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2009 National Public Water Systems
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Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201 A)
Washington, DC 20460
EPA DOCUMENT 305R11001
May 16, 2011
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary 1
Introduction 4
Part 1. Summary of Compliance and Enforcement at Public Water Systems
throughout the U.S., including Those in Indian Country
7
Part 2. Summary of Compliance, Enforcement, and Financial Assistance at
Public Water Systems in Indian Country 13
Part 3. Conclusions and Recommendations 18
APPENDIX A
Glossary of Terms
APPENDIX B
Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports
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Executive Summary
EPA is directed by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) to annually report on Public Water System
(PWS) compliance in the United States. To meet this requirement, EPA's Office of Enforcement and
Compliance Assurance (OECA) publishes the National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
(Report). The Report for 2009 documents that, while the majority of the U.S. population served by PWSs
receives safe drinking water, many systems incurred significant violations of Federal drinking water
quality standards. Additionally, EPA and primacy agencies need to work together to improve data
quality, which affects EPA's ability to accurately calculate the extent of noncompliance. EPA's new
Enforcement Response Policy (ERP) issued on December 8, 2009, establishes a water system-based
approach to defining, prioritizing, and addressing noncompliance with Federal requirements. The ERP is
expected to be instrumental in improving compliance trends.
In 2009, there were 153,399 public water systems in the U.S., serving over 300 million users. Small
systems comprise the vast majority of all systems. Noncompliance occurs more frequently at smaller
systems often because they may have fewer resources to operate and maintain compliance. For this
reason, EPA, states, and other organizations provide significant resources to small water systems to build
their capacity to properly finance, operate, and maintain their drinking water systems. Among other
mechanisms to support small systems, EPA funds third-party technical assistance providers and eight
university-based technology assistance centers, conducts on-site visits and maintains multiple, free online
financial and technical websites.
Overall Compliance Is Improving
EPA has tracked the number of PWSs reported to be in significant noncompliance - a category of
noncompliance EPA has historically used to identify the most serious violations - with at least one rule at
the same point in time on annual bases. From a high of 12,596 systems in July 2006, the number of
systems in the U.S. in significant noncompliance, including those in Indian country, decreased to 6,626
systems in 2009. The number of systems in significant noncompliance in Indian country alone also
decreased slightly.
However, the incidence of significant violations ~ that is, any health-based violation or certain
monitoring and reporting violations where the facility fails to report ~ reported to EPA remained
relatively stable between 2006 and 2009. The most frequently reported violations continue to be
monitoring and reporting violations. This is important because if a system fails to monitor and/or report
on the quality of its water, it is impossible to know whether drinking water standards have been exceeded.
EPA believes that noncompliance is too high, and that more needs to be done to improve compliance.
One tool EPA is utilizing is public access to data about drinking water compliance and enforcement
performance through this report and the Agency's ECHO public website at http://www.epa-
echo.gov/echo/.
Compliance and E nforcement at PWSs in U.S., I ncluding I ndian Country
Approximately 28 percent of all systems in the U.S. had at least one significant violation reported in
2009. This rate is comparable to those reported in previous years.
The data submitted by primacy agencies indicate that 7 percent of all public water systems in the U.S.,
serving approximately 17,693,000 users, had violations of health-based standards in 2009.
In 2009, about 18 percent of all public water systems had significant monitoring and reporting violations.
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Compliance and E nforcement in I ndian Country
Approximately 52 percent of all systems in Indian country had at least one significant violation reported
in 2009. This rate is lower than in 2008 and represents a slight downward trend since 2006. However,
this compares with 28 percent of systems in the U.S. as a whole.
EPA regions reported that 14 percent of public water systems in Indian country had health-based
violations in 2009 (119 systems). These systems served 177,900 customers.
EPA regions reported that 41 percent of systems in Indian country had significant monitoring and
reporting violations in 2009.
Source and Quality of Data Used for this Report
The data summarized in this report are housed in the Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal
Version (SDWIS/FED). Public water systems are required to sample and test their water and report the
results to the agency with primacy for implementing SDWA-usually the state in which the system is
located, or to EPA if the system is in Indian country. The primacy agency reviews the test results and
other required reports and determines whether a violation has occurred. The primacy agency is required
by EPA to report all violation and enforcement data into SDWIS/FED; a finding of compliance is not
required to be reported to EPA.
Over the past decade, EPA has evaluated state programs' data quality by conducting data verification
audits and triennial national data quality assessments, comparing primacy agencies' files and records with
information in SDWIS/FED to verify accuracy, completeness and whether compliance determinations are
made in accordance with Federal regulations. The most recent review of 38 states, published in 2006,
found that data in SDWIS/FED were incomplete; however, the health-based violation data that were
present in the database were 94% accurate.
EPA recognizes that the findings in this report likely underestimate the actual level of noncompliance at
PWSs in 2009. EPA continues to work with its state partners to identify and resolve problems that may
have produced data discrepancies in the past and to ensure that complete and accurate documentation is
available to help assess the safety of the nation's drinking water.
Recommendations
In December 2009, EPA issued a new policy for prioritizing systems needing state or EPA action to
address noncompliance. The prioritization takes into account a system's compliance with all drinking
water rules combined rather than rule by rule, as was historically done. The policy also establishes a six-
month time period within which formal enforcement is to be initiated if assistance or informal
enforcement does not quickly return a system to compliance with all rules.
An important component of implementing this new policy is ensuring that compliance and enforcement
data are entered accurately, completely, and in a timely manner by all primacy agencies. EPA is
confident that these efforts will better target enforcement resources to systems that pose the greatest risk
to public health, and will help improve the quality and quantity of data available to the public, and for
monitoring and implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act (SOWA).
This new enforcement approach is expected to continue to yield benefits for EPA, primacy agencies and
the public. EPA expects that compliance rates and data quality will improve as the approach becomes
well established. The approach will improve EPA's ability to ensure primacy agencies' performance in
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returning systems to compliance in a timely manner, including initiating formal enforcement when
necessary.
EPA recognizes that enforcement may not be effective in all cases, and devotes considerable resources to
small system capacity development in the form of compliance, managerial, financial, and technical
assistance.
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2009 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report
I ntroduction
Purpose of Report
The National Public Water Systems Compliance Report summarizes and evaluates annual reports
submitted by primacy agencies1 regarding compliance at public water systems (PWSs) of all types and
sizes in the U.S. in calendar year 2009. The information in this report summarizes PWS noncompliance
with the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) at the national and state levels, and
does not provide information about specific water systems. This report is compiled annually as required
by Section 1414(c)(3)(B) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). The report includes the following:
Part 1: Summary of compliance and enforcement at PWSs throughout the U.S (including those in
Indian country)
Part 2: Summary of compliance, enforcement, and financial assistance at public water systems in
Indian country
Part 3: Conclusions and recommendations
Appendices: Evaluation of reports submitted by primacy agencies
Scope of Report
This report summarizes significant violations at all public water systems of all types and sizes throughout
the U.S. and in Indian country for 2009.
A public water system (PWS) is a system that provides water for human consumption, if such system has
at least 15 service connections or regularly serves at least 25 individuals at least 60 days out of the year.
EPA does not have the authority to regulate private drinking water wells that do not meet the above
criteria.
Public water systems can be categorized by type:
Community - A water system that serves the same population throughout the year. Eighty-two
percent (82%) of these systems are small.
Non-Transient/Non-Community - A public water system that regularly supplies water to at least 25
of the same people at least six months per year, but not year-round. Some examples are schools,
factories, office buildings, and hospitals which have their own water systems. Ninety-nine percent
(99%) of these systems are small.
Transient/Non-Community - A public water system that provides water in a place such as a gas
station or campground where people do not remain for a long period of time. Almost one hundred
percent (99.9%) of these systems are small.
System size is determined by the size of the population served by the system:
1 Federal approval to implement the drinking water program is called primary enforcement authority, or "primacy."
The term "primacy agency" includes 55 states, commonwealths, and territories that have been approved to
implement the drinking water program within their jurisdictions. It also includes the Navajo Nation. During
calendar year 2009, EPA directly implemented the drinking water program in Wyoming, the District of Columbia,
and throughout all of Indian country, other than the Navajo Nation. EPA is responsible for reporting violations in
areas where the Agency directly implements the program.
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Very small - serving 500 or fewer users
Small - serving 501 to 3,300 users
Medium - serving 3,301 to 10,000 users
Large - serving 10,001-100,000 users
Very large - serving more than 100,000 users
Because of the relationship between system size and the ability to achieve and maintain compliance, the
findings in this report are discussed in terms of system size. In addition, data on very small and small
systems are grouped together for discussion purposes in this report, as are data on large and very large
systems. System size can be linked to a system's ability to maintain or return to compliance following a
violation of a drinking water standard. In general, larger public water systems have the capacity to
maintain compliance more easily than small systems and can return to compliance more quickly than
small systems. This disparity is often the result of differences in financial, administrative, and technical
capacity between large and small systems. Small systems have fewer customers from whom to collect the
funds to purchase and install needed infrastructure and to operate and maintain the system. Similarly,
small systems may be unable or unwilling to charge users rates that are lower than the true cost of
collecting, treating, and distributing the water. Lack of funding may cause small systems to delay needed
capital improvements. Small systems (particularly noncommunity water systems) are often overseen by
part-time administrators who are not environmental professionals, and the pay for the system operators
may not be adequate to attract and keep someone with the necessary training and skills. If there are
violations, small systems may not have the financial or technical capabilities to correct the underlying
problems.
However, EPA believes that noncompliance at any system, irrespective of size, is an issue that should be
addressed as expeditiously as possible. EPA's goal is to ensure that all citizens, including those in Indian
country, are provided safe drinking water. The SDWA PWSS Enforcement Response Policy reiterates
that formal enforcement action should be taken when assistance or informal enforcement action does not
effectively return a system to compliance in a timely manner, regardless of the size, type, owner, operator
or location of the system.
This report discusses the incidence of significant violations as defined by the Safe Drinking Water Act,
including:
all violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of Maximum Contaminant Limits
(MCLs) and violations of treatment technique requirements;
significant notification violations (i.e., complete failure to provide required notification); and
significant monitoring and reporting violations (usually meaning a system took no sample or reported
no results during a compliance period. See Table A-l).
EPA guidance establishes a framework for prioritizing systems for formal enforcement in order to ensure
that those with the most severe violations are addressed. For each drinking water rule, the most serious
violations or combination of frequent or persistent violations are considered significant noncompliance
(SNC).
