&EPA
  United States
  Environmental Protection
  Agency
      Envisioning Excellence
        IAQ Strategies in Action
The Framework for Effective School IAQ Management
      Accelerating Action to Create Healthier
         and Safer School Environments
              Organize    Communicate
                    If
                              Assess

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         Accelerating Action to Create Healthier and Safer School Environments
      the following pages you will find step-by-step actions that successful
_L A Aschool districts have taken to build effective and enduring IAQ
management programs. This tremendous knowledge base — built on the
accumulated learning of accomplished school IAQ management programs and
Z4Q Tools for Schools National Award winners — exists to help schools take
action to create healthier, safer learning environments. The Framework for
Effective School IAQ Management synthesizes this knowledge base, and EPA's
Envisioning Excellence materials provide in-depth access to it. The Envisioning
Excellence materials include actionable guidance, program strategy suggestions,
descriptions of approaches school districts can take to apply the Framework in
                                   Envisioning Excellence Materials
                                   Access all of the Envisioning Excellence
                                   materials to learn how to achieve
                                   success in your school district. Visit
                                   www.epa.gov/iaq/schools/excellence.html.
                               examples from leading programs, and detailed
                               their environmental, health and safety programs.
What is the IAQ Strategies in Action Resource?
IAQ Strategies in Action presents an overview of the Framework for Effective School IAQ Management: Six Key Drivers —
the building blocks of sustainable health or wellness programs, including IAQ management programs. This resource gives
examples of the step-by-step strategies that any school district can apply to incorporate the  Six Key Drivers into their programs.

What Is "The Framework" and How Can I Use It?
Years of research led to the discovery of a clear program Framework that underlies successful IAQ management programs. This
resource highlights a diversity of schools that are using the Framework to take action to achieve IAQ excellence — proving that
the Framework is highly flexible and adaptable. Any school, regardless of location, size, budget or facility conditions, can follow
it to launch and sustain an effective IAQ program. The Framework for Effective School IAQ Management: Six Key Drivers
presents the system for success and provides a common language for discussing the Six Key Drivers that contribute to effective
IAQ management programs:
•   Organize for Success
•   Communicate with Everyone, All the Time
•   Assess Your Environments Continuously
•   Plan Your Short and Long-Term Activities
•   Act to Address Structural, Institutional and Behavioral Issues
•   Evaluate Your Results for Continuous Improvement

The Framework for Effective School IAQ Management is a self-
reinforcing system. As school districts incorporate each Key Driver into
their programs, overall program effectiveness increases. In addition,
the strategies that support the Six Key Drivers are complementary;
working to develop one Key Driver will support and contribute to the
development of another. It is important to remember that effective school
IAQ management programs are works in progress and most districts put the
components of success in place over time. Effective IAQ management is a
marathon, not a sprint.
                                   The Framework for Effective School
                                   IAQ Management: Six Key Drivers
                                           Organize      Communicate
                                                                Assess
  KEY to ABBREVIATIONS:
  Blue Valley School District (BVSD)
  West Carrollton School District (WCSD)
  Hartford Public Schools (HPS)
Katy Independent School District (KISD)
School Board of Broward County, Florida
(Broward)
Saugus Union School District (SUSD)
Visalia Unified School District (VUSD)

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                                          Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
                          KEY DRIVER #1  — ORGANIZE FOR SUCCESS
      Strategy I.I — Develop Systematic Approach

   Apply a systematic approach to coordinate and enhance
   existing activities and build a sustainable IAQ initiative.

   •  Follow the IAQ Tools for Schools Program model to tie
      disparate facility functions together, and to get the right
      people talking about environmental management.
         Strategy 1.2 — Identify Existing Assets
   Assess your assets and build your IAQ management
   program around what already works.

   •  Integrate IAQ management into effective management
      processes, reporting and response protocols, staff functions,
      resource allocations, etc.
 Strategy 1.3 — Design Standard Operating Procedures

•   Create standard operating procedures to ensure regular
   facility assessments, preventive actions and swift problem
   response for IAQ

   •  Publicize the links between your IAQ standard operating
      procedures and the educational mission so decision-makers
      and staff support your processes.
        Strategy 1.4 — Empower an IAQ Leader
   Put someone in charge of the program and empower that
   person to make decisions.

   •  Choose a strong leader who is committed to facility health
      and occupant wellness, and who has the influence required
      to hold people accountable for progress.

