Ecological Soil Screening Levels
for
Zinc
Interim Final
OSWER Directive 9285.7-73
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20460
June 2007
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 SUMMARY OF ECO-SSLs FOR ZINC 2
3.0 ECO-SSL FOR TERRESTRIAL PLANTS 4
4.0 ECO-SSL FOR SOIL INVERTEBRATES 4
5.0 ECO-SSL FOR AVIAN WILDLIFE 9
5.1 Avian TRV 9
5.2 Estimation of Dose and Calculation of the Eco-SSL 14
6.0 ECO-SSL FOR MAMMALIAN WILDLIFE 14
6.1 Mammalian TRV 14
6.2 Estimation of Dose and Calculation of the Eco-SSL \9_
7.0 REFERENCES 2J_
7.1 General Zinc References 2J_
7.2 References for Plants and Soil Invertebrates 22
7.3 References Rejected for Use in Deriving Plant and Soil Invertebrate Eco-SSLs
24
7.4 References Used in Deriving Wildlife TRVs 73_
7.5 References Rejected for Use in Derivation of Wildlife TRV 82
-------
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Zinc Eco-SSLs (mg/kg dry weight in soil) 4
Table 3.1 Plant Toxicity Data - Zinc 6
Table 4.1 Invertebrate Toxicity Data - Zinc £
Table 5.1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV) -
Zinc 11
Table 5.2 Calculation of the Avian Eco-SSLs for Zinc 1_5
Table 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value
(TRV) - Zinc 16
Table 6.2 Calculation of the Mammalian Eco-SSLs for Zinc 20
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.2 Typical Background Concentrations of Zinc in U.S. Soils 3_
Figure 5.1 Avian TRV Derivation for Zinc 14
Figure 6.1 Mammalian TRV Derivation for Zinc 2J_
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 5-1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted and Reviewed for Wildlife Toxicity
Reference Value (TRV) - Zinc
Appendix 6-1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted and Reviewed for Wildlife Toxicity
Reference Value (TRV) - Zinc
-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Ecological Soil Screening Levels (Eco-SSLs) are concentrations of contaminants in soil that are
protective of ecological receptors that commonly come into contact with and/or consume biota
that live in or on soil. Eco-SSLs are derived separately for four groups of ecological receptors:
plants, soil invertebrates, birds, and mammals. As such, these values are presumed to provide
adequate protection of terrestrial ecosystems. Eco-SSLs are derived to be protective of the
conservative end of the exposure and effects species distribution, and are intended to be applied at
the screening stage of an ecological risk assessment. These screening levels should be used to
identify the contaminants of potential concern (COPCs) that require further evaluation in the
site-specific baseline ecological risk assessment that is completed according to specific guidance
(U.S. EPA, 1997, 1998, and 1999). The Eco-SSLs are not designed to be used as cleanup levels
and the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emphasizes that it would be
inappropriate to adopt or modify the intended use of these Eco-SSLs as national cleanup
standards.
The detailed procedures used to derive Eco-SSL values are described in separate documentation
(U.S. EPA, 2003, 2005). The derivation procedures represent the collaborative effort of a
multi-stakeholder group consisting of federal, state, consulting, industry, and academic
participants led by what is now the U.S. EPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
(OSWER).
This document provides the Eco-SSL values for zinc and the documentation for their derivation.
This document provides guidance and is designed to communicate national policy on identifying
zinc concentrations in soil that may present an unacceptable ecological risk to terrestrial
receptors. The document does not, however, substitute for EPA's statutes or regulations, nor is it
a regulation itself. Thus, it does not impose legally-binding requirements on EPA, states, or the
regulated community, and may not apply to a particular situation based upon the circumstances of
the site. EPA may change this guidance in the future, as appropriate. EPA and state personnel
may use and accept other technically sound approaches, either on their own initiative, or at the
suggestion of potentially responsible parties, or other interested parties. Therefore, interested
parties are free to raise questions and objections about the substance of this document and the
appropriateness of the application of this document to a particular situation. EPA welcomes
public comments on this document at any time and may consider such comments in future
revisions of this document.
Eco-SSL for Zinc 1 June 2007
-------
2.0 SUMMARY OF ECO-SSLs FOR ZINC
Zinc is found in almost all minerals and is ranked as the twenty-third most abundant element in
the earth's crust. The principal ores of zinc are sphalerite, smithsonite, calamine, and franklinite
(O'Neill, 2001; Lide, 2005). Elemental zinc is not found in the environment but instead occurs in
compounds in the 2+ oxidation state, often as zinc sulfide or zinc oxide (HSDB).
Zinc is released to the environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources, the latter being
the most important. Zinc has many commercial uses as coatings to prevent corrosion for
electrical apparatus such as dry cell batteries, and mixed with other metals to make alloys like
brass, and bronze (O'Neill, 2001). Zinc compounds such as zinc chloride, zinc oxide and zinc
sulfate are used in herbicides, fungicides and bacteriostats. Zinc may also be released to the
environment from its use in rubbers, paints, and cosmetics (ATSDR, 2005; Goodwin, 1998; ANL,
2005) and as the result of metal smelting, mining, electroplating, coal and oil combustion, and
waste incineration (ATSDR, 2005; Ursinyova, 1999). Urban runoff from building siding and
roofs, automobile brakes, tires, and oil leakage is another important source of zinc in the
environment (Davis, 2001)(HSDB).