Source and Quality of Data
The data summarized in this report are housed in the Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal
Version (SDWIS/FED). Public water systems are required to take samples and test their water and report
the results to the agency with primacy for implementing SDWAusually the state in which the system is
located, or to EPA if the system is in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, or Indian country. The primacy
agency reviews the test results and other required reports and determines whether a violation has
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occurred. The primacy agency is required by EPA to enter all violation and enforcement data into
SDWIS; a finding of compliance is not required to be entered into SDWIS.
EPA has evaluated state programs' data quality by conducting data verification audits and triennial
national data quality assessments, comparing primacy agencies' files and records with information in
SDWIS/FED to verify accuracy, completeness and whether compliance determinations are made in
accordance with Federal regulations. The most recent review of 38 states, published in 2006, reported the
following findings:
Approximately 81 percent of the maximum contaminant level (MCL) and surface water treatment
technology (SWTRTT) violations were reported to SDWIS/FED.
Including lead and copper treatment technique (LCR TT) violations, about 62 of health-based (MCL
and TT) violations were reported to SDWIS/FED, where only 8 percent of lead and copper rule TT
violations were reported.
Only approximately 30 percent of the monitoring and reporting (M/R) violations were reported to
SDWIS/FED.
The primary reason for non-reporting was compliance determination error.
Ninety-four percent (94%) of health-based violation data reported in SDWIS/FED were accurate.
Sixty percent of health-based violations, excluding lead and copper TT violations, and 30 percent of
monitoring and reporting violations were reported on time to SDWIS/FED in 2004.
While data completeness is clearly a serious issue, a detailed discussion of the data quality findings is
beyond the scope of this document. The full report, 2006 Drinking Water Data Reliability Analysis and
Action Plan, is available online at
http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/databases/pdfs/report data datareliabilitv 2006.pdf
Based on the incompleteness of the violation data reported by states, EPA recognizes the findings in this
report may underestimate the actual level of noncompliance at PWSs in 2009. EPA is making
information about these violations more transparent to the public as one way to improve data
completeness. EPA continues to work with its state partners to identify and resolve problems that may
have produced data discrepancies in the past and to ensure that complete and accurate documentation is
available to help assess the safety of the nation's drinking water.
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Part 1. Summary of Compliance and E nforcement at PWSs
throughout the U.S. (I ncluding Those in Indian Country)
I nventory of Public Water Systems by Size
The number of systems operating in 2009 was 153,399. The proportion of small systems to the total
number of systems remained consistent with previous years at 94%.
PWSs in U.S. by Size
Total Number of PWSs = 153,399
3%
I Small
I Medium
Large
94%
Population Served by PWS Size
2009 U.S. Population 307 million
13% of
pulation
78% of
population
9% of
population
I Small
I Medium
Large
Small systems comprise the vast majority of all systems, but they serve just 13% of all customers. Small
systems include those serving communities with populations of 3,300 or fewer, as well as offices,
schools, hospitals, gas stations and parks with their own water systems. Large systems serve
communities with populations of 10,001 or greater. These comprise 3 percent of all systems but serve 78
percent of all customers. Because 3 percent of systems are medium-sized and because they serve just 9
percent of customers, they are not discussed separately in this report. Data on medium-sized systems are
included in the discussion of large systems.
Systems with Significant Violations of Any Type
In 2009, about 73 percent (111,196) of public water systems in the U.S., serving approximately 81 of the
population, had no significant violation of any type, as reported by primacy agencies. Please note that all
references to populations served throughout this report are approximate, because most consumers receive
drinking water from more than one system (e.g., at home, at work, at parks or commercial establishments,
etc.). Therefore, adding the number of users of all system types would result in a number greater than the
entire U.S. population.
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Significant violations were reported for 42,203 systems in 2009, representing about 28 percent of all
active systems. This rate remained stable between 2006 and 2009.
Number of Systems with Significant Violations
2006-2009
2006 2007 2008 2009
Note: The total number of systems declined from about 156,182 in
The types of violations that were reported by these 42,203 systems are shown below. Note that the total
of the numbers in the graph is greater than the 42,203 systems that violated at least one rule, because
some systems have violated multiple types of rules.
Number of Systems with Significant
Violations by Violation Type - 2009
Total Number of PWSs = 153,399
30,000 27'094
20,000
Health-based Monitoring Consumer Public
and Reporting Confidence Notification
Systems with Health-Based Violations
EPA's health-based standards are designed to reduce or eliminate contaminants that can negatively
impact human health even with limited exposure. Health-based standards include MCLs and Treatment
Techniques (TTs). An MCL is the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. A TT
is a required treatment process (such as filtration or disinfection) intended to prevent the occurrence of or
deactivate a contaminant in drinking water. Treatment Techniques are adopted where it is not
economically or technologically feasible to monitor the level of a contaminant, such as microbes, where
even single organisms that occur unpredictably or episodically can cause adverse health effects.
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It is important to note that when a public water system violates a health-based standard, the consumers of
that system may be at an increased risk of illness depending upon several factors, including the type and
concentration of the contaminant, and the duration and the magnitude of the exceedance. Systems that
exceed MCLs are required to notify their consumers about the possibility of these increased health risks.
This report categorizes violations of the health-based standards in five categories:
Chemical Contaminants-This category includes rules for organic, volatile organic, inorganic (except
for lead and copper), and radioactive contaminants. Compliance with many organic and inorganic
standards is determined on the basis of a sample being analyzed for multiple contaminants, with one
missed sample resulting in monitoring and reporting violations for each of those contaminant
standards.
Total Coliform Rule (TCR)-Coliform bacteria are usually not a threat to humans, but their presence
in drinking water can indicate a lapse in treatment and the possible presence of other, more dangerous
microbes.
Microbial Contaminants-These contaminants are addressed by the long-term interim enhanced
surface water treatment rule (LTIESWTR), surface water treatment rule (SWTR), interim enhanced
surface water rule (IESWTR), and filter backwash recycling rule (FBRR). This report groups these
rules under SWTR.
Lead and Copper Rule (LCR).
Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule).
Based on data reported by primacy agencies, 93 percent of systems (142,784) had no reported violations
of health-based standards. Conversely, 7 percent of systems (10,615) had reported health-based
violations. These systems served approximately 17.7 million customers in 2009.
Systems with Monitoring and Reporting Violations
If a system does not monitor the quality of its water, it is impossible for primacy agencies to know
whether the system has violated a health-based requirement. For this reason, a system's failure to monitor
and report is a significant violation that must be addressed and corrected.
In 2009, about 18 percent of all public water systems had significant monitoring and reporting violations
(27,094 systems). Approximately 30 percent of these systems had at least one violation of monitoring
and reporting requirements of the Total Coliform Rule.
Contaminant-Related Violations Reported Most Frequently
In 2009, primacy agencies reported 18,169 health-based violations. In 2009, 50% of reported health-
based violations were for the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), making it the most frequently reported health-
based violation in 2009.
In 2009, primacy agencies reported 77,699 significant monitoring and reporting violations. Monitoring
and reporting violations for the Chemical Contaminant Group were the most frequent monitoring and
reporting violations in 2009, at 46%.
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Significant Contaminant-Related Violations by Type -
2009
Number of Health-Based Violations = 18,169
Number of Monitoring & Reporting Violations = 77,699
100%
Chemical TCR
Contaminants
LCR
SWTR
DBPP
I Health-Based Monitoring & Reporting
As context for the total number of violations occurring in a year, it is important to note that public water
systems are subject to numerous rules and standards, depending on their size, type, and source of water.
A large system may be required to sample as many as 480 times in one month under TCR, with the
potential for 5,760 health-based violations in a year for that rule at that one system. A small system may
be required to sample just once a month under the same rule. Similarly, failure to take one required
sample that is used to test for multiple contaminants results in separate monitoring and reporting
violations for each contaminant tested for in the sample.
Systems with Violations of Variances or Exemptions
Under Federal law, states and EPA can grant variances or exemptions to public water systems in limited
circumstances allowing them to install alternative technology or giving them more time to meet a
standard if public health is adequately protected in the interim. No violations of variances or exemptions
were reported by the primacy agencies during 2009.
State and EPA Response to Violations
Assistance
Primacy agencies and EPA engage in a variety of compliance, financial and technical assistance activities
to help public water systems either remain in and return to compliance. Examples include:
Conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys at public water systems (e.g., an on-site review of the
water sources, facilities, equipment, operations, and maintenance to evaluate their adequacy in
producing and distributing safe drinking water);
Helping systems identify and implement preventive measures;
Providing financial assistance for system improvements through the Drinking Water State Revolving
Fund and other state funding programs;
Reviewing water system plans and specifications;
Conducting training sessions;
Holding public information meetings;
Lending specialized monitoring equipment; and
Publishing information and providing training events and other educational opportunities.
10
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E nforcement
When a drinking water violation is identified and a system does not resolve their violation on their own,
or compliance assistance or other non-enforcement actions such as those listed above do not return the
violating system to compliance, EPA program implementation guidelines direct the primacy agency to
initiate an enforcement response. Acceptable enforcement responses are defined in part by the Safe
Drinking Water Act and in part by EPA guidance. Acceptable actions include a variety of escalating
informal and formal actions as the state or EPA attempts to return a violating public water system to
compliance as quickly as possible.
Generally, the primacy agency's first responses to violations are informal actions such as reminder letters,
warning letters, notices of violation, field visits, and telephone calls. In 2009, primacy agencies initiated
169,015 informal actions.
If a violation continues or recurs, the primacy agency must initiate a formal enforcement response that
requires the violating public water system to return to compliance under an enforceable timetable. Formal
enforcement responses include citations, administrative orders with or without penalties, civil referrals to
state attorneys general or to the Department of Justice, filing criminal charges, and other sanctions.
If there is risk to public health, EPA and the state can issue emergency orders that require the public water
system to immediately take action to protect public health and return the system to compliance.
Prioritization of Systems for F ormal E nforcement
EPA guidance establishes a framework for prioritizing systems for formal enforcement to ensure that
those with the most severe violations are addressed quickly. Most drinking water rules contain a specific
definition of significant noncompliance (SNC) specific to that rule, i.e., the violations or combination of
frequent or persistent violations that are considered the most serious. A system may be in significant
noncompliance with more than one rule at the same time. Once a system is determined to be in
significant noncompliance, the system must return to compliance within six months or the primacy
agency or EPA will take formal enforcement action.
As indicated earlier in this report, data reported by primacy agencies indicated that about 28 percent
of systems had significant violations in 2009.
