-4.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
572.4 557.8 557.7
557.7 510.9 -46.8
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WATER QUALITY
Municipal Source Control
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $40,306,800 supported by 510.9 total work-
years for 1987, a decrease of $3,072,900 and 46.8 total workyears from 1986.
Of the request, $21,527,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $18,779,100 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
a decrease of $818,000 and $2,254,900, respectively.
Program Description
This subactivity provides resources at Headquarters and in the Regions for
management of the Construction Grants program. For budgetary purposes, re-
sources devoted to managing the Construction Grants Program are divided into the
following components:
Municipal Haste Treatment Facility Construction This program includes
most of the management activities; associated with the Construction Grants pro-
gram in Headquarters and Regional Offices, Abatement, Control and Compliance
resources primarily support an Interagency agreement with the Corps of Engi-
neers. Through this agreement, the Corps provides a wide range of construction
management and training activities to assure the technical and fiscal integrity
of wastewater treatment project construction.
Haste Treatment Operations and Maintenance This program supports deve-
lopment of State programs to ensure that Publicly Owned Wastewater Treatment
Works (POTWs) meet effluent requirements. It also provides support 1n imple-
menting the Agency's National Municipal Policy.
MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY CONSTRUCTION
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $38,952,900 supported by 480.4 total work-
years for this program, of which $20,173,800 will be for the Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation and $18,779,100 will be for the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation. This represents a decrease of $688,900 and $2,254,900,
respectively, and a decrease of 42.8 total workyears. The decrease in Salaries
and Expenses reflects reduced EPA staffing needs as a result of reduced numbers
of new awards and active projects and reduced emphasis on State technical
assistance. The decrease in Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects lower
funding requirements for the Corps of Engineers Interagency Agreement due to
overall workload reductions.
Working with States, the Agency will manage a phaseout of Construction
Grants by providing needed regulations, policies, and guidance to develop and
implement State and local programs. EPA will act primarily as overall program
manager with the States and the Corps will perform most project management ac-
tivities. EPA will continue to exercise remaining nondelegated project manage-
mentrelated responsibilities in the States and territories. Grants and permits
coordination will continue to be provided to implement the National Municipal
Policy. The $16,759,300 request for the Corps of Engineers IAG will purchase
365 workyears of effort to provide construction management assistance to EPA
and the States. The Corps will emphasize training of States to accelerate
delegation of construction management activities in addition to its traditional
construction management activities at active construction projects.
WQ-57
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The 1986 Needs Survey will be completed and Issued. EPA will continue to
work with States to target available funds to meet highest priority water quality
needs. To assist implementation of appropriate wastewater treatment technologies,
EPA will publish materials on latest technological findings, and guidance to States
on sludge management programs and practices. The Municipal Lagoon Study required
by the 1984 Amendments to the Resource Conservation-and Recovery Act (RCRA) will be
completed and its findings will be summarized in a Report to Congress.
The Agency will monitor and provide project-specific assistance to eliminate
remaining project completi-on/closeout backlogs and resolve claims and grantee
appeals issues. Work will continue with the Office of Inspector General on audits
and bidrigging control.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $41,896,700 supported by 523.2
total workyears for this program, of which $20,862,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $21,034,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compli-
ance appropriation.
In 1986, EPA is focusing on revising program regulations, policies and guid-
ance needed to implement any statutory changes. The Agency 1s continuing to mon-
itor State program management and to perform non-delegated program management
activities. The Corps of Engineers is continuing to assist EPA and the States to
ensure project construction integrity. The Corps will expend $18,400,000 and
provide 418 workyears of construction management support.
The Agency is promulgating amendments to construction grants management regu-
lations and issuing guidance on conducting value engineering reviews for projects
under $10,000,000. Special review of proposed advanced treatment projects with
incremental costs over $3,000,000 is continuing in Headquarters and is being dele-
gated on a trial basis In three Regional Offices. Funds allocated for operator
training are being targeted to States to continue providing on-site compliance
assistance to small communities.
1985 Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $55,554,000 supported by 539.6
total workyears for this program, of which $21,834,900 was from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $33,719,100 was from the Abatement, Control, and Com-
pliance appropriation. A special appropriation of $13,000,000 in Abatement, Con-
trol and Compliance was used to support the operation of a solid waste disposal
facility in Akron, Ohio.
Regional staff worked closely with the States to ensure orderly implementa-
tion of the 1981 statutory changes coming into effect in 1985. In 1985, 845 pro-
jects initiated operation and 977 were closed out. The $17,050,000 for the Corps
Interagency Agreement purchased 431 workyears of support to EPA and States to en-
sure technical and fiscal integrity of construction projects. Unliquidated oblig-
ations were reduced from $9,900,000,000 to $9,100,000,000.
The 1984 Needs Survey was published in 1985 presenting for the first time
water quality and use improvements for each of 314 sub-basins. The Agency devel-
oped proposed sludge management regulations and promulgated revised secondary
treatment regulations, including implementing guidance for State and local offi-
cials. Headquarters evaluated Regional review procedures concerning proposed high
cost Advanced Treatment projects and submitted a Report to Congress. The Agency
also awarded grants for the remaining 16 Marine Combined Sewer projects meeting
national criteria. In 1985, the POTW Funding Task Force submitted its findings on
funding strategies to promote long-term State and local self-sufficiency in financ-
ing wastewater treatment and long-term municipal compliance.
WQ-58
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Grants totaling $?,300,000 for operator training were awarded to States to con-
tinue to provide onsite compliance assistance to operators of small facilities and
to a national association to assist development of more effective, self-sufficient
State operator training and Operation and Maintenance programs,
HASTE TREATMENT OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
1987ProgramRequest
the Agency requests a total of $1,353,900 supported by 30.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $129,100 and 4.0 total workyears. The decrease
reflects the ongoing progress of this program in developing effective State opera-
tions and maintenance and operator training programs.
To help ensure that Federally funded facilities continue to meet design per-
formance and compliance requirements, Regional and State staff will continue to
provide onsite compliance assistance at minor POTWs to implement the Operations
Management Evaluation (OME) Program. In support of National Municipal Policy com-
pliance, Regional staff will also assist in review of proposed compliance plans from
communities not meeting their permit discharge limits.
EPA will also continue to implement the national Operation and Maintenance
(OfllM) Excellence Awards program. Staff will continue to review grantee first year
project performance certifications. Regional staff will also continue to work with
States to promote self-sufficiency in operator training and maintain essential over-
sight of State program implementation.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,483,000 supported by 34.5
total workyears, all of- which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Building on State program accomplishments, EPA Regional Office staff are
implementing a new Operations Management Evaluation (OME) program at small publicly
owned treatment facilities that are not in compliance, providing onsite compliance
assistance in each State and managing State operator training grants. EPA will
also implement a National 0AM Excellence Awards program. Regional awards will be
presented to sixty municipalities and national awards will be presented to six
outstanding municipalities based on their O&M and compliance programs. Regional
staff are continuing to assist EPA and State compliance programs to implement the
National Municipal Policy, EPA is continuing to encourage implementation of State
operator training action plans and compliance program integration.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,413,600 supported by 32.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
The Agency issued guidance on implementation of the OME and O&M awards pro-
grams. The impact of the grantee first year performance certification requirements
contained in the 1981 Amendments were felt significantly in 1985 as increasing
numbers of performance certifications were received for review. EPA continued to
assist States and grantees in developing improved operations and maintenance and
operator training programs. Regional staff maintained oversight of operator
training programs funded with prior year grants and awarded grants from the 1985
appropriation. Approximately 600 small facilities have been returned to compliance
in the States and Puerto Rico. EPA submitted a Report to Congress on Training For
Operators of Publicly Owned Wastewater Treatment Plants and, with States, is con-
tinuing to implement the multi-year plans in the report for ensuring self-sufficient,
compliance-oriented State training programs.
WQ-59
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Enforcement
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MATER QUALITY
ENFORCEMENT
Water Quality Enforcement....; WQ-61
Mater Quality Permit Issuance.... WQ-66
Permit Issuance. WQ-67
WQ-60
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yATER OUALITY
Water Duality Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Water Quality
Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$14,fi90.2 $15,549.7 $16,629.2 -$714.8 $15,914.4 $15,999.5 $85.1
$1,280.6 $2,001.9 $6,057.0 -$260.4 $5,796.6 $2,057.0 -$3,739.6
TOTAL $15,970.8 $17,551.6 $22,686.2 -$975.2 $21,711.0 $18,056,5 -$3,654.5
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Ahatenent Control and
Compliance
Water Quality
Enforcenent
$14,690.2 $15,549.7 $16,629.2 -$714.8 $15,914.4 $15,999.5
$1,280.6 $2,001.9 $6,057.0
$85.1
$260.4 $5,796.6 $2,057.0 -$3,739.6
TOTAL $15,970.8 $17,551.6 $22,686.2 -$975.R $21,711.0 $18,056.5 -$3,654.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Enforcement
TOTAL PFRMANENT HORKYEARS
351.3 359.9 383.4
351.3 359.9 383.4
383.4 383.4
383.4 383.4
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Enforcenent
385.2
392.4 416.3
416.3 408.3
-8.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
385.2
392.4 416.3
416.3 408.3
-8.0
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WATER QUALITY
Uater Duality Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,056,500 supported by 408.3 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $3,654,500 and R.O total workyears from 1986. Of the re-
quest, $15,999,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $2,057,000
will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase of
$85,100. and a decrease of $3,739,600, respectively. The increase in Salaries and
Expenses reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of governmentwide deficit
reductions. The decrease in Abatement, Control, and Compliance primarily reflects
discontinuation of a special grant program for improved enforcement..
Program Descri pti on
Water Qua!ity Enforcement The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
Systei {NPT)ES) 'Eh forcement Program (including pretreatment) assures the compliance
of municipal and industrial permittees with NPDES requirements through a program of
monitoring and inspections, administrative enforcement, and technical support of
judicial enforcement actions. Major activities include 1) inspection of permittees
("permittee" includes industrial users of publicly-owned treatment works), 2) review
of permittee monitoring data, 3) maintenance of a national data system, 4) identi-
fication and evaluation for appropriate follow-up of permittees in noncompliance,
and 5) initiation of informal and formal enforcement actions to ensure compliance.
Where -informal negotiations and administrative enforcement actions do not result in
compliance, cases are referred for judicial action and appropriate technical
support is provided.
In addition to the NPDES portion of the Water Ouality Enforcement Program,
administrative and technical support is provided for the issuance of administrative
enforcement actions against violations of the Spill Prevention Control and Counter-
measure Plan requirements. Referrals are made to the U.S. Coast Guard for civil
penalty assessment for oil and hazardous substance spill violations (Section 311(b)
(6)(A)) in waters where EPA has jurisdiction, and inspection support is provided
for enforcement against illegal dredge and fill activities (Section 404).
WATER QUALITY ENFORCEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,056,500 supported by 408.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $15,999,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,057,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents an increase of $85,100 and a decrease of $3,739,600, respec-
tively, and a decrease of 8.0 total workyears. The decrease in workyears reflects
the shift from data entry to data updating and system maintenance for the Permit
Compliance System (PCS). The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjustments
to the 1986 base as part of governmentwide deficit reductions. The decrease in
Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects completion of special grants to States
for improved enforcement.
In 1987, EPA will focus on control of toxic discharges to surface waters by
giving priority to implementation of the National Municipal Policy (NMP), overview
and implementation of the pretreatment program, and compliance assessment and
enforcement of Rest Available Technology (BAT) and water quality based permits.
By the end of 1986, all major municipalities in nondelegated States needing
construction to meet the July 1, 1988 statutory compliance deadline should be on
enforceable schedules. Therefore, under the National Municipal Policy in 1987, EPA
WQ-62
-------
will focus on assuring that permittees placed on enforceable schedules comply with
those schedules. EPA will address all of the major permittees that fail to comply
with established schedules in nondelegated States through administrative orders and
referrals to the Department of Justice. All major municipalities in nondelegated
States that have completed construction and have operations and maintenance problems
which result in noncompllance will also be addressed. A second objective related
to implementation of the NMP is establishing schedules for the approximately 1,100
minor permittees in nondelegated States needing construction to meet the deadline.
About 20% of this universe will be placed on enforceable schedules in 1987.
By the end of 1986, all publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) needing pre-
treatment programs should have approved programs in place. The Water Quality
Enforcement Program will turn to: 1) oversight of delegated State programs; 2)
assuring that local control authorities comply with the provisions of their approved
programs; and 3) assuring the compliance of industrial users, especially where there
is no local control authority or approved State. EPA will assess the compliance of
local control authorities through the conduct of pretreatment inspections and the
review of annual reports submitted by these authorities. Pretreatment inspections
will be conducted and annual reports will be reviewed in most of the approved pro-
grams in nondelegated States. In nondelegated States, EPA will address most of the
anticipated, noncompliance by local control authorities which fail to implement the
approved program. Parallel enforcement actions will be taken against industrial
users (Ills) in some of these noncomplying local control authorities.
Where there is no local control authority or approved State, EPA is responsi-
ble for assuring that IUs comply with categorical standards. The Water Quality
Enforcement Program will continue to identify these industrial users and to inspect
where the most serious compliance problems are suspected. Formal enforcement
actions will be brought against industrial users when noncompl iance is identified.
In 1987, the upgrading and expansion of the Permit Compliance System (PCS)
will continue. PCS will be used for such activities as evaluating the consistency
of permit conditions and enforcement actions nationwide. Using PCS, EPA will
initiate the automated generation of accountability system reports.
Regions will maintain an inspection program for municipal and industrial
permittees to verify compliance with their NPDES permit requirements. A total of
2,243 inspections will be conducted. Regions will also continue to emphasize a
"timely and appropriate" enforcement response in all cases of significant noncompli-
ance by issuing 50 Notices of Violation and 877 Administrative Orders. Technical
support will be provided for approximately 80 NPDES cases initiated in previous
years. New enforcement efforts against industrial sources will focus on those in-
dustries required to install Best Available Technology. Non-NPDES administrative
enforcement activities will include Section 404 inspections, support for oil and
hazardous materials spill penalty assessment, and spill prevention control and
counter-measure (SPCC) inspections and enforcement support.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $21,711,000 supported by 416.3
total workyears for this program, of which $15,914,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $5,796,600 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The Water Quality Enforcement Program is continuing to emphasize: maintenance
of high levels of compliance by all permittees, with special attention on municipal
permittees; an effective compliance monitoring and inspection program to verify
levels of compliance; initiation and maintenance of a pretreatment compliance
monitoring and enforcement program; and the expansion of the Permit Compliance
System to provide for report preparation and tracking.
WQ-63
-------
Implementation of the National Municipal Policy (NMP) remains the program's
highest priority. This policy requires that all municipalities that are in non-
compliance because of needed construction or because of poor operation and mainte-
nance of sewage treatment plants be put on enforceable schedules that will assure
compliance, where possible, by the July 1, 1988 statutory compliance deadline. In
1986,'the Agency is establishing enforceable schedules for all municipalities in
nondelegated States which need construction to comply through the issuance of an
Administrative Order or the initiation of a referral for civil judicial action, and
will enforce failure to comply with these schedules. All of the major municipalities
in nondelegated States needing corrective action because of operation and mainte-
nance problems which are identified in 1985 and 1986 are also being addressed. In
those cases where NPDES States do not establish enforceable schedules for munici-
palities needing them, EPA is initiating action to establish or enforce these
schedules.
The central focus of the pretreatment program has been the effort to establish
approved programs at the 1,450 POTWs required to have them. In 1985, a National
Enforcement Initiative for POTW pretreatment program submissions resulted in the
filing of eight cases with the Department of Justice. The Agency is continuing to
take judicial action against POTWs with unapproved programs and is also initiating
judicial action against a number of industries which have failed to install neces*
sary treatment to meet categorical standards. Implementation of a pretreatment
compliance monitoring program, which includes the conduct of a small number of
inspections and the review of annual reports, is 1n the initial stages.
In conjunction with Headquarters, the Regions have improved and expanded their
compliance enforcement data management capabilities through the use of an expanded
and enhanced Permit Compliance System (PCS). By the end of 1986 all EPA Regions
will convert to the Data Base Management System (DBMS). Conversion to a DBMS
system allows preparation of Quarterly Noncompliance Reports (QNCRs) through PCS,
as well as reporting for accountability systems such as the Strategic Planning and
Management System.
Regions are continuing to emphasize a "timely and appropriate" enforcement
response in all cases of significant noncompliance. Industrial enforcement also
continues to address largely routine violations, but special attention is focused on
industrial facilities that are required to install Best Available Technology (BAT).
More resource intensive inspections of these facilities are necessary, and some
referral actions are anticipated. Non-NPDES administrative enforcement activities
include Section 404 inspections, support for oil and hazardous materials spill
penalty assessment, and spill prevention control and countemeasure (SPCC) insec-
tions and enforcement support.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985 the Agency obligated a total of $15,970,800, supported by 385.2 total
workyears, of which $14,690,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,280,600 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During 1985, implementation of the National Municipal Policy was the program's
highest priority. Approximately, 40% of major municipalities needing construction
to comply with the 1988 compliance deadline were placed on enforceable construction
schedules. Enforceable construction schedules were also established for 2Q% of the
minor municipal facilities needing schedules. Pretreatment activity focused on
enforcement of the requirement that designated municipalities develop approvable
local pretreatment programs and that industrial users comply with categorical pre-
treatment standards. The Agency reviewed,and referred formal enforcement actions
against 24 municipalities who failed to develop approvable pretreatment programs
and 26 industrial users who failed to comply with categorical standards.
wg-64
-------
Contract resources were used to support and maintain a national data system
(Permit Compliance System) which tracks the performance of all major permittees, to
provide technical support for judicial enforcement actions, and to conduct inspec-
tions of municipal and industrial permittees. Contract funds were also used to
train Regional and State personnel in monitoring and inspection techniques.
In 1985, 8% of major municipal permittees on final effluent limits ware in
significant noncompliance. 5% of industrial and other nonmunicipal permittees were
in significant noncompliance. Both of these rates decreased from 1984 and reflect
the emphasis given to timely and appropriate enforcement action against facilities
in significant noncompliance.
Regional Offices conducted 2,080 compliance inspections, issued 24 Notices of
Violations and 1,028 Administrative Orders, In States without approved NPDES pro-
grams EPA reviewed major dischargers' self-monitoring reports. Technical support
was provided for the development of 118 civil cases which were referred to Headquar-
ters for review.
Enforcement of Section 311 oil and hazardous substance spill requirements
included 144 referrals to the U.S Coast Guard for assessment of civil penalties and
161 administrative actions for violations of Spill Prevention and Control Counter-
measure plan requirements. Enforcement of Section 404 provisions focused on iden-
tifying illegal discharges of dredge and fill material. Thirteen administrative
actions were taken.
WQ-65
-------
MATER QUALITY
Water Quality Permit Issuance
PROGRAM
Permit Issuance
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Water Duality Permit TOTAL
Issuance
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Permit Issuance
TOTAL PERFIANENT WGRKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Permit Issuance
TOTAL V'QRKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
$12,105.4
$3,790.3
$15,895.7
$12,105.4
$3,790.3
$15,895.7
287.0
287.0
315.0
315.0
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
$12,866.5
$6,069.?
$18,934.7
$12,865.5
$6,069.2
$18,934.7
299.9
299.9
334.0
334.0
ENACTEn BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
*
$12,138.3 -$522.0
$4,329.1 -$186.2
$16,467.4 -$708.2
$12,138.3 -$522.0
$4,329.1 -$186.2
$16,467.4 -$708.2
279.7
279.7
307.7
307.7
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$11,616.3
$4,142.9
$15,759.2
$11,616.3
$4,142.9
$15,759.2
279.7
279.7
307.7
307.7
ESTIMATE
1987
$11,533.4
$3,778.7
$15,312.1
$11,533.4
$3,778.7
$15,312.1
279.7
279.7
295.7
295.7
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-$82.9
-$364.2
-$447.1
-$82.9
-$364.2
-$447.1
-12.0
-12.0
-------
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Permit Issuance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,312,100 supported by 295.7 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $447,100 and a decrease of 12.0 total workyears. Of the
total request, $11,533,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,778,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, a
decrease of $82,900 and $364,200, respectively.
Prog ram Oe s cr i pt ion
Pe irmi t I s s uan ce^ - - The Clean Water Act authorizes a National Pollutant Dis-
^
^
System (NPOES) permit program to reduce or eliminate point
source pollution. The discharge of pollutants into waters of the United States by
point sources is prohibited unless in compliance with an NPDES permit. At present,
36 States and one Territory have approved NPOES programs. EPA issues NPDES permits
in the remaining jurisdictions.
Currently, the NPDES program is focusing on control of toxic pollutants through
technology-based and water quality-based limits in NPDES permits, implementation of
the pretreatroent program for indirect discharges to publicly owned treatment works
(POTWs) and approval and oversight of local' and State pretreatment programs (22
States are approved to implement pretreatment programs).
The NPBES program also allows permittees and interested parties to request
evidentiary hearings on permits and variances from certain effluent limitations,
PERMIT ISSUANCE
1987 Prog ram Reguest
The Agency requests a total of $15,312,100 supported by 295.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $11,533,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,778,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents a decrease of $82,900 and $364,200, respectively,
and a decrease of 12,0 total workyears. This decrease is due primarily to the
substantial completion of the PQTW pretreatment program approval effort.
During 1987, efforts will continue on issuing permits expiring in 1987 and
modifying permits, with priority given to toxic pollutant controls based on water
quality considerations. Municipal permits will be modified to incorporate final
section 301(h) waiver decisions, pretreatment program implementation requirements,
and toxic limits. During 1987, EPA will issue 244 major industrial permits and 172
major municipal permits. Continued emphasis will ,be placed on issuing permits to
environmentally significant minor and unpermitted dischargers, especially those
with toxic discharges or otherwise adversely affecting water quality. Continued
emphasis will he given to issuing new source permits and general permits, particu-
larly outer continental shelf general permits.
In 1987, EPA will continue to review and evaluate requests for fundamentally
different factor, water quality, economic and thermal discharge variances, and
request for extensions of Best Available Technology (BAT) compliance deadlines
where innovative pollution control technologies are to be demonstrated.
Efforts will continue on assisting in the development of new State NPOES pro-
grams and necessary modifications to approved NPOES States. EPA will assist NPDES
WQ-67
-------
States in Issuing major permits and Increased emphasis will be placed on assisting
NPDES States In eliminating their minor permit backlog, primarily through technical-
assistance and training.
During 1987, the quality assurance program for NPDES permits will continue to
be a priority. Activities include review of selected permits, mid-year Regional
and State program evaluations, review of Memoranda of Understanding between EPA and
NPDES States, review and assistance in correcting legally deficient State programs,
and evaluations of approved POTW and State pretreatment programs.
During 1987, emphasis will be placed on correcting and adjusting approved local
and State pretreatment programs to address inconsistencies with national pretreat-
ment requirements and to include new requirements (e.g., local limits to prevent
passthrough and interference). EPA will provide assistance to State and local
authorities in applying complex national regulations such as the combined waste
stream formula and certain mass-based categorical standards. EPA will review POTW
applications for removal credits and make industrial user category determinations.
EPA will overview approved POTW programs by use of on-site audits to ensure the
adequacy of local limits and proper incorporation of categorical standards. In
addition, EPA will carry out its responsibilities for direct implementation in the
absence of State or local control authorities. The pretreatment regulation
revisions will continue.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $15,759,200 supported by 307.7
total workyears for this.program, of which $11,616,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,142,900 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1986, priority is being given to issuing major industrial and municipal
permits, particularly in water use-impaired areas and where BAT guidelines have
been promulgated, in order to continue reductions in the discharge of pollutants,
particularly toxics. Permits with reopener clauses are being modified to incorpo-
rate revisions to discharge limitations or other permit conditions. Increased em-
phasis is being given to issuing minor permits that impact water quality uses,
particularly those with toxic discharges. During 1986, EPA is expected to issue
193 major industrial permits, 204 major municipal permits and 626 minor permits.
In 1986, EPA is continuing to address evidentiary hearing requests and is
acting on approximately 55 variance requests.
During 1986. two States are expected to receive full NPDES authority and seven
States are expected to receive approval for pretreatment and/or federal facility
authority. EPA is continuing to assist NPDES States in reducing their permit
backlogs and reviewing the quality of selected NPDES State permits and State reg-
ulations to assure consistency with Federal requirements.
EPA is reviewing and approving the remaining local pretreatment programs
required by federal regulation. EPA is reviewing removal credit applications from
POTWs, baseline monitoring reports from indirect industries and annual reports on
pretreatment program status from POTWs. The overview of approved programs by use
of on-site audits is continuing. EPA is expecting to conduct 136 audits. A pre-
treatment regulatory package 1s being promulgated reflecting final definitions and
proposed changes implementing Pretreatment Implementation Review Task Force (PIRT)
recommendations.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $15,895,700 supported by 315.0 total workyears,
of which $12,105,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $3,790,300
was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The contract re-
WQ-68
-------
sources In 1985 were directed at assistance to POTWs and States in implementing the
approved programs and assistance for NPDES State permit issuance and evidentiary
hearing support,
EPA Issued a total of 488 major and 1061 minor permits. Of these 1,549 permits,
860 were industrial (210 majors) and 689 were municipal (278 majors).
In 1985, one previously approved NPDES State received pretreatment authoriza-
tion.
During 1985, EPA continued to assist POTWs in the development of local pretreat-
ment programs. EPA approved 202 POTW pretreatment programs (pretreatment States
approved 331). EPA performed one State pretreatment program audit and 59 local
pretreatment program audits. The pretreatment regulation package for reinstatement
of FDF's for indirect dischargers was promulgated in 1985.
WQ-69
-------
Drinking Water
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
DRINKING WATER DW-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Drinking Water Research DW-9
Scientif ic Assessment , DW-14
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance DW-15
Health Effects........ DW-16
Environmental Engineering and Technology.. DW-17
Environmental Processes and Effects...... DW-18
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines... DW-21
Criteria, Standards & Guidelines. DW-23
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance........ DW-26
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants DW-27
Underground Injection Control Program Grants............. DW-28
Special Studies & Demonstrations............ DW-30
Trai ni ng DW-30
Drinking Water Management DU-31
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance DW-33
Underground Injection Control Program DW-35
Ground-Water Protect!on DW-37
ENFORCEMENT
Drinking Water Enforcement DW-42
DW-1
-------
DRINKING WATER
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATE
Salaries & F.xpenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Drinking Water
$26,649.6
$44,431.3
$14,164.0
$85,244.9
$29,246.3
$44,653.2
$14,226.3
$88,125.8
$28,924.5
$47,263,2
$15,042.7
$91,230.4
-$1,243.8
-$2,032.4
-$647.0
-$3,923.2
$27,680.7
$4 5, 230, 8
$14,395.7
$87,307.2
$28,378.5
$42,863.0
$12,885.0
$84,126.5
$697.8
-$2,367.8
-$1,510.7
-$3,180.7
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
543.4 584.5 595.8 595.8 587.8 -8.0
604.3 642.3 639.8 639.8 639.8
$86,081.7 $98,286.3 $87,423.1 -$2,356.7 $85,066.4 $83,434.7 -$1,631.7
Authorization for the Safe Drinking Water Act expired September 30, 1982.
Reauthorization is pending.
-------
DRINKING WATER
OVERVIEW & STRATEGY
The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) requires EPA to ensure that the Nation's
drinking water supplies are free of contamination which may pose a public health
risk. The Act also mandates a national Underground Injection Control (UIC) pro-
gram to protect underground sources of drinking water. In addition, the 1984
Ground-Water Protection Strategy provides EPA with a framework for the protection
and clean-up of the Nation's ground water resources.
EPA is required to set national drinking water standards for public water
systems and minimum requirements for the Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS) and
UIC programs. The States retain the lead role of administering and enforcing re-
gulatory provisions established by EPA for the PWS and UIC programs. EPA will
directly implement a program and enforce regulations only when a State fails to
assume primary enforcement responsibility or enforce regulations effectively. In
assuming primacy, the State may establish more stringent and comprehensive stand-
ards and requirements. The SDWA also provides Federal financial and technical
assistance to States to help them carry out their responsibilities.
The Agency's strategy to promote State primacy as the first step in implement-
ing the PWS program has succeeded with virtually nationwide delegation. In 1987,
54 States will have assumed primary enforcement authority for the PWS supervision
program, which will lead to marked progress in PWS compliance. EPA is trying to
build a similar record of successful delegation for the emerging UIC program: at
the beginning of 1987 we expect 41 States will have primacy over all or part of the
UIC requirements. The Agency has recently completed nationwide implementation of
UIC programs through a combination of primacy delegations and direct implementation
regulations.
The 1987 Drinking Water request focuses on several major objectives to meet
the requirements of the SDWA: (1) revise current health protection standards; (2)
implement and enforce UIC; (3) improve PWS compliance; (4) address emerging contam-
ination problems; (4) pursue ground water protection; and (6) continue research and
development.
Revise Current Health Protection Standards
Since 1977, EPA and the States have been supervising the safety of public water
supplies through Interim National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) for
drinking water contaminants which have traditionally been of concern. The SDWA man-
dates Revised NPDWRs to stand as comprehensive protection against drinking water
health risks posed by natural or synthetic contaminants. Revisions will incorporate
accumulated scientific health research and innovations in treatment technology. The
Revisions will also present an opportunity to reduce unnecessary administrative
burdens based on the experience EPA and the States have acquired with interim regu-
lations.
Revised NPDWRs may take the form of numeric Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs)
or treatment requirements. In either case, a separate "Recommended MCL" (RMCL) is
first established for every contaminant to be regulated. RMCLs are health goals
which are set at a level where "no known or anticipated adverse effects on the
health of persons occur and which allows an adequate margin of safety."
Since the SDWA requires primary regulations for "contaminants which ... may
have any adverse effect on the health of persons," a large number of contaminants
must be evaluated and the task of evaluating risks and developing contaminant
standards must be carried out in phases. Phase I addresses.volatile organic chemi-
cals (VOCs) frequently encountered within ground water source systems. Phase II
pertains to 42 contaminants (pesticides, synthetic organic chemicals, inorganics,
and microbiological contaminants). Phase III addresses radionuclides, including
rw-3
-------
both naturally occurring (radium, radon, uranium) and man-made contaminants. Phase
IV encompasses disinfection and disinfection by-products along with the review of
the trihalomethane MCL. As Phases I-IV are completed in 1987 and beyond, the 22
existing .interim standards will be supplanted with approximately 60 standards, as
well as treatment technology requirements aimed at control of waterborne disease
outbreaks. Nonetheless, the Agency continues to look at several more contaminants
while data is being collected on their occurrence, health effects, and treatment
and/or measurement in drinking water.
Complementing enforceable regulations are health advisories, which serve as
guidance relating to the toxicology of unregulated contaminants. In 1987, health
advisories and a health advisory registry will be developed to disseminate informa-
tion on toxic substances to an increasing number of clients beyond traditional drink-
ing water agencies. Such preliminary benchmarks can be on hand far sooner than
formal primary standards and can be made available to State and local authorities
in the event contamination is detected. Other advisories will be developed to
support the unregulated contaminant surveillance program and the National Pesticides
Survey. The health advisories and MCLs will also be used to support Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) waste banning decisions, Superfund clean-up
activities, and control actions for agricultural chemicals.
Iinp1_e)ment..and._EnJ^orcfi^ii|yLn
-------
Pesticides contamination incidents, are an important and emerging problem
across the nation. There are hundreds of constituent pesticide chemicals in use
that may hav.e the potential for migrating into surface and ground water; the public
health threat of these pesticide contaminants is uncertain. With more comprehensive
and reliable occurrence data, EPA should be able to evaluate the need for new
regulatory action based on solid evidence of the magnitude of exposure. Together,
the Office of Drinking Water and Office of Pesticides Programs are conducting a
nationwide survey of pesticide contamination of ground water supplies to character-
ize the occurrence of selected pesticides in drinking water derived from ground
water, determine the relationship between ground-water contamination and the char-
acteristics of pesticide usage and the hydrogeologic environment, and estimate human
exposure to these chemicals. By 1987, sampling and analysis for as many as 50
active ingredients and numerous transformation products will be fully underway:
ultimately, samples from 1500 locations will be analyzed.
Pursue Ground waterProtection
The Agency's principal objectives are articulated in the Ground-Water Protec-
tion Strategy issued in 1984. First, the most effective and broadly acceptable way
to increase the national capability to protect ground water is to strengthen State
programs. EPA will encourage States to make use of existing grant programs to
develop ground-water protection strategies and programs, and work with States to
develop institutional capabilities.
A second objective is to address the problems from local contamination sources
that in aggregate are of particular national concern, for example, pesticides, sep-
tic tanks, highway de-icing, and roadcoatings. EPA is evaluating the threats from
these sources and taking appropriate steps under existing legislative authorities.
Third, a fundamental part of the Strategy is a policy to set priorities for ground-
water protection according to use and relative vulnerability to contamination,
based on three classes of ground water. The Agency will implement guidelines to
define ground water for use in making protection and cleanup decisions in EPA
programs. Fourth, EPA will use existing data systems to develop the ability to
synthesize other systems and to shape and analyze ground water-related systems.
Another major area of activity is the development of a public information program to
inform the public on ground water issues and EPA protection initiatives.
Continue Research and Development
EPA's drinking water research program provides support to States and the
drinking water regulatory program in implementing the SDWA in the areas of con-
taminant occurrence and health effects, analytical methodology, quality assurance
technologies, control technology and related costs, and the protection of ground-
water resources.
The research program will continue to support the Office of Drinking Water in
its effort to develop maximum contaminant levels and health advisories for specific
chemicals found in drinking water. This effort will be directed at developing
toxicological data to support development of RMCLs and filling in toxicological
data gaps for existing chemicals. Microbiological research will continue to evalu^
ate methods for isolating, identifying and characterizing the health effects of
pathogens. Epidemiological studies will be conducted relating to drinking water
quality and cardiovascular disease and an epidemiological study will be conducted on
the relationship between radon in drinking water and lung cancer.
This program will evaluate processes for removal of VOCs, pesticides and radio-
nuclides for use in regulation development and implementation. Disinfectant effec-
tiveness and factors contributing to micrbbial deterioration of water quality in
distribution systems will be evaluated.
The research program will continue to focus on methods development for ground-
water investigations and studies of subsurface transport and fate processes such as
sorption, biological transformation, redox. hydrolysis, and ion exchange. Research
will include looking at identification and assessment technologies for improving
DW-5
-------
injection well practices, assessing fluid movement from injection wells and develop-
ing laser-induced fluorescence for monitoring ground water by fiber opticst This
work is coordinated with research in Hazardous Waste which provides models and
field evaluation. Research to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of
in situ aquifer restoration techniques will continue.
Field evaluations of movement and transformation of wastes from underground
injection wells will continue. Continued support for UIC research will provide
more confidence in our ability to evaluate the risk posed by this method of waste
disposal. A pilot program will be initiated to charge to public and private users
for certain quality assurance services provided by EPA.
DW-6
-------
DRINKING WATER
Budget Current Increase (+}
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease (-)
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs. 1986
Incremental Outputs
UIC Permit Determinations:
- for existing and new
facilities, by primacy
States
- for existing and new
facilities, by EPA
Enforcement Actions - PWS:
I nspecti ons
Notices of Violations......
11 11
180 150
424 650
N/A
N/A
3 3/
6 15~
0 0
2/
6,541
660
10
0
y
6,501
624
10
0
-40
-36
0
0
Enforcement Actions - UIC:
Notices of Violations
Civil Litigation (new).....
N/A
N/A
2
0
0
0
5
0
5
0
0
0
Cumulative Outputs;
PWS Primacy States 53 53 54 54 0
UIC Primacy States (full and
partial programs) 38 42 38 41 +3
Designated Sole Source
Aquifers 21 27 24 27 +3
Percent of Community Water
System (CMS) in Compliance
with Microbiological MCL,. 90.4% 93.5% 91.4% 92.8% +1.4%
Percent of CWSs in Compli-
ance with Microbiological
Monitoring/Reporting (M/R)
Requirements , 77.1% 86.5% 79.4% 81.8% +2.4%
Percent of CWSs in Compli-
ance with Turbidity MCL... 96.9% 97% 97.3% 97.6% +0.3%
Percent of CWSs in Compli-
ance with Turbidity M/R
Requirements 91.5% 93% 92.3% 92.8% +0.5%
I/ Includes existing Class I and III wells.
21 Includes existing and new Class I, III, V, and new Class II wells.
3/ 1986 budget estimate of 41 includes 15 new and 26 ongoing civil litigations.
DW-7
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page' Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Cage
DRINKING WATER
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Drinking Water Research DW-9
Scientific Assessment DW-14
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance DW-15
Health Effects DW-16
Environmental Engineering and Technology.. DW-17
Environmental Processes and Effects... *.... DW-18
DW-8
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
EST IRATE
19H7
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 ,VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Drinking Hater
Salaries * Expenses
Research A Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems A
Quality /"SSHranee -
.Drinking Mater
Salaries & Expenses
Research A Development
TOTAL
Healtl- Effects -
Drinking Mater
Salaries A Expenses
Research A Development
TOTAL
Environmental
Engineering A
Technology - Drinking
Water
Salaries A ^xpenses
Research A Development
TOTAL
$350.7
$74.6
$425.3
$1,538.1
$1,165.4
$2,703.5
$3,121.3
$5,894.0
$9,015.3
$2,756.7
$s]858.*4
$423.6
$75.0
$498.6
$1,610,3
$1,487.9
$3,098.2
$3,410.6
$6,525.9
$9,936.5
$3,021,4
$5* 190." 7
$423.6
$68.8
$492.4
$1,596.8
$1,357.5
$2,954.3
$3,407.5
$6,306,5
$9,714.0
$3,239.1
te',?M'.R
-$18.1
-$3.0
-$?ia
-$68S6
-$58.4
-$127.0
-$146.4
-$271.2
-$417.6
-$139a4
$127.4
-S266.8
$405.5
$65.8
$471.3
$1,528.2
$1,299.1
$2,827.3
$3,261.1
$6,035.3
$9,296.4
$349.2
$248.0
$597.2
$1,596.8
$1,217.0
$2,813.8
$3,372.7
$6,395.0
$9,767.7
$3,099,7 .$?,973.8
$2,835.3 $1,343.0
$5,935.0 $4,316.8
-$56.3
$182.2
$125.9
$68.6
-$82.1
-$13.5
$111.6
$359.7
$471.3
-$125.9
-$1,492.3
-$1,618.2
-------
DRINKING HATER
Drinking Hater Research
ACTUAL
1985
Environmental Processes
X Effects - Drinking
Water
Salaries
Research
TOTAL:
Salaries
Research
ft
&
*
&
Expenses
Development
TOTAL
Expenses ,.
Revel opment
$1,395.3
$3, 928.3
$5,323.6
$9,182.1
$14,164.0
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
IQftfi
(DOLLARS
$1,515.3
$3,968,2
$5,483.5
$9,981.2
'$14,226.3
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BlIORET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$1,527.
$4,347.
$5,874.
$10,194.
.il5,042.
6
2
8
6
7
-$65.7
-$187.0
-$252.7
-$438.2
-$647.0
$1, 461.9
$4,160,2
$5,622.1
$9,756.4
$14,395.7
$1,320.6
$3,682.0
$5,002.6
$9,613.1
$12,885.0
-$141.
-$478.
-$619.
-$143.
-$1,510.
3
2
5
3
7
Drinking Cater
Research "
TOTAL $23,32fi.l $24,207,5 $25,237.3 -$1,085.2 $24,152.1 $22,498.1 -$1,654.0
PERHAHENT HORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Drinking Water
Monitoring Systems &
Duality Assurance -
Drinking Water
Health Effects -
Drinking Water
Environmental
Engineering ^
Technology - Drinking
Water
7.2
27. R
50.5
51.3
8.0
27.1
fi?.5
48.1
7.0
27.1
68.5
55.3
7.0
27.1
68. R
55.3
7.0
27.1
60.5
55.3
-8.0
-------
Quality Assurance -
Drinking Mater
Health Effects -
Drinking Hater
Environmental
Engineering *
Technology - Drinking
Water
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Drinking
Water
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Research
Environnental Processes
& Effects - Drinking
Mater
TOTAL PERMANENT WflRKYFARS
TOTAL WDPKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Drinking Hater
Monitoring Systems 8
ACTUAL
1985
26.0
162.5
9.1
28.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
22.3
1.68.0
9.0
30.1
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
22.3
180.2
9.0
29.8
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
22.3
180.2
96fl
29.8
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
22.3
172.2 -8.0
9.0 i
29.8
58.6
57.0
28.7
69.5
59,3
24.5
B8.5
58.4
24.3
68.5
58.4
24.3
68.5
58.4
24.3
TOTAL WORKYF'ARS
181.9 192.4 190.0
190.0 190.0
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Research
Principal Outputsby Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1: Develop Drinking Water StandardsBasedon Health Effects Through Risk
Assessment Studies' ' ' ' '" ~
o Develop health advisories and criteria documents (Sci. Assessment)
o Report on the carcinogenic and target organ tpxicity of major chemical contami-
nants in drinking water (Health)
o Report on the cardiovascular disease risk factors in populations supplied with
chlorinated and non-chlorinated drinking water of varying hardness (Health)
o Determination of virulence and growth conditions of Legionella (Health)
Objective 2: Provide Engineering Technologies and[Monitoring Data for Drinking
Water Standards!!
o Testing and validation of radionuclide procedures for thorium, polonium 210,
lead 210 and plutonium (Monitoring)
o Report on radiation methods validation and on the intercomparison program for
radiation quality assurance (Monitoring)
o Report on laboratory certification for 10 regions (Monitoring)
o Report on control of lead solder corrosion (Engineering)
o Report on the costs of selected water supply systems - compliance vs. non-
compliance (Engineering)
o State-of-the-art report on removal of organic materials from drinking water
(Engineering)
Objective 3: Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Ground-water
Resources
o Airborne and ground-based environmental monitoring to detect brine contamination
from injection wells. (Monitoring)
o Report on sources of variability affecting ground-water monitoring data
(Monitoring)
o Training course presentation materials on conducting ground-water investigations
(Env. Processes)
o Report on cement bonding of injection wells (Env. Processes)
o State-of-the-art report on interaction of injected fluids with geologic materials
(Env. Processes)
1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1; Develop DrinkingWater StandardsBasedon Health Effects Through Risk
Assessment StudieT''''~~
o Criteria documents for drinking water disinfectants and disinfection by-products
(Sci. Assessment)
o Drinking water criteria documents and health advisories (Sci. Assessment)
o Report on the occurrence and significance of viruses in drinking water (Health)
o Report on the clinical study of the health effects -of ingesting chlorinated
drinking water (Health)
rw-12
-------
o Report on the toxicological effects of three (xylene, dichloropropane, chloro-
acetic add) drinking water contaminants (Health)
Qb jecti ve,, 2-, Provi de Engi neeri ng Techno 1 ogi es and Mom' tori ng Data for Dri nk i ng
Water' Sta indlrdsf - '
o Report on national inorganic radionuclide survey providing radiochemical and
inorganic analytical data for drinking water (Monitoring)
o Report on the presence-absence test in small water systems (Monitoring)
o Report on pathogen inactivation (Engineering)
o Report on removal of pesticides from drinking water (Engineering)
o Report on methods for removal of radium from drinking water (Engineering)
Objective 3: Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Ground-water
Resources ' ' ' ~
o Evaluation and development of laser-induced fluorescence for monitoring ground-
water using fiber optics (Monitoring)
o Provision of data and methods to support ground-water regulations, enforcement,
management programs (Monitoring)
o Publish a training manual for Ground-water Contaminant Modeling (Env. Processes)
o Report on Case Study of Class I (industrial) Injection Wells (Env. Processes)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
SM:S3SM»S»Za.S:*aXffi3BSSSE
Objective 1; Develop Drinking Water Standards Based on Health Effects through Risk
AssjssjTient Studies ' ' ' :
o Publish 28 final drinking water criteria documents (Sci. Assessment)
o Development of improved immunological methods for detecting Giardia (Health)
o Report on the target organ effects from subchronic exposure to carbon tetra-
chloride (Health)
Objecti ye 2: Provide Engi neeri ng Technologies and Monitoring Data for Drinking
Water Standards ' ' ' "~ '
o Report on evaluation of monitoring methods for radionuclides in drinking water
(Monitoring)
o Annual reports on laboratory certification regional program, traceability of
National Bureau of Standards and reference analytical services (Monitoring)
o Report on microbial quality considerations in distribution systems (Engineering)
o Report on methods of biological sample preservation (Monitoring)
o Report on bacterial transport by carbon particles passing through water treatment
plants (Engineering)
3; Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of
-
o Report on fiber optics for monitoring ground-water contaminants (Monitoring)
o Publish state-of-the-art report on aquifer restoration techniques (Env. Processes)
o An introduction to ground-water tracers manual (Env, Processes)
DW-13
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $22,498,100 supported by 190.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,654,000 and no change in total workyears from 1986. Of
the request, $9,613,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$12,885,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation, a decrease of
$143,300 and $1,510,700, respectively.
Program Description
The Drinking Water research program provides support to States and the EPA
Office of Drinking Water (ODW) in implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
in the areas of contaminant occurrence and health effects, analytical methodology,
control technology and related costs, and the protection of ground-water resources.
Objective 1; Develop Drinking Water Standards Based on Health Effects Through
Risk Assessment Studies. Research inthis activityprovides healthassessment
information to support the Office of Drinking Water in developing revised regulations
to control drinking water contaminants under Section 1412 of the SDWA. The health
research program also assists States in ascertaining causes of waterborne infectious
disease outbreaks and determining the hazard to humans from exposure to infectious
agents through drinking water.
Objective 2; Provide Engineering Technologi^ for Drinking
Water Standards. Research sujjporti rig£ hi s ob^ectTve pSovT3|s analyt 1 ca 1 procedures
to monitordrinking water contaminants. In addition, engineering research will
evaluate treatment processes and costs to support ODW regulatory decision-making.
Objective 3; Provide ScientificMethods and Data for Protection of Ground^
water Resources.Workin this category willprovidethe scientific basis for the
protection ofunderground drinking water sources to implement Section 1421 and
1414 of the SDWA. These efforts are coordinated with the pesticides and hazardous
waste programs.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $597,200 supported by 9.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $349,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $248,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This repre-
sents a decrease of $56,300 and an increase of $182,200, respectively, and no
change in total workyears. The net increase will be used to develop methods for
evaluating health hazards associated with potable reuse of wastewater, and addit-
ional health advisories for specified chemicals.
Deyelop Drinking Water Standards Based onHealth Effects Through Risk Assess*
merit SlHidl es.Research will provide water criteria and assessment documents for
drinking water contaminants of disinfectants and their by-products. The program
will continue to provide technical support and assistance in response to Regional
and State requests. Research will also continue to maintain state-of-the-art
methodology for assessment of potential risk to human health from exposure to
constituents found in drinking water.
DW-14
-------
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $471,300 supported by 9.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $405,500 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $65,800 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1986, this program is finalizing drinking water criteria documents for
drinking water contaminants, disinfectants and Phase V chemicals and initiating
documentation in support of health advisories.
1985Accompli s hments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $425,300 supported by 9.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $350,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $74,600 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Major accomplishments included the initiation of criteria documents for drink-
ing water Phase IV chemicals and documentation for eight Phase V chemicals,
including health advisory levels.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1987m Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,813,800 supported by 29.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,596,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,217,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $68,600 and a decrease of $82,100, respectively,
and no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions. The
decrease in Research and Development reflects a pilot effort to externalize quality
assurance (QA) costs. This effort will involve charging of fees to public and
private users for QA services (e.g., quality control check samples).
Provide Engineering Technologies and Monitoring Data for Drinking Hater 'Stand-
ards.. The program wil 1 distribute quality control samples and conduct Performance
Evaluation studies. Method validation studies will be conducted for organic
contaminants newly regulated under the Safe Drinking Water Act. The program will
evaluate 10 regions and personnel for capabilities to provide quality data in
support of the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations monitoring
program.
Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Grounds-water Resources.
Research will continue to provide both technical information and improved methods
for predicting contaminant movement and transformation. Research will Include
looking at identification and assessment technologies for improving injection well
practices, assessing fluid movement from injection wells and developing laser
induced fluorescence for monitoring, ground water !by fiber optics.
198§ Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,827,300 supported by 29,8
total workyears for this program, of which $1,528,200 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,299,100 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
In 1986, the monitoring program is expediting methods validation work to meet
the new drinking water regulations for organic chemical contaminants. -The program
provides analytical procedures to monitor drinking water contaminants including
development of procedures for analysis of radioactive contaminants and improved
coliform analysis methods.
DW-15
-------
1985 .
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,703,500 supported by 28.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,538,100 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,165,400 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Reports were published on the evaluation of monitoring methods for radio-
nuclides in drinking water and on the validation of radiation methods. The program
maintained and distributed 55,000 quality assurance and performance evaluation
samples. The program also produced a report on the use of fiber optics for moni-
toring ground-water contaminants.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,767,700 supported by 68.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,372,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $6,395,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $111,600 and $359,700, respectively, and no change
in total workyears. The increase will support the development of methods to deter-
mine risk from exposure to mixtures of chemicals instead of single chemicals.
Develop Drinking Water Standards Based on Health Effects Through Risk Assess-
ment Studies. The health research program will continue to support ODW in its
ef f o rf ' 'to deve 1 op maximum contaminant levels and Health Advisories for specific
chemicals found in drinking water. This effort will be directed at developing
toxicological data to support development of Acceptable Daily Intake levels and
filling in toxicological data gaps for existing chemicals found in drinking Water
and recently identified for regulation. Also, toxicological data will be developed
on disinfectants and disinfectant by-products with emphasis on effects expressed
in vji yo from residual disinfectants in drinking water.
Microbiological research will continue to evaluate methods for isolating,
identifying and characterizing the health effects of pathogens. A research effort
will begin to determine the public health significance of the occurrence of micro-
biological agents in drinking water and relate the health effects to an appropriate
indicator.
Epidemiological studies will be conducted relating drinking water quality to
cardiovascular disease. An epidemiological study will be conducted on the rela-
tionship between radon in drinking water and lung cancer. Assistance will be
provided to states during waterborne disease outbreaks which will help stop and
prevent transmission of disease from contaminated water. An epidemiology study
will be conducted to determine the relationship between Legionella occurrence in
drinking water and disease in susceptible populations.
Research will be conducted on the interactive toxjcity of chemicals that occur
in drinking water. Research results from past studies on techniques for preparing
representative samples of organic concentrates will be consolidated, These tech-
niques will then be used to prepare samples for testing in health bioassays to
determine the potential health effects from complex mixtures in drinking water.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,296,400 supported by 68.5
total workyears for this program, of which $3,261,100 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $6,035,300 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
DW-16
-------
The health research program continues to provide a scientific base for the
Agency and States to use in identifying and controlling harmful contaminants in
drinking water. Research is focused on those areas identified by ODW which support
their regulatory efforts. This includes research on disinfectants, organic contam-
inants, waterborne pathogens and disease, Inorganic chemicals and water treatment
chemicals.
1 985 Accomp 1 i s hment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $9,015,300 supported by 58.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,121,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,894,000 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985 the program developed improved immunological methods for detecting
Giardia. Two important studies were completed and reports issued: A Report on the
Target Organ Effects from Subchronic Exposures to Carbon Tetrachloride and a Report
on the Influence of Corn Oil on the Toxicity of Chloroform and other Chlorinated
Hydrocarbons in Drinking Water.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,316,800 supported by* 58.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,973,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,343,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $125,900 and $1,492,300, respectively, and no
change in total workyears. The reduction reflects the completion of several re-
search projects related to the practical operation of water utilities and field
scale evaluations for removal of organics.
Provide Engineering Technologies and Monitoring Data i for ^ Dj"inking Vlater
ards. This program will continue to -pro vide ''''evaluation'" of processes for removal
of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides and radionuclides for use in
regulation implementation. It will provide information on treatment systems per-
formances and costs to permit cost-effectiveness analyses of proposed treatment
systems. The program will provide evaluations of disinfectant effectiveness and
factors contributing to microbial deterioration of water quality in distribution
systems. Research emphasizing technologies especially adaptable to small systems
will continue.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,935,000 supported by 58.4
total workyears for this program, of which $3,099,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,835,300 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Research is continuing to evaluate treatment processes and costs to support
ODW regulatory decision-making. Cost data is being compiled for unit processes
to do cost-effectiveness analyses of proposed treatment systems. Factors which
contribute to deterioration of water quality in distribution systems and methods
for control are being investigated. Work on lead standard compliance problems due
to lead/tin solders in plumbing systems is being completed. Research work empha-
sizing technology particularly adaptable to small systems is also being continued.
DW-17
-------
1985 Ac comp 1 1 s hment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,858,400 supported by 57.0 total
workyears for this program, of which 2,756,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,101,700 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Major accomplishments included publication of the following reports: Removal
of Radionuclides from Drinking Water, Problem of Microbial Protection of Inverte-
brates, Microbial Quality Considerations in Distribution Systems, and Biological
Sample Preservation.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,002,600 supported by 24.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,320,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,682,000 will be for the Research and Development' appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $141,300 and $478,200, respectively, and no change
in total workyears. The decrease reflects the completion of several studies related
to basic process research.
Provide Scientific Methods an^^^^ for Protection of Ground-water Resources.
This program "will '"continue to focus'^n methods development and studies of subsur-
face transport and fate processes such as sorption, biological transformation,
redox, hydrolysis and ion exchange. Research to determine the cost-effectiveness
of jn-situ aquifer restoration techniques will continue, leading to cleanup where
previously the cost was prohibitive. This work is coordinated with the Hazardous
Waste and Pesticides Programs.
Field evaluation of movement and transformation of wastes from underground
injection wells will continue. Continued support for Underground Injection Control
(UIC) research work will provide more confidence that this method for waste
disposal is safe and cost-effective.
Joint studies will also continue with the People's Republic of China in the
area of transport and fate and ecological effects of ground-water contaminants.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,622,100 supported by 24.3
total workyears for this program, of which $1,461,900 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,160,200 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Research is focused on developing and improving methods for predicting the
impacts of contamination on underground sources of drinking water as well as pro-
viding for information transfer for the National Groundwater Information Center
and the International Groundwater Modeling Center. The program is determining the
cost-effectiveness of in-situ aquifer restoration techniques and supports the
Underground Injection Control (UIC) regulations by studying the fate and transport
of wastes in and from the injection zone.
1985 Accompl i shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,323,600 supported by 28.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,395,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,928,300 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
DW-18
-------
In 1985, major accomplishments included completion of a field facility for
determining the adequacy and accuracy of cement bonding and mechanical integrity
tests for injection wells. A report on state-of-the-art aquifer restoration tech-
niques was published. A technique for causing subsurface biodegradation of tri-
chloroethylene was discovered. Two manuals were published to aid implementation
of ground-water monitoring programs: A Practical Guide for Ground-water Sampling
and An Introduction to Ground-water Tracers,
DW-19
-------
Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
TableofContents
Page
DRINKING WATER
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines DW-21
Criteria, Standards & Guidelines DW-23
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance DW-26
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants.......... DW-27
Underground Injection Control Program Grants ... DW-28
Special Studies & Demonstrations................ DW-30
Trai ni ng DW-30
Drinking Water Management DW-31
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance OW-33
Underground Injection Control Program DW-35
Ground-Water Protection , DW-37
DW-20
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards X Guidelines
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
, REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROfiRAM
Criteria, Standards &
Guidelines
Salaries * Expenses $5,711.3 $5,593.3 $5,539.2 -$238.4 $5,300.8 $5,580.9 $280.1
Abatement Control and $4,405.6 ^5,103.0 $5,103.0 -$219.5 $4,883.5 $5,003,0 $119.5
Compliance
TOTAL $10,116.9 $10,696.3 $10,642.2 -$457.9 $10,184.3 $10,583,9 $399.6
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses $5,711.3 W.593.3 $5,539.2 -$238,4 $5,300.8 $5,580.9 $280.1
Abatement Control and $4,405.6 $5,103.0 $5,103.0 -$219.5 $4,883,5 $5,003*0 $119.5
Compliance
Drinking Hater TOTAL $10,116.9 $10,696.3 $10,642.2 -$457.9 $10,184.3 $10,583.9 $399.6
Criteria, Standards f,
Guidelines
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Criteria, Standards & 90.0 93.6 93.6 93 6 93 6
Guidelines * " "
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 90.0 93.6 93.6 93.6 93.6
-------
DRINKING WATAR
Drinking Mater Criteria, Standards $ Guidelines
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 198? DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 198R
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Criteria, Standards 8
Guidelines
101.7
101.8
101.8
101.8
101.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
101.7
101.8
101.8
101.8
101.8
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards and Guidelines
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,583,900 supported by 101.8 total workyears
for 1987, a increase of $399,600 and no change in total workyears from 1986, Of
the request, $5,580,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$5,003,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $280,100 and $119,500, respectively.
Prpgrain Description
Criteria, Standards and Guidellnes The program is dedicated to the identi-
ficationofdrinking water contaminants that may have any adverse effect on human
health, the detei*mination of the contaminant levels that serve to protect against
such effects, the development of enforceable standards and regulations and the
implementation and oversight of the Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS) and
Underground Injection Control (UIC) programs.
The Safe Drinking Water Act (SHWA) mandates that EPA develop revised National
Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) to stand as comprehensive protection
against adverse health effects posed by natural and synthetic toxic contaminants.
Revised NpnWRs may take the form of numerical Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) or
a treatment-based requirement. In either case, a separate "Recommended MCI" (RMCL)
is first established for every contaminant to be regulated, representing a health-
based goal. For those contaminants found to be measurable at the system level with
workable, affordable analytic technology, the MCL is set as close to the RMCL as
feasible, taking into account the performance and cost of the best "generally
available" treatment technology. Otherwise, a treatment requirement, prescribing
such "generally available" technology, can he promulgated. Complementing these
enforceable, primary standards are health advisories, nonenforceable guidance
pertaining to the toxicology of contaminants with limited, localized occurrence or
not yet regulated.
The Headquarters program shares in the implementation of the PWS and UIC
programs by providing implementation tools (such as guidance documents and techni-
cal materials) and technical assistance. This program also tracks national
environmental progress, establishing performance measures and compiling data on
national compliance with PWS and UIC regulatory requirements. For this purpose,
Headquarters develops and maintains automated data systems; it also maintains
central financial management and program planning responsibilities. EPA also has
responsibility to provide scientific and technical information to States, locali-
ties, and utilities.
CRITERIA, STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
1987 Program Request^
Tne Agency requests a total of $10,583,900, supported hy 101.8 total workyears
for t",is program, of which $5,580,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $5,003,000 wiT> be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $280,100 and $119,500, respectively,
with no change in total workyears. The Salaries and Expenses increase reflects
increased operating costs. The Abatement, Control and Compliance increase reflects
additional resources for the National Pesticide survey and monitoring activities,
EPA will promulgate the first revised NPD'IRs, n%w MCLs for nine volatile
organic contaminants (VOCs), including tetrachloroethylene, in late calendar year
DW-23
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1986. Penalization of Phase II RMCLs and proposal of enforceable MCLs and treatment
regulations, dealing with the bulk of known or anticipated contaminant risks (pesti-
cides, synthetic organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, and microbiological disease
agents) will be accomplished in Spring 1987. In addition, Phase III (radionuclides)
proposed MCLs (with simultaneous publication of final RMCLs) will also be published.
In 1987, emphasis will increase on the fourth phase of NPDWR revision, which
encompasses review of the last Interim MCL, for trihalomethanes (THMs), as well as
consideration of disinfectant toxicity and additional disinfectant by-products.
RMCLs for THMs, other prevalent by-products and disinfectants will be proposed in
1987.
The four phases of NPDWR revision comprise a comprehensive expansion of public
health protection from exposure to toxic substances. The lack of health effects
data on many substances, however, will require the Agency to continue its risk
assessment process and evaluate new research findings on still unregulated contami-
nants. Primary regulations will be augmented with additional health advisories,
supplying health-based numerical standards for a multitude of toxic substances
which may turn up as localized contaminants. Because both the number and the
application of these advisories have increased, EPA is developing an electronic-
based, multi-access health advisory registry and a formal review system to assure
the quality and consistency of scientific content.
Sampling and analysis for the National Pesticide Survey will continue. This
nationwide survey of water supply wells, jointly supported by the Drinking Water
and Pesticides programs, will involve sampling and analysis from more than 1500
locations as well as scanning for approximately 50 pesticides and their transfor-
mation products. Survey results will help the pesticide program determine the
relationship between pesticide usage, chemical characteristics, environmental fac-
tors and subsequent contamination events; the survey will give the drinking water
program occurrence data necessary to estimate human exposure, which will help deter-
mine future regulatory development. A general benefit is the demonstration of
analytic technologies for monitoring a multitude of synthetic organic compounds. As
the survey proceeds in finding problem contaminants, this data.can be used to help
fashion specific monitoring regulations for "vulnerable" systems to assure the
safety of their supplies.
The program will continue to provide national direction, guidance and oversight
to DIG programs, to assure consistent regulatory decisions and actions, while
implementing a framework and procedures to define and track national environmental
results.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $10,184,300 supported by 101.8
total workyears for this program of which $5,300.800 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,883,500 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In November 1985, final RMCLs and simultaneous proposal of enforceable MCLs
for 8 Phase I VOCs were published. For one contaminant, tetrachloroethylene, new
data necessitated re-proposal of the RMCL; consequently RMCL publication/MCL propo-
sal must occur separately. Phase II RMCLs have also been proposed in November
covering 26 organic chemicals and pesticides, 12 inorganic contaminants and 4
categories of microbiological contaminants. A final RMCL and proposed MCL for
fluoride has also been issued. In April EPA expects to propose Phase III RMCLs,
pertaining to radionuclides.
Incorporated within the Phase I NPDWR proposal is a special monitoring regula-
tion requiring systems to monitor for approximately 50 unregulated VOCs using
instrumentation and routines similar to that required for Phase I compliance moni-
toring. These rules, proposed under the authority of SDWA section 1445(a), are
intended to help systems and the public learn more about their own water quality.
DW-24
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Monitoring results will also give EPA a more thorough data base on exposure to
these contaminants. Before these rules are promulgated, health advisories for each
target contaminant 1s being developed from available toxicology data to help guide
systems or identify prospective health risks posed in the event of a contaminant's
detection.
The Agency 1s completing plans for the National Pesticide Survey. The actual
sampling and analysis starts in 1986. At the same time, another survey, the National
Inorganics and Radionuclide Survey (NIRS), will be 1n its final phases of sampling
and data compilation.
Full scale implementation of State and Federal UIC programs brings with it the
emergence of various technical and programmatic issues which requires the develop-
ment of a growing number of guidances, technical bulletins and other implementation
tools to ensure consistent administration of UIC regulations.
1985 Accompl1shment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated $10,116,900, supported by 101.7 total workyears,
of which $5,711,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $4,405,600
was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During the year final health criteria documents were prepared for over- 7.0
contaminants under regulatory consideration for Phases I-III. A RMCL for fluoride
was proposed in June. A major portion of the NIRS sampling and analysis process
was completed in September 1985; 52 health advisories were prepared covering organic
and inorganic compounds under Phase I-II consideration and other compounds frequent-
ly associated with spills and localized contamination.
With UIC programs effective 1n December 1984 in the remaining non-primacy
jurisdictions, Headquarters focused on providing guidance and technical assis-
tance Including completion of a national UIC compliance strategy and development
of measures of compliance and environmental payoff.
DW-25
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DRINKING HATER
Drinking Hater State Program Resource Assistance
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDfiET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 19R7 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Public Water Systems
Supervision Program
Grants
Abatement Control and $28,424.3 $29,450.0 529,450.0 -S1.2S6.3 $28,183.7 $28,450.0 $26fi.3
Compliance
TOTAL $28,424.3 $29,450.0 $29,450.0 -$1,?«6.3 $28,183.7 $28,450.0 *2fifi.3
Underground Injection
? Control Program Grants
N> Abatement'Control and $8,312.1 $9,100.2 $9,100.2 -$391.3 $8,708.9 $8^500.0 -$208.9
Compliance
TOTAL $8,312.1 $9,100.? $9,100.2 -$391.3 $8,708.9 $8,500.0 -5208.9
Special Studies &
Demonstrations
Abatement Control and $2,100,0 $2,350.0 -$101.1 $2,248.9 -$2,248.9
Compliance
TOTAL $2,100.0 $2,350.0 -$101.1 $2,248.9 -$2,248.9
Training
Abatement Control and $214.0 $250.0 -$10.8 $239.2 -$239 2
Compliance
TOTAL $214.0 $250.0 -$10.8 5239.2 -$239.2
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $39,050.4 $38,550.2 $41,150.2 -$1,769.5 $39,380.7 $36,950.0 -$2,430.7
Compliance
HrinMng Hater State TOTAL $39,050.4 $38,650.2 $41,150.2 -51,769.5 $39,380.7 136,050.0 -$2,430.7
Program Resource
Assistance
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $36,950,000 for 1987, a decrease of $2,430,700
from 1986, All of the request will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
ProgramDescription
The intent of the Safe Drinking Water Act 1s that States should assume the
primary role for implementing and enforcing the drinking water and the underground
injection control (UIC) regulations. Federal financial assistance, in the form of
grants, is provided to States to develop and maintain these programs. To be eligible
for grants, States must have primary enforcement responsibility.
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants The program provides grants
to States which have been delegated primary enforcement authority for implementing
a Federally-approved Public Water System Supervision (PWS) program, EPA may also
use the funds allocated to non-primacy States and Indian lands to defray the cost
of Federal implementation of the program, including travel.
Underground Injection ControlProgram Grants This program provides grants
to support State activities in 'implementing the UIC program. As with the PWS
program, EPA may use the funds allocated to a non-primacy State and Indian lands
for program implementation and travel associated with implementation activities 1n
non-primacy States.
Special Studies and Demonstrations This program includes resources for the
National RuralWater Associationfor training and technical assistance to operators
of small rural water systems.
Training This program includes funds for fellowships to State personnel in
the PWS and UIC program areas for academic training and for academic grants.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS SUPERVISION PROGRAM GRANTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $28,450,000 for this program, all of which will
be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents an
increase of $266,300 for State Implementation of volatile organic contaminants
regulations.
This grant will be included in a legislative proposal for block grants designed
to give States more flexibility and autonomy in administering environmental pro-
grams. In 1987, we expect States to continue to emphasize the following activities.
The PWS grants will support 54 State primacy programs. During 1987, the States
will prepare for the implementation of the volatile organic contaminants (VOC)
regulations which will become effective in the Spring of 1988, These regulations
cover those volatile organic contaminants frequently encountered in public water
systems using ground-water sources and contain analytic and treatment requirements
with precision levels well beyond the existing norm for' small, groundwater source
systems at risk. We expect the States to ensure that public water systems carry out
the VOC monitoring and reporting requirements including mandatory monitoring of
about 50 unregulated contaminants, a requirement authorized under Section,1445(a) of
the SDWA. The States will Initiate the first round of contaminant monitoring and,
using health advisories, will work witli systems to avoid health risks posed by un-
regulated contaminants.
DW-27
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EPA will encourage the States to redirect their enforcement programs ta include
violations of the VOC regulations and to ensure that timely and appropriate enforce-
ment actions are initiated against non-complying systems.
State drinking water programs will continue to assume a pivotal role when con-
tamination of drinking water sources is discovered, even in cases where unregulated
contaminants are involved. State officials must evaluate the public health risks
for those contaminants which EPA has not established an enforceable standard,
collecting and interpreting health effects and treatment information to formulate
an action plan. The PWS grant funds will continue to support primacy programs as
well as EPA direct implementation program activities including analytical services,
sanitary surveys, training, data management, disease surveillance, on-site techni-
cal activities, and data management.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $28,183,700 for this program, all
of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Fifty-four States are expected to receive grants, and EPA is using the funds
allocated to the remaining States for direct implementation activities. . EPA is
providing transition assistance to Oregon and Pennsylvania.
During 1986, States are focusing on improving the compliance of community water
systems with the regulations and working with systems where compliance is declin-
ing or progress has not been made. The States are initiating enforcement actions in
cases of persistent non-compliance, where there is no evidence that systems will
take corrective action. States are expected to initiate 5,700 enforcement actions
and conduct 9,000 inspections related to violations. With the growing number of
groundwater contamination incidents, State officials increasingly are called upon
to gauge the public health risk and arrange the appropriate response. The grants
also support program and data management activities.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $28,424,300 for this program, all of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Fifty-three States including Pennsylvania received grants while EPA used the
funds allotted to the non-primacy States for implementation of the Federal program
through contracts. The grant funds supported PWS Supervision program operations^
including the certification/recertification of an estimated 3,700 laboratories, the
conduct of 38,000 routine sanitary surveys and the review of 20,000 plans and speci-
fications. The States continued to focus on improving compliance among public
water systems and initiated 4,600 formal enforcement actions and conducted 8,400
violation related inspections.
UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROGRAM GRANTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,500,000 for this program, all of which will
be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents a
decrease of $208,900. The decrease 1n Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects
progress in UIC permitting.
This grant will be included in a legislative proposal .for block grants designed
to give States more flexibility and autonomy in administering environmental pro-
grams. In 1987, we expect States to continue to emphasize the following activities.
DW-28
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These funds will support State or EPA programs to protect underground drinking
water sources from contamination through underground injection practices." Permit-
ting, which enables States (or EPA) to apply the general UIC requirements to site-
specific conditions, will continue to be a high program priority. The priority for
permitting remains new wells associated with oil and gas production (Class II), new
wells related to deep injection of hazardous and municipal wastes (Class I) (permit-
ting of existing Class I wells will be completed in 1986) and new mining wells
(Class III). In primacy States, reviews of well records will be conducted for 20%
of the existing Class II wells currently authorized by rule. In addition, States
will determine whether to permit miscellaneous wells which fall into the Class V
category.
As the State permit workload decreases, the States will be able to devote
greater effort to bringing violators into compliance and requiring operators to
address actual or potential contamination problems. A field presence will demon-
strate to the regulated community that the States will exercise their enforcement
authority when necessary. When- program operators fail to comply, States will
initiate appropriate enforcement actions.
Other activities supported by the grants include: maintaining well inven-
tories, compliance tracking with permit conditions and/or rule requirements, techni-
cal assistance to operators, training and other data management activities. When
EPA implements a program in a State, the funds will be used to support a similar
range of activities,
1986 program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,708,900 for this program, all
of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
These funds support programs to protect underground sources of drinking water
from contamination through underground injection in all 57 States and Territories,
as well as on Indian lands. EPA uses grant funds allotted to 19 full non-primacy
and 5 partial non-primacy States and Indian lands to support direct implementation
activities. The priorities for permitting by EPA and the States are similar to
those in 1987.
Grant funds also support surveillance and compliance activities. The programs'
primary means of surveillance is through the receipt and review of operation reports.
For this system to be effective, there must be no question about the credibility of
operators' data. This requires the program to maintain an effective verification
effort. In addition, demonstrated absence of leaks is an important element of
compliance. Where violations are evident, appropriate enforcement action is being
initiated. States are beginning to emphasize compliance with permit conditions and
increasing inspections, mechanical integrity tests (MIT) and surveillance acti-
vities.
1985 Accpmpli s hments ,
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $8,312,100 for this program, all Of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Thirty-three States achieved full primacy and five had partial primacy by the
end of 1985. The States completed 180 permit determinations for existing Class I
and Class III wells, reviewed 15,509 records for Class II wells, evaluated tests of
19,848 wells for mechanical integrity and witnessed approximately 25 percent of the
MITs. In addition, the State compliance and enforcement activities increased with
the completion of 46,282 field inspections and initiation of administrative actions,
review of monitoring reports, and initiation of 2 new civil litigations.
DW-29
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SPECIAL STUDIES AND DEMONSTRATIONS
1987 Prograi Request
No funding is requested for this program. This represents a decrease of
$2,248,900 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The decrease
represents the Agency's position that the National Rural Water Association has
demonstrated the effectiveness of grass roots training and technical assistance
programs to benefit small systems and that the individual State associations should
be able to move toward self-sufficiency through the use of organizational dues and
training fees.
1986 Program
"In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,248,900 for this program, all
of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
These funds support the training and technical assistance activities of the
National Rural Water Association. The National Association, through its 31 cur-
rently funded State associations covering 33 States, is providing guidance on ways
to promote compliance among rural water systems.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,100,000 for this program, all of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
These funds supported the National Rural Water Association's outreach program.
The State associations funded a total of 384 workshops in 33 States to train
operators of small water systems and provided 3,840 days of technical assistance to
these systems.
TRAINING
1987 Program Request
No funds are requested for this program. This represents a decrease of
$239,200 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The decrease
represents the Agency's view that there are sufficient opportunities for State
personnel to obtain training in environmental and public health fields without
Federal support.
1986 Program
The Agency is allocating $239,200 for this program, all of which is from the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These funds will be used to
provide fellowships to State agency personnel involved in the administration and
implementation of State PWS and UIC programs.
1985 Accompl i shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $214,000 for this program, all of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The funds supported academic training for 84 State agency personnel. Of this
total 61 fellowships were awarded to personnel involved in the administration and
Implementation of State PWS programs and 23 were awarded to personnel involved in
the protection of ground water.
DW-30
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PROGRAM
DRINKING MATER
Drinking Hater Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE *
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Public Water Systems
Supervision Program
Assistance
Salaries $ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$4,726.7 $5,090.5 $5,073,6
$6.0
$10.0
-$218.3 $4,855.3 $5,016.6 $161.3
-$0.4 $9.6 $10.0 $0.4
TOTAL $4,732.7 $5,090.5 $5,083.6 -$218.7 $4,864.9 $5,026.6 $161.7
Underground Injection
Control Program
Salaries I Expenses $4,579.4 $5,804.2 $5,460.9
,. TOTAL ,$4,579.4 t5,804.2 $5,460.9
TOTAL:
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Drinking Water
Management
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
$9,306.1 $10,894.7 $10,534.5
$6.0 $10.0
-$234.7 $5,226.2 $5,521.3
-$234.7 $5,226.2 $5,521.3
-$453.0 $10,081.5 $10,537.9
-$0.4 $9.6 $10.0
TOTAL $9,312.1 $10,894.7 $10,544.5 -$453.4 $10,091.1 $10,547.9
$295.1
$295.1
$456.4
$0.4
$456.8
Public Mater Systems
Supervision Program.
Assistance
Underyroufi.' Inject ion
Control Program
TOT/'L PERMANENT MORKYEARS
118.8
119.0
237.8
121.1
143.5
264.fi
121.6
141.1
262.7
121.6 121.6
141.1 141.1
262.7 262.7
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Public V'ater Systems
Supervision Program
Assistance
Underground Injection
Control Program
TOTAL WOP.K.YEARS
WINKING WATER
Drinking Hater Management
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL RUDfiET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
130.5
132.4
132.4
131,3 154,0 153.9
261. R 286.4
286.3
132.4
132,4
153.9 153.9
286.3 286.3
ir
K>
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DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,547,900 supported by 286.3 total workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $456,800 and no change in total workyears from 1986. Of
the request, $10,537,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$10,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase
of $456,400 and $400, respectively.
Program Description
Two major Regional programs comprise this subactivity.
Publ1C Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance This program consists
of Regional activities related to national Implementation of drinking water regula-
tions to ensure that public water supplies are free of contamination which may pose
adverse health effects. The Regional offices provide oversight and support to
primacy States in administering Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS) programs and
implement programs in those States which do not have primacy and on Indian lands
where States do not have civil jurisdiction. The Regions assist States where
specific problems are Identified, evaluate State programs, and award the PWS grants.
