ENVIRONMENTAL
  PROTECTION
     AGENCY
     OF

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
SUBJECT INDEX


SUMMARY                                                                     S-l


AIR                                                                         A-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Air Quality Research...	,	 A-9
          Characterization, Transport and Fate	,	 A-l 5
          Sci enti fie Assessment	....	 A-l 7
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	 A-l7
          Health Effects	 A-l9
          Environmental Engineering and Technology	 A-20
          Environmental Processes and Effects.	A-21
          Stratospheric Modi ficati on	 A-22
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards................ A-24
          Emission Standards & Technology Assessment	 A-27
          Pollutant Strategies & Air Standards Development	 A-28
          State Program Policy Guidelines & Regulations Development	 A-29
       Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy.....	.. A-31
          Emission Standards, Technical Assessment &  Characterization	A-33
          Testing, Technical & Administrative Support.....	,. A-34
          Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance...	 A-35
       State Programs Resource Assistance.........	 A-37
          Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants)	 A-39
          Training	 A-41
       Air Quality Management Implementation....	 A-43
       Trends Nonitaring & Progress Assessment	A*48
          Ambient Air Quality Monitoring	 A-50
          Air Quality & Emissions Data Management & Analysis	 A-52
    ENFORCEMENT
       Stationary Source Enforcement	 A-55
       Mobile Source Enforcement...	 A-59


MATER QUALITY                                                               WQ-1

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Water Quality Research	WQ-9
          Scientif 1 c Assessment.	 WQ-14
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	WQ-15
          Health Effects	,....;	WQ-16
          Environmental Engineering and Technology......	 WQ-17
          Environmental Processes and Effects...	 WQ-18
          Great Lakes	,	WQ-19
       Comprehensive Estuarine Management	 WQ-20
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Water Quality and Grants Program Management	 WQ-23
          Water Quality Management	,.	WQ-25
          Great Lakes Program	WQ-27
          Chesapeake Bay Program...	 WQ-28
       Effluent Standards & Guidelines	WQ-31

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WATER QUALITY (Continued)

       Grants Assistance Programs	.	WQ-35
          Clean Lakes Program	,	WQ-36
          Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106)	 WQ-37
          Training Grants (Section 104)	WQ-38
       Water Quality Strategies Implementation..	 WQ-39
          Dredge & Fill	,.,.. WQ-42
          Ocean Disposal Permits	,	WQ-43
          Environmental  Emergency Response & Prevention.......	 WQ-44
          Standards & Regulations	 WQ-46
       Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis	.,	WQ-48
          Coastal Environment Management	UQ-50
          Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis			 WQ-52
       Municipal Source Control.....	 WQ-55
          Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction...	WQ-57
          Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance	WQ-59
    ENFORCEMENT
          Water Quality Enforcement	WQ-61
          Water Quality Permit Issuance...	WQ-66
          Permit Issuance	 WQ-67


DRINKING WATER                                                              DW-1

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Drinking Water Research	DW-9
          Sci enti fi c As ses sment	,	DW-14
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance......	DW-15
          Health Effects	,	DW-16
          Environmental  Engineering and Technology......................... DW-17
          Environmental  Processes and Effects.	 DW-18
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines......	 DW-21
          Criteria, Standards & Guidelines	 DW-23
       Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance	f,DW-26
          Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants...*....,	 DW-27
          Underground Injection Control Program Grants	,	 DW-28
          Special Studies & Demonstrations	 DW-30
          Trai ni ng	 DW-30
       Drinking Water Management	DW-31
          Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance....	 DW-33
          Underground Injection Control Program..	DW-35
       Ground-Water Protection	DW-37
    ENFORCEMENT
          Drinking Water Enforcement	,	DW-42


HAZARDOUS WASTE                                                             HW-1

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Hazardous Waste Research	 HW-8
          Sci enti f i c Asses sment	,	 HW-16
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	HW-17
          Heal t h Effect s	HW-18
          Environmental Engineering and Technology............	HW-18
          Environmental  Processes and Effects	HW-19
          Integrated Hazardous Waste Research...	HW-20
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies.	HW-23
          Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste	HW-25
          RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Air & Radiation	HW-28
          RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Water	,	•	 HW-29

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HAZARDOUS WASTE (Continued)                                                 Page

       Fi nanci al Assistance.	HW-31
          Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States........ HW-32
          Hazardous Waste Management Compliance Grants	 HW-34
          Hazardous Waste Management Initiative Grants.	 HW-35
          Underground Storage Tanks State Grants	 HW-35
       Waste Management Strategies Implementation	 HW-36
          Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation.. HW-38
    ENFORCEMENT
       Hazardous Waste Enforcement.....	-..	,. HW-42


PESTICIDES                                                           .       P-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Pesticides Research.	 P-8
          Scienti fic Assessment	 P-l 4
          Monitoring and Quality Assurance	 P-l4
          Health Effects	P-l5
          Environmental Engineering and Technology.....	 P-16
          Environmental Processes and Effects....	 P-l7
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances.....	.. P-20
          Regi strati on.	 P-22
          Speci al Regi strati on.	 P-24
          Tolerances	.	 P-25
       Generic Chemical Review.....	 P-27
          Generic Chemical Review	 P-.28
    ENFORCEMENT
       Pestidices Enforcement	 P-32
          Pest i ci des Enforcement	 P-35
          Pesticides Enforcement Grants	 P-36
          Pesticides Certification & Training	... P-37
                             *

RADIATION                                                                   R-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Radi ation Research	R-7
       Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance.........	 R-10
       Health Effects	 R-ll
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines	R-13
       Radiation Program Implementation	 R-16
       Radiation Environmental  Impact Assessment..	 R-l9


INTERDISCIPLINARY                                                           1-1
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Intermedi a Programs	 1-7
          Technical  Information and Liaison	 1-13
          Exploratory Research Core Program	 1-14
          Sci ent i f i c As ses sment	...	 1-15
          Quality Assurance Management....	 1-16
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Environmental Review and Coordination.	 1-18
       Interdisciplinary Training Grants.....	 1-23
    ENFORCEMENT
       Enforcement Policy & Technical Support	 1-27
          Technical  Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring 1-30
          Enforcement Policy & Operations........	1-31
          Criminal Investigations	 1-33

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TOXIC SUBSTANCES                                                            TS-1

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Chemical Testing & Assessment,....*....*....,	TS-8
          Scientif ic Assessment.	 TS-16
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance...	TS-17
          Health Effects	TS-18
          Environmental Engineering and Technology.....	TS-19
          Environmental Processes and Effects	 TS-20
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Toxic Substances Financial Assistance	TS-23
          Asbestos-in-Schools Loans and Grants	 TS-25
          Asbestos-in-Schools Program Administration	TS-26
       Toxic Substances Strategies...	TS-28
          Toxi cs Integrati on.	TS-31
          Chemi cal Test i ng	,	TS-32
          Existing Chemical  Review.....	TS-34
          New Chemi cal Revi ew	TS-36
    ENFORCEMENT
       Toxic Substances Enforcement	 TS-40
          Toxic Substances Enforcement	,	, T.S-42
          Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants	TS-44


ENERGY                                                                      E-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Mu 11 i -Medi a Energy	,..,	 E-5
          Acid Rain	 E-10
          Health Effects	 E-l2
          Environmental Engineering and Technology....	E-l2
          Environmental Processes and Effects	..	E-l3


MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT                                                        MS-1

    PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
       Program Management	.....	MS-7
          Program Management - Air & Radiation....	,	 MS-12
          Program Management - Water......	MS-13
          Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring	 MS-13
          Program Management - External  Affairs	 MS-14
          Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances	 MS-15
          Program Management - General  Counsel..	 MS-15
          Program Management - Research & Development....	MS-16
          Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response	MS-16
    AGENCY MANAGEMENT
       Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices.....	MS-19
          Immediate Office of the Administrator.....	MS-24
          Office of Regional Operations...	 MS-24
          Office of Executive Support...	.,	MS-25
          Regulatory Information Service Center...........	MS-26
          Administrator's Representation Fund	 MS-26
          Office of International Activities	MS-27
          Office of Civil Rights....	„..	 MS-27
          Science Advisory Board	 MS-28
          Office of Administrative Law Judges	MS-29
          Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization.,..	 MS-29
       Office of Inspector General...	...........^	 MS-31
          Office of Inspector General	 MS-32
       Office of General Counsel	MS-34
          General Counsel	 MS-35

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MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT (Continued)                                            Page

       Office of External Affairs	MS-37
          Office of Legislative Analysis........,.,...,..,.,.,,.......,,,.. MS-41
          Office of Congressional Liaison	,	,	MS-42
          Office of Public Affairs	 MS-42
          Office of Private and Public Sector Liaison	... MS-43
          Office of Federal Activities.	 MS-44
       Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation	 MS-45
          Program Management - Policy, Planning & Evaluation	 MS-49
          Integrated Environmental Management Program.	 MS-49
          Office of Policy Analysis...	,	MS-50
          Office of Standards & Regulations	,	MS-51
          Office of Management Systems & Evaluation	,	 MS-52
       Office of Administration & Resources Management...	 MS-54
          Program Management - Administration	 MS-59
          Financial Management - Headquarters..	 MS-60
          Office of the Comptroller...,	 MS-60
          Contracts & Grants Management.......	 MS-61
          Personnel & Organization Services	,	 MS-62
          Facilities & Management Services..............	 MS-63
          Information Systems & Services...	 MS-64
          Human Resources Management	.	 MS-65
   REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
       Regi onal Management	MS-66
          Resource Management - Regions	 MS-70
          Financial Management - Regions...	 MS-71
          Personnel Management - Regions.........	 MS-71
          Administrative Management - Regions...	 MS-72
          Regi onal Management	. MS-73
          Regional Counsel	MS-73
          Planning, Evaluation & Analysis - Regions	-.	 MS-74
   SUPPORT .COSTS
       Support Costs	 MS-77
          Professional Training	•,• MS-79
          Nationwide Support Services	 MS-80
          Headquarters Support Services	 MS-80
          Regional Support Services	 MS-81
          Automated Data Processing and Telecommunications Support Costs... MS-82
          Lab  Support -  Research  & Development	 MS-82
          Lab  Support -  Air  & Radiation	 MS-83
          Lab  Support -  Pesticides &  Toxic Substances....,	 MS-83

BUILDINGS & FACILITIES                                                      BF-1

       Buildings & Facilities	 BF-2
          New Facilities....	 BF-5
          Repairs & Improvements......	... B.F-6


CONSTRUCTION GRANTS                                                         CG-1

       Construct ion Grants.	,	• CG-3


SUPERFUND                                                                   SF-1

   OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
       Cont i ngency PI an.	,.	 SF-4
       Hazardous Substance Response	 SF-5
       Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency	 SF-6
       Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement	 SF-6
       Hazardous Substance Research	 SF-7
       Hazardous Substance Management and  Support	 SF-8


SPECIAL ANALYSES                                                            SA-1

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                       ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  AGENCY

                             1987 Budget Estimate

                            Subject IndexgyMedia


AIR                                                            Page

  Academi c Trai ning	   A-41
  Air Quality Monitoring	„	   A-17,18,50
  Air Toxics		'.	   A-3,1.6,17,18,27,40,45,
                                                                 51,52,57
  Asbestos Demol ition,	   A-27,56
  Compliance Monitoring Inspections	   A-56
  Emission Waivers............	   A-60
  Enforcement	   A-56,60
  Fuel Economy	   A-35
  Fuel Programs	   A-60
  Indoor Air	   A-l-8,20
  Inspection and Maintenance Program	   A-34
  In-use Emission Factors.	   A-34
  Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory	   A-35
  National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)...	   A-l 6,17-19,21,28
  National Crop"Loss Assessment Network  (NCLAN)	   A-21
  National Emission Standards for Hazardous
    Air Pollutants (NESHAPs)	   A-27
  New Source Performance Standards  (NSPS)	   A-l 6,18,20,27
  Ozone	,	   A-4,16,17,19,21 ,45,57,60
  Prevention of Significant Deterioration	   A-39
  Radon	   A-l 8,20
  Recall  of In-Use Vehicles	   A-60
  Regional Programs	,	   A-45,50
  Selective Enforcement Audits	   A-60
  State Grants	   A-39
  State Implementation Plans (SIPs)	   A-l6,18,2.0,39,45,51
  Stationary Source Enforcement	   A-56
  Stratospheri c Modi fi cat i on....		   A-22
  Tampering and Fuel  Switching	   A-60
  Training Courses	   A-41


WATER QUALITY

   Academic Training...	   WQ-38
   Advanced Wastewater Treatment Reviews	   WQ-59
   Aquatic Life Research	   WQ-13,14,18
   Bi omonitori ng	.....	   WQ-15,16,48
   Chesapeake Bay Program	   WQ-21,28
   Coastal Environment Management	   WQ-5Q
   Comprehensive. Estuarine Management	;	   WQ-21
   Construction Grants Management	   CG-2,4;  WQ-57
   Clean Lakes			   WQ-36,37
   Combined Sewer Overflow......	   WQ-58,59
   Corps of Engineers	   WQ-57,58
   Eff 1 uent Guidel ines	   WQ-32
   Emergency Response..	,	   WQ-44,45
   Enforcement	,	»	   WQ-62,63

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                            SubjectIndex by Media

                                 (Continued)

WATER QUALITY  (Continued)                                     Page

  Great Lakes Program	   WQ-12,13,19,27
  Grosse He Laboratory,	   WQ-12,13,19
  Inci nerati on-.at-.S.ea	   WQ-18,41,43
  Innovative and Alternative Technologies	,	   WQ-1 2,13,17,58
  International Pollution Control Agreements	   WQ-19,27,28
  Marine Outfalls - Section 301(h)	   WQ-50,51
  Nonpoint Source	,	   WQ-25,26
  Ocean Disposal...		   WQ-14,17,18,43
  Operations and Maintenance.	   WQ-59
  Operator Training	   WQ-57,58
  Pretreatment	   WQ-4,62,63
  Si udge Management	*.......   WQ-4,14,15-17
 .^State Grants	   WQ-36,37,38
  Toxic Pollutants Research	   WQ-16,18,19
  Wastewater Treatment  Compliance	   WQ-59,62,63
  Water Quality Permit  Issuance	   WQ-67,68
  Wetlands (Section 404)	   WQ-18,42


DRINKING WATER

  Academic Training	   DW-30
  Enforcement	,	   DW-42
  Epi demi ol ogy	,	   DW-5,16
  Ground Water Activities	   DW-5,38
  Ground Water Research Activities	   DW-5,12,13,15,18
  Health Advisories	   DW-3,12,16,23
  Health Effects	   DW-5,12,14,16
  National Primary Drinking Water Regulations	   DW-3,12,13-16,23
  National Rural  Water  Association	   DW-30
  Public Water Systems  Supervision	   DW-4,23,27,33
  Small Systems Engineering Research..	   DW-17
  State Grants	   DW-27
  Underground Injection Control	   DW-15,18


HAZARDOUS WASTE

  Air Emission Standards.	   HW-4,5,25,28,29
  Compliance Inspections	   HW-4,6.,26,27,33,34,43-45
  Dioxin		...   HW-16,17,18,20,26,27
  Domestic Sewage Study	   HW-29,30
  Enforcement	»...	   HW-4,6,25,28,33,34,43-45
  Ground Water Monitoring	   HW-4,17,26,27,28,33,38,
                                                                  43,44
  Hazardous Spills Research	   HW-19,20
  Incineration		   HW-3,4,19,30,33,38,39
  Innovati ve/Al ternati ve Techno! ogies	   HW-18
  Landfills	   HW-3,4,5,19,20,33,38,
                                                                  39,44,45
  Li sting/Deli sting	-.	   HW-4,5,16,26,27

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                            Subject  Index by Media

                                  (Continued)


HAZARDOUS WASTE (Continued)                                    Page

  Monitoring Methods	   HW-5,17
  Permitting.....	   HW-3,6,25,28,32,
                                                                  33-35,38-40
  Policy and Guidance	   HW-4,5,6,23-30
  POTW Requirements	,,.	   HW-25,29,30
  Qua! ity Assurance	,....	,	   HW-17
  Regul ations Devel opment	   HW-3,4-6,23-30
  Risk Assessment...	   HW-4,5,16,25
  State Authorizations	,	   HW-3,32-34,38-40
  State Grants	   HW-3,31 -35
  Subtitle D Facilities	   HW-5,26,28
  Surface Impoundments	   HW-5,25,26,29
  Tufts University	;	   HW-20,21
  UIC Requirements (RCRA)....,	...   HW-5,25,29,30
  Underground Storage Tanks	   HW-4,5,25-28,32,35,39,44
  Waste Banning Activities	....	,   HW-4,5,16,18,19,26,27
  Waste Characterization	   HW-16,26


PESTICIDES

  Bi otechnol ogy		,		   P-l 3,15
  Certification and Training.	   P-4,34,37
  Data Cal 1 - In	,   P-4,28,30
  Emergency Exempti ons	,   P-24
  Enfo rcement....	   P-4,34-36
  Ethylene .D1bpom1.de		   P-29,30
  Experimental  Use Permit	,	,	   P-24
  Ground-Water	,	   P-l 7,29,30
  Lab/Data Integrity	,   P-l 5,30
  Nebraska Enforcement Program	,	   P-35,37
  Pesticide Enforcement Grants	,	   P-34,35-36
  Protecti ve Cl othi ng.,.,	,....»   P-4,16
  Registration Fees	   P-23
  Registration Standards	-,	,	   P-4,28,29
  Reregi strati on	,	   P-4,28-30
  Risk Assessment	   P-l7
  Special Review (RPAR)	,	   P-4,28,29,30
 Jtate Grants	   P-34,36-37
  Tolerance Fees.........	,   P-25


RADIATION                                         i

  Airborne Radionuclide Standards.......	   R-14
  Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System	   R-20
  Health Effects Research	,	   R-ll
  Nevada Nuclear Test Site....	   R-10

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                            Subject Index by Media

                                 (Continued)

RADIATION (Continued)

  Radiological Emergency Response Plans...	  R-17
  Radon Action Program.....	  R-17,20
  Uranium Mill Tailing Standards...	  R-15


INTERDISCIPLINARY
  Case Refe rral s	,	   1-5
 -^Compliance Monitoring..	   1-31
 "•Criminal Investigations.	...	   1-33
  Enforcement	   1-29
  Enf o rcement Ope rations	   1-31
  Enforcement Pol i cy...	   1-31
  Environmental Review and Coordination...	   1-20
  Evi dence Aud i ts..	   1-30
  Exploratory Research.	   1-14
  Federal  Agencies Compliance	   1-20
  Indians  Programs	   1-20
  Interdisciplinary Training Grants	   1-24
  Litigation.	   1-31
  Mussel  Watch				   1-1,2-14
  National Enforcement Investigation Center  (NEIC)	   1-30
  NEPA Compliance Program...	,	   1-20
  Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring...	   1-29
  Qual ity Assurance	*	   1-16
  Risk Assessment Guidelines	,.,	   1-15
  Small  Business Innovation Research.	   1-14
  Technical Information	   1-13
  Visiting Scientists Program....	   1-14


TOXIC SUBSTANCES

  Air Toxics Support	„	   TS-34
  Acute Hazards List			   TS-3,34
  Asbestos Regulations.	   TS-26,35
  Asbestos School  Hazard Abatement Act (ASHAA).	   TS-25,26
  Asbestos Technical  Assistance	   TS-3,25,26,43
  Bi otechnol ogy	,	   TS-12,36
  Category Eval uations	,	   TS-3,34,35
  Chemical Substances Information Network  (CSIN)...,*	   TS-32
  Enf o rcement	   TS-4,42
  Existing Chemical  Review.	-.,	   TS-34
  Interagency Testing Committee  (ITC).'	   TS-32,33
  Lab/Data Integrity	   TS-17,2,43
  MBOCA [4,4'-methylene Bis (2-Chloraniline)]	   TS-36
  MDA (4,4' -methyl enedi am" 1 ine)......	   TS-35
  Polychlorinated Biphenynls (PCB)	   TS-4,35,43
  Regional Asbestos Information and Training Centers........   TS-4,25,26
  Risk Assessment	   TS-16,20

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                            Subject  Index by Media

                                  (Continued)


TOXIC SUBSTANCES (Continued)                                  _Pa
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                       ENVTROf&EOTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                             1987 Budget Estimate

                          Alphabetical Subject Index
                                                              Page
Academic Training:
  Air.......	".	 —AHft—-
  Water Quality	.	   WQ-38
  Drinking Water..............	   DW-30
Acid Rain	.	   E-3,10,11,12
Acute Hazards list.	   TS-3,34
Advanced wastewater Treatment Reviews	   WQ-59
Airborne Radionuclide Standards.	   R-14
Air Emission Standards (Hazardous Waste)	   HW-4,5,25,28,29
Air Quality Monitoring	   A-17,18,50
Air Toxics	   A-3,16,17,18,19,27,34,40,
                                                                45,51,52,57
Alternative Technologies..	   SF-5
Aquatic Life Research....	   WQ-13,14,18
Asbestos Demolition	   A-27,56
Asbestos Regulation	   15-26,35
Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act..	   TS-25,26
Asbestos Technical Assistance	   TS-3,25,26,43
Audits and Investigations	»	   MS-32,33
Automated Data Processing (ADP)	   MS-82

B

Biononitoring	   WQ-15,16,48
Biotechnology	   P-13,15; TS-12,36


C

Case Referrals	   1-5
Category Evaluations....	   TS-3,34,35
Certification and Training	   P-4,34,37
Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program	   SF-5
Chemical Substances Information Network (CSIN)	   TS-32
Chesapeake Bay Program	   WQ-21,28
Clean Lakes..........	   WQ-36,37
Coastal Environment Management.	   WQ-50
Combined Sewer Overflow.	   WQ-58,59
Compliance Inspections - Hazardous Waste......	   HW-4,6,26,27,33,34,43-45
Compliance Monitoring Inspections - Air	   A-56
Compliance Monitoring - Interdisciplinary...........	   1-31
Comprehensive Estuarine Management,	   WQ-21
Construction Grants Management.......	   CG-2,4; WQ-57
Contingency Plan	   SF-4,5
Corps of Engineers...	   WQ-57;
Cost Recovery - Superfund.....	   SF-7
Criminal Investigation	   1-33
                                        11

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                          Alphabetical Subject Index

                                 (Continued)
                                                              Page
Dioodn ............ . .................. . ---- . ................   WQ-53; HW-16-18,20,26,2?
Ocmestic Sewage Study.. .............. . ............. ........   HW-29,30
Dredge and Fill (Section 404) ........................ ......   WQ-42
Effluent Guidelines... ......... ..... .......... .............   WQ-32
Emergency Exemptions... ...... _.. ......... ........ ..........   P-24
Emergency Response ................... .. ............ ........   WQ-44; SF-5,6
Emission' Waivers. . . ............. ...... .................... .   A-60
Enforcement - Legal:
  Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring ..... .....   1-29
  Enforcement Policy and Operations..... ........... ........   1-31
  Criminal Investigations......... .................. ........   1-33
  National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) ...... ...   1-30
  General Counsel .......... ...... ....... ... .......... ......   (6-35,36
  Regional Counsel..... ...... <,«.«. .a...... ...... ...........   MS-73
Enforcement - Technical:
  Mr Mobile Source Enforcement ...... .............. . * ......   A-60
  Air Stationary Source Enforcement.,.. ........ ...... ......   A-56
  Drinking Water Enforcement.... ..... .......... <,,>„., .......   0(9-42
  Hazardous Waste Enforcement ............................ ..   HW-4, 6, 25-28 ,33, 34, 43-45
  Pesticides Enforcement...... .................. . ....... ...   P-4, 34-36
  Toxic Substances Enforcement ............ ... ....... ........   TS-4,42
  Water Quality Enforcement. ....... ° . .......... .... ..... ...   WQ-62
  Water Quality Permit Issuance, a..... „«.«.»,>. ..... »«,o°.,,..   WQ-67
  Superf und Enforcement ......... ...... ..... . ....... ........   SF-6,7
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System. .........   R-20
Envirormental Response Team ..... • ..... ........ ...... ........   SF-5
Epidemiology ..... ........ ........... . ......................   DW-5,16
Estuaries..... ............. . ................... .............   WQ-25,50
Ethylene Dibrcmide ........ . ..... , ........ .......... ........   P-29,30
Evidence Audits. ....... ..... .................... c » o ........*..   1-30
Existing Chemical Review... ................ ., «,«,<> <,.. *....„„.   TS-34
Exploratory Research. ....................p........ ..... <>,..   1-14

£

Federal Agencies Compliance .......... . ........ , ............   1-20
Fuel Economy. . ........ » .......................... ..........   A-35
Fuel Programs ..... .......... ...............................   A-60

G

Great Lakes Program:
  Research and Development. ............. ........... . .......   WQ-12,13,19
  Abatement and Control ......... ................. ..........   HQ-27
Grease He Laboratory. ........ ....... .......................   WQ-12,13f19
Ground Water Activities. ..<,.,...«............ ......* ..... „ .   DW-38
Ground Water Monitoring. . . . . ....................... ........   HW-4,17,26-28, 33,38, 43, 44;
                                                              P-29,30; DW-38
Ground Water Research ........... . ......... , ................   DW-5,6,12,13,15,18; P-17
                                         12

-------
                          Alphabetical Subject Index

                                 (Continued)
Hazardous Spills Research....	   HW-19,20

Health Advisories			   EW-3,12,16,23
Health Effects Research - Drinking Water...	   DW-5,14,16
Health Effects Research - Radiation......	.   R-ll
Hunan Resources Management...	   MS-65

£

Incineration.	   HW-3,4,19,30,33,38,39?
                                                              WQ-41,43
Incineration-at-Sea	   WQ-18
Indian Programs.	   1-20
Indoor Air.....	   A-18,20
Innovative and Alternative Technologies:
  Water Quality....	   WQ-12,13,17,58
  Hazardous Waste	   Hff-4,18,26,27,35
Inspection and Maintenance Program	   A-34
Interagency Testing Coranittee  (ITC)....	   TS-32,33
Interdisciplinary Training Grants......	   1-24
International Activities.	   MS-27
International Pollution Control Agreements.	   WQ-19
In-use Einission Factors	   A-34

L

Lab/Data Integrity	   P-15,30; TS-17,32,43
Landfills	   HW-3-5,19,20,33,38,39,44,45
Legislation/Congressional Liaison Activities...............   MS-40,41,42
Limestone Injection Multi-stage Burner  (LIMB)....	   E-3,12,13
Listing/Delisting.	   H»-4,5,16,26,27

M

Management.	   MS-4; SF-8
Management Systems Integrated.....	   MS-60,61,64
Maintenance & Repair Projects	   BF-3,4,5,6
Marine Outfalls - Section 301(h)	   WQ-50,51
MBOCA [4, 4l-nethylene Bis (2-Chloraniline)]	   TS-36
MDA (4, 4'-roethylenedianiline)..	   TS-35
Monitoring Methods.	   H»-5,17; DW-15
Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory	   A-35
Mussel Watch	..«	   1-10,14

N

National Antoient Air Quality Standards  (NAAQS)..	   A-16,17-19,21,28
National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLftN)........	   A-21
National Etaission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants...   A-27
National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC)	   1-30
National Primary Etinking Water Regulations	   EW-12,13,14,15,16
National' Rural Water Association	   DW-30
National Surface Water Survey	   E-3,11,12
Nebraska Enforcement Program..	   P-35,37
NEPA Conpliance Program..	,.......-	   1-20
Nevada Nuclear Test Site	   R-lO
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)	   A-16,18,20,27
                                      13

-------
                          AlphabeticalSubject Index

                                  (Continued)
                                                               Page
Ocean Disposal ........ .... ............... . .................   WQ-14,17,18,43
Operations and Maintenance.. .................. , ........ ....   WQ-59
Operator Training ................. . ............ . ...........   WQ-57,58
Ozone..., ...... ......... . ................ ... ........... .....   A-4P16,17,19»21,45,57,60

£

Permitting - Hazardous Waste. .. ............... . ........ ....   HW-3, 6, 16, 25, 28 ,32-35, 38-40
Pesticide enforcement Grants. .............. . ............. ..   P-34, 35-36
Policy and Guidance.......... ................... ...........   lW-4,5,6,23-30
Polychlorinated Biphenynla  (PCB) Disposal ..... ......... ....   TS-43
Polychlorlnated Biphenynls  (PCB) Rules.... .................   1S-4, 35,43
POTW Requirements.............. .............. . .......... ...   HW-25, 29,30
Preraarket Manufacture ttstices (PMN) ...... . ........... . .....   15-36
Prevention of Significant Deterioration... ............. ....   A-39
Protective Clothing......... ........ .......... ......... ....   P-4f16
Public Water Systems Supervision ......... . .................   DW-4, 23,27, 33

0

Quality Assurances
  Research and Development.. ............. ...... ............   A-18; WQ-15;IW-r7?  1-16

R

Radon ............ ..... ......... ............... .......... ...   A-18,20
Recall of In-Use Vehicles ..................................   A-60
Regional Acid Deposition Model.. ............. ........ ......   E-10,11
Regional Programs....... <>... ........... „ ....................   A-45,50
Registration Fees... ................ ......... .......... ....   P-23
Registration Standards ........................ ..... ........   P-4,28,29
Regulations Development - Hazardous Waste ..... ..... ........   HW-3, 4-6, 23-30
Regulatory Reform......... ..... . ........ . ..... .............   MS-51
Remedial Response ........... . ........ .......... ............   SF-5,6
Risk Assessment. ........... ......... ..... ......... . ..... ...   HW-4,5,16,25;  P-17; TS-16,20
Risk Assessment Guidelines ...... .............. ............ .   1-15
Selective Enforcement Audits ........ .>.,.... ....<,.<,<><>. .......   A-60
Significant New Use Rules  (SNURs)...* ......... ...o ..... ....   TS-36
Sludge Management. .......... ............. . .......<.......<,..   WQ-4, 14,15, 16,17
Small Business Innovation Research. ...... <, ...... ,,<,.,<,<,<,„,.   1-14
Small Systems Engineering Researdu .......«.<.. .*........o'.oo.   DW-17
State Authorizations - Hazardous Waste.............. ..... ..   HW-3, 32-34, 38-40          /""7
State Grants!                                                                            v~« ,<•-;-•••
  Air...;........., ....................... . .......... '. .......   A-39                       (^
  Water 106 ........... .......... . ........ , ...... . ..........   WQ-36, 37,38      /       ™~~ —
  Water 205(g) ........ . ..... •. ........ ...... ...... ... ...... ,.   WQ-25,37;  OG-2,4 /^Q- K-j^"); C G~ 9 ,.*
  Watar 205(j) ........ ...... ............. ........... ........   Wvh-25,37;  CG-2,4 (  W a. lb> -, .  rr     't
  Clean .Lakes..... .......... . ............ , ......... , .......   WQ-36,37         V        i& '  (-Cr " J' '
  Public Water System Supervision.............. ....... .....   DW-27
  Underground Injection Control (U1C) ....,......<>..........   DW-28
  Bazanlous Waste. .... ..... . ....... ....... ....... . ..........   HW-3, 31-3 5
  Pesticides Enforcement* ...... ....... ........ . ......... ...   P-34, 35-36
  Pesticides Certification and Training.. ....... ...........   P-4,34,37
  Special Studies and Demonstrations-Drinking Water, .......   EW-30
State Implementation Plans  (SIPs). .......... . ...... ........   A-16,18,20  -
Stationary Source Enforcement ............ . ..... .. ...... ....   ft-56
Stratospheric Modification. ....... .... .............. . ......   A-22
Structure Activity Relationships Validation ........ ........   TS-18,21,36

                                         14

-------
                          Alphabetical Subject Index

                                  (Continued)


Subtitle D Facilities	   HW-5,26,28
Superfund Interagency Funds	.	   SF-6
Superfund Research and Development	   SF-7,8
Surface Impoundments	...........   HW-5,25,26,29
Synthetic 'Fuels	,....   E-3,12,13
Support Services	   MS-79,80-83

z

Tampering and Fuel Switching	   A-60
Technical Information	   1-13
Test Guidelines.	   TS-32,33
Test Rules	....„	   TS-32,33
Tolerance Fees	°	   P-25
Toxic/Chemical Integration Efforts	   TS-31
Toxic Pollutants Research	   WQ-16,18,19
Training Courses	   A-41
Tufts University	   Of-20,21

U

UIC Requirements (RCRA)	   HW-5,25,29,30
underground Injection Control  (UIC)	   DW-4,6,15,18,23,27,33
Underground Storage Tanks	   HW-4,5,16,17,19,25-28,32,
                                                                 35,39,44
Uranium Mill Tailing Standards	   R-15

v

Visiting Scientists Program....	   1-14

W

Waste Banning Activities..	   H»-4,5,26,27
Waste Characterization....	   HW-16,26
Wastewater Treatment Compliance	   WQ-59,62,63
Wetlands (Section 404)	,	
                                          15

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Summary
   SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                           ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                 1987 Budget Estimate

                                    BUDGET SUMMARY


     The President's  request  for the  Environmental  Protection Agency's  1987  budget
totals $2,426,466,000 supported by 13,160.7 total  workyears, including $1,376,466,000
and 11,444.7 total workyears  for the  Agency's  operating programs, and $1,050,000,000
and 1,716.0 total workyears for the Superfund program.   At this time, no new resources
are requested  for the  municipal  waste  treatment  facilities  construction  program.
However, the President will submit a  budget  amendment  for $1,800,000,000 once appro-
priate reform  legislation  is  enacted.  These  resources constitute  an  increase  to
Superfund and our  operating programs  of  $139,069,000 and a  decrease  of 200 workyears
in 1987.

     The 1987  request  contains increases  for  the Superfund  and  Hazardous  Waste
programs.  Based upon the  Administration's  reauthorization  proposal,  requested fund-
ing for the Superfund program increases by $188,700,000, to $1,050,000,000, supported
by 1,716.0 total workyears in  1987.  This funding  will  support the level  of activity
that the Agency  had  planned  to achieve in 1987.   Pending  reauthorization, the level
requested may have to  be  adjusted  based  on the  requirements  of the new  statute.

     To continue the  implementation of the  new  hazardous waste program, which is de-
signed to prevent  generation  of  new  Superfund sites,  the President's  1987  budget
proposes an increase  of  20 workyears  and  $18 million over the  1986 current estimate.
These funds will  continue  to  support  the Agency's efforts to implement  new program
responsibilities, such  as   corrective action,  banning  wastes  from  land  disposal,
development of alternative treatment  standards, regulating  underground storage tanks
and additional enforcement activities.

     The 1987  request  for  enforcement will provide the Agency  with  the  resources
necessary to  continue successful  implementation  of  its enforcement  activities.  It
includes $130,242,800 supported by  2,260.2 total  workyears, an  increase  of $908,800
and a decrease of 12.0 total workyears.  Pending reauthorizing  legislation, resources
for the Superfund enforcement  program  are not included at this level.  The President's
Budget increases resources  for hazardous waste enforcement activities.  This increase,
$2,721,600, is  necessary to  meet the  special  compliance monitoring  and enforcement
requirements of  the   1984  legislation.   Additional  enforcement  resources are  also
requested for enforcement  and  compliance monitoring to  reduce  criminal  case backlog
and the criminal enforcement program.

     The 1987 research  and  development program  places  emphasis on such high priority
Agency programs as acid  rain, hazardous waste, and  cross-media pollutants.  Our request
for research  activities  includes  $295,163,300  supported by 1,786.2  total  workyears,
a decrease  of $17,337,500 and 15.4 total  workyears.    The  1987 acid  rain  research
program continues to  be  accelerated to ensure that timely information is available to
develop effective, scientifically sound, regulatory policies.  Major emphasis will  be
on the development and evaluation of atmospheric models  to assess  the  relative contri-
bution of various  sources  of  acid deposition.  The  hazardous  waste  research program
in 1987 will be  focused  to  improve the identification and control  of hazardous wastes.
For example, research will  be  expanded to  develop new techniques to identify compounds
containing hazardous wastes, to predict and monitor their movement through the environ-
ment, and evaluate innovative control  technologies.  Cross-media  research will address
the Agency's  air  toxics strategy and  the  effects  of pesticides  use  on groundwater.
                                         s-1

-------
     Grants to State and  local  governments  are  at  a  level of $270,453,400.  All grants
directly supporting State  operations  except hazardous  waste  state grants are reduced
from 1986, reflecting  administrative  savings  and  the ability  of the States to assume
greater responsibility for financing  their activities.  The  $8 million increase for
the hazardous  waste  grants will  provide  additional  support  for  the  requirements- of
the 1984 legislation and the underground storage tank program.

     The 1987  budget  request also continues  support in the amount of $10,107,300 for
the Chesapeake  Bay  program, which  is designed to  support Bay  States  through  cost-
sharing grants  and  continue EPA's role in monitoring and modeling.  The 1987 request
also proposes  $5,706,000 for the Great Lakes  program.  In addition, the  budget request
contains $7,882,500  for  the   Coastal  Environmental  Management  program,  for  water
quality management in four  important coastal  water bodies.

     Because the  current  authorization for the Construction  Grant program expired at
the end of  1985,  the  Agency is requesting no  funds  for 1987 at this time.  However,
the President  will  submit  a supplemental  request for  $1.8  billion  once appropriate
reform legislation is enacted.

     A summary of budget  authority for EPA's six appropriation accounts  is as follows:

                       EPA's Request by AppropriationAccount
                                         1986
                                   Current Estimate
                         1987
                   Budget Authority
                    Increase +
                    Decrease -
                   1986 vs 1985
Salaries & Expenses.*..	
Abatement, Control & Compliance.
Research & Development	
Buildings & Facilities	
    Operating Programs Subtotal,
Construction Grants..........
Hazardous Substance Response
  Trust Fund	,	
        Total,
  $654,756,000
   552,763,000
   213,793,000
     4,785,000

$1,426,097,000

  $574,200,000

  $861,300,000

$2,861,597,000
  $687,947,000
   490,785,000
   192,734,000
     5,000,000

$1,376,466,000
$1.050,000,000

$2,426,466,000
 +$33,191,000
  -61,978,000
  -21,059,000
     +215.000

 -$49,631,000

-$574,200,000

 +188.700,000

-$435,131,000
     This level  of  resources  supports  Congressional  and  Administration  efforts to
reduce the  deficit,  both  in 1986 and  1987.   The 1986 estimate Includes the 4.3  per-
cent reduction  required  by the  Gramm-Rudman-Hollings  legislation as  part  of  the
government-wide program to  reduce the  deficit.   The  1987 budget was developed within
the $144 billion deficit target mandated in the  Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
Control Act. The Agency's mission will not be significantly affected by these reduced
resources.

       The  following  briefly  describes  the  content  of  each  appropriation  and  the
changes within each  from the Agency's current 1986 estimates.

SALARIES AND EXPENSES

     EPA's  request  increases  by  $33,191,000 to $687,947,000, which  represents  the
funding necessary to continue  Agency activities  without  reducing the current on-board
level  of personnel.  This appropriation finances salaries and related costs associated
with administering  the  programs  within the  Environmental  Protection  Agency.   It
incorporates all  costs  exclusive of grant  programs  and program-specific contractual
agreements.  It  also provides funding  for  repair  and improvement  projects  under
$25,000.
                                         S-2

-------
ABATEMENT, CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE

     The Abatement, Control and  Compliance appropriation  finances  contracts,  grants,
and cooperative agreements for pollution abatement, control and compliance activities.
EPA's request  decreases  by $61,978,000 to  $490,785,000  in  1987.   The major  reason
for the decrease  is  because the President's budget request does not  include  funding
for asbestos-in-schools loans and grants.   The 1986 current estimate for this  program
is $47,849,900.  The  decrease  also  supports the Administration's  overall  commitment
to the government-wide initiative to reduce the deficit.

RESEARCH ANDDEVELOPMENT

     The 1987  budget  for  the  Research  and Development  appropriation decreases  by
$21,059,000 to $192,734,000.  The decrease reflects a phase  out  of research programs
that have  yielded  sufficient  information  to  support  well-established  regulatory
programs, as well  as  those areas  of control  technology  research  where  industry  is
capable of applying the  information generated  by the Agency  to  date.  This decrease
also supports the government-wide commitment to deficit reduction.

BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES

     EPA requests  $5,000,000  for the Buildings  and Facilities  appropriation,  which
finances the construction,  repair,  improvement, extension,  alteration,  and purchase
of fixed equipment  of facilities owned,  as well  as existing facilities  occupied  by
the Environmental  Protection  Agency.   The funds  in  1987 will  continue  to  ensure
healthy and  safe  conditions  in  EPA laboratories,   and  prevent deterioration  of  our
owned and leased facilities.

CONSTRUCTION GRANTS

     The 1987 President's Budget contains  no new resources  for the  Construction Grants
program at this time.  It is expected that a budget amendment for $1,800,000,000 will
be submitted once appropriate reform legislation is enacted.  This  program provides
grants to local  public  agencies for  construction  of municipal  wastewater treatment
facilities to  assist  States  and localities  1n attaining  water  quality  standards.
With available prior  year  funds, emphasis will  be maintained on  expeditiously com-
pleting and  closing  out  projects.   Based  on  the   Administration's  legislative pro-
posal, the  overriding theme of  the  program continues  to be the need to  have States
and localities move toward full  assumption of program authority.

HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE TRUST FUND

     The 1987 budget  requests $1,050,000,000 supported by  1,716.0 total workyears, an
increase of  $188,700,000 to  support the Hazardous Substance  Response  Trust  Fund.
Because the taxing authority, which  is the major source of funding for this program,
expired on September  30,  1985, the Agency is  operating a reduced  Superfund program.
Once reauthorization  action  is  completed, and the  program regains its momentum,  the
requested funding  will enable the  Agency  to achieve its planned level of activity in
1987.
                                        S-3

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                                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                          Summary of Budget Authority,
                                       Obligations, Outlays and Workyears
                                                By Appropriation
                                             (dollars In thousands)
                                   Actual
                                    1985

Research and Development
  Budget Authority..		  $188,875.0
  Obi Igati ons	   192,278.4
  Outlays	   160,780.5
Abatement^ Control and
  ComplTance
  Budget Authorlty.............   480,500.0
  Obi nations	   517;985.3
  Outlays..	.	   441,133.2

Salaries and Expenses
  Budget Authority.............   665,698.1
  Obllcatlons	   658,985.6
  OutlSys.......	   631,419.0
  Permenent Workyears	  .   9,904.8
  Total itorkyears..............    11,001.4
Buildings and Faclllties
  Budget Authorlty,	
  Obligations	
  Outlays...........	
Operations, Research and
  Facilities
  Obligations,
  Outlays.
12,500.0
 5,228.1
 3,872.3
   151.4
   298.7
SUBTOTAL, OPERATING PROGRAMS
 Budget Authorl ty	$1,347,573.1
 Obi igatlons			 .$1,374,628.8
 Outl ays			 .$1,237,503.7
 Permanent Horkyears	     9,904.8
 Total Workyears		..<..    11,001.4
Budget
Estimate
1986
$212,400.0
212,061.0
193,678.0
495,500.0
505,911.0
488,844.0
670,416.0
670,416.0
660,901.2
10,227.7
11,302.7
5,000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0
300.0
280.0
$1,383,316.0
$1,398,878.0
$1,348,898.2
10,227.7
11,302.7
Enacted
1986
$223,400.0
223,100.0 I/
198,258.8
577,600.0
585,784.0 I/
532,512.7
684,176.0
684,031.0 I/
675,498.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
5 ,000.0
5,148.0
5,449.5
300.0
500.0
$1,490,176.0
$1,498,363.0 I/
$1,412,219.4"
10,595.1
11,582.7
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-$9,607.0
-9,607.0
-2,677.0
-24,837.0
-24,837.0
-11,272.0
-29,420.0
-29,420.0
-25,188.0
* • *
* * *
-215.0
-215.0
-55.0
* • •
* * *
-$64,079.0
-$64,079.0
-$39,192.0
* * •
* * -•
Current
Estimate
1986
$213,793.0
213,493.0
195,581.8
552,763.0
560,947.0
521,240.7
654,756.0
654,611.0
650,310.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
4,785.0
4,933.0
5,394.5
300.0
500.0
$1,426,097.0
$1,434,284.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
Estimate
1987
$192,734.0
193,344.2
204,026.9
490,785.0
492,699.9
532,473.7
687,947.0
687,947.0
675,535.6
10,452.9
11,382.7
5,000.0
7,600.0
8,405.5
300.0
500.0
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11,382.7

-------
                                  Actual
                                                Budget
Authority. ........




6?0
480
. . . 360
1
1
,000.0
,405.2
,311.6
,237.2
.350.3
71




900,000.0
900 ,000 .0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1.716.0
900,000.0
882,000.0
480,000.0
1,556.2
1.716.0

]/



-38 700 0
-38,700.0
-7,590.0


861
843
472
1
1
300 0
300.0
,410.0
,556.2
.716.0
1
1



050 000 0
252 000 0
770,800.0
1,556.2
1.716.0
Hazardous Substance Response
  Trust^ Rind
  Budget.
  ObUgat
  Outlays
  Permane
  Total H

Payment to Hazardous Substance
  Response Trust Fund
  Fudget Authorlty............   (44,000.0)
  Obligations	   (44,000.0)
  Outlays.	   (44,000.0)

Advances to Hazardous
  Substance Response Trust Fund
  Budget Authority.	'
  Obligations......	
  Outlays	

Construct1on Grants
"  BudgeOuthGrityY	2,400,000.0   2,400,000.0
  Obligations	 2,573,964.9   2,500,000.0
  Outlays.		 2,899,742.7   2,650,000.0
                                                     Current
                                                     Estimate
                                                      1906 "
                                                    Estimate
                                                                                        (330,888.0)
                                                                                        (330,888.0)
                                                                                        (330,888.0)
                                                                   (33,000.0)
                                                                   (33,000.0)
                                                                   (33,000,0)
Sclentjf1c Activities Overseas
  Dblll gaFI ons	
  Outlays	
Revolving Fund
  Obligations..
  Outlays	
M1sc. Contributed Funds
  Obligations.
  Outlays	
 299.4
  62.3
 533.0
-117.0
  36.4
   8.2
 15.0
100.0
600.0
 15.0
 30.0
 25.0
                                                             600,000.0
                                                           1,400,000.0
                                                           2,820,000.0
                                                                  10.0
                                                                 268.0
                                                                 600.0
                                                                 -50.0
                                                                  50.0
                                                                  25.0
                                       -25,800.0
                                       -25,800.0
                                          -258.0
                                      574,200.0 3/      ... 4/
                                    1,374,200.0     108,267.0
                                    2,819,742.0   2,355,200.0
-28.0
-28.0
               10.0
              268.0
572.0
-78.0
               50.0
               25.0
              150.0
              342.0
   750.0
-1,250.0
               40.0
               25.0

-------

Actual
1985

Budget
Estimate
1986

Enacted
1986
Bal anced
Budget
Reduction
1986

Current
Estimate
1986

Estimate
1987
Reimbursements - Salaries and
  Expenses
  DEm gatfons............	
  Permanent Workyears.........
  Total  Workyears..	
Reimbursements - Superfund
  Obligations..		
17,789.1
    56.8
    53.6
 5,584.1
20,000.0
    53.0
    62.0
 7,000.0
20,000.0
    53.0
    62.0
18,000.0
 -34.0
-398.0
19,966.0
    53.0
    62.0
17,602.0
20,000.0
    53.0
    62.0
30,000.0
TOTAl^ENVjftONMENTAL PROTECTION

  AENCY
Budget Authority... 	
Obligations. 	 	

Permanent Workyears......
Total Workvears.. 	
..$4.367,573.1 $
..$4,453,240.9 $
..$4,497,511.5 $
11,198.8
12.415.3
4,683,316.0 $2,990,176.0 -$128,579.0 '.
4,826,523.0 $3,819,022.0 -$129,039.0 !
4,669,038.2 $4,712,462.4 -$47,068.0 1
11,836.9 12,204.3
13.080.7 13.360.7
£,861,597.0 $2,426,466.0
;3, 689, 984.0 $2,793,098.1
54, 665, 394. 4 $4,546,058.7
12,204.3 12.062.1
13.360.7 13.160.7
I/  Obligations for these appropriations reflect the reduction to Consulting Services pursuant to P.L= 99-160:
    Salaries and Expenses - $145.0; Research and Development - $133.0; Abatement, Control, and Compliance - $710.0.
    The reduction for Superfund of $240.0 was considered in the estimates for that program.

2/  The 1985 appropriation does not reflect a receipt shortfall of $13,918.0 which could reduce budget authority to
    $sne,002.0.

3/  An additional $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthorlzation.

jj  An amended budget request for $1.8 billion will be submitted immediately after appropriate reform
    legislation is enacted.

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  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

   Summary of Budget Authority,
Obligations, Outlays and Workyears
             By Media
      (dollars In thousands)

Air
Budget Authority. ........
Obi igations. .............



Water Quality


Outl ays 	 	


Drinking Water
Budget Authority 	
Obi igations 	 	

• Permanent Workyears 	

Hazardous Waste
Budget Author 1 ty .........
Obi 1 gatl ons . 	 	



Pesticides
Budget Authorl ty 	
Obi igations. 	 	 	

Permanent Workyears 	

Actual
1985
... . $234,580.1
.... 232,624.2
.... 233,082.6
.... 1,583.2
.... 1,710 0

.... 251,717,3
, . . . 249,909.9
.... 240,952.3
.... 1,957.0
. ... 2,191.5

.... 85,992.1
. ... 85,244.9
.... 86,081.7
, . . . 543.4
.... 604.3

.... 191,912.1
. ... 194,075.6
.... 150,793.3
. ... 1,045,2
.... 1,176.2

.... 66,928.4
.... 70,521,5
.... 61,155.0
.... 734.6
	 797.5
          Budget
         Estimate
           1986
        $238,511.9
         240,879.6
         255,665.9
           1,604.0
           1,751.6
         241,686.2
         244,426.5
         241,236.4
           2,003.3
           2,248.6
          88,125.8
          89,040.4
          98,286.3
             584.5
             642.3
         237,353.8
         240,244.7
         197,408.7
           1,217.9
           1,367.9
          70,506.9
          71,031.4
          57,560.2
             735.1
             809.1
  Enacted
   1986
$259,548.4
 257,426.0
 229,613.7
   1,713.9
   1,830.6
 256,580.4
 258,852.0
 246,907.3
   2,056.5
   2,283.0
  91,230.4
  90,144.0
  87,423.1
     595.8
     639.8
 248,544.4
 248,758.0
 214,677.5
   1,284.5
   1,442.5
  69,836.5
  70,969.0
  67,142.7
     741.2
     807.6
Balanced
 Budget
Reduction
  1986
-$11,160.5
 -11,160.5
  -6,624.9
 -11,033.3
 -11,033.3
  -6,595.9
  -3,923.2
  -3,923.2
  -2,356.7
 -10,686.8
 -10,686.8
  -5,595.5
  -3,002.9
  -3,002.9
  -1,947.5
 Current
 Estimate
   1986
$248,387.9
 246,265.5
 222,988.8
   1,713.9
   1,830.6
 245,547.1
 247,818.7
 240,311.4
   2,056.5
   2,283.0
  87,307.2
  86,220.8
  85,066.4
     595.8
     639.8
 237,857.6
 238,0?1.2
 209,082.0
   1,284.5
   1,442.5
  66,833.6
  67,966.1
  65,195.2
     741.2
     807.6
 Estimate
   1987
$239,228.4
 239,549.0
 235,868.6
   1,660.2
   1,791.1
 217,841.0
 218,584.0
 235,732.7
   2,021.1
   2,181.8
  84,126.5
  84,242.0
  83,434.7
     587.8
     639.8
 256,236.2
 256,144.0
 239,991.5
   1,301
                               1,462.3
  69,433.1
  69,467.0
  68,720.5
     734.7
     803.8

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01
                 Radiation
                   Budget Authority....
                   Obligations....	
                   Outlays	
                   Permanent Workyears.
                   Total Workyears.....
                 Noise
                   Budget Authority.
                   Obligations......
                   Outlays.....	
Jnterdi sdplinary
  Budget "AuflTbn ty
 • Obligations.	
  Outlays	
  Permanent Workyears.
  Total Uorkyears
                                  Actual
                                   1985

                                  13,003.4
                                  12,354.5
                                  16,068.9
                                     149.1
                                     161.4
                                      45.9
56,264.1
55,489.9
54,857.8
   482.5
   533.0
                 Toxic Substances
                   Budget Authority.
                      	    84.536.2
  Obligations	.,	   124,604.6
  Outlayr	    84,562.6
  Permanent Workyears	       767.3
  Total Workyears	       852.2
                 Energy
                   Budget Authori ty....
                   Obligations	
                   Outlays....	...
                   Permam-nt Workyears.
                   Total Uorkyears.
                                  58,592.2
                                  56,812.5
                                  41,692.6
                                      94.1
                                     105.7
                 Management and Support
                   Budget Authority	   291,547.2
                   Obligations...	   287,763.1
                   Outlays	   264,338.7
                   Permanent Workyears	     2,548.4
                   Total Workyears	     2,869.6
              Budget
             Estimate
               1986

               9,782.4
               9,828.5
               9,758.4
                 141.3
                 147.3
                 469.7
47,166.3
47,292.6
48,252.6
   491.0
   521.5
              94,952.1
              95,511,7
              94,lbl.l
                 796.6
                 856.3
              67,317.3
              67,219.5
              58,659.6
                  89.2
                  97.7
                                               282,913.3
                                               283,513.1
                                               282,254.3
                                                 2,564.8
                                                 2,860.4
              Enacted
               1986

              10,202.1
              12,707.0
              12,723.5
                 155.3
                 160.0
                 395.9
56,272.8
55,770.0
60,916.3
   537.7
   568.2
             143,331.3
             149,397.0
             125,687.4
                 804.8
                 865.0
              61,707.7
              61,957.0
              62,301.4
                  88.4
                  97.0
                           287,922.0
                           288,223.0
                           298,981.1
                             2,617.0
                             2,889.0
             Balanced
              Budget
             Reduction
               1986

                -438.6
                -438.6
                -325.6
                                                                                             -2,419.6
                                                                                             -2,419.6
                                                                                             -1,343.6
              -6,163.1
              -6,163.1
              -2,911.3
              -2,654.3
              -2,654.3
                -857.3
                           -12,381.7
                           -12,381.7
                           -10,578.7
Current
Estimate
 1986

  9,763.5
 12,268.4
 12,397.9
    155.3
    160.0
                               395.9
 53,853.2
 53,350.4
 59,572.7
    537.7
    568.2
137,168.2
143,233.9
122,776.1
    804.8
    865.0
 59,053.4
 59,302.7
 61,444.1
     88.4
     97.0
                           275,540.3
                           275,841.3
                           288,402J
                             2,617.0
                             2,889.0
Estimate
  1987

 11,972.0
 11,989.0
 12,136.4
    152.0
    157.0
                  184.7
 47,874.9
 48,043.0
 52,466.7
    544.3
    570.0
 89,327.7
 90,523.0
128,594.4
    792.5
    858.2
 59,589.4
 59,613.0
 61,349.2
     77.2
     85.8
              295,836.8
              296,137.1
              294,056.0
                2,581.8
                2,832.9

-------

Buildings and Facilities

Obligations..,. .............
Outl ays 	 	 	
SUBTOTAL, OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Author! ty 	 ...$1
Obi tgatl ons 	 	 	 	 	 .$1
Outl ays 	 .............. .$1
Permanent Workyears. ........

Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund

Obi 1 gat Ions. ............. ...



Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Obi igat 1 ons 	 	

Advances to Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund


Outlays ., 	 	
Construction Grants
Budget Authority.... ........ 2
Obligations.. 	 	 2
Out! ? y s 	 	 2
Scientific Activities Overseas
Ub] 1 gat-1 ons .................

Actual
1985

12,500.0
5,228.1
3,872.3

,347,573.1 $1
,374,628.8 $1
,237,503.7 $1
9,904.8
11,001.4


620,000.0 I/
480,405.2
360,311.6
1,237.2
1,350.3

(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)






,400,000.0 2
,573,964.9 2
,899,742.7 2

299.4
62.3
Budget
Estimate
1986

5,000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0

,383,316.0
,398,878.0
,348,898.2
10,227,7
11,302.7


900,000.0
900,000.0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0










,400,000.0
,500,000.0
,650,000.0

15.0
100.0
Enacted
1986

5,000.0
5,148.0
5,449.5

$1,490,176.0
$1,499,351.0
$1,412,219.4
10,595.1
11,582.7


900,000.0
882,000.0
480,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0










600*000.0
1,400,000.0
2,820,000.0
ft
10.0
268.0
Balanced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-215.0
-215.0
-55.0
-$64,079.0
-$64,079.0
-$39,192.0
* • *
• » »
-38,700.0
-38,700.0
-7,590.0
* * *
» • •
Current
Estimate
1986
4,785.0
4,933.0
5,394.5
$1,426,097.0
$1,435,272.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
861,300.0
843,300.0
472,410.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
Estimate
1987
5,000.0
7,600.0
8,405.5
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11,382.7
1,050,000.0
1,252,000.0
770,800.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
             (330,888.0)
             (330,888.0)
             (330,888.0)
                (33,000.0)
                (33,000.0)
                (33,000.0)
-25,800.0
-25,800.0
   -258.0
  574,200.0 2J      ...  I/
1,374,200.0     108,267.0
2,819,742.0   2,355,200.0
    • * *

    * * *
       10.0
      268.0
150.0
342.0

-------
                                                                           Bal anced
                                                 Budget                     Budget        Current
                                   Actual        Estimate       Enacted     Reduction      Estimate      Estimate
                                    1985          1986          1986         1986           1986          1987
 Revolving Fund
   Obligations		       533.0         600.0         600.0         -28.0         572.0         750.0
   Outlays...	      -117.0          15.0         -50.0         -28.0,,        -78.0      -1,250.0

 H1sc. Contributed Funds                                                          x
 —Obligations....".....	        36»4          30.0          50,0         ...            50.0          40.0
   Outlays	         8.2          25.0          25.0         ...            25.0          25.0

 Reimbursements - Salaries and
  Expenses
  "WTTgaTlons		    17,789.1      20,000.0      20,000.0         -34.0      19,966.0      20,000.0
   Permanent Workyears		        56.8          53.0          53.0         ...            53.0          53.0
   Total Workyears....	        63.6          62.0          62.0         ...            62.0          62.0

 Reimbursements - Superfund
   Obligations		..	     5,584.1       7,000.0      18,000.0        -398.0      17,602.0      30,000.0


 TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

  AGENCY

   Budget Authority.......	$4,367,573.1  $4,683,316.0  $2,990,176.0   -$128,579.0  $2,861,597.0  $2,426,466.0
   Obligations	$4,453,240.9  $4,826,523.0  $3,820,011.0   -$129,039.0  $3,690,972.0  $2,793,098,1
   Outlays		$4,497,511.5  $4,669,038.2  $4,712,462.4    -$47,068.0  $4,665,394.4  $4,546,058.7
   Permanent Workyears	    11,198.8      11,836.9      12,204.3         ...        12,204.3      12,062.1
   Total Workyears...	    12,415.3      13,080.7      13,360.7         ...        13,360.7      13,160.7

NOTE:
   The 1986 obligation estimates for the operating programs do not reflect the reduction for Consulting Services
   pursuant to P.L. 99-160; Salaries and Expense - $145,0; Research and Development - $133.0; and Abatement,
   Control, and Compliance - $710.0.  The reduction for Superfund of $240.0 was considered 1n the estimates for
   that program.

_!/ The 1HR5 appropriation does not reflect a receipt shortfall of $13,918.0 which could reduce budget  authority
   to $606,082.0.

2f An additional $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthoriration.

3f An amended budget request for $1.8 -billion will be submitted Immediately after appropriate reform legislation
   Is enacted.

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 Air
SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
AIR                                                                         A-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Air Quality Research	A-9
          Characterization, Transport and Fate	 A-l 5
          Sci enti f i c Assessment	A-l 7
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	 A-l7
          Health Effects	 A-l9
          Environmental Engineering and Technology	 A-20
          Environmental Processes and Effects...	 A-21
          Stratospheri c Modi fi cati on	 A-22
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning  & Standards	 A-24
          Emission Standards & Technology Assessment.,	 A-27
          Pollutant Strategies & Air Standards Development.	 A-28
          State Program Policy Guidelines & Regulations Development........ A-29
       Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy...........	 A-31
          Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization	A-33
          Testing, Technical & Administrative Support	 A-34
          Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance	 A-35
       State Programs Resource Assistance	 A-37
          Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants)	 A-39
          Trai ni ng	 A-41
       Air Quality Management Implementation	 A-43
       Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment.......	A-48
          Ambient Air Quality Monitoring........	,	 A-50
          Air Quality & Emissions Data Management 8 Analysis	 A-52
    ENFORCEMENT
       Stationary Source Enforcement	 A-55
       Mobile Source Enforcement	 A-59
                                     A-l

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APPROPRIATION
                                                              AIR
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                   (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
 Salaries & Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
 Research & Development

TOTAL, A1r
 $80,950..Q    $81,852.3    $86,881.1   -$3,735.9   $83,145.2    $84,208.4    $1,063.2
$111,596.8   $115,828.0   $126,328.0   -$5,432.1  $120,895.9   $117,828.0   -$3,067.9

 $40,077.4    $40,831.6    $46,339.3   -$1,992.5   $44,346.8    $37,192.0   -$7,154.8

$232,624.2   $238,511.9   $259,548.4  -$11,160.5  $248,387.9   $239,228.4   -$9,159.5
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
   1,583.2      1,604.0      1,713.9                 1,713.9      1,660.2       -53.7
   1,710.0      1,751.6      1,830.6                 1,830,6      1,791.1       -39.5
$233,082.6   $255,665.9   $229,613.7   -$6,6?4.9  $222,988.8   $235,868.6   $12,879.8
 Authorization for the Clean Air Act expired September 30, 1981.   Reauthorlzatlon Is
 pendlng.

-------
                                        AIR


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY


     The Clean Air  Act authorizes a  nationwide program  of  air quality  planning,
regulation, enforcement, and  research for control of air pollution.  The EPA strategy
for implementing the nationwide program 1s based on  five  major  goals:   (1)   reduce
the risk  of exposure  to  air toxics;   (2)   achieve  National  Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQSs)  set to protect  public health;  (3)  increase the  capacity and
improve the effectiveness  of State and  loca]  air quality agencies;  (4)  determine
the policy  alternatives  and strategy options  available  to  address add  deposi-
tion and stratospheric  ozone  depletion;  (5) develop and support  programs to maintain
improvements in  air quality;  and (6)  research to   support  regulatory  programs.

Reduce Risk of Exposure to Air Toxics

     In 1987,  EPA will  continue to better define the nature and magnitude  of the
air toxics problem and  to develop and  strengthen the  regulatory  options  for dealing
with the problem.  In June 1985,  EPA completed a comprehensive national  strategy for
addressing both  routine  and accidental  releases  of air  toxics.   The  strategy
includes an enhanced and  refocused  Federal  air toxics program to address  problems
that are  national  in  scope, a  new  program to  help State  and local  governments
strengthen their capabilities to deal  with air  toxics problems  within their  bound-
aries, and an  expanded  effort to devise strategies to reduce  risk from multi-media,
multi-source pollutants in specific geographic  areas.

     In 1987,  EPA will  continue a more aggressive program for  listing and regulating
toxic air pollutants under section 112 of the Clean  Air Act.  Decisions  for Federal
regulatory actions will be made for 8-12 compounds.

     EPA will  also  continue  to develop and promulgate National  Emission  Standards
for Hazardous  Air Pollutants (NESHAPs) 1n 1987.  These standards apply to  both new
and existing sources of  hazardous  air pollutants.   In 1987,  EPA will  have NESHAPs
under development for  14  hazardous  pollutants, more  than  1n  any  previous  year.
In addition, EPA will propose regulations  for  controlling toxic air emissions from
seven types of hazardous waste treatment,  storage, and disposal  facilities.   EPA's
Regional air program staff will provide  support  in  addressing  air quality problems
associated with  Superfund  sites  on the  National  Priority List and in  Issuing the
permits required by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act,

     The success of the program for reducing lead in  vehicle  fuels has  prompted the
makers of fuels to add  new components  and additives.   In  1987,  EPA will  take  active
steps to ensure that substitutes for lead do not contribute to emissions of hazardous
air pollutants  or degrade the  operation  of  motor  vehicle emission controls.  EPA
will also give high priority to technology assessments for paniculate controls for
heavy-duty diesel vehicle engines to help  ensure that  manufacturers  meet the tech-
nology forcing standards that  become  effective  starting  with the 1988  model  year.

Achieve NAAQSsNationwide

     The establishment   of NAAQSs  at  levels that  protect public health and pre-
vent other adverse  effects has  been the keystone of the  national air  quality pro-
gram.  The  need  to  revise NAAQSs is determined based on  regular assessment  of the
most accurate  and  up-to-date  scientific data  available  on  the health and  other
effects of  the  various pollutants.  In  1987,  EPA will promulgate  revised  or re-
affirmed NAAQSs  for sulfur  dioxide  and  size-specific particulate matter
EPA will also propose to revise or reaffirm'the NAAQSs for lead.
                                       A-3

-------
     EPA's strategy for  achieving the  NAAQSs  centers  on working  with  States  to
complete and enforce the State Implementation Plans  (SIPs)  required by  the  Clean
Air Act.  Although air quality has  generally improved as a  result  of the measures
in SIPs, many of the SIPs have  proven inadequate to meet  NAAQSs  by  statutory dead-
1i nes.

     The NAAQS for ozone  has  proven  the most  difficult standard to meet.   As many as
35 of the 53 large urban  areas now in violation of the standard will still not meet
the standard by  December 1987.   The affected population  of these  post-1987 non-
attainment areas could total  over 80 million.  In 1987,  EPA will  give priority to
strengthening control  of  the volatile organic compounds  (VOCs)  that contribute to
ozone formation.  EPA's ozone reduction  program for 1987 will  be based on an aggres-
sive strategy that will be completed in 1986.

     A continued  reduction   in emissions  from  motor  vehicles  will  be a  major
factor in meeting  NAAQSs, particularly the  standards  for ozone, carbon monoxide,
and nitrogen dioxide.  To help ensure that manufacturers design and produce  vehi-
cles that meet emission  standards throughout their  useful  lives, EPA will maintain
a comprehensive  Federal  compliance  program.   This  program  includes preproduction
certification of emission control  systems, selective enforcement audits at manufac-
turers' facilities, and  recalls  of Insufficiently controlled  vehicles.   In   1987,
EPA will tighten control  of  vehicle refueling and evaporative emission  losses and
of heavy-duty vehicle exhaust emissions.

     Tampering with vehicle  emission control  systems,  switching to leaded  fuels,
and failing  to   properly  maintain engines  greatly  Increase  pollutant  emissions.
Federal efforts alone cannot effectively address these problems.   EPA will continue
to work with State  and local governments to establish and maintain effective vehicle
inspection and maintenance programs and antl-tonpering/anti-fuel switching programs.

     In addition to  remedying SIPs  still  Inadequate to  meet NAAQSs and ensuring
compliance of in-use vehicles,  the  States  and EPA will carry  out a vigorous, com-
prehensive program aimed  at  achieving continuous compliance  by stationary sources,
particularly major sources  in  or affecting areas  not meeting  the health-related
NAAQSs.  The program will emphasize  implementation  of the "timely and appropriate"
guidance, the  Post-1982   Enforcement Policy,  and  guidance  defining  a  Federally
reportable violation.  In the enforcement of SIPs,  sources of VOCs  affecting  ozone
levels in areas  not meeting  standards  will  receive increased attention.  Emissions
from these sources are of concern,  not  only because  they contribute to unhealthful
ozone levels, but  also because their components  may  be hazardous to public health.

Strengthen Stateand Local Programs

     EPA will continue to support State and local air pollution control  programs by
identifying obstacles to  program effectiveness, providing direct  program assistance,
facilitating information  exchange,   and  maintaining   national  monitoring  and data
management systems.  The  National  Air Audit System,  used to  identify obstacles to
State and local   control  agency effectiveness and to help  EPA define more efficient
and meaningful   national  programs,  will  continue  on the  biennial   cycle  begun  in
1986.  During  1987,  all   State  and key  local  agencies  will  be  evaluated  using
national criteria  for  five  major  program areas:   air quality  planning,  new source
review, compliance assurance,  air quality  monitoring,  and  vehicle inspection and
maintenance.  The  results of  the  national  audit will be  used  to identify both the
problems of individual  State and local agencies and more generic national problems.

     During 1987,  State  and key  local  agencies,  with the support  of EPA Regional
Offices, will initiate the  actions  necessary to  address the  problems identified by
the 1986  audits.  Nationally,  EPA  will  use  the  results  of the  1985  and  1986
summary reports  to review and  adjust priorities and  resources  to  better support
State and local  needs  and achieve the desired environmental   results.   The Section
105 State grant  program will be included in an anticipated legislative proposal for
block grants designed to  give States more flexibility and autonomy in administering
environmental programs.
                                          A-4

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Address Acid Deposition, Stratospheric Ozone  Depletion,  and  Indoor  Air  Pollution

     In 1987, EPA will carry out an acid deposition program that includes accelerated
research and  analyses  of  policy  and  implementation issues.   The  EPA Office  of
Research and  Development  will  continue  to  develop the  scientific  and  technical
information required to respond to policy issues.  The Office  of Air and  Radiation
will insure that  research efforts are focused on policy information  needs and  will
review new  research  results  for their policy implications.   EPA  will   continue  in
1987 to identify  and  resolve  possible  implementation issues through  the State  Acid
Rain (STAR) program.

     Section 157  of the Clean  Air Act requires  EPA to issue  regulations  to  reduce
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions if the Administrator  of  EPA determines that the
emissions endanger public health and  the  environment.  In response to a suit  brought
by the Natural Resources Defense Council, EPA developed  and  adopted a comprehensive
CFC action  strategy  in  1985.  To  carry  out this strategy, EPA will  focus  during
1986 on developing a national and international consensus on the nature and magnitude
of the CFC problem.  In  1987, EPA will announce a  decision on the need for regulatory
actions to control CFCs.

     Research by  EPA  and  others  indicates  that health  risks  result   from  indoor
exposure to air pollutants, as well  as ambient exposures.  Some of the risks asso-
ciated with indoor air pollution may  be substantial.  EPA will  examine  how existing
EPA programs can  be  adjusted  to reduce total exposure to unhealthful  air quality.


Maintain Air Quality

     EPA, States,  and  local   agencies  must  protect the  gains made in  improving
environmental quality.  In 1987, EPA  will continue to develop  national, technology-
based New  Source Performance Standards  (NSPSs)  for  all  major source  categories.
Fifteen NSPSs will  be promulgated.  An  additional   four  NSPSs  will  be  proposed  or
under development.

     In 1987, EPA will  continue to give  priority to improving  the  effectiveness  of
EPA and State compliance  monitoring  inspections.   EPA will  support  application  of
the Model   Surveillance  Targeting  Program,  completed  in   1986,  to provide  more
systematic and efficient inspection  programs.  EPA  will  also  continue  to actively
promote the integration  of  continuous emissions monitoring (CEM) into  the continuous
compliance program.   During  1987,  EPA   will   complete   guidance  for  addressing
malfunctions of  control  equipment and process operations.

     In 1987, EPA  will  complete  promulgation of   SIPs to protect   visibility  in
pristine areas of those 34 States that did not  prepare their own plans.

Cpntjinue Research to Support Regulatpry Programs

     In 1987, the  Office  of  Research and Development will continue  to provide the
monitoring methods, air  quality models, health and welfare assessments,  and emission
reduction technology evaluations  required to review NAAQSs,  promulgate  NSPSs and
NESHAPs, and develop SIPs.

     Research to  determine the  atmospheric  transport,  transformation,  and fate  of
air pollutants will continue, with increased emphasis on  the formation  of toxic air
pollutants from initially  innocuous compounds.  In addition, studies will be  done  to
determine the effects of particle spiling on buildings and materials.
                                       A-5

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     The regulatory review schedule for  NAAQSs  requires  a  shift  in  emphasis  in  the
scientific assessment program.  In 1987, the  focus  will  be on oxides of nitrogen,
particulate matter, sulfur oxides, and carbon monoxide.  In line with the  Agency's
program to  regulate  and  control  potentially toxic  air  pollutants, comprehensive
health assessment documents for hazardous air pollutants  will  be  provided.

     The monitoring systems and quality  assurance program  will continue to provide
monitoring data, develop  and  validate monitoring methods  for air  pollutants,  and
provide quality  assurance support.   The emphasis  in  1987 will  be  on continued
development of  the Toxics Air Monitoring  System and  related  toxic air pollution
monitoring, and on  developing  and refining total  human exposure measurement  methods.

     Health research  on  criteria air pollutants will  continue to focus on developing
test methods, producing  dose/response data, and developing techniques to  extrapolate
animal data to humans.   In keeping with the  regulatory schedule, the emphasis will
be on the  effects  of nitrogen  dioxide and  particulate  matter.   Increased  effort
will be  directed to  ascertaining the health  effects  of toxic  air  pollutants.

     The environmental  engineering and technology program  will continue to  assess
the performance,  cost,  and   reliability  of  emission  reduction  technologies  and
provide technical assistance to Regional  Offices to  support permitting, NSPSs,  and
compliance activities.

     Research will  be enhanced on  the  potential  health  and  environmental effects of
Increased levels of ultraviolet radiation, particularly in  the wavelength  range of
approximately 290-300 namometers (UV-B radiation).   UV-B radiation  levels  increase
when stratospheric ozone  layer is  depleted.   The adverse effects of air pollution
on vegetation  will  be  studied,  as will  the effects  of particles  on  visibility.
                                        A-6

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PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
                                        AIR
           Budget    Current               Increase (+)
Actual    Estimate   Estimate   Estimate   Decrease (-)
 1985       1986       1986       1987     1987 vs. 1986
National Ambient Air
Quality Standards

Number of Pollutants
 Covered (Cumulative)	     6          6
Proposals*	     2          1
Promulgations*	»	     0          2

New Sour ce Perfprma n ce Sta nda rd s

Source Categories
 Covered (Cumulative).......     59         74
Proposals**	,.      3          6
Promulgations**	     11         12

Na.tional Emisslon Standards
for Hazai rdpu-jMr^Poltutanfs

Number of Source Categories
 Covered (Cumulative)........    27          Q
Number of Pollutants
 Covered (Cumulative)	     5          6
Proposals**..,.	     2          2
Promulgations**..............     0          3

Enforcement Actions -*Stationary Sources

Inspections.	 1,726      1,725
Notices of Violations	  247        200
Administrative Orders	  101         92
Civil Litigation	  135        167
Criminal Litigation	   13          6

Enforcement Actions -- Mobile Sources

State and Local Tampering/Fuel
Switching Programs (Cumulative), 19         32
Assembly Line Testing	,
Test Orders	 17         17
Recall Investigations	,	35         40
Notices of Violations

  0 Tampering/Fuel Switching... 645  ;      420
  0 Lead...,	   6         32
                           65
                           14
                           10
                           30

                            6
                            1
                            5
                          ,725
                          230
                          105
                          1.17
                           14
                           28

                           21
                           35
                           450
                           32
  77
   1
  15
  32

   7
   1
   2
,694
 238
 131
 121
  14
  37

  21
  20
 450
  50
+12
-13
 +5
 +2

 +1

 -3
-31
 +8
+26
 +4
 +9


-15



+18
*  Revisions or reaffirmations
** New Source categories and revisions (for example, the 5 NESHAPs promulgations in
   1986 include 3 new source categories and 2 revisions)
** Current estimates are based on revised criteria
NOTE:  All outputs are incremental except as indicated.
                                         A-7

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
AIR
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Air Quality Research....	•	 A-9
          Characterization, Transport and Fate.	 A-15
          Scient ifi c Assessment	 A-l 7
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance....	 A-l7
          Health Effects.	 A-l9
          Environmental Engineering and Technology......................... A-20
          Environmental Processes and Effects.........	,	 A-21
          Stratospher 1 c Modi fi cati on	 A-22
                                     A-6

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PROGRAM
                                                      AIR

                                             Air Quality Research
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Characterization,
Transport And Fate -
Air
  Salaries 8 Expenses           $2,690.7
  Research 3 Development        $6,384.1
                       TOTAL    $9,074.8

Scientific Assessment -
Air
  Salaries & Expenses           $3,089.7
  Research & Development        $3,072.6
                       TOTAL    $6,162.3

Honttoring Systems And  ,
Quality Assurance - Air
  Salaries 8 Expenses           $6,360.3
  Research A Development      '  $6,717.7
                       TOTAL   $i 3,078.0

Health Effects - Air
  Salaries 8 Expenses           $8,781.3
  Research & Development       $16,147.9
                       TOTAL   $23,929.2

Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Air
  Salaries /? Expenses           $3,538,8
  Research ?•. Development        $4,897.7
                       TOTAL    $8,436.5
 $2.765.6   $3,818.7
 $6,629.4   $7,847.5
 $9,395.0  $11,666.2
 $3,067.7
 $2,686.2
 $5,753.9
$3,023.3
$2,975,3
$5,998.6
 $6,321.0   $6,184.3
 $8,559.9  $12,378.7
$14,880.9  $18,563.0
 $7,497.7   $7,312.6
$14,583.4  $14,852.0
$22,081.1  $22,164.6
 $3,809.8   $3,967,1
 $4,459.5   $6,101.4
 $8,269.3  $10,068.5
             $164.3
             $337.4
             : 1501.7
-$129.9
-$127.9
-$257.8
            -$265.9
            -$532,3
            -$798.2
            -$314.4
            -$638.7
            -$953.1
            -$170.5
            -$262.4
            -$432.9
            $3,654.4   $3,753.1       $98.7
            $7,510.1   $8,170.0      $659.9
           $11,164.5  $11,923.1      $758.6
$2,893.4   $2,801.1     -$92.3
$2,847.4   $2,538.0    -$309.4
$5,740.8   $5,339.1    -$401.7
            $5,918.4   $6,695.4     $777.0
           $11,846.4  $10,702.0  -$1,144.4
           $17,764.8  $17,397.4    -$367.4
            $6,998.2   $8,204.6   $1,206.4
           $14,213.3  $10,373.0  -$3,840.3
           $21,211.5  $18,577.6  -$2,633.9
            $3,796.6
            $5,839.0
            $9,635.6
            3,940.0     $143.4
            3,514.0  -$2,325.0
            J,454.0  -$2,181.6

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                                                      AIR
                                             Air Duality Research
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Air
  Salaries A Expenses
  Research & Development
                        TOTAL
Stratospheric
Modification Program
  Salaries ft Expenses
  Research A Development
                        TOTAL
                                $1,713.ft
                                $.1,157.6
                                $4,R71.4
                                  $104.9
                                  $699.8
                                  $804.7
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$1,777.3
$3,013.?
$4,790.5
  $900.0
  $900.0
  $853.3
$1,346.6
$2,199.9
  $837.8
  $837.8
-$36.8
-$57.8
-$94.6
-$36.0
-$3fi.O
  $816.5     $668.4
$1,288.8   $1,000.0
$2,105.3   $1,668.4
  $801.8
  $801.8
$895.0
$895.0
          -$148.1
          -$288.8
          -$436.9
$93.2
$93.2
TOTAL:
  Salaries ft Expenses          $26,279.5  $25,239.1   $25,159.3
  Research » Development       $40,077.4  $40,831.6   $46,339.3
  Air Quality Research  TOTAL  $66,356.0  $66,070.7   $71,498.6
                                                                   -$1,081.8    $24,077.5   $26,062.6    $1,985.1
                                                                   -$1,992.5    $44,346.8   $37,192.0   -$7,154.8
                                                                   -$3,074.3    $68,424.3   $63,254.6   -$5,169.7
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Characterization,
Transport And Fate -
Air

Scientific Assessment -
Air

Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance - A1r

Health Effects - A1r
                                   40.0
                                   50.1
                                  107.5
                                  106.5
    44.0
    48.3
   103.1
   115.5
    55.2
    52.9
   102.2
   130.fi
            55.2



            52.9


           102.2


           130.6
             55.6



             53.7


            107.2


            118.6
               .4



               .8


              5.0


            -12.0

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                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
                    AIR

           Air Quality Research

           BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
          ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
            1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 1986
Environmental
Engineering- And
Technology - Air

Environmental Processes
And Effects - Air

Stratospheric
Modification Program

TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
 57.9
 22.9
  2.1
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

  51.5       65.3
  21.7
387.0      384.1
  7.7
            413.9
                        65,3
 7.7
                       413.9
            66.3
 7.3
             1.0
-0.4
           408.7
            -5.2
TOTAL WORKYFARS
Characterization,
Transport And Fate -
Air

Scientific Assessment -
A1r

Monitorinn Systems And
Quality Assurance - Air

Health Effects - Air

Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Air
 47.4
 58.4
115.8
  46.5
  57.6
    .7
 61.7
 56.8
118.2
61.7
61.7
120.6      132.2      130.6

 63.7       71.0       71.5
56.8
118.2
130.6
71.5
56.8
123.2
133.6
72.5

5.0
3.0
1.0

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                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
                                                      AIR

                                             Air Quality Research
           BUDGET
          ESTIMATE
            1986
           ENACTED
            1986
           BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
            BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
           REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS IN °HOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Air

Stratospheric
Modification Program
 28.8
  2.1
 27.9
 12.3
 12.3
 12.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
436.8
454.9
451.1
451.1
460.1
9.0

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                                        AIR


                                Atr Quality Research


                           Principal Outputs by Objective


1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1:   Provide  Scientific  Support  to  Develop  and  Review  Primary  and
Secondary NAAQS                    !                        '      •

o  Journal  article  on  the dosimetry  of  selected fine mode  particles  in human and
   animal lungs (Health)
o  External   review drafts  of  Air  Quality  Criteria  Document  (AQCD)   for  carbon
   monoxide and oxides of nitrogen (Sci. Assessment)

Objecti ye 2:  Prpvid^ Scientific Suppgj^ JoJ)eye1 op NSPS and SIPs

o  Users  guide  for  evaluating  complex terrain  model  for  stable  plume Impact ion
   (Charact. & Transport)
o  Report  on  reference  and  equivalent   methods   program  for  1986  (Monitoring)
Objective  3:   Provide . j^ejitjjfj^ Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous Air
Pol Tut ants'

o  Five comprehensive Health Assessment Documents (Sci. Assessment)
o  Status reports on the Baltimore and California Total Exposure Assessment Method-
   ology (TEAM) studies (Monitoring)

Objective  4:   Provide  Scientific Support to the Mobile Source Regulatory Program

o  Article on  the impact  of  ntethanol fuels  on  evaporative  emissions  (Charact. &
   Transport)
o  Status  report on  population exposure  research  activities,  including exposure
   models (Monitoring)
Objectj ye  5:   Provide  Scientif i c :  Daja^^ Det^rml nei. the  Impact of the Qua! ity of
tJ1"ob"aT"and Mi c ro-en v 1 ronment s pn""PlJbTl1c "Heal t h Irid the' En V i ronmenT                 '

o  Final  report  on  evaluation  of the effectiveness of residential  radon mitigation
   for building  code  officials, home  builders  and  homeowners  (Env. Technology)


1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1: ____ Provide  Scientific  Support  to  Develop  and  Review  Primary   and
Secondary SASQS                    '         !

o  Final AQCDs for ozone and lead  (Sci. Assessment)
o  Annual report on Inhalable Parti cul ate Network  (Monitoring)
o  Journal article on model  of  regional  uptake of 03 and NOg in  the lungs  (Health)

Objectj ye 2:,  Provide jcientific Support to Develop  NSPS and SIPs

o  Users  guide  for model  using new  dispersion  techniques  (Charact.  &  Transport)
o  Final  report  on pilot  scale cement  kiln  test  to evaluate  applications of  NOX
   control combustion modification (Env. Technology)
                                         A-13

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Objecti ye  3:   Provide Scientific Support .to Devel op Regul ati ons f or Hazardous Air
''Pollutant?   !    !    :  ~~~'

o  Six comprehensive Health Assessment Documents (Sci. Assessment}
o  Draft final  report  on residential wood  combustion  emission  laboratory measure-
   ments from Phase  I  Integrated Air Cancer Field Study  (Env. Technology)

Objective  4:   Provide  Scientific  Support to the Itobj^e Source Regulatory Program

o  Article  on the emission  rates of mutagenic  gasoline hydrocarbons  (Charact. 4
   Transport)
o  Journal article on low level effects  of CO on exercising angina patients (Health)

Objective  5:   Provide  Scientific  Data to Determine the Impact of the_Jua1jty_3iof
Global and Micro-environments  on Public Health jind the Environment

o  Report  of  multipollutant  field  survey  pilot  study  for  indoor   air  quality
   (Monitoring)
o  Peer  reviewed manual  for  homeowners  on low  cost  radon  mitigation techniques
   (Env. Technology)
o  Journal article on dose  response of wheat yield to UV-B radiation simulating 0-15%
   stratospheric ozone depletion  (Strat.  Mod.)


1985 ACTUAL  OUTPUTS
ZSSSSSSEKSSSS.SBSSSKES

Objectlyfi ;  1:   Provide  Scientific  Support  to  Develop  and  Review  Primary  and
Secondary NSSQS       '                        :

o  Final report on a five year study of air quality  (Monitoring)
o  Report on  effects of NOg  in exercising asthmatics  (Health)
Objective  2:  Provide Scientific Support  to  Develop  NSPS jn

o   Project  report and  summary:  The Evaluation of  Chemical  Mechanisms for  Photo-
    chemical Smog  (Charact.  &  Transport)
o   Final  report  on the National  Air  Pollution  Background  Network  (Monitoring)
•QbJ.ectj.ve ;.,,., j.;.,, £™y3$&-™^*nilT^.-.  Support   to   Develop  Regul ;atjons- for  Hazardous
'XirTol'Tu't'a'h't's"'  :          '          '

o   Report  on the  atmospheric reaction  products  from HAP  degradation (Charact.  &
    Transport)
o   Seventeen  comprehensive  Health  Effects Documents  (Sci.  Assessment)
o   Final  report on  source  emissions of  copper   compounds  for NESHAP development
    (Env. Technology)

Objective   4:    Provide   Scientific Support to the Mobile  Source  Regulatory Program

o   Journal  article on  real  time  measurements for  CO  characterization  of  in-use
    three-way  catalyst vehicles  (Charact. & Transport)
o   Journal  article on  "Measuring  Human  Exposure  to  Carbon Monoxide in Washington,
    D.C., and  Denver, Colorado."   (Monitoring)

Objective   5;    Provide   Scientific  Data to Determine the Impact  of the Quality of
G1 obat  an₯^^crd-envi ronments on  Publ i c  Health and the Envi rbnment

o   Proceedings  of  workshop  on state of the art emission  characterization for Indoor
    Air  Quality  Committee  (Env.  Technology)
o   Journal  article  on   the  response   of estuarine  diatom  assemblages   to  UV-B
    radiation  (Strat. Mod.)
                                         A-14

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                                        AIR


                                A1r Quality Research
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of  $63,254,600  supported  by 460.1 total  workyears
for 1987, a  decrease  of  $5,169,700 and  an  increase  of  9.0 total  workyears  from
1986.  Of the request, $26,062,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and  $37,192,000 will  be  for the  Research  and Development  appropriation,  an
increase of $1,985,100 and a decrease of $7,154,800, respectively.

Program Descri pt i on

     This research  program provides  the technical  support  needed  to  issue  and
enforce regulations  implementing  the Clean Air  Act,  including  national  standards
for "criteria" pollutants  and  for hazardous  air pollutants (HAPs)  from  a  variety
of sources*  The following objectives support these efforts:

     Object le  1.   Provide Scientific Support to Develop and Review  Primary  and
                  This research program provides  the scientific data  needed to issue
         _
₯rid rev! se national standards for emissions of criteria pollutants.

     Objective 2.   Provide Scientific Support to Develop ItSPS and SIPs.   This re-
sea rcFs!fpp7rrTs'"TsTu₯n^                                                     (NSPS)
and State  Implementation Plans  (SIPs) through development of  models  and monitoring
techniques for  air pollutants  and  engineering  studies  of  control  technologies.

     Objective 3.   Provide Scientific Support to Develop Regulations for Hazardous
Air PjoTTutants.  Under this objective EPA conducts research to Identify and control
emissions of air  pollutants  from a variety of sources  that are hazardous to human
health but not already regulated as criteria pollutants.

     Objective  4.   Provide  Scientific  Support  for the Mobile Source Regulatory
Program.  This  research  evaluates  the health  effects of, and monitoring techniques
Wr, air pollutant emissions from mobile sources.

     Objective  5.   Provide Scientific Data to Determine the Impact of the Quality
of Global and Micro-envi ronments on Public Health. and the Envij'gnment.   This  'pro-
gram supports research on global envi ronmentll" proljlems such as atmospheric changes
and the  effects  of ultraviolet  radiation.   Indoor  air research  is  also  conducted
under this objective.


CHARACTERIZATION, TRANSPORT AND FATE

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of  $11,923,100 Supported  by 61.7 total  workyears
for this program,  of which  $3,753,100 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $8,170,000  will  be for  the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $98,700 and  $659,900, respectively, and  no change
in total workyears.  The  increase in  Salaries  and  Expenses  reflects adjustments
to the  1986  base  as part of  government-wide deficit  reductions.   The increase in
Research and  Development reflects  increased emphasis  on  hazardous  air pollution
research.
                                         A-15

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     Provide Scientific Support ,_tp_ .-^v6iop_.,^4.J^yj^^rlj|g|XAnj  Secondary NAAQS.
Research will be conducted to assess th^fnfTuence W partTcle site and composition
on soiling and  visibility.   A two-year study of  the influence of  fine  and coarse
mode particle soiling on glass and paint will  be completed.  Research to assess the
sources of visibility  impairment will  continue,  and  field  studies will  continue
to be conducted  to  determine the contribution  of various types of  fine particles
to visibility reduction, and to identify the sources of these particles.
     Provi de Sci enti f 1 c Support to lievel op I^P| and SIPs .    A variety of models are
being devel oped to  supisbrt NSPS  arid  SIPs.  Models  to  predict chemical  and physical
reactions in the  atmosphere  are  being  developed  at the  urban  and  regional  scale
and for complex terrain to support development  of  effective  control  strategies for
SIPs.  Studies to  adapt  03 regional   scale  models  for  use  1n secondary  standards
will be conducted.   A regional  fine  parti culate/inhalable  particulate model  will
be developed.

     Provide Scientific Support  to  Develop  Regulations   for Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants'!  With the  use  of specially designed  smog   chambers,  research will  be  con-
ducted to determine pollutant  lifetimes  and their atmospheric transformation  pro-
ducts to support the Agency's air toxics strategy.   Also,  studies will  be conducted
to characterize evaporative and exhaust emissions  from mobile sources.  New studies
will be initiated  to  determine  the  extent  to  which  hazardous  air  pollutants  are
produced in the ambient air  from pollutants that were originally less harmful.  As
part of the Integrated A1r Cancer Program (IACP),  studies  will  be done to determine
the carcinogenic  and  mutagenic  potential  of air sheds  containing wood  combustion
emissions.  Field  studies  will  be undertaken  to  measure human  exposures  to toxic
air pollutants.   In  addition,  technical  assistance  to the  Regions  and  States  on
air toxics problems will  be expanded.

     Provide Scientific Support to the Mobile Source Jtegul at ory Program.   Research
on t he i mpa ct  of  1 bw amb 1 e nt t empe r at' u re o h the emi s s ion "rates  of  air pollutants
from light duty  motor vehicles  will  continue.  The  effects on  evaporative emis-
sions of  alternative  fuels  and  different  fuel  compositions during vehicle  re-
fueling will   be studied.  Research  to evaluate the  Impact  of  heavy  duty diesel
particulate control devices  on  emission  rates and  chemical  composition  will  be
initiated.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency   is allocating  a total of $11,164,500  supported  by  61.7
total workyears for  this   program,  of which  $3,654,400 is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $7,510,100 is  from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.

     In 1986 the  program   reflects  increased  emphasis  on  HAPs.   A  report is  in
preparation on the identification, screening, and  measurement of HAP concentrations
in ambient air.   An  article  is in  progress  on the  recommended parameters to  be
used in visibility  models.  Improved 03  chemistry mechanisms are  being developed
for Incorporation into air quality simulation models.


198 5 Ac comp 1 1 s hme n't s

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total   of $9,074,800 supported  by 47.4 total
workyears for this program, of  which  $2,690,700 was  from  the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,384,100 was from the  Research and Development appropriation.

     In 1985,  improved 03  and  NOg chemical  mechanisms  for  urban  scale 03 modeling
were developed.  Also, a report  was  published  on the  atmospheric reaction products
from HAP degradation.
                                       A-16

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SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT

1987Budget Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of  $5,339,100  supported by  56.8  total  workyears
for this program, of which  $2,801,100 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $2,538,000  will  be  for  the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease  of  $92,300 and  $309,400,  respectively,  and  no change in
total workyears.   These   reductions  reflect  the  Agency's  success in  diminishing
the backlog of Health Assessment Documents.

     Provide Scienti f1c Support  to peyelop and Reyiew Priinary and Secondary NAAQS.
puri- ng 198?,  external  review draft air "quality  criteria documents (AQCD)  will  be
published for  oxides  of   nitrogen and carbon monoxide.   Following  promulgation  of
the NAAQS, the Agency  will  also  begin  to assess the  health and  welfare  effects
data that have become available since the  last  revision of the AQCD on particulate
matter and sulfur  oxides.   In  addition, technical analyses  will  be  prepared  for
the Office  of Air  and  Radiation  to  support their  proposal  and  promulgation  of
revised NAAQS  for lead and ozone.

     Provide Scientific Support  to  Develop Regulations  for  Hazardous AirPollu-
tants"Fivecomprehensive  healthassessment documentsln"3eight TierIHealth
'Effects Summaries will be completed  in accordance with the Agency regulatory sche-
dule.  Eight additional  Tier I documents will be initiated.  In addition, toxic air
pollution assessments for mobile  sources   emissions  and technical assessments  in
support of State and regional air  toxics problems will be provided.


1986^Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of  $5,740,800  supported  by  56.8
total workyears  for  this  program,  of which  $2,893,400  is  from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $2,847,400 1s from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.

     In 1986, the final  AQCDs for lead and  ozone are being prepared.  Fourteen Tier
I documents are in  the process  of being completed and eight more are being Initiated.
In addition,  six  comprehensive health  assessment  documents or  external  review
drafts are expected to be  completed.


1985 Accomp11shment s

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated  a total  of  $6,162,300 supported by 58.4 total
workyears for this program,  of  which  $3,089,700  was  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation  and $3,072,600  was  from the  Research  and Development appropriation.

     During 1985, the first  external  review draft (ERD)  of the AQCD for ozone  was
modified to respond to comments by the Science Advisory Board and the second ERD of
the lead AQCD was published.  Four Tier I documents and seventeen health assessment
documents were provided.  Work progressed on fourteen Tier I summaries.


MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

1987BudgetRequest

     The Agency requests  a total of $17,397,400  supported by 123.2 total  workyears
for this program, of which  $6,695,400 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $10,702,000  will  be for the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents an increase  of $777,000 and a decrease of $1,144,400,  respectively,
and an increase  of  5.0 total  workyears.  The increase in Salaries and  Expenses and
total workyears reflects  greater  emphasis  oh Total  Exposure Assessment Methodology
(TEAM) and hazardous air pollution research,  both  of  which are conducted in-house.
                                       A-17

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The decrease  in  Research and  Development  reflects the  fact  that research over  a
number of years  has  resulted  in a considerable  body  of knowledge on  criteria  air
pollutants, enabling the Agency  to  reduce the overall  level  of  resources  in  this
area.  However,  EPA  will continue  to perform the  research  necessary to  review  and
revise the ambient air quality standards.

     Provide^  Scientific Support to Develop and Review Primary and Secondary NAAQS.
ExistTng "air*  monifonng  systems  will  be  evaluated,  improved,  and  standardized,
with emphasis  on non-methane  organic compounds  (NMOCs)  and fine  particulates.   In
1987, an  automated  cryogenic  NMOC  monitor  will  be  field  tested.  Research  will
also be  performed to  develop methods  for  measuring  human  exposure  to  criteria
pollutants.

     Pro vide Sc1 ent i f i c Suppo rt to Develop NSPS.and SI Ps.   The precision and  accu-
racy of  monitoring  methods  for measuring  criteria  air pollutant emissions  from
stationary sources  will  be  evaluated and improved.   Emphasis will  be placed  on
developing a  sampling method  for PM-10,  Reference and  equivalent methods  will  be
prepared as appropriate.  Quality assurance support will be provided.

     Provide Scientific  Support  to Develop  Regulations  for Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants .  Research to  develop,  evaluate and  standardize monitoring  systems  for  pot-
entially hazardous air  pollutants  will  be accelerated.  Ambient  methods   such  as
combined mass spectrometry  and supercritical  fluid chromatography will  be evaluated.
Additional technical assistance  will be provided  to  the Regions and  States.   The
TEAM will be utilized in  the field to assess the human exposures to toxic air pollu-
tants.  As part  of  the  IACP,  emission rates  of  carcinogenic  and  tracer substances
will be assessed.

     frovide_x_Scient^fic  Support to the Mobi 1e Source Regu1atory Program.   Evalua-
tion W datl  col 1 e ct ed i n pr e vi ous  f i el d st udTes meas uri n g popu 1 at i on  expos u res to
mobile source  pollutants will  continue.  Using  these  data  as  reference  Inputs,
improvements will  be made to existing  human exposure  models.   Emphasis   will  be
placed on the  sensitivity of these  models  to changes  in input parameters and  their
resulting accuracy.

     Provide Scientific Data  to  Determine the Impact of theQuality of Global  and
Micro-environments  on Public Health and  the  Environment.MonrtorWg" techniques
will be  utilized in field studies  to measure human  exposure to major  indoor  air
pollutants such  as  radon, N02,  inhalable particulates, and VOCs.  Predictive  expo-
sure models  will  be constructed and evaluated.   Emissions from  indoor combustion
sources, construction  materials and  consumer products  will  be  characterized  so
that predictive  models of indoor air concentrations of  the emitted  substances  can
be developed.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating  a  total  of $17,764,800 supported  by  118.2
total workyears  for  this program,  of  which  $5,918,400 is  from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation  and  $11,846,400  is  from  the  Research  and   Development
appropriation.

     In 1986,  the  program is  aimed at the  completion of reports  on the inhalable
particulate network,  evaluation  of  PM-10  regulatory  impacts  and  PM-10  systems
evaluations, and  an  interim  report on the  status  of the  visibility  network.
Research on  passive HAP  monitors  is  being  expanded.   The  fuels  and  additives
registry is  being  continued.   Audits of the  State and Local  Air Monitoring Systems
(SLAMS) network  are being performed and  efforts  are   being  made to   improve  the
accuracy of human exposure models.
                                        A-18

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1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $13,078,000 supported by 115.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $6,360,300  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,717,700  was  from the  Research  and Development appropriation.

     A final report  was submitted  on  the  validation  of a manual  test  method  for
determination of CO  emissions.  The results of the five-year air quality study by
the Stanford .Institute  of Mathematics and  Statistics were published.   Five tech-
niques for  monitoring  hard-to-quantify toxic  chemicals were evaluated.  Articles
were published on  the  Denver  and Washington, D.C.  human exposure  field studies.


HEALTH EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $18,577,600  supported by 133.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $8,204,600  will  be for the Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation and $10,373,000  will  be for  the Research  and  Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $1,206,400 and a decrease of $3,840,300, respectively,
and an Increase of  3.0  total  workyears.   The increase in Salaries and Expenses and
workyears reflects enhanced support for  the in-house research program and the ini-
tiation of  studies  on  indoor  air  and air  toxics.   The decrease  in  Research  and
Development is due primarily to a reduction of EPA  funding  for extramural  studies
on the health  effects  of criteria  pollutants and mobile -source emissions.  These
studies have  been  conducted  for  a number  of years  and have  yielded  sufficient
information to support NAAQS and mobile source standards.

     Provide Scientific Support  toDevelop and Review PrimaryandSecondary NAAOS.
T0 support the timely revision of criteria  documents,human andanimalstudieswill
be conducted to assess  the effects  of  both  acute and chronic exposures to criteria
pollutants.  Research will  continue on models of  respiratory tract deposition and
pollutant uptake to  enhance the development of extrapolation models.  Studies will
continue on  the  respiratory, biochemical,  and immunologlcal effects  of 03,  S02»
and particles.  The  neurobehavioral effects of CO will also be studied.   Additional
epidemiological studies  will  be  performed  to  assess the  effects  of  exposure to
coal and wood smoke.

     Provide  Scientif 1 c  Support   to Develop Regulatijyis for  Hazardous  Air Pollu-
tants.  In  accordance with the  Agency's  Air Toxics Strategy, b'i61 ogTcaT test meth-
ods will  continue  to be developed  to  more  rapidly  identify  those airborne toxics
with the greatest potential health  risks.  Dose-response studies will  be conducted
to assess  the  genetic,  neurologic,   pulmonary,   physiological,   carcinogenic  and
mutagenic effects  of exposure to potentially  hazardous  air pollutants.  Increased
emphasis will be  placed on the effects  of  acute exposures.  As  part  of the IACP,
human exposure to atmospheric carcinogens will  be evaluated.   In  addition, genotoxic
tier bioassays will  be  expanded so  that the mutagenic, carcinogenic  and teratogenlc
effects of  vapor  phase  mixtures  can  be assessed.   Technical   assistance  for the
Regions and States on air toxics  problems will be expanded.

     Provide Scient1.f1 c Data to petermine the  Impact of  the  Qua! i ty of   61 obal and
Mjcrc-environments on Pub!ic Health and tjie Environment.  In conjunction with field
stulles conducted on major  Indoor air pollutants, the physiological and biological
changes associated  with exposure to these indoor  pollutants  will be  evaluated.

1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating  a total  of $21,211,500  supported by 130.6
total workyears for  this program,  of which $6,998,200  is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation  and $14,213,300 is from the Research and  Development appro-
priation.
                                        A-19

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     The 1986 program  reflects a  reduction  in the  need  for mobile  source  health
effects studies.  Resources are being  shifted in 1986 from  mobile  source  research
to give increased emphasis to  determining the  health effects associated  with toxic
air pollutants and other non-criteria compounds.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $23,929,200  supported by 120,6 total
workyears for this program, of which $8,781,300  was  from the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $15,147,900 was  from the Research  and  Development appropriation.

     Two clinical studies  of  pulmonary  and immunological effects of  oxidants  were
completed that corroborate previous findings  in  animals.   Epidemiology and toxico*-
logy studies of lead were completed,  indicating that  lead can cause  neurobehavioral
effects at much lower levels  than previously  expected.


ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a total  of $7,454,000  supported  by 72.5  total workyears
for this program, of which $3,940,000 will be for the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appro-
priation and  $3,514,000  will   be  for the  Research  and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase of $143,400 and a decrease  of $2,325,000, respectively,
and 'an  increase  of  1.0 total workyear.  The  increase  in  Salaries  and  Expenses
and workyears  reflects  enhanced   support for  the  in-house research  program.   The
reduction in Research and  Development  reflects a decreased  need  for  control  tech-
nology and engineering research on criteria  pollutants,  resulting from the comple-
tion of EPA studies supported in  prior years.

     Provide Scientific Support toDevelop NSPSand SIPs.   To assist in  regulating
criteria air pollutants,engineering  researchwill   continue  to  characterize emis-
sion sources, and evaluate the cost-effectiveness, reliability and  performance  of
controls.  Within  the  criteria   research program   for  environmental  technology,
emphasis will shift from nitrogen  oxides to  research on  ozone precursor  formation,
such as  VOCs.   Evaluations  of generic  control  technology  and  industry-specific
studies will be conducted  on  VOC  emissions.   NOX research  will  evaluate  the  appli-
cability of  combustion  modification  techniques to industrial and utility  boilers.
Development wil1  continue  on an  interactive  electrostatic precipitator model  for
use in controlling particulate matter.   For SOX, pilot tests  of  conventional  spray
drying for utility and industrial  boilers-will continue.

     Provi'de  Scientific  Support  to  Develop Regulations  for Hazardous  Air Pollu-
tants"Efforts toevaluate generic  and  industry-specificcontrol technologies  for
high priority sources of potentially hazardous air pollutants will continue.   Eval-
uations of wood  stove  catalytic  converters will be  continued.   In  accordance with
the Agency's  air  toxics  strategy, increased  emphasis  will  be placed  on assessing
the performance  of  control  technologies  during periodic upsets, malfunctions  and
process changes.  Additional   technical  assistance  will be  provided  to the Regions
and States on  air toxics problems.  In  support of the  IACP, engineering  research
will be  continued  on  the development  and  assessment  of  methods  for measuring
emissions from wood combustion.

     Provide Scientific Da^ta  to  Determine theImpact of  the Quality of  Globaland
Micro-environments on Public  Healthandthe Environment.As  part  ofthe  Agency's
National Radon Mitigation.Strategy,techniques developed  in 1986 will  be further
tested and  refined  in  1987.   An  evaluation  of emissions  from  indoor  combustion
sources and  construction materials  will be  continued to  assess indoor  air  con-
centrations of these emitted  substances.
                                        A-20

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total  of $9,635,600 supported by 71.5 total
workyears for this  program,  of which $3,796,600 is  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and  $5,839,000 is from  the Research  and  Development appropriation.
The 1986 program  includes  the initiation  of  a national  radon  mitigation strategy
and expansion of the Agency's air toxics program.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of $8,436,500  supported  by 63.7 total
workyears for this program,  of  which  $3,538,800  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and  $4,897,700 was from the  Research  and  Development appropriation.

     Pilot scale  testing   with   fuel  oil  resulted  in  using reburning techniques
for up to a  75%  reduction  in NOX levels.   An  analysis of  HAP emission  sources was
conducted for the  Office  of  Air and Radiation.   Phase  I   of the  radon mitigation
program in the Reading Prong  was completed, with radon reduction averaging 80% and
above in several  homes.


              PROCESSES .AND. EFFECTS
1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $1,668,400  supported by  12.3  total  workyears
for this program,  of which $668,400  will  be for the  Salaries  and  Expenses appro-
priation and  $1,000,000  will  be  for  the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $148,100 and $288,800, respectively, and no change in
total workyears.   These  reductions reflect  the  completion  of earlier  studies on
criteria air  pollutants,   resulting  in  a  reduced  need  for  research  to  support
revisions to national air quality standards.

     Provide Scientific Support to  Develop and Review Primary and Secondary NAAQS.
To support the review of secondary standards for ozone, research is being cohduicted
to assess the  importance  of Interactions between varying  soil  moisture  levels and
•03 exposure  fluctuations  on growth and  yield  responses  in major  crops.  Research
to determine the effects of 03  on  crops  as influenced  by soil  moisture stress will
continue at  several  geographical  sites,  and the  results will be  incorporated in
the economic assessment crop loss models.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating  a total  of $2,105,300 supported  by 12.3
total workyears  for this  program, of  which  $816,500  is from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $1,288,800 is from the  Research  and Development appro-
priation.

     In 1986,  data  collection  is  being  completed and  statistical  analysis  is
being initiated for the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN).


1985 Accomp 1 1 shments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of $4,871,400 supported  by  28.8 total
workyears for this program, of  which  $1,713,800  was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and  $3,157,600  was  from the Research and Development appropriation.

     In 1985, the Annual  Report on NCLAN activities was prepared.
                                         A-21

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STRATOSPHERIC MODIFICATION

1987 J>rpgranL Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $895,000  for  this program,  all  of which  is
for the  Research and Development  appropriation.   This  represents  an increase  of
$93,200 in  Research  and  Development funds,  reflecting an  Increased emphasis  on
research pertaining  to  the  effects  of  UV-B  radiation on  health  and  welfare.

     Provide Scientific Data to  Determine the Impact of  the Quality of Global  and
Hicro-environnientgon Public Health and the Environment.  In response to  increased
emphasis on theglobal  impacts of pollution, efforts to assess the health and envi-
ronmental effects of UV-B  radiation  will  be continued.  Studies  will be  conducted
to better quantify UV-B effects on marine and terrestrial ecosystem components after
completion of similar studies on several major crops.  Work  will  continue on health
effects and  on  various  control  approaches  for use in potential  regulatory actions.


1986 Program

      In"1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of  $801,800  for  this  program,
all of which is from the Research and Development appropriation.

      Studies are being  initiated to  determine the effects  of  UV-B radiation  on
human health and  welfare,  with emphasis on  the effect of UV-B on  wheat  and other
crops.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated  a  total of  $804,700 supported  by  2.1 total
workyears for this program,  of which  $104,900  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $699,800 was  from the  Research  and  Development appropriation.

     A journal  article  was published  on  the response  of estuarine  diatom assem-
blages to UV-B radiation.
                                         A-22

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
AIR
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards	A-24
          Emission Standards & Technology Assessment......	 A-27
          Pollutant Strategies & Air Standards Development........	 A-28
          State Program Policy Guidelines & Regulations Development........ A-29
       Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy	 A-31
          Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization...... A-33
          Testing, Technical & Administrative Support	 A-34
          Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance	 A-35
       State Programs Resource Assistance	 A-37
          Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants)..... A-39
          Training	 A-41
       Air Quality Management Implementation............	.	 A-43
       Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment	 A-48
          Ambient Air Quality Monitoring	 A-50
          Air Quality & Emissions Data Management & Analysis	 A-52
                                      A-23

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                PROGRAM
                                                                       AIR

                                             Air Duality % Stationary  Source  Planning R Standards
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                                  (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
r\j
*»
                Emission Standards *
                Technology Assessment
                  Salaries * Expenses
                  Abatement Control and
                  Compliance
                                $4,69(1.1
                                $7,279.1

                        TOTAL  $11,919.2
Pollutant Strategies *
Air Standards
Development
  Salarips £ Expenses
  Abatement (iOntrol and
  Compl rands
                                        TOTAL
State Program Policy
Guideli.nns ^
Regulations development
  Salaries S Expenses
  Ahatempnt Control and
  Compliance
                        TOTAL

TOTAL:
  Salarips * Expenses
  Ahatempnt Control and
  ComplIP nee

  Air Qiwlity ?<         TOTAL
  Stationary Source
  Planning «< Standards
$2,824.4

$6,688.5
                                                   S423.6
                                                $10,741.2
                                                $10,477.1
                    I    $5,898.1
            $7,597.3   $10,797.3
                        -$253.5    $5,644.6   $5,101.5     -$543.1
                        -$464.3   $10,333.0   $8,243.3   -$2S089.7
                                                                        $16,695.4     -$717.8   $15,977.6  $13,344.8   -$2,632.8
      »    $5,610.9     -$241.4    $I»,369.5   $4,164.4   -$1820S.1
'., 377.0    $?,3/7.H     -.UU2.2    t2,2/4.8   $3,107.11      $832. ?

5,306.0    $7,987.9     -$343.6    $7,644.3   $7,271.4     -$372.9
            $2,265.4    $2,265.4
              $524.5      $524.5
                         -$97.5    $2,167.9   $2,265.4       $97.5
                         -$22.5      $502.0     $505.7        $3.7
                                                             $2,7«9.9    $2,789.9     -$120.0    $2,669.9   $2,771.1      $101.2
           $10,818.8   $13,774.4
           $10,498.8   $13,698.8
                        -$592.4   $13,182.0  $11,531.3   -$1,650.7
                        -$589.0   $13,109.8  $11,856,0   -$1,253.8
                                               *?1,2W.3    $21,317.6    $27,473.2   -Jl.lRl.4   $26,291.R  $23,3R7.3   -$2S904.5

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                                                      AIR

                             Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning  8  Standards

PERMANENT WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Emission Standards ft
Technology Assessment

Pollutant Strategies *
Air Standards
Development

State Program Policy
Guidelines &
Regulations Development

TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
 94.2
 74.6
 44.6
89.7
81.8
40.1
213.4      Z1U6
128.7
 98.8
 40.1
           267.6
128.7
 98.8
 40.1
98,7
87.8
40.1
-30.0
-11.0
                        267.6      226.6
                       -41.0
TOTAL WOP.KYEARS
Emission Standards *
Technology Assessment

Pollutant Strategies fi
A1r Standards
Development

State Program Policy
Guidelines &
Regulations development
 98.9
 80.3
 47.6
96.5
85.4
45.9
135.5
102.4
 45.9
135.5      105.5
102.4
 45.9
91.4
45.9
                                                                       -30.0
                                                                       -11.0
TOTAL HORKYEARS
226.8      227.8
           283.8
                                                                                  283.8      242.8
                                               -41.0

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                                        AIR


              Air Quality and Stationary Source Planning and Standards


Budget^ Request

     The Agency requests a total of $23,387,300  supported  by 242.8  total  workyears
for 1987, a  decrease of  $2,904,500  and 41.0  total  workyears  from 1986.  Of  the
request, $11,531,300  will  be   for  the  Salaries and   Expenses  appropriation  and
$11,856,000 will  be  for the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  appropriation,  de-
creases of $1,650,700 and $1,253,800, respectively.

Program. Description

     The program areas under this subactlvity Include:

     Em1ssi on Standards and Tecjinology Assessment — This  program provides  for  the
establishment, review, andrevision  of national  emission  standards  for stationary
sources under Sections 111 and  112 of the  Clean  Air Act.   Section 111 requires  EPA
to establish  New   Source  Performance  Standards  (NSPSs).   Section   112  authorizes
National Emission Standards for Hazardous A1r Pollutants {NESHAPs).

     NSPSs reflect the  performance of  the  best control systems  for reducing  mis-
sions.  The standards are  set  taking Into  consideration technical  feasibility,  and
cost, as  well as  economic,  energy,  and  environmental impacts.   The  background
Information published as  part  of  the  process  for setting  NSPSs  provides  useful
data to  State agencies  in defining  best  available control  technology,  when  such
determinations of appropriate  control  levels must  be  made under other  sections of
the Clean Air Act.

     NESHAPs protect  the  public from  pollutants  that   cause  or contribute to  air
pollution that results  1n  an   increase  In  mortality   or  an  increase  in  serious
illness.

     Pol1utant Strategles and Air Standards Development —  The major activities  of
this program  include;   (T]  regular  revlew  and  revfsi on, as  appropriate, of  all
existing National   Ambient  Air  Quality  Standards  (NAAQSs); (2)  Identification  and
assessment of potential  hazardous air pollutants, Including the determination  as to
the appropriateness  of  a  listing under  Section  112 of the Clean Air Act;  and  (3)
the overall  coordination,  development,  and  review  of   air policies  and  strategies
including work on  emerging  issues  such as acid  deposition and stratospheric  ozone
depletion.

     StateProgram  PolicyGuidelines  andRegulations   Development  — This program
incluies?(I) dareTopmentof   guidelinesandregulations  that set  forth require-
ments for air pollution control  programs implemented by the  States  under the  Clean
Air Act; and  (2) overview  of the development and implementation  of  State and  local
air pollution  control  programs.   The  State and  local programs provide for  the
attainment and maintenance  of  NAAQSs,  prevention  of   significant deterioration  of
air quality  in clean  areas,  and the protection of  visibility in national parks  and
wilderness areas.   The  overview carried out  under this program helps  ensure  con-
sistency among EPA Regional  Offices,  States,  and local agencies  In carrying  out
the requirements of the Clean Air Act.
                                         A-26

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EMISSION STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $13,344,800 supported  by 105.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,101,500 will  be  for the  Salaries  and Expenses  appro-
priation and $8,243,300 will  be for the  Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appropri-
ation.  This represents decreases of $543,100 and $2,089,700, respectively,  and 30.0
total workyears.  These  decreases  reflect  anticipated completion of a  one year
effort in FY 1986 to accelerate the NSPS process.

     The major program emphasis in 1987  will be reducing emissions from sources  of
hazardous air pollutants.  This includes source assessments to  support  section  112
listing decisions for  potentially hazardous pollutants and development of  NESHAPs.
During 1987, NESHAPs promulgations include  two new NESHAPs for benzene (coke oven
by-product plants)  and  coke  oven  emissions  (wet  charging and  topside leaks).   A
revised standard for asbestos  (demolition  and  renovation)  will  be proposed.  Con-
tinued NESHAPs  work  includes  further  development  of new  standards  for sources  of
chromium, cadmium,  butadiene,  carbon tetrachloride,   perchloroethylene, methylene
chloride, chloroform,  ethylene  oxide,  ethylene dichloride, trichloroethylene,  and
three new hazardous  air  pollutants  for  which decisions are expected  in 1986.   The
program will also continue to  provide  implementation support to States as part  of
the Agency's air toxics  strategy whereby decisions  on  the control  of  selected  air
pollutants will be  made  by  individual  States  rather than  through Federal  NESHAPs.

     In 1987, efforts  are  continuing  to complete  NSPSs  for  all source categories
required by the Clean Air Act.  Promulgations  of 15 NSPSs  (12 new  standards; three
revisions) covering  12  additional  priority list source categories are  scheduled in
1987.  One  new  NSPS is scheduled  for proposal.  Developmental  work  will  continue
on three NSPSs.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total of  $15,977,600  supported  by 135.5
total workyears to  this   program,  of   which $5,644,600  is from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses  appropriation   and   $10,333,000  is   from   the   Abatement,  Control  and
Compliance appropriation.

     In 1986,  NSPS   development  is continuing.   Proposals for 14  NSPSs  (12  new
standards; two  revisions)  and   promulgation  of 10 NSPSs  (six  new standards;  four
revisions) are  scheduled for  1986 covering  six  additional  priority list  source
categories.  In addition, three NSPS  reviews are  being completed.   Other  activity
includes the  completion  of  auto  surface  coating  and  size-specific  particulate
matter (PM^Q) assessments and  two Control Technology  Documents  (lead  and  volatile
organic compounds) and work on the remaining NSPS source  categories on the  priority
list.

     Proposal of  one  NESHAP  for  coke  oven emissions (wet  charging  and topside
leaks) is  scheduled in 1986.    Five  NESHAPs, one  for  arsenic glass  manufacturing,
one for  low arsenic feedstock  copper  smelters,  one  for  high arsenic  feedstock
copper smelters, and revisions to the  NESHAPs for  vinyl   chloride and  mercury  are
scheduled for  promulgation.    Source  assessments  for  several  compounds  are  also
being completed to  support listing decisions in 1986.  Ongoing  NESHAPs development
includes standards  for  sources of  chromium,  asbestos,   benzene (coke  by-product
plants), cadmium,   butadiene,  carbon  tetrachloride,  perchloroethylene,   ethylene
oxide, ethylene dichloride, trichloroethylene, methylene  chloride, and chloroform.
The program  will  also  provide  implementation support  to States  to ensure  adequate
control of selected  toxic air pollutants/source categories.
                                         A-27

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1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $11,919,200  supported  by  98.9 total
workyears, of which  $4,690,100  was  from the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation
and $7,229,100 was  from  the Abatement, Control and Compliance  appropriation.   The
contract resources were used to continue work related  to setting NSPSs and NESHAPs.

     In 1985, work continued on setting NSPSs for source categories on EPA's priority
list.  NSPS activity included:   proposal  of three NSPS  revisions;  promulgation  of
six new standards  covering six additional priority list source categories; revisions
to five NSPSs; and completion  of three reviews of existing  NSPSs.   Also, a Control
Technique Guideline was completed for air oxidation.

     Work continued toward  promulgation  of  NESHAPs for  three sources of arsenic.
Work also continued  on NESHAPs  proposals  including  coke  ovens (wet  charging  and
topside leaks),  and revision to the NESHAPs  for asbestos demolition and renovation.
Revisions to the  NESHAPs for  mercury and  vinyl  chloride  were proposed  in  1985.
Other NESHAPs activity  included  continuing  standard  development  work  on  benzene
(coke by-product plants), and new work on cadmium, chromium,  butadiene,  and carbon
tetrachloride.  In addition,  source assessments   for  five chemical compounds  were
completed.


POLLUTANT STRATEGIES AND AIR STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total of  $7,271,400  supported by 91.4  total  workyears
for this program, of which  $4,164,400  will  be for the Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,107,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropri-
ation.  This represents a  decrease of  $1,205,100 and an increase of $832,200 respec-
tively, and  a  decrease  of  11.0  total  workyears.  The  additional  contract  funds
will provide  for  guidance  documents   and workshops  in  support of the  State  air
toxics programs.  The  decreases   reflect a  more  streamlined  approach to providing
direct Federal  support to State and local agencies.

     Promulgation of a revised participate matter NAAQS is planned for 1987.  Also,
in 1987, a NAAQS revision or reaffirmation for lead is planned to be proposed and a
revised  or  reaffirmed NAAQS  for  sulfur  dioxide 1s expected  to  be promulgated.
The development  of regulatory  impact  analyses for ozone  will be  completed and the
development of a fine particle secondary NAAQS will be underway.  The next round of
reviews for carbon monoxide and  nitrogen dioxide  will  begin.   Regulatory decisions
will be made  for 8-12 potential  hazardous  pollutants.   Involvement  in  air toxics
activities will  continue.  This  includes support  for  the  implementation  of  the
National Air Toxics Strategy, operation  of  the Air Toxics Clearinghouse to support
State programs,  conducting workshops,  providing information on health, exposure and
risk assessment,  and  support to  ensure adequate  control  of  localized  air toxics
problems that may not be suitable for a national  regulatory program.  Other activi-
ties include (1) continued  analyses  of acid rain policy and implementation Issues;
and (2) decisions on the  actions needed to control chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)  emis-
sions.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating a total  of  $7,644,300  supported  by  102.4
total workyears  for this  program.   Of  this  amount, $5,369,500 is  from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and  $2,274,800 is  from  the Abatement, Control  and Compli-
ance appropriation.
                                         A-28

-------
     Revision or reaffirmation  of the NAAQS for  sulfur dioxide is expected to  be
proposed in 1986.  Reviews of the NAAQS for particulate matter, lead,  and  ozone are
underway.  Pollutant  assessment  activities are to  result in  regulatory  decisions
for 13  substances.   Work is continuing  on a number of other  pollutants  scheduled
for regulatory decisions in  1987.   Other activities include: implementation  of the
Air Toxics Clearinghouse;  health, exposure, risk,  and source  prioritization  sup-
port for the  NESHAPs  program;  a report on nationally  important  candidates  for the
direct Federal regulatory  program;  and  support  to State and local programs  on  air
toxics problems.

     Work is continuing on  acid rain policy and implementation issues and exploration
of the magnitude of the CFC problem.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $6,688,500 supported  by 80.3 total
workyears, of  which  $3,864,100  was  from  the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation
and $2,824,400  was  from the  Abatement,  Control,   and  Compliance  appropriation.

     Reviews of the NAAQSs  for carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide were promulgated
in 1985 and  work was  underway to  propose appropriate revisions to the NAAQSs for
sulfur dioxide,  lead,  and  ozone.  In addition,  work continued  toward final  action
on review of  the NAAQS for particulate matter.   In  the pollutant  assessment area,
work continued on the health and  risk assessment  of potentially  toxic  air pollutants
to determine  the need for  regulations.   Listing  decisions were published  for  11
compounds in 1985.   Other  activities included  the initiation  of full  operation  of
the Air Toxics  Clearinghouse.   In addition, the  National  Air  Toxics  Strategy  was
announced and initial implementation begun.  Work  continued on  acid rain policy and
implementation issues  and  a comprehensive CFC  action  strategy was  developed  and
adopted.


STATE PROGRAM POLICY GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS  DEVELOPMENT

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency  requests  a total of $2,771,100 supported by  45.9 total  workyears
for this program, of  which  $2,265,400  will be  for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $505,700  will  be  for the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropri-
ation.  This   represents  increases  of   $97,500 and  $3,700,  respectively,  and  no
change in total  workyears.   The  increase  reflects adjustments to the 1986  base  as
part of government-wide deficit reductions.

     In 1987, the program  will  continue  to provide  national  direction, management,
and assistance  to  the national  air quality management effort.   The  program  will
also develop regulations, policies, and technical  guidance to support the implemen-
tation of revised  NAAQSs  for lead and  sulfur dioxide, as  well  as  for a  variety of
other critical  issues such  as  stack  heights  and  PM^Q.   Regulatory actions  are
expected to  Include promulgation  of regulations associated  with  revised  or  re-
affirmed NAAQSs  for  particulate matter  and  sulfur  dioxide.    Revised National  Air
Audit criteria  will  be provided to the  Regions for their use  in  conducting State
and local agency audits  at the  biennual  frequency  initiated in 1986.  A national
audit report will be published.  Management of the new source review and prevention
of significant  deterioration programs  will also continue.   This will  encompass
technical analysis and  support  of litigation including promulgation  of  visibility
Part II regulations  and  rulemaking on  ship, emissions.  In addition,  management  of
the State Implementation  Plan  (SIP)  process will  continue, together  with the man-
agement and  overview of the post  1982  attainment program and additional emphasis
on areas not  likely  to meet the 1987 attainment date  for  ozone.   The operation of
the control  strategies clearinghouse for volatile  organic  compounds will  be contin-
ued.  A program  to  provide  implementation guidance  of  the  multi-year air toxics
plan will  continue.
                                        A-29

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating  a total  of $2,669,900  supported by  45.9
total workyears  for  this program,  of which  $2,167,900  is from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $502,000  is  from  the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.

     In 1986, regulations to implement SIP requirements for a  revised or reaffirmed
sulfur dioxide NAAQS are expected to be proposed.  Program guidance,  policy papers,
and technical information are also being developed on a variety of issues including
SIP revisions for  post  1982/1987 attainment,  sulfur dioxide, stack  heights,  PMjo
implementation, and  visibility.   The new  source review  program  is   continuing  to
provide permit  assistance and  litigation support.    Other  rulemaking  activities
include the  proposal  of visibility  Part  II  and  vessel  emissions regulations  and
promulgation of  fugitive emissions  regulations and  the listing  of strip  mines.
Guidance and  assistance  is  also being  provided to the Regional Offices in  SIP
management.  Technical  analysis  of  volatile organic  compound controls,  partial-
lates, sulfur dioxide,  lead, and  other  critical  issues  is  being  provided.   The
National Air Audit System is being  continued in order to provide  effective evalua-
tion and  review of  State air  programs,  with  audits  shifting from an  annual  to
biennual frequency.   Acid  rain   Implementation  options  are   being   evaluated  and
guidance provided  on selected   issues.   Guidance  1s  being   provided  to  Improve
State and  local  toxics  program  capability consistent with the national  air  toxics
strategy.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of  $2,610,600 supported  by  47.6 total
workyears for this program, of which  $2,187,000  was  from the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation  and  $423,600  was  from  the  Abatement,  Control  and   Compliance
appropriation.

     National management and evaluation of all major SIP programs continued in 1985.
Program guidance,  policy papers,  and technical  Information  were developed on  a
variety of issues Including  post-1982/87 attainment, lead,  PMiQ, and sulfur dioxide.
Policy guidance  and  program  assistance  were  continued for the areas  that had  been
granted attainment date  extensions  for the ozone and  carbon monoxide NAAQSs.  Lead
SIPs were developed in accordance with the schedule and requirements  of  the litiga-
tion settlement agreement.  Rulemaking accomplishments included proposal  of regula-
tions to Implement revised participate  matter NAAQSs;  proposal  and promulgation of
stack heights regulations; proposal  and  promulgation  of  Part  I visibility regula-
tions; proposal   of  prevention  of  significant  deterioration  regulations  listing
strip mines;  proposal of fugitive emissions  rulemaking;  and  promulgation of regu-
lations to  resolve the  Section  126 petitions.   New source review program guidance
was provided  and the National  Air  Audit  System  was  implemented   for five program
areas (air  quality  planning, new  source   review,  compliance  assurance,  air moni-
toring, and  vehicle  inspection/maintenance).   Revised National Air  Audit criteria
were developed and a national air audit report was prepared.
                                         A-30

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                PROGRAM
                                                                       AIR

                                               'lohile  Source  Air Pollution Control  ft Fuel  Economy
ACTUAL
1185
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                             (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
to
                Emission  Standards,
                Technical  Assessment  X
                Characterization
                   Salaries *  Expenses
                   Abatement Control and
                   Compliance
Testing, Technical &
Administrative Support
  Salaries * Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
                 Oral3$ions  3  Fuel
                 Economy  fwrn
                   Salaries * Expenses
                   Abatement  Control  and
                   Compliance
                 TOTAL:
                   Salaries  <  Expenses
                   Abatement Control  and
                   Compliance

                  Mobile  Jource  Air
                  Pollution  Control *
                  Fuel  Fconomy
                                $3,512.2   $3,592.3    $3,804.5
                                $2,009.3   $2,817.6    $4,217.6
-$lfi3.6    $3,640.9   $3,989.3     $348.4
-$181.3    $4,036.3   $3,436.4    -$599.9
                                         TOTAL   $5,821.5   $6,409.9    18,022.1    -$344.9    $7,677.2   $7,425.7    -$251.5
                                                 $5,4DR.2   $4,885.3    $4,926.6
                                                   $900.0     $900.0      $900.0
•$211.9    $4,714.7   $4,861.6     $146.9
 -$38.7      $861.3     $900.0      $38.7
                                         TOTAL   $6,308.2   $5,785.3    .$5,826.6    -$250.6    $5,576.0   $5,761.fi     $185.6
                                $1,640.7   $1,600.8    $1,633.3
                                   $35.0      $35.0       $35.0
 -$70.0    $1,563.3   $1,600.3
  -$1.5       $33.5      $35.0
                                         TOTAL   $1,675.7   $1,635.8    $1,668.3     -$71.5    $1,596.8   $1,635.3
                               $10,561.1  $10,078.4   $10,364.4
                                $2,944.3   $3,752.6    $5,152.6
-$445.5    $9,918.9  $10,451.2
4221.5    $4,931.1   $4,371.4
  $37.0
   $1.5

  $38.5
 $532.3
-$559.7
                        TOTAL  $13,505.4  $13,R31.0   $15,517.0    -$667.0   $14,850.0  $14,822.6      -$27.4

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                        AIR



Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel  Economy


PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment $
Characterization
Testing, Technical 3
Administrative Support :
Emissions * Fuel
Economy Compliance
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
TOTAL WORI'.YEARS
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment 8
Characterization
Testing, Technical fl
Administrative Support
Emissions ft Fuel
Economy Compliance
TOTAL WORI'.YEARS
ACTUAL
1985


65.3
89.6
32.0
186.9

71.8
93.1
33.0
197.9
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

63.9
92.0
33.0
188.9

71.9
93.6
33.3
198.8
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

70.4
94.0
34.0
198.4

78.4
95.6
34.3
208.3
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


70.4
, 94.0
34.0
198.4

78.4
95.6
34.3
208.3
ESTIMATE
1987


69.9
92.0
33.0
194.9

77.9
93.6
33.3
204.8
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


-0.5
-2.0
-1.0
-3.5

-0.5
-2.0
-1.0
-3.5

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                                        AIR


                Mobile Source Air Pollution Control  and  Fuel  Economy
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $14,822,600 supported by 204.8 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $27,400 and 3.5 total workyears  from 1986.   Of  the  request
$10,451,200 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation and $4,371,400 will
be for the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation,  an  increase  of $532,300
and a decrease of $559,700, respectively.

Program Pescriptipn

     This subactivity includes the following mobile source programs:

     Emission Standards, Technical  Assessment and  Characterization — This  program
provides the standards development and analysis required for the control  of mobile
source emissions, as required  by  the  Clean Air Act.   Work  is  also  carried  out to
improve fuel economy testing procedures and evaluate fuel  economy  retrofit devices,
as required  by the  Motor Vehicle Information and  Cost Savings Act.  This  program
is responsible for  developing  both  light-duty  vehicle and heavy-duty engine stan-
dards for the  control  of evaporative  and  exhaust emissions.   Other major  program
activities include:   characterization  of toxic  emissions,  assessment of  emissions
control technology, technical  assistance to the States for  implementation of local
control programs, assessment of  actual emissions levels from in-use vehicles, analy-
sis of the current and  prospective impacts of motor vehicle emissions  on air quality,
and assessment of  alternative fuels and technologies as a means  of reducing  air
pollution from mobile sources.

     Testing, Technical, and Administrati ve Support -- This program  provides "basic
testing, technical,   and  administrativesupport  to  the  mobile  source  operating
programs of EPA,

     Emissions and Fuel Economy Compliance  — This program implements the  emissions
certification and compliance requirements of the Clean Air Act  and the  fuel  economy
information and  compliance  requirements of the Motor  Vehicle  Information and Cost
Savings Act.  As  part  of this program, fuel economy  information is  made  available
to the  consumer  through the  mile per  gallon values  published  in  the  Gas  Mileage
Guide and on new  vehicle labels.


EMISSION STANDARDS.TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT, AND CHARACTERIZATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $7,425,700  supported  by  77.9 total  workyears
for this program, of which  $3,989,300  will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,436,400 will be  for the  Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria*
tion.  This represents an increase of $348,400 for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation, a decrease of $599,900 in  the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion and a  decrease of 0,5 in total workyears.  The  increase  reflects  support  for
in-house activities  related to diesel  emissions  control.  The decreases  reflect
changes in developing controls for toxic air pollutants.

     The standards  program  in  1987  will   continue  emphasis on  controlling  ozone
precursors and air  toxics.  The regulatory program will  concentrate on control  of
evaporative and  refueling  emissions,  excess hydrocarbon (HC)  emissions,  formalde-
hyde, and particulates.   An advance notice  for modifying diesel  fuel  composition
will be published.   Accelerated  work  on the fuel and fuel  additive  test  protocols
will result in a  notice by the end of 1987.  With the implementation  of  lead phase-
                                     A-33

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down, additional  work  will  focus on alternatives  to  leaded gasoline.  Testing  of
in-use vehicles will  continue to assess  the emissions  performance  of the  in-use
fleet.  Data from the testing will  be  used  to refine air  quality projections  and
update the  mobile  source  emissions estimation  program.   Work will  continue  on
heavy-duty diesel   trap  technology  with  the  Implementation   of  prototype trap
regeneration systems and close monitoring of industry  research  efforts.  Support to
the development of State Implementation Plans (SIPs) will  continue, especially .with
respect to  Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) programs,  A total  of  15  formal  audits  and
follow-ups of State and local  I/M programs will  be completed.