EPA prioritized those systems to identify those in significant noncompl iance and the highest priority
for action by the primacy agency. EPA determined that 13,547 systems (approximately 9 percent of
all systems) were in SNC at some time during calendar year 2009.
o Of the 9 percent of systems in SNC in 2009, over 91 percent were small systems.
EPA monitors the number of systems in SNC in each state and in Indian country. To assist states and
other primacy agencies in reducing the number of systems in SNC, EPA, in 2006, requested that states
address all violations at systems in significant noncompliance, not just the violations that caused them to
become significant non-compliers. In the past some states only addressed significant noncompliance on a
rule-by-rule basis and did not address other minor violations. The result was that a system could return to
compliance with one rule but still remain in significant noncompliance for other rules or otherwise have
violations for other rules. This "whole system" approach led to the number of systems in SNC decreasing
from 12,596 systems in July 2006 to 6,626 in July 2009 (a 47% reduction). EPA fully expects the
number of systems in significant noncompliance to continue this downward trend as this approach
continues.
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Number of Systems insignificant
IMoncompliance
July 2006-July 2009
12,590
July200S
July2007
July 2008
July 2009
Mote: The total number of systems declined from about 15b,lS2in 200bto 15 3,399 in 2009.
In 2009, primacy agencies initiated 4,609 formal enforcement actions in response to drinking water
violations at public water systems in their jurisdictions. The vast majority of these actions were taken by
primacy states. EPA has primacy in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and in Indian country, except
for the Navajo Nation. EPA's actions were primarily in these areas where it has primacy. EPA has also
initiated enforcement action in primacy states, often at a state's invitation.
6000
State and EPA Formal Enforcement
Actions at PWSs
2006-2009
5570
3966
4609
I States
I EPA
2006
2007
2008
2009
Not all significant noncompliance requires formal enforcement action. Some systems return to
compliance on their own without the need for enforcement. Further, EPA guidance allows primacy
agencies to address a system's violations with informal actions before proceeding to formal enforcement
if the violation remains uncorrected. Enforcement actions often address multiple violations at the same
system. Finally, enforcement actions initiated in one year may address violations that first occurred in the
previous year.
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Part 2. Summary of Compliance, E nforcement, and Financial
Assistance at PWSs in I ndian Country
I mplementation of SDWA in I ndian Country
Tribes may apply for eligibility to receive primary enforcement authority (known as primacy) to
administer the drinking water program provided they meet the requirements of Sections 1413 and 1451 of
the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). As of 2009, only the Navajo Nation had received primacy for
most public water systems on the Navajo Reservation. EPA administers the drinking water program in
the rest of Indian country.
Compliance figures for Alaska Native Villages outside of Indian country are not included in this section
of the report. The Alaska Native Villages are not Federally-recognized tribes; therefore, the state of
Alaska is the primacy agency with oversight of these water systems. Similarly, compliance figures for 18
public water systems in Indian country located in Oklahoma are not included in this section of the report.
Oklahoma is the primacy agency for these 18 Federally-recognized systems in Indian country. Most of
the Indian population in Oklahoma is served by public water systems not located on tribal trust land. For
those systems located on trust land that request to be regulated by EPA, Region 6 is the primacy agency
for reporting purposes. In cases where the state retains primacy, this information is found in the state
reports for Alaska and Oklahoma, respectively. However, the state reports do not contain separate
information on these public water systems.
I nventory of Public Water Systems by Size
In 2009, 829 systems served just over 1 million users in Indian country. Small systems comprise 92
percent of all systems in Indian country. These small systems served approximately 40 percent of the
people who received water from public water systems. This is in contrast to the U.S. as a whole including
Indian country, where small systems comprise 94 percent of all systems and serve approximately 13
percent of all customers. The percentage of small PWSs in Indian country with violations is greater than
the percentage of small PWSs outside of Indian country with violations. Thus, customers of PWSs in
Indian country are disproportionately affected by noncompliance challenges shared by small systems.
PWSs in Indian Country by Size in 2009
Total Number of PWS = 829
6% 2%
ISmall
I Medium
Large
92%
Population Served in Indian Country by
PWS Size in 2009
Total population served = 1,050,926
30%
40%
30%
ISmall
Medium
Large
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Systems with Significant Violations of Any Type
In 2009, primacy agencies reported that 48 percent or 396 of the 829 public water systems in Indian
country, serving approximately 557,000 customers, had no significant violation of any type. Conversely,
52 percent of systems had at least one significant violation reported, almost twice the rate outside of
Indian country (28%). This rate has been comparable from 2006-2009, the period for which trends were
calculated. EPA considers this percent of significant violations to be too high, and that further actions are
necessary to improve noncompliance.
Systems with Significant Violations in Indian
Country
2006-2009
July 2006
July 2007
July 2008
July 2009
Note: The total number of systems in Indian country fluctuated between 817 and 829
systems from 2006-2009.
The types of violations reported by the 433 systems (52%) are shown below. Monitoring and reporting
violations comprise the most frequently reported violations of all types across the U.S. and in Indian
country alone.
Note that the total of the numbers in the graph is greater than the 433 systems that violated at least one
rule because one system may have violated multiple types of rules.
400
Systems with Significant Violations in Indian
Country by Type - 2009
Total Number of Systems = 829
Health-based
Monitoring and
Reporting
Consumer
Confidence
Public Notification
14
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Systems with Health-Based Violations
Fourteen percent of systems (119 systems) in Indian country had health-based violations in 2009. These
systems served 177,900 or 17 percent of customers in 2009.
Systems with Significant Monitoring and Reporting Violations
If a system did not monitor the quality of its water, it is impossible to know if it has violated health-based
requirements. For this reason, a system's significant failure to monitor and report is a major violation that
must be addressed and corrected.
Overall the most frequently reported violations are monitoring and reporting violations, both inside Indian
country and outside. In 2009, 336 systems (41%) had significant monitoring and reporting violations.
Contaminant-Related Violations Reported Most Frequently
The most frequently reported contaminant-related violation (67%) among all systems in Indian country in
2009 was monitoring and reporting under the Chemical Contaminant Group.
In 2009, exceedances of the MCL for the Chemical Contaminant Group were the most frequently violated
health-based standards, making up 42% of all health-based violations.
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Significant Contaminant-Related Violations in Indian
Country-2009
Number Health-Based Violations = 293
Number of Monitoring & Reporting Violations = 2351
67%
Chemical TCR
Contaminants
LCR
SWTR DBPP
I Health-Based Monitoring & Reporting
Systems with Violations of Variances or Exemptions
No violations of variances or exemptions were reported by the primacy agencies for Indian country
during 2009.
EPA Response to Violations
EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance identified public water system compliance in
Indian country as a national priority in fiscal year (FY) 2005. In 2009, EPA continued to devote
significant financial and staff resources to improve compliance in Indian country with the SDWA and its
implementing regulations.
15
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Compliance Assistance
EPA's tribal compliance assistance program is designed to help maintain compliance with the SDWA.
EPA works in partnership with utility managers, operators, other tribal environmental staff, and tribal
elected officials to provide safe, clean drinking water to tribe members.
EPA provides compliance assistance to tribal officials through training sessions, newsletters, telephone
support, and system visits. EPA and/or its agents provide on-site assistance to assess current compliance
status, develop monitoring schedules and compliance plans, and conduct sanitary surveys.
EPA coordinates many of these activities with other Federal agencies, including the Indian Health
Service, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Bureau of Reclamation. In addition, non-
governmental organizations and inter-tribal consortia, including the Native American Water Association,
the National Rural Water Association, and the Rural Community Assistance Partnership, work with EPA
and the tribal water system officials to meet the SDWA requirements.
E nforcement
When a public water system in Indian country fails to meet the requirements of the SDWA and
implementing regulations, EPA tries to return the system to compliance using compliance assistance.
Enforcement actions are taken only if compliance assistance does not remedy the violation or an
emergency action is required to immediately protect public health.
If an enforcement action is appropriate, EPA can initiate administrative orders, including emergency
administrative orders, and refer civil and criminal cases to the Department of Justice. The "EPA Policy
for the Administration of Environmental Programs on Indian Reservations" (EPA Indian Policy, 11/8/84)
and the "Guidance on the Enforcement Principles Outlined in the 1984 Indian Policy" (EPA Enforcement
Principles) guide the Agency's approach to bringing civil administrative or judicial enforcement actions in
Indian country.
Prioritization of Systems for F ormal E nforcement
EPA generally designates a public water system to be in significant noncompliance (SNC) if the system
has serious, frequent or persistent violations for a specific regulation that may pose a threat to public
health. This enables the states and EPA to prioritize enforcement resources to ensure that the most severe
violations are addressed first. A system can be designated in SNC if it has a poor monitoring and
reporting history, even if there are no reported health-based violations.
Of the 829 public water systems in Indian country, EPA determined that 107 systems (approximately
13%) were in significant noncompliance with one or more drinking water standards at some time
during calendar year 2009. This compares with 9% of systems in the U.S. as a whole. EPA believes
that this rate of noncompliance is too high and that more needs to be done to improve compliance.
16
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Systems in Significant Noncompliance at Least
Part of 2009
Number of Systems in U.S. including Indian Country = 153,399
Number of Systems in Indian Country Alone = 829
U.S. including
Indian Country
Indian Country
Alone
Of the 107 systems in significant noncompliance, 95 percent of these systems were small.
o In 2009, EPA took 15 formal enforcement actions at tribal systems.
F inancial Assistance to PWSs in I ndian Country
EPA provides financial assistance to public water systems in Indian country to help build water system
infrastructure for compliance with the SDWA. In addition, EPA's Indian General Assistance Program
provides grants to plan, develop, and establish environmental protection programs, including drinking
water programs. Capacity building is a long-term solution that includes providing financial,
administrative, and technical assistance as they develop their environmental programs.
EPA also uses funds for specific drinking water program priorities. EPA set aside $6,378,300 in FY 2009
for activities to support Tribal Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Programs. EPA uses these
funds to operate the PWSS program in Indian country. The Navajo Nation, as a program with primacy,
also received financial support from PWSS funds. These funds are used to implement the PWSS
program, including activities such as:
Conducting sanitary surveys;
Engineering support and on-site technical services to assist tribes with drinking water operations and
maintenance.
Providing training to tribal operators;
Compiling and analyzing compliance information; and
Responding to violations.