The Regions continue to respond to contamination incidents Including those (involv-
ing unregulated contaminants) which may potentially affect public water supplies.
Underground InjectionCoptrol Program This program consists of Regional
activities related to the pTotettioii^Turrdepground water sources. The Regions are
responsible for ensuring Implementation of the Underground Injection Control (UIC)
Regulations, either through oversight and assistance to primacy States or Federal
implementation in non-primacy States and on Indian lands. They are also responsible
for review of sole source aquifer designation petitions. Grant awards for the UIC
program are administered by the Regions.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS SUPERVISION PROGRAM ASSISTANCE
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $5,026,600 supported by 132.4 total workyears,
of which $5,016,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $10,000
will be for the Abatement Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents an
Increase of $161,300 and $400, respectively, with no change in total workyears. The
increase in Salaries and Expenses is for Increased operating costs. The increase
1n Abatement, Control and Compliance is for data management activities.
The Regions will work with the States in implementing regulations for volatile
organic contaminants (VOCs), redirecting program efforts in order to adopt any
necessary statutory or regulatory revisions to apply and enforce provisions at
least as stringent as the Federal requirements. By early 1988, public water
supplies will have to comply with VOC Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). Monitor-
ing and Reporting (M/R) requirements, including monitoring for approximately 50
additional VOCs, will be effective upon promulgation; but States may phase in the
measurement requirements overtime, with the smallest systems allowed four years to
perform the minimum analytic requirements. The Regions will be available to help
States with new analytic techniques and meeting additional laboratory certification
requirements. The Regions will also have to review the State programs to ensure
their adequacy under primacy criteria.
DW-33
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The new monitoring activities will generate a number of cases of contamination.
In a limited number of instances, EPA will assist States, localities, and systems
in confirming concentration levels, advising on reliable sampling/analytic proce-
dures and the potential for adverse health effects, investigating the pathways of
contamination, and suggesting remedial measures including appropriate treatment
technology.
Compliance with existing regulatory requirements will remain a primary measure
of environmental effectiveness and thus a chief focus for the PWS Supervision pro-
gram. While elimination of violations with the microbiology, turbidity and total
trihalomethanes standard will continue as a high priority, compliance with the chemi-
cal and radiological standards will receive new emphasis. In addition, Regions will
track the progress of those systems identified as having significant non-compliance.
Regional staff will prepare the necessary technical documentation to assure timely
and appropriate Federal enforcement actions are initiated against violations of the
Interim primary regulations.
Regions may conduct site visits to laboratories previously certified to spot
check for the quality and accuracy of sample analyses, perform mid-year evaluations,
and review and verify report data.
19815 Program
In 1986 the Agency is allocating a total of $4,864,900 supported by 132.4
total workyears for this program, of which $4,855,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $9,600 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
Fifty-four States have assumed primary enforcement authority for the PWS
supervision program to assure compliance with Interim Primary Regulations. EPA
Regions are working with these primacy States to achieve full compliance, particu-
larly for microbiological and turbidity MCLs and monitoring, so that, overall, the
number of community PWSs in persistent non-compliance with MCLs will amount to less
than 1% of the national inventory. EPA's goal is to eliminate all such persistent
non-compliance by 1988.
EPA is directly implementing the program in three non-primacy States and on
Indian lands. In anticipation of implementing the VOC regulations, Regions are
engaged in assuring a sufficient laboratory capacity for VOC analyses and working
with utilities on analytic and reporting requirements. EPA is intensifying negotia-
tions with Indiana in an effort to delegate the program by 1987, Although Penn-
sylvania and Oregon will have primacy in 1986, EPA continues to provide transition
support in such areas as data management, compliance, follow-up, completion of
formal enforcement actions, staff training, and other appropriate activities.
The Regions continue to provide assistance to States and utilities as they
respond to contamination of water supplies, such as occurrence of ethylene dibromide
(EDB). Other assistance involves the investigation and control of agents causing
disease outbreaks including the continuing incidence of gastroenteritis and giar-
diasis.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $4,732,700 supported by 130.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $4,726,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,000 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance Appropria-
tion.
The Regions responded to 325 separate instances of reported contamination,
either of supplies themselves or potential threats to sources. Serious contamina-
tion incidents, involving substantial regional staff time, occurred in every Region.
DW-34
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Among those were 10 investigations of disease outbreaks. Technical assistance
varied in extent from simple responses to telephone Inquiries to extensive studies
of contamination sites including liaison with Superfund actions.
With the delegation to Pennsylvania, 53 State programs are now directly
responsible for more than 96% of the Nation's community water systems. Encourage-
ment from the Regional programs (through direct contact and through the negotiation
of State grant agreements and program evaluation) has led to a more aggressive
State effort to bring systems into compliance with basic public health standards.
UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROGRAM
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,521,300 supported by 153.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
with no change in total workyears. This represents an increase of $295,100 for
increased operating costs.
EPA is expected to be responsible for program implementation 1n 20 States and
Indian lands during 1987, In four of those States, EPA will be responsible for
regulating only certain categories of wells, with the State having assumed primacy
for the remaining categories. Since establishing the last of these direct imple-
mentation (DI) programs in late 1984, EPA Regions have made their first priority to
meet a primary statutory requirement: that no underground injection may take place
without an official permit or other means of approval, which implements proper
controls and requires periodic monitoring so that the threat of contamination to
underground sources of drinking water is prevented. While the permitting process
proceeds on a 5-year schedule, the Regions will ensure that the growing number of
Federally-permitted wells operate in conformance with permit requirements. This
will include conducting inspections, witnessing and reviewing mechanical Integrity
tests, and conducting record reviews for enhanced recovery wells to identify compli-
ance problems requiring corrective action. Regions will follow up on confirmed or
suspected violations to the extent possible by making on-site visits, meeting with
violators, and developing compliance schedules. As necessary, they will develop
preliminary technical rationales to support more formal enforcement action.
At the same time, the Regions must maintain oversight and provide technical
assistance to 41 State programs, which are regulating the preponderance of injec-
tion facilities. Matching the priority given to compliance when EPA has direct
responsibility, Regions will actively encourage States to assure compliance through
inspections, record reviews, and timely mechanical integrity testing and to solve
any emerging compliance problems through a combination of technical assistance and
enforcement action. Part of this Regional help will be the application of hydro-
geological expertise.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,226,200 supported by 153.9
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
The UIC Implementation strategy for permit determinations, where EPA has direct
implementation responsibility, is to review all new Class II applications first In
accordance with the statutory mandate not to impede oil and gas production. The
second priority, existing Class I wells, reflects the Agency's concern about the
disposal of hazardous wastes through underground injection. Because of the poten-
tial contamination from mining operations, Regions are reviewing existing Class III
wells, followed by new Class I and III wells to ensure that construction, activities
are not hampered. Regions review existing Class II wells as a lower priority because
of the 5-year period provided by the regulations. An expanded permitting effort
enables the Regions to complete determinations an all existing Class I and III
DW-35
-------
applications, 20% of existing Class II applications, and new Class I, II, and III
applications in 1986. The Regions are also completing the assessment of Class V
(miscellaneous) wells in non-primacy jurisdictions, maintaining a current inventory
of all injection wells, witnessing mechanical integrity tests for some categories
of wells, reviewing monitoring reports, maintaining an accurate and current data
base, and conducting surveillance activities to ensure compliance.
The Regions oversee and provide technical assistance to 38 States with
primacy at the beginning of 1986, operating 33 full and 5 partial programs. Over-
sight activities include evaluating State implementation programs, working with the
States to identify and address compliance problems, negotiating annual program
outputs to meet annual operating objectives, and verifying data to ensure accuracy
of information used to report environmental results.
Regions continue to process petitions to designate sole source aquifers and
continue to evaluate proposed Federally funded projects in designated sole source
aquifer areas to determine if any contamination potential exists and, based upon
the determination, make appropriate recommendations to the Administrator. In
addition, they provide hydrogeological assistance on groundwater contamination
incidents and emergency response, conduct grants and financial management activi-
ties, provide training, and coordinate UIC activities with other related programs.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985 the Agency obligated a total of $4,579,400 supported by 131.3 total
workyears for the program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
In December 1984 EPA promulgated regulations establishing UIC programs for
the last group of States and for most Indian lands without State primacy. The
Regions continued to process State primacy applications and negotiated with States
on program plans and implementation activities, delegating full programs in 2 States
and partial programs 1n 3 States during 1985. For those States with primacy, the
Regional Offices reviewed compliance and monitoring reports and provided guidance
and assistance on mechanical integrity testing and technical program requirements.
They reviewed the States' annual report data and processed the information for com-
pilation into the annual report of program accomplishments. They were responsible
for managing the State grant program, which included reviewing program plans,
negotiating changes, awarding grants, and auditing grants.
In the jurisdictions where EPA was implementing programs, the first priority
was the discovery and closure of Class IV wells (injecting hazardous wastes into or
above a drinking water source) within 6 months. Other activities involved notifi-
cation of facility operators of UIC permits and the first issuance of permits. By
the end of the fiscal year, EPA had issued 42 permits for existing Class I and III
wells, 5 for new Class I and Ill's and 313 for new Class II oil and gas wells and
64 for existing Class II's. The Regions also reviewed 3,302 Class II well record
files and witnessed 3,068 mechanical integrity tests. To date EPA designated
21 sole source aquifers, with 12 more petitions under review.
.DW-36
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DRINKING HATER
firound-Uater Protection
OJ
PROGRAH
Ground-Hater Protection
Salaries S Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compile nee
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Ground-iJater TOTAL
Protection
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Ground -Hater Protection
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Ground-Hater Protection
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
$1,349.4
$969.3
$2 , 3 18. 7
$1,349.4
$969.3
$2,318.7
23.7
23.7
26.4
26.4
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS
$1,3R8.6
$1,000.0
$-2,388.6
$1,388.6
$1,000.0
$2,388.6
28.o
28.0
28.0
28.0
ENACTED BALANCER
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
$1,404.3 -$60.4
$1,000.0 -$43.0
$2,404.3 -$103.4
$1,404.3 -$60.4
$1,000.0 -$43.0
$2,404.3 -$103.4
27.3
27.3
28.0
28.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$1,343.9
$957.0
$2,300.9
$1,343.9
$957.0
$2,300.9
27.3
27.3
28,0
28.0
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
$1,398.3 $54.4
$900.0 -$57.0
$2,298.3 -$2.6
$1,398.3 $54.4
$900.0 -$57.0
$2,298.3 -$2.6
27.3
27.3
28.0
28.0
-------
DRINKING WATER
Ground-Water Protection
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,298,300 supported by 28.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $2,600 and no change in total workyears. Of the request,
$1,398,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $900,000
will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase of
$54,400 and a decrease of $57,000, respectively.
Program Description
Grounds-Water Protection The ground-water protection program focuses actions
under currentauthorities to protect the Nation's ground water. The program's
major objectives include: building and enhancing institutions at the State level;
coordinating ground-water protection activities across EPA programs; providing
assistance in addressing problems that arise from sources of ground-water contamin-
ation that are of national concern; and implementing guidelines for EPA decisions
affecting ground-water protection and cleanup. Both Headquarters and Regional
staffs are supported by this program.
GROUND-WATER PROTECTION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,298,300 supported by 28.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,398,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses approp-
riation and $900,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents an increase of $54,400 and a decrease of $57,000, respective-
ly, and no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as part of the government wide deficit reductions.
The decrease in Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects the completion of some
public information activities.
EPA and the Regions working with States will continue to implement the Ground-
Water Protection Strategy. Headquarters and Regions will jointly conduct State
program development workshops to exchange information among States and to identify
common technical and management problems and experiences.
The Agency will implement the ground-water monitoring strategy, which will
provide decision makers (at the EPA, State, and site manager levels) the data
necessary to make decisions relating to ground water. One major aspect of that
effort will be to use existing data systems to design a ground-water information
program with capacity to store, shape, and analyze ground-water quality data col^
lected by EPA States and private industry and other ground-water systems. Workshops
will be held with the States in cooperation with United States Geological Survey
(USGS) to assist States in developing their own ground-water data management systems.
Technical Information Publications (TIPs) will be developed for local managers that
describe successful practices for dealing with selected activities affecting ground-
water quality.
During 1987, the Agency will incorporate ground-water classification guide-
lines, as appropriate, into the policies, regulations, and procedures administered
in several Agency programs dealing with ground water. Headquarters and Regions will
work with the States to implement the Pesticides in Ground Water Strategy.
Headquarters and the Regions will manage internal coordinating committees to
assure that major ground-water policy questions are addressed. External coordina-
DW-38
-------
ting committees will be managed to ensure Involvement of key groups such as State
and local governments and other Federal agencies. Memoranda of Understanding be-
tween EPA and the U.S. Geological Survey and EPA and the Bureau of Reclamation
will be implemented. EPA will coordinate the implementation of the recommendations
made by a Science Advisory Board committee review of EPA ground-water research.
The Agency will continue a public information program to inform the public on EPA
protection activities.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,300,900 supported by 28.0 total
workyears to this program, of which $1,343,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $957,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation.
Through the Regions, Headquarters is supporting State strategy development
with EPA grant funds. Headquarters and Regions are conducting workshops with the
States focusing on elements of successful State ground-water programs and how they
might be incorporated into State programs, the ground-water monitoring and data
management systems, and greater coordination and support from other Federal agen-
cies. All of these efforts are oriented toward helping each State complete a
comprehensive State ground-water strategy and toward developing State programs.
A liaison group of a dozen national organizations representing State and
local governments is meeting to exchange information and ideas on intergovernment-
al ground-water protection efforts. This group is assisting EPA in helping States
Improve their programs and work toward agreed-upon approaches to ground-water
protection. Under an EPA grant, a university consortium is holding several ground-
water symposia to provide a forum for analysis and examination of public policy
issues of importance to State and local officials. In addition to offering an
opportunity for examination of issues, the symposia will result in a publication
on public policy choices and their Implications for State and local officials
responsible for ground-water quality management. Selected provisions of the Ground-
Water Monitoring Strategy are being implemented in 1986. These initial efforts
will focus on ground-water information collection efforts 1n EPA and other agencies
to provide greater access to existing information and to yield a better understand-
ing of ground-water contamination sources. This effort utilizes existing data
systems.
Headquarters is working with States, Regions, and public representatives to
develop TIPs on various control/cleanup technologies, including a publication on
how to reduce ground-water pollution from septic systems. Headquarters and the
Regions are working with the Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances to implement
selected provisions of the Pesticides in Ground-Water Strategy.
In cooperation with States and USGS, various EPA offices are undertaking
studies and surveys of special ground-water concerns, e.g., a survey of surface
impoundments, landfills and municipal lagoons to identify the extent of real and
potential contamination from these sources as required under the Resource Conser-
vation Recovery Act (RCRA) reauthorization. The ground-water program is working
to support these efforts.
In 1986 the Ground-Water Guidelines are being Incorporated into several EPA
programs and workshops will be held with the Regions and the States to provide
technical and management assistance. The Agency is continuing to improve coordin-
ation of ground-water protection activities among EPA programs. Headquarters and
the Regions will manage internal and external coordinating committees established
in 1985 to ensure that major policy questions are addressed and to ensure appropri-
ate involvement of key constituency groups.
DW-39
-------
1985 Accompli s hments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2.318,700 supported by 26.4 total
workyears, of which $1,349,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$969,300 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1985, EPA awarded Section 106 grants to States in part to Initiate compre-
hensive strategies or develop State ground-water programs. The first compendium of
descriptions of State ground-water programs was developed and distributed to the
States. A liaison group of a dozen State and local organizations was formed to
exchange information on intergovernmental ground-water protection efforts. Under an
EPA grant, a university consortium held ground-water symposia on State and local
ground-water issues.
A draft ground-water monitoring strategy was developed to help in coordinating
ground-water information collection in EPA and other Agencies, A Pesticides in
Ground Water Strategy was initiated with the Office of Pesticide Programs to address
pesticide contamination of ground water and a TSCA Ground-Mater Strategy was deve-
loped with the Toxics program to incorporate ground-water criteria into risk assess-
ments of new and existing chemicals to determine if actions are needed to prevent
or reduce ground-water contamination from these substances. EPA started development
of the ground-water classification guidelines that define ground water according
to use and vulnerability. Memoranda of Understanding were developed with US6S to
clarify the roles of EPA and US6S for ground-water protection, and with the Bureau
of Reclamation for coordination of the High Plains Aquifer Demonstration Program.
DW-40
-------
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Enforcement
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
DRINKING WATER
ENFORCEMENT
Drinking Mater Enforcement..... DW-42
DW-41
-------
to
mINKING HATER
Drinking Uater Enforcement
ACTUAL
1985
PROGRAM
Drinking Uater
Enforcement
Salaries * Expenses $1,120.7
TOTAL $1,120.7
TOTAL:
Salaries H Expenses $1,120.7
Drinking Hater TOTAL $1,120.7
Enforcement
PERMANENT MORKYEARS
Drinking I'ater 29.4
Enforcenent
TOTAL PERMANENT MORKYEARS 29.4
TOTAL WORKYEARS
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
19B6
{DOLLARS
$1,388.15
$1,388.5
$1,388.5
$1,388.5
30.3
30.3
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
$1,251.9 -$53.8
$1,251.9 -$53.8
$1,251.9 -$53.8
$1,251.9 -$53. R
32.0
32.0
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 19R7 VS 1986
i
$1,198.1 $1,248.3 $50.2
$1,198.1 $1,248.3 $50.2
$1,198.1 $1, 248.3 $50.2
$1,198.1 $1,248.3 $50.2
32.0 32.0
32.0 32.0
Drinking Water
Enforcenent
TOTAL WORKYEARS
32.5 33.7 33.7
32.5 33.7 33.7
33.7 33.7
33.7 33.7
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,248,300 supported by 33.7 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $50,200 and no change in total workyears from 1986. All
of the request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. -
P rog ram Descript ion
Drinking Water Enforcement The program serves to ensure national compliance
by pub1ic water "systems (PMs) and underground injection control (DIG) operators
with the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) in both primacy and
non<-primacy States as well as Indian lands. The program covers compliance strategy
development, national policy and guidance development, technical support for judi-
cial enforcement actions, and administrative aspects of the UIC permit determination
process. In the PWS Regional enforcement program, technical support is provided in
legal actions against violators of the Primary Drinking Water Regulations in non-
primacy State jurisdictions. In addition, the Regions, with State involvement,
prepare documentation for enforcement actions relating to recalcitrant violators in
primacy States. The PWS enforcement activity also encompasses review of State
primacy programs for compliance with newly promulgated regulations.
The Regional UIC enforcement program ensures compliance with the underground
injection control regulations primarily in non-primacy States and on Indian lands.
Enforcement actions are initiated against recalcitrant violators in primacy States
when appropriate. The UIC enforcement program is also responsible for the admin-
istrative aspects of the UIC permit issuance as well as the review of primacy
applications.
PRINKING WATER E NFORCEMENT
1987 Prpgram Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,248,300 supported by 33.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $50,200 and no change in total workyears. The in-
crease reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of the government-wide deficit
reductions.
Regional PWS enforcement activities involve enforcing the drinking water
standards in non-primacy States and on Indian lands for which EPA has direct imple-
mentation responsibilities. Regions will also pursue selective enforcement actions
in primacy States which are unwilling or unable to take direct action against
violators. In the past, for a variety of reasons, many States have not actively
pursued enforcement against violators of the SDWA. Selected EPA enforcement actions
will reinforce EPA's intention to enforce the SDWA, Notices of violation and formal
enforcement actions will be developed for Department of Justice (DOJ) referral
against violators of the microbiological and chemical maximum contaminant levels.
Case documentation will be prepared in coordination with the Regional Counsels'
offices to assure appropriate and accurate documentation. Continued support will
be provided to address the prior year civil referrals already at DOO,
Permitting is the cornerstone of the UIC regulatory program: it provides the
means to protect underground sources of drinking water most efficiently by taking
into account site specific circumstances while managing the controlled disposal of
hazardous wastes and other substances. Consulting UIC technical personnel, the
Regional enforcement staff will process the permit applications and perform the
administrative activities such as setting up pre-application conferences, public
DW-43
-------
hearings and review of public comments associated with permit issuance. The techni-
cal review of permit applications is provided under the Regional UIC program.
Priorities for issuing UIC permits are consistent with those identified for the
technical program. The Regional enforcement staff will issue permit determinations
on 624 applications.
Monitoring of compliance with UIC permit conditions will gradually increase.
The phase-in of permitting and other program responsibilities, coupled with the
expanded field presence in the EPA administered UIC program, will generate a growing
enforcement workload. There will be a certain number of permit denials, eliciting
appeals and closures of on-going operations where necessary. Failures by operators
to apply, test, or report will all require action to obtain compliance, the Regions
will selectively prepare litigation reports and affidavits, conduct on-site investi-
gations, and review files and records in preparation for court referrals, provide
court testimony, follow-up on court orders, assist courts in penalty determinations,
and track consent decrees.
At the national level, continued oversight and monitoring of enforcement action
in both the PWS and UIC programs will be coordinated with the Office of Enforcement
and Compliance Monitoring (OECM). The PWS Compliance Strategy will undergo substan-
tial revision to reflect the added responsibilities for compliance with new contami-
nant standards and treatment technology requirements. Focus on compliance with
chemical and radiation standards will require reassessment of enforcement priorities
which currently emphasize microbiological compliance. Emerging UIC enforcement
cases will be reviewed to ensure national consistency on interpreting regulatory
requirements and to determine areas where additional guidance is necessary.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,198,100 supported by 33.7
total workyears for the program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
At the Headquarters level, procedures for processing UIC permit appeals will
be developed as well as guidance on loss of authorization and other issues identified
as implementation of the UIC regulatory programs proceed.
Regional PWS enforcement activities continue to focus on compliance and
enforcement against persistent and recalcitrant violators in non-primacy States and
Indian lands while continuing to support referrals at DOJ from prior years. As
part of this effort compliance targets and schedules are being negotiated with
systems in violation of MCLs and technical support in preparing case documentation
and testimony is being provided. Enforcement actions against recalcitrant violators
in primacy States are being Initiated with State input, as part of the Agency's
compliance and enforcement policies.
While UIC permit issuance continues to be a high priority, the Regions are
beginning to act against owners/operators in violation of the UIC regulations.
Currently, this activity concentrates on violations in non-primacy States and
Indian lands. The Regions are reviewing compliance reports, inspection data, and
mechanical integrity test (MIT) information to determine when enforcement actions
should be initiated. They are issuing letters of violation to any Class II or V
injection well for failure to submit inventory information and a timely permit
application and for failure to comply with a request for Information.
1985Acconglishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,120,700 supported by 32.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
DW-44
-------
To improve compliance among small systems with the microbiological and turbi-
dity MCLs, the enforcement and technical staffs worked together in negotiating
compliance targets and schedules with systems in violation of MCLs. They provided
support for the 21 civil actions referred to the Office of Enforcement and Compliance
Monitoring by developing supporting documentation and providing expert testimony.
Regional UIC enforcement activities continued to focus on the administrative
aspects of permit issuance in non-primacy jurisdictions, including Indian lands,
They conducted administrative reviews of permit applications* worked with the
program staff in the review of the technical aspects of the permit, conducted public
hearings as necessary, issued the final permit, and in a few instances processed
permit appeals.
DW-45
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-------
Hazardous Waste
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
HAZARDOUS WASTE HW-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Waste Research HW-8
Scientific Assessment. ...... HW-16
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance HW-17
Health Effects. , HW-1 8
Environmental Engineering and Technology. HW-18
Environmental Processes and Effects.. , HW-19
Integrated Hazardous Waste Research..... HW-20
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies.. HW-23
Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste HW-25
RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Air & Radiation HW-28
RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Water HW-29
Fi nanci al Assi stance.« HW-31
Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States HW-32
Hazardous Waste Management Compliance Grants..................... HW-34
Hazardous Waste Management Initiative Grants . HW-35
Underground Storage Tanks State Grants HW-35
Waste Management Strategies Implementation............. HW-36
Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation.. HW-38
; ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Waste Enforcement HW-42
HW-1
-------
APPROPRIATION
HAZARDOUS WASTE
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986'
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987 .
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
198? VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Hazardous Waste
$52,544.7 $61.435.7 $63,315.7
$109,860.5 $140,292.0 $145,342.0
$31,670.4 $35,626.1 $39,886.7
$194,075.6 $237,353.8 $248,544.4
-$2,722.3 $60,593.4 $66,175.2 $5,581.8
-$6,249.5 $139,092.5 $153,692.0 $14,599.5
-$1,715.0 $38,171.7 $36,369.0 -$1,802.7
-$10,686.8 $237,857,6 $256,236.2 $18,378.6
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
1,045.2 1,217.9 1,284.5 1,284.5 1,301,3 16.8
1,176.2 1,367.9 1,442.5 1,442.5 1,462.3 19.8
$150,793.3 $197,408.7 $214,677.5 -$5,595.5 $209,082.0 $239,991.5 $30,909.5
The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 reauthorized this program at a level
of $232,246.0 for 1985S $252,408.3 for 1986 and $248,529.0 for 1987.
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), as revised by the Hazardous
and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984, provides the legislative mandate for
a nationwide program to manage hazardous wastes from generation through disposal.
Much remains to he accomplished in protecting human health and the environment
from current hazardous waste management practices. Numerous wastes are not ade-
quately regulated, and many facilities are not in compliance with regulatory
standards. In addition, many facilities have solid waste management units that
were previously unregulated but which now must be addressed to protect the human
health and the environment. Some States lack the legal authority, technical
skills, or resources to take timely and appropriate enforcement action. To address
these problems, the Agency has developed a strategy which encompasses five major
objectives. These are to (1) implement strong State programs; (2) improve permit-
ting performance; (3) strengthen compliance monitoring and enforcement; (4) develop
new and review existing regulations; and (5) conduct research and development to
support regulatory programs. The 1987 request for hazardous waste includes
sufficient resources to carry out these objectives.
Imp! ement Strong State Programs
The effective management of hazardous wastes is dependent on a strong Federal/
State partnership. The Agency will continue to help States assume full authori-
zation by providing direct program assistance, training, guidance, and financial
support. In addition, the Agency will assist the States in upgrading their
program capabilities to meet new and modified Federal standards. The Agency
and the States will continue to operate within the Interim National Criteria.
These criteria define the key factors and performance expectations formanaging
and evaluating the RCRA program.
States will continue to develop schedules for revisions which incorporate the
1984 Amendments. The Agency and the States will jointly examine existing State
statutory and regulatory authorities to determine what amendments are needed.
The schedule for incorporating the 1984 Amendments and for achieving the subsequent
authorization will be developed. The Agency will provide grant bonuses as incen-
tives to States that more rapidly become authorized for HSWA provisions.
Improve Permitting Performance
A major objective of the permit program is to permit all operating land
disposal facilities by 1988 and all incineration facilities by the end of 1989,
both of which are statutory deadlines.
Permitting activities are significantly affected by the 1984 Amendments,
resulting in a more extensive permit processing program. Permits issued after
November 8, 1984 must incorporate ;1984 Amendment provisions (e.g., double liners,
corrective action for prior releases, and exposure assessments) when applicable.
Submission and review of information related to the 1984 Amendments will -add time
to the permitting process. Not only will the length of the permit process be
extended, but the additional requirements also entail more extensive effort on
each permit, particularly regarding corrective action of releases from solid waste
management units. HSWA has also caused a significant number of land disposal
facilities to close, generating an increasing closure plan review workload in the
Regions and States.
The Agency and the States will jointly process and issue permits. Authorized
States will Issue the portions of a RCRA permit that -include pre-HSWA program
requirements and any HSWA provisions for which they are authorized. The Agency
will be responsible for preparing those portions of the permit that include HSWA
provisions for which a State is not authorized. Implementation of facility
management planning will be a priority in 1987. A strategy to bring each major
facility into compliance with all applicable requirements will be developed through
planning and coordination between Regions and States.
HW-3
-------
Strengthen Cpmpl1ariice Monitoring And Enforcement
The program will continue to emphasize compliance at land disposal facilities.
The 1984 Amendments required interim status land disposal facilities to certify
the compliance of their units with ground water monitoring and financial responsi-
bility requirements and submit a permit application by November 1985. Facilities
which did not meet these requirements lost interim status for those units and are
required to close them. Many facilities did not retain interim status. Inspec-
tions and appropriate enforcement actions will be made at these facilities as well
as at facilities that continue to operate.
Corrective action measures are another major component of the program.
Corrective action authorities provided under HSWA will be employed at facilities
to investigate and remediate releases and off boundary contamination that may
threaten human health and the environment. Extensive use of these authorities
will be used at facilities where releases have been identified or are suspected.
The 1984 Amendments mandate the annual inspection of Federal, State, and
local government owned or operated facilities. Annual inspections at all land
disposal facilities will also be made. Incineration and storage/treatment
facilities will be inspected at least once every two years.
The RCRA enforcement program will initiate appropriate administrative,
civil, and criminal enforcement actions when violations of hazardous waste
management requirements are discovered. The program will continue to emphasize
timely and appropriate enforcement action for non-compliance, especially those
that pertain to ground water and inadequate permit applications. The implementa-
tion of the RCRA Ground Water Monitoring Technical Enforcement Guidance and the
Enforcement Response and Civil Penalty Policies will ultimately lead to significant
improvements in the rate of compliance with the RCRA program.
Under the 1984 Amendments, the number of handlers subject to the RCRA
regulations has greatly expanded, due to the regulation of small quantity
generators and underground storage tanks. Outreach and compliance activities
especially designed for these handlers, many of whom are small businesses, will
be undertaken.
Develop New and Revise Existing Regulations
The most challenging provisions of the 1984 Amendments are those that ban
or restrict the disposal of hazardous waste on land. The 1984 Amendments promote
a shift toward recycling, reducing wastes generated, and using more sophisticated
treatment and destruction techniques. The Agency will restrict the land disposal
of certain hazardous wastes to protect ground water and air.
The major issues facing the hazardous waste management program will he
addressed by a coordinated Agency effort to move towards greater reliance upon
risk-based decisions. These issues include corrective action policies, a compre-
hensive listing and delisting strategy, and the development of risk-based site
specific decisions regarding petitions to land disposal restrictions.
The 1984 Amendments greatly increase the scope of activities to be regulated
under the hazardous waste management program. The Agency will continue to close
gaps in the regulatory framework by conducting public education programs for the
expanded regulated community of over 100,000 small quantity generators, continue
to bring additional wastes under regulation, and provide expanded closure and post
closure regulations as well as regulations for corrective action where needed.
In support of efforts to protect ground water, the Agency will revise Appendix
VIII ground water monitoring provisions and alternate concentration levels.
Of great significance is the fact that the 1984 Amendments apply to the
underground storage of products as well as wastes. A regulatory strategy will be
developed for over a million underground storage tanks which contain petroleum pro-
ducts and hazardous substances. Over the short term, the Agency will develop
HW-4
-------
guidance, conduct economic analyses, and establish a notification and compliance
program. Over the longer term, the Agency will issue regulations providing stand-
ards for new tanks, develop methods for leak detection and corrective actions for
releases, and design effective enforcement strategies.
Other major activities include developing regulations for controlling toxic
air emissions at hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities;
determining whether deep well injection of hazardous wastes is sufficiently
protective of human health and the environment; developing criteria for reviewing
-requests for exemption from requirements to retrofit surface impoundments; develop-
ing regulations for hazardous waste burned as fuel and for managing used oil; and
studying Section 8002 large volume wastes.
The 1984 Amendments include minimum technology -requirements which establish
major changes in the way hazardous waste is disposed. Land disposal regulations
will reflect requirements to install double liner and leachate collection and re-
moval systems as well as to ban the placement of bulk liquid hazardous waste into
landfill facilities. Similarly, the Agency will examine the nature and extent
of the hazardous waste problem at Subtitle D facilities and revise existing
criteria, if appropriate.
r.onduct Research And Development To Support Regulatory program
The 1987 research and development program will develop scientific and
technical information to support regulatory initiatives. Major thrusts include
development of generic analytical methods to identify hazardous wastes and stand-
ardization of subsurface monitoring methods for more reliable groundwater monitor-
ing. Alternatives to conventional means of disposing and destroying wastes will
continue to he evaluated and additional risk assessments will be performed to
support listing and waste banning decisions. Engineering and monitoring studies
will support development of methods to improve the installation, design, and
monitoring of underground storage tanks,
Outputs Ref1ect Shifting Workload
The estimated outputs for the hazardous waste program in 1986 and 1987 reflect
increases in enforcement activities, with much of this due to the emphasis on com-
pliance and corrective action at land disposal facilities. The decreases for reg-
ulatory activities reflect completion of some efforts and a shift toward implemen-
tation guidance work. Also, several of the remaining regulatory efforts in 1987
are the most complex and resource intensive, such as land banning and underground
storage tanks. The implementation outputs show a decrease in the number of states
receiving full authorization for pre-HSWA due to all participating States being
authorized in 1986. Additionally, the permitting final determinations are de-
creasing to reflect the large number of facilities that are no longer seeking
operating permits and had closure plans approved in 1986.
HW-5
-------
* Includes both EPA and States.
NOTE: All outputs are incremental except as indicated.
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Budget Current Increase (+)
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease (-)
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs. 1986
Regulations and Guidance
RCRA Standards: 11 20 38 28 -10
Proposals............. 9" "T7 ~2T ~~TT "-Iff
Promulgations......... V 8 17 17
Section 3001 Listings: 11 17 23 18 -5
Proposals T £ ~T2~ S" ~3j
Promulgations 2 9 11 12 +1
Implementation
Guidances, 20 31 29 38 +9
Reports to Congress.... 22 6 4 -2
Imp] mentation
State Authorization:
Full 22 17 25 0 -25
Full (Cumulative).... 26 52 51 51 0
Permit Call-ins*.....,. 679 150 800 +650
(Cumulative)*... 4,067 3,942 4,349 5,149 +800
Final Determinations*.. 298 502 922 830 -92
(Cumulative)*... 1,585 1,438 2,507 3,337 +830
Enforcement Actions*
Inspections. 16,098 11,834 10,125 10,480 +355
Administrative Orders.. 1,624 3,022 2,690 2,7*2 +52
Civil Litigation. 149 215 257 286 +29
Criminal Litigation.... 82 35 83 83 0
Corrective Action
Preliminary
Investigations 683 886 +203
HW-6
-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
HAZARDOUS WASTE
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Waste Research HW-8
Scientific Assessment... HW-16
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance. HW-1 7
Health Effects ... ,....., HW-18
Environmental Engineering and Technology................... HW-18
Environmental Processes and Effects HW-1 9
Integrated Hazardous Waste Research... HW-20
HW-7
-------
PROGRAM
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
ACTUAL
19R5
BIH1GET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIF1ATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Hazardous Waste
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems R
Quality Assurance -
Hazardous Haste
Salaries £ Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects -
Hazardous Haste
Salaries * Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental
Engineering ^
Technology - Hazardous
Waste
, Salaries 4 Expenses
Research ft Development
TOTAL
$1,107.8
$2,189.2
$3,297.0
$4,127.6
$6,706.0
$10,833.6
$781.3
$995.6
$1,776.9
$5,353.0
$16,100.9
$21,453.9
$1,199.9 $1,199.9
$1,633.8 $2,731.8
$2,833.7 $3,931.7
$3,826.0 $3,825.6
$11,917.8 $11,705.3
$15,743.8 $15,530.9
$849.4 $889.2
$937.3 $1,132.0
$1,786.7 $2,021,2
$5,227.5 $5,102.1
$15,597.9 $15,622.2
$20,825.4 $20,724.3
-$51.5 $1,148.4 $1,331,5
-$117.5 $2,614.3 $3,062.0
-$169.0 $3,762.7 $4,393.5
-$164.5 $3,661.1 $3,635.8
-$503.3 $11,202.0 $11,203.0
-$667.8 $14,863.1 $14,838.8
-$38.2 $851.0 $652.1
-148.6 $1,083.4 $1,756.0
-$86.8 $1,934.4 $2,408.1
-$219.4 $4,882.7
-$671.7 $14,950.5
-$891.1 $19,833.2
$5,429.1
$13,808.0
$19,237.1
$183.1
$447.7
$630.8
-$25.3
$1.0
-$24.3
-$198.9
$672.6
$473.7
$546.4
-$1,142,5
$596.1
-------
HAZARDOUS HASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
ACTUAL
1985
Environmental Processes
X Effects - Hazardous
Waste
Salaries ft Expenses
Research A Development
TOTAL
Integrated Hazardous
Waste Research
Research S Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries A Expenses
Research ^ Development
$3
*4
$8
$1
$1
$14
$31
,513.2
,572.9
,086.1
,105.3
,105.8
,882.9
,670.4
BUDfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
^DOLLARS
$3,209.9
$5,539.3
$8,749.2
$14,312.7
$35,626.1
ENACTED
1986
IN THOU-SANRS)
$3,258.6
$6,195.4
$9,454.0
$2,500.0
$2,500.0
$14,275.4
$39,886.7
BALANCED
BUDfiET
REDUCTION
-$140.0
-$266.4
-$406.4
-$107.5
-$107.5
-$613.6
-$1,715.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$3,118.6
$5,929.0
$9,047.6
$2,392.5
$2,392,5
$13,661.8
$38,171.7
ESTIMATE
1987
$3
$6
$9
$14
$36
,157
,540
,697
,206
,369
.5
.0
.5
.0
.0
INCREASE
DECREASE
1987 VS
$38,9
$611.0
$649.9
-$2,392.5
-$2,392.5
$544.2
-$1,802.7
f
1986
Hazardous Haste
Research
TOTAL $46,553.3 $49,938.8 $54,162.1 -$2,328.6 $51,833.5 $50,575.0 -$1,258.5
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Hazardous Waste
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance -
Hazardous Waste
Health Effects -
Hazardous Haste
18.6
35.9
6.0
17.5
40.5
12.0
18.0
40.5
12.0
18.0
40.5
12.0
22.0
41.5
11.0
4.0
i.n
-1.0
-------
HA2ARFIOUS WASTE
Hazardous Haste Research
ACTUAL RUOfiET ENACTED BALANCED
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET
19B6 REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
Environmental
Engineering $
Technology - Hazardous
Waste
Environnental Processes
& Effects - Hazardous
Waste
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
>.7 83.4 87.9
50.9
44,4
45.7
197.1 197.8 204.1
87.9
45.7
204.1
87,9
46.7
209.1
1.0
5.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Hazardous Waste
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance -
Hazardous Waste
Health Effects -
Hazardous Waste
Environmental
Engineering *
Technolocy - Hazardous
Waste
23.6 22.5
40.2
6.9
47,5
12.0
101.4 101.2
22.5
47.5
12.0
99.9
22.5
47.5
12.0
99.9
24.5
48.5
12.0
99.9
2.0
1.0
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Haste Research
ACTUAL BUDGET F.NACTF.O BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Hazardous
Waste
57.4
58.1
58.1
58.1
51R.1
TOTAL WORI'.YEARS
229.5
241.3
240,0
240.0
243.0
3.0
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
Principal Outputs by Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SS3SRSS3SS38»KXS3:S3SSSK
Objective 1: Develop Data tp_. Support.. th.ftJJse.gf. Alternatjve L
o Manual on Field Applications of Alternative Methods Applicable to High Hazard
Wastes (Env. Technology)
Objective 2: Develop and Evaluate Tests and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assess-
ments
o Screening methods for detecting mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in RCRA wastes
(Health)
Objective 3: Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address
PI 0X1 n ' ! . '' ''
o Report on bioac cumulation of TCDD in large animals from contaminated soils
(Env. Processes)
Objective 4- Develop Procedures to Identify arid Measure Chemicals in Wastes
o Report on the quality of Subtitle D monitoring data (Monitoring)
o Report on the use of generic GC/MS analytical methods (Monitoring)
Objective 5: PeysJ^ogJPata^tp^ jujBf>oj$lJtn!p^|^g|i^^On_ °fjtne Land Disposal Regulations
o Expert system for permitting of land disposal facilities (Env. Technology)
Objecti ye 6 ; Devel op Data to Support Imp! ementati on of the Inci nerat 1 on Regul at 1 ons
o Report on the thermal destruction requirements of dioxin-contaminated wastes
(Env. Technology)
Objective 7: Provide Quality Assurance Support to the Hazardous Waste Program
o Assessment of Q/A guidance for measuring pollution in ground water (Monitoring)
Objective 8; Develop Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Releases
o Report on geophysical and geochemical techniques for UST monitoring (Monitoring)
o Report on non-destructive techniques for locating subsurface residuals and
chemical containers (Env. Technology)
1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
ss3js»5saa:)saxssas3»3ssaasa»
Objective 1: Develop Data to Support the Use of Alternatiye Technologies
o Reports on effectiveness of alternative treatments for banned wastes (Env,
Technology)
HW-12
-------
pbjective 2: Developand Evaluate Tests and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assess--
mentis
o Report on in-vivo/ln-vitro multidisciplinary screen for evaluating wastes (Health)
Objective 3; Conduct theAssessment and Control ResearchNecessary to Address
tiioxin
o Interim report on field evaluations of the ability of APEG to destroy dioxins in
soils (Env. Technology)
Objective 4: Develop Procedures to Identify and Measure Chemicals In Hastes
o Report on the use of borehole geophysics for ground water monitoring (Monitoring)
Objective 5: Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Land Disposal Regulations
o Report on updated design information on clay landfill liners (Env. Technology)
Obj.e.ctiye 6: Devel op Data to Support Imp! ementati on of the Inci aeration Regulati ons
o Reports on incinerator and industrial boiler operating parameters to ensure
waste destruction (Env. Technology)
Objective7: Provide Quality Assurance Support to the Hazardous Haste Program
o Report on externalization of the Repository Program (Monitoring)
Objective8; Develop ProcedurestoPreventandContainHazardous Wastes
o Report on physical principles and basic monitoring methods for UST (Monitoring)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
tt«:»SEaaK=t*3»3sa3*tt«ss5
Objective 1; Develop Data to Support the Use of Alternative Technologies
o Report on innovative removal methods for heavy metals (Env. Technology)
Objective 2; Develop and Evaluate Tests and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assess-
ments
o Preparation of 94 Health and Environmental Effects Profiles (Sci. Assessment)
o Standardized system to evaluate ground water pollution potential (Env. Processes)
Objective 3; Conduct theAssessmentandControl Research Necessary to Address
DTgxffi
o Interim Report on Dioxin Emissions from Industrial Boilers (Env. Technology)
o Report on the mobility of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in soils (Env. Processes)
Objective 4: Develop Procedures to Identify and Measure Chemicalsin Hastes
o Report on ground water monitoring using optical fibers and optrodes (Monitoring)
Objective 5;. Develop Data to Support^^mpjementation of the Land Disposal^Regulations
o Report on the status of underground storage of wastes (Env. Technology)
HW-13
-------
Objective 6; Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Incineration Regu^atjonis
o Report on the performance of eight full scale incinerators (Env. Technology)
Objective 7: Provide Quality AssuranceSupport totheHazardous Uaste Program
o Report on the hazardous waste bank materials (Monitoring)
o Report on development of standard reference materials (Monitoring)
Objective 8: Develop Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Wastes
o Summary report on remote sensing for hazardous spills (Monitoring)
o Report on the design of hazardous leakage controls (Env. Technology)
HW-14
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $50,575,000 supported by 243.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,258,500 and an increase of 3.0 total workyears from
1986. Of the request, $14,206,000 will.be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $36,369,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation, an
increase of $544,200 and a decrease of $1,802,700, respectively.
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) authorizes a regulatory
program to identify those wastes which pose a substantial hazard to human health
or the environment, and management standards sufficient to prevent such harm.
Research in this program provides the scientific and engineering basis for char-
acterizing and determining the extent of the problems and for formulating controls.
Objective 1; Develop Data to Support the Use of Alternative Technologies.
Re se arch supporting this objective fs being used Tn implementing the portions
of RCRA that require the banning of high hazard wastes from land disposal. The
effectiveness of treatment alternatives and waste altering processes is being
evaluated and performance parameters established.
Objective 2; Develop and Evaluate Tests an
-------
Objective 8: Develop Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Releases.
Research supporting this object1ve addresses requireraents established by the Clean
Water Act (CWA) and RCRA's Underground Storage Tank (UST) program. Research sup-
porting these programs assesses the most cost-effective technology and scientific
techniques available to prevent and control releases of hazardous substances.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,393,500 supported by 24.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,331,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,062,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $183,100 and $447,700, respectively, and an increase
of 2.0 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects enhanced
support to the in-house research program. The increase in Research and Development
and workyears reflects the need for additional support to OSW in making permitting
and land banning decisions.
Develop^andEvaluate Tests and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assessments.
AdditTohaT resources wi 11 support preparation of additional Health and Environ-
mental Effects Profiles (HEEPs) and Alternate Concentration Levels (ACLs) needed
for listing decisions. In addition, many HEEPs need to be updated to reflect new
health data developed since the original HEEPs were prepared. Increased resources
will also provide additional support for banning and permitting decisions and for
responding to public comments on proposed decisions.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin. Expo-
sure and risk assessment methods for dioxin and similar compounds wil1 be advanced
through use of new scientific information. Specific efforts will include refining
exposure methods to account for atmospheric photolysis rates and their effects on
soil concentrations and determining soil accumulation on skin and subsequent dermal
absorption.
Develop procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Releases. Chemical-
speci?1Ic risk ^issessments wi 11 continue being developed to support the Underground
Storage Tank (UST) program.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,762,700 supported by 22.5
total workyears for this program, of which $1,148,400 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,614,300 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. In 1986, the program emphasizes risk assessment studies to support
permitting and land banning decisions by OSW.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,297,000 supported by 23.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,107,800 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,189,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985, HEEPs were initiated for approximately 94 chemicals, Acceptable
Daily Intake (ADI) verification and development were initiated for approximately
400 chemicals, and the risk analysis for dioxin-contaminated soil was completed and
a final report sent to OSW.
HW-16
-------
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,838,800 supported by 48.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,635,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $11,203,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $25,300 and an increase of $1,000, respectively, and
an increase of 1,0 total workyear. The overall decrease is the result of new
emphasis being placed on generic approaches to validating analytical methods,
rather than the method-by-method approach emphasized formerly.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Pi oxin.
Quid elihes for trace analysis of additional non-2,3,7,8-TCDD dioxi ns and dibenzo-
furans will be developed. Following standardization and validation, these will be
published and incorporated into contract laboratories' protocols for analysis of
dioxin-contaminated samples,
Develop Pro^djres t^ I^ntify and Measure Chemicals in Wastes. Two new activ-
i ties'" WIT wThTiTaYecr: sWrnJardizatlon of subsurface monitoring methods for more
reliable ground water monitoring, and development of generic analytical methods
for publication by OSW. Research in previously initiated areas will continue and
include validation of existing analytical methods, development of new analytical
methods and development and validation of subsurface monitoring methods.
Provide Quality Assurance Support .to^the^ Hazardous Waste Program. Quality
assurance support to the contrVctJlabFl"pi^bgTaffi"wfTl continue to be provided, as
will referee laboratory services. Standard reference materials will be developed
for use in the materials repository, and quality control and performance evaluation
samples will be distributed to contract laboratories.
Develop Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Releases. Development of
a real-time sensor for gaseous mTssT6ns"w;rn El initiated I This will detect
potential releases such as the one that occurred in Bhopal , India. UST support
will encompass evaluation of geophysical sensors and volatile organic emission
sensors for detecting leaks of materials such as gasoline and benzene.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $14,863,100 supported by 47.5
total workyears for this program, of which $3,661,100 is from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $11,202,000 is from the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation. Resources in 1986 are supporting development of new field
monitoring methods for use at disposal sites, validation of additional analytical
methods and detection and monitoring of leaking underground storage tanks.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $10,833,600 supported by 40.2 work-
years for this program, of which $4,127,600 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,706,000 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985, four analytical methods were validated, ground water monitoring with
fiber optics was initially evaluated and extensive quality assurance support was
provided.
HW-17
-------
HEALTH EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,408,100 supported by 12.0 total work years
for this program, of which $652,100 will be f.or the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,756,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $198,900 and an increase of $672,600, respectively,
and no change in total workyears. The decrease in Salaries and Expenses and increase
in Research and Development reflect the fact that validation of the bioassay
screen will be conducted extramurally.
Deyel OP and E vaj uate Prqcedu res f o r Conduct Ing Risk Assessments . Development
of the bioassay screening protocol for determining waste toxicity will continue.
Additional resources will support accelerated validation of the screen's ability to
accurately represent human health endpoints.
Conduct thg ' Ajsgssron^ anj Control Research Necessary to Address Dipxi n . Addi-
t i on al r es o urces wYl 1 s up po rt i h i t i at i on of a program to dete rmi net he toxi ci ty of
dioxins and similar compounds.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $1,934,400 supported by 12.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $851,000 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,083,400 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1986 this activity involves accelerated efforts to validate the bioassay
screening protocol.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,776,900 supported by 6.9 workyears
for this program, of which $781,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $995,600 was from the Research and Development appropriation. Development of
individual biological health effects tests of wastes for four disease endpoints
was completed in 1985. These endpoints are general toxicity, genetic toxicity,
reproduction toxicity and nervous system toxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AMD TECHNOLOGY
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $19,237,100 supported by 99.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,429,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $13,808,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $546,400 and a decrease of $1,142,500, respectively,
and no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
enhanced support to the in-house research program. The decrease in Research and
Development reflects completion of several activities supporting OSW's dioxin,
land disposal and incineration programs.
Develop Data to Support the Use of Alternative Technologies. This program
will continue evaluating both new and exist ing alternative treatment processes for
wastes likely to be banned from land disposal. Additional resources will accelerate
the availability of case study results to support the Agency's land banning program.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin.
Research will continue evaluating the sorption/desorption character! sties of
dioxin in contaminated soils. Decreased resources are being sought as a result of
completion of initial research efforts and the fact that alternative technology
assessments will address many of the technologies initially explored in this
program.
HW-18
-------
Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Land Disposal Regulations. Re-
search in this program will continue addressing the major issues associated with
land disposal, including liners and cover performance, leachate collection, emis-
sions and the problems of small generators. Reduced resources are being Sought as
a result of completion of several research efforts addressing liners and landfill
placement.
Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Incineration Regulations. Per-
formance tests will be conducted by incinerating wastes at the Combustion Research
Facility to determine the operating conditions necessary for waste destruction.
Real-time methods of determining incinerator compliance with permits will be in-
vestigated, as will improved sampling techniques for monitoring thermal operations.
Reduced resources are being requested as a result of completion of earlier research
efforts.
Deyelpp Procedures to Preventand Contain Hazardous Releases. Additional
resources7'are being requested to support the UST program. Planned activities
include evaluations of existing leak detection methods, a guidance manual on the
use of non-destructive techniques for locating buried tanks, and a guidance manual
on tank release prevention methods. Research supporting the Clean Water Act will
produce a manual on procedures for on-site treatment of high-strength wastes, and
on evaluation of containment, removal and dispersant technologies for controlling
floating spilIs.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $19,833,200 supported by 99.9
total workyears for this program, of which $4,882,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $14,950,500 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. Activities in 1986 include several studies on landfill liners and covers
and new evaluations of leak detection equipment in support of the UST program.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $21,453,900 supported by 101.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $5,353,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $16,100,900 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985, the performance of eight full scale incinerators was evaluated and
reported on, as was the use of innovative extraction methods for removing heavy
metals from wastes. Dioxin emissions from industrial boilers were reported on, as
were various designs for controlling waste lagoon leakage. Major evaluations were
conducted regarding control technologies for dioxin-contaminated wastes and soils.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of;$9,697,500 supported by 58.1 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,157,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $6,540,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents increases of $38,900 and $611,000, respectively. The increase in
Salaries and Expenses reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-
wide deficit reductions. The increase in Research and Development reflects the
need for accelerated model validation research to support the land banning program.
Hw-19
-------
Develop and Eyaluate Procedures for Conduct1ng RiskAssessments_. Additional
resources wi 11 acceterate development of multimedia assessmehT models for predict-
ing potential migration of wastes from land disposal sites into air, soil and
ground water, and will allow additional validation of ground water models for
predicting the impacts of land disposal. Quantitative structure-activity research
will also continue developing a validated method for predicting the toxicity of
wastes and leachates.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary toAddress Dioxin. The
transport, fate and degradation of 2,3,7,8 and other isomers will continue being
assessed, as will dioxin's bioavailability to fish from contaminated sediments.
Comparative plant uptake rates will also be determined.
Develop Data^^ to mSupport Implementation of the Land Disposal Regulations. Eval-
uations of the"Tahcl" treatability of wastes and of specific soil processes wi 11
continue. A field-scale evaluation of waste treatability will be conducted to
assess the utility of land treatment as a disposal option and a users guide for
making land treatment decisions will be produced.
Deyelop Procedures to Prevent and CentalnHazardous Releases. Development of
a ground water transport and fate model for predictingconcentrations of materials,
including gasoline in ground water, will be accelerated with additional resources.
A validated bioassesstnent protocol for determining the bioavail ability and toxicity
of releases will also be developed.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,047,600 supported by 58.1
total workyears for this program, of which $3,118,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $5,929,000 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. In 1986 the program includes accelerated model validation efforts needed
to support the land banning program.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $8,086,100 supported by 57.4 work-
years for this program, of which $3,513,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,572,900 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985, a report was issued on field verification of the use of microcosms,
as was a report on the mobility of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in soils.
INTEGRATED HAZARDOUS HASTE RESEARCH
1987 Program Reguest
The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1987.
1986program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,392,500 supported by no work-
years for this program, all of which is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. The Agency is currently working with Tufts University on development of
a comprehensive research program to address a wide variety of research as well as
public policy issues. This research program is intended'to address such issues as
alternative technologies applications, land disposal practices, common public
perceptions associated with disposal facilities and development of programs for
public education.
HW-20
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1985 Accomp11shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,105,800 for this program from
the Research and Development appropriation. These resources were used to establish
and staff a Center for Environmental Management; develop a comprehensive plan
addressing research, policy and education needs in the hazardous waste area; and
initiate six health research projects, three policy projects, and two technology
projects.
HW-21
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Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
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Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
HAZARDOUS WASTE
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies.. HW-23
Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste HW-25
RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Air & Radiation HW-28
RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Water HW-29
Fi nanci al Assi stance HW-31
Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States........ HW-32
Hazardous Waste Management Compliance Grants... HW-34
Hazardous Waste Management Initiative Grants HW-35
Underground Storage Tanks State Grants HW-35
Waste Management Strategies Implementation.... HW-36
Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation.. HW-38
HW-22
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PROGRAM
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Haste Management Regulations, Guidelines X Policies
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
19«6
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
10
Regulations, Guidelines
& Policies-Hazardous
Waste
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
RCRA Pegulatory Program
- Office of Air and
Radiation
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$12,617.9 $15,954.5 $16,492.3
$45,777.1 $54,191.n $54,491.0
-$709.2 $15,783.1 $1B,791.1 $3,008.0
-$2,342.8 $52,148.2 $56,691.0 $4,542.8
TOTAL $58,395.0 $70,145.5 $7089R3.3 -$3,052.0 $67S931.3 $75,482.1 $7,550.8
RCRA Pegulatory Program
- Office of Hater
Salaries %. Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL:
Salaries \ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Waste Management
Regulation-;,
Guidelines * Policies
$245.5 $357.7 $736.7 -$31.6
$1,664.5 $2,765.0 $2,765.0 -$118.9
$705.1 $575.7
$2,646.1 $3,265.0
TOTAL .n.910.0 $3,122.7 $3,501.7 -$150.5 $3,351.2 $3,840.7
157.0 $604.4 $869.1 -$37.4 $831.7 $2,633.8
$1,000.0 $5,100.0 $5,100.0 -$219.3 $4,880.7 $6,000.0
$12,920.4 $16,916.6 $18,098.1
$48,441.fi $62,056.0 62,356.0
-$129.4
$618.9
$489.5
$1,802.1
$1,119.3
TOTAL $1,057.0 $5,704.4 $5,969.1 -$256.7 $5,712.4 $8,633.8 $2S921.4
-$778.2 $17,319.9 $22,000.6 $4,680.7
-$2,681.0 $59,675.0 $65,956.0 $6,281.0
TOTAL $61,362.0 <$78,<»72.6 $80,454.1 -$3,459.2 $76,994.9 $87,956.6 $10,961.7
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines ft Policies
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
19R5 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Regulations, Guidelines
& Policies-Hazardous
Waste
RCRA Regulatory Program
- Office of Air and
Radiation
RCRA Regulatory Program
- Office of Hater
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
(HOLLARS
234.2 270.4
5.6 8.0
1.4 11.9
241.2 290.3
IN THOUSANDS)
284.4
19.0
16.9
320.3
284.4 279,2 -5.2
19.0 13.0 -6.0
16.9 60.0 43.1
320.3 352.2 31.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Regulaliens, Guirtelines
& Policies-Hazardous
Waste
RCRA Regulatory Program
-.Office of Air and
Radiation
RCRA Regulatory Program
- Office of Water
263.3 303.5
5.6
1.4
8.0
11.9
317.5
19.0
16.9
317.5 313.5
19.0
16.9
13.0
62.9
-4.0
-6.0
46.0
TOTAL UORI'YEARS
270.3 323.4
353.4
353.4 389.4
36.0
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines, and Policies
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $87,956,600 supported by 389.4 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $10,961,700 and 36 total workyears over 1986. Of the
request, $22,000,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$65,956,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
increases nf $4,680,700 and $6,281,000 respectively,,
Program Description
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Regulations. Guidelines, and Policies -Hazardous Waste This Head-
quarters program provides national management for thehazardous waste management
program under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), including the
Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984. Activities include prom-
ulgating and refining regulations for the identification, tracking, management,
and disposal of hazardous wastes; providing national oversight and guidance for
implementing consistent State and Regional hazardous waste permitting programs;
providing guidance and technical assistance for implementing an effective
national compliance monitoring and enforcement program; promulgating technical
performance standards for underground storage tanks; conducting technical studies,
regulatory impact analyses, and economic analyses; and assessing control options
and technologies necessary for regulatory decision-making.
RCRA Regalatory Program - Office of Air and Radiation This program
provides supportfor the developmentof air emission standards required by the
1984 Amendments for area sources at hazardous waste treatment, storage, and dis-
posal facilities (TSDFsK This program assesses the nature and quantities of
emissions at TSDFs, develops emission modeling and testing methods, assesses public
health risks, and evaluates emission control techniques from which cost-effective
regulations and standards can be promulgated.
RCRARegulatory Program -Office of Water This program provides support
for implementation of the 1984 Amendment requirements which impact water quality
and drinking water programs. The Office of Water has lead responsibility for
review of disposal of hazardous waste into injection wells: a study, regulation
revisions, and corrective action requirements to address hazardous wastes In
publicly Owned treatment works: a study of the impact on groundwater from waste-
water treatment lagoons; and rules and waivers for retrofitting surface
impoundments.
REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES. AND POLICIES - HAZARDOUS WASTE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $75,482,100 supported by 313,5 total workyears
for this program, of which $18,791,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $56,691,000 will he for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation. This represents increases of $3,008,000 and $4,542,800 respectively
and a decrease of 4.0 total workyears. These levels support the Agency's efforts
to provide technical enforcement expertise; to develop regulations, standards, and
guidance in the underground storage tank program; and to resolve major issues by
a greater reliance on site-specific risk-based decision making.
Regulatory Development, Revisions, and Analyses The Agency will accelerate
its efforts to implement the activities initiated in 1985 and 1986 to manage hazar-
dous waste. The Agency will use case-specific risk-based decision making, early
public participation in rulemakings, and cross program/cross media coordination to
improve the existing regulatory framework and to develop regulations based on
requirements of the 1984 Amendments.
HW-25
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The Agency will place major emphasis on decisions to restrict the land
disposal of certain hazardous wastes to protect ground water and air. The Agency
will revise as appropriate the proposed waste banning decision framework and will
reach decisions on dioxins, solvents and the California list wastes; promulgate
alternate treatment standards for restricted wastes; and develop regulations for
the petition process for land ban variances. Data development to support extensive
waste characterization and capacity studies will be undertaken.
Another rulemaking priority will be the development of standards for new and
existing underground storage tanks which contain petroleum products and hazardous
substances. These standards will include performance standards for new tanks;
standards for leak detection; regulations for reporting releases and corrective
action requirements.
The Agency will promulgate and refine regulations to identify hazardous
wastes and to provide major changes in their management and disposal. Currently
scheduled waste listings (including PCBs) will be completed, an organic toxicity
characteristic will be promulgated, and decisions will be reached on the additional
deli sting petitions generated by the land disposal restrictions. To ensure a con-
sistent strategy for ground water protection, the Agency will promulgate standards
for liners, leachate collection systems, and leak detection systems for the storage,
treatment, or disposal of hazardous waste in landfills and surface impoundments.
The Agency will provide technical guidance for retrofitting surface impoundments
and review variance applications. The Agency will revise regulations on
ground water monitoring methods and statistics to facilitate implementation.
The Agency will continue to close gaps in the regulatory framework. The
Agency will promulgate regulations requiring that land disposal facilities pro-
vide assurance that sufficient funds are available .for corrective action. The
Agency will continue to prepare a Report to Congress on the need for Subtitle P
criteria revisions and initiate any necessary revisions; continue the mining waste,
utilities, and oil and gas studies; and provide Reports to Congress on Small
Quantity Generators (SQGs). The Agency will promulgate administrative and tech-
nical standards for waste burned as fuel and will deliver a Report to Congress
on dioxin emissions.
ProgramImplementation and Policy Guidance Most completed rulemakings
will require intensive followup activities, including technical assistance to
Regional and State personnel and the public, guidance documents, and technical
interpretations of the rulemaking record during litigation. The Agency will
prepare policy and technical guidance on corrective action, SQGs, waste ban
petitions, burning and blending, health assessment provisions, and underground
storage tanks. The Agency will continue to send Permit Assistance Teams to the
field to assist in permit processing, and will continue the SQG education/assis-
tance program. The Agency will continue to provide technical enforcement case
support and technical assistance in compliance monitoring, particularly for work
at commercial and Federal facilities.
The Agency will ensure that ; timely and appropriate enforcement actions
are taken, that adequate inspections and reviews are conducted, and that
appropriate policy, guidance, and strategies are developed to assist Regions and
States in their enforcement programs. Training and enforcement workshops for
Regions and States will be continued in areas such as ground water compliance,
corrective action, and enforcement of closure plans and permits.
The Agency will provide oversight and assistance to States in implementing
the Underground Storage Tanks program. This assistance will include review of
State regulatory development and preparation of State authorization approval
packages along with policies and guidances.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $67,931,300 supported by 317.5
total workyears for this program, of which $15,783,100 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $52,148,200 is from the Abatement* Control, and
Compliance appropriation,
HW-26
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Regulatory Development, Revision, and Analyses The Agency is continuing
to respond to the expanded and accelerated sotedul e mandated by the 1984 Amend-
ments. The Agency Is proposing the decision framework for banning wastes from
land disposal, evaluating alternative treatment capacity studies, proposing,
waste oil regulations and waste as fuel technical standards, promulgating regu-
lations for SQGs and conducting a public education program for the expanded
regulated community, and closing gaps in the regulatory structure by continuing
to propose and promulgate hazardous waste listings and delistings, proposing an
organic toxicity characteristic, promulgating final hazardous waste tank stan-
dards, and modifying financial assurance regulations. Underground storage tank
regulations will be proposed, including tank standards, standards for leak detec-
tion, regulations for reporting releases, and corrective action requirements.
The Agency is proposing regulatory revisions to Appendix VIII ground water
monitoring and alternative concentration levels and proposing regulations for
liner and leak detection and disposal of liquids in landfills. The Agency is
promulgating the codification rule and the State authorization" rule.
The Agency is producing a mining report and a utility report to Congress, a
mining waste exclusion reinterpretation, and is proposing or promulgating four
procurement guidelines.
Program Implementation and Policy Guidance The Agency is developing
implementation plans for all regulations to ensure Integrated cross media/cross
program coordination and to expedite guidance development and permit issuance.
The Agency 1s developing guidances for effective and consistent ground water
protection to Include land disposal ban petition review, location criteria,
retrofitting and liner construction, ground water monitoring parameters, managing
liquids in landfills, closure and post-closure requirements, and correction of
environmental problems from past mismanagement of waste at RCRA facilities.
To ensure a consistent national program, the Agency 1s conducting annual
program implementation reviews. The Agency will continue to provide training
and revise guidance manuals and technical resource documents to Implement the
hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facility permitting standards.
The Agency will provide guidance on facility management planning and the Federal
facilities inventory.
The Agency 1s providing technical enforcement case support and compliance
monitoring and enforcement guidance documents on ground water, corrective action,
closure, and permit enforcement. In addition, compliance monitoring inspection
support and guidance is provided.
The Agency is emphasizing the notification program in the underground storage
tank program. The States are being supported in the development and implementation
of the notification programs.
In 1985, the Agency obligated $58,395,000 supported by 2K3.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $12,617,900 was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
poriation and $45,777,100 was from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation.
Regulatory Development, Revision, and Analyses The Agency continued to
close gaps in the regulatory program. In conjunction with the proposed SQG regu-
lation, a major public outreach program was Initiated. .The Agency proposed admini-
strative fuel standards, hazardous waste tanks standards, closure and post-closure
regulations, and a storage class permit regulation.
The Agency proposed the land disposal restriction schedule and initiated
alternative treatment and capacity studies. In conjunction with land disposal
restrictions, the Agency continued to test, document, and propose the listing of
wastes from processes within various organic chemical industries and promulgated
the dioxin listing.
HW-27
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The Agency continued to review and revise existing regulations. The Agency
completed the financial assurance analyses, prepared a Report to Congress on the
Post Closure Liability Trust Fund, proposed closure/post-closure regulations, re-
vised the definition of solid waste, proposed the solvent mixture rule, continued
to study performance and operating criteria for Subtitle D facilities, and
submitted a Subtitle D Funding Report.
The Agency proposed and finalized the regulation on notification by under-
ground storage tank owners.
Program Implementation and Policy Guidance The Agency issued rules which
codified in regulation those HSWA requirements which had immediate short-term
effects on the regulated community and provided procedural and interpretive guid-
ances on those regulations. In addition, the Agency assisted the Regions and
States in understanding the effect that HSWA will have on State hazardous waste
management programs and developed program guidance in such areas as corrective
action, exposure assessment, and research and development permits. The Agency
provided support and training for Regional and State permit writers, inspectors,
and compliance staff. The Agency provided guidance in implementing a Facility
Management Strategy to integrate permit and enforcement authorities.
The Agency provided technical expertise to Regions and States for siting
assistance, case development, corrective actions, and problem solving for permit/
compliance/enforcement actions. The Enforcement Response Policy and the RCRA
Ground Water Monitoring Compliance Order Guidance were issued.
The Agency developed a common notification form, reporting and information
management formats, and a Program Handbook for States to use in implementing
their underground storage tank notification programs.
RCRA REGULATORY PROGRAM - OFFICE OF AIR AND RADIATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,840,700 supported by 13.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $575,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $3,265,000 will he for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
represents a decrease of $129,400 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and a
decrease of 6.0 total workyears. The Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropria-
tion will be increased by $618,900. This increase will support an acceleration of
TSDF regulatory development.
In 1987, the program will continue the work begun in 1985 to support the
proposal of regulations for TSPF area source types. This will include an assess-
ment of the nature and quantities of emissions for TSDFs, development of emission
modeling and testing methods, assessment of public health risks, evaluation of
emission control techniques and economic analyses. As a result of these efforts,
the Agency expects to propose regulations for seven types of area sources: land*
fills, surface impoundments, land treatment, containers, waste piles, storage
tanks, and transfer operations.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,351,200 supported by 19.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $705,100 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,646,100 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1986, efforts are continuing on the development of air emission regulations
for TSDF area sources. Work in process includes the development of the required
HW-28
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Information and data, as well as technical and economic analyses for the regulation
of these sources.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,910,000 supported by 5.6 total
wprkyears for this program. Of the amount obligated, $245,500 was from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriations and $1,664,500 was contract work from the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. The contract resources were used to continue
standards development work for TSDF sources.
In 1985, efforts continued on the development of air emission regulations
for TSOF area sources.
RCRA REGULATORY PROGRAM - OFFICE OF WATER
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,633,800 supported by 62.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,633,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $6,000,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of $1,802,100 and $1,119,300, respectively, and an
increase of 46.0 workyears.
The 1987 program includes resources for the new effort in the EPA Regions and
Headquarters to implement the corrective action requirement for publicly owned
treatment works (POTWs) that accept hazardous waste. In addition, it will provide
new resources to the Regions to review applications received from NPDES facilities
with surface impoundments for exemption from the new RCRA technology requirements
under Section"3005(j) of the 1984 amendments. Finally, the increase provides for
an acceleration of regulatory activities to issue the proposed major rule to re-
strict wastes into Class I Underground Injection Control (UIC) wells by August,
1987.
In 1987 various studies will be performed under contract to address problems
identified in the domestic sewage study concerning hazardous waste coming into
POTWs, to provide technical backup to the review of double liner exemption applica-
tions, to develop technical guidance to implement corrective action for POTWs, and
to complete the various technical studies in support of the major rule to restrict
hazardous wastes to deep injection wells (designated in Class I by the UIC program).
Section 3018(a) of the 1984 RCRA amendments requires EPA to submit a report to
Congress by February, 1986 evaluating the type and volume of hazardous wastes going
to POTWs and their fate and effects. Section 3018(b) requires EPA by August 1987
(i.e., within 1.8 months after the report to Congress) to adopt regulatory changes
to assure that hazardous substances passing through POTWs, and other problems
identified in the Congressional report, are adequately controlled to protect human
health and the environment. In support of these5requirements, EPA will strengthen
management of hazardous waste going to POTWs through revisions to requirements
and procedures under NPDES, general pretreatment, industrial categorical standards,
and sludge criteria.
Under Section 3005(j), RCRA Interim status surface impoundments must comply
with new technology requirements (e.g., double liner), unless EPA grants a waiver
for facilities subject to NPDES permit requirements for treatment impoundments
meeting certain specified criteria. In 1987, the EPA water program will review
exemption applications and, where appropriate, modify existing permits to
incorporate changes resulting from the exemption decision.
RCRA facilities receiving a permit after November 8, 1984, will require correc-
tive action for any release of hazardous constituents .from a solid waste management
unit at the facility. POTWs are RCRA facilities by rule if they receive hazardous
waste by truck or rail (under 40 CFR Section 270.60(c)), and must comply with this
HW-29
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new requirement at the time of NPDES permit issuance. It is estimated that 2,000
NPDES municipal permits will be issued before the end of 1987, of which 10-15% (or
275) will be covered by this new requirement. In 1987, EPA will complete preli-
minary assessments and site investigations and pursue remedial investigations,
where warranted.
EPA is also required to determine when injection of hazardous wastes into
Class I UIC wells is protective to human health and the environment. A determin-
ation is required for each hazardous waste listed in the RCRA regulations (Part
261). Determinations must be made for 21 specific waste streams by August, 1988.
All other determinations must be made in two steps by June, 1990. In 1987, EPA will
complete all preregulatory technical analyses and propose a decision for the 21
waste streams in August, 1987, A Regulatory Impact Statement (RIA) will also be
completed by August, 1987.
EPA is required to submit a report to Congress by November, 1987, on the
impacts of municipal wastewater treatment lagoons on groundwater quality. EPA has
funded 6,000 lagoons through the construction grants program. In 1987, EPA will
complete all technical analyses and the final "report for Agency submission,
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,712,400, supported by 16.9
total workyears for this program, of which $831,700 1s from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,880,700 is from the Abatement, Control, and Com-
pliance appropriation.
During 1<>86, the Agency is submitting to Congress the domestic sewage study
required under Section 3018(a) and beginning regulatory planning to control hazar-
dous waste problems identified in the report. EPA is also developing policy and
technical guidance to implement the double liner exemption provisions and the new
corrective action provisions for POTWs. During 1986, EPA is also completing samp-
ling and analysis and other technical data collection in support of the wastewater
lagoon study, which is to he completed during 1987.
In addition, the 1984 amendments are likely to reduce the number of land
disposal facilities available to receive hazardous waste while at the same time
increasing the amount and type of waste subject to management as a hazardous waste.
As a result, there will be increased demand for commercial incinerators, including
incinerator vessels. EPA is developing an incineration regulation in parallel
with the implementation of its ocean incineration research program.
Finally, the Agency is completing most of the preregulatory planning technical
studies in 1986 for the rule to restrict hazardous waste from Class I UIC wells.
Studies will cover both the engineering factors and waste analyses necessary to
develop a decision rule to make waste restriction determinations.
1985Accompli shments ,
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,057,000, supported by 1.4
total workyears, of which $57,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,000,000 was from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
During 1985, EPA began major new workgroup efforts to implement the RCRA
requirements related to domestic sewage, the double liner requirements, and the
restriction of hazardous waste to Class I UIC wells. EPA submitted a final report
to Congress on May 8, 1985 on Class I UIC wells, as required under Section 701 of
the 1984 RCRA amendments.
HW-30
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Financial Assistance
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Hazardous Waste *
Management Financial
Assistance To States
Abatement Control and $46,663.2 $58,000.0 $58,000.0 -$2,494.0 $55,506.0 $63,000.0 $7,494.0
Compl1 anee
TOTAL $46,663.2 $58,000.0 $58,000.0 -$2,494.0 $55,506.0 $63,000.0 $7,494.0
Hazardous Haste
Management Compliance
Grants
Abatement Control and $5,000.0
Compliance
TOTAL $5,000.0
Hazardous Haste
Managenenf. Initiative
Grants
Abatement Control and $5,048,5 $4,750.0 -$204.3 $4,545.7 -4,545.7
Compliance
TOTAL $5,048.5 $4,750.0 -$Z04.3 $4,545.7 -4,545.7
Underground Storage
Tanks State Grants
Abatement Control and $7,000.0 $7,000.0 -$301.0 $6,699.0 $10,000.0 $3,301.0
Compliance
WTAL $7,000.0 $7,000.0 -$301.0 $6,699.0 $10,000.0 $3,301.0
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $56,711.7 $65,000.0 $69,750.0 -$2,999.3 $66,750.7 «73,000.0 $6,249.3
Compliance
Financial Assistance TOTAL $56,711.7 $65,000.0 *$69,750.0 -$2,999.3 $66,750.7 $73,000.0 $6,249.3
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Financial Assistance to States
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $73,000,000 for 1987, an increase of $6,249,300
from 1986. All of the request will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation. The two programs with funding requests in 1987, Hazardous Waste
Management Financial Assistance to States and Underground Storage Tank State Grants,
will remain categorical grants through 1987. However, the Agency plans to
include them in the Pollution Control Block Grant starting in 1988.
ProgramDescription
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Hazardous WasteManagement Financial Assistance to States ~ This program
provides financialassistance to States forthe development, implementation, and
enforcement of comprehensive hazardous waste management programs that meet the
requirements of Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
States are required to provide a 25 percent match to these funds. Objectives of
the grant program are to provide incentives to the States to 1) develop and admini-
ster State hazardous waste' management programs controlling the generation, trans-
portation, storage, treatment, and disposal of hazardous wastes; 2) develop
environmentally sound permits for as many priority hazardous waste management
facilities as possible; and 3) enforce hazardous waste management program
regulations to protect human health and the environment.
The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984 have greatly expanded
the hazardous waste management programs in the States. HSWA has increased the
number and complexity of requirements that States must meet to achieve equivalence
with the Federal hazardous waste management program. The 1984 Amendments
strengthened requirements for corrective action, broadened restrictions on the
land disposal of hazardous waste, and set deadlines for the issuance of RCRA
permits.