1986 PTogram

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of $7,677,200  supported by 78.4
total workyears for this program, of which $3,640,900 is  from  the  Salaries  and  Ex-
penses appropriation and $4,036,300 is  from  the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.

     During 1985,  the standards  for heavy-duty engine nitrogen oxides  and particu-
late emissions  were promulgated.  Implementation  of these technology forcing stan-
dards, which contribute to  the control of air toxics, is requiring continued support
during 1986 to  help ensure the  development  of  particulate traps.   Work has been
started to  characterize formaldehyde  emissions  from  catalyst-equipped  vehicles.
The persistence of  a severe  ozone  problem  in  many parts  of  the country  spurred
activity to deal  with the control of excess  HC  emissions.   In  addition to the work
on evaporative  emissions  control during  refueling which  may  result  irr  proposing
control alternatives, work  has  also begun  on  a  strategy  to  control  other  excess
evaporative HC  emissions from  motor vehicles.   A study  that may lead to  a proposed
rulemaking will  be completed  by  the end  of  1986.   The program  continues  to  provide
implementation  assistance and  review of  SIPs,  particularly as  they  relate to I/M.
In 1985 and 1986 a  process  of periodic I/M program audits  has continued  to  assess
the effectiveness  of   State and  local  I/M programs.   Additional  work focuses  on
the testing of  in-use vehicles, including the evaluation of new  technology vehicles.
Characterization of emissions  from vehicles  powered by alternative  fuels  continues.
Work also  continues  on  a   rulemaking  which  will  establish standards and  a test
procedure for methanol  fueled  vehicles.  Standards  for  these vehicles  will   be
proposed in 1986.   A  systematic  review of the heavy-duty  standards  for  HC,  carbon
monoxide and particulate matter  will  be initiated in  1986 for potential  revision
in 1987 and beyond.


1985 Accomp1i shments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a  total   of  $5,521,500 supported  by  71.8 total
workyears, of which $3,512,200 was from the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation  and
$2,009,300 was  from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation.

     Standards  development  resulted  in  promulgation of technology  forcing standards
for heavy-duty  engine emissions  of  particulates and nitrogen  oxides.  Efforts  re-
lated to heavy-duty  engine  emissions  also included preparation for  implementation
of standards for evaporative hydrocarbon emissions, and standards for  exhaust hydro-
carbon and  carbon  monoxide emissions.   Support  was  furnished to  States for  the
I/M portions of SIPs.  Audits  were completed  for 10 I/M  programs.   Two  fuel  economy
retrofit devices were tested and evaluated.


TESTING. TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE  SUPPORT

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency requests a  total of $5,761,600  supported by  93.6 total  workyears
for this program,  of  which  $4,861,600  will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $900,000 will   be  for the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  appropria-
tion.  This represents  an increase  of  $146,900 in the Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation, an increase of $38,700  in the Abatement, Control and Compliance  appropria-
tion and a  decrease of  2.0 in total  workyears.   The decrease in total  workyears
reflect changes in  support  provided to  the  mobile testing program.    The  increase

                                        A-34

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in the Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation  will  fund higher personnel costs.  The
increase in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation  reflects adjustments
to the 1986 base as part of  government-wide  deficit  reductions.

     This program will  provide  testing, technical,  and  administrative support to
the operating programs  of the Office of  Mobile  Sources at the  EPA Motor Vehicle
Emissions Laboratory  (MVEL) located  in  Ann Arbor,  Michigan.   Approximately 1,000
tests will  be  performed on  prototypes, 1,600 tests  on in-'use  vehicles,  and  100
tests oh  heavy-duty  engines.   Activities that  will  be  supported  include recall,
tampering and fuel  switching,  standard  setting, emissions characterization, tech-
nology assessment,  fuel  economy, in-use  vehicle emissions assessment,  and motor
vehicle emission certification.  The support that will be provided  includes: auto-
mated data  processing  (ADP) timesharing services, laboratory data acquisition, and
computer operations; testing of motor vehicles  to measure emissions and fuel economy;
quality control  and  correlation services  for EPA and  industry  testing programs;
maintenance and  engineering design  of  emission  testing  equipment;  and personnel,
administrative, safety, and facilities  support  services.   Testing  and analysis of
approximately 2,000 fuel samples collected  for enforcement purposes will continue.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is  allocating  a total   of  $5,576,000  supported  by 95.6
total workyears  for  this  program.,   of  which  $4,714,700  is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $861,300  is  from the  Abatement,  Control and Compliance
appropriation.   Testing and technical  support activities  now  operate  at  a level
where significant economies  of scale can be  obtained.

     Testing support to the  certification and fuel economy labeling and compliance
program continues, with 1,000 tests scheduled for  these  purposes.   An additional
1,840 tests of  in-use light-duty vehicles at  the MVEL support the following programs:
recall, surveillance, tampering and fuel switching, and emission factor^development.
Testing also includes  support  for the heavy-duty engine emission factors and stan-
dard-setting  program.   Correlation  programs  ensure  consistency   among  EPA and
manufacturer test facilities.   Personnel, facility  support  services, safety, ADP,
and administrative management  functions  are  provided  for at the MVEL.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a total  of $6,308,200  supported by 93.1 total
workyears for this program,  of which $5,408,200 was  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and $900,000 was  from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  appro^
priation.

     During 1985, the program continued  to increase  testing and vehicle  procurement
at the MVEL.  A  total  of 2,637 tests were  performed at the laboratory during the
year.  Test  results  were used  by all mobile source programs to  support  regulatory
and enforcement activities.


EMISSIONS AND FUEL ECONOMY COMPLIANCE

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total of $1,635,300  supported  by  33.3  workyears  for
this program, of which  $1,600,300 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $35,000 will  be for  the Abatement, Control and Compliance  appropriation.
This represents an increase of  $37,000  In the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation,
an increase of $1,500  in the  Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appropriation and  a
decrease of 1.0 in total workyears.   The workyear decrease, is related  to  reductions
in work  assessing  the  adequacy of  certification requirements  to  ensure durable
emission control  systems.    The increases  reflect adjustments to  the 1986 base as
part of government-wide deficit reductions.
                                        A-35

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     The emissions  and  fuel  economy  compliance  program  will  continue  to  issue
approximately 600  certificates  of  compliance  during   the  year.    Certification
engineering review will  continue  to deter  the production of  vehicle designs not
capable of meeting emission  standards.  Participation in the certification  program
by importers  for resale is  expected  to  continue to increase.   The fuel  economy
information and  compliance  program  will  generate information  for the Gas  Mileage
Guide, calculate fuel economy  labels, and  calculate each manufacturer's  Corporate
Average Fuel Economy (CAFE).   The in-use technology assessment program will continue
the examination  of  continuing durability  of  control technology  at high, mileage.
The objective  is to  improve the  effectiveness  of  the certification  program  in
reducing high mileage in-use noncompliance.


1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating a total  of $1,596,800 supported by  34.3
total workyears  for  this program,   of  which  $1,563,300  is from  the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $33,500  is  from the  Abatement, Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

    Approximately 600 certificates  of  compliance with emission  standards will  be
issued.  The  Agency  is  continuing  to streamline   the  certification  process  by
revising requirements to reduce the burden on industry without sacrificing  emissions
reductions.  Programs to assess the performance of high mileage in-use  vehicles  in
order to develop  improved  ways to assure  high-mileage  compliance  with  standards
are underway.  The fuel  economy program continues to generate 1,000  to 1,100  fuel
economy labels a year, data  for  the Gas Mileage  Guide,  and  50 CAFE  calculations.


1985 Accomp11s hme n t s

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a  total  of  $1,675,700  supported by 33.0  total
workyears for this program, of which $1,640,700 was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation  and  $35,000   was   from  the  Abatement,  Control   and  Compliance
appropriation.

     Certificates of  compliance  were issued  for  592 engine  families.   The  fuel
economy program produced 1,151 fuel economy labels  and performed 78  CAFE calcula-
tions.  Increased effort was devoted to  revise the  fuel  economy program to  more
closely approximate  in-use results, improve  the labeling data  base,  and  reduce
the manufacturers' reporting costs.
                                       A-36

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                AIR



State Programs Resource Assistance


PROGRAM
Control Agency Resource
Supplementation
(Section 105 Grants)
Abatement Control and
CompT lance
TOTAL
Training
> Salaries & Expenses
w Abatement Control and
Compl 1 ance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
•State Programs TOTAL
Resource Assistance
PERMANENT MflRKYF.ARS
Training
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985





$90,486.0

$90,486.0

$230.6
$507.0

$737.6

$230.6
$90,993.0

$91 , 223.fi


4.0
4.0
BUORET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS




$95,034.0

$95,034.0

$234,5

$234.5

$234.5
$95,034,0

$95,268.5


4,0
4.0
ENACTED
1986
IN THOUSANDS)




$100,034.0

$100,034.0

$234.5
$500.n

$734.5

$234.5
$100,534.0

$100,768.5


4.0
4.0
BALANCED
BUDGET
REOHCTION





-$4,301.5

-$4,301.5

-$10.2
-$21.5

-$31.7

-$10.2
-$4,323.0

-$4,333.2




CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986





$95,732.5

$95,732.5

$224.3
$478.5

$702.8

$224.3
$96,211.0

$96,435.3


4.0
4.0
ESTIMATE
1987





$95,000.0

$95,000.0

$234.5

$234.5

$234.5
$95,000.0

$95,234.5


4.0
4.0
INCREASE +
OECREASE -
1987 VS 1986





-$732.5

-$732.5

$10.2
-$478.5

-$4fi8.3

$10.2
-$1,211.0

-$1,200.8





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I
oo
                                                                  AIR
                                                  State Programs Resource Assistance

TOTAL HORKYF.ARS
Training
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985

4.0
4.0
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
4.0
4.0
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
4.0
4.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1936

480
4,0
ESTIMATE
1987

4.0
4.0
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986



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                                       AIR

                        State Programs Resource Assistance
Budget Request
     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $95,234,500  supported  by 4.0 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,200,800 and no change  in total workyears  from 1986.  Of
the request,  $234,500  will   be for  the Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation  and
$95,000,000 will  be  for the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appropriation,  re-
presenting an increase  of $10,200  in the Salaries and Expense appropriation  and  a
decrease of  $1,211,000  in  the Abatement,  Control and  Compliance  appropriation.

Program Description

     This subactivity provides financial  support to  State  and  local  air  pollu-
tion control  agencies,   including  air  quality   programs  for  Indian  lands,  for
the prevention,  abatement,  and control  of air  pollution.   The primary objective
of this subactivity is  to support  the development and implementation of effective
State and  local  programs   for the  attainment  and maintenance  of  the  National
Ambient Air Quality Standards  (NAAQSs),  in accordance  with  provisions of the  Clean
Air Act.

     Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section  105 Grants)  —  Direct  grants
to control agencies that  have  major roles 1n developing and  carrying out  programs
under the  Clean  Air Act constitute  the major  form   of  EPA resource  assistance.
Direct grants are  supplemented by  the training of State  and local   air pollution
control personnel and the provision of services of contractors for  specific  tasks
identified by the States and localities.  The grants support State  and local  activi-
ties which develop State  Implementation  Plans  (SIPs)  for the attainment and  main-
tenance of the NAAQSs;-  enforce source emission  regulations and requirements  con-
tained within the SIPs;  review and  permit  new  sources; monitor ambient  air quality
for assessing environmental  quality  and  progress;  and  develop data bases necessary
for regulatory decisions.   In  addition, these  funds  promote  the  assumption  and
Implementation of  other Clean Air  Act  responsibilities,   including   those   for
the prevention of  significant  deterioration  (PSD), protection  of  visibility  and
the implementation of New Source  Performance Standards  (NSPSs) and  National  Emis-
sion Standards for  Hazardous Air  Pollutants (NESHAPs).  Finally, these  funds help
control agencies  to  develop and  enhance  air  toxics  programs for  assessing  and
mitigating exposures consistent with  the  recently published  national strategy.

     Training --  Traditionally, resource  assistance   is  further  supplemented by
the provision  of training  in   specialized  areas  of  air pollution  control.   New
courses are developed  as needed,  instruction  manuals and  materials are  revised
and updated,  and manuals and  Instructional materials  are  provided to  university
training centers.  The  EPA  staff works  with university centers  to develop  State
and local  self-sufficiency   in training by  offering  courses  at  area  training
centers.


CONTROL AGENCY RESOURCE  SUPPLEMENTATION  (SECTION 105 GRANTS)

198 7 P rpgram Reguest

     The Agency  requests a  total  of  $95,000,000,  all of  which  will  be  for  the
Abatement, Control   and  Compliance  appropriation.   This represents  a decrease of
$732,500.  This  decrease  reflects completion  of  the   acid  precipitation emissions
inventory .project*
                                         A-39

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     This grant will be  Included  1n an anticipated legislative  proposal  for block
grants designed  to  give  States  more  flexibility  and  autonomy in  administering
environmental programs.   In  1987,  States are  expected to  continue to  emphasize
the following activities.  States  will implement Inspection and  source  compliance
programs, continuing .to  emphasize  NESHAPs and  Class B  volatile organic compound
(VOC) sources  in nonattainment  areas.   States  will   maintain  the  National  Air
Monitoring System (NAMS)  and State  and Local  Air  Monitoring  System  (SLAMS)  net-
works, replacing  additional  poor  instruments  and  continuing  necessary  modifica-
tions to collect sizespecific particulate matter (PMio)  data.  States will initiate
efforts for developing PMjg SIPs in high probability nonattainment areas.

     Implementation of the  national  air toxics  strategy will  continue  to be  a
major priority for  State  and local  air programs  in  1987.   State  and local agencies
will continue to  implement  their multiple-year plans,  building  and  expanding  air
toxics programs consistent with the national strategy and  EPA  guidance.   State and
local agencies  will continue to  undertake  initiatives to  evaluate and  mitigate
exposures from high risk sources.   Concerns  about air  toxics exposures  in urban
areas having multiple  sources  and  pollutants will  continue to  grow.* Programs to
start evaluating and  addressing  these concerns will  commence  in several  areas In
1987.  States will  initiate  the first phase of  a several year  program  to prepare
comprehensive inventories  and  analyze  exposure  within complex  geographic  areas
expected to  have  significant multiple source and  pollutant,Interactions.   Grant
resources will  also permit  States  to Implement   a  comprehensive program  in urban
ozone nonattainment areas  which are  not  anticipated to  attain  by  1987.   Efforts
to assess  controls, adopt  new  and increasingly stringent  control  measures,  and
review the reductions  achieved will ensure that effective  progress  in reducing  VOC
emissions continues in these areas.  States  will  start to develop and Implement the
corrective and/or additional  measures necessary  to achieve major  progress.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating a total  of $95,732,500  for this program,
all of which is from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation* s

     In 1986, States are  continuing  to develop and implement the multiple regulatory
programs necessary  for the attainment of NAAQSs  in areas missing  the 1982 deadlines
or having extensions to 1987.  States are also preparing necessary corrections to the
SIPs where  State/EPA   reviews of progress  identify needed  changes  in  attainment
strategies or new nonattainment  problems are documented.  States  are preparing data
bases and analyses  preparatory  to the development of regulatory plans for PM^g when
the NAAQS is promulgated.  Revisions  to  SIPs addressing EPA's  revised stack height
regulations are being developed.  States are also assuming responsibility for newly
promulgated NSPSs and NESHAPs.

     States are  continuing  to  fully  operate and  quality  assure   the  NAMS/SLAMS
networks.  A number of the  more seriously deteriorated network  monitors  for ozone
and carbon monoxide are  being  replaced.  States  are continuing  to  modify existing
networks to collect data  necessary  for regulatory decisions  and  the development of
required PMjo SIPs,  including the purchase of additional  monitoring equipment  for
determining PMio levels in probable  nonattainment areas.   Instrumentation is being
purchased for conducting  limited  background visibility monitoring  in key  Class  I
areas as required by settlement  of litigation against the Agency.

     States are carrying  out their  Inspection  and  source monitoring programs  for
assuring Initial and  continuous  compliance  by stationary sources,  including  the
provision of timely and  appropriate response to violations.   Emphasis  continues
to focus on violating  VOC sources and  sources subject to NESHAPs,  including enforce-
ment of asbestos demolition and  renovation requirements and  inventories  of  Class  B
sources.  Grant resources are also  supporting the implementation  of ongoing in-use
vehicle regulatory programs and  the development of a limited number of new programs
in nonattainment areas.
                                        A-40

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     State and local agencies are  preparing multiple-year plans to build and enhance
air toxics  programs,  consistent  with  the national  air toxics  strategy, and  are
initiating programs to  implement  these  plans.   They are  also  initating steps  to
evaluate and mitigate exposures from certain  high risk sources  identified by EPA or
the State.

     Specific projects to analyze  and  develop  data bases and improve  State  inven-
tories as well as technical  and institutional  foundations  for  possible future acid
rain control strategies are continuing.


19851 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of $90,486,000 to this  program,  all  of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.

     In 1985, air management  efforts included analysis of the SIPs for areas missing
the December 1982 NAAQS attainment deadline;  development and  adoption of additional
regulations and programs in  areas  having  extensions  to  1987  for  meeting the  carbon
monoxide and  ozone  NAAQSs;  and  continued development  of overdue  SIPs  for  lead.

     States continued the  operation and  quality assurance of the  NAMS  and  SLAMS
networks.  Selected States  initiated programs to  develop technical and institutional
foundations for possible future acid rain control strategies, including improvement
of data bases and evaluation of control options.

     State compliance programs  continued to  focus efforts on assuring initial  and
continuous compliance by stationary sources through  improved inspection techniques
and continuous monitoring activities.  Emphasis was placed on violating sources of
VOCs and sources  subject to NESHAPs.  States also negotiated and  implemented efforts
to improve  the  Federal/State  enforcement process described  in  their cooperative
agreements with  EPA in defining   "timely  and  appropriate"  response  to  violating
sources.


TRAINING

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency  requests a total  of $234,500   supported by 4.0 total workyears for
this program, all  of which  will  be for the  Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.
This request  represents an  increase of $10,200 in the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and a decrease of $478,500 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.  The increase reflects adjustments  to the 1986 base as  part of government-
wide deficit  reductions.  This decrease  reflects the Agency's  decision that States
are capable  of providing sufficient training  in  the basic aspects  of air pollution
control.

     In 1987, EPA will  continue to manage the self-study  training  program.   Tech-
nical support will be provided to  States  and Regions planning workshops and training
courses.  In  addition,  existing  courses will  be  updated using in-house  skills.


19815 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total  of $702,800  supported by 4.0 total
workyears for this  program.    Of  this  request,  $224,300  is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $478,500 is from  the Abatement,  Control and Compliance
appropriation.

     Activities  in  1986 include  management  of  the  self-study  training program,
technical support to  States  and  Regions planning workshops and training courses,
and updating  of  existing  courses  using  in-house skills.  Also,  training courses
will be offered  in the six area training centers covering high demand  subject areas
and traineeships/ fellowships will be provided  to selected control agency employees.
                                         A-41

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1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the  Agency  obligated a  total  of  $737,600 supported  by 4.0  total
workyears for  this   program.   Of  the  amount obligated,  $230,600  was  from  the
Salaries and Expenses  appropriation and $507,000  was  from the Abatement,  Control
and Compliance  appropriation.

     In 1985, a total  of  43 training courses (28  regular  scheduled courses  and 15
special courses) were  conducted  covering  17 subject  areas  for  1007  students  at
six area training centers and in Regional areas.   Graduate tralneeships  or  fellow-
ships were  provided for  19  control  agency  employees.   In addition,  three  new
courses in the area  of air toxics  were  prepared.   Also,  revised  self-instructional
correspondence  and  classroom  courses   were  prepared and  made  available  to  1130
students.
                                         A-42

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                                                      AIR

                                     Air Quality Management Implementation

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED     CURRENT     ESTIMATE    INCREASE +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDRET      ESTIMATE      1987      DECREASE -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION      1986                 1987 VS 1986

                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

PROGRAM
A1r Quality Management
Implementation
  Salaries * Expenses          $10 852.4   $11,780.8    $12,145.2   -$522.2    $11,623.0   $11,955.2      $332.2
  Abatement Control and           $300.2      $2^4.6       $694.6    -$29.9       $664.7      $294.6     -$370.1
  Compliance
                        TOTAL  $11,152.6   $12,075.4    $12,839.8   -$552.1    $12,287.7   $12,249.8      -$37.9

TOTAL:
  Salaries * Expenses          $10.852.4   $11.780.8    $12,145.2   -$522.2    $11,623.0   $11,955.2      $332.2
  Abatement Control and           $300.2      $294.6       $694.6    -$29.9       $664.7      $294.6     -$370.1
  Compliance

A1r Quality Management TOTAL   $11,152.6   M2.075.4    $12,839.8   -$552.1    $12,287.7   $12,249.8      -$37.9
Implementation


PERMANENT HORKYEARS
A1r Quality Management
Implementation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
263.7
263.7
275.2
275.2
281 .0
281.0
281.0
281,0
275.0
275.0
-6.0
-6.0

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           TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                                                  AIR
                                                 Air Quality Management Implementation
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
EWCTFD
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                        (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
           Air Quality Management
           Implementation

           TOTAL WORKYF.ARS
284.9
284.9
294.4
P.94.4
304.3
304,3
304,3
304.3
298.3
298.3
-6.0
-6.0
I

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                                       AIR


                       Air Quality Management  Implementation
BudgetRequest
     The Agency requests a total of $12,249,800 supported by 298.3 total workyears
for  1987,  a decrease  of $37,900  and  6.0  total  workyears.  Of  the   request,
$11,955,200 will be for the  Salaries  and Expenses appropriation and $294,600 will
be  for  the  Abatement,   Control   and  Compliance  appropriation, an increase of
$332,200 and a decrease of $370,100, respectively.

Program Description

     This subactivity  provides  resources  for the operation  and  maintenance  of
an air  quality  management program  in  each of the  Agency's  ten Regional  Offices.
Under the  Clean Air  Act, the  States have  primary responsibility  for preparing
attainment strategies  and  meeting  the commitments  for  the  development  and  imple-
mentation of  multiple regulatory  programs  essential  to the  attainment  and main-
tenance of National Ambient  Air Quality  Standards (NAAQSs).  State strategies and
programs have to  be  revised  when  NAAQSs are modified,  new standards established,
or deficiencies  within the   strategies  are  identified.   The  Regional   program,
in partnership  with  State and  local  air pollution control  agencies, has  a major
responsibility for implementing the requirements  of the Clean  Air Act and  related
EPA regulations governing  the  attainment and maintenance  of  the NAAQSs.  The air
management program provides  policy  guidance  and  technical  consultation to  States,
helping them to prepare the  strategies and regulatory  programs.  The program also
conducts the necessary regulatory  review and  coordination  for  approval  within the
Federal Register of  individual  strategies  and regulations  in  State  Implementation
Plans  (SIPs) submitted to  EPA.  The program also  plays the principal role  in nego-
tiating air quality program grants  to  State and  local control  agencies and  auditing
the progress and effectiveness  of  these agencies in developing, implementing, and
enforcing regulatory programs.  The program has major responsibilities for helping
States develop  and  implement  programs  for  assessing  and mitigating  air  toxics
exposures as  required  by the  Agency's  recently published   national  strategy.


AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $12,249,800 supported  by 298.3 total workyears
for this program, of   which  $11,955,200  will  be for   the   Salaries and   Expenses
appropriation  and $294,600  will  be   for  the Abatement, Control  and   Compliance
appropriation.  This  represents an increase of $332,200 and a decrease of $370,100,
respectively, and  a   decrease  of  6.0  total  workyears.   The increase reflects in-
creased operationg  costs   for  the  program.   The  decreases  reflect  completion  of
the guidance  for  tall   stack and   lead  SIP  revisions, as  well  as completion of
sitespecific integrated environmental  pilot studies carried  out in  1986.

     The Regional  air  management program will continue  efforts  to  restore  environ-
mental quality, particularly the protection  of  public health within the remaining
nonattainment areas.   Nonattalnment efforts   will  focus on the most severe ozone
areas which have the  largest sensitive populations.  Toward this end, Regions will
work with  States to   implement  a   comprehensive  program  within the  major urban
nonattainment areas experiencing violations  of the ozone standard and not  antici-
pated to attain by  1987.   Aggressive  efforts by  EPA and the States during  1987 to
assess controls, adopt new and  increasingly  stringent control  measures,  and review
the reductions  achieved will ensure that  effective progress  In reducing  volatile
organic compound (VOC) emissions continues  in these areas.  Support of State pro-
grams for  regulating  in-use  vehicles   will  continue,  reflecting the importance of
these programs  to the  attainment  of  standards.   Regions  will guide  and  assist
States in  preparing  SIPs  for  the  anticipated   size-specific  particulate  (PMio)
NAAQS Within the  highest   proability  nonattainment areas.   Regions  will  continue
                                       A-45

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to place high priority  on the Implementation of  various elements  of  the  national
air toxics strategy by  promoting,  assisting, and  overseeing  State and local  agency
plans and  activities  for the development  and  Improvement  of  comprehensive  air
toxics programs.  Regions  will  help States  Implement  initiatives to  gather data,
evaluate exposures,  and  develop  regulations where  appropriate for mitigating  ex-
posure from high  risk  sources (including new  sources  to foster  equity).   Regions
will help  States  Initiate a  multiple-year  program to  assess  exposures and emis-
sions 1n selected complex  geographic  areas  having multiple  source/ pollutant Inter-
actions, including preparation  of  comprehensive  inventories  and  analyses  and  the
development of mechanisms for reducing exposures*

     Resources will  be  provided  for  continuing  at the 1986 level  the  National  A1r
Audit System  (NAAS) for review of State  air quality planning, new  source review,
compliance assurance,  air  monitoring,  and vehicle inspection/maintenance programs.
Other Regional programs such as negotiating and  overseeing grant  agreements consis-
tent with  the Agency's  performance-based  grants policy,  processing  SIPs in  an
expeditious manner to minimize backlog, and responding to litigation on  SIPs,  will
also continue.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total   of  $12,287,700 supported  by 304.3
total workyears  for this program,  of  which  $11,623,000  1s from  the  Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and $664,700 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.

     The principal focus  of  the  Regional  air management program  1s the Implementa-
tion of  the  Agency's  attainment  policy  for   remedying  deficient  SIPs  in areas
violating the NAAQSs.   Guidance  1s being provided to  States  developing corrective
SIPs.  Corrections  are  being reviewed   for  consistency and  appropriate  Federal
Register rules are being completed.

     Resources are  also  being provided to  assist States to develop  and Implement
the necessary regulations and programs for attainment of NAAQSs within areas having
extensions of the attainment  deadline for  ozone and carbon monoxide.  Also, resources
are being  provided  to  help  States define  requirements, assess  possible problems,
and prepare to respond to the anticipated NAAQS for
     Other significant actions  Include  review and rulemaking on  SIPs implementing
court-ordered regulatory  changes  on stack  heights.   The  NAAS  1s continuing  on  a
biennial basis to evaluate State regulatory  programs  by  reviewing  half of the States
every year.  State-submitted revisions  to SIPs are being processed in an expeditious
manner, minimizing  backlog.   During 1985, the  Agency completed  and  announced the
National Air  Toxics  Strategy.   Consistent  with the  national  toxics  strategy,
Initiatives are  being undertaken  to  help  States prepare multiple-year  plans  to
build and enhance  air toxics  programs  and to  gather  data  needed to assess  specific
high risk pollutant or source  situations.  Specific steps will be taken to negotiate
effective grant  agreements  with  State  and  local   agencies  Implementing  Agency
policy on performance- based grants.


1 985 Accompil 1 shments

    In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of  $11,152,600  supported  by 284.9 total
workyears, of which $10,852,400 was from the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.
and $300,200 was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.

     In 1985, Regional air management  efforts focused  on  the  development, review,
and approval of State strategies, regulations, and actions 1n areas that missed the
1982 deadline or have extensions  for  attainment to 1987.  Implementation  of the
Agency policy for remedying deficient SIPs In areas  violating the NAAQSs continued.

     The Regional program also  worked with  a  number  of  States  to develop lead SIPs
consistent with  provisions  required by  the settlement  of litigation  against the
Agency.  The  Regions  completed  review  and approval  or disapproval  actions  where
lead SIPs were submitted.

                                         A-46

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     Rulemaking actions for State strategies and revisions continued to be processed
in an efficient manner  to  prevent  recurrence  of any major SIP  backlog.   Also,  the
program continued to  negotiate air  grants  and carry  out the  NAAS for  review  of
State air quality planning, new source review, compliance assurance, air monitoring
and inspection/maintenance programs.
                                       A-47

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PROGRAM
                                                      AIR
                                    Trends Monitoring A Progress Assessment
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIHATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIHATE
1987

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 ₯S 1986
                                                 (DOLLARS If! THOUSANDS)
I
DO
-Ambient Air quality
Monitoring
  Salaries & Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
Air Quality * Emissions
Data Management *
Analysis
  Salaries * Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
TOTAL:
  Salaries A Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
                                                $3,534.9   $3,781.0    $3,732.9
                                                   $97.2     $114.2      $114.2
                                   -$160.5    $3,572.4   $3,782.9
                                     -$4.9      $109.3     $114.2
                        TOTAL   $3,632.1   11,895.?    $3,847.1    -$165.4    $3,681.7    $3,897.1
                                                $3,306.0   $3,151.8    $4,637.2    -$199.4
                                                $1,841.9   $1,274.3    $1,274.3     -$54.9
$4,437.8   $3,137.2
$1,219.4   $1,229.3
$6,840.9   $6,932.8    $8,370.1    -$359.9
$1,939.1   $1,388.5    $1,388.5     -$59.8
$8,010.2   $6,920.1
$1,328.7   $1,343.5
                          $210.5
                            $4.9

                          $215.4
                                                                     -$1,300.6
                                                                          $9.9
                        TOTAL   $5,147.9   $4,426.1    $5,911.5    -$254.3    $5,657.2    $4,366.5     -$1,290.7
                                                                                                                     -$1,090.1
                                                                                                                         $14.8
Trends Monitoring ft
Progress Assessment
                                       TOTAL    $8,780.0   $8,321.3    $9,758.6    -$419.7    $9.338.9   $8,263.6    -$1,075.3

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                                                      AIR

                                    Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment
                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
          BUDGET
         ESTIMATE
           19R6
         ENACTED
           1986
                                BALANCED
                                 BUDGET
                                REDUCTION
CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
  1986               1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring
Air Quality 4 Emissions
Data Management X
Analysis

TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
 86.2       84.-R        85.7

 63.2       65.1        65.1



149.4      149.9       150.8
                                               85.7

                                               65.1
                                              85.7

                                              65.1
                                              150.8      150.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Ambient Air Duality
Monitoring

A1r Duality * Emissions
Data Management &
Analysis
 91.6
 66.8
92.5
65.R
                       92.5
                       65.6
  92.5       92.5


  65.6       65.6
TOTAL WORKYEARS
158.4      158.1
          158.1
                                                                                  158.1       158.1

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                                       AIR


                     Trends Monitoring and  Progress  Assessment
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of  $8,263,600 supported by 158.1 total workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,075,300 and no change in total workyears from 1986.   Of
the request $6,920,100  will  be  for the  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation  and
$1,343,500 will  be for  the Abatement,  Control and  Compliance  appropriation,  a
decrease of $1,090,100 and  an increase of  $14,800,  respectively.

Prog ram Desen ption

This subactivity includes the following programs:

     Ambient Air Quality Monitoring — Activity in  thi's  program includes:  (1)  EPA's
management overview of  State ambient  air  quality  monitoring  networks, associated
laboratory and field quality assurance activities, and  implementation  of air  moni-
toring strategies described  in  EPA air monitoring  regulations; (2) the coordina-
tion of  Regional  and  State  field investigation  activities  for collecting  ambient
air quality  samples  for subsequent  sample analysis  and related  quality  control;
(3) the  review of  source  emissions  data;  and  (4)  the  necessary  management  and
coordination to  ensure  timely   storage  and  validation  of  the   data collected.

     Air  Quality andEmissions Data Management  and Analysis   —   Major activities
include: (l) national  c 60 rd i hat i on  of Regional  Office,  State, and local  ambient
monitoring, air quality  modeling,  and  emission inventory programs;  (2)  issuance  of
new and  revised  regulatory  requirements  and  related  technical   guidance;  (3)
development and operation of  information management systems for storing, retrieving,
and analyzing  ambient  air  quality and  emission data  at the  State  and  national
level; and (4) preparation  of trends analyses and  related air quality  and  emission
progress assessments for program evaluation and development  and for public  informa-
tion needs.


AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING

1987 Prog ram Reg uest

     The Agency requests a  total  of $3,897,100  supported by 92.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,782,900  will  be  for  the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $114,200 will  be for the  Abatement, Control and  Compliance appropria-
tion.  This represents increases of $210,500 and  $4,900, respectively and  no change
in total workyears.  The increases reflect-  primarily  increased  operating costs  for
the program.

     In  1987,  the  EPA Regional   Offices  will  continue  overview and management  of
State air  monitoring  programs,  including  review of  grants  made under  section  105
of the  Clean Air Act.   They will  also continue  the coordination  of data  bases
involving emissions data, criteria pollutant air quality  data, and  related  precision
and accuracy information necessary for quantifying data  quality.   Monitoring net-
works and  data  supporting  highly  controversial or technically  difficult  construc-
tion permits  under the  prevention  of significant deterioration  program  will  be
revi ewed.

     The data  bases  from the National Air  Monitoring System (NAMS) and State  and
Local Air  Monitoring  System  (SLAMS)  networks  will be   validated  for  completeness
and accuracy.  Approximately 100  new or  revised  NAMS  sites  will be visited, evalu-
ated, and  documented.   Data analyses, including air quality and emission trends
information, will  be  developed  as input  to  various  environmental management  and
indicator  efforts,  Including the  Regional  Environmental  Management   Reports.   In
the area of quality  assurance,  significant  resources  will  be  used  for  on-site
systems  and  performance.audits   of State  networks  and  monitors.   In addition,  the

                                        A-50

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Regional labs will participate in the  national air audit program*  The start-up  of
State networks  for  measurement of  size-specific  particulates  (PMjo) will  require
review of the NAMS  and SLAMS networks, including site visits to  verify  compliance
with the new monitoring regulations.

     Regional Offices  will  be  involved  in  the  implementation of  the air toxics
monitoring strategy.   This  involvement will  include  coordinating  with  State and
local agencies  and the EPA Office of  Research and Development to  set up  additional
air toxics monitoring  trend  stations, assisting in  site selection  for  monitoring
stations, and ensuring samples  are  collected and sent to a  central  laboratory for
analysis.

     Resources will  also provide monitoring/quality  assurance support and technical
assistance to States  in evaluating the  impact  of  sources  of  specific  toxic air
pollutants.  These  sources  would be   ones  considered for  regulation under  State
control programs.   Special   ozone  data  analyses  will  be  performed for  selected
cities where attainment is not expected in  1987.  Resources will be used for manage-
ment, coordination and technical assistance  necessary to develop  a toxic data  base
in specific  geographic areas.  The  support  will  include emission and air quality
data bases as well as ancillary information needed  for modeling.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating  a  total   of  $3,681,700 supported  by  92.5
total workyears  for  this  program,  of which  $3,572,400  is  from  the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $109,300 is from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.

     In 1986, the Regions  are continuing  the  baseline  program of overview and
management of State  emissions  and air quality monitoring programs,  including section
105 grants review.  The Regions  are continuing their program of  on-site visits  to
review and audit  NAMS networks and a small  percentage  of  SLAMS.   The  validation
and coordination  of State and local air  quality  and emission data,  before  the data
are submitted to  central  EPA  data  banks,  are also  continuing.   In  1986,  special
emphasis is being placed  on  reviewing the  data bases upon which  attainment status
determinations will  be made  for  the revised National  Ambient Air Quality  Standard
(NAAQS) for PMiQ,   The Regions  and States  are  continuing  their analysis of the
total monitoring  network  needed  to  support  development  of State  Implementation
Plans (SIPs)  for size-specific  particulates  and subsequent tracking of  progress
and trends in meeting the  revised  NAAQS.   The  data  needed for various  environ-
mental management efforts are being compiled and displayed  for use  in determining
existing conditions, trends, and progress toward  environmental  objectives.   Quality
assurance activities and auditing of State  programs  are continuing,  with  additional
emphasis placed on the National Air  Audit System.  The toxic air monitoring station
network is being operated in three cities.


1985 Accompl 1shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated $3,632,100 supported  by 91.6 total  workyears
for this program, of which $3,534,900  was from the  Salaries and Expenses  appropria-
tion and $97,200  was  from  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.
Contract funds  from the Abatement,  Control,  and  Compliance appropriation were used
for Regional  data analyses and preparation  of the Regional  Environmental  Management
Reports,

     Ths SLAMS  networks  were  reviewed and an assessment of equipment needs  made.
The Regional  Offices  continued  to work with  States, through  the  annual  review
process, in  identifying  and  eliminating  air monitoring  sites  which  have  only
marginal utility  or  are  the  least  useful  in supporting- program  decisions.   The
Regions continued  their  programs  of  site visits  to evaluate  and  document  NAMS

stations, as  well  as  a  small percentage  of SLAMS  stations.   Laboratories  were
evaluated for proper  operating and quality  assurance procedures.  The management,
coordination, and validation  of  State  and  local  air quality  and  emission  data
before submission to EPA's central  data  banks  also continued.

                                       A-51

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AIR QUALITY AND EMISSIONS DATAMANAGEMENT ANDANALYSIS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $4,366,500  supported  by 65.6 total  workyears
for this program, of which  $3,137,200 will  be for  the Salaries  and-Expenses  appro-
priation and $1,229,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion.  This represents a decrease of $1,300,600 and an increase  of $9,900, respect-
ively, and no change in total workyears  from  1986.  The increase reflects adjustments
to the  1986 base  as  part  of government-wide  deficit  reductions.   The  decrease
reflects completion of  the  air  quality  subsystem and  elements  of  the  facility
subsystem of the Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS).

     Existing air data systems will  be  maintained  and guidance provided  to  users.
Monitoring regulations, modeling guidance, emission factors, and  computer software
will be modified to accommodate  changes  to  NAAQSs.  The program  also  will produce
ambient and  emission  trends  analyses  and  progress  assessments,  provide  national
oversight of  Regional  Office  and  State  and local  air monitoring  programs,  and
manage the NAMS network.  A fine  participate monitoring strategy will  be developed.
The program will also  continue development   of  the  facility  subsystem  of the  AIRS
and bring the air quality subsystem into operation within EPA and  selected control
agencies in  preparation  for  phasing out the  obsolete  Storage  and  Retrieval  of
Aerometric Data (SAROAD) system.   Statistical analyses will  be  provided to support
new or revised NAAQSs.

     In the area of air toxics, the program  will continue to  implement  the national
toxics monitoring strategy.  The  Toxic  Air Monitoring System  (TAMS) network will  be
expanded.  Implementation of the Agency National Air Toxics Strategy will  continue
with the development of guidelines on ambient monitoring and guidance for estimating
emissions and developing emissions inventories  for  several toxic  pollutants  and/or
source categories of concern to  State  or local  agencies.  In addition, the program
will provide  specialized  scientific data and guidance  to  States developing  SIPs
for PMiQ.  The program will  also  develop data and technical guidance to support new
and revised NAAQSs,  with  emphasis on  rural ozone and fine participates.   Specialized
analyses will also  be conducted to assist in  resolving  remaining post-1982 nonattain-
ment problems.

     In addition, emission factors  for  criteria pollutants  will  be updated for high
priority source categories and work will  be completed on developing an emissions data
base for acid precipitation assessments.   The modeling program will continue.   This
includes active implementation of the modeling guideline, guidance and  oversight  of
modeling applications, impact analyses  to support New Source  Performance Standards
(NSPS), National Emission  Standards  for Hazardous  Air Pollutants  (NESHAP),  and
NAAQS development,  and operation  of the modeling clearinghouse  for sulfur dioxide.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of  $5,657,200  supported by  65.6
total workyears for this program,  of  which  $4,437,800  is from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $1,219,400 is from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

     Improvements to  the general  monitoring  regulations  are  being  promulgated.
Also, revised  monitoring  regulations  to  reflect   revisions  to  the  NAAQSs  for
particulate matter  and  sulfur dioxide  are  being proposed.   Implementation  of the
toxic pollution monitoring  strategy is  continuing  with  the  expansion  of the TAMS
network to two sites in each of the TAMS1 three cities;

     The emissions  program  is concentrating  on  completing PM^g  emission  factors,
managing Regional  Office  and State  efforts  to develop  an emissions data  base
for acid  preicpitation  assessments,  completing  reports  on dioxin  emission  tests,
and providing preliminary data for toxic pollutants.  The modeling program is being
maintained.  An updated  modeling  guideline  is being  promulgated,  operation  of the
sulfur dioxide Model Clearinghouse  and  other photochemical and  dispersion modeling
guidance-activities are  continuing,  and the  multi-year  program to evaluate  model


                                       A-52

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accuracy is proceeding  on  schedule.   Diffusion modeling support is continuing  for
estimating the effect  of toxic emissions  on the environment  as  the Agency's  air
toxics strategy is implemented.  Development of the facility subsystem  for AIRS  has
been initiated.  Development of the  air quality subsystem will continue  with testing
of software and preparation  of data bases for  conversion.   Scientific  analyses  in
support of new and  revised  ambient  and  emission standards  are  continuing.   Efforts
to develop the scientific data, monitoring regulations,  emission factors,  and  other
technical guidance  necessary  for  successful  implementation of the proposed PMio
NAAQS will be continued.


1985 Accomp1i s hment s

     In 1985, the Agency obligated $5,147,900 supported  by 66.8 total workyears  for
this program, of which  $3,306,000 was  from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,841,900 was  from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.  Con-
tract funds supported the ambient monitoring  program, the  emission  factor program,
air quality modeling, guidance  for  revised NAAQS implementation and trends reports
and analyses.

     In 1985, emphasis continued on operating the existing air  data  systems, and on
providing support to 35  State  and local  agencies using  EPA developed data  systems.
Other major  activities  included preparation  of  special  air quality and  emission
analyses, statistics, and reports; national oversight of State  and local monitoring
programs including  on-site  audits of  70 NAMS;  and  modeling guidance   and support
including operation of the control  strategies clearinghouse.  Implementation of  the
national strategy  for air  toxics  monitoring  continued,  including  preparation  of
guidance on network design and  operation; assessing progress in  toxics monitoring by
Federal, State, and local agencies;  and developing  a long-term plan for the imple-
mentation of  the  toxics  monitoring strategy.   Emission tests  were  conducted  to
support the National Dioxin Study.  Also, in 1985, the program published one criteria
pollutant emission factor supplement  and emission factors for five toxic substances.
PMio emission inventory guidance was also prepared.  Development of  the air quality
segment  of  AIRS   continued  with   completion  of  software   for  maintaining  the
geographical files, converting data, and retrieving data.
                                        A-53

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
AIR
    ENFORCEMENT
       Stationary Source Enforcement.......	 A-55
       Mobile Source Enforcement...........	 A-59
                                      A-54

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                                                                     AIR

                                                        Stationary Source Enforcement

                                                 ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED     CURRENT     ESTIMATE     INCREASE +
                                                  1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET      ESTIMATE      1987       DECREASE -
                                                              1986                 REDUCTION      1986                 1987 VS 1986

                                                                 (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
               PROGRAM
Ul
ui
Stationary Source
Enforcement
  Salaries * Expenses          $10,790.7   $12,008.5  $11,883.0     -$511.1    $11,371,9    $12,155.8     $783.9
  Abatement Control and         $2,981.0    $3,038.0   $3,038.0     -$130.6     $2,907.4     $2,941.0      $33.fi
  Compliance
                        TOTAL  $13,771.7   $15,046.5  $14,921.0     -$641.7    $14,279.3    $15,096.8     $817.5

TOTAL:
  Salaries * Expenses          $10,790.7   $12,008.5  $11,R83.0     -$511.1    $11,371.9    $12,155.8     $783.9
  Abatement Control and         $2,981.0    $3,038.0   $3,038.0     -$130.6     $2,907.4     $2,941.0      $33.6
  Compliance

Stationary Source       TOTAL  $13,771.7   $15,046.5  $14,921.0     -$641.7    $14,279.3    $15,096.8     $817.5
Enforcement
               PERMANENT MORKYEARS
               Stationary Source
               Enforcement

               TOTAL PERMANENT MORKYEARS
                                   282.0       291.0       291.4
                                   282.0       291.0      291.4
                                   291.4
                                                                                                  291.4
            297.4
                                               297.4
             6.0
                         6.0
               TOTAL IfORKYFARS

               Stationary Source
               Enforcement.
                                   297.3
312.5      312.4
312,4
318.4
6.0
               TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                   2Q 7.3
312.5      312.4
                                                                                                  312.4
            318.4
             6.0

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                                        AIR

                           Stationary Source Enforcement
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $15,096,800  supported  by  318.4 total  workyears
for 1987, an increase of $817,500 and  6.0 total workyears from 1986.  Of the request
$12,155,800 will  be for the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation and  $2,941,000
will be  for the  Abatement,   Control  and  Compliance  appropriation,  increases  of
$783,900 and $33,600, respectively.

Program Description'

     The stationary  source enforcement  program provides direct  Federal  enforcement
and support to, and coordination with, State and local air pollution control agencies
as required to ensure that stationary sources achieve  and  maintain compliance  with
the requirements  of the Clean Air Act, as  amended in 1977,  The  EPA  headquarters
component provides  national policy and  guidance, while the Regional  Office program
implements the enforcement  effort and assists the States.

     Stati onary Source Enforcement — This  program focuses  primarily  on  enforce-
ment oftherequirements  established  in  State  Implementation Plans  (SIPs)   for
meeting National  Ambient  Air  Quality  Standards  (NAAQSs).   The  enforcement  pro^
gram also focuses  on new source programs such as  New  Source Performance  Standards
(NSPSs) and  National Emission  Standards  for Hazardous  Air  Pollutants  (NESHAPs).

     As a  result  of industry  efforts in  controlling  emissions and the  effective-
ness of  State,  local, and Federal  control  programs,  approximately  90 percent  of
the more than  18,000 major stationary  sources  have  achieved compliance with  all
applicable emission  limitations.   Although  the  current  rate of compliance  repre-
sents a  significant achievement, efforts  must  continue  to ensure that  remaining
sources come  into compliance  with present  standards,  that compliance is  obtained
with any new or  revised standards,  and that compliance,  once achieved,  is main-
tained.  EPA  will  continue to  provide State and  local   agencies with  technical
support in their  efforts to  realize these  goals  and, where  appropriate, initiate
its own enforcement  actions.


STATIONARY SOURCE ENFORCEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $15,096,800  supported  by  318.4 total work-
years for this program, of which $12,155,800 will  be for  the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and  $2,941,000  will  be  for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.  This  represents  Increases  of $783,900 and  $33,600,  respectively,
and an  increase  of  6.0 total  workyears.   Increased  resources   will support   a
pilot inspection project to determine whether  intensive  inspections  of particulate
and  volatile   organic  compound (VOC)  sources  can result in a major  reduction  in
air toxics.

     In 1987, the stationary  source compliance program will carry forward  the basic
thrust of the program now being implemented in 1986.  The program,  working in close
cooperation with State and  local  agencies, will continue to ensure that noncomplying
significant sources  in areas not meeting NAAQSs are  brought into compliance, consis-
tent with the  Clean Air Act.   Enforcement actions  will  be  brought  against  NSPSs,
NESHAPs, and  prevention  of significant  deterioration  (PSD)   violators and  against
Class A  sources in  nonattainment  areas (i.e.,  sources  with actual   or  potential
uncontrolled emissions of at  least 100 tons per  year).

     Implementation  of  the asbestos  demolition  and  renovation  strategy  will  con-
tinue, as will  initiatives to enforce other NESHAPs.  Use  of Continuous  Emissions
Monitoring (CEM)  data  will be expanded in  inspection targeting  and  enforcement.
The fundamental activities  such as  permitting  and  compliance  functions for  non-


                                      A-56

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delegated programs,  maintenance  of  data  systems,  participation  in  section   105
grant management and negotiation  of State/EPA Agreements,  review  of  State  programs,
and response to formal  inquiries  will  be maintained.

     In 1987,  the  stationary  source  compliance program  will   be  increasing  its
efforts to  enhance  the compliance  of VOC  sources  in  ozone nonattainment areas.
This will include an intensified overview program with additional and more  compre-
hensive inspections of VOC sources  in selected ozone  nonattainment  areas.

     A pilot project will  also be  initiated  to  determine  whether intensive  inspec-
tions of sources subject  to  current  air pollution emission standards for particu-
lates and VOCs can result  in a significant  reduction  in  air toxics.   Such  intensive
inspections should result  in greater attention to source operation  and  maintenance,
minimizing constant or cyclic emissions  which in the aggregate  present a signifi-
cant health  risk,  especially  in "hot  spot" areas  comprising   a  multiplicity  of
sources with such emissions.

     During 1987, the  Regional compliance  program will  continue to  provide assis-
tance in  selected  Federal  judicial   referrals,  consent decrees,  and  section  120
actions,  there  are  plans to  conduct an  estimated   1,694 inspections,  and  issue
approximately 131.  administrative  orders during  1987,,   The Regional  Offices  will
also provide training  and workshops  for State inspectors and support the develop-
ment of local compliance strategies.

     In 1987, EPA  Headquarters will  develop  policy  guidance and planning and  bud-
geting materials;  review  selected Regional  activities  and  Regional program  per-
formance; assure the  enforceability   of  proposed Agency  regulations under NSPSs,
NESHAPs, and  new  source/PSD programs;  respond to  formal inquiries;  manage  the
Compliance  Data   System;   develop   workshops,  manuals,   and  pilot studies;  and
manage a program to  provide  technical  analysis  and  case support for Regional  com-
pliance activities.


1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is  allocating a total   of $14,279,300  supported by  312.4
total workyears  to this  program,  of which  $11,371,900 is from the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $2,907,400 is from the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.

     The major  focus  of  the stationary source compliance program  in  1986 is  to
ensure that  noncomplying  significant  sources  are brought  into compliance.  Efforts
to  improve  working  relationships with  State  and local  air pollution  agencies  and
to  improve their technical capabilities are continuing through such  program-building
activities as technical workshops  and manuals,  as well  as direct  case  assistance
where requested.   Federal  enforcement   action  is focusing heavily  on   violating
sources in  nonattainment  areas,  with particular emphasis  on  VOC sources.  EPA is
working closely with States  in this  effort through implementation of Agency  guid-
ance on  timely  and  appropriate  enforcement  actions.   Efforts  are continuing  to
improve the  inventory  of  regulated   VOC  sources and  information   on  source  com-
pliance status.  Efforts  are also  being directed at  resolution   of NSPS  and NESHAP
violators, where the  standards have  not been delegated or where  State  action  is
inadequate.  Major  initiatives  in  1986  include  implementation of the Agency's
NESHAPs enforcement  strategy for  asbestos  demolition and  renovation  sources  and
enforcement of CEM requirements for NSPS sources.

     During 1986, the  Regional  compliance program  is also  continuing to  provide
assistance in  selected Federal  judicial  referrals,  consent  decrees,  and  section
120 actions.  Also, EPA is to issue administrative orders, as necessary, in environ-
mentally significant cases where States cannot or will  not  take appropriate enforce-
ment action.  There are plans to conduct an  estimated 1,725 inspections  and  issue
approximately 105 administrative  orders during 1986.
                                       A-57

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     Headquarters efforts  in  1986 Include  continuation of  continuous compliance
pilot projects.   As   part  of  the Initiative to  explore  various  techniques  to
address problems  of   ensuring  continuous  compliance,  the  surveillance targeting
pilot Initiated in 1985  1s being  completed  and  new pilot  projects,  relating to
recordkeeping requirements and  analysis  of  alleged  malfunction data,  are being
initiated.  Work to promote use  of CEM equipment, including  support for Regional
and State efforts  directed at enforcing-  CEM  requirements  for  NSPS  sources,  is a
major activity in 1986.  Considerable emphasis is  being  placed on addressing issues
relating to  VOC  sources,   including  development  of  strategies  to  address  Class B
violators.  Oversight  of  Regional  programs  to  ensure  national  consistency  and
effectiveness, through a  combination  of review of certain  classes  of  enforcement
actions and a more comprehensive  programmatic  review, remains a significant function
of this program.

     Major Headquarters program accomplishments in 1986  include: the  development of
a Class B  VOC source  compliance  strategy;  review of  proposed   Agency  regulations
under NSPSs, NESHAPs,  and new source/PSD programs; management of  the Compliance Data
System; support of State  compliance data programs  development;  provision of techni-
cal analysis and case  support for Regional Office compliance  activities,  development
of three new technical workshops  to  enhance  the capabilities  of State and local
programs;  and  development of  two  new  compliance  manuals  for State  and  local
programs.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated   $13,771,700  supported  by   297.3  total  work-
years for this  program,  of which  $10,790,700 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and  $2,981,000  was  from  the   Abatement,   Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.  Extramural resources  were  used  for  enforcement case  development
activities,  compliance   monitoring,   Regional  data   management,  development of
technical  workshops  and  manuals  to   enhance  State  and local  programs capabili-
ties, and limited direct  case assistance to States.

     A major  Headquarters  accomplishment  in  1985 was  the  Implementation  of the
asbestos demolition and  renovation  and vinyl  chloride NESHAPs compliance moni-
toring  and  enforcement   strategies   which  address  the  most  significant inci-
dences of  NESHAPs noncompllance.    The Inspection  frequency  guidance to  State
and local   air pollution  control  agencies  was revised to  improve  the  definition
of an  acceptable  Inspection.   As  part  of  an  effort to   find ways  to  upgrade
inspection programs,  EPA completed three continuous compliance pilots.

     Also  during  1985,  the   program   promulgated   second-period   nonferrous
smelter order  regulations, establishing a  regulatory  framework for  compliance
extensions through January 1,  1988.   Program  accomplishments during  1985   also
Included work toward  the  development  of  four technical workshops  to enhance the
capabilities  of   State   and  local   programs,   and completion of  one new  com-
pliance manual.  During   1985,   EPA   Issued   101  administrative orders, and  con-
ducted 1726 inspections.
                                        A-58

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                                                                      AIR

                                                           Mobile Source Enforcement
Ul
10


PROGRAM
Mobile Source
Enforcement
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl i ance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl i ance
Mobile Source TOTAL
Enforcement
PERMANENT MORKYEARS
Mobi 1 e Source
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT IIORKYEARS
TOTAL HORKYEARS
Mobile Source
Enforcement
ACTUAL
1985


$4,653.6
$1,962.1
$6,615.7
$4,653.6
$1,96?. 1
$6,615.7

96.8
96.8

103.9
BljnfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS

$4,759.4
$1,821.5
$6,580.9
$4,759.4
$1,821.5
$6,580.9

99.3
99.3

101.1
ENACTED
1986
IN THOUSANDS)

$4,950.2
$1,821,5
$6,771.7
$4,950,2
$1,821.5
$6,771.7

106,8
106.8

108,6
BALANCED CURRENT
BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 19R6


-$212.8 $4,737.4
-$78.3 $1,743.2
-$291.1 $6,480.6
-$212.8 $4,737=4
-$78.3 $1,743.2
-$291.1 $6,480.6

106.8
106.8

108.6
ESTIMATE
1987


$4,897.7
$2,021.5
$6,919.2
$4,897.7
$2,021.5
$6,919.2

102.8
102.8

104.6
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


$160.3
$278.3
$438.6
$160.3
$278.3
$438.6

-4.0
-4.0

-4.0
                TOTAL  HORKYEARS
103.9
                                                              101.1
108.6
108.6
                                                           104.6
                                                                                                                          -4.0

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                                        AIR


                             Mobile Source Enforcement


BudgetRequest

     The Agency requests a  total  of $6,919,200 supported by  104.6  total  workyears
for 1987 an  increase  of $438,600 and a decrease  of  4.0 total  workyears  from 1986.
Of the  request,  $4,897,700 will  be  for. the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation
and $2,021,500 will  be for the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  appropriation,
an increase of $160,300 and $278,300 respectively.

Program Descripti on

     The mobile source  enforcement  program is directed primarily at  ensuring  com-
pliance with the motor  vehicle emission standards and fuel  regulations  required  by
the Clean Air Act.  The activities carried out as part of  this program are designed
to ensure that new and in-use vehicles are  capable  of meeting emission  standards
throughout their useful lives, that vehicle emission  control systems are not removed
or rendered  inoperative,  and that harmful  additives  are  not present in  gasoline.
The program also includes the  issuance of California and statutory emissions waivers.


MOBILE SOURCE ENFORCEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $6,919,200 supported by  104.6  total  workyears
for this program,  of which  $4,897,700 will  be for the Salaries and  Expenses appro-
priation and $2,021,500 will be  for the  Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropria-
tion.  This  represents  increases  of $160,300  and  $278,300,  respectively, and  a
decrease of  4.0 total workyears.  The decreases are  related  to the  fuels  enforce-
ment program.  The increase will support additional  recall  and fuels investigation.

     In support of the ozone control  strategy,  the recall  program will  involve
investigation of 20  suspect light-duty  vehicle exhaust emission  classes,  together
with related  diagnostic evaluation  and  remedy development  work.    Noncompliance
penalties for heavy-duty engines will be  implemented. An  estimated five emissions
waiver requests from  the  State  of  California will  be  processed.  The  regulatory
revision of the imports requirements (scheduled for  promulgation in  late 1986)  will
be implemented, while at the same time the  program will process an estimated 128,000
applications for importation  of  nonconforming vehicles.  The  Selective Enforcement
Audit (SEA) program will conduct  17 audits of light-duty manufacturer facilities and
four audits  of heavy-duty  manufacturer facilities  to ensure that  new  production
vehicles and  engines  meet  emissions requirements.   Approximately  1,200  consumer
inquiries on  emissions  warranty issues will  be answered.  The  anti-tampering and
anti-fuel switching enforcement program will include  450 investigations,  which  will
result in an estimated 50 notices of  violation.  Surveys of the incidence of tamper-
ing and fuel switching will  be carried out at 15 sites.  EPA will  continue to assist
with the development of State and local initiatives   aimed  at preventing tampering
and fuel switching.   Implementation  of nine  new  State programs, for a  cumulative
total of 37, is anticipated.   A new  anti-tampering preventive  action  initiative
will commence  with  the establishment of  programs in ten  locations.  An  expanded
fuels enforcement  program will  focus  on a'ssuring that effective  enforcement of the
lead phasedown regulations  is not  limited to paper  reviews of  refineries  and  that
it applies  to  all  elements  of the fuels  market,  including  the growing  numbers  of
importers and blenders; assuring that new fuel additives  introduced  into the market
in response  to the  curtailment of  lead  do  not pose  new environmental  hazards;
conducting 12,000 inspections of vehicle fueling facilities  and  making  determina-
tions on an  estimated three fuels  waiver  applications.   A  study  of the  effects  of
using unleaded and low lead gasoline on farm equipment will  be completed.
                                     A-60

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1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating  a total  of  $6,48B,6QO supported  by  108.6
total workyears for  this program,  of which  $4,737,400  is from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $1,743,200 is from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

     The recall program continues surveillance  and confirmatory testing,  follow-up
and investigation of  suspect engine  classes,  and, if  warranted, issuance  of recall
orders*  New activities  underway  in  the  recall  program  include a  pilot  evaporative
emissions recall investigation  program.   Statutory   and  California  waivers  will
be issued as  required.   The SEA  program  continues to ensure that new   production
vehicles comply with  emission  requirements.   Inquiries and  applications  for  the
importation of  noncertified  vehicles will continue,  and  regulations revising  the
imports program will  be promulgated.

     Also underway  is  the development and  implementation  of  a  strategy  aimed  at
attaining increased State participation to reduce automobile  emissions  that result
from tampering and fuel  switching.   This  will result in the  establishment of nine
new anti-tampering  and  fuel  switching  programs by  States  and localities.   Other
activities include: conducting fuels  inspections  for  compliance with lead, nozzle,
and label regulations; administering tampering and fuel  switching  cases; evaluating
fuel and fuel  additive  waiver  requests;  and  collecting data  on fuel switching  to
assess misfueling  rates.   A study  of the effects on farm equipment of  the lead
phasedown regulations will be started.


1985 Accompl i shments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  $6,615,700  supported  by  103.9 total  workyears
for this program,  of which $4,653,600 was  from the  Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation and  $1,962,100 was  from  the  Abatement, Control  and  Compliance  appro-
priation.

     Recall investigations  were  conducted   for  35  mid-mileage  vehicle  classes,
and 17  SEAs   were  performed.   Two   emissions  waivers were  issued  and nine  were
reviewed.  Over 16,000  letters  and  44,000 telephone inquiries regarding  importa-
tion of  vehicles  were  answered  and  69,383  applications  were received.   Revised
import regulations   were prepared.   Six  notices of  violation were issued  under
the lead phasedown program, and  645 notices  of violation under the  anti-tampering
and fuel switching program.  Five States  and  localities implemented  anti-tampering
and fuel  switching programs.   A  revised rule for  phasing  down  the use  of lead
in gasoline was promulgated.
                                        A-61

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Water Quality
     SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                                            ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                                  1987 Budget Estimate
\ ^
                                                   Table of Contents
                                                                                               Page
                   MATER QUALITY                                                               WQ-1

                       RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
                          Water Quality Research....,	 WQ-9
                             Scienti f1c Assessment.	,	,	 WQ-14
                             Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	 WQ-15
                             Health Effects	,	,	 WQ-16
                             Environmental Engineering and Technology	WQ-17
                             Environmental Processes and  Effects..	 WQ-18
                             Great Lakes	 WQ-19
                          Comprehensive Estuarine Management.,....,	 WQ-20
                       ABATEMENT & CONTROL
                          Water Quality and Grants Program Management.......	WQ-23
                             Water Quality Management....,	 WQ-25
                             Great Lakes Program.	.	 WQ-27
                             Chesapeake Bay Program	 WQ-28
                          Effluent Standards & Guidelines	 WQ-31
                          Grants Assistance Programs	 WQ-35
                             Clean Lakes Program....	 WQ-36
                             Control Agency Resource Supplementation  (Section 106)	 WQ-37
                             Training Grants (Section 104).........	 WQ-38
                          Water Quality Strategies Implementation	 WQ-39
                             Dredge & Fill	WQ-42
                             Ocean Disposal Permits	 WQ-43
                             Environmental Emergency Response & Prevention	 WQ-44
                             Standards & Regulations	 WQ-46
                          Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis......................	 WQ-48
                             Coastal Environment Management	 WQ-50
                             Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis	WQ-52
                          Municipal Source Control.......	 WQ-55
                             Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction	 WQ-57
                             Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance	 WQ-59
                       ENFORCEMENT
                             Water Quality Enforcement	 WQ-61
                             Water Quality Permit Issuance....	 WQ-66
                             Permi t Issuance	WQ-67
                                                        WQ-1

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APPROPRIATE
                                                               HATER QUALITY
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                   (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
 Salaries & Ixpenses
 Abatement Ctntrol and
 Compliance
 Research & levelopment
 Abatement Ccntrol and
 Compliance

TOTAL, Water Quality
 $95,148.0   $98,791.6    $99,808.8
$127,048.3  $131,306.9   $144,646.9

 $14,713.6   $11,587.7    $12,1514.7
 $13,000.0
-$4,291.8    $95,517.0   $95,712.1      $195.1
-$6,219.8   $138,427.1  $114,628.9  -$23,798.2

  -$521.7    $11,603.0    $7,500.0   -$4,103.0
$249,909.9  $241,686,2   $256,580.4   -$11,033.3   $245,547,1  $217,841.0  -$27,706.1
PERMANENT WOi'K YEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
   1,957.0     2,003.3      2,056.5                   2,05€.5     2,021.1       -35.4
   2,191.5     2,248.6      2,283.0                   2,283.0     2,181.8      -101.2
$240,952.3  $241,236.4   $246,907.3    -$6,595.9   $240,311.4  $235,732.7   -$4,578.7
 Authorization for the Clean Hater Act, except for Construction Grants, expired
 September 30, 1982.  The authorization for Construction Grants expired September 30,
 1985,  Reauthor1zat1on for both Is pending.

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                                 WATER QUALITY


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY

     The Agency derives its water  quality  objectives from two statutes: the  Clean
Water Act  and  the  Marine Protection,  Research and  Sanctuaries Act.   Both laws
direct the Agency  to take measures  to protect the  Nation's  waters  to safeguard
public health,  recreational use, and aquatic life.

     The Clean   Water Act  provides  a comprehensive  structure  for water pollution
control.  The Act relies  on a  well-defined  partnership  between EPA and the  States.
EPA continues to  encourage the  States  to  take primary responsibility for  imple-
menting the Act.  The  Act provides  for monitoring  of water quality,  water  quality
management planning to design  needed control  measures,  development of  water  quality
standards, and   establishment  of technology-based  and water quality-based effluent
limits for point  source dischargers.  EPA  and the States  implement  a permit  and
enforcement program for municipal and industrial point  source  dischargers.   EPA  and
the Corps  of  Engineers  regulate discharges  of dredged  and  fill  materials into
U.S. waters.   In addition, the Act provides for grants  to  communities  for construc-
tion of wastewater treatment facilities.

     The Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries  Act is  designed to protect  the
ocean from unregulated dumping of material  that would endanger human health,  public
welfare, the marine environment, or economic potential.  The Act  authorizes  the
Agency to develop criteria for ocean  disposal of industrial waste, municipal  sludges
and other materials, and dredged materials  and incineration-at-sea.  For both ocean
dumping and incineration-at-sea, EPA is  authorized to  designate  disposal sites  and
issue permits for  all  non-dredged materials.  Although the  Corps of  Engineers  is
responsible for  issuing  permits for  dredged  materials,  EPA  must  review  those
applications for consistency with Agency criteria.

     In 1987 and beyond, water quality  programs will follow several major.directions
to include moving base  programs from  standards and guidance development to implemen-
tation and compliance;  emphasizing toxic controls across all  programs;  strengthening
protection of all waters  from  from difficult  or uncontrolled  sources  of pollution;
focusing on integrated  intermedia  impacts;  and managing for targeted  environmental
results.

     The 1987 Water Quality request focuses on several  major objectives to meet  the
requirements of the Acts in the 1980s:


National Municipal Policy Enforcement Follow-Up

     The National Municipal Policy was adopted by the Agency as a means of assuring
that all municipalities  meet  the  statutory requirements  for  wastewater discharge
limitations by no later than July 1, 1988,  except  in  cases of physical or financial
impossibility.   The policy has  substantial  environmental  significance as it seeks
to accelerate the installation of necessary treatment technology, thus reducing  the
loading of pollutants,  including toxic  pollutants,  introduced  into  the Nation's
waters.  With the rapidly approaching deadline, and with the potential contribution
by municipalities to water quality  standards  violations,  including  toxics, this
activity will continue to be  a high priority  in  1987.  By the  end  of 1986,  all
major municipalities in  nondelegated  States  needing  construction  to meet  permit
limits will have been  placed  on enforceable  schedules.  In  1987,  EPA  will focus  on
assuring that permittees placed on enforceable schedules comply with  those schedules
and will substantially increase efforts to  place  minor permittees  on  enforceable
compliance schedules.

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Pretreatment Cornpli ance and Enforcement

     The pretreatment program provides a  mechanism for the  control  of toxic  dis-
charges to  sewage treatment' plants,  thus  protecting treatment plant operation  and
reducing the pass-through  of  toxic  pollutants to the  environment.   By the end  of
1986, all  Publicly   Owned  Treatment Works  (POTWs) needing  pretreatment  programs
should have approved programs in place.

     In 1987, EPA efforts  will  shift from program  approval  to oversight  of dele-
gated State programs, oversight of  approved  POTW programs where there is  no State
delegation, and direct implementation where there is no local  control  authority  or
approved State.  Direct  implementation  by EPA  will  include compliance  assessment
and enforcement against  industrial  users, including detailed  sampling inspections
where necessary, to determine compliance with categorical  standards.

     EPA will initiate enforcement actions against  noncomplying POTWs in  nondele-
gated States which  fail  to  implement  the approved program.   Parallel  enforcement
actions will  be  taken  against  industries   which discharge  into  these  POTWs.

Permit Issuance

     Permit issuance will  continue  to focus  on control  of  toxic pollutants  dis-
charged to  surface  waters.  The EPA major permit  backlog should be eliminated  by
the end  of  1985 and the backlog  will  stay  below  10%  at least through  1987.   The
general focus during 1987  will  be on  Issuing permits  that expired or will  expire
during the year and  on  modifying  permits, with priority  being given to  toxic  pol-
lutant controls and  water  quality considerations.   EPA will  continue  to work  with
delegated States and assist them in reducing their major permit backlog, which should
be eliminated by  the end  of  1986.   Additionally,  major  municipal  permits  will  be
modified to  incorporate  final  301(h)  waiver  decisions,  pretreatment  program  ap-
provals and related Implementation requirements.  Increased emphasis  will be placed
on issuing permits to environmentally significant minor and unpermitted  dischargers,
especially those that adversely affect water quality and those with toxic discharges.

     In waters where Best  Available  Technology (BAT)  is  not sufficient to achieve
State water quality  standards, EPA  will  -continue  to  support. States  in  adopting
toxic criteria in water quality  standards; to  strengthen State capability  to develop
and issue water quality-based limitations  for the  control of toxic discharges;  and
to provide technical assistance in conducting waste load allocations  which  form the
basis for permit limits based on water quality.

Analysis of Toxic Pollutants

     To support State water quality  programs, EPA's criteria program will  continue
its work to identify and  evaluate  toxic pollutants through  development  of water
quality criteria and advisories.  Emphasis will  shift  from conventional  pollutants
and heavy metals to toxic  pollutants which may be  ubiquitous  in  the  environment  or
whose potentially toxic effects at low levels are not  known.

     The program  will  also continue data  collection  and analyses of  eight  unreg-
ulated industrial  categories  known  to  discharge! toxic pollutants, such  as organic
chemicals and metals,  in significant amounts.  The Agency will  use  these  analyses
to decide  whether  technology-based controls  are  needed  for  these  industries.

     In the area of intermedia impacts, the program will  promulgate regulations for
the use  or  disposal  (land  applications,  distribution  and marketing,  landfilUng,
incineration and ocean disposal) of sewage sludge that  protect human  health and the
environment from toxic pollutants in sludge.   The program will  examine  other unreg-
ulated contaminants  in  fish  tissue  with  potential to bio-accumulate  in  the  food
chain and consequently harm human health.   This analysis of bioaccumulative pollut-
ants may  identify  pollutants for  which  EPA  needs -to develop criteria in  future
years.
                                       WQ-4

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Implementing a Marine Protection Program

     The incineration-at-sea program  should  become  operational  with  corresponding
demands for permit writing  and  compliance  activities  for both burn sites and  burn
operations.  These activities will  also generate an increased need for  monitoring
at designated sites  to  assure minimal  risk  to  the  environment.   There  will be  an
increased emphasis on public outreach to increase the understanding of the  general
public to the environmental safety of the  process.  A national data system  will  be
used to develop  a systematic  in-depth profile  of  the  incineration  process as  a
basis for future forecasting of environmental  impacts and to develop recommendations
for improved operations.

     Comprehensive revisions to  the  ocean dumping  regulations  will   be  proposed.
Ongoing site management responsibilities for ocean  dumping sites will increase  as
more sites are designated final and the usage  of  deep water disposal sites  increases.

Focusing on Basins of Major Importance

     The Agency will  continue to  focus  on  basins of major importance  to  the public
and the Congress,  by continuing the  Federal  commitment  to the Chesapeake  Bay and
Great Lakes program,  as well  as  to the  estuarine management program  begun in 1985.
The Agency  will  support actions  to  implement the  Chesapeake Bay Restoration and
Protection Plan, through  cost-sharing grants to the  States,  primarily  for  imple-
mentation of nonpoint source control  practices in critical areas,

     EPA's Great  Lakes  National  Program   Office  will  continue  to meet the  U.S.
obligations under our International  Agreement with Canada  to support water pollution
control in the  Great Lakes.  The focus will be on  remedial  action plans  for the
abatement of in-place toxics problems and the use of fish,  water, and  air sampling
to determine water quality improvement and  to identify  emerging  problems.

     In 1987, the Agency will continue  work  begun in 1985 to quantify and  control
pollutant loads, assess basin-wide  trends  and recommend  needed actions  to  restore
or enhance environmental quality  of Long  Island Sound,  Narragansett  Bay,  Buzzards
Bay, and  Puget  Sound.  The Agency  will   manage a technology  transfer   system  to
ensure that the technologies and methodologies developed in these basins  are shared
with other Federal, State and local  programs.

     In order to  address  nonpoint sources  of  pollution,  EPA  will work  with other
Federal agencies to  identify  and encourage the use of appropriate  best  management
practices on  Federal  lands, with special  emphasis on priority  areas such  as the
Chesapeake Bay.  EPA will  continue to encourage those  agencies  to support develop-
ment of cost-effective  State and local programs  to control  nonpoint  sources  in
priority waters.

Continuing Protection of Metlands

     The major effort in  1987  in the dredge and fill  program will be to move to-
ward a more  focused, anticipatory  program through the  use of  advanced identifi-
cation; development  and  application   of   technical  guidance  and  regulations  to
ensure effective  protection of  the  waters  of  the United  States;  and  encourage
States to  assume Section  404 permitting  authority from the Federal  government.

     Headquarters will develop guidance and implement revised procedures to identify
and address the  most significant national environmental  problems in  wetlands and
other aquatic systems.  The Regions will  review and  comment on  public  notices  of
permit applications and will establish jurisdictional boundaries.  Headquarters and
Regions will  develop innovative  techniques  to  encourage  State  assumption  of the
program and increase cooperative efforts with other Federal agencies.
                                        WQ-5

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Hanaging Construction Grants

     The Agency will  work with States in order to ensure an effective transition
of management and financial responsibility to State and local  governments.  EPA
will issue needed  policies and guidance  and provide technical assistance  and
training.  EPA will continue essential oversight of delegated State programs  and
wastewater treatment facilities construction, operations, and maintenance to  en-
sure continuing compliance with program requirements.

     Although the Agency's  request  for budget authority 1s reduced  from 1986,
staffing remains relatively constant due to continuing workload associated with
managing and completing projects funded from previous appropriations.

Environmental Emergency Response

     The Environmental Emergency Response program  will  continue to maintain an
around-the-clock capability to receive notice of and respond to major incidents
of accidental releases of oil or other petroleum products. (Spills of hazardous
substances are  covered  under Superfund.)   Removal  actions will be directed by
Regional personnel  at serious incidents where the responsible party is unidenti-
fiable, refuses to clean up, or  is incapable of providing adequate response,  and
where State  or  local  authorities  lack  appropriate expertise  or  resources.

     The cleanup monitoring program  will  continue  to  provide incentives  for
adequate removal by  responsible parties,  as well  as serve as  a  mechanism  for
drawing State  and  local   agencies  into  directing  removals  themselves.   The
Agency's focus  in  1987  will be on  encouraging  State and local governments to
assume a  greater  share  of the  responsibility  for  responding  to oil  spills.
Federal resources,  therefore, will  be concentrated  on major actions where State,
local, or private response is not feasible.

Research and Development

     In 1987 the program will emphasize research to support the development  and
implementation of  regulations  for  sludge  management and the  impact  of ocean
dumping and  incineration-at-sea on  the  marine  ecosystem.  The  program will also
initiate work  for  categorizing wetlands.  Ongoing  support for  the permits  and
enforcement  programs through  validation of toxieity  reduction  evaluations  and
operation of the Discharge  Monitoring Report  Quality Assurance  Program will be
maintained.  Evaluations of  innovative  and  alternative  waste  treatment control
technologies will  continue.   A pilot  program will  be  initiated  to  charge to
public and private users  for  certain quality  assurance  services  provided by
EPA.

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                                      WATER QUALITY
                                Actual
                                 1985
 Budget
Estimate
  1986
Current
Estimate
  1986
         Increase (+)
Estimate Decrease [-)
  1987   1987 vs. 1986
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES
Incremental Outputs

Ocean Dumping Permits	    25

Construction Grants Awards.....   476

Active Construction Grants
Projects..	 4,319

Step 3 and Step 2+3 Project
Compl etions	   833

Permits Issued by EPA:
    Municipal
     Major	   278
     Minor	..   411
    Non-Municipal
     Major,	  .210
     Mi nor	   650
     General	     Z
    Adjudicatory Hearings
     Settled	    67

Enforcement Actions:
    Inspect!ons....	 2,080
    Notices of Violation..	    24
    Administrative Orders	 1,028
    Civil Litigation.....	   118
    Criminal Litigation..	     7

Clean Lakes Projects
Awarded	    30

Water Quality Criteria	    19

 Cumulati ve Outputs

Signed 205(g) agreements	    50

Final Effluent Guidelines	    28

Propose Regulations for
Sludge Reuse/Disposal
Qpti ons	

NPDES State Program Approvals..    37

Local Pretreatment Program
Approvals (EPA)		   581
   25

  683


3,972


  942
  216
  250

  187
  500
   15

  104
2,100
  110
  491
  159
    7
    0

   17



   51

   29



    5

   41


  730
   25

  148


2,849


  773
  204
  320

  193
  306
    8

   80
2.100
   50
  642
  180
    5
   25

   10



   50

   37



    5

   39


  670
   25

  306


2,352


  821
  172
  500

  244
 1000
   15

  104
2,243
   50
  877
  153
    5
    0

    9



   50

   41



    5

   39


  670
-148


-803


 +48
 -32
+180

 +51
+694
  +7

 +24
+143

+235
 -27
 -25

   i
  +4
                                          WQ-7

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
WATER QUALITY

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Water Quality Research..........	 WQ-9
          Sci enti fi c Assessment.	 WQ-14
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	WQ-15
          Health Effects	,	 WQ-16
          Environmental Engineering and Technology......................... WQ-17
          Environmental Processes and Effects	 WQ-18
          Great Lakes	....,....,	 WQ-19
       Comprehensive Estuarine Management...	WQ-20
                                    WQ-8

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PROGRAM
                                                 WATER QUALITY

                                            Water Quality Research
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                             (DOLLARS  IN  THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Water Quality
  Salaries & Expenses
  Research & Development

Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance -
Water Quality
  Salaries § Expenses
  Research ft Development
TOTAL
                        TOTAL
Health Effects - Water
Quality
  Salaries & Expenses
  Research fl Development

Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Water
Quality
  Salaries A Expenses
  Research & Development
TOTAL
                        TOTAL
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Water
Quality
  Salaries & Expenses
  Research 8 Development
                        TOTAL
$285.9
$75.1
$361.0
$2,748.3
$694.0
$3,442.3
$1,313.5
$1,386.2
$2,699.7
$2,794.3
$5,464.8
$8, 259. 1
$8,486.3
$1,789.6
$10,275.9
$302.5
$90.0
,$392.5
$302.8
$89.4
$392.2
$2,840.5 $2,741.8
$861.9 $857.3
$3,702.4 $3,599.1
$1,529.9 3
$1,460.6 !
$2,990.5 :
11,458.9
1,334.3
12.793.2
$2,384.6 $2,441.6
$5,731.2 $5,170.9
$8,115.8 $7,612.5
$9,357.2 $9,214.9
$2,944.0 $2,775.4
$12,301.2 $11,990.3
-$13.1
-$3.9
-$17.0
$289. 7
$85.5
$375.2
$117.8 $2,624.0
-$36.9 $820.4
$154.7 $3,444.4
-$62e7 \
-$57.3 :
$120.0 !
1,396.2
;i, 277.0
12,673.2
$105.1 $2,336.5
$222.5 $4,948.4
$327.6 $7,284.9
$396.3 $8,818.6
$119.4 $2,656.0
$515.7 $11,474.6
$302.8
$383.0
$685.8
$2,719.6
$25.0
$2,744.6
$1,515.4
$1,000.0
$2,515.4
$2,351.0
$3,892.0
$6,243.0
$9,561.0
$1,700.0
$11,261.0
  $13.1
 $297.5
 $310.6
                                                                                  $95.6
                                                                                -$795.4
                                                                                -$699.8
 $119.2
-$277.0
-$157.8
                                                                                  $14.5
                                                                               51,056.4
                                                                               (1,041.9
                                                                                 $742.4
                                                                                -$956.0
                                                                                -$213.6

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                                                 WATER QUALITY

                                            Water Quality Research

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED CURRENT
BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Great Lakes Research -
Water Quality
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development

$970.4
$1,341.4
$2,311.8

$16,598.7
$10,751.1

$683.3
$500.0
$1,183.3

$17,098.0
$11,587.7

$683.
$1,897.
$2,580.
-
$16,843.
$12,124.

1
4
5

1
7

-$29.
-$81.
-111.

-$724.
-$521.

4
7
1

4
7

$653.7
$1,815.7
$2,469.4

$16,118.7
$11,603.0

$434
$500
$934

$16,884
$7,500

.8
.0
.8

.6
;0

-$218.
-$1,315.
-$1,534.

$765.
-$4,103.

9
7
6

9
0
 Water Quality Research TOTAt  $27,349.8   $28,685.7  $28,967.8    -$1,246.1      $27,721.7   $24,384.6    -$3,337.1


PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment-
Water Quality

Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance -
Water ,Qual 1 ty

Health Effects - Water
Quality

Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Water
Quality

Environmental Processes
And Tffects - Mater
Quality
3.0
46.4
17.0
43.3
2.5
42.5
17.0
38.6
4.5
42.7
27.8
38.7
4.5
42.7
27.8
38.7
4.5
42.7
20.8
37.5


-7.0
-1.2
127.2
148.9      148.1
148.1
150.5
2.4

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Great Lakes Research -
Water Quality

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                                 HATER QUALITY

                                            Water Quality Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
  6.8
243.7
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

   6.4          6.4
 255.9
268.2
                          6.4
268.2
             6.4
262.4
-5.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Water Quality
Monitoring Systems And
Quality Assurance -
Water Quality
Health Effects - Water
Quality
Environmental
Engineering" And
Technology - Water
Quality
Environmental Processes
And Effects - Water
quality
Great Lakes Research -
Water Quality
TOTAL WORKYEARS
6.0
55.7
24.4
46.3
157.7
10.0
300. 1
6.0
54.0
27.8
42.7
187.0
• 8.0
325.5
6.0
53.4
27.8
42.5
184.6
8.0
322.3
6.0
53.4
27.8
42.5
184.6
8.0
322,3
6.0
53.4
27.8
40.5
176.0
8.0
311.7
                                                                                                           -2.0
                                                                                                           -8.6
                                                                                                          -10.6

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 .

y
                                   WATER QUALITY


                               Water Quality Research


                           Principal Outputs by Objective


1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SSSSESSSSSSSSKSKSSSSS

Ob ject i ve 1 :  De vel op the Sci ent i fie Data to Support a Mate r Qu a) i ty Based App roach
to Pol 1 uti on Control

o  Evaluation  of  the   feasibility  of  applying  the  ecoregion  approach to  water
   quality standards (Env. Processes)
o  Determination  of  the  relationship  between lipid  content,  body burden  and  the
   thermodynamic calculation of bioaccumulation (Env. Processes)
o  Development of Water Quality Health Advisories (Sci. Assessment)
o  Provision  of  site specific  Water Quality  Health  Hazard  Evaluations/Documenta-
   tion, and Water Quality Criteria Modification Support (Sci. Assessment)
o  Provision  of  Health  Effects Bioassay  Methods  Manual  for  determining  whether
   receiving streams meet Water Quality Standards (Health)
o  Evaluation of a  generic approach  for  chemical  measurement of toxic organics and
   inorganics in ambient and non-point sources (Monitoring)

Objective 2:  Develop Scientific Data Needed to Support Environmentally  Sound Ocean
Disposal, Estuarine and Great Lakes Programs                    !

o  Hazard  assessment  methodologies   for  the  106-mile  ocean  dumping  site  (Env.
    Processes)
o  Conduct a  multimedia risk assessment  for the disposal of dredged material (Env.
   Processes)
o  Report on  predictive methods  for  the  removal  of metals and problem organics for
   ocean discharge (Engineering)
o  Report on Application  and Verification  of a Protocol  for Field Exposure Effects
   Assessment for  Designated Areas  of Concern in the  Great  Lakes (Env. Processes)

Objective 3;  Eyaluatlon of Innovative  and Alternative (I/A)  Technologies, Sludge
.Mana9emerrt"'1^Tt'eWaWv₯sT"an
-------
o  Evaluation of chemical monitoring methods and field trials of protocols designed
   to measure site-specific aspects of water quality (Monitoring)
o  Technical  support  to  complete the recreational water  quality criteria (Health)
o  Revision  of Average  Daily  Intake (ADIs)  calculations  for  65  water  quality
   criteria documents (Sci . Assessment)

Objective 2:  Develop Scientific Data Needed to Support Environmentally Sound Ocean
Disposal , Estuarine and Great Lakes Program

o  Conduct  a  correlation analysis  of  the biological  effects (toxicity) to contami-
   nant gradients in a designed area of concern in the Great Lakes  (Env. Processes)
o  Evaluation of the biological effects and engineering methodology performance for
   at-sea incineration (Env. Processes)
o  Development of methods for conduct of a wasteload allocation of  sewage sludge at
   the 106-mile ocean disposal site (Env. Processes)
o  Report on partitioning of metals and organics in wastewater during treatment for
   ocean discharge (Engineering)

Objective 3:  Evaluation of Innovative and  Alternative (I/A)  Technologies, Sludge
Manajjejnent Alternatives and Toxicity Reduction Methods and Technology

o  Final methodologies for  preliminary hazard  indices  for landfil ling of municipal
   sludge and  for  chemical  and pathogen  risk  assessment  criteria  in sludge (Sci.
   Assessment)
o  Reports  on  new  and improved alternative on-site  system  design,  costs, and per-
   formance (Engineering)
o  Evaluation of the toxicity of major chemicals found in sludge (Health)


1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
SSBSSS-SSS33a3SS3SSB

Objective ... 1,;..  Develop Scientific Data to Support a Water Qua! ity  Based Approach to
                                                                                ~"
j
T
FpTTuti ffl Control        '              '                             '         !

o  Report on techniques  for  assessing  complex effluents in receiving waters (Moni-
   toring)
o  Development  of  aquatic  life  water  quality  criteria  documents  for aluminum,
   cyanide, lead,  mercury,  cadmium,  copper,  ammonia,  chlorine and  arsenic (Env.
   Processes)
o  Completion  of the Health  section of  the technical  support document  for water
   quality based toxics control (Health)

Objective 2:  Develop Scientific Data Needed to Support Environmentally Sound Ocean
Disposal, Estuarine and Great Lakes Programs"             '    '     '

o  Documentation  manuals  for a  three dimensional   physical  transport model  and a
   three dimensional hydrodynamic model  for  use in the Great Lakes  (Env, Processes)
o  Evaluation  of effects  and exposure assessment methods to determine the applica-
   bility of these procedures for use in a dredged material disposal hazard assess-
   ment (Env.  Processes)
o  Examination of  the  effects  of pollutant interactions on sediment toxicity (Env.
   Processes)
Objective 3:  Evaluation j^jjWyAtJve... and Alternative (I/A)  Technologies, Sludge
Management Alter native s and Toxi ci ty Reduction Methods and Technol bgy

o  Development of an accumulation system for the analysts of purgeable and extract-
   able organics in water (Env. Processes)
o  Report on the health effects from land application of sludge (Health)
o  Feasibility study  for risk assessment of pathogens  in  sludge  (Sci. Assessment)
                                        WQ-13

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                                   WATER QUALITY


                               Water Quality Research
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of  $24,384,600  supported  by  311.7 total  workyears
for 1987,  a  decrease  of  $3,337,100 and  a decrease  of  10.6  total  workyears  from
1986.  Of the request* $16,884,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and  $7,500,000 will  be for  the  Research  and  Development  appropriation,  an
increase of $765,900 and a decrease of $4,103,000, respectively.

IProgram Descripti on

     This program involves the following objectives:

     Objective 1;   Develop  the Scientific  Data to  Support a  Water Quality Based
ApproachIt^PoJJut^jr^nt'roV.  ffiTs" research  will provide the  scientific  base to
help states 
-------
     Evaluation of Innovativeand Alternative .(I/A.) Technologies, Sludge Management
Alternat 1 ves and fox ic 1 ty Rectuct 1 on Itethods and Techm) 1 pgy.  the  program wil 1 pro-
vide technicalsupport In  the  developmentami  implementation of  regulations  for
the management of sludge under Section 405(d) of the CWA as well as provide assist-
ance in  the  development of criteria for  the assessment of  hazard and  risk from
exposure to sludge contaminants including both chemicals and pathogens.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating a total  of  $375,200  supported  by 6.0 total
workyears for this  program, of  which $289,700  is  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and  $85,500  is   from  the  Research  and Development  appropriation.

     The 1986 program  is  completing  methodologies  for chemical and pathogen risk
assessment criteria in  sludge  and developing a  methodology  for preliminary hazard
indices for disposal  of municipal sludge.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a  total  of $361,000 supported  by  6.0 total
workyears for this program, of which  $285,900  was from the  Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and  $75,100  was  from  the Research  and Development  appropriation.

     In 1985,  site-specific health  hazard  evaluations were  performed  and  water
quality criteria modifications developed.  A  feasibility  study for risk assessment
of pathogens in  sludge was completed  and  methods and  data  for calculating hazard
indices for chemicals in sludges were developed.


MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $2,744,600  supported by  53.4  total  workyears
for this program, of which  $2,719,600 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $25,000  will  be  for  the  Research  and Development  appropriation.
This represents  an  increase of $95,600  and  a decrease of  $795,400,  respectively,
and no  change in total  workyears.  The increase  in  Salaries  and  Expenses reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as  part  of government-wide deficit  reductions.  The
decrease in Research and Development reflects a  pilot effort to externalize quality
assurance (QA) costs.  This effort will Involve  charging of fees to public and pri-
vate users for QA services  (e.g., quality control check samples).

     Develop the Scientific Data toSupport a Hater Quality Based  Approach to Pol-
lution Control.Activities willbe  carried  out to develop and standardize methods
for' assessment  of ambient  water quality.   The  program  will  also provide  field
tested protocols designed to measure and monitor water quality, evaluate biological
monitoring techniques and  evaluate  a  generic approach for the  chemical measurement
of toxic organics and inorganics in ambient and  non-point sources.

     Evaluation of Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologles, SIudge Management
A1ternati vesand Toxi c i ty R"idu ct i on Met hods and Tech no logy.  The Pi sc hi rge Ho n i to r-
ing Report-QuaTity Assurance(DMRQA)Support  Program will  be continued to maintain
and improve the  quality of self-monitoring DMRQA data  submitted  to the States and
EPA by the 7,000  major dischargers  within  the NPDES.  The equivalency  program will
continue to  encourage  analytical  methods  development  by  the  private  sector.
                                        WQ-15

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of $3,444,400  supported  by  53.4
total workyears  for  this program,  of which  $2,624,000 is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $820,400 is from the Research and Development appropria-
tion.

     In 1986, the Agency is evaluating chemical monitoring methods and field trials
of protocols designed to measure  site-specific  aspects  of water quality.  In addi-
tion, this program provides  cost-effective monitoring methods  for the measurement
of chemicals and biological parameters required in the National Pollution Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) program and in  the  assessment  of ambient- water quality.


1985 Accompl i shments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total  of $3,442,300 supported  by 55.7 total
workyears for this program, of  which  $2,748,300  was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $694,000  was  from  the  Research  and  Development appropriation.

     In 1985, this  program  published several  significant  toxicity  and  virology
measurement methods documents  such as  the Manual  on  the  Measurement  of  Chronic
Toxicity of  Effluents  to Freshwater  Organisms  and the Report  on  Techniques  for
Assessing Complex Effluents in Receiving  Waters.


HEALTH EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a  total   of  $2,515,400  supported by  27.8 total  workyears
for this program, of which $1,515,400 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $1,000,000  will  be  for the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents  an increase  of $119,200  and a  decrease of  $277,000, respectively,
and no change in total  workyears.  The  increase  in Salaries  and Expenses reflects
enhancement of  the   in-house  research   program.   The  decrease   in  Research  and
Development reflects the completion of the evaluation of toxic effects of chemicals
in sludge.

     Develop the Scientific Data to Support a Mate_r Quality Based  Approach to Pol-
lutiontloritrol .  flea 1 th ef f ect s bi oassays wi 1 1  be f i el d  eval uated  for use in settf ng
NPDES permits based on  protecting human  health.  These  bioassays will  be designed
to determine  quantitatively  the  potential  risk  of carcinogenic  and  target organ
effects in humans.   A microbial  water  quality  indicator  relating the  quality  of
shellfish growing waters to public health problems will be developed.
                of Innovati ve and A1 ternati ve (I/A ) Technol ogi es , Sludge Managgment
Alternatives  and  Toxicity  Reduction Methods and' Techno! ogyl  81c"robiol~ogtcaT"Jr£-'
search data  on  the level  and  risk of pathogens  that  may cause  disease  in humans
will be  developed.  Data  will  be  provided on  the feasibility  of  conducting  an
epidemiology project on  the  effects of sludge distribution  and  marketing  on human
health risks*


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is  allocating  a 'total  of $2,673,200  supported  by  27.8
total workyears  for  this  program,  of which  $1,396,200  is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $1,277,000 is from the  Research  and  Development appro-
priation.
                                        WQ-16

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     The use  of bioassays to  develop water  quality-based pollution  controls  are
being evaluated in 1986.  The Tier I carcinogenesis bioassay is being confirmed and
will be used to evaluate the toxicity of  several  waste streams.  Research begun in
1985 to measure microbial indicators in shellfish growing waters is being evaluated
in 1986.  Evaluations are being completed  of  the toxicity of major chemicals found
in sludge.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,699,700 supported  by 24.4 total
workyears for this program, of which  $1,313,500  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,386,200  was  from the  Research  and Development appropriation.

     Several important  reports  were  published  which  Include:   A  Report   on  the
Health Effects  from  Land Application  of  Sludge,  a  Report  on the  Health  Effects
from Exposure to  Pathogens  in Wastewater  Aerosols,  and the Health Section  of the
Technical Support Document for Water Quality Based Toxics Control.


ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a total  of  $6,243,000  supported by  40.5 total  workyears
for this program, of  which $2,351,000  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation  and  $3,892,000  will  be for the Research and Development appropriation.
This represents an increase  of $14,500 and a  decrease of 1,056,400, respectively,
and a decrease  of  2.0 total  workyears.  The increase  in  Salaries  and Expenses re-
flects adjustments to the  1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions.
The decrease  in Research  and  Development  reflects  a  reduction in  industrial  and
municipal wastewater research due to the completion of several studies.  The Agency
believes that private industry is  now  in a  position to  perform  many of the engineer-
ing evaluations and studies now provided by EPA.

     Evaluation of Innovative and Alternatiye(.I/A) Technologies, Sludge^ Management
A11 e r'nat 1vies'" "arid"' Toxicity Reduction Methods and techno 1ogyT  More  cost-effective
treatment will  be encouraged by evaluating  Innovative  and alternative technologies.
Information will be  provided  to  the Office of Water  on  sludge management  options
to support  regulation  development and   implementation  by  the States.   Toxicity
reduction evaluation  (TRE)  procedures and  removal  capabilities will  be developed
for the various municipal treatment processes.  TRE is used by municipal permitting
authorities to assist in issuing discharge  permits to  Industry.

     Developthe Scientific DataNeededtoSupportEnyironmeiTtallySound OceanDis-
posalT^stuarine and Great takes Programs.  Methodologies will be (Jevetoped fb'r mea-
surement, description, movement and dynamics  for the  removal   of metals and problem
organics in municipal wastes to be ocean discharged.


j.986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of  $7,284,900 supported  by 42.5
total workyears  for  this  program,  of which  $2,336,500  is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $4,948,400 is  from the Research  and Development appro-
priation.

     This program  provides the  technical   information and  engineering assistance
needed by  EPA and municipalities  for the development and implementation  of regu-
lations for disposal  of  sludge and innovative control  of pollution from municipal
treatment plants.  The  program Is  also  focusing  on  conducting  field -validations
of the  toxicity  reduction  evaluation methodology   (TRE).   TRE is  being used  by
municipal permitting authorities  to assist in  Issuing discharge  permits  to industry.
                                       WQ-17

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1985 Accompl 1 shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $8,259,100 supported  by  46.3 total
workyears for this program, of which  $2,794,300  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,464,800  was  from the Research  and  Development appropriation.

     Five emerging technology  assessment reports  and  reports  of results  on  five
post-construction evaluations  of  I/A  technologies were provided  in  support of the
sludge management program.


ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of  $11,261,000  supported  by 176.0 total  workyears
for this program, of  which $9,561,000  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $1,700,000  will  be for  the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents an  increase  of $742,400 and a decrease  of $956,000,  respectively,
and a decrease  of  8»6 total  workyears.  The increase in Salaries  and  Expenses re-
flects enhancement  of the in-house  research  program.   The decrease  reflects the
completion of a number of  research projects related  to  aquatic  life  water quality
criteria, biological integrity and incineration-at-sea.

     Develop the Scientific Data to Support a Water Quality Based  Approach to Pol-
1 uti on Control .  Research will  continue to develop methods  to determine  what uses
are attai 'nab' Ye  in  aquatic  systems,  and to work  on integrating  pollutant-specific
control  methods with whole toxicity testing procedures and best available technology
(BAT) limits for use in permitting.  Through a cooperative agreement we will parti-
cipate with the People's Republic  of China (PRC)  in research and exchange informa-
tion on the environmental  processes and effects of pollution on freshwater organisms
and water pollution fate and transport models.

     Wetlands research will  be  initiated  to  study the  wetlands  values;  determine
the impact  of wetlands  on   water quality;  and  assess  the  cumulative impacts  of
wetlands loss.
     Evaluation of Innovative and Alternative (j/AJ n J^^^Jo^es^ J1 ujjjMairafleiment
Alternatives and Toxicity Reduct ton Methods^ ana Yechhof ogy 7  Research wTTT Icontfhue
to maintain  and  update the  existing  tape library and develop  new analytical  data
bases of toxic pollutants found in wastewater.
     Develop the Scientific Data Needed to Support jEnyl ^TO^njUIJ^SoiiJind^Oceari Dis-
posal, Estuari ne and Great Lakes Programs.  Hazard  as's'es'snie'rit  protoicoTs  will  be
validated to assess  better  the impact of deep  water  ocean disposal*  A multimedia
risk assessment  for dredged  material will  be  completed  and  used  in  evaluating
disposal options.   A report will  be completed  on  the transformation and  fate of
whole effluent toxicity which  will  be used in  conducting  wasteload allocations in
estuaries.                         ;


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is allocating a total  of $11,474,600 supported  by 184.6
total workyears  for this  program,  of which  $8,818,600 is  from  the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $2,656,000 is  from the  Research  and Development appro-
priation.

     Hazard assessment protocols to  assess  better the  impact  of  ocean disposal of
wastes are being developed  in  1986.   Research on the mari.ne component of  a cross-
media risk assessment is beginning.
                                        WQ-18

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j.985 Acconiplishnients

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a  total  of $10,275,900 supported by 157.7 total
workyears for this program, of  which  $8,486,300  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation aj)d $1,789,600?was from the  Research  and  Development appropriation.

     In 1985 the  major  accomplishments  included the  development  of  aquatic life
water quality  criteria documents  for aluminum,  cyanide, lead,  mercury,  cadmium,
copper, ammonia, chlorine  and  arsenic.  Effects and exposure assessment procedures
were evaluated  to  determine the  applicability  of  these procedures  for use  in a
dredged material disposal hazard assessment.


GREAT LAKES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $934,800  supported  by  8.0 total  workyears  for
this program, of which $434,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $500,000 will be  for the Research and  Development appropriation.  This repre-
sents a decrease of  $218,900 and $1,315,700,  respectively,  and no change in total
workyears.  The decrease reflects the  completion  of  several  studies on the effects
of toxic pollutants along chemical gradients.

     Develop the Scientific Data Needed to Support EnvironmentallySound OceanDis-
posal, Estuanhe and Great Lakes Programs.  Research willcontlnue to  deve!op  and
test methods to measure,describe and predict the sources,  distribution, movement,
dynamics and effects  of  organic toxic substances in Great  Lakes  areas of concern.
A report will be completed  on the acute  and chronic toxicity of dioxin, furans  and
related compounds of  concern in the  Great  Lakes.  This  program  will  also provide
the International  Joint  Commission,  Great  Lakes National  Program  Office,  Regions
II, III and  V  and  Great  Lakes States  with technical  support and  research data
related to activities under the US/Canada Water Quality Agreement.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of  $2,469,400  supported  by  8.0
total workyears  for  this  program,  of  which $653,700  is   from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $1,815,700 is from the  Research and Development appro-
priation.

     The 1986  program is  focusing  on the  impact and  fate of toxic  materials  in
areas of concern  identified by the  Great Lakes  Water Quality  Board.  Emphasis  is
on in-place pollutant and chemical mass balance research.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a  total  of $2,311,800  supported  by 10.0 total
workyears for this program,  of which  $970,400 was from  the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,341,400  was from the  Research  and Development appropriation.

     In 1985, this program prepared documentation manuals  for  a  three dimensional
physical transport model  and  a  three dimensional  hydrodynamic  model  for  use  in
the Great Lakes.
                                        WQ-19

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PROGRAM
                                            WATER DUALITY

                                      Comprehensive Estuartne Management
ACTUAL
1985
WIDGET
ESTIMATE
198fi
ENACTED
1986
BALANCER
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Comprehensive Est.uanine
Management.
  Research $ Development
                        TOTAL

TOTAL:
  Research 8 Development

  Comprehensive         TOTAL
  Estuarlne Management
$3,9fi2.5
$3,962.5
$3,962.5

$3,962.5

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                                   WATER QUALITY


                         Comprehensive Estuarine Management
1987 Program Request
     The Agency requests no  resources  for this activity in  1987.   This  program  is
supported under the Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis subactivity in  the Abate-
ment and Control function.


1986 Program

     The Agency is allocating  no resources under this subactivity  for 1986,  This
program is supported  under the  Water  Quality Monitoring and Analysis  subactivity
in the Abatement and Control function.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,962,500, all of which was from the
Research and Development appropriation.

     The Agency,  in  coordination  with  NOAA,  assisted  State  and   local  agencies
dealing with  Long  Island Sound,  Narragansett Bay, Buzzards  Bay,  and Puget Sound
during 1985 in  the  formulation of work programs to carry  out studies to determine
wasteload sources and  characteristics, to locate  and  quantify nutrient  and toxic
problem areas,  and  to identify  the  management  and data needs for the design  of
control and abatement programs.

     On the basis of nutrient and toxics abatement experiences gained in  the Chesa-
peake Bay  Program  and the  Great Lakes  program, the  Agency developed a  national
estuarine policy and generic  estuarine program guidance document for  use  by State
and local officials in program design and implementation.

     Workyear support for  this  program is described under the  Water Quality Moni-
toring and Analysis subactivity.
                                       WQ-21

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents

                                                                            Page
WATER QUALITY
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Water Quality and Grants Program Management	,	 WQ-23
          Water Quality Management....	 WQ-25
          Great Lakes Program	 WQ-27
          Chesapeake Bay Program	 WQ-28
       Effluent Standards & Guidelines	 WQ-31
       Grants Assistance Programs	,...	 WQ-35
          Clean Lakes Program	.	WQ-36
          Control  Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106)	 WQ-37
          Training Grants (Section 104).....	WQ-38
       Water Quality Strategies Implementation	WQ-39
          Dredge & Fill.	WQ-42
          Ocean Disposal Permits	.	 WQ-43
          Environmental Emergency Response & Prevention...	 WQ-44
          Standards & Regulations	 WQ-46
       Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis	,	 WQ-48
          Coastal  Envi ronment Management	 WQ-50
          Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis	 UQ-52
       Municipal Source Control...	 WQ-55
          Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction	 WQ-57
          Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance...........	 WQ-59
                                    WQ-22

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PROGRAM
                                                 WATER OUALITY

                                  Hater Quality And Grants Program Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUORET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCER
RUOfiET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Water Quality
Managenent
  Salaries $ Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
Great Lakes Program
  Salaries & Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
        $3,563.5    $3,722.9   *3,723.1
          $224i6      $180.0     $180.0
-$160.0    $3,563.1   $387R3.6
  -$7,7      $172.3     $171.0
                        TOTAL   13,788.1    <3,902.9   $3,903.1.    -$167.7     $3,735.4    $3,954.fi
        $1,124.5    *l,n71.a   $1,071.8
        $5,413.7    $3,897.3   $3,897.3
 -$46.2    $1,025.6   $1,073.9
-$lfi7.6    $3,729.7   $3,697.3
                        TOTAL   $6,B3R.2    $4,969.1   $4,969.1     -$213.R    $4,755.3    $4,771.2
Chesapeake Ray Program
  Salaries * Expenses    •        $899.4
  Abatrment Control and        $12,507.9
  Compliance
                      $83^.7     $839.7
                    $9,250.0   $9,250.0
 -$36.2      $803.5     $857.3
-$397.8    $B,B52.2   $9,250.0
                        TOTAL  $13,407.3   $10,089.7  $10,089.7     -$434.0     $9S655.7   $10,107.3
TOTAL:
  Salaries ^ Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
        $5,587.4    $5,634.4   $5,634.6
       $18,146.2   $13,327.3  $13,327.3
-$242.4    $5,392.2   $5,714.8
-$573.1   $12,754.2  $13,118.3
  '.later OuaHty And
  Grants Program
  Management
TOTAL  $23,733.6   $18,961.7  $18,961.9     -$815.5   $18,146.4  $18,833.1
$220.5
 -$1.3

$219.2
 $48.3
-$32.4

 $15.9
 $53.8
$397.8

$451.6
$322.6
$364.1
                                    $686.7

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ro
                                                             WATER QUALITY



                                             Water  Quality And Grants Program Management

PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Management
Great Lakes Program
Chesapeake Bay Program
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Management
Great Lakes Program
Chesapeake Bay Program
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985

67.7
17.4
4.7
89.8
73.3
21.7
8.1
103.1
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS IN
69.4
15.fi
9.5
94.7
76.6
20.0
10.0
lOfi.6
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
THOUSANDS)
69.8
18.0
8.6
96.4
76.6
20.0
10.0
106.6
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986

69.8
18.0
8.6
9fi.4
76.6
20.0
10.0
106.6
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1985

71.8 2.0
18.0
8.6
98.4 2.0
76.6
20.0
10.0
106.6

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                                   WATER DUALITY


                    Mater Duality and Grants Program Management
Budget Request
     The Agency requests  a  total  of $18,833,100  supported by  106.6  workyears  for
1987, an increase  of  $686,700 and no  change  in total  workyears for  1987,   Of  the
request, $5,714,800 is for the  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation and 113,118,300
is for the Abatement,  Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase of $322,600
and a decrease of $364,100,  respectively.

Program Descrij)ti on

     The program areas under this subactivity include:

     Hater Quality Management -- This program includes  management of State financial
assistance under Sections106,  205(g)  (nonconstruction grants management),  205(j),
208, and 303  of the  Clean  Water Act.   Proposed  Administration amendments  to  the
Clean Water  Act eliminate  new funding  under  205(j)  after  October 1,  1985,  and
restrict use of 205(g) money.  The  nonpoint source  (NPS)  program  encourages other
Federal agencies to support development  of cost-effective  State and local programs
to control  nonpoint sources  of pollution in priority waters.

     Great Lakes Program --  This  program provides assistance  in  implementing U.S.
programs insupport  of the  U.S.  -  Canada Great  Lakes Water  Quality Agreement.  A
major focus  of  the program  is the measurement  of ambient  conditions  in  the Great
Lakes in order  to  determine  compliance with the  objectives  of the Agreement.  The
monitoring portions of the program measure water  quality trends and the effective-
ness of remedial responses to emerging pollution problems.

     Chesapeake Bay PrpgraiTi—  As a  result  of the Chesapeake Bay  Water  Ouality
Study, the Agency is commfEting significant resources to restore Bay water quality.
The Agency is assisting the Bay States and the  District of Columbia in implementing
activities to control  nutrient  and  toxic effects  in th« Bay.   In addition to main-
taining the Bay Liaison  Office in Annapolis, the Agency  will  provide cost  sharing
grant assistance to the  States for  implementing  nutrient  and  toxic controls.  The
Agency conducts detailed  monitoring  and  modeling  studies  to  assist  in  the  cleanup
effort.

HATER nUALITY MANAGEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $3,954,600 supported by  76.6  total  workyears
for this program,  of  which  $3,783,600  will  be for the  Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $171,000  will  be for the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropri-
ation.  This  represents  an  increase of  $220,500  and a decrease of $1,300,  respec-
tively, with  no change in total  workyears.  The  increase  in  Salaries and Expenses
reflects increased operating  costs.

     EPA will continue to negotiate and  manage  grants which specify the performance
expected by  the States,  commonly  known as  performance-based grants.   This  will
include negotiating and tracking  annual  program priorities and work commitments to
ensure that Federal and  State funds  are  meeting priority point and nonpoint source
control needs.  EPA will  work with  selected States to  analyze priority waterbody
lists and conduct workshops-on using the lists  to focus grant  resources on critical
water quality problems.   Although EPA expects  all  pre-1985 Level  of Effort (LOE)
deficits tq  be  repaid  by the  end  of  1987,  Regional   oversight  will  continue to
assure that  LOE deficit  problems  do not reoccur.  Headquarters will  conduct five
workshops with  the Regions  to ensure  that  grant  work   programs   are  effectively
                                         WQ-25

-------
coordinated to improve management of grant funds.  The guidance  on  grant  financial
management will be  updated.  The  program  will  continue  to  provide positions  for
Water Management Division Directors.

     Grants totaling $52,100,000,  a decrease  of $10,009,300  from  1986, are  being
requested for  award  under  Section  106  of the Clean Water Act to support  State  and
Interstate Water Pollution Control  programs.  EPA will target the funds to  compli-
ance and  enforcement of  pretreatment   programs;  issuance/   reissuance  of  permits
including Best  Available  Technology (BAT)  and  water quality-based  permits  for
toxics control; development of  groundwater  protection   strategies  and  programs;
and continue  Publicly  Owned Treatment   Works  (POTW)  compliance  under the  National
Municipal Policy.   Limited  funding for management of  nonpoint  source  controls  in
high priority basins also will  be made.

     The Administration  has proposed  major   revisions  to  Section  205(j)  of  the
Clean Water  Act which  authorizes   various  planning  activities.   These  revisions
would discontinue  funding under 205(j)  after October 1, 1985.  No funds  are request-
ed for 1987.

     EPA will build on intra- and interagency planning in  1985 and  1986 for control
of nonpoint  source  pollution  primarily  from agriculture and silviculture.  This
includes negotiating and assuring  Implementation of  new Memoranda  of  Understanding
(MOU) that direct existing  resources and programs of three  other Federal  agencies
to expand the use of NPS controls.   The U.S.  Departments  of  Agriculture and Defense
and the  Bureau  of  Land Management  are the  key  agencies EPA will work  with  during
1987.  EPA staff will also work to assure that Federal field programs directly assist
specific State  and  local  NPS  implementation  projects in  priority waters.  This
assistance will include training of State  and local  water quality  staff  and land-
owners in the  design and  implementation  of NPS controls  such  as  reduced  tillage
methods and pesticide/nutrient  management.

1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is allocating  a total  of $3,735,400  supported by 76.6
workyears for this program,  of which  $3,563,100 is  for the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $172,300  is  for  the  Abatement,  Control and Compliance  appropri-
ation.

     EPA's ongoing focus is to  coordinate Federal and State water  quality priorities
and programs.  The primary objectives  in 1986 are to  complete development  of State
procedures for instituting waterbody priorities  as  a  means to focus  State  resources
on critical   problems.    Final  policy  on  State preparation  and use  of  priority
waterbodies to  focus  106 funding  will  be issued and  a  series  of  workshops  held.
Review of grant applications  and  mid/end-of-year program  reviews  will  emphasize
financial management of grants.   The automated information system will  be operation-
al in the Regions  in 1986 for tracking actual  outputs of the States  against their
commitments.  The   system  will   also assist  EPA  in   conducting  program  reviews.

     During 1986,  the  States,  with ; EPA's  assistance,  will   use the  State-by-State
assessment to  identify  and fill data  gaps, to rank  nonpoint source  problems  and
develop management programs in  selected priority waters,   EPA's  ongoing interagency
effort to target existing Federal resources will continue with USDA on agriculture-
related NPS  problems,  and to  a  lesser  extent,  on silviculture-related  problems.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  $3,788,100 supported by 73.3  total  workyears  for
this program,  of which  $3,563,500  was  from the  Salaries and Expenses  appropriation
and $224,600  was  from  the  Abatement,   Control  and Compliance appropriation.   The
focus for this program in 1985 has   been  on technical assistance to  States  for com-
plying with  requirements  of Section 106  grants  and to  Regions  on management  of
106/205(j) grants.
                                       WQ-26

-------
     Assistance to  States  included providing  direct  advice to  determine LOE  for
four States, issuing  guidance documents  on complying  with 106  requirements,  and
developing a policy on performance-based I06/205(j) grants for all States.  Assist-
ance was provided to  the  Regions through workshops on  strengthening  management of
106/205(j) grants and  developing  an automated information system to improve Regional
grants management„

     In 1985, EPA  convened  a Federal/State/Local   Nonpoint  Source Task  Force which
recommended a National Policy  and  developed individual  Agency and Regional  Strat-
egies to ensure  implementation of  NPS practices to address priority  problems.  EPA
received a report from the  States  providing the first  State-by-State documentation
of NPS problems, the  status of State NPS programs  and  a  description  of successful
control approaches.


GREAT LAKES PROGRAM

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of  $4,771,200  supported  by  20.0 total  workyears
for this program, of  which  $1,073,900 will  be  for the  Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,697,3(10 will  be for  the Abatement, Control and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This  represents   an  increase  of  $48,300 and  a  decrease  of $32,400,
respectively, with  no change  in  total  workyears.  The  increase in  Salaries  and
Expenses reflects  adjustments  to  the  1986 base  as  part  of the  government-wide
deficit reductions.   The  decrease in Abatement,   Control  and Compliance reflects
improvements in data management.

     The Great  Lakes  National  Program  Office (GLNPO)  will  continue to  provide
leadership in meeting the U.S. obligations  under the 1978 Rreat Lakes Water Quality
Agreement with  Canada and  under the  1983  Phosphorus Control  supplementary agree-
ment, and  will   continue  to  support  the  activities  of  the  International  Joint
Commission (IJC).   It will  he  responding  to  information  requests  and  providing
technical assistance to Headquarters  and the State Department  on  official Canadian
requests and  notes  concerning U.S.   Rreat  Lakes   policies.   Staff support  to  the
IJC's Water  Quality Roard  and  its committees  will continue  to ensure  that U.S.
views and  policies  are adequately represented.    RLNPO  will  provide  any required
technical support  in  the  reconsideration  or  renegotiation of  the   Water  Quality
Agreement anticipated to begin in  1986.

     The Program  will continue  its   work  on  Great Lakes  monitoring  planning  and
programming as  required  by Annex  11  of the Water Quality  Agreement  with  Canada.
Surveys of  the  Lakes will  be  conducted in  cooperation  with State  and Canadian
agencies to  determine the annual  variability  of  ambient  phosphorus  concentrations
and the  levels   and  trends  in  metals  and  conventional  pollutant  parameters.    A
surveillance program  to detect toxic  substances in Great  Lakes  fish and sediments
will be  continued  for the  tributaries  and  harbors.  The  results will  be analyzed
and reported to the States  for regulatory follow-up.

     The results  of  the  monitoring  activities,  including  water, fish,  sediment,
and atmospheric  deposition  data, will  provide the information necessary to assess
compliance with  the  Water Quality Agreement objectives,  to evaluate effectiveness
of control  programs,  and  to  identify  emerging problems.   Attention  in sediment
sampling will  continue  to  be  focused  on the  problem  of polluted sediment  in the
3Q U.S.  "Areas  of Concern"  identified by the Water Quality Board.  Remedial action
plans will  be  completed   for  the remaining  25   areas  and  alternative  abatement
technologies will  be  identified and  evaluated.    The Upper  Great Lakes  Connecting
Channels  (the Detroit and  St. Clair  Rivers and  the St.  Marys River)  final   report
will be  published  to  provide  needed   information on   sediments   and  on  toxics
transport.

     The U.S.  Phosphorus  Reduction Plan,  submitted to the IOC  in  1986  for Lakes
Erie and  Ontario,  will  be   revised  and  updated  based  on  plan   implementation
activities hy  the  States,  which  are being carried out  with GLNPQ  oversight and
assistance.


                                           WQ-27

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     GLNPO will hegln  the assessment  of  toxic pollutant sources,  including  draft
assessments of ground  water  and  pesticide sources, as a basis  for the development
of a mass balance for toxics.
     The Agency is  allocating  a  total  of $4,755,300 supported  by  20.0 total  work-
years for  this program,  of which  $1,025, 600  is  from the  Salaries   and  Expenses
appropriation and $3,729,700 is  from  the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.
           is  continuing  to  conduct  a  wide  range  of  monitoring  activities  and
laboratory analysis  with  particular  emphasis  on  in-place toxics  and  atmospheric
deposition of toxics.  The  second and final  season  of monitoring  work,  including
water and  sediment  sampling, for the  Upper  Great  Lakes Connecting  Channels  Study
is being completed and a draft final  report is to be written.

     The U.S.  is  reviewing the  Phosphorus Reduction Plan  called  for in  the  1983
Phosphorus Control  Supplement to  Annex   3 of the  Water  Quality   Agreement.   The
final review is to  be  completed  prior to the  plan's  subiiittal  to the International
Joint Commission.

1985 Accomp 1 i s hment s

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total of $6,585,100  supported  by  21.7  total
workyears for this program, of which  $1,124,500  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,413,700 was  from  the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appro-
priation.

     The Upper Rreat  Lakes  Connecting Channels Study continued  during  1985.   This
year was the  first  of two  field seasons  of .the  bi-national   ecosystem  analysis
during which sampling of the connecting channels' water and sediment was conducted.
The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration and the Fish and Wildlife
Service contributed to the effort.

     In 1985, the  U.S.  prepared  the  first draft  of the U.S.  Phosphorus  Reduction
Plan called for in  the 1983 Phosphorus Control Supplement to Annex  3 of the  Water
Quality Agreement.  The U.S.  planning has been  based  on  State  plans developed by
Indiana, Michigan,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania  and New  York with the  assistance of  the
GLNPO,  In  addition,  negotiations  with   Canada  were  completed to  allocate  the
additional  phosphorus load reduction needed for Lake Ontario*

     GLNPO continued  its  sampling network  and laboratory  activities. Water  chem-
istry, biota,  sediment,  and air  analyses that are  required by the  Water Quality
Agreement were carried out.  This work was used as the basis for the Biennal Report
on Great Lakes Water Quality completed  in 1985.   In  addition, new  water quality
surveillance plans  for  the  individual   lakes  were completed  during  the  year.


CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM

1 987 P rogram Requ es t

     The Agency requests  a total of $10,107,300 supported  by  10.0  workyears  for
this program of which  $857,300 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $9,250,000 will  be for  the  Abatement, Control, and  Compliance appropriation.
This represents an  increase  of $53,800 and $-397,800  respectively,  with  no change
in total workyears.  The  increase in Salaries and  Expenses reflects adjustments to
the 1986 base  as  part  of the government-wide  deficit  reductions.   The  increase in
Abatement,  Control and Compliance reflects expanding monitoring and  computer model-
ing needs.
                                          WQ-28

-------
     In 1987, the Agency  will  continue working with  the  Bay States on the  use  of
grant funds to update  and implement the elements  of  the  Bay Restoration  and  Pro-
tection Plan begun during FY 1986.   Of importance will be matching  grants for the
implementation of the  nonpoint source  control  plan  elements,  including  those  in
identified critical  areas.  In addition the focus  of  assistance to the  States  will
include integration of point source  controls to improve abatement and permit reviews
to improve compliance  rates.   Mater quality monitoring of pilot areas  will be  used
in conjunction with  water quality  models  to evaluate  results  of Best  Management
Practices (BMP)  implementation  and  to  develop  quantitative  relationships  between
waste removal from the Bay and improvement of water quality.

     Following the update of the 1980 Bay watershed model to  1985, it  will  be  used
with the  two dimensional  steady-state  model  to  determine  dissolved  oxygen and
nutrient levels.   Compl ementi ng this work will  be the continuing development  of a
three dimensional  time- variable  model  for  developing  waste   load  allocations.

     The Agency will  continue to provide technical  and administrative staff support
to the Chesapeake Bay Implementation Committee and Executive Council.  Coordination
functions will be carried out with  the States, other Federal Agencies,  and other
Bay management agencies  to  ensure   continued  progress is  made  in  restoring Bay
water quality.  The Agency's  support for monitoring  the  mainstem of the  Bay  will
continue in  concert  with the  States'  focus on  the  major tributaries.   Continued
support will  be  provided for  maintaining and  improving  the Chesapeake  Bay  data
system.
     The Agency is allocating  a  total  of $9,655,700 supported by  10.0 total  work-
years for this program, of which $803,500  is  from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $8,852,200 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.

     During 1986, the Agency is  awarding demonstration  grants to the  Bay  States  to
implement the  recommendations  of  the Chesapeake  Bay  Restoration and  Protection
Plan of  1985.   These  50  percent  cost  sharing  grants  emphasize  nonpoint  source
control efforts and will  be  targeted on  projects which  support the long-term need
for reducing  loadings   of toxics  and  nutrients.   Assistance is  being  primarily
provided to identify critical  farm  units within  the sub-basins, develop  plans  and
schedules for  implementing Best  Management Practices, define outreach programs  to
encourage farmer participation, and  develop long-term  comprehensive implementation
programs.  The  objective is  to  demonstrate  the effectiveness  of  Best  Management
Practices, in  critical   areas  so  that  more   farmers   will  adopt  the  practices.

     Under the policy direction  of the Executive  Council  and  the  guidance  of the
Implementation Committee  and its  five subcommittees, the  staff  of the  Chesapeake
Bay Liaison office 1s framing  management  strategies  reflecting  both point and non-
point source controls.   It is also  overseeing contracts  for  the  construction  of
computer models that will help establish quantitative  relationships  between  waste
loads and Bay  water quality.   Data establishing  these  relationships  is being pro-
vided by historical data,  collected  during the research phase of  the Bay Program,
and by data being collected through special data  searches and by  carefully targeted
water quality monitoring programs.

     The Chesapeake Bay Liaison  Office  is coordinating the activities with  other
Federal agencies engaged  in  the Bay  program  and is sponsoring programs  to inform
citizen groups of Bay problems  and efforts underway to address  them.


1 985 Ace omp 1 i s hment s

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated a total of $13,407,300 supported by  8.1  total
workyears for  this program,  of which $899,400 was from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and  $12,507,900  was  from the  Abatement,  Control   and  Compliance
appropriation.
                                        WQ-29

-------
     This was the first year of a four year Administration commitment to carry out
cost sharing grants in the program.  Cost sharing  grants  were  targeted at  reducing
the loadings of  nutrients and toxics  in critical  sub-basins in  the Bay  States.

     The efforts of the  National  Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S.
Geological Survey,  the Corps of Engineers, the  U.S. Department of  Agriculture, and
the Fish and Wildlife Service of the  Department  of the  Interior  were coordinated
through the Liaison Office,

     Other activities of  the Liaison  Office  included  complementing the tributary
monitoring activities of  the  States  by  supporting  the monitoring   of  the Bay's
mainstem; refining  the  water  quality  model  to  assess the  impact of alternative
control options; and  maintaining  the program's computer  center,  which stores the
program's extensive data base.  The Chesapeake Bay Restoration and Protection Plan
was completed in September of 1985 and  is being  used  to  set the  stage for future
years efforts.
                                        WQ-30

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Page Intentionally Blank

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U)
                  Qi,1 i •»!.<• o
TOTAL:
  Salaries ft Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance

Effluent Standards
Guidelines
                                                                 HATER DUALITY

                                                        Effluent Standards ft. Guidelines

PROGRAM
Effluent Standards ft
Guidelines
Salaries ft Expenses
Abatement Control and
ACTUAL
1985

$3,925. n
$5,320.5
RlinGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS
$3,«00-. 4
$4,«00.0
ENACTED
1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$3.667.4
BALANCEO
BUOGET
REDUCTION

-$157.6
-$1*9.2
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986

$3,509.8
$4,?10.8
ESTIMATE
1987

$2,774.6
$3,462.4
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986

-$735.2
-$748.4
$3,925.0    $3,699.4   $3,667.4
$5,320.5    $4,400.0   $4,400.n
                                                                                                                      -$1,183.6
-$157.6    $3,509.8   $2,774.6     -$735.2
 $189.2    $4,210.8   $3,462.4     -$748.4
                                       TOTAL    $9,245.5    $8,099.4    $8,067.4      -$346.8    $7,720.6   $6,237.0   -$1,483.6
                PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Effluent Standards ft 67.3 6fi.9 66.9
Guidelines
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 67.3 66.9 66.9
TOTAL WORKYFARS
Effluent Standards ft 74.1 71. n 71. n
Guidelines
TOTAL WORKYEARS 74.1 71.0 71.0
66.9 47.0 -19.9
66.9 47.0 -19.9

71.0 50.0 -21.0
71.0 50.0 -21.0

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                                  WATER QUALITY


                         Effluent Standards and Guidelines


Budget Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $6,237,000  supported by 50.0 total  workyears
for 1987, a  decrease of  $1,483,600 and 21.0  total  workyears  from  1986.  Of  the
request, $2,774,600  will   be  for  the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation  and
$3,462,400 will  be  for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation,  a
decrease of $735,200 and $748,400, respectively.

Program Descri pti on

     Eff1uent Standards  and Guidelines  —  This  program  includes  establishing  ef-
fluent'limitations' for industries discharging directly to waterways  and  indirectly
through Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs).   Effluent standards  and  guidelines
are promulgated under the authority of Sections  301, 304, 306,  307,  and  501 of  the
Clean Water Act.  Through this program, the Agency establishes  a  number  of differ-
ent kinds of effluent standards and guidelines.

     Best Available Technology Economically Achievable  (BAT)  limitations generally
represent the best existing  performance  in the  industrial category or  subcategory.
The Act establishes  BAT as  the principal national means  of  controlling  the direct
discharge of  toxics  and  nonconventional  pollutants  into navigable  waters.  Best
Conventional Pollution Control Technology  (BCT), the basis  for  limiting  discharges
of conventional pollutants from existing sources, is  not an additional  limitation,
but replaces  BAT  for the conventional pollutants.   New Source Performance  Stand*
ards (NSPS) are  based  on the best  available  demonstrated technology.   Pretreat-
ment Standards for  Existing Sources (PSES)  are designed to  prevent the discharge
of pollutants  which  pass through,  interfere  with,  or are  otherwise Incompatible
with the POTW's treatment process  or  chosen sludge  disposal  method.  The  similar
regulation for  new  plants  is Pretreatment  Standards   for  New  Sources  (PSNS).

     The Act  required the  achievement  by  July  1,  1984 of effluent  limitations
requiring application of  BAT for  non-conventional  pollutants  and  classes of pollu-
tants which Congress declared toxic under Section 3Q7(a) of the 1972 Act.   Like-
wise, NSPS  and  pretreatfnent  standards  were   redirected toward  toxic  pollutant
controls.


EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $6,237,000  supported by 5n.o total  workyears
for this program, of which  $2,774,600  will  be  for the  Salaries  and Expanses appro-
priation and  $3,462,400 will  be for the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This represents  a decrease  of $735,200 and  $748,400,  respectively,  and
a decrease  of 21.0  total  workyears.   The  decrease in  both appropriations  and  in
total workyears  reflect   the  Agency's  progress  in  developing  effluent  standards
and guidelines.

     In 1987, the  program will continue analyses of eight  unregulated  Industries
with known toxic discharges  to determine the need  for regulation and/or guidance
for Regional  and State  permit writers.   The  program, will  review  two  regulated
categorical industries discharging  large amounts of toxic  pollutants.   Priorities
for these industries  are  based on  the results  from the  Resource  Conservation  and
Recovery Act  (RCRA)  Section 3018,  Domestic  Sewage Study, discussions with permit
                                        WQ-32

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writers and municipalities  and  an  EPA environmental  management  study.  The program
will promulgate BAT  regulations  for gold placer mining, and for volatile toxics  in
the pesticide category, and will issue final rules for Best Conventional  Technology
on the remaining reserved primary industry categories.

    .The program  will  provide  engineering, economic,  and  statistical   support  to
post-promulgation negotiation, litigation,  remand/repair,  and petition  review  ef-
forts, as needed, to defend the  guidelines.  The  Agency reviews  petitions  filed  by
outside groups with thp courts  and  attempts to resolve issues out of court.   Some
are successfully  resolved;  others  are  litigated,  which may  require the Agency  to
respond to  court  remands.   In 1987, the program  expects  post-promulgation support
to continue on nine categories.

     The program  will  continue  to  provide technical  assistance, Including  engi-
neering, economic and  statistical  support  for Regional and  State permit  writers,
through approximately 20 workshops,  and will  provide data  on Industrial  pollutant
discharges, treatment technologies  and  wastewater characteristics as needed.   The
program will  perform the  engineering,  environmental,   and  associated  activities
for responding to  variance  requests, -with  an  emphasis on  Fundamentally Different
Factors (PDF) and 301(g) variances  referred by  the Regional  Offices.


1986 Program

     In 1986  the  Agency is allocating  a  total  of  $7,720,600  supported  by  71.0
total workyears for  this  program,  of  which $3,509,800 is  from the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $4,210,800 is from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

     The program is promulgating BAT regulations for the foundries, and  the organic
chemicals, plastics and synthetic fibers category; and .issuing  final BCT  rules  on
Pharmaceuticals, pulp and paper, and the secondary industries.

     The program  will   conduct   site visits and   engineering evaluations  on  four
non-regulated categories  studied  in  1985: ferroalloy manufacturing  facilities,
hazardous waste  treatment   facilities,   hospitals,  and  the transportation  indus-
try; and will  begin  to update effluent  data on solvent barrel   and  oil  reclaimers
and industrial  laundries.   The  program will  also  evaluate additional  regulated
industries discharging large amounts of toxic  pollutants.  These analyses  will  be
used to determine the  need  for the  issuance of regulations  or  guidance documents
to assist permit writers in controlling toxic discharges.

     The program  will  continue to emphasize engineering, economic and  statistical
support to  Regional  and State  permit  writers  in  reissuing expired permits  which
will incorporate  BAT.   The  program  is  conducting additional  workshops on  permit
issuance and  application of effluent regulations. Including  compliance  assistance
for small businesses  in the  foundry Industry.  Other  efforts include issuance  of
guidance manuals to  assist  1n  implementing categorical pretreatment  standards  for
enforcing toxic  pollutant   control   ,on  industrial  dischargers   to  Publicly  Owned
Treatment Works  (POTWs);  writing   hew  source discharge   permits;  responding  to
variances and  evidentiary hearings;  and assisting States   in reducing their  major
and minor permit backlogs.

     Post-promulgation support will  continue on ten contested regulations, Including
negotiations, litigation support activities,  and  proposed  or final  amendments  to
categorical  regulations.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a total of $9,245,500   supported by  74.1  total
workyears for this program, of which $3,925,000 was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,320,500 was from the  Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appro-
priation.
                                       WQ-33

-------
     The program promulgated effluent standards and guidelines  for  4  industries  on
court-ordered schedules; nonferrous  metals  forming, nonferrous metals  (phase  II),
plastics molding  and  forming,  and  pesticides.    Extensive  development  work  was
completed for final  regulations  for the organic chemicals and plastics  and synthetic
fibers category,.  The  program also proposed  regulations for  offshore oil and gas
product!' on.

     Post-promulgation negotiations   support took  place  in  1985 on  eight  contested
regulations, including negotiations for five settlements.  Additional support  activ-
ities involved  proposal  and/or promulgation  of  settlement  agreement  regulations
on five categories, and litigation support for two categories.

     In conjunction with the Office  of  Water  Enforcement and Permits,  the program
provided engineering,  economic,  and statistical  support to   Regional  and  State
permit writers through 13 technical workshops  and seminars  for Regional, State, and
Industry representatives.   The  program  also  reviewed  draft  permit  reports  and
assisted the States  on  Best Professional  Judgment (BPJ) issues for the  coal  redlining
category by developing an economic/environmental  model  for use by  permit  writers.