EPA also distributes funds to improve the infrastructure of water systems to achieve compliance. Each
year, 1.5% of the appropriation for the national Drinking Water State Revolving Fund program is set
aside for American Indian communities and Alaska Native Villages. The FY 2009 set-aside amounted to
$12,435,000. These funds are used for:
Distribution system improvements;
Community water system extensions;
Replacement of water mains;
Adding new wells;
Treatment improvements;
Construction of new pumphouses; and
Consolidation of systems to leverage resources and achieve economies of scale.
Finally, through cooperative agreements with other Federal agencies, small public water systems in
Indian country receive training and technical assistance, wellhead and groundwater protection, and source
water protection.
17
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Part 3. Conclusions and Recommendations
Compliance and E nforcement at PWSs in U.S.
The data submitted by primacy agencies indicate that 73 percent of public water systems in the U.S. had
no significant violation of any type. Conversely, 27 percent of systems did have at least one significant
violation. That rate remained fairly constant between 2006 and 2009, the period for which trends were
calculated.
The data submitted by primacy agencies indicate that 7 percent of public water systems, serving about
17.7 million customers, had violations of health-based standards in 2009. EPA believes that these rates
are too high and that additional efforts are necessary to improve compliance.
In 2009, about 27,094, or 18 percent, of all public water systems had significant monitoring and reporting
violations.
In 2006, EPA and states began addressing noncompliance at violating systems all at once rather than
addressing violations of one rule at multiple systems. This change in approach has resulted in a steady
decrease in the number of systems in significant noncompliance at the same point in time (July) from one
year to the next. The number of such systems has dropped from over 12,000 in 2006 to about 6,700 in
2009. This represents a decrease of about 47 percent from 2006. EPA expects this trend to continue as
the SDWA Enforcement Response Policy, issued in December 2009, is implemented.
Compliance and E nfor cement at PWSs in I ndian Country
In 2009, primacy agencies reported that 48 percent of systems (396) in Indian country had a significant
violation of some type. This rate has fluctuated somewhat since 2006, ranging from 48-61 percent of all
systems in Indian country. These rates are consistently and significantly higher in Indian country than
outside of Indian country.
Systems with Significant Violations - 2009
Number of Systems in U.S. including Indian Country = 153,399
Number of Systems in Indian Country Alone = 829
U.S. including Indian Indian Country Alone
Country
EPA regions reported that 14 percent of the public water systems in Indian country had health-based
violations in 2009.
18
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EPA regions reported that 41 percent of systems in Indian country had significant monitoring and
reporting violations in 2009. This is of concern because if a system does not monitor and report on the
quality of its water, it is impossible to know if there are health-based violations.
As with systems outside of Indian country, the number of Indian country systems in significant
noncompliance at the same point in time (July) from one year to the next. The decrease has been less
dramatic than in the U.S. as a whole, but EPA expects the trend to continue as the 2009 SDWA
Enforcement Response Policy is implemented.
Conclusions
The rates at which violations occur, according to data provided by primacy agencies, was substantially
unchanged from 2008 and in fact over four years for which trends were calculated.
However, the number of systems in significant noncompliance at the same point in time from one year to
the next has decreased steadily. This reflects efforts on the part of EPA and states to provide assistance
and other informal means to prevent noncompliance, address violations in a timely manner, and return
violating systems to compliance as expeditiously as possible. EPA believes that these rates are too high
and that additional efforts are necessary to improve compliance.
EPA recognizes that drinking water systems in Indian country are much more likely than those outside of
Indian country to be in significant noncompliance. EPA is redoubling its efforts to prevent and address
noncompliance in Indian country in an effort to reduce the disparity.
Compliance statistics are based on violations reported by states to the Safe Drinking Water Information
System. EPA is aware of inaccuracies and underreporting of some data in this system. EPA is working
with the states to improve the quality of the data.
Recommendations
1. Improve Compliance Rates
States, territories, Navajo Nation, and EPA should continue working together to return violating systems
to compliance, as efficiently and effectively as possible. Pursuing the more holistic, systems-based
approach to addressing noncompliance in all regions and states is an important element of improving
performance among public water systems.
2. I mprove Data Quality
Without accurate and complete data from primacy agencies, EPA cannot fulfill its oversight responsibility
to fully assess the state of compliance at the nation's public water systems. At the same time, complete
and accurate information is not available to the public. For these reasons, data quality improvement
should remain a high priority for EPA and the states.
Some of the next steps EPA, states, and the drinking water stakeholders have agreed to undertake include:
Improving transparency to the public about compliance at PWSs via EPA's ECHO (Enforcement and
Compliance History Online, http://www.epa-echo.gov/echo/) website and providing online error
reporting;
Streamlining data reporting;
Conducting more training to ensure regulatory staff can accurately determine compliance with
drinking water rules and data entry staff can upload complete and accurate data to SDWIS/FED;
19
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Encouraging states to issue annual reminders to water systems of their compliance monitoring
schedules;
Working with the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators to implement its updated 2006
Data Reliability Analysis and Action Plan (DRAAP)
http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/databases/pdfs/report data datareliabilitv 2006.pdf;
Negotiating grant conditions with several states to encourage them to follow quality assurance/quality
control plans for drinking water violation data reported to EPA and address the differences in
interpretation of the regulation; and
Working with all states to implement the EPA Order CIO 2105.0 dealing with requirements for
quality management systems.
3. Maintain Oversight of State and E PA E nforcement Programs
EPA regions continue to work with states to evaluate how well public water systems comply with the
rules and whether enforcement actions are protecting public health.
In December 2009, EPA issued a revised SDWA Enforcement Response Policy to regions and states.
The revised policy includes a formula for prioritizing systems in significant noncompliance for formal
enforcement action to ensure that the most important problems are addressed in a timely and appropriate
manner and systems are returned to compliance. The policy establishes a timeframe within which regions
and states are asked to address all significant noncompliance at a system, rather than on a rule-by-rule
basis. This approach, developed in partnership with regions and states, has been implemented on an ad
hoc basis for several years, and has been successful in reducing the number of systems with unaddressed
significant noncompliance. Given the potential lag time between identification of noncompliance and the
subsequent return to compliance, compliance data may not reflect results of implementing this new policy
for one or two years.
4. Capacity Development for Small Systems
EPA recognizes the challenges facing small drinking water systems serving 3,300 or fewer customers,
and provides tools and assistance for capacity development, which refers to the technical, financial and
managerial capacity of a system to provide safe drinking water. The SDWA Capacity Development
program also provides information about treatment technology options for small systems. Examples of
EPA's capacity development include:
States and EPA promoting compliance with existing drinking water requirements by conducting
numerous assistance activities, such as on-site visits and the distribution of easy-to-read guides and
checklists.
EPA funding, establishing, and maintaining the Local Government Environmental Assistance
Network (LGEAN) website, a source of free information on current and developing SDWA
requirements (as well as technical assistance, peer counseling, and financial guidance). LGEAN can
be accessed on the internet at www.lgean.org or by calling toll-free 1-877-TO-LGEAN (865-4326).
EPA establishing and maintaining the Financing for Environmental Compliance website to provide
financial and technical assistance resources to help communities create a plan to finance
environmental capital assets. The website can be accessed at:
http://www.epa.gov/compliance/assistance/financing/steps.
EPA developing tools and resources that can assist small systems with implementing drinking water
regulations and managing their systems while still providing adequate public health protection. These
tools and resources can be accessed at http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/drink/pws/smallsystems/index.cfm.
5. E nforcement
20
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The states and EPA are pursuing enforcement actions against violating public water systems both to
deter violations and to ensure public health protection.
The Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance made compliance at public water systems in
Indian country a national priority between 2005 and 2009. As a part of this effort, EPA worked
closely with tribal governments, utility managers and water system operators with particular emphasis
on compliance with microbial rules and standards for nitrates. EPA also enhanced the availability of
SDWA compliance assistance available to tribes via the Tribal Portal at
http://www.epa.gov/tribalcompliance/drinkwater/index.html
Until 2006, states and regions addressed noncompliance in their jurisdictions focusing on one rule at a
time. A system could be returned to compliance with one rule but still be out of compliance with
other rules. In 2006, EPA began asking states and regions to address all noncompliance at a system at
one time, rather than addressing noncompliance one rule at a time. This change in practice
represented a more efficient use of resources, and has resulted in a steady decline in the number of
systems in significant noncompliance at the same time each year. Between 2006 and 2009, the
number of systems in significant noncompliance in July of each year decreased from 12,596 to 6,466,
a decrease of 47 percent.
EPA, in December 2009, issued a revised enforcement response policy that clarifies state and Federal
roles and responsibilities, timeframes, and mechanisms for returning violating systems to compliance
(described above under "3. Maintain Oversight of State and EPA Programs"). Simultaneously, EPA
began using a process to prioritize violating systems for formal enforcement based on weighted
factors, such as type of violation, duration of noncompliance, and repeat offenses. This tool is
expected to ensure that enforcement resources are directed to noncompliant systems where they will
have greatest impact on protecting public health.
An important component of implementing this new policy is ensuring that compliance and
enforcement data are entered accurately, completely, and in a timely manner by EPA, states and tribes
with primacy. EPA is confident that these efforts will better target enforcement resources to systems
that pose the greatest risk to public health, and will help improve the quality and quantity of data
available to the public, and for monitoring and implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA).
21
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Appendix A - Glossary of Terms
Administrative Order
Formal enforcement actions issued by EPA or a state requiring action to address noncompliance at a
public water system, usually by means of a compliance schedule with enforceable milestone dates.
Chemical Rules
Refers collectively to regulations that protect the public from unsafe levels of organic chemicals,
inorganic chemicals (including lead and copper), and radioactivity in drinking water.
Community Water System
A public water system that serves at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or
regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents (e.g., homes, apartments and condominiums that are
occupied year-round as primary residences).
Consumer Confidence Rule (CCR)
Requires community water systems to prepare and provide to their customers annual consumer
confidence reports on the quality of the water delivered by the systems.
Disinfection/Disinfectant By-Product Rule (DBPR)
Applies to community water systems and nontransient non-community systems, including those serving
fewer than 10,000 people, that add a disinfectant to the drinking water during any part of the treatment
process. The Stage 1 DBPR specifically addresses risks associated with disinfectants and disinfectant
byproducts. This rule was published concurrently with the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment
Rule (IESWTR), which addresses control of microbial pathogens.