Hazardous Waste Management Compliance Grants This program provides
financial assistance to State agencies to improve and evaluate environmental com-
pliance through increased enforcement, training, permitting, and technical
assistance.
Hazardous Waste InitiativeGrants -- This program provides financial
assistance to foster State and localHazardous waste management efforts focused
on innovative waste management activities, such as waste reduction, waste exchange,
siting, use of alternatives to land disposal, and assistance to small quantity
generators.
Undftrground Storage TankState Grants -- This program supports development
and implementation of theState Underground Storage Tank (UST) programs. States
will develop specific regulatory standards and the necessary enforcement authori-
ties to ensure compliance to those standards. State grants are to be used for the
development and Implementation of State underground storage, release, detection,
prevention, and corrective action programs.
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO STATES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $63,000,000 for this program, all of which will
be for Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. This represents an in-
crease of $7,494,000. This increase will support State implementation of the 1984
Amendment provisions, including inspections, enforcement actions, and corrective
action measures.
HW-32
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In 1987, the Agency will provide financial assistance to the States to revise
State programs to incorporate the requirements of HSWA. Thf States will develop
legislation and regulations consistent with the HSWA requirements, and will develop
and submit applications for authorization for HSWA provisions as they become effec-
tive. In implementing the joint permitting process with the Regions, the States
will issue the portions of the RCRA permit for which they are authorized. The
States will participate in implementing the requirements of HSWA for which they
are not authorized, particularly corrective action.
The States will implement the National Permits Strategy (NPS), which places
high priority on permit applications for land disposal facilities, commercial
incinerators, facilities seeking to expand treatment and incineration capacity,
and Research, Development and Demonstration (RD&D) permit applications. The States
and Regions will jointly use the facility management planning process which identi-
fies environmentally significant facilities and more effectively applies permitting
and enforcement authorities on a facility-by-facility basis. The 1984 Amendments
mandate that the States and EPA process permit applications for land disposal and
incineration facilities within four and five years, respectively. The States
will also begin to call in permit applications for burner/blender facilities.
The States, in conjunction with the Regions, will continue to focus on
improving compliance with the regulatory requirements at facilities, generators,
and transporters. States will perform an estimated 9,100 compliance monitoring
inspections. Emphasis at land disposal facilities will be on evaluating the ade-
quacy of ground water monitoring systems and identifying releases. Other storage,
treatment and disposal facilities will be inspected at least biennially as required
by statute. Inspections of generators and transporters will be conducted to ensure
that proper manifesting of hazardous waste is occurring as land disposal of hazard-
dous waste becomes more restrictive and costly. Fuel blenders will be inspected
as permit applications for these facilities are called in.
State enforcement programs will continue to take timely and appropriate
enforcement actions. States will issue, as necessary, administrative enforcement
actions, including warning letters and administrative orders, with civil penalties
as appropriate, in response to significant violations. States will pursue civil
and criminal judicial actions when appropriate. As with the Regions, significant
efforts will he made by the States to bring ground water cases successfully to
conclusion. The States will have major involvement in corrective action measures
to identify and investigate releases.
J986 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $55,506,000 for this program, all of which
is from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
The States are continuing to develop hazardous waste management programs
equivalent to the Federal program. It is anticipated that all participating
States will be authorized for the pre-HSWA program by the end of 1986. The States
are developing legislation and regulations consistent with the HSWA requirements
and submitting applications for authorization for the various provisions of HSWA
as they become effective. The States are processing permits jointly with the
Regions for those HSWA provisions for which they are not authorized.
The States are implementing the National Permits Strategy, placing a high
priority on permit applications for land disposal facilities, commercial inciner-
ators, facilities seeking to expand treatment and incineration capacity, and
RD&n permit applications. The States are developing facility management plans
jointly with the Regions for land disposal and other environmentally significant
facilities and are reviewing additional exposure assessment information for land-
fills and surface impoundments. The States are reviewing closure plaits for the
closing land disposal facilities.
The States are concentrating their compliance monitoring and enforcement
efforts on strengthening the enforcement presence in the regulated community.
State compliance monitoring and enforcement actions are concentrated on those
HW-33
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facilities which pose the greatest potential fop environmental problems, such as
land disposal facilities. All land disposal facilities, whether operating or
closed, will be inspected. Emphasis is focused on those facilities that did not
certify compliance to ground water monitoring requirements as required by the 1984
Amendments. Inspections and appropriate enforcement actions will be taken at
those facilities that falsely certified to the 1984 Amendment requirements. The
State will ensure that timely and adequate closure plans are received.
States are initiating assessments and investigations of releases at facil-
ities to require corrective action measures be taken by the owner/operator.
When violations are detected, States are issuing enforcement actions, including
warning letters and administrative orders, as well as taking civil and criminal
actions.
1985 Aceomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $46,663,200, all of which was from the
Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. These grant funds supported the
development and authorization of State hazardous waste management programs, imple-
mentation of authorized programs, and the implementation of the Federal program
in unauthorized States through Cooperative Arrangements.
The States continued to develop hazardous waste management programs
equivalent to the Federal program. By the end of 1985, 26 States had achieved
final authorization for the pre-HSWA program. In addition, the States began to
develop legislation and regulations consistent with the provisions of HSWA.
The States continued to implement the National Permits Strategy. By the
end of 1985, the States and Regions had requested 679 permit applications and had
completed 298 final determinations. In addition, the States began the process of
developing facility management plans for environmentally significant facilities.
In conjunction with the Regions, States concentrated their inspections and
enforcement efforts on strengthening the compliance monitoring presence in the
regulated community. The States conducted 14,540 compliance inspections. State
compliance monitoring activities focused on ground water monitoring, closure and
financial assurance requirements, and proper disposal, storage, labeling, and
manifesting of hazardous waste. Where violations were detected, States Initiated
enforcement actions to bring the facility or handler into compliance,
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPLIANCE GRANTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests no funds for this program. Resources to support the
permitting and enforcement activities of the National Permits Strategy are included
in the Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States program element.
1986 Program
The Agency requested no funds for this program. Resources to support the
permitting and enforcement activities of the National Permits Strategy are included
in the Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States program element.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency allocated a total of $5,000,000 for this program, all of
which was from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. Funding was
provided by a one-time Congressional Add-on. These resources were provided to
State agencies to increase permitting and enforcement activities in support of the
National Permits Strategy (NPS). States used these funds to demonstrate how to
accelerate implementation of the NPS.
HW-34
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HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE GRANTS
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests no funds for this program. Resources to support activities
under this program are provided under the Hazardous Waste Management Financial
Assistance to States program.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,545,700 for this program, all
of which is from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. These funds
are being awarded to State and local agencies for developing and implementing haz-
ardous waste management efforts focused on innovative waste management activities,
and for accelerating permit issuance to new or expanding hazardous waste management
facilities which provide alternatives to land disposal.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency allocated a total of 15,048,500 for this program, all of
which is from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation; These funds
were awarded to State and local agencies to develop or implement innovative hazar-
dous waste management efforts such as waste reduction, waste exchange, siting, use
of alternatives to land disposal, and assistance to small quantity generators.
UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK STATE GRANTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,000,000 for this program, all of which
will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriations. This repre-
sents an increase of $3,301,000. This level reflects the Increase in State work-
load neccessary to support the implementation and enforcement of Subtitle I
provisions of the 1984 RCRA Amendments.
The Agency will provide resources to the States to continue the development
and implementation of the State programs. States will develop specific regulatory
standards and will apply for Agency approval of the State program. Enforcement
efforts will focus on implementation of the interim prohibition requirements, the
notification program, and the development of comprehensive compliance and
enforcement programs.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,699,000 for this program, all
of which is from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
UST grant funds are being used to develop State UST programs. A major activity
is the development, printing, distribution, receipt, and processing of UST notifi-
cation forms. This includes the development of a data management and analysis
system for these notifications. States are developing both statutory and regula-
tory authorities for State UST programs. States are also exploring and developing
multi-year funding strategies such as fees to provide State funding mechanisms.
1985 Accompli shments
No resources were requested for this program in 1985. The regulatory basis
for the program was not in place 1n 1985. As required by the 1984 Amendments,
Governors designated State agencies to manage the UST notification program.
HW-35
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PROGRAM
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL
1985
RUDfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
19R7 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Waste
Management Regulatory
StrategIPS
Implementation
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$16,907.1 $18,490.1 $15,385.9
$3,054.9 $6,986.0 $3,986.0
-$661.6 $14,724.3 $14,757.4 $33.1
-$171.4 $3,814.6 $3,486.0 -$328.6
TOTAL $19,962.0 $25,476.1 $19,371.9 -"1833.0 $18,538.9 $18,243.4 -$295.5
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Waste Management
Strategies
Implementation
$16,907.1 $18,490.1 $15,385,9
$3,054.9 $6,986.0 $3,986.11
-$661.6 $14,724.3 $14,757.4 $33.1
-$171.4 $3,814.6 $3,486.0 -$328.6
TOTAL $19,962.0 $25,476.1 $19,371.9 -$833.0 $18,538.9 $18,243.4 -$295.5
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Hazardous if*ste
Management, Regulatory
Strategies
Implementation
408.0
449.5
365.0
365.0
348.0
-17.0
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
408.0
449.5
365.0
365.0
348.0
-17.0
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCER
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET
1986 REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Waste
Management Regulatory
Strategies
Implementation
456.7
502.7 423.9
423.9 404.7
-19.2
TOTAL WORKYEARS
456.7
502.7 423.9
42369 404.7
-19.2
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Strategies Implementation
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $18,243,400 supported! by 404.7 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $295,500 and 19.2 total workyears from 1986. Of the re-
quest, $14,757,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,486,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase
of $33,100 and a decrease of $328,600 respectively.
Program Description
Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation This
program supportsRegionalimplementation of the hazardouswaste management pro-
gram mandated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), including
the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of 1984. The Regions assist
the States in developing hazardous waste management programs equivalent to the
Federal program by providing guidance and technical assistance for developing
program capabilities and authorization applications, and by jointly processing
permit applications until the States are authorized for HSWA. In addition, the
Regions oversee State programs to ensure that implementation of RCRA is carried
out in a nationally consistent manner and *that minimum RCRA standards are followed.
This program also supports Regional activities to directly implement the hazardous
waste management program in States that are not authorized.
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT REGULATORY STRATERIES IMPLEMENTATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,243,400 supported by 404.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $14,757,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,486,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $33,100 and a decrease of $328,600
respectively and a decrease of 19.2 total workyears. The Salaries and Expenses
increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit
reductions. The reductions reflect the additional number of States expected to
receive pre-HSWA authorization in 1986 and the increased capabilities to the
States to implement the RCRA permit program. This request supports Regional
assistance to the States and development of program capabilities equivalent to
the Federal program. In addition, this amount also supports the Agency permitting
and closure plan review workload and oversight of the States activities in these
areas. The Agency will provide increased attention to those activities that
pertain to ground water releases and hydrogeological characterization.
State program development will be a priority in the Regions in 1987. State
programs must be revised to incorporate the new requirements of HSWA. The Regions
will review and provide technical assistance to the States as they develop legis-
lation and regulations consistent with the provisions of HSWA. The Regions
will review authorization applications against equivalence criteria, recommend
approval of applications, and negotiate State grants and Cooperative Arrangements.
Because States may apply for authorization for each HSWA provision as it becomes
effective, there will be an increasing number of applications which the Regions
must review and approve.
Throughout 1987, the Regions will jointly process permit applications with
the States until the States become authorized for HSWA provisions. The Regions
will continue to implement the National Permits Strategy (NPS). The NPS reflects
the impact of HSWA by placing a high priority on permit applications for land
disposal facilities, commercial incinerators, facilities seeking to expand
treatment and incineration capacity, and Research, Development and Demonstration
permit applications. The 1984 Amendments mandate that EPA and the States
HW-38
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process permit applications for land disposal and incineration facilities within
four and five years, respectively. The Agency will continue to implement a facil-
ity management planning process which will identify environmentally significant
facilities and more effectively apply permitting and enforcement authorities
on a facility-by-facility basis. Permit activity for land disposal and other
environmentally significant facilities will increase as corrective actions are
addressed and incorporated in permits. This will allow applications to move
forward to the draft permit and final determination phases. Burner/blender
permit applications will be called-in so that permit processing can begin for
these newly-regulated hazardous waste handlers.
An important activity of the Regions will be to provide adequate oversight
of State permitting activities. Regions will review State permit actions to
ensure technical adequacy, enforceabillty, and national consistency as well as to
provide State permit writers with additional technical assistance. The Agency
will provide specific guidance during the review of the more complex regulatory
requirements such as corrective action, and closure and post-closure plans. In
addition, the Regions will Implement the Agency's national oversight policy through
evaluations of State performance, including program reviews, file audits, and
analysis of routine reports.
The Regions will provide assistance to the States in the development of
underground storage tank (UST) programs. The Regions will begin to review
and approve state UST program applications and to negotiate and oversee State
UST grants.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $18,538,900 supported by 423,9
total workyears for this program, of which $14,724,300 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $3,814,600 is for Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation.
The Regions are assisting the States in the development of hazardous waste
management programs equivalent to the Federal program. HSWA established a January
1986 deadline for States to receive authorization for the pre-HSWA program. The
Agency anticipates that all 51 participating States will be fully authorized
for the pre-HSWA program by the end of 1986. As States achieve full authorization,
the Agency is performing an increasing oversight and technical support function
for the pre-HSWA program. In addition, the Regions are reviewing and providing
technical assistance to the States as they develop legislation and regulations
consistent with the provisions of HSWA.
The Agency and the States are jointly processing permit applications. The
Regions are issuing those portions of the RCRA permit that include HSWA provisions
for which the States are not authorized. The Regions are implementing the National
Permits Strategy. The Regions are developing facility management plans for land
disposal and other environmentally significant facilities, and are beginning to
review additional exposure assessment information for landfills and surface impound-
ments. The Regions are also facing a large closure plan review workload in 198fi.
In addition, the Regions are overseeing State permit actions on facilities to en-
sure national consistency, providing technical assistance to State permit writers,
and conducting State program reviews.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $19,962,000 supported by 456.7 total
workyears of which $16,907,100 was for Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,054,900 was for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
The Regions focused on assisting States to achieve authorization to implement
a hazardous waste management program equivalent to the Federal program. By the
end of 1985, twenty-six States had achieved full authorization for the pre-HSWA
HW-39
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program. In addition, the States began to develop legislation and regulations
consistent with the provisions of HSWA.
The Regions continued to implement the National Permits Strategy, The Regions
and States requested 679 permit applications and completed 298 final determinations.
In addition, "the Regions began the process of developing facility management plans
for environmentally significant facilities.
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Enforcement
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
HAZARDOUS WASTE
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Waste Enforcement.... HW-42
HW-41
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Enforcement
ACTUAL RtinGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIHATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
{DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
I
NJ
Hazardous Waste
Enforcement
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Hazardous Waste
Enforcement
$7,834.3 $11,716.3 $15,556.3
$1,652.3 $6,250.0 $9,250.0
-$668.9 $14,887,4 $15,211.2 $323.8
-$397.8 $8,852.2 $11,250.0 $2,397.8
TOTAL $9,486.6 $17,966.3 $24,806.3 -$1,066.7 $23,739.6 $26,461.2 $2,721^6
$7,834.3 $11,716.3 $15,556.3
$1,657.3 $6,250.0 $9,250.0
-$fiR8.9 $14,887.4 $15,211.2 $323.8
-$397.8 $8,852.2 $11,250.0 $2,397.8
TOTAL $9,486.6 $17,966.3 $24,806.3 -$1,066.7 $23,739.6 $26,461.2 $2,721.6
PERMANENT I'ORKYEARS
Hazardous t'aste
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
198.9
198.9
280.3
395.1
280.3 395.1
395.1 392.0 -3.1
395.1 392.0 -3.1
TOTAL MOPKYFARS
Hazardous Waste
Enforcement
219.7
300.5 425.2
425.2 425.2
TOTAL WQPKYE ARS
219.7
300.5 425.2
425.2 425.2
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $26,461,200 supported by 425.2 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $2,721,600. Of the request, $15,211,200 will be for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $11,250,000 is for the Abatement, Control,
and Compliance appropriation, increases of $323,800 and $2,397,800 respectively.
P rpjram Description
Hazardous Waste Enforcement This program serves to ensure national
compliance withthe ResourceConservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), including
the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 (HSWA). The principal objec-
tives are to inspect and evaluate hazardous waste generator, transporter, and
facility compliance with the statutory and regulatory requirements of RCRA; to
take appropriate administrative, civil, and criminal enforcement actions, in-
cluding activities for corrective action4, and to assist and evaluate program
implementation in the States. This program supports Regional activities to
operate and enforce the Federal regulatory program in States which have not
received authorization. These activities include compliance monitoring and
enforcement actions at interim status facilities, permitted facilities, hazardous
waste generators, and at underground storage tanks.
The Agency is also responsible for providing technical assistance and
evaluating programs in authorized and Cooperative Arrangement States to assess
their progress in conducting hazardous waste compliance monitoring and enforce-
ment activities. The Regional program oversees implementation of RCRA in those
States which are authorized. This oversight includes periodic review of States'
monitoring and enforcement accomplishments and taking appropriate enforcement
actions when States do not act.
HAZARDOUS WASTE ENFORCEMENT
19R7 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $26,461,200 supported by 425.2 total workyears,
of which $15,211,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and
$11,250,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
This represents increases of $323,800 and $2,397,800, respectively, with no change
in total workyears. The increases support additional workload associated with
corrective action activities.
Compliance with ground water protection requirements continues as a high
RCRA priority. The Agency will conduct compliance evaluation inspections for
ground water monitoring at facilities that are operating or are closed. Facil-
ities subject to ground water monitoring requirements will receive a detailed
technical evaluation to ensure that the facility hydrogeology is adequately
characterized, that monitoring wells have been properly located and installed,
that sampling and analysis are conducted adequately, and that expanded monitor-
ing is undertaken to assess detected leakage. The Agency will also increase
the level of sampling effort associated with compliance and investigations for
releases to ensure that adequate independent sampling is conducted.
The Agency will perform thorough inspections at all Federal, State and
local government owned or operated treatment, storage, and disposal facilities
(TSDFs). The Agency will conduct inspections at commercial facilities to ensure
that these facilities are environmentally acceptable to support off-site manage-
ment of Superfund wastes. The Regions will conduct inspections and technical
evaluations of compliance with closure and post-closure plans, and financial
HW-43
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assurance instruments for hazardous waste facilities in unauthorized States and
will provide support for those evaluations in authorized States. This will be a
substantial endeavor in view of the large number of land disposal unit closures
in 198fi.
The Agency will continue its expanded enforcement efforts tied to ground
water closures, the more stringent requirements of the 1984 Amendments, and the
implementation of the Enforcement Response Policy. Implementation of the RCRA
Ground Water Monitoring Technical Enforcement Guidance, along with the Interim
National Criteria wn^ch provides the basic goals and Region/State performance
expectatYons for the RCRA program, will ultimately lead to significant improve-
ments in the rate of compliance, with the RCRA program. To secure improved conn
pliance with RCRA standards, the Regions will take enforcement actions when and
where appropriate. Significant efforts will be made to bring existing ground
water cases successfully to a conclusion and to oversee implementation of remedies.
Enforcement resources will be provided to continue Regional support of the permit-
ting program. In addition to inspections, Regions will support enforcement
actions in response to violations occurring during the permit, closure, or post-
closure process. The Regions will also continue their support for civil referrals
and criminal investigations.
Major efforts will be made to undertake corrective action measures at
operating and closed facilities, including identifying and investigating releases
at solid waste management units. Where appropriate, the Agency will require
corrective action at these facilities through administrative orders, schedules of
compliance, or judicial actions.
The Agency will continue State program evaluations and technical support.
The Regions will conduct program reviews of the compliance monitoring and enforce-
ment programs, including corrective action, in all participating States. In
addition, the Regions will conduct oversight inspections and initiate enforcement
actions in States that fail to secure compliance in a timely fashion, or in re-
sponse to a State request for enforcement assistance* The Regions will continue
to promote timely and appropriate enforcement actions by the States and will
offer technical assistance, sampling, laboratory analysis, and other technical
expertise as needed. Regional oversight and assistance for States' underground
storage tank and small quantity generator programs will be supported.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $23,739,600 supported by 425.2
total workyears, of which $14,887,400 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $8,852,200 for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
The Agency is significantly expanding the hazardous waste enforcement program
to address ground water compliance and to support the implementation of the 1984
Amendments. These Amendments have major workload requirements in the following
areas: actions to compel corrective action at facilities where prior releases
or off-site contamination have occurred; mandatory annual inspections of Federal,
State and local government owned or operated facilities; inspections by EPA (or
authorized States) at privately operated TSDFs at least every two years; and
compliance with double liner requirements at land disposal units.
The Regions are conducting the annual compliance inspections at Federal,
State and local government owned or operated facilities. The Regions and States
are conducting inspections every six months at those off-site facilities that
receive Superfund wastes to ensure that these facilities are in compliance with
RCRA standards and do not pose a human health or environmental threat.
The Regions are Increasing their efforts in unauthorized States to focus
compliance evaluation inspections on ground water monitoring systems. The Regions
continue to assist the States in conducting technical reviews of closure and post-
closure plans, antf financial assurance instruments for all land disposal facilities.
HW-44
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Where inspections or report reviews reveal violations, the Regions or the States
are initiating enforcement actions, including corrective action orders, when
appropriate. Inspection and enforcement resources are being provided to continue
support of the permit program. The Regions are also assessing financial penalties
in conjunction with administrative orders.
As part of the Agency's effort to evaluate State programs, the Regions are
conducting oversight inspections with State personnel and are reviewing the com-
pliance monitoring and enforcement programs in all authorized and Cooperative
Arrangement States. In addition, the Agency is supporting State enforcement
actions by providing technical support, such as expert witnesses, sampling and
laboratory analysis, and other technical expertise not generally available in
State agencies.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $9,486,600 supported by 219.7 total workyears
of which $7,834,300 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $1,652,300
was for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
The Agency made progress in providing a visible and effective enforcement
presence within the regulated community. The Agency or the States conducted
compliance monitoring inspections at nearly all of the designated major handlers
which included all land disposal facilities. The Agency conducted over 1500
compliance or oversight inspections of major and non-major handlers and over 850
record reviews of closure plans or financial instruments. To return violators to
compliance, the Agency issued warning letters and administrative orders with
penalties. Civil referrals and criminal investigations were initiated where
stronger enforcement actions were appropriate.
In its State oversight role, the Agency conducted oversight inspections
to evaluate the quality of State facility inspections as well as to train State
inspectors. In addition, the Regions provided technical support and assis-
tance to States conducting compliance monitoring and enforcement activities.
HW-45
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Page Intentionally Blank
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Pesticides
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PESTICIDES P-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Pestici des Research.... . P-8
Sc1 enti f i c Assessment P-l 4
Monitoring and Quality Assurance P-l4
Health Effects .... P-l5
Environmental Engineering and Technology P-l6
Environmental Processes and Effects... P-17
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances... P-20
Regi strati on P-22
Speci al Regi strati on P-24
To! erances* P-25
Generi c Chemi cal Revi ew P-27
Generic Chemical Review. P-28
ENFORCEMENT
Pestidi ces Enforcement, P-32
Pest i ci des Enforcement P-35
Pesticides Enforcement Grants P-36
Pesticides Certification & Training P-37
p-1
-------
PESTICIDES
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Pesticides
$36,767.3
$28,929.6
$4,824.6
$70,521.5
$3«,105.7
$25,453.1
$6,948.1
$70,506.9
$37,522.5
$25,453.1
$6,860.9
$69,836.5
-$1,613.6
-$1,094.4
-$294.9
-$3,002.9
$35,908.9
$24,358.7
$6,566.0
$66,833.6
$37,766.1
$23,953.1
$7,713.9
$69,433.1
$1,857.2
-$405.6
$1,147.9
$2,599.5
ha
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEWS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
734.6 735.1 741.2 741.2 734,7 -6.5
797.5 809.1 807.6 807.6 803.8 -3.8
$61,155.0 $57,560.2 $67,142.7 -$1(947.5 $65,195.2 $68,720.5 $3,525.3
Authorization for the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodentlcide Act expires
September 30. 1986. Reauthorization 1s pending.
-------
PESTICIDES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
As a class, pesticides are among the most beneficial and the most hazardous
of substances. The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), as
amended, and Sections 402, 406, 408, and 409 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act (FFDCA) give the Environmental Protection Agency authority to regulate the
distribution and use of pesticides in the United States. The Agency is thereby
charged with a regulatory task of enormous scope and complexity. An estimated 2.7
billion pounds of pesticide active ingredients are used annually in this country,
representing over 50,000 products. These products provide benefits to society by
substantially contributing to agricultural productivity and controlling human
disease vectors such as mosquitoes, At the same time, pesticides are inherently
hazardous in that they are specifically formulated to be injurious to living target
organisms and are deliberately introduced into the environment for this purpose.
The hazards presented by pesticides are thus intrinsic to their use. While many
pesticides are available for use only by trained pest control operators and
farmers, many others are used by persons who have no special expertise in the use
of these products. Furthermore, many pesticides are used on food or animal feed
crops so that human dietary exposure cannot be avoided, although it can be con-
trolled by regulatory measures.
Under FIFRA and the FFDCA, the Agency is responsible for ensuring that pesti-
cides perform their Intended functions without unreasonable adverse effects on
public health and the environment* The 1987 pesticides program strategically
builds on accomplishments achieved by EPA in previous years and reflects a continued
commitment to fulfill the congressional mandate. Achieving the statutory goal of
balancing health and environmental protection with economic stability and growth
requires regulatory operations within EPA that are flexible, efficient, and effec-
tive. It also requires ongoing, close, and free dialogue with pesticide users,
public interest groups, and the regulated industry. In addition, the Agency intends
to encourage increased involvement by State and local governments in regulatory
matters, especially in connection with local pest control needs and emergencies,
the enforcement of regulations, and the education and training of persons such as
applicators and farmworkers who are particularly likely to be exposed to pesticides.
The Agency's 1987 pesticide regulation strategy focuses on four broad program
areas: 1) registration of new products, 2) review and reregistration of existing
products, 3) enforcement of pesticide use rules, and 4) research and development
to support and improve EPA's ability to evaluate the risks and benefits of pesti-
cides. A shift in program emphasis from the review of new pesticide products to
the reregistration of existing pesticides, begun in 1985, will continue in 1987*
Registration Activities
FIFRA and FFDCA authorize EPA to set the ternis and conditions of pesticide
registration, marketing, and use. The purpose of Federal registration of pesticides
by EPA is to protect public healthr and the environment from unreasonable risks
while allowing users the benefits of needed pesticides. The Registration program
focuses on registering new pesticide products on the basis of data reviewed by
Agency scientists and amending current registrations to add new uses and/or new
formulations. The Agency will continue to give priority to applications for New
Chemicals and New Uses.
The Special Registration program will- continue to perform an auxiliary func-
tion by permitting certain unregistered pesticide uses for experimental purposes
and emergency pest situations. It also provides oversight and guidance to State
Registration and Experimental Use Permit programs. The Tolerance program esta-
blishes safe and enforceable tolerance levels (or in some instances exemptions from
P-3
-------
tolerance requirements) for pesticide residues in or on raw agriculture commodities
and processed foods. Tolerances (maximum permissible residue levels) are set for
both active and inert pesticide ingredients.
The Agency will continue a program of field and laboratory studies on the
efficacy of current protective clothing technology as a means of reducing exposure.
This activity will build upon previous investigations of protective clothing, de-
velop options for a regulatory strategy, and propose ways to increase the use of
protective clothing. This is a critical area since requiring protective clothing
is a key strategy in reducing exposure to an acceptable level.
Generi c Chemical Reyiew and Reregistrati on
In 1987, the Agency will continue to place emphasis on evaluating the potential
hazards posed by existing pesticides. The registrations of the majority of existing
pesticide chemicals are supported by data bases which the Agency has found insuffi-
cient, by today's standards, to determine unreasonable adverse effects. The Generic
Chemical Review program is designed to remedy this problem by reviewing current
knowledge about each chemical, requiring that scientific data base supporting re-
gistrations be upgraded, and establishing scientifically based regulatory standards
for the reregistrati on of existing products and the registration of future products.
Three major activities support this program:
(1) Data Call-in requires registrants to supply data to fill gaps in the current
registration data base. It is designed to increase the likelihood that critical
data will be available in time for standards development and/or to aid the Agency
in identifying pesticides posing potentially unreasonable adverse effects.
(2) Registration Standards are established on the basis of a thorough review of
available information on existing pesticides. They explain the Agency's regulatory
position on the use of active ingredients common to large numbers of pesticide
products. Standards provide the basis for the reregistrati on of existing products
and for the registration of new products containing currently registered active
ingredients. Registration Standards will also be developed for some new active
ingredients.
(3) Special Review is a formal process by which pesticides suspected of causing
unreasonable adverse effects are subjected to intensive risk/benefit analyses and
appropriate regulatory action, such as restricting or prohibiting specific uses of a
pesticide, is taken.
Pesticides Enforcement
Pesticides enforcement and applicator certification and training activities
are undertaken primarily by the States and Territories operating under cooperative
agreement programs. Participating States and Territories conduct use observations,
inspect pesticide-producing establishments, and conduct marketplace surveillance.
The States and Territories also operate training and certification programs for
applicators of restricted-use pesticides. The Pesticides enforcement grants will
be included 1n a legislative proposal for block grants designed to give States more
flexibility and autonomy in administering environmental programs.
Research and Development
The Pesticides Research and Development budget request contains increases in
several areas. Resources in environmental processes and effects are increased to
investigate the hazards associated with genetically engineered pesticides. Research
on health effects will be augmented to develop methodologies for exposure estimation
and validation of sudpart M of the "Part 158" regulatory guidelines, which specify
procedures for registering genetically engineerec pesticides. Engineering support
will also be increased to evaluate the effectiveness of protective apparel. In the
P-4
-------
other areas, research will continue to develop health and environmental test methods
in support of FIFRA test guidelines and to examine extrapolation, dosimetry, and
biological markers. Finally, efforts will be continued in developing environmental
risk assessment methods as well as quality assurance, pesticides repository ser-
vices, and risk and exposure assessments.
P-5
-------
PESTICIDES
Program Activities
Incremental Outputs
Special Review Decisions ...
New Chemical and Biochemical/
Microbial Agent Reviews ...
Old Chemical Reviews
Amended Registration
Emergency Exemption
Revi ews ...................
Experimental Use Permit
24(c) State Registration
Temporary Tolerance
Tolerance Petition
Inert Ingredient
Producer Establishment
Use/Reentry a"nd Experimental
Marketplace ~"
State Applicator ~"
License and Record
State Dealer
Federal Laboratory
Test Study Audits
Notices of Violation &J ....
Administrative Orders""V ...
Civil Litigations a/ .......
Criminal Litigations a/ ....
Cumulative Outputs
Registration Standard
Guidance Packages
Established »
CORT Data Call-in b/
Requirements (Chemicals)...
Review of Incoming Studies
Actual
1985
11
354
4,209
9,749
349
242
480
764
147
596
159
2,140
15,020
11,083
605
12,760
9,526
86
291
5,566
571
186
117
416
439
Budget
Estimate
1986
13
330
5,200
8,000
300
500
400
775
150
475
60
2,400
21,200
8,000
700
11,100
9,000
25
65
4,656
352
175
140
940
Current
Estimate
1986
13
330
4,650
10,000
300
250
400
475
150
475
60
2,300
19,000
6,000
700
11,000
9,000
25
95
5,220
535
175
142
909
Estimate
1987
13
330
4,650
10,000
300
250
400
475
150
475
60
2,070
18,000
4,000
630
10,000
8,100
25
95
4,635
475
155
167
1,379
Increase (+)
Decrease (-)
1987 vs. 1986
...
-230
-1,000
-2,000
-70
-1,100
-900
-585
-60
-20
+25
+470
a/ Includes both Federal and State enforcement activities
b/ (Chronic feeding, oncogenicity, reproduction, and teratogenicity) Program
~~ complete in 1985
P-6
-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PESTICIDES
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Pesticides Research , P-8
Scientific Assessment P-14
Monitoring and Quality Assurance P-14
Health Effects P-15
Environmental Engineering and Technology. P-16
Environmental Processes and Effects. P-17
P-7
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
{DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Pesticides
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
quality Assurance -
Pesticides
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects -
Pesticides
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Pesticides
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Pesticides
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
$396.2
$24.0
$420.2
$318.1
$1,509.4
$1,827.5
$1,798.4
$2,309.8
$4,108.2
$31.1
$398.2
$429.3
$2,296.3
$583.2
$2,879.5
$432.7
$374.7
$807.4
$415.2
$1,223.4
$1,638.6
$1,860.2
$2,239.8
$4,100.0
$61.6
$925.0
$986.6
$2,719.1
$2,185.2
$4,904.3
$432.7
$345.3
$778.0
$415.2
$1,111.9
$1,527.1
$1,854.2
$2,093.7
$3,947.9
$55.7
$823.9
$879.6
$2,716.7
$2 ,486 .1
$5,202.8
-$18.5
-$14.8
-$33.3
-$17.9
-$47.8
-$65.7
-$79.7
-$90.0
-$169.7
-$2.3
-$35.4
-$37 .7
-$116.9
-$106.9
-$223.8
$414.2
$330.5
$744.7
$397.3
$1,064.1
$1,461.4
$1S774.5
$2 ,003 .7
$3,778.2
$53.4
$788.5
$841 ,9
$2,599.8
$2,379.2
$4 ,979.1)
$403.8
$372.0
$775.8
$415.2
$1,090.9
$1,506.1
$1,976.0
$1,998.0
$3,974.0
$55.7
$925.0
$980.7
$2,655.3
$3,328.0
$5,983.3
-$10.4
$41.5
$31 .1
$17.9
$26.8
$44.7
$201 .5
-$5.7
$195.8
$2.3
$136.5
$138.8
$55.5
$948.8
$1,004.3
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
TOTAl:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research * Development
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$4,840.1
$4,824.6
$5,488.8 $5,474.5
$6,948.1 $6,860.9
-$235.3 $5,239.2 $5,506.0 $266.8
-$294.9 $6,566.0 $7,713.9 $1,147.9
Pesticides Research TOTAL $9,664.7 $12,436.9 $12,335.4 -$530.2 $11,805.2 $13,219.9 $1,414.7
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Pesticides
Monitoring Systems *
Quality Assurance -
Pesticides
Health Effects -
Pesticides
Envi ronmental
Engineering And
Technology - Pesticides
Environmental Processes
a Effects - Pesticides
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
7.3
4.2
?7.4
.1
41.3
80.3
7.7
6.4
29.0
42.3
85.4
5.7
6.4
38.2
43.0
93.3
5.7
6.4
38.2
43.0
93.3
5.7
6.4
32.2
46.0
90.3
-6.0
3.0
-3.0
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Pesticides
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance -
Pesticides
Health Effects -
Pesticides
I
o Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Pesticides
Environmental Processes
8 Effects - Pesticides
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
7.3 7.7
4.5 7.5
33.2 38.2
.6 1.0
53,4 55.3
99.0 109J
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
7.7
7.5
38.2
1.0
55.3
109.7
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
7.7 7.7
7.5 7.5
38.2 38.2
1.0 1.0
55.3 55.3
109.7 I69S7
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
P r 1 n c i pa 1 Outputs by Ob j e ct i ye
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SSSSSSSiSSSBSSSSS&SSSS
Objective 1; Develop and Validate Test Methods for FIFRA Studies
o Final Report: Methods to Detect Adverse Effects on Sperm Production and
Function (Sci. Assessment)
o Final Report: Methods Manual for Spawning, Culturing and Testing Antherinid
Fishes (Env. Processes)
o Report describing validated test protocol to detect and characterize neuro-
toxieity (Health)
Obective 3: Perform Ecological Research Including Transport. Fate^and Field
"' ! "' * " ""
o Journal Article: Results of Field Testing of Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM)
and Pesticide Analytical Solution (PESTANS) Leaching Models for Coastal Plain
Soils (Env. Processes)
Objective 4: Perform Engineering Research in Support of FIFRA
o Interim Guidance Manual for Selecting Protective Clothing for Agricultural
Pesticide Operations Engineering)
Objective 5; Perform Exposure Monitoring Research
o Final Report on the Pesticide Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM)
Study (Monitoring)
.Objective 6: Perform... Research on Biotechnology and MTcrobial and Biochemical
Pest jControt Agents'
o Report on laboratory testing and evaluation of selected MPCAs on non-target
(terrestrial) arthropods (Env. Processes)
Objective. 8; Provide Support jervices for FIFRA Studies
o Annual Report on Data Comparison Program for Pesticides (Monitoring)
o Revised Manual for Analytical Methods for Tissue and Environmental Samples
(Monitoring)
1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SSSJ BJWl^aSBttaHIStestS SB SSSeSB »
Objective 1: Develop and Validate Test Methodji for FIFRA Studies
o Report on desirable sample sizes for use in soil contamination studies (Sci.
Assessment)
o Report on genetically altered viruses in the environment (Sci. Assessment)
o Report: Handbook of Acute Toxicity of Chemicals to Estuarine Organisms (Env.
Processes)
P-ll
-------
Objective 2; Perform Health Research on BiologicalMarkers, Doslmetry and Extrap-
blatiorr! ! ! ' '!
o Report describing how to use a newly developed technique to evaluate risk of
heritable gene mutation (Health)
Objective 3: Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate andField
Validation^ ' " '! ! "
o Dougherty Plain Annual Project Report (Env. Processes)
Objective 5: Perform ExposureMonitoring Research
o Report on data assessment of the TEAM Field Study (Monitoring)
Objective 6: Perform Research on Biotechnologyand Microbraland BiochemicalPest
ControlAgents
o Report characterizing cytolytie factors of the microbial and biochemical pest
control agents (Health)
Objective 8; ProvideSupport Services for FIFRA Studjes
o Risk assessments on aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane and heptachlor (Sci. Assessment)
o Reproductive and developmental toxicity assessment of cadmium (Sci. Assessment)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
* as seat m assesses» a sacs ssse a
Objective 1; Developand Validate Test Methods forFIFRAStudies
o Report on the effects of endrin on water fowl and upland game birds in grain
fields (Env. Processes)
o Report on biotechnology risk assessment (Sci. Assessment)
Objective 2; PerformHealth Research on BiologicalMarkers, Doslmetry andExtrapo-
lation' ' ' !
o Report on the neurotoxic potential of pesticides: age related effects, of pesti-
cides relevant to youth in agriculture (Health)
Objective 3; Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fateijnd Field Val-
idation
o (Prototype) Manual - Design Requirements for Conducting Field Level Pesticides
Run-off Studies (Env. Processes)
o Report: Factors Affecting Biodegradation of Fenthionin Salt Marsh Environments
(Env. Processes)
Objective 4: Perform Eng1neeri_nji__Re_search_1n Support of FIFRA
o Proceedings of the Research Workshop on the Treatment/Disposal of Pesticide
Wastewater Generated by the Agricultural Application of Pesticides (Engineering)
Objective5:PerformExposure MonitoringResearch
o Status report and data assessment of the TEAM Field Study (Monitoring)
Objective 8: Provide Support Services for FIFRA Studies
o Epidemiology study protocol for creosote (Sci. Assessment)
P-12
-------
PESTICIDES'
Pesticides Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $13,219,900 supported by 109.. 7 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $1,414,700 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
Of the request, $5,506,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$7,713,900 will be for the Research and Development appropriation, increases of
$266,800 and $1,147,900, respectively.
Program Descri ption
The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rpdenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal
Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act (FFDCA) require the regulation of pesticide use to
avoid unreasonable adverse effects to public health and to the environment. The
research program improves our understanding of how pesticides interact with human
activities and the environment, to assure that their use minimizes damage from
pests, while maximizing the protection of human food, health and the environment.
Ob jecti ye 1 : Devel op and Val i date Test Methods for F IFRA Studi es . This ac-
tivity develops and "vaTf^ateT^envTrOniiientaT^n^"i:hIeaTt"fi test methods for use by in-
dustry. Research under this objective is needed to develop valid test protocols
to meet pesticide registration requirements and enforcement responsibilities under
Sections 3 and 26 of FIFRA.
Objective 2; Perform Health Research on Biological Markers, Dosiitietry and
Extrapolatiwi^. This research effort develops methods for extrapolating from high
to ...... Tow" dosei ....... between mammalian species and to define the relationships between
biochemical indicators of exposure to neurotoxi cants and behavioral dysfunctions.
Objective 3: Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate and Field
Validation. This field validation effort quantifies pesticide effects through
census ing and field tests to evaluate mortality, reproduction and recovery poten-
tial of fishes, invertebrates, birds and other organisms. The field research is
supported and enhanced by detailed laboratory studies and analysis.
Objective. 4: Perform t,, jjgj^j^jig,. ^6$e_arch in Support of FIFRA. This research
effort firovides IrTf onfiitton oh protectTve cl othi ng and equi pment for pesticide
loaders, mixers, and applicators to meet the Office of Pesticide Programs' (OPP)
regulatory needs under FIFRA. Classes of pesticides, formulation types and concen-
tration, types of protective clothing and equipment, and test methods are identi-
fied, prioritized, and evaluated.
Ob j ecti ve jjl Perform Exppsu re Moni tori ng Resea rch . This effort provides
monitoring expertise, equipment, and staff for the development of specialized
monitoring protocols and methodology for total human exposure monitoring for pesti-
cides as well as the means to characterize sources and routes of exposure for
national pesticide monitoring efforts,
Objject1_vei.-6;_ Perform Research on Biotechnology and Microbial and Biochemical
Pest Control Agents. This effort provides for the eval uati on of the effects of*
microbial and biochemical pest control agents (MBPCAs) and products of biotechnolo-
gy on humans and the environment. Such methods and data are necessary to support
registration activities of OPP.
Objective 7; Perform Studies on Ecotoxicity and Develop Environmental Risk
Assessment Protocol s . This effort provides the means to determine the risk posed
to actual ecosystems by environmental pollutants.
p-13
-------
Objective 8: Provide Support Services for FIFRA Activities. These efforts
provide support for risk and exposure assessment as well as quality assurance and
pesticides repository services.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $775,800 supported by 7.7 total workyears for
this program, of which $403,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $372,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This repre-
sents a decrease of $10,400 and an increase of $41,500, respectively, and no change
in total workyears. This reflects a shift of resources to provide for extramural ly
funded literature searches for developing assessment methods.
Deye1op..^mi^yajjdate Test Methods for Studies. The 1987 scientific
assessment program will continue the Development of methods to determine reproduc-
tive dysfunction as well as pesticide-specific assessment methods for exposure and
health risks from cancer and mutagenicity. Further efforts will examine chemical
dose rate effects on damage to DMA and mutagenic responses*
Provide Support Services for FIFRA Activities. The scientific assessment
^program will continue to prepare health risk assessments for cancer, mutagenicity,
"adverse reproductive/developmental effects and exposure. Additional efforts will
also provide for review of and/or consultation on program office assessments.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $744,700 supported by 7.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $414,200 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $330,500 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
The 1986 program is continuing the development of exposure risk assessment methods
as well as preparation- of health risk assessments and review of program office
assessments.
1985 Accompl 1 shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $420,200 supported by 7.3 total
workyears for this program, of which $396,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $24,000 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, risk assessments were performed for dicofol and metalaxyl. Data evalua-
tion reports were prepared for captan, linuron and Tindane. An epidemiology study
protocol was developed for creosote.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,506,100 supported by 7.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $415,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $1,090,900 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents increases of $17,900 and $26,800, respectively, and no change in
total workyears. These increases reflect adjustments to the 1986 base as part of
government-wide deficit reductions.
PerfojTH Ejyppsufe^MjiTitt^rlnjgLftAsearch. This research will be designed to
develop methods of measurement for pesticides. The methods will be used to provide
data on actual human exposure to individual pesticides. The Total Exposure Assess-
ment Methodology (TEAM) approach will support increased reliance upon such personal
exposure monitoring.
P-14
-------
Provide Support Services for FIFRA Activities. The 1987 monitoring and qual-
ity assurance efforts will continue to operate the pesticide and industrial chemi-
cal repository of over 1,400 chemicals. The repository annually distributes over
30,000 standard samples to the user community. Quality assurance support will also
continue to OPP contract laboratories as well as lab intercomparison studies and
distribution of unknown samples to evaluate OPP laboratories.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,461,400 supported by 7.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $397,300 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,064,100 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
The 1986 program is continuing support for exposure monitoring research, quality
assurance and repository services.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,827,500 supported by 4.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $318,100 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,509,400 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, an annual report on the data comparison program for pesticides was pre-
pared. Also, a status report was prepared on data assessment of the Total Exposure
Assessment Methodology (TEAM) field study. *
HEALTH EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,974,000 supported by 38.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,976,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,998,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $201,500 and a decrease of $5,700, respectively, and
no change in total workyears. This reflects a shift of resources to provide for
procurement of equipment necessary for biotechnology research and test development.
Develop and Validate Test Methods for FIFRA Studies. Health effects efforts
will develop" and refine bioassays for the detect)on of adverse developmental and
reproductive effects. Also, techniques will be developed, validated, refined and
implemented for determining genetic effects caused by human exposure to chemical
carcinogens and mutagens. Finally, methods will be developed to define the rela-
tionship between biological indicators or neurotoxicity and disease.
Perform Health Research on Biological Markers, Dos 1 metry and Extrapolation.
Hea1th research will focus on the development of animal models for assessing health
risks caused by pesticides as well as development of a data management system with
the capability to store and analyze research information on genetic and related
toxicants. This system will be used in the estimation of hazard to humans from
potential carcinogens and mutagens.
Perform Research on B1ptechnology and Mi crobi al andI Bi ochemi cal Pest .Control
AgentTIHealth research in this area will provide methods for detecting, identify-
ing and monitoring biological pesticide agents in mammalian cells as a basis for
test protocols to support microbial pesticide registration. Efforts will also be
undertaken to evaluate subpart M testing guidelines for microbial pest control
agents.
P-15
-------
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,778,200 supported by 38.2
total workyears for this program, of which $1,774,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,003,700 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. The 1986 program continues to provide data on the effects of microbial
and biochemical pest control agents, to develop test methods 1n support of FIFRA
test guidelines and to perform research on biological markers extrapolation from
high to low doses.
1985 Accompl1s hments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $4,108,200 supported by 33.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,798,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,309,800 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, journal articles were prepared on the neurotoxic potential of pesticides
as well as a preliminary screen for skin penetration of 14 pesticides.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1987 Program Request.
The Agency requests a total of $980,700 supported by 1.0 total workyear for
this program, of which $55,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $925,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This repre-
sents increases of $2,300 and $136,500, respectively, and no change in total work-
years. These increases reflect the acceleration of efforts to test protective
garments worn by pesticide mixers, loaders and applicators.
Perfonri Engineering Research in Support of FIFRA. This effort will focus on
the evaluation of selectedprotective garments forpesticide applicators and formu-
1 ators. Expanded research in this area will evaluate the breakthrough time and
steady-state permeation rate data on concentrated formulations of highly toxic
pesticides. This research will provide engineering Information on pesticide pro-
tective apparel used in application and formulation.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $841,900 supported by 1.0 total
workyear for this program, of which $53,400 is from the Salaries and Expenses'
appropriation and $788,500 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
Engineering research activities in 1986 are continuing to provide information on the
effectiveness of protective garments for pesticide mixers, loaders and applicators.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $429,300 supported by 0.6 total
workyear for this program, of which $31,100 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $398,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, a report was prepared on the proceedings of the research workshop on the
treatment and disposal of pesticide wastewater generated by the agricultural appli-
cation of pesticides.
p-16
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,983,300 supported by 55.3 total workyears for
this program, of which $2,655,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $3,328,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This
represents increases of $55,500 and $948,800, respectively, and no change in total
workyears. These increases will provide for new efforts to determine the effects
of genetically engineered pesticides, and to evaluate the effects of pesticide use
on groundwater.
Develop and Validate Test Methods for FIFRA Studies. Environmental processes
and effects efforts will focus on developing and validating bioassays and other
methodologies for use as standardized testing protocols and for use in determining
the effects of chemical pesticides on marine and freshwater animals. In this area,
methods will be devised for cul tuning and testing marine and freshwater animals;
techniques will be studied to determine the effects of sediment-water interactions
of high use pesticides; and testing methods and protocols will be provided. This
provides testing methods which the Agency can recommend for use by pesticide manu-
facturers.
Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate and Field Validation.
Research in this a>ea will concehtraie^bh the development, refinement and valida-
tion of techniques and models to predict pesticide transport, degradation and
fate, as well as exposure estimates of pesticides through surface and subsurface
matrices. Additionally, field and laboratory studies will be conducted to deter-
mine if laboratory methodologies and results are valid and reflect environmental
responses under natural conditions. New efforts will determine the environmental
impact to groundwater caused by pesticide use and other agricultural practices.
Pesticide processes in soils and ground water will be characterized, information
will be developed on spatial variability in subsurface cores, and a report will be
produced on best management practices that could mitigate groundwater contamina-
tion by pesticides.
Perform Research on Bi otechnol ogy and Mi crobi al and B i ochemi cal Pest Control
Agents. Environmental processes and effects research will focus on devel dpi rig land
Impr oy i ng testing protocols for unaltered Microbial Pest Control Agents (MPCAs) and
genetically altered Biological Control Agents (BCAs) on non-target receptors.
Studies will be initiated to field verify initial results and to ensure reproducible
predictions. Research results will supply testing protocols for subpart M guide-
lines used by industry to provide data on which regulatory actions are based.
Perform Studies on Ecotoxlcity 'and PgJfel^J^Jfovlrj3!^"^.. Risk Assessment
Protocols. Research in this area WilT^onti hue to i develop i methodologies to predict
risk to ecosystems. Activities include development of risk assessment methodology
for pesticides by combining exposure and hazard data via transport, fate and
effects models, determination of validity of model results in expressing estimates
of risk of important populations, determination of important endpoint responses
and population changes and identification of how ecosystem structure and function
alterations affect risk analysis. Other critical activities will include determin-
ing the impact of pesticide use on beneficial organisms and preparation of habitat
maps of endangered species and associated pesticide hazards. Such assessments are
used in determining if a pesticide should be registered, how it should be used,
and what its potential risks are.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,979,000 supported by 55.3
total workyears for this program, of which $2,599,800 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,37§,200 is from the Research and Development
appropriation. The 1986 program continues to develop test methods in support of
FIFRA guidelines, perform research on transport, fate and field validation, and
determine the effects of biological pest control agents. New efforts are being
initiated to determine risk to actual ecosystems from pesticides.
P-17
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1985 Accomplishments
in 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,879,500 supported by 53.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,296,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $583,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, reports were completed on the effects of endrin on water fowl and upland
game birds as well as on factors affecting biodegradation of fentheon in salt marsh
environments. Field level pesticide studies were also conducted.
P-18
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Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Tab!e of Contents
Page
PESTICIDES
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Registration* Special Registration & Tolerances........ P-2Q
Regi strati on , P-22
Speci al Regi strati on ,... P-24
Tolerances P-25
Generic Chemical Review.." P-27
Generic Chemical Review P-28
p-19
-------
7
PESTICIDES
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances
ACTUAL
1985
. BUDGET
ESTIHATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIHATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Registration
Salaries 4 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Special Registration
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Tol erances
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
$10,129
$4 ,665
$14,794
$2 ,087
$2,087
$3,131
$3,131
$15 ,347
$4,665
.4
.4
.8
.1
.1
.4
.4
.9
.4
$10
$3
$13
$2
$2
$2
$2
,377.7
,600.0
,977 .7
,042.4
,042.4
,955.1
,955.1
$15,375,2
$3,600.0
$10,042
$3 ,600
$13,642
$1,566
$1 ,566
$2,905
$2,905
$14,513
$3,600
.2
.0
.2
.6
.6
.1
.1
.9
.0
-$431 .9
-$154.8
-$586.7
-$67 .4
-$67.4
-$125.0
-$125.0
-$624.3
-$154.8
$9,610.3
$3,445.2
$13,055.5
$1,499.2
$1,499.2
$2,780.1
$2,780.1
$13,889.6
$3,445.2
$10,310
$3,200
$13,510
$1 ,487
$1 ,487
$2,902
$2 ,902
$14,700
$3 ,200
,4
.0
.4
'.7
.7
.2
.2
.3
.0
$700.1
-$245.2
$454.9
-$11.5
-$11.5
$122.1
$122.1
$810.7
-$245.2
Corapli ance
Registration, Special TOTAL
Registration &
Tolerances
$20,013.3 $18,975.2 $18,113,9 -$779.1 $17,334.8 $17,900.3
$565.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Registration
Special Registration
Tolerances
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
206.2
43.1
75.2
324.5
196.2
39.4
68.7
304 .3
191.5
29.7
68.7
289.9
191.5
29.7
68.7
289.9
191 .5
27.8
68.1
287 .4
-1.9
-.6
-2.5
-------
PESTICIDES
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Registration
Special Registration
Tolerances
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
217 .9
45.0
78.5
341.4
. BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
212.3
42.3
73.8
328.4
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
207.3
31.9
73.8
313.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
207.3
31.9
73.8
313.0
ESTIMATE
1987
207.3
29.9
73.1
310.3
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-2.0
-.7
-2.7
-------
PESTICIDES
Registration, Special Registration,;and Tolerances
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $17,900,300 supported by 310.3 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $565,500 and a decrease of 2.7 total workyears from 1986.
Of the request, $14,700,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,200,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $810,700 and a decrease of $245,200, respectively.
Program Descri pti on
The Agency evaluates all proposed pesticides under a "no unreasonable adverse
effects" standard; taking into account the economic, social, and environmental
risks and benefits of the use of any pesticide. The overall goal of these
activities is to facilitate a steady flow of environmentally acceptable products
to the marketplace. These activities are authorized by the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), which requires that a pesticide be registered
by EPA before it can be.legally sold, distributed, or made available for use, and
the Federal, Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), which requires the establishment
of safe pesticide residue levels on food and feed. This subactivity includes
three program areas:
Registration -* Under this program new pesticide products are registered
and current registrations are amended to add uses and/or new formulations. Regis-
tration is accomplished by: 1) reviewing formulation and use data to ensure that
product use will not result 1n "unreasonable adverse effects"; and 2) limiting the
risks associated with use through label precautions, special packaging require-
ments, application directions, and, where necessary, restriction of use to trained
applicators.
Speci a! Regi strati on' -- The purpose of this program is to respond to requests
for experimeritalusepermits and emergency exemptions (permitting the use of
unregistered pesticides or the use of registered pesticides for sites/pests not
included in their registration to meet pest emergencies). The program also
reviews State registrations of pesticides for Special Local Needs and related
State plans. These functions are required by Sections 5, 18, and 24 of FIFRA.
Tolerances The goal of this program is to protect the public health while
giving appropriate consideration to the production of an adequate, wholesome, and
economical food supply. This goal is achieved by establishing tolerance, levels
for residues of both active and inert pesticide ingredients (or exemption from the
requirements of a tolerance) in or on raw agriculture commodities and processed
foods, establishing safe residue levels (temporary tolerances) for food pr feed
crops to be marketed following the application of experimental use pesticides, and
ensuring, through the testing of analytical methods, that established tolerances
can be adequately enforced.
REGISTRATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $13,510,400 supported by 207.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $10,310,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses ap-
propriation and $3,200,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
P-22
-------
appropriation. This represents an increase of $700,100 and a decrease of $245,200,
respectively, and no change in total wprkyears. The overall increase represents
increased support for New Chemicals and New Uses to permit a more rapid entry of new,
potentially safer, chemicals into the marketplace.
In 1987, the Agency expects to conduct 330 reviews of new chemicals and
biochemi cal/microbial agents, 4,650 reviews of old chemicals, 10,000 amended
registration reviews, and 300 new use reviews. This is essentially the same level
of reviews expected in 1986.
The Agency will continue to give priority to applications for new chemicals
and new uses (especially the first food use of non-food use pesticides). Continued
attention will be given to biochemical/microbial agents, including genetically
altered products, in order to determine the scope of any required regulatory amend-
ments and necessary interagency coordination for the effective regulation of such
products. Emphasis will continue to be placed on reviewing data in support of
food-use chemicals, feedthroughs, aquatic pesticides used in potable water, and
other product classes of special concern.
Initiatives begun in 1986 and continuing in 1987 include more stringent re-
quirements for conditional registrations; further development of Standard Evalua-
tion Procedures to help ensure uniformity of science reviews and public understanding
of review processes; the automated integration of EPA records of scientific.studies,
reviews, product information and other data; evaluation of potential groundwater
contamination; and work on region-specific priority projects such as geographic-
specific groundwater problems, the role of individual regions in monitoring systems,
and the use of 1080 on prairie dogs. The efficacy of protective clothing will be
considered so that better risk management decisions can be made and promulgated
through label requirements. Worker Protection Standards are expected to be promul-
gated in 1987 as a result of negotiated rulemaking efforts in 1986.
The Agency plans to implement registration fees in 1987 to begin recovery of
Agency costs for pesticide registration. Any fees collected would not affect the
need for appropriated funds in 1987.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $13,055,500 supported by 207.3
total workyears for this program, of which $9,610,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $3,445,200 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
Increased emphasis is being given to the groundwater contamination initiative
in 1986 by imposing monitoring requirements on registrants, routinely assessing
contamination potential through extensive review of environmental fate test data,
and preventing or minimizing groundwater contamination through cancellation, geo-
graphical restriction, or restricted-use classifications.
Worker Protection Standards and procedures governing worker protection re-
quirements, including pesticide-treated field reentry periods, protective clothing,
and label warnings, are the subject of regulatory negotiation and proposal in 1986.
The Agency is also highlighting and working on problems identified by the regions,
such as geographically specific groundwater problems and the use of 1080 on prairie
dogs.
The quality and speed of decision-making continues to be improved through
Standard Evaluation Procedures (SEPs). The enhancement of the automation and
management of the pesticides data base is improving the Agency's ability to identi-
fy data gaps and to prevent unanticipated adverse environmental impacts by bringing
all available information to bear on regulatory decisions. ,
P-23
-------
Registration fees may be proposed 1n 1986 to begin recovery of Agency processing
costs.
1985 Accpmp.11 shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $14,794,800 supported by 217.9 total
workyears, of which $10,129,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $4,665,400 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1985, increased emphasis was placed on new chemical and new use applica-
tions resulting in output increases, over the 1985 estimate, of 7 percent and 16
percent respectively. Improvements were made in the quality and speed of decision-
making through the establishment of Standard Evaluation Procedures (SEPs), the con-
tinued development of an integrated pesticide data base, and publication of Data Re-
quirements for Registration and revised procedures for Data Support Requirements
Under FIFRA. These regulations have helped the decision-making process by provid-
ing a clear statement of registration requirements and reducing the uncertainty,
paperwork, and review cycles associated with clarifying routine requirements with
registrants.
SPECIAL REGISTRATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,487,700 supported by 29.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $11,500 and 2.0 total workyears. the decrease re-
flects an anticipated decrease in state and local needs reviews.
In 1987, State participation in Emergency Exemption, Experimental Use Permit,
and Special Local Needs programs will continue to be enhanced through EPA guidance
and close Federal/State cooperation. EPA will continue to monitor State actions in
the Emergency Exemption and Special Local Needs registration programs to assure
proper use of these provisions. The Agency will focus on the critical health and
safety effects of emergency exemption requests. Experimental use permits (EUPs)
will continue to be issued when appropriate to allow for experimentation with
nonregistered products or uses to develop data needed for registration. A total of
400 EUP reviews is expected. Rapid- communication with affected parties, States,
and other measures will be continued to minimize processing times and backlogs.
In 1987, 250 emergency exemption reviews and 475 State and local needs reviews are
projected to be completed.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating, a total of $1,499,200 supported by 31.9
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
In 1986, the Agency 1s issuing final revisions to regulations concerning
Section 18 emergency exemptions under which criteria for granting exemptions will
become more stringent in order to effectively assure their validity. The Agency
has recently implemented a policy concerning genetically engineered, microbial
pesticides (GEMPs) requiring notification of the Agency of intended small-scale
field testing, and a 90-day period for the Agency to determine whether an EUP is
required. The first experimental use permits for GEMPs were granted in November,
1985 for small field testing of altered bacteria to prevent frost damage to plants.
P-24
-------
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,087,100 supported by 45.0 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Temporary tolerance petition review activities and associated resources were
moved to the Tolerance program beginning .in 1985. The purpose was to consolidate
all tolerance setting and tolerance fee-related activities in the same program. Ac-
complishments in 1985 included the publication of the proposed revised rule developed
through regulatory negotiation for Section 18 exemptions and work on establishing
the Agency's policy on GEMPs.
TOLERANCES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,902,200 supported by 73.1 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $122,100 and a decrease of 0.7 total workyears. The
increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of
government-wide deficit reductions.
Requested resources will permit an anticipated 475 tolerance petition reviews,
150 temporary tolerance petition reviews, and 60 reviews of inert ingredient re-
quests. Every effort will be made to minimize processing times and backlogs in re-
sponding to uncontrollable demand (petitions).
Special emphasis will be placed on policies to ensure that tolerances reflect
the most current regulatory status of each active ingredient. Tolerances for
cancelled pesticides will be revoked and replaced with appropriate action levels
where necessary. The systematic use of the computer-based tolerance assessment
system will yield more sophisticated estimates of dietary exposure to pesticide
residues. Crop group tolerances will continue to be used where applicable and
inert ingredient requests will receive more thorough review. Continued support
will be provided to the Codex Alimentarius program and assocTated activities that
set international tolerances. International tolerance levels will be adopted into
the U.S. system whenever feasible in order to facilitate international trade,
improve international consistency in pesticide regulation, and conserve U.S.
resources by using the results of reviews by other countries and international
organizations.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,780,100 supported by 73.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
The tolerance revocation policy requiring that EPA revoke a tolerance for a
cancelled or suspended pesticide is being fully implemented in 1986. EPA expects
this activity to increase as a result of voluntary cancellations and suspensions
(many in response to Data Call-in), registration standards, and special reviews* In
addition, the computer-based Tolerance Assessment System is being refined and selec-
tively used to yield more realistic and sophisticated estimates of dietary exposure
to pesticide residues.
Most of the tolerance fees collected in 1986 are under a revised fee structure,
effective February, 1986. However, most of the 1986 workload and associated earnings
(value of completed petitions) consist of petitions submitted in prior years under
the old fee structure.
P-25
-------
1985 Accompl ishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,131,400 supported by 78.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
In 1985, emphasis was placed on improving the processing time for new toler-
ances, with special attention given to requests for tolerances for first-time uses.
The activities and resources associated with temporary tolerance petitions were
moved from the Special Registration program to the Tolerance program in order to
consolidate all tolerance setting and tolerance fee-related activities.
The developing, computer-based Tolerance Assessment System was used selectively
to refine the Office of Pesticides Programs' estimates of dietary exposure to
pesticide residues. Revised tolerance fees were proposed and published in the
Federal Register.
p-26
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PROGRAM
PESTICIDES
Generic Chemical Review
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
19R6
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(HOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Generic Chemical Review
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$12,390.5 $12,676.8 $13,024.6
$11,862.1 $9,354.7 $9,354.7
-$560.0 $12,464.6 $13,063.7 $599.1
-$402.3 $8,952.4 $9,354.7 $402.3
TOTAL $24,252.6 $22,031.5 $22,379.3 -$962.3 $21,417.0 $22,418.4 $1,001.4
o
I
TOTAL:
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Generic Chemical
Review
$12,390.5 $12,676.8 $13,024.6
$11,862.1 $9,354.7 $9,354.7
-$560.0 $12,464.6 $13,063.7 $599.1
-$402.3 $8,952.4 $9,354.7 $402.3
TOTAL $24,252.6 $22,031.5 $22,379.3 -$962.3 $21,417.0 $22,418.4 $1,001.4
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Generic Chemical Review
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Generic Chemical Review
TOTAL WORKYFARS
232.8
232.8
249.6
249.6
244. R
244.8
760.4
260.4
257.7
257.7
274.3
274.3
257.7
257.7
t
274.3
274.3
257.7
257.7
274.3
274.3
-------
PESTICIDES
Generic Chemical Review
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $22,418,400 supported by 274.3 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $1,001,400 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
Of the request, $13,063,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $9,354,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $599,100 and $402,300, respectively.
Prog ram Desc r i jit i on
This subactivity includes:
Generic Chemica 1 Rey1ew The primary products of the Generic Chemical Review
program are 1} t)ata CalT-Ih - to require registrants to fill gaps in the current
registration data base in time for registration standards development and/or to
aid in the identification of potentially unreasonable adverse effects; 2) Regi-
stration Standards - to enable the Agency to meet efficiently the statutory
mandate to update and reexamine information on currently registered pesticides
and to reregister them as appropriate; and 3) Special Review - to evaluate ri-
gorously the risks and benefits of pesticides with an identified potential for
producing significant adverse health or environmental effects and to take appro-
priate regulatory action (e.g., suspend, cancel, or return to registration).
GENERIC CHEMICAL REVIEW
1987 IP rpg ram Reg uest
The Agency requests a total of $22,418,400 supported by 2v74.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $13,063,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $9,354,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and .Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $599,100 and $402,300, respectively, and
no change in total workyears. The increase in both appropriations reflects In-
creasing support for the registration standards program.
EPA will establish 25 registration standards on existing chemicals in 1987.
The Agency will continue to develop registration standards by clusters of similar-
use chemicals, giving priority to those having high exposure and potential hazard
through their volume of use and/or food use. When all of the data required by the
data call-in and registration standards programs are available and reviewed, the
registration standard permits comprehensive review and updating to produce a
final Regulatory Standard and Tolerance Reassessment (FRSTR). One FRSTR review
will be conducted in 1987.
Some pesticide active ingredients are also used as inert ingredients 1.n other
formulated products, and many have the potential to cause unreasonable adverse
effects. In 1987, the review of inert uses, as well as active uses, of one pesticide
will be included in the registration standards program.
The Agency will resume the call-in of missing data for non-food use chemicals
based on the 1986'evaluation of the 1985 test program wherein registrants Identified
data gaps. The Agency will continue its efforts to improve its product chemistry
data base. This is necessary to determine inerts. Impurities, and contaminants
of toxicological concern in pesticide products and th'e types of studies necessary
for a full health and safety assessment.
P-26
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Review of studies called in during prior years, including studies of ground-
water contamination and chronic health effects, will be continued. Priority will
be given to those studies containing information regarding unreasonable adverse
effects, as identified in accordance with section 6(a)(2) of FIFRA.
Resources requested for 1987 will enable the completion of 13 Special Review
decisions. Special Reviews will be initiated according to revised criteria which
more realistically reflect actual risk. The number of Special Reviews may vary
since the initiation of Special Reviews is responsive to the identification of
potential risks during registration standards development and the review of new
chemicals, the outcomes of which cannot be predetermined. Administrative hearings
will be held as required on regulatory action proposed by the Agency in the Special
Review process.
The results of lab audits will be employed 1n the Special Review and Reg-
istration processes in order to assure that health and environmental effects data
are used to support pesticide registration actions. The use of Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) techniques in urban pest management will be strengthened in cooper-
ation with other agencies. IPM will be considered in special reviews on a case-by-
case basis, among the full range of potential risk-reduction measures that the
Agency examines.
Monitoring of selected pesticide exposure problems and accidental exposure
incidents will be continued in cooperation with various Federal, State and other
institutional sources. Furthermore, the Pesticides program will continue to parti-
cipate in a joint survey with the Office of Drinking Water to establish a reliable
estimate of the national pesticide exposure risk through groundwater.
Beginning 1n 1987, the Agency plans to Institute fees for Its rereglstrati on
activities. The amounts collected would not affect the request for appropriated
funds in 1987.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $21,417,000 supported by 274.3
total workyears for this program, of which $12,464,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $8,952,400 is from the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation.
The Agency is continuing to shift emphasis from the registration of new pesti-
cides to the review of existing, currently registered pesticides whose registrations
are more likely to be supported by incomplete data or data which are inadequate by
today's standards. In 1986, the program emphasized support for registration stan-
dards follow-up, Final Regulatory Standards and Tolerance Reassessments (FRSTRs),
review of inert uses of active ingredients, lab audits, and special reviews.
Twenty-five registration standards and 13 Special Reviews are projected for
1986. Emphasis is being placed on identifying and evaluating new chemicals which
exceed the risk criteria. Also in 1986, previously called-in data is being re-
viewed, including data on chemicals used as termlticicles and on grain funrigant
alternatives to EDB.
The Agency is continuing to provide indemnification for losses resulting from
the cancellation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) and 2,4,5-T, and to support the
disposal of cancelled pesticides as required.
In the registration standards established to date, health and environmental
problems have commonly been identified, and corrective actions taken to reduce
risk. In every standard, important health and environmental data gaps are
identified, and commitments are being received from registrants to generate and
P-29
-------
submit required data expeditiously. The data needs are determined on a case-by-
case basis, considering the use pattern and properties of each chemical. This
ensures that the Agency asks only fqr data essential to its decision process
and thereby minimizes costs to registrants and the public.
Exposure data is being called in to facilitate the evaluation of the signi-
ficance of new and existing health effects data, allowing more timely Agency
reactions to potentially serious hazards. This is vital since the Data Call-In
program virtually completed in 1985 the call-in of long term chronic data for food
use chemicals. In addition, the Data Call-in program is focusing on the call-in
of updated confidential statements of formula (CSF) which are essential since most_
existing data are based on outdated requirements and procedures. Laboratory data
audits are continuing to ensure the validity of laboratory studies performed to
support registration.
The Agency expects that the number of pesticides determined to contaminate
groundwater, and the number of locations involved, is increasing. QPP is partici-
pating in a groundwater monitoring and hazard assessment project to characterize
this problem and formulate an appropriate regulatory response* In 1986 the prin-
cipal activity is the initiation of a national groundwater survey conducted jointly
with the Drinking Water program,
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $24,252,600 supported by 249.6 total
workyears, of which $12,390,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $11,862,100 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Special review decisions were reached on 11 chemicals. In addition, new
review procedures were introduced, providing for early involvement of all EPA
offices in the development of regulatory decisions, including Special Reviews.
In 1985, the Data Call-in program virtually completed call-in of long term
chronic data for food use chemicals. A test program was initiated in 1985 to
call in data on non-food use chemicals, featuring the identification of data gaps
by registrants. The program will be resumed in 1987 following an evaluation in
1986.
Laboratory data audits were conducted by the Agency or cooperatively with
other agencies to ensure the development of high-quality test data on the health
and environmental effects of pesticides. The Agency began to provide indemnifi-
cation for losses resulting from the cancellation of ethylene dibromide (EDB) and
the disposal of products containing EDB.
p-30
-------
Enforcement
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PESTICIDES
ENFORCEMENT
Pestidi ces Enforcement . . ............ , ........ ...... ............. .... P-32
Pesti ci des Enforcement. . . . . . ..... ......... . . . . . ......... . ........ P-35
Pesticides Enforcement Grants .................. .................. P-36
Pesticides Certification & Training.. ..... ...... ........ ......... P-37
P-31
-------
ACTUAL
1985
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enforcement
BIIDGFT
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1<)87 VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
o
UJ
Pesticides Enforcement
Salaries X Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compli ance
$4,188.8 $4,564.9 $4,509.5
$88.8 $195.0 $195.0
TOTAL $4,277.6 $4,759.*) $4,704.5
Pesticides Enforcement
Grants
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Pesticides
Certification *
Training
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$9,717.0 «9,703.4 $9,703.4
TOTAL $9,717.0 $9,703.4 $9,703.4
$2,596.3 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
TOTAL $2,596.3 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
-$194.0 $4;315.5 $4,496.1
-$8.4 $186.6 $195.0
-$202.4 $4,502.1 $4,691.1
-$417.2 $9,286.2 $8,703.4
-$417.2 $9,286.2 $8,703.4
-$111.7 $2,488.3 $2,500.0
-$111.7 $2,488.3 $2,500.0
$180.6
$B.4
$189.0
-$582.8
-$582.8
$11.7
$11.7
TOTAL:
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$4,188.8 $4,564.9 $4,509.5
$12,402.1 $12,498.4 $12,498.4
-$194.0 $4,315.5 $4,496.1 $180.6
-$537.3 $11,961.1 $11,398.4 -$562.7
Pesticides Enforcement TOTAL $16,590.9 $17,063.3 $17,007.9 -$731.3 $16,276.6 $15,894.5 -$382.1
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Pesticides Enforcement
TOTAl PERMANENT WORKYEARS
97.0
97.0
100.6
100.6
100.3
100.3
100.3
100.3
99.3
99.3
-1.0
-1.0
-------
T
OJ
u>
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enforcement.
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Pesticides Enforcement
TOTAl WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
107.5
107.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
110.6
110.fi
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
110.6
110.6
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
110.fi
110.6
ESTIMATE
1987
109.5
109.5
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-1.1
-l.l
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,894,500 supported by 109.5 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $382,100 and 1.1 total workyears from 1986. Of the request,
$4,496,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $11,398,400 will
be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents an
increase of $180,600 and a decrease of $562,700, respectively.
Program Descripti on
The purpose of this sub-activity is to assure the compliance by all parts of
the pesticide industry, including users, producers, and distributors, with the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). This is accomplished
primarily through cooperative enforcement agreements between States, Territories,
and EPA.
This subactivity encompasses three program areas:
Pesticides Enforcement The pesticide enforcement program emphasizes com-
pliance with FIFRAandrelated rules and regulations. The Regional offices nego-
tiate and monitor grant activities for the Cooperative Enforcement programs and
the State Applicator Certification and Training programs, and conduct compliance
monitoring, enforcement, and certification and training activities 1n non-grant
States. The Regional pesticides enforcement program also provides compliance and
technical assistance to the agricultural chemical industry, commercial and private
applicators, user groups, and States. EPA undertakes compliance assistance efforts
to assist these groups with product registrations, special local needs registra-
tions, and emergency exemptions, helping them understand and meet their obligations
under FIFRA.
The Regional enforcement program provides assistance in enforcement actions
initiated by the States. In addition, it prepares and issues notices of violation
and administrative orders in instances where a State does not participate in the
cooperative enforcement program or where a State refers a case to the Agency for
action.
Headquarters provides overall program guidance and sets national program pri-
orities. The major function of Headquarters includes providing support to regula-
tion development, including enforcement response policies and compliance monitoring
strategies; providing technical case development and general oversight to coopera-
tive Federal/State enforcement programs and Federal/State applicator certification
and training programs; and developing annual cooperative agreement guidance docu-
ments.
Pestici des Enforcement Grants -- Pesticides cooperative enforcement agreements
accountfor most of the pesticides compliance monitoring enforcement activities.
Under the terms of cooperative agreements with PA, the States inspect pesticide
producer establishments, provide marketplace surveillance, and investigate pesti-
cide use, misuse, and reentry matters. Cooperative agreements also support the
Stales in monitoring pesticide imports, inspecting pesticide dealer records, and
reviewing commercial applicator records.
Resti ci des Cert 1 f 1. cation and Trai ni ng -- EPA provides funds, divided between
the training program and the certlfication program, to ensure that only competent,
trained applicators handle, apply and store highly toxic, restricted-use pesti-
cides. The Agency transfers funds for training applicators to the U.S. Department
of Agriculture for distribution to State Cooperative Extension Services. EPA
P-34
-------
distributes certification funds via cooperative agreements to designated State
agencies. The States use funds for certification activities such as developing
and grading examinations, issuing credentials, monitoring training, and keeping
records of certified applicators. The Agency also provides funding for Federal
certification and training programs in Colorado and Nebraska.
PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,691,100 supported by 109.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,496,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $195,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $180,600 and $8,400, respectively, and a
decrease of 1.1 total workyears. The increase reflects increasing support for
cooperative agreements and State oversight.
In 1987, the pesticides enforcement program will again concentrate on State
participation, under cooperative enforcement agreements, in the nationwide pesti-
cide compliance monitoring program. The Agency will emphasize achieving compliance
with rules governing pesticide use, with relatively less emphasis on product sur-
veillance in,the marketplace. The States will also be responsible for enforcing
notices of intent to suspend product registrations issued under the Data Call-In
program. The primary Federal role at the regional level will be oversight and
management of State cooperative agreement programs and administration of Federal
applicator certification and training programs in Colorado (for private applicators
only) and Nebraska, and of a pesticides enforcement program in Nebraska.
In addition to providing overall program guidance and management, Headquarters
will assist in the development of new and revised regulations and will develop com-
pliance monitoring strategies and enforcement response policies for all such rules.
Headquarters will provide guidance and general oversight to the Federal/State coop-
erative enforcement programs and applicator certification and training programs,
plus technical and analytical support for regional activities. Both Headquarters
and the regions are responsible for quality assurance and quality control of all
enforcement data collected by EPA.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating $4,502,100 supported by 110.6 total work-
years, which includes $4,315,500 from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$186,600 from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1986, the Agency is emphasizing State participation in pesticide compliance
monitoring and enforcement activities through cooperative enforcement agreements.
There are 54 States and Territories participating in cooperative enforcement
agreements, 51 State certification programs, and 52 training programs. Federal
compliance monitoring activities is continuing in States without cooperative agree-
ments. Other Federal responsibilities include the management of the laboratory
inspection/data audit program, import and export surveillance, provision of tech-
nical and compliance assistance to the States and the regulated community, and the
operation of a computer system maintaining pesticide producer establishment and
production records and other related enforcement data.
1985 Accomp1i shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated $4,277,600 supported by 107.5 total workyears,
including $4,188,800 from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $88,800 from
the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
P-35
-------
In 1985, the Federal compliance monitoring program accomplished the following:
224 inspections of pesticide producing establishments, 242 use and reentry inspec-
tions, 355 marketplace inspections, 282 import inspections at ports of entry, 215
applicator license and record inspections, 263 dealer record inspections, and 86
laboratory inspections that included 291 test study audits. The Agency issued
1,343 notices of warning for product/producer and use violations and 236 adminis-
trative orders.
Headquarters prepared draft or final compliance monitoring strategies for
Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs), the lindane cancellation, registration standards,
Compound 1080 and daminozide restrictions, a revised strategy for FIFRA Section
3(c)(2)(B) data provision compliance, and preliminary strategies for dicofol and
captan use restrictions. Headquarters also prepared a revised enforcement response
policy for FIFRA Section 7 establishment reporting requirements.
A total of 54 cooperative enforcement agreements, 51 State certification
programs, and 52 training programs were in place in 1985. As part of the coopera-
tive agreement program, the Agency provided training for State inspectors, chemists
and case development staff,
PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT GRANTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,703,400 for cooperative enforcement agree-
ments, all for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This repre-
sents a decrease of $582,800, reflecting a reduction in State inspections under
the cooperative enforcement agreement program. This grant will be included in a
legislative proposal for block grants designed to give States more flexibility and
autonomy in administering environmental programs.
The Agency will continue cooperative enforcement agreements with 54 partici-
pating States and Territories. The cooperative enforcement agreement program is
designed to permit participating States and Territories to determine their program
priorities and utilize the resources provided to act upon these priorities. State
activities will include use and reentry investigations, pesticide producer estab-
lishment and marketplace inspections, applicator license and record inspections,
and dealer record inspections. As compared with past years, resources will be
shifted from marketplace sampling to provide greater emphasis upon use compliance.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,286,200 for cooperative agree-
ments from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These agreements
emphasize user compliance with label directions for proper use and application, as
well as manufacturer adherence to product formulation requirements under FIFRA.
1985 Accomplishments i
In 1985, the Agency obligated $9,717,000 for cooperative agreements from the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Fifty-four participating States
and Territories conducted approximately 1,916 inspections of establishments, 14,778
use, reentry, and experimental use inspections, 10,728 marketplace inspections, 323
import inspections, 12,545 applicator license and record inspections, and 9,263
dealer record inspections. The Agency issued 4,223 notices of violation and 335
administrative orders, and engaged in 186 criminal litigations.
P-36
-------
PESTICIDES CERTIFICATION AND TRAINING
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,500,000 for the applicator certification and
training program, all for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of $11,700, reflecting adjustments to the 1986 base as
part of goverrnent-wide deficit reductions. This grant will be included in a legis-
lative proposal for block grants designed to give States more flexibility and auto-
nomy in administering environmental programs.
This program will support 51 applicator certification programs and 52 appli-
cator training programs in participating States and Territories, as well as Federal
certification programs in Colorado (for private applicators only) and Nebraska.
These resources will continue to support the certification and training of appli-
cators using highly toxic, restricted-use pesticides.
1986 Program
In 1985, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,488,300 for cooperative agree-
ments from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This funding
supports 51 applicator certification programs and 52 training programs with States
and Territories, as well as Federal programs in Colorado (for private applicators
only) and Nebraska. EPA is also developing an .action plan to implement the recom-
mendations of the task force that completed its review of the Pesticides Certifica-
tion and Training program in 1985.
1985 Accomp1j shment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,596,300 for cooperative agreements
from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation in support of 51 certifi-
cation programs and 52 training programs with States and Territories. In addition,
these funds supported Federal programs in Colorado and Nebraska,
Also in 1985, a task force reviewed the Pesticides Certification and Training
program to determine what actions, if any, should be taken to improve it. The task
force was composed of representatives of EPA, USDA, State Cooperative Extension
Services and State Lead Agencies.
P-37
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Radiation
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
RADIATION R-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Radi at i on Research R-7
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance... R-10
Health Effects R-ll
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines.. R-13
Radiation Program Implementation...... R-l6
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment.. R-l9
R-l
-------
RADIATION
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Radiation
$8,567.8
$2,939.8
$846.9
$12,354.5
$7,621.1
$2,144.6
$16,7
$9,782.4
$8,041.0
$2,144.6
$16.5
$10,202.1
-$345.6
-$92.3
-$.7
-$438.6
$7,695.4
$2,052.3
$15.8
$9,763.5
$8,161.4
$3,810.6
$11,972.0
$466.0
$1S758.3
-$15.8
$2,208.5
50
(O
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL mm YEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
149.1 141,3 155.3 155.3 152.0 -3.3
161.4 147,3 160.0 160.0 157.0 -3.0
$16,068.9 $9,758.4 $12,723.5 -$325.6 $12,397.9 $12,136.4 -$261.5
All except Research and Development is by virtue of the Appropriation Act. The
Research and Development Act expired September 30, 1981, and reauthorization is
.pending.
-------
RADIATION
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
EPA's mandate to protect the public health and environment from adverse
effects of radiation exposure'is derived from several statutes: the Atomic Energy
Act, which provides authority for Federal guidance and general environmental
standards (transferred to EPA by Reorganization Plan #3 of 1970); the Clean A1r
Act Amendments of 1977, which provide authority to regulate radioactive air pollu-
tants; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Uranium Mill Tailings
Radiation Control Act, which charge EPA with providing standards for protection
from waste materials with radioactive content; the Nuclear Waste Policy Act; and
other authorities contained in the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; the Marine
Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act; the Safe Drinking Water Act; the
Public Health Service Act; and the National Environmental Policy Act.
These statutes generally prescribe environmental assessment, technology assess-
ment, standard-setting, and research roles for EPA. The disposal of radioactive
wastes in an environmentally sound manner 1s a complex task that involves the col-
lective efforts of EPA, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), the Department of
Energy (DOE), States, and private industry. In some cases, enforcement responsib-
ilities are vested in other agencies, notably the NRC. In these instances, EPA
performs some oversight functions to ensure that established standards and guidance
are followed.
*
The basic program strategy for EPA's Radiation Program focuses on three major
objectives: (1) reduce health effects and environmental Impacts; (2) assess emerging
radiation problems; and (3) maintain a capability to respond to emergencies.
Reduce ad verse heal tjii eft gets and eny1 rpnmental 1 mpact s from radi at.1 onjexpo*
sure tftrougir a p^Source categoFfe which emt
ai rborne radionTucTides"are" assessed and regulated, where required, by the promulga-
tion and implementation of National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants,
under section 112 of the Clean Air Act. The various classes of radioactive wastes
and their disposal options are evaluated and regulated in a program designed to
ensure that disposal takes place in an environmentally sound manner which limits
exposures. Principal tasks remaining include promulgation of standards for land
and ocean disposal of low-level radioactive wastes, Including natural and. accelera-
tor-produced materials, and regulation of permissible residual radioactivity levels
at decommissioned nuclear facilities. Federal guidance is under development to
limit occupational exposures to Ionizing radiation, and for general exposure to
radlofrequency radiation. In addition to these activities, ancillary efforts
include development of permit criteria for the ocean disposal of radioactive wastes,
and the examination of special problems associated with high-level wastes stored at
the Department of Energy site at Hanford, Washington.
Assess and quantify existing and eiprglng radiation prpbleffls^^and their
potential IMactr jtesjKmd to Issues of 'sarYou^^Kmft/T₯dge^ofradi-
atIon ^exposure from some sources has become more widespread, and the potential for
radiation contamination of environmental pathways is growing as greater uses are
made of radioactive materials. Requests for assistance in site assessments and
radiochemical analyses of environmental samples have increased substantially, parti-
cularly from the Federal sector. Measurements of radon levels from naturally occur-
ring radium In soil and rocks 1n the Reading Prong areas of Pennsylvania, New
Jersey, and New York, and the probability of similar exposure levels in other parts
of the country, demonstrate the need to address this environmental problem. There-
fore, the Agency 1s emphasizing the radon Issue In 1986 and will continue to do so
in 1987. EPA is coordinating its activities with DOE, which has a long-standing
program in radon and related Issues. EPA's short-term efforts to address radon
exposure are: identifying the potential for high-risk areas; developing measurement
capabilities in States; and encouraging private sector development of mitigation
methods. Longer-term objectives include: providing criteria for determining high
R-3
-------
risk lands; demonstrating low cost mitigation methods; expanding measurement cap-
abilities of States; defining the distribution of risks in the United States; and
informing the public and industry about measurement techniques, mitigation methods,
and preventive techniques.
Maintain a capability to respond to emergenciesand to aid developmentand
testino. _ of'__ State, local, and Federal plans for enrepgency^response, to "provide
conHnuous 1 nfonriat 1 on on radlat5!oh 1 eve 1 s in envi ronmerital pathways, the Agency
maintains fully equipped emergency response teams which can be flown to sites where
significant radiation releases have occurred or appear imminent. Protective Action
Guides being developed will provide consistent guidance to responsible officials
for preventive or remedial actions which should be taken to limit population expo-
sure from unplanned releases of radiation. The Environmental Radiation Ambient
Monitoring System provides a mechanism for tracking and measuring large atmospheric
releases of radioactive materials across the country.
In 1987, the Agency will continue the off-site monitoring program. This effort
supports the Department of Energy's operation of nuclear test sites. In addition,
the quality assurance program for radiochemical analyses will be maintained. The
Agency will also continue research on mitigating indoor radon levels. This effort
is described in the air section of the budget request.
R-4
-------
RADIATION
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
Increase (+)
Decrease (-)
"1987 vs 1986
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Cumu1 at i ve Outputs
Regulations:
Proposals............... 9
Promulgations , 9
Guides:
Proposals..... 3
Promulgations 1
12
9
11
10
11
11
4
4
+1
R-5
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
RADIATION
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Radiation Research..., R-7
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance............... R-10
Health Effects R-11
R-6
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Research
PROGRAM
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance - Radiation
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects - Radiation
Salaries X Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research R Development
ACTUAL
1985
$201.2
$16.7
$217.9
$811.5
$830.2
$1,641.7
$1,012.7
$846.9
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
$196,3
$16.7
$213.0
$196.3
$16.7
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$196.3
$16.5
$212.8
$196.3
$16.5
-$8.4
-$.7
-$9.1
-$8.4
$187.9
$15.8
$203.7
$187.9
$15.8
$196.3 $8.4
-$15.8
$196.3 -$7.4
$196.3 $8.4
-$15.8
Radiation Research TOTAL $1,859.6
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
$213.0 $212.8
-$9,
$203.7 $196.3
-$7.4
Monitoring Systems -A
Quality Assurance -
Radiation
Health Effects -
Radiation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
3.8
15.2
19.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
-------
I
ACTUAL
1985
RADIATION
Radiation Research
BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
TOTAL HORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Monitoring Systems I
Quality Assurance -
Radiation
Health Effects -
Radiation
TOTAL HORKYEARS
4.7
15,8
20.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Research
Principal. Outputs by Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
S^SSSSSSSKSSSSSSSSSSS
Objective 1: Conduct an OJPf-Site Radj^lojical Monitoring Program
o Annual report of off-site surveillance around the Nevada Test Site (NTS) ~
Calendar Year 1986 (Monitoring)
Objective 2; Conduct anAnalytical Radiochemical Quality Assurance Program
o Annual report on laboratory radionuclide intercomparison studies (Monitoring)
1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
3SB&3SS33&BSSVSS1SG3BB
Obijective 1; Conduct an Off-SiteRadipi ogi cal Mom'toring Program
o Annual report of off-site surveillance around the Nevada Test Site -~ Calendar
Year 1985 (Monitoring)
Objective 2: Conduct.anAnalytical R^jiiochemical QualityAssurance Program
o Annual report on laboratory radionuclide intercomparison studies (Monitoring)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
cs=wssa===sa=sssa»»3K
Objective 1: Conduct an Off~Site Radiological Monitoring Program
o Annual report of off-site surveillance around the Nevada Test Site Calendar
Year 1984 (Monitoring)
Objective 2: Conduct an AnalyticalRadiochemical Quality Assurance Program
o Annual report on laboratory radionuclide intercomparison studies (Monitoring)
R-9
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RADIATION
Radiation Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $196,300 supported by 5.0 total workyears for
1987, a decrease of $7,400 and no change in total workyears from 1986. The entire
request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an
increase of $8,400 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and a decrease of
$15,800 in the Research and Development appropriation.
Program Description
The goal of the radiation research program is to provide the Office of Radia-
tion Programs (ORP), and other EPA, federal, regional, state and local officials
with scientifically credible data, methodologies, and assessments required to
determine public exposure to radioactive materials in the environment and to con-
trol such exposure. The following objectives support this goal;
Objective 1. Conduct anOff-SiteRadiological MonitoringProgram. The pro-
gram under thi s objective provides comprehensive radiological monitor!ng and sur-
veillance services to meet specific Department of Energy (DOE) requirements for its
nuclear testing programs, especially at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). This work is
conducted under a reimbursable arrangement with DOE.
Objective 2. Conduct anAnalytical Radi ocheirri cal Quality Assurance Program.
EPA conducts aradiochemical analytical quality assurance program which supports
federal, regional, state, and local laboratories making radioactivity measurements
to assess the Impact of local nuclear facilities. It also supports the Office of
Radiation Programs by-serving as a source of radionuclide and instrument standards
and radiochemical methods for analysis of environmental samples.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1987ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $196,300 supported by 5.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $8,400 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
a decrease of $15,800 in the Research and Development appropriation, and no change
in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjustments
to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions. The decrease in
Research and Development reflects the Agency's ability to carry out its responsi-
bilities in this program without an extramural component.
Conduct an Off-Site Radiological Monitoring Program. Monitoring support to
DOE's Nevada Test Site and other test locations will continue. This support con-
sists of safety programs for nuclear testing and monitoring at the NTS as well as
at sites in Mississippi, Colorado, and New Mexico.
Conduct an Analytical Radiochemical Quality Assurance Program. Technical
expertise and guidance to regional, state, and contractor laboratories for radio-
chemical analyses of environmental samples will continue. Inter-laboratory com-
parison studies will be initiated to provide data on the precision and accuracy of
radioactivity measurements in milk, simulated diet, drinking water, and air.
R-10
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $203,700 supported by 5.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $187,900 Is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $15,800 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1986, annual reports are being developed on off-site surveillance around
the Nevada Test Site and on laboratory radionuclide comparison studies.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $217,900 supported by 4.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $201,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $16,700 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, the major accomplishments were the publication of the annual report
on the Laboratory Radionuclide Intercomparison Studies and the annual report of
Off-site surveillance around the Nevada Test Site. Quality assurance support was
also provided.
HEALTH EFFECTS
The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1987.
1986 Program
The Agency is allocating no resources for this program in 1986, reflecting
the completion of health effects research needed to support the development of
Federal Radiation Protection Guidance. A core staff is being maintained to ensure
the orderly phase-out of the program.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,641,700 supported by 15.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $811,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $830,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Health effects research on non-ionizing radiation focused primarily on ques-
tions remaining since completion of a 1984 report on the biological effects of
radiofrequency radiation.
R-ll
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Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
of Contents
Page
RADIATION
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines..................*....... R-13
Radiation Program Implementation R-16
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment. R-19
R-12
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines
I
to
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED
1985 ESTIMATE 1986
1186
BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Radiation Criteria,
Standards A Guidelines
Salaries A Expenses $3,840.7 $3,756.2 $3,691.1
Abatement Control and $2,035.9 $1,544.6 $1,544.6
Compliance
TOTAL $5,876.6 $5,300.8 $5,235.7
TOTAL;
Salaries A Expenses $3,840.7 $3,756.2 $3,691.1
Abatement Control and $2,035.9 $1,544.6 $1,544.6
Compliance
Radiation Criteria, TOTAL $5,876.6 $5,300.8 $5,235*7
Standards A Guidelines
PERMANENT' WORK YEARS
Radiation Criteria, 69,7 72.3 72.3
Standards 8 Guidelines
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 69.7 72.3 72.3
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Radiation Criteria, 71.8 74.n 74.0
Standards & Guidelines
TOTAL WORKYEARS 71.8 74.0 74.0
-$158.6 $3,532.5 $3,499.0 -$33.5
-$66.4 $19478.2 $1,060.6 -$417.6
-$225.0 $5,010.7 $4,559.6 -$4Sl.l
-$1.58.6 $3,532.5 $3,499.0 -$33.5
-$66.4 $1,478.2 $1,060.6 -$417.6
-$225.0 $5,010.7 $4,559.6 -$451.1
72.3 67.0 -5.3
72.3 67.0 -5.3
74.0 69.0 -5.0
74.0 69.0 -5.0
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Criteria, Standards, and Guidelines
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $4,559,600 supported by 69.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $451,100 and 5.0 total workyears from 1986* Of the re-
quest, $3,499,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $1,060,600
will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, decreases of
$33,500 and $417,600 respectively.
EPA develops and promulgates radiation environmental standards and guidelines
under this subactivity. These standards and guidelines protect the public health
and the environment by minimizing risk of radiation exposures from nuclear energy
applications, naturally occurring radioactive materials, medical and occupational
radiation uses, and nonionizing radiation.
RADIATION CRITERIA. STANDARDS, AND GUIDELINES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,559,600 supported by 69.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,499,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,060,600 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents a decrease of $33,500 and $417,600, respectively, and
a decrease of 5.0 total workyears. The decreases reflect streamlining support
for regulation and guidance development.
In 1987, EPA will concentrate on three major areas: addressing airborne radio-
nuclides, establishing standards for radioactive waste management, and developing
Federal Guidance. The airborne radionuclides work will focus on the completion of
a review of phosphogypsuro piles for the potential development of National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs) under section 112 of the Clean Air
Act, as well as following up on the existing standards as necessary.
As part of programs addressing the problem of radioactive waste disposal, EPA
will examine extending the coverage of the high-level waste standards to address
special defense related wastes which are presently stored in various locations.
Much of this effort will focus on Hanford, Washington. EPA will also promulgate
the low-level radioactive waste standard, which has been expanded to cover concen-
trated natural and accelerator produced radioactive materials. In addition, EPA
will continue technical work on the development of environmental standards or Federal
Guidance for residual radioactivity^ limits at decommissioned nuclear facilities.
In 1987, EPA will complete the development of technical criteria for ocean
dumping of radioactive wastes. The Agency will prepare to review and decide on
permit applications which may be received for ocean dumping. The Agency will also
participate in deliberations of the London Dumping Convention and other internat-
ional bodies which are concerned with ocean disposal.
In 1987, EPA will take appropriate action to complete Protective Action Guides
(PAGs) for airborne plume and ingestion pathways, which will be added to the Manual
of Protective Actions. This manual is used in Federal, State, and local emergency
preparedness plans in the event of a radiation incident. A draft of the relocation
and recovery PAGs will be completed in 1987. In addition, EPA will publish the
final radiofrequency radiation guidance. Support to other Federal agencies will be
given in the implementation of existing Federal Guidance covering nonionizing radi-
ation, diagnostic uses of medical x-rays, and occupational exposure of workers.
R-14
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1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,010,700 supported by 74.0
total workyears for this program, of which $3,532,500 Is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,478,200 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
During 1986, regulatory projects have three focal points: (1) regulation
of airborne radionuclides under section 112 of the Clean Air Act, (2) management of
radioactive wastes under the authorities of the Atomic Energy Act; the Nuclear
Waste Policy Act; the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act; and the Marine
Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, and (3) development of Federal Guidance
under the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act.
A final NESHAPs for licensed uranium mills is expected to be promulgated in
1986. Work will continue on the risk assessment of phosphogypsum piles prior to
making the determination of whether regulatory action is needed. Agreements are
being negotiated with Department of Energy (DOE) and the Nuclear Regulatory Com-
mission (NRC) on how NESHAPs will be implemented at facilities under their cogni-
zance, the Agency's continuing effort in the high-level waste area Includes taking
actions necessary to Interpret the high-level waste standards relative to their
Implementation. The standard to be proposed in 1986 for land disposal of low-level
radioactive wastes has been extended to cover discrete sources of natural and
acceleraterproduced radioactive materials. Analytical work necessary to develop
environmental standards for residual radioactivity at decommissioned nuclear faci-
lities also continues, with the issuance of an advance notice of proposed rulemaking.
Analytical work continues to support the Agency's capability to review permit
applications for the ocean disposal of radioactive wastes. A biological monitoring
criteria report and a draft site selection criteria report on ocean disposal 1s
being completed. Participation 1n International deliberations continues. Guidance
for radiofrequency radiation is a candidate for proposal and working arrangements
may be established with affected agencies for subsequent Implementation of the
guidance. The final general occupational exposure guidance will be published in
1986. Drafts of PAGs for airborne plume and ingestlon pathways will be completed,
while development of the relocation and recovery PAGs continues. EPA and other
Federal agencies are working together to assure adequate Implementation of existing
regulations.
1985 Accompl 1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,876,600, supported by 71.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,840,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,035,900 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
Contract funds and workyears supported the gathering of data and analyses
for standards setting, particularly In the areas of airborne radionuclides and
radioactive waste disposal. This led to the completion of NESHAPs for four source
categories: NRC and DOE facilities, non-DOE facilities, elemental phosphorus
plants and underground uranium mines, and to the issuance of the high-level radio-
active waste disposal standards. Progress continued on standards for low-level
waste disposal, guidance for general occupational radiation exposure, and guidance
to limit exposure to radiofrequency radiation. Work was Instituted on the develop-
ment of several PAGs for use 1n the event of a nuclear incident. In addition, the
Agency moved forward with its program to establish standards or guidance for residual
radioactivity at decommissioned nuclear facilities.
R-15
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RADIATION
Radiation Program Implementation
PROGRAM
Radiation Program
Implementation
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Radiation Program TOTAL
Implementation
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Radiation Program
Implementation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Radiation Program
Implementation
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
$628.7
$628.7
$628.7
$&28.7
10.1
10.1
12.6
12.6
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
$655.1
$655.1
$655.1
$655.1
10.0
10.0
12.3
12.3
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
$601.7 -$25.9
$601.7 -$25.9
$601.7 -$25.9
$601.7 -$25.9
10.0
10.0
11.0
11.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$575.8
$575.8
$575.8
$575.8
10.0
10.0
11.0
11.0
ESTIMATE
1987
$616.7
$616.7
$616.7
$616.7
10.0
10.0
11.0
11.0
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
$40.9
$40.9
$40.9
$40.9
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Program Implementation
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $616,700 supported by 11.0 total workyears for
1987, an Increase of $40,900 and no change 1n total workyears from 1986. All of the
request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Program Description
This program supports activities of EPA's Regional offices and includes:
implementing the Radon Action Program, participating in the review and testing of
State radiological emergency response plans, reviewing environmental impact state-
ments, providing the public with technical information, providing direct assistance
to State and local governments with special radiation problems of a short-term
nature, and providing the radiological expertise needed by the Regions to manage
radiological problems associated with the drinking water and hazardous waste pro-
grams.
RADIATION PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $616,700 supported by 11.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $40,900 and no change in total workyears from 1986,
The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions.
In 1987, selected Regional Offices will help implement the Radon Action Program,
which addresses radon exposures from naturally occurring sources, by providing
information on the assessment and mitigation of radon in structures. EPA will also
continue to emphasize technical assistance to States for emergency response plan-
ning. EPA assists States in the development of radiological emergency response
plans and formally reviews these plans along with other Federal agencies under the
coordination of the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Regional Offices will
continue to be Involved in the characterization and Identification of hazardous
waste sites contaminated by radioactivity. This effort supports both the EPA Head-
quarters hazardous waste programs and the requests from the States. The Regions
will continue to be the primary reviewers of environmental Impact statements for
radiation facilities, such as commercial nuclear power plants, uranium mines and
mills, and radioactive waste disposal facilities. The Regions will assist in the
implementation of promulgated standards and guidelines. They will be Involved with
State agencies and the public to present and explain Agency radiation regulations,
particularly those for low-level waste disposal and radlofrequency radiation. They
will provide continued support to the States for the management of radioactive
wastes.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $575,800 supported by 11.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
R-l?
-------
In 1986, selected Regional Offices are providing support In the develop-
ment of data and Information In the Improvement of State capabilities for the
Implementation of EPA's Radon Action Program. Emergency preparedness and technical
assistance to the States on radioactive waste problems also remains a central focus
of the EPA Regional radiation program. Regional programs continue tp.be involved
,in the characterization of hazardous waste sites subject to possible remedial
action. The Regions are also continuing as the primary reviewer of environmental
impact statements for radiation facilities such as uranium mines and mills, and
radioactive waste disposal facilities. Support to the national program 1s in the
form of participation in the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System and
regulatory work groups and task forces. Cooperation with EPA's Superfund Program
will continue and be enhanced to identify and survey potential dump sites for radia-
tion contamination and removal.
1985 Accompl 1 shment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $628,700 supported by 12.6 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
Emergency preparedness and technical assistance to the States and other EPA
Regional programs remained the central focus of the EPA Regional radiation program.
Regions continued to review environmental impact statements for radiation facili-
ties, such as uranium mills and mines, and radioactive waste disposal sites. They
continued to be involved with the characterization of hazardous waste sites subject
to possible remedial action under EPA's Superfund Program.
R-18
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RADIATION
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment
PROGRAM
Radiation Environmental
Impact Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl iance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Radiation TOTAL
Environmental Impact
Assessment
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Radiation Environmental
Impact Assessment
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Radiation Environmental
Impact Assessment
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED CURRENT
BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS, IN THOUSANDS)
$3,085.7
$903 .9
$3,989.6
$3,085.7
$903.9
$3,989.6
50.3
50.3
56.5
56.5
$3,013.5
$600.0
$3,613.5
$3,013.5
$600.0
$3,613.5
54.0
54.0
56.0
56.0
$3,551.9
$600.0
$4,151.9
$3 ,551 .9
$600.0
$4,151.9
68.0
68.0
70.0
70.0
-$152.7 $3,399.2
-$25.9 $574.1
-$178.6 $3,973.3
-$152.7 $3,399.2
-$25.9 $574.1
-$178.6 $39973.3
68.0
68.0
70.0
70.0
$3,849.4
$2,750.0
$6,599.4
$3,849.4
$2,750.0
$6,599.4
70.0
70.0
72.0
72.6
$450.2
$2,175.9
$2,626.1
$450.2
$2slh.9
$2,626.1
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment
Bud get Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,599,400 supported by 72.0 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $2,626,100 and 2.0 in total workyears from 1986. Of the
request, $3,849,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$2,750,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
an increase of $450,200 and $2,175,900, respectively,
ProgramDescription
Activities in this program provide the information necessary to identify and
analyze radiological problems having potential public health impacts and to support
the development of standards and guidelines. Also included under this subactivity
is the monitoring of environmental radiation, as well as laboratory analysis, tech-
nology assessments, emergency preparedness, and emergency response.
RADIATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,599,400 supported by 72.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,849,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro*
priation and $2,750,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This represents increases of $450,200 and $2,175,900, respectively, and an
increase of 2.0 total, workyears. The increases will be used to support the Radon
Action Program.
In 1987, EPA will continue to implement a comprehensive Radon Action Program
that assists the Department of Energy (DOE) in addressing health impacts of radon
exposure. This program includes a national assessment of the health problem,
development of preventive practices, assistance in low-cost remedial techniques,
field measurements, and development of State and local capabilities. EPA will
also continue to support development of standards under the Clean Air Act, the
Atomic Energy Act, and other legislative authorities. Field studies used to form
the basis of risk assessments and associated risk management decisions will be
continued. The residual radioactivity regulatory initiative will require con-
tinued field support to evaluate and confirm assumptions built into the develop-
ment process, including field measurement and analyses. EPA will maintain fully-
equipped emergency response capabilities at two field locations. The Environmental
Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS) will collect and analyze samples of
air, precipitation, and milk in its national network to determine ambient radiation
levels and will maintain its preparedness to monitor the environment in the event
of a large-scale release of radioactive effluents, such as that which will result
from atmospheric testing of nuclear devices. The quality assurance program will
be operated to ensure accuracy of all laboratory measurements and data analyses
conducted either inhouse or through program contracts. In addition, support to
States, other Federal agencies, and other parts of EPA will continue in the form
of radiochemical analyses, technical assistance, and EPA participation in the
Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors. Monitoring of radiation levels
in the Three Mile Island area will continue'while the reactor core is being removed.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,973,300 supported by 70.0
total workyears for this program, of which $3,399,200 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $574,100 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
R-20
-------
In 1986, EPA will begin a Radon Action Program, a comprehensive radon assess-
ment and mitigation effort to Identify the extent of the health hazard associated
with elevated radon levels In structures. EPA's program will be designed and coor-
dinated with DOE's long-standing program. A national assessment methodology will
be developed, and standardized measurement techniques and protocols will be estab-
lished. Information about existing measurement methods, remediation and preventive
practices, and health risks will be developed. Field validation and preliminary
identification of high risk areas will be started. Particular emphasis will be
placed on the Reading Prong areas of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York.
In addition to the Radon Action Program, other activities Include: continued
laboratory and technical support to regulatory and guidance activities, maintenance
of an emergency response capability, coordination of EPA Regional Office review and
testing of State emergency response plans, assistance to other EPA offices and to
State radiological programs, and support for ERAMS. The 1986 program reflects
continuing emphasis on standard-setting activities, including resources for Clean
A1r Act field and laboratory measurements for a uranium mills NESHAPs necessary to
meet the regulatory schedule, and further development of the standards information
for low-level waste disposal and residual radioactivity at decommissioned nuclear
facilities. The Agency will continue Its replacement of radiation air monitoring
sampling equipment and will continue to monitor and sample air, precipitation,
surface water, and milk. Ocean disposal monitoring activities will continue with
monitoring and analysis of water, biota, and sediment core samples at numerous ocean
sites and development of ocean disposal technical radiation criteria. The monitor-
ing of off-site releases from clean-up operations at Three Mile Island will also
continue. Operation of a quality assurance plan for all program activities will
continue. In addition, a comprehensive environmental assessment in the Pocatello
and Soda Springs areas of Idaho will be Initiated.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,989,600 and 56.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,085,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $903,900 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Activities in 1985 Included: development of a plan for a Radon Action Pro-
gran; continued laboratory and technical support to standards-setting, particularly
under the Clean Air Act for the development of four NESHAPs; maintenance of an
emergency response capability; coordination of EPA Regional Office reviews and
testing of State emergency response plans; and assistance to other EPA offices and
to State radiological programs. ERAMS was maintained. Ocean disposal monitoring
activities Included the development of survey and sampling information, analysis
of core samples, and development of criteria information in support of a low-level
waste ocean disposal regulation. Extramural funds provided partial support to
monitoring activities at Three Mile Island, support to the Conference of Radiation
Control Program Directors, and studies necessary to develop scientific information
for the EPA ocean disposal program.
R-21
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Interdisciplinary
SECTION TAB
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Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
INTERDISCIPLINARY 1-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Interrnedi a Programs 1-7
Technical Information and Liaison ...; 1-13
Exploratory Research Core Program...... ,, 1-14
Scientific Assessment... 1-15
Quality Assurance Management 1-16
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Environmental Review and Coordination..... 1-18
Interdisciplinary Training Grants......... 1-23
ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support 1-27
Technical Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring 1-30
Enforcement Policy & Operations............ 1-31
Criminal Investigations 1-33
1-1
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Interdisciplinary
$25,506.0 $25,107.0
$7,808.2 $7,159.3
$22,175.7 $14,900.0
$55,489.9 $47,166.3
$26,770.7
$7,759.3
$21,742.8
$56,272.8
-$1,150.7
-$333.9
-$935.0
-$2.419.6
$25,620.0 $27,225.2 $1,605.2
$7S425,4 $5,133.7 -$2,291.7
$20,807.8 $15,516.0 -$5,291.8
$53,853.2 $47,874.9 -$5,978.3
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
482,5 491.0 537.7 537,7 544,3 6.6
533.0 521.5 568.2 568.2 570.0 1.8
$54,857.8 $48,252.6 $60,916.3 -$1.343.6 $59,466.7 $52.572.7 -$7,106.0
All except Research and Development 1s by virtue of the Appropriation Act. The
Research and Development Act expired September 30, 1981, and reauthorfzation is
pending.
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Interdisciplinary Program is com-
posed of several activities that cut across programmatic lines and are not readily
assignable to a specific media. These programs address environmental concerns that
affect several media and require an 1riterd1.sc'1pl1n.ary approach. The Interdiscipli-
nary Program includes the Intermedia Research Program within the Research and
Development function, the Federal Agencies Compliance Program and the National
Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Compliance Program within the Abatement and Con-
trol function, and the legal aspects of the Agency's enforcement efforts.
The Intermedia Research Program encompasses four major activities: scientific
assessments, technical information and liaison, exploratory research, and quality
assurance management. The Scientific Assessment Program has responsibility for
developing uniform risk assessment guidelines for Agencywide application, assuring
consistency of approach to guidelines, and coordinating with other agencies through
the Risk Assessment Forum. The Technical Information and Liaison Program distri-
butes technical and scientific information from the Office of Research and Develop-
ment with an emphasis on communicating cost-effective methods for complying with
EPA's regulations. The Exploratory Research Program provides long-range ex-
ploratory research, conducted primarily through grants and academic research cen-
ters. It includes the Distinguished Visiting Scientist Program and the Environ-
mental Trends Program. The Quality Assurance Program provides centralized guid-
ance and management for Agency wide Quality Assurance activities, and performs
audits to assess the effectiveness of the Agency Quality Assurance efforts.
The Environmental Review and Coordination Program accomplishes statutory
objectives under the authority of NEPA; Section 309 of the Clean Air Act; and
Executive Order 12388 - Federal Compliance with Pollution Control Standards, and
includes four program activities. The NEPA Compliance program includes the pre-
paration of the Environmental Impact Statements or Findings of No Significant
Impact for those agency programs specifically covered by NEPA as well as reviews
that are the functional equivalent for those agency programs that are not spe-
cifically covered by NEPA. The Federal Facilities program oversees Federal com-
pliance with all Federal statutory environmental requirements, and specifically
with Executive Order 12088. The Environmental Review program ensures that Federal
agencies carry out their activities in an environmentally sound manner pursuant to
NEPA and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act. The Indians progran develops and imple-
ments policies for dealing with environmental problems on Indian reservations.
Enforcement Policy and Operations provides consistent direction to EPA enforce-
ment for all non-Superfund media to assure the most effective possible steward-
ship of EPA's enforcement responsibilities as they contribute to the protection
of environmental quality. To accomplish this goal, it establishes compliance
monitoring and enforcement priorities, policies, and procedural guidelines so
that enforcement actions are properly selected and prepared; establishes measures
for and monitors performance in achievement of enforcement outcomes; and assures
that policies and procedures are correctly Implemented by the media enforcement
programs and Regional offices. It conducts all legal case development, litigation,
and adjudicatory hearing activities for media enforcement programs, including
oversight of evidence gathering, preparation and management of cases, and referral
of cases to the Department of Justice for litigation.
In addition, this program contains the Agency's criminal investigations
effort which entails investigation, preparation, and referral of cases involving
criminal violations of environmental statutes. Investigators and attorneys provide
support to the Department of Justice during subsequent investigation and litigation
of these cases. The National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) provides
1-3
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specialized technical expertise in support of EPA enforcement case preparation
activities. NEIC serves as a point of coordination and support for complex in-
vestigations, which have a national impact on environmental enforcement. In
1987, this Interdisciplinary program will emphasize the support and resolution of
ongoing cases in order to maximize environmental benefits by improving compliance
with environmental statutes. This program will be increasing its support of the
Hazardous Waste Program.
1-4
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs. 1986
Enforcement Actions
Inspections* - - -
Notices of Violations* -
Administrative Orders 2623 ** 2452 2580 + 128
Civil Cases
Ongoing 154 ** 163 171 +8
New 247 197 210 213 + 3
Criminal Cases
Investigations 100 ** 100 100 0
Referrals to DOJ 36 37 38 38 0
Permit Support
. RCRA *** NA 77 95 + 18
NPDES *** NA 104 104 0
U1C *** NA 659 624 - 35
* No Interdisciplinary action, see specific media for these outputs.
** Numbers are not comparable due to change in definition of output.
*** No Regional support was provided in 1985.
1-5
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Page Intentionally Blank
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Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL- PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
INTERDISCIPLINARY
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Intermedia Programs. .... 1-7
Technical Information and Liaison*.... 1-13
Exploratory Research Core Program 1-14
Scientifi c Assessment 1-15
Quality Assurance Management 1-16
1-6
-------
PROGRAM
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Technical Information &
Liaison
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Exploratory Research
Core Program -
Interdisciplinary
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Scientific Assessment
Interdisciplinary
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Quality Assurance
Management
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
Intermedia Programs TOTAL
$1,948.4
$905.7
$2,854.1
$860.8
$20,395.2
$21,256.0
$915.4
$236.6
$1,152.0
$655.8
$638.2
$1,294.0
$4,380.4
$22,175.7
$26,556.1
$1,795.0 $1,786.7
$847.2 $788.8
$2,642.2 $2,575,5
$658.5 $655.6
$13,226.1 $20,160.6
$13,884.6 $20,816.2
$814.2
$400.0
$1,214.2
$686.7
$426.7
$1,113.4
$814.2
$368.7
$1,182.9
$686.6
$424.7
$1,111.3
$3,954.4 $3,943.1
$14,900.0 $21,742.8
$18,854.4 $25,685.9
-$76.8 $1,709,9 $1,743.4 $33.5
-$33.9 $754.9 $716.0 -$38.9
-$110.7 $2,464,8 $2,459.4 -$5.4
-$28.1 $627.5 $538.0 -$89.5
-$866.9 $19,293.7 $13,600.0 -$5,693*7
-$895.0 $19,921.2 $14,138.0 -$5,783.2
-$35.0 $779.2 $782.6 $3.4
-$15.9 $352.8 $800.0 $447.2
-$50.9 $1,132.0 $1,582.6 $450.6
-$29.5 $657.1 $809.1 $152.0
-$18.3 $406.4 $400.0 -$6.4
-$47.8 $1,063.5 $1,209.1 $145.6
-$169.4 $3,773.7 $3,873.1 $99.4
-$935.0 $20,807.8 $15,516.0 -$5,291.tt
-$1,104.4 $24,581.5 $19,389.1 -$5,192.4
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Technical Information &
Liaison
Exploratory Research
Core Program -
Interdisciplinary
Scientific Assessment
M Interdisciplinary
do
Quality Assurance
Management
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL HORKYEARS
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
22.7 17.0
16.5 10.0
14.6 16.0
9.0 . 13.2
62.8 56.2
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
ie.8
9.9
16.0
13.2
55.9
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
16.8
9.9
16.0
13.2
55.9
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
16.8
9.9
14.4 -1.6
13.2
54.3 -1.6
Technical Information
Liaison
Exploratory Research
Core Program -
Interdisciplinary
Scientific Assessment
Interdisciplinary
28.0
16.8
16.0
28.6
10.0
16.0
28.4
9.9
16.0
28.4 28.4
9.9 9.9
16.0
14.4
-1.6
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Quality Assurance
Management
TOTAL FQRKYEARS
9.7
70.5
13.6
68.2
13,6
67.9
13.6
67=9
13.6.
66*3
-1.6
M
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
P r i n c i pal Outguts by Objget i ye
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1: Assure Uniform Risk Assessment
o Two technical support documents for exposure assessment guidelines (Scientific
Assessments)
o Final guidelines for health assessment of toxicants to male/female reproductive
system (Scientific Assessments)
Objective 3: Technology Transfer
o Seminars to assist states in the regulation of toxic pollutants in air (Tech-
nical Information)
o Seminars on technologies available for beneficial use of municipal sludges
(Technical Information)
Objective 4: Manage the Agency-wide Mandatory Quality Assurance Program
o Report on review of Agency Quality Assurance program plans (annual work plans
and revised management plans from 42 offices and laboratories) (QA Management)
o Guidance on audits of data quality for environmental data collection activities
(QA Management)
Objective 5; Manage/Implement the ExploratoryGrantsand Centers Program
o Solicitation for 1988 Research Grants Proposals (Exploratory Research)
o Annual Reports on Research Grants and Centers Program (Exploratory Research)
o Bibliography of Research Grant Published Articles (Exploratory Research)
Objecti ve .6: Manage/Imp]ement the Envirorpental Trends Program
o Status reports on U.S. Mussel Watch and Specimen Bank Programs (Exploratory
Research)
Objective 7: Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program
o Solicit and select distinguished scientists for 1988 program (Exploratory
Research)
1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
3:e&B.!!.;8h;s.*ss.\SSBSS9a!;as9a.s
Objective 1; Assure Uniform Risk Assessment
o Proposed guidelines for assessment of -pollutant effects on human fertility
(Scientific Assessment)
o Final guidelines for chemical mixtures, carcinogen risk assessment, exposure
assessment, mutagenicity risk assessment, and suspect developmental toxicants
health assessment (Scientific Assessment)
1-10
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Objective 3; Technology Transfer
o Trial Burn Data Handbook for hazardous waste incinerator permit writers (Tech-
nical Information)
o Seminars on the technologies available to decrease contaminant levels contained
in the Office of Drinking Water Health Advisories (Technical Information)
Objectiye 4; Manage the Agency-wide Mandatory Quality AssuranceProgram
o Report on continuing review of all Agency Quality Assurance program plans (42
offices and laboratories) (QA Management)
ObjectiveiJ5: Manage/Implement the Exploratory Grants and Centers Program
o Solicitation for 1987 Research Grant Proposals (Exploratory Research)
o Annual reports on the Research Grants and Centers Programs (Exploratory
Research)
Objective 6: Manage/Implement^ Program
o Status Reports on Mussel Watch and Specimen Bank programs (Exploratory Research)
Objective 1" Manage/Implement the Visiting ScientistsProgram
o Solicit and select scientists for 1987 Visiting Scientists Program (Exploratory
Research)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
M = 3S3S3CSSrSSSSStaS«E:ffi:E = 3S»3B
Objective 1: Assure Uniform Risk Assessment
o Proposed guidelines for chemical mixtures., carcinogen risk assessment, exposure
assessment, mutagenicity risk assessment, and suspect developmental toxicants
health assessment (Scientific Assessment)
Objective 3; Technology Transfer
o Revision of handbook for remedial action at waste disposal sites (Technical
Information)
o Teleconference on emergency plans for the protection of public drinking water
supplies (Technical Information)
Objective 4: Manage the Agency-wide Mandatory Quality AssuranceProgram
o Report on management systems audits of two Agency components (QA Management)
o Guidance for revised Quality Assurance program plans for all Agency data
collection components (QA Management)
Objective 5; Manage/Implement the Exploratory Grants and Centers Program
o Awarded 57 research grants (Exploratory Research)
o Received over 200 research papers (Exploratory Research)
Objective 6: Manage/Implement the Environmental Trends Program
o Mussel Watch research plan (Exploratory Research)
Objective 7: Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program
o Selected 9 visiting scientists for the Visiting Scientists Program (Exploratory
Research)
i-ll
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $19,389,100 supported by 66.3 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $5,192,400 and a decrease of 1.6 total workyears from 1986.
Of the request, $3,873,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$15,516,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
Program Description
The Intermedia budget subactivity consists of those ORD programs which cross
all media. These are Exploratory Research, Technical Information and Liaison,
Quality Assurance Management, and Uniform Risk Assessment.
Objective 1: Assure Uniform Risk Assessment. This activity provides Agency-
wide guidance to performexposure andriskaTsessments. These guidelines are
intended to ensure uniform assessments that rely on sound scientific principles
and information.
Objective 2: Technical Information Product Management. This program manages
the development of ORD's scientific and technicalinformation products to ensure
they are properly and efficiently planned, controlled, distributed and of high
quality. This program also develops special reports as needed, supports the review
of Technical Information Plans, and enforces technical information standards for
ORD information products.
OSjective 3; Technology Transfer. These activities support the Stevenson-
Wydler Technology Innovation Act (P.L. 96-480). By providing Information on avail-
able technology and technical data, states and localities are more able to meet
their regulatory responsibilities.
Objective 4; Manage the Apncy-widei Mandatory Quality Assurance Program. This
program provides policy direction, management systems and technical guidelines
for the Agency-wide mandatory quality assurance program.
Objective 5: Manage./Itnp1etnent the Exploratory Grants and Centers Program. The
grants program funds individual investigator-initiated research in areas of concern
to the Agency through an open, competitive, peer-reviewed evaluation process. The
long-term exploratory research centers will focus on multi-disciplinary research in
eight topic areas. In addition, the Small Business Innovation Research program,
the Senior Environmental Employment Program and the Minority Institutions Support
Program are managed under this objective.
Objective6: Manage/Iinplementthe Environmental TrendsProgram. This program
develops biomonitoring techniques,such asMusselWatch andthe National Pilot
Specimen Bank, to identify long-term environmental trends and research needs.
Objective7: Manage/Implement the VisitingScientists Program. This objective
develops andimplements programs tostrengthenand enhance the quality of the
Agency's research programs through the exchange of scientists and the granting of
awards for scientific achievement. The major activity is the senior Visiting
Scientists program, which enables accomplished scientists to conduct research at
ORD laboratories.
1-12
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TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND LIAISON
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,459,400 supported by 28.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,743,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $716,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This
represents an increase of $33,500 and a decrease of $38,900, respectively, and no
change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjust-
ments to the 1986 base as part of government -wide deficit reductions. The decrease
in Research and Development reflects a reduction in technology transfer activities
in order to support other research priorities.
Jechnical Information Product Management . In 1987, the Center for Environ-
mental Research Information (tERl) will continue to be the central point for all
ORD information products. It will track, process, and distribute all ORD reports,
develop special reports as needed, produce all ORD project summaries and review
them for policy implications. Responsibilities will continue to fall into three
major categories: processing reports and journal articles to NTIS; reviewing,
processing, and controlling the quality of project summaries; and printing and
distributing ORD information products. In 1987, CERI estimates it will receive
a slightly higher number of reports for processing to NTIS (1,700). Of these,
there will be approximately 1,074 project reports, 520 journal articles and 106
miscellaneous documents.
These activities will ensure that ORD's scientific and technical information
products are planned, appropriately controlled, distributed uniformly, and of high
quality.
Transfer . Technology Transfer is a continuing responsibility.
In response to requests from the EPA program offices and the needs expressed by
the regions and the States, ORD disseminates the available technology and tech-
nical data to States and localities to enable them to meet their regulatory
responsibilities. In 1987, Technology Transfer activities will be carried out
in support of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act. Activities will
include the design, production, quality control, and distribution of materials
such as design manuals, users' guides, handbooks, and workshops.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,464,800 supported by 28.4
total workyears for this program, of which $1,709,900 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $754,900 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation.
The Center for Environmental Research Information (CERI) tracks, processes
and distributes all ORD reports, develops special reports as needed and produces
all ORD project summaries. Technology transfer activity supports the production
of technology transfer tools for the Program Offices and the Regions.
1985
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,854,100 supported by 28.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,948,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $905,700 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
Major accomplishments in 1985 included a Teleconference on Emergency Plans
for the Protection of Public Drinking Water Supplies. In addition, several other
technology transfer manuals and handbooks were completed and 21 seminars and
workshops on 6 subjects were conducted. Over 1,300 documents were processed to the
National Technical Information Service, 389 project summaries were produced and
distributed, and over 26,000 requests for publications were answered.
1-13
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EXPLORATORY RESEARCH CORE PROGRAM
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,138,000 supported .by 9.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $538,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $13,600,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $89,500 and $5,693,700, respectively, and no change
in total workyears. As in previous years, these reductions reflect a difference
in the way that resources for the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant
program are accounted for between the current year (1986) and the budget year (1987).
The 1986 resources for SBIR have been consolidated -|n the Exploratory Research
Core Program, whereas the 1987 resources are distributed to each of the media
research programs. After the beginning of 1987 these resources will be consolidated
in the Exploratory Research Core Program, In addition, the number of new grants
awarded under the Exploratory Grants program will be reduced in order to focus
resources on high priority research areas,
Manage/Implement the Exploratory Brants and Centers Program. Applications
from individualinvestigators willcontlnue to5!received, peer reviewed and
reviewed for relevance to EPA's mission. The program will emphasize: continued
improvement in quality of research; coordination with the Agency's research planning
process; broad dissemination of results of completed grants, and coordination with
other Federal agencies. Seminars and workshops featuring the completed work of
grantees will continue to be held in Agency laboratories and ottier locations
around the country. Invitees will include interested Agency staff, peer review
panelists, other grantees, science media, the general public, representatives from
other Federal granting entities and interested State and local personnel.
Oversight and management of the operating centers will emphasize attention to
new trends, discoveries or leads coming from ongoing studies. An annual summary
report of the results obtained by each of the centers will be prepared for ongoing
evaluation of the effectiveness of the center with respect to coverage of necessary
areas or ability to respond to new needs. Recommendations for reorienting existing
centers will be prepared when appropriate. Symposia and workshops will be held to
disseminate information from center studies.
Manage/Implement the Environmental Trends Program. These resources will con-
tinue to supportbiomonitoringactivitieswhich include the Mussel Watch and
Specimen Bank programs at the 1986 level, The U.S. Mussel Watch program is develop-
ing methods to measure the environmental status of coastal marine waters. The
National Pilot Specimen Bank is developing ways to allocate, analyze and store
samples of environmental concern. Both of these programs are essential components
of the Agency's comprehensive long range research strategy.
Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program. This program, designed to
enable distinguished scientists to work in ORD laboratories, will continue as in
1986. The scientists who participate in research activities will be renowned
in their fields. The Distinguished Visiting Scientists Program is ongoing and,
therefore, the activities and expected accomplishments for 1987 are similar to
those for 1986. Involvement of renowned scientists in the day-to-day activities
of ORD laboratories will result in exchanges of information beneficial to both EPA
and the scientific community and will improve the reputation and credibility of
research carried out in EPA laboratories.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $19,921,200 supported by 9.9
total workyears for this program, of which $627,500 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $19,293,700 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
1-14
-------
The 1986 Grants and Centers Program is continuing to award research grants
and manage the academic research centers to support the Agency's long-term re-
search needs. In addition, the environmental trends program, encompassing the
U.S. Mussel Match and the National Pilot Specimen Bank, is continuing to assist
the Agency in monitoring environmental trends to better anticipate emerging environ-
mental problems and develop strategies to address them. The Distinguished Visiting
Scientists Program is continuing to enable outside scientists to-either consult
with or conduct research in ORD laboratories,
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $21,256,000 supported by 16.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $860,800 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $20,395,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, the Exploratory Research program reviewed 414 grant proposals and
awarded 57 new grants and 57 continuations. The Visiting Scientists program
sponsored the work of nine distinguished scientists in ORD laboratories, enabling
the agency to remain in the forefront of science and strengthening EPA's scientific
basis for regulatory decisions.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,582,600 supported by 14.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $782,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $800,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This
represents an increase of $3,400 and $447,200, respectively, and a decrease of 1.6
total workyears. The increases reflect the need for further development of guide-
lines and support for methods development needs identified by the Risk Assessment
Forum or during the preparation of existing guidelines.
Assure Uniform Risk Assessment. In 1987 this program will submit for public
comment and SAB review guidelines for health assessment of toxicants to the male/
female reproductive system. Two technical support documents for exposure assess-
ment guidelines will be completed and guidelines for systemic toxicants will be
proposed.
Funds will be used to operate the Risk Assessment Forum, which ensures appro-
priate agency-wide consistency in procedures by reviewing program office risk
assessments, making recommendations for risk assessment procedures not covered by
established guidelines, making recommendations on risk assessment issues, and
recommending revisions to agency guidelines whenever necessary. All Forum-directed
projects will be coordinated with, and complement, other Agency efforts to reduce
risk assessment uncertainties.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,132,000 supported by 16.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $779,200 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $352,800 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1986 guidelines in areas including carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, repro-
ductive effects, systemic effects, complex mixtures and exposure assessment are
being completed, concluding the first round of risk assessment guidelines. The
Agency's Risk Assessment Forum is continuing to review risk assessments at the
request of senior management, as well as provide the Agency with revised and up-
dated guidelines for producing risk assessments.
1-15
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1985 Accompl 1 shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,152,000 supported by 16.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $915,400 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $236,600 was for the Research and Development appropriation.
Guidelines for risk assessment and exposure assessment documents were sub-
mitted for public comment and SAB review. These guidelines, on carcinogenicity,
mutagenicity, chemical mixtures, developmental toxicants and exposure, were re-
drafted, given provisional SAB approval and await final SAB approval.
QUALITY ASSURANCE MANAGEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,209,100 supported by 1.3.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $809,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $400,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This
represents an increase of $152,000 and a decrease of $6,400, respectively, and no
change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects enhanced
support to the in-house research program and increased efforts in support of the
full scale auditing program for the Agency's Quality Assurance systems.
Manage the Agency-wide Mandatory Qua!Ity Assurance Program, In 1987, all
program offices, Regional offices and Agency laboratories must continue to imple-
ment quality assurance (QA) procedures consistent with Agency policy to ensure
that data generated by the Agency are reliable, valid, and accurate. This program
will include review of QA program plans of all regions, program offices and
laboratories; QA management system audits of selected EPA offices and laboratories;
selected reviews of audits performed by Agency Quality Assurance Officers; develop-
ment and improvement of program-specific guidance for QA project plans; preparation
of a QA status report for senior EPA management; and development of procedures
for training QA officers and data collectors on the use of QA materials.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,063,500 supported by 13.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $657,100 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $406,400 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1986, the quality assurance activity involves the implementation and
evaluation of programs to support the development within EPA of scientific data of
known and acceptable quality.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,294,000 supported by 9.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $655,800 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $638,200 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985 the quality assurance activity involved planning for conducting
management systems audits of the regions, program offices and laboratories;
developing guidance for revised quality assurance program plans for all Agency
data collection activities, reviews of Agency quality assurance audits; and
development of guidance for data quality objectives.
1-16
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Page Intentionally Blank
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Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
INTERDISCIPLINARY
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Environmental Review and Coordination 1-18
Interdisciplinary Training Grants 1-23
1-17
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Environmental Review and Coordination
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET, ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Environmental Review
and Coordination
Salaries & Expenses $4,965.9 $5,175.7 $4,927.4 -$211.8 $4,715.6 $4,851.1 $135.5
Abatement Control and $5,492.8 $5,104.0 $5,154.0 -$221.7 $4,932.3 $3,078.4 -$1,853.9
Compliance
TOTAL $10,458.7 $10,279.7 $10,081.4 -$433.5 $9,647.9 $7,929.5 -$1,718.4
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $4,965.9 $5,175.7 $4,927.4 -$211.8 $4,715,6 $4,851.1 $135.5
Abatement Control and $5,492.8 $5,104.0 $5,154.0 -$221.7 $4,932.3 $3,078.4 -$1,853.9
Compli ance
Environmental Review TOTAL $10,458.7 $10,279.7 $10,081.4 -$433.5 $9,647,9 $7,929.5 -$1,718.4
and Coordination
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Environmental Review 118.5 111.0 112.2 112.2 108.5 -3.7
and Coordination
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 118.5 111.0 112.2 112.2 108.5 -3.7
-------
ACTUAL
1985
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Environmental Review and Coordination
BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Review
and Coordination
124.7
118.2 118.2
118.2 114.5
-3.7
TOTAL WORKYEARS
124.7
118.2 118.2
118.2 114.5
-3.7
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Environmental Review and Coordination
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,929,500 supported by 114.5 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,718,400 and 3.7 total workyears from 1986. Of this
request, $4,851,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,078,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $135,500 and a decrease of $1,853,900 respectively.
Prog ram Desc r1pt1 on
Environmental Review and Coordination This activity includes four programs.
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Compliance contains resources for prepar-
ing EPA's Environmental Impact Statements (EISs) or, alternatively, determining
Findings of No Significant Impact (FNSIs) on National Pollution Discharge Eli-
mination System (NPDES) new source permits and municipal wastewater treatment
grant actions to assure that new facilities with Federal involvement comply with
NEPA. The NEPA Compliance program also provides assistance to other EPA programs
1n conducting functionally equivalent analyses.
Federal Facilities Compliance deals with control of pollution at Federal
installations. Under Executive Order 12088, EPA is directed to: (1) provide
technical advice and assistance to Federal agencies to ensure that their facili-
ties comply with pollution control requirements in a cost effective and timely
manner; (2) assist Federal agencies and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
in developing budgetary plans for controlling pollution at Federal facilities; and
(3) resolve disputes regarding Federal facilities' violations of pollution control
requirements through administrative mechanisms. The Federal Facility compliance
effort is a comprehensive multi-media program which works with and coordinates the
individual single-media programs to establish one Integrated and focused effort,
enabling EPA to deal with other Federal agencies on their pollution control pro-
blems in a highly efficient and effective manner, and not through fragmented,
single-media approaches.
Pursuant to NEPA and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act, the Environmental
Review program reviews and comments publicly on the environmental impact of proposed
projects, regulations, and other major Federal actions. This broad mandate encour-
ages expedited environmental assessment of all Federal projects and activities.
The major objective is to minimize the adverse environmental impacts of Federal
proposals by: (1) effective liaison with other Federal agencies, (2) early identi-
fication of significant environmental issues, and (3) timely review of major actions.
The Indian Program coordinates the extension of EPA programs to American
Indian reservations. This effort emphasizes coordination of Agency activities and
support of activities designed to improve the environmental management capability
of tribal governments. It includes identification of, and work on, priority tribal
projects and resolution of legal, policy, and procedural problems hampering EPA's
ability to work with tribal governments.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW AND COORDINATION
1987 P rog ram Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,929,500 supported by 114.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,851,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,078,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $135,500 in Salaries and Expenses, a
decrease of $1,853,900 in Abatement, Control and Compliance, and a decrease of 3.7
total workyears. The increase is for increased support costs and the decrease
reflects a reduction in NEPA compliance activity.
1-20
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Efforts will continue to be directed toward ensuring that EPA complies with
its NEPA requirements. In 1987, the Agency expects a decline in NEPA compliance
activity, as only ongoing construction grant projects will be funded in 1987.
The request includes only those extramural resources necessary to complete on-
going projects and to support analyses for phased, segmented projects. The re-
quest supports expected increases in the NPDES area due to the issuance of new
source performance standards for oil and gas production facilities on the Outer
Continental Shelf. An increase in the demand for NEPA compliance resources in
conducting functionally equivalent analyses, particularly in the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and Toxic Sub-
stances Control Act (TSCA) areas is also expected.
The Agency will place increased emphasis on advice to Federal agencies on
pollution control methods and requirements, compliance monitoring, and dispute
resolution under Executive Order 12088. Particular emphasis will be placed on
hazardous waste problems on Federal installations in cooperation with the Office
of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. The Agency will continue to review and
comment on draft and final EISs and improve coordination with other Federal
agencies with respect to the Section 309 and NEPA review processes. Finally, the
Agency will strengthen overall "outreach" with tribal groups. . The office will
continue implementation of the Agency's Indian program, through technical support
and consultation designed to strengthen the environmental management capabilities
of tribal governments. Principal emphasis will be placed on evaluating prototype
technical and institutional solutions to environmental problems on tribal lands.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,647,900 supported by 118.2
total workyears for this program, of which $4,715,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,932,300 is from the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation. In 1986, the NEPA Compliance program is increasing empha-
sis on oversight of State programs which are doing much of the basic environmental
analysis. EPA is also continuing work on site-specific assessments and EISs, and
increasing efforts in conducting functionally equivalent analyses especially in
the hazardous and toxic waste areas. The Agency is continuing to assist Federal
agencies in identifying facilities needing pollution controls, determining the
most cost effective control, and resolving disputes surrounding facilities which
are out of compliance. The Agency is also continuing to work on the review of
environmental impacts of proposed projects, regulations, and other major Federal
actions, as required by both the NEPA and Section 309. The major objective is to
minimize the adverse environmental impacts of Federal proposals by: (1) effective
liaison with other Federal agencies; (2) early identification of significant en-
vironmental issue ; and (3) timely review of major actions. In 1986, the program
is working to improve the environmental management capability of tribal govern-
ments, which includes increased outreach and technical assistance to tribal govern-
ments and resolution of legal, policy, and procedural problems hampering EPA's
ability to work with tribal governments.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $10,458,700 supported by 124.7 work*
years for this program, of which $4,965,900 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,492,800 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. In 1985, this program consisted of two program elements, NEPA
Compliance and Federal Facilities Compliance. The NEPA Compliance program pre-
pared EISs and FNSIs as required in connection with construction grants and NPDES
projects; conducted overviews of related state activities; and provided assistance
1-21
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to other programs in conducting functionally equivalent analyses. The Agency
continued its efforts to provide technical advice and assistance to Federal
agencies to ensure that their facilities comply with pollution control require-
ments in a cost effective manner; to review and comment on proposed actions of
other Federal agencies' actions to ensure that public health and the environment
was protected; to improve liaison with other Federal agencies, and to identify and
resolve environmental concerns on Indian lands. In 1985, the Agency adopted and
began implementation of an Indian Policy.
1-22
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Interdisciplinary Training Grants
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET ENACTED
ESTIMATE 1986
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Interdisciplinary
Training Grants
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and
Compl 1 ance
Interdi scipl inary TOTAL
$458.4
$458.4
$458.4
$458.4
$550.0
$550.0
$550.0
$550.0
-$23.7
-$23.7
-$23.7
-$23.7
$526.3
$526.3
$526.3
$526.3
-$526.3
-$526.3
-$526.3
-$526.3
Training Grants
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Interdisciplinary Training Grants
Budget Request
The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1987.
ProgramDescription
This program encouraged academic training in the environmental sciences by
providing economic support, through fellowships and training grants, to students
who are interested in entering this field. This program is being phased out in
1986.
INTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING GRANTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency is not requesting funding for this activity in 1987.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $526,300 for this program within
the Office of Research and Development (ORD), all of which is for the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. Resources are being used to begin the phase-
out of this program.
jj>85 Accompli shments
v
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $458,400 to this program within the
Office of Research and Development all of which was for the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. The program funded 41 minority fellowships.
1-24
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Interdisciplinary Technical Assistance
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
EPA Disaster Assistance
Salaries X Expenses
TOTAL
$10.0
$10.0
TOTAL:
Salaries £ Expenses
Inter d-1 sc1 pi 1 nary TOTAL
Technical Assistance
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
$10.0
$10.0
EPA Disaster Assistance
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL MORKYEARS
EPA Disaster Assistance
TOTAL WORKYEARS
.2
.2
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Enforcement
SECTION TAB
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Consents
Page
INTERDISCIPLINARY
ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support 1-27
Technical Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring 1-30
Enforcement Policy & Operations 1-31
Criminal Investigations 1-33
1-26
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to
-vj
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Enforcement Policy S Technical Support
ACTUAL
1985
PROGRAM
Technical Support
Office of Enforcement
And Compliance
Monitoring
Salaries % Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Enforcement Policy ft
Operations
Salaries X Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Criminal Investigation
Program "
Salaries A Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$3
$1
$5
$12
$12
$16
$1
,478.3
,547.6
,025,9
,671,4
$309.4
,980.8
,149.7
,857.0
$3
$1
$4
$12
$13
$15
$2
,277.9
,705.3
,983.2
,699.0
$350.0
,049.0
,976.9
,055.3
$3,137.0
$1,705.3
$4,842.3
$13,796.4
$350,0
$14,146.4
$966.8
$966.8
$17,900.2
$2,055.3
-$134.7
-$73.4
-$208.1
-$593.2
-$15.1
-$608.3
-$41.6
-$41.6
-$769.5
-$88.5
$3', 002
$1,631
$4,634
$13,203
$334
$13,538
$925
$925
$17,130
$1,966
.3
.9
.2
.2
.9
.1
.2
.2
.7
.8
$3,064
$1,705
$4,769
$13,475
$350
$13,825
$1,961
$1,961
$18,501
$2,055
.1
.3
.4
.4
.0
.4
.5
.5
.0
.3
$61.8
$73.4
$136.2
$272,2
$15.1
$287.3
$1,036.3
$1,036.3
$1,370.3
$88.5
Compliance
Enforcement Policy 4 TOTAL
Technical Support
$18,006.7 $18,032.2 $19,955.5 -$858.0 $19,097.5 $20,556.3 $1,458.8
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Enforcement Policy 8 Technical Support
PERMANENT WQRKYEARS
Technical Support
Office of Enforcement
And Compliance
Monitoring
Enforcement Policy 8
Operations
Criminal Investigation
Program
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Technical Support
Office of Enforcement
And .Compliance
Monitoring
Enforcement Policy 8
Operations
Criminal Investigation
Program
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
49.7 66.4
251.3 257.4
301.0 323.8
61.5 66.4
276.1 268.7
337.6 335.1
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
65.4
279.2
25.0
369.6
ft
65.4
291.7
25.0
382.1
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
65.4
279.2
25.0
369.6
65.4
291,7
25.0
382.1
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 'DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
62.5 -2.9
784.0 4.8
35.0 10.Q
381.5 11.9
62.5 -2.9
291.7
35.0 10.0
389.2 7.1
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Enforcement Policy and Technical Support
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $20,556,300 supported by 389.2 total work-
years for 1987, an increase of $1,458,800 and 7.1 total workyears from 1986. Of
the request $18,501,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$2,055,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
represents an increase of $1,370,300 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$88,500 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
program Descri pti on
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Technical Support - Office of Enforcementand Compliance Monitoring The
National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) provides Headquarters and Reg1 onal
Offices with technical support for litigation development in nationally managed
cases; cases with precedential implications; criminal cases; cases with multi-
Regional impacts; cases involving unique technological requirements and complexity;
and cases which exceed a Region's capability and resources. NEIC plans, develops,
and provides technical assistance for civil and criminal cases under all statutes
administered by the Agency.
Enforcement Pol 1icy and Operations This program element provides the legal
enforcement ancT compliancemonitoring component of Agency enforcement programs in
all non-Superfund media. The Headquarters component is responsible for Implemen-
tation of all aspects of legal enforcement activities in which EPA is a plaintiff
and provision of consistent direction and coordination of Agency legal enforcement
policies, strategies, and case development activities. In addition, the Head-
quarters component is responsible for oversight of the Agency's compliance efforts,
including establishment of Agencywide criteria for use In the development of
media-specific compliance strategies, the negotiation of compliance and enforcement
commitments, and the overview of the implementation of strategies and program
objectives. The Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring conducts cross-
media analyses of Agency compliance and enforcement activities and acts as a
leader in fostering new compliance and enforcement approaches.
Regional legal resources are used to translate national priorities into a
credible enforcement presence tailored to particular Regional characteristics and
designed to maintain statutory compliance in the most cost-effective manner.
Consultation is provided to Regional media program clients for development of
effective compliance monitoring and enforcement strategies, including advice on
strategies for use of administrative and judicial remedies. Emphasis is placed
on timely and appropriate enforcement response to significant violations and
management of ongoing caseload to achieve equitable resolution and swift return
of violators to compliance. Cooperation with State enforcement agencies in pursuit
of timely and appropriate enforcement remedies and maintenance of an effective
Federal enforcement presence are important goals of this program.
Criminal Investigations This program element provides a nationally directed.
Regionally implemented system for the investigation and swift prosecution of suspec-
ted criminal violators of environmental statutes. A significant objective of this
program 1s to act as a deterrent to violation of environmental laws. The program
is operated in close cooperation with comparable State activities, where they
exist.
1-29
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TECHNICAL SUPPORT - OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING.
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,769,400 supported by 62.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,064,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,705,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $61,800 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, an increase of $73,400 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, and a decrease of 2.9 total workyears from 1986. The increases
reflect increased technical support costs. The decrease in workyears reflects a
shift to the criminal investigation program.
This program element covers the activities of the National Enforcement
Investigations Center (NEIC) with respect to support of all non-Superfund enforce-
ment actions. In 1987, NEIC will continue to provide case development support in
nationally managed cases having precedential implications, unique technological
requirements and complexity, multi-Regional impacts, and resource requirements
exceeding Regional capabilities. NEIC will continue implementation of rigorous
technical compliance monitoring procedures particularly with respect to groundwater
contamination, air toxics, and municipal and pretreatment compliance. Efforts will
continue to improve technical support to investigations and case preparation through
greater access to appropriate data bases, and improved technical investigative and
evidence audit support. Improved procedures for the development of cases under the
Safe Drinking Water Act with particular emphasis upon protection and restoration of
groundwater supplies and "imminent and substantial endangerment cases under Sec.
1431 will be instituted. Emphasis will be placed oh case file development and
evidence audits. Priority will be afforded to investigations, cases, and remedial
actions having potential for a high degree of environmental improvement. NEIC
will also continue to provide technical leadership in executing field and labora-
tory data analyses in support.of special studies involving crossmedla geographic
initiatives.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,634,200 supported by 65.4
total workyears for this program, of which $3,002,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,631,900 is from the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation.
In 1986, NEIC's operations Include the following support to media specific
activities: support to civil and criminal cases potentially leading to Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) prosecutions; development of computerized
information searches for RCRA preliminary investigations, and extensive laboratory
support to RCRA investigations; audit of contract performance of major Department
of Defense contractors engaged in hazardous waste transportation and disposal;
and provision of expert testimony }n cases developed in prior years. NEIC also
provides technical support in the effort to gain control of the Illegal blending
of hazardous wastes with domestic fuel oil burned In low temperature boilers.
NEIC support to enforcement of the Clean Water Act 1n 1986 involves laboratory
analysis and technical expert testimony for civil and criminal actions; conduct
of technical information searches for Regional investigations; support of ground-
water protection by providing laboratory analysis, strategy, and policy reviews;
conduct of evidence audits in support of the pretreatment Initiative; provision
of technical leadership in cases of large, complex municipal treatment facilities
which are malfunctioning or failing to meet permit limitations; and support of
field studies required by special crossmedla geographic initiatives.
1-30
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NEIC support to the Clean Air Act enforcement program during 1986 Includes
laboratory support to -enforcement cases; computerized information searches; auto
tampering investigations; and laboratory support to the mobile source lead-in-gas
program.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,025,900 supported by 61.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,478,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,547,600 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
In all statutory areas, case preparation activities, and technical support to
enforcement actions against significant violators were provided. Particular em-
phasis was placed on support to the RCRA program, including auditing contractor
performance on hazardous waste transportation and disposal, and work on illegal
fuel blending. Emissions monitoring protocols and requirements were developed and
testing for violations of National Emission Standards for Hazardous A1r Pollutants
continued. Tampering and defect surveys were conducted. Substantial increases
were provided in support to mobile source enforcement. The NEIC provided compliance
evaluations, performance audit inspections, multi-media inspections, and evaluations
of major publicly owned treatment works suspected of noncompllance, as well as
Clean Water Act case support. Technical assistance was also provided to the pesti-
cides and toxics enforcement efforts, with particular emphasis on PCB's and manage-
ment of Confidential Business Information in TSCA case preparation.
ENFORCEMENT POLICY AND OPERATIONS
1987 Prog ram [Request
The Agency requests $13,825,400 supported by 291.7 total workyears for this
program, of which $13,475,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $350,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an-increase of $272,200 in Salaries and Expenses and $15,100 In
Abatement, Control and Compliance. There 1s no change in workyears. The in-
creases reflect support to accelerated enforcement activity including additional
support to swift and effective resolution of the ongoing judicial and administra-
tive caseloads.
At Headquarters, emphasis will be placed on development and use of enforcement
strategies which capture, where possible, the benefits of cross-media geographic
initiatives, with particular attention to hazards most threatening to long term
public health (eg. hazardous waste disposal, toxic substances and groundwater
protection). Legal enforcement resources will be devoted to continued policy
development, management of nationally significant cases and review of major judicial
enforcement actions to insure national consistency of Agency policy and statutory
interpretation. As in 1985 and 1986, Headquarters will continue expansion of its
program of direct referral of certain classes of cases to the Department of Justice,
to avoid any duplicative review. Monitoring and assessment of the implementation
of enforcement initiatives begun in 1985 and 1986 and adjustment or elabora-
tion of policy guidance as needed will continue (e.g. monitoring State and Federal
enforcement relationships, managing the Agency strategic planning process for
compliance and enforcement programs for all media, further testing of alternative
dispute resolution techniques).
Headquarters will continue support to Regions in management of new and ongoing
litigation through policy Interpretation, selective participation in critical
national cases, and management of contract resources to provide expert witnesses
for resolution of civil litigation. There will be continued implementation of
compliance planning and evaluation functions, with emphasis on the design of enforce-
ment strategies and initiatives and use of special studies to assess the current
effectiveness of environmental enforcement. Performance measures which gauge
Federal and State success in achieving environmental results will be refined.
Additionally, stewardship of the Agency's information base on judicial enforcement
activity and exploration of new and better ways to use that information base will
continue.
1-31
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The critical Regional concern in 1987 will be management of the ongoing docket,
since the consequences of delay are grave for environmental quality, and the docket
has grown in both size and complexity as a result of enforcement initiatives in
1985 and 1986. Lack of vigorous action by EPA to bring cases to closure is an open
invitation to a well-informed regulated community to adopt delaying tactics which
both prolong environmental harm and dilute deterrent impact*
Regional resources will have as their highest priorities in 1987 timely and
appropriate response to newly detected statutory violations (primarily initiation
of administrative or judicial actions against significant noncompliers) and swift
and effective resolution of ongoing enforcement actions. Statutory priorities will
include implementation of the reauthorized RCRA, particularly in corrective action
(both administrative orders and permits), continued enforcement of the National
Municipal and Pretreatment Policies, underground injection control permitting
and enforcement, air toxics and the consequences of ozone nonattainment in 1987,
asbestos demolition and PCB's. In addition, Regional resources will support the
criminal investigation program by moving appropriate cases to swift prosecutorial
action.
