ENERGY STAR
2010 Licensed Professional's Guide
to the ENERGY STAR ฎ Label
for Commercial Buildings
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air and Radiation
US Environmental Protection Agency
March 2011
-------
Table of Contents
Introduction 3
Module 1: Physical Characteristics 5
Module 2: Operating Characteristics 8
Module 3: Energy Consumption 12
Module 4: Thermal Comfort 15
Module 5: Illumination 18
Module 6: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality 22
Appendix A: Contact Information 26
Appendix B: Qualifications for Licensed Professionals 27
Appendix C. Example Copy of a Statement of Energy Performance 28
Appendix D. Example Copy of Data Checklist 29
Appendix E. List of Building Type Definitions 33
Appendix F: Outdoor Air Ventilation Rates for Health Care Facilities 37
Appendix G: How to Apply for the ENERGY STAR Label 40
-------
Introduction
Since January 1999, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has provided the public with
the means to quickly and easily assess, or benchmark, the energy performance of commercial buildings
relative to similar buildings in the United States. Accounting for the most significant drivers of energy
intensity such as weather and operating characteristics, a building whose performance is among the
nation's top 25 percent (equal to an energy performance rating of 75 or greater on a 1 to 100 scale) and
that maintains a healthy indoor environment can qualify as an ENERGY STAR building.
EPA's Portfolio Manager is an on-line, interactive, software tool that makes benchmarking energy
performance simple and accessible. Portfolio Manager is based on statistical models developed by the
US EPA that correlate energy data to operational characteristics for each building type to identify the key
drivers of energy use1. Based on physical and operating characteristics, such as size, number of
workers, operating hours per week, number of PCs, etc., the rating system evaluates and communicates
the energy performance of a building relative to other buildings with similar characteristics in the United
States.
After the building's energy performance is assessed, users can apply for the ENERGY STAR label by
completing an Application Letter and Statement of Energy Performance, and a Data Checklist (See
Appendix C and D). The Statement of Energy Performance is a stand-alone document designed to
communicate not only a building's energy performance, but also its physical operating characteristics, and
whether it meets industry standards for the following indoor environment conditions: thermal comfort,
adequate ventilation and illumination. The Statement of Energy Performance must be validated by either
a Professional Engineer or Registered Architect (hereafter referred to as a Licensed Professional). Once
all information is validated by a licensed professional, the Statement of Energy Performance becomes an
official document that can be used to apply for the ENERGY STAR label. The role of the licensed
professional is to certify true superior energy performance at the facility and to ensure that indoor
environmental quality was not compromised in pursuit of energy conservation.
Licensed professionals provide unbiased services and are legally bound to uphold standards of ethics.
Because of this high level of professionalism, experience, and expertise, a licensed professional is
required to validate each Statement of Energy Performance that is used to apply for the ENERGY STAR
label. The licensed professional's key role is to verify that all data supplied to EPA is correct and the
building is fully functional in accordance with industry standards. The licensed professional is not
obligated to count up each individual operating characteristic in order to verify a building although they do
need to assess if this information is correct. Additionally, the licensed professional is required to use
his/her professional judgment to assess whether indoor environmental quality standards have been met
at the building (and have not been compromised in pursuit of energy conservation). Additionally, the
licensed professional must verify that all information provided in the Statement of Energy Performance
and on the Data Checklist is accurate. Services performed by the licensed professional in connection
with the ENERGY STAR label shall in no way diminish or otherwise modify the responsibilities or liability
of the original designer or operator of the building.
Validating a Statement of Energy Performance and Data Checklist requires the licensed professional to
review two categories of user-provided information. These verifications by the licensed professional are
one step in the rigorous review process of a label application. For more on the labeling application
process, which is the responsibility of the building owner/manager, see Appendix G.
I. The licensed professional must verify that the data entered about the building is accurate. This
includes verifying the building's physical characteristics, operating characteristics, and energy
consumption. All building characteristics are provided in entirety on the data checklist and must be
verified through a site visit by the licensed professional.
II. During the site visit the licensed professional must also verify that the building complies with current
EPA conducts statistical analysis on the data gathered by the Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration during its
quadrennial Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS). For more information on how the rating is calculated and
supporting documents on the statistical models, please visit the supporting documents page
http://www.eneravstar.gov/index.cfm?c=evaluate performance.bus portfoliomanager docs
-------
industry standards for indoor environmental quality including thermal comfort, illumination, outside
air ventilation, and control of indoor air pollutants (See modules 4, 5 & 6). These standards are
meant to provide general guidance for a comfortable and healthy work environment. It us up to the
licensed professional's expert judgment as to whether the building as a whole provides a suitable
work environment for its occupants.
This document, The Licensed Professional's Guide to the ENERGY STARฎ Label for Commercial
Buildings, is intended to assist the Professional Engineers and Registered Architects in understanding
the requirements of the Statement of Energy Performance, the Data Checklist, and the expectations and
limitations of the licensed professional's role in the ENERGY STAR labeling process. Each module
covers a single topic and contains a purpose, background, expectations, hints and tips, and questions
and answers. Where needed, industry standards are referenced and detailed tables are provided to
illustrate the relevant standard requirements. However, this document is not intended to take the place
of the referenced standards; the licensed professional should refer to the standards for more complete
information about their requirements2.
EPA is committed to continually improving the content of this document, and welcomes all comments
that further enhance the Licensed Professional's Guide. All applicable contact information is provided in
Appendix A. Please send all suggestions on improving the Licensed Professional's guide to:
buildinqs@enerqystar.qov.
EPA thanks you for choosing to take part in the ENERGY STAR labeling process and hopes that you find
this experience professionally rewarding and are able to forge new or expand existing business
relationships. In so doing, you can be assured that you are helping to mitigate society's impact on the
environment and climate change.
2 For additional guidance on indoor air quality outside the scope of this document please visit EPA's Indoor Environments Division
(IED) website (http://www.epa.gov/iaq/).
-------
Module 1: Physical Characteristics
1.1 Objective:
All recorded physical characteristics displayed on a building's Statement of Energy Performance must be
verified when applying for the ENERGY STAR label.
1.2 Background and Expectations of the Licensed Professional:
To assess the energy performance of a building, all physical characteristics must be accurately portrayed
by the user. The licensed professional is expected to verify the accuracy of the building's recorded
physical characteristics which include building floor area in square feet, building name, location, etc. A
list of the items to be verified is provided at the end of this module. These items must be verified to be
true and accurately displayed on the Statement of Energy Performance and Data Checklist.
1.3 Building Designation Requirement:
The information needed to complete a Statement of Energy Performance and/or to apply for the ENERGY
STAR label varies by building type and is given below. Currently there are thirteen eligible building space
types. Definitions of all building and space types are provided in Appendix E. More than 50% of the
building's gross floor area (excluding parking lots and garages) must be defined by one of the following
space types:
Bank / Financial Institution
Courthouse
Data Center
Dormitory
Hospital (acute and children's)
Hotel
House of Worship
K-12 School
Medical Office
Office
Retail Store
Senior Care Facility
Supermarket / Grocery Store
Warehouse (refrigerated and unrefrigerated)
1.4 Physical Characteristics Requirements:
All buildings must meet the following requirements pertaining to gross square foot, location, parking
structures and pools.
The gross floor area of the building (excluding garage and parking lot) must be at least 5,000
square feet, with four exceptions:
a. Bank / Financial Institutions must be at least 1,000 square feet
b. Hospitals must be at least 20,000 square feet
c. Houses of Worship must be at least 1,000 square feet
d. Data Centers do not have a square feet minimum
-------
The building must be located within the United States of America or its territories. Buildings
owned by the United States government that are located in foreign lands are also eligible. A 5-
digit ZIP code must be recorded for buildings located in the USA or its territories. For buildings
owned by the United States government that are located in foreign lands, the user must select an
international city from a list of cities with available weather data that is provided in Portfolio
Manager. The location within a climate that is most similar to that where the building is located
should be chosen. Typically, this is the location nearest to that of the building.
The presence of a swimming pool on the same utility meter should be recorded, along with its
size and an indication of whether the pool is located inside or outside of the facility.
Total square foot of parking structures, and any space marked as "Other" or "Multifamily" must be
verified and are subject to the following restrictions.
The combined floor area of all the Parking Structures cannot exceed the total gross floor
area of the building (where the gross floor area of the building excludes the parking
garage/parking lot). Additionally, the presence of an attached parking structure on the
same utility meter(s) must be recorded.
The combined floor area of any space classified as "Other" cannot exceed 10% of the
total gross floor area of the building (where gross floor area of the building excludes the
parking garage/parking lot).
The combined floor area of all Multifamily Housing space cannot exceed 10% of the total
gross floor area of the building (where gross floor area of the building excludes the
parking garage/parking lot).
For Hospitals (i.e. if Hospital accounts for more than 50% of the space), the only other unique
space types that may be included are: Data Center, Parking Garages and Lots, Other and
Swimming Pools.
The building being evaluated must be a single structure and not a campus or plaza
There may be an exception for hospitals, schools, and hotels
The Hospital designation is limited to only Acute Care and Children's Hospitals. Specifically
excluded are all hospitals primarily used as out-patient facilities, cancer centers, psychiatric care
hospitals, rehabilitation centers, or veterinary clinics. See Appendix E for definitions.
Retail properties are eligible to earn the ENERGY STAR at the store level only. Eligible store
configurations include: free standing stores; stores located in open air or strip centers (a
collection of attached stores with common areas that are not enclosed); and mall anchors. Retail
configurations not eligible to earn the ENERGY STAR include: entire enclosed malls (a collection
of attached stores with enclosed common areas); individual stores located within enclosed malls;
entire open air or strip centers; and individual stores that are part of a larger non-mall building (i.e.
office or hotel). Retail space that is part of a mixed-use property should review the mixed-use
benchmarking guidance:
http://www.enerqystar.qov/index.cfm?c=eliqibility.bus portfoliomanaqer eligibility mixed.
A Data Center space using estimated IT Energy cannot exceed 10% of the total gross floor area.
Starting on June 7, 2010, there is a new user input requirement for Data Center to
capture the IT Energy. With this requirement, some Data Centers will need to install new
meters to capture the IT energy usage. Therefore, a transitional period between June
2010 and June 2012 has been established during which buildings may be able to receive
ratings using system-generated estimated values. After June 2012 estimates will no
longer be available within Portfolio Manager. Data Centers that apply estimates are
limited to 10% of the total building floor area. Provided that the Data Center is 10% or
less of the floor area, estimates may be used to earn both a rating and an ENERGY
STAR label.
1.5 Hints & Tips:
Original specifications, design documents, and "as-built" drawings can be used to confirm certain physical
characteristics. However, because the actual physical characteristics of the building can vary significantly
from these plans and records, any review of documentation should always be combined with a physical
inspection of the building.
-------
1.6 Physical Characteristics Q& A:
Are buildings that are owned by U. S. based companies or by the Federal Government but
that are located outside of the United States eligible to apply for the ENERGY STAR label?