Federally-recognized I ndian Tribe
An Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo, community, or Alaska Native Village that the Secretary of the
Interior acknowledges to exist as an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List
Act of 1994, 25 U.S.C. Section 479a. Maintained by the Department of the Interior, the list of Federally-
recognized tribes is updated periodically and published in the Federal Register. The latest list of
Federally-recognized Indian tribes is available at 74 Federal Register (FR) 40218 (August 11, 2009).
Health-based Violation
A violation of either a Maximum Contaminant Level or a Treatment Technique requirement.
I nterim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (I ESWTR)
Applies to systems using surface water, or groundwater under the direct influence of surface water, that
serve more than 10,000 persons. The rule also includes provisions for states to conduct sanitary surveys
for surface water systems regardless of system size.
Large System
A public water system that serves more than 10,000 people.
Lead and Copper Rule(LCR)
Requires a public water system to take steps to minimize the risk of exposure to lead and copper in
drinking water by monitoring for these contaminants, installing corrosion control where required, and,
where necessary, educating the public about ways to reduce exposure. A system may also be required to
treat its source water or replace lead service lines.
A-l
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Maximum Contaminant Level
The maximum permissible level of a contaminant in water delivered to any user of a public water system.
Monitoring and Reporting Violation
Refers to either a violation of a monitoring and reporting schedule or violation of contaminant-specific
minimum testing schedules and operational reporting requirements. Those monitoring and reporting
violations considered "significant" for the purposes of the state and national public water system
compliance reports are described below in Table A-l.
Non-transient Non-community Water System
A non-community public water system that regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons over six
months per year. A typical example of a non-transient non-community water system is a school or an
office building that has its own water source, such as a drinking water well.
Primacy
The Safe Drinking Water Act requires EPA, states, and Tribes to work as partners to ensure delivery of
safe drinking water to the public. Any state or Indian Tribe can request responsibility for operation and
oversight of the drinking water program within its borders. In order to receive this responsibility (called
"primary enforcement authority" or "primacy"), a state or Tribe must show that, among other things, it
has adopted drinking water regulations that are at least as stringent as Federal regulations, and
demonstrate its capacity both to enforce those regulations and to implement other activities necessary to
ensure compliance.
In the absence of state or Tribal primacy, EPA assumes responsibility for administering the drinking
water program for that area. Of the 56 eligible States (defined to include Commonwealths, Territories,
and the District of Columbia), all but Wyoming and the District of Columbia have primacy. During
calendar year 2009, the EPA Regional Offices administered the drinking water program within these two
jurisdictions and on all Tribal lands, except for the Navajo Nation.
Public Water System (PWS)
A system for the provision to the public of water for human consumption through pipes or other
constructed conveyances, if such system has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves at least 25
individuals at least 60 days out of the year. A public water system can be either a community water
system, a non-transient non-community water system, or a transient non-community water system.
Radionuclides
Radioactive particles, such as radium-226, radium-228, gross alpha, and beta particle/photon
radioactivity, can occur naturally in water or may result from human activity. EPA has established MCLs
for uranium, beta/photon emitters, alpha emitters, and combined radium 226/228.
Significant Violations
Significant violations include all violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of
Maximum Contaminant Limits (MCLs) and violations of treatment technique rules; certain notification
violations (i.e., complete failure to provide required notification); and major monitoring and reporting
violations (failure to sample or to report results during a compliance period).
Small Systems
Public water systems that serve no more than 3,300 people.
Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)
A-2
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The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires a public water system served by surface water or by
groundwater under the influence of surface water to take steps (such as disinfection, filtration followed by
disinfection, or watershed control) to reduce potential exposure to microbiological contamination.
Total Coliform Rule(TCR)
The Total Coliform Rule establishes limits on coliform bacteria in water distribution systems. Although
coliform bacteria, which are found in decaying organic material and in the intestinal tract of humans and
animals, are usually not harmful to human health, their presence may indicate the presence of other, more
dangerous microbial contamination.
Transient Non-community Water System
A non-community water system that regularly serves at least 25 people (but not the same 25) over six
months per year. A typical example is a campground or a highway rest stop that has its own water source,
such as a drinking water well.
Treatment Technique
In cases where EPA has determined it is not technically or economically feasible to establish an MCL, the
Agency can instead specify a treatment technique. These are treatment methods required by EPA to
minimize the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
Variances and Exemptions
A public water system that cannot comply with a drinking water standard because of poor source water
quality, or, in the case of small systems, inadequate financial resources, can be granted a variance to
comply with less stringent, but still protective standards based on a specific EPA-approved technology
available to the system. An exemption allows a PWS with compelling circumstances (including economic
considerations) additional time to achieve compliance with applicable SDWA requirements, so long as
public health is adequately protected.
A-3
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TABLE A-1: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING AND REPORTING VIOL AT IONS FOR
ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS
Rule
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule
Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule/
Long Term 1
Lead and
Copper R ule
Violation Type
Major routine
Major repeat
Major (filtered)
Major (unfiltered)
Major
Major
Major
Major
Major
Major
Major
N/A
Initial lead and
copper tap
Follow-up or routine
lead and copper tap
Description
No samples collected during a compliance
period.
No follow-up samples collected after a positive
total coliform sample or no speciation.
Collected less than 90% of samples required
during a compliance period.
Collected less than 90% of samples required
during a compliance period.
Failure to produce and/or report to state
individual filter profile within 7 days of
exceedance (>0.5 NTU in 2 consecutive
measurements taken 15 minutes apart).
Failure to produce and/or report to state
individual filter profile within 7 days of
exceedance (>1.0 NTU in 2 consecutive
measurements taken 15 minutes apart).
Failure to conduct and/or report to state a self-
assessment of an individual filter within 14 days
of exceedance (>1 .0 NTU in 2 consecutive
measurements taken 1 5 minutes apart in each of
3 consecutive months).
Failure to have a CPE conducted by state or third
party no later than 30 days after exceedance (>2.0
MTU in 2 consecutive measurements taken 15
minutes apart in 2 consecutive months) and have
the CPE completed and submitted to the state no
later than 90 days following the exceedance.
Failure to collect and report at least 90% of
required samples.
Failure to report that the system has conducted
all individual filter monitoring to the state within
10 days after the end of each month.
Failure to report that the system has exceeded 1 .0
NTU (or maximum set by state) in representative
samples by end of next business day.
Failure to maintain the results of individual filter
monitoring for at least 3 years.
Either failed to collect the initial tap samples,
and then failed to correct that omission within a)
3 months for large systems, b) 6 months for
medium systems or c) 12 months for small
systems; or failed to submit the associated report.
Failure to collect 1 or more required samples.
SDWIS
Violation
Code1
23
25
36
31
29
38
9
51
52
SDWIS
Contaminant
Code
3100
3100
200
200
300
5000
5000
A-4
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TABLE A-1: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING AND REPORTING VIOL AT IONS FOR
ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS
Rule
Stage 1 Disinfection
Byproducts
C
h
e
m
Phasel, II, MB and
V Rules
Radionuclides
Violation Type
Regular monitoring
Regular monitoring
Regular monitoring
Description
Failure to collect any required samples2.
Failure to collect any required samples .
Failure to collect any required samples2.
SDWIS
Violation
Code1
27
03,04
03,04
SDWIS
Contaminant
Code
By contaminant
By contaminant
4000, 4100,
4010,4006,
4101,4102,4174
1 EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/FED) makes no distinction between the sampling violations and the reporting violations
associated with a sample collection requirement. Both violations are reported under the same violation code.
2 Failure to collect "any required sample" means none of the required samples were collected.
A-5
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TABLE A-2: SUMMARY OF DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS FOR
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS DURING 2009
Applicability of Regulations
Contaminant/R ule
Organic Contaminants
Total Trihalomethanes
Contaminants (TTHM)
1 norganic Contaminants
(IOCS)
Nitrate and Nitrite
Contaminants
Radionuclide Contaminants
Total Coliform R ule
SurfaceWater Treatment
Lead and Copper Rule
1 nterim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule
Stage 1
Disinfectant/Disinfection By-
Product Rule
Filter Backwash Recycling
Rule
Public Notification
Consumer Confidence Rule
Community Water Systems
All
All PWSs, using surface water or
ground water under the direct
influence of surface water
(GWUDI), which disinfect their
water (a.k.a. Subpart H systems)
All
All
All
All
Some
Only PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI
All
For sanitary surveys all PWSs
using surface water or GWUDI;
for other requirements those
systems serving 10,000 or more
people
All PWSs adding a disinfectant to
the drinking water
Conventional or direct filtration
PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener supernatant,
or liquids from dewatering
processes
All
All
Non-Transient Non-
Community Water Systems
All (Note: acrylamide and
epichlorohydrin do not have
MCLs and only have treatment
techniques)
All PWSs, using surface water
or GWUDI, which disinfect
their water (a.k.a. Subpart H
systems)
Prior to the 2001 Arsenic Rule,
all lOCs except for arsenic.
After the 2001 Arsenic Rule all
lOCs.
All
None
All
Some
Only PWSs using surface water
or GWUDI
All
For sanitary surveys all PWSs
using surface water or GWUDI;
for other requirements those
systems serving 10,000 or more
people
All PWSs adding disinfectant to
the drinking water
Conventional or direct filtration
PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener
supernatant, or liquids from
dewatering processes
All
None
Transient Non-Community
Water Systems
None
All PWSs, using surface water
or GWUDI, which disinfect
their water (a.k.a. Subpart H
systems)
None
All
None
All
Some
Only PWSs using surface water
or GWUDI
None
For sanitary surveys all PWSs
using surface water or GWUDI;
for other requirements those
systems serving 10,000 or more
people
Those PWSs using chlorine
dioxide
Conventional or direct filtration
PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener
supernatant, or liquids from
dewatering processes
All
None
A-6
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Appendix B Summaries of State Annual
Compliance Reports
C ontents
Alabama B -6
Alaska B-7
American Samoa B-8
Arizona B-9
Arkansas B-10
California B-ll
Colorado B-12
Connecticut B-13
Delaware B-14
District of Columbia B-15
Florida B-16
Georgia B-17
Guam B-18
Hawaii B-19
Idaho B-20
Illinois B-21
Indiana B-22
Iowa B-23
Kansas B-24
Kentucky B-25
Louisiana B-26
Maine B-27
Maryland B-28
Massachusetts B-29
Michigan B-30
Minnesota B-31
Mississippi B-32
Missouri B-3 3
Montana B-34
Navajo Nation B-35
Nebraska B-36
Nevada B-37
New Hampshire B-38
New Jersey B-39
New Mexico B-40
New York B-41
North Carolina B-42
North Dakota B-43
Northern Mariana Islands B-44
Ohio B-45
Oklahoma B-46
Oregon B -47
Pennsylvania B-48
Puerto Rico B-49
Rhode Island B-50
South Carolina B-51
South Dakota B-52
Tennessee B-53
Texas B-54
Utah B-55
Vermont B-56
Virgin Islands B-57
Virginia B-58
Washington B-59
West Virginia B-60
Wisconsin B-61
Wyoming B -62
B-l
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This Appendix presents a summary of each primacy agency
report in a standardized format. The format includes an
overall summary of the violations data specified in Section
1414 of the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA)
Amendments (i.e., violations with respect to maximum
contaminant levels (MCLs), treatment technique violations,
significant monitoring and reporting requirements,
significant notification violations and variances and
exemptions).