Significant energy will be devoted to continued participation in the State
Enforcement Agreements operated for their first year in 1985, with particular
attention paid to carrying through on the use of timely and appropriate enforcement
actions.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $13,538,100 supported by 291.7
total workyears for this program, of which $13,203,200 is from the Salaries and
Expense appropriation and $334,900 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The thrust of this program in 1986 is the maintenance of vigorous enforcement
and compliance monitoring partnerships with the States, to produce maximum environ-
mental results with the most effective combination of national policy direction and
Regional line management. Activities at Headquarters include monitoring of the
State-Federal partnership in enforcement of environmental laws; maintenance of the
legal policy guidance and case management for the criminal investigation program;
explicit articulation and updating of national enforcement priorities and legal
enforcement policies for major media programs; development and implementation of
enforcement strategies and initiatives; operation of the Strategic Planning and
Management System for Agency enforcement operations; management reviews of enforce-
ment performance; and support of Regional legal enforcement activities to insure
equity of treatment for the regulated community and a firm national enforcement
posture.
Regional legal enforcement resources are being devoted to resolution of ongoing
judicial and administrative cases, generation of civil referrals most likely to
improve environmental quality through returning significant violators to compliance,
and maintaining a credible presence.. Regional legal staff are working closely with
media and State counterparts to select appropriate strategies and choice of enforce-
ment tools. Legal time has been devoted to careful consultation early in the
compliance monitoring and enforcement process to hasten positive outcomes and
avoid protracted negotiation or litigation. The result has been generation of a
high number of enforcement actions which promise major compliance payoffs. To
capture these payoffs, a significant increase in Regional resources is being targeted
to the resolution of ongoing caseload and effective enforcement of the reauthorized
RCRA. Resources are generally shifting towards administrative enforcement, partic-
ularly in the complex areas of hazardous waste and toxics. Regional legal support
is also provided to the criminal investigation program.
1-32
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1985 Accompl i shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $12,980,800 supported by 276.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $12,671,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $309,400 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
The thrust of Headquarters resources 1n 1985 was further development and
evaluation of enforcement and compliance monitoring strategies to produce maximum
environmental results through the most effective combination of national policy
direction Regional line management and collaboration with the States. Particular
emphasis was given to policy development in areas of major statutory change, testing
and expansion of new strategies to support effective case resolution, and clarifica-
tion of methods for both clearly establishing enforcement goals and monitoring the
status of statutory compliance nationwide. The year 1985 marked the Inauguration
of national operation of the criminal Investigation program. This included
outstationing of investigators in all ten Regions, under central direction at NEIC,
coupled with legal policy guidance and case development support from Headquarters.
In 1985, Regional legal enforcement resources were devoted to vigorous judicial
and administrative enforcement, with particular emphasis on generating civil
referrals to bring significant noncompliers back into compliance and provide an
effective deterrent. For the same reasons, active support was provided to prosecu-
tion of criminal cases in the first year of national operation of the criminal
program. Substantial care was given to early consultation with media and State
colleagues, to produce the most appropriate enforcement response. In additon,
resources were used to support permit review and appeals in both the water and RCRA
programs. In addition, considerable emphasis was placed on the continued operation
of enforcement agreements with States which included clear articulation of timely
and appropriate responses to violations and ground rules for Federal oversight.
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS PROGRAM
1987 ^ Program i Request
In 1987, the Agency requests a total of $1,961,500 supported by 35.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $1,036,300 and 10.0 total workyears.
This Increase is to provide additional support for continued national operation of
the program.
In 1987, the criminal investigation program will continue to operate as a
national network, with particular emphasis on hazardous waste enforcement, in which
area there is likely to be a significant increase in criminal activity due to the
provisions of the reauthorized RCRA. The program will also stress close coordination
with administrative and civil judicial enforcement initiatives, to maximize both
the number of significant violators returned to compliance and the deterrent value
of a Federal criminal enforcement presence. This program will continue to work
closely with State criminal enforcement efforts, through the Northeast Hazardous
Waste Coordinating Committee and the National Association of Attorneys General.
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $925,200 supported by 25.0
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
In 1986, the program, 1s continuing its second year in operation as a national
enforcement presence. Approximately 60 percent of the program's emphasis is on
violations of RCRA; the water program is next with about 20 percent of the Agency's
investigations, followed by toxic substances 10 percent and air 10 percent. In
1-33
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its second year, the program has capitalized on experience to improve on the 1985
ratio of 1 indictment in 5 investigations to approximately 1 in 3. As the courts
have gained experience with cases of environmental crime, and are showing increased
willingness to hand down significant fines and sentences, the program's importance
as a deterrent is growing substantially.
1985 Accomp1ishments
In 1985, this program was included under Enforcement Policy and Operations.
1-34
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Toxic Substances
SECTION TAB
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Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
TOXIC SUBSTANCES TS-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Chemical Testing & Assessment TS-8
Scientific Assessment. TS-16
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance TS-17
Health Effects », TS-18
Environmental Engineering and Technology. TS-19
Environmental Processes and Effects TS-20
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance TS-23
Asbestos-in-Schools Loans and Grants....... TS-25
Asbestos-in-Schools Program Administration.. TS-26
Toxic Substances Strategies TS-28
Toxics Integration TS-31
Chemical Testing TS-3Z
Existing Chemical Review...... TS-34
New Chemi cal Revi ew TS-36
ENFORCEMENT
Toxic Substances Enforcement TS-40
Toxic Substances Enforcement.. TS-42
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants TS-44
TS-1
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APPROPRIATION
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries 4 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compli ance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Toxic Substances
$38,770.3 $39.8fi8.9 $39,859.9
$72,370.8 $28,662.9 $78,662.9
$13,463.5 $26,400.3 $24,808.5
$124,604.6 $94,952.1 $143,331.3
-$1,714.1 $38,145.8 $38,996.9 $851.1
-$3,382.6 $75,280.3 $28,875.7 -$46,404.6
-$1,066.4 $23,742.1 $21,455.1 -$2,287.0
-$6,163.1 $137,168.2 $89,327.7 -$47,840.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
767.3 796.6 804.8 804.B 792.5 -12.3
852.2 856.3 865.0 865.0 858.2 -6.8
$84,562.6 $94,151.1 $125,687.4 -$2.911.3 $122,776.1 $128,594.4 $5,818.3
Authorization for the Toxic Substances Control Act expired September 30, 1983, and
reauthortzation is pending
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Enacted in 1976, the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) provides the Agency
with a comprehensive set of authorities through which to deal with all aspects of
a chemical's lifecycle. TSCA's provisions cover over 60,000 existing chemicals
already in commerce when TSCA was passed and all new chemicals manufactured
since the establishment of the TSCA Inventory of Chemical Substances in 1979.
Initially, the establishment of programs to evaluate the risks and benefits of
new products took precedence over the establishment of programs to evaluate existing
products. In 1984, the emphasis began to shift toward dealing with the many complex
existing chemical problems. The existing chemicals review process has about 85
existing chemicals, as well as several existing chemical categories encompassing
many more chemicals, in some stage of problem characterization, information gather-
ing, risk assessment, or risk management.
The 1987 budget request continues to recognize the need to address risks posed
by existing chemicals while maintaining an effective new chemical program. In 1987,
six major activities will be emphasized; 1) reducing existing chemical risks,
2) crossmedia environmental problems, 3) adressing asbestos hazards, 4) new chemical
reviews, 5) compliance monitoring of existing regulations, and 6) research and devel-
opment.
Reduce Signi ficantRisks FromExisting Chemicals
The single overriding priority of the 1987 toxic substances program will be
the emphasis given to reducing significant risks from existing chemicals. This
emphasis is reflected in the Agency's 1987 priority list where the reduction of
risks from existing pesticides and existing industrial chemicals is the highest
priority. The Agency will address existing chemical problems using an EPA-wide
multi-statute approach in which TSCA may in some cases be the key information
gathering and analysis tool. In some cases, TSCA Section 6 or Section 9 may be the
most effective authority to deal with the problem; in other cases, other EPA statutes
may be the remedy of choice. In the toxic substances program, we will expand the
category approach to all aspects of the existing chemical programtesting, informa-
tion gathering, evaluation, and risk management. By looking at categories of
existing chemicals, we can better address the risks of potential substitutes for
problem chemicals, take actions that are equitable for all chemicals in that category
(both new and existing), and reduce the backlog of existing chemicals awaiting
action.
Support Important Cross-Media EnylronmentaJ^JP^obT^ems
There will be greater use of TSCA to support regulations controlling human
exposure to harmful chemicals taken under other programs. Consideration of the
information gathering and analysis needs of other offices will be an integral part
of TSCA activities. TSCA will support the Agency's groundwater efforts with emphasis
on volatile organic compounds, fertilizers, and septic tank discharges. He will
also continue support to the Agency's acutely toxic chemicals program by using TSCA
authorities and providing chemical expertise to update the list of acutely toxic
chemicals and chemical profiles published in 1986,
Address Hazards From Asbestos
The focus of the asbestos program in 1987 will be on providing technical
assistance to school officials, abatement contractors, architects, and engineers,
and helping to ensure adequate training and certification of contractors involved
TS-3
-------
in school asbestos abatement projects. The technical assistance program, operating
principally through EPA's Regional offices, will be maintained and we will continue
to work with States in developing State asbestos abatement contractor certification
programs. Five information and training centers will be 1n operation.
Prevent Risks From New Chemical Substances
In 1987, our emphasis in the new chemicals program will be on continuing to
operate a careful and efficient premanufacture review program that is responsive to
the workload demands generated by industry's submission of notices. Me expect to
receive about 1800 new chemical notices, the same level as 1986. There was a signi-
ficant increase in notices between 1984 and 1985 from 1200 to over 1700. This
increase was accommodated through productivity improvements in logging notices, in
the review process, and in the automation of information. We are now beginning to
receive test results on new chemicals from past voluntary testing agreements and
Section 5(e) orders requiring manufacturers to perform testing. It will be neces-
sary to begin evaluation of this data to determine if additional action is neces-
sary. There will be increased attention to coordinating new chemical reviews and
actions with other programs to ensure that decisions are consistent across the
Agency and that future environmental problems (e.g., air, water, disposal) are
prevented. New chemical actions will also be closely coordinated with the existing
chemical program.
Ensure Compliance with Toxic Substances Regulations
The major objective of the Toxic Substances enforcement program in 1987 is to
maintain an efficient and effective national compliance monitoring program with
appropriate coverage of all TSCA regulations. The enforcement program depends
heavily upon the assistance of State agencies which conduct compliance monitoring
inspections under the terms of cooperative enforcement agreements. The number of
participating States will remain at the 1986 level of 17; State programs will
continue to emphasize compliance monitoring of the asbestos-in-schools and PCB
regulations as well as newer rules such as the PCB transformer fires rule and the
asbestos worker protection rule. The Agency will also continue to emphasize labora-
tory Inspections and data audits, which help assure the integrity of scientific
testing data submitted to the Agency.
Research and. De^ejopjnejrit
The 1987 Toxic Substances Research and Development budget -request includes
resources to continue the development of information on the health and environment-
al effects of toxic chemicals, provide information on special human data needs,
perform research on structure activity relationship, extrapolation, dosimetry,
biological markers and on environmental risk assessment. Exposure monitoring
research will also continue. Transport, fate, and field validation efforts will
continue to provide information on the changes in and movement of chemicals in the
environment. In 1987, the biotechnology research program will be augmented to
provide additional Information on the effects of genetically engineered organisms.
Finally, support services will be continued for quality assurance, reference materi-
als, and risk and exposure assessment.
TS-4
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Budget Current Increase (+)
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease (-)
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs. 1986
IncrementalOutputs
Toxics Integration
Intermedia Priority Pollutant
Documents Produced 33 2 2
Existing Chemical Review .
Substantial Risk Notices/FYPs
Received 439 400 400 400
Test Studies Received .... 118 200 170 170
Chemical-Specific Evaluations
Underway , 83 85 85 85
Category Evaluations Underway.. 022 3 +1
Section 6 Rules: Proposed...... 2 11 4 3 -1
Section 5 SNUR: Proposed...... 203 3 -
Section 8 Rules: Proposed/Final 25 21 15 15
New Chemical Review
No. of New Chemicals Subject
to Proposed SNURs... 19 10 10 10
Toxic Substances Enforcement
Laboratory Inspections 26 25 45 45
Test Study Audits. 122 65 95 95
Inspections, Section 5 336 320 320 320
Inspections, Section 6:
PCB Inspections * 1,616 2,460 2,500 2,500
Asbestos Inspections ** 2,019 3,600 2,505 2,175
Inspections, Section 8, 494 340 340 340
Inspections, Section 13........ 586 - 700 700
Notices of Violation 1,136 2,269 1,430 1,350 -80
Administrative Orders 733 611 800 750 -50
Civil Litigation 6 20 6 6 -
Criminal Litigation 292 2 -
Cumulati ve Outputs
Chemical Testing
Initial ITC Actions 81 92 93 101 +8
Post-Initial ITC Actions 41 46 54 58 +4
Promulgated ITC Actions 002 17 +15
Other Testing Actions 32 6 11+5
Test Suidelines/GLPs Published. 94 96 98 100 +2
Existing Chemical Review
Chemical Advisories 6 15 8 10 +2
Section 6 Rules: Final........ 13 18 16 1.9 +3
Section 9 Referrals 174 6 +2
Section 5 SNURs: Final 003 6 +3
PCB Disposal Permits Reviewed. 31 42 41 51 +10
TS-5
-------
Budget Current Increase (+)
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease {-)
1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs. 1986
Cumulative Outputs * **
New Chemical Review
New Notices Received*** 6,301 6,701 8,101 9,901 +1,800
PMN Control Actions Taken****. 465 555 585 705 +120
No. of New Chemicals Subject
to Final SNURs.... 14 32 29 44 +15
* Includes Federal and anticipated State inspections.
** Includes Federal, contract, and anticipated State inspections.
*** Includes exemption notices.
**** Includes PMNs withdrawn in light of EPA concerns, voluntary testing and
voluntary controls.
TS-6
-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Chemical Testing & Assessment TS-8
Scientif-ic Assessment. TS-16
Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance. TS-17
Health Effects TS-18
Environmental Engineering and Technology.... , TS-19
Environmental Processes and Effects... TS-20
TS-7
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing & Assessment
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
{DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Chemical Testing &
Assessment - Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$151.2
$41.0
$192.2
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance -
Chemical Testing &
Assessment-Toxic
Substances
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$1.521.7
$3,384.2
$4,905.9
Health Effects -
Chemical Testing and
Asses sment-Toxi c
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$3,398.5
$6,772.8
$10,171.3
Efivl ronmental
Engineering &
Technology - Chemical
Testing & Assessment-
Toxic Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
$592.9
$378.9
$224.6
$522.6
$747.2
$1,504.3
$4,645.7
$6,150.0
$3,849.6
$10,883.8
$14,733.4
$224.6
$481.8
$706.4
$1,455.9
$4,503.4
$5,959.3
$3,868.0
$9,606.7
$13,474.7
$535.6 $632.8
$3,200.0 $2,872.2
-$9.7
-$20.6
-$30.3
-$62.6
$193.6
$256.2
$166.3
.$413.1
$579.4
-$27.2
.$123.4.
$214.9
$461.2
$676.1
$1,393.3
$4,309.8
$5,703.1
$3,701.7
$9,193.6
$12,895.3
$605.6
$2,748.8
$209.7
$213.0
$422.7
$1,455.9
$4,381.1
$5,837.0
$3,402.0
$8,680.0
$12,082.0
$618.4
$2,575.0
-$5.2
-$248.2
-$253.4
$62.6
$71.3
$133.9
-$299.7
-$513.6
-$813.3
$12.8
-$173.8
TOTAL
$971.8 $3,735.6 $3,505.0 -$150.6 $3,354.4 $3,193.4 -$161.0
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PROGRAM
TOXTC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing * Assessment
ACTUAL
1985
RtlDfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
Bt)nGF.T
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIHATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
» Effects - Chemical
Testing and Assessment-
Toxic Substances
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research S Oevelopment
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Research % Development
Chemical Testing K
Assessment
$5,830.3
$2,886.6
$8,716.9
$11,494.6
$13,463.5
$5,539.6
$7,148.2
$12,687.8
$11,653.7
$26,400.3
$5,495.6
$7,344.4
$12,840.0
$11,676.9
$24,808.5
-$236.3 $5,259.3 $5,288.9 $29.6
-$315.7 $7,028.7 $5,606.0 -$1,422.7
-$552.0 $12,288.0 $10,8
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing & Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET
1986 REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
Assessment Toxic
Substance
Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Chemical
Testing & Assessment
Toxic Substances
Environmental Processes
4 Effects - Chemical
Testing and Assessment
Toxic Substances
TOTAL PERMANENT WQRKYEARS
9.1
91.3
173.8
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
10.5
88.2
10.0
85.2
185.4 187,5
10.0
85.2
10.0
85.7
187.5 177.5
0.5
-10.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Chemicals Testing &
Assessment - Toxic
Substances
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance -
Chemical Testing &
Assessment-Toxic
Substances
Health Effects -
Chemical Testing and
Assessment Toxic
Substances
3.3
24.5
55.4
4.0
26.7
65.1
4.0
26.7
65.1
4.0
26.7
65.1
4.0
26.7
62.6
-2.5
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ACTUAL
1985
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing & Assessment
BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
TOTAL HORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Envi ronmental
Engineering 8
Technology - Chemical
Testing & Assessment-
Toxic Substances
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Chemical
Testing and AssesSment-
Toxlc Substances
TOTAL WORKYEARS
10.7
100.2
194.1
10.5
11.3
93.8
93.3
200.1 200.4
11.3
93.3
11.3
91,8
200.4 196.4
-1,5
-4.0
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing and Assessment
Principal Outputs by Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1: Develop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies
o Journal article on avian detection and discrimination of chemicals in feed
(Env. Processes)
o Report on application of analytical methods for detecting organic compounds in
biological tissues (Monitoring)
o Journal article on analyses of azo dyes (Monitoring)
Objective2;Perform Health Research on Biological Markers, Dosimetry and Extrap-
olation' ! '
o Journal article on germ cell cytogenetic test systems (Health)
Objective 5; ..Perform. Engineering Research in Support of TSCA
o Interim program report for estimation of the potential for accidental and
deliberate release and worker exposure of RDNA from fermentation process
(Engineering)
o Evaluation of plastic barrier effectiveness, glove bag removal, and localized
vacuum removal of asbestos (Engineering)
Objective 6: Perform Exposu£e_Hpnitoring Research
o Interim report on pollutant sources and human exposure to toxic pollutants
using Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) data (Monitoring)
Objective 7; Develop Structure Activity Re]ationshipsData
o Journal article on the genotoxicity of acrylates in cultured mammalian cells
(Health)
Object 1 ve 8: Pe rfo rm Research on B1 otechno 1 pgy and(H_JkrobJIa 1 and B i ochemi ca1 Pest
Control 'Agents '*~"
o Journal article on recombination of DNA in plasmids and genomes of Bacilli
(Health)
Objective 9: PerformStudies on Ecotoxlcity and Develop EnvironmentalRisk Assess-
ment Protocols'
o Environmental risk assessment protocols and guidelines (Sci. Assessment)
Objective 10: Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies
o Annual report on asbestos audit program (Monitoring)
TS-12
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1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
ObjectiveJI: Develop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies
o Report on application of analytical methods for detecting organic compounds
in biological tissues (Monitoring)
o Report on techniques for effects and uptake of sediment-associated toxic
chemicals by benthic marine species (Env. Processes)
o Methods for extrapolating male rodent reproductive toxicity data to humans
(Sci. Assessment)
o Two immunotoxicity assays in animal models as part of a Tier Testing Proced-
ures for immune effects (Health)
Objective 2: Perform Research on Biological Markers, Dosimetry andExtrapolation
o Report on how to use newly developed predictive models for risk from asbesto*
form minerals (Health)
o Review and analyze the literature for 506 selected chemicals and establish a
data base to support assessment of genotoxicology (Health)
Objective 4:Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate and Fielji Val-
idation
*
o Project report on screening model to predict body burdens to calculate risk
from toxicant loads (Env. Processes)
Objective 5:Perform EngineeringResearch inSupport of TSCA
o Report describing technology and engineering assessments of genetically engin-
eered organisms (Engineering)
o Evaluations of procedures and methodology of asbestos abatement (Engineering)
Objective 6; Perform Exposure Monitoring Research
o Evaluation and standardization of dietary exposure as part of human exposure
program (Monitoring)
o Report on development and validation procedures for total exposure multi-
media models (Monitoring)
Objective 7: Develop Structure Activity Relationships Data
o Report on how to use molecular electrostatic potential for risk assessment
on chemically induced toxicity for one class of chemicals (Health)
o Report on SAR methods to predict major metabolites of industrial chemicals
(Env. Processes)
Objective 9: Perform Studies on Ecotoxicity and Develop EnvironmentalRisk Assess-
mentProtocols''!
o Work group project reports on environmental risk assessment (Sci. Assessment)
Objective 10: Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies
o Annual report on asbestos audit program (Monitoring)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
ssssxttsffisKssssasamssas
Objective 1; Deyg1_oj ajid Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies
o Journal article on cancer of the respiratory tract; Predisposing Factors
(Health)
TS-13
-------
o Report on evaluating the effects of feeding chemicals" to live prey in carnivore
feeding tests (Env. Processes)
Objective 2: Perform Health Research^ oni Biological Markers, Dosimetry jmdExtrap-
olation"~"
o Journal article on the use of hepatocytes as an activating system of rodent
whole embryo culture (Health)
Objective 4: Perform Research onBiologicalMarkers, Dosimetry and Extrapolation
o Ground and surface water modeling users guide (Env. Processes)
o Final report on the comparison of biodegradation from microcosms to field
systems (Env. Processes)
Objective 5: Perform Engineering Research in Supportof TgCA
o Report on industrial process profile for environmental use for polymer pro-
cessing (Engineering)
o Report on industrial process profile for environmental use for plastics and
resin processing industry (Engineering)
Objective 6; Perform Exposure Honitoring Research
o Annual report of research activities and methods development at the Exposure
Monitoring Test Site (EMTS) (Monitoring)
o Field report on TEAM Study Phase II (Monitoring)
Objective 7: Develop^ Structur0 Actjlyity Relationships Data
o Report oh azoreductase studies (Health)
Objective 10;Provide Support Servicejt for TSCA Studies
o Annual report quality control sample program EPA repository for Toxic and
Hazardous Materials (Monitoring)
o Annual report on asbestos audit program (Monitoring)
TS-14
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing and Assessment
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $32,430,000 supported by 196.4 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $2,486,900 and a decrease of 4.0 total workyears from
1986. Of the request, $10,974,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $21,455,100 will be for the Research and Development appropriation,
decreases of $199,900 and $2,287,000, respectively.
P rog r am De scrj pt ion
The Chemical Testing and Assessment research program supports the Office of
Toxic Substances (OTS) by providing the scientific tools to implement the Toxic
Substances Control Act (TSCA).
Object i ye 1: DfiveToj) and Validate ! Test Methods for TSCA Studies. This re-
searcFlievel ops and val i dates health and en vi ronmental testi ng protocol s to be in-
corporated into TSCA Section 4 guidelines, risk assessment methods, and analytical
methods for identifying and quantifying environmental pollutants.
Ob jecti ve 2; Perform Health Research on Bjol ogi cal Markers , DpsJ met ry and
_Extraj)pjiat_1_6n . This effort develops methods fbF extra po Tat i n g from high to low
doses between mammalian species to enhance risk assessment predictability and
capability. Research also focuses on defining the relationships between biochem-
ical indicators of exposure to neurotoxi cants and behavioral dysfunctions.
Objective 3: Provide Information on Special Human Data Needs. This activity
focuses on investigations of human populations exposed to envi ronmental pollutants.
Objective 4; Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate, and field
Validation^ th'i s research focuses on devel opi ng and conducting exposure and hazard
assessments of chemicals In water, air, and multimedia environments. Work focuses
on inclusion of identified transport and transformation processes, pathways of
exposure, population characteristics, environmental features and hazard assessment
techniques. Emphasis is being placed on improving methods and data, and on
defining limits of applicability of models.
Objective 5; Perform Engineering Research in Support of TSCA. Research in
this area focuses on the development of models to predict the release of and expo-
sure to new and existing chemicals. This research addresses those classes of
chemicals for which the Agency does not have adequate information on the degree to
which existing control systems limit their release, resulting in more effective
Pre-Manufacture Notification (PMN) decisions.
Abjective 6 : Perform Exposu re Monitori ng Research . This research establishes
the eWi ronmelrvEal methods data bases and statistical tools to improve exposure
monitoring for OTS. Multimedia monitoring methods, sample designs and data anal-
ysis techniques are also designed and tested to support human exposure monitoring
programs for regulatory concerns about chemical mixtures.
Ob jecti i ve 7; Devel op Structure Acti vlty Rel at1 1 onshJ ps Pata . These efforts
devel op predictive methods (structure activity relationships) to provide a tool
for determining whether new chemicals pose unreasonable risk or require further
testing.
TS-15
-------
Objective 8; Perform Research on Bljytechnejogy and Mlcroblal and Biochemical
Pest Control Agents'! Research in this area is developing methods to assess the
potenti al heal th and environmental hazards of biotechnology products. Additionally,
methods are being developed to contain and destroy genetically engineered organisms
from manufacturing processes.
Objective9; Perform Studies on Ecotoxlclty and DevelopEnvironmental Risk
Assessment Protocols",' This effort focuses on development of methodologies and
models to determine risks posed to ecosystems by exposure to environmental pollu-
tants. The program is currently developing environmental risk assessment protocols
for both aquatic and terrestrial systems and will be used in evaluating risks from
both new and existing chemicals.
Objective 10: Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies. This research pro-
vides support for risk andexposureassessment, quality assurance, dissemination
of reference standards and quality assurance reagents as well as expert consulta-
tion on problems associated with the evaluation of PMN chemicals.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1987 Prog ram Reg ue st
The Agency requests a total of $422,700 supported by 4,0 total workyears for
this program, of which $209,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $213,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation. This repre-
sents decreases of $5,200 and $248,200, respectively, and no change in total work-
years. These decreases reflect the completion of a number of assessment methods
for toxics as well as the initial phase of environmental risk assessment protocols.
Develop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies. The 1987 Scientific
Assessment program willcontinue to develop assessment methods for reproductive
dysfunction in humans caused by exposure to environmental chemicals.
Perform Studie| on Ecotoxlcity and ..Develop Environmental Risk Assessment
P rotocpTs. Sci entif Tc assessment suppo rt wi 11 confi nue for'the development of
environmental risk assessment protocols for both aquatic and terrestrial eco-
systems. Draft protocols developed in 1986 will be completed.
Provide Support Services forTSCA Studies. Scientific assessment support
will contihue for preparation, consulfationi ₯nd review of OTS-generated assessments
of cancer, mutagenicity, adverse reproductive/developmental effects, and exposure.
These activities will support decision making under TSCA (existing chemicals pro-
gram, PMN review, and test guidelines development).
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $676,100 supported by 4.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $214,900 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $461,200 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
The 1986 program is continuing to provide support for preparation and review of
risk and exposure assessments, development of assessment methods as well as new
efforts to develop protocols for environmental risk assessments. Particular
emphasis is being given to the development of risk assessment procedures for
low-dose exposures and metabolic pathways.
1985 Accpmp 11 shjnents
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $192,200 supported by 3.3 total
workyears for this program, of which $151,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $41,000 was from the Research and Development appropriation. In
1985, assessment support was provided for methylene chloride, formaldehyde and
dioxins. A conference was held on genetically altered viruses in the environment.
TS-16
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MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,837,000 supported by 26.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,455,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $4,381f100 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents increases of $62,600, and $71,300, respectively, and no change in
total workyears. The increases reflect adjustments to the 1986 base as part-of
government-wide deficit reductions.
Deyelop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA. Studles. Efforts will also con-
tinueto develop andevaluatebiologicaland chemical techniques to identify and
quantify pollutants in both humans and the environment. Pattern recognition proce-
dures will be developed to identify pollutants from analytical spectra. Analytical
techniques will be developed to detect pollutants in foods, and immunochemical
procedures will be evaluated. This research will provide techniques for accurate
monitoring of exposures to toxic chemicals. Enzyme induction bioassays will also
be evaluated as indicators of human exposures to complex organic compounds.
Efforts will also develop and validate effective and economical analytical method-
ologies for asbestos and other fibers.
_Perform Exposure Monitor ing Research. Research in this area will develop
monitori rigsystems to estimate liuman exposure to pollutants via multiple pathways
using the TEAM approach. Statistical tools and data analysis techniques will be
developed to conduct surveillance and total exposure monitoring and model pollutant
exposure and to produce predictive techniques in the Human Exposure Assessment
Location (HEAL) project. This research will improve exposure assessment capabil-
ities for regulatory efforts.
Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies. Monitoring and quality assur-
ance support will continue for the production of reference standards and quality
assurance reagents in environmental and biological matrices for routine monitoring
systems. Quality assurance guidelines will be produced for survey design, sample
collection and sample analysis and dietary exposures. Laboratory audits will be
conducted and guidelines will be developed to evaluate total exposure models.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,703,100 supported by 26.7
total workyears for this program, of which $1,393,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,309,800 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. The 1986 program is continuing support for exposure monitoring, develop-
ing analytical methods and providing quality assurance support and standard refer-
ence materials. Particular emphasis is being given to conducting field investi-
gations under the HEAL project.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $4,905,900 supported by 24.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $1,521,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,384,200 was from the Research and Development apppropriation.
In 1985, reports were prepared on interlaboratory evaluation of the toxicity assay,
the asbestos audit program, and Phase II of, the TEAM study.
TS-17
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HEALTH EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,082,000 supported by 62.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,402,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $8,680,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents decreases of $299,700 and $513,600, respectively, and a decrease
of 2.5 total workyears. The decreases reflect the completion of a number of test
methods in support of TSCA Section 4 guidelines.
Developand Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies. Health research will
continueto developmethbdoTogtes and bioassays to detect and characterize neuro-
toxicity and reproductive toxicity associated with chemical exposures. Sensitive
methods will be developed to rapidly detect pulmonary carcinogens and promoters.
New methods will be developed to improve the sensitivity and broad spectrum
response of oncogenic cell transformation bioassays. Finally, biochemical and
physiological test methods for animal and in-vitro studies and biochemical indica-
tors of nervous system damage will be deveTdpedT
Perform Health ReseaTCJIi_.jon_^..IjMojk>g1 cal Markers,Dgsjimetry and Extrapolat ion.
Hea 1 th research TilTI prov^ from animal data
to human likelihood of mutagenesis and carcinogensis along with other potential
adverse health effects such as neurobehavioral, pulmonary, hepatic and reproductive
activities. Efforts will also provide predictive models for dose effects of a'sbes-
tiform minerals to determine dose effect response for mineral fibers such as
asbestos and proposed substitutes.
P rovi de I nf o.rmat i on on Sgeci al Human Pata Needs. This research will investi-
gate pop u1at ion gr oup s exposed to environmental contaminants which are suspect
toxicants for particular organ systems to determne if biological indicators of
dose and/or effects are related to environmental levels of exposure and if they
are correlated to adverse effects measured by traditional methods.
Develop Structure Activity Relationships Data. Structure Activity Relation-
shipsHfSiSfi) inetfioets""and scientific data bases wi 11 be developed which allow an
accurate prediction of carcinogenic and mutagenic effects of chemicals based on
structural, physiochemical, topographical, mechanistic and electronic parameters.
A report on SAR pattern recognition techniques for genotoxic effects as well as a
combined data base management system for predicting genotoxic effects of chemicals
will be provided.
Perform Research on Biotechnology and Microbial and BiochemicalPestControl
Agents"!Health research studies will be conducted to determine thegeneticsta-
bility and function of a baculovirus expression vector in vertebrate cells. A
computerized data base will be developed which compiles the known characteristics
of genetically engineered biological material, and a study will be initiated on
the mechanism and frequency of genetic exchange of plasmids between related
Bacillus species.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $12,895,300 supported by 65.1
total workyears for this program, of which $3,701,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $9,193,600 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. The 1986 program is continuing to provide support for the development
of test methods in support of TSCA Section 4 test guidelines, and to perform re-
search on extrapolation and biological markers. Major new initiatives are being
undertaken on human exposure, reproductive toxicity, biotechnology and extrapo-
lation research.
TS-18
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1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $10,171,300 supported by 55.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,398,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,772,800 .was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, journal articles were produced on an electrophysiological test battery for
assessing the effects of exposure to toxic chemicals as well as on the use of
hepatocytes as an activating system of rodent whole embryo culture.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,193,400 supported by 11.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $618,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $2,575,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $12,800 and a decrease of $173,800, respectively,
and no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions. The
decrease in Research and Development reflects the completion of studies on release
and controls of several chemicals such as azo dyes.
Perform Engineering Researchin Support- of TSCA. Engineering efforts will
continue todevelop techniquesto assess the potential for toxic releases and
exposures from processing and manufacturing of new chemicals, as well as assess
production unit operations. Research will also provide mathematical models for
predicting permeation of liquid chemicals through common polymer gloves and eval*
uate the degree of protection from chemicals given by various respirators. Re-
search will be performed on the treatability of new chemicals, and alternatives
will be identified and evaluated to mitigate release and exposure of specific
existing chemicals. Additional research will provide necessary information on
chemical releases and exposure in support of TSCA new and existing chemical
control efforts.
Perform ResearchonBiotechnology and Micrpbial and Biochemical Pest Control
AgentJI Feasibility studies will be conducted on fault tree analysis techniques
forassessing the potential for release of process materials from conventional
fermentation process equipment. This information will contribute to the data base
on the release of genetically engineered organisms in support of the TSCA PMN
review process.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,354,400 supported by 11.3
total workyears for this program, of which $605,600 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $2,748,800 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. The 1986 program is continuing to develop information on release and
control measures for new and existing chemicals, as well as expanding its work
on the containment and destruction of genetically engineered organisms.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $971,800 supported by 10.7 total
workyears for this program, of which $592;900 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $378,900 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, a report was prepared on industrial process profiles for environmental use
for polymer processing as well as on fault tree analysis techniques for assessing
the potential for releases of process materials from fermentation processes.
TS-19
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,894,900 supported by 91.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,288,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $5,606,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $29,600 and a decrease of $1,422,700, respectively,
and a decrease of 1.5 total workyears. The increase in Salaries and Expenses
reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions.
The decrease in Research and Development reflects the completion of a number of
test methods in support of TSCA Section 4 guidelines.
Develop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies. Environmental research
will continue to develop and evaluate test methods for defining toxicity of chemi-
cals to aquatic (freshwater and marine) and terrestrial species. Bioavailability
tests for sediment bound toxics in freshwater and estuarine species will be
developed. Methods to use fish as carcinogen and teratogen species will be vali-
dated. Finally, methods to evaluate chemical effects on egg viability in avian
species will be developed and validated. Such information supports TSCA Section 4
guidelines for testing of chemicals.
Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate and Field Validation.
Envirbnmental processes research will continue to provide support for TSCA activi-
ties through studies of toxicity, and fate and transport of chemicals in aquatic,
terrestrial and air environments. Additional research will be designed to evaluate
exposure models in laboratory model ecosystems and field situations.
.Develop StructureActivityRelationshipsData. Environmental processes re-
search willinclude thegeneration of environmental fate and effects data on typical
PMN chemical types, documentation of test results of PMN analogs, and development
of structure activity methodologies and other estimation techniques for predicting
fate and effects of chemicals.
Perform Research on Biotechnology and Microbial and Biochemical Pest Control
AgentJI Environmentalprocesses research will 'develop methods, analytical; tech*
mques and testing protocols for estimating survival, fate and effects of geneti-
cally altered microbes and the stability within their genetic pool. Research will
also determine the probable hazards associated with modified microbes used in
testing or proposed for industrial application. This information will aid OTS in
reviewing PMN applications for products of biotechnology. Adequate methodologies
for evaluating such organisms do not currently exist.
Perform Studies on Ecotoxicity and Develop EnvironmentalRisk Assessment
Protocols.Environmentalprocesses researchwillfocuson the developmentoT
environmental risk assessment methodology for toxics by integrating exposure and
hazardous assessment data to determine the probability of risk to important popula-
tions. Aquatic and terrestrial exposure assessment data for risk models and hazard
assessment models (relating single species tests to natural population) will also
be developed. Availability of environmental :risk methods will substantially
improve the Agency's ability to regulate chemicals under Sections 4 and 5 of TSCA.
Provide SupportServices for TSCA Activities. Environmental processes efforts
will continue "to support OTS on complex problems associated with the evaluations of
PMN chemicals, including products of biotechnology. Support for development of
TSCA test rules will also continuing.
TS-20
-------
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $12,288,000 supported by 93.3
total workyears for this program, of which $5,259,300 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $7,028,700 is from the Research and Development appro-
priation. The 1986 program is continuing the development of test methods in
support of TSCA Section 4 guidelines, research on transport, fate and field valida-
tion, and development of structure-activity relationships data. New work is being
performed on the development of environmental risk assessment methods, as well as
research to determine the environmental effects of genetically engineered organisms.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $8,716,900 supported by 100.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $5,830,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,886,600 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
In 1985, reports were prepared on the comparison of biodegradation from microcosms
to field systems.
TS-21
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Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Abatement and
Control
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance.... TS-23
Asbestos-ih-Schools Loans and Grants.. TS-25
Asbestos-1n-5chools Program Administration....................... TS-26
Toxic Substances Strategies TS-28
Toxics Integration TS-31
Chetnical Testi ng » TS-32
Existing Chemical Review .. TS-34
New Chemical Revi ew, , ,..,.... TS-36
TS-22
-------
PROGRAM
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
U
Asbestos- In-Schools-
Loans And Grants
Abatement Control and
Compl1ance
$41,310.8
TOTAL $41,310.8
Asbestos-In-Schools-
Program Administration
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$4,429.3
TOTAL $4,429.3
$46,000.0 -$1,978.0 $44,022.0
$46,000.0 -$1,978.0 $44,022.0
-$44,022.0
-$44,022.0
$537.4 $537.4
$4,000.0 -$172.1 $3,827.9 $3,500.0 -$327.9
$4,000.0 -$172.1 $3,827.9 $4,037.4
$209.5
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl1ance
Toxic Substances -
Financial Assistance
$45,740.1
TOTAL $45,740.1
$537.4 $537.4
$50,000.0 -$2,150.1 $47,849.9 $3,500.0 -$44,349.9
$50,000.0 -$2,150.1 $47,849.9 $4,037.4 -$43,812.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Asbestos-In-School s-
Program Administration
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE f
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Asbestos-In-Schools- 12.0 12.0
Program Administration
TOTAL WORKYEARS 12..0 12.0
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Financial Assistance
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $4,037,400 supported by 12.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $43,812,500 and an Increase of 12.0 total workyears from
1986. Of the request, $537,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $3,500,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $537,400 and a decrease of $44,349,900 respectively.
Program DescrlptiQri
The major programs under this subactivity include:
Asbestos-1n-Schoo1s Loans and Grants This program provides financial assist-
ance to public and private schools, with demonstrated financial need and asbestos
hazards, for purposes of undertaking asbestos abatement projects. Funding for this
program is authorized under the Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act (ASHAA) of
1984,
iA£besJiipj.-in-:Schopj-si Program..Admin 1_sJ^r_at_lQn_'-- The objective of this program
is toHi^ nYster^aprocessTfbr''assessing the el 1 g1 b 111 ty of applicants for financial
assistance and making grants or loan awards as authorized under ASHAA. In addition
to administering a loan and grant process, this program also supports programs that
provide technical assistance to individuals and organizations Interested in address-
ing asbestos hazards. Activities include providing technical advice, primarily
through £PA Regional offices, working with States to develop State certification
programs for asbestos abatement contractors, and establishing regional asbestos
information and training centers.
ASBESTOS-IN-SCHOOLS LOANS AND GRANTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency Is not requesting additional funding to provide asbestos abatement
financial assistance to schools since funding for abatement projects does not repre-
sent the most effective use of Federal resources. These activities should be the
primary responsibility of State and local governments.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $44,022,000 for this program all
of which is in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1986, loans and grants will be provided' to eligible schools and school
districts based on evaluations of candidate projects. EPA will use information
made available from applicants and States, in addition to information collected by
EPA from on-site inspections, to evaluate and select projects for funding.
1985 Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $41,310,800 all in the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.
TS-25
-------
On June 6, 1985, EPA offered $45,000,000 in financial assistance under the
Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act (ASHAA) to needy schools for the purpose of
undertaking asbestos abatement projects. Awards were distributed for 417 abate-
ment projects in 340 individual schools in 198 local education agencies. These
funds were appropriated in 1984 and within nine months, EPA had met the statutory
deadline for issuing loan and grant offers.
Implementation of ASHAA required close coordination between Headquarters,
State officials, and Regional staff. In early 1985, State officials collected,
sorted, and submitted applications to EPA, providing a preliminary ranking of
projects. Applications were carefully reviewed by the Agency using both hazard
inspectors, who visited all selected projects before funds were released, and
Headquarters staff, who evaluated these applications individually. Follow-up on
funded projects will continue into 1986.
ASBESTOS-IN-SCHOOLS PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,037,400 supported by 12.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $537,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $3,500,000 will be for ttie Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of $537,400 and a decrease of $327,900 respectively
and an increase of 12.0 total workyears. The increases result from a transfer
of resources from other programs. The decrease results from a lower requirement
to start new State contractor certification programs.
In 1987, EPA will focus on the technical assistance program originally set
up in 1979. We will continue to provide abatement advice, principally through
the Regional offices, to school officials, abatement contractors, architects, and
engineers, as well as building owners and managers. We will continue to work with
State governments to expand the number of contractor certification programs to
ensure adequate training and certification of contractors involved in asbestos
abatement activities. Five regional 'information and training centers will be in
operation in 1987 at the University of Kansas, Tufts University, Georgia Institute
of Technology, the University of Illinois, and the University of California. We
will continue to refine guidelines to assist the public in identifying situations
in which asbestos-containing materials present a serious risk and which should be
corrected.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,827,900 for this program all
of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Salaries
and Expenses -and total workyears are budgeted in the Existing Chemical Review
program.
The funds allocated to this program are being made available through the
administrative set-aside provisions of the Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act.
Fifteen additional State abatement contractor certification programs are being
supported. Two additional information and training centers will begin operation,
to make a total of five. Other training programs for asbestos abatement contractors
and workers are being supported by grants to trade associations, such as the National
Asbestos Council, and by training private vendors (whose courses will then be
subject to EPA audit). The asbestos technical assistance program will continue to
collect state-of-the-art information for dissemination through updated guidance
materials. In addition, we plan to issue rules to restrict commercial uses of
asbestos fibers, and to promulgate a rule to protect public employees from exposure
during asbestos abatement. An efficacy study will be completed which will evaluate
TS-26
-------
airborne levels of asbestos fibers before, during, and after an abatement project,
both within and outside of the building structure.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total $4,429,300, all of which was from the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These funds were made available
through the administrative set-aside provision of the Asbestos School Hazard Abate-
ment Act. Salaries and Expenses and total workyears were budgeted under the Exist-
ing Chemical Review program.
During 1985, EPA made substantial progress in improving its asbestos technical
assistance program. Three information and training centers were opened in Atlanta,
Boston, and Kansas City. A model asbestos abatement training course was developed
and distributed to every state. Grants to 12 States were awarded to support
establishment of contractor certification programs. Several new guidance docu-
ments were issued including EPA's major document on the identification and con-
trol of asbestos in buildings; a document for maintenance and custodial employees;
and guidance for the collection of bulk samples in buildings. Finally, EPA began
work on identifying and supporting good sources of training for abatement contrac-
tors, architects, engineers, and others who are concerned with proper identification
and control of asbestos in buildings.
TS-27
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
ACTUAL
1985
PROGRAM
Toxics Integration
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Chemical Testing
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Existing Chemical
Review
Salaries £ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
New Chemical Review
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl i ance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIHATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$681
$1,064
$1,745
-
$5,095
$7,677
$12,772
$7,116
$9,599
$16,716
$8,634
$5,534
$14,169
$21,527
$23,876
.2
.4
.6
.0
.9
,9
.5
.8
.3
.7
.7
.4
.4
.8
$624
$731
$1,355
$3,891
$4,908
$8,800
$7,885
$10,760
$18,646
$9,126
$7,637
$16,763
$21,527
$24,037
.0
.1
.1
.9
.3
.2
.7
.3
.0
.0
.7
.7
.6
.4
$624.0
$731.1
$1,355.1
$3,891.9
$4,908.3
$8,800.2
$7,964.7
$10,760.3
$18,725.0
$9»051.0
$7,637.7
$16,688.7
$21,531.6
$24,037.4
-$26
-$31
-$58
-$167
-$211
-$378
-$342
-$462
-$805
-$389
-$328
-$717
-$926
-$1,033
.9
.4
.3
.4
.1
.5
.5
.7
.2
.3
.4
.7
.1
.6
$597
$699
$1,296
$3,724
$4,697
$8,421
$7,622
$10,297
$17,919
$8,661
$7,309
$15,971
$20,605
$23,003
.1
.7
.8
.5
.2
.7
.2
.6
.8
.7
.3
.0
.5
.8
$3,912.5
$4,008.3
$7,920.8
$7,856.4
$10,104.8
$17,961.2
$9,043.3
$7,237.1
$16,280.4
$20,812.2
$21,350.2
-$597.1
-$699.7
-$1,296.8
$188.0
-$688.9
-$500.9
$234.2
-$192.8
$41.4
$381 .6
-$72.2
$309.4
$206.7
-$1,653»6
Compliance
Toxic Substances
Strategies
TOTAL $45,404.2 $45,565.0 $45,569.0 -$1,959.7 $43,609.3 $42,162.4 -$1,446.9
-------
(D
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
PERMANENT MORKYEARS
Toxics Integration
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical-
Review
New Chemical Review
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Toxics Integration
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical
Review
New Chemical Review
TOTAL WORKYEAPS
ACTUAL
1985
9.7
103.0
149.8
188.2
450.7
12.1
109.0
171.6
207.0
499.7
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
8.0
81.0
168.6
195 .6
453.2
12.8
86.0
179.1
209.6
487.5
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
8.0
81.0
170.1
195.6
454.7
12.8
86.0
180.6
209.6
489.0
8.0
81.0 80.0
170.1 166.6
195,6 194.6
454.7 441.2
12.8
86.0 86.0
180.6 178.6
209.6 209.6
489.0 474.2
-8.0
-1.0
-3.5
-1.0
-13.5
-12.8
-2.0
-14.8
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $42,162,400 supported by 474.2 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,446,900 and 14.8 total workyears from 1986. Of the
request, $20,812,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$21,350,200 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
an increase of $206,700 and decrease of $1,653,600 respectively.
Program ..
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Toxics Integration -- The major objective of the Toxics Integration program
was to aid the Agency in formulating policy and making decisions concerning toxic
chemicals in a technically sound and consistent manner. This function was performed
by a small staff which provided overview of activities conducted in the Office of
Toxic Substances (OTS) and coordinated information exchange within the Agency on
these activities. As a result of a 1985 reorganization in the Office of Toxic
Substances, these responsibilities, resources, and functions were dispersed through-
out the three major TSCA programs. This will allow necessary integration activities
to be directly linked with the specific programs they support. The Toxics Integra-
tion program element is eliminated in 1987; however, the activities are integrated
as appropriate into the three major TSCA program elements.
Chemical Testing The Chemical Testing program is the focal point for deve-
loping and accumulating data on existing chemicals. Section 4 of TSCA allows EPA
to require testing of specific chemicals or'mixtures when insufficient data 'is
available to determine health and environmental effects. This testing decision is
based on a determination that a chemical may pose an unreasonable risk or that it is
produced in substantial quantities which may result in significant human exposure or
environmental release.
EPA must respond within one year to the Interagency Testing Committee's (ITC)
lists of chemicals designated for priority testing consideration. Those lists are
published twice yearly. While ITC testing designations are given priority consid-
eration, EPA can require testing on other chemicals of concern. The testing program
emphasizes the importance of obtaining test data as quickly as possible and ensuring
that data is of high quality and defensible for regulatory purposes. This requires
the publication of acceptable test methodologies and good laboratory practices as
well as conducting a comprehensive laboratory/data audit program.
Exi stjng Chemical Review The Existing Chemical Review program encompasses
the more than 60,000 chemicals in commerce when TSCA was passed and all new chemi-
cals manufactured since then. There are some 63,000 chemicals now listed on the
TSCA Inventory of Chemical Substances. The goal of the program is to reduce
significant risks to society from these chemicals. To accomplish this EPA (1)
looks at known information on existing chemicals, (2) determines whether there
might be a problem associated with the chemical, (3) assesses the magnitude of the
problem, (4) decides what to do about it, and (5) translates the solution into
action. This process of evaluating a chemical's risks as it moves through the
review cycle is referred to as the existing, chemical program.
TSCA authority over existing chemicals is broad. It Includes Section 4, which
allows EPA to order testing: Section 8, which permits us to gather information
which is already available to manufacturers and processors; Section 6, which allows
us to control a chemical at any stage in its life cycle or ban it completely; and
Section 9, which requires us to refer a chemical to another regulatory Agency if we
TS-30
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determine that the agency has adequate authority. The significant new use provisions
of Section 5, as well as non-regulatory chemical advisories are also used to address
certain existing chemical problems,
New Chemical Review The New Chemical Review program reflects the preventive
philosophy of TSCA by reviewing the potential effects of all new chemicals before
they are manufactured or imported. Manufacturers and Importers are required to
submit to the Agency a 90-day advance notification of their intent to manufacture
or import a new chemical substance. The objective of the program is to conduct
meaningful reviews on all new chemical notices and take prompt action on those
that require additional data or pose concerns potentially warranting control. The
Section 5(h)(4) exemption provision allows EPA to exclude low risk chemicals from
full review requirements. The authorities of Section 5(a)(2) enable the Agency
to extend Section 5 coverage to protect against risks as new chemicals develop.
EPA imposes a variety of control actions on new chemicals of concern. These
actions include voluntary actions on the part of the submitter, withdrawal of the
notice, and issuance of Section 5(e) and 5(f) orders. Section 5(e) orders are
issued when inadequate data are available to evaluate the health and environmental
risks posed by a new chemical and when the chemical "may present" an unreasonable
risk or will be produced in substantial quantity and will have substantial human
exposure or environmental release. The majority of these orders are made with the
"consent" of the PMN submitter and result in limited manufacture of the substance,
albeit with restrictions, until more definitive information is obtained. The
authority of Section 5(f) is invoked when a chemical is found to present an unrea.-
sonable risk. This may result in the promulgation of an Immediately effective
Section 6(a) rule which bans production of the chemical.
TOXICS INTEGRATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency is not requesting any dollars or total workyears for this program
element in 1987. This represents decreases of $597,100 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $699,700 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation
and a decrease of 12.8 total workyears. Toxics Integration program activities and
functions will be transferred to the Existing Chemical Review, Chemical Testing
and New Chemical Review programs in 1987.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,296,800 supported by 12.8
total workyears for this program, of which $597,100 Is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $699,700 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The program continues to emphasize identification and coordination of cross-
media chemical issues and efforts to increase the utility of TSCA-generated data,
risk and exposure assessment tools, and TSCA authorities both within EPA and with
other Federal agencies. TSCA Information exchange with other EPA offices, States,
Regions, other Federal agencies and international organizations will continue.
State activities are coordinated through the National Governor's Association
and other organizations, while Federal agency activities are being coordinated
through a variety of mechanisms. International information exchange occurs through
participation in the International Program on Chemical Safety, the International
Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals and the Organization for Economic Coopera-
tion and Development Switchboard program. Shared information includes data collec-
ed under Section 4 testing and Section 8 information gathering as well as other
technical and scientific expertise gained through implementation of TSCA.
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1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,745,600 supported by 12.1 total
workyeafs of which $681,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$1,064,400 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1985, Toxics Integration activities focused on cross-media toxic pollution
problems and on providing mechanisms to promote inter-media coordination. Cross-
media chemical strategies were initiated or continued on polychlorinated biphenyls
disposal issues, hexachlorobenzene and methylene chloride. New areas of potential
cross-media support using TSCA authorities were identified for various EPA offices,
including the use of Section 8(d) by the Office of Solid Waste and Section 4 by the
Office of Air and Radiation.
Updates to the Intermedia Priority Pollutant documents were published. The
EPA Chemical Activity Status Report and the TSCA Test Submission System were main-
tained and are available to the public. Conversion of the Chemical Substances
Information Network (CSIN) to a microcomputer environment was completed and the
CSIN microsoftware was made available through the National Technical Information
Service in September 1985.
CHEMICAL TESTING
1987 Program^Rejiuejtt
The Agency "requests a total of $7,920,800 supported by 86.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,912,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,008,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $188,000 and a decrease of $688,900
respectively, and no change in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and
Expenses results from higher anticipated operating costs. The decrease in Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance is a result of changes 1n the test rule development
process.
*
In 1987, the Agency will emphasize streamlined, enforceable actions designed
to get testing underway as quickly as possible. Test data development activities
will include: publication of initial testing decisions on eight chemicals from the
17th and 18th ITC lists and one ITC recommended chemical from the 14th list.
Another 19 testing actions will be issued -- 15 will be final rules requiring
testing to begin. We will continue toward final test rulemaking action on two
non-ITC chemicalsdiethylene glycol butyl ether and dioxins and dibenzofurans.
We will begin test rule development on the category of glycol ethers. Testing
will fill data gaps identified by the Existing Chemical Review program and necessary
for risk assessment and regulatory purposes. We will also continue preliminary
work on an exposure-based test rule that will require health effects testing of
certain high-exposure chemicals identified through the Agency's human monitoring
program. :l
By the end of 1987, test rules will have been promulgated on 17 ITC chemicals.
As final test rules are published, the Agency will continue to process applications
for exemptions from testing. We will also continue to conduct data and laboratory
audit activities to ensure that TSCA test data are reliable and scientifically
sound. Support to other EPA programs will be provided as priority testing require-
ments are identified. In addition, TSCA Section 4 rulemaking records and industry
submissions will be shared with other EPA offices. The guidelines program will
continue at the level established in 1986. Data development activities will be
initiated for chemicals on the 19th and 20th ITC lists.
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,421,700 supported by 86,0
total workyears for this program, of which $3,724,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,697,200 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The Agency is considering the use of consent agreements as an enforceable
alternative to test rules. Such agreements would be used where a consensus on test-
ing requirements exists among EPA, manufacturers and/or processors, and interested
members of the public. In such circumstances, consent agreements can expedite the
initiation of testing while providing safeguards equivalent to those that would
apply under test rules. The consent agreements would assure that sanctions could be
imposed under TSCA's penalty provisions if agreedupon testing were not performed
and will trigger other key TSCA provisions, similar to a test rule.
A high level of testing activity is planned. During the year, data development
activities are being initiated for chemicals included on the 17th and 18th ITC lists.
Responses to the seven chemicals on the 15th ITC list were published between August
and November 1985 with test rules being proposed for five of those chemicals;
initial testing decisions will be issued in May 1986 on the 16th ITC list which
includes five chemicals. Another 15 testing actions will be issued two will
be final rules requiring testing to begin; the others (from earlier ITC lists)
will require another stage of rulemaking. Won-ITC chemical data development
activities are continuing on diethylene glycol butyl ether, and dioxins and
dibenzofurans. For the first time, the authority of Section 4 is being used to
propose priority testing for another EPA program in support of land disposal
restrictions under the 1984 Amendments to the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act. OTS is continuing Its participation in data audit activities to ensure that
test data are reliable and scientifically sound.
Test guideline activity continues at the 1985 level with publication of several
additional chemical fate and environmental effects test methods expected. Four
new guidelines, under development since 1984, are being published on site-specific
and generic microcosm methodologies.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $12,772,900 supported by 109.0 total
workyears, of which $5,095,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $7,677,900 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During 1985, testing actions were taken on a total of 23 chemicals. Initial
decisions included four chemicals on the 13th ITC list and five chemicals on the 14th
ITC list; testing will be required on four of the nine chemicals. Post initial and
final decisions included eleven actions: three proposed and eight final. The
Agency also acted on carbofuran intermediates, recommended by the ITC In its llth
list but not designated for response within one year; a decision not to require
testing was published. One non-ITC testing action was published: an advance
notice of proposed rulemaking on diethylene glycol butyl ether, a chemical identified
by the Existing Chemical Review program.
During 1985, EPA amended its two-phase rulemaking procedures to add a stream-
lined single-phase rulemaking process to expedite the development of test rules.
This approach has several advantages--1t shortens the rulemaking period to 24
months; expedites initiation of the required testing-,' eliminates the requirement
for industry to submit test protocols for approval; yet preserves the flexibility of
the two-phase process by allowing industry to submit alternative test methodologies
during the comment period.
Four new chemical fate guidelines were published in 1985. To date, EPA has
published a total of 94 test guidelines covering 110 test methods. The annual
review of published guidelines resulted in one guideline being updated.
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EXISTING CHEMICAL REVIEW
1987 Progrm Keque^t
The Agency requests a total of $17,961,200 supported by 178.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $7,856,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $10,104,800 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $234,200 and a decrease of $192,800
respectively, and a decrease of two total workyears. The increase in Salaries
and Expenses is a result of higher anticipated operating costs. The decrease
in Abatement, Control and Compliance will be possible through increased use of
category evaluations. The reduction in total workyears results from a decrease of
12 total workyears transferred to the Asbestos-in-Schpols Program Administration
program and an increase of ten total workyears for air toxics, groundwater, and
category evaluation activities.
TSCA will be used to support Agency efforts to address groundwater contamina*
tion and air toxics. We will determine the feasibility of using TSCA's information
collection provisions to obtain data on groundwater contamination by volatile
organic chemicals, fertilizers, and waste discharges from septic tanks. The Office
of Toxic Substances' modeling expertise will be used to predict areas which are.
vulnerable to groundwater contamination and to establish data collection priorities
for areas most likely to be contaminated. OTS will continue to provide support and
expertise to the air toxics strategy by developing site-specific criteria, and
revising the acute hazards list and chemical profiles.
In 1987, we will continue to emphasize the chemical category approach to
existing chemical problems. Regulatory issues of the past few years highlight the
importance and need for the assessment and regulation of chemicals by categories.
The issue of new chemical bias (unbalanced scrutiny of new chemicals compared to
existing ones) and the issue of how to address the risks posed by use substitutes
for regulated existing chemicals stem from regulation on a chemical-by-chemical ba-
sis. Category evaluations allow the Agency to examine both the existing and new
members of a category simultaneously rather than sequentially and to develop regu-
latory responses which address both. We will continue our efforts to characterize
risks associated with aromatic amines, epoxy resins, and respirable fibers cate-
gories; action on two other categories (i.e., a Section 4 test rule on glycol
ethers and a Section 5 significant new use rule on acrylates) is planned in the
Chemical Testing and New Chemical Review programs.
The existing chemicals program review process will continue to deal with an
estimated 85 chemicals in some stage of problem characterization, risk evaluation,
and risk management; most of these chemicals will have entered review prior to
1987. About 16 risk management actions are planned in 1987, These include Section
6 control actions, Section 9 referrals. Section 5 significant new use rules and
non-regulatory chemical advisories.
TSCA Information gathering authorities will be used to support assessment
activities on TSCA chemicals, as well as chemicals of concern to other EPA offices.
The Section 8(a) comprehensive assessment information rule (CAIR) will be published
in final form. This model rule will provide a comprehensive, standardized reporting
capability for all Agency offices. We will continue to identify and coordinate
cross-media chemical issues and to utilize TSCA to support other EPA programs and
Federal agencies. We will exchange TSCA information with other EPA offices, States,
Regions, other Federal agencies, and international organizations. Data base devel-
opment will include systems for the updated TSCA inventory and for CAIR.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $17,919,800 supported by 180.6
total workyears for this program, of which $7,622,200 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $10,297,600 is from the Abatement, Control and Compli-
ance appropriation.
TS-34
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The emphasis on dealing with existing chemical problems and the use of cate-
gory evaluations continues in 1986. Preliminary strategies have been developed
on acrylates, aromatic amines, glycol ethers, epoxy resins, and respirable fibers.
In 1986, we are implementing some elements of the control strategies for two cate-
gories by beginning to draft regulations; strategies for three categories are
undergoing further evaluation. The existing chemical program review process contin-
ues to look at individual chemicals as they come to our attention through TSCA's
screening provisions, maintaining approximately 80-85 chemicals in the process.
Risk management activities will focus on regulatory actions under Section 6 or
Section 9 on glycol ethers, metal working fluids, formaldehyde, methylene chloride,
and on the public and commercial uses of asbestos. Section 5 significant new use
rules and chemical advisories are planned on several other chemicals.
Broad use of TSCA's information gathering authorities will continue. The
Agency plans to finalize the Section 8(d) rule supporting information needs of the
Office of Solid Waste. The comprehensive assessment information rule (CAIR) is being
proposed under Section 8(a) of TSCA allowing the Agency to move closer to its goal
of a model reporting rule. Standardized reporting under this rule will not only
minimize new rule development but will reduce duplicative efforts and industry
reporting burden. The TSCA inventory update rule is being finalized and will require
manufacturers/importers of chemical substances to report current production volume
and plant site data on a critical portion of the chemicals included on the TSCA
chemical inventory. One of the major attributes of this rule is that it requires
both initial and recurring reporting -- an updating mechanism not included in the
original inventory reporting rule. Broad-based monitoring will identify existing
chemicals with widespread human exposure.
Salaries and Expenses and total workyear costs for Asbestos-in-Schools Program
Administration, described elsewhere under Toxic Substances Financial Assistance,
are budgeted in this program.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $16,716,300 supported by 171.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $7,116,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $9,599,800 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
During the year, the Agency undertook a number of new initiatives designed
to improve and refine its information gathering and risk evaluation capabilities,
and to address several significant hazards to human health and the environment.
TSCA data and expertise played a key role in the Agency's air toxics strategy by
preparing criteria, an Illustrative list of acutely toxic substances, chemical-
specific profiles and guidance to local communities for evaluating and responding
to accidental releases. A rule was proposed under TSCA Section 8(d) to acquire
health and safety studies from industry for use by the Office of Solid Waste; this
-marks the first time a TSCA rule was written specifically to collect information
for another program. The Agency proposed a Section 8(a) rule that would require
manufacturers/importers of chemical substances to report current production volume
and plant site data on a critical portion of the more than 63,000 chemicals included
on the TSCA Chemical Inventory. The proposed rule represents the first update of
the inventory's production data since 1977.
Other major risk evaluation activities in 1985 focused on a Section 4(f)
priority review of methylene chloride and a regulatory investigation of formalde-
hyde. Risk assessment documents were prepared on six potentially hazardous chemi-
cals. During 1985, 83 chemicals were subjected.to the existing chemical program
review process. Of that number, 21 were dropped, seven were referred for informa-
tion gathering, 11 were referred for risk management, and 48 are undergoing further
evaluation. Risk management activities in 1985 resulted in TSCA Section 6 actions
or Section 9 referrals on polychlorinated biphenyls, asbestos abatement, mpthylene-
dianiline (4,4'-MDA) and 1,3-butadiene, We also proposed Section 5 significant new
TS-35
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use rules to monitor the future use of 4,41~methylenebis(2-chlorobenzenainine}
(MBOCA) and hexachloronorbornadiene (HEX-BCH). The Agency issued chemical advi-
sories on two chemicals, and continued work on glycol ethers and metalworking fluids.
Salaries and Expenses and total workyear costs for the Asbestos-in- Schools
Program Administration, described elsewhere under the Toxic Substances Financial
Asssistance, are budgeted in this program.
NEW CHEMICAL REVIEW
1987 Program
The Agency requests a total of $16,280,400 supported by 209.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $9,043,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $7,237,100 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $381,600 and a decrease of $72,200
respectively, and no change in total workyears* The increase in Salaries and
Expenses is a result of anticipated higher operating costs. The decrease in Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance will be possible through streamlining of the PMN
process.
EPA will continue to subject all new chemicals to a thorough review (premanu-
facture notification, or PMN) to ensure that any unreasonable health and environmen-
tal risks are adequately controlled. In 1987, EPA will review approximately 1,800
new chemical notices of which 300 are eligible for an abbreviated review as defined
in thf» polymer, low volume, and test market exemptions. About 120 of the PMN
chemicals will require some form of control (testing, exposure controls, withdrawal
of PMN's), Test data will be arriving as a result of Section 5(e) actions. There
will be increased attention to coordination of reviews and actions with other
programs to ensure that decisions are consistent across the Agency and that future
environmental problems (e.g., air, water, disposal) are effectively prevented.
Close coordination with the Existing Chemical Review Program will also be an integral
part of all new chemical decisions.
In 1987, we will continue emphasis on ensuring that risks do not develop as
new chemicals enter the marketplace. We will publish proposed or final significant
new use rules (SNURs) or Section 8(a) reporting rules for 25 new chemicals. We
will focus on chemicals that are the subject of Section 5(e) orders, and other new
chemicals that present tdxicity characteristics which warrant follow-up. The
program will continue to stress more efficient regulatory approaches including
category follow-up rules. Two category SNURs will be prepared during 1987. The
practice of issuing advisory circulars that provide guidance to industry on new
chemical requirements and policies will continue. We will also continue to implement
the Agency's policy on biotechnical substances and work closely with other parties
to provide for the coordinated review of biotechnical substances. The Structure-
Activity Relationship (SAR) study will be continued. Testing is expected to take
three years; therefore, analysis of the results of this study will not be ready
until June 1988.
The Agency plans to initiate studies on regulatory, operational, and admin-
istrative isssues related to instituting fees for this program in 1987. The fees
will not affect the Budget Authority described for this program in 1987.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $15,971,000 supported by 209.6
total workyears for this program, of which $8,661,700 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $7,309,300 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
TS-36
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The workload of this program increased dramatically in 1985 but is expected to
stay relatively level in 1986. Productivity improvements in the program have allowed
us to keep up with workload demand. In 1986, we anticipate receiving 1,800
new chemical notices of which approximately 120 will require some form of Agency
control, either voluntary or formal; 300 actions will receive an abbreviated review
under the polymer and low volume exemption rules promulgated in 1985; and we expect
to review and act on 60 test market exemption requests. In 1986, EPA will -issue a
final policy statement concerning the applicability of TSCA to biotechnology pro-
ducts.
The follow-up of new chemicals remains an important part of the program. We
will issue chemical-specific significant new use rules (SNURs) for 25 new chemical
substances subject to Section 5(e) orders as well as certain other chemicals that
may present toxicity characteristics that warrant follow-up. We will propose the
first generic follow-up rule, to cover a category of chemicals (acrylates). The
acrylate category rule and follow the same procedures for case-by-case Section 5(e)
orders and the established process for fol low-up SNURs. These broader rules will
improve the efficiency of the follow-up program and allow industry to begin follow-up
procedures more quickly. In 1986, the first new chemical advisory circulars will
be published to provide guidance to industry on the new chemical program require-
ments or policies such as data requirements for categories of chemicals.
A study is being conducted to determine if the Structure Activity Relationship
(SAR) technique is an accurate predictor of a chemical's potential toxicity. SAR
is the process by which the Agency uses chemical fate and biological effects data
on structurally related chemicals to estimate hazards of PMN chemicals under re-
view. EPA currently receives toxicity data on less than 50 percent of all PMNs
submitted, and these data most commonly consist of acute toxicity studies. Since
we do not have chronic toxicity data, EPA relies on SAR techniques to assess haz-
ards. The SAR study will test the chronic toxicity of 100 substances and compare
the results with the SAR judgments that were made when the substances underwent PMN
review.
In 1985, the Age/icy obligated a total of $14,169,400 supported -by 207. D total
workyears for this program, of which $8,634,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,534,700 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
This program experienced a dramatic workload increase in 1985 (nearly 1,800
notices vs. the 1,200 expected). Ongoing efforts to improve our review process and
other productivity increases enabled us to meet this demand. Of the 1,787 notices
received in 1985, 66 were test market exemption applications, of which 60 were
granted and 6 denied; another 243 notices were submitted under the polymer and low
volume exemption procedures established early this year.
In 1985, the Agency made a concerted effort to increase the quantity and quality
of toxicity data on new chemicals suspected of presenting unreasonable risks. The
Agency asks for testing before production begins if the testing can be done quickly
and without unreasonable expense. EPA also asks for preproduction testing 1f the
potential risk cannot be adequately controlled pending availability of the data.
However, if the potential risk can be controlled, EPA issues "delayed trigger"
testing orders under section 5(e) which require submission of test data only when
production of the chemical reaches a predetermined volume.
EPA also implemented two final rules to exempt certain chemicals from full PKN
notice and review requirements; one rule applied to certain polymers and to esters
manufactured solely from a list of approved reactants; the second rule exempted
chemicals that are produced in small amounts (i.e., less than 1,000 kg/yr). Under
both exemption rules, eligible polymers and low volume chemicals are now subject
to a shortened 21-day review period and to abbreviated notice requirements. We
continued to monitor new chemicals that may be of concern if their uses change, or
TS-3'
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if production volumes significantly increase from those estimated during their
initial review. During the year, EPA proposed 10 SNURs covering 19 new chemicals
and promulgated seven SNURs covering 12 chemicals to regulate the manufacture,
import, or processing of a chemical subject to a SNUR.
Work on biotechnology advanced during 1985. EPA published a proposed policy
statement clarifying the applicability of TSCA and the Federal Insecticide, Fungi-
cide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to new microorganisms produced through biotech-
nology and used commercially.
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Enforcement
SECTION TAB
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Tableof Contents
Page
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ENFORCEMENT
Toxic Substances Enforcement........ TS-40
Toxic Substances Enforcement TS-42
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants.............................. TS-44
TS-39
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compli ance
Toxic Substances
Enforcement Grants
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
$5,748.3 $6,707.6 $6,651.4
$1,253.9 $2,325.5 $2,325.5
-$285.9 $6,365.5 $6,672.4
-$100.0 $2,225.5 $1,825.5
TOTAL $7,002.2 $9,033.1 $8,976.9 -$385.9 $8,591.0 $8,497.9
$1,500.0 $2,300.0 $2,300.0
$1,500.0 $2,300.0 $2,300.0
-$98.9 $2,201.1 $2,200.0
-$98.9 $2,201.1 $2,200.0
$306.9
-$400.0
-$93.1
-$1.1
-$1.1
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
$5,748.3 $6,707.6 $6,651.4
$2,753.9 $4,625.5 $4,625.5
-$285.9 $6,365.5 $6,672.4
-$198.9 $4,426.6 $4,025.5
TOTAL $8,502.2 $11,333.1 $11,276.9 -$484.8 $10,792.1 $10,697.9
$306.9
-$401.1
-$94.2
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
142.8
158.0
162.6
162.6
162.6
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
142.8
158.0
162.6
162.6
162.6
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
TOTAL WORKYEARS
158.4
158.4
168.7
168.7
175.6
175.6
175.6
175.6
175.6
175.6
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,697,900 supported by 175.6 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $94,200 and no change in total workyears from 1986. In-
cluded In this total 1s $6,672,400 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
and $4,025,500 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase
of $306,900 and a decrease of $401,100 respectively.
P rogram Descr1pt 1 on
This subactivlty supports all compliance monitoring and compliance assis-
tance activities under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), including support
for regulation development. Regional compliance monitoring and case development,
Regional polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) disposal permitting efforts, and management
and oversight of State grant programs.
Toxic Substances Enforcement The Toxic Substances Enforcement program en-
sures compliancewith TSCA andrelated rules and regulations. Headquarters and
Regional offices play d1st|nct but complementary roles in the program's operation.
Headquarters provides enforcement support to the TSCA regulatory development
process; designs, implements, and oversees compliance monitoring activities by
developing guidance, strategies and procedures; and provides technical compliance
assistance and technical support to case development and prosecution activities.
Headquarters also manages the laboratory data integrity program. This program In-
volves inspections of laboratories that perform toxic substances testing and In-
depth audits of test studies submitted to the Agency under TSCA testing programs.
Regional offices respond to special risk situations; Inspect facilities that
manufacture, process, distribute or use new or specifically regulated chemicals;
and monitor laboratories performing tests pursuant to TSCA testing rules or volun-
tary testing agreements. Regional offices also assist the regulated community in
complying with all applicable TSCA regulations and seek voluntary remedial action
in Heu of enforcement prosecution where appropriate. In cases where voluntary
compliance is not achieved, Regional personnel prepare and Issue notices of viola-
tion and administrative orders. The enforcement program assists and supports the
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring (OECM) in the development of civil
and criminal referrals.
Tpxic Substances Enforcement Grants This program provides financial assist-
ance to Stateagencies to develop and operate toxic substances compliance monitor-
ing programs, in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency, especially
in the area of control of PCB and asbestos. This program permits wider coverage
of the regulated community without requiring additional Federal personnel.
TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENFORCEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,497,900 supported by 175.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $6,672,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,825,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This represents an Increase of $306,900 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a decrease of $400,000 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation and no change In total workyears. The increase in Salaries and
Expenses represents Increased staff support and the decrease 1n Abatement, Control
and Compliance 1s possible because of lower requirements for asbestos-1n-schools
compliance inspections.
TS-42
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In 1987, the Toxic Substances Enforcement program will continue to emphasize
case development and providing technical assistance to improve levels of compli-
ance. The case development workload will remain high as a result of State programs
started in 1985 and becoming more active in 1986 and 1987. Compliance assistance
involves alerting the regulated community of EPA regulatory actions and provid-
ing advice and direct assistance to industry in its efforts to come into compliance
with TSCA rules.
In 1987, the Regional offices will maintain inspection levels of facilities
subject to regulations for PCB marking and disposal and the PCB ban. Inspection
resources will be directed to those industries that have exhibited high violation
rates of the PCB regulations.
The Regions will conduct follow-up or supplemental inspections in support of
the asbestos-in-schools rule, although most asbestos-in-schools compliance moni-
toring inspections will be conducted through a contractor. This funding will
support reviews of records maintained by local education agencies to ensure in-
spections are conducted to detect friable asbestos. The Regions will also continue
to inspect for compliance with the asbestos worker protection rule in States where
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration does not inspect. Finally,
technical assistance and training in asbestos abatement efforts will be provided
for State and local government personnel and for owners and managers of public and
commercial buildings.
The Regional offices will conduct 1) good laboratory practice (GLP) and test
rule inspections, 2) inspections to determine compliance with new chemical regula-
tions, 3) inspections under the TSCA reporting requirements, 4) Import inspections,
and 5) export inspections. The Regional offices will provide management and over-
sight of compliance monitoring activities of those States participating in the
TSCA State cooperative agreement program. The Regional offices will be responsible
for the review and approval of PCB landfills and unique design stationary PCB
incinerators, PCB disposal site monitoring and liaison activities (e.g., public
hearings) associated with PCB disposal. The Office of Toxic Substances will Issue
permits to all chemical and biological destruction systems, all mobile incinerators,
and all stationary PCB incinerators that are not of a unique design.
Headquarters staff will participate in TSCA rulemaking activities and will
develop compliance strategies and enforcement response policies for each new
regulation. Headquarters will provide support for Regional compliance monitoring,
voluntary compliance assistance, and case development activities under Sections 4,
5, 6, 8, 12 and 13. Headquarters will continue to manage the overall -program
through appropriate guidance and Regional reviews, including on-slght program
evaluations. Headquarters will also be responsible for managing the extramural
funding of compliance monitoring inspections in support of the asbestos-in-schools
rule. The Toxic Substances Enforcement program will also prepare and Issue notices
of violation and administrative orders and will provide technical assistance and
support to OECM in the prosecution of civil and criminal cases as warranted.