Buildings located on foreign lands but owned by U.S.-based companies are not eligible to apply for the
ENERGY STAR label. However, buildings that are located on foreign lands but that are owned and
occupied by the United States government and that meet U.S. construction codes are eligible.
Are common areas to be included when determining the floor area of the building or a
given space (for example, office space)?
Yes, the user-entered value for area must be the gross total area of the building. This value is measured
from the principal exterior surfaces of the enclosing fixed walls and includes all supporting functions such
as kitchens and break rooms used by staff, storage areas, administrative areas, elevators, stairwells,
atria, vent shafts, etc.
Additionally, the following must be noted:
Existing atriums should only include the base floor area that they occupy.
Interstitial (plenum) space between floors should not be included in total.
Gross floor area is not the same as leasable space. Leasable space is a subset of a
building's gross floor area.
Can the square footage of the parking garage or surface parking be excluded from the
square footage of the building?
Yes, if the parking garage is separately metered from the building and not included in other utility bill
data in Portfolio Manager, the user can exclude the parking garage or surface parking from Portfolio
Manager. However, if the energy consumption for a parking garage or surface parking is included on the
same meter as the building then it should be accounted for in Portfolio Manager.
- If a data center is enclosed in a larger ratable building, can the square footage of the data
center be excluded from the square footage of the building?
No, if a data center is enclosed in a ratable building, the data center must be included in the total square
footage and total energy consumption for the building. The total gross floor area of the data center is
measured between the principal exterior surfaces of the enclosing fixed walls and includes all supporting
functions for the data center.
1.7 Verifying Information on Data Checklist
The Data Checklist prints out with the Statement of Energy Performance from Portfolio Manager. The
document is meant to summarize all building information for both the owner/operator of the building and
the licensed professional. The document is especially meant to assist the licensed professional during the
site visit of the label application process by providing all the information about the building in question
including physical, operational, and energy information. During the site visit, the licensed professional
must verify that all information listed on the Data Checklist (and SEP) is true and accurate. In addition to
stamping that all information listed on the SEP is true and accurate, the licensed professional must also
sign and date the Data Checklist for purposes of applying for the ENERGY STAR label. A complete data
checklist will include a check and/or notation in the box provided by each item. Below are a few examples
of physical characteristics that must be verified by the licensed professional:
Building Name
Type of Office
Location
Single Structure
Gross Floor Area
-------
Module 2: Operating Characteristics
2.1 Objective:
All recorded operating characteristics displayed on a building's Statement of Energy Performance must
be verified when applying for the ENERGY STAR label.
2.2 Background and Expectations of the Licensed Professional:
To assess the energy performance of a building, all building operating characteristics must be accurately
portrayed by the user. Operating characteristics include weekly operating hours and number of workers
among other pertinent characteristics specific to each building type. The Licensed Professional is
expected to verify the accuracy of the building's recorded operating characteristics displayed on the
Statement of Energy Performance and Data Checklist and verify that the building meets the eligibility
requirements for the ENERGY STAR label.
2.3 Operating Characteristic Requirements:
Eligibility requirements must be met before a building can qualify for the ENERGY STAR label. In Portfolio
Manager, users are asked to enter data for key operating characteristics of their building. There are
minimum and maximum thresholds for these values applied within Portfolio Manager. These limits are
designed to make sure that their building falls into an operation pattern consistent with that of the peer
group of buildings used for comparison. In order to be eligible to receive a national energy performance
rating and qualify for the ENERGY STAR label, these minimal threshold values must be met:
All buildings must:
o have at least 11 consecutive months of energy data and operational characteristics
o be at least 5,000 ft2, with four exceptions:
If the building is a bank, it may be as small as 1,000 square foot
If the building is a hospital, it must be at least 20,000 square foot
If the building is a house of worship, it may be as small as 1,000 square foot
If the building is a data center, there is no minimum square footage
requirement
o be in operation at least 30 hours per week, with two exceptions:
This does not apply to buildings that are not asked for hours of operation,
such as Hotels or Data Centers
This does not apply to Houses of Worship
o contain at least 1 worker during the main shift, with one exception
This does not apply for hospitals or any other building type that does not
have "Workers on Main Shift" listed as a required operational characteristic)
All office, bank, and courthouse spaces must contain at least 1 Personal Computer (PC).
Retail stores must contain at least 1 register but can have 0 personal computers.
Building must meet the following occupancy requirements:
o Offices must have more than 50% average annual occupancy
o Hotels must have at least 55% average annual occupancy (i.e. less than 45%
vacancy)
o K-12 Schools must operate for at least 8 months of the year
If the facility is a hospital, it must include:
o At least 16 licensed beds but no more than 1,510 beds and
o No more than 40 floors
-------
If the facility is a retail store, it must:
o Be a single store only. This includes free standing stores, stores located in a strip or
open-air shopping centers, and enclosed mall anchor stores.
o Have an exterior entrance to the public.
Residence halls/Dormitories must contain at least 5 rooms.
If the facility is a hotel, it must include at least one room
Houses of Worship must have at least 25 seats and no more than 4,000 seats
Senior Care Facilities cannot have an Average Number of Residents that exceeds the
Resident Capacity.
2.4 Hints & Tips:
For office buildings, it can be useful to contact the building's local area network (LAN) manager or
the equivalent to find out the average number of workers and number of PCs throughout the year,
and the typical weekly operating hours.
Because HVAC systems are often scheduled to operate for a period of time before and after the
typical period of occupancy, using data from an automated environmental management system
can substantially overstate the weekly operating hours as defined in Portfolio Manager. "Weekly
operating hours" is defined by the number of hours during the week the building is 75% occupied.
For data centers, it can be helpful for the licensed professional to collaborate with both the IT
manager and building manager to ensure that all the required information about the metering
configuration and IT energy data are accurate.
Data Center is a unique space because one of the operational characteristics is a set of energy
meters capturing the IT Energy Consumption. This requires special verification considerations.
The licensed professional must:
o Verify that the user entered the correct metering configuration for their IT energy.
The licensed professional should look at electrical diagrams to determine what
the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) powers.
If no more than 10% of the UPS energy goes to non-IT equipment
An energy measurement at the output of the UPS is required. Verify that
the meter is located at the UPS output and that no more than 10% of the
energy is direct to non-IT equipment.
If non-IT equipment energy consumption amounts to greater than 10% of the
UPS energy consumption
Verify that the non-IT consumption has been properly sub-metered, and
removed from the UPS load when entered in Portfolio Manager; or
Verify that a correct measurement is taken at the input to the Power
Distribution Unit (PDU)
o Verify the annual IT energy values as measured at the UPS output or PDU input meters.
o If the user has selected to use estimated data for IT Energy
Verify that measured data is not available at either the UPS Output or PDU Input
meters.
Verify that the square footage of the data center is less than 10% of the total
square footage of a building.
Estimated IT Energy is only permitted until June 2012.
2.5 Operating Characteristics Q& A:
Are the weekly operating hours the same as the hours that the HVAC system is
operating, including start-up and shut-down periods?
No. Weekly operating hours are defined as the number of hours per week in which the majority of the
-------
primary tenants (workers for office buildings, customers for grocery stores/ supermarkets, and students
for K-12 schools) are within the confines of the building.
How should the Licensed Professional verify that that weekly operating hours are correctly
accounted for?
Weekly Operating Hours are the number of hours per week that a building (or space within a building) is
occupied by at least 75% of the tenant employees, and is therefore considered to be operational. These
hours often correspond to "lease hours" in a multi-tenant office building. The licensed professional should
verify that the user did not include HVAC start-up time or hours when the building was occupied only by
maintenance, security, or other support personnel. The licensed professional should verify that HVAC
operations (and/or the operation of other technical building systems) are not a factor when determining
office space operating hours for Portfolio Manager.
In a situation where a building has multiple tenants with varied hours, the licensed professional should
verify that the user created an additional space for tenants whose weekly operating hours differ from the
building norm by 10 hours or more. For example, if standard weekly operating hours are 65 but one
tenant's employees are present for 75 hours each week, then that tenant's square footage should be
entered as an additional space with 75 weekly operating hours. Only the square footage of the tenant that
operates 75 hours each week can be input with Weekly Operating Hours of 75, even if the entire building
must be air conditioned in order to accommodate that tenant. This is because HVAC operations (and/or
the operation of other building systems) are not a factor when determining office space operating hours
for Portfolio Manager. Rather, Weekly Operating Hours are the number of hours per week that a building
(or space within a building) is occupied by at least 75% of the tenant employees, and is therefore
considered to be operational.
Does an employee kitchen or galley count as a cooking facility?
No. In Portfolio Manager this question is used to determine whether it contains a cooking facility, such as
a cafeteria, where food is prepared and served to the primary occupants, customers, or guests. Employee
kitchens and galleys are outside the intent of this question. Cafeterias that serve only to keep food warm
that was prepared elsewhere should not be considered cooking facilities.
How should office buildings that have a large (for example, one half of one full floor), full-
service cafeteria within the main office building structure be handled? Is this space
considered part of the primary office space or is it considered another space type, such as
restaurant?
If the space serves the office building, then it is considered part of the office space and should not be
separated out. If this cafeteria space is unrelated to the office building and is considered an independent
operation such as a separate restaurant or catering service, than it should be entered into Portfolio
Manager as "other".
Is the Licensed Professional expected to count each required input such as occupants,
PCs, or rooms to verify the quantity in a given space?
No. The licensed professional may verify this information by asking credible parties who have a
detailed knowledge of the building or cross-checking information within a Portfolio Manager account.
However, it is good practice to verify in person any questionable information. Additionally, all physical
and operating characteristics of the building must be verified in some form. To aid this process, please
see the data checklist provided (See Appendix D).
Is the Licensed Professional required to verify annual average occupancy in an Office?
Yes. The licensed professional is required to verify that the average annual occupancy of an Office is
more than 50%. If vacant space averages more than 10% of the building floor area over the 12-month
period of assessment, then vacant space must be entered as a separate space within Portfolio Manager
10
-------
(i.e. one Office Space for the occupied portion and a second Office Space for the vacant portion). For the
vacant space, the licensed professional should verify that the user entered the following operating
characteristic values:
Weekly Operating Hours = 0
Workers on Main Shift = 0
Number of PCs = 0
Percent Heated and Percent Cooled = Report conditioning as it occurs in the
vacant space
Is the Licensed Professional required to verify the IT energy for Data Centers?
Yes, the Licensed Professional is required to verify the IT energy consumption for data centers. The
licensed professional is required to verify that the correct IT energy configuration has been entered
correctly for the building and to verify that the IT energy consumption is accurate.
How can the Licensed Professional determine if they can use estimated values for IT
energy for data centers?
If the data center does not have a meter at the UPS or PDU, is enclosed within a larger ratable building,
and is less than 10% of the total square footage of the building, then the user can use estimated default
values for the data center IT energy consumption until June 2012. After that date, the user will have to
install a meter at the output of the UPS to measure the IT energy if they want to be eligible for the
ENERGY STAR.