     The program  completed  literature  and record  reviews  of  four  non-regulated
industries identified  as  major dischargers  of  toxic pollutants  by  the  Domestic
Sewage Study required  under RCRA  Section  3018, and by the Regions  and  EPA's Inte-
grated Environmental Management Program: ferroalloy manufacturing  facilities,  haz-
ardous waste  treatment  facilities,  hospitals,  and the  transportation  industry.
The program  also began  evaluating  five  regulated  industries discharging large
amounts of highly toxic  pollutants to determine the need  for issuance of regula-
tions or guidance  documents  to assist permit  writers.   These  categories  included
paint, ink, onshore and coastal  oil  and  gas,  and textiles.
                                       WQ-34

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                                                 HATER nilALITY

                                          Grants Assistance Programs

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED     BALANCED      CURRENT     ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE       1986      BUDGET       ESTIMATE      1987      DECREASE -
                                               l"Rfi       '          REDUCTION       19R6               19R7 VS 1986

                                            (HOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)

PROfiRAK
Clean Lakes Program
  Abatement Control and         $5,000.0                $5,noo.O      -$215,0     $4,785.0               -$4,785.0
  Compliance
                        TOTAL   $5,000.0                $5,000.0      -$215.0     $4,785.0               -$4,785.0

Control fgency Resource
Supplementation
(Section 106)
  Abatement Control and        $61,313.4    $64,900.0   $64,900.0    -$2,790,7    $62,109.3   $52,100.0  -$10,009.3
  Compliance
                        TOTAL  $61,313.4    $64,900.0   $64,900.0    -$?,790.7    $62,109.3   $52,100.0  -$10,009.3

Training Grants
(Section 104)
  Abatement Control and            $216.0                  $250.0       -$10.8       $239.2                 -$239.2
  Compllance
                        TOTAL      $216.0                  $250.0       -$10.8       $239.2                 -$239.2

TOTAL:
  Abatement Control and        $66,529.4    $fia,900.0   170,150.0    -$3,01fi.5    $67,133.5   $52,100.0  -$15,033.5
  Compliance

  Grants Assistance     TOTAL  $66,529.4    $64,900.0   $70,150.0    -$3,016.5    $67,133.5   $52,100.0  -$15,033.5
  Programs

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                                    WATER  QUALITY


                              Grants Assistance  Programs
 Budget Request
      The Agency requests a  total  of  $52,100,000  for grants  under  the Abatement,
 Control  and  Compliance  Appropriation  for 1987,  a  decrease  of  $15,033,500 from
 1986,


 Program  Description

      The program areas under this  subactivity  Include:

      Cleani Lakes Program —   Section  314  of  the  Clean  Water  Act sets  forth the
 principal  admini strati ve and technical  requirements  for  developing  a  national
 program  to enhance the  quality of freshwater lakes.  The Clean Lakes  regulation in
 February,  1980 established an operational program of financial  and  technical assist-
 ance to  the States to assist them  in  implementing  methods and  procedures to protect
 and restore the quality  of their publicly  owned  freshwater  lakes.

      Control  Agency ResourceSupplementation  (Section 106j  —   Section   106   grants
 supplement State resources for water  polluHbnToWtl^r'programs.   They  are negotia-
 ted annually with  50 States,  7 Territories, and 6  Interstate  compact agencies.
 Funds are  used  to  carry out a  wide range  of  water quality programs, including
 permit issuance, enforcement, monitoring, construction  grants  management,   water
 quality  planning and  standards,  wasteload  allocations,  nonpoint  source  control
 program  management,  pretreatment,  oil and hazardous materials spill response, and
 other priority programs.

      States also receive financial assistance for  water quality program activities
 under Sections 205(g) and  205(j)  of the  Clean  Water Act as  reserves from  their
^annual Construction  Grants allotment  under the  Construction Grants appropriation.
 Funding  is provided  under  Section  205(g) for  construction  grants  management in
 delegated  States and under  Section 205(j)  for water  quality planning and standards
 activities.  Proposed Administration  amendments  will eliminate  new funding  under
 Section  205(j)  after October 1,  1985, and  restrict use of 205(g) grants.

      Training Grants (Section 104) -*• These grants  provide training assistance to
 institutions of higher  education and other public or  private  agencies  and institu-
 tions to meet professional manpower  needs.


 CLEAN LAKES PROGRAM

 1987Program Request

      In  1987, the Agency requests  no funds for the  Clean  Lakes program.  In past
 years the  Agency  has developed and  demonstrated lake  restoration  techniques and
 assisted States in  classifying  lakes,  identifying  techniques for  restoring the
 level of water quality  needed to maintain  or  enhance uses,  and implementing cleanup
 and control projects.   Since the Agency  has provided  guidance  to the  States on
 maintaining clean lakes, it  believes  that the States are now able to  address lake
 restoration needs, along with other local priorities,  under  their  existing  water
 quality  management programs.
                                         WQ-36

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating  a total of $4,785,000 under the  Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation  for grants  for  the Clean lakes  program.   The
funds provided are being used only for existing projects with an emphasis  on  those
projects which  can  be  completed  with  1986 funds.   The Agency  expects to  award
25 grants for improving conditions in publicly  owned  freshwater  lakes.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a  total of $5,000,000 from the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation  under the Clean Lakes  program to help complete 30 exist-
ing projects.


CONTROL AGENCY RESOURCE SUPPLEMENTATION  (SECTION  106)

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of  $52,100,000  under the Abatement, Control  and
Compliance appropriation, a  decrease  of  $10,009,300.   This decrease reflects  State
progress in  reducing  major  permit backlogs,  in  approving local pretreatment  pro-
grams, and in developing State groundwater strategies.

     Section 106  grants  will provide  funding assistance  for operation  of  joint
Federal/State water pollution control programs  for 63 State,  interstate,  and terri-
torial agencies.  This grant  will  be included  in a legislative proposal  for  block
grants designed  to  give  States  more flexibility  and  autonomy  in  administering
environmental programs.  States  are expected to continue to issue  industrial  permits
for Best  Available  Technology  (BAT), municipal   permits and  water  quality-based
permits for toxics control.   Continued emphasis in  1987 is anticipated for activities
to improve compliance by dischargers  with their National  Pollutant  Discharge Elimi-
nation System (NPDES) permits and  on,enforcement  of pretreatment  programs.  To this
end, a total of 416  major  permits are expected to  be Issued or reissued by the States
and 2243 compliance inspections at major facilities  are expected to  be  conducted.
Additionally, funds  are expected to  be devoted to  assisting  States  as they develop
and/or implement groundwater protection  strategies and programs.  A limited amount
of Section 106  funds  are expected to be devoted  to  management  of nonpoint source
programs in high priority basins.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating $62,109,300 for Section 106  grants under the
Abatement, Control and Compliance  appropriation.

     Assistance to the States in 1986 is  emphasizing  Issuance of industrial  permits
for Best  Available  Technology  (BAT)  and municipal permits,  especially  for  major
facilities.  Because of the  major  potential  for water quality impairment  and sludge
contamination, the  focus  will also  be  on  improving  compliance  of Publicly  Owned
Treatment Works  (POTWs),  especially  those required to administer pretreatment pro-
grams under the  National  Municipal Policy.  Over 1,000 major  NPDES permits  will  be
issued or reissued by the States,  which  should work toward elimination of the  NPDES
States' major  permit  backlog,  and approximately  6,300  compliance inspections  of
majors will be conducted.  EPA expects one additional  State to accept  NPDES permit-
ting authority in 1986.

     States and  territories  will  develop  groundwater protection  strategies  or,
where States  have  strategies,  support   State  groundwater program development  and
implementation activities.  Remaining Section 106 funds  wi-11  be  used  to  fund  other
negotiated priority State program management needs such  as  nonpoint  source program
implementation.  Also, some  priority planning, ambient  and  source standards,  and
monitoring of  toxic  and  conventional   pollutants  will  continue  to  be  funded.
                                       WQ-37

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1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated'$61,313,400  for Section  106  grants under  the
Abatement, Control, and  Compliance appropriation.   Several  States have developed
NPDES program modifications to assume  pretreatment,  Federal  facility, and  general
permitting responsibilities.  Thirty-seven States  had  approved NPDES  programs  and
States had 1,278 approved  municipal/pretreatment  programs in  1985.

     Approximately 1800 major NPDES permits including toxics  controls,  were issued
or reissued by the States.  Nearly 6,000 compliance inspections of  majors were con-
ducted, and the  States took  increasing  responsibility  in compliance  activities.
States developed analytical  capabilities to  support increased emphasis  on  water
quality-based permitting,   toxics  control,   and   requests  for  permit variances.

     Finally, almost all States  were developing or implementing groundwater  manage-
ment plans based on guidance  published in early 1985, and twenty-five  States  used
Section 106 grants to  manage nonpoint source  programs,


TRAINING GRANTS (SECTION 104)

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  no funds for  these  grants in 1987.  The Agency believes
that sufficient interest and  opportunities exist for people  to enter  environmental
professions without Federal  support.


1986 Program

     The Agency is allocating $239,200  from  the  Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation to support  graduate level academic training in  environmental  scien-
ces and engineering at 27  universities.


1985Accompl1shments

     In 1985,  the  Agency  obligated  $216,000   from  the  Abatement,   Control  and
Compliance appropriation  for  training   grants.   These  funds  were  used to  support
graduate level  academic  training  in  environmental  sciences  and  engineering  at
27 universities.

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I
                                                                 WATER DUALITY
                                                    Mater Quality Strategies  Implementation


PROGRAM
Dredge and Fill
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compile nee
TOTAL
Ocean Disposal Permits
Salaries t Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Env1 ronmental Emergency
Response f>. Prevention
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Standards $ Regulations
Salaries ^ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
r» 	 i i _ _ _ _
ACTUAL
1985


$2,632.3
$471.9
$3,104.2
$2,061.3
$2,130.5
$4,191.8
$1,707.2
$1,633.7
$3,340.9
$4,085.4
$2,364.2
$6,449.6
$10,486.2
$6,600.3
BlinfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

$3,116.7
$1,653.3
$4,770.0
$2,1.14.2
$6,797.2
$8,931.4
$2,781.7
$1, 848.0
$4,629.7
$4,349.0
$2,51*5.3
$6,8fi4.3
$12,381.6
412,813.8
ENACTED
1986
W THOUSANDS)

$2,930.8
$1,653.3
$4,584.1
$2,168,2
$6,797.2
$8,965.4
$2,546.7
$1,948.0
$4,494.7
$4,347.5
$2,515.3
$6,862.8
$11,993.2
$12,913.8
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION


-$126.0
-$71.1
-$197.1
-$93.1
-$292.2
-$385.3
-$109.7
-$83.8
-$193.5
-$187.1
-$108.2
-$295.3
-$515.9
-$555.3
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


$2,804.8
$1,582.2
$4,387.0
$2,075.1
$6,505.0
$8,580.1
$2,437.0
$1,864.2
$4,301.2
$4,160.4
$2,407.1
$6,567.5
$11,477.3
$12,358.5
ESTIMATE
1987


$2,944.5
$1,653.3
$4,597.8
$2,491.9
$6,579.2
$9,071.1
$2,587.4
$1,848.0
$4,435.4
$4,130.7
$2,165.3
$6,296.0
$12,154.5
$12,245.8
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


$139.7
$71.1
$210.8
$416.8
$74.2
$491.0
$150.4
-$16.2
$134.2
-$29.7
-$241.8
-$271.5
$677.2
-$112.7
                  Compliance

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                                                  Water Duality
                                    Water  Quality Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
  Water fual'lty
  Strategies
  Implementation
                    (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL  $17,086.5   $25,195.4  $24S907.0   -$1S071.2    $23,835.8  $24,400.3
PERMANENT 1IORKYEARS

Dredge and Fil1
Ocean Disposal Permits
Environmental Emergency
Response A Prevention
Standards * Regulations
TOTAL -PCrHANCPJ'! HORKYEARS

TOTAL WORKYEARS
Dredge and Fil1
Ocean Disposal Permits
Environmental  Emergency
Response * Prevention
Standards A Regulations
TOTAL N0RKYEARS
$564.5
63. "S
38.9
41.3
86.5
?30.2
66.?
41.0
46.4
94.5
248.1
68.6
42.4
60.8
89.3
261.1
75.3
45.6
68.1
%.5
?84.5
68.8
44.3
60.9
87.1
261.1
75.3
47.0
68.0
95.5
285.8
68.fl
44.3
60.9
87.1
P61.1
75.3
4760
68.0
95.5
285.8
68.8
52.3
61.2
84.7
2G7.0
75. 3
55.4
68.0
91.6
290.3

8.0
0.3
-2.4
5.9

8.4

-3.9
4.5

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                                  WATER QUALITY


                      Water Quality Strategies Implementation
Budget' Request
     The Agency requests a total of $24,400,300  supported  by  290.3 total  workyears
for 1987, an increase of $564,500 and an increase of 4.5 total workyears  from 1986.
Of this  request,  $12,154,500  will  be  for the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation
and $12,245,800 will  be for the Abatement,  Control and  Compliance  appropriation,
an increase of $677,200 and a decrease of $112,700 respectively.

Program Description

     The program areas under this subactivity include:

     Dredge and Fill  —  The  focus  of the  Section 404 Program will be  to  ensure
that the most significant problems  in wetlands and other aquatic  systems  are  ident-
ified and  appropriately addressed through  implementation  of improved  scientific
and administrative  methods  for  dealing  with  those problems.   Headquarters  will
develop guidance and  revise  regulations and  procedures  to ensure sound,  effective,
and consistent methods  to  identify and address the most  significant  environmental
problems supported  by an active enforcement  and  compliance program.  Regions  will
use their authorities to review and comment on public notices of permit applications
and, when necessary to  protect significant resource values,  will elevate permits,
restrict or prohibit discharges, and establish jurisdictional  boundaries  to  ensure
a strong, efficient, and consistent program.  Regions will assist  in the  identifica^
tion of  critical  wetlands  requiring immediate  protective action, will  strengthen
efforts to  have an  effective  404  compliance and  enforcement  program,  and  will
continue their  work in  transferring the  Section  404  Program  to  interested  and
qualified States.

     Ocean Disposal Permits— The ocean  disposal program includes the  regulation
of ocean disposal  by outfal1s,  dumping,  incineration at sea, designation of disposal
sites, development  of ocean disposal  policies,   and participation  in  interagency
programs that deal  with the development  and protection  of ocean resources.   The
Agency's ocean disposal  programs are authorized  by  the  Marine Protection, Research
and Sanctuaries Act  (MPRSA)  of 1972 and the  Clean  Water Act, as amended, and  are
consistent with the mandatory  provisions of  the current Convention  on  Prevention
of Marine  Pollution by  Dumping  of  Wastes and  Other Matter,  known  as the  London
Dumping Convention.  This  program  supports  both Headquarters and Regional  staff.

     To carry out  ocean disposal permitting  functions,  the Administrator  of  EPA is
authorized to regulate the disposal  of all materials except dredged material, which
is regulated  by the Corps  of  Engineers.  MPRSA prohibits the  transportation  and
dumping in ocean water of chemical,  biological, and  radiological  warfare  agents and
high level radioactive materials.  EPA has statutory responsibility for  designating
all ocean dumping  sites, including  those for dredged material.

     Environmental Emergency Response and— This  program  will  continue
to maintaini an  around-the-clock capability  to  receive  notice  of and  respond  to
major incidents of accidental  releases  of oil and other  petroleum products.  (Spills
of hazardous  substances are  covered under  Superfund.)   Removal actions will  be
directed by Regional personnel  at serious  incidents where the responsible party is
unidentifiable, refuses to clean up-,  or is, incapable of providing adequate response
and where  State  or local  authorities lack  appropriate  expertise  or  resources.

     The cleanup monitoring program will continue to provide incentive for adequate
removal by responsible parties, as well as serve as a  mechanism for  drawing State
and local agencies  into directing removals themselves.   The Agency's  focus in 1986
                                        WB-41

-------
will be on encouraging State and local  governments to assume a greater share of the
responsibility for responsing to oil spills.  Federal resources, therefore, will  be
concentrated on  major actions  where  State,  local,  or  private  response is  not
feasible.

     Standa_Ms and Regu 1 at i ons -;- This program implements water quality-based con-
trol s~bysetting waterquality' standards  pursuant  to  Section  303, 304(a),  and
307(a) of  the  Clean  Water  Act  (CWA).   EPA and  the  States  use the  water quality
criteria adopted in the  standards  as the  basis  for  water  quality-based  controls.
EPA publishes guidance on  water quality  criteria applicable to freshwater, marine,
and estuarine environments and  sediments.   Under Section 405,  the Agency develops
and publishes regulations  providing  guidelines for  the  disposal  and utilization  of
sludge.  This program also includes Clean Lakes grants management.  Both Headquart-
ers and Regional programs arp supported by this program element.


DREDGE AND FILL
1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $4,597,800  supported by 75.3  total  workyears
for this program, of  which $2,944,500 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,653,300  will  be  for  the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This  represents an increase  of  $139,700 and  $71,100,  respectively,  no
change in total  workyears.  The  increases reflect  adjustments to the  1986 base as
part of government -wide deficit reductions.

     The major  focus  of the  Headquarters program will be to ensure that the most
significant national  problems  in  wetland and other aquatic  systems are identified
and protection increased appropriately through development of consistent and effec-
tive national policies and  related  guidance,  implementation  of  revised regulations
and procedures  for   State  program  assumption,  increased  cooperative   effort  with
other Federal Agencies  and through  implementation of improved scientific and tech-
nical methods of  addressing significant  problems.  This will increase program pre-
dictability and efficiency  for the  regulated  public.   Regions will  continue to use
their authorities to  protect  significant resource  values.  Regions will  also in-
crease their  enforcement  and compliance  efforts  and continue  to encourage  the
transfer of the  Section 404  Program  to  interested and qualified  States  under the
revised regulations.


1986 Prog ran

     In 1986,  the Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of  $4,387,000  supported  by  75.3
total workyears  for this  program,  of which  $2,804,800  is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation  and $1,582,200 is for the Abatement,  Control and Compliance
appropriation.

     Headquarters will develop a  system  for identifying the most significant prob-
lems involving  wetlands and other  aquatic  areas, improve scientific and technical
methods of  addressing them, and  finalize revisions  to the 404 State Program regu-
lations.  Regions will initiate action to address  the most significant environmental
problems (for  example,  the  loss  of  bottomland  hardwood  wetlands).   Regions  will
also strengthen  efforts to  transfer  the 404 Program  to the States and  to ensure
general permits  are environmentally sound.
      In  19R5,  the  Agency obligated a  total  of $3,104,200 supported  by 66.2 total
workyears  for  this program,  of  which  $2,632,300 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation  and  $471,900 from the  Abatement, Control  and  CompTiance appropria-
tion.
                                           WQ-42

-------
     Headquarters initiated development of a 1986  EPA  Program  Management plan, and
proposed revised 404 State Program regulations.  Regions reviewed over 5,000 Section
404 permits, ensured general  permits were soundly developed, continued to work with
States on 404 program  assumption,  and exercised EPA's authorities under the  Clean
Water Act  to  prevent  unacceptable  discharges  of  dredged  and  fill   material.


OCEAN DISPOSAL PERMITS

1987 P rogram R eg u est

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $9,071,100  supported  by 55.4 total  workyears
for this program, of which $2,491,900  will  be  for the  Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $6,579,200 will  be for  the Abatement, Control and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This  represents an  increase of $416,800 and $74,200,  respectively, and
an increase of 8.4  in  total workyears.  The  increases  reflect  expande'd emphasis on
deep water site management and ocean incineration permitting.

     The Agency  will be completing  development of  a comprehensive revision to the
ocean dumping regulations  and development  of  program guidance and  technical pro-
tocols as  required.   The  comprehensive  revision  will  be  responsive to  two  court
cases, amendments to legislation,  and the knowledge and experience  gained through
program management.

     Further evaluations will  he conducted in fully assessing the long term impacts
of incineration-at-sea.   With  the  promulgation of  the incineration-at-sea regula-
tion in 1986, there will  be  increased site designation activity,  permitting activ-
ity and. a corresponding increase for comprehensive monitoring activity.

     The Agency  will  be continuing to review  and  issue permits  for municipal and
industrial ocean  disposal.   This activity  includes evaluating and  characterizing
waste samples on a case-by-case  basis.   The Agency will  also continue to review
dredged material  disposal  permits  issued by the Corps of  Engineers,  and will con-
tinue the  accelerated  preparation  of  environmental   assessments  to  support  site
designations for those dredged material disposal sites not covered by the  National
Wildlife Federation (NWF)  Consent Decree.

     The ongoing  site  management  responsibilities will  increase as  more interim
dredged material disposal  sites are designated as final sites and there  is  increas-
ing usage of deep water sites  for municipal  and industrial disposal  operations and
incineration-at-sea burns.  There will be a further emphasis on data management as
the number  of  continuing and  comprehensive  site  monitoring programs increases
through the operation  of  the dredged  material  sites with final  designations and of
the deep water disposal and burn sites.

     The Agency  plans to  resolve  issues  on regulatory, operational and  administra-
tive issues  and  institute  user  fees for this  program   in  1987.   Fees  received
from the  Ocean  Disposal  Permits program  will  not affect  the  Budget Authority re-
quested for the  program in 1987,


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency   is  allocating   a  total  of $8,580,100 supported  by 47.0
total workyears  for this   program,  of which $2,075,100 is  from  the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $6,505,000 is from the  Abatement,  Control, and Compli-
ance appropriation.

    . The program  is continuing to  develop  the  ocean dumping  regulations.  These
regulations respond  to a  1981  court  decision,  which ruled, that the  Agency must
consider the comparative environmental effects of land  versus ocean disposal  in con-
                                          WQ-43

-------
sidering an ocean disposal permit application.    That court decision also requires
the Agency to  provide for  balancing  the environmental  effects  of ocean  disposal
methods, while meeting specific environmental criteria established  by the  Statute.

     In the area of  site  designation  and monitoring, the  program has scheduled  26
surveys of interim and existing ocean disposal sites  for site designation  purposes
and to determine the environmental  impacts of disposal.  Two deep water  sites  with-
in the New York 106-mile site is being monitored  in accordance with  a comprehensive
monitoring plan.

     Of particular concern  in 1986 is  the development  and implementation of  the
incineration-at-sea regulation, paralleled  by  the  implementation  of the  research
strategy for this program.  Additional ports of  loading  and potential  incineration
sites are being surveyed for designation  in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Compre-
hensive incineration site monitoring programs are  being  implemented to  assure ade-
quate baseline information  for designation  and/or to assess  continuing protection
of the  marine  environment  through  adequate  site management.   A  permit has  been
proposed for a research burn.   The Agency is establishing a comprehensive monitoring
assessment and impact analysis  program  to review the  data from the research  burn
to support authorization of subsequent burns.  A major element of the impact analysis
program is the development of a predictive model  to be used  1n assessing environment-
al impacts from incineration operations.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a  total  of $4,191,800  supported by 41.0  total
workyears for this program, of which $2,061,300  was  from the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $2,130,500 was from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appro-
priation.

     The majority of the extramural  resources were for site surveys, development of
environmental assessments, and  site designation,  and the  review,  processing,  and
issuance of permits for ocean  disposal.   This includes evaluating and characterizing
waste samples provided by facilities applying  for permits.  The  waste characteris-
tics are examined .for suitability for  ocean  disposal  at existing  sites on a case-by-
case basis.

     The Agency  conducted monitoring  surveys  of  existing and  interim designated
ocean disposal sites.  Samples were collected and analyzed to determine  and monitor
the environmental impacts  of waste disposal at the designated ocean sites.  Environ-
mental  Impact Statements  were  issued  on  ocean  disposal sites as required under the
National Wildlife Federation Consent Decree.  Additional site  designation  work was
begun on interim designated  material  disposal  sites not covered under  the Consent
Decree.

     Substantial work was undertaken  for the incineration-at-sea program.   Regula-
tions were  proposed  in  February  1985.   EPA held  5 public hearings and conducted
numerous informational briefings  around the country.   Over 500 separate  comments
were received during  the  comment period  which  closed in  June  1985,   In addition,
EP&.produced a  research   strategy to  support the program  and  initiated efforts to
implement the research strategy.

     Work was initiated  on revision of the ocean dumping regulations.


ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND PREVENTION

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $4,435,400  supported  by 68.0  total, workyears
years for this  program,  of  which $2,587,400 will be  for the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and  $1,848,000  will  be  for the Abatement,  Control,  and Compliance
                                        WQ-44

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appropriation.  This reflects  an  increase of  $150,400 and a decrease  of  $16,200,
respectively, and  no  change in  total  workyears.   The increase  is  due to  higher
operating costs.

     The Agency  has  a  24-hour-a-day  capability  to  respond to  notifications  of
accidental spills  or threats of  releases.   Federal removal  is  directed  at  major
incidents where  the  responsible  party  is  unidentifiable,  refuses  to  clean  up,
or is  incapable of providing  timely  and  adequate  removal  and  where the  States
and local authorities  lack the  necessary expertise, equipment, or funding.

     Spill notifications  will  be  processed  to determine  what,  if  any,  response
is required.   The  Federal   government  will   direct   response  operations  at  120
major spills  and  will  monitor on-scene  at 400  removals  conducted by responsible
parties or State and local authorities  to ensure adequate response.

     Federal regulations require the implementation of a Spill Prevention,  Control,
and Countermeasure (SPCC) plan at oil  storage facilities  and transfer points that
could reasonably be expected to spill  a significant amount  of oil into the  waters
of the United States.    Regional  staff, with assistance from contractor personnel,
will conduct  compliance inspections at  selected  facilities  included  in  the SPCC
program, in an effort  to reduce the frequency  and volume of releases that occur.  An
estimated 1,5.50 SPCC inspections will be conducted.

     The Agency  also  maintains  an  Environmental  Response  Team  (ERT)  to provide
Regional and  State personnel  with  response  training and  on-site  technical  and
operational assistance  at complex  emergency  incidents.   The  F.RT is staffed  by
personnel with  a  high  degree  of expertise  in the  areas  of   spill   control  and
removal, spill   sampling   and   analysis techniques, and   damage   assessments.

     Regional response  capability is  augmented through  the Technical  Assistance
Team (TAT)  contract.    This  contract   provides  contractor  workyears  to  assist
Regional staff  and the ERT  in responding to  Clean Water  Act  section  3.11  spills
and environmental emergencies.


1986	Program

     In 1986  the  Agency  is  allocating  a total  of $4,301,200  supported  by 68.0
total workyears  to this  program, of  which  $2,437,000  is  from  the   Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation  and  $1,864,200  is from the Abatement,  Control,  and Com-
pliance appropriation.

     Headquarters will   ensure  overall  management  of  the  program and  the Regions
will be  responsible for managing  response actions.  The  oil component  of the ERT
will provide  special  engineering  and  technical  advice at  any  unusually  large or
complex spills.   Regional  personnel   will  be available  on a   24-hour   basis  to
respond to  the  estimated  9,000   notifications  received by  the  National  Response
Center of  accidental  releases  of  oil  and other  petroleum products.   The  Agency
will provide  on-scene monitoring  at  400  removals  undertaken  by  responsible parties
or State and local authorities  and will direct removals at 120 major oil incidents.
An estimated 1,550 SPCC Inspections will be conducted.


19R5 Accompli shments

     In 1985  the  Agency  obligated  $3,340,900 supported  by 46.4 total  workyears
for this  program,  of  which  $1,707,200 was,from the  Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation and  $1,633,700 was from the  Abatement,   Control,  and   Compliance  appro-
priation. . Regional offices received  and  screened  over 9,000  notifications  of
oil spill  releases.   Of these,  the  Agency   directed  removals  at  58 major  oil
spills and  responded  on-scene  at  370 non-Federally  funded incidents.   In addi-
                                         WQ-45

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STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

1987ProgramRequest

     The Agency requests a  total  of $6,296,000  supported  by 91.6 total  workyears
for this program,  of which  $4,130,700 will  be  for  the  Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,165,300  will  be for the  Abatement,  Control and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This represents  a decrease of  $29,700 and  $241,800,  respectively, and a
decrease of 3.9 In  total workyears.   Resource  decreases reflect  the  completion  of
sediment studies and the issuance of sediment criteria in 1986.

     State water  quality standards  serve as  the  regulatory  basis  for  treatment
controls that  go  beyond technology-based  treatment requirements.  The Agency  will
continue to  work  with  States  to  identify  water  quality  limited  stream  segments
where standards revisions may  be warranted.   The  revised water  quality  standards
regulation specifies that States  must identify  specific  water bodies where toxic
pollutants are  known  or suspected to  be causing  use impairment.  To ensure that
water quality  standards  are based  on adequate  data and  information,  and  that they
meet the requirements  of the Clean  Water Act, the Regional Offices  will  continue
assisting States  in  collecting  data  and  determining  where  site-specific  criteria
development may be warranted.

     The program will  continue  to  work  with States in  integrating  the  development
of site-specific  criteria into  the States'  standards review and  revision  process.
The program  will  provide guidance and assistance  to  the States  to  resolve intra-
and interstate  issues  affecting toxic pollutant permit  controls, and continue  to
develop guidance  to  help States  establish  and  implement  approaches for  applying
numerical or narrative toxic standards in permitting programs.

     In 1987,  the  program   will  continue its  primary  emphasis  on  developing  and
issuing water  quality   criteria  and  water  quality advisories  for  freshwater  and
marine aquatic  life to  help States  determine  appropriate  protection  levels  for
toxic and other pollutants.  Water quality  advisories provide  screening  levels  for
pollutants based on available data  for  both aquatic life and human health effects.
State adoption of criteria  for  toxic pollutants  is a  requirement  under the revised
water quality  standards regulation.

     The Agency will  promulgate technical  criteria  and  management  practices  for
the reuse  or  disposal  of municipal  sewage  sludge in  1987,  and  the program  will
shift from regulation development to regulation implementation.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the Agency 1s allocating  a total  of $6,567,500 and 95.5 total  work-
years for this program, of which $4,160,400  is  from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,407,100 is from  the Abatement,  Control and Compliance appropriation.

     The Agency continues its emphasis on the  development  and  issuance  of criteria
and water quality advisories primarily for toxic and non-conventional pollutants  in
fresh and marine  environments.   In  1985, the  Agency initiated work  on  developing

scientific methods  for  screening  pollutants in sediment, and in  1986,  is  planning
to propose sediment criteria for four pollutants, two organic chemicals  and two me-
tals.

     The program is working  with the States  to implement  the revised water quality
standards regulation with special emphasis on  adopting toxic criteria and upgrading
water body  uses  to  fishable  and  swimmahle  standards.   Greater  priority  is  being
given to examining the adequacy of  any narrative  criteria for toxics and  identifying
the method  by  which the State  intends to  regulate  point  source discharges- of toxic
pollutants.  Regional   Offices  continue  to review  State-adopted  additions  or revi-
sions to water quality  standards.  EPA is assisting the  States  in the use  of site-
specific criteria and use attainability protocols.
                                          WQ-46

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     The Agency is developing regulations for the disposal  and  utilization  of muni-
cipal sewage sludge under Section 405 of the CWA.   The  program will  propose metho-
dologies for developing  numerical  limits, management  practices and  technological
controls of sludge, to develop environmental  profiles for contaminants of  concern,
and to issue  technical  summary documents  for each  sludge  disposal  option.  This
effort will  provide  the technical  basis  for  conducting  intermedia  analyses   and
for proposal of technical  sewage sludge  regulations in  1986.

     The Agency will  continue to provide management of  the Clean Lakes  projects  and
assist States and  local  agencies  in  overseeing  lake restoration project  funding.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  $6,449,600  supported  by  94.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,085,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses  appropria-
tion and $2,364,200 -was from the  Abatement,  Control and  Compliance  appropriation.

     The program published final documents for nine freshwater  criteria,  ten marine
criteria and a revised methodology, and proposed  a new criteria for dissolved oxygen.
Screening level   procedures  and a long  term  workplan  were  developed for  sediment
criteria, and the microbiological criteria was  proposed.   Planning  and development
of water quality advisories  was initiated.  Environmental profiles and  an  overall
summary for  forty-nine  possible  pollutants  was  published  for  the  sewage sludge
criteria/regulations.  The variance policy of the revised water  quality standards
regulation was updated and  guidance on  anti-degradation  was published.  Technical
workshops were conducted on implementation of the standards regulation,  use attain-
ability analyses, and development  of site-specific criteria.

     The Agency  responded to hundreds of  requests  from all  States for  support in
conducting use  attainability  analyses,  setting  site-specific  criteria,  and  in-
creasing the coverage of toxic pollutants in  State standards.   Water quality stand-
ards promulgation was proposed for  Idaho and public hearings  were  conducted.   The
program continued management  of the Clean Lakes program, which  included reviewing
and approving grant applications for existing Clean Lakes projects.
                                        WQ-47

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Page Intentionally Blank

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PROGRAM.
                         WATER OUALITY

              Hater Quality Monitoring
                                                                 Analysis
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REIIJCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1
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Coastal Environment
Management
Water Quality
Monitoring & Analysis
TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                                 WATER nilALITY
                                      Water Duality Monitoring £ Analysis

PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Coastal Environment
Management
Water Pual i ty
Monitoring * Analysis
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL MORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985

5.9
166.4
172.3

RUOfiET
ESTIMATE
1Q86
(DOLLARS
e.n
153.3
159.3

ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
41 tl
154.0
195.1

CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986

41.1
154.0
195.1

ESTIMATE
1987

41* 1
150.3
191.4

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986

-3.7
-3.7

  6.4
187.1
193.5
  6.0
44.8
170.8      170.8
176.8      215.6
44.8
44.8
                       170.8      163.5
                       215.6
          208.3
                       -7.3
                                                                                                           -7.3

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                                   HATER QUALITY


                       Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Budget Request
     The Agency requests  a  total  of 118,210,600  supported  hy 208.3  workyears  for
1987, a decrease of $1,928,600 and 7.3 total workyears  from 1986.   Of the request,
$9,123,000 will be for the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation and  $9,087,60(1  will
be for the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation, a decrease  of $19,600
and $1,909,000 respectively.


Program Description

     The program areas under this subactivity include:

     Coastal  Enyironment Management — This  program  element  integrates  all  Clean
Water Act activities related to Coastal  waters  including estuarine management (pre-
viously budgeted under Comprehensive Estuarine  Management)  and  301(h)  marine  dis-
charge waivers  (previously  budgeted  under Permit  Issuance).  This program provides
assistance to support those State and local  management  activities required to  pro-
tect or to restore the  estuarine  zone  and continental   shelf  ecosystem, including
water quality, balanced  indigenous populations of  marine biota, and other beneficial
uses, from the  adverse  impacts of toxic, nutrient  and  other  pollutants.  This  in-
cludes 1) supporting  State  and local  studies  for  selected estuarine Initiatives,
2} making determinations  on (and  monitoring) ocean discharge waiver  requests,  and
3) evaluating all   ocean discharges  against  403(c)  criteria.  This program supports
both Headquarters  and Regional  staffs.

     Water Quality Monitoring and          --  This  program  supports  biological,
chemical,and physical evaluations of water quality to  assess  water quality status
and trends, identify water  quality problems and their  causes, and  determine cost-
effective levels of control  required to meet local water quality objectives.   The
program emphasizes effective technical guidance and assistance to the States, which
are primarily  responsible for   collecting,  analyzing,  and  interpreting  monitoring
data.  These activities and requirements  are authorized by  Sections 104, 106,  303,
and 305 of the  Clean Water Act.   This program supports  both Headquarters and Regional
staffs.


COASTAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $7,882,500 supported by  44.8 total workyears for
this program, of which $1,686,800  will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $6,195,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.  This
represents an increase of $55,500 and a decrease of $1,149,300, respectively and no
change in total workyears.  The increase  in Salaries  and Expenses reflects adjust-
ments to the 1986  base as part of the government-wide deficit reductions.  The de-
crease in Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects the completion of two estuarine
studies.

     In 1987 the Agency will continue to manage technical support contracts for the
review of 301(h) marine  discharge  waiver applications and monitoring programs.  Most
decisions will he  completed by the end of the year  and waiver recipients will begin
implementing water quality monitoring programs.   The focus  of the program will  have
shifted to the  managing  and analyzing  of monitoring  data  from  waiver recipients.
                                          WQ-50

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     The Agency  will  begin  providing technical  support  for the  preparation  of
403(c) Ocean Discharge  Criteria Evaluations for  general  permits for  oil  and  gas
operations on the outer continental  shelf.

     Technical  support  will  continue  for  the  national  estuarine programs.   This
comprehensive estuarine  approach  includes  quantifying  pollutant loads, assessing
impacts on  estuarine  water quality  and  resources,  and providing  recommendations
on priority trade-offs  of load reduction  between  sources so that  EPA and  States
can take the appropriate steps to  restore  or  maintain and,  where possible,  en-
hance environmental quality.  The approach  uses participatory management and  joint
decision making among Federal, State, and local  authorities,  as well  as the  public,
to define the  nature  and extent of environmental  problems,  analyze  appropriate
data, relate ambient water quality conditions to land based pollutant loads,  gather
monitoring data and develop monitoring plans, and  recommend  alternative management
actions to abate environmental problems.

     It is anticipated  that two of  the national  estuarine studies started in  1985
will be  nearing  completion   as  public  discussion  of  their  draft  master  plans
begins.  Two new estuarine initiatives will be selected  on  the  basis  of national
environmental priorities.


1986 Program

     The Agency is allocating  a total  of $8,976,300 supported by 44.8 total  work-
years in this program, of which $1,631,300 is from the Salaries and  Expenses  appro-
priation and $7,345,000 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance  appropriation.

     During 1986, the estuarine management  program  1s accelerating the integration
of work  products  from  1985,  including  problem  identification  and  assessment,
pollutant source quantification,  assessment of  impacts  on environmental quality,
and specific action  plans for priority  problems  identified.   These are essential
inputs for the  monitoring programs  and  the development  of comprehensive environ-
mental master plans  for  Long  Island Sound,  Narragansett Bay,  Buzzards  Bay,  and
Puget Sound.  The  plans  will  balance  pollution control  levels  between point  and
nonpoint sources,  and will  form  the  basis for  Implementing control  actions  to
achieve environmental  results.

     The Agency,  in   coordination with  National  Oceanic  and  Atmospheric Admini-
stration (NOAA), is assisting  selected State and local  agencies  in the development
and implementation of estuarine studies  and programs through  financial assistance,
both matching grants  and  contracts, and  generic  guidance  developed  on  the basis of
the Agency's experience in the Chesapeake Bay and Great  Lakes  Programs. The  Agency
is also  developing a  technology  transfer  system  to  aid  the  selected  estuary
programs and other estuarine  initiatives,  as  appropriate, in the  interchange  of
technical methodologies and program  management techniques.

     During 1986,  3pl(h)  decisions   will  be  accelerated  to  assure  that National
Municipal Policy Waiver recipients  are implementing their monitoring  programs  and
submitting monitoring data to the  Agency  for analysis.


1985 Accompl 1 shnients

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  for the  Comprehensive  Estuarine Management
activities in this program element a total  of $336,200,  supported by 6.4 workyears
for this program,  all  of which was  from the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.
The 301(h) activities in  this  program  element  were included  in the  Permit Issuance
program element in 1985.

     The Agency,  in   coordination  with  NOAA,  assisted  State and  local  agencies
dealing with these four water bodies during 1985  in the  formulation of work  pro-
                                        WQ-51

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grams to carry out  studies  to  determine wasteload sources and  characteristics,  to
locate and quantify nutrient and  toxic problem areas, and to  identify  the  manage-
ment and data needs for the design of control  and abatement programs.   EPA provided
financial assistance through matching grants and  contracts  to carry out the studies.
The overall  schedule  for  completion  of  each  estuary will  vary  depending on  the
complexity of the estuary, and extent of previously completed work.

     On the  basis  of  nutrient  and  toxics  abatement  experiences  gained  in  the
Chesapeake Ray Program and the Great Lakes Program, the Agency developed a national
estuarine policy and generic estuarine program guidance document for use  by  State
Ind local officials in program design and implementation.

     Under the Comprehensive Estuarine  Management .sub-activity in the  Research and
Development appropriation,  $3,962,500  was obligated  for  water  quality  research,
sampling, monitoring, and  assessment in  this  area.   This  was the  initial  funding
provided to assist  State  and local  agencies in developing  programs for Long Island
Sound, Narragansett  Bay,  Buzzards  Bay, and  Puget  Sound  to  protect the  critical
ecosystems of these estuarine  zones from land-generated nutrient and  toxic pollu-
tants.


WATER nu AL .1
1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $10,328,100  supported  by 163.5 total  workyears
for this program, of  which $7,436,200  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $?., 891, 900 will  he for the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropri-
ation.  This  represents a  decrease of  $75,100  and  $759,700  respectively and  a
decrease of 7.3 total  workyears.   These decreases primarily reflect  reduced emphasis
on issuance  of detailed technical  guidance  documents  and  the  completion  of the
National Dioxin Study final  report.

     Many dischargers of toxic pollutants may need more stringent National  Pollu-
tant Discharge  Elimination   System (NPDES)  permit limitations  in  order to  meet
State water  quality  standards.   For this reason, a  high  priority  of the program
is to  continue to  assist  States  in  developing  water  quality-based  controls for
toxic pollutants  for  NPDES  permits.   The program will  continue to  assist  States
and Regions  in the use of  biomonitorlng techniques   for assessing and controlling
toxicity of  effluents,  and  in the  use  of   new interactive wasteload  allocation
(WLA) models for  personal  computers.   The program will  provide workshops  on  WLAs
and will work  with  States  on site-specific WLA projects.  In addition, the Regions
will continue technical  reviews of State-submitted total maximum/ daily loads (TMDLs)
and WLAs.

     The program  will continue to improve the management  and use  of water quality
information for purposes of  selecting and  analyzing problem waters.   New methods
such as biological  survey techniques  and computerized files  will  be developed and
maintained for  use  by Regions  and States in  identifying and tracking waters.  The
program will also conduct additional pilot applications of data integration techni-
ques with the  States  for their use in biennial  Section  305(b)  assessments and for
WLAs.

     The program  will work  actively with States  to continue the  shift of emphasis
from routine monitoring of  conventional  pollutants to address aquatic toxicity and
human health problems.  The Regions will  continue to  assess water quality problems
and conduct  laboratory  analyses  at priority  sites and work with  States  1n  iden-
tifying stream  reaches that   need  water  quality -based controls   including   WLAs.

     The program will continue studies of bioaccumulative  pollutants in fish tissue
and contamination of  sediments.   In the 1984  Section  305(b)  reports, several States
reported detectable levels  of  toxic pollutants  in fish tissue that  exceeded  Food
                                         WQ-52

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and Drug Administration  (FDA)  action levels,  and reported  other  actions such  as
fish consumption advisories  and  bans.  The  Agency's  bioaccumulation study  is  de-
signed to characterize the nature and  extent of fish tissue contamination.   Sampling
and statistical analysis  will be completed  by the end of  1987.   Also,  the program
will initiate field sampling activities  as part of a comprehensive national assess-
ment of accumulation of toxic pollutants in sediments  in  order for EPA to  deal  with
these difficult, unregulated contamination problems.  The sediment study will  eval-
uate the nature of  the problem and  its  causes,  and will  investigate the technical,
administrative, and legal aspects  of alternatives for  mitigating  sediment  contamin-
ation problems.  The results of these  studies will assist  in focusing future regula-
tory control actions to reduce exposure  to toxic pollutants.  The program  will  con-
tinue its support of  quality assurance  (QA)  for all monitoring activities and pro-
vide positions for the Environmental Services Division Directors.


1986Program

     The Agency is allocating a total  of $11,162,900 supported by 170.8  total  work-
years for this program, of which $7,511,300 is from the Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation and $3,651,600 is from the  Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation.

     The program is continuing to work  with  the-States to implement the monitoring
strategy which  EPA  updated  in  1985  to  emphasize improved  information management
to help target toxic pollutant monitoring.  Regions will  work with States  to assure
that State programs are  directed to the important environmental problems  and  that
water quality-based permits are developed where appropriate.

     The program  is providing technical  support  to  States  for developing  water
quality-based limitations and improving methods  used to  support  State permit  writ-
ers.  The program will  provide  technical  assistance  in  analyzing the State  back-
log of toxic pollutant samples.  We will provide assistance to State permit writers
1n the  use  of biomonitoring techniques and  in  directly  assessing the  chronic  and
acute toxicity  of discharges.   Review of  State WLAs  and  TM)Ls  will  continue  with
special emphasis on areas where control  decisions are  most needed.

     Headquarters is  issuing further technical  guidance  and  conduct additional
workshops on  WLAs  and biomonitoring  approaches.  These  methodologies will  be  ex-
tended to key types  of estuarine and marine waters.  In addition, field tests of the
technical guidance will  be performed in  cooperation with other Headquarters offices,
Regions and States,

     Analysis and evaluation of the results  of  the National  Dioxin  Study  was  com-
pleted in December  1985  and a  final  report  is being prepared  for  Congress.   The
program is conducting  follow-up assessments in some locations to  identify the speci-
fic sources  of dioxin  problems and  will  initiate  appropriate clean-up,  health
advisories or other actions.  Also, sampling and analysis will  begin in  1986  on a
study of other dioxin  isomers and on other persistent and bioaceumulative pollutants
in fish tissue.  The  study will  utilize samples  collected  during  the dioxin  study
and new samples collected at areas of suspected contamination.   In a separate study
the program will compile an inventory of sediment contamination problems throughout
the United States.  The  information will  be used  in  1987  to target  field sampling
activities, as part of a comprehensive national assessment.

     The program will  continue  to   implement quality  assurance (QA)  efforts.   This
includes overseeing State QA implementation  required in EPA  grants, participating
1n interlaboratory  tests  and  audits,  and  reviewing  QA procedures.  The program
will also continue  to operate and  enhance  the  water quality  information  systems.
The Regional  offices   will  work  with  the  States  in- preparing  the 1986 Section
305(b) report.
                                        WQ-53

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1985 Accomplishment s

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  $12,832,300 supported by 187.1 total workyears
for this program of  which $8,170,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $4,661,900 was  from the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.

     The program continued  to  promote the  use of biomonitoring  and to assist  in
development of TMDLs  and  WLAs.   In  conjunction with the  National   Pollutant  Dis-
charge Elimination  System  (NPDES)  program,  we  issued  a  final  technical  support
document for water  quality-based  control of toxic pollutants, using biomonitoring
to assess the toxicity of effluents.  The two programs jointly  held  seven technical
workshops for Regions and  States  to explain and promote the use  of  these methods.
The program developed a  pilot  test   of these  technical  approaches for  controlling
actual instream consequences of the  discharge of toxicity in effluents.

     The program  completed sampling  for the  National  Dioxin  Study,  "His  effort
included sampling  a  representative  number  of  hydrologic  units  to  assess  dioxin
build-up in bed  sediments  and  native fish.   It also  included  intensive surveys  at
a sample of manufacturing and pesticide use  sites.  A final  report is being prepar-
ed for issuance in FY 1986.

     The program issued the  1984  Section 305(b) Water Quality Inventory Report  to
Congress and issued  guidance to the  States  for preparing  the  1986  Section  305(b)
report.  This  guidance  incorporated  the standardized  approach  for assessing and
reporting water  quality  which  EPA developed  jointly  with the States during  1983-
1984.
                                        WQ-54

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               PROGRAM
                                                                 WATER QUALITY

                                                           Municipal  Source Control
ACTUAL
1985
RUWFT
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BDOGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTI'IATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
!
in
               Municipal  Uaste
               Treatment  Facility
               Construction
                  Salaries *  Expenses
                  Abatement Control  and
                  Compli ance
                  Abatement Control  and.
                  Compliance
       $21,834.9
       $20,719.1

       $13,000.0

TOTAL  $55,554.0
               Waste  Treatment
               Operations  I
               Maintenance
                  Salaries  K Expenses
        $1,413.6
TOTAL   $1,413.6
                TOTAL:
                  Salaries  *  Expenses
                .  Abatement Control  and
                  Compliance
                  Abatement Control  and
                  Compliance

                  Municipal Source
                  Control
$21,895.0  $21,800.2
$19,979.1  $21,979.1
  -$937.5   $20,862.7  $20,173.6     -$688.9
  -$945.1   $21,034.0  $18,779.1   -$2,254.9
$41,874.1  $43,779.3   -$l,882,fi   $41,896.7  $38,952.9   -$2,943.8
       $23,248.5
       $20,719.1

       $13,000.0


TOTAL  $56,967.6
 $1,577.9   $1,549.6
 $1,577.9   $1,549.6
$23,472,9  $23,349.8
$19,979.1  $21,979.1
   -$66.6    $1,483.0   $1,353.9     -$129.1
   -$66.6    $1,483.0   $1,353.9     -$129.1
-$1,004.1   $22,345.7  $21,527.7     -$818.0
  -$945.1   $21,034.0  $18,779.1   -$2,254.9
$43,452.0  $45,328.9   -$1,949.2   $43,379.7  $40,306.8   -$3,072.9

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                                                 MATER QUALITY

                                           •Municipal Source Control

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED
                                   1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET
                                              1986                 REDUCTION
                                             CURRENT    ESTIHATE    INCREASE +
                                             ESTIMATE     1987      DECREASE -
                                               1986               1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                             (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)
Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility
Construction

Waste Treatment
Operations $
Maintenance

TOTAL PERMANENT WOPXYEARS
TOTAL WOPKYEARS
Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility
Construction

Waste Treatment
Operations ft
Maintenance
482.6       472.5      472.0
 32.8
 32.8
33.1       33.7
515.4       505.6      505.7
539.6       523.5      523.2
34.3       34.5
                                  472.0      461.3       -10.7
33.7       30.5
34.5       30.5
-3.2
                                  505.7      491.8       -13.9
                                  523.2      480.4       -42.8
                                                                        -4.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
572.4       557.8      557.7
                                                                                   557.7       510.9       -46.8

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                                 WATER QUALITY

                            Municipal Source Control
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of  $40,306,800 supported by 510.9 total  work-
years for  1987,  a decrease of  $3,072,900  and 46.8 total workyears  from 1986.
Of the request, $21,527,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $18,779,100 will  be for the  Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
a decrease of $818,000 and $2,254,900, respectively.


Program Description

     This subactivity provides  resources at Headquarters and in the Regions for
management of the Construction  Grants program.   For  budgetary  purposes,  re-
sources devoted to managing the Construction Grants  Program are divided into the
following components:

     Municipal Haste Treatment  Facility Construction — This  program  includes
most of the management  activities;  associated  with the Construction Grants pro-
gram in Headquarters  and  Regional  Offices,   Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
resources primarily  support  an  Interagency  agreement  with the  Corps  of Engi-
neers.  Through this agreement, the Corps provides a wide range of construction
management and training activities to  assure  the technical and fiscal integrity
of wastewater treatment project construction.

     Haste Treatment Operations and Maintenance — This  program  supports deve-
lopment of  State  programs to  ensure that Publicly  Owned  Wastewater Treatment
Works (POTWs) meet effluent  requirements.   It  also  provides  support 1n imple-
menting the Agency's National Municipal Policy.


MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY CONSTRUCTION

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency requests a total  of  $38,952,900 supported by 480.4 total  work-
years for this  program,  of which $20,173,800 will  be  for the  Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation and $18,779,100 will be for the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation.  This  represents  a decrease of $688,900 and $2,254,900,
respectively, and a decrease of 42.8 total workyears.   The decrease in Salaries
and Expenses reflects reduced EPA  staffing needs as  a result of reduced numbers
of new  awards  and  active  projects  and  reduced emphasis  on  State technical
assistance.  The  decrease  in  Abatement,  Control  and Compliance reflects lower
funding requirements  for  the Corps  of Engineers  Interagency  Agreement  due to
overall workload  reductions.

     Working with  States,  the  Agency will  manage  a phaseout  of Construction
Grants by  providing  needed regulations,  policies, and  guidance  to develop and
implement State and  local  programs.   EPA will act primarily as overall program
manager with the  States and  the Corps will perform most  project management ac-
tivities.  EPA will continue to exercise remaining  nondelegated project manage-
mentrelated responsibilities in the States and  territories.  Grants and permits
coordination will  continue to  be  provided  to implement the National Municipal
Policy.  The  $16,759,300  request for the Corps  of  Engineers  IAG will purchase
365 workyears  of  effort to  provide  construction management  assistance  to EPA
and the  States.  The  Corps will  emphasize  training  of  States  to accelerate
delegation of construction management  activities  in  addition to  its traditional
construction management activities at  active  construction projects.
                                           WQ-57

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     The 1986 Needs  Survey will  be completed  and Issued.  EPA  will  continue  to
work with States to  target  available funds to meet highest priority water  quality
needs.  To assist implementation of  appropriate  wastewater treatment technologies,
EPA will publish materials on latest technological  findings, and  guidance to States
on sludge management programs and  practices.   The  Municipal Lagoon Study  required
by the 1984 Amendments to the Resource Conservation-and Recovery  Act (RCRA)  will  be
completed and its findings will  be summarized in a  Report to Congress.

     The Agency will  monitor and provide project-specific  assistance to eliminate
remaining project  completi-on/closeout   backlogs  and  resolve  claims  and   grantee
appeals issues.  Work will  continue  with the Office of Inspector General on audits
and bidrigging control.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating a total  of $41,896,700 supported by  523.2
total workyears for  this program,  of  which $20,862,700  is  from the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $21,034,000  is  from the Abatement,  Control and  Compli-
ance appropriation.

     In 1986, EPA is  focusing on revising  program regulations, policies and  guid-
ance needed to  implement  any  statutory changes.  The Agency 1s  continuing  to  mon-
itor State  program   management   and  to  perform non-delegated  program management
activities.  The Corps of Engineers  is continuing  to assist EPA  and the States to
ensure project  construction integrity.   The  Corps will   expend  $18,400,000  and
provide 418 workyears of construction management support.

     The Agency is promulgating  amendments to  construction  grants management  regu-
lations and issuing  guidance  on conducting value  engineering  reviews for  projects
under $10,000,000.   Special  review  of proposed advanced  treatment projects  with
incremental costs over $3,000,000  is continuing  in Headquarters  and is being  dele-
gated on a  trial  basis  In  three Regional  Offices.  Funds  allocated for  operator
training are  being  targeted  to States  to continue providing on-site compliance
assistance to small  communities.


1985 Accompl1shments

     In 1985,  the  Agency  obligated  a total  of  $55,554,000  supported  by  539.6
total workyears for  this  program,  of  which  $21,834,900  was from the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $33,719,100 was from the Abatement,  Control, and  Com-
pliance appropriation.  A  special  appropriation of $13,000,000 in  Abatement,  Con-
trol and Compliance  was  used to  support  the operation  of  a solid waste  disposal
facility in Akron, Ohio.

     Regional staff worked  closely with the  States to ensure orderly implementa-
tion of the  1981  statutory changes coming into effect in  1985.   In 1985,  845 pro-
jects initiated operation and 977  were closed out.  The  $17,050,000 for the  Corps
Interagency Agreement purchased  431  workyears  of support to EPA  and States to  en-
sure technical and fiscal integrity  of construction projects.  Unliquidated oblig-
ations were reduced from $9,900,000,000 to $9,100,000,000.

     The 1984  Needs  Survey  was published  in  1985 presenting for  the first  time
water quality and use improvements for each of 314 sub-basins.   The  Agency devel-
oped proposed  sludge management  regulations  and  promulgated  revised  secondary
treatment regulations, including  implementing guidance  for State  and local  offi-
cials.  Headquarters evaluated  Regional  review  procedures concerning  proposed high
cost Advanced Treatment  projects  and  submitted  a  Report to Congress.  The Agency
also awarded  grants  for  the  remaining 16 Marine  Combined  Sewer projects  meeting
national criteria.  In 1985, the POTW  Funding Task  Force  submitted  its findings  on
funding strategies to promote long-term State and local  self-sufficiency  in  financ-
ing wastewater treatment and long-term municipal compliance.
                                       WQ-58

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    Grants totaling $?,300,000 for operator training were awarded to States to con-
tinue to provide onsite compliance assistance to  operators  of small facilities and
to a national association to  assist  development  of more effective,  self-sufficient
State operator training and Operation and Maintenance programs,

HASTE TREATMENT OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

1987ProgramRequest

     the Agency requests  a  total  of $1,353,900  supported by  30.5  total  workyears
for this program, all of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents  a  decrease  of $129,100  and  4.0 total  workyears.  The  decrease
reflects the ongoing progress  of  this  program  in  developing effective  State opera-
tions and maintenance and operator training programs.

      To help ensure that Federally  funded facilities continue to meet design per-
formance and  compliance requirements, Regional  and  State  staff will  continue  to
provide onsite  compliance assistance  at  minor POTWs  to implement the  Operations
Management Evaluation (OME) Program.   In  support  of National  Municipal  Policy com-
pliance, Regional staff will  also  assist  in review of  proposed compliance plans from
communities not meeting their permit discharge limits.

     EPA will also  continue  to  implement  the  national   Operation  and  Maintenance
(OfllM) Excellence Awards program.  Staff will  continue to review grantee first year
project performance certifications.   Regional staff will also continue to work with
States to promote self-sufficiency in operator  training and  maintain essential over-
sight of State program implementation.


1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a  total   of  $1,483,000 supported  by 34.5
total workyears,  all  of- which is  from the  Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.

     Building on  State  program   accomplishments,  EPA  Regional  Office  staff  are
implementing a new Operations Management Evaluation (OME) program at small publicly
owned treatment facilities that are  not  in compliance,  providing onsite compliance
assistance in each  State and  managing State  operator  training grants.   EPA will
also implement a  National  0AM Excellence  Awards  program.   Regional  awards will  be
presented to  sixty municipalities  and national  awards  will  be presented  to  six
outstanding municipalities based  on their O&M and  compliance programs.   Regional
staff are continuing to assist EPA  and State  compliance programs  to implement the
National Municipal Policy,  EPA is  continuing  to encourage implementation of State
operator training action plans and compliance program integration.


1985 Accomplishments

      In 1985, the  Agency obligated a total of  $1,413,600 supported  by 32.8 total
workyears for this program, all of  which  was from the Salaries  and Expenses  appro-
priation.

      The Agency issued  guidance  on implementation of the  OME and  O&M awards pro-
grams.  The impact of the grantee first year performance  certification requirements
contained in  the  1981  Amendments were  felt  significantly in  1985  as increasing
numbers of performance  certifications were received  for review.  EPA continued to
assist States and  grantees in  developing   improved  operations  and  maintenance and
operator training  programs.   Regional  staff  maintained  oversight  of  operator
training programs  funded  with prior year  grants  and awarded  grants  from the 1985
appropriation.  Approximately 600 small facilities have  been  returned to compliance
in the  States and Puerto  Rico. EPA submitted  a Report to Congress on Training For
Operators of  Publicly  Owned  Wastewater Treatment  Plants  and,  with  States, is con-
tinuing to implement the multi-year  plans in the report for ensuring  self-sufficient,
compliance-oriented State training programs.


                                            WQ-59

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
MATER QUALITY

    ENFORCEMENT
          Water Quality Enforcement....;	  WQ-61
          Mater Quality Permit Issuance....	  WQ-66
          Permit Issuance.	  WQ-67
                                    WQ-60

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                                                 yATER OUALITY

                                           Water Duality Enforcement

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED     CURRENT     ESTIMATE    INCREASE  +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE       1986      BUDGET      ESTIMATE      1987      DECREASE  -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION       1986                1987  VS  1986

                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
•PROGRAM

Water Quality
Enforcement
  Salaries & Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
        $14,fi90.2   $15,549.7  $16,629.2     -$714.8   $15,914.4  $15,999.5       $85.1
         $1,280.6    $2,001.9   $6,057.0     -$260.4    $5,796.6   $2,057.0   -$3,739.6

 TOTAL  $15,970.8   $17,551.6  $22,686.2     -$975.2   $21,711.0  $18,056,5   -$3,654.5
TOTAL:
  Salaries * Expenses
  Ahatenent Control and
  Compliance

Water Quality
Enforcenent
        $14,690.2   $15,549.7  $16,629.2     -$714.8   $15,914.4  $15,999.5
         $1,280.6    $2,001.9   $6,057.0
                                                          $85.1
                      $260.4    $5,796.6   $2,057.0   -$3,739.6
TOTAL   $15,970.8   $17,551.6  $22,686.2     -$975.R   $21,711.0  $18,056.5   -$3,654.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Enforcement

TOTAL PFRMANENT HORKYEARS
            351.3       359.9      383.4
            351.3       359.9      383.4
                                   383.4      383.4


                                   383.4      383.4
TOTAL WORKYEARS

Water Quality
Enforcenent
            385.2
392.4      416.3
416.3      408.3
-8.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
            385.2
392.4      416.3
                                                                                   416.3       408.3
                        -8.0

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                                   WATER QUALITY


                             Uater Duality Enforcement
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $18,056,500  supported  by 408.3 total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease  of $3,654,500 and R.O total workyears  from  1986.   Of the re-
quest, $15,999,500 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation and $2,057,000
will be  for  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation, an  increase of
$85,100. and a  decrease  of  $3,739,600, respectively.  The  increase in  Salaries and
Expenses reflects  adjustments to the  1986  base  as part of  governmentwide deficit
reductions.  The decrease in Abatement,  Control, and  Compliance primarily reflects
discontinuation of a special  grant program for improved enforcement..

Program Descri pti on

     Water Qua!ity Enforcement—  The  National   Pollutant  Discharge  Elimination
Systei {NPT)ES) 'Eh forcement Program (including pretreatment)  assures the compliance
of municipal  and industrial  permittees with NPDES requirements through a program of
monitoring and  inspections,  administrative enforcement,  and technical  support of
judicial enforcement actions.  Major activities  include 1) inspection of permittees
("permittee" includes industrial users of publicly-owned treatment works),  2) review
of permittee monitoring data, 3) maintenance  of  a national data system, 4) identi-
fication and evaluation  for  appropriate follow-up of  permittees  in noncompliance,
and 5)  initiation  of  informal  and  formal enforcement actions to ensure compliance.
Where -informal negotiations and administrative enforcement actions do not  result in
compliance, cases  are  referred  for   judicial  action   and  appropriate  technical
support is provided.

     In addition to  the NPDES  portion of  the Water Ouality  Enforcement Program,
administrative and technical  support is provided for the issuance  of administrative
enforcement actions against violations of the  Spill Prevention Control and Counter-
measure Plan  requirements.   Referrals are made  to the  U.S.  Coast  Guard  for civil
penalty assessment for oil and hazardous  substance spill violations (Section 311(b)
(6)(A)) in waters  where EPA has jurisdiction,  and inspection  support is provided
for enforcement against illegal dredge and fill  activities (Section 404).


WATER QUALITY ENFORCEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a total  of $18,056,500  supported by 408.3 total workyears
for this program,  of which $15,999,500 will be for the  Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,057,000 will be  for the Abatement, Control and Compliance  appropri-
ation.  This represents an increase of $85,100 and a  decrease of $3,739,600, respec-
tively, and a  decrease  of 8.0 total workyears.  The decrease in workyears reflects
the shift  from data entry to data updating and  system maintenance  for the Permit
Compliance System  (PCS).  The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects adjustments
to the  1986  base  as  part of  governmentwide  deficit reductions.   The decrease in
Abatement, Control and  Compliance reflects completion  of  special  grants to States
for improved enforcement.

     In 1987,  EPA  will  focus on  control of  toxic  discharges  to  surface waters by
giving priority to implementation  of  the National Municipal Policy (NMP), overview
and implementation  of  the  pretreatment  program,  and   compliance assessment  and
enforcement of  Rest Available  Technology  (BAT)  and  water  quality  based permits.

     By the  end of 1986, all  major municipalities in  nondelegated  States needing
construction to  meet  the July 1,  1988  statutory compliance deadline  should be on
enforceable schedules.  Therefore, under  the  National Municipal Policy  in  1987, EPA
                                           WQ-62

-------
will focus on assuring that permittees placed on enforceable  schedules  comply  with
those schedules.  EPA will address all of the major  permittees that  fail  to  comply
with established schedules in nondelegated States through administrative orders and
referrals to the Department  of Justice.   All major  municipalities  in  nondelegated
States that have completed construction and have operations and maintenance problems
which result in noncompllance  will  also  be addressed.   A  second  objective  related
to implementation of the  NMP  is  establishing schedules  for the approximately 1,100
minor permittees in nondelegated  States  needing  construction to meet the deadline.
About 20%  of this  universe  will  be placed  on  enforceable  schedules  in  1987.

     By the end  of  1986,  all publicly owned treatment  works (POTWs)  needing  pre-
treatment programs  should have  approved  programs  in  place.  The  Water  Quality
Enforcement Program will  turn to:  1) oversight  of delegated  State programs;  2)
assuring that local  control authorities comply with the provisions of their approved
programs; and 3) assuring  the compliance of industrial users, especially where there
is no local control  authority or approved State.   EPA will  assess the compliance of
local control authorities  through the conduct  of  pretreatment inspections and the
review of annual reports  submitted  by these  authorities.  Pretreatment inspections
will be conducted and annual  reports  will  be reviewed in most of the approved pro-
grams in nondelegated States.  In nondelegated  States, EPA will  address most  of the
anticipated, noncompliance  by local control authorities  which fail to implement the
approved program.   Parallel  enforcement  actions will  be taken against  industrial
users (Ills) in some of these noncomplying local  control  authorities.

     Where there is no local  control  authority or  approved State, EPA is  responsi-
ble for assuring  that IUs comply with categorical  standards.   The  Water  Quality
Enforcement Program will  continue to identify these industrial users and to inspect
where the  most  serious   compliance  problems  are  suspected.   Formal  enforcement
actions will be brought against  industrial users when noncompl iance is identified.

     In 1987, the  upgrading  and  expansion  of the Permit Compliance  System (PCS)
will continue.  PCS will  be  used  for  such activities as evaluating the consistency
of permit  conditions  and enforcement actions  nationwide.   Using  PCS,  EPA  will
initiate the automated generation of accountability system reports.

     Regions will  maintain  an  inspection  program  for municipal  and  industrial
permittees to verify compliance  with  their NPDES  permit requirements.  A total  of
2,243 inspections will  be conducted.  Regions  will   also  continue to  emphasize  a
"timely and appropriate" enforcement response in  all  cases  of significant noncompli-
ance by issuing 50  Notices of Violation  and 877 Administrative  Orders.  Technical
support will  be  provided   for  approximately  80 NPDES  cases initiated  in previous
years.  New enforcement efforts against industrial sources  will  focus on those in-
dustries required to  install  Best Available Technology.   Non-NPDES administrative
enforcement activities will  include  Section 404 inspections,  support  for oil and
hazardous materials  spill penalty  assessment,  and  spill  prevention control  and
counter-measure (SPCC) inspections and enforcement support.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total  of $21,711,000 supported  by 416.3
total workyears for this   program,  of which $15,914,400  is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $5,796,600 is  from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.

     The Water Quality Enforcement Program is  continuing to emphasize: maintenance
of high levels of compliance by all  permittees, with special attention on municipal
permittees; an  effective   compliance  monitoring  and  inspection  program  to  verify
levels of  compliance;  initiation and  maintenance  of  a  pretreatment  compliance
monitoring and  enforcement  program;  and the  expansion of the  Permit  Compliance
System to provide for report preparation  and tracking.
                                       WQ-63

-------
     Implementation of the  National  Municipal  Policy  (NMP)  remains the  program's
highest priority.  This policy  requires  that all  municipalities  that  are in  non-
compliance because of needed construction or because of  poor  operation  and mainte-
nance of sewage  treatment  plants  be  put  on enforceable  schedules that  will  assure
compliance, where possible, by the July  1, 1988  statutory  compliance deadline.   In
1986,'the  Agency is establishing  enforceable  schedules  for all  municipalities  in
nondelegated States which  need  construction to  comply through  the issuance of  an
Administrative Order or the initiation of a referral  for  civil  judicial  action, and
will enforce failure to comply with these  schedules.  All of the major municipalities
in nondelegated  States needing  corrective action because of operation  and mainte-
nance problems which are identified  in 1985  and  1986 are also  being addressed.   In
those cases where  NPDES States  do not establish enforceable schedules  for munici-
palities needing  them,  EPA  is  initiating  action  to  establish  or enforce these
schedules.

     The central focus of  the pretreatment program  has  been the  effort to  establish
approved programs  at the  1,450  POTWs  required to  have them.   In 1985,  a  National
Enforcement Initiative for  POTW pretreatment program  submissions  resulted  in the
filing of eight  cases with the  Department of Justice.  The Agency is continuing  to
take judicial action against POTWs with  unapproved programs  and is also initiating
judicial action  against a  number  of  industries which have  failed  to install  neces*
sary treatment to  meet categorical  standards.  Implementation  of a pretreatment
compliance monitoring program,  which  includes the conduct  of  a  small number  of
inspections and the review of annual  reports, is  1n the initial  stages.

     In conjunction with Headquarters, the Regions  have improved and expanded their
compliance enforcement data management capabilities through the use of  an expanded
and enhanced Permit Compliance  System (PCS).  By  the  end  of 1986  all  EPA Regions
will convert to the  Data  Base  Management  System (DBMS).   Conversion to   a  DBMS
system allows preparation  of Quarterly Noncompliance Reports (QNCRs) through  PCS,
as well as reporting for accountability  systems  such as  the  Strategic Planning and
Management System.

     Regions are  continuing  to emphasize a "timely  and appropriate"  enforcement
response in  all  cases  of  significant  noncompliance.  Industrial  enforcement  also
continues to address largely routine  violations, but special attention  is focused  on
industrial facilities that are required to install  Best Available Technology  (BAT).
More resource intensive inspections  of  these  facilities are  necessary,  and  some
referral actions are anticipated.  Non-NPDES administrative  enforcement activities
include Section  404  inspections,   support for oil  and  hazardous materials spill
penalty assessment, and spill  prevention control  and countemeasure (SPCC)  insec-
tions and enforcement support.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985 the Agency obligated a total of $15,970,800, supported by  385.2 total
workyears, of which $14,690,200 was  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation
and $1,280,600  was  from   the   Abatement,  Control   and  Compliance appropriation.

     During 1985,  implementation of the National  Municipal  Policy was the program's
highest priority.  Approximately, 40%  of  major municipalities needing construction
to comply with the 1988 compliance deadline were placed on  enforceable construction
schedules.  Enforceable construction  schedules  were also  established for 2Q%  of the
minor municipal   facilities needing  schedules.   Pretreatment activity  focused  on
enforcement of the requirement that  designated  municipalities develop approvable
local pretreatment programs and that industrial users comply  with categorical  pre-
treatment standards.  The Agency  reviewed,and  referred  formal  enforcement  actions
against 24 municipalities  who failed  to develop  approvable  pretreatment programs
and 26 industrial users who failed to comply with categorical  standards.
                                       wg-64

-------
     Contract resources were  used to support and  maintain  a national data  system
(Permit Compliance System) which tracks the performance of all  major permittees, to
provide technical support for judicial  enforcement actions,  and  to conduct inspec-
tions of municipal  and industrial  permittees.   Contract funds  were also used  to
train Regional  and  State  personnel  in  monitoring  and  inspection  techniques.

     In 1985, 8% of major  municipal  permittees on  final  effluent limits ware  in
significant noncompliance. 5% of  industrial and  other  nonmunicipal  permittees  were
in significant noncompliance.   Both  of  these  rates decreased from 1984 and reflect
the emphasis given to timely and  appropriate  enforcement action  against  facilities
in significant noncompliance.

     Regional Offices conducted 2,080 compliance inspections, issued  24  Notices  of
Violations and 1,028 Administrative  Orders,   In  States  without approved  NPDES pro-
grams EPA reviewed  major  dischargers'  self-monitoring reports.   Technical  support
was provided for the development of 118  civil  cases which were referred to Headquar-
ters for review.

    Enforcement of  Section   311  oil  and  hazardous  substance  spill  requirements
included 144 referrals to the U.S Coast Guard for assessment of civil penalties and
161 administrative actions for violations  of  Spill Prevention and Control  Counter-
measure plan requirements.  Enforcement of Section 404 provisions focused  on iden-
tifying illegal   discharges  of dredge and  fill   material.  Thirteen  administrative
actions were taken.
                                       WQ-65

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        MATER QUALITY



Water Quality Permit Issuance


PROGRAM
Permit Issuance
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Water Duality Permit TOTAL
Issuance
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Permit Issuance
TOTAL PERFIANENT WGRKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Permit Issuance
TOTAL V'QRKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985


$12,105.4
$3,790.3
$15,895.7
$12,105.4
$3,790.3
$15,895.7

287.0
287.0

315.0
315.0
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

$12,866.5
$6,069.?
$18,934.7
$12,865.5
$6,069.2
$18,934.7

299.9
299.9

334.0
334.0
ENACTEn BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
*
$12,138.3 -$522.0
$4,329.1 -$186.2
$16,467.4 -$708.2
$12,138.3 -$522.0
$4,329.1 -$186.2
$16,467.4 -$708.2

279.7
279.7

307.7
307.7
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


$11,616.3
$4,142.9
$15,759.2
$11,616.3
$4,142.9
$15,759.2

279.7
279.7

307.7
307.7
ESTIMATE
1987


$11,533.4
$3,778.7
$15,312.1
$11,533.4
$3,778.7
$15,312.1

279.7
279.7

295.7
295.7
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


-$82.9
-$364.2
-$447.1
-$82.9
-$364.2
-$447.1




-12.0
-12.0

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                                 WATER QUALITY


                           Water Quality Permit Issuance
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $15,312,100 supported  by 295.7 total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease  of $447,100 and a decrease  of 12.0 total workyears.   Of the
total  request, $11,533,400 will be  for the  Salaries and Expenses  appropriation and
$3,778,700 will  be for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance   appropriation,  a
decrease of $82,900 and $364,200, respectively.

Prog ram Oe s cr i pt ion

     Pe irmi t I s s uan ce^ - - The  Clean  Water Act  authorizes a  National  Pollutant Dis-
     ^
                    ^
                    System  (NPOES)  permit  program  to  reduce  or eliminate  point
source pollution.  The discharge of pollutants into waters  of  the United  States  by
point sources is prohibited unless in compliance with an NPDES permit.  At present,
36 States and one Territory have approved NPOES programs.  EPA issues NPDES permits
in the remaining jurisdictions.

     Currently, the NPDES program is focusing on control of toxic pollutants through
technology-based and water quality-based limits in NPDES permits, implementation of
the pretreatroent program  for  indirect  discharges  to  publicly  owned treatment  works
(POTWs) and  approval  and oversight  of local' and  State pretreatment  programs  (22
States are approved to implement pretreatment programs).

     The NPBES  program  also  allows  permittees  and  interested parties to  request
evidentiary hearings  on  permits and  variances  from certain  effluent limitations,


PERMIT ISSUANCE
1987 Prog ram Reguest

     The Agency requests a total of $15,312,100  supported  by 295.7 total  workyears
for this  program,   of  which  $11,533,400 will  be  for the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and  $3,778,700  will   be  for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
appropriation. This  represents  a decrease  of $82,900 and  $364,200, respectively,
and a  decrease  of  12,0  total  workyears.   This  decrease  is  due  primarily  to  the
substantial completion of the PQTW pretreatment program approval effort.

     During 1987,  efforts  will  continue  on issuing permits  expiring in  1987  and
modifying permits, with  priority given to toxic pollutant  controls  based  on water
quality considerations.  Municipal  permits will  be modified to  incorporate final
section 301(h) waiver  decisions, pretreatment program  implementation requirements,
and toxic limits.  During 1987, EPA will issue 244 major industrial permits and 172
major municipal permits.  Continued  emphasis  will  ,be  placed  on  issuing  permits to
environmentally significant  minor   and unpermitted  dischargers,  especially  those
with toxic discharges  or otherwise  adversely affecting  water  quality.   Continued
emphasis will he given to  issuing  new  source  permits and general permits,  particu-
larly outer continental shelf general permits.

     In 1987, EPA  will continue to review  and evaluate  requests for fundamentally
different factor,  water quality,  economic and  thermal  discharge  variances,  and
request for  extensions  of  Best Available Technology  (BAT) compliance  deadlines
where innovative pollution control  technologies are to be demonstrated.

     Efforts will  continue on  assisting  in  the development  of new State NPOES pro-
grams and necessary modifications to approved NPOES States.  EPA will assist NPDES
                                          WQ-67

-------
States in Issuing major permits and Increased emphasis will  be  placed  on  assisting
NPDES States In eliminating their minor permit backlog, primarily through  technical-
assistance and training.

     During 1987, the quality assurance program for NPDES permits will  continue  to
be a priority.   Activities  include review  of selected permits, mid-year  Regional
and State program evaluations, review of Memoranda of  Understanding  between EPA and
NPDES States, review and assistance in correcting legally deficient  State  programs,
and evaluations of approved POTW and State pretreatment programs.

     During 1987, emphasis will be  placed on correcting and adjusting approved  local
and State pretreatment programs to address  inconsistencies with national  pretreat-
ment requirements and  to  include  new requirements (e.g., local limits to prevent
passthrough and  interference).   EPA  will   provide  assistance to State and  local
authorities in applying  complex national  regulations such  as  the  combined  waste
stream formula and certain mass-based categorical  standards.  EPA will  review POTW
applications for removal  credits and  make industrial  user category  determinations.
EPA will overview  approved POTW programs by  use of  on-site audits to ensure the
adequacy of  local  limits  and  proper  incorporation of categorical  standards.   In
addition, EPA will carry  out  its  responsibilities for direct implementation in the
absence of  State  or  local  control   authorities.   The  pretreatment regulation
revisions will continue.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating  a total  of  $15,759,200  supported   by  307.7
total workyears  for  this.program,  of which $11,616,300  is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,142,900 is from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

     In 1986, priority  is being given  to  issuing  major  industrial and  municipal
permits, particularly in  water use-impaired  areas and  where BAT  guidelines  have
been promulgated, in order  to continue  reductions in the discharge of pollutants,
particularly toxics.  Permits with  reopener clauses are  being modified to incorpo-
rate revisions to discharge limitations or  other  permit conditions.   Increased em-
phasis is  being  given  to issuing minor  permits  that impact water quality  uses,
particularly those with toxic discharges.   During 1986,  EPA is expected  to  issue
193 major industrial  permits, 204 major  municipal  permits  and  626 minor  permits.

     In 1986, EPA  is  continuing  to  address  evidentiary hearing  requests and  is
acting on approximately 55 variance requests.

     During 1986. two States are expected to receive full  NPDES authority  and  seven
States are expected  to  receive approval  for  pretreatment and/or federal   facility
authority.  EPA  is  continuing  to  assist  NPDES  States  in  reducing  their permit
backlogs and reviewing the  quality of selected  NPDES State  permits and State reg-
ulations to assure consistency with Federal  requirements.

     EPA is  reviewing   and  approving  the  remaining   local   pretreatment  programs
required by federal  regulation.  EPA  is  reviewing removal  credit applications from
POTWs, baseline monitoring  reports  from  indirect  industries  and annual reports  on
pretreatment program status from POTWs.   The  overview of approved  programs by use
of on-site audits is continuing.   EPA is expecting to conduct  136  audits. A pre-
treatment regulatory package  1s being promulgated  reflecting final  definitions and
proposed changes implementing Pretreatment  Implementation Review Task  Force (PIRT)
recommendations.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated $15,895,700 supported  by  315.0 total workyears,
of which $12,105,400 was from  the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $3,790,300
was from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.  The  contract re-


                                        WQ-68

-------
sources In 1985 were directed at assistance to POTWs and States in implementing the
approved programs and  assistance for  NPDES  State permit  issuance  and  evidentiary
hearing support,

     EPA Issued a total of 488 major and 1061 minor permits.  Of these 1,549 permits,
860 were industrial  (210 majors) and 689 were municipal (278 majors).

     In 1985, one previously approved  NPDES  State  received pretreatment authoriza-
tion.

     During 1985, EPA continued to assist POTWs in the development of local  pretreat-
ment programs.   EPA  approved 202  POTW pretreatment programs  (pretreatment  States
approved 331).   EPA  performed one  State  pretreatment  program  audit and  59  local
pretreatment program audits.  The pretreatment regulation package for reinstatement
of FDF's for indirect dischargers was promulgated  in 1985.
                                        WQ-69

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Drinking Water
      SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
DRINKING WATER                                                              DW-1

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Drinking Water Research	DW-9
          Scientif ic Assessment	,	 DW-14
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	 DW-15
          Health Effects........	 DW-16
          Environmental Engineering and Technology..	DW-17
          Environmental Processes and Effects......	 DW-18
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines...	DW-21
          Criteria, Standards & Guidelines.	 DW-23
       Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance........	DW-26
          Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants	 DW-27
          Underground Injection Control Program Grants.............	DW-28
          Special Studies & Demonstrations............	 DW-30
          Trai ni ng	DW-30
       Drinking Water Management	 DU-31
          Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance	 DW-33
          Underground Injection Control Program	DW-35
       Ground-Water Protect!on	 DW-37
    ENFORCEMENT
          Drinking Water Enforcement	 DW-42
                                   DW-1

-------
                                                            DRINKING WATER

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATE
Salaries & F.xpenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Drinking Water
$26,649.6
$44,431.3
$14,164.0
$85,244.9
$29,246.3
$44,653.2
$14,226.3
$88,125.8
$28,924.5
$47,263,2
$15,042.7
$91,230.4
-$1,243.8
-$2,032.4
-$647.0
-$3,923.2
$27,680.7
$4 5, 230, 8
$14,395.7
$87,307.2
$28,378.5
$42,863.0
$12,885.0
$84,126.5
$697.8
-$2,367.8
-$1,510.7
-$3,180.7
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
    543.4       584.5        595.8                     595.8       587.8        -8.0
    604.3       642.3        639.8                     639.8       639.8
$86,081.7   $98,286.3    $87,423.1    -$2,356.7     $85,066.4   $83,434.7   -$1,631.7
 Authorization for the Safe Drinking Water Act expired  September 30,  1982.
 Reauthorization is pending.

-------
                                   DRINKING WATER


OVERVIEW & STRATEGY


     The Safe Drinking  Water  Act (SDWA)  requires  EPA  to ensure that the  Nation's
drinking water supplies  are  free of contamination  which may pose a public  health
risk.  The Act  also mandates a  national  Underground Injection Control  (UIC)  pro-
gram to  protect  underground  sources  of  drinking  water.   In  addition,  the  1984
Ground-Water Protection  Strategy provides  EPA with a framework for the  protection
and clean-up of the Nation's ground water resources.

     EPA is  required  to  set  national  drinking  water  standards  for  public water
systems and minimum requirements for the Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS)  and
UIC programs.  The  States  retain the lead role of  administering and enforcing  re-
gulatory provisions established  by EPA  for the  PWS and UIC  programs.   EPA  will
directly implement  a  program  and enforce  regulations  only when  a  State  fails to
assume primary enforcement  responsibility or enforce  regulations effectively.   In
assuming primacy, the  State may establish more stringent and  comprehensive  stand-
ards and  requirements.  The  SDWA  also  provides  Federal  financial  and  technical
assistance to States to help them carry  out their responsibilities.

     The Agency's strategy to promote State primacy as  the first step in  implement-
ing the PWS  program has  succeeded  with  virtually nationwide delegation.   In 1987,
54 States will have assumed  primary  enforcement authority for  the PWS supervision
program, which will lead to marked progress  in  PWS compliance.  EPA is  trying to
build a similar  record  of  successful delegation  for the emerging UIC program: at
the beginning of 1987  we expect 41  States will have primacy over all or part  of the
UIC requirements. The  Agency  has recently  completed nationwide implementation  of
UIC programs through a combination  of primacy delegations and direct implementation
regulations.

   •  The 1987 Drinking  Water  request focuses  on  several major objectives to  meet
the requirements of the  SDWA:  (1)  revise current health  protection standards;  (2)
implement and enforce  UIC; (3) improve  PWS compliance;  (4) address emerging contam-
ination problems; (4)  pursue ground water protection; and (6) continue  research and
development.

Revise Current Health  Protection Standards

     Since 1977, EPA and the States  have been supervising the safety of  public water
supplies through Interim National  Primary  Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR)  for
drinking water contaminants which have traditionally been of concern.  The SDWA  man-
dates Revised NPDWRs  to stand  as  comprehensive protection against drinking water
health risks posed by  natural  or synthetic contaminants.  Revisions will incorporate
accumulated scientific health  research and innovations in  treatment technology.   The
Revisions will  also present  an opportunity  to  reduce  unnecessary administrative
burdens based on the experience EPA and  the States have acquired with interim regu-
lations.

     Revised NPDWRs may  take the form of numeric  Maximum Contaminant Levels  (MCLs)
or treatment requirements.  In  either case, a separate "Recommended MCL" (RMCL)  is
first established for  every  contaminant to  be regulated.  RMCLs are health goals
which are set  at a level  where "no  known or  anticipated  adverse  effects  on  the
health of persons occur and which allows an adequate margin of safety."

     Since the SDWA requires  primary regulations  for  "contaminants which ...  may
have any adverse effect  on the health  of persons,"  a  large  number of  contaminants
must be  evaluated   and  the task  of evaluating  risks and  developing contaminant
standards must be carried out in phases.  Phase I addresses.volatile organic  chemi-
cals (VOCs)  frequently encountered  within  ground  water  source systems.   Phase  II
pertains to 42  contaminants  (pesticides, synthetic  organic  chemicals, inorganics,
and microbiological contaminants).   Phase  III addresses  radionuclides,  including
                                       rw-3

-------
both naturally occurring (radium, radon, uranium) and man-made contaminants.  Phase
IV encompasses disinfection and  disinfection  by-products along with the  review of
the trihalomethane MCL.  As Phases  I-IV are completed  in  1987 and beyond, the 22
existing .interim  standards  will  be supplanted with  approximately  60  standards, as
well as treatment technology  requirements aimed  at  control of waterborne disease
outbreaks.  Nonetheless, the Agency continues to  look  at several  more  contaminants
while data  is  being collected on  their occurrence, health  effects,  and  treatment
and/or measurement in drinking water.

     Complementing enforceable regulations  are  health  advisories,  which  serve as
guidance relating to the toxicology  of unregulated  contaminants.   In  1987, health
advisories and a health advisory registry will  be developed to disseminate informa-
tion on toxic substances to an increasing number  of clients beyond traditional drink-
ing water agencies.   Such  preliminary  benchmarks can  be  on hand far  sooner than
formal primary standards and  can be made available  to  State and  local  authorities
in the  event contamination is  detected.   Other advisories will  be developed to
support the unregulated contaminant surveillance  program and the National Pesticides
Survey.  The health  advisories  and  MCLs  will   also be used  to  support  Resource
Conservation and  Recovery  Act (RCRA)  waste banning decisions, Superfund  clean-up
activities,  and control actions for agricultural chemicals.

Iinp1_e)ment..and._EnJ^orcfi^ii|yLn
-------
     Pesticides contamination  incidents,  are an  important  and  emerging  problem
across the nation.   There  are hundreds of  constituent  pesticide chemicals in use
that may hav.e the potential for migrating  into surface and  ground water; the public
health threat of these pesticide contaminants is uncertain.  With more comprehensive
and reliable  occurrence  data, EPA  should be  able  to evaluate  the  need  for new
regulatory action based on  solid  evidence of the  magnitude  of  exposure.  Together,
the Office of  Drinking Water  and  Office  of  Pesticides Programs  are conducting a
nationwide survey of pesticide contamination of ground water supplies to character-
ize the occurrence  of selected pesticides  in drinking water  derived from ground
water, determine the relationship between ground-water contamination  and the  char-
acteristics of pesticide usage and the  hydrogeologic environment, and estimate  human
exposure to these  chemicals.   By  1987,  sampling and analysis for  as many  as 50
active ingredients and  numerous transformation products  will   be fully underway:
ultimately, samples from 1500 locations will  be analyzed.

Pursue Ground waterProtection

     The Agency's principal objectives are articulated in the  Ground-Water Protec-
tion Strategy issued in 1984.  First, the  most effective  and broadly acceptable way
to increase the national  capability to protect ground water is to strengthen  State
programs.   EPA  will  encourage  States  to  make  use  of existing  grant programs to
develop ground-water protection strategies  and programs,  and  work  with  States to
develop institutional capabilities.

     A second objective is to address the  problems from  local contamination sources
that in aggregate are of particular national  concern,  for  example, pesticides, sep-
tic tanks, highway de-icing, and roadcoatings.  EPA is evaluating the threats from
these sources and taking appropriate  steps  under  existing  legislative authorities.
Third, a fundamental  part of the Strategy  is a policy  to  set priorities for ground-
water protection  according to  use and  relative  vulnerability  to   contamination,
based on three  classes  of ground  water.   The Agency  will   implement  guidelines to
define ground  water  for  use  in  making protection and  cleanup  decisions in EPA
programs.   Fourth, EPA will  use existing  data systems to  develop  the ability to
synthesize other  systems  and  to  shape and  analyze  ground water-related  systems.
Another major area of activity  is the development of a  public information program to
inform the public on ground water issues and EPA protection initiatives.

Continue Research and Development

     EPA's drinking  water research  program  provides  support  to  States  and the
drinking water  regulatory  program in  implementing the  SDWA in  the  areas  of con-
taminant occurrence  and  health effects,  analytical methodology,  quality assurance
technologies, control technology and  related costs,  and the protection of ground-
water resources.

     The research program will  continue to  support the Office  of Drinking  Water in
its effort to develop maximum contaminant  levels and  health advisories for  specific
chemicals  found  in  drinking  water.   This effort  will  be  directed  at developing
toxicological data to  support  development  of RMCLs  and  filling in  toxicological
data gaps  for existing chemicals.  Microbiological research will  continue to evalu^
ate methods  for isolating, identifying and  characterizing the  health  effects of
pathogens.  Epidemiological studies  will  be  conducted  relating to  drinking  water
quality and cardiovascular disease and an  epidemiological study will  be conducted on
the relationship between radon in drinking water and lung  cancer.

     This  program will  evaluate processes  for removal  of VOCs,  pesticides and radio-
nuclides for use in regulation development and implementation.   Disinfectant effec-
tiveness and  factors  contributing to  micrbbial deterioration  of water quality in
distribution systems will be evaluated.

     The research program will continue to focus on methods development for ground-
water investigations and studies of subsurface transport  and fate processes such as
sorption,  biological  transformation, redox.  hydrolysis,  and ion exchange.   Research
will include  looking  at  identification and  assessment  technologies  for improving
                                        DW-5

-------
injection well practices, assessing  fluid movement from injection wells and develop-
ing laser-induced fluorescence for  monitoring  ground water by  fiber  opticst   This
work is  coordinated  with  research  in Hazardous  Waste  which  provides models  and
field evaluation.   Research  to  determine  the feasibility  and  effectiveness  of
in situ aquifer restoration techniques will  continue.

     Field evaluations of  movement  and transformation  of wastes  from  underground
injection wells  will  continue.  Continued  support  for  UIC  research will  provide
more confidence in our ability to  evaluate the risk posed by this method  of  waste
disposal.  A pilot program will be  initiated to charge to public and private  users
for certain quality assurance services provided by EPA.
                                        DW-6

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                                   DRINKING WATER


                                         Budget    Current              Increase  (+}
                                Actual   Estimate  Estimate   Estimate   Decrease  (-)
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES               1985     1986      1986    1987       1987  vs. 1986

Incremental Outputs
UIC Permit Determinations:
- for existing and new
facilities, by primacy
States 	 	 	 	 	
- for existing and new
facilities, by EPA 	
Enforcement Actions - PWS:
I nspecti ons 	 	
Notices of Violations......





11 11
180 150

424 650

N/A
N/A
3 3/
6 15~
0 0


2/
6,541

660




10
0


y
6,501

624




10
0



-40

-36




0
0
Enforcement Actions - UIC:
Notices of Violations 	

Civil Litigation (new).....
N/A
N/A
2
0


0
0


5
0


5
0


0
0
Cumulative Outputs;

 PWS Primacy States	       53      53          54       54            0
 UIC Primacy States (full and
  partial programs)	       38      42          38       41           +3
 Designated Sole Source
  Aquifers	       21      27          24       27           +3
 Percent of Community Water
  System (CMS) in Compliance
  with Microbiological MCL,.       90.4%   93.5%       91.4%    92.8%        +1.4%
 Percent of CWSs in Compli-
  ance with Microbiological
  Monitoring/Reporting (M/R)
  Requirements	,	       77.1%   86.5%       79.4%    81.8%        +2.4%
 Percent of CWSs in Compli-
  ance with Turbidity MCL...       96.9%   97%         97.3%    97.6%        +0.3%
 Percent of CWSs in Compli-
  ance with Turbidity M/R
  Requirements	       91.5%   93%         92.3%    92.8%        +0.5%

I/ Includes existing Class I and III wells.

21 Includes existing and new Class I, III, V, and new Class II wells.

3/ 1986 budget estimate of 41 includes 15 new and 26 ongoing civil litigations.
                                        DW-7

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

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Page' Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents

                                                                            Cage
DRINKING WATER

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Drinking Water Research	 DW-9
          Scientific Assessment	 DW-14
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	 DW-15
          Health Effects			 DW-16
          Environmental  Engineering and Technology..	 DW-17
          Environmental  Processes and Effects...	*....	 DW-18
                                     DW-8

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                                                 DRINKING WATER

                                             Drinking Water Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
EST IRATE
19H7
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 ,VS 1986
 PROGRAM
                                             (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
 Scientific  Assessment -
 Drinking  Hater
   Salaries  * Expenses
   Research  A Development
                         TOTAL
 Monitoring Systems A
 Quality /"SSHranee -
.Drinking Mater
   Salaries & Expenses
   Research A Development
                         TOTAL
 Healtl- Effects -
 Drinking Mater
   Salaries  A Expenses
   Research  A Development
                         TOTAL
 Environmental
 Engineering  A
 Technology - Drinking
 Water
   Salaries A ^xpenses
   Research A Development
                         TOTAL
$350.7
$74.6
$425.3
$1,538.1
$1,165.4
$2,703.5
$3,121.3
$5,894.0
$9,015.3
$2,756.7
$s]858.*4
$423.6
$75.0
$498.6
$1,610,3
$1,487.9
$3,098.2
$3,410.6
$6,525.9
$9,936.5
$3,021,4
$5* 190." 7
$423.6
$68.8
$492.4
$1,596.8
$1,357.5
$2,954.3
$3,407.5
$6,306,5
$9,714.0
$3,239.1
te',?M'.R
 -$18.1
  -$3.0
 -$?ia
 -$68S6
 -$58.4
-$127.0
-$146.4
-$271.2
-$417.6
-$139a4
•$127.4
-S266.8
  $405.5
   $65.8
  $471.3
$1,528.2
$1,299.1
$2,827.3
$3,261.1
$6,035.3
$9,296.4
  $349.2
  $248.0
  $597.2
$1,596.8
$1,217.0
$2,813.8
$3,372.7
$6,395.0
$9,767.7
$3,099,7   .$?,973.8
$2,835.3   $1,343.0
$5,935.0   $4,316.8
                                    -$56.3
                                    $182.2
                                    $125.9
                                     $68.6
                                    -$82.1
                                    -$13.5
                                    $111.6
                                    $359.7
                                    $471.3
                                   -$125.9
                                 -$1,492.3
                                 -$1,618.2

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                                                DRINKING HATER

                                            Drinking Hater Research



ACTUAL
1985
Environmental Processes
X Effects - Drinking
Water
Salaries
Research
TOTAL:
Salaries
Research

ft
&

*
&

Expenses
Development
TOTAL

Expenses ,.
Revel opment

$1,395.3
$3, 928.3
$5,323.6

$9,182.1
$14,164.0
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
IQftfi
(DOLLARS

$1,515.3
$3,968,2
$5,483.5

$9,981.2
'$14,226.3
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BlIORET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)

$1,527.
$4,347.
$5,874.

$10,194.
.il5,042.

6
2
8

6
7

-$65.7
-$187.0
-$252.7

-$438.2
-$647.0

$1, 461.9
$4,160,2
$5,622.1

$9,756.4
$14,395.7

$1,320.6
$3,682.0
$5,002.6

$9,613.1
$12,885.0

-$141.
-$478.
-$619.

-$143.
-$1,510.

3
2
5

3
7
Drinking Cater
Research "
TOTAL  $23,32fi.l   $24,207,5  $25,237.3   -$1,085.2   $24,152.1  $22,498.1   -$1,654.0
PERHAHENT HORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Drinking Water

Monitoring Systems &
Duality Assurance -
Drinking Water

Health Effects -
Drinking Water

Environmental
Engineering ^
Technology - Drinking
Water
7.2
27. R
50.5
51.3
8.0
27.1
fi?.5
48.1
7.0
27.1
68.5
55.3
7.0
27.1
68. R
55.3
7.0
27.1
60.5
55.3
                                                                                  -8.0

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Quality Assurance -
Drinking Mater

Health Effects -
Drinking Hater

Environmental
Engineering *
Technology - Drinking
Water

Environmental Processes
& Effects - Drinking
Water
                                                DRINKING WATER

                                            Drinking Water Research

Environnental Processes
& Effects - Drinking
Mater
TOTAL PERMANENT WflRKYFARS
TOTAL WDPKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Drinking Hater
Monitoring Systems 8
ACTUAL
1985
26.0
162.5
9.1
28.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
22.3
1.68.0
9.0
30.1
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
22.3
180.2
9.0
29.8
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
22.3
180.2
96fl
29.8
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
22.3
172.2 -8.0
9.0 i
29.8
58.6
57.0
28.7
69.5
59,3
24.5
B8.5
58.4
24.3
68.5


58.4




24.3
68.5


58.4




24.3
TOTAL WORKYF'ARS
                                   181.9      192.4       190.0
                                             190.0       190.0

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                                   DRINKING WATER


                              Drinking Water Research


                           Principal Outputsby Objective


1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1:  Develop Drinking Water StandardsBasedon Health Effects Through  Risk
Assessment Studies'        '                     '•       '     '"         ~

o  Develop health advisories and criteria documents (Sci. Assessment)
o  Report on the carcinogenic and target  organ tpxicity  of major  chemical  contami-
   nants in drinking water (Health)
o  Report on the cardiovascular disease risk factors  in  populations  supplied  with
   chlorinated and   non-chlorinated drinking  water  of  varying  hardness  (Health)
o  Determination of virulence and growth conditions of Legionella  (Health)

Objective 2:   Provide  Engineering  Technologies and[Monitoring  Data for  Drinking
Water Standards!!•

o  Testing  and  validation  of  radionuclide procedures  for thorium,  polonium  210,
   lead 210 and plutonium (Monitoring)
o  Report on  radiation methods validation  and  on the intercomparison program  for
   radiation quality assurance (Monitoring)
o  Report on laboratory certification for 10 regions (Monitoring)
o  Report on control of lead solder corrosion (Engineering)
o  Report on  the  costs  of  selected  water  supply  systems  - compliance  vs.  non-
   compliance (Engineering)
o  State-of-the-art  report on  removal  of  organic  materials  from drinking water
   (Engineering)

Objective 3:  Provide  Scientific  Methods and  Data for  Protection of Ground-water
Resources

o  Airborne and ground-based environmental monitoring to detect brine contamination
   from injection wells.  (Monitoring)
o  Report on sources of variability affecting ground-water monitoring data
   (Monitoring)
o  Training course  presentation materials on conducting ground-water investigations
   (Env. Processes)
o  Report on cement bonding of injection wells (Env. Processes)
o  State-of-the-art report on  interaction  of injected fluids with geologic materials
   (Env. Processes)


1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1;  Develop DrinkingWater StandardsBasedon Health Effects Through Risk
Assessment StudieT''''~~

o  Criteria documents for drinking water disinfectants and disinfection by-products
   (Sci. Assessment)
o  Drinking  water  criteria  documents  and   health  advisories  (Sci.  Assessment)
o  Report on the occurrence and  significance  of viruses  in drinking  water (Health)
o  Report  on  the  clinical  study  of  the health  effects -of  ingesting  chlorinated
   drinking water (Health)
                                       rw-12

-------
o  Report on  the  toxicological  effects of three  (xylene,  dichloropropane,  chloro-
   acetic add) drinking water contaminants (Health)

Qb jecti ve,, 2-,  Provi de  Engi neeri ng  Techno 1 ogi es and  Mom' tori ng Data for  Dri nk i ng
Water' Sta indlrdsf    -          '

o  Report on  national  inorganic  radionuclide  survey providing  radiochemical  and
   inorganic analytical  data for drinking water (Monitoring)
o  Report  on  the  presence-absence  test  in  small  water  systems  (Monitoring)
o  Report on pathogen inactivation (Engineering)
o  Report on removal  of pesticides from drinking water (Engineering)
o  Report on  methods  for  removal   of radium  from  drinking  water  (Engineering)

Objective 3:  Provide  Scientific  Methods  and Data for Protection of Ground-water
Resources                    '    '     '                     ~

o  Evaluation and development of laser-induced  fluorescence  for monitoring  ground-
   water using fiber optics (Monitoring)
o  Provision of data  and methods to  support  ground-water regulations, enforcement,
   management programs (Monitoring)
o  Publish a training manual for Ground-water Contaminant Modeling (Env. Processes)
o  Report on  Case Study of Class  I (industrial) Injection  Wells  (Env. Processes)


1985 ACTUAL  OUTPUTS
SM:S3SM»S»Za.S:*aXffi3BSSSE

Objective 1;  Develop Drinking Water Standards Based on Health  Effects through  Risk
AssjssjTient Studies                              '    '     '                :

o  Publish 28 final drinking water criteria documents (Sci. Assessment)
o  Development  of improved  immunological  methods  for  detecting  Giardia  (Health)
o  Report on  the  target organ  effects from  subchronic  exposure  to  carbon  tetra-
   chloride  (Health)

Objecti ye 2:  Provide  Engi neeri ng  Technologies  and Monitoring  Data for Drinking
Water Standards    '                 '            '  "~   '

o  Report on evaluation of monitoring  methods for  radionuclides  in  drinking water
  (Monitoring)
o  Annual reports on  laboratory  certification  regional  program, traceability  of
   National  Bureau  of  Standards  and  reference  analytical  services  (Monitoring)
o  Report on microbial quality considerations in distribution systems (Engineering)
o  Report on methods  of biological  sample preservation (Monitoring)
o  Report on bacterial transport by carbon particles passing through water treatment
   plants (Engineering)

          3;  Provide  Scientific  Methods and  Data for  Protection of
                                                                       -
o  Report  on  fiber  optics  for monitoring  ground-water contaminants  (Monitoring)
o  Publish state-of-the-art report on aquifer restoration techniques (Env. Processes)
o  An introduction to ground-water tracers manual  (Env, Processes)
                                      DW-13

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                                   DRINKING WATER


                              Drinking Water Research
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $22,498,100  supported  by  190.0  total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $1,654,000 and no  change in total  workyears from  1986.   Of
the request,  $9,613,100 will   be  for the  Salaries  and Expenses appropriation  and
$12,885,000 will be  for the  Research  and Development appropriation, a  decrease  of
$143,300 and $1,510,700, respectively.

Program Description

     The Drinking Water  research program  provides support to  States  and the  EPA
Office of Drinking Water  (ODW)  in  implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act  (SDWA)
in the areas of  contaminant  occurrence and health effects, analytical  methodology,
control technology and related costs,  and the protection of ground-water resources.

     Objective 1;  Develop Drinking Water Standards Based on Health  Effects Through
Risk Assessment Studies.  Research  inthis  activityprovides  healthassessment
information to support the Office of Drinking Water in developing revised regulations
to control  drinking water contaminants under  Section 1412  of  the SDWA.  The  health
research program also assists States in ascertaining causes of waterborne infectious
disease outbreaks and  determining the  hazard  to  humans  from exposure to infectious
agents through drinking water.

     Objective 2; Provide Engineering Technologi^                    for Drinking
Water Standards.  Research sujjporti rig£ hi s ob^ectTve pSovT3|s  analyt 1 ca 1 procedures
to monitordrinking  water contaminants.  In  addition,  engineering research will
evaluate treatment processes  and  costs to  support  ODW  regulatory decision-making.

     Objective 3;  Provide ScientificMethods  and Data  for  Protection of Ground^
water Resources.Workin this  category  willprovidethe  scientific basis for  the
protection ofunderground  drinking water   sources  to   implement  Section   1421  and
1414 of the SDWA.  These efforts  are  coordinated with  the pesticides and hazardous
waste programs.


SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $597,200  supported  by  9.0  total workyears  for
this program, of which $349,200 will be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $248,000 will  be for  the Research and  Development  appropriation.   This  repre-
sents a  decrease  of  $56,300 and  an   increase  of $182,200,  respectively, and  no
change in total  workyears.   The net  increase will be  used to  develop methods  for
evaluating health hazards associated  with  potable reuse of wastewater, and  addit-
ional health advisories for specified  chemicals.

     Deyelop Drinking Water Standards Based onHealth Effects Through Risk  Assess*
merit SlHidl es.Research will  provide  water criteria  and  assessment documents  for
drinking water  contaminants  of  disinfectants  and  their by-products.   The program
will continue to  provide  technical  support and  assistance  in response to Regional
and State  requests.   Research  will   also  continue to maintain  state-of-the-art
methodology for  assessment   of  potential  risk to  human  health  from   exposure  to
constituents found in drinking water.
                                      DW-14

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total of $471,300  supported  by 9.0 total
workyears for this  program,  of  which  $405,500 is from  the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $65,800 is  from  the  Research and  Development  appropriation.

     In 1986, this  program  is  finalizing  drinking  water  criteria documents  for
drinking water  contaminants,  disinfectants  and  Phase V chemicals  and  initiating
documentation in support of health advisories.


1985Accompli s hments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a  total   of  $425,300 supported  by 9.1  total
workyears for this  program,  of which $350,700 was  from the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $74,600 was  from the  Research  and   Development  appropriation.

     Major accomplishments included the initiation of criteria  documents for drink-
ing water  Phase  IV chemicals   and  documentation  for   eight  Phase  V  chemicals,
including health advisory levels.


MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

1987m Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total of $2,813,800  supported by  29.8  total  workyears
for this program, of which $1,596,800  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $1,217,000  will  be for the  Research  and  Development appropriation.
This represents  an  increase  of  $68,600 and  a decrease  of  $82,100,  respectively,
and no change in total  workyears.  The increase  in Salaries and  Expenses  reflects
adjustments to the  1986  base as  part  of government-wide deficit  reductions.  The
decrease in Research and Development reflects a pilot effort to externalize quality
assurance (QA)  costs.   This  effort  will  involve charging  of fees to  public  and
private users for QA services (e.g., quality control  check samples).

     Provide Engineering Technologies and Monitoring Data for Drinking Hater 'Stand-
ards..  The program wil 1 distribute quality  control  samples and conduct Performance
Evaluation studies.   Method   validation  studies  will   be   conducted  for  organic
contaminants newly  regulated under the Safe Drinking Water  Act.   The  program will
evaluate 10  regions and  personnel   for capabilities to provide  quality  data  in
support of  the  National   Interim Primary  Drinking  Water  Regulations  monitoring
program.

     Provide  Scientific  Methods and Data for Protection of Grounds-water Resources.
Research will continue  to provide both technical information  and  improved methods
for predicting  contaminant  movement and  transformation.   Research   will  Include
looking at  identification  and  assessment  technologies  for improving injection well
practices, assessing  fluid  movement  from  injection  wells  and   developing  laser
induced fluorescence for monitoring, ground water !by fiber optics.


198§ Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is  allocating a  total  of $2,827,300  supported  by 29,8
total workyears  for this  program,  of   which  $1,528,200  is  from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $1,299,100  is  from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.

     In 1986, the monitoring program is expediting methods  validation work to meet
the new drinking water  regulations for  organic chemical  contaminants. -The program
provides analytical  procedures  to  monitor drinking  water  contaminants  including
development of  procedures  for analysis of  radioactive  contaminants  and  improved
coliform analysis methods.


                                      DW-15

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1985 .
     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of  $2,703,500 supported by  28.5  total
workyears for this program, of which $1,538,100 was  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and $1,165,400  was  from the Research  and  Development appropriation.

     Reports were published  on the  evaluation of  monitoring  methods  for  radio-
nuclides in drinking water and on the validation of  radiation  methods.   The program
maintained and  distributed 55,000  quality  assurance and  performance  evaluation
samples.  The program also produced a  report on the  use  of fiber optics for  moni-
toring ground-water contaminants.


HEALTH EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $9,767,700 supported by 68.5  total workyears
for this program, of which $3,372,700  will  be for the Salaries  and  Expenses appro-
priation and  $6,395,000  will   be  for  the  Research  and  Development appropriation.
This represents an  increase of $111,600 and $359,700, respectively, and no change
in total workyears.  The increase will support the development of methods to deter-
mine risk  from exposure  to   mixtures  of  chemicals  instead  of single  chemicals.

     Develop Drinking Water Standards Based on Health Effects   Through  Risk Assess-
ment Studies.  The  health  research program  will  continue  to  support  ODW in  its
ef f o rf ' 'to  deve 1 op  maximum contaminant  levels and Health Advisories for  specific
chemicals found  in  drinking  water.   This  effort  will  be  directed at  developing
toxicological data  to  support development  of Acceptable  Daily Intake  levels  and
filling in toxicological data gaps  for existing chemicals found  in drinking  Water
and recently identified for regulation.  Also, toxicological  data will  be developed
on disinfectants and disinfectant  by-products with  emphasis  on  effects expressed
in vji yo from residual disinfectants in drinking water.

     Microbiological research  will  continue to  evaluate methods   for  isolating,
identifying and characterizing the health  effects of pathogens.   A  research effort
will begin to determine the public health significance of the occurrence of micro-
biological agents in drinking water and relate the health effects to an appropriate
indicator.

     Epidemiological studies  will  be  conducted relating  drinking water  quality to
cardiovascular disease.  An epidemiological  study will  be  conducted on the  rela-
tionship between  radon  in  drinking  water and lung cancer.   Assistance  will  be
provided to  states  during waterborne  disease outbreaks   which  will help  stop  and
prevent transmission of  disease from  contaminated   water.   An epidemiology  study
will be conducted  to determine the  relationship  between Legionella occurrence in
drinking water and disease in susceptible populations.

     Research will be conducted on the interactive toxjcity of chemicals that occur
in drinking water.   Research  results  from  past  studies on techniques for preparing
representative samples of  organic concentrates will   be  consolidated,   These  tech-
niques will  then  be used  to  prepare  samples for testing  in health  bioassays to
determine the  potential  health effects  from complex  mixtures  in  drinking  water.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating a total  of   $9,296,400  supported   by 68.5
total workyears  for this  program,  of  which $3,261,100  is from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $6,035,300  is from the Research and  Development appro-
priation.
                                       DW-16

-------
     The health  research  program continues  to  provide a  scientific base  for the
Agency and States  to use  in  identifying and  controlling  harmful  contaminants  in
drinking water.  Research is focused on those areas identified by ODW which support
their regulatory efforts.  This includes research on disinfectants, organic contam-
inants, waterborne pathogens and  disease,  Inorganic chemicals and  water treatment
chemicals.


1 985 Accomp 1 i s hment s

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a total  of  $9,015,300  supported  by  58.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,121,300  was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and  $5,894,000 was from the Research and Development appropriation.

     In 1985 the  program developed  improved immunological  methods  for detecting
Giardia.  Two important studies were completed and  reports issued:  A Report on the
Target Organ Effects from Subchronic Exposures to Carbon Tetrachloride and a Report
on the  Influence  of  Corn  Oil  on the Toxicity of Chloroform  and  other Chlorinated
Hydrocarbons in Drinking Water.


ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $4,316,800  supported  by* 58.4  total  workyears
for this program,  of which  $2,973,800  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,343,000  will  be for  the  Research and Development appropriation.
This represents  a  decrease  of  $125,900  and  $1,492,300,  respectively,  and  no
change in total  workyears.   The  reduction reflects the  completion  of  several re-
search projects  related  to the  practical  operation  of water utilities  and field
scale evaluations  for removal of organics.
     Provide Engineering Technologies and Monitoring Data i for ^ Dj"inking Vlater
ards.  This program  will  continue to -pro vide ''''evaluation'" of processes  for removal
of volatile  organic  compounds  (VOCs),  pesticides  and  radionuclides  for  use  in
regulation implementation.  It  will  provide information on  treatment  systems per-
formances and  costs to permit  cost-effectiveness  analyses  of  proposed  treatment
systems.  The  program  will  provide  evaluations  of  disinfectant  effectiveness  and
factors contributing to  microbial  deterioration  of water quality  in distribution
systems.  Research  emphasizing  technologies especially adaptable to  small  systems
will continue.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating  a  total  of  $5,935,000  supported  by 58.4
total workyears  for this program,  of which  $3,099,700 is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $2,835,300  is from the  Research  and  Development appro-
priation.

     Research  is continuing  to evaluate treatment  processes and costs to support
ODW regulatory  decision-making.   Cost data is being  compiled  for  unit  processes
to do  cost-effectiveness  analyses  of  proposed treatment  systems.   Factors  which
contribute to  deterioration of water  quality in distribution systems  and methods
for control are  being  investigated.  Work  on lead standard compliance problems due
to lead/tin solders  in plumbing systems  is being completed.   Research work empha-
sizing technology particularly  adaptable to small  systems  is also being continued.
                                      DW-17

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1985 Ac comp 1 1 s hment s


     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of  $5,858,400 supported  by  57.0 total
workyears for this  program,  of  which 2,756,700 was from the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $3,101,700  was  from the Research and  Development appropriation.

     Major accomplishments included publication of the following  reports:   Removal
of Radionuclides from Drinking  Water, Problem of Microbial  Protection of  Inverte-
brates, Microbial  Quality  Considerations  in  Distribution Systems, and  Biological
Sample Preservation.


ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $5,002,600  supported by 24.3  total  workyears
for this program,  of which $1,320,600 will  be for the Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation and  $3,682,000  will  be  for the  Research and  Development' appropriation.
This represents  a  decrease of  $141,300 and  $478,200,  respectively, and no  change
in total workyears.  The decrease  reflects the completion of several studies related
to basic process research.
     Provide Scientific Methods an^^^^       for  Protection of Ground-water Resources.
This program "will '"continue  to  focus'^n methods development and  studies  of subsur-
face transport  and  fate  processes  such  as  sorption,  biological  transformation,
redox, hydrolysis and  ion  exchange.   Research to determine the  cost-effectiveness
of jn-situ aquifer  restoration  techniques will continue, leading  to  cleanup where
previously the cost was  prohibitive.  This  work is coordinated  with  the Hazardous
Waste and Pesticides Programs.

     Field evaluation  of  movement and  transformation of  wastes  from  underground
injection wells will continue.  Continued support for Underground Injection Control
(UIC) research  work  will   provide   more  confidence  that  this  method  for  waste
disposal is safe and cost-effective.

     Joint studies  will  also continue  with  the People's Republic of China in the
area of  transport  and fate  and ecological   effects  of  ground-water  contaminants.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating a total  of  $5,622,100  supported  by  24.3
total workyears  for this program,  of  which  $1,461,900  is from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $4,160,200 is  from the  Research and  Development appro-
priation.

     Research is  focused  on  developing and  improving  methods  for  predicting the
impacts of contamination on  underground sources of drinking water as well as pro-
viding for  information transfer  for the National  Groundwater  Information Center
and the  International  Groundwater Modeling  Center.   The  program is determining the
cost-effectiveness  of  in-situ  aquifer  restoration  techniques  and  supports  the
Underground Injection  Control (UIC)  regulations  by  studying the fate and transport
of wastes in and from the injection  zone.


1985 Accompl i shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $5,323,600 supported  by  28.7 total
workyears for this  program,  of  which $1,395,300  was from the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,928,300 was from  the Research  and  Development  appropriation.
                                      DW-18

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     In 1985, major  accomplishments  included  completion  of  a  field facility  for
determining the adequacy  and  accuracy of  cement  bonding and mechanical  integrity
tests for injection wells.  A report on  state-of-the-art  aquifer  restoration  tech-
niques was published.  A  technique  for causing subsurface  biodegradation of  tri-
chloroethylene was discovered.   Two  manuals were  published  to  aid  implementation
of ground-water monitoring programs:  A  Practical  Guide for  Ground-water  Sampling
and An Introduction to Ground-water Tracers,
                                      DW-19

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                TableofContents

                                                                            Page
DRINKING WATER
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines	DW-21
          Criteria, Standards & Guidelines	 DW-23
       Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance	 DW-26
          Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants..........	 DW-27
          Underground Injection Control Program Grants	...	DW-28
          Special Studies & Demonstrations................	DW-30
          Trai ni ng	DW-30
       Drinking Water Management	DW-31
          Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance	OW-33
          Underground Injection Control Program	DW-35
       Ground-Water Protection	,	 DW-37
                                    DW-20

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                                                DRINKING WATER

                                Drinking Water Criteria, Standards X Guidelines
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
, REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

PROfiRAM
Criteria, Standards &
Guidelines
  Salaries * Expenses           $5,711.3    $5,593.3   $5,539.2     -$238.4    $5,300.8   $5,580.9    $280.1
  Abatement Control and         $4,405.6    ^5,103.0   $5,103.0     -$219.5    $4,883.5   $5,003,0    $119.5
  Compliance
                        TOTAL  $10,116.9   $10,696.3  $10,642.2     -$457.9   $10,184.3  $10,583,9    $399.6

TOTAL:
  Salaries * Expenses           $5,711.3    W.593.3   $5,539.2     -$238,4    $5,300.8   $5,580.9    $280.1
  Abatement Control and         $4,405.6    $5,103.0   $5,103.0     -$219.5    $4,883,5   $5,003*0    $119.5
  Compliance

Drinking Hater          TOTAL  $10,116.9   $10,696.3  $10,642.2     -$457.9   $10,184.3  $10,583.9    $399.6
Criteria, Standards f,
Guidelines


PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Criteria, Standards &               90.0        93.6       93.6                    93 6       93 6
Guidelines                                                                           *        " "

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS           90.0        93.6       93.6                    93.6       93.6

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                                                DRINKING WATAR

                                Drinking Mater Criteria, Standards $ Guidelines

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE     198?     DECREASE -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 198R

                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Criteria, Standards 8
Guidelines
101.7
101.8
101.8
101.8
101.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
101.7
101.8
101.8
101.8
101.8

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                                   DRINKING WATER


                Drinking Water Criteria, Standards and Guidelines
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $10,583,900  supported  by 101.8 total  workyears
for 1987, a  increase  of $399,600 and no  change  in total workyears  from  1986,   Of
the request, $5,580,900  will  be for  the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation  and
$5,003,000 will be  for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation,  an
increase of $280,100 and $119,500,  respectively.


Prpgrain Description

     Criteria,  Standards and Guidellnes— The program is  dedicated to  the identi-
ficationofdrinking water contaminants  that may have  any  adverse effect on human
health, the detei*mination of  the contaminant levels that serve  to protect against
such effects,  the development  of  enforceable  standards and  regulations  and  the
implementation  and  oversight  of  the  Public  Water Systems  Supervision  (PWS)  and
Underground Injection Control  (UIC) programs.

     The Safe Drinking Water  Act (SHWA)  mandates that  EPA  develop revised National
Primary Drinking  Water  Regulations (NPDWRs)  to  stand  as  comprehensive protection
against adverse health effects  posed  by natural  and synthetic  toxic contaminants.
Revised NpnWRs  may take the form of numerical  Maximum  Contaminant Levels  (MCLs)  or
a treatment-based  requirement.  In either case, a separate "Recommended  MCI" (RMCL)
is first established for every  contaminant to  be regulated, representing a health-
based goal.  For those contaminants found to be measurable at the system level  with
workable, affordable analytic technology, the MCL  is  set  as close to  the  RMCL as
feasible, taking  into  account  the performance  and cost  of  the  best "generally
available" treatment technology.   Otherwise,  a  treatment  requirement,  prescribing
such "generally available"  technology,  can he  promulgated.   Complementing these
enforceable, primary  standards  are  health  advisories,  nonenforceable  guidance
pertaining to the toxicology of  contaminants  with  limited,  localized occurrence or
not yet regulated.

     The Headquarters  program shares  in the  implementation  of  the  PWS  and  UIC
programs by  providing  implementation  tools  (such as guidance documents  and techni-
cal materials)   and  technical  assistance.    This  program  also  tracks  national
environmental progress,  establishing  performance  measures  and  compiling  data  on
national compliance with PWS  and  UIC regulatory requirements.   For this purpose,
Headquarters develops  and maintains   automated  data  systems;  it  also  maintains
central financial  management  and program planning  responsibilities.  EPA also has
responsibility to provide  scientific  and technical information  to States, locali-
ties, and utilities.


CRITERIA, STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES

1987 Program Request^

     Tne Agency requests a total of $10,583,900, supported hy 101.8 total  workyears
for t",is program,  of which $5,580,900 will  be for the   Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $5,003,000  wiT>  be for  the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This represents  an  increase  of  $280,100  and  $119,500,  respectively,
with no  change in total  workyears.   The Salaries  and  Expenses  increase reflects
increased operating costs.  The Abatement, Control  and  Compliance  increase reflects
additional resources for the  National Pesticide survey and monitoring  activities,

     EPA will  promulgate the first  revised  NPD'IRs,  n%w  MCLs   for  nine  volatile
organic contaminants  (VOCs),  including tetrachloroethylene,  in  late calendar year


                                         DW-23

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1986.  Penalization of Phase II RMCLs and proposal of enforceable MCLs  and  treatment
regulations, dealing with the bulk of known or anticipated contaminant  risks  (pesti-
cides, synthetic organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, and microbiological  disease
agents) will be accomplished in Spring 1987.  In addition, Phase III  (radionuclides)
proposed MCLs (with simultaneous  publication of final RMCLs) will  also  be published.

     In 1987, emphasis  will  increase  on the fourth phase of NPDWR  revision,  which
encompasses review of the last Interim  MCL, for  trihalomethanes  (THMs), as  well  as
consideration of  disinfectant  toxicity  and additional  disinfectant   by-products.
RMCLs for THMs, other  prevalent  by-products  and  disinfectants  will  be proposed  in
1987.

     The four phases of NPDWR revision comprise a comprehensive expansion  of public
health protection  from  exposure  to toxic  substances.   The lack of health  effects
data on many  substances, however,  will require  the  Agency to  continue  its  risk
assessment process and evaluate new research findings on still  unregulated contami-
nants.  Primary regulations will  be augmented with additional  health advisories,
supplying health-based  numerical   standards  for   a  multitude  of toxic substances
which may  turn  up  as localized  contaminants.    Because  both  the  number  and the
application of these  advisories  have  increased,   EPA  is developing  an electronic-
based, multi-access health  advisory registry and a formal review system  to assure
the quality and consistency of scientific content.

     Sampling and analysis  for the National  Pesticide Survey  will  continue.   This
nationwide survey  of  water  supply  wells,  jointly supported by  the Drinking  Water
and Pesticides programs,  will  involve  sampling  and analysis  from  more  than  1500
locations as well  as  scanning  for approximately  50 pesticides  and  their  transfor-
mation products.   Survey results  will  help  the  pesticide  program determine the
relationship between pesticide usage, chemical characteristics,  environmental  fac-
tors and subsequent contamination  events;  the  survey will give  the drinking  water
program occurrence data necessary to estimate human exposure, which will help deter-
mine future  regulatory  development.   A general   benefit  is the demonstration  of
analytic technologies for monitoring a multitude  of synthetic organic compounds.   As
the survey proceeds in  finding problem  contaminants, this  data.can  be used  to help
fashion specific  monitoring regulations  for  "vulnerable"  systems  to  assure the
safety of their supplies.

     The program will  continue to  provide national direction, guidance  and  oversight
to DIG  programs,  to  assure consistent regulatory  decisions   and  actions,  while
implementing a framework  and procedures to define  and  track  national  environmental
results.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating a total  of $10,184,300  supported by  101.8
total workyears  for this  program of  which $5,300.800  is from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $4,883,500 is from the Abatement, Control and  Compliance
appropriation.

     In November  1985,  final RMCLs and simultaneous proposal   of enforceable MCLs
for 8 Phase  I  VOCs were published.  For one contaminant,  tetrachloroethylene, new
data necessitated re-proposal of the RMCL;  consequently RMCL publication/MCL propo-
sal must  occur separately.   Phase II  RMCLs  have also  been  proposed in November
covering 26  organic  chemicals  and  pesticides,   12  inorganic   contaminants and  4
categories of  microbiological  contaminants.   A   final  RMCL and proposed  MCL for
fluoride has also  been issued.   In April  EPA  expects  to propose Phase III RMCLs,
pertaining to radionuclides.

     Incorporated within the Phase I NPDWR proposal is a special monitoring  regula-
tion requiring  systems  to  monitor  for approximately 50  unregulated  VOCs  using
instrumentation and routines similar to that required  for Phase I  compliance moni-
toring.  These  rules,  proposed under  the  authority of  SDWA  section 1445(a), are
intended to help  systems  and the public learn more about their  own water quality.


                                      DW-24

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Monitoring results will  also give  EPA a more  thorough data  base on exposure  to
these contaminants.  Before these rules are promulgated, health advisories  for each
target contaminant 1s being developed  from  available toxicology  data  to  help  guide
systems or identify prospective health risks posed  in the event  of a  contaminant's
detection.

     The Agency 1s completing plans  for the  National  Pesticide Survey.   The actual
sampling and analysis  starts in 1986.  At the same time, another survey, the National
Inorganics and Radionuclide Survey  (NIRS), will be  1n its final  phases of  sampling
and data compilation.

     Full scale implementation of State and Federal  UIC  programs  brings with it the
emergence of various technical and  programmatic issues  which  requires the  develop-
ment of a growing number of guidances, technical bulletins  and other implementation
tools to ensure consistent administration  of UIC regulations.


1985 Accompl1shment s

     In 1985, the Agency obligated $10,116,900,  supported by 101.7 total  workyears,
of which $5,711,300 was from the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation and  $4,405,600
was from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance  appropriation.

     During the year  final health  criteria documents  were prepared for  over-  7.0
contaminants under regulatory consideration  for Phases  I-III.  A RMCL for  fluoride
was proposed in  June.   A major portion of  the  NIRS  sampling  and  analysis  process
was completed in  September  1985;  52  health advisories  were prepared covering organic
and inorganic compounds under Phase I-II consideration and other compounds frequent-
ly associated with spills and localized contamination.

     With UIC  programs  effective  1n December  1984  in  the remaining non-primacy
jurisdictions, Headquarters  focused  on  providing  guidance  and technical  assis-
tance Including completion  of a  national  UIC  compliance strategy  and development
of measures of compliance and environmental  payoff.
                                       DW-25

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                                                                 DRINKING HATER

                                                Drinking  Hater  State Program Resource Assistance

                                                   ACTUAL    BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED     CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                                    1985      ESTIMATE     1986       BUDfiET      ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
                                                               1986                 REDUCTION      1986              19R7 VS 1986

                                                             (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

                 PROGRAM
                 Public Water  Systems
                 Supervision Program
                 Grants
                   Abatement Control and         $28,424.3   $29,450.0  529,450.0   -S1.2S6.3   $28,183.7  $28,450.0      $26fi.3
                   Compliance
                                         TOTAL  $28,424.3   $29,450.0  $29,450.0   -$1,?«6.3   $28,183.7  $28,450.0      *2fifi.3

„                Underground Injection
?                Control  Program Grants
N>                  Abatement'Control and          $8,312.1    $9,100.2   $9,100.2     -$391.3    $8,708.9   $8^500.0     -$208.9
                   Compliance
                                         TOTAL   $8,312.1    $9,100.?   $9,100.2     -$391.3    $8,708.9   $8,500.0     -5208.9

                 Special  Studies &
                 Demonstrations
                   Abatement Control and          $2,100,0               $2,350.0     -$101.1    $2,248.9              -$2,248.9
                   Compliance
                                         TOTAL   $2,100.0               $2,350.0     -$101.1    $2,248.9              -$2,248.9

                 Training
                    Abatement  Control  and          $214.0                 $250.0      -$10.8      $239.2                -$239 2
                    Compliance
                                         TOTAL     $214.0                 $250.0      -$10.8      5239.2                -$239.2

                TOTAL:
                  Abatement Control  and          $39,050.4   $38,550.2  $41,150.2   -$1,769.5   $39,380.7  $36,950.0   -$2,430.7
                  Compliance

                  HrinMng Hater State    TOTAL  $39,050.4   $38,650.2  $41,150.2   -51,769.5   $39,380.7  136,050.0   -$2,430.7
                  Program Resource
                  Assistance

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                                   DRINKING WATER


                  Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $36,950,000  for 1987,  a  decrease of $2,430,700
from 1986,  All of  the request will  be  for the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

ProgramDescription

     The intent of  the Safe Drinking Water Act 1s  that  States should  assume  the
primary role for  implementing  and  enforcing the  drinking  water and the underground
injection control  (UIC) regulations.  Federal  financial assistance,  in  the  form of
grants, is provided  to  States to develop  and  maintain  these  programs.  To be eligible
for grants, States must have primary enforcement  responsibility.

     Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants — The program provides grants
to States which have been delegated primary  enforcement authority  for implementing
a Federally-approved Public  Water  System Supervision (PWS)  program,   EPA  may  also
use the funds allocated to  non-primacy  States and  Indian  lands  to defray  the  cost
of Federal implementation of the program, including travel.

     Underground Injection ControlProgram Grants — This  program  provides  grants
to support  State  activities  in 'implementing  the  UIC  program.   As  with the  PWS
program, EPA may  use the  funds allocated to  a  non-primacy  State  and  Indian lands
for program implementation and travel associated with  implementation activities 1n
non-primacy States.

     Special Studies and Demonstrations  — This  program includes resources  for the
National RuralWater Associationfor training and technical assistance to operators
of small rural water systems.

     Training — This program includes funds  for fellowships to State personnel in
the PWS  and UIC  program areas  for  academic training  and  for  academic  grants.


PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS SUPERVISION PROGRAM GRANTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $28,450,000 for this program, all of which  will
be for  the  Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  appropriation.  This  represents an
increase of  $266,300   for  State Implementation  of  volatile organic  contaminants
regulations.

     This grant will be included in a  legislative proposal  for block grants  designed
to give  States  more flexibility and  autonomy in  administering  environmental  pro-
grams.  In 1987, we  expect States to continue to emphasize the following activities.
The PWS  grants  will support  54 State primacy  programs.   During  1987,  the  States
will prepare  for  the  implementation  of  the volatile  organic contaminants (VOC)
regulations which will become  effective  in  the  Spring of  1988,  These regulations
cover those volatile  organic contaminants  frequently  encountered  in  public water
systems using ground-water sources  and  contain analytic and  treatment requirements
with precision  levels  well beyond  the existing norm for' small,  groundwater source
systems at risk.  We expect the States to  ensure  that public  water systems carry out
the VOC  monitoring  and  reporting  requirements  including  mandatory monitoring  of
about 50 unregulated contaminants,  a requirement  authorized under Section,1445(a) of
the SDWA.  The  States  will Initiate the  first round  of  contaminant monitoring  and,
using health advisories, will  work  witli  systems  to avoid  health risks posed by un-
regulated contaminants.


                                      DW-27

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     EPA will encourage the States to redirect their enforcement programs ta include
violations of the VOC regulations and to ensure that timely and  appropriate  enforce-
ment actions are initiated against non-complying systems.

     State drinking water programs will  continue to assume a pivotal  role when  con-
tamination of drinking water sources is  discovered, even in cases  where unregulated
contaminants are involved.   State  officials  must evaluate the public  health risks
for those  contaminants which  EPA  has  not  established  an  enforceable standard,
collecting and  interpreting  health  effects  and treatment information to formulate
an action plan.  The  PWS  grant funds  will continue to  support primacy  programs  as
well as EPA direct implementation program activities including  analytical services,
sanitary surveys, training,  data management, disease  surveillance,  on-site techni-
cal activities, and data management.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating  a total  of $28,183,700 for  this  program, all
of which is from the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appropriation.

     Fifty-four States are expected to  receive grants,  and EPA is  using the funds
allocated to the  remaining  States  for direct  implementation  activities.  . EPA  is
providing transition assistance to Oregon and Pennsylvania.

     During 1986, States are focusing on  improving  the compliance of community water
systems with the regulations and  working  with  systems where compliance  is  declin-
ing or progress has not been  made.  The States are initiating enforcement actions  in
cases of persistent  non-compliance,  where there is  no  evidence  that systems  will
take corrective action.   States are  expected to initiate 5,700 enforcement actions
and conduct 9,000  inspections  related  to violations.   With the  growing number  of
groundwater contamination incidents, State  officials increasingly are  called  upon
to gauge the public  health  risk and arrange the appropriate response.   The grants
also support program and data management activities.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of  $28,424,300  for  this  program, all  of
which was from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation.

     Fifty-three States including Pennsylvania  received  grants while EPA  used the
funds allotted to the non-primacy States  for implementation  of the  Federal  program
through contracts.   The grant  funds supported   PWS Supervision program  operations^
including the certification/recertification  of an estimated 3,700  laboratories, the
conduct of 38,000 routine sanitary surveys and the  review of 20,000 plans and speci-
fications.  The  States  continued to  focus  on improving  compliance among public
water systems  and  initiated 4,600 formal enforcement actions  and  conducted 8,400
violation related inspections.


UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROGRAM GRANTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total of $8,500,000  for this program, all of  which  will
be for the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appropriation.  This  represents  a
decrease of $208,900.   The  decrease  1n  Abatement, Control  and Compliance  reflects
progress in UIC permitting.

     This grant will  be included in  a legislative  proposal .for block grants  designed
to give  States more  flexibility  and  autonomy  in  administering environmental  pro-
grams.  In 1987, we expect States to continue to emphasize the following activities.
                                      DW-28

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     These funds will support State or EPA programs to protect underground drinking
water sources from contamination  through  underground injection practices."  Permit-
ting, which enables  States (or EPA) to apply the general UIC  requirements to  site-
specific conditions, will continue to be a high program priority.  The priority for
permitting remains new wells  associated with oil  and gas production (Class II), new
wells related to deep injection of hazardous and municipal wastes (Class I) (permit-
ting of existing  Class  I wells  will  be  completed in  1986)  and new mining  wells
(Class III).  In primacy States,  reviews  of well records will  be conducted for 20%
of the existing Class  II wells  currently authorized by rule.   In  addition,  States
will determine  whether to permit miscellaneous wells  which  fall into the  Class  V
category.

     As the  State permit workload decreases,  the  States  will  be able  to  devote
greater effort  to  bringing  violators  into  compliance  and  requiring operators to
address actual  or  potential  contamination problems.  A field  presence  will  demon-
strate to the regulated  community that the States  will exercise their  enforcement
authority when  necessary.   When- program  operators fail  to  comply,  States  will
initiate appropriate enforcement  actions.

     Other activities  supported  by the  grants include:   maintaining well  inven-
tories, compliance tracking with  permit conditions and/or rule requirements, techni-
cal assistance  to  operators,  training and other data  management activities.   When
EPA implements  a program in  a State, the funds will  be used to support  a similar
range of activities,


1986 program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a  total of  $8,708,900  for this program, all
of which is from the Abatement,  Control and Compliance appropriation.

     These funds support programs to protect underground sources of  drinking  water
from contamination through underground injection in all 57 States  and Territories,
as well as on  Indian lands.   EPA uses grant funds  allotted to  19  full  non-primacy
and 5 partial non-primacy States  and  Indian lands  to support direct  implementation
activities.  The priorities  for  permitting by  EPA and the  States  are similar to
those in 1987.