This Appendix summarizes the data reported by states,
Commonwealths, Territories, and tribes, but does not
interpret it. Therefore, other factors must be taken into
account before drawing conclusions about a program. For
example, PWSs are required to report all violations to the
primacy agency, but drinking water programs vary in the
regulations they choose to emphasize. A primacy agency
that decided to focus attention and resources on one
particular rule may have discovered and reported many
more violations of that rule than a primacy agency that
chose to focus on a different rule. A disproportionate
number of violations in a state, Commonwealth, Territory,
or tribe could also indicate that the primacy agency needs
to work with its PWSs to improve their compliance.
Readers are cautioned to view the violations data provided
in the summaries within the context of each primacy
agency and its individual drinking water program.
In 2009, EPA received Public Water System Compliance
Reports from 33 of the 55 primacy states, Commonwealths,
Territories and tribes. As in past years, American Samoa,
Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Navajo Nation did
not submit reports and, with limited exceptions, did not
supply information to SDWIS/FED. EPA did not receive
reports from 22 primacy agencies as indicated in Table B-l.
Appendix B supplies what information is available in
SDWIS/FED to indicate violations at public water systems
in the states, Commonwealths, Territories and tribes that did
not submit compliance reports in 2009.
EPA prepared reports for the District of Columbia and
Wyoming, which did not have primary enforcement
responsibility for drinking water in calendar year 2009.
Violations for 2009
EPA summarizes the number of MCL/Maximum
Disinfectant Residual Level (MDRL), treatment technique
and significant monitoring and reporting violations1 reported
by each state in six categories:
Violations of chemical contaminant requirements2
Violations of the Total Coliform Rule
Violations of the Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, Long
Term Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and
Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Violations of the Lead and Copper Rule
Significant Notification or Consumer Confidence Rule
Violations
Violations of the Disinfection/Disinfectant Byproducts
Rule.
EPA summarizes the numbers of individual public water
systems in violation in each of these six categories, as
reported by the state. If a state's report did not include
information in a category, EPA's summary notes the
omission.
2009 Totals
EPA also summarizes the total number of systems in each
state, the total number of significant violations reported and
the total number of PWSs in violation, if the state reported
this information. When states did not provide information
on the total number of public water systems, EPA supplied
that information from the SDWIS/FED.
Systems in Violation
Systems in Violation is defined as the number of different
systems with a reported violation of this type. Some states
counted a system with multiple violations or violations in
more than one category as one violating system. Other states
counted a violating system each time it had a violation, or
once for each of the regulatory categories in which it had a
violation. If EPA's review of a state's report indicated some
violating systems were counted more than once, an asterisk
notes that the state's number possibly overcounts violating
systems.
Variances and Exemptions
No states reported a violation of a variance or exemption in
2009.
WheretoObtain the 2009 Annual Public Water Systems
Report
If a primacy agency's report includes information on how to
obtain a copy of the report, that information is provided on
the primacy agency's summary page in this Appendix.
A comprehensive definition of significant monitoring and reporting violations
appears in Appendix A.
MCL and significant monitoring violations for organic, inorganic, total
trihalomethane (TTHM), nitrate and nitrite, and radionuclide contaminants.
B-2
-------
Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported in the 2009 State Reports
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Navajo Nation
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Mariana
Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Submitted
Report
Reported on Violation Categories
OCR
MCL
M/R
TT
Reported
onV/E
Provided
Inventory
Information
Identified
Size and
Type of
Violating
Systems
Discussed
Compliance
and
Enforcement
Responses
Identified
Each System
with MCL
andTT
Violations
Provided
Information
to Public
on
Availability
Provided
Additional
Information1
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
B-3
-------
Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported in the 2009 State Reports
State
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Submitted
Report
X
Reported on Violation Categories
OCR
X
MCL
X
M/R
X
TT
X
Reported
onV/E
Provided
Inventory
Information
X
Identified
Size and
Type of
Violating
Systems
Discussed
Compliance
and
Enforcement
Responses
Identified
Each System
with MCL
andTT
Violations
X
Provided
Information
to Public
on
Availability
Provided
Additional
Information1
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
REPORT NOT SUBMITTED.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
B-4
-------
Table B-2: Summary of the Total Number of Regulated Systems, Systems with Significant
Violations and Significant Violations Reported in the 2009 State Reports or SDWIS/FED
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Total
Number of
Regulated
Systems
620
1,573
16
1,590
1,119
7,223
2,035
2,692
486
7
5,592
2,467
9
129
1,973
5,686
4,240
1,984
1,033
479
1,436
1,910
3,488
1,780
11,450
7,224
1,273
2,788
695
Total Number of
Systems with
Significant
Violations
NR
665
NR
NR
332
NR
717*
NR
72
1
914
NR
NR
18
NR
1,119
1,647
546**
272
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
1 ,347**
NR
NR
NR
NR
Total
Number of
Significant
Violations
361
2,202
65
3,254
606
2,577
2,560
2,849
105
1
1,193
1,481
1
18
1,701
4,954
4,396
1,114
526
494
715
1,515
1,260
469
2,163
419
423
NR
1,902
State
Navajo Nation
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Mariana Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Number of
Regulated
Systems
163
1,328
552
2,413
3,864
1,221
9,147
6,268
499
88
4,985
1,568
2,630
9,380
493
484
1,493
655
868
6,859
1,015
1,365
301
2,879
4,341
1,106
1 1 ,422
778
Total Number of
Systems with
Significant
Violations
NR
294
204
NR
NR
451**
4,145
NR
98
NR
NR
999***
NR
2,779**
NR
151
NR
188**
159
NR
NR
507
NR
885
NR
NR
NR
124
Total
Number of
Significant
Violations
151
532
606T
1,202
1,741
843|
7,484
4,173
164
117
2,363
3.646T
5,727
9.284T
2,419
219
233
606
253
3,073
2,156
1,167
522
2,395
7,439
2,521
2,609
193
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**Possible overcounting of violating systems. Includes systems violating public notification requirements.
The total number of violating systems in the report does not include systems violating Stage 2 DBPR.
tThe total number of violations in the report differs from the calculated total.
B-5
-------
State of Alabama 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule,
Interim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule, Long
Term Enhanced Surface Water
Treatment Rule and Filter
Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
25
25**
Systems in
Violation
0
23
15**
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
1
NR**
Systems in
Violation
1
1
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
193
19
0
73
21
3
Systems in
Violation
34*
17
0
61
21
3
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
620
NR
361
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Alabama did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-6
-------
State of Alaska 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
12
21
73
Systems in
Violation
7
17
20
Treatment Technique
Violations
125
15
7
Systems in
Violation
48
13
5
Significant Monitoring
Violations
337
657
236
425
93
201
Systems in
Violation
76
387
70
236
43
101
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,573
665
2,202
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Alaska's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Web Site: http://www.dec.state.ak.us/eh/dw/dwmain/violations.html
Alaska DEC
Drinking Water Program
555 Cordova Street
Anchorage, AK 99501
Contact: Jeanine Oakland
Email: jeanine.oakland@alaska.gov
B-7
-------
State of American Samoa 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
60
0
Systems in
Violation
0
6
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
5
0
0
Systems in
Violation
5
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
0
0
0
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
16
NR
65
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
American Samoa did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-8
-------
State of Arizona 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
204
79
0
Systems in
Violation
81
62
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
568
919
0
499
500
485
Systems in
Violation
144*
481
0
306
295
241
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,590
NR
3,254
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Arizona did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-9
-------
State of Arkansas 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
21
121
92
Systems in
Violation
5*
100
45
Treatment Technique
Violations
24
13
2
Systems in
Violation
12
11
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
215
26
44
27
21
Systems in
Violation
0
151
13
32
27
12
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,119
332
606
Where to Obtain 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Arkansas' State Report is available at all local health units in Arkansas or by accessing the state's website.
Website: http://www.healthyarkansas.com/eng/viol.htm
B-10
-------
State of California 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
548
476
192**
Systems in
Violation
224
346
61**
Treatment Technique
Violations
149
8
NR**
Systems in
Violation
59
7
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
79
459
17
369
260
34
Systems in
Violation
72*
358
8
341
191
22
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,223
NR
2,577
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
California did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-ll
-------
State of Colorado 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
86
68
35
Systems in
Violation
60
49
13
Treatment Technique
Violations
32
1
2
Systems in
Violation
17
1
2
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,525
363
109
170
12
157
Systems in
Violation
186
260
60
138
12
123
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,035
717*
2,560
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Colorado's State Report is available by contacting:
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
Water Quality Control Division/Compliance Assurance Section
Attention: Annual Compliance Report
CADM-B2
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
Denver, CO 80246
Rick Koplitz
WQCD Drinking Water Compliance Assurance Unit
Telephone: (303) 692-3664
Email: rick.koplitz@state.co.us
B-12
-------
State of Connecticut 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
206
239
1
Systems in
Violation
40*
163
1
Treatment Technique
Violations
NR
1
0
Systems in
Violation
NR
1
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,685
467
NR
45
150
55
Systems in
Violation
137*
342
NR
45
112
29
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,692
NR
2,849
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Connecticut's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Drinking Water Section offices
Department of Public Health
450 Capitol Avenue
Hartford, CT 06106-1365
Telephone: (860) 509-7333
Website: http://www.ct.gov/dph
B-13
-------
State of Delaware 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
26*
43
3
Systems in
Violation
18*
41
3
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
28
5
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
28
5
0
*The state report gives different counts in several tables in the report. Counts from the summary table are shown here.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
486
72
105
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Delaware's State Report is available by contacting:
Office of Drinking Water
Division of Public Health
Blue Hen Corporate Center
655 South Bay Road, Suite 203
Dover, Delaware 19901
Telephone: (302) 741-8630
Fax:(302)741-8631
B-14
-------
District of Columbia 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
1
0
Systems in
Violation
0
1
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
0
0
0
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7
1
1
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
District of Columbia's Report is available by contacting:
Jennie Perey Saxe, Ph.D.