•d
M
i
Total zinc content in soils is dependent on
the composition of the parent rock material
(Kiekens, 1990; HSDB). The total amount
of zinc in soils is distributed as one of three
forms: 1) free ions (Zn2+) and organo-zinc
complexes in soil solution; 2) adsorbed and
exchangeable zinc in the colloidal fraction
of the soil and 3) secondary minerals and
insoluble complexes in the solid phase of
the soil. The distribution of zinc among the
forms is dependant on the concentration of
Zn2+ and other ions in the solution, the
kind and amount of adsorption sites
associated with the solid phase of the soil, Figure 2.2
the concentration of all ligands capable of
forming organo-zinc complexes, and pH
and redox potential of soil (Alloway, 1990).
Background concentrations reported for many metals in U.S. soils are described
in Attachment 1-4 of the Eco SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003). Typical
background concentrations of zinc in U.S. soils are plotted in Figure 2.1 for
both eastern and western U.S. soils.
East
West
Typical Background
Concentrations of
Zinc in U.S. Soils
X -^ Maximum
- 95th
- 75th
- 50th
- 25th
- 5th Percentile
T
Zinc is expected to demonstrate low mobility in most soils, and is strongly adsorbed to soils at pH
5 or greater (Evans, 1989; Blume, 1991; Christensen, 1996). Only those fractions of zinc in soil
which are soluble or may be solubilized are bioavailable. Compared to total zinc content of soils,
concentrations of zinc in soil solution are low. The solubility of zinc increases at decreasing pH
(Alloway, 1990). The bioavailability of zinc in soils is also influenced by total zinc content, pH,
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
organic matter, microbial activity, moisture, and interactions with other macro and
micronutrients (Kiekens, 1990; HSDB).
Zinc is an essential trace element for higher plants and animals. In higher plants zinc is absorbed
as the divalent cation (Zn 2+) which is a metal component of enzymes or a functional, structural
or regulatory cofactor of a large number of enzymes. Zinc is involved in carbohydrate and
protein metablolism and is required for the synthesis of indoleacetic acid. In plants, zinc
deficiency is commonly indicated by stunted growth, interveinal chlorosis, and leaf
symptomatology such as small leaves, malformations, and dieback while zinc excess commonly
produces iron chlorosis (Chapman, 1966, Kiekens, 1990).
In animals, zinc is an essential nutrient for regulating a number of metalloenzymes (ATSDR,
2005). Absorption of zinc occurs from all segments of the intestine, although the largest
proportion of zinc absorption occurs from the duodenum (ATSDR, 2005). Following absorption
by the intestine, zinc is rapidly distributed to the liver, kidneys, prostate, muscles, bones, and
pancreas. Zinc salts adversely affect tissues, interfere with the metabolism of other ions such as
copper, calcium, and iron, and inhibit erythrocyte production and function (ATSDR, 2005; WHO,
2001;ECB, 2004; HSDB).
Zinc deficiency has been associated with dermatitis, anorexia, growth retardation, poor wound
healing, hypogonadism with impaired reproductive capacity, and impaired immune function
(ATSDR, 2005). Nutritional requirements of zinc for common mammalian and avian test
organisms are compiled in Attachment 4-3 of the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003, 2005).
Zinc excess in avian species is associated with decreased body weight, gizzard and pancreatic
lesions, and biochemical changes (WHO, 2001). Mammalian studies have shown vomiting,
depressed growth rate, purgation, and ataxia (Clarke, 1981; Friberg, 1986; HSDB).
The Eco-SSL values derived to date for Zinc are summarized in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1 Zinc Eco-SSLs (mg/kg dry weight in soil)
Plants
160
Soil Invertebrates
120
Wildlife
Avian
46
Mammalian
79
Eco-SSL values were derived for all receptor groups. The Eco-SSL values for zinc range from 46
mg/kg dry weight (dw) for avian wildlife to 160 mg/kg dw for terrestrial plants. The Eco-SSL for
avian wildlife is less than the 25th percentile of reported background soil concentrations of zinc in
western U.S. soils and less than the 75th percentile for eastern U.S. soils (Figure 2.1). The Eco-
SSL for mammalian wildlife is less than the 96th percentile for both eastern and western U.S. soils
(Figure 2.1). The Eco-SSLs for plants and soil invertebrates are higher than the 95th percentile for
both eastern and western U.S. soils. The avian and mammalian Eco-SSL values are based on
exposures of receptors consuming zinc in soil invertebrates.
Eco-SSL for Zinc
June 2007
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3.0 ECO-SSL FOR TERRESTRIAL PLANTS
Of the papers identified from the literature search process, 680 papers were selected for
acquisition for further review. Of those papers acquired, 78 met all 11 Study Acceptance Criteria
(U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 3-1). Each of these papers were reviewed and the studies were
scored according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 3-2). Thirty-nine study
results received an Evaluation Score greater than ten (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 3-1). These
studies are listed in Table 3.1.
The studies in Table 3.1 are sorted by bioavailability score. There are five studies with a
bioavailability score of 2 that are eligible for Eco-SSL derivation. These results were used to
derive the plant Eco-SSL for zinc (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 3-2). The Eco-SSL is the
geometric mean of the maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) values for three
species under different test conditions (pH and % organic matter (OM)) and is equal to 160 mg/kg
dw.
4.0 ECO-SSL FOR SOIL INVERTEBRATES
Of the papers identified from the literature search process, 162 papers were selected for
acquisition for further review. Of those papers acquired, 26 met all 11 Study Acceptance Criteria
(U.S. EPA 2003; Attachment 3-1). Each of these papers were reviewed and the studies were
scored according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 3-2). Forty studies
received an Evaluation Score greater than ten. These studies are listed in Table 4.1.
