9/12/05
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HEALTHY  AIR
A COHMUNITT AMD BUSINESS LEADERS GUIDE
   Could your family
         be affected?
    Ohio EPA's Office of
    Pollution Prevention
          has published
     "Woodworking and
    Refinishing Pollution
             Prevention
   Opportunities," which
   provides examples of
   how to calculate cost
           savings and
 environmental benefits.
Any company can insert
    their material usage
  numbers and calculate
   potential cost savings
     and environmental
               benefits.
     — Office of Pollution
              Prevention,
       Ohio Environmental
        Protection Agency
 EPA has developed an
         online pollution
      prevention tool for
    paints and coatings.
    Called The Coatings
     Guide™, this guide
   contains several tools
    to help users identify
  coatings with low VOC
      and hazardous air
    pollutant content that
     may be suitable for
    replacing more toxic
      paints or coatings.
             — U.S.  EPA
             COMMUNITY INFORMATION  SHEET

            Reducing  Air Pollution from:
             Wood Furniture Operations
Why do wood furniture operations
need to reduce air pollution?
   People who are exposed to toxic air
pollutants at sufficient concentrations,
for sufficient durations, may increase
their chances of getting cancer or
experiencing other serious health effects,
such as reproductive problems, birth
defects, and aggravated asthma.
   Pollution prevention can reduce the
impact of air pollution by using
materials, processes, or practices that
reduce or eliminate air pollution at the
source.
   Wood furniture operations
manufacture or finish furniture for
homes, offices, stores, public buildings,
and restaurants. Wood furniture
operations activities include drying,
sawing, waxing, sanding, and finishing,
all of which may release pollutants into
the air and may contribute to health
concerns in the operation and in the
community.
   The best wood furniture operations
implement pollution prevention
strategies not only to help comply with
federal, state, local, and Tribal laws but
also to further minimize impacts on
human health and the environment.
Check with your state, local, and Tribal
agencies for existing regulations.

What kinds of air pollutants may
come from wood furniture
operations?
•  Wood furniture operations can
   produce emissions of toxic air
   pollutants.
•  Finishes, stains, and topcoats applied
   during the finishing process can
   release some toxic air pollutants  and
   volatile organic compounds (VOC).
   Chemicals in these substances can
   react in the air to form ground-level
   ozone (smog), which has been linked
   to a number of respiratory effects.
•  Other sources of toxic emissions
   include adhesives  used for gluing and
   solvents used during cleanup.
   Stripping processes during refinishing
   can also emit air pollution.
•  While federal, state, local, and Tribal
   regulations limit the amount of
   emissions from wood furniture
   operations, dangerous releases of toxic
   air pollutants can occur if a wood
   furniture operation is not in compliance
   with regulations.

How can wood furniture operations
reduce air pollution?
   Making changes in operation work
practices can stop pollutants at the source
and increase production efficiency. By
evaluating and improving work practices,
operations can decrease emissions, reduce
production costs, and protect employee and
public health.

Examples of changes in work practices that
help reduce air pollution include:

Substituting Materials
•  Use alternative coating and adhesive
   formulations with lower toxic air
   pollutant and VOC content.
•  Use cleaners with lower toxic air
   pollutant and VOC content.

Increasing Application Efficiency
•  Replace old equipment with new and
   efficient equipment, such as high-
   volume low-pressure (HVLP) spray,
   airless spray, air-assisted airless  spray,
   or electrostatic spray guns.
•  Train painters in proper spray
   application techniques to reduce
   emissions and enhance the quality of
   the paint finish.
•  Use a coating method that does not
   require spraying.

Changing Cleaning Procedures
•  Use cleaning procedures that reduce the
   amount of solvent needed.
•  Schedule production runs to minimize
   the amount of cleaning needed between
   colors or products.

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                            COMMUNITY  INFORMATION SHEET
                                      Wood Furniture Operations
                                                                                                        9/12/05
Recycling Materials
•  Reuse cleaning solution or solvent by using dirty
   solvent for initial cleaning, following with clean
   solvent.
•  Use an on-site distillation unit to recycle dirty
   cleaning liquid.
•  Recover solvents for reuse.

As a community, what can you do to help reduce air
pollution from wood furniture operations?

Make Connections
•  Get to know local wood furniture operation owners
   and operators. They know best about the materials
   and processes used in their business and the
   regulations with which they must comply.
•  Keep local media aware of progress by sending them
   updates. Publicity can reward success and attract
   more public involvement.
Make a Plan
•  Form a work group that includes area owners and
   operators to develop and implement workable
   pollution reduction plans.
Locate Resources
•  Use the "For Further Information" list below to
   find governmental and nonprofit contacts who can
   provide help with analysis, technical information,
   equipment, and funding.

Sponsor Training and Translation
•  Small operations may need funding in order to
   attend or provide training.
•  Improved skills lead to reduced finishing material
   usage and exposure for workers.

Reward Operations
•  Use media connections to provide coverage for
   successful efforts. Positive publicity can mean
   increased business.
•  Visibly displayed awards or certificates may also
   increase business.
                              For  Further  Information
•  American Home Furnishings Alliance: www.afma4u.org, (336) 884-5000
•  EPA Air Toxics Web Site: www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/
•  National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations:
   www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/wood/riwood.html
•  Community-Based Projects:  www.epa.gov/air/toxicair/community.html
•  Community information, regional, state contacts: www.epa.gov/epahome/whereyoulive.htm
•  Pollution prevention awards: State, local, and Tribal government agencies, universities
•  Painting technique training opportunities: The American Home Furnishings Alliance, Iowa Waste Reduction Center:
   www.iwrc.org/programs/STAR.cfm, (800) 422-3109
•  Toxicity of paints and solvents: Local wood manufacturing trade associations, Integrated Risk Information Systems
   (IRIS) (www.epa.gov/tris), Air Toxics Health Effects Notebooks (www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/hapindex.html)
•  Solvent Alternatives Guide: www.sage.rti.org
•  The Coatings Guide™: www.cage.rti.org

•  For more information, please see the Resources section of the Owner/Operator Information Sheet.
         Switching coating types reduces emissions ofVOC and toxic air pollutants by 25%.
                                                   — Pacific Northwest Pollution Prevention Resource Center
              HEALTHY  AIR:  A  COMMUNITY AND  BUSINESS LEADERS GUIDE

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