   Communicate with staff, teachers, parents and others to
   make sure everyone knows who is in charge.
Strategies In Action — Develop Systematic Approach
 BVSD used the IAQ Tools for Schools Program to identify which
 procedures, resources and personnel to coordinate to improve
 their facilities management. By integrating disconnected pieces,
 BVSD created a stronger program from existing parts.
 WCSD used the IAQ Tools for Schools Program model as a
 leaping-off point for designing an environmental, safety, health
 and wellness program.
    Strategies in Action — Identify Existing Assets
 When launching their IAQ program in the wake of a
 mold crisis, the Broward team asked an institution that the
 community viewed as effective and trustworthy for help.
 The Facilities Task Force — composed of staff, parents and
 community leaders — led the initiative.
 Elementary school principals  in VUSD are responsible
 for school health and safety issues. When launching the
 IAQ initiative, VUSD added  IAQ issues to principals'
 responsibilities and trained them on what to look for and how
 to report their findings through the same channels already in
 use for other safety and health issues.
 Strategies in Action — Design Standard Operating
                      Procedures
 BVSD adapted standard operating procedures for facility
 design and capital construction, building envelope, and major
 mechanical replacement programs to establish new IAQ
 protocols. BVSD also made sure that staff understood how
 adhering to the IAQ standard operating procedures would
 contribute to outstanding learning environments that promote
 student success.
 Broward established standard operating procedures that enable
 immediate remedial action in response to IAQ problems that
 cost less than a threshold amount. If actions cost more than the
 threshold, the problems are automatically elevated to decision-
 makers.
   Strategies in Action — Empower an IAQ Leader
 KISD designated an Environmental Assistant Director position
 within the Maintenance and Operations (M&O) Department
 to direct IAQ management, hire a team, conduct assessments,
 oversee prevention and response activities, and communicate
 with other department heads.
 BVSD chose a coordinator for its IAQ initiative whose role
 as Safety Manager had prepared him in many of the relevant
 issues (facility management, pollution prevention, etc.). He
 became the face of the Districts IAQ program — the "go-to
 guy" critical to its success.

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                                            Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
          Strategy 1.5 — Build an Effective Team
•  Build a team that represents your district and community.    •

    •  In large districts, consider a district-level team to coordinate
      activities with IAQ teams at each site.

•  Recruit members whose job functions, passions, interests
   and knowledge equip them to:

    •  Act on IAQ management issues (e.g., facility managers,
      custodial supervisors, HVAC  technicians, business officials);

    •  Communicate the importance of IAQ management efforts
      (e.g., nurses, public health officials, principals, concerned
      parents);

    •  Influence decision-makers or make required decisions, such
      as staff and resource allocations (e.g., department heads,
      board members); and
                                                                •
    •  Provide expertise on IAQ issues and the interactions among
      facilities management, occupant behaviors and IAQ
      outcomes (e.g., industrial hygienists, environmental health
      specialists).

•  Consider "unusual suspects": Critics and people who do      •
   not initially trust the district can be great additions to  the
   team.

    •  Include union representatives, disgruntled parents and
      teachers who have lodged IAQ complaints.
    Strategies in Action — Build an Effective Team
Broward learned a powerful lesson about building a
representative IAQ team in the wake of a mold and public
relations crisis. The facilities staff had previously avoided
unions, teachers and parents as much as possible but found
that by bringing them onto the IAQ planning team, they
turned them from adversaries into allies. Broward also recruited
IAQ Committees at each school to serve as trainers, survey
administrators and communications channels and to coordinate
IAQ work with the district-level oversight team.

HPS' district-level health and safety team, which took
ownership of the IAQ program, augmented their resources with
team members from city, state, non-profit and local university
communities. Outside experts provide training, assist with
walkthroughs and help secure grant support.

WCSD s team includes school board members, the
Superintendent, teachers, administrators and once-skeptical
parents. WCSD invited the parents who were most vocal
during the IAQ problems onto its committee and gave
naysayers a chance to contribute constructively.

After facing an early IAQ crisis, SUSD created a Parent
Oversight Committee, comprising some of the district's most
vocal critics, to help plan the IAQ program and conduct
walkthroughs.
            Strategy 1.6 — Create Champions

   Create IAQ champions (on your team and in the
   community) to promote program success.