The studies in Table 4.1 are sorted by bioavailability score. There are six studies with a
bioavailability score of 2 that are eligible for Eco-SSL derivation. These results were used to
derive the soil invertebrate Eco-SSL for zinc (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 3-2). The Eco-SSL is
the geometric mean of the EC10 and MATC values for at least three test species under different
test conditions (pH and OM%) and is equal to 120 mg/kg dw.
Eco-SSL for Zinc 4 June 2007
-------
Table 3.1 Plant Toxicity Data - Zinc
Reference
White etal.,1979b
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal., 1988
Roszyketal., 1988
Sheppardetal, 1993
IP
Number
57096
13624
13624
13624
4146
Study
ID
d
P
b
u
b
Test Organism
soybean
oats
oats
oats
lettuce
Glycine max
Avena sp.
Avena sp.
Avena sp.
Lactuca saliva
Soil
PH
6.5
4.3
5.3
5.7
6.3
OM%
1.2
0.8
2.6
1.3
<1
Bio-
availabilit
y Score
2
2
2
2
2
ERE
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
Tox
Parameter
MATC
MATC
MATC
MATC
MATC
Geometric Mean
Tox Value
(Soil Cone at
mg/kg dw)
185
143
155
159
173
160
Total
Evaluation
Score
13
18
18
18
12
Eligible for
Eco-SSL
Derivation?
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Used for
Eco-
SSL?
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Data Not Used to Derive Plant Eco-SSL
DeHaanetal., 1985
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Singh and Jeng, 1993
Monette, 1978
Monette, 1978
White etal, 1979b
Rehab and Wallace, 1978
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Rehab and Wallace, 1978
Dang etal, 1990
Dang etal, 1990
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Kadar and Morvai, 1998
Kadar and Morvai, 1998
Roszyketal, 1988
Singh etal, 1991
5048
13624
13624
13624
12400
45950
45950
57096
46710
13624
13624
13624
13624
46710
12906
12906
13624
13624
13624
13624
12988
12988
13624
12701
e
1
a
n
a
b
a
b
zc
d
z
g
a
E
H
zb
ze
zi
zh
a
b
kl
oats
mustard
oats
mustard
Ryegrass
spinach
barley
soybean
cotton
oats
oats
oats
mustard
cotton
onion
Fenugreek
Seradela
Seradela
oats
oats
Carrot
garden pea
mustard
wheat
Avena saliva
Brassica sp.
Avena sp.
Brassica sp.
Lolium
Spinacia oleracea
Hordeum vulgare
Glycine max
Gossypium barbadense
Avena sp.
Avena sp.
Avena sp.
Brassica sp.
Gossypium hirsutum
Allium Cepa
Trigonellafoenum
Omilhopus compressus
Omilhopus compressus
Avena sp.
Avena sp.
Daucus carola
Pisum salivum
Brassica sp.
Trilicum aeslivum
5.4
5.3
4.2
4.2
6.0
6.9
6.9
5.5
6.6
5.7
5.6
5.9
5.6
6.6
8.3
8.3
5.6
5.7
5.6
7.1
7.0
7.0
5.9
8.2
7
2.6
0.7
0.7
0.1
1.9
1.9
1.2
2.4
5.7
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
0.5
0.5
5.2
5.7
5.2
3.7
1.032
1.032
2.3
0.086
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
MATC
LOAEC
LOAEC
LOAEC
NOAEC
NOAEC
NOAEC
LOAEC
MATC
MATC
MATC
MATC
MATC
MATC
MATC
MATC
LOAEC
LOAEC
NOAEC
NOAEC
MATC
MATC
NOAEC
MATC
283
105
95
95
50
20
20
131
283
319
361
169
177
283
141
283
102
95
440
475
57
34
420
113
11
18
17
17
14
12
12
12
14
18
17
17
17
14
11
11
17
17
16
16
17
17
15
13
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Eco-SSL for Zinc
June 2007
-------
Table 3.1 Plant Toxicity Data - Zinc
Reference
Kucharski and Niklewska, 1992
Biroetal., 1998
Biroetal., 1998
Mehta and Singh, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Roszyketal, 1988
Sheppardetal., 1993
Roszyketal., 1988
Vorosetal., 1998
Vorosetal., 1998
IP
Number
13292
12986
12986
13724
13624
13624
4146
13624
12985
12985
Study
ID
b
a
zm
t
c
zf
a
b
Test Organism
common bean
red clover
alfalfa
mustard
mustard
oats
mustard
oats
red clover
red clover
Phaseolus vulgaris
Trifoliinn pratense L.
Medicago saliva
Brassica sp.
Brassica sp.
Avena sp.
Brassica rapa
Avena sp.
Trifolium pratense L.
Trifolium pratense L.
Soil
PH
7.1
7.0
7.0
8.5
7.1
7.0
7.9
7.1
7.5
7.5
OM%
0.32
3.00
3.00
0.55
3.7
3.3
2.70
3.7
6.50
6.50
Bio-
availabilit
y Score
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
ERE
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
Tox
Parameter
MATC
MATC
NOAEC
NOAEC
MATC
MATC
MATC
NOAEC
NOAEC
NOAEC
Tox Value
(Soil Cone at
mg/kg dw)
330
90
270
30
157
162
424
475
275
275
Total
Evaluation
Score
13
11
11
11
16
16
12
16
12
12
Eligible for
Eco-SSL
Derivation?
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Used for
Eco-
SSL?
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
EC10 = Effect concentration for 10% of test population
EC25 = Effect concentration for 25% of test population
EC50 = Effect concentration for 50% of test population
ERE = Ecologically relevant endpoint
GRO = Growth
LOAEC = Lowest observed adverse effect concentration
MATC = Maximum acceptable toxicant concentration. Geometric mean of NOAEC and LOAEC.