1986 Program ;
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,591,000 supported by 175.6
total workyears, of which $6,365,500 is from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $2,225,500 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The Regional program inspects for compliance and provides direct assistance to
firms seeking to comply voluntarily with TSCA requirements. Where violations are
detected, EPA will encourage firms to take specific remedial actions to achieve
compliance. If compliance is not achieved, Regional offices prepare and issue
notices of violation and administrative orders, and will develop and prosecute
cases, as warranted. The Agency will give priority to situations involving substan-
tial threats to human health and the environment.
TS-43
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The Regional offices conduct inspections to determine compliance with Section
4 testing; Section 5 new chemical regulations; Section 6 chemical control rules
including PCB marking and disposal, the PCB ban, asbestos-in-schools rule, and
other enforceable rules; Section 8 reporting rules; Section 12 export require-
ments; and Section 13 import requirements. In the asbestos area, technical assis-
tance and training in asbestos abatement efforts are being provided for State and
local government personnel and for owners and managers of public and commercial
buildings. Regional offices provide oversight and management for the State
grant program. The Regional offices also are responsible for PCB site disposal
monitoring, liaison functions associated with PCB disposal, and the review and
approval of PCB landfills and unique-design stationary PCB incinerators.
Headquarters manages and execute national programs to monitor compliance
with test rules and voluntary testing agreements under Section 4, new chemical
regulations under Section 5, Section 6 chemical control rules, Section 8 reporting
regulations, Section 12 export notice requirements, and Section 13 import require-
ments. Headquarters is responsible for managing the extramural funding of com-
pliance monitoring inspections under the asbestos-in-schools program. Headquarters
also participates in regulation development directed by the Office of Toxic
Substances.
1 985 Accompl i shment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated $7,002,200 supported by 158.4 total workyears,
of which $5,748,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $1,253,900
was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Extramural funds
provided compliance inspection support, chemical analysis of samples, and data
processing support.
Regional staff responded to special risk incidents, inspected PCB establish-
ments, conducted compliance monitoring activities to support Section 5 premanufac-
ture notification review and Section 8(e) substantial risk notification, and
developed and prosecuted enforcement cases upon detection of serious violations,
including those originating from State-conducted inspections. The Agency issued
administrative orders in 733 cases, and issued 1,136 notices of warning. The
Agency also referred two criminal and six civil cases to the Department of Justice.
Headquarters prepared compliance monitoring strategies for the revised Section
6 PCB rule, amended Section 6 PCB Transformer Fires rule, TSCA Environmental
Monitoring update, FIFRA and TSCA Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs) rule, and the
Section 6 Asbestos Worker Protection rule. The Headquarters compliance monitoring
staff developed enforcement response policies for TSCA Good Laboratory Practices
requirements and the Section 6 Asbestos Worker Protection rule. Headquarters also
amended enforcement response policies for Section 5 new chemicals requirements,
Section 6 Asbestos-in- Schools rule, and Section 8(a) recordkeeping and reporting
requirements.
TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENFORCEMENT GRANTS '
Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,200,000 for this program, all for the Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents a decrease of $1,100.
The decrease reflects lower expected needs in the States.
This grant will be included in a legislative proposal for block grants
designed to give States more flexibility and autonomy in administering environ-
mental programs. In 1987, we expect States to continue the following activities.
TS-44
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EPA will support toxic substances compliance monitoring programs in 17 parti-
cipating States. The State programs will emphasize chemical control rules, particu-
larly compliance monitoring of PCBs and asbestos.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,201,100 to this program, all
from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These funds support
State-conducted toxic substances compliance monitoring programs in 17 States,
These State programs concentrate upon chemical control rules under Section 6, in
particular PCB and asbestos compliance monitoring.
1985 Accomplishments
The Agency obligated a total of $1,500,000 for this program, all from the Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance appropriation. These funds supported State cooperative
enforcement agreement programs in 15 States. These States conducted 463 PCB inspec-
tions and 133 asbestos-in-schools inspections.
TS-45
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Energy
SECTION TAB
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
ENERGY E-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Multi-Medi a Energy E-5
Acid Rain . ..... E-10
Health Effects , E-12
Environmental Engineering and Technology E-12
Environmental Processes and Effects E^-13
E-l
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APPROPRIATION
ENERGY
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL, Energy
$6,470.2
$50,342.3
$5,454.1
$61,863.2
$5,129.8
$56,577.9
-$220.5
-$2,433.8
$4,909.3
$54,144.1
$5,486.4
$54,103.0
$56,812.5 $67,317.3 $61,707.7 -$2,654.3 $59,053.4 $59,589,4
$577.1
-$41.1
$536.0
ra
to
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
94.1 89.2 88.4 88.4 77.2 -11.2
105.7 97.7 97.0 97.0 85.8 -11.2
$41,692.6 $58,659.6 $62,301,4 -$857.3 $61,444.1 $61,349.2 -$94.9
Authorization for Energy is under the Research and Development Act, which expired
September 30, 1981S and reauthorizatton 1s pending.
v,,_
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ENERGY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Multi-media Energy research and development program provides the scien-
tific information necessary to guide the development aad utilization of energy
resources in an environmentally acceptable manner. This program includes three
major program areas: 1) acid deposition; 2) Limestone Injection Multistage Burner
(LIMB) control technology; and 3) alternate energy (synthetic fuels) development.
Acid Deposition
The acid deposition research program represents the Agency's part of the
National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program which is mandated by the Energy
Security Act of 1980 (Title VII of P.L. 96-294). Its purpose is to increase the
understanding of the causes and effects of acid deposition so that reliable infor-
mation can be made available to policy-makers in support of their efforts to deter-
mine what measures should be taken to resolve the acid deposition problem.
The 1987 program will continue to expand the basic research that will provide
better information on the physical and chemical mechanisms, and the deposition
processes, that govern the acid deposition phenomenon. Major emphasis will be
placed on the development and evaluation of atmospheric models. This research
will enable policy-makers to predict changes in deposition levels that result
from emission reductions in nearby or distant sources.
The 1987 program will also expand the scope of research on materials damage.
Recent scientific information indicates that the effects of acid deposition on
materials may be significant. In 1987, EPA will conduct field and laboratory
research to quantify more precisely the potential economic impact of damage to
materials due to acid deposition. For example, brick, mortar, concrete, roofing
materials and building sealants will be added to the EPA field testing program.
A third area of major emphasis will be enhanced research on aquatic effects.
In 1987, EPA will enhance research that seeks to quantify the effects of acidifi-
cation on aquatic systems through the development of dose/response relationships.
Major emphasis in 1987 will be placed on completing the National Surface Water
Survey (NSWS). This effort has involved sampling the chemistry and biology of
lakes and streams throughout the United States to assess the status of acidification
of surface waters.
LIMB Control Technology
The LIMB control technology program is designed to develop and demonstrate
effective and inexpensive emission control systems that will simultaneously remove
sulfur oxides (SOX) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) from boiler flue gases of new and
existing pulverized coal-fired boilers. This research and development program
will continue to provide data on performance, reliability, and cost efficiency to
accelerate the commercial availability of the technology in both wall-fired and
tangentially-fired applications.
Synthetic Fuels
In 1987, EPA will eliminate the synthetic fuels research program. This program
currently focuses on providing special studies on synfuel specific processes for
EPA regulatory offices and States in the development of Environmental Impact State-
ments, permit applications and monitoring plans. These synfuels studies reflect
research associated with projects sponsored by the U.S. Synthetic Fuels Corporation
(SFC). Since the SFC will be eliminated in 1986, EPA's research role in this
area will be completed.
E-3
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-------
Research and
Development
SECTION TAB
-------
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-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
ENERGY
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Mul ti-Medi a Energy. £-5
Acid Rain.. £-10
Health Effects.... 1-12
Environmental Engineering and Technology..... £-12
Environmental Processes and Effects E-13
E-4
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ACTUAL
1985
ENERSY
Hulti-Media Energy
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Ul
Acid Rain - Multi-Media
- Energy
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects - Multi-
Media - Energy
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Multi-
Media - Energy
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Multl-Media
- Energy
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
MuTti-Media Energy TOTAL
$3,508,9
$34,450.5
$37,959.4
$378.4
$786.4
$1,164.8
$2,582.9
$14,705.4
$17,288.3
$400.0
$400.0
$6,470.2
$50,342.3
$56,812.5
$3,094.1
$57,512.5
$60,606.6
$2,360.0
$3,950.7
$6,310.7
$400.0
$400.0
$5,454.1
$61,863.2
$67,317.3
$3,107.1
$47,837.6
$50,944.7
$2,022,7
$8,540.3
$10,563.0
$200.0
$200.0
$5,129.8
$56,577.9
$61,707.7
-$133.6
-$2,058.0
-$2,191.6
$-86.9
-$367.2
-$454.1
-$8.6
-$8.6
-$220.5
-$2,433.8
-$2,654.3
$2,973.5
$45,779.6
$48,753.1
$1,935.8
$8,173.1
$10,108.9
$191.4
$191.4
$4,909.3
$54,144.1
$59,053.4
$4,000,0
$51,133.0
$55,133.0
$1,486.4
$2,970.0
$4,456.4
$5,486.4
$54,103.0
$59,589.4
$1,026.5
$5,353.4
$6,379.9
-$449.4
-$5,203.1
-$5,652.5
-$191.4
-$191.4
$577.1
-$41.1
$536.0
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ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENERGY
Multi-Media Energy
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT -ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Acid Rain - Multi-Media
- Energy
Health Effects - Multi-
Medla - Energy
Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Multi-
Medla - Energy
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
50.9
4.8
38.4
94.1
56.0
55,2
55.2
55.2
33.2
89.2
33.2
88.4
33.2
88.4
22.0
77.2
-11.2
-11.2
TOTAL HORKYEARS
Acid Rain - Multl-Media
- Energy
Health Effects - Multl-
Media - Energy
Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Multl-
Media - Energy
58.9
4.8
42.0
60.0
37.7
60.0
37.0
60.0
37.0
60.0
25.8
-11.2
TOTAL WORKYEARS
105.7
97.7
97.0
97.0
85.8
-11.2
-------
ENERGY
Multi -media Energy
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
3S3SSSS3X3SSBSS33SS33K
Objectj ve 1; EsJjmaJeJM^sJons from Man-made Sources
o A 1985 emissions Inventory for use with the Regional Acid Deposition Model
(Acid Rain)
Objective 2: Understand Atmospheric Processes
o Field studies to improve our confidence in the Regional Acid Deposition Model
(Acid Rain)
Objj|cti1ye_j4 Tm Establish Deposition Monitoring Data Bases
o An expanded dry deposition network of approximately 40-50 sites (Acid Rain)
Objective 4: Understand and Quantify Aquatic Effects
o A report on results of the Western Lake Survey (Acid Rain)
o A report on "Direct/Delayed Response" of water bodies to acid deposition
inputs (Acid Rain)
Objective 5: Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects
u.«irai«ii«^ ........... iiiirm-mitttm .^z»-.rtt-dBzjiiiT.-mt:t.r«jriBniiii,»iiiu.jiiT- ....... nil ........ ininii ...... ..... i ...... in
o A report on the association of acid deposition and its precursors with the
decline in forest productivity in high altitude forests (Acid Rain)
Objective 10: Devel op and JEyal uate L
o A report on LIMB engineering studies as they relate to commercialization
requirements for Industry (Env. Technology)
o A report on pilot-scale tests to evaluate LIMB sorbent injection parameters
for boiler applications (Env. Technology)
1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1: Estimate Emissions from Man-made Sources
o An improved 1985 man-made emissions inventory (Acid Rain)
Objective 2: Understand Atmospheric Processes
o A cloud chemistry network to cover the major high altitude forest systems in the
eastern United States (Acid Rain)
Objective 3: Establish pepojl^o^ MpnJ^orlng Data Bases
o A dry deposition monitoring network (30 sites) based on the 1985 pilot network
(Acid Rain)
E-7
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Objective 4: Understand and Qu anti fy Aquat1c Effects
o A full stream sampling study as part of the National Surface Water Survey
(Acid Rain)
o A report on the analysis of long-term monitoring data (Acid Rain)
Objective 5:Understand andQuantifyTerrestrial Effects
o A final report on reduced annual incremental growth in trees (Acid Rain)
o A progress report on spruce/fir forest effects (Acid Rain)
Objective 8: Assess Research Results and Data to Provide Inforniatiqn for PoTjjcjf
Analysis
o A report on the 1985 Assessment and deposition phenomenon (Acid Rain)
Objective 10; Developand Evaluate LIMB Control Technology
o A report documenting site specific design for the wall-fired field demonstration
(Env. Technology)
o A report on the effects of coal sulfur, trace ash species evaluation, and
promoters for sulfur capture (Env. Technology)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
BB.XSSSSSSSSSSSBSSBaCxaS
Objectlye 1: Estimate Emissions from Man-made Sources
o A comprehensive 1980 emissions inventory (Acid Rain)
o A report on Historical Emissions Trends, 1900-1980 (Acid Rain)
Objective2i Understand AtmosphericProcesses
o The establishment of the eastern mountain top monitoring stations (Acid Rain)
Objective 3:Establish Deposition Monitoring Data Bases
o A report on prototype dry deposition monitors (Acid Rain)
o A siting plan for the dry deposition monitoring network.(Acid Rain)
Objective4: Understandand Quantify Aquatic Effects
o Final reports on primary analyses of data from eastern lake component of the
National Surface Water Survey (Acid Rain)
o A multi-regional survey of watershed sensitivity (Acid Rain)
Objective 5: Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects
o A joint research project with the U. S. Forest Service on the forest decline
syndrome in northeastern and southeastern forests (Acid Rain)
Objective8; Assess Research Results and Datato Provide Informationfor Policy
jna1y.sj.sr'
o A Critical Assessment Document on the acid deposition phenomenon (Acid Rain)
o A report on the inventory of National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program
research projects (Acid Rain)
E-8
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ENERGY
Multi-media Energy
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $59,589,400 supported by 85.8 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $536,000 and a decrease of 11,2 total workyears from
1986. Of the request, $5,486,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $54,103,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation,
an increase of $577,100 and a decrease of $41,100, respectively.
Program Descri pti on
The multi-media energy research and development program was designed to provide
the scientific and technical information necessary to support the Agency's permit-
ting and standard-setting processes, and to allow for the development and utiliza-
tion of energy sources in an environmentally acceptable manner. Research is con-
ducted to better understand the phenomenon of acid deposition and provide informa-
tion upon which mitigation decisions may be made; expand "EPA's knowledge of the
performance, reliability, and cost of the limestone injection multistage burner
(LIMB) control technology; characterize and evaluate synthetic fuels discharges;
and evaluate the impacts of energy development in cold climates. The following
objectives support these activities:
Objective 1: Estimate Emissions from Man-made Sources. This research im-
proves our understanding of the relationships among emissions resulting from man's
activities,
Objective 2: Understand Atmospheric Processes. This research improves our
capability to examine ah~3predict the transport, chemical transformation, and
deposition processes of air masses,
Objective 3; Establish Deposition Monitoring Data..Bases. This work will
quantify wet and dry deposition of acidic materials with sufficient resolution to
establish trends; provide inputs to effects studies; and, provide information for
source/receptor statistical analyses.
Objective 4; Understand and Quantify Aquatic Effects. This work will enable
us to quantifythe impacts of acidificationonrepresentative aquatic systems
through the development of dose/response relationships and to apply these data to
the development of appropriate mitigative measures.
Objective 5; Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects, This research
establishes aciddepositiondose-responserelationshipsfar various wild and
cultivated plant species and estimates more accurately material transport through
soils to aquatic systems.
Objective 6: Understand and Quantify the Effects on Materials and Cultural
Resources.This researcli will determine how materialsare damaged from acid depo-
sition . This includes determining those materials and resources at risk and
developing the information required to differentiate the effects of acid deposition
from the effects of other natural and man-made sources.
Objective 7; Evaluate Control Technologies. This, work will focus on develop-
ing "cost of control" tools. Activities will include analysis of both performance
and costs of technologies; and the appraisal and development of selected hardware
approaches.
E-9
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Objective 8: Assess Research Results and Data to Provide Information for
Policy Analysis. This work is designed to integrate the various aspects of the
acid deposition research program and to provide information to decision-makers in
a timely manner.
Objective 9; Characterize and Evaluate Synfuel Discharges and Control
Technology. This program provides engineering support to EPA regulatory offices*
regions, and States in the analysis of synthetic fuel -related environmental risks
and in the evaluation of discharges and control technologies.
Objective 10: Develop and Evaluate LIMB Control Technology. This program
conti nues to develop and evaluate an effective and inexpensive emi ssion-control
technology that will simultaneously remove sulfur oxides (SOX) and nitrogen oxides
(NOX) from boiler flue gases of pulverized coal boilers.
Objective 11: Evaluate Impacts of Energy Development in Cold Climates. This
research defines the impact of coal , oil and gas development, and atmospheri c
pollution on arctic and sub-arctic ecosystems.
ACID RAIN
The Agency requests a total of $55,133,000 supported by 60.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,000,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $51,133,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $1,026,500 and $5,353,400, respectively, and no change
in total workyears. The increase in Salaries and' Expenses will be used for
monitoring equipment for the dry deposition monitoring network. The increase in
Research and Development will be used to support research in the following areas:
1) the evaluation of acid deposition atmospheric models; 2) the expansion of research
on materials effects; and 3) enhanced research on aquatic effects.
Estimate Emissions from Man-Made Sources. This research examines the rela-
tionships among man-made emi ssions to provide a more accurate estimate of major
pollutants related to acid deposition. Research supported in 1987 includes:
1) developing emission inventories; and 2) developing models. These models will
be responsive to policy options and used to analyze cost-effective strategies.
The work will result in a 1985 emission data base and a final SOgi N02, VOC, and
alkaline material emissions inventory for use in the Eulerian model.
Understand Atmospheric Processes. The program continues to broaden our
understanding of the atmospheric transport, physical and chemical transformation,
and deposition processes of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere. The program
continues to emphasize model development, the collection of field data, and model
evaluation to better differentiate the contribution of local versus distant
sources of acid deposition. This research will enable policy-makers to predict
changes in deposition levels resulting from reductions in nearby or distant emis-
sions. A major initiative in 1987 involves using field study data to improve our
scientific confidence in the Regional Acid Deposition Model (RADM). RADM will be
used in a number of important areas (e.g., to calibrate Lagrangian models, to
develop control strategies, to perform source-receptor analysis, and to assess
materials damage).
Establ ish Deposition Monitoring Data Bases. Work in this area will quantify
wet and dry depbsi tibn of acid materi a Is wi th suf f i ci ent resolution to establish
cause and effect relationships. The program continues to support the 150 station
National Trends Network (NTN) for wet deposition and to build a statistically
valid baseline data set to compare various levels of deposition under various
control strategies. The initial 30 dry deposition monitoring sites will continue
to operate and additional sites will be established. In 1987 additional resources
will be used to install monitoring equipment associated with the dry deposition
network.
E-10
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Aquatic Effects. Research here seeks to quantify the
^^
effects of acidification on representative aquatic systems through the develop-
ment of dose/response relationships. In 1987 particular program emphasis will be
in the following areas: 1) completing Phase II of the NSWS which will sample 200
to 300 lakes in sensitive regions of the U.S. to determine temporal and biologic
variability; conducting a synoptic survey of streams in sensitive regions of the
U.S.; selecting long-term monitoring sites; 2) formulating predictive regional
aquatic chemistry models which incorporate episodic and non-episodic events; 3)
developing biological response models for fish populations and other aquatic biota;
and 4) continuing research to predict short-, mid-, and long-term responses of
surface waters to acidification.
Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects. This research seeks to estab-
lish 1icTd~lIel3osTH^)ir~d^>se^ for various wild and cultivated
plant species and to define more accurately material transport through soils to
aquatic systems. In 1987 major activities include: 1) watersheds research to
determine chemical input/output processes; 2) site characterization for four
forest types under study; 3) correlational studies of pollutants and forest
conditions; 4) the initiation of controlled pollutant exposure studies on seedlings
and saplings; and 5) surveys of the extent and magnitude of observed forest produc-
. tivity declines.
Understand and Jjyantify the Effects on Materials and Cultural Resources.
This research wilTTocus on how materials are damaged from acid deposition > Sci-
entific information will be produced for a variety of materials (e«9.» metallic
surfaces, marble, and concrete). In 1987 damage function research (i.e., defining
the unit of deteriorization of material for a given level of exposure) will be
increased for painted wood, mortar, concrete, roofing materials, and building
sealants.
JEyaluate Control Technol ogles . This research will develop "cost of control"
analysis tools that will become part of the overall acid deposition assessment
framework. The research will continue to focus primarily on assessing the
engineering applicability and costs of control technologies for a number of
pollutants.
Assess Research Results and Data to Provide Information for Policy Analysis.
This program is designed to integrate the various aspects of the acid deposition
research activities and to provide information to decision-makers to formulate
appropriate decisions for dealing with acid deposition issues on a timely and
cost-effective basis. The primary research activities will be to validate assess-
ment techniques and data bases which will be used in acid deposition assessments.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $48,753,100 supported by 60.0
total workyears for this program, of which $2,973,500 is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $45,779,600 is from the Research and Development
appropriation. ;
The major differences between the 1986 program and the 1985 program include
the following: accelerating the development of a high resolution emission inventory
for 1985; establishing a forest exposure monitoring network; expanding the dry
deposition monitoring network to approximately 30 stations; improving the Regional
Acid Deposition Model (RADM) through the evaluation of several of its component
modules; expanding the National Surface Water Survey (NSWS) to include a full
stream sampling study; accelerating the collaborative research program with the
U.S. Forest Service on the effects of acid deposition and other air pollutants on
spruce/fir forests in the East, and Southern commercial forests; initiating re-
search on. Eastern mixed hardwoods and Western conifers.
E-ll
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1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $37,959,400 supported by 58.9 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,508,900 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $34,450,500 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985 the acid deposition research program developed a comprehensive
1980 emissions inventory as well as a report on historical emissions trends from
1900 to 1980. The Eastern mountain-top monitoring stations were placed in operation
and the program developed a siting plan for the dry deposition monitoring network.
A series of reports were completed on data from the Eastern lake component of the
NSWS. Additionally, a multi-regional survey of watershed sensitiviy was conducted.
A joint research project with the U.S. Forest Service was initiated to examine the
forest decline syndrome in Northeastern and Southeastern forests. In the assessment
area, a Critical Assessment Document on the acid deposition phenomenon was completed.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests no resources for this program in 1987.
1986 Program
This program was completed in 1985 and has no resources associated with it
in 1986,
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,164,800 supported by 4.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $378,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $786,400 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985, the energy health effects program was completed with the develop-
ment of several reports summarizing the results of EPA research conducted through
1984 on health risks associated with synthetic fuels production.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,456,400 supported by 25.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,486,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,970,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $449,400 and $5,203,100, respectively, and a decrease
of 11.2 total workyears. The decrease in total workyears and the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation reflects the completion of the Synfuels engineering support
program. The decrease in the Research and Development appropriation involves two
program areas. First, in 1987, EPA will eliminate the synfuels research program.
This program currently focuses on providing special studies on synfuel specific
processes sponsored by the U.S. Synthetic Fuels Corporation (SFC). Since the SFC
will be eliminated in 1986, EPA's research role in this area will be completed.
Second, the decrease in the Research and Development appropriation reflects the
continued phase down of the LIMB program associated with EPA's implementation of
a full-scale commercial demonstration of this technology.
E-12
-------
Develop and Evaluate LIMB^ Contraj Techno!pay. Research will continue in three
major engineering areas:Tj""laboratory and pilot scale development; 2) prototype
testing; and 3) commercialization. The pilot scale development effort will continue
to emphasize evaluation of LIMB participate recycle and/or utilization systems.
The prototype testing portion will evaluate high activity sorbent injection and
economic analyses of the LIMB process. In the commercialization phase, engineering
and economic analyses will be performed to determine the applicability of the LIMB
process design as a function of boiler design, coal sulfur, and sorbents.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating $10,108,900 supported by 37.0 total work-
years for this program, of which $1,935,800 is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $8,173,100 is from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1986, the environmental engineering and technology program is completing
its consulting responsibilities as specified under the Energy Security Act,
to assist the U.S. Synthetic Fuels Corporation and its project sponsors in evalua-
tion of monitoring data. With the policy decision to abolish the Corporation, |PA
anticipates no further requests for assistance under its Synfuels engineering
support program.
In 1986, the LIMB program is continuing laboratory and pilot-scale research,
prototype testing, and commercial-scale development. To promote commercialization
of the LIMB technology, EPA is co-funding with industry a demonstration of the LIMB
technology on a 105 Megawatt pulverized coal-fired boiler using wall-fired burners.
The Agency expects to initiate negotiations in 1986 with interested parties to
demonstrate the LIMB technology on a commercial-scale boiler using tangentially-
fired burners.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $17,288,300 supported by 42.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,582,900 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $14,705,400 was from the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985, the Synfuels engineering program provided technical support to
EPA regional offices, State and local permitting authorities, in analyzing synthetic
fuel-related environmental risks and evaluating discharges and control technologies.
In 1985 EPA awarded a contract to Babcock & Wilcox Co. to develop and conduct a
commercial-scale demonstration of the LIMB technology on a wall-fired boiler. The
site selected was at the Edgewater Station of the Ohio Edison Company near Lorain,
Ohio.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1987 P rogram Jteguest
The Agency requests no resources for this program in 1987. This represents
a decrease of $191,400 for the Research and Development appropriation. This
program will be completed in 1986.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $191,400, all of which is from
the Research and Development appropriation.
E-13
-------
In 1986, research is being concluded on assessing the impacts of oil and gas
development on coastal tundra wetlands. Projects underway include: 1) the health
effects of urban air particulates (wood smoke), (2) air dispersion modeling in the
arctic, and (3) the ecological impacts of placer mining.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $400,000, all of which was from the
Research and Development appropriation. During 1985, the cold climate program
conducted research on the impacts of resource development on ecosystems in arctic
and sub-arctic regions.
E-14
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Management and
Support
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT MS-1
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management. MS-7
Program Management - Air & Radiation MS-12
Program Management « Water MS-13
Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring. MS-13
Program Management - External Affairs............................ MS-14
Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances........ MS-15
Program Management - General Counsel. MS-15
Program Management - Research & Development............... MS-16
Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response... MS-16
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices MS-19
Immediate Office of the Administrator.. MS-24
Office of Regional Operations MS-24
Office of Executive Support... MS-25
Regulatory Information Service Center. MS-26
Administrator's Representation Fund . MS-26
Office of International Activities MS-27
Office of Civil Rights MS-27
Science Advisory Board MS-28
Office of Administrative Law Judges MS-29
Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization MS-29
Office of Inspector General. , MS-31
Office of Inspector General MS-32
Office of General Counsel.. MS-34
General Counsel MS-35
Office of External Affairs........ , MS-37
Office of Legislative Analysis..., MS-41
Office of Congressional Liaison .. MS-42
Office of Public Affairs MS-42
Office of Private and Public Sector Liaison "... MS-43
Office of Federal Activities , MS-44
Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation........... . MS-45
Program Management - Policy, Planning & Evaluation.. MS-49
Integrated Environmental Management Program MS-49
Office of Policy Analysis MS-50
Office of Standards & Regulations , MS-51
Office of Management Systems & Evaluation MS-52
Office of Administration & Resources Management MS-54
Program Management - Administration... MS-59
Financial Management - Headquarters... MS-60
Office of the Comptroller MS-60
Contracts & Grants Management......... MS-61
Personnel & Organization Services v MS-62
Facilities & Management Services. MS-63
Information Systems & Services., MS-64
Human Resources Management MS-65
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management MS-66
Resource Management - Regions * MS-70
Financial Management - Regions. MS-71
Personnel Management - Regions...... « MS-71
Administrative Management - Regions MS-72
Regi onal Management MS-73
Regional Counsel MS-73
Planning, Evaluation & Analysis - Regions , MS-74
MS-1
-------
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT (Continued) Page
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs MS-77
Professional Tralning . , MS-79
Nationwide Support Services MS-80
Headquarters Support Services............. MS-80
Regional Support Services , MS-81
Automated Data Processing and Telecommunications Support Costs... MS-82
Lab Support - Research & Development MS-82
Lab Support - Air & Radiation. MS-83
Lab Support - Pesticides & Toxic Substances MS-83
MS-2
-------
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
19R6 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Salaries & Expenses ' $287,611.7 $282,913.3 $287,922.0 -$12,381.7 $275,540.3 $295,836.8 $20,296.5
Operations, Research $151.4
and Facilities
TOTAL, Management « Support $287,763.1 $282.913.3 $287,922.0 -$12,381.7 $275,540.3 $295,836.8 $20,296.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVEL
2,548.4 2,564.8 2,617.0 2,617.0 2,581.8 -35.2
2,869.6 2,860.4 2,889.0 2,889.0 2,832.9 -56.1
$264,338.7 $282,254.3 $298,981.1 -$10,578.7 $288,402.4 $294,056.0 $5,622.2
Authorization is by virtue of the Appropriation Act.
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Management and Support provides executive direction and policy, oversight
for all Agency programs, as well as those administrative and support services that
are not assigned to a specific program. Me will continue our efforts to provide
quality legal services, promote technically and economically defensible regulatory
and policy alternatives, enhance the public's perception of the Agency, manage for
environmental results, and pursue a focused human resources management effort to
build a skilled career environmental workforce.
The major components of this medium are Program Management, Agency Management,
Regional Management, and Support Costs.
ProgramManagement Includes policy development, program development and over-
si ghtT^ndnEHeTssocTaTed management activities for the Agency's environmental pro-
gram offices. These Include the Offices of Air and Radiation, Water, Enforcement
and Compliance Monitoring, External Affairs, Pesticides and Toxic Substances,
General Counsel, Research and Development, and Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
AgencyManagement 1ncludes Agencywide management functions and policy activi-
ties.
Policy Direction, through the Executive Offices at Headquarters, consists of
the Administrator and Deputy Administrator and their Immediate staffs, Regional
Operations, Executive Support, Administrator's Representation Fund, International
Activities, Civil Rights, Science Advisory Board, Administrative Law Judges, the
Regulatory Information Service Center and Small and Disadvantaged Business Utiliza-
tion.
Policy, Planning and Evaluation is organized into the following components:
the Integrated Environmental Management Program and the Offices of Policy Analysis,
Standards and Regulations, and Management Systems and Evaluation.
Legal Services for litigation in which the Agency 1s a defendant are provided
to Agency programs by the General Counsel in Headquarters and by a Regional Counsel
in each Regional office. The Office of General Counsel (OGC) provides legal ser-
vices and advice to the Administrator and Agency managers. OGC, in cooperation with
the Department of Justice, represents the Agency in all legal matters in which the
Agency is a defendant. Additionally, OGC reviews proposed actions, decisions, and
regulations to assure that they are legally defensible.
External Affairs activities are performed by five component offices: Legis-
lative Analysis, Congressional Liaison, Public Affairs, Private and Public Sector
Liaison, and Federal Activities.
Inspector General activities include investigation and audit of Agency activi-
ties to promote efficiency and effectiveness, and to prevent and detect fraud,
waste, and abuse.
Administration and Resources Management provides management activities in
Headquarters, as well as administrative services to all program operations located
in Cincinnati, Ohio and Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The office has
several components: Program Management, Financial Management, Comptroller, Per-
sonnel and Organization, Contracts and Grants, Facilities and Management Services,
Information Systems and Services, and Human Resources Management.
MS--4
-------
Regional Manageiiient includes the centralized management and administrative
functions performed !neach Regional office. The Regional elements cover the
Regional and Deputy Regional Administrators, their immediate staffs, and Regional
staff for public affairs, congressional and intergovernmental relations, and civil
rights. Other activities include budget development and execution, preparation
of Regional operating plans, legal services, progriam planning, regulatory and
policy analysis, economic analysis, program evaluation, financial and personnel
management, information management, and administrative services.
SupportCosts include the costs of general support services for all Agency
programs. In this diverse category are:
0 Office and building services, such as library services, commercial telephone
use, printing and copying, utilities, security, ADP technical support, and
custodial and maintenance services for programs located at Headquarters,
Research Triangle Park, and Cincinnati;
0 Nationwide costs, such as facility rental costs, centralized data process-
ing, professional training, U.S. Postal Service charges, Federal Telecom-
munications System (FTS) charges, unemployment and workmen's compensation,
and health and safety costs for all Agency programs in all locations;
0 Office and building services for laboratories and field stations operated
by the Offices of Air and Radiation, Research and Development, and Pesti-
cides and Toxic Substances; and
0 Common services in Regional offices, such as supplies and equipment,
commercial telephones, printing, facilities operations and maintenance,
library services, and mini-computer operations,
Program Pri ori ti es
Priorities for the Executive Offices 1n 1987 will include: continued emphasis
on enforcement and compliance efforts for both environmental and civil rights regu-
lations; stronger support from Headquarters and Regions to small, minority, and
women's environmental businesses; bringing greater scientific credibility to regula-
tory decision-making through an emphasis on reviews by the Science Advisory Board;
and more effective communication between Headquarters and the Regions.
The Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation will continue to focus resources
on managing for environmental results; developing and demonstrating Integrated envi-
ronmental management strategies; and developing improved methods to ascertain bene-
fits of EPA's regulations. It will also support the Agency's Air Toxics initiatives.
The common purpose of these efforts is the development of regulatory approaches
that achieve environmental and health benefits in an efficient and cost-effective
manner.
The Office of General Counsel will continue to provide legal advice and coun-
sel to the Agency's top management and media program offices concerning legal
interpretation of EPA administered . statutes, other applicable laws, and on such
matters as personnel, grants, and contracts. Additionally, the Office of General
Counsel will continue to represent the Agency in all major regulatory actions, and
ensure that legal errors are avoided and legal positions are presented in the most
persuasive manner.
The Office of External Affairs will continue to provide a clear interpretation
of EPA's programs and priorities; increase Agency effectiveness by improving Con-
gressional liaison; continue effective liaison with State and local governments;
establish outreach programs with the private and public sector and involve citizen
participation; reaffirm and strengthen Federal Agency contacts; and provide a cross-
media perspective in review of environmental problems.
M5-5
-------
The Office of Inspector General will continue to emphasize Internal and manage-
ment audits to improve the economy, effectiveness, and efficiency of EPA programs
and provide audit coverage to EPA programs and operations which have received little
or no audit coverage in the past. It will provide limited audit coverage for the
wastewater treatment construction grant program and EPA contracts and other grant
programs. The office will continue its Investigation of antitrust activities and
other construction-related fraud and will aggressively pursue new inltiatves to
ferret out fraud in the minority business enterprise program and the submission of
documentation involving foreign vehicles. It. will further its efforts in fraud
prevention by publicizing its activities to EPA employees, Identifying areas
sensitive to fraud, and developing new fraud detection methods.
The Office of Administration and Resources Management will build on progress
already achieved in assuring a strong system of financial internal controls, in-
cluding work toward integration and improvement of all Agency financial management
and accounting systems; continue developing a program for better Information manage-
ment planning; pursue a focused human resources management effort to build a skilled
career environmental workforce; move to the forefront in achieving significant
productivity improvements; and continue to provide essential administrative and
support services to enhance the Agency's ability to fulfill its various mandates.
In the Regional management areas, the Agency will continue Its commitment to
strengthen Regional environmental programs and maintain strong Regional planning
and management efforts.
In Support, the program will continue to provide general support services to
Agency programs. This request will also enable the Agency to continue its effort
to replace obsolete computers in the Regional offices, as well as cover cost es-
calations such as rent, telephone, and utility rate increases.
MS-6
-------
Program
Management
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management. .. MS-7
Program Management - Air & Radiation....... ...I MS-12
Program Management - Water...... MS-13
Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring......... MS-13
Program Management > External Affairs MS-14
Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances MS-15
Program Management - General Counsel MS-15
Program Management - Research & Development........ MS-16
Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response...., MS-16
MS-7
-------
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987. DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Air And Radiation
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
Water
Salaries 8 Expenses
Program Management -
Enforcement And
Compliance Monitoring
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
External Affairs
Salaries S Expenses
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
General Counsel
Salaries 8 Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
$2,412,0
$2,412.0
$2,773.1
$2,773.1
$2,904.0
$2,904.0
$2,743.7
$2,743.7
$2,904.2
$2 s 904. 2
$2 , 6 71. 7
$2,671.7
-$124.9
-$124.9
-$114.8
-$114.8
$2,779.3
$2,779.3
$2,556,9
$2,556.9
$2,904.2
$2,904.2
$2,740.6
$2,740.6
$124.9
$124.9
$183,7
$183.7
$428.5
$428.5
$803.6
$803.6
$517.6
$517.6
$656.0
$656.0
$416.0
$416.0
$711.8
$711.8
-$17.8
-$17.8
-$30.6
-$30.6
$398.2
$398.2
$681.2
$681.2
$416.7
$416.7
$676.2
$676.2
$18.5
$18.5
-$5.0
-$5.0
$1,998.9
$1,998.9
$368.4
$368.4
$2,573.4
$2,573.4
$458.1
$458. 1
$2,311.1
$2,311.1
$458.1
$458. 1
-$99.3
-$99.3
-$19.6
-$19.6
$2,211.8
$2,211,8
$438.5
$438.5
$2,216.5
$2,216.5
$460.7
$460. 7
$4,7
$4.7
$22.2
$22.2
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PROGRAM
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Research & Development
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL:
Salaries R Expenses
Program Management
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL
$3,919.5 $3,879.4 $3,846.5
$3,919.5 $3,879.4 $3,846.5
$4,199.1 $1,653.7 $1,653.7
$4,199.1 $1,653.7 $1,653.7
$16,903.1 $15,385.9 $14,973.1
TOTAL $16,903.1 $15,385.9 $14,973.1
-$165.3 $3,681.2 $3,773.7 $92.5
-$165.3 $3,681.2 $3,773.7 $92.5
-$71.1 $1,582.6 $1,670.2 $87.6
-$71.1 $1,582.6 $1,670.2 $87.6
-$643.4 $14,329.7 $14,858.8 $529.1
-$643.4 $14,329.7 $14,858.8 $529.1
Program Management -
Air And Radiation
Program Management -
Water
Program Management -
42.6
41.5
9.3
44.3
43.3
9.0
44.3
41.9
9.0
44.3
41.9
9.0
44.3
41.9
9.0
Compli ancc Moni tori ng
Program Management -
External Affairs
12.0
10.5
11.5
11.5
12.7
1.2
-------
Enforcement And
Compliance Monitoring
Program Management -
External Affai rs
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT '
Program Management
I
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
Program Management -
General Counsel
Program Management -
Research ? Development
Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Air And Radiation
Program Management -
Water
Program Management -
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
33.8 48.5 41.5
8.0 8.2 8.2
49.8 41.2 40.7
22.2 28.8 28.8
219.2 233.8 225.9
46.0 46.8 46.8
45.0 46.3 44.9
9.3 9.0 9.0
41.5 43.5 2.0
8.2 8.2
40.7 41.2 .5
28.8 30.0 1.2
225.9 230.8 4.9
46.8 46.8
44.9 44.9
9.0 9.0
15.2
12.7
13.7
13.7
12.7
-1.0
-------
ACTUAL
1985
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
BUDGET ENACTED
ESTIMATE 1986
1986
BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
TOTAL UORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
Program Management -
General Counsel
Program Management -
Research & Development
Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
41,2
9.9
55.3
27.7
54.3
10.5
57.7
32.0
47.3
10.5
57.2
32.0
47.3
10.5'
57.2
32.0
44.3
10.5
57.2
32.0
-3.0
TOTAL WOPKYEARS
249.6
269.3 261.4
261.4
257.4
-4.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Program Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,858,800 supported by 257.4 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $529,100 and a decrease of 4.0 total work years. All of
the request is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Program Description
The Program Management component provides resources generally for Assistant
Administrators, Office Directors and their immediate staffs for eight of EPA's
major offices: Air and Radiation; Mater; Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring;
External Affairs; Pesticides and Toxic Substances; General Counsel; Research and
Development; and Solid Waste and Emergency Response. Resources provide for formula-
tion of overall management and programmatic policy, and centralized planning and
budgeting activities also include the coordination and integration of programs
-throughout the Agency as well as performng liaison activities with Congress, the
Office of Management and Budget and other Federal Agencies and States.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - AIR AND RADIATION
1987Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,904,200 supported by 46.8 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The 1987 request
represents an increase of $124,900 total dollars and no change in total workyears
from 1986. The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of govern-
ment-wide deficit reductions. Major program emphases will continue to be imple-
mentation of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977, the Atomic Energy Act, the
Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act, and development of major decisions
related to these acts.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,779,300 supported by 46.8
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This program is providing management support for the Clean Air Act, the Atomic
Energy Act, and the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act. Key activities
Include: executive management direction, program planning and analysis, resource
management, and budget development. Administrative support to Office of A1r and
Radiation (OAR) programs is also being provided.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,412,000 supported by 46.0 total
workyears, all of .which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
program provided executive management, strategic planning and analysis, and budget
and administrative support to OAR programs.
MS-12
-------
PROGRAM MANASEMENT - WATER
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,74tt,6QO supported by 44.9 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This re-
quest represents an increase of $183,700 and no change in total workyears from
1986. The increase provides for additional support costs as well as program analy-
sis and evaluation studies to improve overall management of the water quality and
drinking water programs.
The 1987 request supports the development of national policy and implementation
of the national regulatory programs for the Water Quality and Drinking Water media.
Specific activities Include: management of the Office of Water operating guidance
and accountability system; development of program plans and budget for implemen-
tation of Agency policies; development of legislative initiatives and directions
and review of regulations and program policies; support to Agency geographic init-
iatives for crossmedia regulatory control and environmental results management;
tracking of budget execution; and administrative management.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,556,900 supported by 44.*9
total workyears, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The program continues to focus in 1986 on the reauthorization of the Clean Water
Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act and the accompanying process of strategy develop-
ment to Implement amendments. Activities such as long-range planning and policy
analysis, budget development and execution and administrative management will
remain ongoing activities.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,773,100 supported by 45.0 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These
resources provided for executive management, policy and long range planning and
analysis, and budget and administrative support for programs within the Office of
Water. Work continued on the reauthorization of the Clean Water Act and Safe
Drinking Water Act and Implementation of applicable portions of the Resources
Conservation and Recovery Act. In addition, the program accomplished the re-
authorization of the Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act in 1985.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING
1987 Program RecLuest
The Agency requests a total of $416,700 supported by 9.0 workyears, all of
which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an
increase of $18,500 and no change in total workyears from 1986. The dollar in-
crease reflects adjustments to the base as part of government-wide deficit reduc-
tions.
This request will be used to provide basic administrative, financial, and
management services to the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring. This
includes program planning, personnel management, budgeting, financial management,
management analysis and administrative services. These resources will also be
used to continue to provide support and oversight of the management operations of
the Denver National Enforcement Investigations Center. This level of funding will
also provide budget formulation and workload analysis support for the legal enforce-
ment functions of the ten Regional Counsels.
MS-13
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $398,200 supported by 9.0 total
workyears, all of which Is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriations.
This program provides program direction and management support for the Office
of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring (OECM). In addition to supporting the
Assistant Administrator, it Includes the OECM Management Operations functions.
The Management Operations staff is responsible for the Internal program planning,
budget formulation, financial management, and administrative operations for the
entire Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring as well as budget formulation
support for the enforcement functions of the ten Regional Counsels. The budget
formulation activities include leadership in coordination of projections for admin-
istrative and judicial enforcement activities in all statutory areas and media for
which the Agency 1s responsible.
1985
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $428,500 supported by 9.3 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
In 1985, this program provided basic program planning, management, personnel,
financial, and administrative support services to the Assistant Administrator. In
addition, this level provided resources to coordinate formulation of consistent
budget requests for enforcement and compliance monitoring activities across all
media.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - EXTERNAL AFFAIRS
1987 Prog ram Re quest
The Agency requests a total of $676,200 supported by 12.7 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
a decrease of $5,000 and 1.0 total workyear from 1986. The workyear and dollar
decreases reflect a reduction in resources devoted to special projects. In 19B7,
this office will require these resources to continue the full coordination of the
staff offices in External Affairs; to provide the necessary oversight, management,
strategies, planning, and support services to these staff offices; and to support
the Administrator and Assistant Administrators in coordinating, representing and
communicating the Agency's programs and policies to the Congress, the public,
other government entities, and the media, as well as involving the Congress,
public, government entities and the media for input into the Agency's policies.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $681,200 supported by 13.7 total
workyears, all of which Is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Major
emphasis will be placed on strengthening our strategies and procedures for communi-
cating better with outside groups by Informing affected parties in a timely manner
about EPA actions and the decisions and risks the Agency must face.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $803,600 supported by 15.2 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In 1985,
the office initiated procedures and strategies to communicate more effectively
with the public and outside groups. This program element provided the management
resources, and administrative support necessary to support the Office of External
Affairs and staff offices.
MS-14
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PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,216,500 supported by 44.3 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $4,700 and a decrease of 3.0 total workyears from 1986. The decrease
in total workyears will be possible because of more effective use of resources.
The dollar increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-
wide deficit reductions.
These resources will support senior level management of the Pesticides and
Toxic Substances programs as well as the Immediate Office of the Assistant
Administrator for Pesticides and Toxic Substances. Key activities Include: ef-
fective and efficient general management, strategic planning, and administrative
and budget support.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,211,800 supported by 47.3
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources provide senior level management of the Pesticides and Toxic
Substances programs as well as the Immediate Office of the Administrator for
Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,998,900 supported by 41.2 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - GENERAL COUNSEL
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $460,700 supported by 10.5 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $22,200 and no change in total workyears from 1986. The increase
reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions.
The request will provide for executive management and planning, budgeting,
financial management, management analysis, and administrative support services to
the Office of General Counsel.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $438,500 supported by 10.5 total
workyears, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The program provides for executive management, planning, budgeting, finan-
cial management, management analysis, and administrative support to the Office of
General Counsel.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $368,400 supported by 9.9 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
MS-15
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Activities focused on providing executive management, planning, analytical
support, budgeting, financial management, and administrative services to the
Office of General Counsel.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,773,700 supported by 57.2 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $92,500 and no change in total workyears from 1986. The dollar
increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit
reductions.
In 1987, the Office of Research and Development's (ORD) program management
activities will provide overall direction, scientific policy guidance and admin-
istrative support to a diversified research program which is conducted in Head-
quarters, 1n 14 major laboratories and various field sites across the country.
These activities will ensure the coordination of research efforts and efficient
utilizaton of resources to meet the Agency's research requirements. Specific
activities include: the formulation and dissemination of scientific and managerial
policy for ORD; the coordination of the research program planning and budgeting
cycle, including the development of research strategies and program plans for a
balanced and integrated program; the monitoring and analysis of current year
resources, research operations and research products; a liaison function, which
enables ORD to ascertain regional needs, incorporate these needs into its planning
and support regional offices throughout the year as well as work with Congress,
OMB and other Federal agencies; and the operation and maintenance of ORD's Informa-
tion Systems which support research program planning and accountability to senior
management. This program supports the smooth operation of ORD.
1986^Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,681,200 supported by 57.2
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Program management'will continue to coordinate and Integrate the entire research
and development effort of the Agency, ensuring that needs Identified by program
and Regional Offices are met.
1985 Accompl ishments
The Agency obligated a total of $3,919,500 supported by 55.3 total workyears
in 1985, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These
resources provided for the overall direction, policy guidance, management analyses,
liaison activities, program planning and budgeting, ORD's information systems,
and general administrative support.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,670,200 supported by 32.0 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $87,600 and no change in total workyears from 1986. The dollar
increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit
reductions. These resources will allow the Agency to continue to staff and operate
a complete management team within the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
(OSWER). They will provide for a wide array of policy development .and analysis
activities, institutional and public liaison functions, financial management, and
other program support activities necessary to ensure the effective operation of a
national program.
MS-16
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $1,582,600 supported by 32.0
total workyears, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This level of resources provides for a wide range of support to the Regions and
to the Agency as a whole. Expected accomplishments include the review of policy
recommendations and proposed regulations; integration of both program and enforce-
ment hazardous waste and Superfund activities; and budget preparation and justifica-
tion as well as financial management.
1985 Accompl j shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $4,199,100 supported by 27.7 total
workyears, all which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. An overall
OSWER management plan was implemented, identifying specific measures of success
milestones, and performance reviews. OSWER continued integrating hazardous waste
and Superfund activities, managing the review of policy recommendations and proposed
regulations, including proposed Superfund legislation, and maintaining effective
financial management controls.
As the Superfund program was nearing the end of Its first five year authoriza-
tion, the Agency developed and implemented a contingency plan to conserve funds
until the Superfund taxing authority 1s reauthorized. This action has enabled the
Agency to continue the program in 1986.
MS-17
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Page Intentionally Blank
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Office of the
Administrator
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices MS-19
Immediate Office of the Administrator....... MS-24
Office of Regional Operations... MS-24
Office of Executive Support MS-25
Regulatory Information Service Center.,,...,.,......,........,... MS-26
Administrator's Representation Fund MS-26
Office of International Activities.,..,.... MS-27
Office of Civil Rights MS-27
Science Advisory Board MS-28
Office of Administrative Law Judges.......... MS-29
Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization MS-29
Office of Inspector General... MS-31
Office of Inspector General MS-32
Office of General Counsel ,....-. MS-34
General Counsel MS-35
Office of External Affairs , MS-37
Office of Legislative Analysis...., , , MS-41
Office of Congressional Liaison MS-42
Office of-Public Affairs MS-42
Office of Private and Public Sector Liaison,.... MS-43
Office of Federal Activities. MS-44
Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation , MS-45
Program Management - Policy, Planning & Evaluation MS-49
Integrated Environmental Management Program MS-49
Office of Policy Analysis.... MS-50
Office of Standards & Regulations., MS-51
Office of Management Systems & Evaluation MS-52
Office of Administration & Resources Management....,..,...., MS-54
Program Management - Administration MS-59
Financial Management - Headquarters....... MS-60
Office of the Comptroller..... , MS-60
Contracts & Grants Management MS-61
Personnel & Organization Services MS-62
Facilities & Management Services ;.. MS-63
Information Systems & Services MS-64
Human Resources Management MS-65
MS-18
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
t_i
10
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Immediate Office of the
Administrator
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Regional
Operations
Salaries S Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Executive
Support
Salaries 8 Expenses
TOTAL
Regulatory Info. Svc.
Center
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Administrator's
Representation Fund
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of International
Activities
Salaries 8 Expenses
TOTAL
$1,952.3
$1,952.3
$247.8
$247.8
$800.6
$800.6
$530.7
$530.7
$2.2
$2.2
$1,134.7
$1,134.7
$1,824.6
$1,824.6
$274.5
$274.5
$829.8
$829.8
$526.3
$526.3
$3.0
$3.0
$1,156.8
$1,156.8
$2,285.1
$2,285.1
$328.4
$328.4
$796.2
$796.2
$517.0
$517.0
$3.0
$3;0
$1,062.2
$1,062.2.
-$98.4
-$98.4
-$14.1
-$14.1
-$34.3
-$34.3
-$22.2
-$22.2
-$.1
-$.1
-$45.6
-$45.6
$2,186.7
$2,186.7
$314.3
$314.3
$761.9
$761.9
$494.8
$494.8
$2.9
$2.9
$1,016.6
$1,016.6
$2,269.4
$2,269.4
$329.9
$329.9
$856. 1
$856. 1
$3.2 .
$3.2
$1,127.9
$1,127.9
$82.7
$82.7
$15.6
$15.6
$94.2
$94.2
-$494.8
-$494.8
$.3
$.3
$111.3
$111.3
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIHATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of Civil Rights
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Science Advisory Board
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of
Administrative Law
Judges
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Small &
Di sad va lit aged Business
Utilization
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Admlnl- TOTAL
$1,315.7
$1,315.7
$1,228.8
$1,228.8
$724.9
$724.9
$537.8
$537.8
$8,475.5
$8,475.5
$1,096.3
$1,096.3
$1,246.5
$1,246.5
$761.8
$761.8
$457.0
$457.0
$8,176.6
$8,176.6
$1,290.6
$1,290.6
$1,242.4
$1,242.4
$751.2
$751.2
$557.4
$557.4
$8,833.5
$8,833.5
-$55.7
-$55.7
-$53.5
-$53.5
-$32.3
-$32.3
-$23.9
-$23.9
-$380.1
-$380.1
$1,234.9
$1,234.9
$1,188.9
$1,188.9
$718.9
$718.9
$533.5
$533.5
$8,453.4
$8,453.4
$1,276.2
$1,276.2
$1,276.3
$1,276.3
$813.0
$813.0
$516.6
$516.6
$8,468.6
$8,468.6
$41.3
$41.3
$87.4
$87.4
$94.1
$94.1
-$16.9
-$16.9
$15.2
$15.2
strator/Executive Office
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Immediate Office of The
Administrator
Office of Regional
Operations
34.7
4.5
30.3
4.0
40.3
5.0
40.3 40..3
5.0 5.0
-------
Administrative Law
Judges
Office of. Small «
Disadvantaged Business
Utilization
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Office
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
Office of Executive
Support
Regulatory Information
Service Center
Office of International
Activities
Office of Civil Rights
Science Advisory Board
Office of
21.3
4.8
17.6
21.9
11.8
14.3
(DOLLARS 1
19.2
5.0
19.0
18.8
14.1
15.0
[N THOUSANDS)
19.2
19.0
21.8
14.1
15.0
19-. 2
19.0
21.8
14.1
15.0
19.2
19.0
21.8
14.1
15.0
8.0
138.9
5.1
130.5
6.1
140.5
6.1
140.5
6.1
140.5
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Immediate Office of The
Adminstrator
Office of Regional
Operations
37.5
4.5
33.3
4.0
43.3
5.0
43.3 43.3
5.0 5.0
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8!
Administrative Law
Judges
Office of Small «
Dlsadvantaged Business
Utilization
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
Office of Executive
Support
Regulatory Information
Service Center
Office of International
Activities
Office of Civil Rights
Science Advisory Board
Office of
ACTUAL
1985
24.1
5.5
21.9
23.7
19.9
14.3
BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8
5.0
22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0
20,8 23.8 23.8 23.8
23.9 23.9 23.9 23.9
15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6
8.6
5.9
6.9
6.9
6.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
160.0
154.3 164.3
164.3 164.3
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of the Administrator/Staff Offices
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,468,600 supported by 164.3 total workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $15,200 and no change In workyears from 1986. All of the
request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Program Description
These resources support the Immediate Office of the Administrator and the
staff offices which report directly to the Administrator. The Administrator and
Deputy Administrator are responsible for providing policy guidance and direction
to the Agency and ensuring Implementation of their policies; the staff offices
provide cross-cutting Agency guidance for scientific review of regulations and
research, international environmental Initiatives, as well as civil rights, adminis-
trative law hearings, regional communication, and support for small and dlsadvan-
taged businesses.
Irnmediate Office of the Administrator This office Includes: the Admini-
stratorandDeputy Administrator, special assistants to the Administrator and
Deputy Administrator for the various program areas, Judicial Officers, and clerical
support staff.
Off1ce of Regi onal Operations, This office provides Headquarters with a
stronger and more effective link to each of the ten Regional offices* This link
ensures that the Administrator's policies are effectively communicated to the
Regional Administrators, that the Regions are Included 1n the policy-making process,
that the Administrator 1s alerted to any potential Regional problems and concerns,
and that significant Regional Issues are coordinated with Headquarters program
offices.
Of flee of .Executlve Support This office provides centralized budget plan-
ning an
-------
ScienceAdvisory Board -- The Board consists of a Director, professional and
clerical staff, and independent scientists and engineers who advise the Admin-
istrator on the scientific and technical bases of the Agency's decisions. They
review the scientific basis of regulatory proposals, the adequacy of Agency re-
search and the research planning process, the five-year research and development
plan, as well as special requests from the Administrator, the Deputy Administrator
and the Congress.
Officeof Administrative Law Judges *- Judges from this office preside over
and conducthearingsrequired by the Administrative Procedures Act related to ap-
peals of Agency regulations and decisions.
Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization This office provides
Agencywi de oversight Tn implementing programs under Sections 8 and 15 of the
Small Business Act, as amended, and develops national policy for EPA for implementing
the Agencywide minority and women's business enterprise program.
IMMEDIATE OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,269,400 supported by 43.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. This represents an increase of $82,700 and no change in total workyears
from 1986. The increase reflects greater emphasis on resolving administrative
actions. The office is responsible for Agency policy and direction, leadership,
management and setting environmental goals. In 1987, emphasis will be put on
the Judicial Officer function to review and approve final decisions on Equffl
Employment Opportunity (EEQ) cases that have been coordinated by the Office of
Civil Rights (OCR) and to process the expanding number of environmental cases sent
to the Administrator for final decision.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,186,700 supported by 43.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. The major priorities in the Immediate Office are increased emphasis
on enforcement and compliance efforts of both .environmental and civil rights
regulations, continued delegations to State and local governments, and continued
support of enhanced science as a basis for decision-making.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,952,300 supported by 37.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The major focus of activity in the Immediate Office was to pursue
delegation of programs to State and local governments, support enhanced science
as a basis for decision-making and managing risk, and ensure better internal manage*
ment.
OFFICE OF REGIONAL OPERATIONS
1987Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $329,900 supported by 5.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $15,600 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit
MS-24
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reductions. The office will continue to ensure that the Administrator's policies
are effectively communicated to the Regional Administrators; that the Administrator
Is alerted to potential Regional problems and concerns; and that the Administrator
is assisted 1n managing significant Regional Issues. The office will also Increase
emphasis on addressing the basic management needs of the Environmental Services
Divisions.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $314,300 supported by 5.0 total
workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
office 1s continuing to provide a key communications link between the Administrator
and the ten Regional offices, and to be involved in Regional budget Issues. The
office will also put emphasis on providing guidance and coordination for the ten
Environmental Services Divisions.
1985 Accomplishmejts
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $247,800 supported by 4.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. The Office ensured that the Administrator's policies were effectively
communicated to the Regional Administrators, that the Regions were included in
the policy-making and decision-making processes, and that the Administrator was
kept informed of Regional concerns and issues. In addition, the Office carried
out Its new responsibility as the Headquarters focal point for the Agency's Environ-
mental Services Divisions.
OFFICE OF EXECUTIVE SUPPORT
1987Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $856,100 supported by 23.8 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an Increase of $94,200 and no change 1n total workyears from 1986. The
increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit
reductions. This office will provide administrative, personnel, and budget sup-
port to the Administrator's staff offices and to manage the Agency's correspondence
and its Freedom of Information program.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $761,900 supported by 23.8 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The office is monitoring resource expenditures, developing the
outyear budget for the staff offices, providing centralized personnel and adminis-
trative support services, and assisting staff offices with recruitment and staffing
and property control. The office is continuing to prepare a yearly report to Con-
gress on the cost to the Agency and to the public of administering the Freedom of
Information Act, to provide policy and program oversight on the Freedom of Informa-
tion program, and to manage and track executive and Congressional correspondence.
1985Accomplijhments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $800,600 supported by 24.1 total work-
years for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The office completed monthly financial and operating plan reports, developed
MS-25
-------
the out-year budget for the staff offices and workload analysis for Regional Manage-
ment, and provided personnel advice and assistance and staffing plan development,
administrative services, and resource and computer planning studies for the
Administrator's staff offices. The office also logged, controlled, and tracked all
Freedom of Information requests, Congressional correspondence, and correspondence
addressed to the Administrator and the Deputy Administrator.
REGULATORY INFORMATION SERVICE CENTER
1987 Program Request
No resources are requested for the Regulatory Information Service Center
(RISC). This function will be funded by the General Services Administration (GSA)
in 1987.
1986 Program
The Regulatory Information Service Center 1s allocating a total of $494,800,
all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Agency will
reimburse GSA for the RISC function under an Interagency agreement, The Center
will produce the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulations for October 1985 and April
1986 and will continue its monthly analysis of Federal Register Statistics.
1 985 Accompl 1 s hments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $530,700 supported by 5.5 total work-
years for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The Center coordinated the publication of the Unif Jgd Agenda of Federal Re-
gulations for October 1984 and April 1985. The Center also utilized Its automated
data base of Federal government regulatory activity and conducted monthly analyses
of Federal Register statistics.
ADMINISTRATOR'S REPRESENTATION FUND
1 987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,200 for this program, all of which will be for
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This' reflects an Increase of $300 from
the 1986 level. This fund will enable the Administrator to host official recep-
tions, meetings, and affairs for visiting dignitaries and officials.
l)86
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $2,900 to this program, all of
which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, to cover the expenses of
official receptions and other functions.
1 985 Accompl is hments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,200 for this function all of which
was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This amount covered the expenses
of official receptions and other functions.
MS-26
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OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,127,900 supported by 22.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an Increase of $111,300 and no change In total workyears from 1986.
The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions. The office will continue to manage the Agency's International
activities and programs with an active role in bilateral agreements and Interna-
tional organizations. Among the international organizations with which the office
will play an active role are the Office for Economic and Cooperation Development,
the United Nations Environment Program, and the Economic Commission for Europe.
In addition, the office will serve as the Federal Agency Coordinator for the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Committee on Challenges on Modern
Societies (CCMS).
1986 Program
In 1986. the Agency 1s allocating a total of $1,016,600 supported by 22.0
total workyears to this office, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The office 1s continuing to provide guidance, coordination and
exchange of scientific and technical Information on a regular basis in support
of Agency programs and to promote agreed upon approaches to common environmental
problems with border countries, Including development of an environmental agreement
with Mexico to control border sanitation problems and re-negotiation of a Great
Lakes Water Quality Agreement.
1985 Accomplishpents
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,134,700 supported by 21.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. Dealing with border pollution problems with Canada and Mexico dominated
the focus of the office. This Included negotiations on a transboundary air
quality agreement, a joint plan to reduce phosphorous levels in the Great Lakes,
cooperative efforts to remedy the pollution In the Niagara River Basin, and negotia-
tions with Mexico concerning a new border agreement on control of border sanitation
problems. New Initiatives were also taken in support of bilateral cooperation
with West Germany, Brazil, China, the Netherlands, USSR, and the Caribbean nations.
Emphasis was also directed towards the harmonization of regulatory practices to
meet environmental objectives and to facilitate trade and environmental aspects
of trade in chemicals and shipment of hazardous wastes.
OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,276,200 supported by 23.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an Increase of $41,300 and no change 1n total workyears from 1986.
The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions. In 1987, the Office of Civil Rights will continue to provide
technical guidance and direction to the Agency's civil rights efforts; assume
responsibility for policy and Implementation of the discrimination complaints
processing system; expand and Improve the Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)
counseling program to resolve complaints through informal conciliation; and
strengthen the Special Emphasis programs by conducting seminars and workshops for
special emphasis employees and Agency managers.
MS-27
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1986 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $1,234,900 supported by 23.8 total work-
years for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. These resources are enabling the Office of Civil Rights to continue to pro-
vide technical guidance and direction for the Agency's Civil Rights efforts.
Increased emphasis is being placed on reducing the average processing time for com-
plaints of discrimination, expanding the special emphasis program management to
include full-time Black Employment and Federal Women's program management; and
strengthen! ng the Agency's participation in the Historically Black Colleges and
Universities program.
1 985 Accprnpl i s hment s
The Agency obligated a total of $1,315,700 supported by 23.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office of Civil Rights improved the external complaints system, provided
training to Office of Civil Rights' staff and Agency managers, expanded Agency*
wide recruitment efforts; provided technical guidance and direction for the Agency's
civil rights efforts; and provided continuous monitoring of affirmative action
plan implementation. This office also expanded and improved the EEO counseling
program; strengthened and improved the special emphasis programs; strengthened
the Agency's participation in the Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Program; and improved the implementation of the Agency's policy on non-discrimina-
tion in Federally-assisted programs.
SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,276,300 supported by 23.9 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an increase of $87,400 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions. The Administrator will identify approximately 64 regulatory
issues for the Science Advisory Board (SAB) to review 1n 1987. The increase in
reviews will be performed primarily by the Radiation Effects Committee.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,188,900 supported by 23.9
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The Science Advisory Board is providing expert, independent advice
to the Administrator and the Agency on 54 scientific and technical issues facing
the Agency.
The Agency obligated a total of $1,228,800 supported by 19.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The SAB was involved in 54 reviews during 1985. Included amoung these reviews
were issues relating to hazardous air pollutants, toxic substances, radioactive
waste disposal standards, asbestos in drinking water, hazardous waste incineration
at sea and on land, nitrogen dioxide health effects, and toxic .air pollutants.
MS-28
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OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $813,000 supported by 15.6 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an Increase of $94,100 and no change 1n total workyears from 1986.
The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions. In 1987, this office will continue to preside over and con-
duct hearings required by the Administrative Procedures Act related to suspension,
cancellation, licensing and enforcement actions, Including the assessment of
civil penalties Initiated by the Agency. Preliminary estimates Indicate that
there will be approximately 1100 cases on the docket, an Increase of approximately
200 cases from 1986. The Administrative Law Judges will also continue to adjudicate
civil rights cases Investigated by the Office of Civil Rights.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $718,900 supported by 15.6 total
workyears, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The office
expects to receive 880 cases from EPA Regional offices In 1986. Of this total,
186 cases are expected to be under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA), 524 cases under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), and 131 cases
under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodentlcide Act (FIFRA). In addition,
this office is handling a total of 39 cases originating at Headquarters, Including
suspensions; cancellations; FIFRA; and Clean Air Act cases.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $724,900 supported by 14.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This office maintained a docket of 765 cases. Of these cases, 162
were under RCRA; 450 were under TSCA; and 114 cases were under FIFRA. In addition,
the office adjudicated civil rights cases Investigated by the Office of Civil
Rights*
OFFICE OF SMALL AND DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS UTILIZATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $516,600 supported by 6.9 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $16,900 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
The decrease reflects adjustments to personnel, compensation and benefit costs
based on current staffing patterns. The office will continue to provide technical
assistance to both Headquarters and Regional program office personnel to ensure
that small, minority and/or women's businesses are receiving a "fair share" of
procurement dollars under EPA's Financial Assistance Program. In addition, the
Ombudsman 1s expected to respond to 3,500 inquiries from small firms on regulatory
matters.
1986 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $533,500 supported by 6.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
In 1986, emphasis is being put on handling additional "Hotline" calls, Implementing
a Small Business Ombudsman Strategy, creating business regulatory outreach demon-
stration projects, and promoting Minority Business Enterprise and Women's Business
MS-29
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Enterprise participation in the Agency's financial assistance programs to comply
with Executive Order 12432. The office is also assisting in carrying out a White
House conference on small business issues preceded by small business conferences
in all 50 states,
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $537,800 supported by 8.6 total work-
years for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The office coordinated activities with EPA's procurement and financial
assistance programs by providing training and technical assistance; provided assis-
tance toward increasing the level of Minority Business Enterprise/Women's Business
Enterprise (MBE/WBE) participation in EPA-assisted programs by creating source
lists and a complete Central Resource Directory (CRD) for use by contract officers,
program managers and grant recipients, and by developing and implementing indirect
procurement policy guidance; and provided technical and managerial assistance
to Headquarters and Regional staff assigned to socioeconomic program activities
and counseling to minority and women's business 1n compliance with Executive Order
12432. The office also provided a "Hotline" for small businesses concerning EPA
regulations.
MS-30
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Office of Inspector
General
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Inspector General
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Office of Inspector
General
Salaries & Expenses $14,331.4 $14,929.3 $14,794.2 -$636.2 $14,158.0 $14,748.7
TOTAL $14,331.4 $14,929.3 $14,794.2 -$636.2 $14,158.0 $14,748.7
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
$14,331.4 $14,929.3 $14,794.2 -$636.2 $14,158.0 $14,748.7
$590.7
$590.7
$590.7
Office of Inspector TOTAL $14,331.4 $14,929.3 $14,794.2 -$636.2 $14,158.0 $14,748.7 $590.7
General
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of Inspector
General
TOTAL PEP.MANENT WORKYEARS
218.7 221.7 221.7
218.7 221.7 221.7
221.7 218.4
221.7
218.4
-3.3
-3.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of Inspector
General
224.5
225.7 225.7
225.7 222.4
-3.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
224.5
225.7 225.7
225.7 222.4
-3.3
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Offtee of Inspector General
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,748,700 supported by 222.4 total workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $590,700 and a decrease of 3.3 in total workyears from
1986. All of this request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
ProgramDescription
This office is responsible for conducting, supervising, and coordinating audits
and investigations relating to EPA programs and operations; promoting economy, effi-
ciency, and effectiveness in the administration of EPA programs; preventing and
detecting fraud and abuse in EPA programs and operations; keeping the Administrator
and the Congress advised of problem areas and related corrective action; and review-
ing EPA regulations and legislation.
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,748,700 supported by 222.4 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an Increase of $590,700 and a decrease of 3.3 1n total workyears from 1986. The
decrease in workyears reflects decreased need for internal audits and investiga-
tions of anti-trust activities and other construction related fraud due to a reduc-
tion in the size of the construction grants program. The increase will finance
preaward, interim and final audits of grants and contracts requested by Agency
management.
The resources requested will be used by the Office of Inspector General (OIG)
to continue conducting Internal and management audits to Improve the economy,
effectiveness, and efficiency of EPA programs and provide audit coverage to EPA
programs and operations which have received little or no attention in the past.
We plan to perform major internal audits in the Office of Research and Development,
and the Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, and continue coverage of major
segments of the air, water, and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
programs. We also plan to continue our program of external audits of grants and
contracts which have historically provided $14 in recovered costs for each audit
dollar spent.
The OIG will continue its investigations of antitrust activities and other
construction-related fraud and will aggressively pursue new initiatives to search
for fraud in the minority business enterprise program and submission of fraudulent
documentation involving foreign vehicles. It will continue Its efforts in fraud
prevention, publicizing its activities to EPA employees, identifying areas sensitive
to fraud, and developing new fraud detection methods.
J.986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $14,158,000 supported by 225.7
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office of Inspector General 1s continuing Its efforts in performing internal
MS-32
-------
and management audits needed to help improve the economy, efficiency, and effec-
tiveness of overall program operations. Primary emphasis is on reviewing programs
or areas in which sufficient audit resources have not been devoted in the past.
For example, reviews are planned for Regional management of the section 105 air
grant program, groundwater compliance with RCRA, and the Office of Mobile Sources
enforcement activities. Such reviews protect the environment by ensuring effective
program operations and they improve the economy and efficiency of their operating
methods.
OIG investigative resources are devoted to conducting criminal investigations
relating to EPA programs and operations involving bid rigging and other fraud in
EPA-funded construction activities; procurement fraud and false claims; fraud and
misconduct involving EPA employees; unlawful disclosure of confidential business
information; and administrative investigations of improprieties involving EPA
programs and personnel. New initiatives have been aggressively undertaken to
identify fraud in the minority business enterprise program and examine submission
of fraudulent documentation involving importation of foreign vehicles. Continued
efforts are being made to encourage the use of the OIG hotline to uncover instances
of suspected fraud, waste, and mismanagement. Under the fraud prevention program,
the OIG is providing technical and audit assistance to elements of the Agency as-
sessing the adequacy of internal controls as required by the Federal Managers'
Financial Integrity Act of 1982.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $14,331,400 supported by 224.5 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Office of Inspector General issued 1,596 audit reports which questioned costs of
$162,500,000. On an overall basis, $62,900,000 of costs questioned were sustained
by Agency management. During the year, the Agency obtained $2,800,000 of cost
efficiencies and $27,100,000 of actual cash recoveries as a result of audit efforts.
An expanded internal and management audit program was implemented and about 35 per-
cent of the OIG audit resources were devoted to examining many critical areas which
had never been tested in EPA before. Internal audits provided recommendations for
improving the effectiveness, efficiency, and results of program operations such as:
1. Required the use of recommended sampling methods for identifying asbestos*
1n-schools since methods being followed provided limited assurance that
asbestos would be found.
Z. Strengthened EPA grant administration procedures to ensure that grant
awards are made only to States that maintain a required level-of-effort
and meet agreed upon commitments.
3. Provided effective management for $7,000,000 of personal property and
improving controls to prevent unreasonable or improper payments to con-
tractors.
4. Resolved disputes in a timely manner and charged interest on disputed
receivables. The OIG estimates that $1,000,000 may be saved annually.
The OIG opened 445 new Investigations and closed 447 Investigations, obtaining
32 indictments and convictions. Significant results were achieved in Investigations
of construction-related fraud, the minority business enterprise program, and the
submission of fraudulent documentation involving foreign vehicles.
MS-33
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Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Office of General
Counsel
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentions 1'ly Blank
-------
ACTUAL
1985
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of General Counsel
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986 .
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
?
Office of General
Counsel
Salaries fi Expenses
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Office of General
Counsel
TOTAL
TOTAL
$6,618.3 $6,632.0 $6,479.0
$6,618.3 $6,632.0 $6,479.0
$6,618.3 $6,632.0 $6,479.0
$6,618.3 $6,632.0 $6,479.0
-$278.7' $6,200.3 $6,414.9 $214.6
-$278.7 $6,200.3 $6,414.9 $214.6
-$278.7 $6,200.3 $6,414.9 $214.6
-$278,7 $6,200.3 $6,414.9 $214.6
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of General
Counsel
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
112.4
112.4
121.0 119.3
121.0
119.3
119.3 119.3
119.3 119.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of General
Counsel
TOTAL WORKYEARS
124.3
124. J
131.5
131.5
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
126.5
126.5
-3.3
-3.3
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of General Counsel
BudgetRequest
The Agency requests a total of $6,414,900 supported by 126.5 total workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $214,600 and a decrease of 3.3 total workyears from 1986.
All of the request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
ProgramDescription
The Office of General Counsel provides legal advice and counsel to the Agency's
top management and media program offices concerning legal Interpretation of EPA
administered statutes, other applicable laws, and such matters as personnel, grants,
and contracts. In addition, the program 1s responsible for litigation activity 1n
which EPA 1s a defendant. These resources provide legal advice to the Agency In
all major regulatory actions, or other Agency actions 1n which litigation 1s likely,
to ensure that legal error is avoided and legal positions are presented in the
most persuasive manner.
GENERAL COUNSEL
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,414,900 supported by 126.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $214,600 and a decrease of 3.3 total workyears from
1986. The decrease in workyears reflects a streamlining of program operations.
The increase will provide for increased operating costs.
Priority functions 1n 1987 will Include handling all litigation 1n which EPA
is a defendant. It will also Include support to: accelerated Resource Conserva-
tion and Recovery Act (RCRA) rulemaklng; RCRA State authorizations; National Pollu-
tant Discharge Elimination System and Safe Drinking Water Act permit reviews; Fed-
eral Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act adjudicator^ proceedings; Rebutt-
able Presumptions Against Registration (special review) and registration standard
conclusions; Clean Air Act National Ambient Air Quality Standards revisions;
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; State Implementation
Plan reviews; support to assistance programs; bid protests; debamerit and suspen-
sion oversight; Freedom of Information Act responses; Inspector General; personnel;
ethics matters; and consultation and advice regarding such matters as Interpreta-
tion and Implementation of regulations, statutes, and administrative procedures.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,200,300 supported by 129.8
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The 1986 program provides continued support to Agency program
priorities through legal advice and assistance, handling defensive litigation,
review of Agency rulemaklng actions, and participating in selected administrative
proceedings.
MS-35
-------
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,618,300 supported by 124.3 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In 1985,
the General Counsel supported Agency priorites by providing legal advice and support
to Agency managers and by defending the Agency in litigation filed against it.
The Office of General Counsel also reviewed regulatory actions to ensure legal
defensibility and provided advice on other actions, such as grants, contracts, and
personnel matters.