   •  Find champions by broadcasting the link between healthy
      IAQ and student performance, staff health and morale, and
      facility health, and see who responds with energy.

   Look for passionate, energetic risk-takers who will
   communicate the program's mission, goals, objectives,
   activities and results.
           Strategy 1.7 — Secure Senior Buy-In
•  Secure executive-level support for your program.

    •  Tie the IAQ programs goals, plans and expected results to
      improved student health, wellness and performance.

    •  Use crisis moments as opportunities to build buy-in and
      secure investments from decision-makers, school boards and
      parents.
     Strategies In Action — Create Champions
In BVSD, "Everyone knew how they could contribute to
healthy school environments that lead to student success ...
principals saw that the program could keep students healthy;
and custodians felt pride about being the first line of IAQ
defense."

KISD looked for "someone with energy, a self-starter, team-
focused, a risk-taker, a model of exemplary behavior and an
effective communicator," when hiring its Environmental
Assistant Director. KISD credits its IAQ success, in part, with
"the force of the team leader's personality and persistence,
which have helped ... to secure leadership buy-in and
community trust and  to motivate colleagues."
    Strategies in Action — Secure Senior Buy-In
HPS secured senior-level buy-in by presenting the IAQ
program as part of the solution to its high asthma rates and by
describing how IAQ Tools for Schools could improve student and
staff attendance and performance.

When the Director of M&O first arrived in KISD, he found
a mold infestation crisis, public mistrust and staff outrage. He
seized the moment to secure superintendent support for an
IAQ program and institutionalized the program by creating  a
new M&O Environmental Assistant Director position.

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                                       Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
                                                     ommunicate
     KEY DRIVER #2 — COMMUNICATE WITH EVERYONE, ALL THE TIME
          Strategy 2.1  — Share Your Goals

Publicize your program's goals, plans and expected
activities.

•  Communicate the connection between your IAQ activities
   and program goals so stakeholders know what you are doing
   and why it is important.
        Strategies in Action — Share Your Goals
   BVSD recorded its IAQ goals in its strategic plan,
   communicated them to people across the District and
   explained the rationale behind them.

   A KISD parent reports that "the whole district, from students,
   to staff, to administrators and parents ... is well informed
   about IAQ and its health effects. The maintenance department,
   new building department and administrators take a proactive
   approach to maintaining our buildings ... We have to be aware
   that keeping a building in top shape costs money, but we know
   that it saves money in the long run."
       Strategy 2.2 — Make IAQ Meaningful

Communicate the link between your program's plans,
activities and results and the issues that matter most to your
audience.

•  Talk to parents about how your work safeguards their
   children; tell staff and administrators how it promotes
   health, productivity,  attendance and performance; share
   with facilities and operations and maintenance staff how
   their work affects student success and reduces facilities' wear
   and tear and maintenance costs.

Consider all avenues for communication. Hang up posters to
describe the mission; use websites, parent newsletters and other
channels to reinforce the message; communicate your IAQ
mission at every opportunity.
      Strategies in Action — Make IAQ Meaningful
  When marketing their program, HPS' team always described
  the relationship between IAQ management, improved asthma
  control, attendance outcomes and clean and healthy schools.

  To recruit school nurses to lead site-based IAQ programs,
  KISD s team leaders spoke passionately about how effective
  IAQ management could improve nurses' jobs and student
  health.

  BVSD generated support for the IAQ program by emphasizing
  how it would manifestly support the district's goal of "creating
  outstanding learning environments." The IAQ team also
  mailed newsletters to all households in the district, to share
  the message that "Each day we wait to improve IAQ, money is
  lost." The public got the message and now supports the IAQ
  activities through bond initiatives and volunteerism.

  VUSD sought help from a local asthma coalition and its
  school nurses to educate teachers about the links between
  non-approved chemicals (such as air fresheners and cleaning
  products) and asthma problems in students.
   Strategy 2.3 — Be Transparent & Inclusive

Be transparent when communicating assessment findings,
responses and prevention plans.

•  Invite parents, media, health department officials and others
   to examine problems and be part of the solution.

Be inclusive when planning your IAQ program to build
understanding, trust and support.

•  Invite a broad group of people to the planning table,
   including those who are most critical of your management,
   to help you plan and implement your IAQ program.
 Strategies in Action — Be Transparent & Inclusive

•  The KISD team takes community members on walkthroughs
  to demonstrate how their IAQ program functions and shares
  information on problems and planned solutions.