N=No
NOAEC = No observed adverse effect concentration
ns = Not specified
OM = Organic matter content
PHY = Physiology
REP = Reproduction
Y = yes
cnbd = Could Not Be Determined
Bioavailability Score described inGuidance for Developing Eco-SSLs (U.S. EPA, 2003)
Total Evaluation Score described inGuidance for Developing Eco-SSLs (U.S. EPA, 2003)
Eco-SSL for Zinc
June 2007
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Table 4.1 Invertebrate Toxicity Data - Zinc
Reference
Smitetal., 1998
Korthals et al., 1998
Korthals et al., 1996
Smit and Van Gestel, 1997
Smit and Van Gestel, 1998
Smit and Van Gestel, 1998
IP
Number
11279
13828
4402
4434
6159
6159
Study
ID
b
d
Test Organism
Springtail
Nematode
Nematode
Springtail
Springtail
Springtail
Folsomia Candida
multiple
multiple
Folsomia Candida
Folsomia Candida
Folsomia Candida
Soil
PH
4.8
4.1
4.1
4.5
4.7
4.7
OM%
2.4
4.0
3.2
1.9
2.4
2.4
Bio-
availability
Score
2
2
2
2
2
2
ERE
REP
POP
POP
REP
REP
REP
Tox
Parameter
ECio
MATC
MATC
EC10
ECio
EC10
Geometric Mean
Tox Value
(Soil Cone at
mg/kg dw)
99
35
141
116
136
355
120
Total
Evaluation
Score
15
13
13
17
17
17
Eligible for
Eco-SSL
Derivation?
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Used for
Eco-
SSL?
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Data not Used to Derive Soil Invertebrate Eco-SSL
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1 996
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1 996
Peredney and Williams, 2000b
Peredney and Williams, 2000b
Donkin and Dusenbery, 1994
Van Gestel and Hensbergen, 1997
Sandifer and Hopkin, 1996
Sandifer and Hopkin, 1996
Sandifer and Hopkin, 1996
Spurgeon etal., 1997
Smit and Van Gestel, 1998
Smit and Van Gestel, 1998
Van Gestel et al., 1993
Sandifer and Hopkin, 1997
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1 996a
Posthumaetal., 1997
Posthumaetal., 1997
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1 996
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1 996
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1996
Spurgeon etal., 1994
Spurgeon etal., 1997
Smit and Van Gestel, 1996
4067
4067
56449
56449
7877
10987
4056
4056
4056
4442
6159
6159
6828
758
7870
2380
2380
4067
4067
4067
4364
4442
7869
a
b
y
aa
b
a
b
c
a
a
c
a
b
c
d
e
c
a
Earthworm
Earthworm
Nematode
Nematode
Nematode
Springtail
Springtail
Springtail
Springtail
Earthworm
Springtail
Springtail
Earthworm
Springtail
Earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm
Springtail
Eiseniafetida
Eiseniafetida
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans
Folsomia Candida
Folsomia Candida
Folsomia Candida
Folsomia Candida
Eiseniafetida
Folsomia Candida
Folsomia Candida
Eisenia andrei
Folsomia Candida
Eiseniafetida
Enchytraeus crypticus
Enchytraeus crypticus
Eiseniafetida
Eiseniafetida
Eiseniafetida
Eiseniafetida
Eiseniafetida
Folsomia Candida
4.0
5.0
4
4
5.1
6.0
6.0
5.0
4.5
6.0
6.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.4
6.4
6.0
4.0
5.0
6.3
6.0
6.0
5.0
5.0
1.14
4.2
3.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
2.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
5.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
3.3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
REP
REP
MOR
MOR
MOR
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
NOAEC
NOAEC
LC5()
LC50
LC50
EC10
MATC
MATC
MATC
LOAEC
EC10
ECio
MATC
MATC
MATC
EC50
EC50
NOAEC
NOAEC
NOAEC
EC50
EC50
EC50
115
85
54.2
186
255
399
863
548
548
190
269
1059
423
548
466
188
336
97
161
183
276
234
348
16
16
13
13
15
13
14
14
14
13
17
17
12
15
12
13
13
16
16
16
11
13
15
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Eco-SSL for Zinc
June 2007
-------
Table 4.1 Invertebrate Toxicity Data - Zinc
Reference
Smit and Van Gestel, 1996
Neuhauser et al., 1985a
Conder and Lanno, 2000
Peredney and Williams, 2000a
Peredney and Williams, 2000b
Donkin and Dusenbery, 1994
Donkin and Dusenbery, 1994
Donkin and Dusenbery, 1994
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1995
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1996a
Spurgeon and Hopkin, 1996
IP
Number
7869
17707
46691
53082
56449
7877
7877
7877
6822
7870
4067
Study
ID
b
ac
a
c
d
f
Test Organism
Springtail
Earthworm
Earthworm
Nematode
Nematode
Nematode
Nematode
Nematode
Earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm
Folsomia Candida
Eiseniafetida
Eisenia andrei
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans
Caenorhabditis elegans
Eiseniafetida
Eiseniafetida
Eiseniafetida
Soil
PH
6.0
6.0
6.5
4
4
6.2
6.1
6.2
6.1
6.0
6.0
OM%
3.0
10.0
10.0
10
10
1.7
3.4
2.2
10.0
10.0
10.0
Bio-
availability
Score
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
ERE
REP
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
GRO
REP
REP
Tox
Parameter
EC50
LC50
ILL
LC5()
LC50
LC50
LC50
LC5()
NOAEC
MATC
NOAEC
Tox Value
(Soil Cone at
mg/kg dw)
185
232
631
670
661
183
392
549
237
466
553
Total
Evaluation
Score
15
14
16
12
12
15
15
15
11
12
16
Eligible for
Eco-SSL
Derivation?