2.6 Checklist: Verification of Operating Characteristics of a Building
For more on the verification process of the Data Checklist for the purposes of applying for the
ENERGY STAR label, please refer to Section 1.7.
11
-------
Module 3: Energy Consumption
3.1 Objective:
All recorded energy consumption for each type of fuel used within a building must be verified on a
Statement of Energy Performance for a building applying for the ENERGY STAR label.
3.2 Background and Expectations of the Licensed Professional:
To assess the performance of a building, all sources of energy within the building must be entered and
verified through Portfolio Manager. Currently, acceptable fuel sources include the following: electricity
(grid purchases, on-site solar and on-site wind), natural gas, fuel oil, diesel fuel, district steam or hot
water, district chilled water, propane, coal, coke, kerosene and wood.
The Licensed Professional is expected to review energy consumption documentation for each energy
source used in the building and to validate the energy consumption values reported on the Statement of
Energy Performance and Data Checklist. Documentation must include monthly energy consumption for
each energy source spanning the most recent 12 months including dates of each entry. The licensed
professional must also verify that no fuels were excluded. Each item must be verified to be true and
accurate on the Statement of Energy Performance and Data Checklist.
3.3 Energy Reporting Requirements
Buildings are expected to report all forms of energy that are required for building operation. It is critical
for the Licensed Professional to verify that all fuel sources are included and listed on the Statement of
Energy Performance and Data Checklist. Particular details on the most common sources of fuels are as
follows:
Grid Electricity - When electricity is purchased from the grid, the Licensed Professional is
required to verify that the user entered the total amount of as-billed electricity consumption. This
will typically be found on monthly electric bills. All purchases of grid electricity must be reported.
Natural Gas - When natural gas is purchased from a supplier, the Licensed Professional is
required to verify that the user entered the total amount of as-billed natural gas consumption. This
will typically be found on monthly gas bills. All purchases of natural gas must be reported.
Fuel Oil and Propane - If fuel oil or propane is combusted on site in a boiler, then the amount of
fuel purchased and combusted must be reported. Unlike electricity and natural gas, these fuels
may not be delivered or measured on a month-to-month billing period. Fuel values can be
entered as they are billed. It is also permissible to divide a delivery amount over the total months
that are covered.
District Energy (hot water, chilled water, steam) - If district heat is purchased from the utility, the
monthly quantity of consumption should be reported. The Licensed Professional is required to
verify that the user entered the total amount of as-billed district energy consumption. This will
typically be found on monthly bills. All purchases of district energy must be reported.
On-Site Solar and Wind Electricity - Buildings are required to report the amount of electricity that
is generated on site from solar or wind energy and used at the building. They are also asked to
report energy that they sell to the grid. The Licensed Professional is required to confirm that all
energy generated and used on-site from these sources is reported in full. The Licensed
Professional is required to ensure that the user is not subtracting the on-site solar and wind
energy generated on-site from the total energy consumption of the building.
On-Site Combined Heat and Power (CHP) -CHP systems consume a single input fuel (e.g.
natural gas) to produce both heat and electricity. In these situations, the input fuel is the required
data entry for Portfolio Manager. The Licensed Professional should verify that all input fuels are
included in the total report energy. This may be found on monthly values for a fuel such as
12
-------
natural gas, or from other irregular billing periods for diesel oil or coal. The user is not required to
report the amount of heat and electricity generated form the CHP system.
Wood and Coal - If wood or coal is purchased and consumed on site, the quantities of these
fuels must be reported. Like fuel oil, these fuels will likely not be delivered or measured on a
month-to-month billing period. Fuel values can be entered as they are billed. It is also
permissible to divide a delivery amount over the total months that are covered.
3.4 Hints & Tips:
First, review actual monthly energy bills provided by the management or owners. Other sources
of energy consumption data, such as spreadsheet tracking and Energy Management Control
System (EMCS) output, might be incomplete or not record all fuels or meters within the building.
Before reviewing the building record on the SEP and Data Checklist or performing the building
walk-through you should do the following:
o Get copies of actual energy bills and any record of monthly EMCS output.
o Determine the number of energy sources used within the building.
o Ask about the energy sources for any equipment that uses something other than
electricity (for example, domestic water heaters and back-up electrical generators).
o Determine if there is electricity generated on-site from solar or wind sources
Data center operators are required to report their IT Energy consumption. This is not the utility
meter, but a sub-meter measuring the energy used by the IT equipment.
o The licensed professional is required to verify that both the IT Energy configuration and
the IT energy (measured by the output of the UPS or input to the PDU) are entered
accurately in Portfolio Manager.
o Refer back to Section 2.4 for additional details.
3.5 Energy Consumption Q& A:
To verify the monthly energy consumption, must monthly bills from the utility
company be independently obtained?
No. If the licensed professional is confident based on his/her walk-through that all of the energy sources
and meters are accounted for, then independently obtained monthly utility bills are not required. In all but
the rarest of cases, the review of existing monthly energy bills that have been provided by the building
management or owner is sufficient. If the building owner cannot produce monthly energy bills, then it
may be necessary for the PE to contact the utility.
Are monthly utility bills needed to verify the monthly energy consumption of each fuel?
No. Based upon the judgment of the licensed professional, a building-wide, energy-tracking tool that fully
tracks consumption of all fuels (such as an EMCS) may be used instead of utility bills.
Are simulated or calculated values for monthly energy consumption acceptable?
No. Simulated or calculated values for monthly energy consumption are not acceptable when applying for
the ENERGY STAR label.
Should the electrical outputs of co-generation units be included as part of the building's
monthly energy consumption?
No. The energy input required by the co-generation unit must be accounted for in Portfolio Manager, but
13
-------
not the electricity that is generated.
Should the electrical outputs of renewable energy (on-site solar and wind) be included as
part of the building's monthly energy consumption?
Yes. Buildings must report the full electric requirement of the building; this includes the electricity that
comes form on-site solar and wind electricity.
Does Portfolio Manager incorporate other on-site sources of renewable energy?
No. At the moment, the only types of renewable energy included in Portfolio Manager are on-site solar
and wind. EPA is performing an investigation of other on-site sources of renewable energy to determine
the most appropriate way to incorporate them in the future.
- Does a data center located in a building with other ratable space types have to be sub-
metered for its total energy consumption?
No. A data center located within a larger building with other ratable space types does not have to be sub-
metered for energy consumption. The rating for a mixed-use building is calculated for the entire building
and is based on the operating characteristics of each individual space type and the total energy
consumption for the building. Therefore, if the energy consumption of the data center is not sub-metered,
the rating can still be calculated for the entire building.
3.6 Checklist: Verification of Energy Consumption
For more on the verification process of the Data Checklist please refer to Section 1.7.
14
-------
Module 4: Thermal Comfort
4.1 Objective:
The licensed professional must verify that the thermal conditions in a building conform to industry
standards as part of the review for the ENERGY STAR label and to help assure that a comfortable work
environment has not been sacrificed to reduce energy use.
4.2 Technology Standard:
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy. American
Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Atlanta Georgia, www.ashrae.org
4.3 Background and Expectations of the Licensed Professional:
According to ASHRAE Standard 55, acceptable thermal environment of indoor spaces designed for
human occupancy is dependent upon temperature, relative humidity, air speed, building activity, and
clothing insulation. Thermal comfort may also vary from person to person; however, extensive laboratory
and field data have been collected by ANSI/ASHRAE to provide necessary statistical data to define
conditions that a specified percentage of occupants will find thermally comfortable. The majority of data
collected is thermal comfort data that pertains to sedentary or near sedentary physical activity levels
typical of office work. The licensed professional is expected to verify on the Statement of Energy
Performance that thermal comfort conditions of the building are met given the standards outlined in
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55. It is the responsibility of the licensed professional to consider all measured
data and observations at the time of the site visit and to determine, in his/ her professional opinion,
whether the building meets the letter and spirit of ASHRAE Standard 55.
4.4 Acceptable Thermal Environmental Conditions:
There are two methods for determining acceptable thermal conditions in occupied spaces as outlined by
ASHRAE Standard 55. One method is based on a typical indoor environment with set conditions, and the
other method assesses thermal conditions in naturally conditioned spaces. Naturally conditioned spaces
are those spaces controlled by occupants through the opening and closing of windows. Given these
different methods, the licensed professional is expected to give a professional opinion about the capability
of the building to provide acceptable thermal environment conditions per guidelines provided by ASHRAE
Standard 55. The licensed professional should measure the temperature, relative humidity, air speed,
and draft of a representative sample of the occupied interior spaces of the building during occupied hours.
Please refer to ASHRAE Standard 55 for guidance on acceptable limits of these conditions that are
expected to be maintained within a functioning building.
4.5 Hints & Tips:
Reviewing previous indoor air quality reports or testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB) reports is
generally not acceptable as a sole source of information when giving a professional opinion about
whether the building can provide acceptable thermal environmental conditions.
It is highly recommended that the licensed professional, as part of the evaluation of the occupied spaces,
observe and record such signs of possible occupant thermal discomfort as:
Oscillating table fans, window fans, or other personal fans
15
-------
Personal space heaters
Open windows (unless it is an occupant-controlled, naturally conditioned space)
Window orthrough-the-wall style room air-conditioners
Covered or otherwise occupant-modified supply air diffusers
Altered or broken thermostats
In addition to observing the conditions, the licensed professional should take temperature and humidity
measurements in occupied areas that have the highest concentration of the items listed above. This is a
good way to check the most problematic occupied areas in the building. Again, it is up to the licensed
professional's judgment as to whether the building as a whole provides a suitable work environment for
those subject to the respective working conditions. The outlined standards for acceptable conditions are
meant to provide general guidance.
For hotels having individual room units for comfort air and a separate system for outdoor air, make sure
that the systems can simultaneously provide comfort AND proper ventilation.
4.6 Thermal Comfort Q& A:
Must the building be assessed as it operates in both heating and cooling modes?
No. The capability of the building to meet ASHRAE Standard 55, for the purposes of the Statement of
Energy Performance, should be determined based on the mode of the HVAC system at the time of the
assessment. However, the presence and prevalence of personal comfort items noted above should
always factor into the decision of the licensed professional as to whether or not both heating and cooling
systems are operating as intended.
Are temperature and humidity measurements required for every occupied space within
the building?
No. The licensed professional should take a representative sample of the occupied spaces. Several
factors might influence a licensed professional 's decision or require further measurement. For example,
if many of the spaces measured are barely meeting the temperature and humidity conditions, then more
measurements may be needed. Similarly, if there are a significant number of personal comfort devices
(for example, fans, heaters and window a/ c units) or damaged and/ or occupant-altered HVAC
equipment (for example, diffusers and thermostats), the licensed professional should consider additional
measurements in these areas.