•  After a very public mold crisis, Broward revamped its
  communications approach. Issues were once addressed quietly,
  but the district now broadcasts information — problems and
  all — on the Web, cable television and through parents' groups
  and unions.

•  WCSD involved the community in program planning and
  implementation. "Involving everyone helped convince them of
  our sincere commitment to protecting their health and safety."

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                                          Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action

          Strategy 2.4 — Communicate Results

•  Communicate your results to everyone in the community.

   •  Share information on your efforts and their results so
      the community can understand the full circle of IAQ
      management — risk identification, action, prevention
      and improvement — and see why IAQ investments and
      behavior/policy changes are worth supporting.
   Strategies in Action — Communicate Results
At WCSD, "Folks know that... things get done because we
make sure to follow every issue and we communicate what
we're doing, why we're doing it and what to expect next."

KISD delivers assessment reports to school principals
summarizing findings and responses. Over time, principals
have paid increasing attention to the reports because they have
seen the response and concluded that the reports must contain
important information.

BVSD shares IAQ program progress by reporting on daily,
weekly and monthly improvements to the school board and
community.

Every office manager in  SUSD schools maintains an "IAQ File
Box" that is accessible to the parents and community. The box
includes completed checklists and walkthrough results.
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        KEY DRIVER #3 — ASSESS YOUR ENVIRONMENTS CONTINUOUSLY
            Strategy 3.1 — Walk the Grounds

   Conduct regular walkthrough assessments to identify
   pollutant sources, contributors and IAQ risks.

   •  Teach on-site staff to conduct walkthrough assessments.

   •  Look for structural, mechanical, environmental or occupant
      behavior issues that can lead to poor IAQ.

   •  Describe to occupants the issues you are looking for, listen
      to their concerns and describe your response plans.

   Regularly review walkthrough results to identify responses
   and preventive actions to avoid future problems.
           Strategy 3.2 — Listen to Occupants

   Survey occupants to collect information on the health of
   the facility and assess their satisfaction.

   •  Use the survey to educate occupants about common IAQ
      problems, what to look for and steps they can take to
      safeguard the environment.

   Create a standard format or  system for collecting
   information from occupants to make it easy for them to
   share with you.
     Strategies in Action — Walk the Grounds

HPS trained school-based teams by walking them through
example areas at a school site. They learned to spot a variety of
IAQ issues and other conditions that could compromise health
or create a hazard. The team members also learned to link
findings with reported health symptoms and report findings to
the district for resolution.

KISD's environmental team conducts regular walkthroughs of
all 10+ million square feet of their facilities. The team leader
trained her staff to conduct effective walkthroughs, capture
baseline and annual assessment data, process work orders
promptly and route work orders according to KISD protocols
to ensure swift response to any pending issues and regular
preventive actions to head-off problems.

    Strategies in Action —  Listen to Occupants

Broward uses a technology solution to collect data from
occupants at 253 schools. A simple, anonymous, online form
for reporting facility conditions  generates valuable data.

Once per year, building occupants in WCSD receive a
survey on everything from chemical usage to cleanliness. The
Environmental Health & Safety (EH&S) Committee uses
occupant surveys to design walkthroughs. "In the beginning,
we received surveys without names or room numbers. Now that
we have increased trust and credibility, the staff puts detailed
information on the surveys because they know we will examine
their concerns and take action."

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                                        Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
           Strategy 3.3 — Use Technology

Use technology to simplify assessments and collect data.

•  Use monitoring equipment to assess facilities. Many school
   districts use tools such as digital psychrometers (reads
   temperature and relative humidity, dew point, wet-bulb and
   moisture content), anemometers (measures airflow), data
   loggers (records temperature, humidity, illumination and
   other inputs), CO  monitors and other devices.

Use technology to manage data and track response and
prevention activities.

•  A coordinated system can manage occupant survey data,
   feed into a work order system and track pending, completed
   and planned activities.
          Strategies in Action — Use Technology

   BVSD uses technology — including an Aircuity machine,
   a Forward Looking Infrared camera and an Environmental
   Management System — to measure facility parameters during
   walkthroughs; and to continuously monitor filtration, air flow,
   temperature and relative humidity in all facilities. BVSD s
   tools help limit lost instructional time by heading off potential
   problems.