     Grant funds also support  surveillance and compliance activities.   The  programs'
primary means of surveillance  is through the receipt and review of operation reports.
For this system to be effective,  there must be  no  question  about the  credibility of
operators' data.  This  requires  the program to maintain an  effective  verification
effort.  In  addition,  demonstrated absence  of leaks  is  an  important element of
compliance.  Where violations are evident,  appropriate enforcement action is  being
initiated.  States are beginning  to emphasize compliance with permit  conditions and
increasing inspections,  mechanical  integrity  tests (MIT)   and  surveillance  acti-
vities.


1985 Accpmpli s hments                           ,

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a  total  of $8,312,100  for  this program, all Of
which was from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation.

     Thirty-three States achieved  full primacy and  five had  partial  primacy  by the
end of 1985.  The  States completed 180 permit determinations for  existing  Class  I
and Class III wells, reviewed 15,509 records for Class II wells, evaluated tests of
19,848 wells for mechanical  integrity and witnessed approximately 25  percent of the
MITs.  In addition, the  State compliance  and enforcement activities  increased with
the completion of 46,282 field inspections and initiation of administrative actions,
review of monitoring reports, and initiation of 2  new civil litigations.
                                      DW-29

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SPECIAL STUDIES AND DEMONSTRATIONS

1987 Prograi Request

     No funding  is  requested  for this  program.  This  represents  a  decrease  of
$2,248,900 in  the  Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appropriation.   The  decrease
represents the  Agency's  position  that the  National  Rural  Water Association  has
demonstrated the effectiveness  of  grass  roots  training  and technical  assistance
programs to benefit small systems and that the individual  State  associations  should
be able to move toward self-sufficiency through the  use  of organizational  dues  and
training fees.


1986 Program

    "In 1986, the Agency is  allocating a total  of $2,248,900 for this  program,  all
of which is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.

     These funds support  the training and technical  assistance activities  of  the
National Rural  Water  Association.  The National  Association, through  its 31  cur-
rently funded  State associations  covering  33  States,  is  providing  guidance on  ways
to promote compliance among rural water systems.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the Agency obligated  a total of $2,100,000  for this program,  all  of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.

     These funds supported the National Rural  Water Association's outreach program.
The State  associations  funded  a total  of 384  workshops  in  33  States  to train
operators of small  water systems and provided  3,840 days  of technical assistance to
these systems.

TRAINING

1987 Program Request

     No funds  are   requested for this  program.   This  represents  a  decrease  of
$239,200 in  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.   The  decrease
represents the  Agency's  view that  there  are sufficient  opportunities  for  State
personnel to  obtain training  in environmental  and  public  health   fields  without
Federal support.

1986 Program

     The Agency is  allocating $239,200 for this program, all of which is  from the
Abatement, Control   and   Compliance  appropriation.   These  funds  will  be used  to
provide fellowships to State agency personnel  involved  in the  administration  and
implementation of State PWS and UIC programs.


1985 Accompl i shments

     In 1985,  the  Agency obligated  a  total  of $214,000  for this program,  all  of
which was from the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.

     The funds  supported academic training for  84 State  agency  personnel.   Of  this
total 61 fellowships were  awarded to personnel  involved in  the  administration  and
Implementation of State  PWS  programs and 23 were awarded  to personnel involved in
the protection of ground water.
                                       DW-30

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PROGRAM
                                               DRINKING MATER

                                           Drinking Hater Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE •*•
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                             (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)
Public Water Systems
Supervision Program
Assistance
  Salaries $ Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
        $4,726.7    $5,090.5   $5,073,6
            $6.0
           $10.0
          -$218.3    $4,855.3   $5,016.6      $161.3
            -$0.4  •      $9.6      $10.0        $0.4
                        TOTAL   $4,732.7     $5,090.5    $5,083.6      -$218.7     $4,864.9   $5,026.6      $161.7
Underground Injection
Control Program
  Salaries I Expenses           $4,579.4     $5,804.2    $5,460.9
                     ,.   TOTAL   ,$4,579.4     t5,804.2    $5,460.9
TOTAL:
  Salaries ft Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance

Drinking Water
Management

PERMANENT HORKYEARS
        $9,306.1   $10,894.7  $10,534.5
            $6.0                  $10.0
                                             -$234.7    $5,226.2    $5,521.3
                                             -$234.7    $5,226.2    $5,521.3
                     -$453.0   $10,081.5  $10,537.9
                       -$0.4        $9.6      $10.0
TOTAL   $9,312.1   $10,894.7  $10,544.5     -$453.4   $10,091.1   $10,547.9
                                                          $295.1
                                                          $295.1
                                              $456.4
                                                $0.4
                                                          $456.8
Public Mater Systems
Supervision Program.
Assistance
Underyroufi.' Inject ion
Control Program

TOT/'L PERMANENT MORKYEARS
           118.8


           119.0


           237.8
121.1


143.5


264.fi
121.6


141.1


262.7
121.6      121.6


141.1      141.1


262.7      262.7

-------
         Public V'ater Systems
         Supervision Program
         Assistance

         Underground Injection
         Control Program

         TOTAL WOP.K.YEARS
                                                          WINKING WATER

                                                     Drinking Hater Management

TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL RUDfiET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986

ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986

130.5
132.4
132.4
131,3      154,0      153.9
261. R      286.4
           286.3
132.4
132,4
                         153.9       153.9


                         286.3       286.3
ir
K>

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                             DRINKING WATER


                       Drinking Water Management
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of $10,547,900 supported by 286.3 total workyears
for 1987, an Increase of  $456,800  and  no change in total workyears from 1986.   Of
the request, $10,537,900  will  be for the  Salaries and Expenses appropriation  and
$10,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,  an  increase
of $456,400 and $400, respectively.


Program Description

     Two major Regional  programs  comprise this subactivity.

     Publ1C Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance —  This  program  consists
of Regional activities related to national  Implementation of drinking  water regula-
tions to ensure that public water supplies are free of contamination which  may  pose
adverse health  effects.   The  Regional  offices provide oversight and  support  to
primacy States in administering Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS) programs  and
implement programs in those  States  which do  not have primacy  and on Indian lands
where States do not  have civil  jurisdiction.  The  Regions   assist  States where
specific problems are Identified, evaluate State programs, and  award the  PWS grants.
The Regions continue to respond to contamination incidents Including those  (involv-
ing unregulated contaminants)  which  may potentially affect public water supplies.

     Underground InjectionCoptrol  Program —  This program consists  of  Regional
activities related to the pTotettioii^Turrdepground water sources.  The  Regions  are
responsible for ensuring  Implementation  of  the Underground  Injection  Control (UIC)
Regulations, either through  oversight  and assistance  to primacy States or Federal
implementation in non-primacy States and on  Indian lands.  They are also  responsible
for review of  sole  source aquifer designation  petitions.  Grant awards  for the  UIC
program are administered by the Regions.


PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS SUPERVISION PROGRAM ASSISTANCE

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency requests a total  of $5,026,600  supported  by 132.4 total workyears,
of which $5,016,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation  and $10,000
will be for the Abatement Control and Compliance appropriation.  This  represents an
Increase of $161,300 and $400, respectively, with no change in  total workyears.   The
increase in Salaries and  Expenses  is  for Increased operating  costs.  The  increase
1n Abatement, Control and Compliance is for data management  activities.

     The Regions will work with the States in implementing regulations for  volatile
organic contaminants  (VOCs), redirecting  program  efforts  in   order  to adopt   any
necessary statutory  or  regulatory  revisions to apply and enforce  provisions  at
least as  stringent  as  the  Federal   requirements.    By early  1988,  public water
supplies will have to comply with  VOC  Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs).   Monitor-
ing and  Reporting (M/R)  requirements,  including monitoring  for approximately  50
additional VOCs, will be  effective  upon promulgation;  but  States may phase in  the
measurement requirements  overtime, with the smallest  systems allowed  four  years to
perform the minimum  analytic requirements.   The Regions will   be available to  help
States with new analytic techniques and meeting additional laboratory  certification
requirements.  The  Regions  will  also have  to  review  the State  programs to ensure
their adequacy under primacy criteria.
                                      DW-33

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     The new monitoring activities will  generate a number of cases of  contamination.
In a limited  number  of instances, EPA will assist States, localities, and  systems
in confirming concentration  levels,  advising  on reliable sampling/analytic  proce-
dures and the potential  for  adverse  health effects, investigating the pathways  of
contamination, and  suggesting  remedial  measures including  appropriate  treatment
technology.

     Compliance with existing regulatory requirements will  remain a primary  measure
of environmental effectiveness and thus a chief focus  for the  PWS  Supervision  pro-
gram. While elimination  of violations with the  microbiology,  turbidity  and total
trihalomethanes standard will  continue as a high priority, compliance with the chemi-
cal and radiological  standards will receive new emphasis.  In addition, Regions  will
track the progress of those systems identified as having significant non-compliance.
Regional staff will  prepare the  necessary  technical  documentation to assure timely
and appropriate Federal enforcement actions are initiated  against violations of the
Interim primary regulations.

     Regions may conduct  site visits to laboratories previously certified  to  spot
check for the quality and  accuracy of sample analyses, perform mid-year evaluations,
and review and verify report  data.


19815 Program

     In 1986 the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of  $4,864,900  supported by 132.4
total workyears for  this program, of which  $4,855,300 is  from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $9,600 is from  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.

     Fifty-four States  have   assumed primary  enforcement  authority for the PWS
supervision program  to assure  compliance  with Interim Primary Regulations.  EPA
Regions are working  with these primacy  States to achieve full  compliance, particu-
larly for microbiological and turbidity  MCLs  and monitoring, so that, overall, the
number of community PWSs in persistent non-compliance with  MCLs will  amount  to  less
than 1% of the  national  inventory.   EPA's  goal  is to eliminate all such  persistent
non-compliance by 1988.

     EPA is directly  implementing the program in three  non-primacy   States  and  on
Indian lands.   In  anticipation  of  implementing  the  VOC  regulations, Regions are
engaged in assuring  a  sufficient laboratory  capacity for VOC  analyses and  working
with utilities on  analytic and reporting requirements.  EPA is intensifying negotia-
tions with  Indiana  in an effort  to  delegate  the  program  by 1987,   Although Penn-
sylvania and Oregon  will  have primacy in 1986, EPA  continues to provide  transition
support in  such areas  as data  management,  compliance,  follow-up,   completion  of
formal  enforcement  actions,   staff  training,  and  other  appropriate activities.

     The Regions continue  to provide assistance  to States  and utilities  as  they
respond to contamination of water supplies, such as occurrence of ethylene dibromide
(EDB).  Other assistance  involves  the  investigation  and control of  agents  causing
disease outbreaks including the  continuing incidence of gastroenteritis  and giar-
diasis.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of $4,732,700 supported  by  130.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $4,726,700 was  from  the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,000 was  from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  Appropria-
tion.

     The Regions responded to 325  separate  instances  of reported  contamination,
either of supplies themselves  or potential threats to  sources.   Serious  contamina-
tion incidents, involving substantial regional staff time, occurred in every  Region.
                                        DW-34

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Among those  were 10  investigations of  disease  outbreaks.   Technical  assistance
varied in extent from  simple  responses to  telephone  Inquiries  to  extensive  studies
of contamination sites including liaison  with Superfund actions.

     With the  delegation to  Pennsylvania,  53  State  programs   are  now  directly
responsible for more than 96% of the Nation's community water  systems.  Encourage-
ment from the Regional programs (through  direct  contact and through the negotiation
of State  grant  agreements  and  program  evaluation)  has led to  a more  aggressive
State effort to  bring  systems  into  compliance with basic  public  health  standards.


UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROGRAM

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $5,521,300  supported by 153.9  total  workyears
for this program, all of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
with no  change  in  total workyears.   This  represents  an  increase of  $295,100  for
increased operating costs.

     EPA is expected to be  responsible for program implementation 1n  20  States  and
Indian lands during  1987,   In four  of those States,  EPA  will  be  responsible  for
regulating only certain categories  of wells, with the State having assumed  primacy
for the  remaining categories.   Since establishing the last of these  direct  imple-
mentation (DI) programs in late 1984, EPA Regions have made their  first priority to
meet a primary statutory requirement: that no underground  injection may take place
without an  official  permit or  other means  of  approval,  which  implements  proper
controls and  requires  periodic  monitoring so that the threat  of  contamination  to
underground sources  of  drinking  water is prevented.    While the permitting  process
proceeds on a 5-year schedule,  the  Regions will  ensure that the  growing  number  of
Federally-permitted wells operate in conformance  with permit  requirements.  This
will include conducting inspections,  witnessing  and  reviewing  mechanical  Integrity
tests, and conducting record reviews  for  enhanced  recovery wells to identify compli-
ance problems requiring corrective action.  Regions will follow up  on  confirmed  or
suspected violations to the extent possible  by making  on-site  visits,  meeting with
violators, and developing  compliance schedules.   As  necessary,  they  will  develop
preliminary technical rationales to  support more formal enforcement action.

     At the same time,  the Regions  must maintain oversight and  provide  technical
assistance to 41 State  programs,  which are regulating the  preponderance  of  injec-
tion facilities.  Matching  the priority given  to compliance  when EPA has  direct
responsibility, Regions will actively encourage  States to assure  compliance  through
inspections, record  reviews, and  timely  mechanical  integrity testing and to  solve
any emerging compliance problems through  a combination of  technical  assistance  and
enforcement action.  Part of  this Regional help will  be the application  of hydro-
geological expertise.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of  $5,226,200 supported by  153.9
total workyears for  this  program, all  of  which  is from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.

     The UIC Implementation  strategy for  permit determinations, where EPA has direct
implementation responsibility, is to  review  all  new  Class  II applications first  In
accordance with the  statutory  mandate not to impede  oil  and  gas  production.   The
second priority, existing  Class  I  wells,  reflects the Agency's  concern  about  the
disposal of hazardous wastes through underground  injection.  Because of the poten-
tial contamination from mining operations, Regions are reviewing  existing Class  III
wells, followed by new Class I and III wells  to  ensure that construction, activities
are not hampered.  Regions review  existing Class  II wells as a lower priority because
of the  5-year  period provided by the  regulations.   An expanded  permitting  effort
enables the Regions  to complete  determinations  an  all  existing  Class  I and  III


                                       DW-35

-------
applications, 20% of existing  Class  II  applications, and new Class  I,  II,  and  III
applications in 1986.  The  Regions are  also completing  the  assessment  of  Class  V
(miscellaneous) wells in non-primacy jurisdictions,  maintaining  a current  inventory
of all injection  wells,  witnessing mechanical  integrity tests  for  some categories
of wells,  reviewing  monitoring reports, maintaining  an accurate and current data
base, and conducting surveillance activities to ensure compliance.

      The Regions  oversee  and provide  technical  assistance  to  38  States  with
primacy at the beginning  of 1986,  operating 33 full  and 5  partial  programs.   Over-
sight activities include evaluating State implementation programs,  working with  the
States to  identify  and  address  compliance problems,  negotiating  annual  program
outputs to meet annual  operating  objectives, and  verifying data to ensure accuracy
of information used to report environmental results.

     Regions continue to  process  petitions to designate sole source aquifers  and
continue to  evaluate proposed  Federally  funded projects in designated sole source
aquifer areas to determine  if any  contamination  potential  exists and, based upon
the determination,  make  appropriate recommendations  to  the  Administrator.   In
addition, they  provide  hydrogeological  assistance   on  groundwater  contamination
incidents and emergency  response,  conduct  grants and  financial  management  activi-
ties, provide training, and coordinate UIC  activities  with other related  programs.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985 the Agency  obligated a total   of  $4,579,400 supported by 131.3  total
workyears for the program,  all  of which  was from the  Salaries  and  Expenses appro-
priation.

     In December  1984  EPA  promulgated  regulations  establishing  UIC programs  for
the last  group of  States and for  most  Indian lands  without State  primacy.   The
Regions continued to process State primacy  applications  and negotiated with States
on program plans and implementation activities, delegating full  programs in 2 States
and partial programs 1n  3  States  during 1985. For  those States with primacy,  the
Regional Offices reviewed  compliance and monitoring  reports  and provided guidance
and assistance on mechanical  integrity testing and  technical  program requirements.
They reviewed the States' annual report  data and processed  the information for com-
pilation into the annual  report of program accomplishments.   They  were  responsible
for managing  the  State   grant  program,  which included reviewing program plans,
negotiating changes, awarding grants, and auditing grants.

     In the jurisdictions  where EPA was implementing  programs,  the  first priority
was the discovery and closure of Class IV wells (injecting  hazardous wastes  into or
above a drinking water  source)  within 6  months.  Other activities involved  notifi-
cation of facility  operators  of UIC permits and the  first  issuance of permits.   By
the end of the fiscal  year, EPA had issued 42  permits for  existing Class  I  and  III
wells, 5 for  new  Class I and  Ill's and  313 for new  Class  II  oil and  gas  wells  and
64 for existing Class  II's.  The  Regions also  reviewed  3,302 Class  II well record
files and  witnessed 3,068 mechanical  integrity tests.   To date EPA designated
21 sole source aquifers, with 12 more petitions under review.
                                       .DW-36

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                                                                DRINKING HATER
                                                            firound-Uater Protection
OJ


PROGRAH
Ground-Hater Protection
Salaries S Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compile nee
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Ground-iJater TOTAL
Protection
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Ground -Hater Protection
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Ground-Hater Protection
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985


$1,349.4
$969.3
$2 , 3 18. 7
$1,349.4
$969.3
$2,318.7

23.7
23.7

26.4
26.4
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(HOLLARS

$1,3R8.6
$1,000.0
$-2,388.6
$1,388.6
$1,000.0
$2,388.6

28.o
28.0

28.0
28.0
ENACTED BALANCER
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

$1,404.3 -$60.4
$1,000.0 -$43.0
$2,404.3 -$103.4
$1,404.3 -$60.4
$1,000.0 -$43.0
$2,404.3 -$103.4

27.3
27.3

28.0
28.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


$1,343.9
$957.0
$2,300.9
$1,343.9
$957.0
$2,300.9

27.3
27.3

28,0
28.0
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


$1,398.3 $54.4
$900.0 -$57.0
$2,298.3 -$2.6
$1,398.3 $54.4
$900.0 -$57.0
$2,298.3 -$2.6

27.3
27.3

28.0
28.0

-------
                                  DRINKING WATER


                              Ground-Water Protection


Budget Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $2,298,300  supported  by 28.0 total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease  of $2,600  and no change in total workyears.  Of the  request,
$1,398,300 will  be  for  the  Salaries   and  Expenses  appropriation  and  $900,000
will be  for  the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  appropriation,  an increase  of
$54,400 and a decrease of $57,000, respectively.


Program Description

     Grounds-Water Protection — The ground-water protection program focuses actions
under currentauthorities to  protect  the  Nation's ground  water.   The  program's
major objectives include:  building  and  enhancing  institutions at the  State level;
coordinating ground-water  protection activities  across  EPA  programs;  providing
assistance in addressing problems that arise  from sources  of ground-water contamin-
ation that are  of  national  concern;  and implementing guidelines for  EPA decisions
affecting ground-water  protection  and  cleanup.   Both  Headquarters  and  Regional
staffs are supported by this program.


GROUND-WATER PROTECTION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $2,298,300  supported  by 28.0 total  workyears
for this program, of which $1,398,300 will  be for the Salaries and  Expenses approp-
riation and $900,000  will  be for  the Abatement, Control  and Compliance  appropri-
ation.  This represents an increase of $54,400 and a decrease of $57,000, respective-
ly, and no change in total workyears.  The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects
adjustments to  the  1986  base  as  part of the  government  wide deficit  reductions.
The decrease in  Abatement, Control and  Compliance reflects the completion  of  some
public information activities.

     EPA and the Regions working with States  will continue to implement  the Ground-
Water Protection Strategy.   Headquarters and  Regions  will  jointly  conduct  State
program development workshops to exchange information among States and  to identify
common technical and management problems and  experiences.

     The Agency  will  implement the  ground-water monitoring  strategy,  which  will
provide decision makers  (at  the  EPA,  State,   and site  manager  levels) the  data
necessary to make  decisions  relating to  ground water.   One  major  aspect  of  that
effort will be  to  use  existing data systems to design a  ground-water  information
program with capacity  to  store,  shape,  and analyze ground-water quality  data  col^
lected by EPA States and private industry and other ground-water systems.  Workshops
will be held with  the  States in  cooperation with United  States Geological  Survey
(USGS) to assist States in developing their own  ground-water data management systems.
Technical Information Publications (TIPs) will  be developed for local  managers  that
describe successful practices for dealing with selected activities affecting ground-
water quality.

     During 1987, the  Agency will  incorporate ground-water  classification  guide-
lines, as appropriate,  into  the  policies,  regulations,  and procedures  administered
in several Agency programs dealing with  ground water.  Headquarters and Regions will
work with  the   States  to  implement the  Pesticides  in   Ground  Water  Strategy.

     Headquarters and the Regions  will  manage   internal  coordinating  committees  to
assure that major ground-water  policy questions are addressed.   External  coordina-


                                       DW-38

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ting committees will be managed to  ensure  Involvement of key groups  such as  State
and local governments and other Federal  agencies.    Memoranda of Understanding be-
tween EPA and  the U.S.  Geological  Survey and  EPA and the  Bureau of  Reclamation
will be implemented.  EPA will  coordinate the implementation  of the recommendations
made by  a  Science Advisory Board  committee  review of  EPA ground-water  research.
The Agency will continue  a  public  information program to inform the  public on  EPA
protection activities.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total of $2,300,900 supported by 28.0  total
workyears to this  program,  of which  $1,343,900 is for the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $957,000 is  for  the Abatement,  Control and Compliance  appropri-
ation.

     Through the  Regions,  Headquarters   is  supporting  State strategy  development
with EPA grant  funds.  Headquarters and Regions are conducting workshops with  the
States focusing on elements of successful  State ground-water programs and how they
might be incorporated  into  State  programs,  the ground-water monitoring and  data
management systems, and greater coordination  and  support from other  Federal  agen-
cies.  All   of  these efforts  are  oriented  toward helping  each State  complete a
comprehensive State  ground-water  strategy and  toward  developing  State  programs.

     A liaison  group  of  a dozen  national  organizations representing State  and
local governments is meeting to exchange  information  and  ideas  on  intergovernment-
al ground-water protection efforts.  This group is assisting  EPA in  helping States
Improve their  programs and  work  toward agreed-upon  approaches  to  ground-water
protection.  Under an EPA grant,  a  university consortium is holding several  ground-
water symposia  to  provide a forum  for  analysis and  examination of  public policy
issues of importance to  State and local  officials.   In addition  to  offering  an
opportunity for examination of issues,  the symposia  will  result in  a  publication
on public  policy  choices  and  their  Implications  for  State  and  local  officials
responsible for ground-water quality management.  Selected provisions of the  Ground-
Water Monitoring  Strategy  are being  implemented  in  1986.   These  initial  efforts
will focus on ground-water information collection  efforts  1n  EPA and  other agencies
to provide greater access to existing  information  and  to yield a better understand-
ing of  ground-water contamination  sources.   This  effort utilizes  existing   data
systems.

     Headquarters is working with  States, Regions, and public  representatives  to
develop TIPs on various  control/cleanup technologies,  including a publication  on
how to  reduce  ground-water pollution from  septic systems.   Headquarters and  the
Regions are working with  the Office of Pesticides  and  Toxic Substances to implement
selected provisions of  the Pesticides  in Ground-Water  Strategy.

     In cooperation  with  States  and  USGS,  various  EPA offices  are  undertaking
studies and  surveys  of special ground-water  concerns,  e.g.,  a  survey of  surface
impoundments, landfills and municipal lagoons to identify the  extent of real  and
potential contamination from these  sources  as required under the  Resource  Conser-
vation Recovery Act  (RCRA)  reauthorization.   The  ground-water program is  working
to support these efforts.

     In 1986 the  Ground-Water  Guidelines are being  Incorporated into  several  EPA
programs and  workshops will be  held  with the  Regions  and  the  States to  provide
technical and management assistance.  The Agency is continuing to  improve coordin-
ation of ground-water  protection  activities  among EPA  programs.   Headquarters  and
the Regions  will  manage  internal  and  external  coordinating  committees  established
in 1985 to ensure that  major policy questions are  addressed and to  ensure appropri-
ate involvement of key  constituency groups.
                                       DW-39

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1985 Accompli s hments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $2.318,700  supported by 26.4 total
workyears, of which $1,349,400 was from the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation and
$969,300 was from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appropriation.

     In 1985, EPA awarded Section 106  grants to  States in  part to Initiate compre-
hensive strategies or develop State ground-water  programs.   The first compendium of
descriptions of State  ground-water  programs was  developed and distributed to the
States.  A liaison  group  of a dozen  State  and local  organizations was formed to
exchange information on intergovernmental  ground-water protection  efforts.  Under an
EPA grant, a  university  consortium  held ground-water  symposia on  State and local
ground-water issues.

     A draft ground-water monitoring strategy was developed to help  in  coordinating
ground-water information  collection  in EPA  and  other Agencies,   A Pesticides in
Ground Water Strategy was  initiated with the Office of Pesticide Programs to address
pesticide contamination of ground water and  a TSCA Ground-Mater Strategy was deve-
loped with the Toxics program to  incorporate ground-water criteria  into  risk assess-
ments of new  and  existing chemicals to determine if  actions are  needed to prevent
or reduce ground-water  contamination from these substances.   EPA started development
of the  ground-water classification  guidelines  that  define ground  water according
to use  and vulnerability.  Memoranda  of Understanding were developed with US6S to
clarify the roles of EPA  and US6S for  ground-water protection, and  with the Bureau
of Reclamation for  coordination  of  the High Plains Aquifer Demonstration  Program.
                                       DW-40

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget  Estimate

                                Table of Contents
DRINKING WATER

    ENFORCEMENT
          Drinking Mater Enforcement.....	DW-42
                                   DW-41

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to
                                                                mINKING  HATER

                                                          Drinking Uater  Enforcement
ACTUAL
1985

PROGRAM
Drinking Uater
Enforcement
Salaries * Expenses $1,120.7
TOTAL $1,120.7
TOTAL:
Salaries H Expenses $1,120.7
Drinking Hater TOTAL $1,120.7
Enforcement
PERMANENT MORKYEARS
Drinking I'ater 29.4
Enforcenent
TOTAL PERMANENT MORKYEARS 29.4
TOTAL WORKYEARS
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
19B6
{DOLLARS

$1,388.15
$1,388.5

$1,388.5
$1,388.5

30.3
30.3

ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

$1,251.9 -$53.8
$1,251.9 -$53.8

$1,251.9 -$53.8
$1,251.9 -$53. R

32.0
32.0

CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 19R7 VS 1986

i
$1,198.1 $1,248.3 $50.2
$1,198.1 $1,248.3 $50.2

$1,198.1 $1, 248.3 $50.2
$1,198.1 $1,248.3 $50.2

32.0 32.0
32.0 32.0

                Drinking Water
                Enforcenent

                TOTAL WORKYEARS
32.5        33.7       33.7


32.5        33.7   •   33.7
33.7       33.7


33.7       33.7

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                                   DRINKING WATER

                             Drinking Water Enforcement
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a  total  of $1,248,300 supported  by  33.7 total workyears
for 1987, an increase  of $50,200  and  no change in total workyears from  1986.  All
of the request will be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.  -


P rog ram Descript ion

     Drinking Water Enforcement— The program serves to ensure  national  compliance
by pub1ic  water "systems  (PMs)  and underground injection  control (DIG) operators
with the  requirements  of  the Safe Drinking  Water Act  (SDWA) in  both primacy and
non<-primacy States as well  as Indian  lands.  The program covers  compliance strategy
development, national policy and guidance development, technical  support for judi-
cial enforcement actions, and  administrative aspects of the  UIC permit  determination
process.  In the PWS Regional  enforcement program, technical  support is  provided  in
legal  actions  against  violators of the Primary Drinking Water Regulations in non-
primacy State  jurisdictions.   In  addition,  the Regions,  with  State involvement,
prepare documentation for enforcement  actions relating to recalcitrant violators  in
primacy States.  The PWS  enforcement  activity also  encompasses  review of State
primacy programs for compliance with  newly promulgated regulations.

     The Regional  UIC  enforcement program  ensures compliance with the  underground
injection control  regulations primarily  in non-primacy  States and on  Indian lands.
Enforcement actions  are initiated against  recalcitrant  violators  in primacy States
when appropriate.  The UIC  enforcement program is also responsible for  the admin-
istrative aspects  of the UIC permit   issuance  as well  as the review   of  primacy
applications.


PRINKING WATER E NFORCEMENT

1987 Prpgram Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $1,248,300 supported  by  33.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of  $50,200 and no change in total workyears.  The in-
crease reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of the government-wide  deficit
reductions.

     Regional PWS  enforcement  activities  involve  enforcing  the drinking  water
standards in non-primacy States and on Indian lands for which EPA  has  direct imple-
mentation responsibilities.   Regions  will also pursue selective  enforcement  actions
in primacy  States  which  are  unwilling  or  unable  to take direct  action  against
violators.  In the past,  for  a variety  of reasons,  many States  have not actively
pursued enforcement against  violators of  the SDWA.   Selected EPA  enforcement  actions
will reinforce EPA's intention to  enforce the SDWA,   Notices of violation and formal
enforcement actions  will  be  developed  for  Department of  Justice  (DOJ) referral
against violators of the microbiological and chemical  maximum contaminant  levels.
Case documentation  will  be prepared  in coordination  with the Regional Counsels'
offices to assure appropriate and  accurate documentation.   Continued support will
be provided to address the prior year civil referrals already at DOO,

     Permitting is the cornerstone of  the  UIC regulatory program: it provides the
means to  protect underground  sources  of drinking water most efficiently by taking
into account site specific  circumstances while managing the  controlled  disposal  of
hazardous wastes  and  other  substances.   Consulting  UIC technical  personnel, the
Regional enforcement  staff  will  process the permit  applications and perform the
administrative activities such  as setting  up pre-application conferences, public


                                       DW-43

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hearings and review of  public comments associated with permit issuance.   The techni-
cal review  of permit  applications is  provided  under  the  Regional  UIC  program.
Priorities for issuing  UIC  permits are  consistent with  those identified  for  the
technical program.  The Regional  enforcement staff will  issue permit determinations
on 624 applications.

     Monitoring of  compliance  with UIC permit conditions will  gradually  increase.
The phase-in  of  permitting and  other program  responsibilities,  coupled  with  the
expanded field presence in the  EPA  administered UIC  program, will generate a growing
enforcement workload.  There will  be a certain  number of permit denials,  eliciting
appeals and closures of on-going operations where necessary.  Failures  by  operators
to apply, test, or report  will  all  require action to obtain compliance,   the Regions
will selectively prepare litigation reports  and affidavits, conduct on-site investi-
gations, and  review  files and  records  in preparation for court  referrals, provide
court testimony, follow-up on court orders, assist courts in  penalty determinations,
and track consent decrees.

     At the national level,  continued oversight and monitoring of enforcement action
in both the PWS and UIC programs will  be coordinated with the Office of Enforcement
and Compliance Monitoring  (OECM).  The  PWS Compliance  Strategy will undergo substan-
tial revision to reflect the added  responsibilities  for compliance with  new contami-
nant standards and  treatment  technology  requirements.   Focus  on compliance  with
chemical and radiation  standards  will require reassessment of enforcement priorities
which currently  emphasize microbiological  compliance.   Emerging UIC  enforcement
cases will  be reviewed to ensure  national  consistency on  interpreting  regulatory
requirements and  to  determine  areas   where  additional   guidance  is  necessary.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is allocating  a total  of  $1,198,100  supported by  33.7
total workyears  for the program,  all   of  which is  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.

     At the Headquarters  level,  procedures  for processing UIC permit  appeals  will
be developed as well  as  guidance on  loss of authorization and other issues identified
as implementation of the UIC regulatory programs proceed.

     Regional PWS  enforcement  activities   continue  to  focus  on  compliance  and
enforcement against persistent  and  recalcitrant violators  in non-primacy States and
Indian lands  while  continuing  to  support  referrals  at DOJ  from prior years.   As
part of  this  effort compliance  targets  and  schedules  are  being negotiated  with
systems in  violation of MCLs and technical  support in preparing case documentation
and testimony is  being  provided.  Enforcement actions  against recalcitrant violators
in primacy  States  are   being Initiated with State  input, as part  of  the Agency's
compliance and enforcement policies.

     While UIC permit  issuance continues to  be a  high priority, the  Regions  are
beginning to  act against  owners/operators  in  violation  of  the UIC  regulations.
Currently, this  activity  concentrates on  violations  in  non-primacy  States  and
Indian lands.  The  Regions  are reviewing  compliance  reports,  inspection  data,  and
mechanical integrity test (MIT)  information to determine when  enforcement actions
should be initiated.  They  are issuing letters of  violation  to any Class  II  or V
injection well  for   failure to submit  inventory  information  and a timely  permit
application and for failure to  comply  with a request for Information.


1985Acconglishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a  total of  $1,120,700 supported by 32.5  total
workyears for  this   program,  all  of   which was  from  the   Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation.
                                       DW-44

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     To improve compliance among small  systems  with the  microbiological  and turbi-
dity MCLs,  the enforcement  and  technical  staffs  worked together  in negotiating
compliance targets and schedules with systems in violation  of  MCLs.   They  provided
support for the 21 civil actions referred to the  Office of Enforcement and  Compliance
Monitoring by developing  supporting documentation  and providing expert  testimony.

     Regional UIC enforcement activities  continued  to focus on the  administrative
aspects of  permit issuance in non-primacy  jurisdictions,  including  Indian lands,
They conducted  administrative reviews  of  permit   applications*  worked  with the
program staff in the review of the technical aspects of the permit, conducted public
hearings as  necessary,  issued the final  permit, and in  a  few  instances processed
permit appeals.
                                       DW-45

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Hazardous Waste
      SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents

                                                                            Page


HAZARDOUS WASTE                                                             HW-1

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Hazardous Waste Research	 HW-8
          Scientific Assessment.	......	HW-16
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	 HW-17
          Health Effects.	,	HW-1 8
          Environmental  Engineering and Technology.	 HW-18
          Environmental  Processes and Effects..	, HW-19
          Integrated Hazardous Waste Research.....	HW-20
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies..	HW-23
          Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste	 HW-25
          RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Air & Radiation	HW-28
          RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Water	 HW-29
       Fi nanci al Assi stance.«	HW-31
          Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States	 HW-32
          Hazardous Waste Management Compliance Grants..................... HW-34
          Hazardous Waste Management Initiative Grants	.	 HW-35
          Underground Storage Tanks State Grants	HW-35
       Waste Management Strategies Implementation.............	 HW-36
          Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation.. HW-38
  ; ENFORCEMENT
       Hazardous Waste Enforcement	HW-42
                                   HW-1

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APPROPRIATION
                                                              HAZARDOUS WASTE
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986'
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987 .
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
198? VS 1986
                                                   (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
 Salaries 8 Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
 Research & Development

TOTAL, Hazardous Waste
 $52,544.7   $61.435.7    $63,315.7
$109,860.5  $140,292.0   $145,342.0

 $31,670.4   $35,626.1    $39,886.7

$194,075.6  $237,353.8   $248,544.4
 -$2,722.3    $60,593.4   $66,175.2    $5,581.8
 -$6,249.5   $139,092.5  $153,692.0   $14,599.5

 -$1,715.0    $38,171.7   $36,369.0   -$1,802.7

-$10,686.8   $237,857,6  $256,236.2   $18,378.6
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
   1,045.2     1,217.9      1,284.5                   1,284.5     1,301,3        16.8
   1,176.2     1,367.9      1,442.5                   1,442.5     1,462.3        19.8
$150,793.3  $197,408.7   $214,677.5    -$5,595.5   $209,082.0  $239,991.5   $30,909.5
The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 reauthorized this program at a level
of $232,246.0 for 1985S $252,408.3 for 1986 and $248,529.0 for 1987.

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                             HAZARDOUS WASTE


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY

     The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), as revised by the Hazardous
and Solid Waste  Amendments (HSWA)  of 1984, provides  the legislative mandate  for
a nationwide program to  manage  hazardous  wastes from  generation  through  disposal.
Much remains to  he  accomplished  in  protecting  human health  and the environment
from current hazardous waste  management practices.   Numerous  wastes are  not  ade-
quately regulated,  and  many  facilities  are  not  in  compliance  with  regulatory
standards.  In addition,  many facilities  have  solid  waste  management units  that
were previously unregulated but  which now  must  be addressed to  protect  the human
health and  the  environment.   Some  States  lack  the legal  authority,  technical
skills, or resources to take timely and appropriate enforcement action.  To address
these problems, the  Agency has  developed a  strategy  which encompasses  five major
objectives.  These are to  (1) implement strong  State  programs;  (2)  improve permit-
ting performance; (3) strengthen compliance monitoring and enforcement; (4) develop
new and review  existing  regulations; and  (5)  conduct research and  development  to
support regulatory  programs.    The  1987  request   for  hazardous  waste  includes
sufficient resources to carry out these objectives.


Imp! ement Strong State Programs

     The effective management of hazardous wastes is dependent on  a strong Federal/
State partnership.  The  Agency  will  continue to help States assume  full  authori-
zation by providing  direct program  assistance,  training, guidance,  and  financial
support.  In  addition,  the  Agency  will  assist  the States  in  upgrading their
program capabilities  to   meet new  and  modified  Federal standards.   The  Agency
and the States  will  continue to  operate  within  the  Interim National  Criteria.
These criteria define  the  key  factors and  performance  expectations  formanaging
and evaluating the RCRA program.

     States will  continue to  develop  schedules  for revisions  which incorporate the
1984 Amendments.   The  Agency  and the States will   jointly examine  existing State
statutory and  regulatory  authorities to  determine   what amendments  are  needed.
The schedule for incorporating the 1984 Amendments  and for achieving the  subsequent
authorization will be  developed.  The Agency will  provide grant  bonuses  as incen-
tives to States that more rapidly become authorized for HSWA  provisions.

Improve Permitting Performance

     A major  objective  of the  permit program  is to permit  all  operating  land
disposal facilities  by  1988  and  all  incineration  facilities  by  the end  of 1989,
both of which are statutory deadlines.

     Permitting activities  are   significantly   affected   by  the  1984  Amendments,
resulting in  a  more  extensive  permit  processing  program.   Permits issued after
November 8,  1984  must  incorporate ;1984 Amendment  provisions  (e.g.,  double liners,
corrective action for  prior releases, and  exposure  assessments)  when  applicable.
Submission and review  of information related to the  1984 Amendments  will -add  time
to the  permitting process.   Not  only  will the length  of the  permit process  be
extended, but the  additional  requirements  also entail   more  extensive  effort  on
each permit, particularly  regarding  corrective action  of  releases from solid waste
management units.   HSWA  has  also  caused  a significant  number  of  land  disposal
facilities to close, generating  an  increasing  closure plan review  workload  in the
Regions and States.

     The Agency and the  States  will  jointly process  and issue permits.  Authorized
States will  Issue the  portions  of  a  RCRA permit that  -include  pre-HSWA program
requirements and  any  HSWA  provisions  for which they  are authorized.  The Agency
will be responsible  for  preparing those  portions  of  the permit  that  include  HSWA
provisions for  which  a   State   is   not   authorized.   Implementation  of  facility
management planning  will  be  a  priority  in 1987.  A  strategy to  bring  each major
facility into compliance with all applicable requirements will be  developed through
planning and coordination between Regions and States.

                                      HW-3

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Strengthen Cpmpl1ariice Monitoring And Enforcement

     The program will continue to emphasize compliance at land disposal  facilities.
The 1984 Amendments  required  interim  status  land disposal  facilities  to  certify
the compliance of their units with  ground  water monitoring  and financial  responsi-
bility requirements and submit  a permit application by  November  1985.   Facilities
which did not meet these  requirements  lost interim status for those units  and  are
required to close  them.   Many facilities did  not  retain interim  status.   Inspec-
tions and appropriate enforcement actions will  be  made at these  facilities  as  well
as at facilities that continue to operate.

     Corrective action  measures are   another   major component   of the  program.
Corrective action  authorities provided  under HSWA will  be  employed at  facilities
to investigate  and  remediate  releases  and  off  boundary  contamination  that  may
threaten human  health  and the  environment.   Extensive  use  of these  authorities
will be used  at  facilities where releases have been  identified or are  suspected.

     The 1984 Amendments  mandate the   annual  inspection   of Federal,  State,  and
local government owned  or operated  facilities.  Annual   inspections at   all  land
disposal  facilities  will  also   be made.   Incineration  and   storage/treatment
facilities will  be inspected  at least once  every two years.

     The RCRA   enforcement  program will   initiate  appropriate   administrative,
civil, and  criminal   enforcement  actions when   violations of   hazardous   waste
management  requirements  are discovered.  The  program  will  continue to  emphasize
timely and appropriate  enforcement  action  for  non-compliance, especially  those
that pertain to  ground  water  and inadequate permit applications.   The  implementa-
tion of the RCRA Ground Water Monitoring  Technical   Enforcement   Guidance and the
Enforcement Response and Civil Penalty Policies will  ultimately lead to  significant
improvements in the rate of compliance with the RCRA program.

     Under the  1984  Amendments,  the  number   of handlers  subject  to the   RCRA
regulations  has   greatly  expanded, due  to the   regulation of   small   quantity
generators  and  underground   storage  tanks.  Outreach and   compliance   activities
especially designed for these handlers, many  of whom  are   small  businesses,  will
be undertaken.

Develop New and Revise Existing Regulations

      The most  challenging  provisions  of the   1984  Amendments are those  that  ban
or restrict the disposal of hazardous waste  on  land.  The  1984 Amendments   promote
a shift  toward recycling, reducing wastes  generated,  and using  more sophisticated
treatment  and destruction  techniques.  The Agency will  restrict the land  disposal
of certain hazardous wastes to protect ground water and air.

     The  major  issues facing  the hazardous  waste  management  program   will   he
addressed  by a  coordinated  Agency  effort to  move  towards greater reliance upon
risk-based decisions.  These issues  include  corrective   action policies, a  compre-
hensive  listing and  delisting  strategy,  and   the development  of risk-based  site
specific decisions regarding petitions to land disposal  restrictions.

      The 1984 Amendments  greatly increase the  scope  of  activities to be  regulated
under the hazardous  waste management program.  The Agency  will continue to  close
gaps in the  regulatory  framework by  conducting public education  programs  for  the
expanded regulated community  of  over  100,000  small quantity  generators,  continue
to bring additional wastes under regulation,  and provide expanded  closure  and post
closure regulations  as  well   as  regulations  for  corrective  action where  needed.
In support  of efforts  to  protect  ground  water,  the  Agency will  revise  Appendix
VIII ground water monitoring provisions and alternate  concentration levels.

     Of great  significance is  the  fact  that  the 1984 Amendments apply to  the
underground storage of products  as  well  as wastes.  A regulatory  strategy  will  be
developed for over a million underground storage tanks which contain petroleum pro-
ducts and  hazardous  substances.   Over  the  short  term,  the  Agency will  develop
                                      HW-4

-------
 guidance, conduct economic  analyses,  and establish  a  notification and compliance
 program.  Over the longer term,  the Agency will issue regulations providing stand-
 ards for new tanks, develop methods  for leak detection  and corrective actions for
 releases, and design effective enforcement strategies.

       Other major activities include developing  regulations  for controlling toxic
 air emissions  at hazardous   waste treatment,  storage,   and  disposal facilities;
 determining  whether  deep well   injection of  hazardous  wastes  is   sufficiently
 protective of human  health and  the environment; developing criteria for reviewing
-requests for exemption from requirements to retrofit  surface  impoundments; develop-
 ing regulations for hazardous  waste burned as  fuel  and  for managing used oil; and
 studying Section 8002 large volume  wastes.

       The 1984 Amendments  include  minimum technology -requirements which establish
 major changes in  the  way hazardous waste  is disposed.   Land disposal regulations
 will reflect requirements to  install double  liner  and  leachate collection and re-
 moval systems as  well as  to ban the placement of bulk liquid hazardous waste into
 landfill  facilities.   Similarly, the  Agency  will  examine  the  nature and extent
 of the  hazardous  waste   problem   at  Subtitle D facilities and  revise  existing
 criteria, if appropriate.


 r.onduct Research And Development To Support Regulatory program

       The 1987  research  and  development  program   will   develop   scientific  and
 technical information to  support  regulatory initiatives.   Major  thrusts  include
 development of generic  analytical  methods to identify  hazardous wastes and stand-
 ardization of subsurface monitoring methods  for more reliable groundwater monitor-
 ing.  Alternatives to conventional  means of disposing and  destroying wastes will
 continue to  he  evaluated  and additional  risk assessments  will  be  performed  to
 support listing and waste banning decisions.   Engineering  and  monitoring studies
 will support  development   of  methods  to  improve  the  installation,  design,  and
 monitoring of underground storage tanks,


 Outputs Ref1ect Shifting Workload

      The estimated outputs for the  hazardous  waste  program in 1986  and  1987 reflect
 increases in enforcement activities, with much of this due to the emphasis on com-
 pliance and corrective  action at land disposal facilities.  The decreases for reg-
 ulatory activities reflect completion of some  efforts and a  shift  toward implemen-
 tation guidance work.   Also,  several  of  the remaining  regulatory efforts in 1987
 are the most complex  and  resource  intensive, such  as land banning and underground
 storage tanks.  The implementation  outputs show a decrease in the number of states
 receiving full authorization  for  pre-HSWA due to  all  participating  States being
 authorized in  1986.   Additionally, the permitting  final determinations  are de-
 creasing to  reflect  the  large  number  of facilities that  are  no longer seeking
 operating permits and had closure plans approved in  1986.
                                       HW-5

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* Includes both EPA and States.
NOTE:  All outputs are incremental  except as indicated.
                                  HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                   Budget     Current                Increase (+)
                        Actual     Estimate    Estimate    Estimate   Decrease (-)
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES       1985       1986        1986        1987     1987 vs. 1986
 Regulations and Guidance
  RCRA Standards:            11        20         38           28         -10
   Proposals.............     9"       "T7        ~2T          ~~TT         "-Iff
   Promulgations.........     V         8         17           17
  Section 3001  Listings:     11        17         23           18          -5
   Proposals	   T         £        ~T2~            S"         ~3j
   Promulgations	     2         9         11           12          +1
  Implementation
  Guidances,	    20        31         29           38          +9
  Reports to Congress....     22          6            4          -2
 Imp] mentation
  State Authorization:
    Full	    22        17         25            0         -25
    Full (Cumulative)....    26        52         51           51           0
  Permit Call-ins*.....,.   679       —        150          800        +650
         (Cumulative)*... 4,067     3,942      4,349        5,149        +800
  Final Determinations*..   298       502        922          830         -92
         (Cumulative)*... 1,585     1,438      2,507        3,337        +830
 Enforcement Actions*
  Inspections.	 16,098    11,834     10,125       10,480        +355
  Administrative Orders.. 1,624     3,022      2,690        2,7*2         +52
  Civil Litigation.	   149       215        257          286         +29
  Criminal Litigation....    82        35         83           83           0
  Corrective Action
  Preliminary
  Investigations	   —       —        683          886        +203
                                     HW-6

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
HAZARDOUS WASTE

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Hazardous Waste Research	 HW-8
          Scientific Assessment...	 HW-16
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance.	 HW-1 7
          Health Effects	...	,.....,	 HW-18
          Environmental Engineering and Technology...................	HW-18
          Environmental Processes and Effects	 HW-1 9
          Integrated Hazardous Waste Research...	HW-20
                                    HW-7

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PROGRAM
                                                HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                           Hazardous Waste Research
ACTUAL
19R5
BIH1GET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIF1ATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Hazardous Waste
  Salaries & Expenses
  Research & Development
                        TOTAL
Monitoring Systems R
Quality Assurance -
Hazardous Haste
  Salaries £ Expenses
  Research & Development
                        TOTAL
Health Effects -
Hazardous Haste
  Salaries * Expenses
  Research & Development
                        TOTAL

Environmental
Engineering ^
Technology - Hazardous
Waste
  , Salaries 4 Expenses
   Research ft Development
                        TOTAL
 $1,107.8
 $2,189.2
 $3,297.0
 $4,127.6
 $6,706.0
$10,833.6
   $781.3
   $995.6
 $1,776.9
 $5,353.0
$16,100.9
$21,453.9
 $1,199.9   $1,199.9
 $1,633.8   $2,731.8
 $2,833.7   $3,931.7
 $3,826.0   $3,825.6
$11,917.8  $11,705.3
$15,743.8  $15,530.9
   $849.4     $889.2
   $937.3   $1,132.0
 $1,786.7   $2,021,2
 $5,227.5   $5,102.1
$15,597.9  $15,622.2
$20,825.4  $20,724.3
 -$51.5    $1,148.4   $1,331,5
-$117.5    $2,614.3   $3,062.0
-$169.0    $3,762.7   $4,393.5
-$164.5    $3,661.1   $3,635.8
-$503.3   $11,202.0  $11,203.0
-$667.8   $14,863.1  $14,838.8
 -$38.2      $851.0     $652.1
 -148.6    $1,083.4   $1,756.0
 -$86.8    $1,934.4   $2,408.1
-$219.4    $4,882.7
-$671.7   $14,950.5
-$891.1   $19,833.2
 $5,429.1
$13,808.0
$19,237.1
               $183.1
               $447.7
               $630.8
               -$25.3
                 $1.0
               -$24.3
              -$198.9
               $672.6
               $473.7
   $546.4
-$1,142,5
   $596.1

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                                                HAZARDOUS HASTE

                                           Hazardous Waste Research
ACTUAL
1985

Environmental Processes
X Effects - Hazardous
Waste
Salaries ft Expenses
Research A Development
TOTAL
Integrated Hazardous
Waste Research
Research S Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries A Expenses
Research ^ Development

$3
*4
$8
$1
$1
$14
$31

,513.2
,572.9
,086.1
,105.3
,105.8
,882.9
,670.4
BUDfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
^DOLLARS
$3,209.9
$5,539.3
$8,749.2

$14,312.7
$35,626.1
ENACTED
1986
IN THOU-SANRS)
$3,258.6
$6,195.4
$9,454.0
$2,500.0
$2,500.0
$14,275.4
$39,886.7
BALANCED
BUDfiET
REDUCTION

-$140.0
-$266.4
-$406.4
-$107.5
-$107.5
-$613.6
-$1,715.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986

$3,118.6
$5,929.0
$9,047.6
$2,392.5
$2,392,5
$13,661.8
$38,171.7
ESTIMATE
1987

$3
$6
$9

$14
$36

,157
,540
,697

,206
,369

.5
.0
.5

.0
.0
INCREASE
DECREASE
1987 VS

$38,9
$611.0
$649.9
-$2,392.5
-$2,392.5
$544.2
-$1,802.7
•f
1986




Hazardous Haste
Research
TOTAL  $46,553.3   $49,938.8  $54,162.1   -$2,328.6   $51,833.5   $50,575.0  -$1,258.5
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Hazardous Waste

Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance -
Hazardous Waste

Health Effects -
Hazardous Haste
            18.6
            35.9
             6.0
17.5
40.5
12.0
18.0
40.5
12.0
                                                           18.0
40.5
12.0
            22.0
                                                                       41.5
11.0
            4.0
                                                           i.n
                                                                                  -1.0

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                                                HA2ARFIOUS WASTE

                                           Hazardous Haste Research

                                  ACTUAL     RUOfiET     ENACTED    BALANCED
                                   1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET
                                              19B6                 REDUCTION
                                              CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                              ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
                                                1986               1987 VS 1986
Environmental
Engineering $
Technology - Hazardous
Waste

Environnental Processes
& Effects - Hazardous
Waste

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
        (DOLLARS IN  THOUSANDS)

>.7        83.4        87.9
 50.9
44,4
                     45.7
197.1      197.8      204.1
                                                87.9
45.7
                                   204.1
                                                87,9
46.7
                                                         209.1
1.0
                        5.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Hazardous Waste

Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance -
Hazardous Waste

Health Effects -
Hazardous Waste

Environmental
Engineering *
Technolocy - Hazardous
 Waste
 23.6       22.5
 40.2
  6.9
47,5
12.0
101.4      101.2
           22.5
                     47.5
                     12.0
           99.9
22.5
47.5
12.0
99.9
24.5
48.5
12.0
99.9
2.0
1.0



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                                                 HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                            Hazardous Haste Research

                                   ACTUAL     BUDGET     F.NACTF.O    BALANCED     CURRENT     ESTIMATE    INCREASE +
                                    1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET      ESTIMATE      1987      DECREASE -
                                               1986                 REDUCTION       1986                1987 VS 1986

                                             (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
& Effects - Hazardous
Waste
 57.4
 58.1
 58.1
 58.1
 51R.1
TOTAL WORI'.YEARS
229.5
241.3
•240,0
240.0
243.0
3.0

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                                  HAZARDOUS WASTE
                              Hazardous Waste Research
                           Principal Outputs by Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SS3SRSS3SS38»KXS3:S3SSSK
Objective 1:  Develop Data tp_. Support.. th.ftJJse.gf. Alternatjve L
o  Manual on  Field Applications  of Alternative Methods  Applicable to High Hazard
   Wastes (Env. Technology)
Objective 2:  Develop and Evaluate Tests and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assess-
ments
o  Screening methods  for detecting  mutagenesis and carcinogenesis  in  RCRA wastes
   (Health)
Objective  3:    Conduct  the  Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address
PI 0X1 n      '                        !     .              ''         ''
o  Report  on bioac cumulation  of TCDD   in  large  animals  from  contaminated  soils
   (Env. Processes)
Objective 4-  Develop Procedures to  Identify arid Measure Chemicals  in Wastes
o  Report on the quality of Subtitle D monitoring  data (Monitoring)
o  Report on the use of generic GC/MS analytical methods  (Monitoring)
Objective 5: PeysJ^ogJPata^tp^ jujBf>oj$lJtn!p^|^g|i^^On_ °fjtne Land Disposal Regulations
o  Expert  system  for permitting  of  land  disposal  facilities  (Env. Technology)
Objecti ye 6 ; Devel op Data to Support Imp! ementati on of the Inci nerat 1 on Regul at 1 ons
o  Report  on the  thermal  destruction  requirements  of  dioxin-contaminated wastes
   (Env. Technology)
Objective 7:  Provide Quality Assurance Support to the Hazardous Waste Program
o  Assessment of  Q/A  guidance  for measuring pollution  in ground water (Monitoring)
Objective 8;  Develop Procedures to Prevent  and Contain  Hazardous Releases
o  Report on geophysical and geochemical techniques for  UST monitoring (Monitoring)
o  Report  on  non-destructive  techniques  for  locating  subsurface  residuals  and
   chemical containers (Env. Technology)

1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
ss3js»5saa:)saxssas3»3ssaasa»
Objective 1:  Develop Data to Support the Use of Alternatiye Technologies
o  Reports  on  effectiveness  of  alternative  treatments for  banned  wastes (Env,
   Technology)
                                       HW-12

-------
pbjective 2:  Developand Evaluate Tests and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assess--
mentis
o  Report on in-vivo/ln-vitro multidisciplinary screen for evaluating wastes (Health)
Objective  3;    Conduct  theAssessment and Control ResearchNecessary to Address
tiioxin
o  Interim report on field evaluations of the ability of APEG to destroy dioxins in
   soils (Env. Technology)
Objective 4:  Develop Procedures to Identify and Measure Chemicals In Hastes
o  Report on the use of  borehole  geophysics  for ground water monitoring (Monitoring)
Objective 5: Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Land Disposal Regulations
o  Report on updated  design  information on clay  landfill  liners  (Env. Technology)
Obj.e.ctiye 6: Devel op Data to Support Imp! ementati on of the Inci aeration Regulati ons
o  Reports  on  incinerator  and  industrial  boiler  operating parameters to  ensure
   waste destruction (Env. Technology)
Objective7:  Provide Quality Assurance Support to the Hazardous Haste Program
o  Report on externalization of the Repository Program (Monitoring)
Objective8;  Develop ProcedurestoPreventandContainHazardous Wastes
o  Report on physical principles and  basic  monitoring methods for UST (Monitoring)

1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
tt«:»SEaaK=t*3»3sa3*tt«ss5
Objective 1;  Develop Data to Support the Use of Alternative Technologies
o  Report  on  innovative  removal   methods  for  heavy  metals  (Env.  Technology)
Objective 2;  Develop and Evaluate Tests and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assess-
ments
o  Preparation  of  94 Health  and  Environmental  Effects  Profiles  (Sci. Assessment)
o  Standardized system to evaluate ground water pollution potential (Env. Processes)
Objective  3;    Conduct  theAssessmentandControl Research Necessary to Address
DTgxffi
o  Interim  Report on  Dioxin Emissions  from  Industrial  Boilers  (Env. Technology)
o  Report on the mobility of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in soils (Env. Processes)
Objective 4:  Develop Procedures to Identify and Measure Chemicalsin Hastes
o  Report on ground water monitoring using optical fibers and optrodes (Monitoring)
Objective 5;. Develop Data to Support^^mpjementation of the Land Disposal^Regulations
o  Report  on  the  status  of  underground   storage  of  wastes   (Env.  Technology)
                                       HW-13

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Objective 6;  Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Incineration Regu^atjonis
o  Report on the performance of eight full scale incinerators (Env. Technology)
Objective 7:  Provide Quality AssuranceSupport totheHazardous Uaste Program
o  Report on the hazardous waste bank materials (Monitoring)
o  Report on development of standard reference materials (Monitoring)
Objective 8:  Develop Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Wastes
o  Summary report on remote sensing for hazardous spills (Monitoring)
o  Report on the design of hazardous leakage controls (Env. Technology)
                                       HW-14

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                                  HAZARDOUS WASTE


                              Hazardous Waste Research


Budget Request

     The Agency requests a total  of  $50,575,000  supported  by 243.0 total  workyears
for 1987,  a  decrease  of  $1,258,500 and  an  increase  of  3.0 total  workyears from
1986.  Of the request, $14,206,000 will.be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and  $36,369,000 will  be  for the  Research  and Development  appropriation,  an
increase of $544,200 and a decrease of $1,802,700, respectively.
     The Resource  Conservation  and  Recovery  Act  (RCRA)  authorizes  a  regulatory
program to  identify  those wastes  which  pose a substantial  hazard  to human health
or the  environment,  and  management  standards sufficient  to  prevent  such  harm.
Research in this  program  provides  the scientific  and engineering basis  for  char-
acterizing and determining the extent of the problems and for formulating controls.

     Objective 1;    Develop  Data  to Support the Use of Alternative Technologies.
Re se arch supporting  this   objective  fs  being  used  Tn  implementing  the  portions
of RCRA that  require the  banning  of high  hazard wastes from  land disposal.  The
effectiveness of  treatment  alternatives and  waste  altering  processes is  being
evaluated and performance parameters established.

     Objective  2;    Develop and Evaluate Tests an
-------
     Objective  8:    Develop Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Releases.
Research supporting this object1ve addresses  requireraents established  by the Clean
Water Act (CWA) and  RCRA's  Underground Storage Tank  (UST)  program.   Research sup-
porting these programs assesses the  most cost-effective technology  and  scientific
techniques available  to prevent  and  control  releases of hazardous  substances.


SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $4,393,500  supported   by  24.5 total  workyears
for this program, of which  $1,331,500  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,062,000  will  be  for  the  Research and  Development  appropriation.
This represents an increase of $183,100 and $447,700, respectively, and an increase
of 2.0 total workyears.   The  increase  in Salaries and Expenses reflects enhanced
support to the in-house research program.  The increase in  Research and Development
and workyears reflects the  need for  additional  support to  OSW in making permitting
and land banning decisions.

     Develop^andEvaluate  Tests  and Procedures for Conducting Risk Assessments.
AdditTohaT resources wi 11   support preparation  of  additional  Health  and Environ-
mental  Effects  Profiles  (HEEPs) and Alternate  Concentration  Levels  (ACLs)  needed
for listing decisions.   In  addition, many HEEPs need to be updated  to reflect new
health data developed since the original HEEPs were prepared.   Increased resources
will also provide additional  support  for banning and  permitting  decisions  and for
responding to public comments on proposed decisions.

     Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin. Expo-
sure and risk assessment methods  for dioxin and  similar compounds wil1 be advanced
through use of  new  scientific information.   Specific efforts will include refining
exposure methods to  account for atmospheric photolysis  rates  and  their effects on
soil concentrations and determining soil accumulation on skin and subsequent dermal
absorption.

     Develop  procedures  to  Prevent  and  Contain  Hazardous Releases.  Chemical-
speci?1Ic risk ^issessments wi 11  continue being developed to  support the Underground
Storage Tank (UST) program.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating a total  of  $3,762,700  supported  by 22.5
total workyears for  this program,  of   which  $1,148,400 is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $2,614,300  is from the  Research and  Development appro-
priation.  In  1986,  the  program  emphasizes  risk  assessment  studies to  support
permitting and  land banning decisions  by OSW.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a  total  of  $3,297,000  supported  by 23.6 total
workyears for this program,  of  which $1,107,800  was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,189,200  was  from  the Research and Development appropriation.
During 1985,  HEEPs  were  initiated  for  approximately 94 chemicals,  Acceptable
Daily Intake  (ADI)  verification  and development  were  initiated  for approximately
400 chemicals, and the risk analysis for dioxin-contaminated soil was completed and
a final report  sent to OSW.
                                       HW-16

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MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

1987 Program Request

    The Agency requests  a  total  of $14,838,800  supported  by 48.5 total  workyears
for this program, of which $3,635,800 will  be  for the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appro-
priation and $11,203,000 will  be for the  Research  and Development  appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $25,300 and  an increase  of $1,000,  respectively,  and
an increase  of 1,0 total  workyear.  The  overall  decrease  is  the  result  of  new
emphasis being placed  on  generic  approaches  to  validating  analytical  methods,
rather than the method-by-method approach emphasized formerly.

     Conduct  the  Assessment  and  Control  Research  Necessary to  Address Pi oxin.
Quid elihes for trace analysis  of additional non-2,3,7,8-TCDD dioxi ns  and dibenzo-
furans will be developed.  Following standardization and validation, these will  be
published and  incorporated  into contract  laboratories' protocols  for  analysis  of
dioxin-contaminated samples,

     Develop Pro^djres t^ I^ntify and Measure Chemicals  in Wastes.  Two new  activ-
i ties'" WIT wThTiTaYecr:   sWrnJardizatlon of subsurface monitoring methods for more
reliable ground  water  monitoring,  and  development   of  generic analytical methods
for publication by  OSW.  Research  in  previously initiated  areas will  continue  and
include validation  of  existing  analytical   methods,  development of  new analytical
methods and development and validation  of subsurface monitoring  methods.
     Provide  Quality  Assurance  Support .to^the^ Hazardous Waste Program.  Quality
assurance support to  the contrVctJlabFl"pi^bgTaffi"wfTl  continue  to be provided,  as
will referee laboratory  services.   Standard reference materials  will be  developed
for use in the materials repository, and quality control  and performance evaluation
samples will be distributed to contract laboratories.

     Develop Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous  Releases.   Development of
a real-time  sensor  for  gaseous mTssT6ns™"w;rn El  initiated I   This  will  detect
potential releases such  as the one  that  occurred  in  Bhopal ,  India.   UST  support
will encompass  evaluation of  geophysical  sensors  and  volatile organic  emission
sensors for detecting leaks of materials such as gasoline and benzene.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a  total  of  $14,863,100  supported  by 47.5
total workyears  for  this  program,   of  which   $3,661,100  is  from  the  Salaries
and Expenses  appropriation  and $11,202,000 is  from the  Research  and  Develop-
ment appropriation.   Resources in  1986 are  supporting  development  of new  field
monitoring methods for  use at  disposal sites,  validation  of  additional  analytical
methods and detection and monitoring of leaking underground storage tanks.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a total  of  $10,833,600  supported  by 40.2 work-
years for this  program,  of  which  $4,127,600  was  from  the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $6,706,000  was  from  the  Research  and  Development appropriation.
During 1985, four analytical  methods were  validated,  ground  water  monitoring with
fiber optics was  initially evaluated  and extensive  quality assurance  support  was
provided.
                                       HW-17

-------
HEALTH EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $2,408,100  supported  by 12.0 total  work years
for this program,  of which $652,100 will  be f.or the Salaries and  Expenses  appro-
priation and $1,756,000  will  be  for the  Research and  Development  appropriation.
This represents a  decrease  of  $198,900  and an increase  of  $672,600,  respectively,
and no change in total workyears.  The decrease in Salaries and Expenses and increase
in Research  and Development  reflect the  fact  that  validation  of  the  bioassay
screen will be conducted extramurally.

     Deyel OP and E vaj uate Prqcedu res f o r Conduct Ing Risk Assessments .    Development
of the  bioassay  screening protocol   for  determining  waste  toxicity will  continue.
Additional  resources will  support accelerated validation of  the screen's ability to
accurately represent human health endpoints.
     Conduct thg '„ Ajsgssron^ anj Control Research Necessary to Address Dipxi n . Addi-
t i on al r es o urces wYl 1 s up po rt  i h i t i at i on  of a program to dete rmi net he toxi ci ty of
dioxins and similar compounds.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  1s allocating  a total of $1,934,400 supported by 12.0 total
workyears for this  program,  of which  $851,000  is  from  the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and $1,083,400  is from  the Research and  Development  appropriation.
In 1986  this  activity   involves  accelerated efforts  to  validate  the  bioassay
screening protocol.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total of $1,776,900 supported by 6.9 workyears
for this program, of which $781,300 was from the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation
and $995,600 was  from the  Research  and Development appropriation.   Development of
individual biological health  effects  tests  of  wastes  for four  disease  endpoints
was completed in  1985.   These  endpoints  are general  toxicity,  genetic  toxicity,
reproduction toxicity and nervous  system toxicity.


ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AMD TECHNOLOGY

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of  $19,237,100 supported by  99.9 total  workyears
for this program, of which $5,429,100  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $13,808,000 will  be for  the Research and  Development  appropriation.
This represents an increase of $546,400 and a decrease of $1,142,500, respectively,
and no change in  total workyears.   The increase in Salaries  and  Expenses  reflects
enhanced support to  the  in-house  research  program.   The decrease in  Research  and
Development reflects  completion of  several  activities  supporting  OSW's  dioxin,
land disposal and incineration programs.

     Develop  Data  to Support the Use of Alternative Technologies.   This  program
will continue evaluating both  new and  exist ing  alternative treatment processes  for
wastes likely to be  banned from  land disposal.  Additional  resources will accelerate
the availability of  case  study results to support the Agency's land banning program.

     Conduct  the  Assessment  and  Control  Research  Necessary to Address Dioxin.
Research  will    continue  evaluating   the  sorption/desorption  character! sties  of
dioxin in contaminated soils.   Decreased  resources are being  sought  as a result of
completion of initial  research efforts  and the  fact that  alternative technology
assessments will  address many  of  the  technologies  initially  explored  in  this
program.
                                       HW-18

-------
     Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Land Disposal  Regulations.    Re-
search in this program  will  continue addressing  the  major issues associated  with
land disposal, including liners  and  cover performance, leachate  collection,  emis-
sions and the problems of small  generators.   Reduced  resources are being  Sought as
a result of  completion  of  several  research efforts addressing liners  and  landfill
placement.

     Develop Data to Support Implementation of the Incineration  Regulations.    Per-
formance tests will be  conducted by  incinerating  wastes at the  Combustion  Research
Facility to  determine  the  operating  conditions  necessary  for  waste  destruction.
Real-time methods  of  determining  incinerator compliance  with permits  will be  in-
vestigated, as will improved sampling techniques for monitoring  thermal  operations.
Reduced resources are being requested as a result  of completion  of earlier  research
efforts.

     Deyelpp  Procedures  to  Preventand Contain Hazardous  Releases.    Additional
resources7'are  being  requested  to  support  the  UST  program.   Planned  activities
include evaluations of  existing leak detection methods,  a  guidance manual on  the
use of non-destructive techniques for locating  buried  tanks, and  a  guidance manual
on tank release  prevention methods.   Research supporting  the Clean Water  Act  will
produce a manual  on  procedures  for  on-site treatment  of  high-strength  wastes,  and
on evaluation  of  containment,  removal  and dispersant  technologies for controlling
floating spilIs.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is allocating  a total  of  $19,833,200  supported by  99.9
total workyears  for  this program,  of  which  $4,882,700  is  from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $14,950,500 is  from  the  Research  and  Development  appro-
priation.  Activities in 1986 include several studies on  landfill  liners and  covers
and new evaluations  of  leak detection  equipment  in   support of  the  UST  program.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total  of $21,453,900 supported  by 101.4  total
workyears for this program, of which $5,353,000 was  from  the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and $16,100,900 was from the  Research  and Development  appropriation.
During 1985, the  performance of eight  full   scale  incinerators  was evaluated  and
reported on, as  was the use of innovative  extraction methods  for  removing  heavy
metals from wastes.  Dioxin emissions from industrial  boilers were reported  on, as
were various designs for controlling waste lagoon leakage.   Major evaluations  were
conducted regarding control technologies  for  dioxin-contaminated  wastes  and  soils.


ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a  total  of;$9,697,500  supported by 58.1 total  workyears
for this program,  of which $3,157,500 will  be for the Salaries  and Expenses  appro-
priation and $6,540,000 will  be for the  Research and Development  appropriation.
This represents increases  of $38,900 and $611,000, respectively.  The  increase in
Salaries and Expenses  reflects  adjustments to the  1986 base  as part  of government-
wide deficit  reductions.  The   increase  in  Research  and  Development  reflects  the
need for accelerated model  validation research to support  the land banning  program.
                                        Hw-19

-------
     Develop and Eyaluate Procedures for Conduct1ng RiskAssessments_.    Additional
resources wi 11  acceterate development of  multimedia  assessmehT models for predict-
ing potential   migration  of  wastes  from  land disposal  sites into  air,  soil  and
ground water,   and will  allow additional  validation  of ground  water  models  for
predicting the impacts of land disposal.   Quantitative structure-activity research
will also continue  developing a  validated method for predicting the toxicity  of
wastes and leachates.

     Conduct the Assessment and Control  Research Necessary toAddress Dioxin.   The
transport, fate and  degradation  of  2,3,7,8 and  other isomers will  continue being
assessed, as will  dioxin's  bioavailability  to  fish  from contaminated  sediments.
Comparative plant uptake rates will also be determined.

     Develop Data^^ to mSupport Implementation of the Land Disposal  Regulations. Eval-
uations of the"Tahcl" treatability  of wastes  and  of  specific soil  processes  wi 11
continue.  A field-scale evaluation  of  waste  treatability   will  be  conducted  to
assess the utility  of land treatment as  a disposal  option  and  a users  guide  for
making land treatment decisions will be produced.

     Deyelop Procedures to Prevent and CentalnHazardous Releases.   Development of
a ground water transport and fate model  for predictingconcentrations of materials,
including gasoline in ground  water,  will  be accelerated with additional  resources.
A validated bioassesstnent protocol for determining the bioavail ability and toxicity
of releases will also be developed.


1986 Program

     In 1986,   the  Agency is  allocating a total  of  $9,047,600  supported  by  58.1
total workyears  for  this program,  of  which  $3,118,600 is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $5,929,000 is  from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.  In  1986 the program includes accelerated model validation efforts needed
to support the land banning program.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the Agency obligated a total of  $8,086,100 supported  by  57.4 work-
years for this  program,  of which  $3,513,200  was from the   Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and $4,572,900  was from the Research  and Development appropriation.
During 1985, a  report  was  issued  on field verification of  the  use of microcosms,
as was a report on the mobility of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in soils.


INTEGRATED HAZARDOUS HASTE RESEARCH

1987 Program Reguest

     The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1987.


1986program

     In 1986,  the Agency is allocating a total of  $2,392,500 supported  by no work-
years for this  program,  all  of  which is  from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.  The Agency is currently  working with  Tufts University on development of
a comprehensive  research program to  address a wide variety  of research  as well  as
public policy  issues.  This  research program  is  intended'to  address such  issues as
alternative technologies  applications,   land   disposal  practices,  common  public
perceptions associated with disposal  facilities and  development  of  programs  for
public education.
                                        HW-20

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1985 Accomp11shments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  a total  of $1,105,800  for this program  from
the Research and Development appropriation.  These resources were used to establish
and staff  a  Center  for  Environmental  Management;  develop  a  comprehensive  plan
addressing research, policy  and  education  needs  in  the hazardous waste  area;  and
initiate six  health  research projects, three policy projects,  and  two  technology
projects.
                                       HW-21

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
HAZARDOUS WASTE

    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies..	 HW-23
          Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste	 HW-25
          RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Air & Radiation	 HW-28
          RCRA Regulatory Program - Office of Water	 HW-29
       Fi nanci al  Assi stance	 HW-31
          Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States........ HW-32
          Hazardous Waste Management Compliance Grants...	 HW-34
          Hazardous Waste Management Initiative Grants	 HW-35
          Underground Storage Tanks State Grants	HW-35
       Waste Management Strategies Implementation....	 HW-36
          Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation.. HW-38
                                    HW-22

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                PROGRAM
                                                                HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                              Haste Management Regulations, Guidelines X Policies
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
19«6
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
10
Regulations, Guidelines
& Policies-Hazardous
Waste
  Salaries 8 Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
RCRA Pegulatory Program
- Office of Air and
Radiation
  Salaries ft Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
                                               $12,617.9   $15,954.5  $16,492.3
                                               $45,777.1   $54,191.n  $54,491.0
                                                                    -$709.2   $15,783.1  $1B,791.1     $3,008.0
                                                                   -$2,342.8   $52,148.2  $56,691.0     $4,542.8
                                        TOTAL  $58,395.0   $70,145.5  $7089R3.3   -$3,052.0   $67S931.3  $75,482.1    $7,550.8
                RCRA Pegulatory Program
                - Office of Hater
                  Salaries %. Expenses
                  Abatement Control  and
                  Compliance
                TOTAL:
                  Salaries \ Expenses
                  Abatement Control  and
                  Compliance

                Waste Management
                Regulation-;,
                Guidelines * Policies
                                                  $245.5      $357.7     $736.7      -$31.6
                                                $1,664.5    $2,765.0   $2,765.0     -$118.9
                                                                                  $705.1      $575.7
                                                                                $2,646.1    $3,265.0
                                        TOTAL   .n.910.0    $3,122.7   $3,501.7     -$150.5    $3,351.2   $3,840.7
                                   157.0      $604.4     $869.1      -$37.4      $831.7    $2,633.8
                                $1,000.0    $5,100.0   $5,100.0     -$219.3    $4,880.7    $6,000.0
                               $12,920.4   $16,916.6  $18,098.1
                               $48,441.fi   $62,056.0   62,356.0
-$129.4
 $618.9

 $489.5
                                                                                                       $1,802.1
                                                                                                       $1,119.3
                                        TOTAL   $1,057.0    $5,704.4   $5,969.1     -$256.7    $5,712.4   $8,633.8     $2S921.4
                                                                    -$778.2    $17,319.9   $22,000.6     $4,680.7
                                                                   -$2,681.0    $59,675.0   $65,956.0     $6,281.0
                        TOTAL  $61,362.0   <$78,<»72.6  $80,454.1   -$3,459.2    $76,994.9  $87,956.6    $10,961.7

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                                                HAZARDOUS WASTE

                              Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines ft Policies

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT     ESTIMATE    INCREASE  +
                                   19R5     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE      1987      DECREASE  -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION     1986                1987  VS  1986

PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Regulations, Guidelines
& Policies-Hazardous
Waste
RCRA Regulatory Program
- Office of Air and
Radiation
RCRA Regulatory Program
- Office of Hater
TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
(HOLLARS

234.2 270.4
5.6 8.0
1.4 11.9
241.2 290.3
IN THOUSANDS)

284.4
19.0
16.9
320.3


284.4 279,2 -5.2
19.0 13.0 -6.0
16.9 60.0 43.1
320.3 352.2 31.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Regulaliens, Guirtelines
& Policies-Hazardous
Waste

RCRA Regulatory Program
-.Office of Air and
Radiation

RCRA Regulatory Program
- Office of Water
263.3      303.5
  5.6
  1.4
 8.0
11.9
           317.5
19.0
16.9
                       317.5      313.5
19.0
16.9
13.0
62.9
                       -4.0
                                                                       -6.0
46.0
TOTAL UORI'YEARS
270.3      323.4
                                                         353.4
                                   353.4      389.4
                                               36.0

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                                  HAZARDOUS WASTE


               Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines,  and Policies


Budget Request

     The Agency requests a total of $87,956,600  supported  by  389.4  total  workyears
for 1987, an  increase of  $10,961,700 and  36  total workyears  over 1986.  Of  the
request, $22,000,600  will  be   for  the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation  and
$65,956,000 will  be  for  the   Abatement,   Control  and  Compliance  appropriation,
increases nf $4,680,700 and $6,281,000 respectively,,

Program Description

     The program areas under this subactivity include:

     Regulations.  Guidelines,  and  Policies -Hazardous  Waste  —   This   Head-
quarters program provides  national  management for thehazardous waste  management
program under  the  Resource  Conservation and  Recovery  Act  (RCRA), including  the
Hazardous and  Solid  Waste  Amendments (HSWA)  of  1984.   Activities include  prom-
ulgating and  refining regulations  for  the  identification, tracking,  management,
and disposal  of hazardous wastes;  providing national oversight and  guidance  for
implementing consistent  State  and  Regional hazardous waste permitting  programs;
providing  guidance  and    technical   assistance  for  implementing an   effective
national compliance  monitoring  and  enforcement  program;  promulgating  technical
performance standards for  underground  storage tanks;  conducting technical  studies,
regulatory impact analyses,  and economic analyses;  and  assessing  control  options
and technologies necessary for regulatory decision-making.

     RCRA  Regalatory  Program  -  Office of  Air and  Radiation —   This   program
provides supportfor the  developmentof air  emission  standards  required by  the
1984 Amendments for  area  sources at  hazardous  waste treatment,  storage,  and dis-
posal facilities  (TSDFsK   This  program assesses the  nature  and quantities  of
emissions at TSDFs, develops emission modeling and testing methods,  assesses public
health risks, and evaluates  emission  control techniques from  which cost-effective
regulations and standards can be promulgated.

     RCRARegulatory Program -Office of Water —   This   program provides  support
for implementation of  the  1984  Amendment  requirements which impact water quality
and drinking  water  programs.  The  Office  of  Water  has  lead   responsibility  for
review of disposal  of hazardous waste into injection wells:  a  study,  regulation
revisions, and  corrective  action   requirements   to address  hazardous  wastes  In
publicly Owned  treatment works: a  study  of the  impact  on  groundwater from waste-
water  treatment   lagoons; and  rules   and  waivers   for  retrofitting   surface
impoundments.


REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES. AND POLICIES - HAZARDOUS WASTE

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $75,482,100  supported  by  313,5  total  workyears
for this  program,  of which  $18,791,100 will  be  for the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and $56,691,000  will  he for  the  Abatement, Control,  and  Compliance
appropriation.  This represents increases of $3,008,000 and $4,542,800 respectively
and a decrease  of  4.0 total  workyears.  These levels  support  the Agency's efforts
to provide technical enforcement expertise;  to develop regulations, standards,  and
guidance in the underground  storage tank program; and to resolve  major  issues  by
a greater reliance on site-specific risk-based decision making.

     Regulatory Development, Revisions,  and Analyses —  The Agency  will  accelerate
its efforts to  implement the activities  initiated  in 1985 and 1986 to manage hazar-
dous waste.   The  Agency  will  use  case-specific   risk-based decision making,  early
public participation  in  rulemakings,  and cross program/cross media  coordination to
improve the  existing  regulatory framework  and   to develop  regulations   based  on
requirements  of the  1984 Amendments.

                                       HW-25

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     The  Agency will   place  major  emphasis  on   decisions  to  restrict the  land
disposal of certain hazardous wastes to  protect ground water and air.  The  Agency
will revise as  appropriate the  proposed  waste banning decision framework and  will
reach decisions  on  dioxins,   solvents  and the  California  list wastes; promulgate
alternate treatment standards for restricted wastes;  and  develop  regulations for
the petition process for land  ban variances.   Data development  to support  extensive
waste characterization and capacity studies will be undertaken.

     Another rulemaking priority will  be  the development  of standards for new and
existing underground  storage  tanks  which contain petroleum products  and  hazardous
substances.  These  standards  will  include  performance  standards  for  new  tanks;
standards for  leak  detection;  regulations for reporting  releases  and corrective
action requirements.

     The Agency  will   promulgate  and  refine   regulations  to  identify  hazardous
wastes and to  provide major  changes in  their  management  and disposal.   Currently
scheduled waste  listings  (including  PCBs) will be  completed,  an organic toxicity
characteristic will  be promulgated, and decisions  will  be  reached on  the additional
deli sting petitions generated by the land disposal  restrictions.  To  ensure  a  con-
sistent strategy for  ground water  protection, the Agency will  promulgate  standards
for liners, leachate collection  systems,  and  leak detection systems  for the storage,
treatment, or  disposal  of hazardous  waste in  landfills  and surface  impoundments.
The Agency will  provide technical  guidance  for retrofitting surface  impoundments
and review  variance   applications.   The  Agency  will   revise   regulations  on
ground  water  monitoring  methods  and  statistics  to  facilitate  implementation.

     The Agency  will  continue  to close  gaps  in  the  regulatory  framework.  The
Agency will  promulgate regulations  requiring  that land  disposal  facilities  pro-
vide assurance  that  sufficient   funds  are available .for  corrective action.  The
Agency will continue  to prepare a Report  to Congress  on the  need  for Subtitle P
criteria revisions and initiate  any necessary revisions; continue the mining  waste,
utilities, and  oil  and  gas  studies;  and provide Reports  to Congress  on  Small
Quantity Generators (SQGs).   The Agency  will  promulgate  administrative  and tech-
nical standards  for  waste burned  as fuel and  will deliver a  Report to Congress
on dioxin emissions.

     ProgramImplementation  and  Policy Guidance — Most   completed   rulemakings
will  require   intensive   followup  activities, including technical  assistance  to
Regional and  State  personnel  and the  public, guidance  documents,   and  technical
interpretations of  the  rulemaking  record  during  litigation.  The  Agency  will
prepare policy  and technical   guidance   on  corrective  action,  SQGs,  waste ban
petitions, burning  and  blending,  health  assessment   provisions,  and  underground
storage tanks.   The  Agency will  continue to send  Permit  Assistance Teams  to the
field to  assist in permit processing, and will continue the  SQG  education/assis-
tance program.   The  Agency will  continue to  provide  technical  enforcement  case
support and technical  assistance in compliance monitoring,  particularly for  work
at commercial  and Federal facilities.

     The Agency  will   ensure  that ; timely  and  appropriate  enforcement  actions
are taken,  that  adequate  inspections   and   reviews   are conducted,  and   that
appropriate policy, guidance, and strategies  are  developed  to assist  Regions and
States in  their  enforcement  programs.   Training  and  enforcement  workshops for
Regions and  States  will  be  continued  in areas such  as  ground water  compliance,
corrective action, and enforcement of closure plans and permits.

     The  Agency  will  provide  oversight  and  assistance  to  States  in implementing
the Underground   Storage  Tanks  program.   This  assistance will  include  review  of
State regulatory  development   and preparation  of State   authorization  approval
packages along with policies  and guidances.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the Agency  is  allocating a total of $67,931,300 supported by 317.5
total workyears  for  this program,  of  which  $15,783,100  is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses  appropriation   and   $52,148,200   is  from the  Abatement*    Control, and
Compliance appropriation,

                                     HW-26

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     Regulatory Development, Revision, and Analyses — The   Agency  is  continuing
to respond to  the  expanded and  accelerated  sotedul e mandated  by the 1984  Amend-
ments.  The Agency  Is proposing the  decision framework  for banning  wastes  from
land  disposal,  evaluating   alternative  treatment   capacity  studies,   proposing,
waste oil  regulations  and waste  as  fuel technical  standards,  promulgating  regu-
lations for  SQGs and  conducting  a  public   education  program  for  the  expanded
regulated community, and  closing gaps  in the regulatory  structure by  continuing
to propose and promulgate hazardous  waste listings  and  delistings, proposing  an
organic toxicity  characteristic,  promulgating  final hazardous  waste  tank  stan-
dards, and modifying  financial  assurance regulations.   Underground storage  tank
regulations will be proposed,  including  tank  standards, standards  for leak  detec-
tion, regulations  for  reporting releases,  and   corrective  action  requirements.

     The Agency  is  proposing regulatory  revisions to Appendix VIII ground  water
monitoring and  alternative  concentration levels  and  proposing  regulations  for
liner and  leak detection  and  disposal  of liquids  in  landfills.   The  Agency  is
promulgating the codification rule and the State  authorization" rule.

     The Agency is  producing a mining report and  a  utility  report to Congress,  a
mining waste  exclusion  reinterpretation,  and is  proposing   or  promulgating  four
procurement guidelines.

     Program  Implementation and   Policy Guidance —  The   Agency   is   developing
implementation plans  for  all  regulations to ensure  Integrated  cross media/cross
program coordination  and  to expedite guidance  development   and  permit  issuance.
The Agency  1s  developing  guidances  for  effective  and  consistent  ground  water
protection to  Include  land  disposal  ban  petition  review,  location   criteria,
retrofitting and liner construction,  ground  water monitoring parameters,  managing
liquids in landfills,  closure  and  post-closure   requirements,  and correction  of
environmental problems  from  past  mismanagement  of  waste   at   RCRA  facilities.

     To ensure  a consistent  national  program,  the  Agency   1s  conducting  annual
program implementation  reviews.   The Agency  will  continue to  provide  training
and revise  guidance  manuals  and technical   resource documents  to Implement  the
hazardous waste  treatment,  storage,  and disposal  facility  permitting  standards.
The Agency will  provide  guidance on  facility management  planning and the  Federal
facilities inventory.

     The Agency  1s  providing  technical   enforcement  case support  and  compliance
monitoring and  enforcement  guidance documents on  ground water, corrective  action,
closure, and  permit  enforcement.  In  addition,   compliance  monitoring  inspection
support and guidance is provided.

     The Agency  is  emphasizing the  notification  program in the underground  storage
tank program.  The States are being supported in  the development  and implementation
of the notification programs.
     In 1985, the Agency  obligated $58,395,000 supported by  2K3.3  total  workyears
for this program, of which $12,617,900  was  from the Salaries and  Expenses  appro-
poriation  and   $45,777,100  was   from   the  Abatement,  Control, and   Compliance
appropriation.

     Regulatory  Development,  Revision, and Analyses —  The  Agency  continued  to
close gaps in the regulatory  program.  In conjunction with the  proposed  SQG regu-
lation, a major public outreach program was Initiated.  .The Agency proposed admini-
strative fuel standards, hazardous waste tanks  standards,  closure and post-closure
regulations, and a storage class permit regulation.

     The Agency  proposed  the  land  disposal   restriction  schedule  and  initiated
alternative treatment  and  capacity  studies.   In  conjunction with land  disposal
restrictions, the Agency  continued to test,  document,  and propose the listing  of
wastes from  processes  within various  organic chemical  industries  and  promulgated
the dioxin listing.
                                      HW-27

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     The Agency  continued  to review and  revise existing  regulations.   The  Agency
completed the  financial  assurance analyses, prepared a  Report  to Congress  on  the
Post Closure Liability Trust  Fund,  proposed closure/post-closure  regulations,  re-
vised the definition of  solid  waste,  proposed  the solvent mixture rule,  continued
to study  performance  and operating  criteria   for  Subtitle D  facilities,  and
submitted a Subtitle D Funding Report.

     The Agency  proposed  and  finalized  the regulation  on notification by  under-
ground storage tank owners.

     Program  Implementation and Policy  Guidance — The Agency issued  rules  which
codified in  regulation  those  HSWA  requirements  which  had  immediate  short-term
effects on the  regulated  community  and provided procedural and interpretive  guid-
ances on  those  regulations.   In addition,  the Agency  assisted   the  Regions  and
States in understanding  the effect that  HSWA  will  have  on  State hazardous  waste
management programs  and  developed program  guidance in  such   areas  as  corrective
action, exposure  assessment,  and  research  and  development   permits.   The  Agency
provided support  and training  for Regional  and  State permit writers,  inspectors,
and compliance  staff.   The  Agency  provided guidance in  implementing a  Facility
Management Strategy to integrate permit and enforcement  authorities.

     The Agency  provided  technical   expertise  to  Regions and  States  for  siting
assistance, case development,  corrective  actions,  and problem solving  for permit/
compliance/enforcement actions.   The  Enforcement  Response  Policy  and  the RCRA
Ground Water Monitoring Compliance Order Guidance were issued.

     The Agency  developed  a common  notification  form,  reporting and  information
management formats,  and  a Program  Handbook for  States  to  use  in  implementing
their underground storage tank notification programs.


RCRA REGULATORY  PROGRAM - OFFICE OF AIR AND RADIATION


1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total  of  $3,840,700 supported by 13.0 total workyears  for
this program, of which $575,700 will be for the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation
and $3,265,000 will he  for  the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appropriation. This
represents a decrease of $129,400 in the  Salaries  and Expenses appropriation and  a
decrease of 6.0 total workyears.  The Abatement, Control, and  Compliance appropria-
tion will be increased by  $618,900.  This  increase will  support an acceleration of
TSDF regulatory development.

     In 1987,  the program  will  continue the  work  begun  in  1985 to  support  the
proposal of regulations  for TSPF area  source types.  This will include  an assess-
ment of the nature and quantities of emissions  for  TSDFs, development  of emission
modeling and  testing methods,  assessment  of  public health  risks,  evaluation  of
emission control techniques  and  economic  analyses.  As  a  result of  these efforts,
the Agency expects  to  propose  regulations for  seven types of area sources:   land*
fills, surface  impoundments,  land  treatment,   containers,  waste  piles, storage
tanks, and transfer operations.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating  a  total of $3,351,200 supported by 19.0 total
workyears for  this program, of  which  $705,100  is  from  the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation  and  $2,646,100 is   from  the  Abatement,  Control  and   Compliance
appropriation.

     In 1986, efforts are continuing on the development of air emission regulations
for TSDF area  sources.   Work  in process  includes  the development of the  required
                                      HW-28

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Information and data, as well as technical  and economic analyses for the regulation
of these sources.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  a  total  of $1,910,000  supported by  5.6  total
wprkyears for this program.  Of the amount obligated, $245,500 was from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriations  and $1,664,500 was contract  work  from the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.  The  contract resources  were used to continue
standards development work for TSDF sources.

     In 1985,  efforts  continued  on the development  of  air  emission  regulations
for TSOF area sources.


RCRA REGULATORY PROGRAM - OFFICE OF WATER


1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $8,633,800 supported by 62.9  total  workyears
for this program,  of which  $2,633,800  is for the Salaries and  Expenses appropria-
tion and $6,000,000  is for  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appropriation.
This represents  an increase  of $1,802,100 and  $1,119,300,  respectively,  and  an
increase of 46.0 workyears.

     The 1987 program includes  resources for the  new effort in  the  EPA Regions and
Headquarters to  implement the  corrective  action  requirement  for  publicly  owned
treatment works (POTWs) that accept hazardous waste.   In  addition,  it  will  provide
new resources to the Regions to review applications  received  from NPDES facilities
with surface impoundments  for exemption  from  the new  RCRA technology  requirements
under Section"3005(j) of  the 1984 amendments.  Finally,  the  increase  provides for
an acceleration  of regulatory activities to issue the proposed major  rule to re-
strict wastes into Class I  Underground  Injection Control  (UIC)  wells by  August,
1987.

     In 1987 various studies  will  be performed under  contract  to address problems
identified in  the  domestic  sewage study  concerning hazardous  waste   coming  into
POTWs, to provide technical backup to the review of double liner exemption applica-
tions, to develop technical guidance to implement corrective  action for POTWs, and
to complete the various technical  studies in support of the major rule to restrict
hazardous wastes to deep injection wells  (designated in Class I by the UIC  program).

     Section 3018(a) of the 1984 RCRA amendments requires  EPA  to submit a  report to
Congress by February, 1986 evaluating the type and volume  of hazardous  wastes  going
to POTWs and their  fate  and  effects.  Section 3018(b)   requires EPA by August 1987
(i.e., within 1.8 months  after the report to Congress) to adopt  regulatory  changes
to assure  that  hazardous  substances  passing  through   POTWs,   and  other  problems
identified in the  Congressional report,  are adequately controlled to protect  human
health and the environment.  In support of these5requirements,  EPA  will strengthen
management of  hazardous  waste  going to  POTWs through  revisions  to  requirements
and procedures under NPDES, general pretreatment,  industrial  categorical standards,
and sludge criteria.

     Under Section  3005(j),  RCRA  Interim status  surface  impoundments  must comply
with new technology  requirements  (e.g.,  double liner), unless  EPA  grants  a waiver
for facilities  subject to  NPDES  permit  requirements   for  treatment  impoundments
meeting certain  specified  criteria.  In 1987,  the EPA water program  will review
exemption  applications   and,  where   appropriate,   modify   existing   permits  to
incorporate changes resulting from the exemption decision.

     RCRA facilities receiving a permit after  November  8,  1984, will require correc-
tive action for any release of hazardous constituents .from a  solid waste management
unit at the facility.  POTWs are  RCRA  facilities  by  rule  if they receive  hazardous
waste by truck or  rail (under 40  CFR Section  270.60(c)),  and must comply  with this


                                      HW-29

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new requirement at the time  of  NPDES permit  issuance.   It is estimated that 2,000
NPDES municipal permits will  be issued before the end of 1987, of which 10-15%  (or
275) will be  covered  by  this new requirement.   In  1987,  EPA  will  complete preli-
minary assessments  and  site  investigations  and pursue  remedial  investigations,
where warranted.

     EPA is  also  required to  determine  when  injection  of hazardous  wastes into
Class I UIC  wells  is  protective to  human health and the environment.  A determin-
ation is required  for each  hazardous  waste  listed  in the  RCRA regulations (Part
261).  Determinations must be made  for 21  specific waste streams by August, 1988.
All other determinations  must be made in  two steps by June, 1990.   In  1987,  EPA will
complete all  preregulatory technical  analyses and  propose  a decision  for the 21
waste streams in August,  1987,  A  Regulatory Impact Statement  (RIA)  will  also be
completed by August, 1987.

     EPA is  required  to   submit  a   report  to Congress  by November, 1987,  on  the
impacts of municipal  wastewater treatment lagoons on groundwater quality.   EPA  has
funded 6,000  lagoons  through the  construction grants program.   In  1987,  EPA will
complete all  technical   analyses  and  the  final "report  for Agency  submission,


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating  a  total of $5,712,400,  supported  by 16.9
total workyears for this  program,   of which  $831,700  1s  from the  Salaries   and
Expenses appropriation and  $4,880,700 is  from  the Abatement,  Control,  and Com-
pliance appropriation.

     During 1<>86,  the  Agency  is submitting to  Congress  the  domestic sewage study
required under Section 3018(a) and  beginning  regulatory  planning to  control hazar-
dous waste  problems identified  in the report.  EPA is also developing  policy  and
technical guidance to  implement the double liner exemption provisions and the  new
corrective action provisions  for POTWs.  During 1986, EPA is  also completing samp-
ling and analysis  and other technical data collection in support of the wastewater
lagoon study, which is to he  completed during 1987.

     In addition,   the 1984  amendments are  likely to  reduce the  number  of land
disposal facilities available  to  receive  hazardous waste while at  the same time
increasing the amount and type of waste subject to  management  as  a hazardous waste.
As a result,  there will  be increased demand  for commercial  incinerators, including
incinerator vessels.   EPA is  developing an  incineration regulation  in  parallel
with  the implementation   of  its  ocean  incineration  research  program.

     Finally, the Agency is completing most of the  preregulatory  planning technical
studies in  1986 for the  rule to restrict hazardous  waste  from  Class I UIC wells.
Studies will  cover  both  the engineering  factors and waste  analyses necessary to
develop a decision rule to make waste restriction determinations.

1985Accompli shments                ,

     In 1985,  the  Agency obligated  a  total   of  $1,057,000,   supported   by   1.4
total workyears,  of  which $57,000  was from the Salaries  and Expenses  appropria-
tion and $1,000,000 was  from the Abatement,  Control, and Compliance  appropriation.

     During 1985,  EPA began  major   new  workgroup   efforts  to  implement  the RCRA
requirements  related  to  domestic sewage,  the double liner  requirements,  and  the
restriction of hazardous waste to Class  I UIC  wells.  EPA  submitted  a  final  report
to Congress on  May  8, 1985 on  Class I UIC wells, as required under Section 701 of
the 1984 RCRA amendments.
                                       HW-30

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                                                HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                             Financial Assistance

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE    INCREASE  +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE      1987      DECREASE  -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION      1986                1987  VS  1986

                                            (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)

PROGRAM
Hazardous Waste        *
Management Financial
Assistance To States
  Abatement Control and        $46,663.2   $58,000.0  $58,000.0    -$2,494.0    $55,506.0   $63,000.0    $7,494.0
  Compl1 anee
                        TOTAL  $46,663.2   $58,000.0  $58,000.0    -$2,494.0    $55,506.0   $63,000.0    $7,494.0

Hazardous Haste
Management Compliance
Grants
  Abatement Control and         $5,000.0
  Compliance
                        TOTAL   $5,000.0

Hazardous Haste
Managenenf. Initiative
Grants
  Abatement Control and         $5,048,5                $4,750.0      -$204.3     $4,545.7                -4,545.7
  Compliance
                        TOTAL   $5,048.5                $4,750.0      -$Z04.3     $4,545.7                -4,545.7

Underground Storage
Tanks State Grants
  Abatement Control and                     $7,000.0    $7,000.0      -$301.0     $6,699.0   $10,000.0    $3,301.0
  Compliance
                        WTAL               $7,000.0    $7,000.0      -$301.0     $6,699.0   $10,000.0    $3,301.0

TOTAL:
  Abatement Control and        $56,711.7   $65,000.0  $69,750.0    -$2,999.3    $66,750.7   «73,000.0    $6,249.3
  Compliance

Financial  Assistance    TOTAL  $56,711.7   $65,000.0  *$69,750.0    -$2,999.3    $66,750.7   $73,000.0    $6,249.3

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                                   HAZARDOUS WASTE


                           Financial  Assistance to States
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of $73,000,000 for 1987,  an increase  of  $6,249,300
from 1986.  All of  the request will   be for the Abatement,  Control, and  Compliance
appropriation.  The two  programs with  funding  requests  in  1987, Hazardous  Waste
Management Financial Assistance to States and Underground Storage Tank State Grants,
will  remain  categorical  grants  through   1987.   However, the   Agency   plans   to
include them in the Pollution Control  Block Grant starting in  1988.

ProgramDescription

     The program areas under this subactivity include:

     Hazardous  WasteManagement Financial   Assistance to States  ~   This  program
provides financialassistance  to States forthe development, implementation,  and
enforcement of  comprehensive  hazardous  waste  management  programs  that  meet  the
requirements of Subtitle  C of the  Resource Conservation and Recovery Act  (RCRA).
States are  required  to provide a 25 percent match  to  these funds.    Objectives  of
the grant program are to provide incentives to the States  to 1)  develop and admini-
ster State hazardous  waste' management  programs controlling the generation, trans-
portation, storage,   treatment,  and   disposal  of   hazardous   wastes; 2)   develop
environmentally  sound  permits for as  many priority   hazardous  waste  management
facilities  as  possible;  and  3)  enforce  hazardous  waste  management   program
regulations to protect human health and the environment.

     The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments  (HSWA) of 1984  have greatly expanded
the hazardous  waste management  programs  in the  States.   HSWA  has   increased  the
number and complexity  of  requirements  that  States  must meet to  achieve equivalence
with  the   Federal   hazardous   waste  management   program.  The  1984   Amendments
strengthened requirements  for  corrective  action,  broadened  restrictions  on  the
land disposal  of  hazardous  waste,  and set  deadlines for  the  issuance of RCRA
permits.

     Hazardous  Waste  Management  Compliance  Grants  —  This   program   provides
financial assistance to  State  agencies to improve  and  evaluate environmental com-
pliance  through   increased  enforcement,   training,   permitting,  and   technical
assistance.

     Hazardous  Waste  InitiativeGrants  --   This  program  provides   financial
assistance to  foster State  and  localHazardous  waste management efforts  focused
on innovative waste management activities,  such as waste reduction, waste exchange,
siting, use  of alternatives to  land  disposal,  and assistance  to  small  quantity
generators.

     Undftrground Storage TankState Grants  --   This  program supports development
and implementation  of theState  Underground  Storage Tank  (UST)  programs.   States
will develop  specific regulatory standards and the necessary enforcement authori-
ties to ensure compliance to those standards.   State  grants are to be used for  the
development and Implementation of State  underground storage,  release,  detection,
prevention, and corrective action programs.


HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO STATES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $63,000,000 for this program, all  of  which will
be for  Abatement,  Control,  and  Compliance appropriation.  This  represents an  in-
crease of $7,494,000.  This  increase will  support  State implementation of the 1984
Amendment provisions,  including   inspections,  enforcement actions,  and  corrective
action measures.


                                       HW-32

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     In 1987, the Agency will provide  financial  assistance  to the  States  to  revise
State programs to  incorporate  the requirements  of  HSWA.   Thf States  will  develop
legislation and regulations consistent with the HSWA requirements,  and will  develop
and submit applications for authorization for HSWA provisions as  they become  effec-
tive.  In  implementing  the joint permitting process  with  the Regions, the  States
will  issue the   portions  of   the RCRA permit for  which they are  authorized.  The
States will participate  in implementing  the  requirements of HSWA  for which they
are not authorized, particularly corrective action.

     The States will  implement the  National  Permits  Strategy (NPS),  which  places
high priority  on   permit   applications  for  land disposal  facilities, commercial
incinerators, facilities seeking to  expand treatment  and  incineration  capacity,
and Research, Development and  Demonstration (RD&D) permit  applications. The  States
and Regions will jointly use the facility management planning process which  identi-
fies environmentally significant facilities and more effectively  applies permitting
and enforcement authorities on  a facility-by-facility basis.  The  1984 Amendments
mandate that the States and EPA process  permit  applications for  land disposal  and
incineration  facilities within  four  and five  years, respectively.  The   States
will also  begin  to call   in   permit  applications  for burner/blender facilities.

     The States,  in  conjunction with  the  Regions,   will   continue to  focus  on
improving compliance  with  the  regulatory  requirements at  facilities, generators,
and transporters.    States  will  perform  an  estimated  9,100 compliance monitoring
inspections.  Emphasis at  land  disposal  facilities  will  be on evaluating the ade-
quacy of ground water monitoring  systems  and identifying releases.   Other storage,
treatment and disposal facilities will  be inspected  at least biennially as required
by statute.  Inspections of generators and transporters will be conducted  to  ensure
that proper manifesting of  hazardous waste is occurring as  land disposal of hazard-
dous waste becomes  more restrictive and  costly.   Fuel blenders  will  be  inspected
as permit applications for  these facilities are called in.

     State enforcement  programs will  continue  to   take   timely  and appropriate
enforcement actions.  States  will  issue, as necessary, administrative enforcement
actions, including warning letters and administrative  orders, with  civil  penalties
as appropriate, in  response to significant  violations.   States  will  pursue  civil
and criminal judicial actions  when  appropriate.  As with the Regions, significant
efforts will he made by the  States to  bring ground  water cases  successfully  to
conclusion.  The  States will  have major involvement in corrective  action measures
to identify and investigate releases.


J986 Program

     The Agency is allocating a total of $55,506,000 for this program, all of which
is from the Abatement, Control, and  Compliance appropriation.

     The States are  continuing to  develop  hazardous waste  management programs
equivalent to  the  Federal  program.   It  is  anticipated   that  all  participating
States will be authorized  for the pre-HSWA  program  by  the end of 1986. The  States
are developing legislation  and regulations  consistent  with the HSWA  requirements
and submitting applications for authorization  for  the various  provisions of HSWA
as they  become effective.   The States  are processing  permits  jointly  with  the
Regions for those HSWA provisions for which they are not authorized.

     The States are  implementing the  National  Permits Strategy,  placing  a  high
priority on permit  applications for land disposal  facilities, commercial inciner-
ators, facilities   seeking   to  expand  treatment  and  incineration  capacity,  and
RD&n permit  applications.   The States  are developing facility management  plans
jointly with the  Regions  for  land disposal  and  other environmentally significant
facilities and are  reviewing  additional  exposure assessment information  for  land-
fills and  surface  impoundments.  The  States  are reviewing  closure  plaits for  the
closing land disposal facilities.

     The States are  concentrating   their  compliance  monitoring  and enforcement
efforts on  strengthening  the   enforcement  presence  in  the  regulated community.
State compliance  monitoring  and enforcement  actions  are  concentrated  on  those


                                       HW-33

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facilities which pose  the  greatest potential fop  environmental  problems,  such  as
land disposal  facilities.    All  land  disposal  facilities,  whether  operating  or
closed, will be  inspected.   Emphasis  is focused on  those facilities that did  not
certify compliance to ground water monitoring requirements as  required  by  the  1984
Amendments.  Inspections  and appropriate  enforcement  actions  will  be  taken  at
those facilities that  falsely  certified to  the  1984 Amendment  requirements.   The
State will ensure that timely and adequate closure  plans are  received.

     States are  initiating  assessments and  investigations  of  releases at  facil-
ities to  require  corrective  action   measures  be  taken  by  the  owner/operator.
When violations  are  detected,  States  are  issuing  enforcement  actions, including
warning letters  and  administrative orders,  as  well  as  taking civil  and  criminal
actions.


1985 Aceomplishments

     In 1985, the   Agency  obligated  $46,663,200,  all   of  which   was  from  the
Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.  These  grant  funds  supported the
development and  authorization of  State hazardous waste  management programs,  imple-
mentation of authorized  programs, and  the implementation of  the  Federal  program
in unauthorized States through  Cooperative Arrangements.

     The  States   continued  to   develop   hazardous   waste    management   programs
equivalent to the  Federal  program.  By the end  of 1985, 26  States had  achieved
final authorization  for  the  pre-HSWA  program.   In addition,  the States began  to
develop legislation  and  regulations  consistent   with  the   provisions of   HSWA.

     The States  continued to  implement  the National  Permits  Strategy.   By  the
end of 1985, the States  and  Regions had  requested 679  permit  applications  and had
completed 298 final  determinations.  In addition,  the States began the  process  of
developing facility  management  plans   for  environmentally significant  facilities.

     In conjunction  with  the  Regions, States  concentrated  their  inspections  and
enforcement efforts  on strengthening  the  compliance  monitoring  presence  in  the
regulated community.   The  States  conducted  14,540 compliance  inspections.   State
compliance monitoring  activities  focused  on  ground  water monitoring,  closure and
financial assurance  requirements,  and proper  disposal,  storage,  labeling,  and
manifesting of hazardous waste.   Where violations were  detected,  States  Initiated
enforcement actions to bring the facility or handler into compliance,


HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPLIANCE GRANTS

1987 Program Request

     The  Agency requests  no  funds  for this  program.   Resources  to  support  the
permitting and enforcement activities of the National Permits Strategy are  included
in the Hazardous  Waste Management Financial Assistance  to States program  element.


1986 Program

     The Agency  requested  no  funds for  this program.   Resources  to  support  the
permitting and enforcement activities of the National Permits Strategy are  included
in the Hazardous  Waste Management Financial Assistance  to States program  element.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  allocated a total  of  $5,000,000 for  this  program,  all  of
•which was from  the Abatement,  Control, and  Compliance  appropriation.   Funding was
provided by  a  one-time  Congressional   Add-on.   These  resources were  provided  to
State agencies to  increase permitting  and enforcement  activities in support  of the
National Permits  Strategy  (NPS).  States  used  these funds  to  demonstrate  how to
accelerate implementation of the NPS.


                                       HW-34

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HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE GRANTS

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency requests  no funds for this program.  Resources to support  activities
under this  program  are  provided  under  the Hazardous  Waste Management  Financial
Assistance to States program.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating a total  of $4,545,700 for this  program,  all
of which is from the Abatement, Control,  and Compliance appropriation.  These  funds
are being awarded to State and  local  agencies  for developing and implementing haz-
ardous waste management efforts focused  on  innovative waste management activities,
and for accelerating permit  issuance to new  or  expanding hazardous waste  management
facilities which provide alternatives to  land disposal.

1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency allocated  a total  of 15,048,500 for this program, all  of
which is  from  the  Abatement, Control, and  Compliance appropriation;  These  funds
were awarded to State and local agencies to develop  or implement innovative  hazar-
dous waste management efforts such as waste  reduction,  waste exchange, siting,  use
of alternatives to  land disposal,  and  assistance to  small  quantity generators.


UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANK STATE GRANTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total   of $10,000,000  for this  program, all  of  which
will be  for  the Abatement,   Control, and Compliance appropriations.  This  repre-
sents an  increase of $3,301,000.   This  level reflects the Increase  in State  work-
load  neccessary to  support  the   implementation  and  enforcement  of  Subtitle I
provisions of the 1984 RCRA  Amendments.

     The Agency will  provide resources to  the  States to continue the development
and implementation of the State programs.   States  will  develop  specific  regulatory
standards and  will  apply for  Agency approval  of  the State  program.  Enforcement
efforts will focus  on  implementation of the interim  prohibition  requirements,  the
notification  program,  and   the  development  of   comprehensive  compliance   and
enforcement programs.

1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating a total  of $6,699,000 for this  program,  all
of which is from the Abatement, Control,  and Compliance appropriation.

     UST grant funds are  being used to develop State UST programs.  A  major activity
is the development, printing, distribution,   receipt,  and processing  of UST  notifi-
cation forms.   This  includes the  development  of  a  data management  and  analysis
system for these notifications.   States  are developing both  statutory and  regula-
tory authorities for State UST programs.  States  are also exploring  and  developing
multi-year funding  strategies  such  as  fees to  provide State  funding mechanisms.

1985 Accompli shments

     No resources were  requested  for this  program in 1985.  The  regulatory  basis
for the  program was not in  place 1n  1985.  As  required by the  1984 Amendments,
Governors designated  State   agencies  to manage  the  UST   notification  program.
                                       HW-35

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PROGRAM
                                                HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                  Waste Management Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL
1985
RUDfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
19R7 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Waste
Management Regulatory
StrategIPS
Implementation
  Salaries ft Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance
       $16,907.1   $18,490.1  $15,385.9
        $3,054.9    $6,986.0   $3,986.0
                     -$661.6   $14,724.3  $14,757.4      $33.1
                     -$171.4    $3,814.6   $3,486.0    -$328.6
                        TOTAL  $19,962.0    $25,476.1   $19,371.9      -"1833.0   $18,538.9  $18,243.4    -$295.5
TOTAL:
  Salaries * Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance

Waste Management
Strategies
Implementation
       $16,907.1   $18,490.1  $15,385,9
        $3,054.9    $6,986.0   $3,986.11
                     -$661.6   $14,724.3  $14,757.4      $33.1
                     -$171.4    $3,814.6   $3,486.0    -$328.6
TOTAL  $19,962.0   $25,476.1  $19,371.9     -$833.0   $18,538.9  $18,243.4     -$295.5
PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Hazardous if*ste
Management, Regulatory
Strategies
Implementation
           408.0
449.5
365.0
365.0
348.0
                                                                                 -17.0
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
           408.0
449.5
365.0
                                                                                   365.0
           348.0
           -17.0

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                                                HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                  Waste Management Strategies Implementation

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCER
                                   1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET
                                              1986                 REDUCTION
                                  CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                  ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
                                    1986               1987 VS 1986
TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Waste
Management Regulatory
Strategies
Implementation
456.7
502.7      423.9
423.9      404.7
-19.2
TOTAL WORKYEARS
456.7
502.7      423.9
42369      404.7
-19.2

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                              HAZARDOUS WASTE

                     Waste Management Strategies Implementation
BudgetRequest
     The Agency requests a total of $18,243,400  supported!  by 404.7 total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $295,500  and 19.2  total workyears  from  1986.   Of the re-
quest, $14,757,400  will  be  for  the   Salaries  and  Expenses   appropriation and
$3,486,000 is for the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appropriation, an increase
of $33,100 and a decrease of $328,600 respectively.

Program Description

     Hazardous  Waste  Management Regulatory  Strategies  Implementation  —   This
program supportsRegionalimplementation  of  the hazardouswaste  management  pro-
gram mandated under  the  Resource Conservation  and  Recovery Act  (RCRA),  including
the Hazardous  and  Solid  Waste  Amendments  (HSWA)  of  1984.  The Regions  assist
the States  in developing  hazardous  waste  management  programs  equivalent  to the
Federal program  by  providing  guidance  and  technical   assistance for  developing
program capabilities  and  authorization  applications,  and  by  jointly  processing
permit applications  until  the  States  are  authorized for  HSWA.    In  addition, the
Regions oversee State  programs  to ensure  that  implementation  of RCRA  is carried
out in a nationally consistent manner and *that minimum RCRA standards are followed.
This program  also  supports  Regional  activities to directly implement the hazardous
waste management program in States that are not authorized.


HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT REGULATORY STRATERIES IMPLEMENTATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $18,243,400  supported  by 404.7 total  workyears
for this program, of which $14,757,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $3,486,000 will  be  for  the Abatement, Control,  and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This   represents an   increase  of $33,100 and  a  decrease  of $328,600
respectively and  a  decrease of  19.2  total workyears.   The  Salaries  and Expenses
increase reflects adjustments to the  1986 base  as part  of government-wide deficit
reductions.  The  reductions  reflect  the  additional  number  of  States  expected  to
receive  pre-HSWA  authorization   in  1986  and   the  increased capabilities  to the
States  to implement  the  RCRA   permit program.  This   request   supports Regional
assistance to   the  States  and development  of  program  capabilities  equivalent to
the Federal program.  In  addition, this  amount also supports the Agency permitting
and closure plan  review  workload and  oversight  of the  States  activities in these
areas.  The  Agency will  provide  increased attention   to  those   activities  that
pertain to ground water releases and hydrogeological characterization.

     State program development  will  be  a  priority  in  the Regions  in 1987.   State
programs must be  revised  to incorporate  the  new requirements of HSWA.  The Regions
will review and provide  technical  assistance to  the  States  as  they develop legis-
lation and  regulations  consistent  with  the  provisions  of HSWA.   The  Regions
will review  authorization  applications  against equivalence  criteria,  recommend
approval of applications, and negotiate  State grants and Cooperative Arrangements.
Because States  may  apply for authorization  for each HSWA provision  as  it becomes
effective, there  will  be an  increasing  number  of  applications which  the Regions
must review and approve.

     Throughout 1987, the Regions will  jointly process permit  applications  with
the States  until  the States  become  authorized  for  HSWA  provisions.   The Regions
will continue to  implement  the  National  Permits  Strategy  (NPS).   The NPS reflects
the impact  of HSWA  by placing  a  high  priority on  permit  applications  for  land
disposal  facilities,  commercial  incinerators,  facilities  seeking  to  expand
treatment and incineration capacity, and Research, Development and Demonstration
       permit applications.  The 1984 Amendments  mandate that EPA  and the  States
                                         HW-38

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process permit applications  for land disposal  and  incineration facilities  within
four and five years, respectively.  The Agency will continue to  implement a  facil-
ity management planning  process which  will   identify  environmentally  significant
facilities and  more  effectively  apply  permitting and   enforcement   authorities
on a  facility-by-facility basis.   Permit activity for  land  disposal  and  other
environmentally significant  facilities  will  increase  as corrective  actions  are
addressed and  incorporated  in  permits.   This  will  allow  applications  to move
forward to  the  draft   permit  and  final  determination   phases.    Burner/blender
permit applications will  be  called-in  so that permit  processing  can  begin  for
these newly-regulated hazardous  waste handlers.

     An important  activity of the Regions will  be to  provide  adequate  oversight
of State  permitting activities.   Regions  will  review  State  permit  actions to
ensure technical  adequacy, enforceabillty, and  national  consistency as well  as to
provide State  permit  writers  with additional  technical   assistance.   The  Agency
will provide  specific  guidance  during  the  review of the more  complex  regulatory
requirements such  as  corrective action,  and  closure and post-closure plans.  In
addition, the Regions will Implement  the Agency's national oversight policy  through
evaluations of  State performance,  including  program  reviews,  file  audits,  and
analysis of routine reports.

     The Regions  will  provide  assistance to the  States  in  the  development  of
underground storage  tank  (UST)  programs.    The  Regions  will  begin to   review
and approve  state  UST  program  applications  and to  negotiate  and oversee  State
UST grants.

1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is  allocating  a total  of  $18,538,900 supported by 423,9
total workyears  for  this  program, of which  $14,724,300  is for the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation  and  $3,814,600 is  for Abatement,  Control,  and Compliance
appropriation.

     The Regions are assisting  the States in the  development of   hazardous  waste
management programs equivalent to the Federal program.  HSWA established a  January
1986 deadline  for  States  to   receive  authorization  for the pre-HSWA program.   The
Agency anticipates  that   all  51  participating  States  will   be  fully authorized
for the pre-HSWA program by the end of 1986.   As States  achieve full authorization,
the Agency  is  performing  an   increasing  oversight  and  technical support  function
for the  pre-HSWA program.  In  addition,  the Regions are reviewing and  providing
technical assistance to  the  States   as  they develop legislation  and  regulations
consistent with the provisions of HSWA.

     The Agency  and  the   States  are   jointly  processing  permit  applications.   The
Regions are issuing those  portions of the RCRA  permit that include  HSWA provisions
for which the States are not  authorized.  The Regions are  implementing  the  National
Permits Strategy.  The  Regions  are developing  facility  management plans for land
disposal and  other environmentally significant  facilities, and are  beginning to
review additional exposure assessment  information for landfills  and  surface  impound-
ments.  The Regions are also facing  a large  closure plan  review workload in 198fi.
In addition, the Regions  are overseeing State permit actions  on facilities  to  en-
sure national consistency, providing  technical  assistance to State  permit  writers,
and conducting State program  reviews.


1985 Accomplishments

    In 1985, the Agency obligated  a  total  of $19,962,000  supported  by 456.7 total
workyears of  which $16,907,100 was   for  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation  and
$3,054,900 was for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance  appropriation.

     The Regions focused  on  assisting States  to achieve authorization  to  implement
a hazardous waste  management program equivalent  to the  Federal  program.   By  the
end of  1985,  twenty-six  States had  achieved full  authorization for  the  pre-HSWA
                                      HW-39

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program.  In  addition,  the  States  began  to develop  legislation  and  regulations
consistent with the provisions of HSWA.

     The Regions continued to implement the National  Permits  Strategy,   The  Regions
and States requested 679  permit applications  and completed 298 final  determinations.
In addition, "the Regions began the process of developing  facility management  plans
for environmentally significant facilities.

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  AGENCY

                               1987  Budget  Estimate

                                Table of  Contents
HAZARDOUS WASTE

    ENFORCEMENT
       Hazardous Waste Enforcement....	HW-42
                                     HW-41

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                                                               HAZARDOUS WASTE

                                                         Hazardous Waste Enforcement

                                                 ACTUAL     RtinGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
                                                  1985     ESTIHATE      1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
                                                             1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 1986

                                                                {DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
               PROGRAM
I
NJ
               Hazardous Waste
               Enforcement
                 Salaries 8 Expenses
                 Abatement Control and
                 Compliance
TOTAL:
  Salaries * Expenses
  Abatement Control and
  Compliance

Hazardous Waste
Enforcement
                                 $7,834.3  $11,716.3  $15,556.3
                                 $1,652.3   $6,250.0   $9,250.0
                                   -$668.9   $14,887,4  $15,211.2      $323.8
                                   -$397.8    $8,852.2  $11,250.0    $2,397.8
                                       TOTAL    $9,486.6  $17,966.3  $24,806.3   -$1,066.7   $23,739.6  $26,461.2     $2,721^6
$7,834.3  $11,716.3  $15,556.3
$1,657.3   $6,250.0   $9,250.0
          -$fiR8.9   $14,887.4  $15,211.2      $323.8
          -$397.8    $8,852.2  $11,250.0    $2,397.8
                                       TOTAL    $9,486.6  $17,966.3  $24,806.3   -$1,066.7    $23,739.6   $26,461.2     $2,721.6
               PERMANENT I'ORKYEARS
               Hazardous t'aste
               Enforcement

               TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                   198.9
                                   198.9
              280.3
395.1
              280.3      395.1
395.1      392.0        -3.1
                                                                                                  395.1       392.0         -3.1
               TOTAL MOPKYFARS
               Hazardous Waste
               Enforcement
                                   219.7
              300.5      425.2
                                                                                  425.2      425.2
               TOTAL WQPKYE ARS
                                   219.7
              300.5      425.2
                                                                                                 425.2       425.2

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                                HAZARDOUS WASTE


                        Hazardous Waste Enforcement


Budget Request

     The Agency requests a total of $26,461,200 supported  by  425.2 total  workyears
for 1987, an  increase  of  $2,721,600.   Of the  request, $15,211,200 will  be  for the
Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation and  $11,250,000 is for the  Abatement,  Control,
and Compliance appropriation,  increases   of  $323,800  and  $2,397,800  respectively.

P rpjram Description

     Hazardous  Waste  Enforcement —   This   program   serves  to  ensure   national
compliance withthe  ResourceConservation   and   Recovery  Act  (RCRA),  including
the Hazardous  and   Solid  Waste Amendments of 1984 (HSWA).   The principal  objec-
tives are to   inspect  and  evaluate  hazardous  waste   generator, transporter,  and
facility compliance  with  the  statutory   and  regulatory  requirements  of RCRA;  to
take appropriate  administrative,  civil,  and  criminal  enforcement  actions,  in-
cluding activities  for corrective  action4,   and  to   assist  and evaluate  program
implementation in  the  States.   This  program  supports  Regional   activities  to
operate and  enforce  the   Federal  regulatory  program  in   States  which  have  not
received  authorization.   These  activities   include  compliance   monitoring  and
enforcement actions  at  interim status facilities, permitted  facilities, hazardous
waste generators, and at underground storage tanks.

     The  Agency   is also  responsible   for  providing   technical  assistance  and
evaluating programs  in authorized  and  Cooperative  Arrangement States to  assess
their progress  in   conducting  hazardous   waste  compliance  monitoring  and  enforce-
ment activities.   The  Regional  program  oversees   implementation of  RCRA  in  those
States which  are  authorized.  This oversight includes  periodic review  of  States'
monitoring and  enforcement  accomplishments  and  taking  appropriate  enforcement
actions when  States do not act.


HAZARDOUS WASTE ENFORCEMENT

19R7 Program  Request

     The Agency requests a total of $26,461,200 supported by 425.2  total workyears,
of which  $15,211,200 will  be  for  the  Salaries   and  Expenses   appropriation,  and
$11,250,000 will  be  for   the  Abatement,  Control, and  Compliance  appropriation.
This represents increases  of $323,800  and $2,397,800,  respectively, with no change
in total  workyears.  The   increases   support  additional  workload  associated  with
corrective action activities.

     Compliance with  ground  water protection  requirements  continues  as   a  high
RCRA priority.   The  Agency will  conduct  compliance  evaluation  inspections  for
ground water  monitoring at  facilities that   are  operating  or  are closed.   Facil-
ities subject  to  ground   water monitoring  requirements  will  receive  a  detailed
technical evaluation  to   ensure  that  the   facility  hydrogeology  is  adequately
characterized, that  monitoring  wells  have  been   properly  located and installed,
that sampling  and   analysis  are conducted adequately,  and that expanded  monitor-
ing is  undertaken  to   assess  detected  leakage.   The  Agency  will   also  increase
the level  of  sampling  effort  associated with  compliance and  investigations  for
releases to ensure  that adequate independent  sampling is conducted.

     The Agency  will  perform  thorough  inspections   at   all   Federal,  State  and
local government  owned or operated  treatment,  storage,  and  disposal  facilities
(TSDFs).  The Agency will  conduct  inspections at commercial  facilities to ensure
that these  facilities  are  environmentally acceptable to  support  off-site manage-
ment of  Superfund  wastes.  The Regions  will conduct  inspections   and technical
evaluations of  compliance  with  closure and  post-closure  plans,   and financial
                                        HW-43

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assurance instruments  for  hazardous waste  facilities in  unauthorized States  and
will provide support  for those evaluations in authorized  States.  This will  be  a
substantial endeavor  in  view of the  large number  of land disposal unit  closures
in 198fi.

     The Agency  will   continue  its expanded  enforcement  efforts  tied  to  ground
water closures, the  more stringent requirements  of the  1984  Amendments,  and  the
implementation of  the Enforcement  Response Policy.   Implementation  of  the  RCRA
Ground Water Monitoring  Technical   Enforcement  Guidance,  along  with the  Interim
National Criteria wn^ch  provides   the   basic  goals  and  Region/State  performance
expectatYons for the  RCRA  program, will  ultimately  lead  to significant  improve-
ments in the  rate  of  compliance, with  the RCRA program.   To secure improved  conn
pliance with RCRA  standards, the  Regions  will  take  enforcement  actions when  and
where appropriate.   Significant efforts  will  be made  to  bring  existing  ground
water cases successfully to a conclusion and to  oversee implementation  of remedies.
Enforcement resources will be provided  to continue  Regional  support of the permit-
ting program.   In  addition  to  inspections,   Regions  will  support   enforcement
actions in  response to violations   occurring during  the  permit,  closure,  or post-
closure process.  The Regions will  also continue  their support for  civil  referrals
and criminal investigations.

     Major efforts  will   be  made   to  undertake   corrective  action  measures  at
operating and  closed  facilities,  including identifying and  investigating  releases
at solid  waste management   units.   Where  appropriate,  the Agency  will   require
corrective action at  these  facilities  through  administrative orders,  schedules  of
compliance, or judicial actions.

     The Agency  will   continue  State   program  evaluations  and  technical  support.
The Regions will conduct program reviews  of the  compliance monitoring  and  enforce-
ment programs,  including  corrective   action,  in all  participating  States.   In
addition, the  Regions  will  conduct oversight inspections  and  initiate  enforcement
actions in  States  that fail  to secure compliance in  a timely  fashion, or  in  re-
sponse to a  State  request for  enforcement  assistance*  The Regions will  continue
to promote  timely  and  appropriate enforcement   actions  by the  States  and  will
offer technical  assistance,   sampling,  laboratory  analysis, and  other  technical
expertise as needed.   Regional oversight and assistance  for  States'  underground
storage tank and small quantity generator programs will be supported.

1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is allocating a total of $23,739,600 supported  by 425.2
total workyears, of which  $14,887,400  is  for the Salaries  and Expenses appropria-
tion and  $8,852,200   for  the  Abatement,  Control,   and  Compliance  appropriation.

     The Agency is significantly expanding  the hazardous  waste  enforcement program
to address  ground  water compliance and to  support the implementation  of  the 1984
Amendments.  These Amendments  have major  workload  requirements  in the  following
areas:  actions to  compel   corrective   action  at  facilities where prior  releases
or off-site  contamination  have  occurred;  mandatory  annual  inspections  of  Federal,
State and  local  government  owned  or  operated  facilities;  inspections  by EPA  (or
authorized States)  at privately   operated  TSDFs   at  least  every  two  years;  and
compliance with double liner requirements at land  disposal  units.

     The Regions  are  conducting   the  annual   compliance   inspections  at  Federal,
State and local  government  owned   or  operated  facilities.  The Regions and  States
are conducting  inspections   every  six  months  at  those  off-site   facilities  that
receive Superfund  wastes  to ensure that  these facilities  are  in  compliance  with
RCRA standards and do not pose a human health or environmental  threat.

     The Regions  are  Increasing  their efforts   in  unauthorized  States  to  focus
compliance evaluation inspections   on ground water monitoring systems.   The Regions
continue to assist the States in conducting technical  reviews  of  closure and post-
closure plans, antf financial  assurance  instruments for  all land disposal facilities.
                                       HW-44

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Where inspections or  report reviews reveal violations,  the  Regions  or the  States
are initiating  enforcement  actions,  including  corrective   action   orders,   when
appropriate.  Inspection and enforcement  resources  are being provided to  continue
support of the permit program.   The Regions are also  assessing  financial  penalties
in conjunction with administrative orders.

     As part  of  the Agency's  effort  to evaluate State  programs,  the Regions  are
conducting oversight inspections  with  State personnel and are  reviewing the  com-
pliance monitoring  and  enforcement  programs  in  all  authorized  and  Cooperative
Arrangement States.   In  addition,  the  Agency  is  supporting   State  enforcement
actions by  providing  technical support,  such   as  expert witnesses,  sampling  and
laboratory analysis,  and  other  technical  expertise  not  generally  available  in
State agencies.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated $9,486,600  supported  by  219.7 total  workyears
of which $7,834,300 was  for the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation  and $1,652,300
was for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance  appropriation.

     The Agency  made  progress  in  providing a  visible  and  effective  enforcement
presence within  the  regulated community.   The  Agency   or  the  States  conducted
compliance monitoring  inspections  at nearly all  of the designated major  handlers
which included  all   land  disposal  facilities.   The  Agency conducted  over  1500
compliance or oversight  inspections  of major and  non-major  handlers and  over 850
record reviews of closure  plans or financial  instruments.   To  return  violators  to
compliance, the  Agency  issued warning  letters  and  administrative  orders  with
penalties.  Civil  referrals  and   criminal  investigations   were  initiated   where
stronger enforcement actions were  appropriate.

     In its  State  oversight  role,  the  Agency  conducted  oversight  inspections
to evaluate the  quality of State  facility inspections  as well as to train  State
inspectors.  In  addition,  the  Regions  provided  technical  support  and  assis-
tance to  States  conducting  compliance  monitoring  and  enforcement  activities.
                                       HW-45

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Pesticides
   SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
PESTICIDES                                                                  P-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Pestici des Research....		.	 P-8
          Sc1 enti f i c Assessment	 P-l 4
          Monitoring and Quality Assurance	 P-l4
          Health Effects				.... P-l5
          Environmental Engineering and Technology	 P-l6
          Environmental Processes and Effects...	 P-17
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances...	 P-20
          Regi strati on	 P-22
          Speci al Regi strati on			P-24
          To! erances*	 P-25
       Generi c Chemi cal Revi ew	 P-27
          Generic Chemical Review.	 P-28
    ENFORCEMENT
       Pestidi ces Enforcement,	P-32
          Pest i ci des Enforcement	 P-35
          Pesticides Enforcement Grants	 P-36
          Pesticides Certification & Training	 P-37
                                     p-1

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                                                                            PESTICIDES

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Pesticides
$36,767.3
$28,929.6
$4,824.6
$70,521.5
$3«,105.7
$25,453.1
$6,948.1
$70,506.9
$37,522.5
$25,453.1
$6,860.9
$69,836.5
-$1,613.6
-$1,094.4
-$294.9
-$3,002.9
$35,908.9
$24,358.7
$6,566.0
$66,833.6
$37,766.1
$23,953.1
$7,713.9
$69,433.1
$1,857.2
-$405.6
$1,147.9
$2,599.5
ha
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEWS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
    734.6       735.1        741.2                     741.2        734,7         -6.5
    797.5       809.1        807.6                     807.6        803.8         -3.8
$61,155.0   $57,560.2    $67,142.7    -$1(947.5    $65,195.2    $68,720.5     $3,525.3
 Authorization for the Federal  Insecticide, Fungicide,  and  Rodentlcide Act  expires
 September 30. 1986.  Reauthorization 1s pending.

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                                     PESTICIDES


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY


     As a  class,  pesticides  are among the  most  beneficial  and the most  hazardous
of substances.  The Federal Insecticide,  Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act  (FIFRA),  as
amended, and Sections 402,  406,  408,  and  409 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act (FFDCA)  give the  Environmental  Protection  Agency authority  to  regulate the
distribution and  use  of pesticides  in  the United  States.   The Agency is  thereby
charged with a regulatory task  of enormous  scope and  complexity.   An  estimated 2.7
billion pounds of pesticide  active  ingredients  are used annually  in  this  country,
representing over 50,000 products.   These  products provide  benefits to society  by
substantially contributing  to  agricultural  productivity  and  controlling  human
disease vectors  such  as mosquitoes,  At the  same time,  pesticides are inherently
hazardous in that they are specifically  formulated  to be injurious  to  living target
organisms and are  deliberately  introduced  into  the environment for  this  purpose.
The hazards presented  by  pesticides  are thus  intrinsic to  their  use.  While many
pesticides are  available   for  use  only  by  trained  pest  control  operators and
farmers, many others are  used by  persons  who  have  no  special  expertise in  the use
of these products.   Furthermore,  many  pesticides are  used  on  food or animal feed
crops so that human  dietary  exposure cannot  be  avoided, although it can  be con-
trolled by regulatory measures.

     Under FIFRA and the FFDCA, the  Agency  is  responsible for ensuring that pesti-
cides perform their  Intended functions  without   unreasonable  adverse  effects  on
public health  and the environment*   The  1987 pesticides  program  strategically
builds on accomplishments  achieved by EPA in previous years and reflects  a  continued
commitment to fulfill  the  congressional  mandate.  Achieving the statutory  goal  of
balancing health  and  environmental  protection with  economic stability  and  growth
requires regulatory operations within EPA that  are flexible, efficient, and effec-
tive.  It  also  requires ongoing, close,  and  free dialogue with  pesticide  users,
public interest groups, and the  regulated industry.   In addition, the Agency intends
to encourage  increased involvement  by  State  and  local  governments  in regulatory
matters, especially in connection with local  pest control  needs  and emergencies,
the enforcement  of regulations, and  the  education  and training of persons  such  as
applicators and farmworkers who  are particularly likely to be exposed to pesticides.