If the measured temperature and/ or humidity of a single occupied space are outside the
acceptable thermal conditions listed in ASHRAE Standard 55, is that in and of itself
grounds to "fail" the thermal comfort check?
Generally, no. The assessment of thermal comfort should take into account all measurements and
observations, and does not depend upon one occupied space not meeting the temperature and humidity
requirements. After considering all measured data and observations, it is the responsibility of the licensed
professional to determine whether the building meets the letter and spirit of ASHRAE Standard 55.
Why are TAB reports and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) assessments generally not acceptable
to assess whether acceptable thermal environmental conditions are being met?
There are two reasons: 1) the assessment is intended to be a professional opinion at the time of the site
visit; and 2) the assessment is intended to be based on the measurements and observations of the
licensed professional hired to perform the assessment. TAB reports and IAQ assessments can be useful
for the licensed professional to review because they may give confirmation of the licensed professional's
measurements and observations as well as indicate problem areas that need further assessment or
measurement.
16
-------
Are there unique thermal comfort requirements for data centers?
Due to the sensitivity of high density computing equipment, data centers usually operate within strict
ranges for temperature, humidity, particulate matter and dust. ASHRAE Technical Committee 9.9 is
specifically designed to help provide technical guidance for these spaces. They have developed a
number of technical pages which may be of use. This material is available at the following link:
http://tc99.ashraetcs.org/content.html
17
-------
Module 5: Illumination
5.1 Objective:
Appropriate illumination of interior occupied spaces and the generally unoccupied exterior spaces (for
example, parking garages and parking lots) associated with the building must be verified as part of review
for the ENERGY STAR label. Appropriate illumination is defined by current industry standards for
commercial illumination.
5.2 Technology Standard:
IESNA, Lighting Handbook: Reference & Application, 9th Edition. Illuminating Engineering Society of
North America (IESNA) 120 Wall Street, 17th Floor, New York, NY 10005.
5.3 Background and Expectations of the Licensed Professional:
According to the Illuminance Selection Procedure of the IESNA Lighting Handbook, illuminance levels for
specific applications are based on best practices for a "typical" application. While illuminance is not the
sole, or in many cases the most important lighting design criteria, it is a useful indicator to determine if the
lighting system performance has been compromised in pursuit of energy conservation.
The licensed professional is expected to give a professional opinion about the capability of the building to
provide minimum recommended illumination levels of both occupied spaces (that is, interior spaces) and
generally unoccupied spaces (that is, parking garages and parking lots) based on guidance provided by
the Illuminance Selection Procedure in the IESNA Lighting Handbook. In doing so, the licensed
professional should measure the illumination levels in a representative sample of the occupied interior
spaces of the building as well as any associated parking facilities. It is the responsibility of the licensed
professional to decide, based on his/ her professional opinion, whether the building meets the minimum
recommended illumination levels considering all measured data and observations at the time of the site
visit.
5.4 Acceptable Illumination Levels:
The IESNA Lighting Handbook recommends horizontal and/ or vertical task illuminances for a wide
variety of locations and tasks. The recommended values throughout the IESNA Lighting Handbook
represent consensus values formally obtained by the appropriate application committee. IESNA
recognizes that illuminance is not the sole lighting design criterion and that other criteria may be more
important than illuminance. In these instances, the lighting designer may deviate from the recommended
illuminance. In general, IESNA believe that a dramatic difference between actual and a recommended
illuminance (i.e. a difference of two standard deviations or more) is characterized as 1/3 more or 1/3 less
than the recommended value. Any dramatic deviations from the recommended value should be carefully
documented just in case the design is ever challenged. Additionally, it should be kept in mind that while a
single instance is not alarming, a number of dramatic deviations should be questioned and challenged
against the design illuminance. A sample of the minimum recommended illumination levels in foot-
candles (FC) are given in the table below. Please refer to the IESNA Lighting Handbook for a complete
list of recommended illumination levels of interior spaces.
18
-------
Recommended Illumination Levels for Interior Spaces
Note this list is not all inclusive. For a complete list of recommended illumination levels of interior spaces,
see Interior 1-16 of the IESNA Lighting Design Guide.
Space Type
Horizontal
(FC)
Vertical
(FC)
Offices
Meeting Rooms
Video Conference Rooms
Copy Rooms
Mail Sorting
Private Offices
Open Plan Offices
Lobbies/ Reception Areas
Stairways and Corridors
Rest rooms
30
50
10
50
50
30 to 50
10
5
5
5
30
3
3
5
5
3
_
3
Educational Facilities
Reading white boards
Reading - chalk boards
Reading - pen/ typed print/# 2
pencil
Reading - keyboard
Science Labs
Art Rooms
Lecture Halls
-
.
30
30
50
50
100
5
50
~
-
30
30
50
Health Care Facilities
Anesthetizing
Autopsy, general
Cardiac function laboratory
Work areas, general
Operating areas, delivery,
recovery, & lab suite and
service
Critical care areas
Recovery room, general
Emergency outpatient general
Occupational therapy
Patient rooms, observation
Surgical Suite, general
Surgical Holding Room
50
50
50
30
50
5
10
50
30
5
300-1000
50
10
10
10
5
3
3
3
10
5
3
50
10
Space Type*
Horizontal
(FC)
Vertical
(FC)
Hotels
Guest rooms - general
Bathrooms
Corridors, elevators,
stairs
Front desk
Lobby - general lighting
Linen room - general
10
30
5
50
10
10
_
5
-
_
-
Retail
Fitting areas
Stocks rooms,
wrapping, packaging
General merchandise
display
100
30
50
30
5
10
Supermarkets
Shelving
Meat - processed
Meat -fresh
Produce
Dairy
50
50
50
50
50
10
10
10
10
10
Parking Facilities and Enclosed Parking Garages:
The illuminance requirements for all parking facilities depend largely on pedestrian needs and perceived
personal security issues. Lighting for parking lots should provide not only the recommended minimum
19
-------
illuminance levels but also good color, rendition, uniformity, and minimal glare. From a security
standpoint, lighting for parking garages need higher illuminances than open parking facilities. Good
lighting uniformity is most important in parking garages because access aisles are used by pedestrians
for walking between cars, stairways and elevators. The recommended maintained illuminance levels for
both open parking lots and enclosed garages are noted below.
Recommended Maintained Illuminance Values for Parking
Minimum
Horizontal (fc)
Minimum
Vertical (fc)
Open parking lots
Basic
Enhanced Security
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.25
Parking garages
Basic
1.0
0.5
Ramps
Day
Night
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
Entrance Areas
Day
Night
Stairways
50.0
1.0
2.0
25.0
0.5
1.0
5.5 Hints & Tips:
When measuring illuminance, remember to position the light meter at the proper height on the
work surface at the task location (either vertical or horizontal). Avoid shadowing the meter with
your body, and avoid reflections off of clothing.
Allow thirty minutes between system switch-on and the first measurement to ensure that the
lighting system has reached a stable condition.
Daylight effects should be eliminated by performing the lighting survey after dark, or with the
blinds closed and measuring the day lighting contribution with the lights off and subtracting its
contribution to the electric lighting.
Illumination should be checked both directly under the fixture and between fixtures (both laterally
and longitudinally).
Uniformity should also be evaluated, particularly next to walls, in corners, and parking garages
where security and safety might be of question.
Areas with occupant-supplied task lights, de-lamped fixtures, or numerous burned-out lamps
should receive additional scrutiny as these are areas that may be under lit.
The licensed professional should be able to make a professional judgment about whether
appropriate illumination exists through a subset of measurements in a representative sample of
spaces within the building.
5.6 Illumination Q& A:
- If the measured illumination levels of a single occupied space are below the
minimum recommended levels as defined in the IESNA Lighting Handbook, is that, in
20
-------
and of itself sufficient grounds to "fail" the building for inadequate illumination?
Generally no, the assessment of illumination should take into account measurements and observations
of all spaces, and is not necessarily contingent upon one occupied space meeting the minimum
recommended levels. Based on observations at the time of the site visit, the licensed professional must
determine whether the building lighting system meets the minimum recommended illumination levels for
the current occupancy.
US EPA ENERGY STAR Licensed Professional's Guide 2011
21
-------
Module 6: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality
6.1 Objective:
The licensed professional must verify that minimum ventilation rates and acceptable indoor air quality are
provided according to industry standards, as part of the review for the ENERGY STAR label, to help
assure that indoor air quality has not been sacrificed to reduce energy use.
6.2 Technology Standard:
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Note: Healthcare facilities
may use either ASHRAE Standard 62 orAIA 2001 Guideline for Design and Construction of Hospital and
Healthcare Facilities. Earlier versions of the Standard may be used, when properly referenced in building
documents, if appropriate in the licensed professional's professional judgment
6.3 Background and Expectations of the Licensed Professional:
According to ASHRAE Standard 62.1, acceptable indoor air quality refers to air in which there are no
known contaminants at harmful concentrations as determined by cognizant authorities and with which a
substantial majority (80% or more) of the people exposed do not express dissatisfaction. The stated
purpose of the standard is to specify minimum ventilation rates and indoor air quality that is acceptable to
human occupants and that minimizes adverse health effects3. The standard also points out that
acceptable indoor air quality may not be achieved in all buildings meeting the requirements of the
standard for one or more of the following reasons: Because of the diversity of sources and contaminants
in indoor air, because of the many other factors that may affect occupant perception and acceptance of
indoor air quality, such as air temperature, humidity, noise, lighting, and psychological stress; because of
the range of susceptibility in the population; and because outdoor air brought into the building may be
unacceptable or may not be adequately cleaned4. Furthermore, the standard does not prescribe specific
ventilation rate requirements for spaces that contain smoking or that do not meet the requirements in the
standard for separation from spaces that contain smoking.
The standard describes two different compliance paths, one based on ventilation rates (Ventilation Rate
Procedure) and the other based on analysis of contaminant sources (IAQ Procedure). Most designers
use the ventilation rate procedure. The standard includes additional requirements related to certain
sources, including outdoor air, construction processes, moisture, and biological growth, regardless of
which compliance path is selected for determining minimum ventilation rates.
Given proper measurements and observations, the licensed professional is expected to give a
professional opinion about the capability of the building to supply adequate ventilation rates for the
maintenance of acceptable indoor air quality. Ultimately, it is the responsibility of the licensed
professional to determine, based on his/ her professional opinion, whether the building meets the letter
and spirit of ASHRAE Standard 62.1 considering all measured data and observations at the time of the
site visit.
3 Section 1.1.1 of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
4 Section 1.2.7 and 1.2.9 of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
22
-------
6.4 Acceptable Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Rates:
As mentioned above, ASHRAE Standard 62.1 provides details on two ventilation system design paths,
each subject to their own restrictions. The first ventilation system design path is based on a Ventilation
Rate Procedure. This is a prescriptive procedure in which outdoor air intake rates are determined based
on space type/application, occupancy level, and floor area. Minimum ventilation rates for people-related
sources and area-related sources are based on contaminant sources and source strengths that are
typical for most space types, as listed in Table 6.1 of ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Section 6.2. Table 6.1 is
not shown here because the values in the table are not valid in isolation; they must be used in conjunction
with other applicable requirements of the standard.