District of Columbia PWSS Direct Implementation Team Leader
Drinking Water Branch (3WP21)
U.S. EPA Region 3
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029
Phone:(215)814-5806
Fax:(215)814-2318
E-mail :saxe.jennie@epa.gov
Website: http://www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/drinkingwater/Dcdrinking/index.htm
B-15
-------
State of Florida 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
30
157
224
Systems in
Violation
20*
135
93
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
105
347
0
87
16
227
Systems in
Violation
101
268
0
76
16
209
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,592
914
1,193
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Florida's State Report is available by accessing the state's website:
Website: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/drinkingwater
B-16
-------
State of Georgia 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
92
76
22*
Systems in
Violation
26
68
21*
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
2
NR*
Systems in
Violation
1
2
NR*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1
367
0
438
471
11
Systems in
Violation
1
278
0
337
370
11
*MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,467
NR
1,481
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Georgia did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-17
-------
Guam 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
1
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
1
0
0
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9
NR
1
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Guam did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-18
-------
State of Hawaii 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
3
0
Systems in
Violation
0
3
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
2
0
0
Systems in
Violation
2
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
6
1
1
5
0
0
Systems in
Violation
6
1
1
5
0
0
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
129
18
18
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Hawaii's State Report is available by contacting:
Hawaii Department of Health
Environmental Management Division
Safe Drinking Water Branch
919 Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 308
Honolulu, HI 96814-4920
Attention: Stuart Yamada, P.E., Chief
Telephone: (808) 586-4258
Fax: (808) 586-4351
E-mail: sdwb@doh.hawaii.gov
B-19
-------
State of Idaho 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
129
181
5**
Systems in
Violation
52
143
4**
Treatment Technique
Violations
17
1
NR**
Systems in
Violation
9
1
NR"
Significant Monitoring
Violations
840
391
13
47
0
77
Systems in
Violation
198*
282
11
42
0
45
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,973
NR
1,701
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Idaho did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-20
-------
State of Illinois 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
216
147
32
Systems in
Violation
65*
141
14
Treatment Technique
Violations
14
7
6
Systems in
Violation
9
7
3
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,921
185
0
70
213
143
Systems in
Violation
677*
172
0
70
88
131
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,686
1,119
4,954
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Illinois' State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Illinois EPA
Bureau of Water, Compliance Assurance Section
1021 North Grand Avenue East
Springfield, IL 62794
Contact: Mike Crumly
Email: mike.crumly@illinois.gov
Telephone: (217) 785-0561
Fax:(217)557-1407
Website: http://www.epa.state.il.us/water/compliance/drinking-water/compliance-report/index.html
B-21
-------
State of Indiana 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
69
365
31
Systems in
Violation
45*
319
10
Treatment Technique
Violations
5
0
4
Systems in
Violation
3
0
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2,182
1,520
1
116
48
55
Systems in
Violation
468*
1,075
1
92
37
30
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,240
1,647
4,396
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Indiana's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Indiana Department of Environmental Management
Office of Water Management
Drinking Water Branch
Telephone: (317) 234-7435
Website: http://www.in.gov/idem/5093.htm
B-22
-------
State of Iowa 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
83
238
0
Systems in
Violation
30
137
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
3
26
0
Systems in
Violation
2
23*
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
275
344
0
18
3
28
Systems in
Violation
130
208
0
9
3
19
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,984
546**
1,114
** Possible overcounting of violating systems. Includes systems violating public notification requirements.
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Iowa's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Iowa Department of Natural Resources-Water Supply
401 SW 7th St., Suite M
Des Moines, IA 50309-4611
Facsimile: (515) 725-0348
Website: http://www.iowadnr.gov/water/drinking/reports.html
B-23
-------
State of Kansas 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
122
46
127
Systems in
Violation
42*
44
46
Treatment Technique
Violations
34
0
27
Systems in
Violation
7
0
10
Significant Monitoring
Violations
5
143
0
3
19
0
Systems in
Violation
5
97
0
3
19
0
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,033
272
526
Where to Obtain 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Kansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's website:
Website: http://www.kdheks.gov/pws/
B-24
-------
State of Kentucky 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
17
73**
Systems in
Violation
0
14
25**
Treatment Technique
Violations
4
0
NR**
Systems in
Violation
4
0
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
208
24
22
58
54
34
Systems in
Violation
22*
5
4
39
36
14
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
479
NR
494
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Kentucky did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-25
-------
State of Louisiana 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
156
25*
Systems in
Violation
0
117
17*
Treatment Technique
Violations
5
0
NR*
Systems in
Violation
1
0
NR*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
32
27
226
232
12
Systems in
Violation
0
30
6
197
185
6
*MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,436
NR
715
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Louisiana did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-26
-------
State of Maine 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
21
178
52**
Systems in
Violation
10
128
13**
Treatment Technique
Violations
12
37
NR**
Systems in
Violation
9
29
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
240
787
0
138
44
6
Systems in
Violation
134*
484
0
107
34
3
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,910
NR
1,515
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Maine did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-27
-------
State of Maryland 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
61
287
74
Systems in
Violation
30
252*
5
Treatment Technique
Violations
13
66
0
Systems in
Violation
12
66
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
201
348
8
133
65
4
Systems in
Violation
128*
201
5
131*
59
2
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,488
NR
1,260
Where to Obtain 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The Maryland State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-28
-------
State of Massachusetts 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
241
3*
Systems in
Violation
0
152
2*
Treatment Technique
Violations
3
2
NR*
Systems in
Violation
2
2
NR*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
99
0
77
21
23
Systems in
Violation
0
82
0
71
20
16
*MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,780
NR
469
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Massachusetts did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-29
-------
State of Michigan 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
131
382
13
Systems in
Violation
130
287
2
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
1
2
Systems in
Violation
0
1
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
625
869
0
120
15
5
Systems in
Violation
468
717
0
98
14
4
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
11,450
1,347*
2,163
*Possible overcounting of violating systems. Includes systems violating public notification requirements.
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Michigan's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
DNRE/ERMD
P.O. Box 30241
Lansing, Ml 48909
Mr. Daniel Dettweiler:
Telephone: (517) 241-1373
E-mail: dettweilerd@michigan.gov
Ms. Kristen Philip
Telephone: (517) 241-1238
E-mail: philipk@michigan.gov
Website: http://www.michigan.gov/deq
Click Water, then Drinking Water, then Community Water Supply
B-30
-------
State of Minnesota 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
91
171
3
Systems in
Violation
91*
167*
3
Treatment Technique
Violations
8
6
0
Systems in
Violation
8*
6
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
7
66
8
43
NR
16
Systems in
Violation
7
57
5
43
NR
16
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,224
NR
419
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Minnesota's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Minnesota Department of Health
Division of Environmental Health
Drinking Water Protection Section
625 N. Robert St.
PO Box 64975
St. Paul, MN 55164-0975
Telephone: (651) 201-4700
Website: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/water/com/dwar/report09.html
B-31
-------
State of Mississippi 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
69
89*
Systems in
Violation
0
64
29*
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
2
NR*
Systems in
Violation
0
2
NR*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
42
21
0
58
113
29
Systems in
Violation
2
20
0
53
74
27
*MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,273
NR
423
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Mississippi did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-32
-------
State of Missouri 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,788
NR
NR
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Missouri's State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-33
-------
State of Montana 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
78
243
25
Systems in
Violation
32
154
6
Treatment Technique
Violations
42
8
0
Systems in
Violation
12
8
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
602
644
28
132
62
38
Systems in
Violation
132
374
8
84
42
23
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
695
NR
1,902
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Montana's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Montana Department of Environmental Quality
P.O. Box 200901
Helena, MT 59620-0901
Contact Name: Eugene Pizzini
Email: epizzini@mt.gov
Telephone: (406) 444-6972
Fax:(406)444-1375
Website: http://www.deq.mt.gov/wqinfo/pws/index.asp
B-34
-------
Navajo Nation 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
16
0
Systems in
Violation
0
13
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
69
0
12
54
0
Systems in
Violation
0
23
0
12
15
0
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
163
NR
151
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Navajo Nation did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-35
-------
State of Nebraska 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
201
216
10
Systems in
Violation
81*
163
3
Treatment Technique
Violations
3
NR
1
Systems in
Violation
3
NR
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
10
82
1
3
NR
5
Systems in
Violation
10*
75
1
3
NR
4
* Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,328
294
532
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Nebraska's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services
Division of Public Health
301 Centennial Mall South
P.O. Box95026
Lincoln, NE 68509
Contact: Jo Ann Wagner
Telephone: (402) 471-0520
Email: joann.wagner@nebraska.gov
Website: http://www.dhhs.ne.gov/enh/pwsindex.htm
B-36
-------
State of Nevada 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
117
154
74
Systems in
Violation
32
105
27
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
18
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
17
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
232
NR
NR
NR
19
NR
Systems in
Violation
72
NR
NR
NR
19
NR
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
552
204
606*
The total number of violations in the report (606) differs from the calculated total (615).
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Nevada's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or visiting county libraries in the state.
Website: http://ndep.nv.gov/BSDW/oversight.htm
B-37
-------
State of New Hampshire 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
123
233
25
Systems in
Violation
52*
175
5
Treatment Technique
Violations
2
17
2
Systems in
Violation
2
16
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
273
429
0
28
50
20
Systems in
Violation
68*
304
0
18
50
15
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,413
NR
1,202
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Hampshire's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
Water Division, Drinking Water and Groundwater Bureau
29 Hazen Drive
P.O. Box 95
Concord, NH 03302-0095
Website: http://des.nh.gov/organization/divisions/water/dwgb/annuaLreport.htm
Attention: Terri Sabbia
Telephone: (603) 271-2923
Email: Theresa.Sabbia@doit.nh.gov
B-38
-------
State of New Jersey 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
72
280
10**
Systems in
Violation
36
210
5**
Treatment Technique
Violations
3
0
NR**
Systems in
Violation
3*
0
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
428
334
0
607
2
5
Systems in
Violation
61*
259
0
399
1
4
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,864
NR
1,741
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
New Jersey did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-39
-------
State of New Mexico 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
154
75
15
Systems in
Violation
53*
54
6
Treatment Technique
Violations
26
1
8
Systems in
Violation
11
1
7
Significant Monitoring
Violations
25
151
19
187
170
12
Systems in
Violation
6*
101
4
139
124
9
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,221
451**
843t
"Possible overcounting of violating systems. Includes systems violating public notification requirements.
tThe total number of violations in the report not including public notification and groundwater violations (1,228) differs from the calculated total
(843).