MS-36
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Page Intentionally Blank
-------
Office of External
Affairs
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of External Affairs
u
PROGRAM
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Public
Affairs
Salaries fi Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Private and
Public Sector Liaison
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Federal
Activities
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Office of External TOTAL
Affaire
ACTUAL
1985
$817.9
$817.9
$772.6
$772.6
$2,431.1
$2,431.1
$668. 5
$668.5
$1,936.2
$1,936.2
$6,626.3
$6,626.3
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$941.7 $939.9 -$40.5
$941.7 $939.9 -$40.5
$937.2
$937.2
$2,552.0
$2,552.0
$578.4
$578.4
$1,637.8
$1,637.8
$6,647.1
$6,647.1
$865. 3
$865.3
$2,489.8
$2,489.8
$638. 5
$638.5
$1,627.4
$1,627.4
$6,560.9
$6,650.9
-$37.2
-$37.2
-$107.1
-$107.1
-$27.5
-$27.5
-$70.2
-$70.2
-$282,5
-$282.5
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$899.4
$899.4
$828. 1
$828. 1
$2,382.7
$2,382.7
$611.0
$611.0
$1,557.2
$1,557.2
$6,278.4
$6,278.4
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
$945.1
$945.1
$867.3
$867.3
$2,521.7
$2,521.7
$635.2
$635.2
$1,675.3
$1,675.3
$6,644.6
$6,644.6
i
$45.7
$45.7
$39.2
$39.2
$139.0
$139.0
$24.2
$24.2
$118.1
$118.1
$366.2
$366. 2
-------
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of External Affairs
3,
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Office of Public
Affairs
Office of Private and
Public Sector Liaison
Office of Federal
Activities
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Office of Public
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
198ft
(DOLLARS
15.6 13.9
16.5 19.5
43. 2 43.6
11.0 9.7
30.1 24.8
116.4 111.5
18.9 20.9
18.4 21,5
47.6 48.6
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
13.9
19.5
4L6
11.7
24.8
111.5
20.9
21.5
46.6
13.9
19.5
41.6
11,7
24.8
111.5
20.9
21.5
46.6
13.9
19.5
41.6
11.4 -0.3
24.8
111.2 -0.3
20.9
21.5
46.6
Affai rs
-------
ACTUAL
1985
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of External Affairs
BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of Private and
Public Sector Liaison
Office of Federal
Activities
TOTAL WCRKYEARS
12.8
33.6
131.3
9.7
29.8
11.7
29.8
130.5 130.5
11.7
29.8
130.5
11.4
29.8
130.2
-0.3
-0.3
u>
V)
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of External Affairs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,644,600 supported by 130.2 total workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $366,200 and a decrease of 0.3 total workyears from 1986.
All of the request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
ProgramDescription
These resources include the salaries and associated costs for the Immediate
Office of the Assistant Administrator, the Office of Congressional Liaison, the
Office of Legislative Analysis, the Office of Public Affairs (OPA), the Office of
Private and Public Sector Liaison, and the Office of Federal Activities (OFA}.
The Office of External Affairs provides a clear interpretation of the Agency's
program and priorities to increase Agency effectiveness by improving Congressional
liaison, by establishing outreach to broaden our public involvement through State
and local contacts, public Interest groups, and citizen participation, and by
reaffirming and strengthening Federal agency contacts.
Office of Legis1 at1 ye Analys1s This office 1s responsible for preparing
Agency draft legfsiation, developlng testimony for Agency officials to present
before Congress, and conducting analyses of environmentally related legislation
developed by the Congress. It-works closely with the Administrator, the Assistant
Administrator for External Affairs, and the program and Regional offices in develop-
ing the Agency's legislative program and 1n guiding specific legislative proposals
through the inter-agency legislative review process. This office also maintains
the Agency's Legislative Reference Library and provides legislative research ser-
vices for the Agency.
Office of Congressional Liaison This office serves as the principal point
of Congressional contact for the Agency. It provides daily summaries of Congres-
sional activities throughout EPA and provides recommendations, advice, and assist-
ance to the Administrator, the Assistant Administrator for External Affairs, and
other senior policy officials involved in the development, presentation, and im-
plementation of the Agency's legislative program. The office reviews all Congres-
sional correspondence, responds to Congressional requests for information and
Agency publications, and coordinates grant and contract announcements to Congress.
Office of Public Affairs This office develops Agency policy for media
relations and public information. Activities include: preparing press releases
and feature materials for media distribution; responding to press inquiries; con-
ducting press conferences and briefings; coordinating media appearances of key
Agency officials; compiling daily and weekly news clips of national press coverage.
The office also prepares publications for the general public on major programs and
EPA activities; produces newsletters for internal EPA use; supervises the nation-
wide EPA community relations program to involve citizens in EPA decisions and
actions; supports television and radio outlets nationwide with audiovisual materials
explaining EPA programs; and reviews all public information materials for confor-
mance to the Agency's Graphics Standards System.
Office of Private and Public Sector Liaison This office serves as the
Agency's principalpoint ofcontact ^ith major national public interest groups,
environmental groups, industry representatives, and State and local governments,
and advises the Administrator and other Agency officials on the positions and
views of these groups and develops appropriate strategies for effective interac-
tions and dialogue with them and their constituencies. The office will continue
MS-40
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to emphasize the Administrator's concern for developing cooperation and support
for delegating Agency programs to State and local government and for broadening
the base of involvement in the Agency's regulatory decision making process.
Office of Federal Act i vi t i es -- This office develops national policies for
dealing with environmentalissues and problems associated with Federal agencies.
Specifically, OFA: 1) ensures that EPA prepares Environmental Impact Statements
(EISs) or Findings of No Significant Impact for those Agency programs specifically
covered by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and assists Agency pro-
grams with reviews that are the functional equivalent for those programs that are
not specifically covered by NEPA; 2) oversees Federal facility compliance with all
EPA pollution control requirements, pursuant to Executive Order 12088; 3) ensures
that Federal agencies carry out their activities in an environmentally sound
manner pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act and Section 309 of the
Clean Air Act; 4) develops policies for dealing with environmental problems on
Indian reservations and implements such policies; and 5) 1n concert with the Army
Corps of Engineers, manages the Dredge and Fill program under Section 404 of the
Clean Hater Act. Finally, in support of the Council on Environmental Quality, OFA
files and publishes notices of all Federal Environmental Impact Statements.
OFFICE OF LEGISLATIVE ANALYSIS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $945,100 supported by 20.9 total workyears for
this office, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $45,700 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
This Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions. During 1987, the office will continue to ensure that testi-
mony, draft legislation, and analyses and reports on pending and proposed legisla-
tion will be developed and provided to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
and the Congress in a timely fashion and consistent with Agency and Administration
policies.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $899,400 supported by 20.9 total
workyears for this office, all of which Is from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The Office of Legislative Analysis provides leadership and support for
special Agency working groups to draft legislative Initiatives, develops testimony
and provides required reports on legislation to Congress and OMB. In addition to
providing technical support to the Agency programs and Regional offices on the
major environmental legislation developing in Congress, special attention 1s
devoted to reauthorization of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensa-
tion and Liability Act, Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Toxic Substances Control
Act, and Safe Drinking Water Act. The office is also responsible for representing
the Agency in all legislation-related day-to-day contacts with the Office of
Management and Budget and other Federal agencies.
1985 Aceorop1i shroents
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $817,900 supported by 18.9 total work-
years for this office, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office developed draft legislative proposals extending the appropriations
required for all of EPA's major statutory authorities: Clean Water Act, Clean A1r
Act, Safe Drinking Water Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Marine Protec-
tion, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, Toxic Substances Control Act, and Federal
Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodentidde Act. The Office began preparation of the
MS-41
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1986 legislative program and selected areas In which legislative proposals would
be developed in the 99th Congress. The Office developed testimony and related
material for 69 hearings, reviewed and responded to 176 bills- referred to the
Agency from OMB and Congressional Committees, 64 draft legislative reports pro-
posed by other agencies, and 86 statements or testimony of other agencies. The
Office also provided recommendations to the President on 17 enrolled bills.
OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL LIAISON
1987 P rogram J^ejue sj:
The Agency requests a total of $857,300 supported by 21.5 total wprkyears for
this office, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $39,200 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
reductions. The continuing use of computerized data bases for routine information
functions within Congressional Liaison will enable the staff to deal more rapidly
with some types of Congressional requests 1n 1987. The budget request will enable
the office to provide effective day-to-day liaison with the Congress and will
ensure that Member and Committee requests are handled 1n a timely manner.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $828,100 supported by 21.5 total
workyears for this office, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The Office of Congressional Liaison represents the views of the Agency
before Congress and is responsible for the coordination of EPA-related hearings,
the briefing of affected Congressional delegations, and the supervision of Congres-
sional ly generated casework and all daily Interaction with Congressional Members
and staff. Special attention in the 99th Congress is being placed on Congressional
actions involving such major pieces of legislation as the Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), Clean Mater Act, and
Safe Drinking Water Act. Action on the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), Clean
Air Act, and FIFRA also continue .to be significant.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $772,600 supported by 18.4 total
workyears for this office, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The Office of Congressional Liaison was responsible for all day-to-day
Congressional contacts, Including more than 200 briefings of members and/or staff,
Involvement 1n approximately 80 hearings, and coordination of more than 70 specific
Committee Investigative information requests.
OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS
1987 Program Request :t
The Agency requests a total of $2,521,700 supported by 46.6 total workyears
for this office, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $139,000 and no change 1n total workyears from 1986.
The Increase results from Increased operating expenses. In 1987, the Office of
Public Affairs (OPA) will continue to inform, educate, and Involve the public on
the issues before the Agency and to promote understanding of the Agency's mission
and the Administrator's goals and objectives.
MS-42
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,382,700 supported by 46.6 total
workyears for this office, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. In addition to working with the news media and providing informational
materials for the general public, OPA is emphasizing: (1) providing leadership and
guidance to strengthen EPA community relations activities; (2) improving coordina-
tion within the Agency of communication activities related to major Agency actions;
and (3) strengthening long-range planning of public information activities in
coordination with major EPA program offices and the Regional offices.
1985 _Ac_cgn!p_1_lshmje!nts
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,431,100 supported by 47.6 total
workyears for this office, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. In addition to the general activities of informing the news media and provid-
ing information material to the public, the office improved the cost-effectiveness
of the information program by focusing on Agency priority issues of broad concern
to the public, strengthened its system for keeping appropriate Agency personnel
informed of community relations activities, and provided communications support
for major EPA initiatives* including ground-water protection and "a national air
toxics strategy.
%
OFFICE OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR LIAISON
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $635,200 supported by 11.4 total workyears
for this office, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $24,200 and a decrease of 0.3 total workyears from
1986. The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
reductions. The decrease results from a planned reduction in administrative per-
sonnel. In 1987, the office expects to enhance its program of communication and
liaison with State and local elected officials, major Intergovernmental constituency
organizations (ICOs), private sector organizations and associations, environmental
interest groups and the youth constituency. The office will also continue to
assist in delegation of environmental programs to State and local governments and
will assist all groups with information requests, arranging and attending meetings,
and encouraging involvement in the regulatory process.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $611,000 supported by 11.7 total
workyears for this office, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The office 1s improving communication with elected State and local officials
through regular contact with ICOs and environmental and Industry organizations and
interest groups; representing the Agency at meetings conducted by ICO environmental
committees; developing an Agency policy on the review of ICO contract and grant
requests to ensure relevant and cost effective work products; participating in
Agency-wide work groups on EPA policy management issues; communicating regularly
with elected State and local officials; and providing advice on State and local
concerns to senior Agency officials*
19J5 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $668,500 supported by 12.8 total
workyears for this office, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. During 1985, the office established and improved basic working relation-
ships with Intergovernmental constituency organizations, attended and/or addressed
numerous meetings of ICO environmental committees, began a series of Informal
meetings with various business groups, initiated quarterly meetings of the EPA/State
Committee and maintained daily dialogue with elected State and local officials.
MS-43
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OFFICE OF FEDERAL ACTIVITIES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,675,300 supported by 29.8 total workyears
for this office, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $118,100 and no change In total workyears from 1986.
The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions. The Office of Federal Activities (OFA) will maintain oversight
concerning EPA's compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA),
Including preparation of the necessary environmental documents for NEPA compliance,
such as environmental Impact statements (EISs); direct activities to assure
compliance by other Federal agencies with all environmental statutes pursuant to
Executive Order 12038 and review the budget plans of other agencies to assure
adequate funding of abatement projects pursuant to Office of Management and Budget
Circular A-106; review other Federal agencies' projects and actions, Including
their EISs in accordance with section 309 of the Clean Air Act and NEPA; coordinate
the Implementation of EPA programs on Indian reservations, and manage the Dredge
and Fill Program.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $1,557,200 supported by 29.8
total workyears for this office, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. The office continues to direct activities pursuant to Executive
Order 12088 and Office of Management and Budget Circular A-106 related to compliance
of Federal Installations with environmental regulations; review other Federal
actions for potential environmental Impact, develop guidance, and direct Implemen-
tation of EPA policies associated with other Federal agencies, and Increase liaison
activities with these agencies; oversee the implementation of EPA's Indian Policy;
and manage the EPA Dredge and Fill Program.
1985 Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,936,200 supported by 33.6 total
workyears for this office, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The Office focused Its activity on Improving allocation and control of fund-
Ing for the preparation of NEPA documents (Environmental Impact Statements and Find-
Ings of No Significant Impacts) Implementing new procedures for both review of
Federal agency actions and Interaction with other agencies as required by NEPA and
section 309 of the Clean Air Act; Increasing emphasis on compliance of Federal
Agencies with Federal statutory environmental requirements; developing and initially
Implementing an Agency policy on Indian tribes and reservation lands; and strength-
ening management of the Dredge and Fill Program.
MS-44
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Office of Policy,
Planning and
Evaluation
SECTION TAB
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PROGRAM
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Salaries & Expenses
Integrated
Environmental
Management Program
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Policy
Analysis
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Standards &
Regulations
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Management
Systems S Evaluation
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Policy, TOTAL
Planning and Evaluation
$761.2
$761.2
$3,412.3
$3,412.3
$9,600.3
$9,600.3
$832,4
$832.4
$872.3
$872.3
$3,215.5 $3,269.4
$3,215.5 $3,269.4
$9,304.7 $9,201.6
$9,304,7 $9,201.6
$5,000.5 $4,808.8 $4,777.2
$5,000.5 $4,808.8 $4,777.2
$2,882.9 $2,872.4 $2,864.5
$2,882.9 $2,872.4 $2,864.5
$21,657.2 $21,033.8 $20,985.0
$21,657.2 $21,033.8 $20,985.0
-$37.6
-$37.6
-$140.6
-$140.6
-$395.7
-$395.7
-$205.5
-$205.5
$834.7
$834.7
$3,128.8
$3,128.8
$8,805.9
$8,805.9
$826.0
$826.0
$3,553.6
$3,553.6
$9,359.8
$9,359.8
$4,571.7 $4,870.7
$4,571.7 $4,870.7
-$123.2 $2,741.3 $2,611.2
-$123.2 $2,741.3 $2,611.2
-$8.7
-$8.7
$424.8
$424.8
$553.9
$553.9
$299.0
$299.0
-$130.1
-$130.1
-$902.6 $20,082.4 $21,221.3 $1,138.9
-$902.6 $20,082.4 $21,221.3 $1,138.9
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management - 12.2 13.0 .. 13.9
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Integrated 15.4 18.0 20.0
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy 41.0 42.0 52.0
Analysts
Office of Standards & 48.2 48.0 58.0
Regulations
Office of Management 43.2 49.0 49.0
Systems & Evaluation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 160.0 170.0 192.9
13.9 13.9
. 20.0 18.0 -2.0
52.0 52.0
58.0 58.0
49.0 48.0 -1.0
192.9 189.9 -3.0
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Pol ley, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management - 14.5 14.0 14.9
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Integrated 18.5 20.0 22.0
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy 61.5 63.1 63.1
Analysis
Office of Standards & 70.5 68.8 68.8
Regul at1 ons
Office of Management 53.9 59.0 59.0
Systems & Evaluation
TOTAL WORKYEARS 218.9 224.9 227.8
14,9 14.9
22.0 22.0
63.1 62.9 -0.2
68.8 67.8 -1.0
59.0 55.0 -4.0
227.8 222.6 -5.2
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $21,221,300 supported by 222.6 total workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $1,138,900 and a decrease of 5.2 total workyears from 1986.
All of the request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
ProgramDescrljrtljon
The Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE), under the guidance of
the Assistant Administrator, directs the Agency's regulation development and review
process, formulates Agency policy, and develops planning strategy.
Specifically, OPPE reviews all EPA regulations to ensure consistency with
Agency policy, coordinates all internal Agency reviews of regulations, and leads
the Agency's regulatory reform activities. OPPE plays an Integral role in policy
formulation through its analyses of the economic and environmental effects of
EPA's regulations, policies, and programs, as well as evaluations of the effective-
ness of ongoing Agency programs. Besides developing a framework for a well-run
strategic planning process, OPPE ensures that EPA's program objectives and environ-
mental goals are clearly defined and met.
In addition, OPPE provides special studies and analyses to aid Agency decision-
making processes as well as support for the Agency's air toxics initiatives.
Proposals for Innovative approaches to Integrated environmental management also
emanate from OPPE. A brief description of each of the program elements included
in OPPE follows:
Program Management - Pol icy;,PIannjng and Evaluation This program element
supports theAssistant AdnrtnlstKatbr'sImmediate Office and provides senior OPPE
managers with policy direction, program planning, and budgeting and resource
management,
IntegratedEnvironmentalManagement Program This program develops an In-
tegrated planning and program management strategy to make regulations more consis-
tent and to avoid unnecessary economic or environmental Impacts.
Office of Policy Analysis This program element contains resources to ana-
lyze EPA regul aiti ons, poTi ci es, and programs from the perspective of their economic
and environmental Impacts and benefits.
Office of Standards and Regulations This office manages the Agency's regu-
1 ation development and review process, analyzes all of EPA's regulations to ensure
technical quality and consistency with Agency policy, designs the Agency's regula-
tory reform activities, and develops Innovative approaches to regulation.
Office of Management_Sy_stems and^j^ajjjatlqn ~ this program operates the Agen-
cy's accountability system,evaluatesprogram effectiveness in meeting Agency
goals, and designs and Implements necessary management reforms, Including a system
to manage for environmental results.
MS-48
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PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - POLICY. PLANNING AND EVALUATION
The Agency requests a total of $826,000 supported by 14.9 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $8,700 and no change 1n total workyears from 1986.
The decrease results from adjusting personnel compensation and benefits to meet
anticipated requirements based on current staffing patterns.
This request will provide the Assistant Administrator with sufficient staff
and resources for the policy direction, special analyses, and budgetary and adminis-
trative support necessary to manage OPPE and its component offices efficiently and
effectively. Among these activities will be review of EPA statutory authority with
a focus on statutory provisions or gaps which fail to allow appropriate considera-
tion of health and environmental effects and program costs when making regulatory
decisions, and response to General Accounting Office evaluations of EPA programs.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $834,700 supported by 14.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation. This program is providing overall policy direction and conducting the
activities necessary to manage the component offices of OPPE.
1985 Accompl 1 shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $761,200 supported by 14.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. These funds supported the basic budgetary, administrative, analytic*
and planning activities necessary to manage OPPE.
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,553,600 supported by 22.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $424,800 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
The increase reflects part of the Integrated Environmental Management Program's
(IEMP) extramural support for the Agency's air toxics initiatives.
These initiatives will include -work on a- fourth geographic site, focusing
on multi-media pollution analysis and control based on IEMP pilot projects at
other sites, as well as evaluation of the necessity of addressing air toxics
problems on a national level and developing means of tailoring programs to Regional,
State, or local problems. IEMP also will work toward completing the Baltimore,
Maryland and Santa Clara, California geographic projects; and the five State Pilot
Projects for Improved Environmental Decision-Making in Oregon, Kansas, Kentucky,
New Jersey, and Maryland. In addition, IEMP will complete development of a user
friendly computer program for identifying cost-effective controls in a specific
geographic area and work on the pesticides and ocean-dumping models and the pulp
and paper and foundry analyses.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,128,800 supported by 22.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation. These resources are allowing IEMP to continue analyses of the priorities
-------
Identified in the screening phase for Its Baltimore and Santa Clara projects. As
part of the A1r Toxics Strategy, IEMP 1s undertaking a national screening program
to Identify priority geographic sites for multi-media analysis as well as a new
site-specific program for multi-media pollution analysis and control. The five
State Pilot Projects for Improved Environmental Decision-Making are proceeding.
In addition, IEMP is developing Its user friendly computer model and continuing
to build models applicable to inter-media Issues (pesticides application, ground-
water, ocean dumping) and to Industry sub-sectors (pulp and paper, foundries, and
organic chemicals).
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,412,300 supported by 18.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. With these resources, IEMP continued its geographic studies in areas
such as Baltimore and Santa Clara to further develop strategies for enabling
Federal, State, and local governments to- jointly develop efficient environmental
controls for particular geographic areas. It also Initiated a series of smaller
projects that are operated at the State or Regional level. In addition, IEMP
worked on Industry studies applicable to such Inter-media Issues as sludge, ground-
water, pretreatment, hazardous waste strategies, and cropland pollution control.
OFFICE OF POLICY ANALYSIS
1987 ProgramRequest
The Agency requests a total of $9,359,800 supported by 62.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $553,900 and a decrease of .2 total workyears from
1986. The Increase in dollars will help in meeting key deadlines under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act reauthorization.
In 1987, the Office of Policy Analysis (OPA) will continue to oversee the
Agency's Implementation of Executive Order 12291; It will produce analyses of the
Agency's highest priority regulatory actions including major air Issues, geographic-
based water quality management, implications of proposed Subtitle D standards,
initial deep well ban decisions, and the final leaking underground storage tank
regulations as well as non-regulation specific initiatives such as geographic-based
environmental management (e.g. Great Lakes region), risk and benefits-based
enforcement, and Issues associated with carbon dioxide build-up and global climate
change. Continuing work on chloroflorocarbons (CFC's) will support the United
States delegation to the International negotiations on CFC's scheduled to begin
in 1987. OPA also will continue to perform analyses of risk management across
programs. In addition, OPA's Benefits Program will retain Its focus on advanced
treatment and pesticides and place new emphasis on materials damage assessment,
indoor air quality (radon), and region/site specific benefits analysis. Its Eco-
nomic Research Program will value reduction of pollution in wetlands, analyze the
value of various aspects of State enforcement programs, and undertake new work on
the valuation of risk reduction at hazardous waste sites.
19JJ6 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $8,805,900 supported by 63.1
total workyears for this program, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. With these resources, OPA is overseeing implementation of Executive
Order 12291, working closely with program offices to evaluate the costs, economic
impact, and benefits of prospective regulatory requirements or changes. OPA 1s
MS-50
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concentrating on hazardous waste issues, concluding studies of the macroeconomic
impacts of EPA regulations, undertaking analyses of risk management across programs,
and performing studies on the combined economic impact of all EPA regulations on
major industries as well as several company-or-plant-specific financial analyses.
In addition, OPA is working on a major analysis of the risks and benefits of
CFC's and other ozone-depleting substances. Its Benefits Program is incorporating
benefits analysis in decisions on construction grants and accelerating an important
effort to improve risk/benefit techniques applied by the pesticides program.
Lastly, OPA's Economic Research Program is renewing promising cooperative agreements
with academic researchers to support the development of data and techniques for
performing benefit-cost analyses of environmental regulations.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $9,600,300 supported by 61.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. OPA focused on reviewing existing regulations and standards, which
required intensified cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis. OPA placed
additional emphasis on 1ntra-1ndustry and cross-industry cost-effectiveness compar^
ison, thoroughly reviewing Its existing data base and upgrading and expanding It
as necessary. OPA worked on the Congressionally-mandated "-Cost of Clean Air and
Water" report and continued its strategic studies which examined the cumulative
macroeconomic impacts of EPA's regulations on major industries. Additionally, its
Benefits Program pursued major efforts to incorporate benefits analysis in a
variety of regulatory situations, including development of the Agency's groundwater
strategy. And, Its Economic Research Program undertook major studies on the bene-
fits of reducing ozone concentrations and on the effectiveness of different infor-
mation contents on pesticides labels.
OFFICE OF STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,870,700 supported by 67.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $299,000 and a decrease of 1.0 total workyears from
1986. The dollar increase mainly results from adjusting personnel compensation
and benefits to meet anticipated requirements based on current staffing patterns.
The workyear decrease reflects a slight decrease 1n the need for chemical integra-
tion and coordination work.
With this funding, the Office of Standards and Regulations (OSR) will ensure
compliance with Executive Orders 12291 and 12498, the Regulatory Flexibility Act,
the Paperwork Reduction Act, and Federal Register requirements by continuing Its
technical, statistical, and policy review ofexisting regulations as well as
those under development. It also will continue regulatory reform efforts, Its
lead analyst role in the Agency Investigation of potential damage caused by
leaking underground storage tanks, and its evaluation of methods to control asbes-
tos effectively.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,571,700 supported by 68.8
total workyears for this program, all of 'which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are allowing OSR to manage the Agency's regulation
development and review processes, ensure Agency compliance with the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1980, ensure the technical quality of Agency regulations and
policies, improve the statistical quality of Agency regulations and data collection
and analysis activities, and ensure Integration of the Agency's regulatory programs
MS-51
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on chemicals across program offices. In addition, OSR 1s continuing to initiate
and promote sound regulatory reforms, such as demonstration and implementation of
innovative water reforms; development of non-point source strategies for abatement
of pollution, including contamination of groundwater; and provision of technical
assistance on emissions trading and development of Agency policy on related air
program reforms.
1985 Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,000,500 supported by 70.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. OSR continued its effective management and oversight of the regulation
development and review process ensuring compliance with Executive Orders 12291 and
12498, the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the Paperwork Reduction Act, and Federal
Registejr requirements. OSR intensified regulatory reform and relief efforts amf
continued to concentrate on improving the scientific, engineering, and statistical
base for regulations and policies. Negotiation was successfully demonstrated and
continued to be used as an alternative regulation development method. OSR published
an Agency Environmental Auditing Policy, developed statistical sampling methods for
hazardous waste sites, and developed and tested a methodology for setting Agency
priorities for regulatory action.
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND EVALUATION
1987 Prograjn Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,611,200 supported by 55.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $130,100 and a decrease of 4.0 total workyears from
1986. The dollar and workyear reductions primarily reflect transfer of the General
Accounting Office liaison function out of the Office of Management Systems and
Evaluation (OMSE) to the Immediate Office of OPPE's Assistant Administrator.
Dollars also were adjusted to reflect anticipated personnel compensation and bene-
fits based on current staffing levels.
These resources will enable OMSE to assess whether Agency goals and program
commitments are being met and what corrective actions should be taken if weaknesses
are detected. To accomplish this, OMSE will carry out evaluations of major
programs or program components and perform short-term management reviews. It
will operate a special tracking system for the Deputy Administrator as well as the
management accountability system, ensuring its integration with other Agency
management systems. OMSE also will develop agency-wide planning guidance, assist
1n the development of program strategies, and further develop an integrated Agency
strategic planning system encompassing all media. The Regional Administrator's
Environmental Management Reports will continue under OMSE auspices as will coopera-
tion between Headquarters and the Regional offices in developing Improved Indicators
of environmental status and trends and improved monitoring strategies.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,741,300 supported by 59.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation. With this funding, OMSE is assessing the Agency's effectiveness in meeting
program goals and commitments by conducting evaluations of major programs, by running
the management accountability system, by performing a number of quality assurance
reviews, and by developing and recommending corrective actions where the need for
Improvement 1s identified. It is developing mechanisms for connecting the account-
ability system, which measures each program's progress in meeting its goals and com-
mitments, with other Agency management systems. OMSE also is focusing -its efforts
MS-52
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on strategic planning, in close cooperation with the program offices. In addition,
OMSE is working with Headquarters and Regional'offices to develop improved indicators
of environmental status and trends, and improved monitoring strategies and is aiding
in some of the State Pilot Projects for Improved Environmental Decision Making.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,882,900 supported by 53.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. OMSE held a pivotal role in helping to develop the Agency's Air Toxics
Strategy. It carried out major evaluations on the effectiveness of the National
Notification System for Emergency Response to Releases of Hazardous Substances,
the Implementation of the National Municipal Policy, and Incineration of Liquid
Hazardous Wastes. OMSE also took the lead on the Performance-Based Grants Policy
Task Force resulting in increased Federal-state coordination. In addition, OMSE
expanded efforts to implement and refine the accountability system for the Adminis-
trator, designing a fully automated system and developing specialized tracking
systems for Individual programs.
MS-53
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Office of
Administration and
Resources
Management
SECTION TAB
-------
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PROGRAM
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resource Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Administration
Salaries & Expenses
Financial Management
Headquarters
Salaries & Expenses
and Facilities
$1,292.1 $1,395.2 $1,370.5
TOTAL $1,292.1 $1,395.2 $1,370.5
$5,842.0 $5,032.7 $5,445.1
$9.5
Office of the
Comptroller
Salaries & Expenses
Operations, Research
and Facilities
Contracts and Grants
Management
Salaries 8 Expenses
Personnel and
Organization Services
Salaries ft Expenses
-$58,8 $1,311.7 $1,359.Z $47.5
-$58.8 $1,311.7 $1,359.Z $47.5
-$234.1 $5,211.0 $5,404.4 $193.4
TOTAL $5,851.5 $5,032.7 $5,445.1 -$234.1 $5,2li.O $5,404.4 $193.4
$3,545.5 $3,253.6 $3,197.5
$90.0
TOTAL $3,635.5 $3,253.6 $3,197.5
$9,676.5 $9,355.6 $10,149.6
TOTAL $9,676.5 $9,355.6 $10,149.6
$7,256.7 $7,630.7 $7,540.1
TOTAL $7,256.7 $7,630.7 $7,540.1
-$136.6 $3,060.9 $4,976.6 $1,915.7
-$136.6 $3,060.9 $4,976.6 $1,915.7
-$436,6 $9,713.0 $9,796.8 $83.8
-$436.6 $9,713.0 $9,796.8 $83.8
-$324.1 $7,216.0 $7,472.0 $256.0
-$324.1 $7,216.0 $7,472.0 $256.0
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f
Ul
Ul
Facilities fc Management
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Information Systems &
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Human
Resources Management
Salaries X Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Operations, Research
and Facilities
Office of Admlni- TOTAL
stration and Resource
Management
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resource Management
ACTUAL BUDGET EHACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$6,722.4 $6,930.8 $6,604.6 -$284.0 $6,320.6 $6,484.8 $164.2
$6,722.4 $6,930.8 $6,604.6 -$284.0 $6,320.6 $6,484.8 $164.2
$6,606.5 $6,844.8 $7,313.5 -$314.5 $6,999.0 $7,211.2 $212.2
$6,606.5 $6,844.8 $7,313.5 -$314.5 $6,999.0 $7,211.2 $212.2
$1,131.4 $1,166.3 $1,192.6 -$51.2
$1,131.4 $1,166.3 $1,192.6 -$51.2
$1,141.4 $1,151.1 $9.7
$1,141.4 $1,151.1 $9.7
$42,073.1 $41,609.7 $42,813.5 -$1,839.9 $40,973.6 $43,856.1 $2,882.5
$99.5
$42,172.6 $41,609.7 $42,813.5 -$1,839.9 $40,973.6 $43,856.1 $2,882.5
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resource Management
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Administration
Financial Management
Headquarters
Office of the
Comptroller
Contracts and Grants
Management
Personnel and
Organization Services
Facilities 8 Management
Services
Information Systems &
Services
Office of Human
Resources Management
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
22.2
120.1
59.7
207. 2
160.7
181.8
122.3
21.5
895.5
(DOLLARS
20.8
120.5
61.9
214.5
160.0
186. 2
121.2
23.0
908.1
IN THOUSANDS)
21.8
131.5
62.9
230.3
162.0
179.0
132.2
24.0
943.7
21.8
131.5
62.9
230.3
162.0
179.0
132.2
24.0
943.7
20,3'
133.2
61.5
219.9
159.8
171.5
130.5
22.5
919,2
-1.5
1.7
-1.4
-10.4
-2.2
-7.5
-1.7
-1.5
-24.5
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resource Management
TOTAL WOPKYEARS
Program Management -
Administration
Financial Management
Headquarters
Office of the
Comptroller
Contracts and Grants
Management
Personnel and
Organization Services
Facilities § Management
Services
Information Systems &
Services
Office of Human
Resources Management
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
24.0
127.9
67.1
218.2
179.0
191.3
136.3
23.7
967. 5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
22.8
130.0
69.3
222.4
179.9
195.9
138.5
24.0
982.8
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
22.8
141.0
69.3
236.2
181.7
186.1
149.3
25.0
1,011.4
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
22.8
141.0
69.3
236.2
181.7
186. 1
149.3
25.0
1,011.4
ESTIMATE
1987
21.3
141.0
67.9
225.8
178.1
178.6
144.5
23.5
980.7
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-1.5
-1.4
-10.4
-3.6
-7.5
-4.8
-1.5
-30.7
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Administration and Resources Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $43,856,100 supported by 980.7 total workyears
for 1987, an increase of $2,882,500 and a decrease of 30.7 total workyears from
1986. All of the request 1s for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Program Pescri pt 1 on
The Office of Administration and Resources Management (OARM) performs admini-
strative management and support functions to all of EPA, and provides a full range
of administrative services to Headquarters and our two largest non-regional field
operations -- Research Triangle Park (RTP), North Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio.
The office also controls the Agency's central planning and budgeting process which
allocates workyear and financial resources among program areas and ensures adequate
funds control. In addition, the office directs a Human Resources Management program
for all Agency employees.
The Immediate Office of the Assistant Administrator provides overall program
direction and resource management for all office activities, as well as Agencywide
administrative support policy. There are six organizational components under the
Assistant Administrator for Administration and Resources Management: Office of
the Comptroller, Office of Administration, Office of Information Resources Manage-
ment, Office of Human Resources Management, and the Offices of Administration at
Research Triangle Park and Cincinnati. The Office of the Comptroller provides
Agencywide financial services as well as budget development and execution activi-
ties. The Office of Administration provides services in the areas of personnel
administration, facilities management, organizational analysis, contracts and
grants management, and occupational health and safety. The Office of Information
Resources Management directs the Agency's information resources management program
and library services. The Office of Human Resources Management provides workforce
planning, career development, and executive management services to EPA employees.
Our RTP and Cincinnati offices provide administration services to the environmental
programs at EPA's major research locations, A brief description of each of the
program elements Included in this office follows:
Program Management - Admi nl strati on This component consists of the Assist-
ant Admi ni strator s immedi at!e' of f 1 ce which provides oversight, planning functions,
and performs all of the budgeting and resource management activities for OARM.
Management - Headquarters This component includes financial man-
agement, f inanei al pofi cy devel opmerit , accounti ng , and financial reporting activi-
ties for Headquarters and field offices.
Off 1 ce of the Comptrol 1 er This component develops and operates EPA's pro-
gram pllhhirig and budgeting system; analyzes and prepares Agency budgets for
submission to Congress and OM8; maintains the Agency's allocation, control, and
review system for all workyear and financial resources; and oversees EPA's manage-
ment efficiency programs.
MS-58
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Con i tracts and Grants Management This component establishes Agencywide
contracts and grants policy, awards and manages Headquarters grants and other
financial assistance programs, and awards and administers contracts and small
purchases at Headquarters, Research Triangle Park, and Cincinnati.
Personnel and [Organization Services This component provides personnel
services at Headquarters, Cincinnati > and Research Triangle Park, as well as
Agencywide management analysis, and occupational health and safety functions.
Facilities and Management Services This component provides facilities
management servl ces to EPA operations in Headquarters, Cincinnati, and Research
Triangle Park.
^sjtemis_ M^ Sgjces -- This component provides Agencywide ADP
T"
jj_
system?liinlig5iTas"l»ell services at Headquarters, Cincinnati, and
Research Triangle Park.
Human Resources Management This component provides Agencywide workforce
planning, career development, and executive management services to EPA employees.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - ADMINISTRATION
1 987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,359,200 supported by 21.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $47,500 and a decrease of 1.5 total workyears from
1986. The decrease in workyears reflects a reduction to the staffing level in the
Assistant Administrator's Immediate Office. The increase reflects adjustments to
the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions. In 1987, the office
will continue to provide guidance and direction as well as program and administra-
tive support for OARM, direct and manage OARM's resources, administer and report
on OARM's portions of the Administrator's Action Tracking System and the Strategic
Planning and Management System, and conduct strategies to enhance the efficiency
and effectiveness of the Agency.
1 986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $1,311,700 supported by 22.8
total workyears for this program, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are used for overall policy direction and guidance
to the Agency's management programs, review of organization and consolidation
issues, continued strengthening of EPA's financial, budgetary, contracts, and
information resources management programs, as well as initiation of management
effectiveness strategies within the Agency.
1985 Accomplishments !
in 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,292,100 supported by 24.0 total
workyears for this program all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. These resources were used to provide office-wide management and policy
direction, manage the development and execution of OARM's budget, provide Action
Tracking and Strategic Planning and Management reports, and conduct special analy-
ses and projects on Agencywide management issues.
MS-59
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FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,404,400 supported by 141.0 total workyears
for this"program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $193,400 and no change in total workyears from
1986. The increase will provide for further automation as a result of financial
management initiatives from the Department of Treasury, the General Accounting
Office and the Office of Management and Budget. The office's priorities in 1987
will include the following initiatives: implement Office of Management and Budget's
Circular A-127 requirements, implement Section 4 of the Federal Managers' Financial
Integrity Act of 1982, increase the timeliness of contracts processed as required
by the Prompt Payment Act, explore further cash management initiatives, and bring
the Financial Management System into full compliance with General Accounting
Office standards.
These resources will also provide the necessary workyears for the program
to improve the overall quality of financial and accounting services throughout the
Agency, provide financial reports to meet Office of Management and Budget and
Treasury requirements, manage the Agency's Financial Management System, and develop
and refine Agency financial policies and procedures.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,211,000 supported by 141.0
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources provide a full array of financial services to EPA
managers, including payroll, accounting, debt collection, accounts payable and
policy guidance. This program manages the Agency's Financial Management System.
The 1986 program emphasis is on improving the financial services provided by Head-
quarters and Research Triangle Park financial operations, the development of stand-
ard quality assurance programs for the Agency, development of a long-term planning
process for the Financial Management System, completion of a Comptroller Directives
System for consolidation of all financial policies and procedures, and transfer of
the software programs to operate the Financial Management System at the National
Computer Center.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,851,500 supported by 127.9 total
workyears, of which $5,842,000 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $9,500 was from the Operations, Research, and Facilities appropriation. With
these resources, the Agency provided routine financial services, automated various
payroll activities, developed financial policy, performed internal control reviews,
performed accounting systems reviews to assure compliance with the new standards
of internal control established by the Comptroller General of the United States,
continued a comprehensive cash management program, including implementation of the
Diners Club Program and Treasury's Letter of Credit process, and maintained ade*
quate financial controls for the Agency.
OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER
1987 ProgramLJteqjjest
The Agency requests a total of $4,976,600 supported by 67.9 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-"
tion. This represents an Increase^of $1,915,700 and a decrease of 1.4 total work-
MS-60
-------
years from 1986. The Increase in funds 1s for the continued Implementation of OMB
Circular A-127, a major initiative which will Integrate and Improve the Agency's
financial management systems. The decrease In total workyears results from the
Increased use of office automation 1n budget analysis and reporting functions.
These resources will provide the Office of the Comptroller with the capabili-
ties to perform all mandatory activities associated with OMB and Congressional
budget submissions for 1987 and 1988, provide budget analyses and reports to Agency
program offices through the Resource Planning and Budgeting System, and maintain
an allocation, control and review system for all workyear and financial resources.
The office will focus on Implementing EPA's Productivity Improvement Initiative,
which will reduce costs and enhance program effectiveness across the Agency. The
Comptroller will also continue to Implement the Federal Managers' Financial Integ-
rity Act, and Implement OMB Circular A-76.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $3,060,900 supported by 69.3
total workyears for this program, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.. With these resources the Office of the Comptroller develops current
and outyear budget guidance to program and Regional offices, analyzes budget issues,
develops and Implements Agency budget policy, and administers and provides policy
guidance to EPA managers on a range of fiscal concerns. Particular emphasis Is
being placed on Improving funds control and budget planning. The office 1s also
leading the Agency's effort to Implement OMB Circular A-127.
1985 Accompl1shment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,635,500 supported by 67.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,545,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $90,000 was from the Operations, Research, and Facilities appro-
priation. With these resources, this program managed the development of the 1986
Operating Plans, provided budget and policy guidance to program and Regional offices
for the 1987 budget requests-performed oversight of audit resolution and follow-up,
Implemented the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act, and began EPA's Produc-
tivity Improvement Initiative.
CONTRACTS AND 6RANTS MANAGEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,796,800 supported by 225.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $83,800 and a decrease of 10.4 total workyears from
1986. The decrease 1n workyears reflects anticipated reductions 1n the contracts
and grants workload during 1987. The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base
as part of government-wide deficit reductions.
In the contracts area, the request will enable the Agency to process and
award new contracts and purchase orders, manage.and close out existing contracts,
evaluate contractor cost proposals, process contract terminations and claims,
and provide technical review, policy compliance, and administrative oversight
and management to the three contracting and purchasing offices In Headquarters,
Cincinnati, and Research Triangle Park (RTP).
In the grants area, these funds will allow the Agency to develop and interpret
policy and procedural guidance for Agencywide assistance programs, award and admin-
ister Headquarters grants, cooperative agreements, and interagency agreements,
respond to requests for assistance from Regions and Federal assistance recipients,
MS-i
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continue to modify, update, and simplify our assistance regulations, increase in-
house audit and cost analyses, Increase noncompllance efforts against program
participants who abuse the privileges of Federal assistance, and meet OMB Circular
\ A-127 requirements.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $9,713,000 supported by 236.2
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are being used to perform a full range of grants
and contracts activities that include awarding and administering contracts, grants,
loans, purchase orders, and interagency agreements. This also includes negotiating
indirect cost rates, processing terminations and claims, providing administrative
management over contracting offices at Headquarters, Cincinnati and RTF, developing
suspension and debarment cases under EPA assistance and procurement programs,
addressing policy development, internal review and systems management Issues In
both the contracts and grants areas, supporting A-127 Initiatives, Instituting a
new automated assistance document system, and providing project officer training.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $9,676,500 supported by 218.2
total workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, the major accomplishments in this program area Included increased
emphasis on contract management, continued implementation of the Federal Acquisi-
tion Regulation, Improving the contract planning system and automated procurement
document system, Implementing the new Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Program,
developing the Grants Information System Management Council, continuing to simplify
grants procedures, and taking noncompllance actions against and recovering Federal
funds from program participants who abuse the privileges of Federal assistance.
PERSONNEL AND ORGANIZATION SERVICES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,472,000 supported by 178.1 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $256,000 and a decrease of 3.6 total workyears from
1986. The decrease in total workyears reflects an anticipated reduced rate of
hiring during 1987. The Increase will provide for Increased operating costs.
This program will continue to perform ongoing personnel functions including
recruitment, position management, classification, performance, management, pay
administration, personnel and payroll processing, labor-management and employee-
management relations, personnel information systems management, equal opportunity
employment, and technical assistance and advisory services. Efforts will also
focus on performing management and organization Improvement analyses, managing
delegations of authority and reorganizations, developing Agency forms, overseeing
EPA public advisory committees, and directing the Agency's directives system.
Finally, the program will continue coordination and management of Agencywlde health
and safety programs.
1986 Prqojrani
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,216,000 supported by 181.7
total workyears for this program, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources support high quality and responsive personnel
services, Implementation of human resources initiatives including improvement to
MS-62
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the Performance Management System and development of a comprehensive curriculum
for managers, improved utilization of personnel information systems including
development of core management reports, and continued support to meet the Agency's
specialized recruitment needs. The resources also provide for performance of
additional management reviews with the primary focus on Headquarters offices,
expansion of management and organization services to Regional and Headquarters
offices, implementation of Agency health and safety programs, development of
Environmental Compliance Audit Guidelines, and performance of environmental com-
pliance audits for EPA facilities.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, the Agency allocated a total of $7,256,700 supported by 179.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. With these resources the Agency continued efforts to meet specialized
and hard-to-fill recruitment needs, conducted an Agencywide Performance Management
System (PMS) survey, issued a comprehensive PMS planning package, designed a new
award for unusually outstanding merit pay employees, developed a labor relations
handbook for supervisors, conducted negotiations with employee unions on sensitive
management issues, and expanded automated personnel data bases and improved infor-
mation systems capabilities. These resources also provided management assistance
to virtually every EPA office resulting in organizational and management improve-
ments ranging from strengthened management processes to streamlined organizational
arrangements.
FACILITIES AND MANAGEMENT SERVICES
1987 Prog ram Reguest
The Agency requests a total of $6,484,800 supported by 178.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. This represents an increase of $164,200 and a decrease of 7.5 total work-
years from 1986. The reduction in workyears represents a decrease in staff for
the Headquarters printing and publication activities, as well as consolidation
of like facilities functions and elimination of nonessential services. The
increase will provide for increased operating costs. With these resources the
Agency will administer the Nationwide Support, Headquarters Support, and Buildings
and Facilities budgets, provide operational support and housekeeping services,
and monitor and direct contractor resources under support contracts.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,320,600 supported by 186.1
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These funds are being used to provide timely, high quality and
cost effective facilities management and support services for EPA facilities in
Washington, Research Triangle Park (RTP), Nortli Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio.
These resources provide ongoing services 1n the areas of property and space manage-
ment, building operational services, office support services, real estate and
lease enforcement support, transportation management, printing and publication
operations, security services, and facilities design and construction management.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,722,400 supported by 191.3 total
workyesrs for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. With these resources the Agency provided facilities management services
to EPA facilities in Washington, RTP and Cincinnati, established better administra-
tive controls over property management, managed space needs and provided security
services.
MS-63
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In addition, the Agency administered the Buildings and Facilities program
which included managing health and safety improvements and routine and emergency
repairs to our facilities across the country. This program supervised the start of
construction of the wildlife toxicology facility for the Environmental Research
Laboratory at Corvallis, Oregon, and the pollution statement facility at the Envi-
ronmental Research Laboratory in Narragansett, Rhode Island. The program also
initiated the design of a full containment facility in Cincinnati, Ohio and a new
radiation laboratory in Montgomery, Alabama.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,211,200 supported by 144.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $212,200 and a decrease of 4.8 total workyears from
1986. The decrease in workyears results from the increased use of contractors for
support services. The increase will provide for increased operating costs. The
requested resources will enable the Agency to maintain current, centrally admini-
stered information systems and services in support of EPA.programs and the public.
This program will provide the personnel to manage the Agency's central and distri-
buted computing and data transmission network, Its major administrative and pro-
grammatic data systems and library services. In addition, these resources will
permit the Agency to continue to develop a program of information resources manage-*
merit including long and short-range Automated Data Processing (ADP) planning,
ADP security, records management, software and data standards, and internal con-
trols on information resources. Particular emphasis will be placed on providing
technical support for the Regional ADP Modernization effort.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $6,999,000 supported by 149.3
total workyears for this program, all of which Is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This level of funding Includes the transfer of voice communications
functions from the Office of Administration to the Office of Information Resources
Management as part of an effort to Integrate voice and data communications planning
and management.
Also during 1986, particular emphasis is being placed on improved Information
systems planning by EPA programs, strengthening information security, and continuing
the program to implement and update Agency financial management systems in response
to General Accounting Office (GAO) and Executive Branch requirements. In addition,
the Agency is establishing more vigorous software engineering standards as part of
a program to assure cost-effective performance by ADP systems contractors.
1985 Accompljshments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,606,500 supported by 136.3 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. During 1985, particular emphasis was placed on improving the Agency's
enforcement and hazardous waste Information systems. In addition, the Agency
updated Its accounting systems in response to GAO requirements and strengthened
internal controls in the Agency payroll and accounts receivable systems.
MS-64
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OFFICE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MAHAGEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,151,100 supported by 23.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $9,700 and a decrease of 1.5 total workyears from
1986. The decrease 1n workyears reflects a lower workyear need due to completion
of the initial planning phases of career development and workforce planning activi-
ties. The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-
wide deficit reductions. This level of funding will allow the Agency to continue
its initiative to develop its workforce to meet future needs and skill mix require-
ments. Also, the Office of Human Resources Management will continue to design
and Implement a comprehensive program to focus On career and organizational
development, workforce planning, and senior executive management.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,141,400 supported by 25.0
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. These resources are being used to build a total- career develop-
ment system at EPA and provide workforce planning and management guidance to help
EPA anticipate Its hiring "and retraining needs. A training institute is being
established to use In-house employees to meet part of the Agency's training needs.
In addition, these resources are used to perform personnel operations for Senior
Executive Service (SES) members and to develop a human resources information
system.
1985Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,131,400 supported by 23.7 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. During this first full year of program operation, work began on career
development programs for the Agency's scientific, technical, and managerial em-
ployees. Workforce planning pilot studies were Initiated, and personnel opera-
tions for the Senior Executive Service were Improved.
MS-65
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Regional
Management
SECTION TAB
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Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regi onal Management MS-66
Resource Management - Regions MS-70
Financial Management - Regions.... MS-71
Personnel Management - Regions MS-71
Administrative Management - Regions............. MS-72
Regi onal Management MS-73
Regi onal Counsel MS-73
Planning, Evaluation 8 Analysis - Regions... MS-74
MS-66
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REGIONAL HANASEMENT
Regional Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM .
Resource Management -
Regions
Salaries ft Expenses
TOTAL
Financial Management -
Regions
Salaries 8 Expenses
TOTAL
Personnel Management -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Administrative
Management -Regions
Salaries A Expenses
TOTAL
Regional Management
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Regldnal Counsel
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$1,396.2
$1,396.2
$2,733.7
$2,733.7
$3,293.1
$3,293.1
$5,713.0
$5,713.0
$9,710.6
$9,710.6
$3,568.9
$3,568.9
$1,537.7
$1,537.7
$2,816.6
$2,816.6
$3,228.1
$3,228.1
$5,512.9
$5,512.9
$9,053.5
$9,053.5
$3,745.7
$3,745.7
$1,638.7
$1,638.7
$2,771.7
$2,771.7
$3,148.8
$3,148.8
$5,608.7
$5,608.7
$9,351.3
$9,351.3
$3,772.2
$3,772.2
-$70.5
-$70.5
-$119.2
-$119.2
-$135.3
-$135.3
-$241.2
-$241,2
-$402. 1
-$402.1
-$162.2
-$162.2
$1,568.2
$1,568.2
$2,652.5
$2,652.5
$3,013.5
$3,013.5
$5,367.5
$5,367.5
$8,949.2
$8,'949.2
$3,610.0
$3,610.0
$1,547.2
$1,547.2
$2,693.4
$2,693.4
$3,015.1
$3,015.1
$5,492.5
$5,492.5
$9,389.7
$9,389.7
$3,827.0
$3,827.0
-$21.0
-$21.0
$40.9
$40.9
$1.6
$1.6
$125.0
$125.0
$440.5
$440.5
$217.0
$217.0
-------
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Planning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
Salaries ft Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Management TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKVEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Personnel Management -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
Regional Management
Regional Counsel
Planning, Evaluation 8
$2,358.5
$2,358.5
$28,774.0
$28,774.0
36.5
87.3
96.0
158.0
182.7
72.8,
54.0
$2,640.2
$2,640.2
$28,534.7
$28,534.7
38.1
84.1
84.2
151.6
179.8
72.8
57,6
$2,525.6
$2,525.6
$28,817.0
$28,817.0
38.8
83.4
85.0
152.9
173.2
73.4
54.8
-$108.6 $2,417.0
-$108.6 $2,417.0
-$1,239.1 $27,577.9
-$1,239.1 $27,577.9
38.8
83.4
85.0
152.9
173.2
73.4
54.8
$2,432.1
$2,432.1
$28,397.0
$28,397,0
37.8
81.6
83.2
149.6
172.9
73.4
54.0
$15. 1
$15.1
$819. 1
$819.1
-1.0
-1.8
-1.8
-3.3
-.3
-.8
Analysis - Regions
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
687.3
668.2
661.5
661.5
652.5
-9.0
-------
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Personnel Management -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
Regional Management
Regional Counsel
Planning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
TOTAL WORK YEARS
ACTUAL
1985
40.7
99.0
110. 3
184.4
220.4
78.9
59.8
793.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
42.5
92.6
95.9
170.9
198.2
80.2
61. 1
741.4
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT
1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
42.5,
92.6
95.9
170.9
194.9
80.2
61.1
738.1
42.5
92.6
95.9
170.9
194.9
80.2
61.1
738.1
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
41.5
90.8
94.1
167.6
194.5
80.2
60.1
728.8
-1.0
-1.8
-1.8
-3.3
-.4
-1.0
-9.3
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Regional Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $28,397,000 supported by 728.R total workvears
for 1987, an increase of. $819,100 and a decrease of 9.3 total workyears from 1986.
All of the request 1s for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Program Description
This program contains the following program elements:
ResourceManagement - Regions This component provides resources to develop
Regional budgets and operating plans, participate in the workload analysis process,
manage current year resources, and enhance resource management and control in the
Regions.
Financia1 Manageroent - Regions This component provides financial accounting
and r epo rt i ng servltes Ydr the Regfonal offices.
Personnel Management-Regions -- This component provides basic personnel ser-
vices, including staffing, cfassification, and training to the Regio'nal offices.
Administrati ye Management - Regions This component includes mini-computer
systems management, library support, safety, security, printing and copying, facili-
ties management, small purchases, and other administrative functions.
Regional Management --. This component includes the Regional Administrators
and their immediate staffs, as well as the basic staff functions of Civil Rights.
Regional Counsel This component includes the Offices of Regional Counsel
which assist the Regional Administrators in ensuring that their decisions are
legally defensible and consistent with national legal interpretations. They
represent the Regional office in defensive litigation activities; review Regional
rulemakings; assist States in obtaining delegation of programs; and support the
Regional enforcement litigation program.
Planning, Evaluation, and Analysis - Regions -- This component includes
resources that provide analytical support to the Regional Administrators to assure
the efficient and effective operation of EPA Regions. Activities include planning,
accountability reporting, program evaluation, economic analysis, management, and
Regional participation in EPA's regulatory process.
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,547,200 supported by 41.5 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
a decrease of $21,000 and 1.0 total workyear from 1986. The decrease in resources
results from the increased use of office automation. This level of funding sup-
ports Regional resource management and control activities including budget and
operating plan development and workload analysis. In addition, these resources
will allow the Regional offices to continue implementing the Federal Managers'
Financial Integrity Act and further strengthen funds control.
MS-70
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1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,568,200 supported by 42.5
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to conduct budgeting and resource analysis functions
in the ten Regional offices.
Accownl II shm_ent_s_
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,396,200 supported by 40.7 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These
resources allowed Regional Administrators to effectively and efficiently manage
their resources and operating plan processes.
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,693,400 supported by 90.8 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $40,900 and a decrease of 1.8 total workyears from 1986. The de-
crease in total workyears reflects improved productivity resulting from the empha-
sis on automation of basic finance functions including the automation of various
payroll activities and implementation of the Treasury's letter of credit payment
system. The dollar increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of
government-wide deficit reductions. This level of funding will allow the Financial
Management Offices to provide basic financial services and maintain ongoing finan-
cial management functions. The Financial Management Offices will continue to
provide accounting, payment processing, billings and collections for grants,
travel, payroll, contracts, purchase orders, and all other financial transactions,
as well as payroll support and general ledger activities.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,652,500 supported by 92.6
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to provide the Regions with accounting, payment
processing, payroll support, financial reporting services, and comprehensive finan-
cial management.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,733,700 supported by 99.0 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With
these resources, the Financial Management Offices provided a full range of finan-
cial management services including the implementation of the Diners Club Program,
Automated payroll data entry system, and Treasury's letter of credit payment system.
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,015,100 supported by 94.1 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $1,600 and a decrease of 1.8 total workyears from 1986. The decrease
in resources reflects an anticipated reduced rate of hiring during 1987. The
dollar increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
MS-71
-------
deficit reductions. The resources provided will allow Regional Personnel Offices
to meet basic regulatory requirements and maintain current service levels. These
services include processing recruitment and classification actions, entering data
and updates to the Agency's payroll system, providing advisory services and re-
organization reviews, administering the grievance system, negotiation with unions,
and managing the Performance Management and Recognition System.
19.8.6
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,013,500 supported by 95.9
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to process recruitment, staffing and classification
actions, perform position management and pay administration, process personnel
and payroll transactions, administer grievance system and disciplinary action
procedures, provide employment development and training, consult and negotiate
with local unions, conduct special studies, and advise Regional managers on the
above functions.
198 5 Ac compl i s hment s
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,293,100 supported by 110.3 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With
these resources, the Regional Personnel Offices provided ongoing personnel services
to support the accomplishment of the Regions' program operations and goals, with
emphasis on staffing needs for the Hazardous Waste program, better training pro-
grams for Regional employees, and initiation of human resources management programs.
ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,492,500 supported by 167.6 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $125,000 and a decrease of 3.3 total workyears from 1986. The
decrease in total workyears reflects cost savings from productivity improvements
and the use of contractors for support services. The dollar increase reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government -wide deficit reductions. These
resources will allow the Regions to provide administrative management services
that include maintaining administrative information systems and minicomputer opera-
tions, ensuring effective ADP operations support for Regional programs, managing
word processing equipment and ADP systems acquisition, maintaining Regional
library operations, coordinating Regional records management* directing contract-
ing'and purchasing activities, ensuring the safety and security of Regional per-
sonnel, managing property and supplies, providing general office services and
providing program management for all support services.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,367,500 supported by 170.9
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to provide the Regions with administrative manage-
ment activities in the areas of information management, small purchases and pro-
curements, health and safety, and facilities support.
MS-72
-------
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $5,713,000 supported by 184.4 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With
these resources, the Regions provided a full complement of administrative manage-
ment services including strengthened contracts management. In addition, they
began Implementation of Information management plans, Including the Increased use
of personal computers, and Integrated electronic telecommunications lines to achieve
cost savings and productivity gains.
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,389,700 supported by 194.5 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an Increase of $440,500 and a decrease of 0.4 in total workyears from 1986. The
decrease in total workyears results from a reduction in administrative personnel.
The dollar Increase will facilitate improved environmental policy coordination
between the Regions and the States. The budget request will enable the Regional
offices to continue to shape and articulate policy for State and local govern-
ments; respond to Inquiries from Congress, the news media and the public; establish
regular communications with public interest, environmental and business groups;
and maintain Equal Employment Opportunity and Freedom of Information programs.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $8,949,200 supported by 194.9
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Basic press services and media relations activities are being maintained as well
as policy guidance and executive direction for the Region as a whole. The program
will continue the processing of Freedom of Information (FOI) requests, issuing
critical news releases, maintaining a regional Equal Employment Opportunity pro-
gram, responding to Congressional Inquiries, *and coordinating EPA involvement
in major State environmental issues.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $9,710,600 supported by 220.4 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
program provided support for the Regional Administrators and their immediate
staffs, as well as for the basic staff functions of public affairs, Congressional
and intergovernmental activities, and the equal employment opportunity function.
REGIONAL COUNSEL
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,827,000 supported by 80.2 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $217,000 and no change in total workyears from 1986. The Increase
provides for additional personnel and support costs.
The Offices of Regional Counsel will continue to handle all defensive litiga-
tion involving principally Regional Issues. They will provide advice and counsel
to Regional programs; review Regional ruleinaking actions; assist States by reviewing
State program delegation's and advising State agencies on obtaining adequate legal
MS-73
-------
authorities; and support Agency contract and assistance programs through resolution
of grant appeals! bid protests, and debarment and suspension actions. Special
emphasis will be placed on providing legal support to the reauthorized Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocatinn n total of $3,610,000 supported hv Rfl.5?
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Offices of Regional Counsel handle all defensive litigation involving prin-
cipally Regional issues . They provide advice and counsel to Regional programs;
review Regional rulemaking actions; and assist States by reviewing State program
delegations and advising State agencies on obtaining adequate legal authorities.
Additionally, the Regional Counsels continue to support Agency contract and assis-
tance programs through resolution of grant appeals, bid protests, and debarment
suspension actions.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,568,900 supported by 78.9 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In
1985, the Regional Counsels supported Agency priorities by providing legal advice
and support to Regional managers and defending the Agency in all litigation filed
against it. They also advised on actions such as grants, contracts, and personnel
actions. Additionally, Regional Counsel activities included advising State agen-
cies on the legal requirements for assuming environmental protection programs,
assisting in drafting appropriate regulatory language, and helping negotiate and
document the terms of delegation agreements.
PLANNING. EVALUATION. AND ANALYSIS - REGIONS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,432,100 supported by 60.1 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries -and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $15,100 and a decrease of 1.0 total workyear from 1986. The work*
year decrease results from less emphasis on Regional economic analysis. The
dollar increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions.
This funding will provide the Regional Administrators with the planning,
evaluation and analysis support needed to successfully manage the Regional offices.
Support will include directing Regional resources to carry out specific management
objectives identified in the Strategic Planning and Management System. Managing
for environmental results will entail evaluating Regional, State, and local
efforts to manage groundwater contamination problems and surveying alternatives
to land disposal of hazardous waste. The Regional offices also will provide
inter-media perspectives on cross-cutting issues, such as review and evaluation
of inter-media non-point source programs and development of a strategy for dealing
with those problems. In addition, they will continue to shift Regional programs
from an implementation to an oversight role and integrate data which provides the
basis for environmental decision-making and cost-effective use of resources, as
evidenced in the State Pilot Projects for Improved Environmental Decision Making.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,417,000 supported by 61.1
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
With these resources, the Regions are focusing on automating a priority regula-
MS-74
-------
ttons system governing participation in Agency rulemaking and reviews of proposed
significant policy documents; coordinating and evaluating the implementation of
the Agency's Performance-Based Grants Policy; developing performancebased grants
and Integrating them into comprehensive mid-year evaluations of state program
performance; and providing support to the Air, Water, and Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act programs to develop and Implement Integrated strategies to
streamline Regional efforts and achieve environmental results. They also are
participating with other Agency offices in the State Pilot Projects for Improved
Environmental Decision-Making currently underway in Oregon, Kansas, Kentucky, New
Jersey, and Maryland.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,358,500 supported by 59.8 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, to
conduct the planning, evaluation, and analysis functions in the ten Regional
offices. The Regions concentrated on managing for environmental results, improving
the annual planning process and utilizing environmental objectives in the planning
process, refining accountability systems, analyzing weaknesses in the Agency's
monitoring programs, improving monitoring data, developing monitoring strategies,
Implementing the Delegation and Oversight Policy for State Programs, and regulatory
reform.
MS-75
-------
Support Costs
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs. MS-77
Prof essi onal Trai ni ng . * MS-79
Nationwide Support Services....... » MS-80
Headquarters Support Services MS-80
Regional Support Services..... MS-81
Automated Data Processing and Telecommunications Support Costs... MS-82
Lab Support - Research & Development. MS-82
Lab Support - Air & Radiation.......................... MS-83
Lab Support - Pesticides & Toxic Substances.... MS-83
MS-76
-------
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs
PROGRAM
Professional Training
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
ACTUAL
1985
$440.5
$440.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
$497,4
$497.4
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$500.0
$500.0
-$21.5
-$21.5
$478.5
$478.5
$520.4
$520.4
$41.9
$41.9
Nationwide Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Operations, Research
and Facilities
$51,328.9 $55,036.4 $56,111.4
$51.9
-$2,414.5 $53,696.9 $57,957.7
TOTAL $51,380.8 $55,036.4 $56,111.4 -$2,414.5 $53,696.9 $57,957.7
Headquarters Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Automated Data
Processing and
Tel ecorrcnuni call ons
Support Costs
Salaries 8 Expenses
$32,183.3 $32,585.6 $32,529.5
TOTAL $32,183.3 $32,585.6 $32,529.5
$24,171.5 $21,508.4 $22,981.5
TOTAL $24,171.5 $21,508.4 $22,981.5
1,398.8 $31,130.7 $34,660.1
1,398.8 $31,130.7 $34,660.1.
-$988.1 $21,993.4 $23,678.5
-$988.1 $21s993o4 $23,678.5
$26,362.7 $23,700.0 $23,686.2
TOTAL $26,362.7 $23,700.0 $23,686.2
Lab Support-Research &
Hevelopment
Salaries & Expenses
X5,596.2 $4,631.8 $5,852.6
TOTAL $5,596.2 $4,631,8 $5,852.6
-$1,018.6 $22,667.6 $26,552.9
-$1,018.6 $22,667.6 $26,552,9
-$251,6 $5,601.0 $5,852.6
-$251,6 $5,601.0 $5,852.6
$4,260.8
$4,260.8
$3,529.4
$3,529.4
$1,685.1
$1,685.1
$3,885.3
$3,885.3
$251.6
$251.6
-------
ACTUAL
1985
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs
BUDGET ENACTED
ESTIMATE 1986
1986
BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
!
00
Lab Support - Air And
Radiation
Salaries & Expenses $1,825.1 - $1,753.2 $1,753.2
TOTAL $1,825.1 $1,753.2 $1,753.2
Lab Support -
Pesticides & Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$244.6
$244.6
$251.4
251.4
$251.4
$251.4
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Operations, Research
and Facilities
$142,152.8 $139,964.2 $143,665.8
$51.9
-$75.3 $1,677.9 $1,753.2 $75.3
-$75.3 $1,677.9 $1,753.2 $75.3
-$10.8 $240.6 $251.4 $10.8
-$10.8 $240.6 $251.4 $10.8
-$6,179.2 $137,486.6 $151,226.8 $13,740.2
Support Costs
TOTAL $142,204.7 $139,964.2 $143,665.8 -$6,179.2 $137,436.6 $151,226.8 $13,740.2
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Support Costs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $151,226,800 for 1987, an increase of $13,740,200
from 1986. All of the request Is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Program Description
The Agency Support Service components provide funds for general support to all
Agency programs except Superfund. Programs under support services are:
P rofes s ional Tra1n1ng This component provides Agencywide training to
executive, supervisory, secretarial, clerical, scientific and technical employees.
Natipnwide Suppo rt Services This component provides Agencywide services
for the following support functions: facilities rental and associated costs; pay-
ments to the U.S. Postal Service; Federal Telecommunications Service (FTS); nation-
wide security services; reimbursements to the Federal Employees' Compensation Fund;
payments to the Public Health Service for personnel and administrative services for
commissioned officers assigned to EPA; and contracts and Intergovernmental Agree-
ments which support EPA's occupational health and safety program, and the finance
and payroll systems,
Headquarters Support Services -- This program provides office, building, and
1n forina tlon man ag ement servi ces to Headquarters and the research center at Research
Triangle Park (RTP), North Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio.
Regional Support Services This component provides office, building, and
1nformationmanagement Services for Regional offices,
AutomatedDataLProcessing and TelecoipiunljcationsSupport Costs This com-
ponentprovidescomputingand related dataprocessing servicesto all Agency pro-
grams.
lab Support -Research and Development This component provides support ser-
vices to the Office of Research and Development's seven remote laboratories (those
located outside Cincinnati, and Research Triangle Park). These costs are not
covered by the Headquarters Support account, which funds similar items in Head-
quarters, Cincinnati, and RTP.
Lab Support - Air and Radiation -- This component provides support services
to the Motor Veh i c1e Enri s s i oTisCaBoratory, the Eastern Environmental Radiation
Facility, and the Las Vegas facility.
Lab Support - Pesticides and Toxic^ Substances This component provides sup-
port services to 1aboratorles i nBeltsvf11 e, Maryland and Bay St. Louis, Mississippi.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $520,400, all of which will be for the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase of $41,900 from 1986.
This Increase will cover escalated costs for services. This request will maintain
current training and development programs mandated by statute and the Office of
MS-79
-------
Personnel Management (0PM). This program also supports a variety of activities to
provide a career development framework for employees* Training programs will be
provided to enhance the Agency's scientific and technical expertise, management
effectiveness, and clerical support.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $478,500, all of which is from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds are being used to assess
training and career development needs and programs, to provide training for Agency
employees, and to develop new training and development mechanisms.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $440,500, all of which was from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds were utilized to provide training
in the areas of supervisory management, executive development, clerical skills,
and technical and scientific development.
NATIONWIDE SUPPORT SERVICES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $57,957,700, all of which will be for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase of $4,260,800
from 1986. The increase will cover space rental rate increases as well as cost
escalations to service contracts. These funds will pay for Agencywide support
costs including space rental, postage, FTS and telecommunications costs, national
security, Code of Federal Regulations typesetting, unemployment compensation,
workmen's compensation, health and safety studies, and personnel support for Public
Health Service commissioned officers.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $53,696,900, all of which 1s
from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources are being used by
the Agency to provide efficient nationwide services to the Agency workforce.
1985 Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $51,380,800, of which $51,328,900
was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $51,900 was from the Opera-
tions, Research, and Facilities appropriation. These resources allowed the Agency
to launch several Nationwide Support efforts in the areas of space planning, tele-
communications, information security, and personal property management. These
resources also assisted Regional offices in relocating from abestos contaminated
envi ronments.
HEADQUARTERS SUPPORT SERVICES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $34,660,100, all of which will be for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase of $3,529,400
from 1936. The Increase will cover cost escalations to service contracts, as well
as rate increases in a number of support areas (e.g., telephones, utilities,
MS-80
-------
etc.)» These resources will provide ongoing Headquarters Support services Includ-
ing motor pool, printing and copying, telephones, utilities, facilities operations
and maintenance, mail distribution, and ADP technical support to EPA operations in
Washington, Research Triangle Park (RTP),, North Carolina, and Cincinnati, Ohio.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency Is allocating a total of $31,130,700, all of which 1s
from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources are being used to
provide ongoing office, building, and Information management services to EPA opera-
tions 1n Washington, RTP, and Cincinnati. With this funding level the Agency is
continuing to operate and manage EPA facilities, provide office supply/support
services, and develop, operate and enhance management information systems. Addi-
tionally, the Agency is developing operating plans for new delegations of authority
for lease enforcement/bull ding operations at Headquarters facilities, and refining
procedures for property management/inventory control.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $32,183,300, all of which was from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources provided basic Head-
quarters Support services to EPA operations in Washington, RTP,.and Cincinnati.
In addition, these resources supported the preparation of additional office space
in the North East Mall, and continued implementation of electronic security systems.
REGIONAL SUPPORT SERVICES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $23,678,500, all of which will be for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase of $1,685,100
from 1986 to allow for Increased operating costs. This level of resources will
provide the ten Regional offices with basic support services Including printing
and copying, minicomputer operations, utilities, mall, telephone, library opera-
tions, general training, and office and laboratory facility maintenance. These
funds will also help to meet the demand for technical and laboratory support.
1986Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $21,993,400, all of which 1s
from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources are being used to
provide effective and efficient office, building, and information management
services to the Regions.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $24,171,500, all of which was from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds provided ongoing support
services 1n the Regions, Including improved property management and better safety
and security for EPA employees. Also, the Regions continued efforts to contract
out appropriate support services, provided minicomputer operations to Increase
Regional productivity, and in some Regions achieved significant gains through
space consolidation.
MS-81
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AUTOMATED DATA PROCESSING AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS SUPPORT COSTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $26,552,900, all of which will be for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an Increase of $3,885,300
from 1986. This increase will enable the Agency to continue its program to replace
obsolete computers in its ten Regional offices as well as cover increased costs
for computing services. With this level of resources we will maintain current
computing services in support of all Agency programs, exclusive of Superfund.
These funds will be used to acquire, maintain and operate computing hardware and
systems software at the Agency's National Computer Center; provide central manage-
ment and technical support of the Agency's distributed computing resources; and
operate a telecommunications network linking these central and distributed comput-
ing systems.
1986Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $22,667,600, all of which is from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds are being used to maintain cur-
rent computing services in support of all Agency programs, exclusive of Superfund.
These services include acquiring, maintaining, and operating computing hardware
and systems software at the Agency's National Computer Center; central management
and technical support of the Agency's distributed computing resources; and operat-
ing a data communications network linking these central and distributed computing
systems.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $26,362,700, all of which was from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Agency used these funds to complete
the modernization of Its mainframe computing systems, install more efficient tele-
communications services to the EPA Regions and major laboratory centers, and begin
replacing obsolete computing systems in the EPA Regional offices,
LAB SUPPORT - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,852,600, all of which will be for the Sala-
ries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase of $251,600 from
1986. The increase reflects Increased operating expenses. Funds provide for
essential services required to operate and maintain ORD's seven remote laboratories
located in Athens, Georgia; Ada, Oklahoma; Corvallis, Oregon; Duluth, Minnesota;
Narragansett, Rhode Island; Gulf Breeze, Florida; and Las Vegas, Nevada. Services
Include, but are not limited to, facilities operation and maintenance, janitorial
and guard services, local telephone services, utilities, and equipment operations,
maintenance, and rental costs.
J98A Program
In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,601,000, all of which is from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. , This program provides funds for the
operation and maintenance of ORD's seven remote laboratories.
MS-82
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1985 Accomplishments
The Agency obligated a total of $5,596,200, all of which was from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation. Funds provided for the operation and maintenance of
remote laboratories.
LAB SUPPORT - AIR AND RADIATION
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,753,200, all of which will be for the Sala-
ries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an Increase of $75,300 from
1986. The Increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions. This program will support the Motor Vehicle Emissions Labora-
tory (MVEL) In Ann Arbor, Michigan; the Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility
(EERF) in Montgomery, Alabama; and the Las Vegas radiation facility in Nevada.
These funds provide basic operation and maintenance support at these locations.
Support provided consists of security, janitorial and maintenance services, utili-
ties, GSA vehicles, supplies and materials, and communications*
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating $1,677,900, all of which 1s from the Sala-
ries and Expenses appropriation. The 1986 program is providing the same types of
activities described for 1987: basic laboratory operations, maintenance and
supplies. These activities are required on a continuing basis.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total $1,825,100, all of which was from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds provided the basic facilities
operations and maintenance costs necessary to operate the three laboratories.
»
LAB SUPPORT - PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $251,400, all of which will be for the Sala-
ries and Expenses Appropriation. This represents an increase of $10,800 from
1986. The increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-
wide deficit reductions. These funds will be used for basic facilities and opera-
tions and maintenance costs for the laboratories in Beltsville, Maryland and Bay
St. Louis, Mississippi. These costs include utilities, security, communications,
warehousing, custodial services, and building maintenance.
1986 Program ,
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $240,600 all of which is from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The 1985 program supports the facilities,
operations, and maintenance costs of the Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances'
laboratories.
1985 Accomplishments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $244,600, all of which was from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The funds were used to obtain the continued
requirements for general support and maintenance.
MS-83
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Buildings and
Facilities
SECTION TAB
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Page Intentionally Blank
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10: Building Facilities
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Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
Page
BUILDINGS & FACILITIES BF-1
Buildings & Facilities BF-2
New Facilities BF-5
Repairs & Improvements BF-6
BF-I
-------
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
ACTUAL BUDGET ' ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Buildings and Facilities
TOTAL, Buildings and
Facilities
$5,228.1 $5,000.0
$5,228.1 $5,000.0
$5,000.0 -$215.0 $4,785.0 $5,000.0 $215.0
$5,000.0 -$215.0 $4,785.0 $5,000.0 $215.0
7
to
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
$3,872.3 $5,195.0 $5,449.5 -$55.0 $5,394.5 $8,405,5 $3,011.0
Authorization 1s by virtue of the Appropriation Act.