The second type of design compliance is based on the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Procedure in which
outdoor air intake rates and other system design parameters are based on an analysis of contaminant
sources, contaminant concentration targets, and air quality acceptability targets. In other words, controls
that remove contaminants (e.g., air cleaning devices) or controls that can reliably demonstrate the
maintenance of acceptable indoor air quality (resulting in indoor contaminant concentrations equal to or
lower than those achieved using the Ventilation Rate Procedure) are given credit. For each contaminant
of concern, a target concentration limit and corresponding exposure period should be specified. Section
6.1.2 of ASHRAE Standards 62.1 outlines what design approaches can be used to determine or validate
the acceptability of minimum space and system outdoor airflow rates and other relevant design
parameters. Other specifics on the IAQ Procedure can be referenced in Section 6.3 of ASHRAE Standard
62.1. Furthermore, guidelines for contaminant concentrations can be found in Appendix B of ASHRAE
Standard 62.1.
Sample calculations for determining the required outdoor air supply rates can be found in the 62.1 User's
Manual (ASHRAE). For healthcare facilities using the AIA 2006 Guideline in place of ASHRAE Standard
62.1, see Appendix F for outdoor air supply rates of various healthcare space functions.
Additionally, the licensed professional should document any spaces failing to meet the following
criteria:
Microbiological Sources: The building should be free of visible signs of microbiological sources
such as mold and mildew.
Water Intrusion: Water intrusion or accumulation in ventilation system components such as
ducts, plenums, and air handlers should be investigated and rectified.
6.5 Hints & Tips:
Reviewing the most current, written, preventative maintenance plan can provide useful insight
about the level of concern placed upon the control of indoor air pollutants. A well written
preventive maintenance plan should document the procedures used in the building to monitor,
inspect, and clean all HVAC components for proper operation.
Reviewing previous indoor air quality reports or testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB) reports is
generally not acceptable as the sole means to give a professional opinion about the capability of
the building to provide acceptable outside air.
The licensed professional should make an effort to measure the outdoor airflow directly. If this is
not feasible due to air-handling unit design or configuration, the licensed professional should
calculate the percentage of outdoor air by mass balance equations.
In buildings having repetitive occupant and HVAC configurations, direct measurement of a
sampling of air-handling units may be acceptable. Each air-handling unit, however, should be
23
-------
inspected to determine if it is operating properly.
Central energy management control systems (EMCS) or direct digital control (DDC) systems can
provide real-time information about an air-handling unit's operating status. Licensed
Professionals may use this information at their discretion as a means to give an opinion about
the ability of the building to meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1.
6.6 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality Q&A:
Is the building required to be mechanically ventilated to meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1 ?
Generally, yes. However, some buildings (for example, K-12 schools) were designed to be naturally
ventilated. Use of natural ventilation systems designed in accordance with Section 5.1 of ASHRAE
Standard 62.1, is permitted in lieu of or in conjunction with mechanical ventilation systems. Natural
ventilation must be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Determining whether such buildings
meet mechanical ventilation requirements of ASHRAE 62.1 would necessitate a calculation by the
licensed professional.
Are outside air measurements or calculations required for every occupied space within
the building?
No. It is expected that the licensed professional will take a representative sample of the occupied spaces
to be able to give his/her decision. There are several factors that might influence a licensed professional's
decision or warrant further measurement. For example, if a significantly sized space is marginally meeting
the minimum requirements, then more measurements may be warranted. Similarly, if there are a
significant number of personal fans, indicating stagnate air, or damaged and/or occupied-altered HVAC
equipment (for example, diffusers and thermostats), the licensed professional may want to consider
additional measurements in these areas.
If the measured outdoor air supply of a single occupied space is below the acceptable
supply rates given in ASHRAE Standard 62.1, is that sufficient grounds to give an opinion
of "Fail" for the ventilation requirement?
The answer depends upon the space itself and the compliance design path chosen (IAQ or Ventilation
Rate Procedure); it is ultimately the judgment of the licensed professional. For Example, if the ventilation
rate in an open office plan within a given building does not meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1, then it would
be expected that the licensed professional would give the building a "fail" grade for the ventilation
requirement. However, if the outdoor supply rate or contaminant concentration for a single private office
within a whole building does not meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1 and the remainder of the building is
deemed to meet the standard, than one could reasonably expect that the licensed professional would
give the building a "pass" for the ventilation requirement. Generally the outdoor air supply assessment
and contaminant concentration guideline should take in to account all measurements and observations,
and is not necessarily contingent upon one occupied space meeting the ventilation requirements. It is the
responsibility of the licensed professional to determine whether the building meets the letter and spirit of
ASHRAE Standard 62.1 after considering all measured data and observations.
Why are TAB reports and Indoor Air Quality assessments generally not acceptable for
assessing whether acceptable outside air ventilation is being provided?
The principal reasons are two-fold: 1) the assessment is intended to be a professional opinion at the
time of the site visit; and 2) the assessment is intended to be based upon the measurements and
observations of the licensed professional hired to perform the assessment. TAB reports and IAQ
assessments can be quite useful for the licensed professional to review though as they may provide
confirmation of the licensed professional's measurements and observations as well as indicate
problematic areas worthy of the licensed professional's attention.
24
-------
Is the use of other standards or guidelines acceptable in evaluating "outside air
ventilation" requirements?
All building types are subject to ASHRAE Standard 62.1 with one exception. Healthcare facilities may
use either ASHRAE Standard 62.1 OR AIA 2006 Guideline for Design and Construction of Hospital and
Healthcare Facilities.
Are there unique indoor air quality requirements for data centers?
Due to the sensitivity of high density computing equipment, data centers usually operate within strict
ranges for temperature, humidity, particulate matter and dust. ASHRAE Technical Committee 9.9 is
specifically designed to help provide technical guidance for these spaces. They have developed a
number of technical pages which may be of use. This material is available at the following link:
http://tc99.ashraetcs.org/content.html
25
-------
Appendix A: Contact Information
Mailing Address:
ENERGY STAR Label for Buildings
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (6202J)
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20460
Contact information for questions:
E-mail: buildings@energystar.gov
Web-site: www.energystar.gov (Go to Buildings and Plants)
* More on Portfolio Manager: http://www.energystar.gov/benchmark
Applying for the ENERGY STAR Label: http://www.energystar.gov/eslabel
Technology Standards Referenced in The Guide:
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE)
Publication Sales Department 1791 Tullie Circle, NE Atlanta, GA 30329 Tel: (404) 636-8400
Web URL: www.ashrae.org ASHRAE standards are updated on a continual basis. EPA
recommends that a licensed professional use the latest version of these standards when
undergoing the review process for an ENERGY STAR label application.
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2004: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human
Occupancy. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers,
Inc. Atlanta Georgia, www.ashrae.org
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Atlanta
Georgia, www.ashrae.org
Note: Healthcare facilities may use either ASHRAE Standard 62 orAIA 2006 Guideline for
Design and Construction of Hospital and Healthcare Facilities.
* IESNA, Lighting Handbook: Reference & Application, 9th Edition Illuminating Engineering
Society of North America (IESNA) 120 Wall Street, 17th Floor New York, NY 10005 Tel: (212)
248-5000 Web URL: www.iesna.org E-mail: iesna@iesna.org
26
-------
Appendix B: Qualifications for Licensed Professionals
To validate the Statement of Energy Performance, a licensed professional must be a Professional
Engineer or Registered Architect and possess a current license and be in good standing. The licensed
professional should also have:
A license in a discipline related to commercial building systems (e.g. mechanical engineering or
commercial architecture)
Working knowledge of building systems, ASHRAE Standard 55, ASHRAE Standard 62.1, and the
IESNA Lighting Handbook.
Territorial engineering and architecture licensure laws and regulations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Before offering or performing services, it is recommended that Professional Engineers and Registered
Architects understand the professional practice of their respective disciplines and the ethics requirements
contained in the state and territorial laws and regulations.
27
-------
Appendix C. Example of a Statement of Energy Performance
OMB No. 2060-0347
STATEMENT OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE
Office Sample Facility
ENERGY STAR
Building ID: 2005550
For 12-month Period Ending: April 30, 2010'
Date SEP becomes ineligible: August 28, 2010
Date SEP Generated: July 02, 2010
Facility
Office Sample Facility
1234 Main Street
Arlington, VA 22201
Year Built: 2000
Gross Floor Area (ft'): 53,232
Energy Performance Rating2 (1-100) 90
Facility Owner
Sample Owner
1500 Test Avenue
Charlotte. NC 28227
555-555-5555
Primary Contact for this Facility
Jane Smith
1500 Test Avenue
Charlotte, NC 28227
555-555-5555
jsmith@jsmith.com
Site Energy Use Summary3
Electricity - Grid Purchase(kBtu) 2,288,770
Natural Gas (kBtu)4 1,228,009
Total Energy (kBtu) 3,516.779
Energy Intensity5
Site (kBtu/ft^/yr) 66
Source (kBtu/ftz/yr) 168
Emissions (based on site energy use)
Greenhouse Gas Emissions (MtCO;e/year) 413
Electric Distribution Utility
Dominion - Virginia Electric & Power Co
National Average Comparison
National Average Site EDI 114
National Average Source EUI 289
% Difference from National Average Source EUI -42%
Building Type Office
Professional Engineer Stamp
[Signature:
Based on the conditions observed at the
time of my visit to this building, I certify that
the information contained within this
statement is accurate and in accordance
with the Licensed Professional Guide.
'
Meets Industry Standards6 for Indoor Environmental
Conditions:
Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality Yes
Acceptable Thermal Environmental Conditions Yes
Adequate Illumination Yes
Professional Engineer
License Number: 0000001
State: VA
John Doe
333 Old Sample Lane
Arlington, VA 22201
555-555-1234
Notes:
1 Application for the ENERGY STAR must be submitted to EPA within 4 months of the Period Ending date Award of me ENERGY STAR is not final until approval is received from EPA.
2 The EPA Energy Performance Rating is based on total source energy A rating of 75 is the minimum to be eligible for the ENERGY STAR
3. Values represent energy consumption, annualized to a 12-month period.
4 Natural Gas values in units of volume (e.g. cubic feet) are converted to kBtu with adjustments made for elevation based on Facility zip code
5. Values represent energy intensify, annualized to a 12-month penod
6 Based on Meeting ASHRAE Standard 62 for ventilation for acceptable indoor air quality. ASHRAE Standard 55 for thermal comfort, and IESNA Lighting Handbook for lighting quality .
he CJOv'enrenestir'cites the aveicce tine needed tc fill out this form is 6 hours (me jdest'ie "iir,e fur ente-ing ener:y :::,it.:t Licensed Flrofessioro.l fcic,lif\ in-: pec lien ord 'ictoi zinc H'e ^E? :.nd
v/eicomes suggestions fur red.ianei this level of efo-t. Send comments lre'e--enein:i 'Jl1.'^ ccntiol 'umber to the jirecfcr Collection ^Ircileoiiee D vision I.'.::: EF'A .:2d2o i ] j:uc F'e'ineylvcriic1 Ave
NW, Washington. D.C. 2D460.