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
Used for
Eco-
SSL?
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
EC10 = Effect concentration for 10% of test population
EC50 = Effect concentration for 50% of test population
ERE = Ecologically relevant endpoint
GRO = Growth
ILL = Incipient lethal level
LC50 = Concentration lethal to 50% of test populatior
LOAEC = Lowest observed adverse effect concentration
MATC = Maximum acceptable toxicant concentration
MOR = Mortality
N=No
NOAEC = No observed adverse effect concentration
OM = Organic matter content
POP = Population
REP = Reproduction
Y = Yes
Unavailability Score described mGuidance for Developing Eco-SSLs (U.S.EPA, 2003)
Total Evaluation Score described mGuidance for Developing Eco-SSLs (U.S. EPA, 2003)
Eco-SSL for Zinc
June 2007
-------
5.0 ECO-SSL FOR AVIAN WILDLIFE
The derivation of the Eco-SSL for avian wildlife was completed as two parts. First, the toxicity
reference value (TRV) was derived according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003;
Attachment 4-5). Second, the Eco-SSL (soil concentration) was back-calculated for each of three
surrogate species representing different trophic levels based on the wildlife exposure model and
the TRV (U.S. EPA, 2003).
5.1 Avian TRV
The literature search completed according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment
4-1) identified 10,410 papers with possible toxicity data for either avian or mammalian species.
Of these studies, 10,259 were rejected for use as described in Section 7.5. Of the remaining
studies, 53 contained data for avian test species. These papers were reviewed and the data were
extracted and scored according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 4-3 and 4-
4). The results of the data extraction and review are provided as Table 5.1. The complete results
are included as Appendix 5-1.
Within the reviewed papers, there are 168 results for biochemical (BIO), behavior (BEH),
physiology (PHY), pathology (PTH), reproduction (REP), growth (GRO), and survival (MOR)
effects that meet the Data Evaluation Score of >65 for use to derive the TRV (U.S. EPA, 2003;
Attachment 4-4). These data are plotted in Figure 5.1 and correspond directly with the data
presented in Table 5.1. The no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) results for growth and
reproduction are used to calculate a geometric mean. This result is examined in relationship to
the lowest bounded lowest-observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) for reproduction, growth, and
survival to derive the TRV according to procedures in the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003;
Attachment 4-5).
A geometric mean of the NOAEL values for reproduction and growth was calculated at 66.1 mg
zinc/kg bw/day. This value is lower than the lowest bounded LOAEL for reproduction, growth,
or survival. Therefore, the TRV is equal to the geometric mean of NOAEL values within the
reproduction and growth effect groups and is equal to 66.1 mg zinc/kg bw/day.
Eco-SSL for Zinc 9 June 2007
-------
Table 5.1
Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 1 of 3
Result #
Reference
Ref
No.
Test Organism
# of Cone/ Doses
Method of Analyses
Route of Exposure
Exposure Duration
Duration Units
a
<<
Age Units
Lifestage
•*
o>
t/5
Effect Type
Effect Measure
Response Site
NOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
LOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
"s
o
H
Biochemical (BIO)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Hamilton et al, 1979
Hamilton et al, 1981
Jackson et al, 1986
Gasaway and Buss, 1972
Berg and Martinson, 1 972
Southern and Baker, 1983
Hamilton et al, 1979
Lefevreetal, 1982
Luetal, 1990
Jackson et al, 1986
Pimentel et al, 1992
Sandoval et al, 1998
Ohetal, 1979
Bafundoetal, 1984
Deanetal, 1991
6655
6403
6133
9261
93
6368
6655
392
8008
6133
5617
7245
6627
2517
5681
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
•y
3
6
4
7
3
6
2
0
5
0
2
0
2
o
U
U
U
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
M
U
U
U
M
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
14
7
140
45
2
14
14
5
4
3
3
1
4
14
1
d
d
d
d
w
d
d
w
d
w
w
w
w
d
w
0
1
40
7
1
8
0
1
14
40
1
1
1
8
1
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
d
d
d
d
d
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
B
B
F
B
NR
M
B
NR
B
F
B
F
NR
F
M
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
HMGL
HMGL
LIPD
HMCT
ASHC
HMGL
HMCT
HMCT
GENZ
LIPD
HMGL
MCPR
GBCM
HMGL
GBCM
BL
BL
LI
BL
BO
BL
BL
BL
PS
LI
WO
LI
LI
WO
SR
21.5
54.3
55
76.5
114
177
109
105
153
172
354
22.3
63.2
65.7
88
132
138
252
284
757
73
76
72
76
71
76
73
71
66
66
70
69
66
69
71
Behavior (BEH)
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Baker and Halpm, 1988
Sandoval et al, 1997
Jackson et al, 1986
Gibson etal, 1986
Gibson et al, 1986
Dewaretal, 1983
Stevenson et al, 1987
Henry etal, 1987
Stevenson et al, 1987
Dewaretal, 1983
Ohetal, 1979
Bartov, 1996
Lu and Combs, 1988
Stahletal, 1989
Lu and Combs, 1988
Lefevreetal, 1982
Jackson etal, 1986
Gasaway and Buss, 1972
Pimentel et al, 1992
Stepmska et al, 1987