     The Agency's 1987 pesticide regulation strategy  focuses  on four  broad program
areas:  1) registration of new  products,  2) review and  reregistration of  existing
products, 3)  enforcement  of  pesticide use  rules,  and 4) research and development
to support and improve EPA's  ability to evaluate  the  risks  and  benefits  of pesti-
cides.  A  shift  in  program emphasis from the  review  of new pesticide products  to
the reregistration of  existing  pesticides,  begun  in  1985,  will continue  in 1987*

Registration Activities

     FIFRA and FFDCA  authorize  EPA  to  set the  ternis  and conditions of  pesticide
registration, marketing, and  use.   The purpose of Federal registration  of pesticides
by EPA  is  to protect  public healthr and  the  environment from unreasonable  risks
while allowing users the  benefits  of needed pesticides.  The  Registration program
focuses on  registering new  pesticide products on the basis  of  data reviewed  by
Agency scientists and  amending  current  registrations  to add  new  uses  and/or new
formulations.  The Agency  will  continue to give priority to applications  for New
Chemicals and New Uses.

     The Special  Registration program will- continue to perform an auxiliary func-
tion by  permitting  certain unregistered pesticide uses  for  experimental  purposes
and emergency pest situations.   It also provides  oversight and guidance  to  State
Registration and  Experimental  Use  Permit   programs.   The Tolerance  program  esta-
blishes safe and enforceable tolerance levels  (or  in some instances exemptions from
                                       P-3

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tolerance requirements) for pesticide residues in or on raw agriculture commodities
and processed foods.   Tolerances  (maximum  permissible residue levels) are  set  for
both active and inert pesticide ingredients.

     The Agency will  continue  a  program  of  field and  laboratory  studies on  the
efficacy of current protective clothing technology as a means of reducing exposure.
This activity will  build  upon previous investigations of  protective  clothing,  de-
velop options for  a  regulatory  strategy, and propose  ways to increase the use  of
protective clothing.  This is a critical area since  requiring  protective clothing
is a key strategy in reducing exposure to an acceptable level.

Generi c Chemical Reyiew and Reregistrati on

     In 1987, the Agency will  continue to place emphasis on evaluating  the potential
hazards posed by existing  pesticides.  The  registrations of the majority of existing
pesticide chemicals are supported by data bases which the Agency has found insuffi-
cient, by today's standards,  to  determine unreasonable  adverse effects.  The Generic
Chemical Review program is designed to remedy this  problem by  reviewing  current
knowledge about each  chemical,  requiring that scientific  data  base supporting  re-
gistrations be upgraded, and  establishing scientifically based regulatory standards
for the reregistrati on of  existing products and the  registration of future products.
Three major activities support this program:

(1)  Data Call-in  requires registrants  to  supply data to  fill  gaps in the  current
registration data  base.   It  is designed to increase the  likelihood  that critical
data will be available  in time  for standards development  and/or  to aid  the Agency
in identifying pesticides  posing potentially unreasonable adverse effects.

(2)  Registration  Standards  are established on the  basis  of a thorough  review  of
available information on existing pesticides.   They explain the Agency's  regulatory
position on  the  use  of active  ingredients  common to  large  numbers   of  pesticide
products.  Standards provide  the  basis  for  the reregistrati on of  existing products
and for  the  registration   of  new products  containing currently  registered  active
ingredients.  Registration Standards  will   also  be developed  for some new  active
ingredients.

(3)  Special Review  is  a  formal process by which  pesticides suspected of  causing
unreasonable adverse effects  are  subjected to intensive  risk/benefit analyses  and
appropriate regulatory action, such as  restricting or  prohibiting specific uses of a
pesticide, is taken.

Pesticides Enforcement

     Pesticides enforcement  and  applicator  certification and  training  activities
are undertaken primarily  by the States  and Territories operating  under cooperative
agreement programs.  Participating States and Territories conduct  use  observations,
inspect pesticide-producing  establishments,  and  conduct  marketplace  surveillance.
The States  and  Territories also  operate training  and certification  programs  for
applicators of  restricted-use  pesticides.   The Pesticides enforcement grants  will
be included 1n a legislative  proposal  for block grants designed to give States more
flexibility and autonomy in administering environmental programs.

Research and Development

     The Pesticides  Research  and  Development  budget request  contains increases  in
several areas.  Resources in environmental processes and  effects are increased  to
investigate the hazards associated with  genetically engineered pesticides.  Research
on health effects  will  be  augmented to develop methodologies for exposure  estimation
and validation of  sudpart M  of  the "Part 158"  regulatory  guidelines,  which  specify
procedures for registering genetically  engineerec  pesticides.  Engineering  support
will also be increased to evaluate the effectiveness of protective apparel.   In  the
                                       P-4

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other areas, research will continue to develop health and environmental  test methods
in support  of  FIFRA test guidelines  and  to examine extrapolation,  dosimetry,  and
biological markers.  Finally, efforts will be continued in developing environmental
risk assessment methods  as  well as  quality assurance, pesticides  repository  ser-
vices, and risk and exposure assessments.
                                       P-5

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                                       PESTICIDES
Program Activities
Incremental Outputs
Special Review Decisions ...
New Chemical and Biochemical/
Microbial Agent Reviews ...
Old Chemical Reviews 	 	
Amended Registration

Emergency Exemption
Revi ews ...................
Experimental Use Permit
24(c) State Registration
Temporary Tolerance
Tolerance Petition
Inert Ingredient
Producer Establishment
Use/Reentry a"nd Experimental
Marketplace ~"

State Applicator ~"
License and Record
State Dealer
Federal Laboratory
Test Study Audits 	 	
Notices of Violation &J ....
Administrative Orders""V ...
Civil Litigations a/ .......
Criminal Litigations a/ ....
Cumulative Outputs
Registration Standard
Guidance Packages
Established 	 	 » 	
CORT Data Call-in b/
Requirements (Chemicals)...
Review of Incoming Studies
Actual
1985

11
354
4,209
9,749
349
242
480
764
147
596
159
2,140
15,020
11,083
605
12,760
9,526
86
291
5,566
571
186
117
416
439
Budget
Estimate
1986

13
330
5,200
8,000
300
500
400
775
150
475
60
2,400
21,200
8,000
700
11,100
9,000
25
65
4,656
352
175
140
940
Current
Estimate
1986

13
330
4,650
10,000
300
250
400
475
150
475
60
2,300
19,000
6,000
700
11,000
9,000
25
95
5,220
535
175
142
909
Estimate
1987

13
330
4,650
10,000
300
250
400
475
150
475
60
2,070
18,000
4,000
630
10,000
8,100
25
95
4,635
475
155
167
1,379
Increase (+)
Decrease (-)
1987 vs. 1986

—

...






-230
-1,000
-2,000
-70
-1,100
-900


-585
-60
-20
+25
+470
a/ Includes both Federal and State enforcement activities
b/ (Chronic feeding, oncogenicity, reproduction, and teratogenicity) Program
~~  complete in 1985
                                         P-6

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
PESTICIDES
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Pesticides Research	,	P-8
          Scientific Assessment	 P-14
          Monitoring and Quality Assurance	 P-14
          Health Effects	 P-15
          Environmental Engineering and Technology.	 P-16
          Environmental Processes and Effects.	 P-17
                                     P-7

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                                                    PESTICIDES

                                               Pesticides Research
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
                                              {DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Pesticides
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
                       TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
quality Assurance -
Pesticides
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research •& Development
                       TOTAL
Health Effects -
Pesticides
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research 8 Development


Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Pesticides
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development


Environmental Processes
& Effects - Pesticides
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL
                       TOTAL
$396.2
$24.0
$420.2
$318.1
$1,509.4
$1,827.5
$1,798.4
$2,309.8
$4,108.2
$31.1
$398.2
$429.3
$2,296.3
$583.2
$2,879.5
$432.7
$374.7
$807.4
$415.2
$1,223.4
$1,638.6
$1,860.2
$2,239.8
$4,100.0
$61.6
$925.0
$986.6
$2,719.1
$2,185.2
$4,904.3
$432.7
$345.3
$778.0
$415.2
$1,111.9
$1,527.1
$1,854.2
$2,093.7
$3,947.9
$55.7
$823.9
$879.6
$2,716.7
$2 ,486 .1
$5,202.8
-$18.5
-$14.8
-$33.3
-$17.9
-$47.8
-$65.7
-$79.7
-$90.0
-$169.7
-$2.3
-$35.4
-$37 .7
-$116.9
-$106.9
-$223.8
$414.2
$330.5
$744.7
$397.3
$1,064.1
$1,461.4
$1S774.5
$2 ,003 .7
$3,778.2
$53.4
$788.5
$841 ,9
$2,599.8
$2,379.2
$4 ,979.1)
$403.8
$372.0
$775.8
$415.2
$1,090.9
$1,506.1
$1,976.0
$1,998.0
$3,974.0
$55.7
$925.0
$980.7
$2,655.3
$3,328.0
$5,983.3
-$10.4
$41.5
$31 .1
$17.9
$26.8
$44.7
$201 .5
-$5.7
$195.8
$2.3
$136.5
$138.8
$55.5
$948.8
$1,004.3

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                                                    PESTICIDES

                                               Pesticides Research

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
TOTAl:
 Salaries 8 Expenses
 Research * Development
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$4,840.1
$4,824.6
$5,488.8   $5,474.5
$6,948.1   $6,860.9
-$235.3    $5,239.2   $5,506.0      $266.8
-$294.9    $6,566.0   $7,713.9    $1,147.9
Pesticides Research    TOTAL    $9,664.7   $12,436.9  $12,335.4     -$530.2   $11,805.2  $13,219.9    $1,414.7


PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Pesticides

Monitoring Systems *
Quality Assurance -
Pesticides

Health Effects -
Pesticides

Envi ronmental
Engineering And
Technology - Pesticides

Environmental Processes
a Effects - Pesticides
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
7.3 •
4.2
?7.4
.1
41.3
80.3
7.7
6.4
29.0

42.3
85.4
5.7
6.4
38.2

43.0
93.3
5.7
6.4
38.2

43.0
93.3
5.7
6.4
32.2

46.0
90.3


-6.0

3.0
-3.0

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     PESTICIDES



Pesticides Research


TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment -
Pesticides
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance -
Pesticides
Health Effects -
„ Pesticides
I
o Environmental
Engineering And
Technology - Pesticides
Environmental Processes
8 Effects - Pesticides
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

7.3 7.7

4.5 7.5


33.2 38.2


.6 1.0


53,4 55.3

99.0 109J
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

7.7

7.5


38.2


1.0


55.3

109.7
CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 1987 VS 1986


7.7 7.7

7.5 7.5


38.2 38.2


1.0 1.0


55.3 55.3

109.7 I69S7

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                                     PESTICIDES


                                Pesticides Research


                           P r 1 n c i pa 1 Outputs by Ob j e ct i ye


1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SSSSSSSiSSSBSSSSS&SSSS

Objective 1;  Develop and Validate Test Methods for FIFRA Studies

o  Final  Report:   Methods to  Detect  Adverse  Effects  on  Sperm  Production  and
   Function (Sci. Assessment)
o  Final  Report:   Methods Manual  for  Spawning,  Culturing  and  Testing Antherinid
   Fishes (Env. Processes)
o  Report  describing validated  test  protocol  to detect  and  characterize neuro-
   toxieity (Health)

Obective  3:   Perform Ecological  Research Including  Transport.  Fate^and  Field
           "'     !                                                "' *   "     ""
o  Journal Article:   Results  of Field Testing  of  Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM)
   and Pesticide  Analytical  Solution  (PESTANS)  Leaching Models  for Coastal Plain
   Soils  (Env. Processes)

Objective 4:  Perform Engineering Research in Support of FIFRA

o  Interim  Guidance  Manual   for Selecting  Protective  Clothing  for Agricultural
   Pesticide Operations Engineering)

Objective 5;  Perform Exposure Monitoring Research

o  Final  Report  on the  Pesticide  Total  Exposure  Assessment  Methodology (TEAM)
   Study  (Monitoring)

.Objective 6:  Perform... Research  on  Biotechnology  and  MTcrobial and  Biochemical
Pest jControt Agents'

o  Report  on laboratory  testing and  evaluation  of  selected MPCAs  on non-target
   (terrestrial) arthropods (Env. Processes)

Objective. 8;  Provide Support jervices for FIFRA Studies

o  Annual Report on Data Comparison  Program for Pesticides  (Monitoring)
o  Revised  Manual   for Analytical  Methods  for Tissue  and  Environmental   Samples
   (Monitoring)


1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
SSSJ BJWl^aSBttaHIStestS SB SSSeSB »

Objective 1:  Develop and Validate Test Methodji for FIFRA Studies

o  Report  on  desirable sample  sizes for  use  in soil  contamination studies (Sci.
   Assessment)
o  Report  on genetically  altered  viruses in  the environment  (Sci.  Assessment)
o  Report:  Handbook  of Acute  Toxicity  of Chemicals to  Estuarine Organisms (Env.
   Processes)
                                        P-ll

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Objective  2;  Perform Health Research on BiologicalMarkers, Doslmetry and Extrap-
blatiorr!    !          !     '              '!
o  Report  describing  how to  use  a newly developed  technique to evaluate  risk of
   heritable gene mutation (Health)
Objective  3:   Perform Ecological  Research Including  Transport,  Fate andField
Validation^      '   "    '!                      !   "
o  Dougherty Plain Annual Project Report (Env. Processes)
Objective  5:  Perform ExposureMonitoring Research
o  Report  on data assessment of the TEAM Field Study (Monitoring)
Objective  6:  Perform Research on Biotechnologyand Microbraland BiochemicalPest
ControlAgents
o  Report  characterizing  cytolytie factors  of the microbial  and  biochemical pest
   control agents (Health)
Objective  8;  ProvideSupport Services for FIFRA Studjes
o  Risk assessments on aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane and heptachlor (Sci. Assessment)
o  Reproductive and developmental toxicity  assessment  of cadmium (Sci. Assessment)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
* as seat m assesses» a sacs ssse a
Objective  1;  Developand Validate Test Methods forFIFRAStudies
o  Report  on  the  effects of  endrin  on water  fowl  and upland game  birds  in grain
   fields  (Env. Processes)
o  Report  on biotechnology risk assessment (Sci. Assessment)
Objective  2;  PerformHealth Research on BiologicalMarkers, Doslmetry andExtrapo-
lation'	'     '              !
o  Report  on the neurotoxic potential  of pesticides:  age related effects, of  pesti-
   cides relevant to youth in agriculture (Health)
Objective  3;  Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fateijnd Field Val-
idation
o  (Prototype) Manual  -  Design Requirements for  Conducting  Field Level Pesticides
   Run-off Studies (Env. Processes)
o  Report:   Factors Affecting  Biodegradation of Fenthionin Salt Marsh Environments
   (Env. Processes)
Objective  4:  Perform Eng1neeri_nji__Re_search_1n Support of FIFRA
o  Proceedings  of  the  Research  Workshop  on  the Treatment/Disposal  of Pesticide
   Wastewater Generated by the Agricultural  Application of Pesticides  (Engineering)
Objective5:PerformExposure MonitoringResearch
o  Status  report and data assessment of the  TEAM Field Study  (Monitoring)
Objective  8:  Provide Support Services for FIFRA Studies
o  Epidemiology study protocol for creosote  (Sci. Assessment)
                                        P-12

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                                     PESTICIDES'


                                Pesticides Research


Budget Request

     The Agency requests a total of $13,219,900  supported  by 109.. 7 total  workyears
for 1987, an  increase of $1,414,700  and no  change  in total workyears  from 1986.
Of the request, $5,506,000 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$7,713,900 will  be  for the  Research  and  Development  appropriation, increases  of
$266,800 and $1,147,900, respectively.

Program Descri ption

     The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rpdenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal
Food, Drug  and  Cosmetics Act  (FFDCA)  require the  regulation of  pesticide  use to
avoid unreasonable  adverse  effects to  public health and to  the  environment.  The
research program improves our  understanding of how  pesticides  interact  with human
activities and  the  environment, to  assure that  their  use  minimizes damage  from
pests, while maximizing the  protection  of human food,  health and the environment.

     Ob jecti ye 1 :  Devel op and Val i date Test Methods for F IFRA Studi es .   This  ac-
tivity develops and "vaTf^ateT^envTrOniiientaT^n^"i:hIeaTt"fi test  methods for  use by in-
dustry.  Research under  this objective  is  needed to develop valid test protocols
to meet pesticide registration  requirements and  enforcement  responsibilities under
Sections 3 and 26 of FIFRA.

     Objective 2;  Perform  Health Research  on Biological  Markers, Dosiitietry  and
Extrapolatiwi^.  This  research  effort  develops methods  for extrapolating from high
to ...... Tow" dosei ....... between  mammalian species  and  to  define the   relationships  between
biochemical  indicators of exposure to neurotoxi cants  and  behavioral  dysfunctions.

     Objective 3:  Perform Ecological   Research Including Transport, Fate and Field
Validation.  This  field  validation   effort   quantifies  pesticide  effects  through
census ing and  field tests to evaluate mortality,  reproduction  and recovery poten-
tial of  fishes,  invertebrates,  birds and  other  organisms.  The  field  research is
supported and enhanced by detailed laboratory studies and analysis.
     Objective. 4:  Perform t,, jjgj^j^jig,. ^6$e_arch in Support of FIFRA.  This research
effort firovides  IrTf onfiitton  oh™ protectTve  cl othi ng and  equi pment  for pesticide
loaders, mixers,  and  applicators to  meet  the Office of  Pesticide Programs'  (OPP)
regulatory needs  under FIFRA.  Classes of pesticides, formulation types and concen-
tration, types of protective  clothing and equipment, and test  methods are identi-
fied, prioritized, and evaluated.

     Ob j ecti ve jjl  Perform  Exppsu re  Moni tori ng  Resea rch .   This effort provides
monitoring expertise,  equipment,  and  staff for  the  development of  specialized
monitoring protocols and methodology for total human exposure monitoring for pesti-
cides as  well  as  the  means to  characterize sources  and  routes  of  exposure  for
national pesticide monitoring efforts,

     Objject1_vei.-6;_ Perform Research on Biotechnology and Microbial and  Biochemical
Pest Control Agents.  This  effort  provides  for  the  eval uati on  of the  effects  of*
microbial and biochemical pest control agents (MBPCAs) and products of biotechnolo-
gy on humans and  the environment.  Such methods and data  are necessary to support
registration activities of OPP.

     Objective 7;  Perform Studies  on Ecotoxicity   and Develop  Environmental Risk
Assessment Protocol s .  This effort provides  the means to determine the  risk posed
to actual ecosystems by environmental pollutants.
                                       p-13

-------
     Objective  8:  Provide Support Services for FIFRA Activities.   These   efforts
provide support for  risk and exposure assessment  as  well  as quality assurance and
pesticides  repository  services.


SCIENTIFIC  ASSESSMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $775,800  supported  by 7.7 total workyears for
this program, of which $403,800  will be for the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation
and $372,000 will  be  for the Research and  Development appropriation.  This  repre-
sents a decrease of $10,400 and  an increase of $41,500, respectively, and no  change
in total workyears.  This  reflects a shift  of  resources to provide  for  extramural ly
funded literature searches for developing assessment  methods.

     Deye1op..^mi^yajjdate  Test Methods for       Studies.     The   1987 scientific
assessment  program will  continue the Development  of  methods to determine reproduc-
tive dysfunction as  well as pesticide-specific assessment methods  for  exposure and
health risks from  cancer and mutagenicity.  Further  efforts will  examine  chemical
dose rate effects on damage to DMA and mutagenic responses*

     Provide Support Services for FIFRA Activities.     The   scientific assessment
^program will continue  to prepare health  risk  assessments for cancer, mutagenicity,
"adverse reproductive/developmental  effects  and exposure.   Additional  efforts will
also provide  for  review  of  and/or  consultation   on program  office  assessments.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating a total  of $744,700 supported  by 7.7 total
workyears for this  program, of  which $414,200 is from the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $330,500  is   from  the Research and  Development appropriation.
The 1986 program is  continuing  the  development of exposure  risk assessment methods
as well  as preparation- of health  risk  assessments  and  review of program  office
assessments.


1985 Accompl 1 shments

     In 1985,  the Agency obligated  a total  of   $420,200  supported by  7.3 total
workyears  for this  program,  of  which  $396,200 was  from  the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $24,000  was   from  the Research and  Development appropriation.
In 1985,  risk  assessments were  performed for  dicofol and metalaxyl.   Data  evalua-
tion reports were  prepared for  captan, linuron and Tindane.  An epidemiology study
protocol was developed for creosote.


MONITORING  SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of  $1,506,100  supported  by  7.5 total  workyears
for this program, of which $415,200 will be for the  Salaries  and Expenses appropri-
ation and   $1,090,900  will  be  for the  Research  and  Development appropriation.
This represents  increases of $17,900  and  $26,800, respectively,  and  no  change  in
total workyears.   These  increases reflect  adjustments to  the 1986 base as  part  of
government-wide deficit  reductions.
      PerfojTH  Ejyppsufe^MjiTitt^rlnjgLftAsearch.   This   research   will   be   designed  to
 develop  methods  of measurement  for pesticides.  The  methods  will be used  to  provide
 data on  actual  human  exposure to  individual  pesticides.   The Total  Exposure  Assess-
 ment Methodology (TEAM)  approach  will  support  increased  reliance upon  such personal
 exposure monitoring.
                                         P-14

-------
     Provide Support Services for FIFRA Activities.   The 1987 monitoring and qual-
ity assurance efforts will  continue  to  operate the pesticide and  industrial  chemi-
cal repository  of  over  1,400 chemicals.  The  repository  annually distributes over
30,000 standard samples to the user community.  Quality assurance support will also
continue to  OPP contract laboratories  as  well as lab  intercomparison  studies and
distribution of unknown samples to evaluate OPP laboratories.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,461,400 supported by 7.5 total
workyears for this  program, of  which $397,300 is  from the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and  $1,064,100  is from the  Research and  Development  appropriation.
The 1986 program  is  continuing  support  for exposure monitoring  research,  quality
assurance and repository services.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  a total  of  $1,827,500  supported by 4.5 total
workyears for this program,  of which $318,100 was from the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $1,509,400  was from the  Research and Development  appropriation.
In 1985, an  annual  report  on the data  comparison program for pesticides  was pre-
pared.  Also, a status report was prepared on data assessment of the Total  Exposure
Assessment Methodology (TEAM) field study.         *


HEALTH EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total of  $3,974,000  supported by  38.2 total  workyears
for this program, of which  $1,976,000 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $1,998,000  will  be for the  Research and  Development  appropriation.
This represents an increase of $201,500 and a decrease of $5,700, respectively, and
no change in  total  workyears.  This  reflects  a  shift  of  resources  to  provide for
procurement of equipment necessary for biotechnology research and test development.

     Develop and Validate Test Methods for FIFRA Studies.  Health  effects  efforts
will develop"  and  refine bioassays  for  the detect)on  of  adverse  developmental and
reproductive effects.  Also, techniques  will  be  developed,  validated,  refined and
implemented for determining  genetic  effects  caused  by human  exposure  to  chemical
carcinogens and mutagens.   Finally,  methods will  be developed to define the rela-
tionship between biological  indicators or neurotoxicity and disease.

     Perform Health Research on  Biological Markers,  Dos 1 metry and  Extrapolation.
Hea1th research will focus on the development of animal models for assessing health
risks caused  by pesticides  as  well as development of  a  data management  system with
the capability  to  store and  analyze research  information  on genetic  and  related
toxicants.  This  system  will   be  used in the  estimation of hazard  to  humans from
potential carcinogens and mutagens.

     Perform Research on  B1ptechnology and Mi crobi al  andI  Bi ochemi cal Pest .Control
AgentTIHealth research in this area will provide methods for detecting, identify-
ing and monitoring  biological  pesticide agents in mammalian cells as a  basis for
test protocols to  support  microbial  pesticide registration.   Efforts will  also be
undertaken to  evaluate  subpart  M testing  guidelines  for  microbial pest  control
agents.
                                        P-15

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1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of $3,778,200  supported by  38.2
total workyears  for  this program,  of which  $1,774,500 is  from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $2,003,700 is  from the Research  and  Development  appro-
priation.  The 1986  program continues to  provide data on the  effects  of microbial
and biochemical pest  control  agents, to develop test methods  1n  support  of  FIFRA
test guidelines and  to  perform research  on  biological  markers extrapolation  from
high to low doses.


1985 Accompl1s hments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated a total  of  $4,108,200 supported by  33.2  total
workyears for this program, of which  $1,798,400  was  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and  $2,309,800  was  from the Research  and  Development appropriation.
In 1985, journal articles  were prepared  on the  neurotoxic  potential of pesticides
as well as a preliminary screen for skin penetration of 14 pesticides.


ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1987 Program Request.

     The Agency  requests a total  of  $980,700 supported by  1.0 total  workyear for
this program, of which $55,700 will  be for the  Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $925,000 will  be for the Research and Development  appropriation.   This  repre-
sents increases of $2,300 and  $136,500, respectively, and  no change in total  work-
years.  These  increases  reflect  the  acceleration  of  efforts to  test protective
garments worn by pesticide mixers, loaders and applicators.

     Perfonri Engineering Research in Support of FIFRA.  This effort  will  focus  on
the evaluation of  selectedprotective garments forpesticide applicators and formu-
1 ators.  Expanded  research  in this  area  will  evaluate  the breakthrough  time  and
steady-state permeation  rate  data  on concentrated  formulations  of  highly  toxic
pesticides.  This  research  will  provide engineering Information  on pesticide pro-
tective apparel used in application and formulation.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating a total  of $841,900 supported  by 1.0 total
workyear for  this  program,  of which  $53,400 is  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses'
appropriation and  $788,500  is from  the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.
Engineering research activities in 1986 are continuing to provide information on the
effectiveness of protective garments  for pesticide mixers, loaders and  applicators.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated  a  total  of $429,300  supported  by  0.6  total
workyear for  this  program,  of which  $31,100 was  from  the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $398,200 was  from the  Research  and  Development appropriation.
In 1985, a  report  was prepared on the proceedings  of the  research  workshop  on the
treatment and disposal of pesticide wastewater generated by the agricultural  appli-
cation of pesticides.
                                         p-16

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $5,983,300 supported by 55.3 total workyears for
this program, of which $2,655,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $3,328,000  will  be  for  the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.   This
represents increases  of $55,500 and  $948,800, respectively, and  no change in total
workyears.  These  increases will  provide for new efforts to  determine  the effects
of genetically engineered pesticides, and to  evaluate  the  effects of pesticide use
on groundwater.

     Develop and Validate Test Methods for FIFRA Studies.  Environmental  processes
and effects efforts will  focus  on developing  and  validating bioassays  and  other
methodologies for  use as  standardized testing protocols  and  for use in  determining
the effects of chemical pesticides on marine and freshwater animals.  In this area,
methods will  be  devised for  cul tuning  and  testing marine and  freshwater animals;
techniques will be  studied to determine  the  effects  of sediment-water interactions
of high use pesticides;  and  testing methods  and  protocols will  be provided.  This
provides testing methods which the Agency can recommend  for use  by pesticide manu-
facturers.

     Perform Ecological Research  Including Transport,   Fate and Field  Validation.
Research in this a>ea will  concehtraie^bh the  development, refinement  and valida-
tion of  techniques  and  models  to  predict  pesticide transport,  degradation  and
fate, as well  as exposure estimates  of  pesticides through surface  and subsurface
matrices.  Additionally, field and  laboratory studies will be conducted  to deter-
mine if laboratory  methodologies  and results are valid and  reflect environmental
responses under natural  conditions.  New efforts  will determine the environmental
impact to  groundwater caused  by  pesticide  use and  other agricultural  practices.
Pesticide processes  in  soils  and  ground water  will  be  characterized,  information
will be developed  on  spatial  variability in  subsurface cores, and a report will be
produced on best  management  practices that  could mitigate groundwater contamina-
tion by pesticides.

     Perform Research on Bi otechnol ogy and Mi crobi al   and B i ochemi cal  Pest Control
Agents.  Environmental processes and effects  research  will  focus on devel dpi rig land
Impr oy i ng testing protocols for unaltered Microbial Pest Control  Agents (MPCAs) and
genetically altered  Biological   Control  Agents  (BCAs)  on  non-target  receptors.
Studies will be initiated to field verify initial  results and to ensure reproducible
predictions.  Research results will  supply testing protocols for  subpart M guide-
lines used  by industry  to provide  data on  which regulatory  actions  are based.
     Perform Studies  on  Ecotoxlcity 'and  PgJfel^J^Jfovlrj3!^"^.. Risk Assessment
Protocols.  Research in this area WilT^onti hue to i develop i methodologies to predict
risk to ecosystems.  Activities  include development  of risk assessment methodology
for pesticides  by  combining   exposure and  hazard data  via  transport,   fate  and
effects models, determination  of  validity of model results in expressing estimates
of risk  of important  populations,  determination  of  important  endpoint  responses
and population  changes  and  identification of how  ecosystem structure and function
alterations affect risk analysis.  Other  critical  activities will include determin-
ing the impact  of pesticide use  on  beneficial  organisms and preparation of habitat
maps of endangered  species  and associated pesticide hazards.  Such assessments are
used in determining  if a pesticide  should be  registered,  how it  should  be used,
and what its potential  risks are.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating  a  total   of  $4,979,000  supported  by 55.3
total workyears  for  this program,  of  which $2,599,800  is  from the  Salaries  and
Expenses  appropriation   and  $2,37§,200  is   from  the  Research   and  Development
appropriation.  The  1986  program continues  to  develop  test methods  in  support  of
FIFRA guidelines, perform  research  on transport,  fate and field  validation,  and
determine  the  effects  of biological  pest   control agents.   New efforts are being
initiated to determine risk to actual  ecosystems from pesticides.

                                        P-17

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1985 Accomplishments

     in 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $2,879,500 supported  by  53.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,296,300 was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $583,200  was  from  the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.
In 1985, reports were  completed  on the effects of endrin on water fowl  and upland
game birds as well as on factors affecting biodegradation of fentheon in salt marsh
environments.  Field level pesticide studies were also conducted.
                                        P-18

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Tab!e of Contents

                                                                            Page
PESTICIDES
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Registration* Special  Registration & Tolerances........	P-2Q
          Regi strati on	,	 P-22
          Speci al  Regi strati on	,... P-24
          Tolerances	 P-25
       Generic  Chemical Review.."	 P-27
          Generic Chemical Review	 P-28
                                    p-19

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7
                                                                      PESTICIDES

                                                   Registration, Special  Registration & Tolerances
ACTUAL
1985
. BUDGET
ESTIHATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIHATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Registration
Salaries 4 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Special Registration
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Tol erances
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
$10,129
$4 ,665
$14,794
$2 ,087
$2,087
$3,131
$3,131
$15 ,347
$4,665
.4
.4
.8
.1
.1
.4
.4
.9
.4
$10
$3
$13
$2
$2
$2
$2
,377.7
,600.0
,977 .7
,042.4
,042.4
,955.1
,955.1
$15,375,2
$3,600.0
$10,042
$3 ,600
$13,642
$1,566
$1 ,566
$2,905
$2,905
$14,513
$3,600
.2
.0
.2
.6
.6
.1
.1
.9
.0
-$431 .9
-$154.8
-$586.7
-$67 .4
-$67.4
-$125.0
-$125.0
-$624.3
-$154.8
$9,610.3
$3,445.2
$13,055.5
$1,499.2
$1,499.2
$2,780.1
$2,780.1
$13,889.6
$3,445.2
$10,310
$3,200
$13,510
$1 ,487
$1 ,487
$2,902
$2 ,902
$14,700
$3 ,200
,4
.0
.4
'.7
.7
.2
.2
.3
.0
$700.1
-$245.2
$454.9
-$11.5
-$11.5
$122.1
$122.1
$810.7
-$245.2
                   Corapli ance

                  Registration, Special  TOTAL
                  Registration &
                  Tolerances
$20,013.3   $18,975.2  $18,113,9     -$779.1   $17,334.8  $17,900.3
$565.5
                  PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                  Registration
                  Special Registration

                  Tolerances

                  TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
206.2
43.1
75.2
324.5
196.2
39.4
68.7
304 .3
191.5
29.7
68.7
289.9
191.5
29.7
68.7
289.9
191 .5
27.8
68.1
287 .4
-1.9
-.6
-2.5

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                   PESTICIDES



Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances


TOTAL WORKYEARS
Registration
Special Registration
Tolerances
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985


217 .9
45.0
78.5
341.4
. BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

212.3
42.3
73.8
328.4
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

207.3
31.9
73.8
313.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


207.3
31.9
73.8
313.0
ESTIMATE
1987


207.3
29.9
73.1
310.3
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986



-2.0
-.7
-2.7

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                                     PESTICIDES


                 Registration, Special  Registration,;and Tolerances
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $17,900,300 supported by  310.3 total  workyears
for 1987, an increase of $565,500 and a decrease of 2.7 total workyears  from 1986.
Of the request, $14,700,300 will be for the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation and
$3,200,000 will  be  for the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation,  an
increase of $810,700 and a decrease of $245,200,  respectively.

Program Descri pti on

     The Agency evaluates all proposed pesticides under  a  "no unreasonable adverse
effects" standard;  taking  into  account  the  economic,  social,  and  environmental
risks and  benefits   of  the  use  of  any pesticide.   The   overall  goal  of  these
activities is to  facilitate  a  steady  flow of environmentally  acceptable products
to the marketplace.  These  activities are  authorized  by the Federal  Insecticide,
Fungicide and Rodenticide  Act  (FIFRA),  which requires that a pesticide be registered
by EPA before  it  can be.legally sold, distributed,  or made available  for use, and
the Federal, Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act  (FFDCA), which  requires the  establishment
of safe  pesticide residue  levels  on  food and  feed.   This  subactivity  includes
three program areas:

     Registration -*•  Under this  program  new  pesticide  products  are  registered
and current registrations are amended  to add uses and/or new  formulations.   Regis-
tration is  accomplished  by:  1)  reviewing  formulation  and  use data to  ensure that
product use will  not  result 1n  "unreasonable  adverse  effects";  and  2)  limiting the
risks associated  with  use through  label precautions,  special  packaging  require-
ments, application directions, and, where  necessary,  restriction  of  use to trained
applicators.

     Speci a! Regi strati on' -- The purpose of this program is to  respond  to requests
for experimeritalusepermits   and  emergency  exemptions  (permitting  the  use  of
unregistered pesticides  or  the  use  of  registered  pesticides for sites/pests  not
included in  their  registration to  meet  pest  emergencies).   The  program  also
reviews State  registrations   of pesticides  for  Special  Local   Needs  and  related
State plans.   These  functions are  required  by Sections  5,  18,  and  24  of  FIFRA.

     Tolerances — The goal of  this program is to  protect  the  public  health while
giving appropriate consideration to  the  production  of an adequate, wholesome,  and
economical food  supply.   This  goal  is achieved  by establishing tolerance,  levels
for residues of  both  active and inert pesticide  ingredients (or exemption from the
requirements of  a tolerance)  in or  on  raw  agriculture  commodities and  processed
foods, establishing   safe  residue levels  (temporary tolerances)  for  food pr feed
crops to  be marketed  following  the  application of experimental  use  pesticides, and
ensuring, through the testing of analytical  methods, that  established tolerances
can be adequately enforced.


REGISTRATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $13,510,400  supported  by  207.3 total  workyears
for this  program, of which $10,310,400  will  be for the Salaries and  Expenses ap-
propriation and  $3,200,000 will  be   for  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
                                        P-22

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appropriation.  This represents an increase of $700,100 and a decrease of $245,200,
respectively, and no  change in total  wprkyears.   The overall increase  represents
increased support for New Chemicals and New Uses  to permit  a more rapid entry of new,
potentially safer, chemicals into the marketplace.

     In 1987,  the Agency  expects to  conduct  330  reviews  of new chemicals  and
biochemi cal/microbial agents,  4,650  reviews  of  old  chemicals,   10,000  amended
registration reviews, and  300  new use  reviews.   This is essentially the  same level
of reviews expected in 1986.

     The Agency will  continue  to  give  priority  to applications  for new  chemicals
and new uses (especially the first food use of non-food use pesticides).   Continued
attention will  be  given  to  biochemical/microbial  agents,  including  genetically
altered products, in order to determine the scope of any required  regulatory amend-
ments and necessary  interagency  coordination for the effective regulation  of  such
products.  Emphasis  will  continue to  be  placed  on  reviewing data in support  of
food-use chemicals,  feedthroughs,  aquatic  pesticides used  in  potable water,  and
other product classes of special  concern.

     Initiatives begun  in  1986 and continuing  in 1987 include more stringent  re-
quirements for  conditional  registrations;  further development of  Standard  Evalua-
tion Procedures to help  ensure uniformity of science reviews and public understanding
of review processes; the automated integration of EPA records of scientific.studies,
reviews, product  information  and other  data;  evaluation  of  potential  groundwater
contamination; and work on region-specific  priority projects such  as  geographic-
specific groundwater problems,  the role of  individual  regions in monitoring systems,
and the use  of  1080  on  prairie dogs.  The efficacy  of protective  clothing  will  be
considered so that  better risk  management decisions can  be made  and  promulgated
through label requirements.  Worker Protection Standards are expected to be  promul-
gated in 1987 as a result of negotiated rulemaking efforts in 1986.

     The Agency plans to  implement registration fees in  1987 to begin  recovery  of
Agency costs for  pesticide  registration.   Any fees  collected would  not  affect  the
need for appropriated funds in 1987.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total  of $13,055,500 supported by  207.3
total workyears for  this  program,  of which  $9,610,300 is  from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $3,445,200 is from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.

     Increased emphasis is being  given to  the groundwater contamination initiative
in 1986  by  imposing monitoring  requirements  on   registrants, routinely  assessing
contamination potential  through  extensive  review  of  environmental  fate  test data,
and preventing  or minimizing groundwater  contamination through cancellation,  geo-
graphical restriction, or restricted-use classifications.

     Worker Protection  Standards and  procedures  governing  worker  protection  re-
quirements,  including pesticide-treated field reentry periods, protective clothing,
and label warnings, are the subject of regulatory negotiation and  proposal in 1986.
The Agency is also highlighting and working  on  problems identified by  the regions,
such as geographically specific groundwater problems and the use  of 1080 on  prairie
dogs.

     The quality  and speed  of  decision-making  continues to  be   improved  through
Standard Evaluation  Procedures  (SEPs).   The  enhancement  of the automation  and
management of the pesticides data base is improving the Agency's  ability to identi-
fy data gaps and to prevent unanticipated adverse environmental impacts by bringing
all available information to bear on regulatory decisions. ,
                                       P-23

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     Registration fees may be proposed 1n 1986 to begin recovery of Agency processing
costs.


1985 Accpmp.11 shments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $14,794,800 supported  by  217.9 total
workyears, of which  $10,129,400  was from the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation
and $4,665,400  was  from  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.

     In 1985, increased  emphasis  was  placed   on  new chemical and  new use  applica-
tions resulting in  output  increases,  over the  1985 estimate,  of  7  percent  and  16
percent respectively.  Improvements were made in the quality and speed  of decision-
making through the establishment of Standard  Evaluation  Procedures (SEPs),  the con-
tinued development of an  integrated pesticide  data base, and publication of Data Re-
quirements for Registration  and  revised  procedures for Data Support  Requirements
Under FIFRA.  These  regulations  have  helped  the decision-making process by provid-
ing a clear  statement of  registration  requirements and reducing  the  uncertainty,
paperwork, and review  cycles  associated with clarifying routine  requirements with
registrants.


SPECIAL REGISTRATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a total   of $1,487,700  supported  by 29.9 total  workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation.
This represents a  decrease of  $11,500 and 2.0  total  workyears.  the decrease  re-
flects an anticipated decrease in state and local needs  reviews.

     In 1987, State  participation  in Emergency  Exemption, Experimental  Use Permit,
and Special Local Needs  programs will continue  to  be enhanced through EPA  guidance
and close Federal/State cooperation.  EPA will continue  to monitor State actions  in
the Emergency Exemption  and Special  Local  Needs  registration  programs to  assure
proper use of these  provisions.   The  Agency  will focus on  the  critical  health  and
safety effects of  emergency exemption  requests.   Experimental  use  permits  (EUPs)
will continue to be  issued when  appropriate  to   allow for experimentation  with
nonregistered products or uses to develop data needed for registration.   A total  of
400 EUP  reviews  is expected.  Rapid-  communication with affected  parties,  States,
and other  measures  will  be  continued  to minimize  processing  times and  backlogs.
In 1987, 250 emergency exemption  reviews  and  475 State  and  local  needs  reviews are
projected to be completed.


1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is allocating, a total  of $1,499,200  supported  by  31.9
total workyears for  this program,  all  of which  is from the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation.

     In 1986, the Agency  1s  issuing  final   revisions  to  regulations  concerning
Section 18 emergency  exemptions  under  which   criteria for granting exemptions will
become more  stringent in  order  to effectively  assure their validity.   The  Agency
has recently  implemented  a policy  concerning  genetically engineered,  microbial
pesticides (GEMPs)  requiring  notification of the  Agency  of intended  small-scale
field testing, and a 90-day period for the Agency  to determine whether an  EUP  is
required.  The first  experimental  use  permits for  GEMPs were granted in  November,
1985 for small field testing of altered bacteria to prevent  frost damage to plants.
                                       P-24

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1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $2,087,100 supported by  45.0  total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.

     Temporary tolerance petition  review  activities and associated  resources  were
moved to the  Tolerance  program beginning  .in 1985.  The  purpose  was  to  consolidate
all tolerance setting and  tolerance fee-related activities in the same program.  Ac-
complishments in 1985 included  the publication of the proposed revised rule developed
through regulatory negotiation for  Section 18 exemptions and work  on  establishing
the Agency's policy on GEMPs.


TOLERANCES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $2,902,200  supported by 73.1 total  workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $122,100 and a decrease of 0.7 total  workyears.  The
increase in Salaries  and Expenses  reflects adjustments  to the 1986  base  as  part  of
government-wide deficit reductions.

     Requested resources will permit an anticipated 475 tolerance petition reviews,
150 temporary tolerance petition  reviews, and 60  reviews of inert  ingredient  re-
quests.  Every effort will be made to minimize processing times  and backlogs in re-
sponding to uncontrollable demand (petitions).

     Special emphasis will  be  placed  on policies to ensure that  tolerances  reflect
the most  current  regulatory   status  of  each active  ingredient.    Tolerances  for
cancelled pesticides  will  be  revoked  and replaced with  appropriate action levels
where necessary.  The systematic  use  of  the computer-based tolerance  assessment
system will yield  more sophisticated  estimates of  dietary exposure to pesticide
residues.  Crop  group tolerances  will  continue  to be  used  where  applicable  and
inert ingredient  requests  will  receive  more thorough  review.   Continued  support
will be provided to  the Codex Alimentarius program and  assocTated  activities that
set international tolerances.  International tolerance levels will  be  adopted into
the U.S.  system whenever feasible  in order to  facilitate international  trade,
improve international  consistency  in  pesticide  regulation,  and  conserve  U.S.
resources by  using  the results  of  reviews by  other countries and international
organizations.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency   is  allocating  a  total  of  $2,780,100  supported  by  73.8
total workyears  for  this  program,  all  of  which  is from the  Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.

     The tolerance  revocation  policy requiring that  EPA revoke a tolerance  for a
cancelled or  suspended  pesticide  is being fully implemented in  1986.   EPA  expects
this activity to increase  as a result  of voluntary  cancellations  and  suspensions
(many in response to Data  Call-in), registration  standards, and special  reviews*  In
addition, the computer-based Tolerance Assessment System is  being refined and selec-
tively used to yield more  realistic and sophisticated estimates  of dietary exposure
to pesticide  residues.

     Most of the tolerance fees collected  in 1986 are  under a  revised fee structure,
effective February, 1986.   However, most of the 1986 workload and associated earnings
(value of completed  petitions)  consist  of petitions submitted in prior years under
the old fee structure.
                                       P-25

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1985 Accompl ishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $3,131,400  supported by 78.5 total
workyears for this  program,  all  of which  was  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation.

     In 1985, emphasis was  placed on improving  the processing time for new toler-
ances, with special  attention given  to requests  for tolerances  for  first-time uses.
The activities and  resources associated  with temporary tolerance petitions  were
moved from the Special  Registration program to the Tolerance  program in  order  to
consolidate all  tolerance setting  and tolerance  fee-related  activities.

     The developing, computer-based  Tolerance Assessment System was  used selectively
to refine  the Office  of Pesticides  Programs'  estimates  of  dietary  exposure  to
pesticide residues.    Revised tolerance fees  were  proposed and published in the
Federal Register.
                                       p-26

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PROGRAM
                                                    PESTICIDES

                                             Generic Chemical Review
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
19R6
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                              (HOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Generic Chemical Review
 Salaries & Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
                                                 $12,390.5   $12,676.8   $13,024.6
                                                 $11,862.1    $9,354.7    $9,354.7
-$560.0   $12,464.6  $13,063.7       $599.1
-$402.3    $8,952.4   $9,354.7       $402.3
                       TOTAL   $24,252.6   $22,031.5  $22,379.3     -$962.3   $21,417.0  $22,418.4    $1,001.4
•o
I
TOTAL:
 Salaries ft Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance

Generic Chemical
Review
                                                 $12,390.5   $12,676.8   $13,024.6
                                                 $11,862.1    $9,354.7    $9,354.7
-$560.0   $12,464.6  $13,063.7       $599.1
-$402.3    $8,952.4   $9,354.7       $402.3
                                         TOTAL    $24,252.6   $22,031.5   $22,379.3      -$962.3    $21,417.0   $22,418.4     $1,001.4
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Generic Chemical Review
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Generic Chemical Review
TOTAL WORKYFARS
232.8
232.8

249.6
249.6
244. R
244.8

760.4
260.4
257.7
257.7

274.3
274.3
257.7
257.7
t
274.3
274.3
257.7
257.7

274.3
274.3

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                                     PESTICIDES

                              Generic Chemical  Review


Budget Request

     The Agency requests a total of $22,418,400 supported  by  274.3  total  workyears
for 1987, an  increase of $1,001,400  and  no change  in  total  workyears  from  1986.
Of the  request,  $13,063,700 will  be  for the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation
and $9,354,700 will be for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $599,100 and  $402,300,  respectively.

Prog ram Desc r i jit i on

     This subactivity includes:

     Generic Chemica 1  Rey1ew — The primary products of the Generic Chemical  Review
program are 1} t)ata  CalT-Ih - to  require  registrants  to fill gaps in  the current
registration data  base  in  time  for registration  standards development  and/or to
aid in  the  identification   of  potentially  unreasonable  adverse  effects;  2)  Regi-
stration Standards  -  to  enable  the  Agency  to   meet  efficiently  the  statutory
mandate to  update and reexamine  information  on  currently  registered  pesticides
and to  reregister them  as  appropriate;  and 3)  Special Review  - to evaluate  ri-
gorously the  risks and   benefits  of  pesticides  with an  identified potential  for
producing significant adverse health  or environmental  effects  and to  take  appro-
priate regulatory  action  (e.g.,   suspend,   cancel,  or return  to  registration).


GENERIC CHEMICAL REVIEW

1987 IP rpg ram Reg uest

     The Agency requests a total of $22,418,400 supported  by  2v74.3  total  workyears
for this program, of which $13,063,700 will be for the Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation and $9,354,700  will  be for  the  Abatement, Control  and  .Compliance appro-
priation.  This represents  an increase of $599,100 and $402,300, respectively,  and
no change in  total workyears.   The increase  in  both   appropriations reflects  In-
creasing support for the  registration standards program.

     EPA will  establish  25 registration  standards on  existing  chemicals in  1987.
The Agency will continue to develop registration  standards by clusters  of similar-
use chemicals, giving priority  to  those having high exposure and potential  hazard
through their  volume  of  use and/or food use.   When all  of the data required by the
data call-in  and  registration standards programs  are   available  and  reviewed,  the
registration standard permits  comprehensive  review  and   updating to   produce  a
final Regulatory  Standard  and  Tolerance  Reassessment  (FRSTR).   One FRSTR  review
will be conducted in 1987.

     Some pesticide active  ingredients are also used as inert ingredients 1.n  other
formulated products,  and many  have  the  potential to  cause  unreasonable adverse
effects. In 1987, the review of  inert  uses,  as  well  as  active  uses,  of one pesticide
will be included in the registration standards program.

     The Agency will  resume the call-in of missing data for non-food use chemicals
based on the 1986'evaluation of  the 1985 test program wherein  registrants  Identified
data gaps.  The Agency will continue  its efforts  to  improve  its product chemistry
data base.   This  is  necessary  to determine  inerts.  Impurities, and  contaminants
of toxicological  concern  in pesticide products and th'e types of studies necessary
for a full health and safety assessment.
                                        P-26

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     Review of studies called  in  during  prior years, including studies of  ground-
water contamination and  chronic health  effects, will be continued.   Priority  will
be given  to  those  studies  containing information  regarding unreasonable  adverse
effects, as identified in accordance with section 6(a)(2)  of FIFRA.

     Resources requested for 1987 will enable the completion of 13 Special  Review
decisions.  Special Reviews will  be initiated according to  revised criteria which
more realistically  reflect  actual  risk.   The number of Special  Reviews  may  vary
since the  initiation  of Special  Reviews is  responsive to  the identification  of
potential risks during  registration standards  development  and the  review  of  new
chemicals, the outcomes  of  which  cannot  be  predetermined.   Administrative hearings
will  be held as required on regulatory action  proposed by  the Agency  in  the  Special
Review process.

     The results  of lab audits will  be employed  1n the Special  Review  and  Reg-
istration processes in order to assure that health and environmental effects  data
are used  to  support pesticide  registration  actions.  The  use  of Integrated  Pest
Management (IPM) techniques in  urban pest management will be strengthened in  cooper-
ation with other agencies.   IPM will be considered in special reviews  on a case-by-
case basis,  among the  full  range  of potential  risk-reduction measures  that  the
Agency examines.

     Monitoring of  selected pesticide exposure problems  and accidental  exposure
incidents will be  continued in cooperation  with  various  Federal,  State  and other
institutional sources.  Furthermore, the  Pesticides program  will continue  to parti-
cipate in a joint survey with the Office of Drinking Water  to establish a reliable
estimate of the national  pesticide exposure  risk through groundwater.

     Beginning 1n 1987,  the Agency  plans to Institute fees  for Its  rereglstrati on
activities.  The  amounts collected  would not  affect  the  request for appropriated
funds in 1987.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total  of $21,417,000  supported  by 274.3
total workyears for this program,  of  which $12,464,600 is  from the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $8,952,400 is   from the  Abatement, Control  and  Com-
pliance appropriation.

     The Agency is continuing to shift emphasis from  the registration  of new pesti-
cides to the review of  existing, currently registered pesticides whose  registrations
are more likely to  be  supported by  incomplete data or data  which are  inadequate by
today's standards.  In 1986, the program emphasized support  for registration stan-
dards follow-up,  Final  Regulatory  Standards  and Tolerance  Reassessments  (FRSTRs),
review of  inert  uses  of  active ingredients,  lab  audits,  and  special  reviews.

     Twenty-five registration  standards  and 13  Special Reviews are  projected  for
1986.  Emphasis is  being placed on  identifying and evaluating  new chemicals which
exceed the risk  criteria.   Also in  1986,  previously called-in  data  is  being  re-
viewed, including data  on   chemicals  used  as  termlticicles  and  on  grain funrigant
alternatives to EDB.

     The Agency is  continuing to provide indemnification for losses resulting  from
the cancellation  of ethylene  dibromide  (EDB)  and   2,4,5-T,  and to support  the
disposal  of cancelled pesticides as  required.

     In the  registration standards  established  to  date,  health and  environmental
problems have  commonly   been  identified, and  corrective  actions taken to  reduce
risk.  In  every  standard,  important  health  and  environmental  data  gaps   are
identified, and commitments are being received from registrants to  generate  and
                                       P-29

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submit required data expeditiously.  The  data needs are  determined  on a  case-by-
case basis,  considering  the use  pattern  and  properties  of  each  chemical.  This
ensures that the  Agency  asks  only  fqr  data essential  to  its  decision  process
and thereby minimizes costs to  registrants and the  public.

     Exposure data is being  called in to facilitate the  evaluation  of the  signi-
ficance of  new and  existing  health effects data,  allowing more  timely  Agency
reactions to potentially  serious  hazards.  This  is vital  since  the Data  Call-In
program virtually  completed in  1985 the  call-in of  long term  chronic data  for food
use chemicals.   In addition, the  Data Call-in program is  focusing  on the  call-in
of updated confidential  statements of formula  (CSF) which are essential  since most_
existing data are  based  on  outdated  requirements  and procedures. Laboratory data
audits are continuing to ensure  the  validity of  laboratory  studies performed to
support registration.

     The Agency expects  that the  number  of  pesticides determined  to  contaminate
groundwater, and the number  of locations  involved,  is  increasing.  QPP  is  partici-
pating in  a  groundwater  monitoring and hazard assessment project to  characterize
this problem and formulate  an  appropriate regulatory  response*   In 1986 the prin-
cipal activity  is  the initiation of a national groundwater survey  conducted jointly
with the Drinking  Water  program,


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated a total of  $24,252,600 supported  by  249.6 total
workyears, of which  $12,390,500  was from the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation
and $11,862,100 was from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.

     Special  review  decisions  were  reached  on  11  chemicals.    In  addition,   new
review procedures   were  introduced,  providing for early  involvement   of  all   EPA
offices in the  development  of regulatory  decisions,  including  Special  Reviews.

     In 1985, the  Data  Call-in program  virtually  completed  call-in  of long term
chronic data for  food  use  chemicals.   A test program was  initiated  in  1985 to
call in data on non-food  use chemicals,  featuring the  identification of data gaps
by registrants.  The program will be resumed in  1987  following  an  evaluation in
1986.

     Laboratory data audits  were  conducted  by the Agency or  cooperatively with
other agencies to  ensure the development of  high-quality  test  data  on the health
and environmental  effects  of pesticides.  The Agency  began  to provide  indemnifi-
cation for losses resulting  from  the cancellation  of ethylene dibromide  (EDB)  and
the disposal  of products containing EDB.
                                       p-30

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
PESTICIDES
    ENFORCEMENT
       Pestidi ces Enforcement . . ............ , ........ ...... ............. .... P-32
          Pesti ci des Enforcement. . . . . . ..... ......... . . . . . ......... . ........ P-35
          Pesticides Enforcement Grants .................. .................. P-36
          Pesticides Certification & Training.. ..... ...... ........ ......... P-37
                                    P-31

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                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
                                                    PESTICIDES

                                              Pesticides Enforcement
                      BIIDGFT
                     ESTIMATE
                       1986
         ENACTED
          1986
         BALANCED
          BUDGET
         REDUCTION
                                                                                                 CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
                                                                                                 ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
                                                                                                   1986              1<)87 VS 1986
PROGRAM
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
•o
UJ
Pesticides Enforcement
 Salaries X Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compli ance
         $4,188.8    $4,564.9   $4,509.5
            $88.8      $195.0     $195.0

TOTAL    $4,277.6    $4,759.*)   $4,704.5
Pesticides Enforcement
Grants
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
Pesticides
Certification *
Training
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
         $9,717.0    «9,703.4   $9,703.4

TOTAL    $9,717.0    $9,703.4   $9,703.4




         $2,596.3    $2,600.0   $2,600.0

TOTAL    $2,596.3    $2,600.0   $2,600.0
                     -$194.0    $4;315.5   $4,496.1
                       -$8.4      $186.6     $195.0

                     -$202.4    $4,502.1   $4,691.1



                     -$417.2    $9,286.2   $8,703.4

                     -$417.2    $9,286.2   $8,703.4




                     -$111.7    $2,488.3   $2,500.0

                     -$111.7    $2,488.3   $2,500.0
                                              $180.6
                                                $B.4

                                              $189.0
                                             -$582.8

                                             -$582.8




                                               $11.7

                                               $11.7
TOTAL:
 Salaries ft Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
         $4,188.8    $4,564.9   $4,509.5
        $12,402.1   $12,498.4  $12,498.4
                     -$194.0    $4,315.5   $4,496.1      $180.6
                     -$537.3   $11,961.1  $11,398.4     -$562.7
Pesticides Enforcement TOTAL   $16,590.9   $17,063.3  $17,007.9     -$731.3   $16,276.6  $15,894.5     -$382.1
PERMANENT WORKYEARS

Pesticides Enforcement

TOTAl PERMANENT WORKYEARS
             97.0

             97.0
100.6

100.6
100.3

100.3
                                                                                                    100.3

                                                                                                    100.3
99.3

99.3
-1.0

-1.0

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T
OJ
u>
                                                                       PESTICIDES



                                                                 Pesticides  Enforcement.

TOTAL WORK YEARS
Pesticides Enforcement
TOTAl WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
107.5
107.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
110.6
110.fi
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)
110.6
110.6
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
110.fi
110.6
ESTIMATE
1987
109.5
109.5
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
-1.1
-l.l

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                                     PESTICIDES


                              Pesticides  Enforcement
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $15,894,500 supported  by  109.5 total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $382,100 and  1.1  total workyears from 1986.  Of the request,
$4,496,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation and $11,398,400 will
be for the  Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appropriation.   This   represents  an
increase of $180,600 and a decrease of $562,700,  respectively.

Program Descripti on

     The purpose of this  sub-activity  is to assure the compliance by  all  parts  of
the pesticide  industry,  including users,  producers,  and distributors,  with the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide  and Rodenticide  Act  (FIFRA).  This is  accomplished
primarily through  cooperative  enforcement  agreements between  States,  Territories,
and EPA.

     This subactivity encompasses three program  areas:

     Pesticides Enforcement — The pesticide enforcement  program emphasizes  com-
pliance with FIFRAandrelated  rules  and regulations.   The Regional  offices  nego-
tiate and monitor  grant  activities  for  the  Cooperative  Enforcement  programs and
the State Applicator  Certification and  Training  programs,  and conduct  compliance
monitoring, enforcement,  and  certification  and  training  activities  1n  non-grant
States.  The  Regional  pesticides  enforcement program also provides  compliance and
technical assistance to the agricultural  chemical  industry, commercial  and private
applicators, user groups, and States.   EPA undertakes compliance assistance efforts
to assist these groups with product  registrations,  special  local needs  registra-
tions, and emergency exemptions, helping  them understand and meet their obligations
under FIFRA.            •

     The Regional   enforcement  program provides  assistance in  enforcement  actions
initiated by the States.   In addition, it prepares and issues  notices  of  violation
and administrative orders  in  instances where a  State  does not participate in the
cooperative enforcement program  or where a  State  refers  a case to the Agency for
action.

     Headquarters  provides overall program guidance  and  sets  national  program pri-
orities.  The  major function  of Headquarters includes providing support to regula-
tion development,  including enforcement response policies and  compliance monitoring
strategies; providing technical  case development and general  oversight to coopera-
tive Federal/State enforcement programs  and  Federal/State  applicator  certification
and training programs; and  developing  annual cooperative agreement  guidance  docu-
ments.

     Pestici des Enforcement Grants -- Pesticides cooperative enforcement agreements
accountfor most  of the  pesticides  compliance  monitoring enforcement  activities.
Under the terms of  cooperative  agreements  with  €PA, the  States  inspect  pesticide
producer establishments,  provide  marketplace surveillance, and  investigate  pesti-
cide use, misuse,  and reentry  matters.   Cooperative agreements  also support the
Stales in monitoring  pesticide imports,  inspecting  pesticide dealer  records, and
reviewing commercial  applicator records.

     Resti ci des Cert 1 f 1. cation and Trai ni ng -- EPA  provides funds, divided  between
the training program and the certlfication program, to  ensure that only  competent,
trained applicators handle,  apply and store highly toxic,  restricted-use  pesti-
cides.  The Agency transfers funds for training  applicators to the  U.S.  Department
of Agriculture  for distribution  to   State  Cooperative  Extension  Services.   EPA
                                       P-34

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distributes certification  funds   via  cooperative  agreements  to  designated  State
agencies.  The  States  use funds  for  certification  activities  such as  developing
and grading  examinations,  issuing  credentials,  monitoring training,  and  keeping
records of  certified  applicators.  The  Agency  also provides  funding for  Federal
certification and training programs in Colorado  and Nebraska.


PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $4,691,100  supported by 109.5  total  workyears
for this program, of which $4,496,100 will  be for  the  Salaries  and  Expenses appro-
priation and  $195,000  will  be  for the  Abatement,  Control and Compliance  appro-
priation.  This represents an increase  of  $180,600 and  $8,400,  respectively, and  a
decrease of  1.1 total  workyears.   The  increase  reflects  increasing  support  for
cooperative agreements and State  oversight.

     In 1987, the pesticides  enforcement program will   again  concentrate on  State
participation, under cooperative  enforcement  agreements, in the nationwide pesti-
cide compliance monitoring program.  The Agency  will emphasize  achieving  compliance
with rules governing pesticide use, with relatively less emphasis  on product  sur-
veillance in,the marketplace.  The States  will  also be responsible  for enforcing
notices of intent to  suspend product  registrations issued under the Data  Call-In
program.  The primary  Federal  role at  the regional level  will  be oversight  and
management of State  cooperative  agreement programs  and administration   of  Federal
applicator certification and  training  programs  in  Colorado (for private  applicators
only) and Nebraska,  and of a  pesticides enforcement program in  Nebraska.

     In addition to providing overall  program  guidance  and management, Headquarters
will assist in the development of new and revised  regulations and will develop com-
pliance monitoring strategies and enforcement  response  policies for  all  such rules.
Headquarters will provide guidance and general  oversight to the Federal/State coop-
erative enforcement  programs  and applicator certification  and training  programs,
plus technical  and analytical  support for regional  activities.  Both Headquarters
and the  regions are  responsible  for quality assurance  and  quality  control   of  all
enforcement data collected by EPA.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating  $4,502,100  supported  by 110.6 total  work-
years, which includes  $4,315,500  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation  and
$186,600 from the Abatement,  Control and Compliance appropriation.

     In 1986, the Agency is emphasizing State  participation in  pesticide compliance
monitoring and  enforcement activities through  cooperative  enforcement  agreements.
There are  54  States  and Territories   participating  in  cooperative  enforcement
agreements, 51  State  certification programs,  and  52  training programs.   Federal
compliance monitoring activities  is continuing in  States without cooperative agree-
ments.  Other  Federal  responsibilities  include  the management of the  laboratory
inspection/data audit program, import  and  export  surveillance, provision of tech-
nical and compliance assistance to the  States and  the  regulated community,  and the
operation of  a  computer  system  maintaining pesticide  producer establishment  and
production records and other related enforcement data.


1985 Accomp1i shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated $4,277,600 supported by 107.5 total  workyears,
including $4,188,800 from the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation and $88,800 from
the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
                                        P-35

-------
     In 1985, the Federal  compliance monitoring  program accomplished the  following:
224 inspections of pesticide producing establishments, 242 use and reentry  inspec-
tions, 355 marketplace inspections,  282  import  inspections  at ports  of  entry,  215
applicator license and  record  inspections, 263 dealer record inspections, and 86
laboratory inspections that  included  291  test study  audits.  The  Agency issued
1,343 notices of warning  for product/producer  and  use violations and 236 adminis-
trative orders.

     Headquarters prepared draft  or  final  compliance monitoring  strategies  for
Good Laboratory Practices  (GLPs),  the lindane  cancellation,  registration  standards,
Compound 1080 and  daminozide  restrictions, a  revised  strategy  for  FIFRA  Section
3(c)(2)(B) data provision  compliance,  and preliminary  strategies  for dicofol  and
captan use restrictions.   Headquarters  also prepared  a  revised enforcement  response
policy for FIFRA Section 7 establishment  reporting  requirements.

     A total   of  54   cooperative  enforcement agreements,  51  State   certification
programs, and 52 training programs were  in place in  1985.  As part of the  coopera-
tive agreement program, the Agency provided training  for State inspectors,  chemists
and case development  staff,


PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT GRANTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total  of $8,703,400 for  cooperative  enforcement agree-
ments, all for  the Abatement,  Control and Compliance appropriation.  This repre-
sents a  decrease  of  $582,800,   reflecting  a reduction  in  State inspections  under
the cooperative enforcement agreement  program.   This  grant  will  be included in  a
legislative proposal  for  block  grants  designed to  give States more flexibility  and
autonomy in administering environmental programs.

     The Agency will  continue  cooperative enforcement agreements with 54  partici-
pating States and  Territories.   The cooperative  enforcement agreement  program is
designed to permit participating  States  and  Territories to  determine  their  program
priorities and utilize the resources provided to act upon these  priorities.  State
activities will  include use and reentry investigations, pesticide producer estab-
lishment and marketplace  inspections,  applicator  license and record  inspections,
and dealer  record  inspections.   As  compared  with past years,  resources   will be
shifted from marketplace  sampling to provide greater emphasis upon use  compliance.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating  a  total  of  $9,286,200 for cooperative agree-
ments from the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.  These  agreements
emphasize user compliance with  label directions for  proper  use  and application, as
well as  manufacturer adherence to  product formulation  requirements  under FIFRA.


1985 Accomplishments                             i

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated $9,717,000 for cooperative agreements from  the
Abatement, Control and  Compliance appropriation.   Fifty-four  participating States
and Territories conducted approximately 1,916 inspections of establishments, 14,778
use, reentry, and experimental  use inspections,  10,728 marketplace  inspections,  323
import inspections,  12,545 applicator license  and  record  inspections,  and  9,263
dealer record  inspections.  The Agency issued 4,223 notices  of violation  and  335
administrative orders, and engaged in 186 criminal  litigations.
                                        P-36

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PESTICIDES CERTIFICATION AND TRAINING

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $2,500,000 for the applicator  certification  and
training program,  all  for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.
This represents an  increase  of $11,700,  reflecting adjustments to the 1986  base as
part of goverrnent-wide deficit reductions.  This grant will  be included  in a legis-
lative proposal for block grants  designed to give States  more flexibility and auto-
nomy in administering environmental programs.

     This program  will  support 51  applicator certification programs and 52 appli-
cator training programs in participating States and Territories, as  well as  Federal
certification programs  in Colorado  (for private  applicators  only) and Nebraska.
These resources will continue to  support the certification and training of appli-
cators using highly toxic, restricted-use pesticides.


1986 Program

     In 1985, the Agency is allocating a total  of $2,488,300 for cooperative agree-
ments from  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.   This   funding
supports 51 applicator  certification programs  and  52 training programs with States
and Territories, as well  as  Federal  programs in Colorado  (for private  applicators
only) and Nebraska.  EPA  is  also  developing an .action plan  to implement the recom-
mendations of the task force that completed its review of the Pesticides Certifica-
tion and Training program in 1985.


1985 Accomp1j shment s

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,596,300 for cooperative agreements
from the Abatement, Control and Compliance  appropriation in  support  of 51 certifi-
cation programs and 52 training programs with States and Territories.  In addition,
these funds supported Federal programs in Colorado and Nebraska,

     Also in 1985,  a task  force  reviewed the Pesticides  Certification  and Training
program to determine what actions, if any, should be taken to improve it.  The task
force was  composed of  representatives  of  EPA,  USDA, State  Cooperative Extension
Services and State Lead Agencies.
                                       P-37

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Radiation
   SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
RADIATION                                                                   R-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Radi at i on Research	 R-7
       Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance...	 R-10
       Health Effects	R-ll
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines..	 R-13
       Radiation Program Implementation......	 R-l6
       Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment..	R-l9
                                     R-l

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                                                                       RADIATION

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Radiation
$8,567.8
$2,939.8
$846.9
$12,354.5
$7,621.1
$2,144.6
$16,7
$9,782.4
$8,041.0
$2,144.6
$16.5
$10,202.1
-$345.6
-$92.3
-$.7
-$438.6
$7,695.4
$2,052.3
$15.8
$9,763.5
$8,161.4
$3,810.6
$11,972.0
$466.0
$1S758.3
-$15.8
$2,208.5
50

(O
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL mm YEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
    149.1       141,3        155.3                     155.3       152.0        -3.3
    161.4       147,3        160.0                     160.0       157.0        -3.0
$16,068.9    $9,758.4    $12,723.5      -$325.6    $12,397.9   $12,136.4     -$261.5
 All except Research and Development is by virtue of the Appropriation Act.  The
 Research and Development Act expired September 30, 1981, and reauthorization is
 .pending.

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                                     RADIATION


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY

     EPA's mandate  to  protect  the  public  health  and  environment  from  adverse
effects of radiation  exposure'is  derived  from several  statutes: the Atomic  Energy
Act, which  provides  authority  for  Federal  guidance  and  general environmental
standards (transferred  to  EPA by Reorganization  Plan  #3  of  1970); the Clean  A1r
Act Amendments of 1977, which provide  authority to  regulate  radioactive air pollu-
tants; the Resource  Conservation  and  Recovery  Act  and the  Uranium Mill  Tailings
Radiation Control Act,  which charge  EPA with  providing  standards for  protection
from waste materials  with  radioactive content; the  Nuclear  Waste  Policy  Act;  and
other authorities contained  in the Federal  Water  Pollution Control  Act;  the Marine
Protection, Research,  and  Sanctuaries Act;  the  Safe  Drinking  Water  Act;   the
Public Health Service Act; and the National  Environmental  Policy Act.

     These statutes generally prescribe environmental assessment, technology assess-
ment, standard-setting, and  research   roles  for EPA.   The disposal of  radioactive
wastes in an environmentally  sound manner 1s  a  complex task that involves  the  col-
lective efforts of EPA, the  Nuclear Regulatory  Commission (NRC), the Department of
Energy (DOE), States, and  private industry.   In some cases, enforcement  responsib-
ilities are  vested  in  other  agencies, notably the NRC.   In  these instances,  EPA
performs some oversight functions  to  ensure that established standards  and  guidance
are followed.
          •*

     The basic program  strategy for EPA's Radiation Program focuses on three major
objectives: (1) reduce health effects and environmental  Impacts;  (2) assess  emerging
radiation problems;  and  (3) maintain a  capability  to   respond  to  emergencies.

     Reduce  ad verse  heal tjii eft gets  and eny1 rpnmental  1 mpact s from radi at.1 onjexpo*
sure tftrougir a p^Source    categoFfe    which  emt
ai rborne radionTucTides"are" assessed and regulated,  where  required,  by the promulga-
tion and implementation of  National Emission Standards  for Hazardous Air Pollutants,
under section 112 of the Clean Air Act.  The  various classes  of radioactive  wastes
and their disposal  options  are evaluated  and regulated  in  a  program  designed to
ensure that disposal  takes  place  in  an  environmentally  sound  manner  which  limits
exposures.  Principal tasks  remaining include  promulgation of standards  for  land
and ocean disposal of low-level  radioactive wastes,  Including  natural and. accelera-
tor-produced materials, and regulation of permissible  residual radioactivity levels
at decommissioned  nuclear facilities.   Federal  guidance  is  under development  to
limit occupational  exposures to Ionizing  radiation,  and  for general  exposure  to
radlofrequency radiation.   In  addition  to  these  activities,  ancillary  efforts
include development of permit criteria  for  the ocean disposal  of radioactive wastes,
and the examination of special problems associated with  high-level  wastes stored at
the Department of Energy site at Hanford, Washington.

     Assess  and  quantify  existing   and  eiprglng   radiation  prpbleffls^^and their
potential IMactr jtesjKmd to Issues  of 'sarYou^^Kmft/T₯dge^ofradi-
atIon ^exposure from  some  sources  has  become more  widespread,  and the  potential  for
radiation contamination of environmental  pathways is  growing as  greater  uses  are
made of  radioactive materials.   Requests  for assistance  in  site  assessments  and
radiochemical analyses of environmental samples have increased substantially, parti-
cularly from the Federal sector.   Measurements of radon levels  from naturally occur-
ring radium  In soil  and  rocks 1n  the Reading  Prong areas  of Pennsylvania,  New
Jersey, and New York, and the probability of similar exposure  levels in other parts
of the country, demonstrate the need  to address this environmental  problem.  There-
fore, the Agency  1s emphasizing the radon Issue In 1986 and will continue  to do so
in 1987.   EPA  is coordinating its activities with  DOE,  which  has  a  long-standing
program in radon  and related Issues.   EPA's short-term  efforts to address  radon
exposure are: identifying the potential for high-risk areas;  developing measurement
capabilities in  States;  and encouraging  private  sector  development of  mitigation
methods.  Longer-term objectives  include:  providing criteria  for  determining  high
                                        R-3

-------
risk lands; demonstrating low  cost mitigation methods; expanding  measurement  cap-
abilities of States; defining  the  distribution of risks in the  United  States;  and
informing the public and industry about measurement techniques, mitigation methods,
and preventive techniques.

     Maintain  a capability  to respond  to emergenciesand to aid developmentand
testino. _ of'__ State, local, and  Federal  plans for enrepgency^response,  to "provide
conHnuous 1 nfonriat 1 on  on  radlat5!oh 1 eve 1 s  in envi ronmerital   pathways,  the  Agency
maintains fully equipped emergency response teams which can be flown to sites where
significant radiation releases have occurred or appear imminent.  Protective  Action
Guides being developed  will  provide consistent  guidance to  responsible officials
for preventive or  remedial actions  which  should  be taken to limit population expo-
sure from  unplanned  releases  of radiation.   The Environmental  Radiation  Ambient
Monitoring System provides a mechanism for tracking and measuring large atmospheric
releases of radioactive materials across the country.

     In 1987, the Agency will continue  the off-site monitoring program.  This effort
supports the Department of Energy's operation  of nuclear test sites.  In addition,
the quality assurance program  for  radiochemical  analyses will  be maintained.   The
Agency will also continue  research on  mitigating indoor radon levels.  This  effort
is described in the air section of the budget request.
                                        R-4

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                                     RADIATION
                           Actual
                            1985
 Budget
Estimate
  1986
Current
Estimate
  1986
Estimate
  1987
Increase (+)
Decrease (-)
"1987 vs 1986
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES

  Cumu1 at i ve Outputs

  Regulations:

    Proposals............... 9
    Promulgations	,	9

  Guides:

    Proposals.....	 3
    Promulgations	1
    12
     9
     11
     10
    11
    11
                           4
                           4
     +1
                                        R-5

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
RADIATION
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Radiation Research...,	 R-7
       Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance...............	 R-10
       Health Effects	R-11
                                     R-6

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                                                    RADIATION

                                                Radiation Research


PROGRAM
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance - Radiation
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects - Radiation
Salaries X Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research R Development
ACTUAL
1985

$201.2
$16.7
$217.9
$811.5
$830.2
$1,641.7
$1,012.7
$846.9
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
$196,3
$16.7
$213.0

$196.3
$16.7
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$196.3
$16.5
$212.8

$196.3
$16.5
-$8.4
-$.7
-$9.1

-$8.4
$187.9
$15.8
$203.7

$187.9
$15.8
$196.3 $8.4
-$15.8
$196.3 -$7.4

$196.3 $8.4
-$15.8
Radiation Research     TOTAL    $1,859.6
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
          $213.0     $212.8
                     -$9,
                     $203.7     $196.3
          -$7.4
Monitoring Systems -A
Quality Assurance -
Radiation

Health Effects -
Radiation

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
 3.8



15.2


19.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
                                   5.0
                                                                                    5.0
5.0
                                                           5.0

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I
                                                     ACTUAL
                                                      1985
               RADIATION

          Radiation Research

         BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
        ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
          1986                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
                   TOTAL HORKYEARS
                                                                 (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
                   Monitoring Systems I
                   Quality Assurance -
                   Radiation

                   Health Effects -
                   Radiation

                   TOTAL HORKYEARS
 4.7
15,8
20.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0

-------
                                     RADIATION


                                 Radiation Research


                           Principal. Outputs by Objective


1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
S^SSSSSSSKSSSSSSSSSSS

Objective 1:  Conduct an OJPf-Site Radj^lojical Monitoring Program

o  Annual report  of  off-site surveillance  around the  Nevada  Test Site  (NTS) ~
   Calendar Year 1986 (Monitoring)

Objective 2;  Conduct anAnalytical Radiochemical Quality Assurance Program

o  Annual report  on  laboratory  radionuclide intercomparison  studies  (Monitoring)


1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
3SB&3SS33&BSSVSS1SG3BB

Obijective 1;  Conduct an Off-SiteRadipi ogi cal Mom'toring Program

o  Annual report of  off-site surveillance around the  Nevada  Test  Site -~ Calendar
   Year 1985 (Monitoring)

Objective 2:  Conduct.anAnalytical R^jiiochemical QualityAssurance Program

o  Annual report  on  laboratory  radionuclide intercomparison  studies  (Monitoring)


1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
cs=wssa===sa=sssa»»3K

Objective 1:  Conduct an Off~Site Radiological Monitoring Program

o  Annual report of  off-site surveillance around the  Nevada  Test  Site — Calendar
   Year 1984 (Monitoring)

Objective 2:  Conduct an AnalyticalRadiochemical Quality Assurance Program

o  Annual report  on  laboratory  radionuclide intercomparison  studies  (Monitoring)
                                      R-9

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                                     RADIATION


                                 Radiation Research


Budget Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $196,300 supported by  5.0 total  workyears  for
1987, a decrease of $7,400 and no  change in  total  workyears from 1986.  The entire
request will  be  for the  Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.  This  represents an
increase of  $8,400  in the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation  and  a decrease of
$15,800 in the Research and Development appropriation.

Program Description

     The goal of the  radiation  research program  is to  provide the  Office of Radia-
tion Programs (ORP),  and  other EPA,  federal,  regional,  state and  local  officials
with scientifically  credible  data,  methodologies,  and  assessments  required  to
determine public exposure to  radioactive materials in the  environment and  to con-
trol such exposure.  The following objectives support this goal;

     Objective 1.   Conduct anOff-SiteRadiological MonitoringProgram.    The pro-
gram under thi s  objective provides comprehensive  radiological monitor!ng  and sur-
veillance services to meet specific Department of Energy (DOE)  requirements for its
nuclear testing programs, especially  at the Nevada Test Site (NTS).   This  work is
conducted under a reimbursable arrangement with DOE.

     Objective 2.   Conduct anAnalytical Radi ocheirri cal  Quality Assurance Program.
EPA conducts  aradiochemical  analytical  quality assurance program which  supports
federal, regional, state, and  local laboratories making  radioactivity measurements
to assess the Impact  of local  nuclear facilities.  It also supports  the  Office of
Radiation Programs by-serving  as a  source of radionuclide and instrument standards
and radiochemical  methods for analysis of environmental samples.


MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

1987ProgramRequest

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $196,300 supported by  5.0 total  workyears  for
this program, all  of which will  be  for the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase  of $8,400 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
a decrease of $15,800 in  the  Research and  Development  appropriation,  and  no change
in total  workyears.   The increase  in  Salaries  and Expenses reflects adjustments
to the  1986  base  as part of  government-wide deficit  reductions.   The decrease in
Research and Development  reflects  the Agency's ability to  carry out  its responsi-
bilities in this program without an extramural component.

     Conduct an Off-Site Radiological Monitoring Program.      Monitoring  support to
DOE's Nevada Test Site  and  other test  locations will  continue.  This support con-
sists of safety programs  for  nuclear testing and monitoring at the NTS  as  well as
at sites in Mississippi, Colorado, and New Mexico.

     Conduct  an  Analytical  Radiochemical  Quality Assurance Program.   Technical
expertise and guidance  to regional, state,  and  contractor  laboratories  for radio-
chemical analyses  of  environmental  samples  will  continue.   Inter-laboratory com-
parison studies will  be  initiated  to  provide data  on the  precision and accuracy of
radioactivity measurements  in  milk,  simulated  diet,  drinking   water,  and  air.
                                      R-10

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  1s  allocating a total of $203,700  supported  by 5.0 total
workyears for this  program,  of  which  $187,900 Is from  the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $15,800 is   from  the  Research and  Development  appropriation.

     In 1986, annual  reports are being  developed on off-site  surveillance around
the Nevada Test Site and on laboratory radionuclide comparison studies.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a  total   of  $217,900 supported  by 4.7 total
workyears for this  program,  of which  $201,200  was  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $16,700 was  from the Research  and   Development  appropriation.

     In 1985, the major  accomplishments  were  the publication of  the  annual report
on the  Laboratory  Radionuclide  Intercomparison  Studies  and  the  annual report  of
Off-site surveillance around the  Nevada  Test  Site.  Quality  assurance support was
also provided.


HEALTH EFFECTS
     The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1987.


1986 Program

     The Agency is  allocating no  resources  for this  program in  1986,  reflecting
the completion  of  health effects  research  needed  to  support  the development  of
Federal Radiation Protection Guidance.   A core staff is being maintained to ensure
the orderly phase-out of the program.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $1,641,700 supported  by  15.8 total
workyears for this  program,  of which $811,500  was  from the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $830,200  was  from the  Research  and  Development appropriation.

     Health effects research  on  non-ionizing radiation focused  primarily  on ques-
tions  remaining  since completion  of a  1984 report on the biological  effects  of
radiofrequency radiation.
                                       R-ll

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                      of Contents

                                                                            Page
RADIATION
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines..................*....... R-13
       Radiation Program Implementation	 R-16
       Radiation Environmental  Impact Assessment.	 R-19
                                     R-12

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                                                                           RADIATION



                                                            Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines
I
to
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED
1985 ESTIMATE 1986
1186
BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Radiation Criteria,
Standards A Guidelines
Salaries A Expenses $3,840.7 $3,756.2 $3,691.1
Abatement Control and $2,035.9 $1,544.6 $1,544.6
Compliance
TOTAL $5,876.6 $5,300.8 $5,235.7
TOTAL;
Salaries A Expenses $3,840.7 $3,756.2 $3,691.1
Abatement Control and $2,035.9 $1,544.6 $1,544.6
Compliance
Radiation Criteria, TOTAL $5,876.6 $5,300.8 $5,235*7
Standards A Guidelines
PERMANENT' WORK YEARS
Radiation Criteria, 69,7 72.3 72.3
Standards 8 Guidelines
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 69.7 72.3 72.3
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Radiation Criteria, 71.8 74.n 74.0
Standards & Guidelines
TOTAL WORKYEARS 71.8 74.0 74.0
-$158.6 $3,532.5 $3,499.0 -$33.5
-$66.4 $19478.2 $1,060.6 -$417.6
-$225.0 $5,010.7 $4,559.6 -$4Sl.l
-$1.58.6 $3,532.5 $3,499.0 -$33.5
-$66.4 $1,478.2 $1,060.6 -$417.6
-$225.0 $5,010.7 $4,559.6 -$451.1
72.3 67.0 -5.3
72.3 67.0 -5.3
74.0 69.0 -5.0
74.0 69.0 -5.0

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                                     RADIATION


                    Radiation Criteria, Standards, and Guidelines
BudgetRequest
     The Agency requests  a total  of $4,559,600  supported by 69.0  total  workyears
for 1987, a  decrease of $451,100 and  5.0 total  workyears  from 1986*  Of the  re-
quest, $3,499,000 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $1,060,600
will be  for  the  Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appropriation,  decreases  of
$33,500 and $417,600 respectively.
     EPA develops and promulgates  radiation  environmental  standards  and guidelines
under this subactivity.   These  standards and guidelines protect the  public  health
and the environment  by minimizing  risk of radiation exposures  from  nuclear  energy
applications, naturally occurring  radioactive materials, medical  and  occupational
radiation uses, and nonionizing radiation.


RADIATION CRITERIA. STANDARDS, AND GUIDELINES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total   of  $4,559,600  supported  by 69.0 total  workyears
for this program, of  which  $3,499,000 will  be for the Salaries  and Expenses  appro-
priation and $1,060,600 will  be for  the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance  appro-
priation.  This  represents  a decrease  of  $33,500 and $417,600, respectively,  and
a decrease of  5.0  total  workyears.   The decreases  reflect streamlining  support
for regulation and guidance development.

    In 1987, EPA will concentrate on three major areas:  addressing airborne radio-
nuclides, establishing standards  for radioactive  waste  management,  and developing
Federal Guidance.  The airborne radionuclides work  will  focus on the completion of
a review of phosphogypsuro piles for the potential  development of  National  Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants  (NESHAPs) under section 112 of the Clean Air
Act, as well  as following up on the existing standards as necessary.

     As part of  programs  addressing the problem  of radioactive  waste disposal, EPA
will examine extending the  coverage  of the  high-level  waste standards to address
special defense  related  wastes which  are presently  stored in various locations.
Much of this effort  will  focus on Hanford,  Washington.  EPA will also promulgate
the low-level radioactive waste standard,  which  has been expanded  to cover concen-
trated natural  and  accelerator produced  radioactive  materials.   In  addition,  EPA
will continue technical work on the development of environmental  standards or Federal
Guidance for  residual  radioactivity^  limits  at decommissioned  nuclear facilities.

     In 1987, EPA  will  complete the  development  of  technical  criteria  for ocean
dumping of radioactive  wastes.   The  Agency  will  prepare  to review and  decide on
permit applications  which may be  received for ocean dumping. The  Agency will also
participate in deliberations  of the London  Dumping Convention  and other internat-
ional bodies which are concerned with ocean disposal.

     In 1987, EPA will take appropriate action to complete Protective Action Guides
(PAGs) for airborne  plume and ingestion pathways, which will be added to the Manual
of Protective Actions.  This  manual  is used  in Federal,  State,  and local emergency
preparedness plans in the event of a radiation incident.  A draft  of the relocation
and recovery PAGs  will  be  completed  in 1987.   In addition, EPA  will  publish the
final radiofrequency radiation guidance.  Support to other Federal  agencies will be
given in the implementation of existing Federal Guidance covering  nonionizing radi-
ation, diagnostic uses  of  medical  x-rays,  and  occupational exposure  of  workers.
                                      R-14

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1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of $5,010,700  supported by  74.0
total workyears for  this program,  of which  $3,532,500  Is  from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $1,478,200 is from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

     During 1986,  regulatory projects  have  three  focal  points:   (1)  regulation
of airborne radionuclides under section 112 of the Clean Air Act,  (2) management of
radioactive wastes  under the authorities  of  the  Atomic  Energy  Act; the  Nuclear
Waste Policy Act; the  Uranium Mill  Tailings Radiation Control Act;  and  the  Marine
Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, and  (3) development of Federal  Guidance
under the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act.

     A final  NESHAPs  for licensed uranium mills  is expected to  be  promulgated in
1986.  Work will  continue on the  risk  assessment  of phosphogypsum  piles  prior to
making the  determination  of  whether  regulatory  action  is  needed.   Agreements  are
being negotiated with  Department  of Energy  (DOE) and the Nuclear Regulatory  Com-
mission (NRC) on how  NESHAPs will  be implemented at facilities  under their  cogni-
zance,  the Agency's continuing effort in the high-level  waste area Includes  taking
actions necessary to  Interpret the  high-level  waste  standards   relative  to their
Implementation.  The standard to be proposed in 1986 for land disposal of low-level
radioactive wastes  has been  extended to  cover discrete sources of natural  and
acceleraterproduced radioactive materials.   Analytical   work necessary  to  develop
environmental standards for  residual  radioactivity  at decommissioned nuclear faci-
lities also continues, with the issuance of an advance notice of proposed rulemaking.
Analytical work  continues to support  the  Agency's  capability  to   review  permit
applications for the ocean disposal of radioactive wastes.  A biological  monitoring
criteria report and  a draft  site  selection criteria report on  ocean disposal  1s
being completed.  Participation 1n International deliberations continues.  Guidance
for radiofrequency radiation  is a  candidate for proposal  and working arrangements
may be  established  with  affected  agencies  for subsequent  Implementation  of  the
guidance.  The  final  general occupational exposure  guidance will be published in
1986.  Drafts of PAGs  for airborne  plume and ingestlon pathways will  be completed,
while development of  the relocation  and recovery  PAGs  continues.    EPA  and other
Federal agencies are working together to assure adequate Implementation of existing
regulations.


1985 Accompl 1shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $5,876,600,  supported by 71.8 total
workyears for this program,  of which  $3,840,700  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,035,900  was  from the  Abatement,  Control and  Compliance appro-
priation.

     Contract funds  and workyears  supported the  gathering  of  data and  analyses
for standards  setting, particularly  In  the  areas  of  airborne  radionuclides  and
radioactive waste disposal.  This led to the completion  of  NESHAPs  for four  source
categories:  NRC  and  DOE  facilities,   non-DOE facilities,  elemental  phosphorus
plants and  underground  uranium  mines, and  to the issuance of the high-level  radio-
active waste  disposal  standards.   Progress  continued on standards  for low-level
waste disposal, guidance  for general  occupational  radiation exposure, and guidance
to limit exposure to radiofrequency radiation.  Work was Instituted on the develop-
ment of several PAGs  for use 1n the event  of a nuclear incident.  In addition, the
Agency moved forward with its program  to establish standards or guidance for residual
radioactivity at decommissioned nuclear facilities.
                                        R-15

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           RADIATION
Radiation Program Implementation


PROGRAM
Radiation Program
Implementation
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Radiation Program TOTAL
Implementation
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Radiation Program
Implementation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Radiation Program
Implementation
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985


$628.7
$628.7
$628.7
$&28.7

10.1
10.1

12.6
12.6
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

$655.1
$655.1
$655.1
$655.1

10.0
10.0

12.3
12.3
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

$601.7 -$25.9
$601.7 -$25.9
$601.7 -$25.9
$601.7 -$25.9

10.0
10.0

11.0
11.0
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


$575.8
$575.8
$575.8
$575.8

10.0
10.0

11.0
11.0
ESTIMATE
1987


$616.7
$616.7
$616.7
$616.7

10.0
10.0

11.0
11.0
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


$40.9
$40.9
$40.9
$40.9







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                                   RADIATION


                        Radiation Program Implementation
BudgetRequest
     The Agency requests a total of $616,700  supported  by 11.0 total  workyears for
1987, an Increase of $40,900 and no change 1n  total workyears from 1986.  All of the
request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.

Program Description

     This program  supports  activities  of  EPA's  Regional  offices  and  includes:
implementing the  Radon Action  Program,  participating in the review and  testing of
State radiological emergency response plans,  reviewing  environmental  impact state-
ments, providing the public with technical  information,  providing direct assistance
to State  and  local governments  with special  radiation  problems  of   a  short-term
nature, and providing the  radiological  expertise  needed  by the  Regions  to manage
radiological problems associated with the  drinking water  and  hazardous  waste pro-
grams.


RADIATION PROGRAM  IMPLEMENTATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total of  $616,700  supported  by 11.0 total  workyears for
this program,  all  of which  will  be for the  Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase  of  $40,900 and  no change in total  workyears from 1986,
The increase  reflects  adjustments  to  the  1986  base  as  part  of  government-wide
deficit reductions.

     In 1987, selected Regional  Offices will help implement the  Radon Action Program,
which addresses  radon  exposures  from naturally   occurring  sources,   by  providing
information on the assessment and mitigation of radon in structures.  EPA will also
continue to emphasize technical  assistance  to States for emergency response plan-
ning.  EPA  assists States  in  the development  of radiological  emergency response
plans and formally reviews  these plans along  with other Federal agencies under the
coordination of  the Federal Emergency  Management Agency.   Regional   Offices  will
continue to be Involved in  the characterization  and  Identification  of hazardous
waste sites contaminated by  radioactivity.   This effort supports both the EPA Head-
quarters hazardous  waste  programs  and  the  requests  from the  States.   The Regions
will continue  to  be the primary reviewers  of environmental Impact statements for
radiation facilities, such  as   commercial  nuclear power plants,  uranium  mines and
mills, and  radioactive waste disposal  facilities.  The Regions  will  assist in the
implementation of  promulgated standards and guidelines.  They will be Involved with
State agencies  and the public to present and  explain Agency radiation regulations,
particularly those for low-level waste disposal and radlofrequency radiation.  They
will provide  continued  support  to the  States for  the management of radioactive
wastes.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is allocating  a total  of $575,800 supported   by  11.0 total
workyears for  this program, all  of which is  from  the Salaries and  Expenses appro-
priation.
                                         R-l?

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      In 1986,  selected  Regional  Offices  are  providing  support  In  the  develop-
 ment  of data  and Information  In the  Improvement of  State  capabilities  for  the
 Implementation of EPA's  Radon Action Program.   Emergency  preparedness  and technical
 assistance to the States on radioactive waste  problems  also  remains a  central  focus
 of the EPA Regional  radiation  program.   Regional  programs continue tp.be  involved
,in the  characterization of  hazardous  waste  sites  subject  to  possible  remedial
 action.  The Regions are also  continuing  as  the primary  reviewer  of  environmental
 impact statements for radiation facilities such  as  uranium  mines and mills,  and
 radioactive waste disposal  facilities.  Support to  the national  program 1s  in  the
 form  of participation in the Environmental Radiation Ambient  Monitoring System  and
 regulatory work groups  and  task forces.   Cooperation with EPA's Superfund Program
 will  continue and be enhanced to identify  and survey  potential dump sites for radia-
 tion  contamination and removal.


 1985  Accompl 1 shment s

      In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a total  of  $628,700 supported  by 12.6  total
 workyears for this program, all of which  was from the  Salaries  and Expenses  appro-
 priation.

      Emergency preparedness  and  technical  assistance to the  States  and other  EPA
 Regional programs remained  the central focus  of the  EPA Regional  radiation  program.
 Regions continued to  review  environmental impact  statements  for  radiation facili-
 ties, such as uranium mills  and mines, and radioactive  waste  disposal  sites. They
 continued to be involved with the characterization of hazardous  waste sites subject
 to possible remedial action under EPA's Superfund  Program.
                                         R-18

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                RADIATION



Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment

PROGRAM
Radiation Environmental
Impact Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl iance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Radiation TOTAL
Environmental Impact
Assessment
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Radiation Environmental
Impact Assessment
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Radiation Environmental
Impact Assessment
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED CURRENT
BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS, IN THOUSANDS)


$3,085.7
$903 .9

$3,989.6

$3,085.7
$903.9

$3,989.6



50.3

50.3

56.5

56.5


$3,013.5
$600.0

$3,613.5

$3,013.5
$600.0

$3,613.5



54.0

54.0

56.0

56.0


$3,551.9
$600.0

$4,151.9

$3 ,551 .9
$600.0

$4,151.9



68.0

68.0

70.0

70.0


-$152.7 $3,399.2
-$25.9 $574.1

-$178.6 $3,973.3

-$152.7 $3,399.2
-$25.9 $574.1

-$178.6 $39973.3



68.0

68.0

70.0

70.0


$3,849.4
$2,750.0

$6,599.4

$3,849.4
$2,750.0

$6,599.4



70.0

70.0

72.0

72.6


$450.2
$2,175.9

$2,626.1

$450.2
$2slh.9

$2,626.1



2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

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                                   RADIATION


                   Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment
Bud get Request
     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $6,599,400  supported by 72.0  total  workyears
for 1987, an increase  of  $2,626,100 and 2.0 in total  workyears  from 1986.   Of the
request, $3,849,400  will   be  for  the  Salaries   and  Expenses  appropriation  and
$2,750,000 will  be  for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation,
an increase of $450,200 and $2,175,900, respectively,

ProgramDescription

     Activities in this program provide the information  necessary  to identify and
analyze radiological problems having potential  public health impacts and to support
the development of  standards  and  guidelines.   Also included under this subactivity
is the monitoring of environmental radiation, as well as laboratory analysis, tech-
nology assessments, emergency preparedness, and emergency response.


RADIATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $6,599,400  supported by 72.0  total  workyears
for this program, of which $3,849,400  will  be  for the Salaries  and Expenses appro*
priation and $2,750,000 will be for  the Abatement,  Control and Compliance appropria-
tion.  This represents increases  of $450,200 and  $2,175,900, respectively, and an
increase of 2.0  total,  workyears.   The  increases will  be  used to support the Radon
Action Program.

     In 1987, EPA will  continue  to implement a comprehensive Radon Action Program
that assists the Department  of  Energy  (DOE) in addressing  health  impacts  of radon
exposure.  This  program   includes  a  national  assessment of the  health  problem,
development of  preventive practices,  assistance  in  low-cost remedial  techniques,
field measurements,  and  development  of State  and  local  capabilities.  EPA  will
also continue  to  support  development   of  standards  under the  Clean Air Act, the
Atomic Energy Act,  and other legislative authorities.  Field studies  used  to form
the basis  of risk  assessments  and  associated  risk management  decisions  will  be
continued.  The  residual   radioactivity regulatory  initiative   will  require  con-
tinued field support to  evaluate and  confirm assumptions  built  into the develop-
ment process, including field measurement  and  analyses.  EPA will  maintain fully-
equipped emergency response capabilities at two field locations.  The Environmental
Radiation Ambient Monitoring  System  (ERAMS)  will collect  and  analyze  samples of
air, precipitation, and milk in its national network to determine ambient radiation
levels and will maintain  its preparedness  to monitor  the environment in the event
of a large-scale release  of radioactive effluents,  such  as that  which  will result
•from atmospheric testing  of  nuclear  devices.   The quality assurance program  will
be operated  to  ensure  accuracy of  all  laboratory measurements and  data analyses
conducted either inhouse   or  through  program contracts.   In addition,  support to
States, other Federal  agencies, and other  parts  of  EPA  will continue  in  the form
of radiochemical  analyses,  technical   assistance,   and  EPA participation   in the
Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors.   Monitoring  of radiation levels
in the Three Mile Island  area will continue'while  the reactor core is being removed.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency   is  allocating a  total  of  $3,973,300  supported  by  70.0
total workyears  for  this   program,  of  which  $3,399,200  is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $574,100 is from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
appropriation.
                                        R-20

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     In 1986, EPA will begin a  Radon Action  Program, a  comprehensive radon assess-
ment and mitigation effort  to  Identify the extent of the  health  hazard  associated
with elevated radon levels In structures.  EPA's program will  be designed and coor-
dinated with DOE's long-standing  program.   A national  assessment methodology  will
be developed, and standardized  measurement techniques and  protocols  will  be estab-
lished.  Information about existing measurement methods, remediation  and  preventive
practices, and health risks will be developed.   Field  validation and preliminary
identification of high  risk areas  will  be started.  Particular  emphasis  will  be
placed on  the  Reading  Prong  areas of  Pennsylvania,  New Jersey,  and  New  York.

     In addition to the Radon Action Program,  other  activities  Include:   continued
laboratory and technical  support to regulatory and guidance activities, maintenance
of an emergency response capability, coordination of EPA Regional  Office  review and
testing of State emergency  response plans, assistance  to  other EPA  offices and to
State radiological   programs,  and  support  for  ERAMS.   The  1986 program  reflects
continuing emphasis on  standard-setting activities,  including  resources for  Clean
A1r Act field and laboratory measurements  for a  uranium mills  NESHAPs necessary to
meet the regulatory schedule, and  further  development of  the  standards information
for low-level waste disposal  and  residual  radioactivity at decommissioned nuclear
facilities.  The Agency  will  continue  Its  replacement of  radiation  air  monitoring
sampling equipment  and  will  continue  to  monitor and  sample  air,  precipitation,
surface water, and milk.   Ocean disposal monitoring activities will  continue  with
monitoring and analysis of water,  biota, and sediment core samples  at  numerous ocean
sites and development of ocean disposal technical radiation criteria.  The monitor-
ing of  off-site  releases  from clean-up  operations  at Three Mile Island  will  also
continue.  Operation  of  a quality  assurance  plan for  all program activities  will
continue.  In addition,  a comprehensive environmental  assessment in  the  Pocatello
and Soda Springs areas of Idaho will be Initiated.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of $3,989,600  and  56.5 total  workyears
for this program, of  which  $3,085,700  was  from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $903,900  was  from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.

     Activities in 1985  Included:   development  of a plan  for a  Radon Action  Pro-
gran; continued laboratory and technical support to standards-setting, particularly
under the  Clean  Air  Act  for the  development of four  NESHAPs; maintenance of  an
emergency response  capability; coordination  of  EPA Regional  Office reviews  and
testing of State emergency  response plans;  and  assistance  to  other EPA offices and
to State radiological programs.   ERAMS was maintained.  Ocean  disposal  monitoring
activities Included the  development of  survey  and sampling  information,  analysis
of core samples, and  development  of criteria  information in  support  of a low-level
waste ocean  disposal  regulation.   Extramural funds  provided  partial  support  to
monitoring activities at Three Mile Island, support  to the Conference of  Radiation
Control Program Directors, and  studies necessary to  develop  scientific information
for the EPA ocean disposal program.
                                       R-21

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Interdisciplinary
       SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
INTERDISCIPLINARY                                                           1-1
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Interrnedi a Programs	 1-7
          Technical  Information and Liaison	...;	 1-13
          Exploratory Research Core Program......	,,	 1-14
          Scientific Assessment...	 1-15
          Quality Assurance Management	 1-16
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Environmental Review and Coordination.....	 1-18
       Interdisciplinary Training Grants.........	 1-23
    ENFORCEMENT
       Enforcement Policy & Technical  Support	 1-27
          Technical  Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring 1-30
          Enforcement Policy & Operations............	 1-31
          Criminal Investigations	 1-33
                                      1-1

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                                                         INTERDISCIPLINARY
                                ACTUAL      BUDGET       ENACTED     BALANCED     CURRENT       ESTIMATE    INCREASE +
                                 1985      ESTIMATE       1986        BUDGET     ESTIMATE        1987      DECREASE -
                                             1986                    REDUCTION     1986                  1987  VS 1986

                                                   (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
 Salaries & Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
 Research & Development

TOTAL, Interdisciplinary
$25,506.0   $25,107.0
 $7,808.2    $7,159.3

$22,175.7   $14,900.0

$55,489.9   $47,166.3
$26,770.7
$7,759.3
$21,742.8
$56,272.8
-$1,150.7
-$333.9
-$935.0
-$2.419.6
$25,620.0   $27,225.2     $1,605.2
 $7S425,4    $5,133.7    -$2,291.7

$20,807.8   $15,516.0    -$5,291.8

$53,853.2   $47,874.9    -$5,978.3
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
    482,5       491.0        537.7                     537,7       544,3          6.6
    533.0       521.5        568.2                     568.2       570.0          1.8
$54,857.8   $48,252.6    $60,916.3    -$1.343.6    $59,466.7   $52.572.7    -$7,106.0
 All except Research and Development 1s by virtue of the Appropriation Act.   The
 Research and Development Act expired September 30, 1981, and reauthorfzation is
 pending.

-------
                                 INTERDISCIPLINARY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
     The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA)  Interdisciplinary Program  is  com-
posed of several activities that  cut  across  programmatic lines and are  not  readily
assignable to a specific media.  These programs address environmental  concerns  that
affect several media and require an 1riterd1.sc'1pl1n.ary approach.   The  Interdiscipli-
nary Program  includes the  Intermedia  Research  Program  within  the  Research  and
Development function,  the  Federal  Agencies  Compliance  Program and  the  National
Environmental Policy  Act (NEPA)  Compliance Program  within  the Abatement and  Con-
trol function, and the legal  aspects of the Agency's enforcement  efforts.

     The Intermedia Research Program encompasses four major activities:   scientific
assessments, technical information  and liaison, exploratory  research,  and  quality
assurance management.  The  Scientific  Assessment  Program  has   responsibility  for
developing uniform risk assessment  guidelines  for Agencywide application, assuring
consistency of approach to guidelines, and coordinating with other agencies through
the Risk Assessment  Forum.   The Technical Information and  Liaison Program  distri-
butes technical and scientific information from the Office of Research and Develop-
ment with an  emphasis on  communicating  cost-effective methods  for complying  with
EPA's regulations.   The  Exploratory  Research  Program  provides   long-range   ex-
ploratory research, conducted  primarily through grants and  academic  research  cen-
ters.  It  includes  the Distinguished  Visiting  Scientist Program and the Environ-
mental Trends  Program.  The Quality  Assurance  Program provides centralized  guid-
ance and  management  for  Agency wide  Quality  Assurance  activities,  and  performs
audits to  assess  the  effectiveness  of  the   Agency Quality  Assurance  efforts.

     The Environmental  Review  and  Coordination  Program  accomplishes  statutory
objectives under the  authority of  NEPA;  Section  309  of the Clean  Air Act;  and
Executive Order  12388 -  Federal  Compliance  with Pollution  Control  Standards,  and
includes four  program activities.  The  NEPA Compliance program includes the  pre-
paration of  the Environmental  Impact  Statements   or Findings   of  No  Significant
Impact for those  agency programs  specifically covered  by NEPA as well  as  reviews
that are the functional  equivalent  for  those  agency programs  that  are not  spe-
cifically covered  by  NEPA.   The  Federal  Facilities program  oversees Federal  com-
pliance with  all  Federal   statutory  environmental  requirements, and  specifically
with Executive Order  12088.  The  Environmental  Review program ensures that  Federal
agencies carry out their activities  in an environmentally sound  manner pursuant to
NEPA and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act.  The Indians progran  develops and imple-
ments policies  for dealing  with  environmental  problems  on Indian  reservations.

     Enforcement Policy and Operations provides consistent direction to EPA enforce-
ment for all  non-Superfund media  to assure the  most effective possible steward-
ship of  EPA's  enforcement  responsibilities  as they  contribute  to the  protection
of environmental  quality.   To accomplish  this  goal, it  establishes  compliance
monitoring and  enforcement  priorities,  policies,  and  procedural   guidelines  so
that enforcement  actions are  properly  selected and prepared; establishes measures
for and  monitors  performance  in  achievement  of enforcement  outcomes;  and  assures
that policies  and  procedures  are  correctly Implemented  by  the media  enforcement
programs and Regional offices.  It conducts all legal case development,  litigation,
and adjudicatory  hearing   activities  for media  enforcement programs,  including
oversight of evidence  gathering,  preparation and management  of cases, and referral
of cases to the Department of Justice for litigation.

     In addition,  this  program  contains  the  Agency's  criminal   investigations
effort which  entails  investigation, preparation, and referral  of cases  involving
criminal violations of environmental statutes.  Investigators and attorneys provide
support to the Department of Justice during subsequent investigation  and litigation
of these  cases.   The  National  Enforcement  Investigations  Center (NEIC)  provides
                                        1-3

-------
specialized technical  expertise  in  support of  EPA enforcement  case  preparation
activities.  NEIC serves  as  a point  of  coordination and  support  for  complex  in-
vestigations, which  have   a   national  impact  on  environmental  enforcement.    In
1987, this Interdisciplinary  program  will  emphasize the support and  resolution  of
ongoing cases in order  to maximize environmental benefits by  improving compliance
with environmental  statutes.  This  program will  be  increasing  its  support of  the
Hazardous Waste Program.
                                        1-4

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                                   INTERDISCIPLINARY
                                          Budget     Current               Increase +
                                 Actual   Estimate   Estimate    Estimate   Decrease -
  PROGRAM ACTIVITIES              1985     1986       1986        1987     1987 vs. 1986

    Enforcement Actions

      Inspections*                 -                                -            -
      Notices of Violations*       -
      Administrative Orders       2623       **        2452        2580        + 128
      Civil Cases
        Ongoing                    154       **         163         171        +8
        New                        247      197         210         213        +   3
      Criminal Cases
        Investigations             100       **         100         100            0
        Referrals to DOJ            36       37          38          38            0

      Permit Support
       . RCRA                       ***       NA          77          95        +  18
        NPDES                      ***       NA         104         104            0
        U1C                        ***       NA         659         624        -  35
  *  No Interdisciplinary action, see specific media for these outputs.
 **  Numbers are not comparable due to change in definition of output.
***  No Regional  support was provided in 1985.
                                          1-5

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL- PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents

                                                                            Page
INTERDISCIPLINARY
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Intermedia Programs.	.... 1-7
          Technical  Information and Liaison*....	 1-13
          Exploratory Research Core Program	 1-14
          Scientifi c Assessment	 1-15
          Quality Assurance Management	 1-16
                                      1-6

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PROGRAM
                                                    INTERDISCIPLINARY

                                                   Intermedia Programs
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Technical Information &
Liaison
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
                       TOTAL
Exploratory Research
Core Program -
Interdisciplinary
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
                       TOTAL
Scientific Assessment
Interdisciplinary
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
                       TOTAL
Quality Assurance
Management
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research 8 Development
                       TOTAL
TOTAL:
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research 8 Development
Intermedia Programs    TOTAL
 $1,948.4
   $905.7
 $2,854.1
   $860.8
$20,395.2
$21,256.0
   $915.4
   $236.6
 $1,152.0
   $655.8
   $638.2
 $1,294.0
 $4,380.4
$22,175.7
$26,556.1
 $1,795.0   $1,786.7
   $847.2     $788.8
 $2,642.2   $2,575,5
   $658.5     $655.6
$13,226.1  $20,160.6
$13,884.6  $20,816.2
   $814.2
   $400.0
 $1,214.2
   $686.7
   $426.7
 $1,113.4
  $814.2
  $368.7
$1,182.9
  $686.6
  $424.7
$1,111.3
 $3,954.4   $3,943.1
$14,900.0  $21,742.8
$18,854.4  $25,685.9
              -$76.8    $1,709,9   $1,743.4       $33.5
              -$33.9      $754.9     $716.0      -$38.9
             -$110.7    $2,464,8   $2,459.4       -$5.4
              -$28.1      $627.5     $538.0      -$89.5
             -$866.9   $19,293.7  $13,600.0   -$5,693*7
             -$895.0   $19,921.2  $14,138.0   -$5,783.2
-$35.0      $779.2     $782.6        $3.4
-$15.9      $352.8     $800.0      $447.2
-$50.9    $1,132.0   $1,582.6      $450.6
-$29.5      $657.1     $809.1      $152.0
-$18.3      $406.4     $400.0       -$6.4
-$47.8    $1,063.5   $1,209.1      $145.6
             -$169.4    $3,773.7   $3,873.1       $99.4
             -$935.0   $20,807.8  $15,516.0   -$5,291.tt
           -$1,104.4   $24,581.5  $19,389.1   -$5,192.4

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                                                INTERDISCIPLINARY

                                               Intermedia Programs


PERMANENT HORKYEARS
Technical Information &
Liaison
Exploratory Research
Core Program -
Interdisciplinary
Scientific Assessment
M Interdisciplinary
do
Quality Assurance
Management
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL HORKYEARS
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

22.7 17.0
16.5 10.0
14.6 16.0
9.0 . 13.2
62.8 56.2

ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

ie.8
9.9
16.0
13.2
55.9

CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


16.8
9.9
16.0
13.2
55.9

ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


16.8
9.9
14.4 -1.6
13.2
54.3 -1.6

Technical Information
Liaison

Exploratory Research
Core Program -
Interdisciplinary

Scientific Assessment
Interdisciplinary
28.0
16.8
16.0
28.6
10.0
16.0
28.4
 9.9
16.0
28.4       28.4


 9.9        9.9
16.0
14.4
-1.6

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                                                                INTERDISCIPLINARY

                                                               Intermedia  Programs
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
                Quality Assurance
                Management

                TOTAL  FQRKYEARS
 9.7
70.5
13.6
68.2
13,6
67.9
13.6
67=9
13.6.
66*3
-1.6
M

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                                 INTERDISCIPLINARY


                                Intermedia Programs


                           P r i n c i pal Outguts by Objget i ye


1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1:  Assure Uniform Risk Assessment

o  Two technical  support documents for exposure  assessment  guidelines (Scientific
   Assessments)
o  Final guidelines  for health  assessment of toxicants to male/female reproductive
   system (Scientific Assessments)

Objective 3:  Technology Transfer

o  Seminars to  assist  states in the  regulation  of  toxic  pollutants in air (Tech-
   nical Information)
o  Seminars  on  technologies  available  for  beneficial  use  of municipal  sludges
   (Technical  Information)

Objective 4:  Manage the Agency-wide Mandatory Quality Assurance Program

o  Report on  review of  Agency  Quality Assurance program  plans  (annual  work plans
   and revised management  plans from 42  offices  and laboratories)  (QA Management)
o  Guidance on  audits  of data  quality for environmental  data collection activities
   (QA Management)

Objective 5;  Manage/Implement the ExploratoryGrantsand  Centers  Program

o  Solicitation for  1988 Research Grants  Proposals (Exploratory Research)
o  Annual Reports on  Research  Grants  and  Centers  Program  (Exploratory Research)
o  Bibliography of Research Grant Published Articles (Exploratory  Research)

Objecti ve .6:  Manage/Imp]ement the Envirorpental  Trends Program

o  Status reports on  U.S. Mussel  Watch and  Specimen Bank  Programs  (Exploratory
   Research)

Objective 7: Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program

o  Solicit  and  select  distinguished  scientists  for  1988  program  (Exploratory
   Research)


1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
3:e&B.!!.;8h;s.*ss.\SSBSS9a!;as9a.s

Objective 1;  Assure Uniform Risk Assessment

o  Proposed  guidelines  for assessment  of -pollutant  effects  on  human  fertility
   (Scientific Assessment)
o  Final  guidelines for chemical mixtures,  carcinogen  risk  assessment, exposure
   assessment, mutagenicity  risk assessment,  and suspect developmental  toxicants
   health assessment (Scientific Assessment)
                                         1-10

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Objective 3;  Technology Transfer

o  Trial Burn  Data  Handbook  for hazardous waste  incinerator  permit writers (Tech-
   nical Information)
o  Seminars on  the  technologies  available to decrease contaminant levels contained
   in the  Office  of  Drinking  Water  Health Advisories   (Technical  Information)

Objectiye 4;  Manage the Agency-wide Mandatory Quality AssuranceProgram

o  Report on  continuing review  of all  Agency Quality Assurance  program plans (42
   offices and laboratories) (QA Management)

ObjectiveiJ5:  Manage/Implement the Exploratory Grants and Centers Program

o  Solicitation for 1987 Research Grant Proposals (Exploratory Research)
o  Annual  reports  on  the  Research  Grants  and  Centers  Programs  (Exploratory
   Research)

Objective 6:  Manage/Implement^                          Program

o  Status Reports on Mussel Watch and Specimen Bank programs (Exploratory Research)

Objective 1" Manage/Implement the Visiting ScientistsProgram

o  Solicit and select  scientists  for 1987 Visiting Scientists Program (Exploratory
   Research)


1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
M = 3S3S3CSSrSSSSStaS«E:ffi:E = 3S»3B

Objective 1:  Assure Uniform Risk Assessment

o  Proposed guidelines  for chemical  mixtures., carcinogen risk assessment, exposure
   assessment, mutagenicity  risk  assessment,  and  suspect  developmental  toxicants
   health assessment (Scientific Assessment)

Objective 3;  Technology Transfer

o  Revision  of handbook  for remedial  action at  waste  disposal  sites (Technical
   Information)
o  Teleconference on  emergency plans for the protection of  public drinking water
   supplies (Technical  Information)

Objective 4:  Manage the Agency-wide Mandatory Quality AssuranceProgram

o  Report on  management systems  audits of  two  Agency components  (QA Management)
o  Guidance  for  revised   Quality  Assurance program  plans  for  all  Agency  data
   collection components (QA Management)

Objective 5;  Manage/Implement the Exploratory Grants and Centers Program

o  Awarded 57 research  grants (Exploratory Research)
o  Received over 200 research papers (Exploratory Research)

Objective 6:  Manage/Implement the Environmental Trends Program

o  Mussel Watch research plan (Exploratory Research)

Objective 7: Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program

o  Selected 9  visiting  scientists  for the Visiting Scientists Program (Exploratory
   Research)
                                         i-ll

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                                 INTERDISCIPLINARY


                                Intermedia Programs
BudgetRequest
     The Agency requests  a  total  of $19,389,100 supported by  66.3  total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease of $5,192,400 and a decrease of 1.6 total  workyears from 1986.
Of the  request, $3,873,100  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$15,516,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.

Program Description

     The Intermedia budget  subactivity consists of those ORD  programs  which cross
all media.   These  are  Exploratory  Research,  Technical  Information  and  Liaison,
Quality Assurance Management, and Uniform Risk Assessment.

     Objective 1:   Assure Uniform Risk Assessment.  This activity provides  Agency-
wide guidance  to  performexposure  andriskaTsessments.   These  guidelines  are
intended to  ensure  uniform assessments  that  rely  on  sound scientific  principles
and information.

     Objective 2:   Technical Information Product Management.  This  program  manages
the development of  ORD's scientific  and technicalinformation products  to  ensure
they are  properly  and  efficiently  planned,  controlled, distributed  and of  high
quality.  This program also develops special reports as needed, supports the review
of Technical  Information  Plans,  and  enforces  technical  information  standards  for
ORD information products.

     OSjective 3;   Technology Transfer.  These  activities  support  the  Stevenson-
Wydler Technology Innovation Act (P.L. 96-480).  By providing Information on  avail-
able technology and  technical  data,  states and localities  are  more able to  meet
their regulatory responsibilities.

     Objective 4;   Manage the Apncy-widei Mandatory Quality  Assurance Program.  This
program provides policy direction,  management  systems  and technical   guidelines
for the Agency-wide mandatory quality assurance program.

     Objective 5:   Manage./Itnp1etnent the Exploratory Grants and  Centers Program. The
grants program funds individual investigator-initiated research in areas of concern
to the Agency through an  open, competitive, peer-reviewed evaluation process.   The
long-term exploratory research centers will focus on multi-disciplinary  research in
eight topic  areas.   In  addition,  the  Small Business  Innovation  Research program,
the Senior  Environmental  Employment Program and the Minority  Institutions  Support
Program are managed under this objective.

     Objective6:   Manage/Iinplementthe Environmental TrendsProgram.  This program
develops biomonitoring  techniques,such asMusselWatch andthe   National  Pilot
Specimen Bank,  to   identify long-term  environmental  trends  and   research  needs.

     Objective7:  Manage/Implement the VisitingScientists Program.   This objective
develops andimplements programs  tostrengthenand  enhance  the  quality  of  the
Agency's research programs  through the exchange of scientists and  the  granting of
awards for  scientific  achievement.   The  major activity is  the   senior  Visiting
Scientists program, which  enables accomplished  scientists  to  conduct  research at
ORD laboratories.
                                        1-12

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TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND LIAISON

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $2,459,400  supported  by 28.4 total  workyears
for this program, of which  $1,743,400  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $716,000 will be for the Research and Development appropriation.  This
represents an increase of $33,500  and  a decrease  of  $38,900, respectively,  and  no
change in total  workyears.  The increase  in Salaries  and  Expenses reflects adjust-
ments to the 1986 base as part of government -wide deficit  reductions.  The decrease
in Research and Development  reflects a reduction in technology transfer activities
in order to support other research priorities.

     Jechnical Information Product Management .   In  1987,  the Center for Environ-
mental Research  Information  (tERl)  will  continue  to  be the central  point  for all
ORD information products.   It will track, process,  and  distribute all  ORD reports,
develop special   reports  as  needed,  produce all  ORD  project summaries  and  review
them for policy  implications.   Responsibilities will  continue  to fall  into three
major categories:   processing  reports  and  journal  articles  to NTIS;  reviewing,
processing, and  controlling the  quality  of  project  summaries;  and printing  and
distributing ORD information  products.  In  1987,  CERI estimates it will  receive
a slightly  higher  number of reports  for  processing  to  NTIS  (1,700).   Of  these,
there will   be  approximately 1,074  project  reports,  520  journal articles and 106
miscellaneous documents.

     These activities will  ensure  that ORD's  scientific  and technical  information
products are planned, appropriately controlled,  distributed  uniformly,  and of high
quality.

                Transfer .  Technology  Transfer  is  a  continuing  responsibility.
In response to  requests  from the  EPA program offices  and  the needs  expressed  by
the regions and  the States,  ORD  disseminates the  available technology  and  tech-
nical  data  to  States  and  localities  to  enable  them  to   meet  their  regulatory
responsibilities.  In  1987,  Technology  Transfer activities  will  be carried  out
in support  of the  Stevenson-Wydler  Technology  Innovation  Act.   Activities  will
include the design,  production,  quality  control,  and  distribution  of  materials
such as design manuals, users' guides, handbooks, and workshops.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating a  total  of  $2,464,800  supported  by  28.4
total  workyears  for  this program,  of  which  $1,709,900 is  from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $754,900  is  from the  Research  and Development appro-
priation.

     The Center  for Environmental  Research  Information  (CERI)  tracks,  processes
and distributes  all  ORD  reports, develops  special  reports as  needed and produces
all ORD  project  summaries.  Technology  transfer activity  supports  the  production
of technology transfer tools for the  Program Offices and the Regions.


1985
     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of  $2,854,100 supported  by  28.0 total
workyears for this program, of  which  $1,948,400  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and  $905,700 was  from  the  Research  and  Development appropriation.

     Major accomplishments  in  1985  included a  Teleconference  on  Emergency Plans
for the Protection  of  Public  Drinking Water Supplies.   In  addition,  several other
technology transfer  manuals  and  handbooks  were  completed  and  21  seminars  and
workshops on 6 subjects were conducted.  Over 1,300 documents were processed to the
National Technical  Information  Service,  389 project  summaries  were  produced  and
distributed, and over 26,000 requests for publications were answered.
                                         1-13

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EXPLORATORY RESEARCH CORE PROGRAM

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $14,138,000  supported  .by 9.9 total  workyears
for this program,  of which $538,000 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation and $13,600,000  will  be for  the  Research and  Development  appropriation.
This represents a  decrease  of  $89,500  and $5,693,700, respectively, and  no  change
in total workyears.   As  in previous years,  these reductions  reflect  a difference
in the way that  resources for  the Small Business  Innovation  Research  (SBIR) grant
program are accounted for between the current year (1986)  and the budget year (1987).
The 1986  resources  for  SBIR have  been consolidated -|n the  Exploratory Research
Core Program,  whereas the  1987  resources  are distributed  to each  of  the  media
research programs.  After the beginning of  1987 these resources will be consolidated
in the Exploratory  Research Core Program,   In addition, the number of  new  grants
awarded under  the  Exploratory   Grants  program will  be  reduced in  order  to focus
resources on high priority research areas,

     Manage/Implement  the  Exploratory  Brants  and Centers Program.  Applications
from individualinvestigators   willcontlnue  to5!received,  peer  reviewed  and
reviewed for  relevance to  EPA's mission.  The program  will   emphasize:  continued
improvement in quality of research; coordination with the Agency's research planning
process; broad dissemination of results  of  completed  grants,  and  coordination with
other Federal  agencies.   Seminars and workshops  featuring  the  completed work of
grantees will  continue  to  be  held in Agency  laboratories  and  ottier  locations
around the  country.  Invitees  will  include  interested  Agency staff,  peer  review
panelists, other grantees,  science media, the general  public,  representatives from
other Federal granting entities and interested State and local personnel.

     Oversight and management of  the operating  centers will emphasize attention to
new trends, discoveries  or leads coming from ongoing  studies.  An  annual  summary
report of the  results obtained  by each of the centers  will  be prepared for ongoing
evaluation of the effectiveness of the center with respect to coverage of necessary
areas or ability to  respond to  new needs.  Recommendations for reorienting existing
centers will be  prepared  when appropriate.   Symposia and workshops will be held to
disseminate information from center studies.

     Manage/Implement the Environmental Trends Program.   These resources will con-
tinue to  supportbiomonitoringactivitieswhich  include  the  Mussel  Watch  and
Specimen Bank programs at the 1986 level, The U.S. Mussel Watch program is develop-
ing methods  to measure the environmental   status  of  coastal  marine  waters.  The
National Pilot  Specimen  Bank  is developing  ways to  allocate,  analyze  and  store
samples of environmental  concern.   Both of these programs are essential  components
of the Agency's comprehensive long range research strategy.

     Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program.    This program, designed to
enable distinguished  scientists to  work in  ORD  laboratories, will  continue as in
1986.  The  scientists  who participate  in  research  activities  will   be renowned
in their fields.   The Distinguished Visiting Scientists  Program  is  ongoing and,
therefore, the  activities  and  expected accomplishments for  1987 are  similar to
those for  1986.   Involvement of  renowned  scientists in the  day-to-day activities
of ORD laboratories  will  result in exchanges  of  information beneficial to both EPA
and the scientific  community and will improve the  reputation and  credibility of
research carried out in EPA laboratories.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency 1s allocating a total  of $19,921,200  supported  by  9.9
total  workyears for this program, of which $627,500 is from the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $19,293,700 is  from  the Research and  Development  appropriation.
                                      1-14

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     The 1986 Grants  and  Centers  Program  is continuing  to  award  research  grants
and manage the  academic  research  centers to  support the  Agency's long-term  re-
search needs.   In addition,  the  environmental  trends  program,  encompassing  the
U.S. Mussel Match  and the  National  Pilot  Specimen Bank,  is continuing to  assist
the Agency in monitoring environmental trends to better anticipate emerging  environ-
mental problems and develop strategies to address them.  The Distinguished  Visiting
Scientists Program is  continuing  to  enable  outside  scientists  to-either  consult
with or conduct research in ORD laboratories,


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of $21,256,000 supported  by  16.8 total
workyears for this program,  of which $860,800 was from the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and $20,395,200 was  from the Research  and  Development appropriation.

     In 1985, the  Exploratory Research  program  reviewed 414  grant  proposals  and
awarded 57  new  grants  and  57  continuations.   The   Visiting  Scientists  program
sponsored the work of nine distinguished scientists in  ORD  laboratories,  enabling
the agency to remain in the forefront of science and strengthening EPA's  scientific
basis for regulatory decisions.


SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total   of  $1,582,600  supported by 14.4  total workyears
for this program, of which $782,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and  $800,000 will  be  for  the Research and  Development  appropriation.  This
represents an increase of  $3,400 and  $447,200,  respectively, and  a  decrease  of 1.6
total workyears.  The increases reflect the  need  for  further development of  guide-
lines and  support for methods  development  needs  identified  by the  Risk  Assessment
Forum or during the preparation of existing guidelines.

     Assure Uniform Risk Assessment.  In 1987 this  program  will  submit  for  public
comment and SAB  review  guidelines  for health assessment  of  toxicants  to the male/
female reproductive system.   Two  technical  support documents  for  exposure  assess-
ment guidelines  will  be completed  and  guidelines for systemic toxicants  will  be
proposed.

     Funds will  be used to  operate the  Risk  Assessment Forum,  which ensures  appro-
priate agency-wide  consistency  in procedures  by  reviewing program  office  risk
assessments, making recommendations  for risk assessment procedures not  covered by
established guidelines,  making  recommendations   on  risk assessment  issues,  and
recommending revisions to agency guidelines whenever necessary.  All Forum-directed
projects will be  coordinated with, and  complement, other Agency  efforts to  reduce
risk assessment uncertainties.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of  $1,132,000  supported by 16.0 total
workyears  for this  program, of  which $779,200 is  from  the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and  $352,800  is  from  the Research  and  Development appropriation.

     In 1986  guidelines  in  areas  including  carcinogenicity,  mutagenicity,  repro-
ductive effects,  systemic  effects,  complex  mixtures  and exposure assessment  are
being completed,  concluding the first  round of  risk assessment guidelines.   The
Agency's Risk  Assessment   Forum  is continuing to review  risk assessments  at  the
request of  senior management, as  well  as  provide the Agency with  revised  and up-
dated guidelines for producing risk assessments.
                                         1-15

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1985 Accompl 1 shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $1,152,000 supported by  16.0 total
workyears for this  program, of  which  $915,400  was  for  the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $236,600 was  for the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.

     Guidelines for  risk  assessment and  exposure assessment  documents  were  sub-
mitted for public comment  and  SAB  review.   These guidelines, on  carcinogenicity,
mutagenicity, chemical  mixtures,  developmental   toxicants and  exposure,  were  re-
drafted, given provisional  SAB approval  and await final SAB approval.


QUALITY ASSURANCE MANAGEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $1,209,100  supported by  1.3.6  total  workyears
for this program, of which  $809,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropria-
tion and  $400,000 will  be  for the Research  and Development  appropriation.  This
represents an increase  of  $152,000 and  a decrease of  $6,400,  respectively,  and no
change in total  workyears.  The increase in Salaries and Expenses reflects enhanced
support to the  in-house research program and increased  efforts  in support  of the
full scale auditing  program for the Agency's Quality Assurance systems.

     Manage  the  Agency-wide  Mandatory Qua!Ity Assurance Program,    In 1987, all
program offices, Regional  offices  and  Agency laboratories must  continue  to  imple-
ment quality  assurance  (QA)  procedures consistent  with  Agency policy  to  ensure
that data generated  by  the  Agency  are  reliable,  valid, and accurate.  This program
will include  review  of QA program plans   of  all  regions,  program  offices  and
laboratories; QA management system audits of selected EPA offices and laboratories;
selected reviews of  audits performed by Agency Quality Assurance Officers; develop-
ment and improvement of program-specific guidance for QA project plans;  preparation
of a QA  status  report  for senior  EPA management;  and  development of  procedures
for training QA officers and data collectors on the use of QA materials.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating  a total of  $1,063,500 supported by  13.6 total
workyears for this  program, of  which  $657,100  is  from  the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $406,400 is  from the Research  and  Development  appropriation.

     In 1986,  the  quality  assurance   activity  involves the   implementation  and
evaluation of programs to  support the development within EPA  of  scientific data of
known and acceptable quality.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a  total  of  $1,294,000 supported by  9.7 total
workyears for this  program,  of which $655,800  was from the  Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and $638,200 was  from  the  Research  and  Development appropriation.

     In 1985  the quality  assurance  activity  involved  planning  for  conducting
management systems  audits  of  the  regions,  program  offices  and  laboratories;
developing guidance   for revised  quality assurance  program plans  for  all  Agency
data collection  activities,  reviews  of  Agency  quality  assurance  audits;  and
development of guidance for data quality objectives.
                                        1-16

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget  Estimate

                                Table of Contents
INTERDISCIPLINARY

    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Environmental  Review and Coordination	  1-18
       Interdisciplinary Training Grants	  1-23
                                      1-17

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                                                      INTERDISCIPLINARY

                                           Environmental  Review and Coordination

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET,     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986

                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

PROGRAM
Environmental Review
and Coordination
 Salaries & Expenses            $4,965.9    $5,175.7   $4,927.4     -$211.8    $4,715.6   $4,851.1      $135.5
 Abatement Control  and          $5,492.8    $5,104.0   $5,154.0     -$221.7    $4,932.3   $3,078.4   -$1,853.9
 Compliance
                       TOTAL   $10,458.7   $10,279.7  $10,081.4     -$433.5    $9,647.9   $7,929.5   -$1,718.4


TOTAL:
 Salaries & Expenses            $4,965.9    $5,175.7   $4,927.4     -$211.8    $4,715,6   $4,851.1      $135.5
 Abatement Control  and          $5,492.8    $5,104.0   $5,154.0     -$221.7    $4,932.3   $3,078.4   -$1,853.9
 Compli ance

Environmental Review   TOTAL   $10,458.7   $10,279.7  $10,081.4     -$433.5    $9,647,9   $7,929.5   -$1,718.4
and Coordination


PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Environmental  Review               118.5       111.0      112.2                   112.2      108.5        -3.7
and Coordination

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS          118.5       111.0      112.2                   112.2      108.5        -3.7

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                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
                   INTERDISCIPLINARY

        Environmental  Review and Coordination

          BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE  +
         ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE      1987     DECREASE  -
           1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987  VS  1986
TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Review
and Coordination
124.7
118.2      118.2
118.2      114.5
-3.7
TOTAL WORKYEARS
124.7
118.2      118.2
118.2      114.5
-3.7

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                                 INTERDISCIPLINARY


                       Environmental  Review and Coordination
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a  total  of  $7,929,500 supported by  114.5  total  workyears
for 1987, a  decrease of  $1,718,400  and 3.7  total  workyears  from  1986.  Of this
request, $4,851,100  will   be  for the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation  and
$3,078,400 will  be  for the  Abatement, Control  and Compliance  appropriation, an
increase of $135,500 and a decrease of $1,853,900 respectively.

Prog ram Desc r1pt1 on

     Environmental  Review and Coordination  — This activity  includes four programs.
National Environmental  Policy Act (NEPA) Compliance contains  resources  for prepar-
ing EPA's  Environmental  Impact  Statements (EISs)  or,   alternatively,  determining
Findings of  No Significant  Impact   (FNSIs)  on National  Pollution  Discharge Eli-
mination System  (NPDES) new source  permits  and municipal  wastewater  treatment
grant actions to assure that new facilities  with Federal  involvement  comply with
NEPA.  The NEPA Compliance  program also provides  assistance to other  EPA programs
1n conducting functionally equivalent analyses.

     Federal  Facilities Compliance  deals  with  control  of  pollution  at  Federal
installations.  Under  Executive  Order  12088,  EPA  is   directed  to:   (1)  provide
technical advice and  assistance to Federal  agencies  to ensure that their facili-
ties comply  with  pollution  control  requirements  in  a  cost  effective  and  timely
manner;  (2) assist Federal  agencies  and the Office of Management and  Budget (OMB)
in developing  budgetary plans for controlling  pollution  at Federal  facilities; and
(3) resolve disputes regarding  Federal  facilities' violations  of  pollution control
requirements through administrative  mechanisms.   The Federal  Facility  compliance
effort is a comprehensive multi-media  program which works with and  coordinates the
individual single-media programs  to  establish one  Integrated and  focused effort,
enabling EPA to deal with  other  Federal agencies on their pollution  control pro-
blems in  a highly  efficient and  effective  manner,  and not through  fragmented,
single-media approaches.

     Pursuant to NEPA  and  Section   309 of the  Clean Air  Act,  the  Environmental
Review program reviews  and comments publicly on the environmental impact of proposed
projects, regulations,  and  other major Federal actions.   This broad  mandate encour-
ages expedited  environmental assessment  of all  Federal projects  and  activities.
The major  objective  is to  minimize  the adverse  environmental  impacts  of Federal
proposals by:  (1) effective  liaison with other Federal  agencies,  (2)  early identi-
fication of significant environmental  issues, and (3) timely review of major actions.

     The Indian  Program coordinates  the  extension  of  EPA  programs   to  American
Indian reservations.  This  effort emphasizes  coordination of  Agency activities and
support  of activities  designed  to improve the environmental  management capability
of tribal governments.   It  includes identification of, and work on,  priority tribal
projects and  resolution of  legal, policy, and procedural problems  hampering EPA's
ability  to work with tribal   governments.


ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW AND COORDINATION

1987 P rog ram Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of  $7,929,500 supported by  114.5  total workyears
for this program, of which  $4,851,100  will  be for the Salaries and  Expenses appro-
priation and  $3,078,400 will be  for  the Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This  represents   an  increase of  $135,500 in  Salaries and  Expenses,  a
decrease of $1,853,900  in Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance,  and  a  decrease  of 3.7
total workyears.  The  increase  is  for  increased support  costs  and  the decrease
reflects a reduction in NEPA compliance activity.
                                         1-20

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     Efforts will continue to  be directed toward  ensuring  that  EPA complies with
its NEPA requirements.   In  1987, the Agency expects a  decline  in NEPA  compliance
activity, as  only  ongoing construction  grant  projects will  be funded  in  1987.
The request  includes  only those extramural  resources  necessary to  complete on-
going projects and  to support  analyses  for  phased, segmented  projects.  The re-
quest supports expected  increases  in the  NPDES area due  to the issuance  of new
source performance  standards  for oil and  gas  production facilities  on the  Outer
Continental Shelf.   An  increase in  the  demand  for NEPA compliance  resources  in
conducting functionally  equivalent   analyses,  particularly  in  the  Comprehensive
Environmental Response,  Compensation,  and Liability  Act (CERCLA)  and  Toxic Sub-
stances Control Act (TSCA) areas is  also  expected.

     The Agency  will  place  increased  emphasis on  advice  to  Federal  agencies  on
pollution control  methods and   requirements,  compliance monitoring,  and  dispute
resolution under Executive  Order 12088.   Particular emphasis  will  be placed  on
hazardous waste  problems  on  Federal  installations  in  cooperation with the  Office
of Solid  Waste and Emergency  Response.   The  Agency  will   continue  to review and
comment on  draft  and final  EISs  and  improve   coordination  with  other  Federal
agencies with  respect to  the Section 309 and  NEPA  review processes.   Finally, the
Agency will  strengthen  overall  "outreach"  with  tribal  groups. . The  office will
continue implementation  of the  Agency's  Indian program, through technical  support
and consultation designed to  strengthen  the  environmental  management  capabilities
of tribal  governments.   Principal emphasis will  be placed on  evaluating  prototype
technical and  institutional  solutions  to environmental  problems on tribal  lands.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of  $9,647,900 supported by  118.2
total workyears  for  this program,  of  which $4,715,600 is   from the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $4,932,300 is from  the Abatement,  Control  and  Com-
pliance appropriation.  In 1986, the NEPA Compliance program is  increasing  empha-
sis on oversight of State programs  which are doing much of  the basic environmental
analysis.  EPA is  also continuing work  on site-specific assessments and  EISs, and
increasing efforts  in conducting functionally equivalent  analyses especially  in
the hazardous  and  toxic  waste areas.  The Agency is  continuing to assist  Federal
agencies in  identifying   facilities  needing  pollution  controls,  determining the
most cost  effective  control, and resolving  disputes  surrounding facilities  which
are out  of compliance.    The  Agency  is also continuing to  work  on the  review  of
environmental impacts of  proposed  projects,  regulations, and  other major  Federal
actions, as  required  by  both the NEPA and Section  309.  The major  objective  is  to
minimize the  adverse  environmental  impacts  of  Federal   proposals  by:  (1)  effective
liaison with  other  Federal  agencies; (2)  early identification  of  significant en-
vironmental issue ; and  (3)  timely  review of major actions.   In  1986,  the  program
is working  to improve the environmental  management capability  of tribal  govern-
ments, which includes increased outreach  and  technical  assistance to tribal  govern-
ments and  resolution  of  legal, policy,  and  procedural  problems hampering  EPA's
ability to work with tribal  governments.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of  $10,458,700 supported  by  124.7  work*
years for  this program,   of  which $4,965,900  was  from the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and  $5,492,800  was  from  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.  In  1985, this  program  consisted  of  two   program  elements,  NEPA
Compliance and  Federal  Facilities  Compliance.  The NEPA  Compliance program pre-
pared EISs and  FNSIs  as  required in connection with construction grants and  NPDES
projects; conducted overviews  of related state activities;  and provided assistance
                                        1-21

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to other  programs  in  conducting  functionally  equivalent  analyses.   The  Agency
continued its  efforts  to  provide technical  advice  and  assistance  to  Federal
agencies to  ensure  that their  facilities  comply  with  pollution control  require-
ments in  a  cost effective  manner; to review  and comment  on  proposed actions  of
other Federal  agencies'  actions to ensure that  public  health  and the  environment
was protected; to improve liaison  with other Federal  agencies, and  to identify and
resolve environmental concerns  on Indian lands.   In  1985, the Agency  adopted and
began implementation of an Indian Policy.
                                        1-22

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                                                   INTERDISCIPLINARY



                                            Interdisciplinary Training Grants

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET ENACTED
ESTIMATE 1986
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Interdisciplinary
Training Grants
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and
Compl 1 ance
Interdi scipl inary TOTAL
$458.4
$458.4
$458.4
$458.4
$550.0
• $550.0
$550.0
$550.0
-$23.7
-$23.7
-$23.7
-$23.7
$526.3
$526.3
$526.3
$526.3
-$526.3
-$526.3
-$526.3
-$526.3
Training Grants

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                                 INTERDISCIPLINARY

                         Interdisciplinary Training Grants

Budget Request
     The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1987.

ProgramDescription
     This program  encouraged  academic  training  in the  environmental   sciences  by
providing economic support,  through fellowships  and  training  grants,  to students
who are  interested  in entering this  field.  This program  is being phased  out  in
1986.

INTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING GRANTS
1987 Program Request
     The Agency is not requesting funding for this activity in 1987.

1986 Program
     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating  a  total  of $526,300 for this program within
the Office  of  Research  and Development (ORD), all  of which  is  for the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.  Resources are being used to begin the phase-
out of this program.
jj>85 Accompli shments
                                                                      v
     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total of $458,400  to this program within the
Office of Research and Development  all  of which  was  for the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.  The program funded 41 minority fellowships.
                                        1-24

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                                                       INTERDISCIPLINARY

                                             Interdisciplinary Technical Assistance
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
EPA Disaster Assistance
 Salaries X Expenses
                       TOTAL
                                   $10.0
                                   $10.0
TOTAL:
 Salaries £ Expenses

Inter d-1 sc1 pi 1 nary      TOTAL
Technical Assistance

PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                   $10.0

                                   $10.0
EPA Disaster Assistance

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL MORKYEARS


EPA Disaster Assistance

TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                      .2

                                      .2

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                               1987 Budget Estimate
                                Table of Consents
                                                                            Page
INTERDISCIPLINARY
    ENFORCEMENT
       Enforcement Policy & Technical  Support	 1-27
          Technical  Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring 1-30
          Enforcement Policy & Operations	 1-31
          Criminal Investigations	 1-33
                                      1-26

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to
-vj
                                                                            INTERDISCIPLINARY

                                                                 Enforcement Policy S Technical Support
ACTUAL
1985
PROGRAM
Technical Support
Office of Enforcement
And Compliance
Monitoring
Salaries % Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Enforcement Policy ft
Operations
Salaries X Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Criminal Investigation
Program "
Salaries A Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)


$3
$1

$5


$12


$12





$16
$1


,478.3
,547.6

,025,9


,671,4
$309.4

,980.8





,149.7
,857.0


$3
$1

$4


$12


$13





$15
$2


,277.9
,705.3

,983.2


,699.0
$350.0

,049.0





,976.9
,055.3


$3,137.0
$1,705.3

$4,842.3


$13,796.4
$350,0

$14,146.4


$966.8
$966.8

$17,900.2
$2,055.3


-$134.7
-$73.4

-$208.1


-$593.2
-$15.1

-$608.3


-$41.6
-$41.6

-$769.5
-$88.5


$3', 002
$1,631

$4,634


$13,203
$334

$13,538


$925
$925

$17,130
$1,966


.3
.9

.2


.2
.9

.1


.2
.2

.7
.8


$3,064
$1,705

$4,769


$13,475
$350

$13,825


$1,961
$1,961

$18,501
$2,055


.1
.3

.4


.4
.0

.4


.5
.5

.0
•.3


$61.8
$73.4

$136.2


$272,2
$15.1

$287.3


$1,036.3
$1,036.3

$1,370.3
$88.5
                   Compliance
                  Enforcement Policy 4   TOTAL
                  Technical  Support
$18,006.7   $18,032.2  $19,955.5     -$858.0   $19,097.5  $20,556.3     $1,458.8

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           INTERDISCIPLINARY



Enforcement Policy 8 Technical Support


PERMANENT WQRKYEARS
Technical Support
Office of Enforcement
And Compliance
Monitoring
Enforcement Policy 8
Operations
Criminal Investigation
Program
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORK YEARS
Technical Support
Office of Enforcement
And .Compliance
Monitoring
Enforcement Policy 8
Operations
Criminal Investigation
Program
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

49.7 66.4
251.3 257.4

301.0 323.8

61.5 66.4
276.1 268.7

337.6 335.1
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

65.4
279.2
25.0
369.6
ft
65.4
291.7
25.0
382.1
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


65.4
279.2
25.0
369.6

65.4
291,7
25.0
382.1
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 'DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


62.5 -2.9
784.0 4.8
35.0 10.Q
381.5 11.9

62.5 -2.9
291.7
35.0 10.0
389.2 7.1

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                                 INTERDISCIPLINARY


                      Enforcement Policy and Technical  Support
BudgetRequest
     The Agency  requests  a total  of $20,556,300  supported by  389.2 total  work-
years for 1987,  an  increase  of $1,458,800 and  7.1 total  workyears  from  1986.   Of
the request  $18,501,000 will  be  for the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation  and
$2,055,300 will be  for the Abatement, Control and  Compliance  appropriation.   This
represents an increase of  $1,370,300 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$88,500 in the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appropriation.

program Descri pti on

     The program areas under this subactivity include:

     Technical  Support -  Office of  Enforcementand Compliance  Monitoring —  The
National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) provides Headquarters and Reg1 onal
Offices with  technical  support  for litigation development  in  nationally managed
cases; cases  with  precedential  implications;  criminal  cases;  cases with  multi-
Regional impacts; cases involving unique technological requirements and complexity;
and cases which  exceed a Region's  capability and  resources.   NEIC plans,  develops,
and provides  technical assistance  for civil  and criminal  cases  under all  statutes
administered  by the Agency.

     Enforcement Pol 1icy and Operations — This  program element  provides  the legal
enforcement ancT  compliancemonitoring component of Agency enforcement  programs in
all non-Superfund media.   The  Headquarters  component  is  responsible for  Implemen-
tation of all  aspects  of  legal  enforcement  activities in which  EPA is  a  plaintiff
and provision  of  consistent direction and coordination of Agency legal  enforcement
policies, strategies,  and  case  development  activities.   In  addition,  the  Head-
quarters component is responsible for oversight of the Agency's compliance efforts,
including establishment  of Agencywide   criteria  for  use  In  the development  of
media-specific compliance  strategies, the negotiation of compliance and enforcement
commitments, and  the  overview  of  the  implementation of  strategies and  program
objectives.  The  Office  of Enforcement  and  Compliance Monitoring  conducts  cross-
media analyses  of  Agency  compliance and  enforcement activities and acts as  a
leader in fostering new compliance and enforcement approaches.

     Regional legal  resources  are  used  to  translate national  priorities into  a
credible enforcement presence tailored  to particular Regional  characteristics  and
designed to  maintain  statutory  compliance  in  the  most  cost-effective  manner.
Consultation  is  provided  to  Regional  media program  clients  for development  of
effective compliance  monitoring  and  enforcement   strategies,  including advice  on
strategies for  use  of administrative and judicial  remedies.   Emphasis  is  placed
on timely  and  appropriate enforcement   response  to  significant  violations  and
management of  ongoing caseload  to achieve  equitable  resolution  and  swift  return
of violators to compliance.  Cooperation with State enforcement agencies in pursuit
of timely  and appropriate  enforcement  remedies  and  maintenance of  an  effective
Federal enforcement presence are important goals of this program.

     Criminal Investigations — This program  element provides a nationally  directed.
Regionally implemented system for  the investigation  and swift prosecution of suspec-
ted criminal  violators of environmental  statutes.   A  significant objective of this
program 1s to  act  as  a deterrent to  violation  of  environmental  laws.  The program
is operated  in  close  cooperation  with  comparable State  activities,  where  they
exist.
                                         1-29

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TECHNICAL SUPPORT - OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE  MONITORING.

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $4,769,400  supported  by 62.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,064,100 will  be  for the  Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,705,300 will  be for the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.  This  represents  an  increase  of  $61,800  in the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation, an  increase  of  $73,400  in  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
appropriation, and  a  decrease  of  2.9 total  workyears  from 1986.   The increases
reflect increased technical   support  costs.   The decrease  in workyears reflects  a
shift to the criminal  investigation program.

     This program  element  covers   the  activities   of  the   National   Enforcement
Investigations Center (NEIC) with  respect to support of  all  non-Superfund  enforce-
ment actions.  In  1987, NEIC  will  continue  to provide case  development  support  in
nationally managed  cases  having  precedential   implications, unique technological
requirements and  complexity,  multi-Regional  impacts,  and  resource  requirements
exceeding Regional  capabilities.   NEIC  will  continue implementation  of  rigorous
technical compliance monitoring procedures particularly with  respect  to groundwater
contamination, air toxics, and municipal  and pretreatment compliance.  Efforts  will
continue to improve technical  support to investigations and  case  preparation through
greater access to appropriate data bases, and  improved technical  investigative and
evidence audit support.  Improved procedures for the development of  cases under the
Safe Drinking Water Act with particular emphasis upon protection and  restoration  of
groundwater supplies  and  "imminent and  substantial  endangerment  cases under  Sec.
1431 will be  instituted.   Emphasis  will  be placed  oh  case file development  and
evidence audits.  Priority will be afforded to  investigations,  cases,  and  remedial
actions having  potential  for  a high degree  of environmental  improvement.   NEIC
will also continue  to  provide technical  leadership  in executing  field  and labora-
tory data analyses  in  support.of  special  studies  involving  crossmedla  geographic
initiatives.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of $4,634,200  supported  by  65.4
total workyears for this  program,  of  which  $3,002,300  is  from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation  and  $1,631,900  is  from  the Abatement,  Control  and  Com-
pliance appropriation.

     In 1986,  NEIC's  operations Include  the following  support to  media  specific
activities:  support  to  civil and criminal  cases  potentially  leading  to  Resource
Conservation and  Recovery  Act (RCRA)  prosecutions;   development  of  computerized
information searches for  RCRA preliminary investigations,  and  extensive laboratory
support to  RCRA investigations;  audit  of contract performance  of major Department
of Defense  contractors engaged  in  hazardous  waste transportation  and disposal;
and provision  of  expert  testimony  }n  cases developed in  prior years.  NEIC  also
provides technical  support  in the  effort to  gain  control  of the  Illegal  blending
of hazardous  wastes with  domestic  fuel  oil  burned  In low temperature  boilers.

     NEIC support to enforcement of the Clean Water Act 1n  1986  involves laboratory
analysis and  technical  expert testimony  for civil   and  criminal actions;  conduct
of technical information  searches  for Regional investigations;   support  of ground-
water protection  by providing  laboratory analysis,  strategy,  and policy  reviews;
conduct of  evidence audits  in  support of  the pretreatment Initiative;  provision
of technical leadership in  cases of large, complex  municipal treatment facilities
which are  malfunctioning  or  failing to  meet  permit  limitations;  and  support  of
field studies required by special crossmedla geographic initiatives.
                                         1-30

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     NEIC support to  the Clean Air  Act enforcement  program  during  1986  Includes
laboratory support to -enforcement  cases;  computerized  information searches;  auto
tampering investigations; and laboratory  support to the mobile  source lead-in-gas
program.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $5,025,900 supported  by  61.5 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,478,300  was  from the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $1,547,600 was from the  Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appro-
priation.

     In all  statutory  areas,  case  preparation activities, and technical  support  to
enforcement actions against  significant violators  were provided.  Particular  em-
phasis was  placed  on  support to  the RCRA program,  including  auditing  contractor
performance on hazardous  waste transportation  and  disposal, and  work  on  illegal
fuel blending.  Emissions monitoring protocols  and  requirements were developed and
testing for  violations of  National Emission Standards for Hazardous A1r Pollutants
continued.  Tampering   and  defect   surveys  were  conducted.   Substantial  increases
were provided in  support  to mobile  source enforcement.  The NEIC provided compliance
evaluations, performance audit inspections, multi-media inspections, and evaluations
of major  publicly  owned treatment  works  suspected  of  noncompllance,  as   well  as
Clean Water Act case support.  Technical assistance was also provided to the pesti-
cides and toxics enforcement efforts, with particular emphasis on PCB's and manage-
ment of Confidential Business Information in TSCA case preparation.


ENFORCEMENT POLICY AND OPERATIONS

1987 Prog ram [Request

     The Agency  requests  $13,825,400 supported  by  291.7 total  workyears  for this
program, of  which  $13,475,400 will  be  for the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation
and $350,000  will   be  for  the  Abatement,  Control   and  Compliance  appropriation.
This represents  an-increase of $272,200  in Salaries and Expenses and  $15,100  In
Abatement, Control  and Compliance.   There  1s  no change in  workyears.   The  in-
creases reflect  support  to accelerated  enforcement  activity including  additional
support to  swift  and  effective  resolution of the ongoing judicial  and administra-
tive caseloads.

     At Headquarters,  emphasis will be placed on development and use of enforcement
strategies which capture,  where possible,  the  benefits of cross-media  geographic
initiatives, with  particular  attention to hazards  most  threatening  to long  term
public health  (eg.  hazardous  waste  disposal, toxic  substances  and  groundwater
protection).  Legal enforcement resources  will  be  devoted to continued policy
development, management of nationally significant cases and review of major judicial
enforcement  actions to  insure  national  consistency of Agency  policy  and statutory
interpretation.  As in  1985  and  1986,  Headquarters will  continue  expansion of its
program of direct referral of certain classes of cases to the Department of Justice,
to avoid any duplicative  review.   Monitoring and assessment  of the implementation
of enforcement  initiatives  begun  in   1985  and  1986 and  adjustment or  elabora-
tion of policy guidance as needed  will  continue (e.g. monitoring State and Federal
enforcement  relationships,  managing  the   Agency strategic  planning  process  for
compliance and enforcement programs  for all media,  further testing  of alternative
dispute resolution techniques).

     Headquarters will continue support to Regions in management of new and ongoing
litigation through  policy  Interpretation,  selective  participation  in  critical
national cases,  and management of contract resources to provide  expert witnesses
for resolution  of civil  litigation.  There  will  be  continued implementation  of
compliance planning and evaluation  functions, with emphasis on the design  of enforce-
ment strategies and initiatives and  use of  special  studies to  assess the  current
effectiveness of  environmental  enforcement.   Performance  measures  which  gauge
Federal and  State  success in  achieving  environmental  results  will be  refined.
Additionally, stewardship of the Agency's  information base  on judicial enforcement
activity and exploration of  new  and  better  ways to use  that  information base will
continue.

                                        1-31

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     The critical  Regional concern in 1987 will be management of the ongoing  docket,
since the consequences of delay are  grave for environmental  quality, and  the docket
has grown in  both size  and  complexity as a  result  of enforcement  initiatives  in
1985 and 1986.  Lack of vigorous action by EPA to bring  cases  to  closure  is  an  open
invitation to a well-informed  regulated community to adopt delaying tactics which
both prolong environmental  harm and  dilute deterrent  impact*

     Regional resources  will have  as their highest priorities  in  1987 timely  and
appropriate response to  newly  detected statutory violations  (primarily  initiation
of administrative or  judicial  actions  against significant noncompliers) and swift
and effective resolution of ongoing  enforcement actions.  Statutory priorities  will
include implementation of the  reauthorized RCRA,  particularly  in corrective action
(both administrative  orders  and permits),  continued  enforcement  of the National
Municipal and  Pretreatment  Policies,   underground   injection  control   permitting
and enforcement, air  toxics  and the consequences of  ozone nonattainment in 1987,
asbestos demolition and  PCB's.   In  addition,  Regional  resources will support the
criminal investigation program  by moving  appropriate  cases to  swift prosecutorial
action.

     Significant energy  will  be devoted  to  continued  participation in  the State
Enforcement Agreements  operated for their  first year  in 1985,  with  particular
attention paid to carrying through  on the use of timely  and appropriate enforcement
actions.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating a total  of  $13,538,100 supported by 291.7
total workyears for  this program,  of  which $13,203,200  is  from the Salaries  and
Expense appropriation  and  $334,900  is  from the  Abatement, Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.

     The thrust of this  program  in  1986 is the maintenance  of vigorous enforcement
and compliance monitoring partnerships with the States,  to produce maximum environ-
mental  results with the most effective combination of national policy direction and
Regional line  management.   Activities  at Headquarters include  monitoring  of the
State-Federal partnership in enforcement  of  environmental laws;  maintenance of the
legal policy  guidance and  case management for the criminal  investigation  program;
explicit articulation  and  updating  of national  enforcement priorities  and legal
enforcement policies  for major media  programs;  development  and  implementation  of
enforcement strategies  and  initiatives;  operation  of  the  Strategic  Planning and
Management System for Agency enforcement operations;  management reviews of enforce-
ment performance; and support   of Regional  legal enforcement  activities to insure
equity of treatment  for the regulated community and a firm  national enforcement
posture.

     Regional legal  enforcement resources are being devoted  to resolution of  ongoing
judicial and  administrative  cases,   generation of civil  referrals most  likely  to
improve environmental quality through returning significant violators to compliance,
and maintaining a credible presence..  Regional legal  staff are working closely  with
media and State counterparts  to select  appropriate strategies and choice of enforce-
ment tools.   Legal  time  has  been  devoted  to  careful  consultation  early  in the
compliance monitoring  and enforcement process  to  hasten positive  outcomes   and
avoid protracted  negotiation or litigation.   The result  has been  generation  of a
high number  of enforcement  actions which  promise major compliance  payoffs.   To
capture these payoffs, a  significant increase in Regional resources  is being targeted
to the  resolution of ongoing caseload and effective enforcement of the reauthorized
RCRA.  Resources are generally  shifting towards administrative enforcement,  partic-
ularly in the complex  areas  of  hazardous  waste and toxics.   Regional legal  support
is also provided to the criminal investigation program.
                                        1-32

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1985 Accompl i shments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $12,980,800  supported  by  276.1  total
workyears for this program, of which $12,671,400 was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $309,400 was  from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.

     The thrust  of Headquarters  resources  1n   1985  was  further development  and
evaluation of enforcement and  compliance monitoring strategies to  produce maximum
environmental results through  the most  effective combination  of  national  policy
direction — Regional  line management and  collaboration with the States.   Particular
emphasis was given to policy  development in areas of major statutory change, testing
and expansion of new strategies  to support effective case resolution, and clarifica-
tion of methods  for  both clearly establishing enforcement goals and monitoring the
status of statutory  compliance  nationwide.   The year 1985 marked the Inauguration
of national   operation  of  the  criminal  Investigation  program.   This  included
outstationing of investigators in all  ten Regions, under central direction at NEIC,
coupled with legal policy guidance and  case  development  support from Headquarters.

     In 1985, Regional  legal  enforcement resources were devoted  to vigorous judicial
and administrative  enforcement,  with  particular  emphasis   on  generating  civil
referrals to  bring  significant  noncompliers  back into  compliance  and  provide  an
effective deterrent.  For the same reasons,  active support was provided to prosecu-
tion of  criminal  cases  in the first year  of  national  operation of the criminal
program.  Substantial care was given to early  consultation  with media  and  State
colleagues, to  produce  the  most appropriate  enforcement response.   In additon,
resources were used to support permit review and appeals in both the water and RCRA
programs.  In addition, considerable emphasis was placed on the continued operation
of enforcement agreements  with  States  which included clear  articulation of timely
and appropriate  responses  to violations  and ground  rules  for Federal  oversight.


CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS PROGRAM

1987 ^ Program i Request

     In 1987, the Agency requests  a  total   of  $1,961,500 supported  by  35.0 total
workyears for this  program,  all  of which will be for  the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.  This represents an increase of  $1,036,300 and 10.0 total workyears.
This Increase is to provide additional  support  for  continued  national  operation  of
the program.

     In 1987, the criminal  investigation program  will  continue to operate  as  a
national network, with particular emphasis on hazardous waste enforcement, in which
area there is likely  to be a significant increase  in  criminal  activity due to the
provisions of the reauthorized RCRA.  The program will  also stress close coordination
with administrative  and civil judicial  enforcement initiatives, to  maximize  both
the number of significant  violators  returned to compliance and the deterrent value
of a  Federal  criminal   enforcement  presence.  This program  will  continue  to  work
closely with  State  criminal  enforcement  efforts, through the  Northeast Hazardous
Waste Coordinating  Committee and the  National   Association  of Attorneys General.
     In 1986,  the Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of  $925,200  supported by  25.0
total workyears,  all  of  which is  from the  Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.

     In 1986, the program, 1s continuing its second year in operation as a national
enforcement presence.   Approximately  60 percent  of the  program's  emphasis is  on
violations of RCRA; the water program is next with about 20 percent of the Agency's
investigations, followed  by  toxic substances  10  percent and  air  10  percent.   In
                                        1-33

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its second year, the  program  has capitalized on experience to improve  on  the  1985
ratio of 1 indictment  in  5 investigations to approximately 1 in  3.   As  the  courts
have gained experience with cases of environmental  crime,  and are showing increased
willingness to hand down significant fines and  sentences,  the program's  importance
as a deterrent is growing substantially.


1985 Accomp1ishments

     In 1985, this  program  was  included  under  Enforcement Policy and  Operations.
                                        1-34

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Toxic Substances
       SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
TOXIC SUBSTANCES                                                            TS-1

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Chemical Testing & Assessment	 TS-8
          Scientific Assessment.	 TS-16
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance	 TS-17
          Health Effects	»,	 TS-18
          Environmental Engineering and Technology.	TS-19
          Environmental Processes and Effects	 TS-20
    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Toxic Substances Financial Assistance	 TS-23
          Asbestos-in-Schools Loans and Grants.......	 TS-25
          Asbestos-in-Schools Program Administration..	TS-26
       Toxic Substances Strategies	 TS-28
          Toxics Integration	TS-31
          Chemical Testing	TS-3Z
          Existing Chemical  Review......	 TS-34
          New Chemi cal Revi ew	TS-36
    ENFORCEMENT
       Toxic Substances Enforcement	 TS-40
          Toxic Substances Enforcement..	 TS-42
          Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants	 TS-44
                                    TS-1

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APPROPRIATION
                                                         TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                   (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
 Salaries 4 Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compli ance
 Research & Development

TOTAL, Toxic Substances
 $38,770.3   $39.8fi8.9    $39,859.9
 $72,370.8   $28,662.9    $78,662.9

 $13,463.5   $26,400.3    $24,808.5

$124,604.6   $94,952.1   $143,331.3
-$1,714.1    $38,145.8    $38,996.9        $851.1
-$3,382.6    $75,280.3    $28,875.7    -$46,404.6

-$1,066.4    $23,742.1    $21,455.1     -$2,287.0

-$6,163.1   $137,168.2    $89,327.7    -$47,840.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
     767.3       796.6        804.8                     804.B       792.5         -12.3
     852.2       856.3        865.0                     865.0       858.2         -6.8
 $84,562.6   $94,151.1   $125,687.4    -$2.911.3   $122,776.1  $128,594.4      $5,818.3
 Authorization for the Toxic Substances Control  Act expired  September 30,  1983,  and
 reauthortzation is pending

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                                TOXIC SUBSTANCES


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY


     Enacted in 1976, the Toxic  Substances  Control  Act (TSCA) provides the  Agency
with a comprehensive set of  authorities  through which to deal with all aspects  of
a chemical's lifecycle.  TSCA's  provisions  cover  over  60,000 existing  chemicals
already in  commerce when  TSCA  was  passed  and  all  new  chemicals  manufactured
since the  establishment  of  the  TSCA  Inventory of  Chemical   Substances  in  1979.

     Initially, the establishment of programs to evaluate the  risks and benefits  of
new products took precedence over the establishment of programs to evaluate existing
products.  In 1984, the emphasis  began  to shift toward dealing with the many complex
existing chemical   problems.  The existing  chemicals  review  process  has  about  85
existing chemicals, as  well  as  several  existing chemical  categories  encompassing
many more chemicals, in some stage  of problem characterization, information gather-
ing, risk assessment, or risk management.

     The 1987 budget request continues to recognize  the need to address risks posed
by existing chemicals while maintaining an effective new chemical  program.   In 1987,
six major  activities  will  be emphasized;  1)  reducing  existing  chemical  risks,
2) crossmedia environmental  problems, 3) adressing asbestos hazards, 4) new chemical
reviews, 5) compliance monitoring of existing regulations, and  6) research and devel-
opment.

Reduce Signi ficantRisks FromExisting Chemicals

     The single overriding  priority  of the 1987 toxic  substances program will  be
the emphasis given to reducing  significant  risks  from existing  chemicals.   This
emphasis is  reflected  in the  Agency's 1987  priority  list  where the  reduction  of
risks from  existing pesticides  and  existing  industrial  chemicals is the  highest
priority.  The  Agency  will   address  existing chemical  problems  using an  EPA-wide
multi-statute approach  in  which TSCA  may  in some  cases  be the key information
gathering and analysis tool.  In some cases, TSCA Section 6 or Section 9 may be the
most effective authority to deal with the problem; in other cases, other EPA statutes
may be the  remedy of choice.  In the toxic substances  program, we will  expand the
category approach to all  aspects  of the existing chemical program—testing, informa-
tion gathering,  evaluation,  and  risk management.   By  looking  at  categories  of
existing chemicals, we  can  better address the  risks of  potential  substitutes for
problem chemicals, take actions that are equitable for all  chemicals in that category
(both new  and  existing), and  reduce  the  backlog  of  existing chemicals  awaiting
action.

Support Important Cross-Media EnylronmentaJ^JP^obT^ems

     There will be greater  use  of TSCA to  support regulations  controlling human
exposure to  harmful  chemicals taken  under other programs.  Consideration  of the
information gathering and analysis  needs of  other  offices will be an integral part
of TSCA activities.  TSCA will support the Agency's groundwater efforts with emphasis
on volatile  organic compounds,  fertilizers,  and  septic tank  discharges.   He will
also continue support to the Agency's acutely toxic  chemicals  program by using TSCA
authorities and providing chemical  expertise to  update the list  of  acutely toxic
chemicals and chemical  profiles published in 1986,

Address Hazards From Asbestos

     The focus  of  the  asbestos program  in  1987  will  be  on providing  technical
assistance to  school  officials, abatement contractors,  architects,  and engineers,
and helping to  ensure  adequate training  and  certification  of contractors involved
                                      TS-3

-------
in school asbestos abatement projects.  The technical  assistance program,  operating
principally through EPA's Regional offices, will  be maintained and we will  continue
to work with States in developing State asbestos  abatement contractor certification
programs.  Five information and training centers  will  be 1n operation.

Prevent Risks From New Chemical Substances

     In 1987, our  emphasis  in the new  chemicals  program will be on  continuing  to
operate a careful and efficient premanufacture review program that is responsive  to
the workload demands generated  by industry's  submission of notices.  Me expect  to
receive about 1800 new chemical  notices, the same  level  as  1986.  There was a signi-
ficant increase  in  notices  between  1984 and  1985  from 1200 to  over 1700.   This
increase was accommodated through productivity improvements in  logging notices,  in
the review process, and in the automation of information.  We are  now beginning  to
receive test results  on new  chemicals  from past voluntary testing  agreements and
Section 5(e) orders requiring manufacturers to perform  testing.  It will be  neces-
sary to begin evaluation  of  this data to determine if  additional action is  neces-
sary.  There will  be  increased  attention to coordinating  new chemical reviews and
actions with other programs to  ensure  that  decisions   are  consistent across the
Agency and  that  future  environmental   problems  (e.g.,   air,  water,  disposal) are
prevented.  New chemical actions will also be  closely coordinated with the  existing
chemical program.

Ensure Compliance with Toxic Substances Regulations

     The major objective  of the  Toxic  Substances  enforcement  program in  1987 is  to
maintain an  efficient  and effective  national  compliance  monitoring program  with
appropriate coverage  of  all  TSCA  regulations.   The enforcement  program  depends
heavily upon the assistance  of State agencies which  conduct  compliance monitoring
inspections under the  terms  of cooperative enforcement  agreements.   The number  of
participating States will  remain  at the  1986  level  of  17;  State  programs  will
continue to  emphasize   compliance monitoring  of  the asbestos-in-schools  and PCB
regulations as  well as  newer  rules such as the PCB transformer fires  rule  and the
asbestos worker protection rule.  The Agency will also continue to emphasize labora-
tory Inspections and  data audits,  which help assure the integrity  of scientific
testing data submitted to the Agency.

Research and. De^ejopjnejrit

     The 1987 Toxic  Substances  Research and  Development  budget  -request  includes
resources to continue the development of information on  the health and environment-
al effects  of  toxic chemicals,  provide information on  special  human data  needs,
perform research  on  structure  activity relationship,  extrapolation, dosimetry,
biological markers  and  on  environmental   risk  assessment.   Exposure monitoring
research will also  continue.   Transport, fate, and  field validation efforts  will
continue to provide information  on the  changes in  and movement  of  chemicals  in the
environment.  In  1987, the  biotechnology  research  program   will  be augmented  to
provide additional  Information on the effects of  genetically  engineered organisms.
Finally, support services will be continued for quality assurance,  reference materi-
als, and risk and exposure assessment.
                                      TS-4

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                                  TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                         Budget   Current             Increase (+)
                                Actual   Estimate  Estimate  Estimate  Decrease (-)
PROGRAM ACTIVITIES               1985    1986      1986       1987    1987 vs. 1986

IncrementalOutputs

Toxics Integration

Intermedia Priority Pollutant
  Documents Produced	     33         2          2

Existing Chemical Review  .

Substantial  Risk Notices/FYPs
  Received	   439     400       400        400
Test Studies Received	....   118     200       170        170
Chemical-Specific Evaluations
  Underway	,	    83      85        85         85
Category Evaluations Underway..     022          3        +1
Section 6 Rules: Proposed......     2      11         4          3        -1
Section 5 SNUR:  Proposed......     203          3        -
Section 8 Rules: Proposed/Final    25      21        15         15

New Chemical Review

No. of New Chemicals Subject
  to Proposed SNURs...		    19      10        10         10

Toxic Substances Enforcement

Laboratory Inspections	    26      25        45         45
Test Study Audits.	   122      65        95         95
Inspections, Section 5	   336     320       320        320
Inspections, Section 6:
  PCB Inspections *	 1,616   2,460     2,500      2,500
Asbestos Inspections **	 2,019   3,600     2,505      2,175
Inspections, Section 8,	   494     340       340        340
Inspections, Section 13........   586      -        700        700
Notices of Violation	 1,136   2,269     1,430      1,350       -80
Administrative Orders		   733     611       800        750       -50
Civil Litigation	     6      20         6          6        -
Criminal Litigation	     292          2        -

Cumulati ve Outputs

Chemical Testing

Initial ITC Actions	    81      92        93        101        +8
Post-Initial ITC Actions	    41      46        54         58        +4
Promulgated ITC Actions	     002         17       +15
Other Testing Actions	     32         6         11+5
Test Suidelines/GLPs Published.    94      96        98        100        +2

Existing Chemical Review

Chemical Advisories	      6       15         8         10        +2
Section 6 Rules: Final........     13       18        16         1.9        +3
Section 9 Referrals	      174          6        +2
Section 5 SNURs:  Final	      003          6        +3
PCB Disposal Permits Reviewed.     31       42        41         51       +10
                                        TS-5

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                                         Budget   Current             Increase (+)
                                Actual  Estimate  Estimate  Estimate  Decrease {-)
                                 1985    1986      1986       1987    1987 vs. 1986
Cumulative Outputs                          *    **

New Chemical Review

New Notices Received***	  6,301    6,701     8,101      9,901    +1,800
PMN Control Actions Taken****.    465      555       585        705      +120
No. of New Chemicals Subject
  to Final SNURs....	     14       32        29         44       +15
   * Includes Federal and anticipated State inspections.
  ** Includes Federal, contract, and anticipated State inspections.
 *** Includes exemption notices.
**** Includes PMNs withdrawn in light of EPA concerns, voluntary testing and
     voluntary controls.
                                      TS-6

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents

                                                                            Page
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Chemical Testing & Assessment	 TS-8
          Scientif-ic Assessment.	TS-16
          Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance.	TS-17
          Health Effects	 TS-18
          Environmental Engineering and Technology....	,	 TS-19
          Environmental Processes and Effects...	TS-20
                                     TS-7

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                                                                 TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                                           Chemical Testing & Assessment
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
                                              {DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment -
Chemical Testing &
Assessment - Toxic
Substances
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
                       TOTAL
$151.2
 $41.0
$192.2
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance  -
Chemical Testing &
Assessment-Toxic
Substances
 Salaries 8 Expenses
 Research & Development
                       TOTAL
 $1.521.7
 $3,384.2
 $4,905.9
Health Effects -
Chemical Testing and
Asses sment-Toxi c
Substances
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
                       TOTAL
 $3,398.5
 $6,772.8
$10,171.3
Efivl ronmental
Engineering &
Technology - Chemical
Testing & Assessment-
Toxic Substances
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
$592.9
$378.9
               $224.6
               $522.6
               $747.2
 $1,504.3
 $4,645.7
 $6,150.0
 $3,849.6
$10,883.8
$14,733.4
              $224.6
              $481.8
              $706.4
 $1,455.9
 $4,503.4
 $5,959.3
 $3,868.0
 $9,606.7
$13,474.7
   $535.6     $632.8
 $3,200.0   $2,872.2
-$9.7
-$20.6
-$30.3
-$62.6
$193.6
$256.2
$166.3
.$413.1
$579.4
-$27.2
.$123.4.
$214.9
$461.2
$676.1
$1,393.3
$4,309.8
$5,703.1
$3,701.7
$9,193.6
$12,895.3
$605.6
$2,748.8
$209.7
$213.0
$422.7
$1,455.9
$4,381.1
$5,837.0
$3,402.0
$8,680.0
$12,082.0
$618.4
$2,575.0
                                                   -$5.2
                                                 -$248.2
                                                 -$253.4
                                                                       $62.6
                                                                       $71.3
                                                                      $133.9
                                                                     -$299.7
                                                                     -$513.6
                                                                     -$813.3
                                                                          $12.8
                                                                         -$173.8
                       TOTAL
$971.8    $3,735.6   $3,505.0     -$150.6    $3,354.4   $3,193.4     -$161.0

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PROGRAM
                                                           TOXTC SUBSTANCES

                                                    Chemical Testing * Assessment
ACTUAL
1985
RtlDfiET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
Bt)nGF.T
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIHATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                               (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
» Effects - Chemical
Testing and Assessment-
Toxic Substances
 Salaries 8 Expenses
 Research S Oevelopment
                       TOTAL
TOTAL:
 Salaries * Expenses
 Research % Development

Chemical Testing K
Assessment
$5,830.3
$2,886.6
$8,716.9
$11,494.6
$13,463.5
$5,539.6
$7,148.2
$12,687.8
$11,653.7
$26,400.3
$5,495.6
$7,344.4
$12,840.0
$11,676.9
$24,808.5
                                             -$236.3    $5,259.3    $5,288.9        $29.6
                                             -$315.7    $7,028.7    $5,606.0    -$1,422.7
                                             -$552.0   $12,288.0   $10,8
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                                               TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                         Chemical  Testing & Assessment

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED
                                   1985     ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET
                                              1986                 REDUCTION
                                              CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                              ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
                                                1986               1987 VS 1986
Assessment Toxic
Substance

Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Chemical
Testing & Assessment
Toxic Substances

Environmental Processes
4 Effects - Chemical
Testing and Assessment
Toxic Substances

TOTAL PERMANENT WQRKYEARS
  9.1
 91.3
173.8
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
 10.5
 88.2
10.0
85.2
185.4      187,5
10.0
85.2
10.0
85.7
                       187.5      177.5
 0.5
                      -10.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Chemicals Testing &
Assessment - Toxic
Substances

Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance  -
Chemical Testing &
Assessment-Toxic
Substances

Health Effects -
Chemical Testing and
Assessment Toxic
Substances
  3.3
 24.5
 55.4
  4.0
 26.7
 65.1
 4.0
26.7
65.1
 4.0
26.7
65.1
 4.0
26.7
62.6
-2.5

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                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
                           TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                      Chemical Testing & Assessment

          BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
         ESTIMATE      1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
           1986                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
TOTAL HORKYEARS
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Envi ronmental
Engineering 8
Technology - Chemical
Testing & Assessment-
Toxic Substances

Environmental Processes
& Effects - Chemical
Testing and AssesSment-
 Toxlc Substances

TOTAL WORKYEARS
 10.7
100.2
194.1
 10.5
11.3
 93.8
93.3
200.1      200.4
11.3
93.3
11.3
91,8
                       200.4      196.4
-1,5
                       -4.0

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                                  TOXIC SUBSTANCES


                          Chemical Testing and Assessment


                           Principal Outputs by Objective
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1:  Develop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies

o  Journal  article  on  avian detection  and  discrimination of  chemicals  in  feed
   (Env. Processes)
o  Report on  application  of analytical  methods for detecting  organic compounds in
   biological  tissues (Monitoring)
o  Journal article on analyses of azo dyes (Monitoring)

Objective2;Perform Health Research on Biological Markers, Dosimetry and  Extrap-
olation'  !                        '

o  Journal article on germ cell cytogenetic test systems (Health)

Objective 5;  ..Perform. Engineering Research in Support of TSCA

o  Interim  program   report  for  estimation  of the  potential   for  accidental  and
   deliberate release  and  worker  exposure  of  RDNA  from  fermentation  process
   (Engineering)
o  Evaluation of  plastic  barrier effectiveness,  glove bag  removal, and localized
   vacuum removal  of asbestos (Engineering)

Objective 6:  Perform Exposu£e_Hpnitoring Research

o  Interim  report on  pollutant  sources  and  human  exposure  to  toxic  pollutants
   using Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) data  (Monitoring)

Objective 7;  Develop Structure Activity Re]ationshipsData

o  Journal  article  on the  genotoxicity  of  acrylates  in cultured  mammalian cells
   (Health)

Object 1 ve 8:  Pe rfo rm Research on B1 otechno 1 pgy and(H_JkrobJIa 1 and B i ochemi ca1  Pest
Control 'Agents                     '*~"

o  Journal  article  on  recombination of  DNA  in  plasmids  and  genomes  of  Bacilli
   (Health)

Objective 9:  PerformStudies on Ecotoxlcity and Develop EnvironmentalRisk Assess-
ment Protocols'

o  Environmental  risk assessment protocols and guidelines (Sci. Assessment)

Objective 10:  Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies

o  Annual report  on asbestos audit program   (Monitoring)
                                      TS-12

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1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS


ObjectiveJI:  Develop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies

o  Report  on application  of  analytical  methods  for  detecting organic  compounds
   in biological tissues (Monitoring)
o  Report  on  techniques  for  effects  and  uptake  of  sediment-associated  toxic
   chemicals by benthic marine species (Env. Processes)
o  Methods  for extrapolating  male  rodent  reproductive  toxicity  data to  humans
   (Sci. Assessment)
o  Two  immunotoxicity  assays  in  animal  models  as part  of  a  Tier Testing Proced-
   ures for immune effects (Health)

Objective 2:  Perform Research on Biological Markers, Dosimetry  andExtrapolation

o  Report  on  how  to use newly developed predictive models  for risk  from asbesto*
   form minerals (Health)
o  Review  and  analyze the literature  for 506  selected  chemicals  and  establish a
   data base to support assessment of genotoxicology (Health)

Objective 4:Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate and Fielji  Val-
idation
             *
o  Project  report  on  screening  model to  predict body burdens to calculate risk
   from toxicant loads (Env. Processes)

Objective 5:Perform EngineeringResearch inSupport of TSCA

o  Report describing technology and engineering assessments of  genetically  engin-
   eered organisms (Engineering)
o  Evaluations  of  procedures  and  methodology  of  asbestos  abatement  (Engineering)

Objective 6;  Perform Exposure Monitoring Research

o  Evaluation and  standardization of  dietary  exposure as  part of human exposure
   program (Monitoring)
o  Report  on development  and validation  procedures  for  total  exposure  multi-
   media models (Monitoring)

Objective 7:  Develop Structure Activity Relationships Data

o  Report  on how  to  use  molecular  electrostatic potential  for  risk  assessment
   on chemically induced toxicity for one class of chemicals (Health)
o  Report  on SAR  methods  to  predict  major metabolites  of  industrial  chemicals
   (Env. Processes)

Objective 9:  Perform Studies  on Ecotoxicity and Develop EnvironmentalRisk Assess-
mentProtocols''!

o  Work group project reports  on  environmental  risk  assessment (Sci. Assessment)

Objective 10:  Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies

o  Annual  report on asbestos audit program (Monitoring)


1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
ssssxttsffisKssssasamssas

Objective 1;  Deyg1_oj ajid Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies

o  Journal  article  on  cancer of  the  respiratory  tract;    Predisposing  Factors
   (Health)
                                     TS-13

-------
o  Report on evaluating the effects of  feeding  chemicals" to live prey in carnivore
   feeding tests (Env. Processes)

Objective 2:  Perform Health Research^ oni Biological Markers, Dosimetry jmdExtrap-
olation"~"

o  Journal  article  on the  use  of  hepatocytes  as an  activating system  of  rodent
   whole embryo culture (Health)

Objective 4:  Perform Research onBiologicalMarkers, Dosimetry  and Extrapolation

o  Ground and surface water modeling users guide (Env. Processes)
o  Final  report  on  the  comparison  of  biodegradation  from  microcosms to  field
   systems (Env. Processes)

Objective 5:  Perform Engineering Research in Supportof TgCA

o  Report  on  industrial  process profile  for environmental  use for  polymer  pro-
   cessing (Engineering)
o  Report  on  industrial  process profile  for environmental  use for  plastics  and
   resin processing industry (Engineering)

Objective 6;  Perform Exposure Honitoring Research

o  Annual  report  of  research  activities  and methods  development at the Exposure
   Monitoring Test Site (EMTS) (Monitoring)
o  Field report on TEAM Study Phase II (Monitoring)

Objective 7:  Develop^ Structur0 Actjlyity Relationships Data

o  Report oh azoreductase studies (Health)

Objective 10;Provide Support Servicejt for TSCA Studies

o  Annual  report quality control  sample  program EPA  repository  for  Toxic  and
   Hazardous Materials (Monitoring)
o  Annual report on asbestos audit program (Monitoring)
                                       TS-14

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                                  TOXIC SUBSTANCES


                          Chemical Testing and Assessment
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of  $32,430,000 supported by 196.4 total  workyears
for 1987,  a decrease  of  $2,486,900  and a  decrease  of  4.0 total  workyears  from
1986.  Of the request, $10,974,900 will  be for the Salaries  and Expenses appropria-
tion and  $21,455,100  will   be   for  the  Research  and  Development  appropriation,
decreases of $199,900 and $2,287,000, respectively.

P rog r am De scrj pt ion

     The Chemical Testing  and Assessment  research  program  supports the  Office of
Toxic Substances  (OTS)  by providing  the scientific  tools to  implement  the Toxic
Substances Control Act (TSCA).
     Object i ye 1:    DfiveToj) and Validate ! Test Methods for TSCA Studies.   This re-
searcFlievel ops and  val i dates  health  and en vi ronmental testi ng protocol s to be in-
corporated into TSCA Section 4 guidelines,  risk assessment methods, and analytical
methods for identifying and quantifying environmental pollutants.

     Ob jecti ve 2;   Perform Health  Research on  Bjol ogi cal Markers ,  DpsJ met ry and
_Extraj)pjiat_1_6n .  This effort  develops methods  fbF extra po Tat i n g  from  high  to low
doses between  mammalian  species to  enhance  risk  assessment predictability  and
capability.  Research also  focuses  on defining  the  relationships between biochem-
ical indicators of exposure to  neurotoxi cants and behavioral dysfunctions.

     Objective 3:  Provide Information on Special Human Data Needs.  This  activity
focuses on investigations of human populations exposed to envi ronmental pollutants.

     Objective 4;  Perform Ecological Research Including Transport, Fate, and field
Validation^  th'i s research focuses on devel opi ng and conducting exposure and hazard
assessments of chemicals  In  water,  air,  and multimedia environments.   Work focuses
on inclusion  of  identified  transport  and  transformation  processes,  pathways  of
exposure, population characteristics, environmental  features and hazard assessment
techniques.  Emphasis  is  being  placed  on  improving  methods  and  data,  and  on
defining limits of applicability of models.

     Objective 5;    Perform Engineering Research in Support of TSCA.   Research in
this area focuses on the development  of models  to predict  the release  of and expo-
sure to  new and  existing  chemicals.   This  research addresses  those  classes  of
chemicals for which the  Agency does  not  have adequate information on the degree to
which existing  control   systems limit their  release,  resulting  in  more effective
Pre-Manufacture Notification (PMN) decisions.

     Abjective 6 :  Perform Exposu re Monitori ng Research .  This research establishes
the eWi ronmelrvEal  methods data bases and  statistical tools  to  improve  exposure
monitoring for  OTS.   Multimedia monitoring methods,  sample  designs  and data anal-
ysis techniques are  also designed and tested to support  human  exposure monitoring
programs for regulatory concerns about chemical   mixtures.

     Ob jecti i ve 7;  Devel op Structure Acti vlty Rel at1 1 onshJ ps Pata .    These  efforts
devel op predictive  methods  (structure  activity  relationships)  to provide  a tool
for determining  whether new  chemicals  pose  unreasonable  risk or  require further
testing.
                                     TS-15

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     Objective 8;   Perform Research on Bljytechnejogy and Mlcroblal and Biochemical
Pest Control Agents'!  Research  in  this  area  is developing  methods to  assess  the
potenti al heal th and environmental  hazards of biotechnology products.  Additionally,
methods are being developed to contain and destroy genetically engineered organisms
from manufacturing processes.

     Objective9;   Perform Studies on  Ecotoxlclty and DevelopEnvironmental Risk
Assessment •Protocols",'  This  effort  focuses  on  development  of methodologies  and
models to determine  risks  posed to ecosystems by exposure  to environmental  pollu-
tants.  The program is currently developing environmental risk assessment protocols
for both aquatic and terrestrial systems and will  be used  in evaluating  risks from
both new and existing chemicals.

     Objective 10:  Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies.   This research pro-
vides support  for  risk andexposureassessment, quality  assurance, dissemination
of reference  standards  and  quality assurance reagents as well  as  expert consulta-
tion on problems associated with the evaluation of PMN chemicals.


SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT

1987 Prog ram Reg ue st

     The Agency  requests a  total  of $422,700 supported  by  4,0 total  workyears  for
this program, of which $209,700 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $213,000  will  be for the Research and Development  appropriation.  This repre-
sents decreases  of $5,200 and $248,200,  respectively, and  no change in total work-
years.  These  decreases  reflect the completion  of  a number of assessment methods
for toxics as well as the initial phase of environmental risk assessment protocols.

     Develop and Validate  Test Methods for  TSCA Studies.    The  1987  Scientific
Assessment program  willcontinue  to develop assessment  methods  for reproductive
dysfunction in humans caused by exposure to environmental chemicals.

     Perform  Studie|  on Ecotoxlcity  and ..Develop  Environmental  Risk  Assessment
P rotocpTs.  Sci entif Tc  assessment   suppo rt  wi 11  confi nue   for'the  development  of
environmental risk  assessment  protocols  for  both  aquatic  and terrestrial  eco-
systems.  Draft  protocols developed  in 1986 will be completed.

     Provide  Support Services forTSCA Studies.     Scientific  assessment  support
will contihue for preparation, consulfationi ₯nd review of OTS-generated assessments
of cancer, mutagenicity, adverse  reproductive/developmental  effects, and exposure.
These activities  will  support  decision making under  TSCA  (existing chemicals pro-
gram, PMN review, and test guidelines development).


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is allocating a total  of  $676,100 supported by 4.0 total
workyears for  this  program, of  which  $214,900 is  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation  and  $461,200  is  from  the Research  and  Development  appropriation.
The 1986  program is continuing  to provide support  for preparation  and  review of
risk and  exposure assessments, development  of assessment  methods  as well  as  new
efforts to  develop  protocols  for  environmental  risk  assessments.   Particular
emphasis is  being  given to  the  development  of  risk  assessment  procedures  for
low-dose exposures and metabolic pathways.


1985 Accpmp 11 shjnents

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated  a total   of  $192,200  supported by  3.3 total
workyears for  this  program,  of which  $151,200  was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation  and $41,000 was  from the Research and Development appropriation.  In
1985, assessment  support  was  provided  for methylene  chloride,  formaldehyde  and
dioxins.  A conference was held on  genetically altered viruses  in the environment.
                                      TS-16

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MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $5,837,000  supported by 26.7  total  workyears
for this program, of which $1,455,900  will  be for the Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation and $4,381f100  will  be  for  the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents increases  of  $62,600,  and $71,300, respectively, and  no  change in
total workyears.  The  increases reflect  adjustments  to the  1986 base as  part-of
government-wide deficit reductions.

     Deyelop and Validate Test Methods for TSCA. Studles.  Efforts  will  also  con-
tinueto develop  andevaluatebiologicaland chemical  techniques  to  identify and
quantify pollutants in both humans and the environment.  Pattern recognition proce-
dures will be developed to identify pollutants from analytical spectra.  Analytical
techniques will  be  developed  to  detect  pollutants  in  foods,   and  immunochemical
procedures will be  evaluated.   This  research will provide techniques  for accurate
monitoring of  exposures to toxic  chemicals.  Enzyme  induction  bioassays  will  also
be evaluated  as  indicators  of human exposures  to  complex  organic  compounds.
Efforts will also develop  and  validate effective and economical analytical  method-
ologies for asbestos and other fibers.

     _Perform Exposure Monitor ing Research.  Research  in  this  area  will  develop
monitori rigsystems  to estimate liuman  exposure to pollutants  via multiple pathways
using the TEAM approach.   Statistical  tools  and data analysis techniques  will  be
developed to conduct surveillance and total exposure monitoring and model  pollutant
exposure and  to produce  predictive techniques  in the  Human  Exposure  Assessment
Location (HEAL) project.   This  research  will improve  exposure  assessment capabil-
ities for regulatory efforts.

     Provide Support Services for TSCA Studies.    Monitoring  and  quality  assur-
ance support will  continue for the  production  of reference  standards and  quality
assurance reagents  in environmental  and  biological  matrices  for routine monitoring
systems.  Quality assurance  guidelines will  be  produced  for  survey design, sample
collection and  sample  analysis and  dietary  exposures.  Laboratory audits  will  be
conducted and  guidelines   will  be  developed  to evaluate  total exposure  models.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency   is  allocating  a total  of  $5,703,100 supported  by  26.7
total workyears  for this   program,  of which  $1,393,300  is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $4,309,800  is  from the Research  and Development appro-
priation.  The  1986 program is continuing support for exposure monitoring, develop-
ing analytical  methods and providing quality  assurance support  and  standard refer-
ence materials.  Particular  emphasis   is being  given  to  conducting field investi-
gations under  the HEAL project.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated a  total  of $4,905,900 supported  by 24.5 total
workyears for this  program, of  which $1,521,700  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation  and $3,384,200 was from  the  Research and Development apppropriation.
In 1985, reports were prepared on interlaboratory evaluation of the toxicity assay,
the asbestos audit  program, and Phase  II of, the TEAM study.
                                      TS-17

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HEALTH EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $12,082,000 supported  by  62.6 total  workyears
for this program, of which  $3,402,000  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $8,680,000  will  be for  the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents decreases  of $299,700 and  $513,600,  respectively, and  a decrease
of 2.5 total workyears.   The decreases reflect the completion of a number of test
methods in support of TSCA Section 4 guidelines.

     Developand Validate Test Methods for TSCA Studies.     Health  research  will
continueto developmethbdoTogtes  and  bioassays to detect  and  characterize neuro-
toxicity and  reproductive toxicity  associated with chemical  exposures.   Sensitive
methods will  be  developed to  rapidly  detect pulmonary  carcinogens  and promoters.
New methods  will   be   developed  to  improve  the  sensitivity  and  broad  spectrum
response of  oncogenic  cell  transformation  bioassays.   Finally,  biochemical  and
physiological test methods  for  animal  and  in-vitro studies and biochemical indica-
tors of nervous system damage will  be deveTdpedT

     Perform Health ReseaTCJIi_.jon_^..IjMojk>g1 cal Markers,Dgsjimetry and  Extrapolat ion.
Hea 1 th research TilTI prov^                                      from animal  data
to human  likelihood  of mutagenesis  and carcinogensis  along with  other potential
adverse health effects  such as neurobehavioral, pulmonary, hepatic and reproductive
activities.  Efforts will also provide predictive models for dose effects of a'sbes-
tiform minerals to  determine  dose  effect   response  for  mineral  fibers  such  as
asbestos and proposed substitutes.

     P rovi de I nf o.rmat i on on Sgeci al Human Pata Needs.  This  research  will investi-
gate pop u1at ion  gr oup s exposed  to  environmental  contaminants  which are  suspect
toxicants for  particular organ  systems to  determne  if  biological  indicators  of
dose and/or  effects  are  related to environmental levels  of exposure and  if they
are correlated to adverse effects measured by traditional methods.

     Develop Structure Activity Relationships Data.  Structure  Activity  Relation-
shipsHfSiSfi) inetfioets""and   scientific  data bases  wi 11  be  developed which  allow an
accurate prediction  of carcinogenic and  mutagenic effects  of chemicals  based on
structural, physiochemical,  topographical,  mechanistic and  electronic parameters.
A report on  SAR pattern  recognition techniques  for genotoxic effects  as  well  as a
combined data base management  system for predicting  genotoxic  effects of chemicals
will be provided.

     Perform Research on Biotechnology and Microbial  and BiochemicalPestControl
Agents"!Health research  studies will  be  conducted  to determine thegeneticsta-
bility and  function of  a baculovirus  expression vector  in vertebrate  cells.  A
computerized data base will  be developed which compiles  the known characteristics
of genetically engineered  biological  material,  and  a  study will  be  initiated on
the mechanism  and  frequency  of  genetic   exchange   of  plasmids  between  related
Bacillus species.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating  a total  of  $12,895,300  supported  by  65.1
total workyears for  this program,  of  which  $3,701,700  is  from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and  $9,193,600  is  from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.  The 1986  program is  continuing  to provide  support  for the development
of test methods in  support  of TSCA Section 4 test guidelines,  and to perform re-
search on  extrapolation  and biological markers.   Major new initiatives  are being
undertaken on  human exposure,  reproductive  toxicity,  biotechnology  and  extrapo-
lation research.
                                       TS-18

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1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $10,171,300  supported  by 55.4 total
workyears for this program, of which  $3,398,500  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $6,772,800 .was from the Research  and  Development appropriation.
In 1985, journal articles were produced on an electrophysiological  test battery for
assessing the effects  of  exposure  to toxic  chemicals as  well  as  on the  use  of
hepatocytes as an activating system of rodent whole embryo culture.


ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total of  $3,193,400  supported by  11.3  total  workyears
for this program, of which $618,400 will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and  $2,575,000  will be   for  the  Research and Development  appropriation.
This represents  an  increase of  $12,800  and  a decrease of  $173,800,  respectively,
and no change in total  workyears.  The increase  in  Salaries  and  Expenses reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide deficit reductions.   The
decrease in Research and Development  reflects the  completion  of  studies on release
and controls of several chemicals such as azo dyes.

     Perform Engineering Researchin Support- of TSCA.    Engineering  efforts  will
continue todevelop  techniquesto assess  the  potential  for  toxic  releases  and
exposures from  processing  and  manufacturing  of  new chemicals,  as well  as  assess
production unit  operations.  Research  will  also  provide mathematical models  for
predicting permeation  of  liquid  chemicals through common polymer  gloves  and eval*
uate the degree of protection  from chemicals given  by  various  respirators.   Re-
search will  be  performed  on the treatability of new chemicals,  and alternatives
will be  identified  and  evaluated to  mitigate  release  and  exposure  of  specific
existing chemicals.   Additional   research  will  provide  necessary  information  on
chemical releases  and  exposure   in  support  of  TSCA  new   and  existing  chemical
control efforts.

     Perform ResearchonBiotechnology and Micrpbial   and Biochemical  Pest Control
AgentJI  Feasibility studies  will be  conducted  on  fault tree analysis techniques
forassessing the potential  for release  of process  materials from conventional
fermentation process equipment.   This  information will  contribute to the data base
on the  release   of  genetically  engineered  organisms  in  support  of  the  TSCA PMN
review process.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating  a total  of $3,354,400  supported  by 11.3
total workyears  for  this  program,  of  which  $605,600  is   from  the  Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation  and  $2,748,800 is from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.  The  1986  program is  continuing  to develop information on  release and
control measures  for  new  and  existing  chemicals, as  well  as expanding  its  work
on the containment and destruction of genetically engineered organisms.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of  $971,800  supported  by  10.7 total
workyears for this program, of  which  $592;900  was from the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and  $378,900 was  from the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.
In 1985, a report was prepared on industrial process profiles for environmental use
for polymer  processing  as  well  as on  fault  tree analysis techniques for assessing
the potential   for  releases  of  process  materials  from fermentation  processes.
                                       TS-19

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $10,894,900 supported by  91.8  total  workyears
for this program, of which  $5,288,900 will  be for  the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $5,606,000  will  be  for the  Research and  Development appropriation.
This represents an  increase  of $29,600 and  a  decrease  of $1,422,700,  respectively,
and a decrease  of  1.5 total  workyears.   The  increase  in  Salaries  and  Expenses
reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part  of government-wide deficit reductions.
The decrease in  Research and  Development  reflects the  completion  of a  number  of
test methods in support of TSCA Section 4 guidelines.

     Develop and Validate Test Methods  for TSCA Studies.    Environmental   research
will continue to develop and evaluate test  methods  for defining toxicity  of chemi-
cals to aquatic  (freshwater and marine)  and terrestrial  species.   Bioavailability
tests for  sediment   bound   toxics  in  freshwater  and estuarine  species  will  be
developed.  Methods to use  fish as carcinogen and teratogen species  will  be vali-
dated.  Finally, methods  to evaluate chemical  effects  on  egg viability  in avian
species will be developed and  validated.   Such  information  supports TSCA Section 4
guidelines for testing of chemicals.

     Perform Ecological  Research Including  Transport, Fate and  Field Validation.
Envirbnmental processes research will  continue to provide support  for  TSCA  activi-
ties through studies of  toxicity,  and  fate and transport of chemicals  in aquatic,
terrestrial and air environments.   Additional  research will  be  designed to evaluate
exposure models in laboratory model ecosystems and field situations.

     .Develop StructureActivityRelationshipsData.   Environmental   processes  re-
search willinclude  thegeneration of environmental fate  and effects data on typical •
PMN chemical types,  documentation  of test results of  PMN analogs,  and  development
of structure activity  methodologies and  other estimation techniques for predicting
fate and effects of chemicals.

     Perform Research on Biotechnology  and Microbial  and Biochemical   Pest Control
AgentJI  Environmentalprocesses  research  will 'develop methods, analytical; tech*
mques and testing  protocols  for  estimating survival, fate  and effects  of geneti-
cally altered microbes and the  stability  within their  genetic  pool.  Research will
also determine  the   probable  hazards  associated   with   modified  microbes  used  in
testing or proposed  for  industrial  application.  This information  will aid OTS  in
reviewing PMN applications  for products  of  biotechnology.   Adequate  methodologies
for evaluating such organisms do not currently exist.

     Perform  Studies  on Ecotoxicity  and Develop  EnvironmentalRisk  Assessment
Protocols.Environmentalprocesses researchwillfocuson  the  developmentoT
environmental risk  assessment  methodology  for toxics  by integrating exposure and
hazardous assessment data to determine  the probability of risk  to important popula-
tions.  Aquatic and terrestrial exposure assessment data for risk models and hazard
assessment models (relating  single  species tests  to  natural population)  will also
be developed.   Availability  of  environmental  :risk  methods   will  substantially
improve the Agency's ability to regulate  chemicals under Sections 4 and  5 of TSCA.

     Provide SupportServices for TSCA Activities.   Environmental processes efforts
will continue "to support OTS on complex problems associated with the evaluations  of
PMN chemicals,  including  products  of  biotechnology.   Support for development  of
TSCA test rules will also continuing.
                                       TS-20

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of  $12,288,000 supported  by  93.3
total workyears  for  this program,  of which  $5,259,300 is  from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and  $7,028,700  is  from the Research  and  Development appro-
priation.  The  1986  program  is  continuing  the  development  of test  methods  in
support of TSCA Section 4 guidelines, research on transport,  fate and field valida-
tion, and development of structure-activity  relationships  data.   New work is being
performed on the development  of  environmental  risk assessment methods, as  well  as
research to determine the environmental effects of genetically engineered organisms.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  a total  of $8,716,900  supported  by  100.2 total
workyears for this program, of which $5,830,300 was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and  $2,886,600  was from the Research  and Development  appropriation.
In 1985, reports were prepared on the  comparison  of biodegradation  from microcosms
to field systems.
                                       TS-21

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Abatement and
    Control
     SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
TOXIC SUBSTANCES

    ABATEMENT & CONTROL
       Toxic Substances Financial Assistance....	 TS-23
          Asbestos-ih-Schools Loans and Grants..	TS-25
          Asbestos-1n-5chools Program Administration....................... TS-26
       Toxic Substances Strategies	 TS-28
          Toxics Integration	 TS-31
          Chetnical  Testi ng	»	 TS-32
          Existing Chemical Review	..	TS-34
          New Chemical Revi ew,	,	,..,....	 TS-36
                                      TS-22

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         PROGRAM
                                                                     TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                                         Toxic Substances Financial Assistance
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                       (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
U
         Asbestos- In-Schools-
         Loans And Grants
          Abatement Control and
          Compl1ance
                               $41,310.8

                       TOTAL   $41,310.8
Asbestos-In-Schools-
Program Administration
 Salaries 8 Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
                                         $4,429.3

                                TOTAL    $4,429.3
$46,000.0   -$1,978.0   $44,022.0

$46,000.0   -$1,978.0   $44,022.0
-$44,022.0

-$44,022.0
                                      $537.4      $537.4
 $4,000.0     -$172.1    $3,827.9   $3,500.0     -$327.9
                                                       $4,000.0     -$172.1    $3,827.9   $4,037.4
                                                  $209.5
         TOTAL:
          Salaries & Expenses
          Abatement Control and
          Compl1ance

         Toxic Substances -
         Financial Assistance
                               $45,740.1


                       TOTAL   $45,740.1
                                      $537.4      $537.4
$50,000.0   -$2,150.1   $47,849.9   $3,500.0  -$44,349.9
$50,000.0   -$2,150.1   $47,849.9   $4,037.4  -$43,812.5
         PERMANENT WORKYEARS
         Asbestos-In-School s-
         Program Administration

         TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                                                                              11.2


                                                                                              11.2
                                                    11.2


                                                    11.2

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                                                        TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                              Toxic Substances Financial Assistance
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987

INCREASE f
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

TOTAL WORKYEARS
Asbestos-In-Schools-                                                                           12.0         12.0
Program Administration

TOTAL WORKYEARS                                                                                12..0         12.0

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                                  TOXIC SUBSTANCES


                       Toxic Substances Financial Assistance
BudgetRequest
     The Agency requests  a total  of  $4,037,400  supported by  12.0  total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease  of $43,812,500 and an Increase  of 12.0  total  workyears from
1986.  Of the request, $537,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $3,500,000 will be  for the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance appropriation, an
increase of $537,400 and a decrease of $44,349,900 respectively.

Program DescrlptiQri

     The major programs under this subactivity include:

     Asbestos-1n-Schoo1s Loans and Grants —This program provides financial assist-
ance to public and private schools, with demonstrated  financial  need and asbestos
hazards, for purposes of undertaking asbestos abatement projects.  Funding for this
program is  authorized  under the  Asbestos  School  Hazard  Abatement Act  (ASHAA)  of
1984,

     iA£besJiipj.-in-:Schopj-si	Program..Admin 1_sJ^r_at_lQn_'-- The objective  of this  program
is toHi^ nYster^aprocessTfbr''assessing  the  el 1 g1 b 111 ty of applicants for financial
assistance and making grants or loan awards as authorized under ASHAA.  In addition
to administering a loan and grant  process, this program also supports programs that
provide technical  assistance to individuals and organizations Interested in address-
ing asbestos  hazards.   Activities  include providing  technical  advice,  primarily
through £PA Regional  offices,  working with  States to  develop  State certification
programs for  asbestos  abatement  contractors, and establishing  regional  asbestos
information and training centers.


ASBESTOS-IN-SCHOOLS LOANS AND GRANTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency Is not  requesting additional  funding to provide asbestos abatement
financial assistance to schools since  funding  for abatement projects does not  repre-
sent the most  effective  use of Federal  resources.  These activities should  be the
primary responsibility of State and local governments.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating a total  of $44,022,000 for this program all
of which is in the Abatement, Control  and Compliance appropriation.

     In 1986,  loans  and  grants will   be provided' to  eligible  schools  and  school
districts based on  evaluations of candidate  projects.  EPA  will  use  information
made available from applicants  and States,  in addition to information collected by
EPA from  on-site  inspections,  to  evaluate  and  select  projects  for  funding.


1985 Accompl1shments

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated a total  of  $41,310,800 all  in  the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.
                                       TS-25

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     On June 6,  1985,  EPA  offered  $45,000,000 in  financial  assistance under  the
Asbestos School Hazard Abatement  Act  (ASHAA)  to needy  schools  for the purpose  of
undertaking asbestos abatement  projects.   Awards were  distributed for 417  abate-
ment projects  in  340 individual  schools  in  198  local  education  agencies.   These
funds were appropriated in  1984 and within nine months,  EPA  had  met  the  statutory
deadline for issuing loan and grant offers.

     Implementation of  ASHAA  required  close coordination  between  Headquarters,
State officials, and  Regional   staff.   In early  1985,  State officials  collected,
sorted, and  submitted  applications  to EPA,  providing  a preliminary  ranking  of
projects.  Applications were carefully reviewed  by the  Agency  using both  hazard
inspectors, who  visited  all  selected  projects  before  funds were  released,  and
Headquarters staff,  who  evaluated these  applications  individually.  Follow-up  on
funded projects will continue into 1986.


ASBESTOS-IN-SCHOOLS PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $4,037,400  supported by 12.0  total  workyears
for this program, of which $537,400 will be for the Salaries and  Expenses  appropria-
tion and $3,500,000 will  be  for  ttie  Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an  increase of  $537,400  and a  decrease of  $327,900 respectively
and an  increase  of  12.0 total  workyears.   The increases  result from a  transfer
of resources from  other  programs.  The decrease  results from a lower  requirement
to start new State contractor certification programs.

     In 1987,  EPA  will  focus  on  the technical  assistance program originally  set
up in  1979.    We  will  continue to  provide  abatement  advice, principally through
the Regional offices,  to  school officials, abatement contractors,  architects,  and
engineers, as  well as building  owners and  managers.  We  will  continue to  work with
State governments  to expand  the number  of  contractor  certification programs  to
ensure adequate training  and  certification  of  contractors  involved in  asbestos
abatement activities.  Five regional 'information and training  centers will  be in
operation in 1987  at the University of  Kansas,  Tufts University,  Georgia  Institute
of Technology,  the  University  of Illinois, and the University  of  California.   We
will continue  to  refine  guidelines  to  assist the public  in  identifying  situations
in which asbestos-containing materials  present  a  serious risk and  which  should be
corrected.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating  a  total  of  $3,827,900 for this  program all
of which  is  from the  Abatement,  Control   and Compliance  appropriation.   Salaries
and Expenses -and  total  workyears  are  budgeted  in the  Existing  Chemical  Review
program.

     The funds   allocated  to  this  program are being  made  available through  the
administrative set-aside provisions  of the  Asbestos School  Hazard Abatement  Act.

     Fifteen additional State abatement contractor certification programs  are being
supported.  Two additional   information  and training centers  will  begin  operation,
to make a total of five.  Other  training programs for asbestos abatement contractors
and workers are being supported  by grants to trade  associations, such as the National
Asbestos Council,  and  by  training  private  vendors  (whose  courses  will  then  be
subject to EPA audit).  The asbestos technical  assistance program will  continue to
collect state-of-the-art information  for  dissemination  through  updated  guidance
materials.  In  addition,  we plan  to  issue  rules  to restrict  commercial  uses  of
asbestos fibers, and to promulgate a rule  to protect public employees  from exposure
during asbestos abatement.   An efficacy study will be completed  which  will  evaluate
                                       TS-26

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airborne levels of asbestos fibers  before,  during,  and after an abatement  project,
both within and outside of the building structure.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  $4,429,300, all  of which was  from  the
Abatement, Control and  Compliance appropriation.   These funds  were  made available
through the administrative set-aside provision of  the Asbestos School Hazard Abate-
ment Act.  Salaries and Expenses and total  workyears were  budgeted under the Exist-
ing Chemical Review program.

     During 1985, EPA made substantial  progress in  improving its asbestos technical
assistance program.  Three information and training centers were opened  in  Atlanta,
Boston, and Kansas City.   A model asbestos  abatement  training  course was developed
and distributed  to every  state.   Grants   to  12   States  were  awarded  to  support
establishment of  contractor certification  programs.   Several  new  guidance  docu-
ments were  issued including EPA's  major  document on  the identification   and con-
trol of asbestos  in buildings;  a document for maintenance and custodial employees;
and guidance for the collection  of  bulk  samples in buildings.   Finally, EPA  began
work on identifying and supporting  good sources of training  for abatement  contrac-
tors, architects, engineers, and others who  are concerned with proper  identification
and control of asbestos in buildings.
                                      TS-27

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                                                           TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                                     Toxic Substances Strategies
ACTUAL
1985
PROGRAM
Toxics Integration
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Chemical Testing
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Existing Chemical
Review
Salaries £ Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
New Chemical Review
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compl i ance
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIHATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

$681
$1,064

$1,745
-
$5,095
$7,677

$12,772


$7,116
$9,599

$16,716

$8,634
$5,534

$14,169

$21,527
$23,876

.2
.4

.6

.0
.9

,9


.5
.8

.3

.7
.7

.4

.4
.8

$624
$731

$1,355

$3,891
$4,908

$8,800


$7,885
$10,760

$18,646

$9,126
$7,637

$16,763

$21,527
$24,037

.0
.1

.1

.9
.3

.2


.7
.3

.0

.0
.7

.7

.6
.4

$624.0
$731.1

$1,355.1

$3,891.9
$4,908.3

$8,800.2


$7,964.7
$10,760.3

$18,725.0

$9»051.0
$7,637.7

$16,688.7

$21,531.6
$24,037.4

-$26
-$31

-$58

-$167
-$211

-$378


-$342
-$462

-$805

-$389
-$328

-$717

-$926
-$1,033

.9
.4

.3

.4
.1

.5


.5
.7

.2

.3
.4

.7

.1
.6

$597
$699

$1,296

$3,724
$4,697

$8,421


$7,622
$10,297

$17,919

$8,661
$7,309

$15,971

$20,605
$23,003

.1
.7

.8

.5
.2

.7


.2
.6

.8

.7
.3

.0

.5
.8






$3,912.5
$4,008.3

$7,920.8


$7,856.4
$10,104.8

$17,961.2

$9,043.3
$7,237.1

$16,280.4

$20,812.2
$21,350.2

-$597.1
-$699.7

-$1,296.8

$188.0
-$688.9

-$500.9


$234.2
-$192.8

$41.4

$381 .6
-$72.2

$309.4

$206.7
-$1,653»6
 Compliance

Toxic Substances
Strategies
TOTAL   $45,404.2   $45,565.0  $45,569.0   -$1,959.7   $43,609.3  $42,162.4   -$1,446.9

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(D
                                                                 TOXIC SUBSTANCES



                                                           Toxic Substances Strategies


PERMANENT MORKYEARS
Toxics Integration
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical-
Review
New Chemical Review
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Toxics Integration
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical
Review
New Chemical Review
TOTAL WORKYEAPS
ACTUAL
1985

9.7
103.0
149.8
188.2
450.7
12.1
109.0
171.6
207.0
499.7
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
8.0
81.0
168.6
195 .6
453.2
12.8
86.0
179.1
209.6
487.5
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
8.0
81.0
170.1
195.6
454.7
12.8
86.0
180.6
209.6
489.0

8.0
81.0 80.0
170.1 166.6
195,6 194.6
454.7 441.2
12.8
86.0 86.0
180.6 178.6
209.6 209.6
489.0 474.2

-8.0
-1.0
-3.5
-1.0
-13.5
-12.8

-2.0

-14.8

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                                  TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                            Toxic Substances Strategies
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $42,162,400 supported by 474.2 total workyears
for 1987,  a  decrease of  $1,446,900 and  14.8  total  workyears  from  1986.   Of the
request, $20,812,200  will   be  for  the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation and
$21,350,200 will  be  for  the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation,
an increase of $206,700 and decrease of $1,653,600 respectively.

Program ..
     The program areas under this subactivity include:

     Toxics Integration -- The  major objective of  the Toxics  Integration  program
was to aid the  Agency in formulating policy and making decisions  concerning  toxic
chemicals in a technically sound  and consistent manner.  This function was  performed
by a small staff which provided  overview of activities conducted  in the Office  of
Toxic Substances (OTS)  and coordinated  information  exchange  within the Agency  on
these activities.  As  a result  of a  1985  reorganization  in the  Office of  Toxic
Substances, these responsibilities, resources, and functions were dispersed through-
out the three major TSCA programs.   This  will allow necessary integration  activities
to be directly linked with the specific programs they support.   The Toxics  Integra-
tion program element  is  eliminated in  1987; however, the activities are  integrated
as appropriate into the three major TSCA program elements.

     Chemical Testing — The Chemical Testing program  is the focal  point  for  deve-
loping and accumulating  data on  existing chemicals.  Section 4 of  TSCA allows EPA
to require testing  of  specific  chemicals  or'mixtures when  insufficient data 'is
available to determine health and  environmental effects.   This  testing decision  is
based on a determination that a chemical  may pose an unreasonable risk or  that  it  is
produced in substantial quantities  which  may result in significant human exposure  or
environmental release.

     EPA must respond  within one year  to the  Interagency Testing  Committee's  (ITC)
lists of chemicals designated  for  priority  testing  consideration.   Those lists are
published twice yearly.  While  ITC testing  designations are given  priority  consid-
eration, EPA can require testing on other chemicals of concern.   The testing  program
emphasizes the importance of obtaining test data as quickly  as possible and ensuring
that data is of high quality and defensible for regulatory  purposes.  This requires
the publication of acceptable  test methodologies  and good laboratory  practices  as
well as conducting a comprehensive laboratory/data audit  program.

     Exi stjng Chemical Review — The Existing  Chemical Review  program encompasses
the more than 60,000 chemicals in  commerce  when TSCA was passed and all new chemi-
cals manufactured  since  then.   There are some  63,000  chemicals now listed on the
TSCA Inventory  of Chemical  Substances.   The  goal  of the  program  is  to reduce
significant risks to  society  from these chemicals.   To  accomplish  this  EPA (1)
looks at  known  information  on  existing chemicals,  (2) determines whether  there
might be a problem associated  with the chemical,  (3) assesses the  magnitude of the
problem, (4) decides  what to  do about  it,  and  (5)  translates the  solution into
action.  This process  of  evaluating a  chemical's  risks  as it moves through the
review cycle is referred to as the existing, chemical  program.

     TSCA authority over existing chemicals is broad.  It Includes  Section 4,  which
allows EPA to  order  testing:  Section  8,  which permits us  to gather information
which is already available to manufacturers and processors; Section 6, which allows
us to control a  chemical  at  any stage in its life cycle or ban it completely; and
Section 9, which requires us to refer a chemical to another regulatory Agency  if  we
                                      TS-30

-------
determine that the agency has adequate authority.   The significant new use provisions
of Section 5,  as well as non-regulatory chemical  advisories are also used to  address
certain existing chemical  problems,

     New Chemical  Review — The New  Chemical  Review program reflects the preventive
philosophy of TSCA by  reviewing  the potential  effects  of all new  chemicals  before
they are manufactured  or  imported.   Manufacturers and Importers  are  required  to
submit to the Agency a 90-day advance notification of their  intent to  manufacture
or import a  new chemical   substance.   The  objective of the program is to  conduct
meaningful  reviews on  all  new  chemical  notices  and  take  prompt  action on  those
that require additional data or pose  concerns potentially warranting control.  The
Section 5(h)(4) exemption  provision  allows  EPA to exclude  low risk chemicals from
full review requirements.  The  authorities  of  Section 5(a)(2)  enable the  Agency
to extend Section  5  coverage to  protect against  risks  as new  chemicals develop.

     EPA imposes a variety of  control  actions  on  new chemicals  of concern.   These
actions include voluntary  actions on  the part  of  the submitter, withdrawal  of the
notice, and issuance  of Section  5(e) and  5(f)  orders.   Section  5(e)  orders  are
issued when inadequate data are  available to evaluate the health and environmental
risks posed by a  new chemical  and when the  chemical "may present"  an  unreasonable
risk or will  be produced  in substantial quantity  and  will have substantial  human
exposure or environmental   release.  The majority of these orders are made with the
"consent" of the PMN submitter and  result in limited manufacture of the substance,
albeit with  restrictions,  until  more  definitive  information   is  obtained.   The
authority of Section 5(f)  is invoked  when a  chemical is  found to present an unrea.-
sonable risk.   This  may result  in  the  promulgation  of  an  Immediately  effective
Section 6(a) rule which bans production of the  chemical.


TOXICS INTEGRATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency is not  requesting any dollars  or  total workyears  for  this  program
element in 1987.  This  represents decreases of $597,100 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $699,700 in the Abatement, Control  and  Compliance appropriation
and a decrease of  12.8 total workyears.  Toxics  Integration program activities and
functions will be  transferred  to the  Existing Chemical  Review,  Chemical  Testing
and New Chemical Review programs in  1987.


1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is allocating  a total  of $1,296,800  supported by 12.8
total workyears  for  this  program,   of  which  $597,100 Is  from the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $699,700  is from the Abatement, Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

     The program continues to  emphasize  identification  and coordination  of  cross-
media chemical issues  and  efforts to increase  the utility  of TSCA-generated  data,
risk and exposure  assessment tools,  and  TSCA authorities  both within EPA and with
other Federal  agencies.  TSCA Information exchange with other EPA  offices,  States,
Regions, other  Federal  agencies  and  international  organizations  will  continue.

     State activities are  coordinated through  the National  Governor's  Association
and other  organizations,   while  Federal  agency  activities  are  being  coordinated
through a variety of mechanisms.  International  information exchange occurs  through
participation in the  International  Program  on  Chemical   Safety, the  International
Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals  and  the Organization  for Economic Coopera-
tion and Development Switchboard program.  Shared information includes data  collec-
ed under Section  4 testing and  Section  8 information gathering as well as  other
technical and scientific expertise gained through implementation  of TSCA.
                                       TS-31

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1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of  $1,745,600  supported by  12.1  total
workyeafs of which  $681,200 was from the Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation  and
$1,064,400 was from the Abatement,  Control and Compliance appropriation.

     In 1985, Toxics Integration activities focused  on cross-media toxic pollution
problems and on  providing mechanisms to promote inter-media  coordination.   Cross-
media chemical  strategies  were  initiated  or continued on polychlorinated biphenyls
disposal issues, hexachlorobenzene  and methylene chloride.   New areas  of potential
cross-media support using TSCA authorities were identified for various  EPA offices,
including the use of Section 8(d) by the Office of  Solid Waste and Section 4 by  the
Office of Air and Radiation.

     Updates to  the  Intermedia  Priority  Pollutant  documents were  published.   The
EPA Chemical Activity Status Report  and the TSCA Test  Submission  System  were main-
tained and  are  available  to the public.  Conversion of the Chemical  Substances
Information Network  (CSIN) to   a microcomputer  environment  was  completed  and  the
CSIN microsoftware was  made available through  the National  Technical  Information
Service in September 1985.


CHEMICAL TESTING

1987 Program^Rejiuejtt

     The Agency "requests  a total  of $7,920,800  supported  by 86.0  total  workyears
for this  program,  of  which  $3,912,500  will  be  for  the   Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation and $4,008,300  will   be  for the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance
appropriation.  This represents  an  increase of $188,000 and a decrease  of $688,900
respectively, and no change in total  workyears.   The  increase  in  Salaries  and
Expenses results from higher anticipated  operating costs.  The decrease  in Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance is a  result  of  changes 1n the  test  rule  development
process.
    *
     In 1987, the Agency  will  emphasize  streamlined,  enforceable  actions designed
to get testing underway  as quickly as possible.  Test data development  activities
will include: publication  of initial testing decisions on eight  chemicals from  the
17th and  18th  ITC  lists  and  one   ITC  recommended  chemical  from  the  14th  list.
Another 19  testing  actions will  be issued --  15  will  be  final   rules  requiring
testing to  begin.   We  will  continue toward  final test  rulemaking action on  two
non-ITC chemicals—diethylene glycol  butyl ether  and  dioxins and dibenzofurans.

     We will begin test rule development on the category of glycol  ethers.  Testing
will fill data gaps  identified by the Existing Chemical Review program and necessary
for risk assessment  and  regulatory  purposes.   We  will  also  continue  preliminary
work on an  exposure-based test  rule that will  require  health effects  testing  of
certain high-exposure  chemicals identified through  the Agency's  human  monitoring
program.                            :l

     By the end of 1987, test rules will  have  been  promulgated on 17 ITC  chemicals.
As final test rules are published,  the Agency  will  continue to process  applications
for exemptions from testing.  We will also continue to conduct data and  laboratory
audit activities to  ensure that TSCA test data  are  reliable and scientifically
sound.  Support to other EPA programs will be  provided as priority testing require-
ments are identified.   In addition,  TSCA  Section 4  rulemaking records  and industry
submissions will  be  shared with other  EPA offices.   The  guidelines program will
continue at the  level  established  in  1986.   Data  development activities  will  be
initiated for chemicals on the  19th and 20th  ITC lists.
                                     TS-32

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is allocating  a total  of $8,421,700  supported  by  86,0
total workyears  for  this program,  of which  $3,724,500 is from  the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $4,697,200 is  from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
appropriation.

     The Agency  is considering the  use  of  consent agreements  as an  enforceable
alternative to test rules.  Such agreements would  be used where a consensus  on test-
ing requirements exists  among  EPA,  manufacturers  and/or processors,  and interested
members of the public.   In  such circumstances,  consent  agreements  can  expedite the
initiation of testing  while providing  safeguards equivalent to  those that would
apply under test rules.  The consent  agreements would assure that sanctions  could be
imposed under TSCA's  penalty provisions  if  agreedupon  testing  were not performed
and will trigger other key TSCA provisions,  similar to  a test  rule.

     A high level of  testing activity is planned.  During the year,  data  development
activities are being  initiated  for chemicals  included on  the 17th and 18th ITC  lists.
Responses to the seven chemicals on the 15th  ITC list were published  between  August
and November  1985  with  test rules  being proposed for five of  those  chemicals;
initial testing decisions will  be issued in  May 1986  on  the 16th ITC list which
includes five chemicals.   Another 15 testing  actions  will be  issued  — two  will
be final  rules   requiring testing  to begin;  the  others  (from  earlier ITC  lists)
will require  another  stage  of  rulemaking.   Won-ITC  chemical  data   development
activities are  continuing  on  diethylene glycol   butyl   ether,  and  dioxins   and
dibenzofurans.  For the  first  time, the  authority  of   Section 4  is  being used to
propose priority testing for  another  EPA  program  in  support  of  land  disposal
restrictions under the  1984 Amendments to the  Resource Conservation and  Recovery
Act.  OTS is continuing  Its participation in data audit activities  to  ensure  that
test data are reliable and scientifically sound.

     Test guideline activity continues  at the  1985 level with publication of several
additional chemical  fate and  environmental  effects test  methods  expected.    Four
new guidelines, under development since 1984, are being published  on site-specific
and generic microcosm methodologies.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $12,772,900  supported  by  109.0 total
workyears, of  which  $5,095,000 was  from the  Salaries  and Expenses appropriation
and $7,677,900  was  from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance  appropriation.

     During 1985, testing actions  were taken  on a total of 23 chemicals.  Initial
decisions included  four chemicals on the 13th ITC list and five chemicals on  the  14th
ITC list; testing will be required on four of the nine  chemicals.   Post  initial  and
final decisions  included eleven  actions:   three  proposed and eight   final.   The
Agency also acted  on  carbofuran  intermediates,  recommended by the ITC  In  its  llth
list but  not  designated  for response  within  one year; a  decision not to require
testing was  published.   One non-ITC  testing action  was published:   an advance
notice of proposed  rulemaking on diethylene glycol  butyl  ether, a chemical identified
by the Existing Chemical Review program.

     During 1985, EPA amended  its  two-phase  rulemaking  procedures  to add a stream-
lined single-phase rulemaking  process to expedite  the  development of  test  rules.
This approach  has  several  advantages--1t shortens  the  rulemaking  period  to  24
months; expedites  initiation  of the  required  testing-,' eliminates the  requirement
for industry to submit test  protocols  for approval; yet preserves the flexibility of
the two-phase process by allowing industry to submit alternative test methodologies
during the comment  period.

     Four new chemical  fate guidelines were  published  in 1985.   To date, EPA  has
published a total  of 94 test   guidelines covering 110 test  methods.   The  annual
review of published guidelines resulted in one guideline being updated.
                                      TS-33

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EXISTING CHEMICAL REVIEW

1987 Progrm Keque^t

     The Agency requests a total of $17,961,200 supported by 178.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $7,856,400 will  be  for the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appro-
priation and $10,104,800 will be for  the Abatement, Control and Compliance  appro-
priation.  This  represents  an  increase  of  $234,200 and  a decrease  of  $192,800
respectively, and a decrease of two  total  workyears.   The increase  in  Salaries
and Expenses  is  a  result of  higher  anticipated  operating costs.   The  decrease
in Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  will  be possible through increased use  of
category evaluations.  The reduction in total  workyears results  from a decrease  of
12 total workyears  transferred  to  the  Asbestos-in-Schpols  Program Administration
program and  an  increase of  ten total  workyears  for  air  toxics, groundwater, and
category evaluation activities.

     TSCA will be used to support Agency efforts  to address groundwater  contamina*
tion and air toxics.  We will determine the feasibility of using TSCA's information
collection provisions to  obtain data on   groundwater  contamination  by  volatile
organic chemicals, fertilizers,  and waste discharges from  septic tanks.   The  Office
of Toxic Substances'  modeling  expertise will  be  used to predict  areas  which are.
vulnerable to groundwater contamination and to  establish data collection  priorities
for areas most likely to be  contaminated.  OTS  will  continue to  provide support and
expertise to  the air toxics strategy  by  developing  site-specific  criteria, and
revising the acute hazards list  and chemical profiles.

     In 1987,  we will  continue to  emphasize  the  chemical category  approach  to
existing chemical problems.   Regulatory issues of the past  few  years highlight the
importance and need  for the  assessment  and regulation of chemicals by categories.
The issue of new chemical bias (unbalanced  scrutiny  of new chemicals compared  to
existing ones) and  the  issue of how to address the risks posed  by use substitutes
for regulated existing chemicals stem  from  regulation on a chemical-by-chemical ba-
sis.  Category evaluations  allow the Agency to examine both  the existing and new
members of a category simultaneously  rather than  sequentially and to develop regu-
latory responses which address both.  We will  continue  our  efforts  to  characterize
risks associated with aromatic  amines, epoxy  resins, and respirable fibers  cate-
gories; action on  two  other categories (i.e.,  a  Section  4  test  rule  on  glycol
ethers and a Section 5 significant  new use rule on acrylates) is planned  in the
Chemical Testing and New Chemical  Review programs.

     The existing chemicals  program  review process will  continue  to deal  with  an
estimated 85 chemicals in some  stage  of  problem characterization,  risk evaluation,
and risk management;  most of these chemicals  will  have entered  review  prior  to
1987.  About 16 risk management  actions are planned in 1987, These  include Section
6 control actions,  Section  9 referrals.  Section  5  significant new use rules and
non-regulatory chemical  advisories.

     TSCA Information gathering authorities will  be  used to   support  assessment
activities on TSCA chemicals, as well  as chemicals of concern to other  EPA  offices.
The Section 8(a)  comprehensive assessment information rule (CAIR) will  be published
in final form.  This model rule  will provide a  comprehensive, standardized reporting
capability for all  Agency offices.   We  will  continue  to identify and  coordinate
cross-media chemical issues  and to  utilize TSCA to support other EPA programs and
Federal agencies.  We will exchange  TSCA  information with other EPA offices, States,
Regions, other Federal  agencies, and international organizations.  Data base  devel-
opment will  include systems  for  the updated TSCA inventory and  for  CAIR.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total of $17,919,800   supported  by 180.6
total workyears  for this  program,  of which $7,622,200 is from the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $10,297,600 is  from the Abatement,   Control  and Compli-
ance appropriation.
                                       TS-34

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      The emphasis  on dealing with existing chemical  problems  and the use of cate-
 gory evaluations  continues  in 1986.   Preliminary  strategies have  been developed
 on acrylates,  aromatic amines, glycol  ethers, epoxy resins, and respirable fibers.
 In 1986, we are implementing some elements of the control  strategies for two cate-
 gories by  beginning  to  draft regulations;  strategies for  three  categories  are
 undergoing further  evaluation.  The existing chemical  program review  process contin-
 ues to look at individual  chemicals  as they come to  our attention through TSCA's
 screening provisions,  maintaining  approximately 80-85  chemicals in  the process.
 Risk management activities  will  focus  on regulatory  actions  under Section 6  or
 Section 9 on glycol ethers, metal working  fluids, formaldehyde, methylene chloride,
 and on the public  and  commercial  uses  of  asbestos.   Section  5 significant new use
 rules and chemical  advisories  are planned  on  several  other  chemicals.

      Broad use of  TSCA's  information  gathering authorities  will  continue.   The
 Agency plans to finalize the Section 8(d)  rule  supporting  information needs of the
 Office of Solid Waste.  The comprehensive assessment information rule (CAIR) is being
 proposed under Section 8(a) of TSCA allowing the Agency to move closer to its goal
 of a model  reporting  rule.   Standardized  reporting under this rule  will  not only
 minimize new  rule  development but  will  reduce duplicative  efforts  and industry
 reporting burden.   The TSCA inventory update rule is being finalized and will require
 manufacturers/importers  of chemical  substances to report current production volume
 and plant site data on  a  critical  portion  of the chemicals  included  on the TSCA
 chemical inventory.  One of the major  attributes of  this  rule is that it requires
 both initial and  recurring reporting -- an  updating  mechanism not included in the
 original inventory  reporting  rule.  Broad-based monitoring will  identify existing
 chemicals with widespread human exposure.

      Salaries  and Expenses and total workyear costs for Asbestos-in-Schools Program
 Administration, described elsewhere  under Toxic Substances  Financial  Assistance,
 are budgeted in this program.


 1985 Accomplishments

      In 1985,  the  Agency obligated a total of $16,716,300  supported by 171.6 total
 workyears for  this  program, of which $7,116,500 was from the Salaries and Expenses
 appropriation  and $9,599,800  was  from the  Abatement,  Control and Compliance appro-
 priation.

      During the year,  the Agency undertook  a  number of new  initiatives designed
 to improve and refine its  information  gathering and  risk  evaluation capabilities,
 and to address several  significant  hazards  to  human  health  and  the environment.
 TSCA data and  expertise  played a  key role in the Agency's air toxics  strategy by
 preparing criteria, an  Illustrative  list  of acutely toxic  substances,  chemical-
 specific profiles  and  guidance to  local communities  for evaluating and  responding
 to accidental  releases.   A  rule  was proposed  under  TSCA  Section  8(d)  to acquire
 health and safety  studies from industry for use by  the Office of Solid Waste; this
-marks the first time a  TSCA  rule  was written  specifically to collect information
 for another program.  The Agency proposed a  Section  8(a)  rule that  would require
 manufacturers/importers  of chemical  substances to report current production volume
 and plant site  data on a critical  portion of  the more  than 63,000 chemicals included
 on the TSCA Chemical Inventory.  The proposed  rule  represents the first update of
 the inventory's production data since 1977.

      Other major  risk  evaluation activities  in 1985  focused on  a  Section  4(f)
 priority review of methylene  chloride  and a  regulatory investigation of formalde-
 hyde.  Risk assessment documents  were prepared on six  potentially hazardous chemi-
 cals.  During  1985, 83  chemicals  were  subjected.to  the existing chemical program
 review process.  Of that number,  21 were dropped, seven were  referred for informa-
 tion gathering, 11  were  referred  for  risk  management,  and 48 are undergoing further
 evaluation. Risk management activities in 1985 resulted in TSCA  Section 6 actions
 or Section 9 referrals  on polychlorinated  biphenyls,  asbestos  abatement, mpthylene-
 dianiline (4,4'-MDA) and 1,3-butadiene,  We also proposed Section 5 significant new
                                       TS-35

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use rules  to monitor  the  future  use  of  4,41~methylenebis(2-chlorobenzenainine}
(MBOCA) and  hexachloronorbornadiene  (HEX-BCH).   The Agency  issued chemical  advi-
sories on two chemicals, and continued work on glycol ethers and metalworking fluids.

     Salaries and Expenses  and total  workyear  costs  for the Asbestos-in-  Schools
Program Administration, described  elsewhere  under the  Toxic Substances  Financial
Asssistance, are budgeted in this program.


NEW CHEMICAL REVIEW

1987 Program

     The Agency requests a total of $16,280,400 supported  by 209.6 total  workyears
for this   program,  of which   $9,043,300  will  be for   the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $7,237,100  will  be  for the  Abatement, Control  and  Compliance
appropriation. This  represents  an  increase  of  $381,600 and  a decrease  of $72,200
respectively, and no change  in total  workyears*  The increase  in  Salaries  and
Expenses is a result of anticipated higher operating  costs.  The decrease in Abate-
ment, Control and  Compliance  will  be  possible  through  streamlining  of  the  PMN
process.

     EPA will continue to subject all new chemicals  to  a thorough  review (premanu-
facture notification, or  PMN)  to ensure  that  any unreasonable health and  environmen-
tal risks  are adequately  controlled.  In  1987,  EPA will review approximately 1,800
new chemical notices of which 300 are eligible for an abbreviated review as defined
in thf»  polymer,  low volume,  and test  market  exemptions.   About 120  of the  PMN
chemicals will require some form of control (testing, exposure controls, withdrawal
of PMN's),  Test data will be  arriving  as  a  result of  Section 5(e) actions.  There
will be  increased  attention  to coordination  of  reviews  and  actions  with  other
programs to ensure that decisions are consistent  across the  Agency and  that  future
environmental problems (e.g.,   air,  water,  disposal)   are  effectively  prevented.
Close coordination with the Existing Chemical  Review Program will  also be an integral
part of all new chemical  decisions.

     In 1987, we  will  continue  emphasis  on  ensuring  that risks do not  develop as
new chemicals enter the marketplace.   We will publish proposed or final  significant
new use  rules  (SNURs)  or Section  8(a)  reporting rules  for  25 new chemicals.   We
will focus on chemicals that are the  subject of Section 5(e) orders,  and other new
chemicals that  present tdxicity  characteristics which  warrant  follow-up.   The
program will  continue to  stress  more  efficient  regulatory approaches  including
category follow-up  rules.  Two category  SNURs  will  be prepared during  1987.   The
practice of  issuing  advisory circulars that provide guidance  to  industry  on  new
chemical requirements and  policies will continue.  We  will  also continue to implement
the Agency's policy  on biotechnical substances  and work closely with other parties
to provide for the  coordinated  review  of biotechnical  substances.  The  Structure-
Activity Relationship  (SAR) study  will  be continued.   Testing is  expected  to  take
three years; therefore, analysis of  the  results  of  this  study  will  not  be ready
until June 1988.

     The Agency plans  to  initiate  studies on  regulatory, operational,  and  admin-
istrative isssues related to  instituting  fees for this  program  in 1987.   The  fees
will not affect the Budget Authority described for this program in 1987.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a  total of $15,971,000  supported  by 209.6
total workyears  for  this program,  of  which $8,661,700 is  from the Salaries  and
Expenses appropriation and $7,309,300 is from the Abatement,  Control  and Compliance
appropriation.
                                       TS-36

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     The workload of this program increased dramatically in 1985 but  is  expected to
stay relatively level  in  1986.  Productivity improvements in the program have allowed
us to  keep  up  with  workload  demand.    In  1986,  we  anticipate  receiving  1,800
new chemical  notices  of  which approximately 120  will  require some  form  of  Agency
control, either voluntary or formal;  300 actions will  receive an abbreviated  review
under the polymer and low volume exemption rules promulgated in 1985; and  we  expect
to review and act on  60  test  market exemption  requests.  In  1986,  EPA will -issue a
final policy statement concerning  the  applicability of TSCA  to  biotechnology  pro-
ducts.

     The follow-up of new chemicals  remains  an important part of  the program.   We
will issue chemical-specific  significant  new use  rules  (SNURs)  for 25 new chemical
substances subject to Section 5(e) orders as well as certain  other  chemicals  that
may present toxicity  characteristics that warrant follow-up.  We  will  propose  the
first generic follow-up  rule, to cover  a category  of chemicals (acrylates).   The
acrylate category rule and follow the same procedures  for case-by-case Section  5(e)
orders and the established  process for  fol low-up SNURs.  These  broader rules  will
improve the efficiency of the  follow-up program and allow industry to begin  follow-up
procedures more quickly.  In  1986, the  first new chemical advisory  circulars  will
be published to  provide  guidance to  industry on  the  new  chemical  program require-
ments or policies such as data requirements for categories of chemicals.

     A study is being conducted to determine if the Structure Activity Relationship
(SAR) technique is  an accurate  predictor of a chemical's  potential  toxicity.   SAR
is the process by which  the Agency uses chemical  fate  and biological  effects  data
on structurally  related  chemicals  to estimate hazards  of PMN chemicals  under  re-
view.  EPA currently  receives toxicity  data  on  less than  50 percent of  all  PMNs
submitted, and these  data most  commonly consist of acute  toxicity studies.   Since
we do not  have chronic  toxicity data,  EPA relies  on  SAR techniques  to  assess  haz-
ards.  The SAR study  will test  the chronic toxicity of 100  substances  and  compare
the results with the SAR judgments that were made when the substances underwent PMN
review.
     In 1985, the Age/icy obligated a total of $14,169,400  supported -by  207. D total
workyears for this program, of which $8,634,700  was  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,534,700 was from the  Abatement,  Control  and  Compliance appro-
priation.

     This program experienced  a  dramatic  workload  increase in 1985  (nearly 1,800
notices vs. the 1,200 expected).   Ongoing efforts to improve our review process and
other productivity increases enabled us  to meet  this  demand.   Of  the  1,787  notices
received in  1985,  66 were  test  market  exemption  applications,  of  which  60  were
granted and 6 denied; another  243  notices  were  submitted under the polymer and low
volume exemption procedures established early this year.

     In 1985, the Agency made a concerted effort  to increase the  quantity and quality
of toxicity data on  new chemicals  suspected  of presenting unreasonable risks.   The
Agency asks for testing before production begins if the testing can be done quickly
and without unreasonable expense.   EPA also  asks for  preproduction testing 1f the
potential risk cannot  be adequately controlled  pending availability of  the data.
However, if the  potential   risk  can be  controlled,  EPA issues  "delayed trigger"
testing orders under section  5(e)  which  require submission of  test data  only  when
production of the chemical  reaches a predetermined volume.

     EPA also implemented two final rules to  exempt certain chemicals  from full PKN
notice and review requirements;  one rule applied to certain polymers  and  to esters
manufactured solely  from  a list of approved reactants;  the second  rule exempted
chemicals that are produced in small amounts (i.e.,  less than 1,000  kg/yr).  Under
both exemption  rules,  eligible polymers  and  low  volume chemicals are now  subject
to a shortened  21-day   review  period  and  to  abbreviated notice  requirements.   We
continued to monitor new chemicals that  may be of  concern if  their uses change, or
                                       TS-3'

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if production  volumes  significantly  increase  from  those estimated  during their
initial  review.  During the year,  EPA proposed  10 SNURs covering 19 new chemicals
and promulgated  seven  SNURs covering 12  chemicals  to  regulate  the manufacture,
import,  or processing of a chemical subject to  a  SNUR.

     Work on biotechnology advanced during 1985.   EPA published a proposed policy
statement clarifying the applicability of TSCA and the  Federal  Insecticide, Fungi-
cide, and Rodenticide  Act  (FIFRA)  to  new microorganisms produced through  biotech-
nology and used commercially.
                                      TS-38

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Enforcement
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Tableof Contents

                                                                            Page
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
    ENFORCEMENT
       Toxic Substances Enforcement........	TS-40
          Toxic Substances Enforcement	 TS-42
          Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants.............................. TS-44
                                    TS-39

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                                                           TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                                    Toxic Substances Enforcement
                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
                      BUDGET
                     ESTIMATE
                       1986
         ENACTED
           1986
         BALANCED
          BUDGET
         REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
  1986
ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
  1987    DECREASE -
         1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
 Salaries & Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compli ance
Toxic Substances
Enforcement Grants
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance
                       TOTAL
         $5,748.3    $6,707.6   $6,651.4
         $1,253.9    $2,325.5   $2,325.5
                     -$285.9    $6,365.5   $6,672.4
                     -$100.0    $2,225.5   $1,825.5
                       TOTAL    $7,002.2    $9,033.1   $8,976.9     -$385.9    $8,591.0   $8,497.9
         $1,500.0    $2,300.0   $2,300.0

         $1,500.0    $2,300.0   $2,300.0
                      -$98.9    $2,201.1   $2,200.0

                      -$98.9    $2,201.1   $2,200.0
                                              $306.9
                                             -$400.0

                                              -$93.1
                                               -$1.1

                                               -$1.1
TOTAL:
 Salaries & Expenses
 Abatement Control and
 Compliance

Toxic Substances
Enforcement
         $5,748.3    $6,707.6   $6,651.4
         $2,753.9    $4,625.5   $4,625.5
                     -$285.9    $6,365.5   $6,672.4
                     -$198.9    $4,426.6   $4,025.5
TOTAL    $8,502.2   $11,333.1  $11,276.9     -$484.8   $10,792.1  $10,697.9
                                              $306.9
                                             -$401.1
                                                         -$94.2
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
            142.8
158.0
162.6
   162.6
   162.6
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
            142.8
158.0
162.6
   162.6
   162.6

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                                                      TOXIC SUBSTANCES

                                                Toxic Substances Enforcement
                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
          BUDGET
         ESTIMATE
           1986
         ENACTED
           1986
         BALANCED
          BUDGET
         REDUCTION
CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
  1986              1987 VS 1986
TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Toxic Substances
Enforcement

TOTAL WORKYEARS
158.4


158.4
168.7
168.7
175.6
175.6
   175.6
   175.6
175.6
175.6

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                                  TOXIC SUBSTANCES


                            Toxic Substances Enforcement


Budget Request

     The Agency requests a total of $10,697,900  supported  by  175.6  total  workyears
for 1987, a decrease  of $94,200 and no  change  in total workyears  from 1986.   In-
cluded In this  total  1s $6,672,400  for the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation,
and $4,025,500 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, an increase
of $306,900 and a decrease of $401,100 respectively.

P rogram Descr1pt 1 on

     This subactivlty  supports  all  compliance  monitoring and  compliance  assis-
tance activities under the Toxic Substances Control  Act  (TSCA),  including  support
for regulation  development.  Regional  compliance  monitoring  and  case  development,
Regional polychlorinated biphenyls  (PCB)  disposal  permitting efforts, and management
and oversight of State grant programs.

     Toxic Substances Enforcement — The Toxic  Substances Enforcement  program  en-
sures compliancewith TSCA andrelated rules  and  regulations.  Headquarters  and
Regional offices play d1st|nct but complementary  roles  in the program's operation.
Headquarters provides  enforcement  support  to  the   TSCA  regulatory  development
process; designs,   implements,  and  oversees  compliance monitoring  activities  by
developing guidance,  strategies  and  procedures; and provides  technical  compliance
assistance and  technical  support to  case  development  and prosecution  activities.
Headquarters also manages the  laboratory data  integrity program.  This  program  In-
volves inspections  of  laboratories that perform  toxic  substances testing  and  In-
depth audits of test  studies  submitted to the Agency under TSCA testing programs.

     Regional offices respond  to special risk  situations; Inspect  facilities  that
manufacture, process, distribute or  use new  or specifically  regulated  chemicals;
and monitor laboratories performing tests  pursuant to TSCA testing  rules  or volun-
tary testing  agreements.  Regional offices  also  assist the regulated  community in
complying with  all  applicable  TSCA regulations  and seek  voluntary  remedial  action
in Heu  of  enforcement  prosecution  where appropriate.   In  cases  where  voluntary
compliance is not achieved, Regional personnel prepare  and Issue  notices  of viola-
tion and administrative  orders.  The  enforcement program assists and  supports  the
Office of Enforcement and  Compliance Monitoring  (OECM)  in  the development  of civil
and criminal referrals.

     Tpxic Substances Enforcement Grants — This program provides financial  assist-
ance to Stateagencies  to develop  and  operate toxic  substances compliance monitor-
ing programs, in  cooperation  with the Environmental  Protection  Agency, especially
in the area  of control   of  PCB and asbestos.  This program permits  wider coverage
of the regulated community without requiring additional  Federal personnel.


TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENFORCEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total of  $8,497,900 supported  by  175.6  total  workyears
for this program, of  which $6,672,400  will  be for the Salaries and  Expenses appro-
priation and $1,825,500 will  be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion.  This  represents  an  Increase  of  $306,900 for  the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and a decrease of  $400,000 for the Abatement, Control  and Compliance
appropriation and  no change  In total  workyears.  The increase in Salaries  and
Expenses represents  Increased  staff support  and the  decrease  1n Abatement,  Control
and Compliance  1s  possible because of lower requirements for asbestos-1n-schools
compliance inspections.
                                       TS-42

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     In 1987, the Toxic  Substances  Enforcement program will continue  to  emphasize
case development and  providing technical  assistance to  improve levels of  compli-
ance.  The case development workload will  remain high as a result of  State programs
started in 1985 and  becoming  more  active  in 1986 and  1987.  Compliance  assistance
involves alerting the  regulated community  of  EPA  regulatory  actions and  provid-
ing advice and direct assistance to  industry in its  efforts to  come into  compliance
with TSCA rules.

     In 1987, the Regional  offices  will  maintain inspection levels  of  facilities
subject to regulations  for PCB marking and  disposal  and the PCB ban.   Inspection
resources will  be directed  to those industries that have  exhibited  high  violation
rates of the PCB regulations.

     The Regions will  conduct follow-up or supplemental inspections in  support  of
the asbestos-in-schools  rule,  although most  asbestos-in-schools compliance  moni-
toring inspections  will  be   conducted  through a  contractor.    This funding  will
support reviews of  records maintained  by local education  agencies  to ensure  in-
spections are conducted to detect friable  asbestos.   The Regions will also continue
to inspect for  compliance  with  the  asbestos  worker  protection rule in  States  where
the Occupational  Safety and Health  Administration does  not  inspect.    Finally,
technical assistance and training  in asbestos  abatement efforts will be provided
for State and local  government  personnel  and for  owners and  managers of  public and
commercial buildings.

     The Regional  offices  will  conduct  1) good laboratory practice  (GLP)  and test
rule inspections, 2) inspections to determine  compliance with  new chemical  regula-
tions, 3) inspections under the TSCA reporting  requirements,  4)  Import inspections,
and 5) export inspections.  The Regional  offices  will  provide  management  and  over-
sight of  compliance monitoring  activities  of  those  States  participating in  the
TSCA State cooperative agreement program.   The  Regional offices  will  be responsible
for the  review  and  approval  of  PCB landfills  and unique  design   stationary  PCB
incinerators, PCB disposal  site monitoring  and  liaison activities  (e.g.,  public
hearings) associated with  PCB disposal.  The Office  of Toxic Substances  will  Issue
permits to all  chemical and biological destruction systems, all  mobile incinerators,
and all stationary PCB incinerators  that are not of  a unique design.

     Headquarters staff  will  participate  in TSCA  rulemaking  activities and  will
develop compliance  strategies  and   enforcement  response  policies  for  each  new
regulation.  Headquarters will  provide  support  for  Regional  compliance monitoring,
voluntary compliance assistance, and  case development  activities under Sections 4,
5, 6,  8,  12  and  13.   Headquarters will   continue  to  manage  the overall -program
through appropriate  guidance  and   Regional  reviews,  including  on-slght  program
evaluations.  Headquarters  will also be  responsible  for managing  the  extramural
funding of compliance  monitoring inspections in support of the asbestos-in-schools
rule.   The Toxic Substances  Enforcement program will also prepare and Issue notices
of violation  and  administrative orders and  will  provide  technical  assistance and
support to  OECM in  the  prosecution of  civil and criminal  cases  as  warranted.


1986 Program                         ;

     In 1986, the  Agency  is  allocating a total  of $8,591,000  supported  by  175.6
total workyears, of  which  $6,365,500 is from the Salaries and  Expenses  appropria-
tion and $2,225,500  is from  the Abatement,  Control and Compliance  appropriation.

     The Regional  program inspects   for compliance and provides  direct assistance to
firms seeking to  comply voluntarily with TSCA requirements.   Where  violations are
detected, EPA will  encourage firms  to  take specific  remedial  actions  to  achieve
compliance.  If  compliance  is  not   achieved,  Regional  offices prepare  and  issue
notices of  violation and  administrative  orders,  and  will  develop  and  prosecute
cases, as warranted.  The Agency will  give priority  to  situations involving substan-
tial threats to human health  and the environment.
                                       TS-43

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     The Regional  offices conduct inspections to determine compliance with  Section
4 testing; Section  5 new chemical  regulations;  Section  6  chemical  control  rules
including PCB marking  and  disposal,  the PCB  ban,  asbestos-in-schools  rule,  and
other enforceable  rules;  Section 8  reporting  rules;  Section  12  export  require-
ments; and Section 13 import  requirements.   In the asbestos  area,  technical  assis-
tance and training in asbestos  abatement  efforts  are being provided for State  and
local government personnel  and  for owners  and  managers  of  public and  commercial
buildings.  Regional   offices  provide  oversight   and   management   for   the  State
grant program.  The  Regional  offices also  are  responsible  for PCB site  disposal
monitoring, liaison  functions associated with  PCB  disposal,  and the  review  and
approval of PCB landfills and unique-design  stationary  PCB incinerators.

     Headquarters manages and  execute  national   programs  to  monitor   compliance
with test  rules  and voluntary  testing  agreements  under  Section  4,  new  chemical
regulations under Section 5,  Section 6  chemical control  rules,  Section 8 reporting
regulations,  Section 12 export notice requirements,  and Section 13 import  require-
ments.  Headquarters is  responsible  for  managing  the  extramural  funding  of com-
pliance monitoring inspections under  the asbestos-in-schools  program.  Headquarters
also participates  in  regulation  development  directed  by  the  Office   of  Toxic
Substances.


1 985 Accompl i shment s

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  $7,002,200 supported by  158.4  total  workyears,
of which $5,748,300 was from the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation  and  $1,253,900
was from  the  Abatement,  Control  and Compliance  appropriation.  Extramural  funds
provided compliance  inspection  support,  chemical   analysis  of  samples,  and data
processing support.

     Regional staff  responded to  special  risk incidents, inspected  PCB  establish-
ments, conducted compliance monitoring  activities  to support Section 5 premanufac-
ture notification  review and  Section  8(e)  substantial  risk  notification,  and
developed and prosecuted  enforcement  cases  upon  detection  of  serious violations,
including those originating  from State-conducted  inspections.   The Agency  issued
administrative orders in  733  cases,  and  issued   1,136  notices of  warning.   The
Agency also referred two criminal  and six  civil  cases to the  Department of  Justice.

     Headquarters prepared compliance monitoring strategies  for the revised Section
6 PCB  rule,  amended  Section  6  PCB  Transformer  Fires  rule,  TSCA  Environmental
Monitoring update, FIFRA  and TSCA Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs)  rule,   and  the
Section 6 Asbestos Worker Protection  rule.   The Headquarters  compliance  monitoring
staff developed enforcement  response  policies for TSCA Good  Laboratory Practices
requirements and the Section  6 Asbestos Worker  Protection rule. Headquarters also
amended enforcement  response policies  for  Section  5  new chemicals  requirements,
Section 6 Asbestos-in- Schools  rule,  and  Section  8(a)  recordkeeping and reporting
requirements.


TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENFORCEMENT GRANTS             '•

             Request
     The Agency requests a total  of $2,200,000 for this program,  all  for the Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance  appropriation.   This  represents  a decrease of $1,100.
The decrease reflects lower expected needs in the States.

     This grant  will  be  included  in  a  legislative  proposal  for  block  grants
designed to  give States  more flexibility and  autonomy in administering  environ-
mental programs.  In  1987,  we expect States to continue the  following  activities.
                                      TS-44

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     EPA will  support toxic substances compliance  monitoring  programs  in  17  parti-
cipating States.  The State programs will emphasize chemical control  rules,  particu-
larly compliance monitoring of PCBs and asbestos.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating  a  total  of $2,201,100 to this  program,  all
from  the  Abatement,  Control   and Compliance appropriation.  These funds  support
State-conducted  toxic   substances  compliance   monitoring programs in 17  States,
These  State  programs  concentrate upon  chemical  control  rules under Section 6, in
particular PCB and asbestos compliance monitoring.


1985 Accomplishments

     The Agency obligated a total of $1,500,000 for  this  program, all  from the Abate-
ment, Control  and Compliance appropriation.   These  funds supported State cooperative
enforcement agreement programs in 15 States.   These States conducted  463 PCB inspec-
tions and 133 asbestos-in-schools inspections.
                                      TS-45

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Energy
  SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
ENERGY                                                                      E-l

    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Multi-Medi a Energy	 E-5
          Acid Rain	.	..... E-10
          Health Effects	,	 E-12
          Environmental Engineering and Technology	 E-12
          Environmental Processes and Effects	E^-13
                                      E-l

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          APPROPRIATION
                                                                    ENERGY
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                             (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
           Salaries & Expenses
           Research & Development

          TOTAL, Energy
                               $6,470.2
                              $50,342.3
             $5,454.1
            $61,863.2
 $5,129.8
$56,577.9
  -$220.5
-$2,433.8
 $4,909.3
$54,144.1
 $5,486.4
$54,103.0
                              $56,812.5   $67,317.3    $61,707.7    -$2,654.3    $59,053.4   $59,589,4
$577.1
-$41.1

$536.0
ra
to
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
     94.1        89.2         88.4                      88.4        77.2         -11.2
    105.7        97.7         97.0                      97.0        85.8         -11.2
$41,692.6   $58,659.6    $62,301,4      -$857.3    $61,444.1   $61,349.2        -$94.9
 Authorization for Energy is under the Research and Development Act, which expired
 September 30, 1981S and reauthorizatton 1s pending.
            v,,_

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                                       ENERGY


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY


     The Multi-media Energy  research and  development  program provides the  scien-
tific information  necessary  to  guide the  development  aad  utilization  of  energy
resources in  an environmentally  acceptable manner.   This program includes  three
major program areas: 1)  acid  deposition;  2) Limestone  Injection  Multistage  Burner
(LIMB) control technology; and  3) alternate energy (synthetic fuels)  development.

Acid Deposition

     The acid  deposition  research  program  represents  the  Agency's   part  of  the
National Acid  Precipitation  Assessment Program  which  is  mandated  by the  Energy
Security Act  of  1980 (Title  VII  of  P.L.  96-294).   Its purpose is to  increase the
understanding of the causes and effects of acid deposition  so that  reliable  infor-
mation can be made available  to policy-makers in support of their efforts  to  deter-
mine what  measures  should  be  taken to   resolve  the  acid  deposition  problem.

     The 1987 program will continue  to expand the basic  research  that  will  provide
better information  on  the physical   and  chemical  mechanisms,  and the  deposition
processes, that  govern  the  acid  deposition phenomenon.   Major  emphasis  will  be
placed on  the development and  evaluation  of  atmospheric  models.  This  research
will enable  policy-makers  to  predict changes  in  deposition levels  that  result
from emission reductions in nearby or distant sources.

     The 1987 program will also  expand the scope of  research  on  materials damage.
Recent scientific  information  indicates  that  the  effects of  acid  deposition  on
materials may  be significant.   In  1987,  EPA will  conduct  field  and  laboratory
research to  quantify more precisely the  potential  economic  impact  of damage  to
materials due to  acid  deposition.   For example,  brick, mortar,  concrete,  roofing
materials and  building  sealants  will  be  added to  the  EPA field testing  program.

     A third  area of major emphasis will  be enhanced  research  on aquatic effects.
In 1987, EPA  will  enhance  research that seeks to quantify the effects of  acidifi-
cation on aquatic  systems  through the development  of  dose/response  relationships.
Major emphasis  in  1987   will   be  placed  on completing  the National  Surface  Water
Survey (NSWS).   This effort  has  involved  sampling the chemistry and biology  of
lakes and streams throughout  the  United States to assess the status of acidification
of surface waters.

LIMB Control Technology

     The LIMB  control  technology  program  is designed  to  develop and demonstrate
effective and inexpensive emission control  systems that will  simultaneously  remove
sulfur oxides  (SOX)  and  nitrogen oxides  (NOX)  from boiler flue  gases of  new and
existing pulverized  coal-fired   boilers.   This  research  and development  program
will continue to  provide  data  on  performance,  reliability, and cost efficiency  to
accelerate the  commercial  availability of the technology  in both wall-fired and
tangentially-fired applications.

Synthetic Fuels

     In 1987, EPA will eliminate  the synthetic fuels research program.  This program
currently focuses on providing  special studies  on  synfuel specific processes for
EPA regulatory offices and States in the development of Environmental  Impact  State-
ments, permit  applications and  monitoring  plans.   These  synfuels studies  reflect
research associated with projects sponsored by the U.S. Synthetic Fuels Corporation
(SFC).  Since the  SFC  will  be  eliminated in  1986,  EPA's research   role in  this
area will be completed.
                                      E-3

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Research and
Development
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
ENERGY
    RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
       Mul ti-Medi a Energy.	£-5
          Acid Rain..	£-10
          Health Effects....	 1-12
          Environmental Engineering and Technology.....	 £-12
          Environmental Processes and Effects	 E-13
                                     E-4

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                                           ACTUAL
                                            1985
                                                                         ENERSY

                                                                   Hulti-Media Energy
                                             BUDGET
                                            ESTIMATE
                                              1986
ENACTED
  1986
BALANCED
 BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
  1986              1987 VS 1986
         PROGRAM
                                                       (DOLLARS  IN  THOUSANDS)
Ul
        Acid  Rain  -  Multi-Media
        -  Energy
         Salaries  &  Expenses
         Research  &  Development
                                TOTAL
Health Effects - Multi-
Media - Energy
 Salaries & Expenses
 Research & Development
                                TOTAL
         Environmental
         Engineering  &
         Technology - Multi-
         Media  -  Energy
          Salaries &  Expenses
          Research &  Development
                                TOTAL
         Environmental  Processes
         & Effects  -  Multl-Media
         - Energy
          Research  &  Development
                               TOTAL

         TOTAL:
          Salaries  &  Expenses
          Research  &  Development
         MuTti-Media  Energy     TOTAL
$3,508,9
$34,450.5
$37,959.4
$378.4
$786.4
$1,164.8
$2,582.9
$14,705.4
$17,288.3
$400.0
$400.0
$6,470.2
$50,342.3
$56,812.5
$3,094.1
$57,512.5
$60,606.6

$2,360.0
$3,950.7
$6,310.7
$400.0
$400.0
$5,454.1
$61,863.2
$67,317.3
$3,107.1
$47,837.6
$50,944.7

$2,022,7
$8,540.3
$10,563.0
$200.0
$200.0
$5,129.8
$56,577.9
$61,707.7
-$133.6
-$2,058.0
-$2,191.6

$-86.9
-$367.2
-$454.1
-$8.6
-$8.6
-$220.5
-$2,433.8
-$2,654.3
$2,973.5
$45,779.6
$48,753.1

$1,935.8
$8,173.1
$10,108.9
$191.4
$191.4
$4,909.3
$54,144.1
$59,053.4
$4,000,0
$51,133.0
$55,133.0
•
$1,486.4
$2,970.0
$4,456.4

$5,486.4
$54,103.0
$59,589.4
$1,026.5
$5,353.4
$6,379.9

-$449.4
-$5,203.1
-$5,652.5
-$191.4
-$191.4
$577.1
-$41.1
$536.0

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                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
          BUDGET
         ESTIMATE
           1986
                 ENERGY

            Multi-Media Energy

        ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT   -ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
          1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
                   REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Acid Rain - Multi-Media
- Energy

Health Effects - Multi-
Medla - Energy

Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Multi-
Medla - Energy

TOTAL PERMANENT HORKYEARS
 50.9
  4.8
 38.4
 94.1
56.0
55,2
55.2
55.2
33.2
89.2
33.2
88.4
33.2
88.4
22.0
77.2
-11.2
-11.2
TOTAL HORKYEARS
Acid Rain - Multl-Media
- Energy

Health Effects - Multl-
Media - Energy

Environmental
Engineering &
Technology - Multl-
Media - Energy
 58.9
  4.8
 42.0
60.0
37.7
60.0
37.0
60.0
37.0
60.0
25.8
-11.2
TOTAL WORKYEARS
105.7
97.7
97.0
97.0
85.8
-11.2

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                                        ENERGY


                                  Multi -media  Energy
1987 PLANNED OUTPUTS
3S3SSSS3X3SSBSS33SS33K

Objectj ve 1;  EsJjmaJeJM^sJons  from  Man-made Sources

o  A  1985  emissions  Inventory  for use  with  the Regional  Acid  Deposition  Model
   (Acid Rain)

Objective 2:  Understand Atmospheric Processes

o  Field  studies  to improve  our  confidence  in  the Regional Acid  Deposition  Model
   (Acid Rain)

Objj|cti1ye_j4 Tm Establish Deposition  Monitoring Data Bases

o  An  expanded dry  deposition network  of  approximately 40-50  sites  (Acid  Rain)

Objective 4:  Understand and  Quantify  Aquatic Effects

o  A report on results of the Western  Lake  Survey (Acid Rain)
o  A  report  on  "Direct/Delayed   Response"  of  water  bodies  to  acid  deposition
   inputs (Acid Rain)

Objective 5:  Understand and  Quantify  Terrestrial Effects
u.«irai«ii«^                           ........... iiiirm-mitttm .^z»-.rtt-dBzjiiiT.-mt™:t.r«jr™™iBniiii,»iiiu.jiiT- ....... nil™ ........ ininii ...... ..... i ...... in

o  A  report on  the association  of  acid  deposition and its  precursors  with  the
   decline  in forest productivity in high  altitude forests (Acid Rain)

Objective 10:  Devel op and JEyal uate L

o  A  report  on  LIMB  engineering studies  as   they   relate  to  commercialization
   requirements for Industry  (Env.  Technology)
o  A  report on  pilot-scale  tests  to  evaluate  LIMB  sorbent   injection parameters
   for boiler applications  (Env.  Technology)


1986 PLANNED OUTPUTS
Objective 1:  Estimate Emissions  from Man-made Sources

o  An improved  1985 man-made  emissions inventory (Acid Rain)

Objective 2:  Understand Atmospheric Processes

o  A cloud  chemistry network  to cover the major high altitude forest systems in the
   eastern  United  States  (Acid  Rain)

Objective 3:  Establish pepojl^o^ MpnJ^orlng Data Bases

o  A dry  deposition monitoring network  (30 sites) based  on the  1985 pilot network
   (Acid Rain)
                                       E-7

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Objective 4:  Understand and Qu anti fy Aquat1c  Effects
o  A  full   stream  sampling  study as  part of the  National  Surface  Water  Survey
   (Acid Rain)
o  A report on the analysis of long-term monitoring  data  (Acid  Rain)
Objective 5:Understand andQuantifyTerrestrial  Effects
o  A  final   report  on  reduced   annual  incremental  growth  in trees  (Acid  Rain)
o  A progress report on spruce/fir forest  effects  (Acid Rain)
Objective 8:  Assess   Research  Results  and Data  to Provide  Inforniatiqn for PoTjjcjf
Analysis
o  A report on the 1985 Assessment and deposition  phenomenon  (Acid  Rain)
Objective 10;  Developand Evaluate  LIMB Control Technology
o  A report documenting site specific design for the wall-fired field  demonstration
   (Env. Technology)
o  A  report  on  the  effects  of  coal  sulfur, trace  ash species  evaluation,  and
   promoters  for sulfur capture (Env. Technology)
1985 ACTUAL OUTPUTS
BB.XSSSSSSSSSSSBSSBaCxaS
Objectlye 1:  Estimate  Emissions from Man-made  Sources
o  A comprehensive 1980 emissions inventory (Acid  Rain)
o  A report on Historical Emissions  Trends, 1900-1980  (Acid Rain)
Objective2i  Understand AtmosphericProcesses
o  The establishment  of the  eastern mountain top monitoring  stations (Acid  Rain)
Objective 3:Establish Deposition Monitoring  Data Bases
o  A report on prototype dry deposition monitors (Acid Rain)
o  A siting plan for the dry deposition monitoring network.(Acid Rain)
Objective4:  Understandand Quantify Aquatic  Effects
o  Final   reports  on primary  analyses  of  data from eastern  lake  component  of  the
   National  Surface Water Survey  (Acid Rain)
o  A multi-regional survey of watershed sensitivity  (Acid  Rain)
Objective 5:  Understand and Quantify Terrestrial  Effects
o  A joint  research project  with the U.  S.   Forest Service  on the forest  decline
   syndrome in northeastern and southeastern forests (Acid Rain)
Objective8;  Assess   Research  Results  and Datato Provide  Informationfor Policy
jna1y.sj.sr'    	
o  A Critical  Assessment Document   on the acid deposition  phenomenon (Acid  Rain)
o  A  report  on  the inventory  of  National  Acid  Precipitation Assessment  Program
   research projects (Acid Rain)
                                        E-8

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                                       ENERGY


                                 Multi-media Energy
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a  total  of $59,589,400 supported by  85.8  total  workyears
for 1987,  an  increase  of  $536,000  and  a decrease  of 11,2  total  workyears  from
1986.  Of  the  request, $5,486,400  will   be  for the  Salaries and  Expenses  appro-
priation and $54,103,000 will  be for  the Research and Development  appropriation,
an increase of $577,100 and a decrease of $41,100, respectively.

Program Descri pti on

     The multi-media energy research  and development program was designed to provide
the scientific and technical information  necessary to support the Agency's permit-
ting and standard-setting processes, and  to  allow  for the development and utiliza-
tion of energy sources  in  an environmentally acceptable manner.  Research  is  con-
ducted to better understand  the  phenomenon of  acid deposition and provide informa-
tion upon  which mitigation decisions  may be made; expand  "EPA's knowledge  of the
performance, reliability,   and  cost  of the  limestone injection multistage  burner
(LIMB) control technology;  characterize  and  evaluate synthetic  fuels  discharges;
and evaluate the  impacts  of energy  development in  cold  climates.   The  following
objectives support these activities:

     Objective 1:   Estimate Emissions from Man-made Sources.      This research im-
proves our understanding of  the  relationships  among emissions  resulting from man's
activities,

     Objective 2:    Understand  Atmospheric  Processes.  This research improves our
capability to  examine  ah~3predict  the  transport,   chemical  transformation,  and
deposition processes of air masses,

     Objective 3;      Establish Deposition Monitoring Data..Bases.    This work will
quantify wet and dry  deposition  of acidic materials  with sufficient  resolution to
establish trends;  provide  inputs to  effects  studies;  and,  provide  information for
source/receptor statistical analyses.

     Objective 4;   Understand and Quantify Aquatic Effects.   This work will  enable
us to  quantifythe  impacts of  acidificationonrepresentative  aquatic  systems
through the development of  dose/response  relationships and to apply  these  data to
the development of appropriate mitigative measures.

     Objective 5;   Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects,       This research
establishes aciddepositiondose-responserelationshipsfar  various  wild  and
cultivated plant species  and estimates more accurately material  transport through
soils to aquatic systems.

     Objective 6:	Understand and Quantify the Effects  on Materials and Cultural
Resources.This researcli  will determine  how materialsare  damaged  from acid depo-
sition .  This  includes determining  those  materials  and  resources  at  risk  and
developing the information required to differentiate the effects of acid deposition
from the effects of other natural and man-made sources.

     Objective 7;   Evaluate Control Technologies.  This, work will focus on develop-
ing "cost of control" tools.   Activities  will  include analysis of both performance
and costs of technologies;  and the appraisal and  development  of selected hardware
approaches.
                                       E-9

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      Objective 8:   Assess  Research  Results  and  Data to Provide Information for
 Policy Analysis.  This  work is  designed  to integrate  the  various aspects  of the
 acid  deposition  research program and to  provide  information  to decision-makers in
 a timely manner.

      Objective 9;    Characterize  and  Evaluate  Synfuel  Discharges  and  Control
 Technology.  This  program provides  engineering support to  EPA regulatory offices*
 regions, and  States in the analysis  of  synthetic fuel -related environmental  risks
 and in the evaluation of  discharges and control technologies.

      Objective 10:   Develop  and  Evaluate LIMB  Control Technology.   This program
 conti nues to  develop  and  evaluate an  effective and  inexpensive emi ssion-control
 technology that  will  simultaneously  remove sulfur oxides (SOX) and nitrogen oxides
 (NOX) from boiler flue  gases of  pulverized coal boilers.

      Objective 11:  Evaluate Impacts  of Energy Development in Cold Climates.   This
 research defines  the  impact  of  coal ,  oil  and  gas  development, and  atmospheri c
 pollution on arctic and sub-arctic ecosystems.