   The same system that Broward uses to collect survey data
   helps district staff to plan walkthroughs and manage corrective
   actions and preventive maintenance. Broward s IAQ inspectors
   even have handheld devices with summarized occupant reports
   that guide their validation assessments.

   VUSD uses an electronic work order system to capture IAQ
   concerns. A special check box denotes IAQ issues, and the
   operations staff is able to begin its investigation to address the
   concern within 24 hours of receiving the work order. Staff can
   add pictures and comments in the system to create an online
   record of each concern and its resolution. In addition, VUSD
   uses an integrated electronic site checklist for IAQ and other
        Strategy 3.4 — Determine a Baseline

Establish your facility performance baseline. Gather data on
usual performance to identify areas for improvement and to
establish metrics for tracking impact over time.

•  Examples of baseline data to collect include average IAQ
   complaints per month; average temperature, relative
   humidity, CO2 and ventilation rates; frequency with which
   HVAC filters are changed; and more.
       Strategies in Action — Determine a Baseline

•  WCSD conducts room checks at least once per month to
   measure thermal comfort and CO2 and tracks variations against
   the baseline.

•  SUSD compiles an annual IAQ summary for each building
   that includes information on cleanliness, moisture, thermal
   comfort and ventilation. They compare annual data to identify
   problems, trends and successes.
     Strategy 3.5 — Keep Customers Satisfied

Respond promptly to occupant concerns and demonstrate
that you take their concerns seriously.

•  Think of your occupants as customers and show them that
   their concerns matter because you value their health.

Engage occupants in your work to generate trust and
support.

•  Tell complainants what you plan to do in response to their
   concerns, share any data you have with them  and inform
   occupants when and how concerns are resolved.
     Strategies in Action — Keep Customers Satisfied

•  BVSD's IAQ team follows up within 24 hours of receiving
   an IAQ issue report by talking with the complainant and
   describing next steps. They also discuss work in progress.
   BVSD's culture of customer service has built trust and created a
   joint sense of facility ownership.

•  WCSD s EH&S Committee lets people know how to report
   IAQ issues and ensures swift follow-up. "We educated the
   teachers about what types of health or comfort issues may be
   IAQ-related ... if there is a health complaint, we immediately
   get into the school building and monitor temperature,
   humidity, CO and CO2."

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                                           Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
        Strategy 3.6 — Identify and Prevent Risks

   Identify IAQ risk factors and opportunities for
   improvement and take preventive, not just responsive,
   action.

   •  Consider opportunities to educate occupants and
      custodians, update maintenance and policies, or take
      precautionary action, such as sealing foundation cracks to
      prevent moisture intrusion. Schedule these actions now to
      save time and money and reduce risks down the line.
    Strategies in Action — Identify and Prevent Risks

•  The BVSD team prioritizes custodian training. BVSD teaches
   custodians "to identify and report moisture leaks and mold
   growth and to take pictures and map leaks ... We aim for the
   root of the problem."

•  WCSD takes major preventive action as often as possible. For
   example, when the district received $ 1 million because their
   insurer restructured its business, WCSD spent some money to
   replace carpets. It had been too difficult to ensure that carpets
   were not harboring dust mites, paniculate matter, mold or
   other allergens, so they replaced the carpet with tile. In the next
   year, that school saw a nine percent improvement in attendance
   rates.

        KEY DRIVER #4 — PLAN YOUR SHORT AND LONG-TERM ACTIVITIES
             Strategy 4.1 — Prioritize Actions
   Think strategically about the order and importance of your
   short and long-term activities.

   •  Prioritize the most serious risks, such as CO and CO
      build-up and chemical releases, and those that can lead to
      high-cost repairs, such as untended moisture leaks, as first-
      order activities.
         Strategies in Action — Prioritize Actions
   KISD prioritizes IAQ activities in two ways: (1) After
   walkthroughs, each M&O supervisor reviews his or her action
   lists and ranks priority actions according to risk; and (2) Before
   spending money on major upgrades, KISD seals all areas of the
   building envelope, windows and doors to prevent moisture and
   mold.
           Strategy 4.2 — Put Goals in Writing

•  Include IAQ program goals and objectives in documents
   that codify standard operating procedures and
   institutionalize long-term programs.

   •  List your program goals, plans and responsibilities in
      the districts strategic plan, facility operations plans, staff
      training programs, operating manuals, etc.