Jackson etal, 1986
Wight etal, 1986
Bartov etal, 1994
Bartov, 1996
5917
5247
6133
6048
6048
37018
8184
6039
8184
37018
6627
5373
5903
5820
5866
392
6133
9261
5617
5770
6133
1624
7956
5373
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
•y
4
6
6
6
4
9
4
9
3
6
4
0
2
-)
2
5
4
9
2
5
2
3
4
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
u
u
u
u
u
M
U
U
U
u
u
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
14
20
140
10
10
4
140
1
140
4
4
2
15
20
12
5
1
10
3
5
1
5
1
2
d
d
d
w
w
w
d
w
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
d
w
d
w
d
w
w
8
1
40
30
30
1
28
1
28
18
1
1
1
1
20
1
40
7
1
71
40
NR
1
1
d
d
w
w
w
d
w
d
w
mo
d
w
d
d
d
d
w
w
d
w
w
NR
w
w
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
AD
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
SM
SM
SM
JV
JV
M
B
F
F
F
B
F
M
F
F
NR
F
NR
B
NR
NR
F
B
B
F
F
F
F
F
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FDNG
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
15.0
45.4
55
57.3
64.1
65.6
78.2
92.3
99.9
159
252
315
68.1
105
66.5
123
131
104
185
133
319
503
629
21.6
31.0
58.5
63.2
88
126
132
205
367
517
686
1370
69
79
75
75
75
75
75
79
75
74
75
75
68
73
68
74
69
73
73
69
69
68
69
69
Physiology (PHY)
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
Gibson etal, 1986
Gibson etal, 1986
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Roberson and Schaible, 1960
Stevenson et al, 1987
Stevenson et al, 1987
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Henry etal, 1987
Southern and Baker, 1983
Ohetal, 1979
Lu and Combs, 1988
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Bafundoetal, 1984
Bartov, 1996
Bartov, 1996
6048
6048
14538
14538
8184
8184
14538
14538
6039
6368
6627
5903
14538
2517
5373
5373
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
6
6
3
3
9
9
4
4
4
3
6
0
3
-)
4
4
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
10
10
4
4
140
140
4
4
1
14
4
8
4
14
2
2
w
w
w
w
d
d
w
w
w
d
w
d
w
d
w
w
30
30
1
1
28
28
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
8
1
1
w
w
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
JV
JV
JV
JV
LB
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
F
F
M
M
F
F
M
M
M
M
NR
NR
M
M
F
F
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
DIFD
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
57.3
64.1
74.3
75.7
83.3
88.6
155
159
164
177
252
66.5
123
111
114
99.9
106
232
239
354
503
21.6
74.7
284
315
1370
75
75
79
79
75
75
79
79
71
79
75
68
73
72
69
69
Pathology (PTH)
57
58
59
60
Jackson etal, 1986
Lefevreetal, 1982
Gibson etal, 1986
Gibson etal, 1986
6133
392
6048
6048
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
6
2
6
6
u
u
u
u
FD
FD
FD
FD
140
5
10
10
d
w
w
w
40
1
30
30
w
d
w
w
SM
JV
JV
JV
F
NR
F
F
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORWT
ORWT
SMIX
SMIX
SP
LU
LI
LI
55
63.2
75.1
120
105
91.6
128
75
67
75
75
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Table 5.1
Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 2 of 3
Result #
61
62
63
30
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
Reference
Stevenson et al, 1987
Stevenson et al, 1987
Stahletal, 1989
Stahletal, 1989
Lu and Combs, 1988
Dewaretal, 1983
Jackson et al, 1986
Gasaway and Buss, 1972
Dewaretal, 1983
Dewaretal, 1983
Deanetal, 1991
Jackson et al, 1986
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Berry and Brake, 1990
Ref
No.
8184
8184
5820
5820
5903
37018
6133
9261
37018
37018
5681
6133
80
80
7089
Test Organism
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
# of Cone/ Doses
9
9
2
9
2
4
5
4
4
3
2
5
2
o
2
Method of Analyses
U
U
U
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
M
U
U
U
u
Route of Exposure
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
Exposure Duration
140
140
20
20
8
4
3
10
4
4
4
3
15
15
49
Duration Units
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
d
w
d
w
w
d
d
d
a
<<
28
28
1
1
1
1
40
7
2
18
1
40
1
1
66
Age Units
w
w
d
d
d
d
w
w
w
mo
d
w
d
d
w
Lifestage
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
AD
JV
SM
JV
JV
LB
•*
o>
t/5
F
F
B
B
NR
B
F
B
B
F
M
F
M
M
F
Effect Type
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
HIS
HIS
ORW
ORW
HIS
HIS
HIS
ORW
HIS
HIS
ORW
Effect Measure
SMIX
SMIX
SMIX
SMIX
GHIS
USTR
ORWT
SMIX
USTR
USTR
GHIS
ORWT
NCRO
NCRO
SMIX
Response Site
GZ
GZ
LI
LI
PS
GZ
LI
AR
GZ
GZ
TY
SP
PS
PS
DT
NOAEL Dose'
(nig/kg bw/day)
125
129
LOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
167
194
31.0
35.4
41.7
65.6
88
126
143
159
199
367
401
803
988
"s
o
H
75
75
73
73
68
69
69
73
68
69
74
69
72
72
67
Reproduction (REP)
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
Kayaetal, 2001
Schisler and Kienholz, 1967
Jensen and Maurice, 1980
Jackson et al, 1986
Gibson etal, 1986
Stevenson et al, 1987
Gibson etal, 1986
Stevenson et al, 1987
Stahl, etal, 1990
Gasaway and Buss, 1972
Jackson etal, 1986
Jensen and Maurice, 1980
Stepmska et al, 1987
Jackson etal, 1986
Berry and Brake, 1985
Berry and Brake, 1990
48543
8798
9749
6133
6048
8184
6048
8184
5764
9261
6133
9749
5770
6133
6144
7089
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
5
9
3
6
6
9
6
9
4
4
5
0
2
5
2
o