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
New Mexico's State Report is available by accessing the state's website by contacting:
DWB Grants Coordinator
Drinking Water Bureau
New Mexico Environment Department
Telephone (toll-free): (877) 654-8720
Website: http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/dwb/dwbtop.html
B-40
-------
State of New York 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
*State report lacked a breakdown by rule.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9,147
4,145
7,484
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
New York's State Report is available by accessing the state's website:
Website: http://www.nyhealth.gov/environmental/water/drinking/violations/2009/2009_compliance_report.htm
B-41
-------
State of North Carolina 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
32
291
137**
Systems in
Violation
20
226
59**
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
83
NR**
Systems in
Violation
1
77
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
906
1,368
0
961
195
199
Systems in
Violation
75*
849
0
597
120
154
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,268
NR
4,173
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
North Carolina did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-42
-------
State of North Dakota 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
27
22
9
Systems in
Violation
9
18
3
Treatment Technique
Violations
2
0
0
Systems in
Violation
1
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1
61
0
11
0
31
Systems in
Violation
1
52
0
11
0
31
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
499
98
164
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
North Dakota's State Report is available by contacting:
North Dakota Department of Health
Division of Municipal Facilities
918 E Divide Ave-3rd Floor
Bismarck, ND 58501-1947
Attention: LeeAnn Tillotson
Telephone: (701)328-5293
Fax:(701)328-5200
E-mail: ltillots@nd.gov
B-43
-------
Northern Mariana Islands 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
14
2*
Systems in
Violation
0
11
2*
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR*
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
15
0
76
10
0
Systems in
Violation
0
4
0
46
7
0
*MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
88
NR
117
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Northern Mariana Islands did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-44
-------
State of Ohio 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
73
392
61**
Systems in
Violation
36
286
21**
Treatment Technique
Violations
20
37
NR**
Systems in
Violation
12*
23
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
558
947
1
170
61
43
Systems in
Violation
66*
654
1
133
45
21
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,985
NR
2,363
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Ohio did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-45
-------
State of Oklahoma 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
148
90
424
Systems in
Violation
50*
80*
105
Treatment Technique
Violations
82
0
139
Systems in
Violation
27*
0
44
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,310
764
51
134
0
504
Systems in
Violation
74*
429*
11
134
0
200*
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,568
999**
3,646
"The total number of violating systems in the report does not include systems violating Stage 2 DBPR.
"The total number of violations in the report (3,246) differs from the calculated total (3,646) because Oklahoma did not include Stage 2
DBPR.
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Oklahoma's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division, 7th Floor
707 N. Robinson
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677
By mail:
Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division
P.O. Box 1677
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677
Website: http://www.deq.state.ok.us
B-46
-------
State of Oregon 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
109
234
13**
Systems in
Violation
38
165
4**
Treatment Technique
Violations
23
46
NR**
Systems in
Violation
16
44
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,066
1,322
259
318
147
190
Systems in
Violation
513*
806
100*
134
47
82
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,630
NR
5,727
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Oregon did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-47
-------
State of Pennsylvania 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
151
533
81
Systems in
Violation
80
442
37*
Treatment Technique
Violations
56
8
59
Systems in
Violation
7
8
28*
Significant Monitoring
Violations
4,639
1,466
230
51
139
1,871
Systems in
Violation
1,459
1,141
64
44
139
799
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9,380
2,779**
9,284|
"Possible overcounting of violating systems. Includes systems violating public notification requirements.
tThe total number of violations in the report not including public notification violations (10,803) differs from the calculated total (9,284).
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Department of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Water Standards and Facility Regulation
P.O. Box 8467, 11th Floor RCSOB
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8467
Telephone: (717) 787-5017
Website: http://www.dep.state.pa.us
Keyword: drinking water
B-48
-------
Puerto Rico 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
204
19
Systems in
Violation
0
128*
14*
Treatment Technique
Violations
61
0
19
Systems in
Violation
21*
0
9
Significant Monitoring
Violations
90
1,962
17
NR
47
Systems in
Violation
66*
251
16
NR
47*
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
493
NR
2,419
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Puerto Rico's Report is available by accessing the territory's website or by contacting:
Department of Health
Public Water Supply Supervision Program
Ponce de Leon Avenue, #431 Nacional Plaza
Suite 903
HatoRey, Puerto Rico 00917
Website: http://www.salud.gov.pr
B-49
-------
State of Rhode Island 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
4
51
3
Systems in
Violation
2
36
1
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
2
0
Systems in
Violation
0
2
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
25
106
0
23
5
0
Systems in
Violation
25
100
0
21
5
0
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
484
151
219
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The Rhode Island State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-50
-------
State of South Carolina 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
21
68
4**
Systems in
Violation
13
43
2**
Treatment Technique
Violations
4
1
NR**
Systems in
Violation
2*
1
NR"
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3
37
0
42
53
0
Systems in
Violation
1
31
0
40
53
0
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,493
NR
233
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
South Carolina did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-51
-------
State of South Dakota 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
64
17
1
Systems in
Violation
16
15
1
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
10
37
Systems in
Violation
1
5
37
Significant Monitoring
Violations
360
48
1
6
8
53
Systems in
Violation
13
34
1
6
8
15
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
655
188*
606
*Possible overcounting of violating systems. Includes systems violating public notification requirements.
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
South Dakota's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Drinking Water Program, PMB-2020
Joe Foss Building
523 East Capitol Ave.
Pierre, SD 57501
Attention: Mark S. Mayer, P.E.
Telephone: (605) 773-3754
Email: mark.mayer@state.sd.us
Website: http://denr.sd.gov/des/dw/complianceinfo.aspx
B-52
-------
State of Tennessee 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009*
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
0
29
12
Systems in
Violation
0
26
8
Treatment Technique
Violations
14
0
1
Systems in
Violation
10
0
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
4
67
41
0
13
72
Systems in
Violation
4
63
33
0
13
39
*Report includes two different sets of numbers. Numbers from the Violations Summary are listed.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
868
159
253
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The Tennessee State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
B-53
-------
State of Texas 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
348
127
157**
Systems in
Violation
164
117
108**
Treatment Technique
Violations
8
15
NR**
Systems in
Violation
4*
13
NR**
Significant Monitoring
Violations
130
1,674
1
12
281
320
Systems in
Violation
16*
720
1
12
155
320
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
**MCL and Treatment Technique violations are combined in the SDWIS/FED Report.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,859
NR
3,073
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Texas did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-54
-------
State of Utah 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
2
99
0
Systems in
Violation
2
70
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
2
0
0
Systems in
Violation
2
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,530
189
0
258
0
76
Systems in
Violation
206*
150
0
165
0
50
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,015
NR
2,156
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
Utah did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
B-55
-------
State of Vermont 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
72
89
NR
Systems in
Violation
27*
84*
NR
Treatment Technique
Violations
1
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
185
430
1
16
62
204
Systems in
Violation
166*
323*
1
14*
61
120*
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,365
507**
1167**
"The numbers in the report may include additional violations and violating systems than what is summarized above.
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Vermont's State Report is available by contacting:
Vermont Water Supply Division
103 South Main Street
Waterbury.VT 05671-0403
Telephone: (802) 241-3400
Telephone (in Vermont): (800) 823-6500
B-56
-------
Virgin Islands 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
14
65
0
Systems in
Violation
9
49
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
19
60
0
139
9
216
Systems in
Violation
19
27
0
139
9
115
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
301
NR
522
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Virgin Island's Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:
Department of Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Protection
45 Mars Hills, Frederiksted
St. Croix, US Virgin Islands 00841
Telephone: (340) 473-1082
Fax: (340) 692-9794
Web Site: http://www.dpnr.gov.vi/dep/home.htm
B-57
-------
State of Virginia 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
97
317
38
Systems in
Violation
30
205
15
Treatment Technique
Violations
5
50
38
Systems in
Violation
5
45
36
Significant Monitoring
Violations
935
697
3
165
54
47
Systems in
Violation
115
467
1
148
38
28
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,879
885
2,395
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:
Virginia Department of Health
Office of Drinking Water
109 Governor Street, 6th Floor
Richmond, VA 23219
Contact: Robert A. K. Payne, Esq.
Telephone: (804) 864-7498
Fax: (804) 864-7520
Email: rob.payne@vdh.virginia.gov
Web Site: http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/drinkingwater/compliance/annualReport.htm
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State of Washington 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
89
506
0
Systems in
Violation
40
362
0
Treatment Technique
Violations
32
0
0
Systems in
Violation
21
0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
5,568
643
7
245
349
0
Systems in
Violation
540*
459
4
237
332
0
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,341
NR
7,439
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Washington did not submit a 2009 Annual Report to the U.S. EPA. EPA generated data from SDWIS/FED.
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State of West Virginia 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
7
8
58
Systems in
Violation
2
8
22
Treatment Technique
Violations
23
5
12
Systems in
Violation
17
5
10
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,330
429
85
182
167
215
Systems in
Violation
135*
210
27
81
109
88
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,106
NR
2,521
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The West Virginia State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
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State of Wisconsin 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
89
385
5
Systems in
Violation
39*
299
4
Treatment Technique
Violations
0
2
0
Systems in
Violation
0
2
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,480
600
0
20
23
5
Systems in
Violation
403*
499
0
20
23
4
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
11,422
NR
2,609
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Wisconsin's State Report is available by contacting:
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Bureau of Drinking Water and Groundwater
P.O. Box 7921
Madison, Wl 53707
Telephone: (608) 267-4230
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State of Wyoming 2009 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2009
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule, Long Term Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment Rule
and Filter Backwash
Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
MCL
Violations
5
50
12
Systems in
Violation
2
39*
10*
Treatment Technique
Violations
2
NR
0
Systems in
Violation
2
NR
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
18
85
3
13
3
2
Systems in
Violation
13
64
2
13
3
2
*Possible overcounting of violating systems.
2009
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
778
124
193
Where to Obtain the 2009 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
Wyoming's State Report is available by accessing the state's Website or by contacting:
EPA Region 8's Environmental Information Service Center
Telephone: (303) 312-6312 or (800) 227-8917
E-mail: r8eisc@epa.gov
Website: http://epa.gov/Region8/water/dwhome/wycon/wycon.html
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