   •  Articulate your program's goals and objectives clearly and
      publicly so  they become accepted yardsticks for district
      performance.

•  Tie your goals to the results you expect.

   •  Target results might include decreased response time for
      IAQ concerns, decreased number of complaints, improved
      occupant satisfaction, decreased absences and improved
      student performance.
       Strategies in Action — Put Goals in Writing
  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1
   BVSD institutionalized its program by including goals and
   measures for success in the districts strategic plan. The IAQ
   team is publicly accountable and they have senior-level support
   for the program because the board, superintendent and others
   know the IAQ programs focus is on significant environmental
   accomplishments.

   KISD's IAQ program has a very public mission statement (on
   its website, the office walls, etc.) that makes the programs goals
   clear and ties them to results: "Good IAQ is an important
   component of a healthy indoor environment and is necessary
   for schools to reach their primary goal of educating students."

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                                        Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
             Strategy 4.3 — Start Small

Continuously plan your prevention and upgrade activities
recognizing that you cannot do everything all at once.

•  Effective IAQ management is a marathon, not a sprint.
           Strategy 4.4 — Work in Stages

Do not try to do everything all at once: Make your goal
strategic action, not immediate action.

•  Some districts begin with a pilot project. Others act on
   all of the upgrades they can handle in-house at low cost
   and later move onto more complex tasks, like equipment
   replacements.

Identify your action steps, set a schedule, follow your work
plan and track your progress.
         Strategy 4.5 — Plan for the Future

 Design operations to ensure future IAQ protection and
 continued best management practices.

•  Planning should address everything from IAQ for
   renovation and new construction to training and
   communication plans to keep staff and district stakeholders
   up-to-date on IAQ policies and results.
            Strategies in Action — Start Small

•  BVSD launched an IAQ program by finding opportunities
   to improve IAQ without much new work. They "pushed the
   fly wheel forward" with small wins that continually generated
   momentum and support.

•  HPS made upgrades at one site (e.g., repaired leaks, improved
   cleaning and maintenance protocols, removed old carpet, etc.)
   that contributed to reduced asthma visits to the school nurse,
   and used the early success to fuel a multi-year program roll-out.
          Strategies in Action — Work in Stages
   HPS put the components of success in place gradually. Initially,
   the district completed a pilot project, which it then used as an
   example to build support for a broader program. HPS then
   launched a district-wide training program and created school-
   based health and safety teams. The teams then assessed the
   facilities, and so on.

   Broward has a plan for rolling out IAQ Tools for Schools to all
   253 schools in the district in stages, including prioritizing
   assessments and completing prevention and response activities.
        Strategies in Action — Plan for the Future
    KISD faces rapid population growth (adding up to 3-5,000
    students per year). The district has ensured that growth will
    not compromise IAQ by implementing a renovation and
    construction plan that safeguards IAQ.

    VUSD builds IAQ safeguards into its purchasing strategy.
    When a site submits a purchase order for new equipment,
    the purchasing department contacts maintenance to assess
    how the potential purchase may affect IAQ. Integrating IAQ
    considerations into purchasing plans allows VUSD to prevent
    IAQ problems.

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                                       Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
KEY DRIVER #5  —
ACT TO ADDRESS STRUCTURAL, INSTITUTIONAL AND
            BEHAVIORAL  ISSUES
      Strategy 5.1 — Educate Staff About IAQ
                to Change Behavior
Educate staff on IAQ risks, signs of problems and how to
report what they find.

•  Give occupants knowledge of common IAQ risks and the
   power to act to protect their indoor environments. Turn
   them into IAQ guardians and champions.

•  Include leadership and stewardship messages in your
   education programs. Convey that facility health is a
   joint responsibility and that it takes a team of proactive
   occupants, staff and managers to prevent problems and
   deliver outstanding learning environments.

Act quickly on staff reports to teach them that their
attentiveness is valued.

•  Show occupants the fruits of their labors to ensure that they
   continue to serve as a first line of defense against IAQ risks.
         Strategy 5.2 — Train Occupants to
                 Address IAQ Risks

Train staff and occupants to identify and prevent IAQ
problems to change the way your institutions function.