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
12
14
6
140
10
140
10
140
12
60
1
6
5
1
4
49
W
w
w
d
w
d
w
d
w
d
w
w
d
w
d
d
NR
48
NR
40
30
28
30
28
56
7
40
NR
71
40
60
66
NR
w
NR
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
NR
w
w
w
w
LB
LB
LB
LB
JV
JV
LB
LB
LB
JV
SM
LB
LB
LB
LB
LB
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
F
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
PROG
PROG
PROG
PROG
PROG
PROG
PROG
PROG
PROG
TEWT
PROG
PROG
PROG
PROG
RHIS
RHIS
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
TE
WO
WO
WO
WO
OD
OD
13.8
14.4
24.7
55
57.3
63.9
64.1
67.8
106
98.8
105
66.5
76.7
123
84.8
31.2
88
101
205
367
988
988
75
70
82
81
81
81
81
81
71
79
75
79
75
75
73
73
Growth (GRO)
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
Schisler and Kienholz, 1967
Baker and Halpm, 1988
Mohanna and Nys, 1999
Hamilton et al, 1979
Hill, 1974
Stahletal, 1989
Hill, 1990
Hamilton et al, 1981
Jackson etal, 1986
Harlandetal, 1975
Berg and Martinson, 1 972
Lefevreetal, 1982
Sandoval et al, 1998
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Roberson and Schaible, 1960
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Hill, 1974
Hamilton et al, 1979
Henry etal, 1987
Gibson etal, 1986
Stevenson et al, 1987
Sandoval et al, 1999
Sandoval et al, 1999
Stahl, etal, 1990
Stevenson et al, 1987
Bafundoetal, 1984
Dewaretal, 1983
Vohra and Kratzer, 1968
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
8798
5917
5090
6655
1369
5820
5734
6403
6133
6887
93
392
7245
14538
14538
14538
14538
92
6655
6039
6048
8184
5067
5067
5764
8184
2517
37018
14404
14538
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
0
2
o
2
0
2
o
3
6
2
7
2
4
3
3
4
3
5
6
4
6
9
9
2
3
9
9
4
7
4
u
M
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
14
14
16
14
3
20
19
14
140
1
2
5
3
4
4
4
4
2
14
1
10
140
7
7
44
140
14
4
21
4
w
d
d
d
w
d
d
d
d
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
d
d
w
d
w
48
8
5
0
1
1
1
1
40
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
1
30
28
14
14
24
28
8
1
NR
1
w
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
w
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
d
d
w
w
d
d
NR
d
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
LB
LB
JV
JV
JV
JV
F
M
NR
B
B
B
F
B
F
B
NR
NR
M
M
M
M
M
B
B
M
F
F
M
M
F
F
F
B
B
M
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
14.4
15.0
16.1
21.5
28.7
35.4
36.6
43.3
55.0
55.1
55.3
63.2
70.6
74.3
74.7
75.0
75.7
85.9
86.8
92.3
96.9
99.1
103
103
129
129
142
143
148
155
86.6
105
111
106
111
112
150
114
172
174
185
145
149
194
286
297
232
68
73
68
80
76
68
76
83
79
77
78
76
84
83
83
79
83
82
86
83
79
79
68
68
69
79
67
79
77
83
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Table 5.1
Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 3 of 3
Result #
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
Reference
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Southern and Baker, 1983
Ohetal, 1979
Jackson et al, 1986
Lu and Combs, 1988
Stahletal, 1989
Lu and Combs, 1988
Luetal, 1990
Jackson et al, 1986
Jensen and Maurice, 1980
Gasaway and Buss, 1972
Pimentel et al, 1992
Dewaretal, 1983
Berg and Martinson, 1 972
Bafundoetal, 1984
Bafundoetal, 1984
Bartov, 1996
Rama and Planas, 1981
Deanetal, 1991
Bartov et al, 1994
Palafox and Ho-A, 1980
Bartov, 1996
Ref
No.
14538
6368
6627
6133
5903
5820
5866
8008
6133
9749
9261
5617
37018
93
6273
2517
5373
6435
5681
7956
6545
5373
Test Organism
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
# of Cone/ Doses
4
3
6
5
2
0
2
9
5
9
4
0
4
0
2
-)
4
0
2
3
2
4
Method of Analyses
U
U
U
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
M
U
U
u
u
u
u
M
U
U
U
Route of Exposure
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
Exposure Duration
4
14
4
1
15
20
6
7
21
6
10
3
4
2
14
14
2
9
1
2
5
2
Duration Units
w
d
w
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
d
w
w
w
d
d
w
w
w
w
d
w
&
<<
1
8
1
40
1
1
20
14
40
NR
7
1
2
1
8
8
1
1
1
1
38
1
Age Units
d
d
d
w
d
d
d
d
w
NR
w
d
w
d
d
d
w
d
d
w
w
w
Lifestage
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
JV
JV
SM
SM
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
•*
0>
t/5
M
M
NR
F
NR
B
NR
B
F
F
B
B
B
NR
M
M
F
NR
M
F
F
F
Effect Type
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
Effect Measure
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
Response Site
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
NOAEL Dose'
(nig/kg bw/day)
158
177
252
367
LOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
237
354
503
480
21.6
31.0
39.0
65.7
88
101
126
132
143
252
190
284
315
433
757
914
988
1370
"s
o
H
83
83
79
79
72
77
73
72
73
77
77
77
72
72
76
76
73
70
78
73
71
73
Survival (MOR)
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
Hamilton et al, 1979
Stahletal, 1989
Stahletal, 1989
Harlandetal, 1975
Lefevreetal, 1982
Gibson etal, 1986
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Hamilton et al, 1981
Blalock and Hill, 1988
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Dewaretal, 1983
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Hill, 1974
Hamilton et al, 1979
Ohetal, 1979
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Robersonand Schaible, 1960