-------
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Buildings and Facilities appropriation funds the design, construction,
repair and improvement of buildings occupied by EPA. The Agency currently has
ten Regional offices, three large research and development laboratories, several
field stations with laboratory facilities and a large Headquarters complex.
This program provides a safe and healthful work environment for EPA employees
by providing for maintenance, repair or replacement of our facilities. Major ef-
forts are directed towards implementing intermediate and long-range plans which
assess alternative housing options for EPA operations, as well as continuing a
repair program that protects the investment in EPA's real property holdings. Re-
sources are-also used to upgrade and modify current facilities to more adequately
and efficently address Agency programs. Particular emphasis will continue to be
placed on modifying current facilities in order to respond to the high level of
activity in the hazardous waste program.
BF-3
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RUILMNGS AND FACILITIES
Building and Facilities
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMAT-F.
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BtlllGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PRQGRW
New Facilities
Buildings A Facilities
TOTAL
Repairs * Improvements
Buildings * Facilities
TOTAL:
Buildings * Facilities
TOTAL
Building S Facilities TOTAL
$l,fi34.4
$1,634.4
3,593.7
3,593.7
$5,228.1
$5,228.1
$5,000.0 $5,000.0
$5,000.0 $5,000.0
$5,000.0 $5,000.0
$5,000.0 $5,000.0
-$215.0 $4,785.0 $5,000.0 $215.0
-$215.0 $4,785.0 $5,000.0 $215.0
-$215.0 $4,785.0 $5,000.0 $215.0
-$215,0 $4,785.0 $5,000.0 $215.0
-------
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,000,000 all of which will be for the Build-
ings and Facilities appropriation. This represents an increase of $215,000 from
1986.
P r og ram De sc: r1J>t1on
This program funds the design and construction of new EPA facilities, as well
as necessary repairs and improvements to buildings already occupied by EPA. The
Agency is currently upgrading its facilities by improving heating and ventilating
systems, enlarging hazardous waste containment areas, improving fire detection
systems, providing interior and exterior facility repairs, upgrading electrical
systems, performing engineering and planning studies, and making emergency repairs.
In addition, the Agency is currently designing a new radiation laboratory 1n Mont-
gomery, Alabama, with construction planned for 1987.
This program contains the following two elements:
New Facilit 1 es This includes engineering and design services and building
costs for the construction of new Federally owned facilities to be occupied by
EPA and existing Federally owned and EPA occupied facilities.
Repa1rsand Imp rovement s This covers major repairs and capital improvements
to any Dui 1 dings Or facilities occupied by EPA. Most of the projects relate to
the correction of health and safety deficiencies, the prevention of serious deterio-
ration, and the modification of current facilities to meet program requirements.
NEW FACILITIES
1987 Program Request
The Agency 1s not requesting any funds for this activity in 1987.
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency is not allocating new funds for this activity. However,
we are continuing our efforts to design a new radiation laboratory in Montgomery,
Alabama, design a full containment facility in Cincinnati, Ohio, construct a wild-
life toxicology facility 1n Corvallis, Oregon, and construct a pollution abatement
facility at the Environmental Research Laboratory in Narragansett, Rhode Island.
Also, we are continuing plans and designs for a replacement laboratory in Newport,
Oregon.
1985 Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,634,400 for this program, all of
which was from the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. These funds were used
to begin constructing a wildlife toxicology facility for the Environmental Research
Laboratory at Corvallis, Oregon, and a pollution abatement facility at the Environ-
mental Research Laboratory in Narragansett, Rhode Island. The Agency also Initiat-
ed the design of a full containment facility in Cincinnati, Ohio, and a new radia-
tion laboratory in Montgomery, Alabama.
BF-5
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REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS
1987 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,000,000 for this program, all of which
will be for the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. This represents an In-
crease of $215,000 from 1986. The Increase will provide for Increased costs for
repairs and Improvements 1n 1987. These funds will provide planning, engineer-
Ing design, and construction related to the repair and Improvement of buildings
occupied by EPA. More specifically, these funds will be used to address critical
repairs related to employee health and safety (fire protection Installation);
environmental compliance efforts in EPA facilities (asbestos removal and hazar-
dous materials storage); and required alterations and repairs (electrical distribu-
tion, air conditioning, emergency power for animal facilities).
1986 Program
In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $4,785,000 for this program, all
of which 1s from the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. These resources are
being utilized primarily to provide facilities maintenance and repair in an effort
to prevent further deterioration of EPA facilities; to Initiate environmental
compliance activities such as asbestos and PCB removal; and to continue health and
safety Improvements and modifications to facilities reflecting shifts in program.
priorities and expanded space requirements.
198S Accompl1shments
In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,593,700, all of which was from
the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. These resources were used to complete
various health and safety improvements to protect EPA employees and provide routine
and emergency repairs at multiple sites throughout the nation.
BF-6
-------
Construction
Grants
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS CG-1
Construction Grants CG-3
CG-1
-------
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTWATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Appropriation $2,400,000.0 $2,400,000.0 $600,000.0* -$25,800.0 $574,200.0* 0** -$574,200.0
Obligations $2,573,964.9 $2,500,000.0 $1,400.000.0 -$25,800.0 $1,374,200.0 $108,267.0 -$1,265,933.0
Outlays $2,899,742.7 $2,650,000.0 $2,820,000.0 -$258.0 $2,819,742.0 $2,355,200.0 -$464,542.0
Authorization Levels $2,600,000.0*** Authorization for Construction Grants expired September 30,1985, and 1s
pending reauthorlzatlon.
* An additional $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthorlzatlon.
** A Supplemental Appropriation request for $1,8 billion will be proposed subsequent to reauthorlzatlon,
Q *** Authorization level Includes $200.0 million for Combined Sewer Overflow program.
to
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CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Federal government has provided in excess of $40 billion in grants for
construction of wastewater treatment plants. The Administration has proposed to
phase out the Federal grant program by 1990 and return responsibility for meeting
future wastewater treatment construction needs to State and local governments. This
transition of responsibilty was initiated in 1977 and expanded in 1981 with amend-
ments to the Clean Water Act (CWA) that encouraged delegation of the program to
States and reduced Federal grant eligibilities.
Implementing the current CWA and the Administration's proposed legislation, the
goals of the Construction Grants program continue to be to improve water quality and
protect health, to reduce the discharge of municipal wastewater pollutants, and to
ensure an effective transition of program management and financial responsibility
from the Federal Government to State and local governments. To meet these goals, the
program provides grants to municipal and intermunicipal agencies to assist in
financing the construction of cost-effective and environmentally sound municipal
wastewater treatment facilities to comply with requirements of the Clean Water Act.
In addition the program provides funds to help delegated States manage the Construc-
tion Grants program and carry out water quality management planning programs. EPA
works with the States to ensure that funds go to projects with the greatest water
quality and public health impact. As of the end of 1985, 4319 projects remained
active.
During 1985, EPA proposed legislative amendments addressing issues of the Fed-
eral role under a transitional program including Federal policy, management, over-
sight, and assistance to State programs. These legislative amendments propose Fed*
era! funding totalling $6,000,000,000 through 1989 and, beginning in 1986, fund-
} ing be limited to ongoing projects that had previously received Federal funds.
To assist the transition of responsibility, EPA is providing essential guidance
to implement statutory and Agency requirements; providing training and technical
assistance to State and EPA personnel to develop needed skills; helping maintain
facilities compliance; and continuing to maintain essential oversight of State con-
struction and operations and maintenance programs.
OG-3
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CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
Construction Grants
Budget Request
The Agency is not requesting funds for 1987 at this time. Subject to enactment
of appropriate reform legislation, the Agency will submit an amended request for
$1,800,000,000 for the Municipal Construction Grants program. This request will
represent an increase of $1,225,800,000 over the $574,200,000 currently available
from 1986 appropriations.
IP rog r am
This program provides grants to municipal and inter-municipal agencies to
assist in financing the construction of cost-effective and environmentally sound
municipal wastewater treatment facilities and to assist delegated States in carry-
ing out their responsibilities. Resources associated with the management of Con-
struction Grants are described in the Municipal Source Control subactivity.
Statutory set-aside provisions of the Act have authorized States to reserve
up to four percent of their authorization or $400,000, whichever is greater, primar-
ily to manage delegated activities. Clean Water Act Amendments proposed by EPA in
1985 would eliminate State set-asides for water quality management planning, Innova-
tive/Alternative technologies and rural communities. All grants for assisting in
the construction of wastewater treatment facilities are to be awarded on the basis
of a State's priority system, which is designed to ensure that funds are awarded to
projects with the greatest potential for improving water quality.
The 1981 Amendments to the Clean Water Act increased non-Federal responsibility
for financing construction from 25% to 45% for awards made beginning in 1985 while
maintaining the share for already started phased or segmented projects at 25 per-
cent. Grantees must demonstrate prior to award that the most economical alternative
has been selected, including construction, operation, maintenance, and replacement
costs. Value engineering review became mandatory for projects above $10 million;
Additionally, engineering firms must oversee a project's first year of operation to
help ensure that it meets design and permit specifications. Other provisions
designed to make projects more cost effective included eliminating funding to
jconstruct reserve capacity, limiting project eligibilities beginning in 1985, and
providing for State discretion on certain funding eligibilities. EPA is working
with all States to continue ensuring optimum delegation and effective State over-
sight.
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
1987 Program Request
No 1987 budget request is made at this time. However, once appropriate re-
form legislation is enacted, the Agency will submit an amended request totaling
$1,800,000,000. This represents an increase of $1,225,800,000 over the $574,200,000
currently available from the 1986 Continuing Resolution. Consistent with the need
to honor previous funding commitments, the Administration continues to support
passage of legislation to limit funding to ongoing projects that have already
received Federal funding, i.e., no new starts.
CG-4
-------
1986 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $574,200,000 from the 1986 Continuing
Resolution to fund both new projects and phased or segmented projects. Congress
has also reserved $1,800,000 to be made available in a future appropriations bill.
The Agency estimates gross obligations of $1,880,000.000, predominantly from pre-
vious years' authority, and net outlays of approximately $2 820,000,000. A total
of 148 step 3 and step 2 and 3 grant awards are being made resulting in 2,849
active construction projects at the end of 1986.
1985 Accompli shments
In 1985, net construction grants obligations totaled $2,105,000,000, and sup-
ported 476 Step 3 and 2+3 grant awards. This funding resulted in 4319 active pro*-
jects at the end of 1985. During the year, construction was completed on 833 pro-
jects. Federal outlays totaled $2,899,742,700.
GG-5
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Page Intentionally Blank
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Superfund
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
SUPERFUND SF-1
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Cont i ngency PI an.. ,.»..».., , SF-4
Hazardous Substance Response SF-5
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency..... SF-6
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement.......... SF-6
Hazardous Substance Research SF-7
Hazardous Substance Management and Support... SF-8
SF-1
-------
APPROPRIATION
SUPERFUND
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Substances
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL, Superfund
$480,405.2 $900,000.0 $900,000.0 -$38,700.0 $861,300.0 $1,050,000.0 $188,700.0
$480,405.2 $900,000.0 $900,000.0 -$38,700.0 $861,300.0 $1,050,000.0 $188,700.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL I'ORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
1,237.2 1,556.2 1,556.2 1,556.2 1,556.2
1,350.3 1,716.0 1,716.0 1,716.0 1,716.0
$360,311.6 $670,000.0 $480,000.0 -$7,590.0 $472,410.0 $770,800.0 $298,390.0
Taxing authority, which is the major source of funding for this program expired on
September 30, 1985. Fundtng for both 1986 and 1987 1s contingent on reauthorization.
-------
SUPERFUNO
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substances $480,405.0 $900,000.0 $900,000.0 -$38,700.0 $861,300.0 $1050,000.0 $188»700.0
TOTAL $480,405.0 $900,000.0 $900,000.0 -$38,700.0 $861,300.0 $1050,000.0 $188,700.0
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substances $480,405.0 $900,000.0 $900,000.0 -$38,700»0 $861,300.0 $1050,000.0 $188,700.0
g>
X Hazardous Substance TOTAL $480,405.0 $900,000.0 $900,000.0 -$38,700.0 $861,300.0 $1050,000.0 $188,700.0
Response Trust Fund
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance 1,237.2 1,556.2 1,556.2 1,556.2 1,556.2
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 1,237.2 1,556.2 1,556.2 1,556.2 1,556.2
TOTAL HORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance 1,350.3 1,716.0 1,716.0 1,716.0 1,716.0
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL WDRKYEARS 1,350.3 1,716.0 1,716.0 1,716.0 1,716.0
-------
SUPERFUND
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCIA) of 1980, commonly known as Superfund, charges the Agency with the re-
sponsibility for providing emergency response for hazardous substances released
into the environment and the cleanup of inactive hazardous waste disposal sites.
The major, emphasis of the Superfund program will continue to be to stabilize immi-
nent threats at hazardous waste sites and to implement the necessary long-term
remedial response actions. The Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund finances
the required activities to implement CERCLA primarily through excise taxes levied
on oil and chemical manufacturers. The authority to collect taxes expired on
September 30, 1935.
The 1987 request is based on the Administration's reauthorization proposal
and represents a continuing major investment in addressing the serious environ-
mental and human health problems caused by hazardous substance releases and inac-
tive hazardous waste disposal sites. The request provides $1,050 million supported
by 1,716 workyears to continue Superfund cleanup activities.
As authorized under CERCLA, the Agency will respond to releases of hazardous
substances, pollutants, and contaminants by either a removal or remedial action or
by compelling responsible parties to undertake the response action. Removal
actions are generally short-term responses taken to abate an immediate threat
posed by the uncontrolled release of hazardous substances at sites or spills into
the air, land, or water. Remedial actions involve long-term and more permanent
remedies taken instead of, or in addition to, removal actions, the program will
continue to select sites for remedial action from the National Priorities List
(NPL) and to undertake all response actions in accordance with the National
Contingency Plan.
While the Agency has the primary responsibility for implementing the program,
CERCLA and Executive Order 12316 provide a ctear mandate for the Agency to work
closely with a variety of other Federal agencies and the States to carry out the
Act.
The Agency undertakes five major activities in implementing the Superfund
program: Hazardous Substance Response, Interagency Support, Enforcement, Research
and Development, and Management and Support. The effective integration of these
activities involves close cooperation among various Agency offices, the States,
and other Federal agencies with specific program responsibilities.
CONTINGENCY PLAN
On September 30, 1985, the taxing authority of Superfund expired. In
anticipation that ^authorization would not occur by October 1, 1985, the Agency
developed a contingency plan to ensure that the Agency could maintain sufficient
funding to continue operation of the Superfund program in 1986* On August 14,
1985, the Administrator implemented the Superfund Contingency Plan by stopping
planned obligations for new remedial design and construction activities. Other
remedial and all removal activities continued. This delayed work at 57 sites and
was the primary reason the Agency was able to carry over approximately $185 million
for use in 1986. The available funding has increased by approximately $20 million
in 1986 through additional revenues gained from cost recovery, interest, and
residual taxes.
The available funding is sufficient to maintain the Agency's workforce through
1986 and provide funding for six months of reduced program operations. The basic
strategy underlying the Contingency Plan is that the earlier, less costly phases
of long term cleanup and the contract and personnel infrastructure of the program
should be supported to the maximum extent practicable so that program momentum can
he restored quickly following reauthorization. Specifically, the plan calls for
SF-4
-------
1) maintaining the current workforce for the entire year to allow the program to
work toward finishing ongoing site work and to ensure that no momentum is lost
once reauthorization occurs; ?) ensuring adequate funding for emergency response
actions; 3) continuing incremental funding for ongoing remedial site work; 4)
pursuing an aggressive enforcement program so that long-term cleanup can be initi-
ated by responsible parties; and 5) maintaining the necessary support contracts
for'analytical, technical, and program support.
Any work beyond this plan in 1986 is contingent upon additional funding being
made available through a reauthorization of the taxing authority of Superfund.
Hazardous Substance Response
The Hazardous Substance Response program is responsible for protecting human
health and the environment from the dangers associated with releases of hazardous
substances into the environment by providing the necessary funding and support to
undertake short-term emergency responses and long-term site cleanup. The activi-
ties include responding to spills and emergency releases of hazardous substances
and conducting remedial work at abandoned and uncontrolled hazardous waste sites.
The Agency coordinates an emergency response program to deal with the most
serious hazardous substance spills and site emergencies where the responsible
party or State and local governments are unable to respond adequately. The Agency
also conducts a comprehensive program to evaluate all known hazardous waste sites,
to establish priorities for remedial response, and to undertake the appropriate
remedy at as many sites as possible.
The emphasis in 1987 will be to restore program momentum and implement a
balanced program to ensure that environmental threats posed by sites are addressed
as quickly and effectively as possible. The funds requested, together with antici*
pated unobligated balances from 1986, will ensure that the Agency is able to com-
mence remedial action at most sites where design work is completed prior to or
during the year. The Agency will be implementing programmatic changes to speed up
the remedial process and to improve both the management and technical performance
of the remedial program. Also, the Agency will place an emphasis on selecting
alternative technologies, when they are cost-effective, as part of on-site remedies.
At least one alternative to land disposal will be evaluated as part of the remedy
selection process at each site.
The request for 1987 will also ensure an adequate level of resources to
support activities that complement direct response actions. The Agency's
Environmental Response Team will continue to provide training and technical support
to Agency, State, and local government personnel. Also, the Agency will continue
to develop a system for collecting comprehensive national notification and response
data on accidental releases of oil and hazardous substances. The program will
establish mechanisms to facilitate the transfer of research and other technical
information among decision-makers with emphasis on the transfer of information
concerning alternative technologies to land disposal. Activities under the
Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program (part of the Agency's Air Toxics strategy)
will focus on providing training and technical assistance to States and priority
areas. The Agency will also carry out simulations and exercises to evaluate
contingency plans, preparedness, and response operations.
In 1986, emergency actions are being conducted under the contingency plan,
which is in effect until the Superfund taxing authority is reauthorized. Actions
are being taken in those situations where the Agency must respond to threats to
human health or the environment. The Agency expects to assume a greater role in
1987 by expanding the definition of emergency response to include threats of re-
Teases. This should help to prevent actual releases of hazardous substances.
Broader language contained in the revised National Contingency Plan will result in
a greater number of National Priorities List (NPL) sites being targeted for emer-
gency response actions. New remedial activities in 1986 have had to he severely
curtailed under the Contingency Plan pending reauthorization.
SP-5
-------
The Agency responded to 196 hazardous spills and site emergencies in 1985,
approximately equal to the 204 Agency response actions in 1984. Other accomplish-
ments in 1985 under the Agency's long-term cleanup program include the completion
of preliminary assessments at 5,137 sites and more detailed site assessments at
1,616 sites. In addition, the Agency initiated Fund-financed remedial investiga-
tions/feasibility studies (RI/FS) at 115 sites, Fund-financed remedial designs
(RD) at 16 sites, and Fund-financed remedial actions (RA) at 5 sites.
Haza rd ou s Substance Resgpnse * Int e ragency
CERCLA requires the Federal government to implement a coordinated program to
respond to spills of hazardous substances and abandoned or uncontrolled waste
sites containing hazardous substances. To this end, the following agencies
provide support to EPA: Department of Health and Human Services, Department of
Justice, Department of Transportation, Department of Commerce, Federal Emergency
Management Agency, Department of Labor, and Department of Interior.
Executive Order 12316, signed by the President in August 1981, requires EPA
to manage an interagency budget process which culminates in a consolidated budget
for all the agencies that support the Superfund program. The activities of other
Federal agencies are divided into two basic categories. The first category in-
cludes those activities which are episodic in nature and taken in direct support
of specific site or spill response actions. With the exception of the Federal
Emergency Management Agency, these actions are financed on a reimbursable basis
from the funds appropriated to the Hazardous Spill and Site Response program.-
The second category of other Federal agency involvement is support for on-going
activities which are generally not incident-specific. These activities include
developing program policies and guidance, conducting health research, training
response personnel, litigating civil and criminal cases, and providing scientific
and technical advice to EPA on-scene coordinators. All funds are provided through
transfer allocation accounts with the exception of the United States Coast Guard
(USCG), Funds are transferred to the USCG on a reimbursable basis.
In 1987, other Federal agencies will resume the full scope of ongoing
activities consistent with the direction in the Executive order. As part of the
Superfund Contingency Plan, other Federal agencies participating in the Super-
fund program are limiting their 1986 activities to those determined to be essential
and consistent with the Agency's. New projects proposed in 1986 are being deferred
until- new authorizing legislation is signed. Major interagency activities in 1985
included: conducting on-going health related studies, litigating civil and cost
recovery cases, operating the National Response Center, ensuring worker health and
safety, and providing relocation assistance and training.
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement
The Hazardous Substance Response Enforcement program protects human health
and the environment by securing privately-financed response to actual or threatened
releases of hazardous substances. The program pursues privately-financed response
for the cleanup of hazardous waste sites and for the recovery of funds spent on
Federal response actions.
To accomplish its mission, the enforcement program provides legal and
technical support for negotiations for privately-financed response; develops and
executes CERCLA Section 106 orders to compel responsible party response; and
initiates civil, criminal, and CERCLA Section 107 cost, recovery cases for referral
to the Department of Justice (DOJ). The program also provides technical and legal
support for ongoing cases filed by DOJ on behalf of the Agency and reviews and
comments on State Lead enforcement actions. The National Enforcement Investiga-
tions Center (NEIC) provides specialized technical support for cases-filed under
CERCLA and provides evidence audit and case management support for major Superfund
actions.
In 1987, the Agency will continue to focus its enforcement efforts on those
sites included on the NPL where administrative actions are most likely to result
SF-6
-------
in privately-financed response actions. This will be achieved through negotiation,
issuance of administrative orders, and, where necessary, judicial action. The
Regions will continue devoting effort to the ground water protection strategy
where it involves CERCLA issues. Resources will also he devoted to additional
civil referrals and expected increases in remedial actions as RI/FS are completed
on CERCLA sites. Headquarters will develop guidance specifically targeted to 1)
expeditious resolution of CERCLA Section 106 cases; 2) further delegations of
settlement authority for cost recoveries and certain CERCLA Section 106 cases; 3)
expanded use of alternatives to litigation; 4.) revisions to insurance and bankrupcy
guidances; 5) integration of the enforcement of the RCRA and CERCLA programs; and
6) revised CERCLA Section 106 Administrative Order guidance.
Although the Hazardous Substance Response portion of the Superfund program
has been slowed pending ^authorization, the enforcement program continues aggres-
sively to seek privately-financed response and to recover monies spent by the
Trust Fund. In addition to continuing oversight of RP response actions commenced
in previous years, in 1986, the Agency will achieve RP agreements to start approxi-
mately 49 removals, 50 RI/FS, and 50 remedial designs by administrative and judicial
means. Moreover, there will be an increased effort to resolve swiftly the ongoing
case docket as a result of 1985 CERCLA initiatives in RI/FS and the increase -in
civil judicial referrals.
The value of the enforcement program is demonstrated by the fact that during
1985, Responsible Parties at 102 sites responded to enforcement actions and have
agreed to conduct cleanup activities with an estimated value of $126 million.
This brings the total estimated value of cleanup actions achieved through enforce-
ment procedures from the program's inception to S481 million. In addition to
compelling RPs to conduct cleanup activities, the program seeks recovery of Trust
Fund expenditures for Federally-financed response actions. During 1985, of the 55
cases developed, 32 cost recovery cases were referred to the DOJ seeking $27 mil-
lion. In addition to these new cases referred to DOJ, the Agency achieved $22
million in settlements from cases referred to DOJ this year and in prior years.
The total cost recovery settlements to date are over $25 million.
The following guidance was also developed in 1985: 1) CERCLA settlement policy;
2) EPA/State Relationships in Enforcement Actions for Sites on the National Priori-
ties List; 3) procedures for issuing Notice Letters; 4) a model CERCLA Section 106
Consent Order for an RI/FS; 5) preparation of decision documents for approving
Fund-financed and Potential Responsible Party (PRP) remedial actions under CERCLA;
6) cost recovery procedures manual; 7) procedures for planning and implementing
off-site response actions; and 8) RI and FS guidance.
Hazardo u s Substanee Research
The Research and Development program supports the Agency, States, and industry
in resolving technical problems that inhibit implementation of removal and remedial
actions. Support focuses on adapting existing technologies, procedures, and scien-
tific information for application to uncontrolled sites. This support includes
providing tailored guidance documents, operations manuals, risk and site assess*
ment techniques, and direct technical assistance to implementing personnel at
all levels. The specific objectives of the program are providing techniques and
procedures for site and situation assessment; evaluating technologies for managing
uncontrolled sites; developing procedures for ensuring effective assessment of
sites which have been cleaned up; evaluating personnel health, protective equip-
ment, and procedures; developing reportable quantities information; providing
technical support for enforcement, program, and Regional offices; and, providing
quality assurance support.
As the Research and Development program resumes its momentum in 1987, it will
provide the guidance documents, operations manuals, assessment techniques, and
technical expertise needed to meet the requirements of the Superfund program. As
a result of the nature of Research and Development's support of the Superfund
program, the Superfund Contingency Plan's reduction in the level of response acti-
vity has produced a corresponding and proportionate reduction in the level and
SF-7
-------
nature of research and development support. In 1985, the program's accomplishments
Included 1) a ground and surface water modeling user's guide; 2) risk assessment
support for the enforcement program for 15 states; 3) provision of 58 Health
Effects Assessment documents; 4) development of 90, chronic toxity components for
reportable quantity documents; and 5) a summary of the Duality Assurance provided
to the National contract laboratory program.
Hazardous Substance Management And Support
This function provides the full array of financial, administrative, and
support services necessary to manage and implement the Superfund program. This
includes financial management to track and report on the use of the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund; administrative management for contract, personnel,
information systems, office and laboratory services, and safety training; services
to cover the costs of space, utilities, and other non-personnel support needs;
and computer services to fund data processing costs. Management and support also
includes the support of legal services; auditing services; policy analysis and
program evaluation; budget development and oversight; and lab support for Superfund
research.
In 1987, management and support will be expected to support fully the
increasing Superfund program. In particular, this includes expanded contract
capability as extramural dollars increase and additional support of Superfund cost
recovery actions as additional Fund-financed actions are completed.
In 1986, under the Contingency Plan, all attempts have been made to maintain
the program's personnel and contractual infrastructure. Services have not yet
been reduced in 1986. This should assist the program to regain quickly its momen-
tum following reauthorization. Accomplishments in 1985 include improving and
maintaining detailed site specific transaction records; recruiting specialized
personnel nationwide; providing cost documentation to support cost recovery
litigation; maintaining sophisticated ADP systems to track hazardous waste site
funding and oversight of Agency compliance with unique Trust Fund requirements;
and completing Superfund audits of EPA contractors and assistance recipients, and
Internal and management audits of Superfund activities.
SF-8
-------
Special Analyses
SECTION TAB
-------
Page Intentionally Blank
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SPECIAL ANALYSES
Table of Contents
Page
EPA Organization Chart -.. SA-2
EPA Regional Offices - Locations SA-3
Summary of Resources, By Appropriation..... SA-4
Summary of Resources, By Media.... SA-7
1986 Workyears and Budget Authority, By Media and Appropriation.. SA-11
1987 Workyears and Budget Authority, By Media and Appropriation..... SA-12
Summary of State Grant Resources SA-13
History of'State Grant Budget Authority....... SA-14
Permanent Positions by Grade .. SA-17
Average Employment and Salary. SA-22
Object Classification:
Research and Development. SA-23
Abatement, Control and Compliance.................... . SA-25
Sal ari es and Expenses SA-28
Buildings and Facilities SA-32
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund.. SA-34
-------
US. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGIONS
Locations and States
Region I Headquarters.Boston, Massachusetts
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
Region II Headquarters, New York, New York
New jersey,New York, Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Region III Headquarters, Phi 1 adelphia, Pennsylvanla
Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland,
Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia
Region VI Headquarters, Dal 1 as, Texas
Arkansas, Louisiana, New Hex1co
Oklahoma, Texas
Region VII Headquarters, Kansas City, Kansas
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Region VIH Headquarters.Denver, Colorado
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,
South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
Region IV Headquarters, At1anta, Georqla
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Tennessee
Region V Headquarters, Chicago, 111inois
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan
Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin
San Francisco, California
Region IX Headquarters,
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada,
American Samoa, Guam, Trust Territories
of Pacific Islands, Northern Mariana
Islands
Region X Headquarters, Seattle, Washington
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Hashington
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Resources
Research and ['eye! opment
Budget Authority...-.."..
Obiigatlons
Outlays..........
Abatement, Control and
Compliance
Budget Author! ty......
Obligations
Outlays...,.
Salaries and Expenses
Budget~liuthority
Obligations. .,
Outlays....
Permanent Workyears,
Total Workyears
Buildings and Facilities
Budget Authority.......
Obligations...,.
Outlays
Operations, Research and
Fa
Facilities
Obligations.
Out!ays
Actual
1985
$188,875.0
192,278.4
160,780.5
480,500.0
517,985.3
441,133.2
665,698.1
658,985.6
631,419.0
9,904.8
11,001.4
12,500.0
5,228.1
3,872.3
151.4
298.7
SUBTOTAL. OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Authority .$1,347 ,-573.1
Obligations ...$1,374,628.8
Outl ays .$1,237,503.7
Permanent Workyears 9,904.8
Total Workyears 11,001.4
By Appropriation
(dollars in thousands)
Budget
Estimate
1986
$212,400.0
212,061.0
193,678.0
495,500.0
505,911.0
488,844.0
670,416.0
670,416.0
660,901.2
10,227.7
11,302.7
5.000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0
300.0
280.0
$1,383,316.0
$1,398,878.0
$1,348,898.2
10,227. 7
11,302.7
Enacted
1986
$223,400.0
223,100.0 I/
198,258.8 ~
577,600.0
585,784.0 I/
532,512.7 ~
684,176.0
684,031.0 If
.675,498.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
5,000.0
5,148.0
5,449.5
300.0
500.0
$1,490,176.0
$1,498,363.0 I/
$1,412,219.4"
10,595.1
11,582.7
Bal anced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-$9,607.0
-9,607.0
-2,677.0
-24,837.0
-24,837.0
-11,272.0
-29,420.0
-29,420.0
-25,188.0
*
9 * »
-215.0
-215.0
-55.0
0 * *
* *
-$64,079.0
-$64,079.0
-$39,192.0
* «
* »
Current
Estimate
1986
$213,793,0
213,493.0
195,581.8
552,763.0
560,947.0
521,240.7
654,756.0
654,611.0
650,310.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
4,785.0
4,933.0
5,394.5
300.0
500.0
$1,426,097.0
$1,434,284.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
Estimate
1987
$192,734.0
193,344.2
204,026.9
490,785.0
492,699.9
532,473.7
687,947.0
687,947.0
675,535.6
10,452.9
11,382.7
5,000.0
7,600.0
8,405.5
300.0
500.0
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11,382.7
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
-$21,059.0
-20,148,8
+8,445.1
-61,978.0
-68,247.1
+11,233.0
+33,191.0
+33,336.0
+25,225.2
-142.2
-200.0
+215.0
+2,667.0
+3,011,0
-$49,631.0
-$52,392.9
+$47,914.3
-142.2
-200.0
-------
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Balanced
. Budget
Reduction
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund
Obligations..... .,
Outlays
Permanent Workyears... ......
Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Obligations.
620,000.0 2/
480,405.2
360,311.6
1,237.2
1,350.3
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44.000.0)
900,000.0
900,000.0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
900,000.0
882,000.0 I/
480,000.0 ~
1,556.2
1,716.0
-38,700.0
-38,700.0
-7,590.0
861,300.0
843 300 0
472,410.0
1 556 2
1,716.0
1 ,050,000.0
1 252 000 0
770,800.0
1 ,556 2
1 716.0
+188 700.0
+408 700 0
+298 390.0
Advances to Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund
Budget Authority. .
Obligations..................
Outlays
Constructlon Grants
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
Budget Authority
Obligations.....
Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations..,.
Revolving Fund
Obligations......
Misc. Contributed Funds
2,400,000.0
2,573,964.9
2,899,742.7
299.4
62.3
533.0
-117.0
36.4
8.2
2,400,000.0
2,500,000.0
2,650,000.0
15.0
100.0
600.0
15.0
30.0
25.0
600,000.0
1,400,000.0
2,820,000.0
10.0
268.0
600.0
-50.0
50.0
25.0
-25,800.0
-25,800.0
-258.0
-28.0
-28.0
* *
574,200.0 3/ ... 4/ -574,200.0
1,374,200.0 108,267.0 -1,265,933.0
2,819,742.0 2,355,200.0 -464,542.0
10.0
268.0
572.0
-78.0
50.0
25.0
150.0
342.0
750.0
-1,250.0
40.0
25.0
+140.0
+74.0
+178.0
-1,172.0
-10.0
-------
Reimbursements - Salaries and
Expensef
Obligations
Permanent Workyears
Total Workyears -.
Reimbursements - Superfund
Obligations........
Actual
1985
17,789.1
56.8
63.6
5,584.1
TOTAL ENVIRONMFNTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
Budget Authority. , .$4,367,573.1
Obi 1 gations . $4,453,240.9
Outlays ..44,497,511.5
Permanent Workyears 11,198.8
Total Workyears 12,415.3
Budget
Estimate
1986
20,000.0
53.0
62.0
7,000.0
$4,683,316.0
$4,826,523.0
$4,669,038.2
11,836.9
13,080.7
Enacted
1986
20,000.0
53.0
62.0
18,000.0
$2,990,176.0
$3,819,022.0
$4,712,462.4
12,204.3
13,360.7
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-34.0
-398.0
-$128,579.0
-$129,039.0
-$47,068.0
Current
Estimate
1986
19,966.0
53.0
62.0
17,602.0
$2,861,597.0
$3,689,984.0
$4,665,394.4
12,204.3
13,360.7
Increase +
Estimate Decrease -
1987 1987 vs 1986
20,000.0
53.0
62.0
+34.0
30,000.0 +12,398.0
$2,426,466.0
2,793,098.1
;4,546,058.7
12,062.1
13,160.7
-$435,131.0
-$896,885.9
-$119,335.7
-142.2
-200.0
y Jh606!o|.o!Pr0pHaU°n d°eS n0t refl6Ct a rece1pt shortfa11 of $13,918.0, which could reduce budget authority to
3/ An additional $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthortzation.
4/ An tended buHget request for $1.8 billion will he submitted Mediately after appropriate reforn, legislation Is enacted.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Resources
By Media
(dollars 1n thousands)
Actual
1985
A1r
Budget Authority............ $234,580.1
Obligations............ 232,624.2
Outlays 233,082.6
Permanent Workyears 1,583.2
Total Workyears 1,710.0
Hater Quality
Budget Authority 251,717.3
Obiigations...........,-..... 249,909.9
Outlays ; 240,952.3
Permanent Workyears 1,957.0
Total Workyears 2,191.5
Drinking Hater
Budget Authority
Obligations -.,
Out!ays.,
Permanent Workyears.
Tota1 Wo r kyear s
85.992.1
85,244.9
86,081.7
543.4
604.3-
Hazardous Waste
Budget Authority 191,912.1
Obligations. 194,075.6
Outlays 150,793.3
Permanent Workyears... 1,045.
Total Workyears,
Pesticides
Budget Authorl ty....
Obligations.........
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
1,176.2
66,928.4
70,521.5
61,155.0
734.6
797.5
Budget
Estimate
1986
$238,511.9
240,879.6
255,665.9
1,604.0
1,751.6
241,686.2
244,426.5
241,236.4
2,003.3
2,248.6
88,125.8
89,040.4
98,286.3
584.5
642.3
237,353.8
240,244.7
197,408.7
1,217.9
1,367.9
70,506.9
71,031.4
57,560.2
735.1
809.1
Enacted
1986
$259,548.4
257,426.0
229,613.7
1,713.9
1,830.6
256,580.4
258,852.0
246,907.3
2,056.5
2,283.0
91,230.4
90,144.0
87,423.1
595.8
639.8
248,544.4
248,758.0
214,677.5
1,284.5
1,442.5
69,836.5
70,969.0
67,142.7
741.2
807.6
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-$11,160.5
-11,160.5
-6,624.9
-11,033.3
-11,033.3
-6,595.9
-3,923.2
-3,923.2
-2,356.7
-10,686.8
-10,686.8
-5,595.5
-3,002.9
-3,002.9
-1,947.5
Current
Estimate
1986
$248,387.9
246,265.5
222,988.8
1,713.9
1,830.6
245,547.1
247,818.7
240,311.4
2,056.5
2,283.0
87,307.2
86,220.8
85,066.4
595.8
639.8
237,857.6
238,071.2
209,082.0
1,284.5
1,442.5
66,833.6
67,966.1
65,195.2
741.2
807.6
Estimate
1987
$239,228.4
239,549.0
235,868.6
1,660.2
1,791.1
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
-$9,159.5
-6,716.5
+12,879.8
-53.7
-39.5
217,841.0
218,584.0
235,732.7
2,021.1
2,181.8
-27,706.1
-29,234.7
-4,578.7
-35.4
-101.2
84,123.5
84,242.0
83,434.7
587.8
639.8
69,433.1
69,467.0
68,720.5
734.7
803.8
-3,180.7
-1,978.8
-1,631.7
-8.0
256,236.2
256,144.0
239,991.5
1,301.3
1,462.3
+18,378.6
+18,072.8
+30,909.5
+16.8
+19.8
+2,599.5
+1,500.9
+3,525.3
-6.5
-3.8
-------
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
I
Radiation
Budget Authority 13,003.4 9,782.4 10,202.1
Obligations 12,354.5 9,828.5 12,707.0
Outlays 16,068.9 9,758.4.. 12,723.5
Permanent Werkyears. -.. 149.1 141.3 155.3
Total Workyears... 161.4 147.3 160.0
Noise
Buiget Authority
Obligations....
Outlays 45.9 469.7 395.9
Interdisciplinary
Budget Authority.. 56,264.1 47,166.3 56,272.8
Obligations 55,489.9 47,292.6 55,770.0
Outlays 54,857.8 48,252.6 60,916.3
Permanent Workyears......... 482.5 491.0 537.7
Total Workyears 533.0 521.5 568.2
Toxic Substances
Budget Authority. ...... 84,536.2 94,952.1 143,331.3
Obligations .-. 124,604.6 95,511.7 149,397.0
Outlays -.. 84,562.6 94,151.1 125,687.4
Permanent Workyears 767.3 796.6 804.8
Total Workyears 852.2 856.3 . 865.0
Energy
Budget Authority 58,592.2 67,317.3 61,707.7
Obligations -.. 56,812.5 67,219.5 61,957.0
Outlays..... 41,692.6 58,659.6 62,301.4
Permanent Workyears 94.1 89.2 88.4
Total Workyears 105.7 97.7 97.0
Management and Support
Budget Authority. 291,547.2 282,913.3 287,922.0
Obligations.. 287,763.1 283,513.1 288,223.0
Outlays 264,338.7 282,254.3 298,981.1
Permanent Workyears.. .-. 2,548.4 2,564.8 2,617.0
Total Workyears... 2,869.6 2,860.4 2,889.0
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-438.6
-438.6
-325.6
-2,419.6
-2,419.6
-1,343.6
»*
»
-6,163.1
-6,163.1
-2,911.3
-2,654.3
-2,654.3
-857.3
-12,381.7
-12,381.7
-10,578.7
Current
Estimate
1986
9,763.5
12,268.4
12,397.9
155.3
160.0
395.9
53,853.2
53,350.4
59,572.7
537.7
568.2
137,168.2
143,233.9
122,776.1
804.8
865.0
59,053.4
59,302.7
61,444.1
88.4
97.0
275,540.3
275,841.3
288,402.4
2,617.0
2,889.0
Estimate
1987
11,972.0
11,989.0
12,136.4
152.0
157.0
184.7
47,874.9
48,043.0
52,466.7
544.3
570.0
89,327.7
90,523.0
128,594.4
792.5
858.2
59,589.4
59,613.0
61,349.2
77.2
85.8
295,836.8
296,137.1
294,056.0
2,581.8
2,832.9
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
+2,208.5
-279.4
-261.5
-3.3
-3.0
-211.2
-5,978.3
-5,307.4
-7,106.0
+6.6
+1.8
-47,840.5
-52,710.9
+5,818.3
-12.3
-6.8
+536.0
+310.3
-94.9
-11.2
-11.2
+20,296.5
+20,295.8
+5,622.2
-35.2
-56.1
-------
Buildings and Facilities
Obi igations.
Outl ays
SUBTOTAL , OPERAT 1 NG PROGRAMS
Budget Authority ...$1
Outl ays . . . r ................. .$1
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund
Budget TWEhbri ty...... ......
Outlays..
Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Outlays*..... ...
Advances to Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund
Qbl igatiorvs
Outl ays
Construction ("rants
Obligations 2
Outlays 2
Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations........... ......
Actual
1985
12,500.0
5,228.1
3,872.3
,347,573.1 $1
,374,628.8 $1
.237,503.7 $1
9,904.8
11,001.4
620,000.0 If
480,405*2 ~
360,311*6
1,237.2
1,350.3
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
,400,000.0 2
,573,964.9 2
,899,742.7 2
299.4
62.3
Budget
Estimate
1986
5,000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0
,383,316.0
,398,878.0
,348,898.2
10,227.7
11,302.7
900,000.0
900,000.0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
,400,000.0
,500,000.0
,650,000.0
15.0
100.0
Enacted
1986
5,000.0
5,148,0
5,449.5
$1,490,176.0
$1,499,351.0
$1,412,219.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
900,000.0
882,000.0
480,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
600,000.0
1,400,000.0
2,820,000.0
10.0
268.0
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-215.0
-215.0
-55.0
Current
Estimate
1986
4,785.0
4,933.0
5,394.5
Estimate
1987
5,000.0
7,600.0
8,405.5
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
+215.0
+2,667.0
3,011.0
$64,079.0
$64,079.0
$39,192.0
* *
« *
$1,426,097.0
$1,435,272.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11. 382. 7
-$49,631.0
-$53,380.9
+$47,914.3
-142.2
-200,0
-38,700,0
-38,700.0
-7,590,0
-25,800.0
-25,800.0
-258.0
861,300.0
843,300.0
472,410.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
1,050,000.0
1,252,000.0
770,800.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
+188,700.0
+408,700.0
+298,390.0
9
*
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
574,200.0 2j ...I/ -574,200.0
1,374,200.0 108,267.0 -1,265,933.0
2,819,742.0 2,355,200.0 -464,542.0
10.0
268.0
150.0
342.0
+140.0
+74.0
-------
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
Current Increase +
Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1986 _198_7_ 1987 vs. 1986
... .. . 533.0 600.0 600.0 -28.0 572.0
Outlays '. 117.0 15.0 -50.0 -28.0 -78.0
Misc. Contributed Funds
"TJblTgations..".'.".7777: 36.4 30.0 50.0 ... 50.0
Outlays. 8.2 25.0 25.0 ... 25.0
Reimbursements - Salajrles_ Jmcl
Obffgallons 17,789.1 20,000.0. 20,000.0 -34.0 19,966.0
Permanent Workyears -.-. 56.8 53.0 53.0 ... 53.0
Total Workyears.- 63.6 62.0 62.0 ... 62.0
Reimbursements - Superfund
TJb'l i gat i ohs 7.777777..,. 5,584.1 7,000.0 18,000.0 -398.0 17,602.0
TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
Budget Authority. $4,367,573.1 $4,683,316.0 $2,990,176.0 -$128,579.0 $2,861,597.0
Obligations. $4,453,240.9 $4,826,523.0 $3,820.011.0 -$129,039.0 $3,690,972.0
Outlays $4,497,511.5 $4,669,038.2 $4,712,462.4 -$47,068.0 $4,665,394.4
Permanent Workyears ,. 11,198.8 11,836.9 12,204.3 ... 12,204.3
Total Workyears 12,415.3 13,080.7 13,360.7 ... 13,360.7
750.0 +178.0
-1,250.0 -1,172.0
40.0
25.0
20,000.0
53.0
62.0
-10.0
+34.0
30,000.0 -t-12,398.0
$2,426,466.0
2,793,098.1
4,546,058.7
12,062.1
13,160.7
-$435,131.0
-$897,873.9
-$119,335.7
-$142.2
-$200.0
NOTE:
The 1986 obligation estimates for the operating programs do not reflect the reduction for consulting services pursuant to
P.L. 99-160; Salaries and Expense - $145.0; Research and Development - $133.0; and Abatement, Control & Compliance - $710.0.
The reduction for Superfund of $240.0 was considered in the estimates for that program.
If The 1985 appropriation does not reflect a receipt shortfall of $13,918.0^ which could reduce budget authority to
$606,082.0.
2J An additional fl.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthorizatlon.
3/ An amended budget request for $1.8 billion will be submitted immediately after appropriate reform legislation is enacted.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1986 Workyears and Budget Authority
I
By Media and Appropriation
(dollars 1n thousands)
Abatement,
Salaries & Expenses Control &
A1 r
Buildings and Facilities..,
Hazardous Substance Response
Advances to the Hazardous Substance
Total..,.
Total
Morkyears
1,830.6
2,283.0
639.8
1,442.5
807.6
160.0
568.2
865.0
97.0
2,889.0
11,582.7
* *
» »
*
* *
11,582.7
11,582.7
Amount
$83,145.2
95,517.0
27,680.7
60,593.4
35,908.9
7,695.4
25,620.0
38,145.8
4,909.3
275,540.3
$654,756.0
»
*
» »
*
$654,756.0
* *
$654.756.0
Compliance
Amount
$120,895.9
138,427.1
45,230.8
139,092.5
24,358.7
2,052.3
7,425.4
75,280.3
* *
* *
$552,763.0
* «"
* '
* *
* *
$552,763.0
» *
$552,763.0
Research &
Development
Amount
$44,346.8
11,603.0
14,395.7
38,171.7
6,566.0
15.8
20,807.8
23,742.1
54,144.1
«
$213,793.0
* * »
* *
* *
*
$213,793.0
* o «
$213,793.0
Total
Total
Horkyears
1,830.6
2,283.0
639.8
1,442.5
807.6
160.0
568.2
865.0
97.0
2,889.0
11,582.7
62.0
1,716.0
' * *
13,360.7
» *
13,360.7
Amount
$248,387.9
245,547.1
87,307.2
237,857.6
66,833.6
9,763.5
53,853.2
137,168.2
59,053.4
275,540.3
$1,421,312.0
4,785.0
* a
861,300.0
(330,888.0)
$2,287,397.0
574,200.0
$2,861,597.0
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1987 Workyears and Budget Authority
By Media and Appropriation
(dollars In thousands)
in
T
Salaries & Expenses
Total
Workyears
Amount
Abatement,
Control 8
Compliance
Amount
Research 8
Development
Amount
A1r 1,791.1 $84,208.4 $117,828.0 $37,192.0
Water Quality 2,181.8 95,712.1 114,628.9 7,500.0
Drinking Water 639.8 28,378.5 42,863.0 12,885.0
Hazardous Waste 1,462.3 66,175.2 153,692.0 36,369.0
Pesticides., 803.8 37,766,1 23,953.1 7,713.9
Radiation 157.0 8,161.4 3S810.6
Interdisciplinary 570.0 27,225,2 5,133.7 15,516.0
Toxic Subst?nces 858.2 38,996.9 28,875.7 21,455.1
Energy. 85.8 5,486.4 ... 54,103.0
Management end Support 2,832.9 295,836*8
Subtotal........ ..... 11,382.7 $687,947.0 $490,785.0 $192,734.0
Buildings ard Facilities.......... ... ... ...
Reimbursemerts . ... ... ... ...
Hazardous Sibstance Response
Trust Fund.... ... ... ... ..»
Advances to the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund ... ... ... ...
Subtotel 11,382.7 $687,947.0 $490,785.0 $192,734.0
Constructor Grants.... ... ... ... ...
Total
Total
Horkyears
1,791.1
2,181.8
639.8
1,462.3
803.8
157.0
570.0
858.2
85.8
2,832.9
Amount
$239,228.4
217,841.0
84,126.5
256,236.2
69,433.1
11,972.0
47,874.9
89,327.7
59,589.4
295,836.8
11,382.7 $1,371,466.0
62.0
5,000.0
1,716.0 1,050,000.0
(33,000.0)
13,160.7 $2,426,466.0
Total 11,382.7 $687,947.0 $490,785.0 $192,734.0 13,160.7 $2,426,466.0
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of State Grant Resources
(in thousands of dollars)
ACTUAL
1985
AIR $90,486.0
Section 105 90,486.0
HATER QUALITY 61.313.4
Section 106... 61,313.4
Clean Lakes
ORImING HATER 38,836.4
Public Mater Systems
Program Grants. 28,424.3
Underground Injection
Control Program 8,312.1
Special Studies & Demos..... 2,100.0
HAZARDOUS HASTE 56,711.7
Hazardous Waste Management.. 46,663.2
Hazardous Waste Initiative.. 5,048.5
Hazardous Haste Compliance.. 5,000.0
Underground Storage Tanks...
PESTICIDES 12,300.8
Pesticides Enf. Grants 9,717.0
Pesticides Cert. & Training. 2,583.8
TOXIC SUBSTANCES 1.500.0
foxi cs Enf. Grants.......... 1,500.0
SUBTOTAL $261,148.3
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS. ...... 2,573,964.8
TOTAL $2,835,113.1
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$95.732.5
95,732.5
66.894.3
62,109.3
4,785.0
39,141.5
28,183.7
8,708.9
2,248.9
66,750.7
55,506.0
4,545.7
6,699!o
11.774.5
9,286.2
2,488.3
2.201.1
2,201.1
$282,494.6
574,200.0
$856,694.6
ESTIMATE
1987
$95,000.0.
95,000*0
52,100.0
52,100.0
* « *
36,950.0
28,450.0
8,500.0
* *
73,000.0
63,000.0
* *
10,000.6
11,203.4
8,703.4
' 2,500.0
2,200.0
2,200.0
$270,453.4
*"»
$270,453.4
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 vs 1986
-$732.5
-14,794.3
-10,009.3
-4,785.0
-2.191.5
+266.3
-208.9
-2,248.9
+6,249.3
+7,494.0
-4,545.7
+3,301 '.6
-571.1
-582.8
+11.7
-1.1
-$12,041.2
-574,200.0
-$586,241.2
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
History of State Gr^n^Budge^Authorlty
1971
$30,200
30,200
« * a
10,000
io,doo
a « a
a * »
a * a
0*0
a * a
...
1,629
* * a
1,629
0*0
* a a
0*0
* * *
* * a
a a
* a e
a ft »
$41,829
Part I: 1971
(1n thousands of
1972
$42,900
42,900
000
15,000
15,000
000
e 0 0
a 0 a
9 m »
a « «
2,545
* * a
2,545
a * *
9*0
000
000
* a e
000
a o »
900
e 0 e
$60,445
- 1976
dollars)
1973
$50,000
50,000
* a a
70,000
20,000
50,000 If
999
9 » *
90*
0 * *
a * *
3,250
3,250
a a a
e * a
a « *
a a a
a a a
* a
a a
a a*
o a a
$123,250
1974
$50,000
50,000
900
150,000
50,00d
100,000 If
000
900
0 e
000
000
a a a
00 e
a a a
a a a
a » *
a 0 0
a e
9 0 *
a a 0
*
» 0
* a a
$200,000
AIR
"Section 105
Section 175
MATER QUALITY
Section 106
Section 208
Clean Lakes
DRINKING HATEF
Public Water Systems
Underground Injection
Special Stuc'les 8 Demos
HAZARDOUS HASTE
Haz. Haste Management
Solid Waste Management
Resource Recovery
Hazardous Wcste Initiative
Hazardous Weste Compliance
Underground Storage Tanks
PESTICIDES
Pesticides tnf. Grants
Pesticides Tart. & Training
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Enf. frants
TOTAL
I/ CONTRACT AUTHORITY
* Pesticides certification and training data for these years 1s unavailable.
1975
$55.268
55,268
199.625
45,62$
150,000 I/
4,000 ~
00 it
090
* * «
» » *
$254,893
1976
$51.518
51,518
112,375
44,375
53,000
15,000
10.000
7,500
2,500
1.800
1,800
$175,693
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
History of State Grant Budget Authority
Part II: 1977 - 1982
(in thousands of dollars)
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
AIR
Section 105
Section 175
MATER QUALITY
Section 106
Section 208
Clean Lakes
DRINKING HATER
Public Mater Systems
Underground Injection
Special Studies & Demos
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Haz. Waste Management
Solid Waste Management
Resource Recovery
Hazardous Waste Initiative
Hazardous Waste Compliance
Underground Storage Tanks
PESTICIDES
Pesticides tnf. Grants
Pesticides Cert. & Training
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Enf. Grants
TOTAL
$55,550
S5.550
* *
80,000
50,000
15,000
15,000
20,000
15,000
5,000
* *
2,925
2,925
* * *
* *
* «
* * *
$66,135
66,135
* * *
128,110
52,400
59,509
16,201
27,110
20,500
6,000
610
14,304
14,304
* *
*
* * *
* » -*
$130,025
80,925
50,000
108,003
52,400
41 ,028
14,575
36,270
26,400
7,600
2,270
44,886
15,018
15,150
14,718
* «
*
* *
$82,800
82,800
* «
101,230
48,730
37,500
15,000
34,745
4/395
900
38,600
18,600
10,000
10,000
* *
$87,673
87,673
* » *
95,696
51,223
33,473
11,000
37,598
29,45d
6,648.
1,500
38,570
26,487
8,083
4,000
* * *
* *
* *
$87,735
87,735
60,200
51,200
9,666
37,848
29,450
6,575
1,823
41,700
41,700
1,000
$159,475
7,280
5,000
2,280
$242,939
13,052
9,538
3,514
$332,236
12.393
8./50
3,643
$269.768
10.972
8,020
2,952
1,000
1,000
$271,509
11.202
8,632
2,570
500
5W
$239,185
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
I
a\
AIR
Section 105
Section 175
W\TER QUALITY
Section 106
Section 208
Clean Lakes
DRINKING WATER
Public Water Systems
Underground Injection
Special Studies & Demos
HAZARDOUS HASTE
Haz. Waste Management
Solid Waste Management
Resource Recovery
Hazardous Waste Initiative
Hazardous Waste Compliance
Underground Storage Tanks
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enf. Grants
Pesticides Cert. & Training
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Enf. Grants
TOTAL
1983
$85,050
85,050
* * *
57,200
54,200
3,000
36,425
27,450
7,075
1,900
44,068
44,068
10,718
6,718
2,000
*
* *
$233,461
Part III: 1983
(1n thousands of
1984
$87,684
87,684
59,259
54,259
5,666
36,850
27,450
7,500
1,900
46,850
46,850
10,860
8,703
2,157
500
500
$242,003
- 198?
dollars)
19S5
$90,937
90,937
* « *
66,299
61,299
5,666
39,050
28,450
8,500
2,100
57,145
46,970
a » *
* 9 6
5,175
5,000
* * *
12,321
9,717
2,604
1,500
1,500
$267,252
1986
Current
Estimate
$95,733
95,733
» *
66,894
62,109
* «
4,785
39,142
28,184
8,709
2,249
66,751
55,506
e e o
«
4,546
6,699
11,774
§,286
2,488
2,201
2,201
$282,495
1987
Estimate
$95.000
95,000
52.100
£2,100
36.950
28,450
8,500
73.000
63,000
10,000
11,203
8,703
2,500
2,200
2,200
$270.453
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions By Grade
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Grades 1985 1986 1987
Executive Level II '1 2 2
Executive Level III....................... 122
Executive Level IV 677
Executive Level V 1 2 2
Subtotal 9 13 13
ES-6 444
ES-5....... 40 40 40
ES-4 , 83 83 83
ES-3 -.-. .-. 52 55 55
ES-2., 26 27 27
8 ES-1., 12 19 19
Subtotal... 217 228 228
GS-lf 10 10 10
GS/Gf-15... 580 583 580
GS/Gn-14. ., 1,203 1,213 1,213
GS/Gr-13.. 1,788 1,800 1,790
GS-12 1,864 1,900 1,865
GS-11 968 992 970
GS-10.......... ., 59 70 70
SS-9 , 732 750 750
GS-8........................................... 191 200 200
6S-7 855 900 855
6S-6 471 490 471
GS-5........ »-.-... 647 675 667
GS-4., 314 330 330
GS-3 »....». 101 110 110
GS-2... 10 16 ; 16
651*^« *******»**«*«* * * * * **
Subtotal 9,793 10,039 9,897
-------
Grades
Positions established by act of July 1, 1974
(A2 U.S.C. 207):
Assistant Surgeon General, $40,579 to
568,700...............
Director grade, $30,074 to $51,955
Senior grade 05, $24,055 to $42,390 .»..,,.
Fill grade 04, $20,275 to $35,449.......
Assistant grade 03, $18,842 to $30,658..........
Subtotal
Positions established by act of November 16, 1977
(42 U.S.C. 201) compensation for which is not to
exceed the maximum rate payable for a 6S-18.
Ung reded.
TOTA! PERMANENT POSITIONS.
Actual
1985
70
101
42
7
220
17
71
Current
Estimate
1986
a e e
70
102
42
7
221
19
75
Estimate
1987
70
102
42
7
221
19
75
10s327
10,595
10,453
CD
-------
ENVIROKHENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions By Grade
w
Grades
ES-5........... ............
ES -4 ......................
ES-3.
ES-2 ........
ES-1
Subtotal
GS/GM-15
GS/GH-14
GS/GM-13.
SS-12........
GS-1J,
GS-10
GS-9.
GS-8
GS-7. .--.
GS-6
GS-4
SS-3
GS-2...
Subtotal...
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES RESPONSE TRUST FUND
Actual
1985
2
3
2
,. 4
1
12
43
87
221
294
159
1
99
7
108
... 42
, 50
15
2
1.208
Current
Estimate
1986
2
3
2
4
6
17
45
90
250
325
200
10
142
20
150
75
101
75
25
12
1,520
Estimate
1987
2
3
2
4
6
17
45
90
250
325
200
10
142
20
150
75
101
75
25
12
1,520
-------
Grades
Positions established by act of July 1, 1974
(42 U.S.C. 207):
Assistant Surgeon General, $40,579 to
$68,700..... .. »..
Director grade, $30,074 to $51,955........
Senior grade 05, $24,055 to $42,390
Full grade 04, $20,275 to $35,449.........
Assistant grade 03, $18,842 to $30,658....
Subtotal,
Positions established by act of November 16, 1977
(42 U.S.C. 201) compensation for which 1s not to
exceed the maximum rate payable for a 65-18......
Ungraded.
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS.
Actual
1985
17
Current
Estimate
1986
16
1
2
Estimate
1987
99
4
6
5
2
« * *
4
5
5
2
* *
4
5
5
2
16
1
2
1,238
1,556
1,556
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions By Grade
REIMBURSABLES
(SALARIES AND EXPENSES)
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Grades 1985 1986 1987
GS/GM-15 .......... . ...... ....... . ..... , ........ 333
GS/GM-14.. ......... ...... ---- . ........ » ........ 2 2 2
6S/GM-13.. ......... . ---- .... .......... . ........ 222
GS-12 ........ ...... . ........................... 555
GS-11 _____ . ..... . ....... ... ..................... 10 99
GS-10. .................. ..... ............. ..... 444
GS-9 ..................................... . ..... 7 5 5
GS-8 ........ .... ........ .... ..... ..... . ........ 1 1 1
GS~7.. ............. .. .......................... 655
GS-6 ....... . ....... , .............. ....... . ..... 222
GS-5 .......... . ............. .. ............ ..... 5 5 5
Subtotal. .......... ________ . ....... . ..... 47 43 43
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U-.S.C-. 207):
Director grade 06, $30,074 to $51,955... ..... 5 ' 6 6
Senior grade 05, $24,055 to 42,390 .......... . 3 3 3
Subtotal. ..... . ..... ..... ----- . ......... . 899
Ungraded....... ............ ........... ......... . 1 1 1
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS ..... . ....... .......... 56 53 53
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Average Employment and Salary
;o
ro
Appropriation/Pay Plan
Salaries and Expenses
Average £s Salary
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary
Average Salary of
Ungraded Positions
Revolving Fijnd
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary
Superfund
Average ES Salary
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary
Relmbursables
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary
TOTAL AVERAGE
Average ES Salary
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary
Average Salary of
Ungraded Positions
1985
Actuals
$67,523
10.207
$32,672
$45S892
10.207
$32,672
$66,326
10.051
$30,699
9.415
$28,838
$67,460
10.187
$32,444
$45,892
1986
Current
Estimate
$67,523
10.207
$32,672
$45,892
10.207
$32,672
$66,326
10.051
$30,699
9.415
$28,838
$67,460
10.187
$32,444
$45,892
1987
Pres 1 dent's
Budget
$67,523
10.207
$32,672
$45,892
10.207
$32,672
$66,326
10.051
$30,699
9.415
$28,838
$67,460
10.187
$32,444
$45,892
* Average GS Salary of Ungraded positions Includes AD, ED, EF, EH, El, EX, and SES pay plans.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
a
I
w
Object Classlfication
Includes Direct Obligations Only
{in thousands of dollars)
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
OBJECT CLASSES
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Current ,
Estimate
1986
Increase *
Estimate Decrease -
1987 1987 vs 1986
22.0 Transportation of things $3.0
23.2 Rental payments to others. 1.0
25.0 Other services 118,275.7
26.0 Supplies and materials..... 29.0
31.0 Equipment....... 26.4
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions...... 73,943.3
*
* *
$121,245.7 $133,541.4 $127,864.0 $120,078.3 -$7,785.7
90,815.3 89,558.6
Total obligations $192,278.4 $212,061.0 $223,100.0
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASWTCATMS
85,629.0 73,265.9 -12,363.1
$213,493.0 $193,344.2 -$20,148.8
Transportati on of things
There is no request In the 1987 estimate
and no change in the 1986 estimate.
Actual
1985
$3.0
Budget
Estimate
1986
*
Enacted
1986
*
Current
Estimate
1986
*
Estimate
1987
* « *
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
-
Rental payments to others.
$1.0
There is no request in the 1987 estimate
and no change in the 1986 estimate.
Other services......... $118,275.7 $121,245.7 $133,541.4 $127,864.0 $120,078.3
The decrease in the 1987 request reflects
the government-wide commitment to deficit
reduction
-$7,785.7
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs 1986
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act... -$5,677.4
990 * « o e » a
* * « *
Supplies and materials $29.0
There 1s no request 1n 1987 and no change
1n the 1986 estimate.
Equipment ... $26.4
There Is no request 1n 1987 and no change
In the 1986 estimate.
Grants, subsidies, and contributions....... $73,943,3 $90,815.3 $89,558.6 $85,629.0 $73,265.9
The decrease 1n the 1987 request reflects
the government-wide commitment to deficit
reduction -$12,363.1
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$3,929.6
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(1n thousands of dollars)
ABATEMENT, CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE
OBJECT CLASSES
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons $172.4 $265.0 $259.7 $259.7 $265.6
22.0 Transportation of things . 67.4 ... ... ... ...
23.2 Communications, utilities and miscellaneous
charges................................. 86.2 ... ... ... ...
24.0 Printing and reproduction 174.9 ... 49.0 46.8 50.2
25.0 Other services 173,204.7 195,941.1 224,051.1 214,713.4 207,391.8
26.0 Supplies and materials 9.3 ... 29.4 28.1 30.1
31.0 Equipment .........*............... 8.1 ... 19.6 18.7 20.1
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 341,717.3 309,704.5 361,375.2 345,880.3 284,942.1
42.0 Insurance claims and Indemnities.......... 2,545.0 ... ... ... ...
g
,1, Total ohllgatlons. $517,985.3 $505,910.9 $585,784.0 $560,947.0 $492,699.9
uv
!X^--^n?L9LINCREASES AND PECREASES TO OBJECT
ClASSinCAtl'ONS
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987
Travel and transportation of persons. $172.4 $265.0 $259.7 $259,7 $265.6
The increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
travel in support of the Drinking Water UIC
program in non-primacy states .,
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
+$5.9
+3.4
-7,321.6
+2.0
+1.4
-60,938.2
» * *
-$68,247.1
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
+$5.9
There 1s no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs 1986
o * » « e e *
Transportation of things. $67.4
There 1s no request in the 1987 estimate
and no change in the 1986 estimate.
Communications, utilities and miscellaneous
charges $86.2 ... ... ,. ... ...
There 1s no request 1n the 1987 estimate
and no change In the 1986 estimate.
Printing and reproduction. $174.9 ... $49.0 $46.8 $50.2
The increase in the 1987 request reflects
use of carryover funds for the Asbestos-1n-
schools program..... +$3.4
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
M from the enacted represents the reductions
f mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$2.2
<*
Other services. $173,204.7 $195,941.1 $224,051.1 $214,713.4 $207,391.8
The decrease in other services In the 1987
request primarily reflects reduced contract
levels as a result of the government-wide i
commitment to deficit reduction -$7,321.6
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$9,337.7
Supplies and materials. $9.3 ... $29.4 $28.1 $30.1
The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
use of carryover funds for the Asbestos-in-
schools program................ +$2.0
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reduction
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$1.3
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs 1986
Equipment..^.... ..... $8.1 ... $19.6 $18.7 $20.1
The increase in the 1987 request reflects
use of carryover funds for the Asbestos-1n-
schools program.. +$1.4
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$0.9
Grants, subsidies, and contributions. -.. $341,717.3 $309,704.5 $361,375.2 $345,880.3 $284,942.1
The decrease 1n the 1987 request reflects
the government-wide commitment to deficit
reduction , -$60.938.2
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
en mandated by the Balanced Budget Act..*.-..-....... -$15,494.9
£j Insurance claims and idemnities..,»..., $2,545.0 ... ...
There is no request in the 1987 estimate
and no change in the 1986 estimate.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
F
&
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(1n thousands of dollars)
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
Budget
Actual Estimate Enacted
OBJECT CLASSES 1985 1986 1986
Other Objects:
23.3 Communications, utilities, and mlscell-
25. 0 Other servi ces
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS
$430,082.2
15,663.3
2,272.6
29,106.6
7,074.6
31,163.8
4,747.0
86,394.5
13,028.2
36,787.2
108.7
2,528.8
28.1
228,903.4
$658,985.6
Actual
1985
$455,253.9
17,284.5
2,034.9
34,464.4
8,362.5
34,155.3
5,451.1
86,865.9
11,720.1
14,523.4
* '
295.6
4.4
215,162.1
$670,416.0
Budget
Estimate
1986
$464,397.9
18,028.3
2,360.1
33,618.0
8,362.5
35,079.1
5,703.1
90,734.6
11.-836.6
13,581.8
329.0
» »
219,633.1
$684,031.0,
Enacted
1986
Current
Estimate Estimate
1986 1987
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
$444,429.2 $458,257.4 +$13,828.2
18,028,3
2,258.9
33,618.0
8,362.5
31,766.1
5,457.8
86,051.9
11,327.7
12,995.8
*
314.8
210,181.8
$654,611.0
Current
Estimate
1986
18,420.8
2,348.4
35,374.5
9,521.0
33,723.8
5,920.4
92,100.5
11,924.7
19,448.6
906.9
229,689.6
$687,947.0
Estimate
1987
Personnel services.... ....... $430,082.2 $455,253.9 $464,397.9 $444,429.2 $458,257.4
The Increase 1n the 1987 request 1s
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels......
+392.5
+89.5
+1,756.5
+1,158.5
+1,957.7
+462.6
+6,048.6
+597.0
+6,452.8
+592.1
+19,507.8
+$33,336.0
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
+$13,828.2
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 vs 1985
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act ........ -$19,968.7
Travel and transportation of persons. $15,663,3 $17,284.5 $18,028.3 $18,028.3 $18,420.8
The Increase In the 1987 request 1s
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels..,...,....,, +$392.5
There Is no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
Transportation of things. » $2,272.6 $2,034.9 $2,360.1 $2,258.9 $2,348.4
The increase in the 1987 request 1s
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels............ . +$89.5
w The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
^ from the enacted represents the reduction
w mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$101.2
Standard level user charges... $29,106.6 $34,464.4 $33,618.0 $33,618.0 $35,374.5
The Increase 1n the 1987 request 1s
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels......................... +$1,756.5
There 1s no change in the 1986 estimate.
Rental payments to others. $7,074.6 $8,362.5 $8,362.5 $8,362.5 $9,521.0
The increase 1n the 1987 request 1s
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels -.-. +$1,158.5
There is no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs 1986
I
o
Communications, utilities, and miscellaneous
charges.... $31,163.8 $34,155.3 $35,079.1 ' $31,766.1 $33,723.8
The increase In the 1987 request Is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels........ +$1,957.7
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act... -$3,313.0 '
Printing and reproduction. $4,747.0 $5,451.1 $5,703.1 $5,457.8 $5.920,4
The increase in the 1987 request is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels. +$462.6
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$245.3
Other services. $86,394.5 $86,865.9 $90,734.6 $86,051.9 $92,100.5
The Increase 1n the 1987 request is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels +$6,048,6
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the falanced Budget Act. -$4,682.7
Supplies and materials.. , $13,028.2 $11,720.1 $11,836.6 $11,327.7 $11,924.7
The Increase 1n the 1987 request is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels..... .,...» +$597.>0
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act...., -$508.9
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 VS 1986
Equipment. $36,787.2 $14,523.4 $13,581.8 $12,995.8 $19,448.6
The Increase In the 1987 reqeust 1s
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels....... +$6,452.8
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act............. -$586.0
Lands and structures.... $108.7 ... ... ... ...
There 1s no request in the 1987 estimate
and no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
Grants, subsidies, and contributions. $2,528.8 $295.6 $329.0 $314.8 $906.9
The Increase In the 1987 request 1s
necessary to continue Agency activities at
> current on-board .levels..... +$592.1
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$14.2
Insurance Claims and Indemnities. $28.1 $4.4
There 1s no request in the 1987 estimate
and no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGEHCY
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(1n thousands of dollars)
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
OBJECT CLASSES
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons....,
Actual
1985
$54.1
4,271.4
902.6
Budget
Estimate
1986
$100.0
4,915.0
5,175.0
Enacted
1986
$100.0
4,648.0
400.0
Current
Estimate
1986
$100.0
4,450.0
383.0
Estimate
1987
$100.0
7,100.0
400.0
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
+2,650.0
+17.0
Total obligations..... $5,228.1 $10,190.0
$5,148.0
$4,933.0 $7,600.0 +$2,667.0
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS
M
f
fcl
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
Increase +
Decrease -
1986 vs 1987
Travel and transportation of persons.
$54.1
$100.0
There Is no, change In the 1986 or 1987
estimate.
$100.0
Other services... $4,271.4 $4,915.0 $4,648.0
The Increase 1n the 1987 estimate reflects
the contractual support necessary for the con
structlon of the radiation laboratory 1n Mont-
gomergy, ,A1 abama
$100,0
$100.0
$4,450.0 $7,100.0
+$2.650.0
-------
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
The decrease In the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act
Lands and structures.
$902.6 (5,175.0
$400.0
Current
Estimate
1986
-$194.0
$383.0
Estimate
1987
Increase +
Decrease -
1986 vs 1985
$400.0
The Increase in the 1987 obligation
estimate is primarily for construction of a
modern and safe radiation laboratory in
Montgomery, A1abama
+$17.0
The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act............
-$17.0
Ul
Ij)
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(1n thousands of dollars)
'*' HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE TRUST FUND
Budget
, . Actual Estimate Enacted
OBJECT CLASSES 1985*" 1986 1986 '
Other Objects:
23.3 Communications, utilities, and tnlscella-
25.0 Other services..
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS
The Increase 1n the 1987 request Is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
$58,099.9
5,049.2
327.7
3,564.2
867.2
3,462.8
377.5
335,110.1
2,242.3
7,634.8
5.0
63,662.3
2.2
a
422,305.3
$480,405.2
Actual
1985
$58S099.9
$73,079.8
8,101.2
656.4
5,194.0
*
4,393.7
890.7
558,046.3
4,959.7
7,857.2
236,821.0
* «
826,920.2
$900,000.0
Budget
Estimate
1986
$73,079.8
$71,499.0
8,643.0
792.0
8,040.0
1,812.0
3,000.0
992.0
621,777.0
5,609.0
9,796.0
152,040.0
c
810,501.0
$882,000.0
Enacted
1986
$71,499.0
Current
Estimate
1986
8,643.0
717.7
6,040.0
1,812.0
1,336.4
902.5
525,590.1
5,096.4
8,888.1
Estimate
1987
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
$67,132.9 $71,696.0 +$4,563.1
8,424.0
765.0
6,052.0
1,945.0
3,000.0
962.0
760,211.0
5,432.0
9,473.0
-219,0
+47.3
+12.0
+133.0
+1,663.6
+59.5
+234,620.9
+335.6
+584.9
217,140.9 384,040.0 +166,899.1
776,167.1 1,180,304.0
$843,300.0 $1,252,000.0
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
+404i136.9
+$408,700.0
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
$67,132.9 $71,696.0
+$4,563.1
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs 1986
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act -$4,366.1
Travel and transportation of persons............ $5,049.2 $8,101.2 $8,643.0 $8,643.0 $8,424.0
The decrease 1n travel 1n the 1987 request
will support the expected level of activity for
this program -$219.0.
There 1s no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
Transportation of things $327.7 $656.4 $792.0 $717.7 $765.0
The Increase in the 1987 request will
support the expected level of activity for this
program +$47.3
DJ The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
T from the enacted- represents the reductions
ul mandated by the Balanced Budget Act.........*... -$74.3
Standard level user charges. $3,564.2 $5,194.0 $6,040.0 $6,040.0 $6,052.0
The Increase 1n the 1987 request will
support the expected level of activity for this
program , +$12.0
There 1s no change in the 1986 estimate.
Rental payments to others........i.............. $867.2 ... $1,812.0 $1,812.0 $1,945.0
The increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
the expected level of activity for this program. +$133.0
There is no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
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Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs 1986
Communications, utilities and miscellaneous ,
charges ........... . ..... .......... ........... . $3,462.8 $4,393.7 $3,000.0 $1,336.4 $3,000.0
The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
the expected level of activity for this program. +$1.663.6
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act ..... ...... .. -$1,663.6
Printing and reproduction. ..................... . $377.5 $890.7 $992.0 $902.5 $962.0
The Increase in the 1987 request reflects
the expected level of activity for this program. +$59. 5
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act... ....... ... -$89. 5
f Other services. _______ .. ...... ,...% .............. $335,110.1 $558,046.3 $621,777.0 $525,590.1 $760,211.0
, ... .
The Increase 1n contracts 1n 1987 -reflects
the expected level of activity for this program. +$234,620.9
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act............. -$96,186.9
Supplies and materials.......... .............. .. $2,242.3 $4,959.7 $5,609.0 $5,096.4 $5,432.0
The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
the expected level of activity for this, program. +$335.6
The decrease 1n the 1987 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act............. -$512.6
: Equipment. ______ . ..... . ........ ______ ........... $7,634.8 $7,857.2 $9,796.0 $8,888.1 $9,473.0
The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
the expected level of activity for this program +$584,9
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Enacted Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1985 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 vs 1986
The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act............. -$907.9
Lands and structures. $5.0 ... ... ... ... ...
There Is no request in the 1987 estimate
and no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
Grants, subsidies, and contributions.. $63,662.3 $236,821.0 $152,040.0 $217,140.9 $384,040.0
The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
the expected level of activity for this program. +$166,899.1
The Increase 1n the 1986 current,estimate
reflects expected Increased state participation
gj 1n response actions +$65,100.9
w
^ Insurance Claims and IndemnHUies...... $2.2 ... ... ... ... ...
There 1s no request in the 1987 estimate
and no change in the 1986 estimate. ' :
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