•  Turn occupants into on-site facility managers, inspectors
   and planners by training staff, administrators, teachers and
   even students to look out for IAQ risks and take simple
   actions to prevent problems (e.g., wipe up moisture spills
   immediately, store foods in tight containers, do not allow
   pets in classrooms, etc.).
            Strategy 5.3 — Address the
                Source of Problems
Identify the underlying cause(s) of problems at the first sign
of an IAQ issue and do not be satisfied with cosmetic fixes.

•  Ground your preventive maintenance program in root cause
   analysis: Programs that see the biggest return on investment
   are those that address problems at the source.
                                  Strategies in Action — Educate Staff About IAQ
                                                 to Change Behavior
                              •   BVSD's IAQ team meets with principals annually to educate
                                 them about the IAQ program and to share a "cheat sheet"
                                 that lists the roles, responsibilities and contact information
                                 of facilities department staff. Most principals subsequently
                                 become active site managers.

                              •   Each SUSD site elects a teacher to serve as IAQ Coordinator.
                                 The Coordinators receive training and then train site-based
                                 Committees. The Coordinators also provide program updates
                                 at weekly staff meetings to build awareness of the IAQ program
                                 across the district.

                              •   KISD established an online work order system, and IAQ
                                 Coordinators became the hub for IAQ concerns at each site.
                                 The district-level team educated Coordinators and occupants
                                 about IAQ issues and reporting protocols. Now, they report
                                 issues using the online system because they have seen that their
                                 reports lead to action.
                                     Strategies in Action — Train Occupants to
                                                 Address IAQ Risks
                                 HPS trained site-based health and safety teams to conduct
                                 assessments, report their findings and rank priority actions.
                                 In so doing, HPS empowered occupants with a role in facility
                                 protection, dispersed authority across the district and built a
                                 more sustainable program.

                                 During assessments, Broward's IAQ team often identifies issues
                                 that are behavioral at their root and addresses them through
                                 training. For example, when investigating dust complaints,
                                 the team found cluttered, hard-to-clean classrooms, so they
                                 recommended that the site's IAQ Committee convene custodial
                                 staff and occupants to talk about what it takes to keep a room
                                 clean.
                                         Strategies in Action — Address the
                                                 Source of Problems
                                 In BVSD, training for all lead custodians focuses on "the
                                 root of the problem" rather than superficial solutions. Lead
                                 custodians learn to conduct regular walkthroughs, effectively
                                 report potential problems (see it, map it, report it) and train
                                 their colleagues to do the same.

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                                         Envisioning Excellence — IAQ Strategies in Action
          KEY DRIVER #6 — EVALUATE YOUR RESULTS  FOR CONTINUOUS
                                               IMPROVEMENT
           Strategy 6.1 — Solicit Feedback
   Ask occupants for input on your program's effectiveness to
   improve community relations and gather valuable data.

   •  Ask occupants for feedback on their comfort with your
      IAQ program, the ease of reporting concerns, perceived
      effectiveness of response to reports and satisfaction with the
      indoor environment.
    Strategies in Action — Solicit Feedback
Occupants in WCSD facilities receive an annual survey, the
results of which (in tandem with building walkthroughs) drive
the district's determination of the IAQ programs performance
and priorities.

BVSD asks occupants to score the school's indoor environment
on annual surveys and aims to receive scores of at least four out
of five from 100 percent of respondents.
   Strategy 6.2 — Capture Return on Investment
•  Establish and track quantitative targets for your program
   wherever possible.

   •  Identify measures that assess program implementation and
      your progress toward program goals. Consider tracking the
      number of school nurse visits, IAQ complaints, operating
      costs, training frequency and other metrics.

   •  Measure return on investment across several benchmarks
      to identify accomplishments; recognize areas for more
      concentrated effort; distinguish effective from ineffective
      tactics; assess some of the financial value of your program;
      and demonstrate program merit.
   Strategies in Action — Capture Return on
                    Investment
WCSD tracked attendance rate improvements since the outset
of the IAQ program. These data have helped to encourage
the custodial staff and others who implement the program by
showing them how their efforts pay off in very tangible terms.
Based on the district's demonstrable results, WCSD's voters
approved the conversion of fixed-term to continuing levies to
provide continuous funds for long-term facility improvements
and upgrades.

BVSD documented reduced operating costs associated with
the IAQ program (e.g., energy savings from HVAC upgrades)
and used the proof of savings to invest money back into the
program. BVSD also documented a rise in test scores every year
since the IAQ Tools for Schools Program began and fewer per
capita IAQ complaints.
                                                   January 2011

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