 ACID  RAIN
     The Agency  requests  a total  of $55,133,000  supported  by 60.0 total workyears
 for this program,  of  which $4,000,000  will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and  $51,133,000  will be  for  the Research  and  Development appropriation.
 This represents an increase of $1,026,500 and $5,353,400, respectively,  and no change
 in total  workyears.   The  increase  in  Salaries  and' Expenses  will  be used  for
 monitoring equipment  for  the  dry  deposition  monitoring network.  The  increase in
 Research and  Development  will be used to  support research  in the following areas:
 1) the evaluation of acid  deposition atmospheric models; 2)  the expansion  of research
 on materials  effects;  and  3)  enhanced  research on  aquatic effects.

     Estimate  Emissions   from Man-Made Sources.  This research examines the rela-
 tionships among  man-made  emi ssions to provide a  more accurate  estimate  of major
 pollutants related  to  acid  deposition.   Research  supported  in  1987 includes:
 1) developing  emission inventories; and  2) developing models.   These models will
 be responsive  to  policy  options  and  used to  analyze cost-effective  strategies.
 The work will  result  in a  1985 emission  data base and a final  SOgi  N02,  VOC, and
 alkaline material  emissions  inventory  for  use in  the Eulerian model.

     Understand  Atmospheric   Processes.   The  program  continues  to   broaden our
 understanding  of the  atmospheric transport, physical  and  chemical transformation,
 and deposition  processes  of  pollutants  emitted  into  the  atmosphere.   The program
 continues to  emphasize model  development, the collection of  field data, and model
 evaluation to  better   differentiate   the  contribution  of  local  versus  distant
 sources of  acid  deposition.   This research  will enable policy-makers  to predict
 changes in deposition  levels resulting from reductions in  nearby or distant emis-
 sions.  A major  initiative in 1987 involves  using field  study data to  improve our
 scientific confidence  in  the Regional  Acid Deposition Model  (RADM).   RADM will be
 used in  a number  of  important  areas (e.g., to  calibrate Lagrangian  models, to
 develop control  strategies,  to  perform  source-receptor analysis,  and to  assess
 materials damage).

     Establ ish  Deposition  Monitoring Data Bases. Work in this  area will quantify
 wet and dry  depbsi tibn of  acid  materi a Is • wi th suf f i ci ent  resolution  to establish
 cause and effect  relationships.   The  program continues to  support the  150 station
 National Trends  Network  (NTN) for  wet  deposition  and to  build  a  statistically
 valid baseline  data  set  to  compare  various  levels  of  deposition under  various
 control strategies.   The  initial  30 dry  deposition  monitoring sites will  continue
 to operate and additional  sites  will   be established.  In 1987 additional resources
 will be  used to install  monitoring equipment  associated  with the  dry deposition
 network.
                                        E-10

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                              Aquatic Effects.   Research  here seeks to quantify the
                ^^
 effects of acidification  on  representative  aquatic  systems  through the  develop-
 ment of dose/response relationships.  In  1987  particular program emphasis will  be
 in the following areas: 1)  completing Phase II  of  the NSWS which will sample  200
 to 300 lakes in  sensitive  regions of the U.S. to determine temporal  and  biologic
 variability;  conducting a synoptic survey of  streams in sensitive  regions  of  the
 U.S.; selecting  long-term  monitoring  sites;   2)  formulating  predictive  regional
 aquatic chemistry models  which incorporate  episodic  and  non-episodic events;  3)
 developing biological  response models for fish  populations  and  other  aquatic  biota;
 and 4) continuing  research to  predict  short-,  mid-, and  long-term responses  of
 surface waters  to acidification.

      Understand  and  Quantify  Terrestrial  Effects.  This  research seeks  to  estab-
 lish 1icTd~lIel3osTH^)ir~d^>se^                       for  various  wild  and  cultivated
 plant species and to  define more  accurately  material transport  through   soils  to
 aquatic systems.  In  1987 major  activities include:  1)   watersheds  research  to
 determine chemical   input/output processes;   2)  site  characterization  for  four
 forest types  under  study;   3)  correlational   studies  of  pollutants  and  forest
 conditions; 4)  the initiation  of controlled  pollutant  exposure studies  on  seedlings
 and saplings; and 5)  surveys of the extent and  magnitude  of observed  forest produc-
. tivity declines.

      Understand  and Jjyantify  the  Effects  on  Materials  and Cultural Resources.
 This research wilTTocus on how materials are  damaged from acid  deposition >   Sci-
 entific information  will  be  produced for a variety  of  materials (e«9.»  metallic
 surfaces, marble, and concrete).   In  1987 damage  function  research (i.e.,  defining
 the unit  of  deteriorization  of material  for  a  given level of  exposure) will  be
 increased for painted  wood,  mortar,  concrete,  roofing materials,  and   building
 sealants.

      JEyaluate  Control   Technol ogles .  This  research will develop  "cost of control"
 analysis tools  that  will  become  part of the   overall  acid deposition assessment
 framework.  The  research   will   continue to   focus  primarily  on  assessing   the
 engineering applicability  and   costs of  control  technologies  for   a  number   of
 pollutants.

      Assess Research Results and Data to  Provide Information for  Policy   Analysis.
 This program is  designed  to  integrate the  various  aspects  of the acid deposition
 research activities  and  to provide  information  to  decision-makers  to  formulate
 appropriate decisions   for  dealing with  acid  deposition issues  on  a  timely  and
 cost-effective  basis.   The primary  research  activities will be to  validate assess-
 ment techniques and  data bases  which will be used  in  acid  deposition  assessments.


 1986 Program

      In 1986, the Agency  is allocating  a total  of $48,753,100 supported by  60.0
 total workyears  for this  program, of which $2,973,500  is from  the Salaries  and
 Expenses appropriation   and  $45,779,600   is from  the  Research   and   Development
 appropriation.                                   ;

      The major  differences between the  1986 program  and the   1985 program include
 the following:   accelerating the development of a high resolution emission  inventory
 for 1985;  establishing a forest  exposure  monitoring network;  expanding the  dry
 deposition monitoring  network  to approximately   30 stations; improving the  Regional
 Acid Deposition Model  (RADM)  through the  evaluation  of several  of  its  component
 modules; expanding the  National Surface  Water  Survey  (NSWS)  to include a  full
 stream sampling  study;  accelerating  the  collaborative  research  program  with  the
 U.S. Forest Service  on the effects  of acid  deposition and  other  air pollutants  on
 spruce/fir forests in the  East, and   Southern  commercial forests;   initiating  re-
 search on. Eastern mixed hardwoods  and Western conifers.
                                        E-ll

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1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $37,959,400  supported  by  58.9 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,508,900 was  from the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $34,450,500 was from the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.

     During 1985 the  acid deposition  research program  developed  a  comprehensive
1980 emissions inventory  as  well  as a  report  on  historical emissions trends  from
1900 to 1980.  The Eastern mountain-top  monitoring stations were placed in operation
and the program developed  a siting plan  for the dry  deposition  monitoring network.
A series of  reports  were  completed  on data from the  Eastern lake  component  of the
NSWS.  Additionally, a multi-regional survey of watershed sensitiviy  was  conducted.
A joint research project  with the U.S.  Forest  Service was initiated  to examine the
forest decline syndrome in Northeastern  and Southeastern forests.  In  the  assessment
area, a Critical  Assessment Document on the acid deposition phenomenon was  completed.


HEALTH EFFECTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests no resources for this program in 1987.


1986 Program

     This program was  completed  in  1985 and  has no resources associated with it
in 1986,


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a  total of $1,164,800  supported  by  4.8 total
workyears for this  program,  of  which $378,400  was  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation and $786,400 was  from the Research  and  Development  appropriation.

     During 1985, the energy health effects  program was completed with the develop-
ment of several  reports  summarizing  the results of  EPA  research  conducted  through
1984 on health risks associated with synthetic fuels production.


ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $4,456,400 supported by 25.8 total  workyears
for this program, of which $1,486,400 will  be for  the Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation and  $2,970,000  will  be  for the Research  and  Development  appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $449,400 and $5,203,100, respectively,  and  a decrease
of 11.2 total  workyears.  The  decrease in total  workyears and  the  Salaries and
Expenses appropriation reflects the  completion  of the Synfuels  engineering  support
program.  The decrease  in the  Research  and Development  appropriation  involves two
program areas.  First,  in 1987,  EPA will eliminate the  synfuels  research program.
This program  currently focuses  on  providing   special  studies  on  synfuel  specific
processes sponsored  by the U.S.  Synthetic Fuels Corporation (SFC).   Since the SFC
will be eliminated  in 1986, EPA's  research role in  this area will   be  completed.
Second, the  decrease  in  the  Research and  Development appropriation  reflects the
continued phase down  of the LIMB program associated with  EPA's  implementation of
a full-scale commercial demonstration of this  technology.
                                      E-12

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     Develop and Evaluate LIMB^ Contraj Techno!pay.  Research will  continue in three
major engineering areas:Tj""laboratory and  pilot scale development;  2)  prototype
testing; and 3) commercialization.   The pilot scale development effort will continue
to emphasize  evaluation  of  LIMB  participate  recycle  and/or utilization  systems.
The prototype  testing  portion will  evaluate high activity  sorbent  injection  and
economic analyses of the LIMB process.  In the  commercialization  phase, engineering
and economic analyses  will  be performed to determine the  applicability of the LIMB
process design as a function of boiler design,  coal  sulfur, and sorbents.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating $10,108,900 supported  by 37.0  total  work-
years for  this program,  of which  $1,935,800  is  from the  Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation and $8,173,100 is  from  the Research and Development  appropriation.

     During 1986, the environmental  engineering and technology program is completing
its consulting  responsibilities  as  specified  under  the  Energy  Security  Act,
to assist the  U.S.  Synthetic Fuels  Corporation  and  its project  sponsors in evalua-
tion of monitoring  data.  With the  policy decision to  abolish the  Corporation,  |PA
anticipates no  further requests  for  assistance  under its  Synfuels  engineering
support program.

     In 1986, the LIMB program is  continuing laboratory and  pilot-scale  research,
prototype testing,  and commercial-scale development.   To  promote  commercialization
of the LIMB technology, EPA is co-funding  with  industry a  demonstration of the LIMB
technology on a 105 Megawatt pulverized coal-fired boiler  using wall-fired burners.
The Agency  expects  to  initiate  negotiations  in 1986  with interested parties  to
demonstrate the LIMB  technology  on  a  commercial-scale boiler using tangentially-
fired burners.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of $17,288,300  supported by 42.0 total
workyears for this  program,  of which $2,582,900  was  from  the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $14,705,400 was from  the Research  and Development  appropriation.

     During 1985, the  Synfuels engineering  program  provided technical support  to
EPA regional offices, State  and local permitting authorities, in analyzing synthetic
fuel-related environmental risks and evaluating discharges and control technologies.

     In 1985 EPA awarded a contract to Babcock  &  Wilcox Co. to develop and conduct a
commercial-scale demonstration of the LIMB technology on a  wall-fired boiler.  The
site selected was at the Edgewater  Station of  the Ohio Edison Company near Lorain,
Ohio.


ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS

1987 P rogram Jteguest

     The Agency  requests  no  resources  for this program in  1987.  This represents
a decrease  of  $191,400  for the  Research  and  Development  appropriation.   This
program will be completed in 1986.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating a  total  of  $191,400, all  of which  is from
the Research and Development appropriation.
                                        E-13

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     In 1986, research is  being  concluded  on assessing the impacts of oil and  gas
development on coastal tundra wetlands.  Projects underway include:   1) the health
effects of urban air  particulates (wood smoke),  (2) air  dispersion modeling in  the
arctic, and (3)  the ecological  impacts of  placer mining.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a  total  of $400,000,  all  of which was  from  the
Research and  Development  appropriation.   During 1985,  the  cold  climate program
conducted research  on the  impacts of  resource development on ecosystems  in arctic
and sub-arctic regions.
                                        E-14

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Management and
    Support
      SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT                                                        MS-1

    PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
       Program Management.	 MS-7
          Program Management - Air & Radiation	 MS-12
          Program Management «• Water	 MS-13
          Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring.	MS-13
          Program Management - External Affairs............................ MS-14
          Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances........	 MS-15
          Program Management - General Counsel.	 MS-15
          Program Management - Research & Development...............	 MS-16
          Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response...	 MS-16
    AGENCY MANAGEMENT
       Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices	 MS-19
          Immediate Office of the Administrator..	 MS-24
          Office of Regional Operations	 MS-24
          Office of Executive Support...	 MS-25
          Regulatory Information Service Center.	 MS-26
          Administrator's Representation Fund	.•	 MS-26
          Office of International Activities	 MS-27
          Office of Civil Rights	 MS-27
          Science Advisory Board	 MS-28
          Office of Administrative Law Judges	 MS-29
          Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization	MS-29
       Office of Inspector General.	,	 MS-31
          Office of Inspector General	MS-32
       Office of General Counsel..	 MS-34
          General Counsel	 MS-35
       Office of External Affairs........	,	 MS-37
          Office of Legislative Analysis...,	MS-41
          Office of Congressional Liaison	.. MS-42
          Office of Public Affairs	MS-42
          Office of Private and Public Sector Liaison	"...	 MS-43
          Office of Federal  Activities	,	MS-44
       Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation...........	.	MS-45
          Program Management - Policy, Planning & Evaluation..	 MS-49
          Integrated Environmental Management Program	 MS-49
          Office of Policy Analysis	MS-50
          Office of Standards & Regulations	,	 MS-51
          Office of Management Systems & Evaluation	 MS-52
       Office of Administration & Resources Management	 MS-54
          Program Management - Administration...	 MS-59
          Financial Management - Headquarters...	 MS-60
          Office of the Comptroller	 MS-60
          Contracts & Grants Management.........	 MS-61
          Personnel & Organization Services	v	 MS-62
          Facilities & Management Services.	 MS-63
          Information Systems & Services.,	 MS-64
          Human Resources Management	 MS-65
   REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
       Regional Management	MS-66
          Resource Management - Regions	*	 MS-70
          Financial Management - Regions.	MS-71
          Personnel Management - Regions......	•«	 MS-71
          Administrative Management -  Regions	 MS-72
          Regi onal Management	 MS-73
          Regional Counsel	MS-73
          Planning, Evaluation & Analysis - Regions	,	 MS-74


                                     MS-1

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MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT (Continued)                                            Page

   SUPPORT COSTS
       Support Costs	MS-77
          Professional  Tralning	.	,	 MS-79
          Nationwide Support Services	MS-80
          Headquarters  Support Services.............	 MS-80
          Regional Support Services	,	 MS-81
          Automated Data Processing and Telecommunications Support Costs... MS-82
          Lab Support - Research & Development	MS-82
          Lab Support - Air & Radiation.	 MS-83
          Lab Support - Pesticides & Toxic Substances	 MS-83
                                      MS-2

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                                ACTUAL      BUDGET
                                 1985      ESTIMATE
                                             1986
                                                       MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
                            ENACTED     BALANCED    CURRENT      ESTIMATE    INCREASE  +
                             19R6        BUDGET     ESTIMATE       1987     DECREASE  -
                                        REDUCTION     1986                 1987  VS 1986
                                                   (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

APPROPRIATION

 Salaries & Expenses      '   $287,611.7   $282,913.3   $287,922.0  -$12,381.7  $275,540.3   $295,836.8   $20,296.5
 Operations, Research            $151.4
 and Facilities

TOTAL, Management « Support  $287,763.1   $282.913.3   $287,922.0  -$12,381.7  $275,540.3   $295,836.8   $20,296.5
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVEL
   2,548.4      2,564.8      2,617.0                 2,617.0      2,581.8       -35.2
   2,869.6      2,860.4      2,889.0                 2,889.0      2,832.9       -56.1
$264,338.7   $282,254.3   $298,981.1  -$10,578.7  $288,402.4   $294,056.0    $5,622.2
 Authorization is by virtue of the Appropriation Act.

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY


     Management and  Support  provides  executive  direction  and  policy,  oversight
for all Agency programs, as  well as those  administrative and  support  services that
are not assigned to  a  specific program.   Me  will  continue our  efforts to  provide
quality legal services, promote technically and  economically  defensible  regulatory
and policy alternatives, enhance the public's perception of the  Agency, manage for
environmental results,  and  pursue  a focused  human  resources  management  effort  to
build a skilled career environmental workforce.

     The major components  of this medium are Program Management,  Agency Management,
Regional Management, and Support Costs.

     ProgramManagement Includes policy development,  program  development  and  over-
si ghtT^ndnEHeTssocTaTed  management activities  for the Agency's  environmental pro-
gram offices.  These Include  the  Offices  of Air and  Radiation,  Water,  Enforcement
and Compliance  Monitoring,  External   Affairs,  Pesticides  and  Toxic  Substances,
General Counsel, Research   and  Development, and Solid  Waste and Emergency  Response.

     AgencyManagement  1ncludes Agencywide management  functions  and  policy  activi-
ties.

     Policy Direction,  through the  Executive  Offices at Headquarters,  consists  of
the Administrator  and  Deputy  Administrator  and  their  Immediate staffs,  Regional
Operations, Executive  Support,  Administrator's  Representation Fund,  International
Activities, Civil  Rights,  Science Advisory Board,  Administrative Law  Judges, the
Regulatory Information Service Center and Small  and Disadvantaged Business Utiliza-
tion.

     Policy, Planning  and  Evaluation  is  organized  into the  following  components:
the Integrated Environmental Management Program and the Offices  of Policy  Analysis,
Standards and Regulations,  and Management Systems and Evaluation.

     Legal Services for litigation  in  which the  Agency 1s  a defendant are provided
to Agency programs by the  General  Counsel  in Headquarters and  by  a Regional  Counsel
in each Regional office.   The Office  of General  Counsel (OGC)  provides legal ser-
vices and advice to the Administrator and  Agency managers.  OGC,  in cooperation with
the Department of  Justice,  represents  the Agency in all  legal matters in  which the
Agency is a  defendant.   Additionally,  OGC  reviews  proposed actions,  decisions, and
regulations to assure that  they are legally defensible.

     External Affairs  activities are performed by  five component  offices:   Legis-
lative Analysis, Congressional  Liaison,  Public  Affairs, Private and  Public  Sector
Liaison, and Federal Activities.

     Inspector General  activities include investigation and audit of  Agency  activi-
ties to  promote  efficiency  and  effectiveness,  and to  prevent  and   detect  fraud,
waste, and abuse.

     Administration and  Resources  Management provides  management  activities  in
Headquarters, as well  as administrative  services to all  program  operations  located
in Cincinnati, Ohio  and  Research  Triangle Park, North  Carolina.   The office has
several components:  Program Management,  Financial  Management,  Comptroller, Per-
sonnel and Organization, Contracts  and  Grants,  Facilities  and Management  Services,
Information Systems and Services, and Human Resources Management.
                                        MS--4

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     Regional Manageiiient includes  the  centralized  management  and  administrative
functions performed  !n™each  Regional  office.   The  Regional   elements  cover  the
Regional and Deputy  Regional  Administrators,  their immediate  staffs,  and  Regional
staff for public affairs, congressional  and intergovernmental  relations, and  civil
rights.  Other  activities  include  budget development  and  execution,  preparation
of Regional  operating  plans, legal  services,  progriam planning,  regulatory  and
policy analysis,  economic  analysis,  program  evaluation,  financial  and  personnel
management, information management, and administrative services.

     SupportCosts include the  costs  of general support  services  for all  Agency
programs.  In this diverse category are:

     0  Office and building services,  such as library services, commercial  telephone
        use, printing and copying, utilities,  security,   ADP technical  support, and
        custodial and maintenance services for  programs located at  Headquarters,
        Research Triangle Park, and Cincinnati;

     0  Nationwide costs, such as facility  rental  costs, centralized data  process-
        ing, professional training, U.S.  Postal  Service charges, Federal  Telecom-
        munications System (FTS)   charges, unemployment  and  workmen's compensation,
        and health and  safety costs   for  all  Agency  programs  in  all  locations;

     0  Office and building  services  for laboratories  and  field  stations  operated
        by the Offices  of Air and Radiation,  Research  and  Development, and  Pesti-
        cides and Toxic Substances; and

     0  Common  services in   Regional  offices,  such as supplies  and  equipment,
        commercial telephones,  printing,  facilities  operations  and  maintenance,
        library services, and mini-computer operations,

Program Pri ori ti es

     Priorities for the Executive Offices 1n 1987 will  include:  continued  emphasis
on enforcement and compliance efforts for both environmental and civil  rights  regu-
lations; stronger  support  from  Headquarters  and Regions to small, minority,  and
women's environmental businesses; bringing greater scientific credibility to regula-
tory decision-making through an emphasis on reviews  by  the  Science  Advisory  Board;
and more effective communication  between Headquarters and the Regions.

     The Office of Policy,  Planning and Evaluation will  continue to  focus  resources
on managing for environmental  results;  developing and demonstrating Integrated  envi-
ronmental management strategies;   and developing improved methods to  ascertain  bene-
fits of EPA's regulations.  It will also support the Agency's Air Toxics initiatives.
The common  purpose  of  these  efforts  is the  development of  regulatory  approaches
that achieve environmental  and health benefits  in an efficient  and  cost-effective
manner.

     The Office of General Counsel  will continue to provide legal advice and  coun-
sel to  the Agency's  top management  and  media  program  offices concerning  legal
interpretation of EPA  administered . statutes,  other applicable  laws,  and on  such
matters as personnel,  grants, and contracts.   Additionally, the  Office  of General
Counsel will continue to represent  the  Agency  in all  major regulatory actions, and
ensure that legal errors are  avoided  and legal  positions are presented in  the most
persuasive manner.

     The Office of External  Affairs will continue to provide a clear interpretation
of EPA's programs and  priorities; increase Agency effectiveness  by  improving  Con-
gressional  liaison;  continue  effective  liaison  with  State  and  local  governments;
establish outreach programs with  the  private and public  sector and  involve citizen
participation; reaffirm and strengthen Federal Agency contacts; and provide a cross-
media perspective in review of environmental problems.
                                        M5-5

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     The Office of Inspector General will continue to emphasize Internal and manage-
ment audits to  improve  the  economy, effectiveness, and efficiency  of EPA programs
and provide audit coverage to EPA programs  and operations which have received little
or no audit coverage  in the past.  It will provide limited  audit  coverage for the
wastewater treatment  construction  grant  program and EPA contracts  and other grant
programs.  The  office will  continue its Investigation of antitrust  activities and
other construction-related  fraud and  will aggressively  pursue  new  inltiatves  to
ferret out fraud  in the minority business  enterprise  program and the  submission  of
documentation involving   foreign  vehicles.   It. will further its  efforts  in  fraud
prevention by  publicizing  its  activities to   EPA employees,  Identifying  areas
sensitive to fraud, and  developing new fraud detection methods.

     The Office  of  Administration  and Resources Management  will build on progress
already achieved  in assuring  a strong system  of financial  internal  controls, in-
cluding work toward integration  and  improvement  of all Agency financial management
and accounting systems;  continue  developing a program for better Information manage-
ment planning; pursue a  focused human  resources management effort to build a skilled
career environmental  workforce;  move  to  the  forefront  in  achieving significant
productivity improvements;  and  continue to  provide  essential administrative and
support services  to enhance  the  Agency's ability to fulfill  its various mandates.

     In the Regional  management  areas, the Agency will continue Its  commitment  to
strengthen Regional  environmental  programs and  maintain  strong Regional  planning
and management efforts.

     In Support,  the  program  will  continue to provide general support services  to
Agency programs.  This  request will  also enable the Agency  to continue its effort
to replace obsolete  computers in the  Regional  offices,  as well as cover cost es-
calations such as rent,  telephone, and utility rate increases.
                                        MS-6

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  Program
Management
    SECTION TAB

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT

    PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
       Program Management.	..	 MS-7
          Program Management - Air & Radiation.......	...I	 MS-12
          Program Management - Water......	 MS-13
          Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring......... MS-13
          Program Management •> External Affairs	 MS-14
          Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances	 MS-15
          Program Management - General  Counsel	MS-15
          Program Management - Research & Development........	 MS-16
          Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response....,	 MS-16
                                     MS-7

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                                                PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

                                                Program Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987. DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
                                               (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Air And Radiation
  Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
Water
  Salaries 8 Expenses
Program Management -
Enforcement And
Compliance Monitoring
  Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
External Affairs
  Salaries S Expenses
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
  Salaries & Expenses
Program Management -
General Counsel
  Salaries 8 Expenses
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
$2,412,0
$2,412.0
$2,773.1
$2,773.1
$2,904.0
$2,904.0
$2,743.7
$2,743.7
$2,904.2
$2 s 904. 2
$2 , 6 71. 7
$2,671.7
-$124.9
-$124.9
-$114.8
-$114.8
$2,779.3
$2,779.3
$2,556,9
$2,556.9
$2,904.2
$2,904.2
$2,740.6
$2,740.6
$124.9
$124.9
$183,7
$183.7
$428.5
$428.5
$803.6
$803.6
$517.6
$517.6
$656.0
$656.0
$416.0
$416.0
$711.8
$711.8
-$17.8
-$17.8
-$30.6
-$30.6
$398.2
$398.2
$681.2
$681.2
$416.7
$416.7
$676.2
$676.2
$18.5
$18.5
-$5.0
-$5.0
$1,998.9
$1,998.9
$368.4
$368.4
$2,573.4
$2,573.4
$458.1
$458. 1
$2,311.1
$2,311.1
$458.1
$458. 1
-$99.3
-$99.3
-$19.6
-$19.6
$2,211.8
$2,211,8
$438.5
$438.5
$2,216.5
$2,216.5
$460.7
$460. 7
$4,7
$4.7
$22.2
$22.2

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PROGRAM
                                                PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

                                                Program Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Research & Development
  Salaries & Expenses
                       TOTAL
Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
  Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL:
  Salaries R Expenses

Program Management
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                       TOTAL
         $3,919.5    $3,879.4   $3,846.5
         $3,919.5    $3,879.4   $3,846.5
         $4,199.1    $1,653.7   $1,653.7
         $4,199.1    $1,653.7   $1,653.7
        $16,903.1   $15,385.9  $14,973.1

TOTAL   $16,903.1   $15,385.9  $14,973.1
                    -$165.3    $3,681.2   $3,773.7       $92.5
                    -$165.3    $3,681.2   $3,773.7       $92.5
                     -$71.1    $1,582.6   $1,670.2       $87.6
                     -$71.1    $1,582.6   $1,670.2       $87.6
                    -$643.4   $14,329.7  $14,858.8      $529.1

                    -$643.4   $14,329.7  $14,858.8      $529.1
Program Management -
Air And Radiation
Program Management -
Water
Program Management -
42.6
41.5
9.3
44.3
43.3
9.0
44.3
41.9
9.0
44.3
41.9
9.0
44.3
41.9
9.0
Compli ancc Moni tori ng

Program Management -
External Affairs
             12.0
10.5
11.5
11.5
                                                                       12.7
                                                           1.2

-------
Enforcement And
Compliance Monitoring

Program Management -
External Affai rs
                                                           PROGRAM MANAGEMENT '

                                                           Program Management
I

PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances
Program Management -
General Counsel
Program Management -
Research ? Development
Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Air And Radiation
Program Management -
Water
Program Management -
ACTUAL BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
33.8 48.5 41.5
8.0 8.2 8.2
49.8 41.2 40.7
22.2 28.8 28.8
219.2 233.8 225.9
46.0 46.8 46.8
45.0 46.3 44.9
9.3 9.0 9.0

41.5 43.5 2.0
8.2 8.2
40.7 41.2 .5
28.8 30.0 1.2
225.9 230.8 4.9
46.8 46.8
44.9 44.9
9.0 9.0
15.2
12.7
13.7
13.7
12.7
                                                                       -1.0

-------
                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
             PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

             Program Management

          BUDGET     ENACTED
         ESTIMATE      1986
           1986
                    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
                     BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
                    REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
TOTAL UORKYEARS
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Pesticides and Toxic
Substances

Program Management -
General Counsel

Program Management -
Research & Development

Program Management -
Solid Waste and
Emergency Response
 41,2
  9.9
 55.3
 27.7
 54.3
 10.5
 57.7
 32.0
47.3
10.5
57.2
32.0
47.3



10.5'


57.2


32.0
44.3



10.5


57.2


32.0
-3.0
TOTAL WOPKYEARS
249.6
269.3      261.4
                       261.4
                                                                                              257.4
                       -4.0

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


                                 Program Management
Budget Request
     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $14,858,800 supported by 257.4 total workyears
 for  1987,  an  increase of $529,100  and  a decrease of  4.0  total  work years.   All of
 the  request is for the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.

 Program Description

     The Program  Management component  provides resources  generally  for Assistant
 Administrators, Office  Directors  and  their immediate  staffs for  eight of EPA's
 major offices:   Air and  Radiation;  Mater; Enforcement  and Compliance Monitoring;
 External Affairs;  Pesticides and Toxic  Substances;  General  Counsel;  Research and
 Development;  and Solid Waste and Emergency Response.   Resources provide for formula-
 tion of  overall  management  and  programmatic  policy, and  centralized  planning and
 budgeting  activities  also  include  the  coordination  and  integration of programs
-throughout the Agency as  well  as performng liaison  activities  with Congress, the
 Office of  Management  and  Budget and  other  Federal Agencies  and States.


 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - AIR  AND RADIATION

 1987Program  Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $2,904,200 supported  by 46.8 total  workyears,
 all  of which  will be  for  the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.  The 1987  request
 represents an increase  of $124,900 total  dollars  and no change  in total workyears
 from 1986.  The  Increase  reflects adjustments  to the  1986  base  as  part  of  govern-
 ment-wide  deficit reductions.    Major   program emphases will continue to be imple-
 mentation  of  the Clean  Air Act  Amendments of 1977,  the Atomic Energy  Act, the
 Uranium Mill  Tailings Radiation  Control Act,   and  development  of  major decisions
 related to these acts.

 1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total  of  $2,779,300  supported  by  46.8
 total workyears,  all   of  which is  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.
 This program  is  providing  management  support  for the  Clean Air Act,  the Atomic
 Energy Act,  and  the  Uranium Mill  Tailings Radiation  Control  Act.   Key activities
 Include: executive  management  direction,  program  planning  and  analysis,  resource
 management, and  budget development.  Administrative  support to  Office  of  A1r and
 Radiation  (OAR) programs  is  also  being provided.


 1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a  total  of $2,412,000  supported  by  46.0 total
 workyears, all  of .which  was  from the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.   The
 program provided  executive  management,  strategic planning and analysis,  and budget
 and  administrative support to OAR programs.
                                        MS-12

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PROGRAM MANASEMENT - WATER

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $2,74tt,6QO supported by  44.9  total  workyears,
all of  which  will  be  for  the  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.   This  re-
quest represents  an  increase of  $183,700  and  no  change in  total workyears  from
1986.  The increase provides for additional  support costs as well  as program analy-
sis and evaluation  studies  to  improve overall management of  the water  quality and
drinking water programs.

     The 1987 request supports the development of national policy and implementation
of the national regulatory programs for the Water Quality and Drinking Water media.
Specific activities Include:  management of the Office  of Water operating guidance
and accountability  system;  development  of program  plans  and  budget  for  implemen-
tation of Agency  policies;  development  of  legislative  initiatives  and directions
and review of  regulations and program policies;  support to  Agency geographic init-
iatives for  crossmedia  regulatory  control  and  environmental  results  management;
tracking of budget execution; and administrative management.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the Agency is  allocating  a total  of  $2,556,900 supported  by  44.*9
total workyears,  all  of  which  1s  from the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.
The program  continues to focus  in  1986  on  the reauthorization of  the  Clean Water
Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act and the accompanying  process  of strategy develop-
ment to Implement amendments.   Activities  such  as long-range  planning  and policy
analysis, budget  development and  execution   and   administrative  management  will
remain ongoing activities.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of $2,773,100  supported  by 45.0 total
workyears, all  of which was  from the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.  These
resources provided  for  executive  management,  policy and long  range planning and
analysis, and budget  and  administrative  support for  programs within  the  Office of
Water.  Work  continued  on  the  reauthorization  of the  Clean  Water  Act  and  Safe
Drinking Water  Act  and  Implementation  of  applicable  portions  of the  Resources
Conservation and  Recovery  Act.   In  addition, the program  accomplished the  re-
authorization of  the Marine Protection  Research  and  Sanctuaries Act  in  1985.


PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING

1987 Program RecLuest

     The Agency requests  a total  of  $416,700 supported by 9.0 workyears,  all  of
which will  be  for  the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation.  This  represents  an
increase of  $18,500  and no  change in total  workyears  from  1986.  The dollar in-
crease reflects adjustments  to  the base as part of government-wide deficit reduc-
tions.

     This request  will  be  used  to provide   basic  administrative, financial,  and
management services to  the  Office  of Enforcement  and Compliance  Monitoring.  This
includes program  planning,  personnel  management, budgeting,  financial  management,
management analysis  and  administrative  services.   These   resources  will  also  be
used to continue  to provide support and oversight  of the management  operations of
the Denver National Enforcement Investigations  Center.   This  level  of funding will
also provide budget formulation  and workload analysis  support  for the legal enforce-
ment functions of the ten Regional  Counsels.
                                       MS-13

-------
1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating  a total of $398,200  supported  by  9.0 total
workyears, all  of which Is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriations.

     This program provides program direction and management  support  for the Office
of Enforcement and  Compliance Monitoring  (OECM).   In  addition  to  supporting  the
Assistant Administrator,  it  Includes  the  OECM Management  Operations  functions.
The Management Operations  staff  is responsible for the  Internal  program  planning,
budget formulation,  financial  management,  and administrative  operations  for  the
entire Office of Enforcement  and  Compliance  Monitoring as well as budget formulation
support for  the  enforcement  functions  of  the ten  Regional  Counsels.  The budget
formulation activities include leadership in coordination of projections for admin-
istrative and judicial  enforcement  activities  in all  statutory  areas and  media  for
which the Agency 1s responsible.


1985
     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a  total  of  $428,500 supported  by  9.3  total
workyears, all  of which was from the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.

     In 1985, this program  provided basic program planning,  management, personnel,
financial, and administrative support services  to the  Assistant Administrator.  In
addition, this level  provided resources  to coordinate  formulation of  consistent
budget requests  for  enforcement  and compliance  monitoring  activities across  all
media.


PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - EXTERNAL AFFAIRS

1987 Prog ram Re quest

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $676,200  supported  by  12.7  total  workyears,
all of which will  be  for  the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
a decrease of $5,000  and  1.0 total  workyear from 1986.   The workyear  and dollar
decreases reflect a reduction in  resources devoted to special  projects.   In  19B7,
this office will require  these  resources  to continue  the  full  coordination of the
staff offices in External  Affairs;  to provide the necessary  oversight, management,
strategies, planning,  and  support  services to  these staff offices; and  to support
the Administrator and  Assistant  Administrators  in coordinating,  representing  and
communicating the  Agency's programs and  policies to the  Congress,  the  public,
other government  entities, and  the media, as  well  as  involving the  Congress,
public, government entities  and  the media for  input  into the Agency's  policies.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating  a  total  of $681,200 supported  by 13.7 total
workyears, all  of  which Is  from  the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.   Major
emphasis will be placed on strengthening our strategies and procedures for communi-
cating better with outside  groups  by Informing affected parties in a  timely manner
about EPA actions and the decisions  and  risks the Agency must face.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency   obligated a total of  $803,600  supported by  15.2  total
workyears, all  of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  In  1985,
the office  initiated  procedures  and strategies  to  communicate  more  effectively
with the public  and outside groups.  This  program element provided the management
resources, and administrative support  necessary to support the  Office of External
Affairs and staff offices.
                                       MS-14

-------
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $2,216,500 supported by  44.3  total  workyears,
all of which will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.   This represents
an increase of  $4,700 and a decrease of 3.0 total workyears from 1986.  The decrease
in total workyears  will  be  possible  because of  more  effective use  of  resources.
The dollar increase  reflects adjustments to the  1986  base  as part  of  government-
wide deficit reductions.

     These resources  will  support  senior level  management  of the  Pesticides  and
Toxic Substances  programs   as  well  as   the Immediate  Office  of  the  Assistant
Administrator for  Pesticides  and Toxic  Substances.   Key activities  Include:   ef-
fective and efficient  general  management,  strategic planning,  and  administrative
and budget support.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total  of $2,211,800  supported  by  47.3
total workyears,  all  of  which is  from  the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation.
These resources  provide  senior  level   management  of   the   Pesticides  and  Toxic
Substances programs  as  well  as  the  Immediate  Office  of  the  Administrator  for
Pesticides and Toxic Substances.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of  $1,998,900 supported  by 41.2 total
workyears, all  of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.


PROGRAM MANAGEMENT  - GENERAL COUNSEL

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $460,700  supported by   10.5  total  workyears,
all of which will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
an increase of  $22,200 and no  change  in total  workyears from 1986.  The increase
reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as  part of government-wide deficit reductions.

     The request  will  provide  for  executive management and  planning,  budgeting,
financial management,  management  analysis,  and  administrative support  services to
the Office of General Counsel.


1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is  allocating a total  of $438,500  supported by 10.5 total
workyears, all  of which 1s from the Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.

     The program  provides  for  executive management,  planning, budgeting,  finan-
cial management, management  analysis,  and administrative support  to the Office of
General Counsel.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated  a  total of  $368,400 supported by  9.9 total
workyears, all  of which was  from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
                                        MS-15

-------
     Activities focused  on providing  executive  management,  planning,  analytical
support, budgeting,  financial   management,  and  administrative  services  to  the
Office of General  Counsel.


PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $3,773,700 supported by  57.2  total  workyears,
all of which will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.   This represents
an increase  of $92,500  and  no change  in  total workyears  from 1986.   The dollar
increase reflects adjustments  to  the  1986  base as part  of  government-wide deficit
reductions.

     In 1987,  the  Office  of  Research  and  Development's (ORD)  program  management
activities will provide  overall  direction,  scientific  policy guidance  and admin-
istrative support  to  a diversified  research  program which  is conducted  in  Head-
quarters, 1n  14  major laboratories  and various  field  sites across the  country.
These activities will  ensure  the  coordination of  research efforts  and efficient
utilizaton of  resources   to  meet  the  Agency's research  requirements.   Specific
activities include: the formulation and dissemination of scientific and managerial
policy for ORD;  the coordination  of  the research  program  planning  and budgeting
cycle, including the  development of  research  strategies and  program plans  for  a
balanced and  integrated   program;  the  monitoring  and   analysis  of  current  year
resources, research operations and  research  products;   a liaison   function,  which
enables ORD to ascertain  regional  needs,  incorporate these  needs into its planning
and support  regional  offices throughout the year as well  as work  with Congress,
OMB and other Federal  agencies; and the operation and maintenance of ORD's Informa-
tion Systems which  support research program planning and accountability to senior
management.  This program supports the smooth operation of ORD.


1986^Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is allocating a  total  of  $3,681,200  supported  by 57.2
total workyears,  all  of  which is  from the  Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.
Program management'will  continue to  coordinate and Integrate the entire research
and development effort  of the Agency, ensuring that  needs  Identified  by program
and Regional Offices are met.


1985 Accompl ishments

     The Agency obligated  a  total  of $3,919,500 supported  by 55.3 total workyears
in 1985,  all  of  which  was  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation.  These
resources provided for the overall direction, policy guidance, management analyses,
liaison activities,  program planning  and  budgeting,  ORD's  information  systems,
and general administrative support.


PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $1,670,200 supported by  32.0  total  workyears,
all of which will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
an increase  of $87,600  and  no change  in  total workyears  from 1986.   The dollar
increase reflects  adjustments  to  the  1986 base as  part  of  government-wide deficit
reductions.  These resources will allow the Agency to continue to  staff and operate
a complete management team within the  Office  of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
(OSWER).  They will  provide for  a wide array  of policy development .and analysis
activities, institutional  and  public liaison functions,  financial management, and
other program  support activities  necessary to ensure the effective operation of a
national program.
                                       MS-16

-------
1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency 1s  allocating  a total  of $1,582,600  supported by  32.0
total workyears,  all  of  which 1s  from  the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation.
This level of  resources provides for  a  wide range  of  support to the  Regions  and
to the Agency as  a whole.  Expected accomplishments include  the review  of  policy
recommendations  and proposed  regulations; integration of  both program  and enforce-
ment hazardous waste and Superfund activities; and budget preparation and justifica-
tion as well  as  financial management.


1985 Accompl j shments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  a total  of  $4,199,100 supported by 27.7 total
workyears, all which  was from the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.   An overall
OSWER management  plan was  implemented,  identifying specific  measures  of  success
milestones, and  performance reviews.   OSWER continued  integrating hazardous  waste
and Superfund activities, managing the  review of policy recommendations  and proposed
regulations, including  proposed  Superfund legislation,  and   maintaining  effective
financial management controls.

     As the Superfund program was nearing the end of Its first five year authoriza-
tion, the Agency  developed and  implemented  a contingency plan  to  conserve funds
until the Superfund taxing  authority 1s  reauthorized.   This  action has enabled the
Agency to continue the program in 1986.
                                        MS-17

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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 Office of the
Administrator
     SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT

    AGENCY MANAGEMENT
       Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices	MS-19
          Immediate Office of the Administrator.......	 MS-24
          Office of Regional Operations...	 MS-24
          Office of Executive Support	 MS-25
          Regulatory Information Service Center.,,...,.,......,........,... MS-26
          Administrator's Representation Fund	 MS-26
          Office of International Activities.,..,....	MS-27
          Office of Civil Rights	MS-27
          Science Advisory Board	 MS-28
          Office of Administrative Law Judges..........	 MS-29
          Office of Small & Disadvantaged  Business Utilization	 MS-29
       Office of Inspector General...	 MS-31
          Office of Inspector General	MS-32
       Office of General Counsel	,....-.	 MS-34
          General Counsel	 MS-35
       Office of External Affairs	,	 MS-37
          Office of Legislative Analysis....,	,	,	 MS-41
          Office of Congressional Liaison	 MS-42
          Office of-Public Affairs	 MS-42
          Office of Private and Public Sector Liaison,....	 MS-43
          Office of Federal Activities.	MS-44
       Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation	,	 MS-45
          Program Management - Policy, Planning & Evaluation	 MS-49
          Integrated Environmental Management Program	 MS-49
          Office of Policy Analysis....	 MS-50
          Office of Standards & Regulations.,	 MS-51
          Office of Management Systems & Evaluation	 MS-52
       Office of Administration & Resources Management....,..,....,	 MS-54
          Program Management - Administration	 MS-59
          Financial Management - Headquarters.......	 MS-60
          Office of the Comptroller.....	,	 MS-60
          Contracts & Grants Management	 MS-61
          Personnel & Organization Services	 MS-62
          Facilities & Management Services	;.. MS-63
          Information Systems & Services	MS-64
          Human Resources Management	 MS-65
                                      MS-18

-------
                                                            AGENCY MANAGEMENT


                                               Office of the Administrator/Executive  Offices
t_i
10

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Immediate Office of the
Administrator
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Regional
Operations
Salaries S Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Executive
Support
Salaries 8 Expenses
TOTAL
Regulatory Info. Svc.
Center
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Administrator's
Representation Fund
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of International
Activities
Salaries 8 Expenses
TOTAL
$1,952.3
$1,952.3
$247.8
$247.8
$800.6
$800.6
$530.7
$530.7
$2.2
$2.2
$1,134.7
$1,134.7
$1,824.6
$1,824.6
$274.5
$274.5
$829.8
$829.8
$526.3
$526.3
$3.0
$3.0
$1,156.8
$1,156.8
$2,285.1
$2,285.1
$328.4
$328.4
$796.2
$796.2
$517.0
$517.0
$3.0
$3;0
$1,062.2
$1,062.2.
-$98.4
-$98.4
-$14.1
-$14.1
-$34.3
-$34.3
-$22.2
-$22.2
-$.1
-$.1
-$45.6
-$45.6
$2,186.7
$2,186.7
$314.3
$314.3
$761.9
$761.9
$494.8
$494.8
$2.9
$2.9
$1,016.6
$1,016.6
$2,269.4
$2,269.4
$329.9
$329.9
$856. 1
$856. 1

$3.2 .
$3.2
$1,127.9
$1,127.9
$82.7
$82.7
$15.6
$15.6
$94.2
$94.2
-$494.8
-$494.8
$.3
$.3
$111.3
$111.3

-------
                                                AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                  Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIHATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of Civil Rights
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Science Advisory Board
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of
Administrative Law
Judges
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Small &
Di sad va lit aged Business
Utilization
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Admlnl- TOTAL
$1,315.7
$1,315.7
$1,228.8
$1,228.8
$724.9
$724.9
$537.8
$537.8
$8,475.5
$8,475.5
$1,096.3
$1,096.3
$1,246.5
$1,246.5
$761.8
$761.8
$457.0
$457.0
$8,176.6
$8,176.6
$1,290.6
$1,290.6
$1,242.4
$1,242.4
$751.2
$751.2
$557.4
$557.4
$8,833.5
$8,833.5
-$55.7
-$55.7
-$53.5
-$53.5
-$32.3
-$32.3
-$23.9
-$23.9
-$380.1
-$380.1
$1,234.9
$1,234.9
$1,188.9
$1,188.9
$718.9
$718.9
$533.5
$533.5
$8,453.4
$8,453.4
$1,276.2
$1,276.2
$1,276.3
$1,276.3
$813.0
$813.0
$516.6
$516.6
$8,468.6
$8,468.6
$41.3
$41.3
$87.4
$87.4
$94.1
$94.1
-$16.9
-$16.9
$15.2
$15.2
strator/Executive Office

PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Immediate Office of The
Administrator

Office of Regional
Operations
34.7


 4.5
30.3


 4.0
40.3


 5.0
40.3       40..3


 5.0        5.0

-------
Administrative Law
Judges

Office of. Small «
Disadvantaged Business
Utilization

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                                AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                   Office of the Administrator/Executive Office

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE  +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE      1987     DECREASE  -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS  1986

Office of Executive
Support
Regulatory Information
Service Center
Office of International
Activities
Office of Civil Rights
Science Advisory Board
Office of

21.3
4.8
17.6
21.9
11.8
14.3
(DOLLARS 1
19.2
5.0
19.0
18.8
14.1
15.0
[N THOUSANDS)
19.2

19.0
21.8
14.1
15.0

19-. 2

19.0
21.8
14.1
15.0

19.2

19.0
21.8
14.1
15.0
  8.0
138.9
  5.1
130.5
  6.1
140.5
 6.1
                                                                                 140.5
                                                          6.1
                                                        140.5
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Immediate Office of The
Adminstrator

Office of Regional
Operations
 37.5
  4.5
 33.3
  4.0
 43.3
  5.0
43.3       43.3


 5.0        5.0

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8!
            Administrative  Law
            Judges

            Office  of  Small  «
            Dlsadvantaged Business
            Utilization
                                                             AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                              Office of  the  Administrator/Executive  Offices


Office of Executive
Support
Regulatory Information
Service Center
Office of International
Activities
Office of Civil Rights
Science Advisory Board
Office of
ACTUAL
1985

24.1
5.5
21.9
23.7
19.9
14.3
BUDGET ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE 1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
1986 REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8
5.0
22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0
20,8 23.8 23.8 23.8
23.9 23.9 23.9 23.9
15.6 15.6 15.6 15.6
  8.6
  5.9
6.9
6.9
6.9
            TOTAL WORKYEARS
160.0
154.3     164.3
                                                                                             164.3      164.3

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT

                                 Agency Management

                     Office of the Administrator/Staff Offices
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a  total  of  $8,468,600 supported by  164.3  total  workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $15,200 and no change In  workyears  from  1986.  All  of the
request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.

Program Description

     These resources  support  the  Immediate Office  of the  Administrator and  the
staff offices  which  report  directly to the Administrator.   The Administrator  and
Deputy Administrator  are  responsible for  providing  policy  guidance  and  direction
to the  Agency  and  ensuring Implementation  of  their  policies; the staff  offices
provide cross-cutting  Agency  guidance  for  scientific review  of   regulations  and
research, international environmental Initiatives,  as well as civil  rights, adminis-
trative law hearings,  regional  communication,  and support for  small  and  dlsadvan-
taged businesses.

     Irnmediate Office of the Administrator —  This  office  Includes:  the  Admini-
stratorandDeputy  Administrator,  special  assistants  to  the  Administrator  and
Deputy Administrator for the various program areas, Judicial  Officers, and clerical
support staff.

     Off1ce of Regi onal Operations, —  This  office  provides  Headquarters  with  a
stronger and more  effective link  to  each  of the  ten Regional  offices*   This link
ensures that  the   Administrator's  policies  are  effectively  communicated to  the
Regional Administrators, that  the Regions are Included 1n the  policy-making process,
that the Administrator  1s alerted to any  potential  Regional  problems  and  concerns,
and that  significant  Regional  Issues  are coordinated  with Headquarters  program
offices.

     Of flee of .Executlve Support — This  office provides centralized  budget  plan-
ning an
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     ScienceAdvisory Board -- The  Board  consists of a  Director,  professional  and
clerical staff,  and independent  scientists and  engineers  who  advise  the  Admin-
istrator on the  scientific and  technical  bases  of  the Agency's  decisions.   They
review the  scientific  basis of  regulatory  proposals, the  adequacy of  Agency  re-
search and  the  research planning process,  the  five-year research  and development
plan, as well  as  special  requests from the Administrator, the Deputy Administrator
and the Congress.

     Officeof Administrative Law Judges *•-  Judges  from this  office  preside  over
and conducthearingsrequired  by the Administrative Procedures Act  related  to  ap-
peals of Agency regulations and decisions.

     Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization — This office provides
Agencywi de oversight  Tn  implementing programs  under  Sections  8  and  15  of  the
Small Business Act, as  amended, and develops national  policy for EPA for implementing
the Agencywide minority and women's business enterprise program.


IMMEDIATE OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total of  $2,269,400 supported by  43.3  total  workyears
for this program,  all  of  which  will be  for the Salaries  and Expenses appropria-
tion.  This represents  an  increase  of $82,700 and  no  change in total  workyears
from 1986.  The  increase  reflects   greater emphasis  on resolving  administrative
actions.  The  office  is responsible  for  Agency  policy  and  direction, leadership,
management and  setting environmental  goals.   In 1987,  emphasis  will  be  put  on
the Judicial  Officer  function  to  review  and  approve  final  decisions on  Equffl
Employment Opportunity  (EEQ)  cases  that  have  been  coordinated by  the  Office  of
Civil Rights (OCR)  and to  process the expanding  number  of  environmental  cases sent
to the Administrator for final decision.


1986Program

     In 1986,  the Agency is allocating a total of  $2,186,700  supported by 43.3 total
workyears for this  program, all  of  which  is from the Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation.  The major  priorities  in the  Immediate   Office  are increased  emphasis
on enforcement  and compliance  efforts  of  both .environmental  and  civil   rights
regulations, continued  delegations  to State  and local   governments,  and continued
support of enhanced science as a basis for decision-making.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the  Agency  obligated  a total  of  $1,952,300 supported  by 37.5 total
workyears for  this program,  all  of  which was  from  the  Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.  The major  focus  of  activity in the  Immediate  Office was to pursue
delegation of  programs  to  State and local  governments, support  enhanced  science
as a basis for  decision-making  and managing  risk,  and ensure  better internal  manage*
ment.


OFFICE OF REGIONAL  OPERATIONS

1987Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total of $329,900 supported  by  5.0 total  workyears  for
this program,   all  of which will be  for  the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.
This represents an  increase of $15,600 and  no  change in total  workyears from 1986.
The increase reflects  adjustments to the 1986 base as  part of  government-wide deficit
                                           MS-24

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reductions.  The office will  continue to ensure that the  Administrator's  policies
are effectively communicated to the Regional Administrators;  that the Administrator
Is alerted to potential Regional problems and concerns;  and  that the Administrator
is assisted 1n managing significant Regional Issues.  The office will also  Increase
emphasis on  addressing  the basic  management  needs of  the Environmental  Services
Divisions.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating a total  of  $314,300  supported  by 5.0 total
workyears, all  of  which  is  from  the  Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation.   The
office 1s continuing to provide a key communications link between the Administrator
and the ten  Regional  offices, and to  be involved in Regional budget  Issues.   The
office will  also put  emphasis on providing  guidance  and coordination  for  the ten
Environmental Services Divisions.


1985 Accomplishmejts

     In 1985,  the  Agency  obligated  a  total of  $247,800 supported by 4.5  total
workyears for this  program, all of which  was  from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.  The  Office ensured that  the Administrator's policies  were effectively
communicated to  the  Regional  Administrators, that the Regions  were  included  in
the policy-making  and decision-making  processes,  and  that  the Administrator  was
kept informed  of Regional  concerns  and issues.   In  addition, the  Office  carried
out Its new responsibility  as  the Headquarters focal point for the Agency's  Environ-
mental Services Divisions.


OFFICE OF EXECUTIVE SUPPORT

1987Program Request

     The Agency  requests a  total of  $856,100  supported  by  23.8 total workyears for
this program, all of which will be for the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.  This
represents an Increase of $94,200 and  no  change  1n total workyears from 1986.  The
increase reflects adjustments  to the 1986 base  as  part  of government-wide  deficit
reductions.  This office  will provide  administrative,  personnel, and  budget  sup-
port to the Administrator's staff offices and to manage the Agency's correspondence
and its Freedom of Information program.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating  a total of  $761,900 supported by 23.8 total
workyears for  this  program,   all   of  which  is  from  the Salaries and  Expenses
appropriation.  The  office  is monitoring  resource  expenditures,  developing  the
outyear budget  for the staff  offices, providing  centralized  personnel  and  adminis-
trative support  services, and assisting staff offices with recruitment and  staffing
and property control.  The  office  is continuing  to prepare a yearly report  to Con-
gress on  the  cost  to  the Agency and to the public  of  administering the Freedom of
Information Act, to provide policy and  program oversight on the Freedom of Informa-
tion program,  and to  manage and track  executive  and  Congressional correspondence.


1985Accomplijhments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $800,600 supported  by 24.1 total work-
years for this program, all of  which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.  The office completed monthly  financial and operating plan reports, developed
                                        MS-25

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the out-year budget for the staff offices and workload analysis for Regional  Manage-
ment, and provided  personnel  advice  and assistance and staffing  plan  development,
administrative services,  and  resource  and  computer  planning  studies  for  the
Administrator's staff offices.  The office also logged, controlled, and tracked  all
Freedom of Information  requests,  Congressional correspondence, and  correspondence
addressed to the Administrator and the Deputy Administrator.


REGULATORY INFORMATION SERVICE CENTER

1987 Program Request

     No resources  are  requested   for  the  Regulatory  Information  Service  Center
(RISC).  This function  will  be  funded  by the  General  Services Administration (GSA)
in 1987.


1986 Program

     The Regulatory Information Service Center 1s allocating a total  of $494,800,
all of  which 1s  from the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation.   The Agency  will
reimburse GSA for the RISC  function under an  Interagency  agreement,   The  Center
will produce the  Unified  Agenda of Federal  Regulations  for October 1985 and April
1986 and  will  continue  its monthly   analysis  of  Federal   Register  Statistics.


1 985 Accompl 1 s hments

    In 1985, the Agency obligated  a  total of  $530,700 supported  by 5.5 total work-
years for this program, all of  which was  from the Salaries  and Expenses appropria-
tion.  The Center coordinated the publication of  the Unif Jgd Agenda of Federal  Re-
gulations for October 1984  and  April 1985.  The Center also  utilized Its automated
data base of  Federal  government regulatory  activity  and conducted monthly analyses
of Federal Register statistics.


ADMINISTRATOR'S REPRESENTATION FUND

1 987 Program Request

    The Agency requests a total  of $3,200 for  this  program, all of which will be for
the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.  This' reflects  an  Increase  of $300 from
the 1986  level.   This fund will  enable the Administrator to host  official  recep-
tions, meetings, and affairs for visiting dignitaries and officials.


l)86
    In 1986, the  Agency 1s  allocating  a total of  $2,900 to this program,  all  of
which is  from  the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation,  to  cover the  expenses  of
official receptions and other functions.


1 985 Accompl is hments

    In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,200  for this function  all  of which
was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This amount covered the expenses
of official receptions and other functions.
                                        MS-26

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OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES

1987 Program Request

    The Agency requests  a total  of  $1,127,900 supported  by  22.0 total  workyears
for this program, all  of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.
This reflects an Increase  of  $111,300 and no change  In total workyears  from 1986.
The Increase  reflects  adjustments  to the  1986 base as  part  of  government-wide
deficit reductions.  The office will  continue to manage the Agency's International
activities and programs  with  an active  role  in bilateral  agreements  and Interna-
tional organizations.   Among the international organizations with  which  the office
will play an  active role are  the Office  for Economic and Cooperation Development,
the United  Nations  Environment Program,  and  the Economic  Commission for  Europe.
In addition, the office  will  serve as the Federal Agency  Coordinator for the North
Atlantic Treaty  Organization   (NATO)  and  the  Committee  on Challenges   on  Modern
Societies (CCMS).


1986 Program

    In 1986.  the  Agency  1s  allocating  a total of   $1,016,600  supported by  22.0
total workyears to  this office,  all  of  which  1s  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.   The  office  1s  continuing to provide guidance, coordination and
exchange of  scientific  and technical  Information  on  a   regular  basis  in  support
of Agency programs  and  to promote agreed  upon  approaches  to  common environmental
problems with border countries, Including development of an environmental agreement
with Mexico  to  control   border  sanitation problems  and  re-negotiation of  a Great
Lakes Water Quality Agreement.


1985 Accomplishpents

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a total of  $1,134,700  supported  by  21.9 total
workyears for this  program, all of which  was  from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.  Dealing  with  border pollution  problems with Canada  and Mexico dominated
the focus  of  the  office.   This  Included  negotiations   on  a  transboundary  air
quality agreement,  a  joint plan to  reduce phosphorous levels  in the  Great Lakes,
cooperative efforts to remedy  the  pollution In the Niagara River Basin, and negotia-
tions with Mexico concerning a new border agreement  on control  of border sanitation
problems.  New  Initiatives were  also taken  in  support  of bilateral  cooperation
with West Germany,  Brazil, China,  the Netherlands, USSR,  and the Caribbean nations.
Emphasis was  also  directed towards the  harmonization of  regulatory  practices  to
meet environmental   objectives and  to facilitate trade  and environmental  aspects
of trade in chemicals  and shipment of hazardous  wastes.


OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a total  of  $1,276,200  supported  by 23.8 total  workyears
for this program, all  of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.
This reflects an Increase  of  $41,300 and  no  change  1n total workyears  from 1986.
The Increase  reflects  adjustments  to the  1986 base as  part of  government-wide
deficit reductions.  In  1987,  the Office of Civil  Rights  will  continue  to provide
technical guidance  and  direction  to the Agency's  civil  rights  efforts;  assume
responsibility for  policy  and Implementation  of  the  discrimination  complaints
processing system;   expand  and  Improve  the  Equal   Employment  Opportunity  (EEO)
counseling  program  to   resolve  complaints  through informal  conciliation;  and
strengthen the Special  Emphasis programs by conducting seminars and workshops  for
special emphasis employees and Agency managers.
                                       MS-27

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1986 Program

     The Agency is allocating a  total  of $1,234,900 supported by 23.8 total work-
years for this program, all  of which  is from the Salaries and Expenses  appropria-
tion.  These resources are enabling the Office of Civil  Rights to continue  to  pro-
vide technical   guidance and direction  for  the  Agency's  Civil Rights efforts.
Increased emphasis is being placed on  reducing the average processing  time for  com-
plaints of discrimination,  expanding  the  special  emphasis  program  management to
include full-time  Black  Employment and Federal  Women's  program  management;   and
strengthen! ng the  Agency's  participation in  the Historically Black  Colleges  and
Universities program.


1 985 Accprnpl i s hment s

     The Agency obligated a  total  of  $1,315,700 supported by 23.7 total workyears
for this program,  all  of  which  was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office  of  Civil   Rights improved  the  external  complaints  system, provided
training to  Office  of Civil Rights'  staff and Agency  managers, expanded  Agency*
wide recruitment efforts;  provided technical  guidance and direction for the Agency's
civil rights efforts;  and  provided  continuous  monitoring  of  affirmative  action
plan implementation.   This  office also  expanded  and improved the  EEO  counseling
program; strengthened  and   improved  the  special  emphasis  programs;   strengthened
the Agency's participation   in the Historically  Black   Colleges  and  Universities
Program; and improved the implementation  of  the Agency's  policy  on non-discrimina-
tion in Federally-assisted programs.


SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $1,276,300 supported by 23.9 total  workyears for
this program,  all  of  which  will  be  for  the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects  an  increase  of $87,400  and no  change  in  total workyears  from 1986.
The increase  reflects adjustments to  the  1986  base  as  part  of government-wide
deficit reductions.   The  Administrator will  identify  approximately  64  regulatory
issues for the Science Advisory  Board  (SAB) to  review  1n 1987.  The increase  in
reviews will be performed primarily by the Radiation Effects  Committee.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the Agency  is allocating a total  of $1,188,900  supported   by  23.9
total workyears for this  program, all  of  which  is  from the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation.  The Science  Advisory Board  is providing  expert,  independent advice
to the  Administrator  and  the Agency on  54  scientific and technical   issues facing
the Agency.
     The Agency obligated  a  total  of $1,228,800 supported by  19.9  total  workyears
for this program,  all  of  which  was  from the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.
The SAB  was involved  in  54  reviews  during 1985.   Included  amoung these  reviews
were issues  relating to hazardous  air  pollutants,  toxic substances,  radioactive
waste disposal standards,  asbestos  in drinking  water, hazardous waste incineration
at sea  and on  land, nitrogen  dioxide health effects,  and  toxic .air  pollutants.
                                       MS-28

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OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $813,000  supported  by  15.6 total  workyears for
this program,  all  of which  will  be for the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.
This reflects  an Increase  of $94,100 and no  change  1n total  workyears  from  1986.
The Increase  reflects  adjustments  to  the  1986 base  as  part of  government-wide
deficit reductions.  In 1987,  this office will  continue to preside  over  and con-
duct hearings  required by the  Administrative  Procedures  Act  related  to  suspension,
cancellation, licensing  and  enforcement  actions,  Including  the  assessment  of
civil penalties  Initiated  by  the Agency.   Preliminary estimates   Indicate  that
there will be  approximately  1100 cases  on  the docket,  an Increase of approximately
200 cases from 1986.  The  Administrative  Law Judges will also continue to adjudicate
civil rights cases Investigated by the Office of Civil  Rights.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total  of  $718,900  supported by 15.6 total
workyears, all of which 1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  The office
expects to receive  880  cases  from EPA  Regional offices In 1986.   Of  this total,
186 cases  are expected to  be  under  the  Resource Conservation  and Recovery  Act
(RCRA), 524  cases  under the Toxic Substances  Control  Act  (TSCA),  and 131  cases
under the Federal Insecticide,  Fungicide and Rodentlcide Act (FIFRA).  In addition,
this office  is handling a total of 39  cases  originating at Headquarters, Including
suspensions;  cancellations; FIFRA;  and Clean Air Act  cases.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the  Agency  obligated  a  total  of $724,900  supported   by  14.3  total
workyears for  this  program,  all   of which   was  from  the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation.  This office maintained a docket of 765 cases.  Of these cases, 162
were under RCRA; 450 were  under TSCA;  and 114 cases were under FIFRA.  In addition,
the office adjudicated  civil  rights  cases  Investigated by the  Office of  Civil
Rights*


OFFICE OF SMALL AND DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS UTILIZATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $516,600 supported  by  6.9 total  workyears for
this program,  all  of which  will  be for the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.
This represents a  decrease  of  $16,900 and no change  in  total  workyears from 1986.
The decrease  reflects  adjustments  to  personnel,  compensation  and   benefit  costs
based on current staffing patterns.  The office will  continue to provide technical
assistance to  both Headquarters and  Regional  program  office personnel to ensure
that small,  minority and/or women's  businesses are  receiving a  "fair share"  of
procurement dollars  under EPA's  Financial  Assistance  Program.  In  addition,  the
Ombudsman 1s expected to respond to 3,500 inquiries from small firms on regulatory
matters.


1986 Program

     The Agency is allocating a total  of $533,500  supported  by 6.9 total workyears
for this program,  all  of which  1s from the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.
In 1986, emphasis is being put on  handling additional  "Hotline" calls, Implementing
a Small Business  Ombudsman  Strategy, creating  business  regulatory  outreach demon-
stration projects, and promoting Minority  Business Enterprise and Women's  Business
                                        MS-29

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Enterprise participation in  the Agency's  financial  assistance programs to  comply
with Executive Order 12432.  The office  is also assisting in carrying  out a White
House conference on  small  business issues  preceded  by small business  conferences
in all 50 states,

1985 Accomplishments

    In 1985, the Agency obligated a total  of $537,800  supported  by  8.6  total  work-
years for this program, all  of  which  was  from  the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.  The  office   coordinated  activities  with  EPA's procurement  and  financial
assistance programs by providing training and technical assistance;  provided  assis-
tance toward increasing the level of  Minority  Business Enterprise/Women's  Business
Enterprise (MBE/WBE)  participation  in  EPA-assisted  programs  by  creating  source
lists and a complete Central  Resource Directory (CRD) for use by contract officers,
program managers and grant recipients,  and by developing and implementing  indirect
procurement policy  guidance;    and  provided technical and  managerial  assistance
to Headquarters  and Regional  staff assigned  to  socioeconomic  program activities
and counseling to minority and women's business 1n  compliance  with  Executive Order
12432.  The office  also  provided a "Hotline"  for small  businesses  concerning  EPA
regulations.
                                       MS-30

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Page Intentionally Blank

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Office of Inspector
     General
       SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                                                AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                         Office of the Inspector General

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 1986

                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Office of Inspector
General
  Salaries & Expenses          $14,331.4   $14,929.3  $14,794.2     -$636.2   $14,158.0  $14,748.7
                       TOTAL   $14,331.4   $14,929.3  $14,794.2     -$636.2   $14,158.0  $14,748.7
TOTAL:
  Salaries & Expenses
$14,331.4   $14,929.3  $14,794.2     -$636.2   $14,158.0  $14,748.7
                                                                         $590.7
                                                                         $590.7
                                                         $590.7
Office of Inspector    TOTAL   $14,331.4   $14,929.3  $14,794.2     -$636.2   $14,158.0  $14,748.7      $590.7
General


PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of Inspector
General

TOTAL PEP.MANENT WORKYEARS
    218.7       221.7      221.7
    218.7       221.7      221.7
                                   221.7      218.4
                                                                                  221.7
                                              218.4
-3.3
-3.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of Inspector
General
    224.5
225.7      225.7
                                                   225.7      222.4
-3.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
    224.5
                                               225.7      225.7
                                                   225.7      222.4
                                                           -3.3

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                             MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT

                               Agency Management

                          Offtee of Inspector General
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $14,748,700  supported  by 222.4 total  workyears
for 1987, an  Increase of $590,700 and  a decrease of  3.3  in total  workyears  from
1986.  All of  this  request will  be  for the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.

ProgramDescription

     This office is responsible for conducting, supervising, and coordinating audits
and investigations relating  to EPA programs and operations; promoting economy, effi-
ciency, and  effectiveness  in  the  administration of  EPA programs;  preventing  and
detecting fraud and abuse in EPA programs and operations; keeping the Administrator
and the Congress advised of  problem areas and  related corrective action; and review-
ing EPA regulations and legislation.


OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $14,748,700 supported by 222.4 total workyears,
all of which will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
an Increase  of  $590,700 and a decrease  of  3.3 1n total workyears  from 1986.   The
decrease in  workyears  reflects decreased need  for internal  audits  and investiga-
tions of anti-trust activities and other construction related fraud due to a reduc-
tion in the  size of  the construction grants  program.   The increase  will  finance
preaward, interim  and  final  audits  of  grants  and  contracts  requested  by Agency
management.

     The resources  requested  will be  used by  the  Office of Inspector General (OIG)
to continue  conducting  Internal  and  management  audits to  Improve  the  economy,
effectiveness, and  efficiency of EPA  programs  and  provide  audit coverage  to  EPA
programs and operations  which have  received  little  or  no attention  in  the past.
We plan to perform major internal audits in the Office of Research and Development,
and the Office  of Pesticides  and Toxic Substances, and  continue  coverage  of major
segments of  the  air,  water,  and  Resource Conservation and  Recovery Act  (RCRA)
programs.  We also  plan  to  continue  our program of  external audits  of grants  and
contracts which have  historically  provided  $14 in  recovered costs  for each audit
dollar spent.

     The OIG will  continue  its investigations  of  antitrust activities  and other
construction-related fraud and  will  aggressively pursue new initiatives  to search
for fraud in the  minority business enterprise program and  submission of fraudulent
documentation involving  foreign  vehicles.   It  will  continue Its  efforts  in fraud
prevention, publicizing its activities to EPA employees,  identifying  areas sensitive
to fraud, and developing new  fraud detection methods.


J.986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency 1s allocating a total  of  $14,158,000 supported  by 225.7
total workyears,  all   of  which is  from the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.
The Office of  Inspector General  1s  continuing Its  efforts  in  performing internal
                                        MS-32

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and management  audits  needed to help  improve  the economy, efficiency,  and  effec-
tiveness of overall program  operations.  Primary  emphasis  is  on  reviewing programs
or areas  in  which sufficient  audit  resources have  not  been devoted  in  the past.
For example,  reviews  are planned for  Regional  management of the  section 105  air
grant program, groundwater compliance  with  RCRA,  and the  Office of  Mobile  Sources
enforcement activities.  Such reviews protect the environment by  ensuring effective
program operations and they  improve  the economy and efficiency of  their operating
methods.

     OIG investigative resources are devoted to  conducting criminal  investigations
relating to EPA  programs  and operations involving  bid  rigging  and  other fraud in
EPA-funded construction activities;  procurement  fraud  and false claims;  fraud  and
misconduct involving EPA  employees;  unlawful  disclosure   of confidential  business
information; and  administrative  investigations  of  improprieties  involving  EPA
programs and  personnel.    New initiatives  have  been  aggressively  undertaken  to
identify fraud in  the  minority business enterprise program and examine  submission
of fraudulent documentation  involving  importation of foreign vehicles.   Continued
efforts are being made to encourage the use of the OIG hotline to uncover instances
of suspected  fraud, waste, and mismanagement.   Under the  fraud  prevention program,
the OIG is  providing technical  and audit assistance to elements of  the  Agency  as-
sessing the adequacy  of  internal  controls as  required   by  the  Federal  Managers'
Financial  Integrity Act of 1982.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total  of  $14,331,400  supported  by 224.5 total
workyears, all  of which  was  from the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.   The
Office of Inspector General  issued 1,596 audit  reports  which questioned costs of
$162,500,000.  On an overall  basis, $62,900,000 of  costs  questioned  were sustained
by Agency management.   During the year, the  Agency obtained $2,800,000 of  cost
efficiencies and $27,100,000 of actual  cash  recoveries as a result of audit efforts.
An expanded internal and management audit program was implemented and about 35 per-
cent of the OIG audit  resources were  devoted to examining many critical areas which
had never been tested  in  EPA before.  Internal  audits  provided  recommendations  for
improving the effectiveness, efficiency, and results of program operations such  as:

     1.  Required the use of recommended sampling methods for identifying asbestos*
         1n-schools since methods  being followed  provided limited  assurance  that
         asbestos would be found.

     Z.  Strengthened  EPA grant  administration  procedures  to  ensure that  grant
         awards are made  only to States that  maintain a  required level-of-effort
         and meet agreed upon commitments.

     3.  Provided  effective  management  for $7,000,000  of  personal  property  and
         improving controls  to prevent unreasonable or  improper  payments to  con-
         tractors.

     4.  Resolved  disputes  in  a  timely manner and charged  interest on disputed
         receivables.   The OIG estimates that $1,000,000 may  be  saved annually.

     The OIG opened 445 new Investigations and closed 447 Investigations, obtaining
32 indictments and convictions. Significant results were  achieved in Investigations
of construction-related fraud, the minority  business  enterprise  program,  and  the
submission of fraudulent documentation involving foreign  vehicles.
                                       MS-33

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Office of General
    Counsel
      SECTION TAB

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Page Intentions 1'ly Blank

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                                  ACTUAL
                                   1985
                                                AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                            Office of General Counsel
                                                        BUDGET
                                                       ESTIMATE
                                                          1986
                                                        ENACTED
                                                         1986 .
                                   BALANCED
                                    BUDGET
                                   REDUCTION
           CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
           ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
             1986              1987 VS 1986
PROGRAM
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
?
Office of General
Counsel
  Salaries fi Expenses
TOTAL:
  Salaries & Expenses

Office of General
Counsel
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                                           $6,618.3    $6,632.0    $6,479.0
                                           $6,618.3    $6,632.0    $6,479.0
$6,618.3    $6,632.0   $6,479.0

$6,618.3    $6,632.0   $6,479.0
                                                                     -$278.7'   $6,200.3   $6,414.9       $214.6
                                                                     -$278.7    $6,200.3   $6,414.9       $214.6
-$278.7    $6,200.3   $6,414.9      $214.6

-$278,7    $6,200.3   $6,414.9      $214.6
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of General
Counsel

TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
                                               112.4
                                               112.4
                                               121.0      119.3
                                               121.0
                          119.3
              119.3      119.3


              119.3      119.3
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of General
Counsel

TOTAL WORKYEARS
                                               124.3
                                               124. J
                                               131.5


                                               131.5
                          129.8
                                                          129.8
              129.8
                                                  129.8
                                                                                                         126.5
                                                                                                         126.5
-3.3
                                      -3.3

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


                                 Agency Management


                             Office of General Counsel
BudgetRequest
     The Agency requests a  total  of $6,414,900 supported by  126.5  total  workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $214,600 and a decrease of  3.3 total  workyears  from 1986.
All of the request will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.


ProgramDescription

     The Office of General Counsel provides legal advice and counsel  to the Agency's
top management and  media program  offices concerning  legal  Interpretation  of  EPA
administered statutes, other applicable  laws, and such matters as personnel, grants,
and contracts.  In  addition, the  program  1s  responsible for litigation activity 1n
which EPA 1s  a defendant.   These  resources  provide legal  advice to  the  Agency In
all major regulatory actions, or other Agency actions 1n which litigation  1s likely,
to ensure that  legal error is avoided and  legal   positions  are presented  in  the
most persuasive manner.


GENERAL COUNSEL

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total  of $6,414,900 supported by  126.5  total  workyears
for this program, all of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $214,600 and a decrease of  3.3 total  workyears  from
1986.  The decrease  in   workyears  reflects a  streamlining  of  program operations.
The increase will  provide for increased operating costs.

     Priority functions   1n  1987 will  Include handling all  litigation  1n  which  EPA
is a defendant.   It  will also Include support  to:   accelerated Resource  Conserva-
tion and Recovery Act (RCRA) rulemaklng; RCRA State authorizations;  National Pollu-
tant Discharge Elimination  System and Safe Drinking  Water Act permit  reviews;  Fed-
eral Insecticide,  Fungicide, and  Rodenticide Act  adjudicator^ proceedings; Rebutt-
able Presumptions  Against Registration  (special review) and  registration standard
conclusions; Clean  Air   Act  National  Ambient  Air  Quality  Standards  revisions;
National Emission  Standards  for  Hazardous  Air  Pollutants;  State  Implementation
Plan reviews; support to assistance programs;  bid  protests;  debamerit and suspen-
sion oversight; Freedom of  Information Act responses; Inspector General;  personnel;
ethics matters; and  consultation  and advice regarding such  matters  as Interpreta-
tion and  Implementation  of  regulations,  statutes, and administrative procedures.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating  a total  of $6,200,300 supported  by 129.8
total workyears for  this  program, all  of  which is from the  Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.  The  1986  program  provides  continued  support  to  Agency  program
priorities through  legal  advice  and  assistance,  handling   defensive litigation,
review of Agency  rulemaklng actions, and participating in  selected administrative
proceedings.
                                        MS-35

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     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total of $6,618,300  supported  by 124.3 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.  In 1985,
the General Counsel  supported Agency  priorites by providing legal advice and support
to Agency  managers  and  by defending the  Agency in  litigation filed  against  it.
The Office  of General  Counsel  also  reviewed regulatory  actions  to  ensure legal
defensibility and provided advice on other actions,  such as  grants,  contracts, and
personnel matters.
                                       MS-36

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Office of External
      Affairs
       SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                                                            AGENCY MANAGEMENT



                                                        Office  of External  Affairs
u

PROGRAM
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Public
Affairs
Salaries fi Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Private and
Public Sector Liaison
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Federal
Activities
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Office of External TOTAL
Affaire
ACTUAL
1985
$817.9
$817.9
$772.6
$772.6
$2,431.1
$2,431.1
$668. 5
$668.5
$1,936.2
$1,936.2
$6,626.3
$6,626.3
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$941.7 $939.9 -$40.5
$941.7 $939.9 -$40.5
$937.2
$937.2
$2,552.0
$2,552.0
$578.4
$578.4
$1,637.8
$1,637.8
$6,647.1
$6,647.1
$865. 3
$865.3
$2,489.8
$2,489.8
$638. 5
$638.5
$1,627.4
$1,627.4
$6,560.9
$6,650.9
-$37.2
-$37.2
-$107.1
-$107.1
-$27.5
-$27.5
-$70.2
-$70.2
-$282,5
-$282.5
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
$899.4
$899.4
$828. 1
$828. 1
$2,382.7
$2,382.7
$611.0
$611.0
$1,557.2
$1,557.2
$6,278.4
$6,278.4
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
$945.1
$945.1
$867.3
$867.3
$2,521.7
$2,521.7
$635.2
$635.2
$1,675.3
$1,675.3
$6,644.6
$6,644.6
i
$45.7
$45.7
$39.2
$39.2
$139.0
$139.0
$24.2
$24.2
$118.1
$118.1
$366.2
$366. 2

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                                               AGENCY MANAGEMENT
                                            Office of External Affairs




3,
•







PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Office of Public
Affairs
Office of Private and
Public Sector Liaison
Office of Federal
Activities
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Office of Public
ACTUAL BUDGET
1985 ESTIMATE
198ft
(DOLLARS
15.6 13.9
16.5 19.5
43. 2 43.6
11.0 9.7
30.1 24.8
116.4 111.5
18.9 20.9
18.4 21,5
47.6 48.6
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE 1987 DECREASE -
REDUCTION 1986 1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
13.9
19.5
4L6
11.7
24.8
111.5
20.9
21.5
46.6

13.9
19.5
41.6
11,7
24.8
111.5
20.9
21.5
46.6

13.9
19.5
41.6
11.4 -0.3
24.8
111.2 -0.3
20.9
21.5
46.6
Affai rs

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                                              ACTUAL
                                               1985
             AGENCY MANAGEMENT

         Office of External  Affairs

          BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
         ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
           1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 1986
                                                           (DOLLARS  IN THOUSANDS)
            Office of Private and
            Public Sector Liaison

            Office of Federal
            Activities

            TOTAL WCRKYEARS
 12.8
 33.6
131.3
  9.7
 29.8
11.7
29.8
130.5      130.5
11.7
29.8
                       130.5
11.4
29.8
          130.2
-0.3
            -0.3
u>
V)

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


                                 Agency Management

                             Office of External  Affairs
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a  total  of  $6,644,600 supported by 130.2  total  workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $366,200 and a decrease of 0.3 total  workyears  from 1986.
All of the request will  be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.

ProgramDescription

     These resources include  the  salaries and  associated  costs for  the  Immediate
Office of the  Assistant Administrator, the  Office of  Congressional  Liaison,  the
Office of Legislative Analysis, the  Office of Public Affairs  (OPA), the  Office of
Private and Public  Sector  Liaison,  and the  Office of  Federal Activities  (OFA}.
The Office  of  External   Affairs  provides  a  clear  interpretation  of the  Agency's
program and priorities  to increase Agency  effectiveness  by  improving  Congressional
liaison, by establishing outreach  to broaden our public involvement  through State
and local  contacts, public  Interest  groups, and  citizen  participation,  and  by
reaffirming and strengthening Federal agency contacts.

     Office of Legis1 at1 ye Analys1s —  This  office 1s  responsible  for  preparing
Agency draft legfsiation,  developlng  testimony  for  Agency officials  to  present
before Congress,  and conducting  analyses of  environmentally   related  legislation
developed by the Congress.   It-works closely with the Administrator,  the Assistant
Administrator  for External Affairs, and the program and Regional offices  in develop-
ing the Agency's legislative program and  1n  guiding specific legislative proposals
through the inter-agency  legislative review  process.  This office also  maintains
the Agency's Legislative Reference  Library and provides legislative  research  ser-
vices for the Agency.

     Office of Congressional Liaison —  This office serves as the principal point
of Congressional contact for  the  Agency.   It provides daily summaries  of Congres-
sional activities throughout EPA and provides  recommendations,  advice,  and assist-
ance to the Administrator,  the Assistant  Administrator  for External Affairs,  and
other senior policy  officials involved in the development, presentation, and  im-
plementation of the Agency's legislative program.  The office  reviews all  Congres-
sional correspondence,   responds  to   Congressional  requests   for  information  and
Agency publications, and coordinates grant and  contract  announcements to Congress.

     Office of Public Affairs —  This office  develops Agency policy  for  media
relations and  public information.   Activities include:  preparing press  releases
and feature materials for media distribution; responding to press  inquiries;  con-
ducting press  conferences   and  briefings; coordinating  media  appearances   of  key
Agency officials; compiling daily  and weekly news clips  of  national  press coverage.
The office also prepares publications  for  the  general public on major programs  and
EPA activities; produces newsletters  for  internal  EPA use;  supervises  the  nation-
wide  EPA  community relations  program to involve  citizens in EPA decisions  and
actions; supports television and radio  outlets nationwide with audiovisual  materials
explaining EPA  programs; and  reviews all  public information materials  for  confor-
mance to the Agency's Graphics Standards System.

     Office of Private  and Public  Sector Liaison  —  This   office  serves  as  the
Agency's principalpoint  ofcontact ^ith major  national  public  interest  groups,
environmental  groups, industry  representatives,  and  State  and  local  governments,
and advises the Administrator  and  other  Agency officials on  the positions  and
views of these  groups  and develops  appropriate  strategies  for  effective interac-
tions and dialogue  with them and  their constituencies.  The office will  continue
                                       MS-40

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to emphasize the  Administrator's  concern  for developing  cooperation  and  support
for delegating Agency  programs  to State  and local  government  and for broadening
the base  of  involvement  in the Agency's   regulatory  decision  making  process.

     Office of Federal  Act i vi t i es  --  This  office develops  national  policies  for
dealing with environmentalissues and problems  associated with Federal  agencies.
Specifically, OFA:   1)  ensures  that EPA  prepares Environmental Impact Statements
(EISs) or Findings of  No Significant Impact  for  those Agency programs  specifically
covered by the National  Environmental  Policy Act (NEPA),  and  assists Agency  pro-
grams with reviews that  are the functional  equivalent for those programs that  are
not specifically covered  by NEPA; 2) oversees Federal  facility  compliance with  all
EPA pollution control  requirements,  pursuant to  Executive Order 12088; 3)  ensures
that Federal  agencies   carry out  their  activities   in  an  environmentally  sound
manner pursuant to  the  National  Environmental Policy Act and  Section 309  of  the
Clean Air  Act;  4) develops  policies for dealing with  environmental  problems  on
Indian reservations  and  implements  such  policies; and 5) 1n  concert with the  Army
Corps of Engineers,  manages  the Dredge  and  Fill   program under  Section 404  of  the
Clean Hater Act.   Finally, in support of the  Council  on  Environmental  Quality,  OFA
files and  publishes  notices  of   all   Federal   Environmental  Impact  Statements.


OFFICE OF LEGISLATIVE ANALYSIS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total  of  $945,100  supported by  20.9  total workyears  for
this office, all  of which will  be  for the  Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $45,700 and no change  in  total workyears from 1986.
This Increase reflects   adjustments  to  the   1986  base as  part  of  government-wide
deficit reductions.  During  1987, the  office will  continue to ensure that  testi-
mony, draft legislation,  and analyses and reports on pending and  proposed  legisla-
tion will  be  developed  and provided to the  Office of Management  and  Budget (OMB)
and the Congress in  a timely  fashion and  consistent  with Agency and Administration
policies.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is  allocating a total of  $899,400  supported by 20.9 total
workyears for this office, all of  which Is from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.  The  Office  of  Legislative  Analysis  provides  leadership  and  support  for
special Agency working  groups to  draft  legislative Initiatives, develops  testimony
and provides required  reports on  legislation to  Congress  and  OMB.  In addition to
providing technical  support to the  Agency  programs  and Regional  offices   on  the
major environmental  legislation  developing  in   Congress,  special attention  1s
devoted to reauthorization  of the Comprehensive  Environmental  Response,  Compensa-
tion and Liability Act,  Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Toxic Substances  Control
Act, and Safe Drinking  Water Act.  The office is  also responsible  for  representing
the Agency  in all   legislation-related  day-to-day  contacts  with the  Office  of
Management and Budget and other Federal  agencies.


1985 Aceorop1i shroents

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $817,900 supported by 18.9 total work-
years for this office,  all of which was from  the Salaries  and Expenses appropriation.
The Office  developed  draft legislative  proposals  extending  the appropriations
required for all  of  EPA's major statutory authorities:   Clean Water Act,  Clean A1r
Act, Safe Drinking Water Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Marine Protec-
tion, Research, and Sanctuaries  Act,  Toxic  Substances  Control  Act,  and  Federal
Insecticide, Fungicide  and Rodentidde  Act.  The Office began preparation  of  the
                                       MS-41

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1986 legislative program  and  selected areas  In which legislative  proposals  would
be developed  in  the  99th Congress.  The  Office developed  testimony and  related
material for  69  hearings,  reviewed  and  responded  to  176  bills- referred to  the
Agency from  OMB  and  Congressional  Committees, 64  draft  legislative  reports  pro-
posed by other  agencies,  and  86  statements or testimony  of other  agencies.   The
Office also  provided  recommendations to  the President  on  17  enrolled  bills.


OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL LIAISON

1987 P rogram J^ejue sj:

     The Agency requests  a total of $857,300  supported  by  21.5  total  wprkyears  for
this office,  all  of  which  will be for the  Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $39,200 and no  change  in total workyears  from 1986.
The increase  reflects adjustments  to the  1986  base as  part  of  government-wide
reductions.  The continuing use of  computerized data  bases for routine information
functions within Congressional Liaison will  enable  the staff to deal  more rapidly
with some types of Congressional  requests  1n  1987.  The  budget  request will enable
the office  to provide  effective  day-to-day  liaison  with the  Congress  and  will
ensure that Member and Committee requests are handled  1n a timely manner.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating a total of $828,100 supported  by  21.5 total
workyears for this office, all  of which is from the Salaries and  Expenses  appropria-
tion.  The  Office of  Congressional  Liaison  represents the views  of the  Agency
before Congress and  is responsible  for  the coordination  of EPA-related  hearings,
the briefing of affected Congressional delegations,  and the supervision of Congres-
sional ly generated casework  and all  daily  Interaction  with  Congressional  Members
and staff.  Special attention in the 99th Congress is  being placed on Congressional
actions involving  such  major pieces  of  legislation  as the  Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response,  Compensation, and Liability  Act (CERCLA),  Clean Mater  Act,  and
Safe Drinking Water Act.  Action on the Toxic  Substances  Control  Act (TSCA),  Clean
Air Act, and FIFRA also continue .to be significant.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of $772,600  supported by 18.4  total
workyears for this office, all  of which was from the Salaries  and Expenses appropria-
tion.  The  Office  of Congressional  Liaison  was responsible  for all  day-to-day
Congressional contacts, Including more than 200 briefings  of members  and/or staff,
Involvement 1n approximately 80 hearings, and coordination of more than 70 specific
Committee Investigative information requests.


OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS

1987 Program Request                            :t

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of  $2,521,700  supported by 46.6 total  workyears
for this office, all  of which  will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $139,000 and no change  1n total workyears from 1986.
The Increase  results  from Increased  operating expenses.  In  1987, the  Office of
Public Affairs (OPA)  will continue to  inform, educate,  and Involve the  public on
the issues  before  the Agency and  to  promote  understanding of the  Agency's mission
and the Administrator's goals and objectives.
                                       MS-42

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total  of  $2,382,700 supported by 46.6 total
workyears for this office, all  of  which  is from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.  In  addition to  working with  the  news media  and providing  informational
materials for the  general  public,  OPA is emphasizing:  (1) providing leadership  and
guidance to strengthen  EPA community  relations activities; (2) improving coordina-
tion within the Agency of communication activities related to major Agency actions;
and (3)  strengthening  long-range planning  of  public information  activities  in
coordination with major EPA program offices and the Regional  offices.


1985 _Ac_cgn!p_1_lshmje!nts

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of $2,431,100 supported  by 47.6 total
workyears for this office, all  of  which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.  In addition to the general  activities of informing the news media and provid-
ing information material  to the public,  the  office  improved  the cost-effectiveness
of the information  program by  focusing on Agency priority issues  of  broad concern
to the public,  strengthened its  system  for  keeping appropriate  Agency personnel
informed of  community  relations  activities,   and  provided communications  support
for major  EPA  initiatives* including  ground-water  protection  and "a  national  air
toxics strategy.

                                                   %
OFFICE OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR LIAISON

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $635,200 supported  by  11.4  total  workyears
for this office, all  of which  will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an  increase  of $24,200 and a  decrease of 0.3 total  workyears from
1986.  The increase reflects  adjustments to  the 1986 base  as part of government-wide
reductions.  The decrease  results from a planned  reduction  in administrative per-
sonnel.  In 1987,  the office  expects  to  enhance its program  of  communication  and
liaison with State and local elected officials, major Intergovernmental constituency
organizations (ICOs), private  sector  organizations  and associations, environmental
interest groups  and  the  youth constituency.   The  office will  also  continue  to
assist in delegation  of environmental  programs to State  and  local  governments  and
will assist all groups with information requests, arranging and attending meetings,
and encouraging involvement in the regulatory  process.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating  a total  of $611,000 supported by 11.7 total
workyears for this office, all  of  which  1s from the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.  The office 1s  improving communication with elected State and local officials
through regular contact with  ICOs and environmental and Industry organizations  and
interest groups; representing the Agency at meetings conducted by ICO environmental
committees; developing  an Agency  policy  on  the  review of ICO contract  and grant
requests to  ensure relevant  and  cost  effective  work products;  participating  in
Agency-wide work  groups on EPA policy management  issues; communicating regularly
with elected State and local  officials; and  providing  advice on  State and local
concerns to senior Agency officials*


19J5 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a  total  of  $668,500  supported by  12.8 total
workyears for this  office,  all  of which was from the  Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation.  During 1985, the office established and improved basic working relation-
ships with Intergovernmental constituency organizations,  attended and/or addressed
numerous meetings  of  ICO environmental  committees,  began  a  series  of  Informal
meetings with various business  groups, initiated quarterly  meetings of the EPA/State
Committee and maintained  daily dialogue  with elected  State  and  local officials.
                                       MS-43

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OFFICE OF FEDERAL ACTIVITIES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $1,675,300  supported by 29.8  total  workyears
for this office, all of  which  will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $118,100 and no change In total  workyears from 1986.
The Increase  reflects  adjustments  to  the  1986 base  as  part  of  government-wide
deficit reductions.  The Office of Federal Activities (OFA) will maintain oversight
concerning EPA's  compliance with  the National  Environmental   Policy Act  (NEPA),
Including preparation of the necessary environmental documents  for NEPA compliance,
such as  environmental   Impact  statements  (EISs);  direct  activities  to  assure
compliance by  other  Federal agencies  with all environmental statutes  pursuant  to
Executive Order  12038  and  review the budget plans  of other  agencies to  assure
adequate funding of  abatement  projects pursuant to  Office of Management and Budget
Circular A-106;  review other  Federal  agencies'  projects  and  actions,  Including
their EISs in accordance with section 309 of the Clean Air Act  and NEPA; coordinate
the Implementation of  EPA programs on  Indian reservations, and  manage  the Dredge
and Fill Program.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency 1s  allocating  a  total  of $1,557,200 supported  by 29.8
total workyears  for  this  office, all  of which  1s  from the Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation.  The  office  continues  to direct activities  pursuant to  Executive
Order 12088 and Office  of  Management and  Budget Circular A-106 related to compliance
of Federal  Installations  with environmental  regulations;  review  other  Federal
actions for potential environmental Impact, develop  guidance,  and direct Implemen-
tation of EPA policies associated with other Federal agencies,  and Increase liaison
activities with these agencies; oversee  the implementation of  EPA's Indian Policy;
and manage the EPA Dredge and Fill Program.


1985 Accompl1shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of  $1,936,200 supported  by  33.6 total
workyears for this office, all  of which was from the Salaries  and Expenses appropria-
tion.  The Office focused Its activity on Improving allocation  and control  of fund-
Ing for the preparation of NEPA documents (Environmental Impact Statements and Find-
Ings of  No Significant  Impacts)  Implementing  new  procedures   for  both review  of
Federal agency actions and Interaction with other agencies as required  by  NEPA and
section 309  of the  Clean Air  Act;  Increasing emphasis  on compliance  of  Federal
Agencies with Federal statutory environmental requirements; developing and initially
Implementing an Agency policy on Indian tribes and reservation  lands; and strength-
ening management of the Dredge and Fill Program.
                                      MS-44

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Office of Policy,
 Planning and
   Evaluation
      SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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PROGRAM
                                                AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                    Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
  Salaries & Expenses

Integrated
Environmental
Management Program
  Salaries & Expenses
Office of Policy
Analysis
  Salaries & Expenses
Office of Standards &
Regulations
  Salaries & Expenses
Office of Management
Systems S Evaluation
  Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
                       TOTAL
TOTAL:
  Salaries & Expenses

Office of Policy,      TOTAL
Planning and Evaluation
$761.2
$761.2
         $3,412.3
         $3,412.3
         $9,600.3
         $9,600.3
$832,4
$832.4
$872.3
$872.3
          $3,215.5   $3,269.4
          $3,215.5   $3,269.4
          $9,304.7   $9,201.6
          $9,304,7   $9,201.6
         $5,000.5    $4,808.8   $4,777.2
         $5,000.5    $4,808.8   $4,777.2
         $2,882.9    $2,872.4   $2,864.5
         $2,882.9    $2,872.4   $2,864.5
        $21,657.2   $21,033.8  $20,985.0

        $21,657.2   $21,033.8  $20,985.0
-$37.6
-$37.6
                      -$140.6
                      -$140.6
                      -$395.7
                      -$395.7
                                  -$205.5
                                  -$205.5
$834.7
$834.7
                      $3,128.8
                      $3,128.8
                      $8,805.9
                      $8,805.9
$826.0
$826.0
                     $3,553.6
                     $3,553.6
                     $9,359.8
                     $9,359.8
                                 $4,571.7   $4,870.7
                                 $4,571.7   $4,870.7
                                  -$123.2    $2,741.3   $2,611.2
                                  -$123.2    $2,741.3   $2,611.2
-$8.7
-$8.7
                       $424.8
                       $424.8
                       $553.9
                       $553.9
                                               $299.0
                                               $299.0
                                                         -$130.1
                                                         -$130.1
                                  -$902.6   $20,082.4  $21,221.3    $1,138.9

                                  -$902.6   $20,082.4  $21,221.3    $1,138.9

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              AGENCY MANAGEMENT

  Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation

ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
 1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
            1986                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management - 12.2 13.0 .. 13.9
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Integrated 15.4 18.0 20.0
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy 41.0 42.0 52.0
Analysts
Office of Standards & 48.2 48.0 58.0
Regulations
Office of Management 43.2 49.0 49.0
Systems & Evaluation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 160.0 170.0 192.9


13.9 13.9
. 20.0 18.0 -2.0
52.0 52.0
58.0 58.0
49.0 48.0 -1.0
192.9 189.9 -3.0

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              AGENCY MANAGEMENT

  Office of Pol ley, Planning and Evaluation

ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
 1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
            1986                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management - 14.5 14.0 14.9
Policy, Planning And
Evaluation
Integrated 18.5 20.0 22.0
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy 61.5 63.1 63.1
Analysis
Office of Standards & 70.5 68.8 68.8
Regul at1 ons
Office of Management 53.9 59.0 59.0
Systems & Evaluation
TOTAL WORKYEARS 218.9 224.9 227.8


14,9 14.9
22.0 22.0
63.1 62.9 -0.2
68.8 67.8 -1.0
59.0 55.0 -4.0
227.8 222.6 -5.2

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


                                 Agency Management


                     Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total  of  $21,221,300  supported by 222.6 total  workyears
for 1987, an Increase of $1,138,900  and a  decrease  of  5.2  total workyears from 1986.
All of the request will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.

ProgramDescrljrtljon

     The Office of  Policy,  Planning and  Evaluation (OPPE), under the  guidance of
the Assistant Administrator, directs the Agency's regulation development and review
process, formulates Agency policy, and develops planning strategy.

     Specifically, OPPE  reviews   all  EPA  regulations to  ensure  consistency  with
Agency policy, coordinates  all  internal  Agency  reviews  of  regulations,  and leads
the Agency's regulatory  reform activities.  OPPE plays an  Integral  role  in policy
formulation through  its analyses of  the economic and  environmental  effects  of
EPA's regulations, policies, and  programs, as well  as evaluations of the effective-
ness of  ongoing  Agency programs.   Besides developing  a  framework for a well-run
strategic planning process, OPPE ensures that EPA's program objectives and environ-
mental goals are clearly defined  and met.

     In addition, OPPE provides  special studies and analyses to aid Agency decision-
making processes  as  well  as  support  for  the  Agency's  air toxics  initiatives.
Proposals for  Innovative approaches  to  Integrated  environmental management  also
emanate from OPPE.   A brief description  of  each of  the  program elements included
in OPPE follows:

     Program Management - Pol icy;,PIannjng and Evaluation —  This program  element
supports theAssistant  AdnrtnlstKatbr'sImmediate  Office  and provides  senior  OPPE
managers with  policy  direction,  program planning,  and  budgeting  and  resource
management,

     IntegratedEnvironmentalManagement  Program —  This  program  develops  an  In-
tegrated planning and  program management  strategy  to make regulations more consis-
tent and to avoid unnecessary economic or  environmental Impacts.

     Office of Policy Analysis — This  program  element contains  resources to  ana-
lyze EPA regul aiti ons, poTi ci es, and programs from the perspective of their economic
and environmental Impacts and benefits.

     Office of Standards and Regulations  — This office manages  the Agency's regu-
1 ation development and  review process, analyzes  all of EPA's regulations to ensure
technical quality and  consistency with Agency policy, designs the Agency's regula-
tory reform activities, and develops Innovative approaches to regulation.

     Office of Management_Sy_stems and^j^ajjjatlqn ~ this  program operates the Agen-
cy's accountability  system,evaluatesprogram effectiveness   in meeting  Agency
goals, and designs and  Implements necessary  management reforms,  Including a system
to manage for environmental results.
                                       MS-48

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PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - POLICY. PLANNING AND EVALUATION
     The Agency requests a total of  $826,000  supported  by 14.9 total  workyears for
this program, all  of which  will  be  for the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.
This represents a  decrease  of $8,700 and no  change 1n total  workyears  from 1986.
The decrease  results from adjusting personnel  compensation  and  benefits to  meet
anticipated requirements based on current staffing patterns.

     This request  will  provide the  Assistant Administrator with sufficient staff
and resources for the policy direction,  special analyses, and budgetary and adminis-
trative support necessary to  manage  OPPE and  its  component  offices  efficiently and
effectively.  Among these activities will  be review of EPA statutory authority with
a focus on  statutory provisions  or  gaps which fail to allow appropriate considera-
tion of health  and environmental  effects  and program costs  when  making regulatory
decisions, and  response to  General  Accounting Office evaluations of  EPA programs.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency is  allocating  a total of $834,700  supported  by 14.9 total
workyears for this program, all  of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation.  This  program is  providing  overall  policy  direction  and  conducting  the
activities necessary to manage the component offices of OPPE.


1985 Accompl 1 shments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated  a total  of   $761,200  supported  by  14.5 total
workyears for this program, all of which was  from the Salaries and  Expenses  appro-
priation.  These  funds  supported the basic  budgetary,   administrative,  analytic*
and planning activities necessary to manage OPPE.


INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT  PROGRAM

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a  total of  $3,553,600  supported by  22.0 total  workyears
for this program,  all of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an Increase of $424,800 and no change in total workyears from 1986.
The increase  reflects part  of the  Integrated  Environmental  Management  Program's
(IEMP) extramural   support for the Agency's air toxics initiatives.

     These initiatives  will  include -work  on a-  fourth  geographic  site,  focusing
on multi-media  pollution  analysis  and  control  based on IEMP  pilot projects  at
other sites,  as well  as  evaluation of  the necessity  of  addressing air  toxics
problems on a national  level  and  developing means  of tailoring  programs to Regional,
State, or local  problems.    IEMP  also will  work  toward  completing the Baltimore,
Maryland and Santa Clara,  California geographic  projects; and the five State Pilot
Projects for  Improved  Environmental  Decision-Making  in  Oregon,  Kansas,  Kentucky,
New Jersey,  and Maryland.   In addition, IEMP will complete development  of  a user
friendly computer  program  for  identifying  cost-effective controls  in a  specific
geographic area and  work on  the pesticides  and   ocean-dumping  models  and the pulp
and paper and foundry analyses.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of  $3,128,800 supported  by 22.0 total
workyears for this program, all  of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation.  These resources  are  allowing IEMP  to continue analyses  of  the priorities

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Identified in the screening  phase  for Its Baltimore and Santa  Clara projects.   As
part of the A1r Toxics  Strategy,  IEMP 1s undertaking a  national  screening program
to Identify priority  geographic  sites for  multi-media  analysis  as  well  as a  new
site-specific program  for  multi-media pollution  analysis  and  control.   The  five
State Pilot  Projects  for  Improved Environmental  Decision-Making are  proceeding.
In addition,  IEMP  is  developing Its  user  friendly  computer  model  and  continuing
to build models applicable  to inter-media  Issues (pesticides application,  ground-
water, ocean dumping) and to Industry sub-sectors (pulp and  paper,  foundries,  and
organic chemicals).


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total   of  $3,412,300  supported  by  18.5 total
workyears for this program,  all  of which  was  from the  Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation.  With these resources,  IEMP continued  its  geographic  studies  in  areas
such as  Baltimore and  Santa  Clara  to   further  develop  strategies for  enabling
Federal, State, and  local  governments to- jointly develop efficient environmental
controls for particular geographic  areas.  It also  Initiated a series of  smaller
projects that  are operated  at  the  State  or  Regional   level.   In  addition,  IEMP
worked on Industry studies applicable to  such Inter-media Issues as sludge, ground-
water, pretreatment,  hazardous  waste strategies, and  cropland pollution  control.


OFFICE OF POLICY ANALYSIS

1987 ProgramRequest

     The Agency requests  a  total  of  $9,359,800  supported  by 62.9 total  workyears
for this program, all  of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.
This represents an increase  of  $553,900  and a decrease  of .2 total  workyears  from
1986.  The Increase  in dollars will help in  meeting key deadlines under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act reauthorization.

     In 1987, the  Office of Policy  Analysis  (OPA)  will  continue to oversee  the
Agency's Implementation of Executive  Order  12291;  It  will produce analyses of  the
Agency's highest priority regulatory actions including major air Issues, geographic-
based water  quality  management,  implications of  proposed  Subtitle D  standards,
initial deep well  ban decisions, and the  final  leaking underground storage tank
regulations as well  as non-regulation specific initiatives  such  as geographic-based
environmental management  (e.g.    Great  Lakes  region),  risk  and  benefits-based
enforcement, and Issues associated with carbon dioxide  build-up and  global  climate
change.  Continuing  work  on  chloroflorocarbons  (CFC's)  will  support  the  United
States delegation to  the International  negotiations on CFC's  scheduled  to  begin
in 1987.   OPA also will  continue  to perform analyses  of risk  management  across
programs.  In addition, OPA's  Benefits Program will  retain  Its focus on  advanced
treatment and pesticides  and place  new  emphasis on materials damage  assessment,
indoor air quality  (radon),  and  region/site specific benefits  analysis.   Its  Eco-
nomic Research Program  will  value  reduction of pollution in  wetlands, analyze  the
value of various  aspects  of  State enforcement programs, and undertake new  work on
the valuation of risk reduction at hazardous waste sites.


19JJ6 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency 1s  allocating  a  total  of  $8,805,900 supported  by  63.1
total workyears for this  program,  all of which  1s  from the  Salaries  and  Expenses
appropriation.  With these resources,  OPA is overseeing implementation of Executive
Order 12291, working  closely  with  program offices to evaluate  the costs,  economic
impact, and  benefits  of prospective  regulatory  requirements or  changes.   OPA 1s
                                       MS-50

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concentrating on hazardous  waste issues, concluding  studies of the  macroeconomic
impacts of EPA regulations,  undertaking analyses of risk management  across  programs,
and performing  studies  on the combined  economic  impact  of all EPA regulations  on
major industries as  well  as several company-or-plant-specific  financial  analyses.
In addition,  OPA  is  working on  a major  analysis  of  the risks  and benefits  of
CFC's and other ozone-depleting  substances.   Its  Benefits Program  is  incorporating
benefits analysis in decisions on construction grants and accelerating an  important
effort to  improve  risk/benefit  techniques   applied   by  the  pesticides   program.
Lastly, OPA's Economic Research  Program is renewing promising cooperative agreements
with academic  researchers  to support the  development of  data  and techniques  for
performing benefit-cost analyses of environmental  regulations.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of  $9,600,300 supported  by 61.5  total
workyears for this program, all  of which was  from the Salaries  and Expenses appro-
priation.  OPA  focused on   reviewing  existing regulations  and  standards,   which
required intensified  cost-benefit  and   cost-effectiveness analysis.    OPA placed
additional emphasis on 1ntra-1ndustry and cross-industry cost-effectiveness compar^
ison, thoroughly reviewing  Its  existing data  base  and upgrading  and  expanding  It
as necessary.   OPA  worked on the  Congressionally-mandated "-Cost   of  Clean Air and
Water" report  and  continued its  strategic studies  which examined the cumulative
macroeconomic impacts of EPA's  regulations on major industries.  Additionally, its
Benefits Program  pursued  major efforts  to   incorporate  benefits analysis  in  a
variety of regulatory situations, including development of the Agency's groundwater
strategy.  And, Its Economic Research Program undertook major studies  on  the  bene-
fits of  reducing ozone  concentrations and  on  the  effectiveness  of  different infor-
mation contents on pesticides labels.


OFFICE OF STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total of $4,870,700  supported by 67.8 total  workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase  of  $299,000  and a decrease of 1.0 total workyears from
1986.  The dollar  increase  mainly  results from  adjusting personnel   compensation
and benefits to meet  anticipated requirements based  on  current staffing  patterns.
The workyear decrease reflects a  slight  decrease  1n the  need  for  chemical integra-
tion and coordination work.

     With this  funding, the  Office of  Standards  and  Regulations (OSR)  will ensure
compliance with Executive Orders 12291  and 12498, the Regulatory  Flexibility Act,
the Paperwork  Reduction Act, and Federal  Register  requirements by continuing Its
technical, statistical,  and  policy  review  ofexisting  regulations as  well  as
those under  development.   It also will  continue regulatory  reform   efforts,  Its
lead analyst  role  in the  Agency  Investigation  of  potential  damage  caused  by
leaking underground storage  tanks, and  its evaluation of methods  to control  asbes-
tos effectively.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  is  allocating  a total  of  $4,571,700 supported by 68.8
total workyears for this  program, all  of 'which  is  from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.  These  resources  are  allowing  OSR  to  manage the Agency's  regulation
development and  review  processes,  ensure  Agency  compliance  with  the  Paperwork
Reduction Act  of  1980,  ensure   the  technical  quality of  Agency   regulations  and
policies, improve the statistical quality of Agency regulations and data collection
and analysis activities, and ensure Integration of the Agency's regulatory programs
                                        MS-51

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on chemicals across  program  offices.  In  addition,  OSR 1s  continuing  to initiate
and promote sound  regulatory  reforms,  such as demonstration and  implementation of
innovative water reforms; development of  non-point  source strategies for abatement
of pollution, including  contamination  of  groundwater;  and  provision  of technical
assistance on emissions  trading and development  of Agency  policy on  related  air
program reforms.


1985 Accompl1shments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a total  of  $5,000,500 supported by  70.5 total
workyears for this program, all  of which  was  from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.  OSR continued  its  effective  management and oversight  of  the regulation
development and review process  ensuring compliance  with  Executive Orders 12291 and
12498, the  Regulatory  Flexibility Act,  the  Paperwork Reduction Act,  and  Federal
Registejr requirements.   OSR  intensified  regulatory  reform and relief  efforts  amf
continued to concentrate  on  improving the scientific, engineering, and statistical
base for regulations and  policies.   Negotiation  was  successfully demonstrated  and
continued to be used  as an alternative regulation development method.  OSR published
an Agency Environmental  Auditing Policy, developed statistical  sampling methods for
hazardous waste sites,  and developed and  tested  a  methodology for  setting Agency
priorities for regulatory action.


OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND EVALUATION

1987 Prograjn Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $2,611,200  supported by  55.0  total  workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a  decrease of $130,100 and a decrease of 4.0  total  workyears from
1986.  The dollar and workyear reductions  primarily reflect transfer of the General
Accounting Office  liaison function  out  of  the  Office  of Management  Systems  and
Evaluation (OMSE)  to the Immediate Office  of  OPPE's Assistant  Administrator.
Dollars also were  adjusted to reflect  anticipated personnel  compensation and bene-
fits based on current staffing levels.

     These resources will  enable OMSE to  assess  whether Agency  goals  and program
commitments are being met and what corrective actions should be taken if weaknesses
are detected.   To  accomplish  this,  OMSE  will   carry  out  evaluations  of  major
programs or  program  components and  perform short-term  management  reviews.   It
will operate a  special tracking system  for the  Deputy Administrator as well as the
management accountability  system,  ensuring  its  integration  with  other  Agency
management systems.  OMSE also  will  develop  agency-wide planning guidance, assist
1n the development of program strategies,  and further develop an integrated Agency
strategic planning  system encompassing  all  media.   The  Regional  Administrator's
Environmental Management Reports will continue under OMSE auspices as will coopera-
tion between Headquarters and the Regional  offices in developing Improved Indicators
of environmental status and trends and improved monitoring strategies.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating  a total of  $2,741,300  supported by 59.0 total
workyears for this program, all  of  which 1s  from the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation.  With this  funding, OMSE is assessing the Agency's effectiveness in meeting
program goals and  commitments  by conducting evaluations of major programs, by running
the management accountability  system,  by  performing a number  of  quality assurance
reviews, and by developing  and  recommending corrective  actions where  the need  for
Improvement 1s identified.  It  is developing mechanisms  for connecting the account-
ability system, which measures each program's  progress  in meeting  its goals and com-
mitments, with other Agency management  systems.   OMSE also is focusing -its efforts
                                       MS-52

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on strategic planning, in close cooperation with the program offices.   In  addition,
OMSE is working with Headquarters and Regional'offices to develop improved indicators
of environmental status and trends, and improved monitoring strategies  and  is  aiding
in some of  the State  Pilot  Projects for  Improved  Environmental  Decision Making.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total  of  $2,882,900 supported  by 53.9 total
workyears for this program, all of which was  from the  Salaries and  Expenses  appro-
priation.  OMSE held  a  pivotal  role  in helping to  develop  the  Agency's Air  Toxics
Strategy.  It carried out major evaluations  on  the effectiveness of the  National
Notification System for Emergency Response to Releases  of Hazardous  Substances,
the Implementation  of the National  Municipal  Policy, and  Incineration of  Liquid
Hazardous Wastes.  OMSE also  took the lead on the  Performance-Based  Grants  Policy
Task Force  resulting  in increased Federal-state  coordination.   In addition,  OMSE
expanded efforts to implement and refine the accountability system for the Adminis-
trator, designing  a   fully  automated  system and developing specialized  tracking
systems for Individual programs.
                                        MS-53

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     Office of
Administration and
    Resources
   Management
       SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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PROGRAM
                                                AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                 Office of Administration and Resource Management
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
•INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Administration
  Salaries & Expenses
Financial Management
Headquarters
  Salaries & Expenses
  and Facilities
         $1,292.1    $1,395.2   $1,370.5
TOTAL    $1,292.1    $1,395.2   $1,370.5
         $5,842.0    $5,032.7   $5,445.1
             $9.5
Office of the
Comptroller
  Salaries & Expenses
  Operations, Research
  and Facilities
Contracts and Grants
Management
  Salaries 8 Expenses
Personnel and
Organization Services
  Salaries ft Expenses
 -$58,8    $1,311.7   $1,359.Z       $47.5
 -$58.8    $1,311.7   $1,359.Z       $47.5
-$234.1    $5,211.0   $5,404.4      $193.4
                       TOTAL    $5,851.5    $5,032.7   $5,445.1     -$234.1    $5,2li.O   $5,404.4      $193.4
         $3,545.5    $3,253.6   $3,197.5

            $90.0

TOTAL    $3,635.5    $3,253.6   $3,197.5
         $9,676.5    $9,355.6  $10,149.6
TOTAL    $9,676.5    $9,355.6  $10,149.6
         $7,256.7    $7,630.7   $7,540.1
TOTAL    $7,256.7    $7,630.7   $7,540.1
-$136.6    $3,060.9   $4,976.6    $1,915.7
                                                                    -$136.6    $3,060.9   $4,976.6    $1,915.7
-$436,6    $9,713.0   $9,796.8       $83.8
-$436.6    $9,713.0   $9,796.8       $83.8
-$324.1    $7,216.0   $7,472.0      $256.0
-$324.1    $7,216.0   $7,472.0      $256.0

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f
Ul
Ul
            Facilities  fc Management
            Services
              Salaries  & Expenses
            Information  Systems  &
            Services
              Salaries & Expenses
Office of Human
Resources Management
  Salaries X Expenses
                                   TOTAL
                                   TOTAL
                       TOTAL
            TOTAL:
              Salaries  & Expenses
              Operations,  Research
              and  Facilities

            Office  of Admlni-       TOTAL
            stration and Resource
            Management
                                                            AGENCY MANAGEMENT

                                             Office  of  Administration  and  Resource  Management

                                              ACTUAL     BUDGET     EHACTED    BALANCED     CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
                                               1985      ESTIMATE      1986        BUDGET     ESTIMATE      1987    DECREASE -
                                                          1986                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986

                                                          (DOLLARS IN  THOUSANDS)
                                $6,722.4    $6,930.8   $6,604.6     -$284.0    $6,320.6   $6,484.8      $164.2
                                $6,722.4    $6,930.8   $6,604.6     -$284.0    $6,320.6   $6,484.8      $164.2
                                $6,606.5    $6,844.8   $7,313.5     -$314.5    $6,999.0   $7,211.2      $212.2
                                $6,606.5    $6,844.8   $7,313.5     -$314.5    $6,999.0   $7,211.2      $212.2
$1,131.4    $1,166.3   $1,192.6      -$51.2
$1,131.4    $1,166.3   $1,192.6      -$51.2
$1,141.4   $1,151.1        $9.7
$1,141.4   $1,151.1        $9.7
                               $42,073.1   $41,609.7  $42,813.5   -$1,839.9   $40,973.6  $43,856.1    $2,882.5

                                   $99.5

                               $42,172.6   $41,609.7  $42,813.5   -$1,839.9   $40,973.6  $43,856.1    $2,882.5

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               AGENCY MANAGEMENT

Office of Administration and Resource Management

 ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
  1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
             1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 1986
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Administration
Financial Management
Headquarters
Office of the
Comptroller
Contracts and Grants
Management •
Personnel and
Organization Services
Facilities 8 Management
Services
Information Systems &
Services
Office of Human
Resources Management
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS

22.2
120.1
59.7
207. 2
160.7
181.8
122.3
21.5
895.5
(DOLLARS
20.8
120.5
61.9
214.5
160.0
186. 2
121.2
23.0
908.1
IN THOUSANDS)
21.8
131.5
62.9
230.3
162.0
179.0
132.2
24.0
943.7

21.8
131.5
62.9
230.3
162.0
179.0
132.2
24.0
943.7

20,3'
133.2
61.5
219.9
159.8
171.5
130.5
22.5
919,2

-1.5
1.7
-1.4
-10.4
-2.2
-7.5
-1.7
-1.5
-24.5

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               AGENCY MANAGEMENT



Office of Administration and Resource Management


TOTAL WOPKYEARS
Program Management -
Administration
Financial Management
Headquarters
Office of the
Comptroller
Contracts and Grants
Management
Personnel and
Organization Services
Facilities § Management
Services
Information Systems &
Services
Office of Human
Resources Management
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1985


24.0
127.9
67.1
218.2
179.0
191.3
136.3
23.7
967. 5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS

22.8
130.0
69.3
222.4
179.9
195.9
138.5
24.0
982.8
ENACTED BALANCED
1986 BUDGET
REDUCTION
IN THOUSANDS)

22.8
141.0
69.3
236.2
181.7
186.1
149.3
25.0
1,011.4
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986


22.8
141.0
69.3
236.2
181.7
186. 1
149.3
25.0
1,011.4
ESTIMATE
1987


21.3
141.0
67.9
225.8
178.1
178.6
144.5
23.5
980.7
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986


-1.5

-1.4
-10.4
-3.6
-7.5
-4.8
-1.5
-30.7

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


                                 Agency Management


                 Office of Administration and Resources Management
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $43,856,100  supported  by  980.7  total  workyears
for 1987, an  increase of $2,882,500  and a decrease of  30.7  total  workyears  from
1986.  All of the request 1s for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.


Program Pescri pt 1 on

     The Office of Administration  and Resources  Management (OARM) performs admini-
strative management and support functions to all  of  EPA, and  provides a full  range
of administrative services  to  Headquarters  and our  two  largest  non-regional  field
operations -- Research Triangle  Park  (RTP), North Carolina and  Cincinnati,  Ohio.
The office also controls the Agency's  central  planning and  budgeting  process  which
allocates workyear and financial  resources among program areas and ensures adequate
funds control.  In addition, the office directs a Human Resources Management program
for all Agency employees.

     The Immediate Office  of  the Assistant Administrator  provides  overall  program
direction and resource management  for all  office activities,  as  well  as Agencywide
administrative support policy.  There  are six organizational  components  under the
Assistant Administrator  for Administration  and  Resources  Management:   Office  of
the Comptroller, Office  of Administration,  Office of Information Resources Manage-
ment, Office  of Human Resources Management, and  the Offices  of Administration  at
Research Triangle  Park  and  Cincinnati.   The  Office of  the  Comptroller provides
Agencywide financial   services  as  well  as budget  development  and execution activi-
ties.  The Office  of Administration  provides  services in  the  areas of  personnel
administration,  facilities  management,  organizational   analysis,   contracts  and
grants management, and occupational  health and safety.  The  Office of  Information
Resources Management  directs the Agency's  information  resources management program
and library services.  The  Office  of  Human  Resources Management provides  workforce
planning, career development,  and  executive management services to EPA employees.
Our RTP and Cincinnati offices provide administration services to the environmental
programs at EPA's  major  research  locations,   A  brief description  of each  of the
program elements Included in this office follows:

     Program Management - Admi nl strati on — This  component  consists of  the Assist-
ant Admi ni strator s immedi at!e'  of f 1 ce  which  provides  oversight, planning functions,
and performs  all  of  the  budgeting and  resource management  activities  for  OARM.
               Management - Headquarters — This component  includes  financial  man-
agement, f inanei al pofi cy devel opmerit , accounti ng , and  financial  reporting activi-
ties for Headquarters and field offices.

     Off 1 ce of the Comptrol 1 er — This  component  develops and  operates  EPA's  pro-
gram pllhhirig  and  budgeting   system;  analyzes  and  prepares   Agency  budgets  for
submission to  Congress and  OM8;  maintains the Agency's allocation, control,  and
review system  for all  workyear and  financial  resources; and oversees EPA's manage-
ment efficiency programs.
                                       MS-58

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     Con i tracts and Grants Management  —   This  component  establishes  Agencywide
contracts and  grants policy,  awards and  manages  Headquarters  grants  and  other
financial assistance  programs,  and  awards  and  administers  contracts  and  small
purchases at Headquarters, Research Triangle Park, and Cincinnati.

     Personnel and [Organization Services  —   This  component  provides   personnel
services at  Headquarters, Cincinnati >  and  Research  Triangle  Park,  as  well   as
Agencywide management  analysis,  and occupational  health  and  safety  functions.

     Facilities and Management Services   —   This  component   provides  facilities
management servl ces  to  EPA operations  in Headquarters,  Cincinnati, and  Research
Triangle Park.
                 ^sjtemis_ M^ Sgjces --  This  component  provides  Agencywide  ADP
                   T"
                jj_
system?liinlig5iTas"l»ell             services  at  Headquarters, Cincinnati,  and
Research Triangle Park.

     Human Resources Management —  This component  provides  Agencywide  workforce
planning, career development,  and  executive  management services to  EPA employees.


PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - ADMINISTRATION

1 987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total  of $1,359,200  supported  by 21.3 total  workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.
This represents an  increase  of $47,500 and a decrease  of  1.5 total  workyears  from
1986.  The decrease in workyears  reflects  a  reduction  to the staffing level  in  the
Assistant Administrator's  Immediate  Office.   The increase  reflects  adjustments to
the 1986 base as  part  of government-wide deficit reductions.   In  1987, the  office
will continue to provide guidance  and  direction  as well as program and administra-
tive support  for  OARM, direct and manage  OARM's resources, administer  and  report
on OARM's portions of the  Administrator's  Action Tracking  System  and the Strategic
Planning and  Management  System, and conduct  strategies to  enhance  the efficiency
and effectiveness of the Agency.


1 986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  1s  allocating a total  of  $1,311,700  supported by  22.8
total workyears for  this  program,  all  of  which  1s  from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.  These  resources are  used for  overall  policy direction and guidance
to the  Agency's  management  programs,  review  of organization  and  consolidation
issues, continued  strengthening  of  EPA's financial,  budgetary,  contracts,  and
information resources  management   programs,  as   well  as initiation  of  management
effectiveness strategies within the Agency.


 1985 Accomplishments                              !

     in 1985, the  Agency  obligated a  total of  $1,292,100  supported  by  24.0 total
workyears for this program all  of  which was from the Salaries  and  Expenses  appro-
priation.  These  resources were used to provide  office-wide management  and  policy
direction, manage the  development  and execution  of  OARM's  budget,  provide  Action
Tracking and  Strategic Planning and  Management  reports, and conduct  special  analy-
ses and projects on Agencywide management issues.
                                        MS-59

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FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS

•1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $5,404,400 supported  by  141.0 total  workyears
for this"program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents  an  increase  of  $193,400  and  no change  in  total workyears  from
1986.  The increase  will  provide  for  further automation as a  result  of financial
management initiatives  from the  Department  of  Treasury,  the  General  Accounting
Office and the  Office of  Management and  Budget.   The  office's  priorities  in 1987
will include the following initiatives: implement Office of Management and Budget's
Circular A-127 requirements, implement Section 4  of the Federal Managers' Financial
Integrity Act of  1982,  increase the timeliness of  contracts  processed as required
by the Prompt  Payment Act, explore further cash  management  initiatives,  and bring
the Financial  Management  System  into full   compliance  with  General  Accounting
Office standards.

     These resources  will  also  provide the  necessary  workyears for  the  program
to improve the  overall  quality of financial and accounting services throughout the
Agency, provide  financial  reports  to meet Office  of  Management  and Budget  and
Treasury requirements, manage the Agency's Financial Management System, and develop
and refine Agency financial policies and procedures.


1986 Program

     In 1986,  the Agency  is  allocating a  total  of $5,211,000  supported  by 141.0
total workyears  for  this  program, all  of  which is from the  Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.  These  resources  provide  a full array  of  financial  services to EPA
managers, including  payroll,  accounting,  debt  collection,  accounts   payable  and
policy guidance.   This program manages the Agency's  Financial  Management  System.
The 1986 program  emphasis  is on  improving  the financial services provided by Head-
quarters and Research Triangle Park financial operations, the development of stand-
ard quality assurance  programs  for the Agency, development of a long-term planning
process for the Financial  Management System, completion of a Comptroller Directives
System for consolidation  of  all  financial  policies and procedures, and transfer of
the software programs  to operate the  Financial  Management System  at  the National
Computer Center.

1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated a  total of  $5,851,500 supported by 127.9 total
workyears, of  which $5,842,000  was from  the Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation
and $9,500 was  from the Operations, Research,  and Facilities appropriation.  With
these resources, the  Agency  provided  routine  financial services, automated various
payroll activities, developed financial policy, performed  internal control reviews,
performed accounting  systems  reviews  to assure  compliance with  the  new standards
of internal  control  established by the Comptroller General  of  the United  States,
continued a comprehensive  cash management  program, including implementation of the
Diners Club Program  and Treasury's Letter  of Credit  process,  and maintained ade*
quate financial controls for the  Agency.


OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER

1987 ProgramLJteqjjest

     The Agency  requests a total  of  $4,976,600  supported  by  67.9 total  workyears
for this  program,  all of  which will  be  for the  Salaries  and Expenses appropria-"
tion.  This represents  an Increase^of $1,915,700 and a decrease of 1.4 total work-
                                       MS-60

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years from 1986.  The Increase in funds 1s  for the  continued  Implementation  of OMB
Circular A-127,  a  major initiative  which  will  Integrate and  Improve  the Agency's
financial management  systems.   The  decrease  In  total  workyears results  from the
Increased use  of office  automation 1n  budget analysis  and   reporting  functions.

     These resources will provide the Office  of the Comptroller with the capabili-
ties to  perform all  mandatory activities  associated  with  OMB and  Congressional
budget submissions for 1987 and 1988, provide budget analyses and reports to Agency
program offices through the  Resource Planning and  Budgeting  System,  and  maintain
an allocation,  control and review  system  for all  workyear and financial resources.
The office will  focus on  Implementing  EPA's Productivity  Improvement Initiative,
which will reduce costs  and  enhance  program effectiveness across the Agency.  The
Comptroller will also continue to  Implement the  Federal Managers'  Financial  Integ-
rity Act, and Implement OMB Circular A-76.


1986Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency 1s  allocating  a  total  of  $3,060,900 supported by 69.3
total workyears  for this  program,  all  of  which  1s from the  Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.. With these resources the Office of the Comptroller develops current
and outyear budget guidance to program and  Regional offices, analyzes budget issues,
develops and  Implements Agency budget  policy, and  administers  and  provides  policy
guidance to  EPA managers on  a range of  fiscal  concerns.  Particular emphasis Is
being placed  on Improving  funds control  and budget planning.  The  office 1s also
leading the Agency's effort to Implement OMB Circular A-127.


1985 Accompl1shment s

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $3,635,500 supported  by 67.1 total
workyears for this program, of which $3,545,500  was from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $90,000 was  from the  Operations,  Research,  and Facilities appro-
priation.  With these resources, this  program managed the development of  the 1986
Operating Plans, provided budget  and policy guidance  to  program and Regional offices
for the 1987 budget requests-performed oversight of audit resolution and follow-up,
Implemented the Federal Managers'  Financial Integrity Act,  and began EPA's Produc-
tivity Improvement Initiative.


CONTRACTS AND 6RANTS MANAGEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests a total  of $9,796,800 supported by  225.8  total  workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents  an  increase  of $83,800 and a decrease of 10.4 total  workyears from
1986.  The decrease  1n  workyears reflects  anticipated  reductions 1n  the contracts
and grants workload during  1987.  The Increase reflects  adjustments to  the  1986 base
as part of government-wide deficit reductions.    •

     In the  contracts area,  the  request  will  enable  the Agency  to  process  and
award new contracts  and  purchase orders,  manage.and  close  out existing contracts,
evaluate contractor  cost  proposals, process contract terminations  and  claims,
and provide  technical  review,  policy  compliance,   and  administrative  oversight
and management  to  the three  contracting   and  purchasing offices  In   Headquarters,
Cincinnati, and Research Triangle Park (RTP).

     In the grants area, these funds will  allow the Agency to develop  and interpret
policy and procedural guidance for Agencywide assistance programs, award and admin-
ister Headquarters  grants,  cooperative  agreements, and  interagency agreements,
respond to requests  for assistance  from  Regions  and Federal assistance recipients,
                                        MS-€i

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                 continue to modify, update, and  simplify  our assistance regulations, increase in-
                 house audit  and  cost  analyses,  Increase  noncompllance  efforts  against program
                 participants who  abuse the privileges of Federal assistance, and meet OMB Circular
\                 A-127 requirements.
                 1986 Program

                      In 1986, the Agency  1s allocating  a  total  of $9,713,000  supported  by 236.2
                 total  workyears  for this program, all  of which is  from  the Salaries and Expenses
                 appropriation.   These resources are  being  used to perform a  full  range  of grants
                 and contracts activities that include awarding  and  administering contracts, grants,
                 loans, purchase  orders,  and interagency agreements.  This also  includes negotiating
                 indirect cost rates, processing terminations  and  claims, providing  administrative
                 management over  contracting offices  at Headquarters, Cincinnati  and  RTF, developing
                 suspension and   debarment  cases  under  EPA assistance   and  procurement  programs,
                 addressing policy development,   internal  review  and systems  management  Issues In
                 both the contracts  and  grants  areas,  supporting  A-127  Initiatives, Instituting a
                 new automated assistance document system,  and  providing  project officer training.


                 1985 Accomplishments

                      In 1985, the   Agency  obligated  a  total  of  $9,676,500  supported  by  218.2
                 total  workyears  for this program, all  of which was from the Salaries and Expenses
                 appropriation,   the major  accomplishments  in  this program area Included increased
                 emphasis on contract management,  continued  implementation of the Federal Acquisi-
                 tion Regulation, Improving the  contract  planning  system and automated procurement
                 document system, Implementing  the new  Asbestos School  Hazard Abatement Program,
                 developing the  Grants Information  System Management Council,  continuing to simplify
                 grants procedures,  and taking  noncompllance actions against and recovering Federal
                 funds  from program  participants  who  abuse  the privileges  of Federal assistance.


                 PERSONNEL AND ORGANIZATION  SERVICES

                 1987 Program Request

                      The Agency  requests a total  of  $7,472,000 supported by 178.1  total workyears
                 for this program, all  of which  will  be for  the  Salaries and  Expenses appropriation.
                 This represents  an  increase of  $256,000 and a  decrease of 3.6 total workyears  from
                 1986.   The decrease  in  total   workyears  reflects  an  anticipated  reduced  rate of
                 hiring during 1987.   The   Increase  will  provide   for  Increased  operating  costs.

                      This program will  continue  to   perform ongoing personnel  functions including
                 recruitment,  position  management,   classification, performance, management,    pay
                 administration,  personnel  and  payroll processing,  labor-management and  employee-
                 management relations, personnel information systems management, equal opportunity
                 employment, and  technical  assistance  and  advisory  services.   Efforts  will   also
                 focus  on performing  management  and  organization  Improvement  analyses,  managing
                 delegations of  authority and reorganizations,  developing Agency forms, overseeing
                 EPA public  advisory committees,  and  directing  the  Agency's  directives  system.
                 Finally, the program will  continue coordination and management  of Agencywlde health
                 and safety programs.


                 1986 Prqojrani

                      In 1986, the Agency  is allocating  a  total  of $7,216,000  supported  by 181.7
                 total  workyears  for this program, all  of which 1s  from  the Salaries and Expenses
                 appropriation.   These  resources  support  high quality  and  responsive  personnel
                 services, Implementation of human resources initiatives including improvement to
                                                         MS-62

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the Performance Management System and development of a comprehensive curriculum
for managers, improved utilization of personnel  information systems including
development of core management reports, and continued support to meet the Agency's
specialized recruitment needs.  The resources also provide for performance of
additional management reviews with the primary focus on Headquarters offices,
expansion of management and organization services to Regional and Headquarters
offices, implementation of Agency health and safety programs, development of
Environmental Compliance Audit Guidelines, and performance of environmental  com-
pliance audits for EPA facilities.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, the Agency allocated a total of $7,256,700 supported by 179.0 total
workyears for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.  With these resources the Agency continued efforts to meet specialized
and hard-to-fill  recruitment needs, conducted an Agencywide Performance Management
System (PMS) survey, issued a comprehensive PMS planning package, designed a new
award for unusually outstanding merit pay employees, developed a labor relations
handbook for supervisors, conducted negotiations with employee unions on sensitive
management issues, and expanded automated personnel data bases and improved infor-
mation systems capabilities.  These resources also provided management assistance
to virtually every EPA office resulting in organizational and management improve-
ments ranging from strengthened management processes to streamlined organizational
arrangements.


FACILITIES AND MANAGEMENT SERVICES

1987 Prog ram Reguest

     The Agency requests a total of $6,484,800 supported by 178.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.  This represents an increase of $164,200 and a decrease of 7.5 total work-
years from 1986.  The reduction in workyears represents a decrease in staff for
the Headquarters printing and publication activities, as well as consolidation
of like facilities functions and elimination of nonessential services.  The
increase will provide for increased operating costs.  With these resources the
Agency will administer the Nationwide Support, Headquarters Support, and Buildings
and Facilities budgets, provide operational support and housekeeping services,
and monitor and direct contractor resources under support contracts.


1986Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,320,600 supported by 186.1
total workyears for this program, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.  These funds are being used to provide timely, high quality and
cost effective facilities management and support services for EPA facilities in
Washington, Research Triangle Park (RTP), Nortli Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio.
These resources provide ongoing services 1n the areas of property and space manage-
ment, building operational services, office support services, real estate and
lease enforcement support, transportation management, printing and publication
operations, security services, and facilities design and construction management.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $6,722,400 supported by 191.3 total
workyesrs for this program, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.  With these resources the Agency provided facilities management services
to EPA facilities in Washington, RTP and Cincinnati, established better administra-
tive controls over property management, managed space needs and provided security
services.
                                     MS-63

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     In addition,  the  Agency  administered  the  Buildings  and  Facilities  program
which included managing  health  and safety  improvements  and routine and  emergency
repairs to our facilities across the country.   This program supervised  the start  of
construction of the  wildlife toxicology  facility  for the Environmental  Research
Laboratory at Corvallis, Oregon,  and the  pollution  statement  facility  at the Envi-
ronmental Research Laboratory  in  Narragansett,  Rhode  Island.   The  program  also
initiated the design  of  a  full  containment  facility in Cincinnati, Ohio  and a new
radiation laboratory  in Montgomery, Alabama.


INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $7,211,200 supported by 144.5  total  workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase  of  $212,200 and a decrease of  4.8 total workyears from
1986.  The decrease in workyears  results  from the increased use  of  contractors for
support services.  The  increase will  provide for increased operating  costs.  The
requested resources  will enable the Agency to  maintain current, centrally admini-
stered information systems  and  services in  support of EPA.programs  and the public.
This program will  provide  the personnel to manage the  Agency's central  and distri-
buted computing  and  data transmission network,  Its major  administrative  and pro-
grammatic data  systems  and  library  services.   In  addition,  these resources will
permit the Agency to continue to develop a program of information resources manage-*
merit including  long   and  short-range  Automated  Data  Processing   (ADP)  planning,
ADP security,  records  management, software and data standards,  and internal  con-
trols on information  resources.  Particular emphasis  will  be placed  on  providing
technical support for the Regional ADP Modernization effort.


1986Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency  1s  allocating  a total  of $6,999,000  supported  by 149.3
total workyears for  this program, all  of  which Is from the Salaries  and Expenses
appropriation.  This level  of funding Includes the transfer of voice communications
functions from the Office  of Administration to  the  Office  of Information Resources
Management as part of an effort to Integrate voice and data communications planning
and management.

     Also during 1986, particular  emphasis  is  being placed on improved Information
systems planning by EPA programs, strengthening  information  security, and continuing
the program to implement and update Agency financial management systems in response
to General Accounting Office (GAO) and Executive Branch requirements.   In addition,
the Agency is  establishing more  vigorous  software engineering  standards as part of
a program to assure cost-effective performance by ADP systems contractors.


1985 Accompljshments

     In 1985,  the  Agency obligated a total of  $6,606,500  supported by 136.3 total
workyears for this program, all  of  which  was  from the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.  During  1985,  particular emphasis was placed  on improving  the Agency's
enforcement and  hazardous   waste  Information  systems.   In  addition,  the  Agency
updated Its  accounting   systems  in response to  GAO requirements and  strengthened
internal controls in the Agency payroll and accounts receivable systems.
                                       MS-64

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OFFICE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MAHAGEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of $1,151,100  supported by 23.5  total  workyears
for this program, all  of which will  be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an  Increase  of $9,700 and a  decrease  of 1.5 total  workyears  from
1986.  The decrease 1n  workyears  reflects a lower workyear need  due to completion
of the initial planning phases of career development and workforce planning activi-
ties.  The Increase reflects  adjustments to the 1986  base  as part  of  government-
wide deficit  reductions.  This  level  of funding will  allow the  Agency  to continue
its initiative to develop its workforce to meet future needs and skill mix require-
ments.  Also,  the  Office of  Human Resources Management will  continue  to  design
and Implement  a  comprehensive  program  to   focus  On  career  and  organizational
development, workforce planning, and senior executive management.


1986Program

     In 1986,  the  Agency is  allocating a total  of $1,141,400  supported by  25.0
total workyears for this  program,  all  of  which  is from the  Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.  These  resources  are being used  to  build  a total-  career develop-
ment system at  EPA  and provide workforce planning and  management  guidance to  help
EPA anticipate  Its  hiring "and retraining  needs.   A  training  institute  is  being
established to use  In-house employees  to meet part of the Agency's  training  needs.
In addition, these  resources  are used  to perform  personnel  operations  for  Senior
Executive Service  (SES)  members  and  to  develop  a  human  resources  information
system.


1985Accomplishments

     In 1985,  the Agency  obligated a  total  of $1,131,400 supported  by 23.7 total
workyears for this program, all of  which was  from the Salaries and Expenses  appro-
priation.  During this  first  full year of program operation, work  began on  career
development programs  for  the  Agency's  scientific,  technical,  and  managerial  em-
ployees.  Workforce planning  pilot  studies  were  Initiated,  and personnel  opera-
tions for the Senior Executive Service were Improved.
                                       MS-65

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  Regional
Management
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT

   REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
       Regi onal Management	MS-66
          Resource Management - Regions	 MS-70
          Financial Management - Regions....	 MS-71
          Personnel Management - Regions	 MS-71
          Administrative Management - Regions.............	 MS-72
          Regi onal Management	 MS-73
          Regi onal Counsel	MS-73
          Planning, Evaluation 8 Analysis - Regions...	 MS-74
                                      MS-66

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REGIONAL HANASEMENT
Regional Management

ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM .
Resource Management -
Regions
Salaries ft Expenses
TOTAL
Financial Management -
Regions
Salaries 8 Expenses
TOTAL
Personnel Management -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Administrative
Management -Regions
Salaries A Expenses
TOTAL
Regional Management
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Regldnal Counsel
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$1,396.2
$1,396.2
$2,733.7
$2,733.7
$3,293.1
$3,293.1
$5,713.0
$5,713.0
$9,710.6
$9,710.6
$3,568.9
$3,568.9
$1,537.7
$1,537.7
$2,816.6
$2,816.6
$3,228.1
$3,228.1
$5,512.9
$5,512.9
$9,053.5
$9,053.5
$3,745.7
$3,745.7
$1,638.7
$1,638.7
$2,771.7
$2,771.7
$3,148.8
$3,148.8
$5,608.7
$5,608.7
$9,351.3
$9,351.3
$3,772.2
$3,772.2
-$70.5
-$70.5
-$119.2
-$119.2
-$135.3
-$135.3
-$241.2
-$241,2
-$402. 1
-$402.1
-$162.2
-$162.2
$1,568.2
$1,568.2
$2,652.5
$2,652.5
$3,013.5
$3,013.5
$5,367.5
$5,367.5
$8,949.2
$8,'949.2
$3,610.0
$3,610.0
$1,547.2
$1,547.2
$2,693.4
$2,693.4
$3,015.1
$3,015.1
$5,492.5
$5,492.5
$9,389.7
$9,389.7
$3,827.0
$3,827.0
-$21.0
-$21.0
$40.9
$40.9
$1.6
$1.6
$125.0
$125.0
$440.5
$440.5
$217.0
$217.0

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                                              REGIONAL MANAGEMENT

                                              Regional Management

                                  ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE   INCREASE +
                                   1985     ESTIMATE     1986       BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987     DECREASE -
                                              1986                 REDUCTION     1986               1987 VS 1986
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Planning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
Salaries ft Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Management TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKVEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Personnel Management -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
Regional Management
Regional Counsel
Planning, Evaluation 8
$2,358.5
$2,358.5
$28,774.0
$28,774.0
36.5
87.3
96.0
158.0
182.7
72.8,
54.0
$2,640.2
$2,640.2
$28,534.7
$28,534.7
38.1
84.1
84.2
151.6
179.8
72.8
57,6
$2,525.6
$2,525.6
$28,817.0
$28,817.0
38.8
83.4
85.0
152.9
173.2
73.4
54.8
-$108.6 $2,417.0
-$108.6 $2,417.0
-$1,239.1 $27,577.9
-$1,239.1 $27,577.9
38.8
83.4
85.0
152.9
173.2
73.4
54.8
$2,432.1
$2,432.1
$28,397.0
$28,397,0
37.8
81.6
83.2
149.6
172.9
73.4
54.0
$15. 1
$15.1
$819. 1
$819.1
-1.0
-1.8
-1.8
-3.3
-.3

-.8
Analysis - Regions
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
687.3
668.2
661.5
661.5
652.5
-9.0

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REGIONAL MANAGEMENT



Regional Management


TOTAL WORKYEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Personnel Management -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
Regional Management
Regional Counsel
Planning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
TOTAL WORK YEARS
ACTUAL
1985

40.7
99.0
110. 3
184.4
220.4
78.9
59.8
793.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
42.5
92.6
95.9
170.9
198.2
80.2
61. 1
741.4
ENACTED BALANCED CURRENT
1986 BUDGET ESTIMATE
REDUCTION 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
42.5,
92.6
95.9
170.9
194.9
80.2
61.1
738.1

42.5
92.6
95.9
170.9
194.9
80.2
61.1
738.1
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1987 DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986

41.5
90.8
94.1
167.6
194.5
80.2
60.1
728.8

-1.0
-1.8
-1.8
-3.3
-.4

-1.0
-9.3

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


                                Regional Management
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $28,397,000 supported by 728.R total  workvears
for 1987, an increase of. $819,100 and a decrease of 9.3 total workyears from 1986.
All of the request 1s for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.

Program Description

     This program contains the following program elements:

     ResourceManagement - Regions —  This component provides resources to develop
Regional budgets and operating plans, participate in the workload analysis process,
manage current year resources, and enhance resource management and control in the
Regions.

     Financia1 Manageroent - Regions —  This component provides financial  accounting
and r epo rt i ng servltes Ydr the Regfonal offices.

     Personnel Management-Regions -- This component provides basic personnel ser-
vices, including staffing, cfassification, and training to the Regio'nal offices.

     Administrati ye Management - Regions —  This component includes mini-computer
systems management, library support, safety, security, printing and copying, facili-
ties management, small purchases, and other administrative functions.

     Regional Management --.  This component includes the Regional Administrators
and their immediate staffs, as well as the basic staff functions of Civil  Rights.

     Regional Counsel —  This component includes the Offices of Regional  Counsel
which assist the Regional Administrators in ensuring that their decisions  are
legally defensible  and consistent with national legal interpretations.  They
represent the Regional office in defensive litigation activities; review Regional
rulemakings; assist States in obtaining delegation of programs; and support the
Regional enforcement litigation program.

     Planning,  Evaluation,  and Analysis - Regions --  This component  includes
resources that provide analytical support to the Regional Administrators to assure
the efficient and effective operation of EPA Regions.  Activities include planning,
accountability reporting, program evaluation, economic analysis, management, and
Regional participation in EPA's regulatory process.


RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $1,547,200 supported by 41.5 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
a decrease of $21,000 and 1.0 total workyear from 1986.  The decrease in resources
results from the increased use of office automation.  This level of funding sup-
ports Regional resource management and control activities including budget and
operating plan development and workload analysis.  In addition, these resources
will allow the Regional offices to continue implementing the Federal Managers'
Financial Integrity Act and further strengthen funds control.
                                      MS-70

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1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,568,200 supported by 42.5
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to conduct budgeting and resource analysis functions
in the ten Regional offices.


     Accownl II shm_ent_s_
     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $1,396,200 supported by 40.7 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  These
resources allowed Regional Administrators to effectively and efficiently manage
their resources and operating plan processes.


FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $2,693,400 supported by 90.8 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
an increase of $40,900 and a decrease of 1.8 total workyears from 1986.  The de-
crease in total workyears reflects improved productivity resulting from the empha-
sis on automation of basic finance functions including the automation of various
payroll activities and implementation of the Treasury's letter of credit payment
system.  The dollar increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of
government-wide deficit reductions.  This level of funding will allow the Financial
Management Offices to provide basic financial services and maintain ongoing finan-
cial  management functions.  The Financial Management Offices will continue to
provide accounting, payment processing, billings and collections for grants,
travel, payroll, contracts, purchase orders, and all other financial transactions,
as well as payroll support and general ledger activities.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,652,500 supported by 92.6
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to provide the Regions with accounting, payment
processing, payroll support, financial reporting services, and comprehensive finan-
cial  management.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $2,733,700 supported by 99.0 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  With
these resources, the Financial  Management Offices provided a full range of finan-
cial  management services including the implementation of the Diners Club Program,
Automated payroll data entry system, and Treasury's letter of credit payment system.


PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $3,015,100 supported by 94.1 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
an increase of $1,600 and a decrease of 1.8 total workyears from 1986.  The decrease
in resources reflects an anticipated reduced rate of hiring during 1987.  The
dollar increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
                                    MS-71

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deficit reductions.  The resources provided will allow Regional Personnel Offices
to meet basic regulatory requirements and maintain current service levels.  These
services include processing recruitment and classification actions, entering data
and updates to the Agency's payroll system, providing advisory services and re-
organization reviews, administering the grievance system, negotiation with unions,
and managing the Performance Management and Recognition System.


19.8.6
     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,013,500 supported by 95.9
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to process recruitment, staffing and classification
actions, perform position management and pay administration, process personnel
and payroll transactions, administer grievance system and disciplinary action
procedures, provide employment development and training, consult and negotiate
with local unions, conduct special studies, and advise Regional managers on the
above functions.


198 5 Ac compl i s hment s

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,293,100 supported by 110.3 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  With
these resources, the Regional Personnel Offices provided ongoing personnel services
to support the accomplishment of the Regions' program operations and goals, with
emphasis on staffing needs for the Hazardous Waste program, better training pro-
grams for Regional employees, and initiation of human resources management programs.


ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $5,492,500 supported by 167.6 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
an increase of $125,000 and a decrease of 3.3 total workyears from 1986.  The
decrease in total workyears reflects cost savings from productivity improvements
and the use of contractors for support services.  The dollar increase reflects
adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government -wide deficit reductions.  These
resources will allow the Regions to provide administrative management services
that include maintaining administrative information systems and minicomputer opera-
tions, ensuring effective ADP operations support for Regional programs, managing
word  processing  equipment and ADP systems acquisition, maintaining Regional
library operations, coordinating Regional records management* directing contract-
ing'and purchasing activities, ensuring the safety and security of Regional per-
sonnel, managing property and supplies, providing general office services and
providing program management for all support services.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,367,500 supported by 170.9
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources are being used to provide the Regions with administrative manage-
ment activities in the areas of information management, small purchases and pro-
curements, health and safety, and facilities support.
                                      MS-72

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1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total of $5,713,000  supported  by 184.4 total
workyears, all of  which was  from  the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation.   With
these resources,  the Regions  provided  a  full  complement of  administrative manage-
ment services  including  strengthened  contracts  management.   In  addition,  they
began Implementation of  Information management plans, Including the  Increased use
of personal computers,  and Integrated electronic telecommunications lines to achieve
cost savings and productivity gains.


REGIONAL MANAGEMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of  $9,389,700 supported  by  194.5  total  workyears,
all of which  will be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.   This represents
an Increase  of $440,500 and a decrease  of 0.4 in total workyears  from  1986.  The
decrease in total workyears  results from a reduction  in  administrative  personnel.
The dollar  Increase will  facilitate  improved  environmental  policy  coordination
between the  Regions and  the States.  The  budget request  will enable  the Regional
offices to  continue to  shape and  articulate  policy  for  State  and  local  govern-
ments; respond to Inquiries from Congress, the news media and the public; establish
regular communications  with  public  interest,  environmental  and business  groups;
and maintain  Equal  Employment  Opportunity and  Freedom  of Information  programs.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency 1s  allocating  a total  of $8,949,200 supported  by  194.9
total workyears,  all  of  which is  from  the  Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.
Basic press  services  and media relations  activities are  being maintained  as well
as policy  guidance  and  executive direction  for the Region  as a whole.  The program
will continue  the processing  of  Freedom  of   Information  (FOI)  requests,  issuing
critical news releases,  maintaining a regional  Equal Employment  Opportunity pro-
gram, responding  to  Congressional   Inquiries,  *and   coordinating  EPA  involvement
in major State environmental  issues.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total of $9,710,600  supported  by 220.4 total
workyears, all of  which was  from  the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation.   This
program provided  support  for  the  Regional   Administrators  and  their  immediate
staffs, as well as  for the basic staff  functions  of public  affairs,  Congressional
and intergovernmental   activities,  and the  equal  employment  opportunity function.


REGIONAL COUNSEL

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a  total  of $3,827,000 supported  by 80.2  total  workyears,
all of which  will  be  for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.   This represents
an increase  of $217,000 and no change in  total workyears  from 1986.   The Increase
provides for additional personnel  and support costs.

     The Offices of Regional  Counsel will  continue to handle all defensive litiga-
tion involving principally Regional  Issues.   They will provide  advice and counsel
to Regional programs;  review Regional ruleinaking  actions; assist States by reviewing
State program delegation's and  advising  State agencies on  obtaining  adequate legal
                                        MS-73

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authorities; and support Agency contract and assistance programs through resolution
of grant appeals! bid protests, and debarment and suspension actions.  Special
emphasis will be placed on providing legal support to the reauthorized Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocatinn n total of $3,610,000 supported hv Rfl.5?
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Offices of Regional Counsel handle all defensive litigation involving prin-
cipally Regional issues .  They provide advice and counsel to Regional programs;
review Regional rulemaking actions; and assist States by reviewing State program
delegations and advising State agencies on obtaining adequate legal authorities.
Additionally, the Regional Counsels continue to support Agency contract and assis-
tance programs through resolution of grant appeals, bid protests, and debarment
suspension actions.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated a total of $3,568,900 supported by 78.9 total
workyears, all of which was from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  In
1985, the Regional Counsels supported Agency priorities by providing legal advice
and support to Regional managers and defending the Agency in all litigation filed
against it.  They also advised on actions such as grants, contracts, and personnel
actions.  Additionally, Regional Counsel activities included advising State agen-
cies on the legal requirements for assuming environmental protection programs,
assisting in drafting appropriate regulatory language, and helping negotiate and
document the terms of delegation agreements.


PLANNING. EVALUATION. AND ANALYSIS - REGIONS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $2,432,100 supported by 60.1 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries -and Expenses appropriation.  This represents
an increase of $15,100 and a decrease of 1.0 total workyear from 1986.  The work*
year decrease results from less emphasis on Regional economic analysis.  The
dollar increase reflects adjustments to the 1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions.

     This funding will provide the Regional Administrators with the planning,
evaluation and analysis support needed to successfully manage the Regional offices.
Support will include directing Regional resources to carry out  specific management
objectives identified in the Strategic Planning and Management  System.  Managing
for environmental results will entail evaluating Regional, State, and local
efforts to manage groundwater contamination problems and surveying alternatives
to land disposal of hazardous waste.  The Regional offices also will provide
inter-media perspectives on cross-cutting issues, such as review and evaluation
of inter-media non-point source programs and development of a strategy for dealing
with those problems.  In addition, they will continue to shift  Regional programs
from an implementation to an oversight role and integrate data which provides the
basis for environmental decision-making and cost-effective use  of resources, as
evidenced in the State Pilot Projects for Improved Environmental Decision Making.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,417,000 supported by 61.1
total workyears, all of which is from the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
With these resources, the Regions are focusing on automating a  priority regula-
                                      MS-74

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ttons system governing participation  in  Agency rulemaking and reviews of  proposed
significant policy documents;  coordinating and  evaluating the  implementation  of
the Agency's Performance-Based  Grants Policy; developing performancebased  grants
and Integrating them  into  comprehensive  mid-year evaluations  of  state  program
performance; and providing  support to the Air,  Water,  and Resource  Conservation
and Recovery  Act  programs  to  develop  and  Implement  Integrated  strategies  to
streamline Regional efforts and  achieve  environmental   results.   They  also  are
participating with other  Agency offices  in the  State  Pilot Projects  for  Improved
Environmental Decision-Making  currently  underway in  Oregon, Kansas, Kentucky,  New
Jersey, and Maryland.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total of $2,358,500 supported by  59.8 total
workyears, all   of  which  was  from  the  Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation,  to
conduct the  planning, evaluation,  and  analysis  functions in  the  ten  Regional
offices.  The Regions  concentrated on managing for  environmental  results, improving
the annual planning process  and utilizing  environmental  objectives  in  the planning
process, refining  accountability   systems,  analyzing  weaknesses in  the  Agency's
monitoring programs,  improving  monitoring  data,  developing monitoring strategies,
Implementing the Delegation  and  Oversight Policy  for  State Programs, and  regulatory
reform.
                                       MS-75

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Support Costs
     SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT

   SUPPORT COSTS
       Support Costs.	 MS-77
          Prof essi onal  Trai ni ng	.	 *	 MS-79
          Nationwide Support Services.......	»	 MS-80
          Headquarters Support Services	 MS-80
          Regional Support Services.....	 MS-81
          Automated Data Processing and Telecommunications Support Costs... MS-82
          Lab Support - Research & Development.	MS-82
          Lab Support - Air & Radiation..........................	 MS-83
          Lab Support - Pesticides & Toxic Substances....	MS-83
                                     MS-76

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SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs


PROGRAM
Professional Training
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
ACTUAL
1985

$440.5
$440.5
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
(DOLLARS
$497,4
$497.4
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
IN THOUSANDS)
$500.0
$500.0
-$21.5
-$21.5
$478.5
$478.5
$520.4
$520.4
$41.9
$41.9
Nationwide Support
Services
  Salaries & Expenses
  Operations, Research
  and Facilities
        $51,328.9   $55,036.4  $56,111.4
            $51.9
-$2,414.5   $53,696.9  $57,957.7
                       TOTAL   $51,380.8   $55,036.4  $56,111.4   -$2,414.5   $53,696.9  $57,957.7
Headquarters Support
Services
  Salaries & Expenses
Regional Support
Services
  Salaries & Expenses
Automated Data
Processing and
Tel ecorrcnuni call ons
Support Costs
  Salaries 8 Expenses
        $32,183.3   $32,585.6  $32,529.5
TOTAL   $32,183.3   $32,585.6  $32,529.5
        $24,171.5   $21,508.4  $22,981.5
TOTAL   $24,171.5   $21,508.4  $22,981.5
  1,398.8   $31,130.7  $34,660.1
  1,398.8   $31,130.7  $34,660.1.
  -$988.1   $21,993.4  $23,678.5
  -$988.1   $21s993o4  $23,678.5
        $26,362.7   $23,700.0  $23,686.2
TOTAL   $26,362.7   $23,700.0  $23,686.2
Lab Support-Research &
Hevelopment
  Salaries & Expenses
         X5,596.2    $4,631.8   $5,852.6
TOTAL    $5,596.2    $4,631,8   $5,852.6
-$1,018.6   $22,667.6  $26,552.9
-$1,018.6   $22,667.6  $26,552,9
  -$251,6    $5,601.0   $5,852.6
  -$251,6    $5,601.0   $5,852.6
$4,260.8


$4,260.8
$3,529.4
$3,529.4
                                                                                                       $1,685.1
                                                                                                       $1,685.1
                                                                                                      $3,885.3
                                                                                                      $3,885.3
                                                                                                        $251.6
                                                                                                        $251.6

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                                              ACTUAL
                                               1985
                           SUPPORT COSTS

                           Support Costs

                      BUDGET     ENACTED
                     ESTIMATE      1986
                       1986
                                 BALANCED    CURRENT    ESTIMATE  INCREASE +
                                  BUDGET     ESTIMATE     1987    DECREASE -
                                 REDUCTION     1986              1987 VS 1986
            PROGRAM
                                                          (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
!
00
            Lab Support - Air And
            Radiation
              Salaries & Expenses           $1,825.1  -  $1,753.2   $1,753.2
                                   TOTAL    $1,825.1    $1,753.2   $1,753.2
            Lab Support -
            Pesticides & Toxic
            Substances
              Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$244.6
$244.6
$251.4
 251.4
$251.4
$251.4
            TOTAL:
              Salaries & Expenses
              Operations, Research
              and Facilities
       $142,152.8  $139,964.2 $143,665.8
            $51.9
                                              -$75.3    $1,677.9   $1,753.2       $75.3
                                              -$75.3    $1,677.9   $1,753.2       $75.3
-$10.8      $240.6     $251.4       $10.8
-$10.8      $240.6     $251.4       $10.8
                                -$6,179.2  $137,486.6 $151,226.8   $13,740.2
            Support Costs
TOTAL  $142,204.7  $139,964.2 $143,665.8   -$6,179.2  $137,436.6 $151,226.8   $13,740.2

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                               MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT


                                   Support Costs
Budget Request
     The Agency requests a total of $151,226,800 for 1987, an increase of $13,740,200
from 1986.  All  of the  request  Is  for the  Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.

Program Description

     The Agency Support Service components provide funds for general  support to all
Agency programs except Superfund.  Programs under support services are:

     P rofes s ional Tra1n1ng —   This  component  provides  Agencywide  training  to
executive, supervisory, secretarial, clerical,  scientific  and technical  employees.

     Natipnwide Suppo rt Services ••  This  component  provides Agencywide  services
for the following support  functions:   facilities rental  and associated costs; pay-
ments to the U.S. Postal Service; Federal Telecommunications Service (FTS); nation-
wide security services; reimbursements  to the Federal Employees'  Compensation Fund;
payments to the Public Health Service for personnel and administrative services for
commissioned officers assigned  to EPA;  and contracts  and  Intergovernmental  Agree-
ments which support EPA's  occupational  health and safety  program, and the finance
and payroll systems,

     Headquarters Support Services --  This program  provides  office,  building, and
1n forina tlon man ag ement servi ces to Headquarters and the research center at Research
Triangle Park (RTP), North Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio.

     Regional Support Services —  This  component  provides  office,  building, and
1nformationmanagement Services for Regional offices,

     AutomatedDataLProcessing and TelecoipiunljcationsSupport Costs —   This  com-
ponentprovidescomputingand  related  dataprocessing servicesto  all Agency pro-
grams.

     lab Support -Research and Development —  This component provides support ser-
vices to the Office of  Research and  Development's  seven remote laboratories (those
located outside  Cincinnati,  and  Research  Triangle  Park).   These  costs are not
covered by the  Headquarters Support account,  which  funds  similar items  in  Head-
quarters, Cincinnati, and RTP.

     Lab Support - Air and Radiation --  This  component  provides support  services
to the  Motor Veh i c1e  Enri s s i oTisCaBoratory,  the  Eastern  Environmental  Radiation
Facility, and the Las Vegas facility.

     Lab Support - Pesticides and Toxic^ Substances — This  component  provides sup-
port services to 1aboratorles i nBeltsvf11 e, Maryland and Bay St.  Louis, Mississippi.


PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total of $520,400, all of which will  be for the Salaries
and Expenses  appropriation.   This  represents  an  increase of $41,900  from  1986.
This Increase will  cover escalated  costs for  services.  This request  will maintain
current training and  development programs  mandated by  statute  and  the  Office of
                                       MS-79

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Personnel Management (0PM).  This program also supports a  variety  of  activities  to
provide a career  development  framework for  employees*  Training  programs will  be
provided to  enhance the Agency's  scientific  and  technical  expertise, management
effectiveness, and clerical support.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency is  allocating a total of  $478,500,  all  of which is  from
the Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation.   These  funds  are being  used to  assess
training and career development  needs  and programs, to provide training for  Agency
employees, and to develop new training and  development mechanisms.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency obligated  a total  of $440,500,  all  of which  was  from the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation.   These  funds  were utilized to  provide training
in the  areas  of  supervisory  management, executive development,  clerical skills,
and technical and scientific development.


NATIONWIDE SUPPORT SERVICES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $57,957,700,  all  of  which  will  be for the
Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.  This  represents an  increase of  $4,260,800
from 1986.  The  increase  will cover  space  rental  rate increases  as  well as  cost
escalations to  service  contracts.   These  funds  will  pay  for  Agencywide support
costs including space  rental, postage, FTS and telecommunications  costs,  national
security, Code  of  Federal  Regulations  typesetting,  unemployment  compensation,
workmen's compensation, health and safety studies, and personnel  support for  Public
Health Service commissioned officers.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  1s  allocating  a total  of $53,696,900,  all  of  which  1s
from the Salaries  and  Expenses  appropriation.  These  resources  are being used  by
the Agency  to  provide  efficient  nationwide  services to the  Agency  workforce.


1985 Accompl1shments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a total   of  $51,380,800,  of which  $51,328,900
was from the  Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation and  $51,900  was   from the  Opera-
tions, Research, and Facilities  appropriation.  These  resources  allowed the  Agency
to launch several Nationwide  Support efforts  in the areas  of  space planning, tele-
communications, information  security,  and   personal  property  management.   These
resources also  assisted  Regional offices in  relocating  from abestos  contaminated
envi ronments.


HEADQUARTERS SUPPORT SERVICES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of  $34,660,100,  all  of  which will  be for  the
Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.  This   represents an  increase of  $3,529,400
from 1936.  The Increase will  cover  cost escalations  to service  contracts, as well
as rate  increases  in  a  number  of  support areas  (e.g., telephones,  utilities,
                                       MS-80

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etc.)»  These resources will provide ongoing Headquarters Support  services  Includ-
ing motor pool,  printing and copying, telephones, utilities, facilities  operations
and maintenance, mail distribution, and ADP technical  support to EPA  operations  in
Washington, Research Triangle  Park (RTP),,  North  Carolina, and  Cincinnati,  Ohio.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  Is allocating  a total  of $31,130,700,  all  of which  1s
from the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.  These  resources  are being  used  to
provide ongoing office, building, and Information  management services  to EPA opera-
tions 1n Washington, RTP,  and Cincinnati.  With  this  funding  level the Agency  is
continuing to  operate  and  manage EPA  facilities,   provide office supply/support
services, and develop,   operate  and enhance management  information  systems.   Addi-
tionally, the Agency is developing operating plans for  new delegations of  authority
for lease enforcement/bull ding operations at Headquarters facilities,  and refining
procedures for property management/inventory control.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated a total of  $32,183,300, all  of which was  from
the Salaries  and   Expenses  appropriation.   These  resources provided  basic  Head-
quarters Support  services  to EPA  operations  in  Washington,  RTP,.and Cincinnati.
In addition, these  resources  supported  the preparation of  additional   office space
in the North East  Mall, and continued implementation  of electronic security systems.


REGIONAL SUPPORT SERVICES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total  of $23,678,500,  all  of  which  will  be  for the
Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.  This  represents an  increase of  $1,685,100
from 1986  to  allow for  Increased  operating costs.  This level  of resources  will
provide the ten Regional  offices  with basic support  services  Including printing
and copying, minicomputer  operations,  utilities, mall,  telephone, library  opera-
tions, general training,  and  office  and  laboratory facility maintenance.    These
funds will   also  help  to  meet  the demand  for  technical  and  laboratory support.


1986Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  is allocating  a total  of $21,993,400,  all  of which  1s
from the Salaries  and  Expenses appropriation.  These  resources  are being  used  to
provide effective   and   efficient  office,  building,  and  information  management
services to the Regions.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency obligated a total of  $24,171,500, all  of which was  from
the Salaries  and   Expenses  appropriation.   These  funds   provided  ongoing  support
services 1n the Regions, Including improved property management and  better  safety
and security  for  EPA employees.  Also, the Regions continued  efforts to contract
out appropriate support services,  provided  minicomputer  operations  to Increase
Regional productivity,   and  in   some  Regions achieved significant  gains  through
space consolidation.
                                       MS-81

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AUTOMATED DATA PROCESSING AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS SUPPORT COSTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a total  of $26,552,900,  all  of  which  will  be for  the
Salaries and  Expenses  appropriation.  This  represents an  Increase of  $3,885,300
from 1986.  This increase will enable the Agency to continue its program to replace
obsolete computers  in  its ten Regional  offices as well  as cover  increased  costs
for computing  services.   With this  level of  resources we  will  maintain  current
computing services  in  support  of  all  Agency  programs,  exclusive of  Superfund.
These funds will  be used to  acquire, maintain  and operate computing  hardware  and
systems software at the Agency's National Computer Center;  provide  central  manage-
ment and  technical  support of  the Agency's  distributed  computing resources;  and
operate a telecommunications  network linking these  central  and  distributed  comput-
ing systems.


1986Program

     The Agency  is  allocating a total  of $22,667,600,  all of which  is from  the
Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.  These  funds  are being used to maintain cur-
rent computing services in  support  of all Agency programs,  exclusive of Superfund.
These services  include acquiring,  maintaining, and  operating  computing  hardware
and systems software  at  the Agency's National  Computer Center;  central  management
and technical  support  of  the  Agency's distributed  computing  resources;  and  operat-
ing a data  communications network  linking these central and  distributed computing
systems.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated a total  of  $26,362,700, all of which  was from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.   The Agency used these funds  to  complete
the modernization of Its  mainframe  computing systems, install more efficient tele-
communications services to the EPA Regions and  major  laboratory centers, and  begin
replacing obsolete computing systems in the EPA Regional offices,


LAB SUPPORT - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total  of $5,852,600, all of  which  will  be  for the  Sala-
ries and  Expenses   appropriation.   This   represents  an increase  of $251,600  from
1986.  The  increase  reflects Increased  operating  expenses.   Funds  provide  for
essential services required to operate and maintain ORD's seven  remote laboratories
located in  Athens,  Georgia; Ada,  Oklahoma;  Corvallis, Oregon; Duluth,  Minnesota;
Narragansett,  Rhode Island; Gulf Breeze,  Florida;  and Las  Vegas,  Nevada.  Services
Include, but are not  limited  to, facilities  operation  and  maintenance, janitorial
and guard services, local telephone services, utilities,  and  equipment operations,
maintenance, and rental costs.


J98A Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is allocating a  total  of  $5,601,000, all  of  which  is from
the Salaries  and Expenses  appropriation. ,  This   program  provides funds  for  the
operation and maintenance of ORD's seven  remote laboratories.
                                       MS-82

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1985 Accomplishments

     The Agency obligated a total  of $5,596,200, all  of which  was from the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation.   Funds  provided for the  operation and maintenance  of
remote laboratories.


LAB SUPPORT - AIR AND RADIATION

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests a total  of $1,753,200, all of  which  will  be  for the  Sala-
ries and  Expenses  appropriation.   This  represents  an  Increase  of  $75,300  from
1986.  The Increase reflects  adjustments to  the  1986 base as part of government-wide
deficit reductions.  This program will  support the Motor  Vehicle Emissions Labora-
tory (MVEL)  In  Ann Arbor, Michigan;  the  Eastern Environmental  Radiation  Facility
(EERF) in  Montgomery,  Alabama; and  the Las  Vegas radiation  facility in  Nevada.
These funds  provide  basic operation  and  maintenance  support at  these  locations.
Support provided consists of  security,  janitorial  and  maintenance  services, utili-
ties, GSA vehicles, supplies  and materials,  and communications*


1986 Program

     In 1986, the  Agency  1s  allocating  $1,677,900, all of which 1s from the  Sala-
ries and Expenses  appropriation.  The 1986  program is  providing the  same types  of
activities described  for  1987:    basic  laboratory  operations,  maintenance  and
supplies.  These activities are required on  a continuing basis.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a total  $1,825,100, all  of which  was  from  the
Salaries and Expenses  appropriation.   These  funds provided  the basic  facilities
operations and  maintenance  costs  necessary  to  operate  the three  laboratories.

                                                                      »
LAB SUPPORT - PESTICIDES AND  TOXIC SUBSTANCES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency requests  a total  of  $251,400, all  of  which will  be  for the  Sala-
ries and  Expenses  Appropriation.   This  represents  an  increase  of  $10,800  from
1986.  The increase  reflects adjustments  to the 1986  base as part of  government-
wide deficit reductions.  These funds will  be used for basic  facilities  and opera-
tions and  maintenance  costs  for the  laboratories  in  Beltsville, Maryland  and  Bay
St. Louis, Mississippi.   These  costs include utilities, security,  communications,
warehousing, custodial  services,  and building maintenance.


1986 Program                                    ,

     In 1986, the  Agency  1s   allocating a total  of $240,600  all  of which  is  from
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  The 1985 program supports the facilities,
operations, and maintenance costs of the Office of Pesticides  and Toxic Substances'
laboratories.


1985 Accomplishments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated  a total  of $244,600, all  of  which  was from  the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation.  The funds  were used to  obtain  the continued
requirements for general support and maintenance.
                                       MS-83

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Buildings and
   Facilities
     SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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10: Building Facilities

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                               1987 Budget Estimate
                                Table of Contents
                                                                            Page

BUILDINGS & FACILITIES                                                      BF-1
       Buildings & Facilities	  BF-2
          New Facilities	  BF-5
          Repairs & Improvements	  BF-6
                                     BF-I

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                                                          BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
                                          ACTUAL      BUDGET  '     ENACTED     BALANCED    CURRENT       ESTIMATE    INCREASE  +
                                           1985      ESTIMATE        1986         BUDGET     ESTIMATE        1987      DECREASE  -
                                                       1986                    REDUCTION      1986                  1987 VS  1986

                                                             (DOLLARS IN  THOUSANDS)
          APPROPRIATION
           Buildings and Facilities

          TOTAL, Buildings and
                   Facilities
$5,228.1    $5,000.0

$5,228.1    $5,000.0
$5,000.0      -$215.0     $4,785.0    $5,000.0      $215.0

$5,000.0      -$215.0     $4,785.0    $5,000.0      $215.0
7
to
          OUTLAYS
          AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
$3,872.3    $5,195.0     $5,449.5       -$55.0     $5,394.5    $8,405,5    $3,011.0
 Authorization 1s by virtue of the Appropriation Act.

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                              BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY

     The Buildings  and  Facilities  appropriation  funds  the design,  construction,
repair and  improvement  of  buildings  occupied  by EPA.  The  Agency  currently  has
ten Regional  offices,  three large  research  and  development  laboratories,  several
field stations  with  laboratory  facilities  and   a  large  Headquarters  complex.

     This program provides a safe  and  healthful work  environment  for EPA employees
by providing  for  maintenance,  repair or replacement of our facilities.   Major  ef-
forts are directed  towards implementing  intermediate and  long-range plans  which
assess alternative  housing  options for EPA  operations,  as  well  as continuing  a
repair program that  protects the  investment in EPA's  real  property  holdings.   Re-
sources are-also  used to  upgrade  and  modify current  facilities to  more  adequately
and efficently address  Agency  programs.  Particular  emphasis  will  continue to  be
placed on modifying  current facilities in  order  to  respond  to the high level  of
activity in the hazardous waste program.
                                      BF-3

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                                             RUILMNGS AND FACILITIES

                                             Building and Facilities
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMAT-F.
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BtlllGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                              (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PRQGRW

New Facilities
 Buildings A Facilities
                       TOTAL
Repairs * Improvements
 Buildings * Facilities

TOTAL:
 Buildings * Facilities
TOTAL
Building S Facilities  TOTAL
         $l,fi34.4
         $1,634.4
3,593.7
3,593.7
         $5,228.1

         $5,228.1
$5,000.0   $5,000.0
$5,000.0   $5,000.0

$5,000.0   $5,000.0

$5,000.0   $5,000.0
-$215.0    $4,785.0   $5,000.0      $215.0
-$215.0    $4,785.0   $5,000.0      $215.0

-$215.0    $4,785.0   $5,000.0      $215.0

-$215,0    $4,785.0   $5,000.0      $215.0

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                              BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES


Budget Request

     The Agency requests a total of $5,000,000 all of  which  will  be for the Build-
ings and Facilities  appropriation.   This represents  an  increase  of $215,000  from
1986.

P r og ram De sc: r1J>t1on

     This program funds the design and construction of  new EPA facilities,  as  well
as necessary  repairs  and  improvements to  buildings already  occupied by  EPA.   The
Agency is currently  upgrading  its  facilities by improving heating  and  ventilating
systems, enlarging hazardous  waste  containment  areas,  improving  fire  detection
systems, providing interior  and  exterior facility  repairs,  upgrading  electrical
systems, performing engineering and planning studies,  and making emergency repairs.
In addition, the Agency is currently  designing a  new  radiation laboratory 1n Mont-
gomery, Alabama, with construction  planned for 1987.

     This program contains the following two elements:

     New Facilit 1 es — This includes  engineering  and  design  services and  building
costs for the construction of  new Federally  owned facilities to  be  occupied  by
EPA and existing Federally owned and EPA occupied facilities.

     Repa1rsand Imp rovement s  — This covers major repairs and capital  improvements
to any  Dui 1 dings  Or  facilities  occupied by EPA.  Most  of the projects  relate  to
the correction of health and safety deficiencies, the prevention of serious deterio-
ration, and the  modification  of current  facilities  to  meet  program  requirements.


NEW FACILITIES

1987 Program Request

     The Agency 1s not requesting any funds for this activity in 1987.


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  is not allocating new funds  for this activity.   However,
we are continuing our  efforts  to design a new radiation laboratory in  Montgomery,
Alabama, design a full containment facility in Cincinnati, Ohio,  construct a wild-
life toxicology facility  1n Corvallis, Oregon, and construct a pollution abatement
facility at the Environmental   Research  Laboratory  in Narragansett, Rhode Island.
Also, we are  continuing plans and designs  for a  replacement  laboratory  in Newport,
Oregon.


1985 Accompl1shments

     In 1985, the Agency  obligated  a total of $1,634,400 for this  program,  all  of
which was from  the  Buildings  and Facilities appropriation.  These  funds  were used
to begin constructing a wildlife toxicology facility for the Environmental Research
Laboratory at Corvallis, Oregon, and a pollution  abatement facility at  the Environ-
mental Research Laboratory in Narragansett, Rhode Island.  The Agency also Initiat-
ed the design of a full containment  facility in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, and  a new radia-
tion laboratory in Montgomery, Alabama.
                                      BF-5

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REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS

1987 Program Request

     The Agency  requests  a  total  of  $5,000,000 for  this  program,  all  of  which
will be for  the Buildings and  Facilities appropriation.   This  represents an  In-
crease of $215,000  from 1986.   The Increase will  provide  for Increased  costs  for
repairs and  Improvements  1n  1987.  These funds  will  provide planning,  engineer-
Ing design,  and  construction related  to  the repair  and Improvement of  buildings
occupied by EPA.  More  specifically,  these  funds will be used to  address critical
repairs related  to  employee health  and  safety  (fire  protection  Installation);
environmental compliance  efforts   in  EPA  facilities  (asbestos  removal  and  hazar-
dous materials storage); and required alterations and repairs (electrical  distribu-
tion, air conditioning, emergency power for animal facilities).


1986 Program

     In 1986, the Agency  1s  allocating a  total  of $4,785,000 for this program,  all
of which 1s  from the Buildings  and Facilities appropriation.  These  resources  are
being utilized primarily to provide facilities maintenance  and  repair in  an effort
to prevent  further  deterioration  of  EPA  facilities;  to  Initiate  environmental
compliance activities such as asbestos and  PCB  removal;  and to  continue health  and
safety Improvements  and  modifications to facilities  reflecting  shifts in  program.
priorities and expanded space requirements.


198S Accompl1shments

     In 1985, the  Agency  obligated a  total  of  $3,593,700, all  of which  was  from
the Buildings and Facilities appropriation.  These  resources  were  used  to complete
various health and safety improvements to protect EPA employees  and provide routine
and emergency repairs at multiple sites throughout the nation.
                                      BF-6

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Construction
   Grants
    SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY



                               1987 Budget Estimate



                                Table of Contents
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS                                                         CG-1



       Construction Grants	 CG-3
                                     CG-1

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                                                               CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
ACTUAL
1985

BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986

BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTWATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987

INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                                             (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

          Appropriation              $2,400,000.0  $2,400,000.0   $600,000.0* -$25,800.0   $574,200.0*      0**      -$574,200.0

          Obligations                $2,573,964.9  $2,500,000.0 $1,400.000.0  -$25,800.0 $1,374,200.0   $108,267.0 -$1,265,933.0

          Outlays                    $2,899,742.7  $2,650,000.0 $2,820,000.0     -$258.0 $2,819,742.0 $2,355,200.0   -$464,542.0

          Authorization Levels       $2,600,000.0***   Authorization for Construction Grants expired September 30,1985, and 1s
                                      pending reauthorlzatlon.

            * An additional $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthorlzatlon.
           ** A Supplemental Appropriation request for $1,8 billion will be proposed subsequent to reauthorlzatlon,
Q         *** Authorization level Includes $200.0 million for Combined Sewer Overflow program.
to

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                                               CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
                OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY

                     The Federal  government  has provided in  excess of $40  billion  in  grants  for
                construction of  wastewater  treatment plants.   The Administration has  proposed  to
                phase out the  Federal  grant  program by  1990 and return responsibility  for  meeting
                future wastewater treatment construction needs  to State and local governments.   This
                transition of  responsibilty  was  initiated  in 1977  and  expanded  in 1981  with amend-
                ments to the  Clean Water  Act (CWA) that  encouraged delegation  of the  program  to
                States and reduced Federal  grant eligibilities.

                     Implementing the current CWA and the Administration's  proposed legislation, the
                goals of the Construction Grants  program continue to be to improve water quality and
                protect health, to reduce the discharge  of  municipal  wastewater pollutants, and  to
                ensure an effective transition  of program management and  financial  responsibility
                from the Federal Government to State and local  governments.  To meet these goals, the
                program provides  grants to  municipal  and  intermunicipal  agencies  to assist  in
                financing the  construction  of cost-effective  and  environmentally sound municipal
                wastewater treatment facilities to comply with requirements of the Clean Water Act.
                In addition  the program provides  funds to help delegated States manage the Construc-
                tion Grants program and  carry out water quality management planning  programs.  EPA
                works with the States  to ensure that funds  go to  projects  with the  greatest  water
                quality and public health  impact.  As of the  end  of 1985, 4319  projects  remained
                active.

                     During 1985, EPA proposed legislative amendments addressing issues of the Fed-
                eral role under  a transitional  program  including Federal  policy, management,  over-
                sight, and assistance to State programs.  These legislative amendments propose Fed*
                era! funding totalling  $6,000,000,000 through 1989  and,  beginning in  1986,  fund-
}                ing be  limited to ongoing  projects that  had previously  received Federal  funds.

                     To assist the transition of responsibility,  EPA is providing  essential guidance
                to implement  statutory  and  Agency  requirements; providing training  and technical
                assistance to  State  and EPA personnel  to  develop  needed  skills; helping maintain
                facilities compliance; and continuing to maintain essential oversight of State con-
                struction and  operations and maintenance programs.
                                                       OG-3

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                                CONSTRUCTION GRANTS

                                Construction Grants


Budget Request

     The Agency is not requesting funds for 1987 at this time.  Subject to enactment
of appropriate  reform legislation,  the Agency will  submit  an amended request  for
$1,800,000,000 for the  Municipal  Construction Grants  program.  This  request  will
represent an increase  of $1,225,800,000 over the  $574,200,000 currently available
from 1986 appropriations.

IP rog r am
     This program  provides  grants  to  municipal   and  inter-municipal  agencies  to
assist in financing  the construction of  cost-effective and  environmentally  sound
municipal wastewater treatment facilities and to  assist delegated  States  in  carry-
ing out their  responsibilities.   Resources  associated with the management of Con-
struction Grants  are  described  in  the  Municipal   Source  Control   subactivity.

     Statutory set-aside provisions  of  the Act have  authorized States to  reserve
up to four percent of their authorization or $400,000, whichever is greater,  primar-
ily to manage delegated activities.   Clean  Water  Act  Amendments proposed  by  EPA in
1985 would eliminate State  set-asides for water quality management planning,  Innova-
tive/Alternative technologies and rural  communities.   All  grants  for  assisting in
the construction  of  wastewater treatment  facilities are to  be awarded  on  the basis
of a State's priority system, which is designed to ensure  that funds are awarded to
projects with the greatest potential for improving water quality.

     The 1981 Amendments to the Clean Water Act increased non-Federal responsibility
for financing construction  from  25% to  45%  for awards made  beginning in 1985  while
maintaining the share for  already started phased  or  segmented  projects at  25 per-
cent.  Grantees must demonstrate  prior to award that the most economical alternative
has been selected, including  construction,  operation, maintenance, and replacement
costs.  Value engineering  review became mandatory for  projects  above  $10 million;
Additionally, engineering firms  must oversee a project's first year of  operation to
help ensure  that   it meets  design  and  permit specifications.    Other  provisions
designed to  make  projects  more  cost  effective  included eliminating funding  to
jconstruct reserve  capacity,  limiting  project  eligibilities beginning  in  1985, and
providing for  State  discretion  on  certain  funding eligibilities.  EPA is  working
with all States to continue ensuring  optimum delegation and  effective State  over-
sight.


CONSTRUCTION GRANTS

1987 Program Request

     No 1987  budget  request is  made at  this  time.  However,  once  appropriate re-
form legislation  is  enacted, the  Agency will submit  an  amended  request totaling
$1,800,000,000.  This represents  an  increase of $1,225,800,000 over the  $574,200,000
currently available  from the  1986 Continuing  Resolution.   Consistent  with the need
to honor  previous funding  commitments,  the  Administration  continues to  support
passage of  legislation  to  limit funding  to  ongoing  projects  that   have  already
received Federal funding, i.e.,  no new starts.
                                       CG-4

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1986 Program

     The Agency  is  allocating a  total   of  $574,200,000 from  the 1986  Continuing
Resolution to  fund  both new projects and phased  or segmented  projects.   Congress
has also reserved $1,800,000 to be made  available  in a  future  appropriations  bill.
The Agency estimates  gross  obligations of $1,880,000.000,  predominantly  from pre-
vious years'  authority, and  net  outlays  of approximately $2 820,000,000.  A  total
of 148  step  3 and  step 2 and  3  grant  awards  are being made resulting in  2,849
active construction projects at the end of 1986.


1985 Accompli shments

     In 1985, net construction grants  obligations  totaled $2,105,000,000,  and sup-
ported 476 Step  3 and 2+3  grant  awards.   This funding  resulted in 4319 active pro*-
jects at the end of 1985.  During the year, construction was completed on 833 pro-
jects.  Federal outlays totaled $2,899,742,700.
                                        GG-5

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Superfund
   SECTION TAB

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Page Intentionally Blank

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                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                               1987 Budget Estimate

                                Table of Contents
SUPERFUND                                                                   SF-1

   OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
       Cont i ngency PI an..	,.»..»..,	,	 SF-4
       Hazardous Substance Response	 SF-5
       Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency.....	 SF-6
       Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement..........	 SF-6
       Hazardous Substance Research	 SF-7
       Hazardous Substance Management and Support...	 SF-8
                                     SF-1

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APPROPRIATION
                                                   SUPERFUND
ACTUAL
1985
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1986
ENACTED
1986
BALANCED
BUDGET
REDUCTION
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1986
ESTIMATE
1987
INCREASE
DECREASE -
1987 VS 1986
                                            (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Substances
Response Trust Fund

TOTAL, Superfund
$480,405.2  $900,000.0   $900,000.0   -$38,700.0   $861,300.0 $1,050,000.0  $188,700.0


$480,405.2  $900,000.0   $900,000.0   -$38,700.0   $861,300.0 $1,050,000.0  $188,700.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL I'ORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
   1,237.2     1,556.2      1,556.2                   1,556.2      1,556.2
   1,350.3     1,716.0      1,716.0                   1,716.0      1,716.0
$360,311.6  $670,000.0   $480,000.0    -$7,590.0   $472,410.0   $770,800.0  $298,390.0
Taxing authority, which is the major source of funding for this program expired on
September 30, 1985.  Fundtng for both 1986 and 1987 1s contingent on reauthorization.

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                                                                 SUPERFUNO

                                                  Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund

                                               ACTUAL     BUDGET     ENACTED    BALANCED    CURRENT     ESTIMATE   INCREASE  +
                                                 1985     ESTIMATE       1986      BUDGET     ESTIMATE      1987     DECREASE  -
                                                            1986                 REDUCTION      1986               1987 VS  1986

                                                            (DOLLARS  IN  THOUSANDS)

             PROGRAM
             Hazardous Substance
             Response Trust Fund
              Hazardous Substances          $480,405.0   $900,000.0  $900,000.0   -$38,700.0   $861,300.0  $1050,000.0 $188»700.0
                                    TOTAL   $480,405.0   $900,000.0  $900,000.0   -$38,700.0   $861,300.0  $1050,000.0 $188,700.0


             TOTAL:
              Hazardous Substances          $480,405.0   $900,000.0  $900,000.0   -$38,700»0   $861,300.0  $1050,000.0 $188,700.0
g>
X            Hazardous Substance    TOTAL   $480,405.0   $900,000.0  $900,000.0   -$38,700.0   $861,300.0  $1050,000.0 $188,700.0
             Response Trust Fund


              PERMANENT WORKYEARS
              Hazardous  Substance               1,237.2      1,556.2     1,556.2                 1,556.2     1,556.2
              Response Trust  Fund

              TOTAL  PERMANENT WORKYEARS         1,237.2      1,556.2     1,556.2                 1,556.2     1,556.2


              TOTAL HORKYEARS
              Hazardous Substance               1,350.3      1,716.0     1,716.0                  1,716.0     1,716.0
              Response Trust Fund

              TOTAL WDRKYEARS                   1,350.3      1,716.0     1,716.0                  1,716.0     1,716.0

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                                     SUPERFUND


OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY

     The Comprehensive  Environmental  Response,  Compensation,  and  Liability  Act
(CERCIA) of 1980,  commonly  known  as Superfund,  charges  the Agency  with the  re-
sponsibility for  providing  emergency  response  for  hazardous  substances  released
into the environment  and  the cleanup of  inactive  hazardous  waste disposal  sites.
The major, emphasis of the Superfund program will continue to be to  stabilize immi-
nent threats  at  hazardous waste  sites and  to implement the  necessary  long-term
remedial response actions.   The Hazardous Substance  Response  Trust Fund  finances
the required activities to implement  CERCLA primarily through excise taxes  levied
on oil  and  chemical  manufacturers.   The  authority to  collect  taxes  expired  on
September 30,  1935.

     The 1987  request is  based on the  Administration's  reauthorization  proposal
and represents a  continuing  major  investment in  addressing the  serious  environ-
mental and human  health problems  caused  by hazardous substance releases  and  inac-
tive hazardous waste disposal sites.  The  request  provides $1,050  million  supported
by 1,716 workyears to continue Superfund  cleanup activities.

     As authorized under CERCLA, the  Agency  will  respond  to releases of  hazardous
substances,  pollutants, and contaminants  by either a removal or remedial  action  or
by  compelling responsible   parties  to   undertake  the  response  action.   Removal
actions are generally  short-term  responses  taken to  abate an  immediate  threat
posed by the  uncontrolled  release  of hazardous  substances  at sites or spills  into
the air, land,  or water.  Remedial  actions   involve  long-term  and more  permanent
remedies taken instead  of, or in addition to,  removal  actions,  the program  will
continue  to select  sites for  remedial  action from the National  Priorities  List
(NPL)  and  to undertake all    response actions  in accordance  with  the   National
Contingency Plan.

     While the Agency has the  primary responsibility  for  implementing the program,
CERCLA and Executive  Order 12316 provide  a  ctear mandate  for  the Agency to  work
closely with a variety  of other Federal   agencies  and  the  States  to carry out  the
Act.

     The Agency  undertakes  five  major  activities  in implementing  the  Superfund
program:  Hazardous Substance  Response, Interagency  Support, Enforcement,  Research
and Development,  and  Management and  Support.   The effective integration  of  these
activities involves  close  cooperation among  various Agency offices,  the  States,
and other Federal agencies with specific  program responsibilities.


CONTINGENCY PLAN

     On  September 30,  1985,  the taxing  authority   of   Superfund  expired.   In
anticipation that ^authorization  would  not  occur  by  October  1,  1985, the  Agency
developed a contingency plan to ensure that  the  Agency  could maintain  sufficient
funding to continue   operation  of  the Superfund  program  in 1986*  On  August  14,
1985, the  Administrator implemented  the Superfund  Contingency  Plan  by  stopping
planned  obligations  for new  remedial  design and  construction activities.   Other
remedial and all  removal  activities  continued.   This delayed work at 57  sites  and
was the primary reason the Agency was able to carry over approximately $185 million
for use in 1986.  The available funding has  increased  by  approximately  $20 million
in  1986 through  additional   revenues  gained from  cost recovery,  interest,  and
residual taxes.

     The available funding is sufficient  to maintain the Agency's  workforce through
1986 and provide  funding  for six  months  of reduced  program  operations.   The  basic
strategy underlying the  Contingency Plan  is  that  the  earlier,  less costly  phases
of long term  cleanup  and  the contract and personnel infrastructure of  the program
should be supported to the maximum extent  practicable  so that program momentum  can
he restored quickly  following  reauthorization.  Specifically,  the plan calls  for
                                     SF-4

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1) maintaining the  current  workforce for the  entire  year to allow the  program  to
work toward  finishing  ongoing site  work  and  to  ensure that no  momentum is  lost
once reauthorization occurs;  ?)  ensuring adequate  funding for emergency  response
actions; 3)  continuing incremental  funding for  ongoing  remedial  site work;  4)
pursuing an aggressive enforcement program so that long-term cleanup can be  initi-
ated by  responsible  parties;  and  5)  maintaining the  necessary  support  contracts
for'analytical, technical, and program support.

     Any work beyond this plan in  1986 is contingent  upon  additional funding  being
made available through a  reauthorization  of  the taxing  authority  of  Superfund.


Hazardous Substance Response

     The Hazardous Substance  Response program  is responsible for protecting  human
health and the environment  from  the  dangers associated with releases  of hazardous
substances into the environment  by providing the necessary funding and  support  to
undertake short-term emergency responses and long-term site cleanup.  The activi-
ties include  responding to  spills and emergency  releases of hazardous  substances
and conducting remedial work  at  abandoned  and  uncontrolled hazardous  waste  sites.

     The Agency coordinates  an  emergency response  program to deal  with the  most
serious hazardous  substance  spills   and  site   emergencies where  the  responsible
party or State and local  governments  are unable  to  respond adequately.  The  Agency
also conducts a comprehensive program to evaluate all  known hazardous  waste  sites,
to establish  priorities  for  remedial  response,   and  to undertake the  appropriate
remedy at as many sites as possible.

     The emphasis  in   1987  will  be  to  restore  program momentum  and  implement  a
balanced program to ensure that environmental threats  posed by sites  are addressed
as quickly and effectively as possible.   The funds requested, together  with antici*
pated unobligated balances  from  1986, will  ensure that the Agency is  able to  com-
mence remedial action  at  most sites where  design  work is completed  prior  to  or
during the year.  The Agency will  be  implementing programmatic changes to  speed  up
the remedial  process and  to improve  both  the management and technical  performance
of the  remedial  program.   Also,  the  Agency will  place an emphasis  on  selecting
alternative technologies,  when they are cost-effective,  as  part of on-site remedies.
At least one  alternative  to land disposal  will  be evaluated as part of  the  remedy
selection process at each  site.

     The request  for  1987 will   also ensure  an adequate level of   resources  to
support  activities  that   complement  direct   response   actions.  The  Agency's
Environmental Response Team will  continue  to provide training and  technical support
to Agency, State, and  local  government  personnel.  Also,  the Agency will  continue
to develop a system for collecting comprehensive national  notification  and response
data on accidental  releases of  oil   and hazardous   substances.   The   program  will
establish mechanisms to facilitate  the transfer  of  research and other  technical
information  among  decision-makers with emphasis on  the   transfer of   information
concerning  alternative   technologies to  land   disposal.  Activities  under the
Chemical Emergency Preparedness Program (part  of  the  Agency's Air Toxics strategy)
will focus on providing training and technical  assistance to  States  and  priority
areas.  The  Agency will   also carry  out  simulations  and  exercises   to  evaluate
contingency plans, preparedness,  and response operations.

     In 1986, emergency  actions  are  being   conducted  under  the   contingency  plan,
which is in  effect  until  the Superfund taxing authority  is  reauthorized.  Actions
are being taken  in those situations  where the  Agency must respond to  threats  to
human health  or the  environment.  The Agency  expects  to  assume  a greater role  in
1987 by expanding the  definition  of  emergency  response to include threats of re-
Teases.  This  should  help  to prevent  actual   releases  of  hazardous  substances.
Broader language contained in the  revised National  Contingency Plan will result  in
a greater number  of  National  Priorities  List  (NPL) sites  being targeted for  emer-
gency response actions.   New  remedial activities in  1986  have  had to he  severely
curtailed under the Contingency Plan pending reauthorization.
                                         SP-5

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     The Agency responded  to 196  hazardous  spills and  site  emergencies in  1985,
approximately equal to the 204 Agency  response  actions  in  1984.   Other accomplish-
ments in 1985 under the  Agency's  long-term cleanup program include the  completion
of preliminary assessments  at 5,137 sites  and  more detailed  site assessments  at
1,616 sites.  In addition,  the  Agency  initiated Fund-financed remedial  investiga-
tions/feasibility studies  (RI/FS)  at  115  sites,  Fund-financed  remedial  designs
(RD) at 16 sites,  and Fund-financed remedial  actions  (RA) at  5  sites.


Haza rd ou s Substance Resgpnse *• Int e ragency

     CERCLA requires the Federal  government  to  implement a coordinated  program  to
respond to  spills   of  hazardous  substances and  abandoned or uncontrolled  waste
sites containing  hazardous  substances.   To this  end,  the  following  agencies
provide support to  EPA:   Department of Health  and  Human  Services, Department  of
Justice, Department of Transportation, Department of  Commerce,  Federal  Emergency
Management Agency,  Department of Labor, and Department  of Interior.

     Executive Order 12316,  signed by  the President  in August 1981,  requires EPA
to manage an  interagency  budget process which  culminates in a consolidated  budget
for all the agencies that  support the Superfund program.  The activities of  other
Federal agencies are  divided into two basic categories.  The first  category in-
cludes those  activities  which are episodic in  nature  and taken  in direct  support
of specific  site  or  spill  response actions.   With  the  exception  of the  Federal
Emergency Management Agency,  these actions are  financed  on  a reimbursable  basis
from the  funds  appropriated  to the  Hazardous  Spill  and Site  Response  program.-
The second category  of other Federal  agency involvement  is  support  for  on-going
activities which are  generally not  incident-specific.   These activities  include
developing program   policies  and  guidance,  conducting  health  research,  training
response personnel, litigating  civil  and  criminal  cases,  and  providing  scientific
and technical advice to EPA  on-scene  coordinators.   All  funds  are provided  through
transfer allocation accounts  with  the  exception of the  United States Coast  Guard
(USCG),  Funds are  transferred to  the USCG on a  reimbursable  basis.

     In 1987,  other  Federal  agencies will  resume  the  full  scope  of  ongoing
activities consistent with  the  direction  in  the Executive order.  As  part   of the
Superfund  Contingency  Plan, other  Federal  agencies participating  in  the  Super-
fund program are limiting their 1986 activities  to  those determined  to be essential
and consistent with the Agency's.   New projects  proposed in 1986  are being deferred
until- new authorizing legislation  is signed.  Major  interagency  activities  in 1985
included: conducting on-going health  related  studies,  litigating  civil and cost
recovery cases, operating the National  Response Center,  ensuring  worker health and
safety, and providing relocation assistance and  training.


Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement

     The Hazardous  Substance  Response  Enforcement  program  protects  human  health
and the environment by securing privately-financed  response to  actual  or threatened
releases of hazardous  substances.  The program  pursues privately-financed response
for the cleanup  of hazardous waste  sites and  for the recovery  of funds spent  on
Federal response actions.

     To  accomplish  its  mission, the  enforcement   program   provides   legal and
technical support  for  negotiations for privately-financed response;  develops and
executes  CERCLA Section  106  orders  to  compel   responsible party   response; and
initiates civil, criminal, and CERCLA  Section 107  cost, recovery  cases for referral
to the Department  of Justice (DOJ).  The  program also  provides technical  and  legal
support for ongoing  cases filed  by  DOJ  on  behalf of the Agency  and reviews and
comments on State  Lead enforcement actions.  The  National Enforcement  Investiga-
tions Center  (NEIC) provides  specialized  technical support for  cases-filed  under
CERCLA and provides evidence  audit and  case management support for  major Superfund
actions.

     In 1987, the  Agency  will continue to  focus  its enforcement efforts on  those
sites included on  the  NPL  where  administrative actions  are  most likely  to  result


                                     SF-6

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in privately-financed response actions.  This will  be achieved through  negotiation,
issuance of  administrative  orders,  and, where  necessary,  judicial  action.   The
Regions will  continue devoting  effort  to  the  ground water protection  strategy
where it  involves  CERCLA issues.   Resources  will  also  he  devoted to  additional
civil referrals and expected  increases  in  remedial  actions as RI/FS are  completed
on CERCLA  sites.   Headquarters will develop  guidance specifically targeted to  1)
expeditious resolution  of  CERCLA  Section  106 cases;  2) further delegations  of
settlement authority for cost  recoveries and certain CERCLA  Section 106  cases;  3)
expanded use of alternatives to litigation;  4.) revisions to insurance and  bankrupcy
guidances; 5) integration of  the  enforcement of the  RCRA  and CERCLA programs;  and
6) revised CERCLA Section 106 Administrative Order guidance.

     Although the Hazardous  Substance  Response  portion  of  the  Superfund  program
has been slowed pending  ^authorization, the  enforcement  program continues  aggres-
sively to  seek privately-financed   response  and  to  recover monies  spent  by  the
Trust Fund.  In addition  to continuing oversight  of  RP response actions  commenced
in previous years, in 1986,  the Agency will  achieve RP agreements to start approxi-
mately 49 removals,  50 RI/FS,  and  50  remedial  designs  by administrative  and judicial
means.  Moreover, there will  be an increased  effort to  resolve swiftly the  ongoing
case docket  as  a  result  of 1985 CERCLA initiatives  in RI/FS and  the increase  -in
civil judicial  referrals.

     The value of the  enforcement  program  is demonstrated by the  fact that during
1985, Responsible Parties at  102 sites  responded  to enforcement  actions  and  have
agreed to  conduct  cleanup  activities  with  an estimated  value  of $126  million.
This brings the total  estimated value  of cleanup  actions  achieved  through enforce-
ment procedures  from  the  program's  inception  to  S481  million.    In  addition  to
compelling RPs to conduct cleanup  activities, the program seeks recovery of Trust
Fund expenditures for Federally-financed response  actions.  During 1985,  of the 55
cases developed, 32 cost  recovery  cases were referred to  the DOJ  seeking $27  mil-
lion.  In  addition  to these  new  cases  referred  to  DOJ,  the Agency  achieved  $22
million in settlements  from cases  referred  to DOJ this year and   in prior  years.
The total cost recovery settlements to date  are over $25 million.

     The following guidance  was also  developed in 1985:  1) CERCLA settlement policy;
2) EPA/State Relationships in Enforcement Actions  for Sites on the  National  Priori-
ties List; 3) procedures for  issuing Notice  Letters;  4) a  model CERCLA Section 106
Consent Order  for  an  RI/FS;  5)  preparation  of decision  documents for  approving
Fund-financed and Potential  Responsible  Party (PRP)  remedial  actions under CERCLA;
6) cost  recovery  procedures  manual;  7) procedures  for planning  and  implementing
off-site response actions; and 8)  RI and FS  guidance.


Hazardo u s Substanee Research

     The Research and Development program supports the Agency, States,  and industry
in resolving technical problems that inhibit implementation of removal  and remedial
actions.  Support focuses on adapting existing technologies,  procedures,  and scien-
tific information  for application  to  uncontrolled  sites.  This   support  includes
providing tailored  guidance documents,  operations  manuals,  risk  and  site assess*
ment techniques,  and   direct  technical  assistance  to  implementing  personnel  at
all levels.  The  specific objectives of the program are  providing techniques  and
procedures for site and  situation  assessment; evaluating  technologies  for managing
uncontrolled sites; developing procedures  for ensuring   effective assessment  of
sites which  have  been cleaned  up;  evaluating personnel health, protective  equip-
ment, and  procedures;  developing  reportable  quantities  information;   providing
technical support for  enforcement,  program,  and  Regional offices; and,  providing
quality assurance support.

     As the Research  and Development program  resumes its  momentum  in 1987,  it  will
provide the  guidance documents,  operations  manuals,  assessment   techniques,  and
technical expertise needed  to meet  the  requirements  of the  Superfund  program.   As
a result  of the  nature  of  Research  and Development's  support  of the  Superfund
program, the Superfund Contingency  Plan's reduction in  the level of response acti-
vity has  produced  a  corresponding  and  proportionate  reduction  in the   level  and
                                      SF-7

-------
nature of research and development support.  In 1985,  the program's  accomplishments
Included 1) a  ground  and  surface water modeling  user's  guide; 2)  risk  assessment
support  for the  enforcement program  for 15 states; 3)  provision of   58  Health
Effects Assessment documents; 4)  development  of  90, chronic  toxity  components  for
reportable quantity documents; and 5)  a  summary of the Duality Assurance  provided
to the National contract laboratory  program.


Hazardous Substance Management And Support

     This function  provides   the  full  array  of  financial,  administrative,  and
support services  necessary  to manage  and implement the  Superfund  program.  This
includes financial management to track  and  report on  the  use  of the  Hazardous
Substance Response Trust  Fund; administrative management for  contract,  personnel,
information systems,  office and laboratory  services, and  safety training;  services
to cover the  costs of space, utilities,  and other  non-personnel  support  needs;
and computer services  to  fund data  processing costs.   Management and support also
includes the support  of  legal  services;  auditing services;  policy  analysis  and
program evaluation; budget development  and oversight;  and lab support for Superfund
research.

     In 1987, management   and  support  will  be   expected  to  support fully  the
increasing Superfund  program.   In  particular,  this  includes expanded  contract
capability as extramural dollars  increase and additional  support of Superfund cost
recovery actions as additional Fund-financed actions are  completed.

     In 1986, under the Contingency Plan,  all attempts have been made to  maintain
the program's  personnel  and  contractual   infrastructure.   Services have  not  yet
been reduced in 1986.  This should  assist the program  to  regain quickly  its  momen-
tum following  reauthorization.   Accomplishments   in   1985  include  improving  and
maintaining detailed  site specific  transaction  records;  recruiting   specialized
personnel  nationwide; providing  cost  documentation to   support   cost  recovery
litigation; maintaining sophisticated  ADP  systems  to track hazardous  waste site
funding and  oversight  of Agency  compliance with  unique  Trust Fund requirements;
and completing Superfund  audits  of  EPA contractors and assistance  recipients,  and
Internal and management audits of Superfund activities.
                                         SF-8

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Special Analyses
      SECTION TAB

-------
Page Intentionally Blank

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                                      ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                                             SPECIAL ANALYSES
                                             Table of Contents

                                                                                                      Page
EPA Organization Chart	-..      SA-2
EPA Regional Offices - Locations	      SA-3
Summary of Resources, By Appropriation.....	      SA-4
Summary of Resources, By Media....	      SA-7
1986 Workyears and Budget Authority, By Media and Appropriation..	     SA-11
1987 Workyears and Budget Authority, By Media and Appropriation.....	     SA-12
Summary of State Grant Resources	     SA-13
History of'State Grant Budget Authority.......	     SA-14
Permanent Positions by Grade	..     SA-17
Average Employment and Salary.	     SA-22
Object Classification:
     Research and Development.	     SA-23
     Abatement, Control and Compliance....................	.	     SA-25
     Sal ari es and Expenses	     SA-28
     Buildings and Facilities	     SA-32
     Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund..	     SA-34

-------
                  US. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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                                          ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                                      REGIONS
                                               Locations and States
Region I    Headquarters.Boston, Massachusetts
            Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
            New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont

Region II   Headquarters, New York, New York
            New jersey,New York, Puerto Rico
            Virgin Islands

Region III  Headquarters, Phi 1 adelphia, Pennsylvanla
            Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland,
            Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia
Region VI    Headquarters, Dal 1 as, Texas
             Arkansas, Louisiana, New Hex1co
             Oklahoma, Texas

Region VII   Headquarters, Kansas City, Kansas
             Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Region VIH  Headquarters.Denver, Colorado
             Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,
             South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
Region IV   Headquarters, At1anta, Georqla
            Alabama, Florida,  Georgia, Kentucky,
            Mississippi, North Carolina, South
            Carolina, Tennessee
Region V    Headquarters, Chicago, 111inois
            Illinois, Indiana, Michigan
            Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin
                           San Francisco, California
Region IX    Headquarters,
             Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada,
             American Samoa, Guam, Trust Territories
             of Pacific Islands, Northern Mariana
                   Islands

Region X     Headquarters, Seattle, Washington
             Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Hashington

-------
                                                ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                                                     Summary of Resources
Research and ['eye! opment
  Budget Authority...-.."..
  Obiigatlons	
  Outlays..........	
Abatement, Control and
 Compliance
  Budget Author! ty......
  Obligations	
  Outlays...,.	
Salaries and Expenses
  Budget~liuthority	
  Obligations.	.,
  Outlays....	
  Permanent Workyears,
  Total Workyears	
Buildings and Facilities
  Budget Authority.......
  Obligations...,.	
  Outlays	
Operations, Research and
 Fa
Facilities
 Obligations.
 Out!ays	
                                   Actual
                                    1985
                               $188,875.0
                                192,278.4
                                160,780.5
                                480,500.0
                                517,985.3
                                441,133.2
                                665,698.1
                                658,985.6
                                631,419.0
                                  9,904.8
                                 11,001.4
                                 12,500.0
                                  5,228.1
                                  3,872.3
                                     151.4
                                     298.7
SUBTOTAL. OPERATING PROGRAMS
 Budget Authority	.$1,347 ,-573.1
 Obligations		...$1,374,628.8
 Outl ays		.$1,237,503.7
 Permanent Workyears	     9,904.8
 Total Workyears	    11,001.4
By Appropriation
•(dollars in thousands)
Budget
Estimate
1986
$212,400.0
212,061.0
193,678.0
495,500.0
505,911.0
488,844.0
670,416.0
670,416.0
660,901.2
10,227.7
11,302.7
5.000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0
300.0
280.0
$1,383,316.0
$1,398,878.0
$1,348,898.2
10,227. 7
11,302.7
Enacted
1986
$223,400.0
223,100.0 I/
198,258.8 ~
577,600.0
585,784.0 I/
532,512.7 ~
684,176.0
684,031.0 If
.675,498.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
5,000.0
5,148.0
5,449.5
300.0
500.0
$1,490,176.0
$1,498,363.0 I/
$1,412,219.4"
10,595.1
11,582.7
Bal anced
Budget
Reduction
1986
-$9,607.0
-9,607.0
-2,677.0
-24,837.0
-24,837.0
-11,272.0
-29,420.0
-29,420.0
-25,188.0
• • *
9 * »
-215.0
-215.0
-55.0
0 * *
* • *
-$64,079.0
-$64,079.0
-$39,192.0
• * «
* • »
Current
Estimate
1986
$213,793,0
213,493.0
195,581.8
552,763.0
560,947.0
521,240.7
654,756.0
654,611.0
650,310.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
4,785.0
4,933.0
5,394.5
300.0
500.0
$1,426,097.0
$1,434,284.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
Estimate
1987
$192,734.0
193,344.2
204,026.9
490,785.0
492,699.9
532,473.7
687,947.0
687,947.0
675,535.6
10,452.9
11,382.7
5,000.0
7,600.0
8,405.5
300.0
500.0
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11,382.7
                                                                                                                  Increase +
                                                                                                                  Decrease -
                                                                                                                 1987 vs 1986
-$21,059.0
 -20,148,8
  +8,445.1
 -61,978.0
 -68,247.1
 +11,233.0
 +33,191.0
 +33,336.0
 +25,225.2
    -142.2
    -200.0
    +215.0
  +2,667.0
  +3,011,0
                                                                                                                   -$49,631.0
                                                                                                                   -$52,392.9
                                                                                                                   +$47,914.3
                                                                                                                       -142.2
                                                                                                                       -200.0

-------
                                  Actual
                                   1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Balanced
. Budget
Reduction
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund

Obligations..... 	 	 	 .,
Outlays 	 	 	
Permanent Workyears... ......

Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund

Obligations. 	 	 	


620,000.0 2/
480,405.2
360,311.6
1,237.2
1,350.3


(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44.000.0)

900,000.0
900,000.0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0






900,000.0
882,000.0 I/
480,000.0 ~
1,556.2
1,716.0






-38,700.0
-38,700.0
-7,590.0








861,300.0
843 300 0
472,410.0
1 556 2
1,716.0






1 ,050,000.0
1 252 000 0
770,800.0
1 ,556 2
1 716.0






+188 700.0
+408 700 0
+298 390.0







Advances to Hazardous
  Substance Response Trust Fund
  Budget Authority.	.	
  Obligations..................
  Outlays	

Constructlon Grants
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(330,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
(33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
Budget Authority 	
Obligations..... 	 	

Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations..,. 	 	 	

Revolving Fund
Obligations...... 	

Misc. Contributed Funds


2,400,000.0
2,573,964.9
2,899,742.7

299.4
62.3

533.0
-117.0

36.4
8.2
2,400,000.0
2,500,000.0
2,650,000.0

15.0
100.0

600.0
15.0

30.0
25.0
600,000.0
1,400,000.0
2,820,000.0

10.0
268.0

600.0
-50.0

50.0
25.0
-25,800.0
-25,800.0
-258.0




-28.0
-28.0


• * *
                                                                                         574,200.0 3/      ... 4/  -574,200.0
                                                                                       1,374,200.0     108,267.0 -1,265,933.0
                                                                                       2,819,742.0   2,355,200.0   -464,542.0
                                                                                              10.0
                                                                                             268.0
                                                                                             572.0
                                                                                             -78.0
                                                                                              50.0
                                                                                              25.0
                   150.0
                   342.0
                   750.0
                -1,250.0
                    40.0
                    25.0
                +140.0
                 +74.0
                +178.0
              -1,172.0
                 -10.0

-------
Reimbursements - Salaries and
  Expensef
  Obligations	
  Permanent Workyears	
  Total Workyears	-.	
Reimbursements - Superfund
  Obligations........	
                                  Actual
                                   1985
17,789.1
    56.8
    63.6
 5,584.1
TOTAL ENVIRONMFNTAL PROTECTION

  AGENCY

 Budget Authority.	, .$4,367,573.1
  Obi 1 gations	.	$4,453,240.9
  Outlays	..44,497,511.5
  Permanent Workyears	    11,198.8
  Total Workyears	    12,415.3
              Budget
             Estimate
               1986
20,000.0
    53.0
    62.0
 7,000.0
          $4,683,316.0
          $4,826,523.0
          $4,669,038.2
              11,836.9
              13,080.7
              Enacted
               1986
20,000.0
    53.0
    62.0
18,000.0
          $2,990,176.0
          $3,819,022.0
          $4,712,462.4
              12,204.3
              13,360.7
             Balanced
               Budget
             Reduction
               1986
 -34.0
-398.0
           -$128,579.0
           -$129,039.0
            -$47,068.0
           Current
           Estimate
             1986
19,966.0
    53.0
    62.0
17,602.0
        $2,861,597.0
        $3,689,984.0
        $4,665,394.4
            12,204.3
            13,360.7
                         Increase +
             Estimate    Decrease -
               1987     1987 vs 1986
20,000.0
    53.0
    62.0
+34.0
30,000.0    +12,398.0
          $2,426,466.0
           2,793,098.1
           ;4,546,058.7
              12,062.1
              13,160.7
          -$435,131.0
          -$896,885.9
          -$119,335.7
               -142.2
               -200.0

y  Jh606!o|.o!Pr0pHaU°n d°eS n0t refl6Ct a rece1pt shortfa11 of $13,918.0, which could reduce budget authority to

3/  An additional  $1.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthortzation.

4/  An tended buHget request for $1.8 billion will  he submitted Mediately after appropriate reforn, legislation Is enacted.

-------
                                                ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                                     Summary of Resources
                                                           By Media
                                                    (dollars 1n thousands)
                                  Actual
                                   1985

A1r
  Budget Authority............  $234,580.1
  Obligations............	   232,624.2
  Outlays	   233,082.6
  Permanent Workyears	     1,583.2
  Total Workyears	     1,710.0

Hater Quality
  Budget Authority	   251,717.3
  Obiigations...........,-.....   249,909.9
  Outlays	;	   240,952.3
  Permanent Workyears	     1,957.0
  Total Workyears	     2,191.5
Drinking Hater
  Budget Authority
  Obligations	-.,
  Out!ays.,	
  Permanent Workyears.
  Tota1 Wo r kyear s	
85.992.1
85,244.9
86,081.7
   543.4
   604.3-
Hazardous Waste
  Budget Authority	   191,912.1
  Obligations.	   194,075.6
  Outlays	   150,793.3
  Permanent Workyears...	     1,045.
  Total Workyears,

Pesticides
  Budget Authorl ty....
  Obligations.........
  Outlays	
  Permanent Workyears.
  Total Workyears	
 1,176.2
66,928.4
70,521.5
61,155.0
   734.6
   797.5
              Budget
             Estimate
               1986
            $238,511.9
             240,879.6
             255,665.9
               1,604.0
               1,751.6
             241,686.2
             244,426.5
             241,236.4
               2,003.3
               2,248.6
 88,125.8
 89,040.4
 98,286.3
    584.5
    642.3
237,353.8
240,244.7
197,408.7
  1,217.9
  1,367.9
 70,506.9
 71,031.4
 57,560.2
    735.1
    809.1
               Enacted
                1986
             $259,548.4
              257,426.0
              229,613.7
                1,713.9
                1,830.6
              256,580.4
              258,852.0
              246,907.3
                2,056.5
                2,283.0
 91,230.4
 90,144.0
 87,423.1
    595.8
    639.8
248,544.4
248,758.0
214,677.5
  1,284.5
  1,442.5
 69,836.5
 70,969.0
 67,142.7
    741.2
    807.6
              Balanced
               Budget
              Reduction
                1986
             -$11,160.5
              -11,160.5
               -6,624.9
              -11,033.3
              -11,033.3
               -6,595.9
-3,923.2
-3,923.2
-2,356.7
                                         -10,686.8
                                         -10,686.8
                                          -5,595.5
-3,002.9
-3,002.9
-1,947.5
             Current
             Estimate
               1986
            $248,387.9
             246,265.5
             222,988.8
               1,713.9
               1,830.6
             245,547.1
             247,818.7
             240,311.4
               2,056.5
               2,283.0
87,307.2
86,220.8
85,066.4
   595.8
   639.8
             237,857.6
             238,071.2
             209,082.0
               1,284.5
               1,442.5
66,833.6
67,966.1
65,195.2
   741.2
   807.6
             Estimate
               1987
            $239,228.4
             239,549.0
             235,868.6
               1,660.2
               1,791.1
           Increase +
           Decrease -
          1987 vs 1986
            -$9,159.5
             -6,716.5
            +12,879.8
                -53.7
                -39.5
217,841.0
218,584.0
235,732.7
2,021.1
2,181.8
-27,706.1
-29,234.7
-4,578.7
-35.4
-101.2
84,123.5
84,242.0
83,434.7
   587.8
   639.8
69,433.1
69,467.0
68,720.5
   734.7
   803.8
-3,180.7
-1,978.8
-1,631.7
    -8.0
256,236.2
256,144.0
239,991.5
1,301.3
1,462.3
+18,378.6
+18,072.8
+30,909.5
+16.8
+19.8
+2,599.5
+1,500.9
+3,525.3
    -6.5
    -3.8

-------
                                           Actual
                                            1985
 Budget
Estimate
  1986
Enacted
 1986
I
Radiation
  Budget Authority	     13,003.4       9,782.4      10,202.1
  Obligations	     12,354.5       9,828.5      12,707.0
  Outlays	     16,068.9       9,758.4..    12,723.5
  Permanent Werkyears.	-..        149.1         141.3         155.3
  Total  Workyears...	        161.4         147.3         160.0

Noise
  Buiget Authority	
  Obligations....	
  Outlays	         45.9         469.7         395.9

Interdisciplinary
  Budget Authority..	     56,264.1      47,166.3      56,272.8
  Obligations		     55,489.9      47,292.6      55,770.0
  Outlays	     54,857.8      48,252.6      60,916.3
  Permanent Workyears.........        482.5         491.0         537.7
  Total  Workyears	        533.0         521.5         568.2

Toxic Substances
  Budget Authority.	......     84,536.2      94,952.1     143,331.3
  Obligations	.-.    124,604.6      95,511.7     149,397.0
  Outlays	-..     84,562.6      94,151.1     125,687.4
  Permanent Workyears	        767.3         796.6         804.8
  Total  Workyears	        852.2         856.3   .      865.0

Energy
  Budget Authority	     58,592.2      67,317.3      61,707.7
  Obligations	-..     56,812.5      67,219.5      61,957.0
  Outlays.....	     41,692.6      58,659.6      62,301.4
  Permanent Workyears	         94.1          89.2          88.4
  Total  Workyears	        105.7          97.7          97.0

Management and Support
  Budget Authority.		    291,547.2     282,913.3     287,922.0
  Obligations..	    287,763.1     283,513.1     288,223.0
  Outlays	    264,338.7     282,254.3     298,981.1
  Permanent Workyears..	.-.      2,548.4       2,564.8       2,617.0
  Total  Workyears...	      2,869.6       2,860.4       2,889.0
Balanced
 Budget
Reduction
  1986
                                                                                       -438.6
                                                                                       -438.6
                                                                                       -325.6
                                                                                     -2,419.6
                                                                                     -2,419.6
                                                                                     -1,343.6
                                »•* •

                                » • •
                                                                                     -6,163.1
                                                                                     -6,163.1
                                                                                     -2,911.3
                                                                                     -2,654.3
                                                                                     -2,654.3
                                                                                       -857.3
                                                                                    -12,381.7
                                                                                    -12,381.7
                                                                                    -10,578.7
Current
Estimate
 1986
                                            9,763.5
                                           12,268.4
                                           12,397.9
                                              155.3
                                              160.0
                                                                                                      395.9
                            53,853.2
                            53,350.4
                            59,572.7
                               537.7
                               568.2
                                          137,168.2
                                          143,233.9
                                          122,776.1
                                              804.8
                                              865.0
                                           59,053.4
                                           59,302.7
                                           61,444.1
                                               88.4
                                               97.0
                                          275,540.3
                                          275,841.3
                                          288,402.4
                                            2,617.0
                                            2,889.0
                                                                                                      Estimate
                                                                                                         1987
                                          11,972.0
                                          11,989.0
                                          12,136.4
                                             152.0
                                             157.0
                                                            184.7
                             47,874.9
                             48,043.0
                             52,466.7
                                544.3
                                570.0
                                          89,327.7
                                          90,523.0
                                         128,594.4
                                             792.5
                                             858.2
                                          59,589.4
                                          59,613.0
                                          61,349.2
                                              77.2
                                              85.8
                                         295,836.8
                                         296,137.1
                                         294,056.0
                                           2,581.8
                                           2,832.9
 Increase +
 Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
                                          +2,208.5
                                            -279.4
                                            -261.5
                                              -3.3
                                              -3.0
                                                         -211.2
                            -5,978.3
                            -5,307.4
                            -7,106.0
                                +6.6
                                +1.8
                                         -47,840.5
                                         -52,710.9
                                          +5,818.3
                                             -12.3
                                              -6.8
                                            +536.0
                                            +310.3
                                             -94.9
                                             -11.2
                                             -11.2
                                         +20,296.5
                                         +20,295.8
                                          +5,622.2
                                             -35.2
                                             -56.1

-------

Buildings and Facilities

Obi igations. 	 	
Outl ays 	 	 	 	
SUBTOTAL , OPERAT 1 NG PROGRAMS
Budget Authority 	 	 	 ...$1

Outl ays . . . r ................. .$1


Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund
Budget TWEhbri ty...... ......

Outlays.. 	 	 	 	


Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund


Outlays*..... 	 	 • ...
Advances to Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund

Qbl igatiorvs 	 	
Outl ays 	 	
Construction ("rants

Obligations 	 	 	 	 2
Outlays 	 	 	 2
Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations........... ......

Actual
1985

12,500.0
5,228.1
3,872.3

,347,573.1 $1
,374,628.8 $1
.237,503.7 $1
9,904.8
11,001.4

620,000.0 If
480,405*2 ~
360,311*6
1,237.2
1,350.3


(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)






,400,000.0 2
,573,964.9 2
,899,742.7 2

299.4
62.3
Budget
Estimate
1986

5,000.0
10,190.0
5,195.0

,383,316.0
,398,878.0
,348,898.2
10,227.7
11,302.7

900,000.0
900,000.0
670,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0











,400,000.0
,500,000.0
,650,000.0

15.0
100.0
Enacted
1986

5,000.0
5,148,0
5,449.5

$1,490,176.0
$1,499,351.0
$1,412,219.4
10,595.1
11,582.7

900,000.0
882,000.0
480,000.0
1,556.2
1,716.0











600,000.0
1,400,000.0
2,820,000.0

10.0
268.0
Balanced
 Budget
Reduction
  1986
   -215.0
   -215.0
    -55.0
  Current
  Estimate
    1986
    4,785.0
    4,933.0
    5,394.5
Estimate
  1987
  5,000.0
  7,600.0
  8,405.5
 Increase +
 Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
     +215.0
   +2,667.0
   •••3,011.0
$64,079.0
$64,079.0
$39,192.0
• * *
• « *
$1,426,097.0
$1,435,272.0
$1,373,027.4
10,595.1
11,582.7
$1,376,466.0
$1,381,891.1
$1,420,941.7
10,452.9
11. 382. 7
-$49,631.0
-$53,380.9
+$47,914.3
-142.2
-200,0
-38,700,0
-38,700.0
 -7,590,0
-25,800.0
-25,800.0
   -258.0
861,300.0
843,300.0
472,410.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
1,050,000.0
1,252,000.0
770,800.0
1,556.2
1,716.0
+188,700.0
+408,700.0
+298,390.0
• 9 •
• • *
             (330,888.0)
             (330,888.0)
             (330,888.0)
                (33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
                (33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
                (33,000.0) (-297,888.0)
  574,200.0 2j      ...I/  -574,200.0
1,374,200.0     108,267.0 -1,265,933.0
2,819,742.0   2,355,200.0   -464,542.0
                   10.0
                  268.0
                    150.0
                    342.0
                +140.0
                 +74.0

-------
                                 Actual
                                   1985
 Budget
Estimate
  1986
                                                              Enacted
                                                               1986
Balanced
 Budget
Reduction
  1986
Current                   Increase +
Estimate      Estimate    Decrease -
  1986          _198_7_	  1987 vs. 1986
                       ...  .. .       533.0         600.0         600.0          -28.0          572.0
  Outlays	'.	117.0          15.0         -50.0          -28.0          -78.0

Misc. Contributed Funds
"TJblTgations..".'.".7777:	        36.4          30.0           50.0          ...             50.0
  Outlays.	         8.2          25.0           25.0          ...             25.0

Reimbursements - Salajrles_ Jmcl

  Obffgallons	     17,789.1       20,000.0.     20,000.0          -34.0       19,966.0
  Permanent Workyears	-.-.        56.8          53.0           53.0          ...             53.0
  Total Workyears.-	        63.6          62.0           62.0          ...             62.0

Reimbursements - Superfund
TJb'l i gat i ohs ™7.77™7777..,.      5,584.1        7,000.0       18,000.0         -398.0       17,602.0


TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

  AGENCY

  Budget Authority.	$4,367,573.1   $4,683,316.0   $2,990,176.0    -$128,579.0   $2,861,597.0
  Obligations.	$4,453,240.9   $4,826,523.0   $3,820.011.0    -$129,039.0   $3,690,972.0
  Outlays	$4,497,511.5   $4,669,038.2   $4,712,462.4     -$47,068.0   $4,665,394.4
  Permanent Workyears	,.     11,198.8       11,836.9       12,204.3          ...         12,204.3
  Total Workyears	     12,415.3       13,080.7       13,360.7          ...         13,360.7
                                                                                                           750.0       +178.0
                                                                                                        -1,250.0     -1,172.0
                                                                                                            40.0
                                                                                                            25.0
                                                                                                        20,000.0
                                                                                                            53.0
                                                                                                            62.0
                                                                          -10.0
                                                                          +34.0
                                                                                                        30,000.0    -t-12,398.0
                                                                                                     $2,426,466.0
                                                                                                      2,793,098.1
                                                                                                      4,546,058.7
                                                                                                         12,062.1
                                                                                                         13,160.7
                                                                    -$435,131.0
                                                                    -$897,873.9
                                                                    -$119,335.7
                                                                        -$142.2
                                                                        -$200.0
NOTE:
  The 1986 obligation estimates for the operating programs do not reflect the reduction  for consulting  services  pursuant  to
  P.L. 99-160; Salaries and Expense - $145.0; Research and Development - $133.0; and Abatement,  Control  & Compliance - $710.0.
  The reduction for Superfund of $240.0 was considered in the estimates for that program.

If The 1985 appropriation does not reflect a receipt shortfall of $13,918.0^ which could  reduce  budget  authority to
   $606,082.0.

2J An additional  fl.8 billion has been appropriated pending reauthorizatlon.

3/ An amended budget request for $1.8 billion will be submitted immediately after appropriate reform  legislation is enacted.

-------
                                                      ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  AGENCY
                                                   1986 Workyears and Budget Authority
I
By Media and Appropriation
(dollars 1n thousands)
Abatement,
Salaries & Expenses Control &
A1 r 	 	 	 	 	 	










Buildings and Facilities.., 	 	

Hazardous Substance Response
Advances to the Hazardous Substance


Total..,. 	 	 	
Total
Morkyears
1,830.6
2,283.0
639.8
1,442.5
807.6
160.0
568.2
865.0
97.0
2,889.0
11,582.7
* * •
» » •
• • *
* * •
11,582.7
• • •
11,582.7
Amount
$83,145.2
95,517.0
27,680.7
60,593.4
35,908.9
7,695.4
25,620.0
38,145.8
4,909.3
275,540.3
$654,756.0
• • »
• • *
» » •
• • *
$654,756.0
* • *
$654.756.0
Compliance
Amount
$120,895.9
138,427.1
45,230.8
139,092.5
24,358.7
2,052.3
7,425.4
75,280.3
* * •
* * •
$552,763.0
* «"•
* '• •
• * *
* * •
$552,763.0
» * •
$552,763.0
Research &
Development
Amount
$44,346.8
11,603.0
14,395.7
38,171.7
6,566.0
15.8
20,807.8
23,742.1
54,144.1
• « •
$213,793.0
* * »
* * •
* * •
* • •
$213,793.0
* o «
$213,793.0
                                                                                                              Total
  Total
Horkyears

  1,830.6
  2,283.0
    639.8
  1,442.5
    807.6
    160.0
    568.2
    865.0
     97.0
  2,889.0

 11,582.7
                                                                                                          62.0

                                                                                                       1,716.0


                                                                                                        ' • * *

                                                                                                      13,360.7

                                                                                                         • » *

                                                                                                      13,360.7
    Amount

  $248,387.9
   245,547.1
    87,307.2
   237,857.6
    66,833.6
     9,763.5
    53,853.2
   137,168.2
    59,053.4
   275,540.3

$1,421,312.0

     4,785.0
       • * a

   861,300.0

  (330,888.0)

$2,287,397.0

   574,200.0

$2,861,597.0

-------
                                                      ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  AGENCY

                                                    1987 Workyears and  Budget Authority
                                                       By Media and Appropriation
                                                          (dollars In thousands)
in
T
                                       Salaries & Expenses
                                       Total
                                     Workyears
Amount
Abatement,
Control 8
Compliance
  Amount
Research 8
Development
  Amount
A1r				    1,791.1     $84,208.4   $117,828.0     $37,192.0
Water Quality	    2,181.8      95,712.1    114,628.9       7,500.0
Drinking Water	      639.8      28,378.5     42,863.0      12,885.0
Hazardous Waste		    1,462.3      66,175.2    153,692.0      36,369.0
Pesticides.,	      803.8      37,766,1     23,953.1       7,713.9
Radiation	      157.0       8,161.4      3S810.6
Interdisciplinary	      570.0      27,225,2      5,133.7      15,516.0
Toxic Subst?nces	      858.2      38,996.9     28,875.7      21,455.1
Energy.	       85.8       5,486.4        ...        54,103.0
Management end Support	    2,832.9     295,836*8

     Subtotal........	.....   11,382.7    $687,947.0   $490,785.0    $192,734.0

Buildings ard Facilities..........      ...           ...          ...
Reimbursemerts	.	      ...           ...          ...           ...
Hazardous Sibstance Response
  Trust Fund....	      ...           ...          ...           ..»
Advances to the Hazardous Substance
  Response Trust Fund	      ...           ...          ...           ...

     Subtotel	   11,382.7    $687,947.0   $490,785.0    $192,734.0

Constructor Grants....	      ...           ...          ...           ...
                                                                                                               Total
                                                                                                      Total
                                                                                                    Horkyears

                                                                                                      1,791.1
                                                                                                      2,181.8
                                                                                                         639.8
                                                                                                      1,462.3
                                                                                                         803.8
                                                                                                         157.0
                                                                                                         570.0
                                                                                                         858.2
                                                                                                         85.8
                                                                                                      2,832.9
   Amount

$239,228.4
 217,841.0
  84,126.5
 256,236.2
  69,433.1
  11,972.0
  47,874.9
  89,327.7
  59,589.4
 295,836.8
                                                                                                      11,382.7   $1,371,466.0
                                                                                                          62.0
                                                                                                                     5,000.0
                                                                                                       1,716.0   1,050,000.0

                                                                                                                  (33,000.0)

                                                                                                      13,160.7  $2,426,466.0
                 Total	    11,382.7     $687,947.0    $490,785.0     $192,734.0     13,160.7   $2,426,466.0

-------
                                      ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                      Summary of State Grant Resources
                                         (in thousands of dollars)
                                         ACTUAL
                                          1985
AIR                                   $90,486.0
  Section 105	         90,486.0

HATER QUALITY                          61.313.4
  Section 106...	         61,313.4
  Clean Lakes	

ORImING HATER                         38,836.4
  Public Mater Systems
    Program Grants.	         28,424.3
  Underground Injection
    Control Program	          8,312.1
  Special Studies & Demos.....          2,100.0

HAZARDOUS HASTE                        56,711.7
  Hazardous Waste Management..         46,663.2
  Hazardous Waste Initiative..          5,048.5
  Hazardous Haste Compliance..          5,000.0
  Underground Storage Tanks...

PESTICIDES                             12,300.8
  Pesticides Enf. Grants	          9,717.0
  Pesticides Cert. & Training.          2,583.8

TOXIC SUBSTANCES                        1.500.0
  foxi cs Enf. Grants..........          1,500.0

         SUBTOTAL	        $261,148.3

CONSTRUCTION GRANTS.	......      2,573,964.8

         TOTAL	     $2,835,113.1
   CURRENT
   ESTIMATE
     1986

 $95.732.5
  95,732.5

  66.894.3
  62,109.3
   4,785.0

  39,141.5

  28,183.7

   8,708.9
   2,248.9

  66,750.7
  55,506.0
   4,545.7

   6,699!o

  11.774.5
   9,286.2
   2,488.3

   2.201.1
   2,201.1

$282,494.6

 574,200.0

$856,694.6
   ESTIMATE
     1987

 $95,000.0.
  95,000*0

  52,100.0
  52,100.0
       * « *

  36,950.0

  28,450.0

   8,500.0
       • * *

  73,000.0
  63,000.0
       * • *

  10,000.6

  11,203.4
   8,703.4
 '  2,500.0

   2,200.0
   2,200.0

$270,453.4

       • *"»

$270,453.4
 INCREASE +
 DECREASE -
1987 vs 1986

    -$732.5
  -14,794.3
  -10,009.3
   -4,785.0

   -2.191.5

     +266.3

     -208.9
   -2,248.9

   +6,249.3
   +7,494.0
   -4,545.7

   +3,301 '.6

     -571.1
     -582.8
      +11.7

       -1.1
 -$12,041.2

 -574,200.0

-$586,241.2

-------
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
History of State Gr^n^Budge^Authorlty

1971
$30,200
30,200
« * a
10,000
io,doo
a « a
a * »
a * a
0*0
a * a
...
1,629
* * a
„ 1,629
0*0
* a a
0*0
* * *
* * a
• a a
* a e
a ft »
$41,829
Part I: 1971
(1n thousands of
1972
$42,900
42,900
000
15,000
15,000
000
e 0 0
a 0 a
9 m »
a « «
2,545
* * a
2,545
a * *
9*0
000
000
* a e
000
a o »
900
e 0 e
$60,445
- 1976
dollars)
1973
$50,000
50,000
* a a
70,000
20,000
50,000 If
999
9 » *
90*
0 * *
a * *
3,250
3,250
a a a
e * a
a « *
a a a
a a a
* • a
a a •
a a*
o a a
$123,250

1974
$50,000
50,000
900
150,000
50,00d
100,000 If
000
900
• 0 e
000
000
a a a
00 e
a a a
a a a
a » *
a 0 0
a e •
9 0 *
a a 0
*
» • 0
* a a
$200,000
AIR
"Section 105
  Section 175

MATER QUALITY
  Section 106
  Section 208
  Clean Lakes

DRINKING HATEF
  Public Water Systems
  Underground Injection
  Special Stuc'les 8 Demos

HAZARDOUS HASTE
  Haz. Haste Management
  Solid Waste Management
  Resource Recovery
  Hazardous Wcste Initiative
  Hazardous Weste Compliance
  Underground Storage Tanks

PESTICIDES
  Pesticides tnf. Grants
  Pesticides Tart. & Training

TOXIC SUBSTANCES
  Toxic Enf. frants

           TOTAL

I/ CONTRACT AUTHORITY

*  Pesticides certification and training data for these years 1s unavailable.
                                                          1975

                                                        $55.268
                                                         55,268
                                                        199.625
                                                         45,62$
                                                        150,000  I/
                                                          4,000 ~
                                                            00 it


                                                            090


                                                            * * «


                                                            » » *
                                                       $254,893
   1976

 $51.518
  51,518
 112,375
  44,375
  53,000
  15,000

  10.000
   7,500
   2,500
                                                                          1.800

                                                                          1,800
$175,693

-------
                                            ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                        History of State Grant Budget Authority
                                                 Part II: 1977 - 1982
                                               (in thousands of dollars)
                                 1977
                  1978
                   1979
                   1980
                   1981
                   1982

AIR
  Section 105
  Section 175

MATER QUALITY
  Section 106
  Section 208
  Clean Lakes

DRINKING HATER
  Public Mater Systems
  Underground Injection
  Special Studies & Demos

HAZARDOUS WASTE
  Haz. Waste Management
  Solid Waste Management
  Resource Recovery
  Hazardous Waste Initiative
  Hazardous Waste Compliance
  Underground Storage Tanks

PESTICIDES
  Pesticides tnf. Grants
  Pesticides Cert. & Training

TOXIC SUBSTANCES
  Toxic Enf. Grants

       TOTAL
$55,550
S5.550
* • *
80,000
50,000
15,000
15,000
20,000
15,000
5,000
* * •
2,925
2,925
* * *
* * •
* « •
* * *
$66,135
66,135
* * *
128,110
52,400
59,509
16,201
27,110
20,500
6,000
610
14,304
14,304
* • *
• • *
* * *
* » -*
$130,025
80,925
50,000
108,003
52,400
41 ,028
14,575
36,270
26,400
7,600
2,270
44,886
15,018
15,150
14,718
* « •
* • •
• * *
$82,800
82,800
* • «
101,230
48,730
37,500
15,000
34,745
4/395
900
38,600
18,600
10,000
10,000
• * *
$87,673
87,673
* » *
95,696
51,223
33,473
11,000
37,598
29,45d
6,648.
1,500
38,570
26,487
8,083
4,000
* * *
• * *
• * *
$87,735
87,735
60,200
51,200
9,666
37,848
29,450
6,575
1,823
41,700
41,700
   1,000
$159,475
   7,280
   5,000
   2,280
$242,939
  13,052
   9,538
   3,514
$332,236
  12.393
   8./50
   3,643
$269.768
  10.972
   8,020
   2,952

   1,000
   1,000

$271,509
  11.202
   8,632
   2,570

     500
     5W

$239,185

-------
                                                      ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION AGENCY
I
a\
AIR
  Section 105
  Section 175

W\TER QUALITY
  Section 106
  Section 208
  Clean Lakes

DRINKING WATER
  Public Water Systems
  Underground Injection
  Special Studies & Demos

HAZARDOUS HASTE
  Haz. Waste Management
  Solid Waste Management
  Resource Recovery
  Hazardous Waste Initiative
  Hazardous Waste Compliance
  Underground Storage Tanks

PESTICIDES
  Pesticides Enf. Grants
  Pesticides Cert. & Training

TOXIC SUBSTANCES
  Toxic Enf. Grants

           TOTAL

1983
$85,050
85,050
* * *
57,200
54,200
3,000
36,425
27,450
7,075
1,900
44,068
44,068


10,718
6,718
2,000
* • •
* * •
$233,461
Part III: 1983
(1n thousands of
1984
$87,684
87,684
• • •
59,259
54,259
5,666
36,850
27,450
7,500
1,900
46,850
46,850


10,860
8,703
2,157
500
500
$242,003
- 198?
dollars)
19S5
$90,937
90,937
* « *
66,299
61,299
5,666
39,050
28,450
8,500
2,100
57,145
46,970
a » *
* 9 6
5,175
5,000
* * *
12,321
9,717
2,604
1,500
1,500
$267,252

1986
Current
Estimate
$95,733
95,733
» • *
66,894
62,109
* • «
4,785
39,142
28,184
8,709
2,249
66,751
55,506
e e o
• « •
4,546
6,699
11,774
§,286
2,488
2,201
2,201
$282,495
                                                                                                           1987
                                                                                                         Estimate

                                                                                                          $95.000
                                                                                                           95,000
                                                                                                           52.100
                                                                                                           £2,100
                                                                                                           36.950
                                                                                                           28,450
                                                                                                            8,500
                                                                                                           73.000
                                                                                                           63,000
                                                                                                           10,000

                                                                                                           11,203
                                                                                                            8,703
                                                                                                            2,500

                                                                                                            2,200
                                                                                                            2,200

                                                                                                         $270.453

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                                                          ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                                          Permanent Positions By Grade

                                                              SALARIES AND EXPENSES


                                                                                               Current
                                                                              Actual            Estimate           Estimate
                   Grades                                                       1985              1986               1987

                   Executive Level  II	             '1                 2                  2
                   Executive Level  III.......................	                122
                   Executive Level  IV	                677
                   Executive Level  V	                1                 2                  2
                           Subtotal	                9                13                 13

                   ES-6	                444
                   ES-5.......	               40                40                 40
                   ES-4		,	               83                83                 83
                   ES-3	-.-.	.-.	               52                55                 55
                   ES-2.,	               26                27                 27
•8                  ES-1.,	               12                19                 19
                           Subtotal...		              217               228                228

                   GS-lf	               10                10                 10
                   GS/Gf-15...	              580               583                580
                   GS/Gn-14.	.,            1,203             1,213              1,213
                   GS/Gr-13..	            1,788             1,800              1,790
                   GS-12		            1,864             1,900              1,865
                   GS-11	              968               992                970
                   GS-10..........		.,	               59                70                 70
                   SS-9	       ,       732               750                750
                   GS-8...........................................              191               200                200
                   6S-7	              855               900                855
                   6S-6	              471               490                471
                   GS-5........	»-.-...	              647               675                667
                   GS-4.,	              314               330                330
                   GS-3	»....».				              101               110                110
                   GS-2...			               10                16   ;              16
                   65—1*•^••••••••••••••« ***•***••*»*••*«*••«•••*•              * * *               *••                *•*
                           Subtotal	            9,793            10,039              9,897

-------
                   Grades

                   Positions  established  by  act  of  July  1,  1974
                      (A2  U.S.C.  207):
                      Assistant  Surgeon General, $40,579 to
                       568,700...............	
                      Director grade,  $30,074  to $51,955	
                      Senior  grade  05,  $24,055 to $42,390	.»..,,.
                      Fill  grade  04,  $20,275 to  $35,449.......	
                      Assistant  grade  03, $18,842 to  $30,658..........

                           Subtotal	

                   Positions  established  by  act  of November 16,  1977
                     (42 U.S.C.  201)  compensation for which is not  to
                     exceed the maximum rate payable  for a  6S-18.	

                   Ung reded.	

                   TOTA! PERMANENT  POSITIONS.		
 Actual
  1985
    70
   101
    42
     7
   220
    17

    71
Current
Estimate
  1986
   a e e
    70
   102
    42
     7
   221



    19

    75
Estimate
  1987
    70
   102
    42
     7
   221



    19

    75
10s327
10,595
10,453
CD

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                                                         ENVIROKHENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY



                                                          Permanent Positions By Grade
w
Grades
ES-5........... ............
ES -4 ......................
ES-3. 	
ES-2 	 	 ........
ES-1 	
Subtotal 	 	
GS/GM-15 	
GS/GH-14 	 	
GS/GM-13. 	 	 	
SS-12........ 	 	
GS-1J, 	 	 	 	
GS-10 	 	
GS-9. 	 	
GS-8 	
GS-7. .--. 	 	 	 	
GS-6 	 	 	 	

GS-4 	 	 	
SS-3 	 	 	
GS-2... 	 	 	

Subtotal... 	
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES RESPONSE TRUST FUND
Actual
1985
	 	 2
	 	 	 3
	 	 	 	 	 2
	 	 	 	 ,. 4
	 1
	 12
	 43
	 	 	 87
	 	 	 221
	 	 	 294
	 	 	 	 159
	 1
	 	 	 	 99
	 	 	 7
	 	 	 108
	 ... 	 	 42

	 	 , 	 50
	 	 	 	 	 15
	 	 	 2

	 	 1.208
Current
Estimate
1986
2
3
2
4
6
17
45
90
250
325
200
10
142
20
150
75
101
75
25
12

1,520
Estimate
1987
2
3
2
4
6
17
45
90
250
325
200
10
142
20
150
75
101
75
25
12

1,520

-------
Grades

Positions established by act of July 1, 1974
   (42 U.S.C. 207):
   Assistant Surgeon General, $40,579 to
    $68,700.....	..	»..	
   Director grade, $30,074 to $51,955........
   Senior grade 05, $24,055 to $42,390	
   Full grade 04, $20,275 to $35,449.........
   Assistant grade 03, $18,842 to $30,658....
        Subtotal,
Positions established by act of November 16, 1977
  (42 U.S.C. 201) compensation for which 1s not to
  exceed the maximum rate payable for a 65-18......
Ungraded.	

TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS.
Actual
 1985
   17
Current
Estimate
  1986
    16



     1

     2
Estimate
  1987
• 99
4
6
5
2
« * *
4
5
5
2
• * *
4
5
5
2
    16



     1

     2
1,238
 1,556
 1,556

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                                    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                     Permanent Positions By Grade

                                             REIMBURSABLES

                                        (SALARIES AND EXPENSES)

                                                                            Current
                                                           Actual           Estimate           Estimate
Grades                                                      1985              1986               1987

GS/GM-15 .......... . ...... ....... . ..... , ........               333
GS/GM-14.. ......... ...... ---- . ........ » ........               2                 2                  2
6S/GM-13.. ......... . ---- .... .......... . ........               222
GS-12 ........ ...... . ...........................               555
GS-11 _____ . ..... . ....... ... .....................              10                 99
GS-10. .................. ..... ............. .....               444
GS-9 ..................................... . .....               7                 5                  5
GS-8 ........ .... ........ .... ..... ..... . ........               1                 1                  1
GS~7.. ............. .. ..........................               655
GS-6 ....... . ....... , .............. ....... . .....               222
GS-5 .......... . ............. .. ............ .....               5                 5                  5
        Subtotal. .......... ________ . ....... . .....              47                43                 43

Positions established by act of
  July 1, 1974 (42 U-.S.C-. 207):
   Director grade 06, $30,074 to $51,955... .....              5           '      6                  6
   Senior grade 05, $24,055 to 42,390 .......... .              3                 3                  3

        Subtotal. ..... . ..... ..... ----- . ......... .              899

Ungraded....... ............ ........... ......... .              1                 1                  1

TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS ..... . ....... ..........             56                53                 53

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                                                      ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION  AGENCY

                                                       Average  Employment and Salary
;o
ro
Appropriation/Pay Plan

Salaries and Expenses
Average £s Salary
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary
Average Salary of
    Ungraded Positions

Revolving Fijnd
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary

Superfund
Average ES Salary
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary

Relmbursables
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary

TOTAL AVERAGE
Average ES Salary
Average GS Grade
Average GS Salary
Average Salary of
    Ungraded Positions
                                                                      1985
                                                                    Actuals
                                                                    $67,523
                                                                     10.207
                                                                    $32,672

                                                                    $45S892
                                                                     10.207
                                                                    $32,672
$66,326
 10.051
$30,699
                                                                      9.415
                                                                    $28,838
                                                                    $67,460
                                                                     10.187
                                                                    $32,444

                                                                    $45,892
                    1986
                   Current
                  Estimate
                   $67,523
                    10.207
                   $32,672

                   $45,892
                    10.207
                   $32,672
$66,326
 10.051
$30,699
                     9.415
                   $28,838
                   $67,460
                    10.187
                   $32,444

                   $45,892
                     1987
                  Pres 1 dent's
                    Budget
                    $67,523
                     10.207
                    $32,672

                    $45,892
                     10.207
                    $32,672
$66,326
 10.051
$30,699
                      9.415
                    $28,838
                    $67,460
                     10.187
                    $32,444

                    $45,892
                      * Average  GS  Salary  of  Ungraded  positions  Includes  AD,  ED,  EF,  EH,  El,  EX,  and  SES pay plans.

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                                                         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
a
I
w
                                                              Object Classlfication
                                                        Includes  Direct  Obligations Only
                                                            {in thousands  of dollars)

                                                            RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
         OBJECT CLASSES
                                                   Actual
                                                    1985
 Budget
Estimate
  1986
Enacted
  1986
Current ,
Estimate
  1986
             Increase *
Estimate     Decrease -
  1987      1987 vs  1986
         22.0  Transportation of things	        $3.0
         23.2  Rental  payments to others.	         1.0
         25.0  Other services	   118,275.7
         26.0  Supplies and materials.....	        29.0
         31.0  Equipment.......	        26.4
         41.0  Grants, subsidies, and contributions......    73,943.3
                                                                  • * •

                                                                  • * *
                                                             $121,245.7    $133,541.4    $127,864.0   $120,078.3     -$7,785.7
                                                               90,815.3     89,558.6

           Total  obligations		$192,278.4  $212,061.0    $223,100.0

EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASWTCATMS
                            85,629.0      73,265.9     -12,363.1

                          $213,493.0    $193,344.2     -$20,148.8
         Transportati on of things
              There is no request In the 1987 estimate
         and no change in the 1986 estimate.
Actual
1985
	 	 	 	 $3.0
Budget
Estimate
1986
• • *
Enacted
1986
• • *
Current
Estimate
1986
• • *
Estimate
1987
* « *
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
-• • •
         Rental payments to others.
                                                       $1.0
              There is no request in the 1987 estimate
         and no change in the 1986 estimate.
         Other services.........	  $118,275.7   $121,245.7    $133,541.4    $127,864.0   $120,078.3

              The decrease in the 1987 request reflects
         the government-wide commitment to deficit
         reduction	
                                                                                                                   -$7,785.7

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                                                               Budget                     Current                  Increase +
                                                   Actual      Estimate      Enacted       Estimate     Estimate    Decrease -
                                                    1985        1986          1986          1986         1987     1987 vs 1986
     The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act...	                                         -$5,677.4
                                                                  990          * « o            e » a
                                                                  * * •          « • *
Supplies and materials	      $29.0

     There 1s no request 1n 1987 and no change
1n the 1986 estimate.

Equipment	...      $26.4

     There Is no request 1n 1987 and no change
In the 1986 estimate.

Grants, subsidies, and contributions.......	  $73,943,3   $90,815.3    $89,558.6     $85,629.0    $73,265.9

     The decrease 1n the 1987 request reflects
the government-wide commitment to deficit
reduction		                                                                   -$12,363.1

     The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                         -$3,929.6

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                                                ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                                     Object Classification
                                               Includes Direct Obligations Only
                                                   (1n thousands of dollars)

                                               ABATEMENT, CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE
OBJECT CLASSES
                                                         Actual
                                                           1985
 Budget
Estimate
  1986
Enacted
 1986
Current
Estimate
  1986
Estimate
  1987
      21.0  Travel  and  transportation  of  persons	      $172.4       $265.0        $259.7         $259.7        $265.6
      22.0  Transportation  of  things	.	       67.4        ...           ...            ...           ...
      23.2  Communications,  utilities  and miscellaneous
              charges.................................       86.2        ...           ...            ...           ...
      24.0  Printing  and  reproduction	       174.9        ...            49.0          46.8         50.2
      25.0  Other services	   173,204.7    195,941.1     224,051.1      214,713.4     207,391.8
      26.0  Supplies  and  materials	         9.3        ...            29.4          28.1         30.1
      31.0  Equipment	.........*...............         8.1        ...            19.6          18.7         20.1
      41.0  Grants, subsidies, and  contributions	   341,717.3    309,704.5     361,375.2      345,880.3     284,942.1
      42.0  Insurance claims and  Indemnities..........     2,545.0        ...           ...            ...           ...
g
,1,                Total  ohllgatlons.	  $517,985.3   $505,910.9    $585,784.0     $560,947.0    $492,699.9
uv

      !X^--^n?L9LINCREASES AND  PECREASES  TO OBJECT
      ClASSinCAtl'ONS


                                                                     Budget                     Current
                                                          Actual     Estimate       Enacted      Estimate     Estimate
                                                           1985       1986         1986          1986          1987

      Travel and transportation of  persons.	      $172.4       $265.0        $259.7         $259,7        $265.6

           The increase 1n  the 1987 request reflects
      travel in support of  the Drinking Water UIC
      program in non-primacy states	.,
 Increase +
 Decrease -
1987 vs 1986

      +$5.9
                                                                                                                         +3.4
                                                                                                                     -7,321.6
                                                                                                                         +2.0
                                                                                                                         +1.4
                                                                                                                    -60,938.2
                                                                                                                        » * *

                                                                                                                   -$68,247.1
                                                                                                                  Increase +
                                                                                                                  Decrease -
                                                                                                                  1987 vs 1986
                                                                                                                        +$5.9
     There 1s no change 1n the 1986 estimate.

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            Budget                    Current                   Increase +•
Actual     Estimate      Enacted      Estimate     Estimate     Decrease -
 1985        1986         1986          1986         1987      1987 vs 1986
               o * »          « e •           e * •
        Transportation of things.	      $67.4

             There 1s no request in the 1987 estimate
        and no change in the 1986 estimate.

        Communications, utilities and miscellaneous
          charges	      $86.2       ...          ...           „,.          ...           ...

             There 1s no request 1n the 1987 estimate
        and no change In the 1986 estimate.

        Printing and reproduction.	     $174.9       ...          $49.0         $46.8        $50.2

             The increase in the 1987 request reflects
        use of carryover funds for the Asbestos-1n-
        schools program.....	                                                                        +$3.4

             The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
M       from the enacted represents the reductions
f       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                             -$2.2
<*
        Other services.	 $173,204.7  $195,941.1   $224,051.1    $214,713.4   $207,391.8

             The decrease in other services In the 1987
        request primarily reflects reduced contract
        levels as a result of the government-wide                                                                    i
        commitment to deficit reduction	                                                                    -$7,321.6

             The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
        from the enacted represents the reductions
        mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                         -$9,337.7

        Supplies and materials.	       $9.3       ...          $29.4         $28.1        $30.1

             The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
        use of carryover funds for the Asbestos-in-
        schools program................	                                                                        +$2.0

             The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
        from the enacted represents the reduction
        mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                             -$1.3

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                                                                      Budget                    Current                    Increase +
                                                          Actual     Estimate      Enacted      Estimate     Estimate      Decrease -
                                                           1985        1986         1986          1986         1987       1987 vs 1986
       Equipment..^....		.....       $8.1       ...          $19.6         $18.7        $20.1

            The increase in the 1987 request reflects
       use of carryover funds for the Asbestos-1n-
       schools program..	                                                                        +$1.4

            The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                             -$0.9

       Grants, subsidies, and contributions.	-.. $341,717.3  $309,704.5   $361,375.2    $345,880.3   $284,942.1

            The decrease 1n the 1987 request reflects
       the government-wide commitment to deficit
       reduction	                                      ,                             -$60.938.2

            The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
en      mandated by the Balanced Budget Act..*.-..-.......                                        -$15,494.9

£j      Insurance claims and idemnities..,»...,	   $2,545.0       ...          ...

            There is no request in the 1987 estimate
       and no change in the 1986 estimate.

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                                                       ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION AGENCY
                                                            Object Classification
F
&
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(1n thousands of dollars)
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
Budget
Actual Estimate Enacted
OBJECT CLASSES 1985 1986 1986

Other Objects:




23.3 Communications, utilities, and mlscell-

25. 0 Other servi ces 	 	 	







EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS

$430,082.2
15,663.3
2,272.6
29,106.6
7,074.6
31,163.8
4,747.0
86,394.5
13,028.2
36,787.2
108.7
2,528.8
28.1
228,903.4
$658,985.6
Actual
1985
$455,253.9
17,284.5
2,034.9
34,464.4
8,362.5
34,155.3
5,451.1
86,865.9
11,720.1
14,523.4
* • '•
295.6
4.4
215,162.1
$670,416.0
Budget
Estimate
1986
$464,397.9
18,028.3
2,360.1
33,618.0
8,362.5
35,079.1
5,703.1
90,734.6
11.-836.6
13,581.8
329.0
» » •
219,633.1
$684,031.0,
Enacted
1986
Current
Estimate     Estimate
  1986         1987
                                                                                                                           Increase +
                                                                                                                           Decrease -
                                                                                                                          1987 vs 1986
                                                                                               $444,429.2   $458,257.4    +$13,828.2
 18,028,3
  2,258.9
 33,618.0
  8,362.5

 31,766.1
  5,457.8
 86,051.9
 11,327.7
 12,995.8
    * • •
    314.8
                                                                                                210,181.8

                                                                                                $654,611.0
                                                                                                Current
                                                                                                Estimate
                                                                                                   1986
18,420.8
 2,348.4
35,374.5
 9,521.0

33,723.8
 5,920.4
92,100.5
11,924.7
19,448.6

   906.9
             229,689.6

            $687,947.0
             Estimate
               1987
        Personnel services....		.......  $430,082.2  $455,253.9    $464,397.9     $444,429.2    $458,257.4

            The  Increase  1n the  1987  request  1s
        necessary to continue  Agency activities at
        current on-board levels......	
  +392.5
   +89.5
+1,756.5
+1,158.5

+1,957.7
  +462.6
+6,048.6
  +597.0
+6,452.8

  +592.1
             +19,507.8

            +$33,336.0
            Increase +
            Decrease -
           1987 vs 1986
                          +$13,828.2

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                                                                      Budget                    Current                   Increase +
                                                          Actual     Estimate      Enacted      Estimate     Estimate     Decrease -
                                                           1985        1986          1986         1986         1986      1986 vs 1985
            The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	........                                        -$19,968.7

       Travel and transportation of persons.	  $15,663,3   $17,284.5    $18,028.3     $18,028.3    $18,420.8

            The Increase In the 1987 request 1s
       necessary to continue Agency activities at
       current on-board levels..,...,....,,	                                                                      +$392.5

            There Is no change 1n the 1986  estimate.

       Transportation of things.	»   $2,272.6    $2,034.9     $2,360.1      $2,258.9     $2,348.4

            The increase in the 1987 request 1s
       necessary to continue Agency activities at
       current on-board levels............	                              .                                        +$89.5

w           The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
^      from the enacted represents the reduction
w      mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                           -$101.2

       Standard level user charges...	  $29,106.6   $34,464.4    $33,618.0     $33,618.0    $35,374.5

           The Increase 1n the 1987 request 1s
       necessary to continue Agency activities at
       current on-board levels.........................                                                                    +$1,756.5

            There 1s no change in the 1986  estimate.

       Rental payments to others.	   $7,074.6    $8,362.5     $8,362.5      $8,362.5     $9,521.0

            The increase 1n the 1987 request 1s
       necessary to continue Agency activities at
       current on-board levels	-.-.	                                                                    +$1,158.5

            There is no change 1n the 1986  estimate.

-------
                                                               Budget                    Current                   Increase +
                                                   Actual     Estimate      Enacted      Estimate     Estimate     Decrease -
                                                    1985        1986         1986          1986         1987      1987 vs 1986
I
o
Communications, utilities, and miscellaneous
  charges....	  $31,163.8   $34,155.3    $35,079.1  '   $31,766.1    $33,723.8

    The increase In the 1987 request Is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels........	                                                                    +$1,957.7

     The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act...	                                         -$3,313.0   '

Printing and reproduction.	   $4,747.0    $5,451.1     $5,703.1      $5,457.8     $5.920,4

    The increase in the 1987 request is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels.	                                                                      +$462.6

     The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                           -$245.3

Other services.	  $86,394.5   $86,865.9    $90,734.6     $86,051.9    $92,100.5

    The Increase 1n the 1987 request is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels	                                                                    +$6,048,6

    The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the falanced Budget Act.	                                         -$4,682.7

Supplies and materials..	,	  $13,028.2   $11,720.1    $11,836.6     $11,327.7    $11,924.7

    The Increase 1n the 1987 request is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
current on-board levels.....	.,...»	                                                                      +$597.>0

     The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
from the enacted represents the reductions
mandated by the Balanced Budget Act....,	                                           -$508.9

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                                                                      Budget                    Current                    Increase +
                                                          Actual      Estimate      Enacted      Estimate     Estimate      Decrease -
                                                            1985         1986          1986          1986          1987       1987 VS  1986
        Equipment.	   $36,787.2    $14,523.4     $13,581.8      $12,995.8    $19,448.6

           The  Increase  In  the  1987  reqeust  1s
        necessary  to continue Agency  activities at
        current  on-board  levels.......	                                                                    +$6,452.8

            The decrease 1n the 1986 current  estimate
        from the enacted  represents the  reductions
        mandated by the Balanced Budget  Act.............                                           -$586.0

        Lands  and  structures....	      $108.7        ...           ...            ...           ...

           There  1s no request  in the 1987 estimate
        and no change  1n the 1986 estimate.

        Grants,  subsidies, and contributions.	    $2,528.8       $295.6        $329.0         $314.8       $906.9

           The  Increase  In  the  1987  request  1s
        necessary  to continue Agency  activities at
>       current  on-board .levels.....	                                                                      +$592.1
             The  decrease 1n the  1986  current  estimate
        from the  enacted represents  the reductions
        mandated  by  the Balanced  Budget Act	                                             -$14.2

        Insurance Claims and  Indemnities.	       $28.1         $4.4

             There 1s  no request  in  the 1987 estimate
        and  no  change  1n the  1986 estimate.

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                                                ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGEHCY

                                                     Object Classification
                                               Includes Direct Obligations Only
                                                   (1n thousands of dollars)

                                                   BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
OBJECT CLASSES
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons....,


Actual
1985
$54.1
4,271.4
902.6
Budget
Estimate
1986
$100.0
4,915.0
5,175.0
Enacted
1986
$100.0
4,648.0
400.0
Current
Estimate
1986
$100.0
4,450.0
383.0
Estimate
1987
$100.0
7,100.0
400.0
Increase +
Decrease -
1987 vs 1986

+2,650.0
+17.0
           Total  obligations.....	   $5,228.1   $10,190.0
                      $5,148.0
                         $4,933.0     $7,600.0     +$2,667.0
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS
M
f
fcl
Actual
1985
Budget
Estimate
1986
Enacted
1986
Current
Estimate
1986
Estimate
1987
Increase +
Decrease -
1986 vs 1987
Travel and transportation of persons.
$54.1
$100.0
     There Is no, change In the 1986 or 1987
estimate.
$100.0
Other services...	   $4,271.4    $4,915.0     $4,648.0

     The Increase 1n the 1987 estimate reflects
the contractual  support necessary for the con
structlon of the radiation laboratory 1n Mont-
gomergy, ,A1 abama	
$100,0
$100.0
                                    $4,450.0     $7,100.0
                                                              +$2.650.0

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                                                          Actual
                                                           1985
          Budget
         Estimate
           1986
Enacted
 1986
            The decrease In the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	
       Lands and structures.
$902.6    (5,175.0
  $400.0
Current
Estimate
  1986
  -$194.0

   $383.0
Estimate
  1987
 Increase +
 Decrease -
1986 vs 1985
   $400.0
            The Increase in the 1987 obligation
       estimate is primarily for construction of a
       modern and safe radiation laboratory in
       Montgomery, A1abama	
                                                                  +$17.0
            The decrease in the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act............
                                       -$17.0
Ul
Ij)

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
     Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(1n thousands of dollars)
'*' HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE TRUST FUND
Budget
, . Actual Estimate Enacted
OBJECT CLASSES 1985*" 1986 1986 '•

Other Objects:




23.3 Communications, utilities, and tnlscella-

25.0 Other services.. 	 	







EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS

The Increase 1n the 1987 request Is
necessary to continue Agency activities at
$58,099.9
5,049.2
327.7
3,564.2
867.2
3,462.8
377.5
335,110.1
2,242.3
7,634.8
5.0
63,662.3
2.2
a
422,305.3
$480,405.2
Actual
1985
$58S099.9
$73,079.8
8,101.2
656.4
5,194.0
• * •
4,393.7
890.7
558,046.3
4,959.7
7,857.2
236,821.0
* « •
826,920.2
$900,000.0
Budget
Estimate
1986
$73,079.8
$71,499.0
8,643.0
792.0
8,040.0
1,812.0
3,000.0
992.0
621,777.0
5,609.0
9,796.0
152,040.0
• • c
810,501.0
$882,000.0
Enacted
1986
$71,499.0
                                         Current
                                         Estimate
                                           1986
                                           8,643.0
                                             717.7
                                           6,040.0
                                           1,812.0

                                           1,336.4
                                             902.5
                                         525,590.1
                                           5,096.4
                                           8,888.1
Estimate
  1987
 Increase +
 Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
                                         $67,132.9    $71,696.0     +$4,563.1
  8,424.0
    765.0
  6,052.0
  1,945.0

  3,000.0
    962.0
760,211.0
  5,432.0
  9,473.0
     -219,0
      +47.3
      +12.0
     +133.0

   +1,663.6
      +59.5
 +234,620.9
     +335.6
     +584.9
                                         217,140.9    384,040.0    +166,899.1
                                         776,167.1  1,180,304.0

                                        $843,300.0 $1,252,000.0
                                         Current
                                         Estimate
                                           1986
Estimate
  1987
             +404i136.9

            +$408,700.0
 Increase +
 Decrease -
1987 vs 1986
                                         $67,132.9    $71,696.0
                                                                    +$4,563.1

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                                                                      Budget                    Current                   Increase +
                                                           Actual    Estimate      Enacted      Estimate     Estimate     Decrease -
                                                            1985       1986         1986          1986         1987      1987 vs 1986
           The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act	                                         -$4,366.1
       Travel and transportation of persons............   $5,049.2    $8,101.2     $8,643.0      $8,643.0     $8,424.0
            The decrease 1n travel 1n the 1987 request
       will support the expected level of activity for
       this program	                                                                      -$219.0.
            There 1s no change 1n the 1986 estimate.
       Transportation of things	     $327.7      $656.4       $792.0        $717.7       $765.0
           The Increase in the 1987 request will
       support the expected level of activity for this
       program	                                                                       +$47.3
DJ           The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
T      from the enacted- represents the reductions
ul      mandated by the Balanced Budget Act.........*...                                            -$74.3
       Standard level user charges.	   $3,564.2    $5,194.0     $6,040.0      $6,040.0     $6,052.0
            The Increase 1n the 1987 request will
       support the expected level of activity for this
       program	,	                                                                       +$12.0
            There 1s no change in the 1986 estimate.
       Rental payments to others........i..............     $867.2       ...       $1,812.0      $1,812.0     $1,945.0
            The increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
       the expected level of activity for this program.                                                                      +$133.0
            There is no change 1n the 1986 estimate.

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                                                                      Budget                    Current                    Increase +
                                                          Actual     Estimate      Enacted      Estimate     Estimate      Decrease -
                                                           1985        1986         1986          1986         1987      1987 vs  1986
       Communications, utilities and miscellaneous                                                ,
         charges ........... . ..... .......... ........... .   $3,462.8    $4,393.7     $3,000.0       $1,336.4     $3,000.0

           The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
       the expected level of activity  for this program.                                                                    +$1.663.6

            The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act ..... ...... ..                                         -$1,663.6

       Printing and reproduction. ..................... .     $377.5      $890.7       $992.0        $902.5       $962.0

           The Increase in the 1987 request reflects
       the expected level of activity  for this program.                                                                       +$59. 5

            The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced Budget Act... ....... ...                                            -$89. 5

f      Other services. _______ .. ...... ,...% .............. $335,110.1  $558,046.3    $621,777.0     $525,590.1   $760,211.0
                                    ,     ...   .
           The  Increase 1n contracts  1n  1987  -reflects
       the expected  level of activity  for this  program.                                                                   +$234,620.9

            The decrease 1n the  1986  current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced  Budget Act.............                                         -$96,186.9

       Supplies and  materials.......... .............. ..    $2,242.3     $4,959.7      $5,609.0       $5,096.4      $5,432.0

            The Increase 1n the  1987  request reflects
       the expected  level of activity  for this, program.                                                                       +$335.6

            The decrease 1n the  1987  current estimate
       from the enacted represents the reductions
       mandated by the Balanced  Budget Act.............                                            -$512.6

       : Equipment. ______ . ..... . ........ „ ______ ...........    $7,634.8     $7,857.2      $9,796.0       $8,888.1      $9,473.0

            The Increase 1n the  1987  request reflects
       the expected  level of activity  for this  program            •                                                            +$584,9

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                                                                        Budget                     Current                    Increase +
                                                            Actual      Estimate      Enacted       Estimate      Estimate      Decrease -
                                                             1985        1986         1986          1986          1987       1987 vs 1986
              The decrease 1n the 1986 current estimate
         from the enacted represents the reductions
         mandated by the Balanced Budget Act.............                                           -$907.9


         Lands and structures.	        $5.0       ...           ...            ...           ...           ...

              There Is no request in the 1987 estimate
         and no change 1n the 1986 estimate.


         Grants, subsidies, and contributions..	   $63,662.3  $236,821.0   $152,040.0     $217,140.9   $384,040.0

              The Increase 1n the 1987 request reflects
         the expected level of activity for this program.                                                                  +$166,899.1

              The Increase 1n the 1986 current,estimate
         reflects expected Increased state participation
gj        1n response actions	                                         +$65,100.9
w
•^        Insurance Claims and IndemnHUies......	        $2.2       ...           ...            ...           ...           ...

              There 1s no request in the 1987 estimate
         and no change in the 1986 estimate.               •                                             '  :

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