EPA Form 5900-16
Trackina Number: SEP201007020001044613
US EPA ENERGY STAR
Licensed Professional's Guide
2011
28
-------
Appendix D. Example of Data Checklist
ENERGY STAR* Data Checklist
for Commercial Buildinss
In order for a building to qualify for the ENERGY STAR, a Professional Engineer (PE) or a Registered Architect (RA) must validate the accuracy of the data underlying
the building's energy performance rating This checklist is designed to provide an at-a-glance summary of a property's physical and operating characteristics, as well as
its total energy consumption, to assist the PE or RA in double-checking the information that the building owner or operator has entered into Portfolio Manager.
Please complete and sign this checklist and include it with the stamped, signed Statement of Energy Performance.
NOTE: You must check each box to indicate that each value is correct, OR include a note
CRITERION
Building Name
VALUE AS ENTEREDlFT
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
Office Sample Facility
Is this the official building name to be displayed in
the ENERGY STAR Registry of Labeled
Buildings?
Type
Location
Office
1234 Main Street. Arlington,
VA 22201
Annual Occupancy
Rate [
Single Structure
VERIFICATION QUESTIONS
Is this an accurate description of the space in
question?
s this address accurate and complete? Correct
weather normalization requires an accurate zip
code.
ijEJala CenlerTbata Center)"
Has the property maintained an average
95 % occupancy of 50% or higher across the 12 month
Iperiod being assessed?
[Does this SEP represent a single structure? SEPs
icannot be submitted for multiple-building
Single Facility campuses (with the exception of acute care or
children's hospitals) nor can they be submitted as
representing only a portion of a building
NOTES
CRITERION
VALUE AS ENTERED IN
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
Gross Floor Area
780 Sq. Ft.
IT Energy
Configuration
| Uninterruptible Power
| Supply (UPS) supports only
| IT equipment. (Preferred)
VERIFICATION QUESTIONS I
jfs this the total gross floor area measured between ]
I the principal exterior surfaces of the enclosing I
[fixed walls, including all supporting functions for I
ithe Data Center? This should include the entire I
jData Center for stand alone facilities, which may I
ihave raised floor computing space, server rack I
laisles, storage silos, control console areas, battery I
rooms, mechanical rooms for cooling equipment, |
iadministrative office areas, elevator shafts, |
istairways, break rooms and restrooms. When a I
iData Center is located within a larger building, the I
:totai gross floor area should Include the computing |
jspace as well as any mechanical rooms or office |
Ispaces that support the data center. |
Does the UPS meter support only IT equipment
within the Data Center?
UPS System
Redundancy
N(Optional)
Cooling Equipment
Redundancy
N-H (Optional)
Annual IT Energy
iSfflce (Office)
913,224.87kBtu
Is this the level of redundancy of the
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)? If there is no
UPS system, is this the redundancy for the PDU
Meters that support the IT Load?
Is this the level of redundancy for the mechanical
cooling equipment at the Data Center?
the Data Center in accordance with the EPA I
metering requirements? EPA metering |
requirements are for a meter at the output of the |
UPS meter, j
1 . Facilities that do not have a UPS meter |
are permitted to provide readings from the I
input of the PDU j
2, Facilities for which more than 10% of the I
UPS load is directed to non-IT equipment I
are permitted to subtract the non-IT loads I
if they are sub-metered. or to report a I
reading from the PDU if the non-IT loads I
are not sub-metered j
NOTES
29
-------
CRITERION
Gross Floor Area
Weekly operating
hours
Workers on Main
Shin
Number of PCs
Percent Cooled
Percent Heated
Gross Floor Area
Enclosed Floor
Area
Non-Enclosed
Floor Area (w/roof)
Open Floor Area
(w/o roof)
VALUE AsWrfRfBTN
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
52,452 Sq. Ft.
90 Hours
1.300
VERIFICATION QUESTIONS
_________
functions such as kitchens and break rooms used
by staff, storage areas, administrative areas,
elevators, stairwells, atria, vent shafts, etc. Also
note that existing atriums should only include the
base floor area that it occupies. Interstitial
(plenum) space between floors should not be
included in the total. Finally gross floor area is not
'the same as leasable space. Leasable space is a
[subset of gross floor area.
;is this!h
-------
ENERGY STAR* Data Checklist
for Commercial Buildings
Energy Consumption
Power Generation Plant or Distribution Utility: Dominion - Virginia Electric & Power Co
Fuel Type: Electricity
Meter: Electric (kWh (thousand Watt-hours))
Space(s): Entire Facility
Generation Method: Grid Purchase
Start Date
04/01/2010
03/01/2010
02/01/2010
01/01/2010
12/01/2009
11/01/2009
10/01/2009
09/01/2009
08/01/2009
07/01/2009
End Date
04/30/2010
03/31/2010
02/28/2010
01/31/2010
12/31/2009
11/30/2009
10/31/2009
09/30/2009
08/31/2009
07/31/2009
06/01/2009 [ 06'30/2009
05/01/2009 f 05/31:2009
Energy Use (kWh (thousand Watt-hours))
45,000.00
47,000.00
42.000.00
54.200.00
57,800.00
57.600.00
59.800.00
77.200.00
67,200.00
52,600.00
54.800.00
45,600.00
Electric Consumption (kWh (thousand Watt-hours)) f 670,800.00
Electric Consumption (kBtu (thousand Btu))
Total Electricity (Grid Purchase) Consumption (KBtu (thousand Btu))
Is this the total Electricity (Grid Purchase) consumption at this building including all
Electricity meters?
Fuel Type: Natural Gas
2,288,769.60
2,288,769.60
Meter: Natural Gas (ccf (hundred cubic feet))
Space(s): Entire Facility
Start Date
04/01/2010
03/01/2010
02/01/2010
01/01/2010
12/01/2009
11/01/2009
10/01/2009
09/01/2009
08/01/2009
07/01/2009
j
End Date
04/30/2010
03/31/2010
02/28/2010
01/31/2010
12/31/2009
11/30/2009
10/31/2009
09/30/2009
08/31/2009
07/31/2009
Energy Use (ccf (hundred cubic feet))
2.109.00
2.009.00
1.258.00
1.755.00
280.00
141.00
500.00
300.00
250.00
230.00
31
-------
06/01/2009 I 06/30/2009 | 1.500.00
05/01/2009 | 05/31/2009 | 1.602.00
Natural Gas Consumption (ccf (hundred cubic feet)) 11,934.00
Natural Gas Consumption (kBtu (thousand Btu)) 1.228,008.60
Total Natural Gas Consumption (kBtu (thousand Btu)) j 1,228,008.60
Is this the total Natural Gas consumption at this building including all Natural Gas meters?
p______S
[DolhelueTconsumption totals shown above represent the total energy use of this building? {
(Please confirm there are no additional fuels (district energy, generator fuel oil) used in this facility, > :
^-....^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
poTheTuel consump^^^ ; _
jyour facility? Please confirm that no on-site solar or wind installations have been omitted from this j
[list. All on-site systems must be reported. I
IT Energy Type: Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Output Energy
Meter Name: UPS
Start Date j End Date I Energy Use (kWh)
05/01/2009 I 04/30/2010 | 80,135.00
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Output Energy (kWh) 80,135.00
Total IT Energy from AH Required Meters
Annual Site IT Energy (kWh) j 80,135.00
Annual Source IT Energy (kWh) J 267,650.90
Certifying Professional
(When applying for the ENERGY STAR, the Certifying Professional must be the same PE or RA that signed and stamped the SEP.)
Name:
Date:
Signature:
Signature is required when applying for the ENERGY STAR.
32
-------
Appendix E. List of Building Type Definitions
Bank/Financial Institution
Bank/Financial Institution applies to facility space used for financial services. Relevant businesses include
bank branches, bank headquarters, securities and brokerage firms. The total gross floor area should
include all supporting functions such as vaults, kitchens used by staff, lobbies, atria, conference rooms
and auditoria, fitness areas for staff, storage areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
Courthouse
Courthouse applies to facility space used for federal, state, or local courts and associated office space.
The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as temporary holding cells,
kitchens used by staff, lobbies, atria, conference rooms and auditoria, fitness areas for staff, storage
areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
Data Center
Data Center applies to spaces specifically designed and equipped to meet the needs of high density
computing equipment such as server racks, used for data storage and processing. Typically these
facilities require dedicated uninterruptible power supplies and cooling systems. Data center functions
may include traditional enterprise services, on-demand enterprise services, high performance computing,
internet facilities, and/or hosting facilities. Often Data Centers are free standing, mission critical
computing centers. When a data center is located within a larger building, it will usually have its own
power and cooling systems. The Data Center space is intended for sophisticated computing and server
functions; it should not be used to represent a server closet or computer training area. The total gross
floor area is measured between the principal exterior surfaces of the enclosing fixed walls and includes all
supporting functions for the data center. This should include the entire data center, which may have
raised floor computing space, server rack aisles, storage silos, control console areas, battery rooms,
mechanical rooms for cooling equipment, administrative office areas, elevator shafts, stairways, break
rooms and restrooms.
Dormitory / Residence Hall
Dormitory/Residence Hall applies to buildings associated with educational institutions or military facilities
which offer multiple accommodations for long-term residents. The total gross floor area should include all
supporting functions such as food service facilities, laundry facilities, meeting spaces, exercise rooms,
health club/spas, lobbies, elevator shafts, storage areas stairways, etc.
Hospital (Acute Care and Children's)
Hospital applies to facility space used as Acute Care and Children's Hospitals between 20,000 to 5 million
square feet in total gross floor area. These facilities provide acute care services intended to treat patients
for short periods of time for any brief but severe medical condition, including emergency medical care,
physician's office services, diagnostic care, ambulatory care, and surgical care. Acute care hospitals
typically discharge patients as soon as the patient is deemed healthy and stable. Note: Long-term care
hospitals (LTCHs) that are certified as acute care hospitals are not eligible because LTCHs provide
patients with acute care for extended inpatient stays, defined by federal statute as an average of 25 days
or more.
For a valid ENERGY STAR score, at least 51% of beds must be licensed and used for acute care
services. And at least 51% of the total gross floor area must be used for acute care services. The total
floor area should include all supporting functions such as: stairways, connecting corridors between
buildings, medical offices, exam rooms, laboratories, lobbies, atria, cafeterias, storage areas, elevator
shafts, and any space affiliated with emergency medical care, or diagnostic care.
Facilities that use 51% or more of the gross floor area for long-term care, skilled nursing, and/or
ambulatory surgical centers are not are not considered Acute Care Hospitals. Assisted living and skilled
33
-------
nursing facilities can obtain an ENERGY STAR score by selecting the "Senior Care" category in Portfolio
Manager. Ambulatory surgical centers, specialty hospitals, and other types of long term care facilities
should benchmark under the "Other" space type category.
No unique space uses should be entered other than Parking, Data Center, or Swimming Pools. All of the
other facility and/or campus characteristics should be aggregated under the "Hospital (Acute care,
Children's)" space use classification within Portfolio Manager.
Additional guidance: Healthcare Classification Document Hฐ](446KB)
Hotel
Hotel applies to buildings that rent overnight accommodations on a room/suite basis, typically including a
bath/shower and other facilities in guest rooms. The total gross floor area should include all interior
space, including guestrooms, halls, lobbies, atria, food preparation and restaurant space, conference and
banquet space, health clubs/spas, indoor pool areas, and laundry facilities, as well as all space used for
supporting functions such as elevator shafts, stairways, mechanical rooms, storage areas, employee
break rooms, back-of-house offices, etc.
House of Worship
House of Worship applies to buildings that are used as places of worship. This includes churches,
temples, mosques, synagogues, meeting houses, or any other buildings that primarily function as a house
of worship. The rating applies to buildings that function as the primary place of worship and not to other
buildings that may be associated with a religious organization, such as living quarters, schools, or
buildings used primarily for other community activities. The rating applies to worship facilities that have
4,000 seats or fewer.
K-12 School
K-12 School applies to facility space used as a school building for Kindergarten through 12th grade
students. This does not include college or university classroom facilities and laboratories, or vocational,
technical, or trade schools. The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as
administrative space, conference rooms, kitchens used by staff, lobbies, cafeterias, gymnasiums,
auditoria, laboratory classrooms, portable classrooms, greenhouses, stairways, atria, elevator shafts,
small landscaping sheds, storage areas, etc. The K-12 school model does not apply to preschool or day
care buildings; in order to classify as K-12 school, more than 75% of the students must be in kindergarten
or older.
Medical Office
Medical Office applies to facility space used to provide diagnosis and treatment for medical, dental, or
psychiatric outpatient care. The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as
kitchens used by staff, laboratories, lobbies, atria, conference rooms and auditoria, fitness areas for staff,
storage areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
Additional guidance: Healthcare Classification Document 1B(446KB)
Office
Office applies to facility spaces used for general office, professional, and administrative purposes. The
total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as kitchens used by staff, lobbies, atria,
conference rooms and auditoria, fitness areas for staff, storage areas, stairways, elevator shafts, etc.
34
-------
Parking
The Parking space type is intended for any area connected to the building that is used for parking
vehicles. This includes parking lots, fully enclosed parking structures, and unenclosed parking structures
that are open on all sides and may or may not include roof parking. All parking areas should be combined
into one parking space. The purpose of combining all of these areas into one space is to avoid double
counting and simplify the process. By apportioning the square foot of the parking area into these three
categories, Portfolio Manager can properly assign lighting and ventilation allowances.
Retail Store
Retail Store applies to facility space used to conduct the retail sale of consumer product goods. Stores
must be at least 5,000 square feet and have an exterior entrance to the public. The total gross floor area
should include all supporting functions such as kitchens and break rooms used by staff, storage areas,
administrative areas, elevators, stairwells, etc. Retail segments typically included under this definition are:
Department Stores, Discount Stores, Supercenters, Warehouse Clubs, Drug Stores, Dollar Stores, Home
Center/Hardware Stores, and Apparel/Hard Line Specialty Stores (e.g. books, clothing, office products,
toys, home goods, electronics). Retail segments excluded under this definition are: Supermarkets (eligible
to be benchmarked as Supermarket space), Convenience Stores, Automobile Dealerships, and
Restaurants.
Retail properties are eligible to earn the ENERGY STAR at the store level only. Eligible store
configurations include: free standing stores; stores located in open air or strip centers (a collection of
attached stores with common areas that are not enclosed); and mall anchors. Retail configurations not
eligible to earn the ENERGY STAR include: entire enclosed malls (a collection of attached stores with
enclosed common areas); individual stores located within enclosed malls; entire open air or strip centers;
and individual stores that are part of a larger non-mall building (i.e. office or hotel). Retail space that is
part of a mixed-use property should review the mixed-use benchmarking guidance (link to new document
or web site).
Senior Care Facility
Senior Care Facility applies to individual buildings and campuses of buildings that house and provide care
and assistance for elderly residents. The total gross floor area of a Senior Care Facility should include
all activities such as individual rooms or units, wellness centers, exam rooms, community rooms, small
shops or service areas for residents and visitors (e.g. hair salons, convenience stores), staff offices,
lobbies, atria, cafeterias, kitchens, storage areas, hallways, basements, stairways, connecting corridors
between buildings, and elevator shafts.
Nursing homes (skilled nursing facilities) and assisted living facilities are eligible under this definition.
Independent senior living communities are not eligible under this definition. However, it is common for
some Senior Care Facilities to offer a mix of residential options including independent living along with
some form of assisted living. More than 50% of the units in a community must be considered skilled
nursing or assisted living in order to be eligible as a Senior Care Facility. Facilities with more than 50%
independent living units cannot earn a rating under this model and should benchmark using the
Multifamily space type in Portfolio Manager.
Additional guidance Senior Care Classification Document 19
Supermarket
The Supermarket/Grocery Store space type applies to facility space used for the retail sale of food and
beverage products. It should not be used by restaurants, which are not eligible for a rating at this time.
The total gross floor area should include all supporting functions such as kitchens and break rooms used
by staff, storage areas (refrigerated and non-refrigerated), administrative areas, stairwells, atria, lobbies,
etc.
35
-------
Swimming Pool
Swimming Pool applies to heated swimming pools that operate on the premises and on the same energy-
use meter as the primary building. This category applies to any heated swimming pools located inside or
outside of the facility. Swimming pools are categorized by size and whether they are an indoor our
outdoor pool.
Warehouse (Refrigerated or Unrefrigerated)
Warehouse applies to unrefrigerated or refrigerated buildings that are used to store goods, manufactured
products, merchandise or raw materials. The total gross floor area of Refrigerated Warehouses should
include all temperature controlled areas designed to store perishable goods or merchandise under
refrigeration at temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The total gross floor area of Unrefrigerated
Warehouses should include space designed to store non-perishable goods and merchandise.
Unrefrigerated warehouses also include distribution centers. The total gross floor area of refrigerated and
unrefrigerated warehouses should include all supporting functions such as offices, lobbies, stairways, rest
rooms, equipment storage areas, elevator shafts, etc. Existing atriums or areas with high ceilings should
only include the base floor area that they occupy. The total gross floor area of refrigerated or
unrefrigerated warehouse should not include outside loading bays or docks. Self-storage facilities, or
facilities that rent individual storage units, are not eligible for a rating using the warehouse model.
36
-------
Appendix F: Outdoor Air Ventilation Rates for Health Care Facilities
(Healthcare facilities using the AIA 2006 Guideline in place of ASHRAE Standard 62.1)
TaMe 2.1-2
Ventilation Requirements for Areas Affecting Patient Care In Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities,1
Air movement
relationship
to adjacent
Area designation area2
NURSING UN ITS
Patient room
Toilet room
Newborn nursery suite
Protective environment room11
Airborne infection isolation room11
Isolation alcove or anteroom
Patient corridor
OBSTETRICAL FACILITIES
Delwery room"
Labor/ delivery/ recovery
Labor/ delivery/ recovery/ postpa rtu m
In
_
Out
In
In/ Out
-
Out
-
Minimum
air changes
ofoutdoof
airperhour3
2
-
2
2
2
-
-
3
2
2
Minimum
total air
changes per
hour**
6>ฐ
10
6
12
12
10
2
15
610
610
All air
exhausted Reeirculated
directly & by means of
outdoor/ room units'
fes
No
No
Yes12 No
Tfes No
-
No
-
-
Relative
humidity*
-
30-60
_
-
-
30-60
-
Design
temperature*
(degrees F/C)
70-75 (21-24)
-
72- 7S (22-2 6)
75(24)
75(24)
-
-
68-73(20-23)
70-75 (21-24)
70-75 (21-24)
EMERGENCY. SURGERY. AND CRITICAL CARE
Operating,' surgical cystoscopic rooms11-"
Recovery room13
Critical and intensive care
Intermediate, caie
Newborn intenswe care
Treatment room15
Trauma room15
Bronchoscofy11
Triage
ER waiting rooms
Procedure room
Laser eye room
X-ray ( su rgical/ critica 1 ca re an d
cathetenzalion)
Anesthesia gas storage
SUPPORT AREAS
Medication loom
Clean workroom or clean holding
Soiled workroom or soiled holding
D LAG N OSTIC AND TREATMENT AREAS
Examination room
Treatment room
Physical therapy and hydrottierapy
Gastrointestinal en doscopy room
Endoscopic instrument processing room17
Imaging18
X-ray (diagnostic & treatment)
Darkroom
Imaging waiting rooms
Laboratory19
General16
Biochemistry16
Cytology
Glass washing
Out
-
_
-
_
Out
In
In
In
Out
Out
Out
In
Out
Out
In
-
In
-
In
-
In
In
_
In
In
In
3
2
2
2
2
_
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
-
-
-
2
-
-
_
2
_
-
-
15
6
6
610
6
6
15
12
12
12
15
15
15
8
4
4
10
6
6
6
6
10
6
10
12
6
6
6
10
No
No
No
_ _
No
_ _
No
Tfes No
YesE
Yes"-*
No
No
No
*s
- -
\es No
- -
- -
- -
No
\fes No
- -
Ves No
Yes12- *
_ _
fes No
\fes No
tes
30-60
30-60
30-60
30-60
_
30-60
30-60
-
30-60
30-60
30-60
-
-
-
30-60
-
-
_
-
-
68-73(20-23)"
70-75 (21-24)
70-75 (21-24)
70-75 (21-24)
72-78(22-26)
75(24)
70-75 (21-24)
68-73(20-23)
70-75 (21-24)
70-75 (21-24)
70-75 (21-24)
70-75 (21-24)
70-75 (21-24)
-
-
75(24)
75(24)
75(24)
68-73(20-23)
-
75 (24)
70-75 (21-24)
75(24)
75(24)
75(24)
-
37
-------
Table 2.1-2 (continued)
Ventilation Requirements for Areas Affecting Patient Care In Hospitals and Outpatient
Air movement
relationship
to adjacent
Atea designation are/
Histology
Microbiology'1*
Nuclear medicine
Pathology
Serology
Sterilizing
Autopsy room"
Nonrefrige rated body-holding room
SERVICEAREAS
Pharmacy
Food preparation center
Warewashing
Dietary day storage
Laundry, general
Soiled linen (sorting and storage)
Clean linen storage
Soiled linen and trash chute room
Bed pan room
Bathroom
House tee pin groom
STEM LGING AND SUPPLY
ETO-sterilizerroom
Steiilrzerequipment room
Central medical and surgical supply
Soiled or decontamination room
Clean workroom
Sterile storage
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
Out
-
In
In
-
In
Out
In
In
In
In
In
In
In
Out
Out
Minimum Minimum
a if changes total air
of outflow changes per
air per hour3 hour*'*
6
6
6
- 6
- 6
10
12
10
4
10
10
2
10
10
2
10
10
10
10
10
10
6
4
4
AS air
exhausted
directlyto
GUtdOOfS*
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
-
-
Yes
-
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
-
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
_
Redfculated Relatk-e Desert
by means of humidify* temperature1
room units7 (%) (degrees F/C)
No
No
No
No
No
No
-
-
No
No
-
No
-
No
-
-
No
No
-
No
No
75(24)
75(24)
75(24)
75(24)
75(24)
_ _
- -
70(21)
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
_ _
- -
75(24)
- -
30-60 75(24)
- -
68-73(20-23)
30-80 75(24)
(Max) 70
'TUB ventilation rafes in th is tabte ewer ve ntilatton for comfort, as wel I as tor
asepsis and o*r control in araas ot acute cae hospitals that dinar/ affect
patient care and are determined based on Iwaltheae fad (roes being predomi-
nantly "No Smoking* facilities. Whee smoking may be allowed, ventilation
rates will need adjustment. Areaswhae specific ventilation rates t m not given
in the table shall be ventilated in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 62,
ventlatioo tw Acceptable inaoofAifQuslity, and ASHRAE Hanat>ooit-HVAC
Applications. Specialize d patte nt ca IB a e as, inel uding orpn tra nsplant units,
bum unite, specialty procedure rooms, etc., shall hava additional ventilation
provisions for air quality control as may be appropriate. OSH A standards
and/orNiOSH crtteria IB quite special ventilation requirements for employes
health and safety within health care facilities.
7 Design of the ventilation system shall provide air movement which is gsna rally
torn clean to less ctean aeas. If any form ofvariable airvolume or load shsd-
ding system is usซdforanar^ conservation, it must not corn promiss the corri-
dor-to-room pressure balancing IB lationships ortrw minimum air chants
*haust, shall be as required by good engineering practice. Minimum outside
air quantities shall IB main constant white ins system is in op ration. In vari-
able volume systems, the minim urn outside air setting on the air-handling unit
shall be calculated using the ASHRAE 62 method.
"Number of air ctiangss may da reduced when the room is unoccupied if provi-
sions ara made to ensure that the n urn be r of air cha nges indicated is reesta b-
lished arry tima the space is being utilized. Adjustments shall include
provisions so that the direction of air movement shall e main the same when
the number of air cfiangss is reduced. Areas not indicated as having continu-
ous directional control may haw ventilation systems shut down when space is
unoccupied and ventilation is not otherwise needed, if the maujmum infiltra-
tion or axflttration permitted in Note 2 is nototceeded and if adjacent pisssure
balancing ralationships ars not compromised. Air quantity calculations must
account for niter loading such thatlhe indicated air change rates are provided
up until the time offllter ctianp-out. TTiซ minimum total air cnange BquiiB-
me nts for Table 2.1-2 shall be based ontrvs supp^1 air quantity in positive
s. andtra snJisustair quantitp1 in nซptfซ pBssue rooms.
3To satisfy ซxna ust rwsds . raplara ma nt air torn the outside is ne csssa ry. Ta bis
2.1-2 does not attempt to describe specific amounts of outsi* air to be sup-
pliad to indr#idu3l spacesexcept for certain areas such asthosa listed.
Dfetibution of the outeida air. added to the system to balanca required
5 Air change require ments indicated are mini mum values. Higher vai IBS should
ba used when required to maintain indicated room conditions (temperature
and humidity), based on the cooling load of thซ space (lights, equipment,
people . exte rior wa lls a nd windows, etc.).
38
-------
Table 2.1-2 (continued)
Ventilation Requirements for Areas Affecting Patient Care In Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities1
"Airfrom areas with contamination anchor odor problems shall tie exhausted to
the outside and notrecirculatedto other areas. Note that individual circum-
stances may e qu ire specia I considerate for air esha ustto tlป outside, e.g,
in intensive care units in which patents with pulmonary infection are treated,
and rooms Tor burn patients.
*TReeirculatingroom HVAC unite a (BIS to those local units that are used prima-
rily for heating and cooling of air, and not disinfection of air. Because of clean-
ing difficulty and potential for Buildup ot contamination, recirculating room
units shall not be used in areas marked 'Ho." However, tor airborne infection
control, air mat be recirculated within individual isolation rooms ffHEFS filters
aw used, teolation and intsnste care unit rooms may be ventilated by reheat
induction units in which onry the primary airsupplfedfrom a central system
passes through tha reheat unit. Gravity-type heating or cooling units such as
radiators or correctors shall not be used in operating rooms and other spe-
cial care areas. See footnote A? (at the bottom of the page)Tor a description
of racirctilation units to be used in isolation rooms.
aTfป ranjps listed ara the minimum and maximum linr its whe IB control is
specifically rwdad. Tha rnairnum and minimum limitsara not intendsd ID be
inds panda nt of a spaws associated temperature. Tna humidity is expected to
baattw hgharendoftha rang* when the temparatuB is also at the higher
ซnd, and vice versa, see Figus 2.1-1 for agraphfcraprassntation ofthaindi-
cated changes on a psychrometiic chart Shaded area isacoeptabla range.
''whawtemraratuw ranges ae indicatad, the systems shall be capable of main-
taining the rooms at any point within the range during normal operation. A single
%IB indicates a Iwatingot cooling eapactty of at laastthsindfcjtsdtempara-
tura. This is usual!/applicabls whan patients may be undressed and raquira a
warmerenvironment. Nothing in mess guidalirws shall to construe das preclud-
ing the usซ of temps raturas lowrthan those note d wne n tha
patente' comfort and medical ccndrdore mate low r tempera-
tures desirable, unoccupied areas such as storage rooms snail
hava ternparatu IBS appropriate for the function intended. i n.
*:total air changes par room for patient rooms, intermediate care,
labor/ de liwry/ ซcovery rooms, and labor/ del iw ry,' B cow ry/ ' ^'
postpartum rooms may be reduced to 4 when supple mental i i
heating and/or cooling systems (radiant heating and cooling, J>r-
basstoardheating,ate.) ara used. ฃ,r,
.a
'"Differential pressure shall baa minimum of o.orwatar j111 ~
gauge (2.5 Pa), rr alarms are installed, allowances shall be ง '' ~
made to prevent nuisance alarms of monitoring devices. g r i .-,
" ff itis not practical tosffiausttheairffomts airborne infection |rl '
isolation room to the outside, the air may be returned through |' ' -
HEPA filters to the air-handling sysfemexclusively srvingthe | < -i
isolation room. l r ,
exhaust(scawnging) s-j-stenis and general ventilation of the awas in which
the respect^e gases ara utiized.
14 Some surgaore may require room temperatures that are outside of the indi-
catad ranga. All ope rating room design conditions shall be developed in con-
sultation with surgeons, anesthesiologists, and nursing staff.
t5Thetermtiauma roornasusad tereislha operating room space in the a ma r-
gancy department or other trauma ewption aea that is used Tor emergency
surgery. The first aid room and/or "emergency room" used for initial treatment
of accident victims ma1/ be ventilated as noted forthe "treatment room."
Treatment rooms used for bronchoseopy shall be treated as bronchoscopy
rooms. Treatment rooms used forcryosurgary procedures wrth nitrous oside
shall contain prwfeionsforexhaustingwaste gases.
ls In a ventilation system that racirculatas air, HEW filters ran be used in lieu of
ซxh a ustingthe ai r froni these spews to the outside. In this application. tha
retu m air shal I be passe d through the HEFA filters before It is introduced into
arfj'otharspaoes.
lTTne endoscopic instrument proce ssing room is a room adjacent to the gas-
trointestinal endoscofy room that is used for cleaning endoscopic equipment
and instruments.
u whe n re qui B d. appropriate hoods a nd exhaust devices for tha re moval of
noxious gases or chemical vapors shall be provided (see Section 2.1-
10.2.4.5. (2)andNFFA99).
ฐTrB ait mow rre nt ralatonshipsfor laboratories apply betซen laboratory arปd
adjacent non-laboralory spaces. tefeBno3DHHSpublicat>i)n"Biosafe^ in
Microbiological and Biorrwdfcal Uboratorfes'(CDC and NlH)on tha COC Website.
Nattonal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NlOSHi
Criteria Documents regarding Occupational Ex,poairato Wasta
Anesthetic Gases and Vapors, and Control of occupational
Exposure to Nitrous Oxide indicate a need for both loca I
pry fc*& ฅ
39
-------
Appendix G: How to Apply for the ENERGY STAR Label
How to Apply for the ENERGY STAR Label
Follow the six steps below to qualify a building as ENERGY STAR:
1. Determine if the building meets the eligibility requirements.
2. Login to Portfolio Manager and enter the required energy and building information.
3. Determine if the building achieves a rating of 75 or above.
4. Verify that all information provided on the following documents is true and accurate to the best of their
ability. Both documents must be signed and dated at the time of the site visit. The Statement of
Energy Performance must also be stamped by the licensed professional.
A. Statement of Energy Performance:
Determine if the building meets industry standards for comfort and indoor air quality. A
licensed professional must verify that each of the indoor environment criteria
requirements have been met and all information provided on the Statement of Energy
Performance is true and accurate.
B. Data Checklist:
Also during the site visit, the licensed professional must verify all information listed on the
Data Checklist. The Data Checklist is meant to summarize all building information for
both the owner/operator of the building and the licensed professional. The document is
especially meant to assist the licensed professional during the site visit of the label
application process by providing all the information about the building in question
including physical, operational, and energy information.
5. Read and understand the ENERGY STAR Identity Guidelines.
6. Mail the signed Letter of Agreement, the signed and stamped Statement of Energy Performance
(SEP), and the signed Data Checklist to EPA (postmarked within 120 days of the Period Ending
Date). Please note: an official Letter of Agreement will be provided for download in Portfolio Manager.
Do not mail to EPA a Letter of Agreement that displays a watermark that reads SAMPLE. Please do
not use company letterhead to print the Letter of Agreement.
NOTE: The ENERGY STAR is awarded for a specific year. A building that has earned the
ENERGY STAR becomes eligible to reapply one year after the last energy data included in the
SEP submitted as part of the previous year's application.
ENERGY STAR Label Application for Buildings should be mailed to:
ENERGY STAR Label for Buildings
c/o THE CADMUS GROUP, INC.
1555 Wilson Blvd., Suite 300
Arlington, VA 22209
40
-------
Sample Building Plaque
Dimensions: width 10 inches, height 12 inches, Cyan
US EPA ENERGY STAR
Licensed Professional's Guide
41
2011
------- |