Dewaretal, 1983
Hill, 1974
Dewaretal, 1983
Vohra and Kratzer, 1968
Gasaway and Buss, 1972
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Van Vleet et al, 1981
6655
5820
5820
6887
392
6048
14538
6403
5868
14538
14538
14538
37018
14538
92
6655
6627
14538
14538
37018
1369
37018
14404
9261
80
80
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Japanese quail (Coturnixjaponica )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Chicken (Gallus domesticus )
Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo )
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
Duck (Anas platyrhynchos )
-)
2
0
2
0
6
10
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
6
6
4
4
3
0
4
7
4
9
2
U
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
14
20
20
1
5
10
4
14
12
4
4
4
4
4
5
14
4
4
4
4
3
4
21
30
15
15
d
d
d
w
w
w
w
d
d
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
w
w
w
d
w
w
d
d
d
d
0
1
1
1
1
30
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
18
1
2
NR
7
1
1
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
mo
d
w
NR
w
d
d
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
AD
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
B
B
B
B
NR
F
M
B
F
M
M
M
B
M
B
B
NR
M
M
F
B
B
B
B
M
M
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
SURV
MORT
MORT
SURV
SURV
SURV
MORT
SURV
MORT
MORT
MORT
SURV
SURV
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
21.5
31.0
35.4
55.1
63.2
68.8
75.6
89.5
109
115
120
121
143
159
172
183
252
255
272
319
320
327
741
87.1
219
286
239
366
503
491
126
401
803
81
78
78
78
79
80
73
78
79
78
77
78
80
84
68
87
80
78
78
69
77
79
72
78
77
77
AD = adult; AR = adrenal gland ; ASHC = ash content; AT = alimentary tract; B = both; BDWT = body weight changes; BEH = behavior; BIO = biochemical; BL = blood; BO =
bone; w = body weight; CHM = chemical changes; d = day; DIFD = digestibility of food; DT = digestive tract; ENZ = enyzme evel changes; F = female; FCNS = food
consumption; FD = food; FDB = feeding behavior; FDCV = food conversion efficiency; FDNG = feeding behavior; GBCM = general biochemical ; GENZ = general enzyme
changes; GHIS = general histology; GRO = growth; GZ = gizzard; HIS = histological changes; HMCT = hematocrit; HMGL = hemoglobin; ITX = intoxication; JV = juvenile; kg =
kilograms; LB = egg-laying bird; LI = liver; LIPD = lipid; LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level; LU = ung; mg = milligrams; mo = months; M = male; M = measured;
MCPR = microsomal proteins; MOR = effects on mortality and survival; MORT = mortality; NCRO = necrosis; NOAEL = No Observed Advese Effect Level; NR = Not reported;
OD = oviduct; ORW = organ weight changes; ORWT = organ weight changes; PHY = physio ogy; PROG = progeny counts/numbers; PS = pancreas; PTH = pathology; REP =
reproduction; RHIS = reprodutive organ histology; SM = sexually mature; SMIX = weight relative to body weight; SP = spleen; SR = serum; SURV = survival; TE = testes; TEWT
USTR = ultrastructural changes; w = weeks; WI = wings; WO = whole organism; yr = year.
*NOAEL and LOAEL values that are equal and from the same reference represent different experimental designs.
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Figure 5.1 Avian TRV Derivation for Zinc
5
'$•
Behavior (BEH)
Physiology (PHY)
Pathology (PTH)
Reproduction (REP)
Growth (GRO)
Mortality (MOR)
• BIO-NOAEL OBIO-LOAEL • BEH-NOAEL OBEH-LOAEL oPHY-NOAEL PHY-LOAEL oPTH-NOAEL PTH-LOAEL • REP-NOAEL OREP-LOAEL o GRO-NOAEL GRO-LOAEL oMOR-NOAEL MOR-LOAEL
Wildlife TRV Derivation Process
Lowest-Observed Adverse Effect Dose
Paired values from same study when joined by line
No-Observed Adverse Effect Dose
Data Evaluation Score
1) There are at least three results available for two test species within the growth, reproduction, and mortality effect groups.
There are enough data to derive a TRV.
2) There are at least three NO AEL results available within the growth and reproduction effect groups for calculation of a geometric mean.
3) The geometric mean is equal to 66.1 mg zinc/kg bw/d. This value is lower than the lowest bounded LOAEL for results within the reproduction, growth, and survival (MOR) effect groups.
3) The avian wildlife TRV for zinc is equal to 66.1 mg zinc/kg bw/day which is the geometric mean of NO AEL values for effects on reproduction and growth.
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
13
June 2007
-------
5.2 Estimation of Dose and Calculation of the Eco-SSL
Three separate Eco-SSL values were calculated for avian wildlife, one for each of three surrogate
receptor species representing different trophic levels. The avian Eco-SSLs were calculated
according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003) and are summarized in Table 5.2.
Table 5.2 Calculation of the Avian Eco-SSLs for Zinc
Surrogate Receptor
Group
Avian herbivore
(dove)
Avian ground
insectivore
(woodcock)
Avian carnivore
(hawk)
TRY for
Zinc
(mg dw/kg
bw/d) 1
66.1
66.1
66.1
Food Ingestion
Rate (FIR)2
(kg dw/kg bw/d)
0.190
0.214
0.0353
Soil Ingestion
as Proportion
of Diet (Ps)2
0.139
0.164
0.057
Concentration of Zinc
in Biota Type (i)2'3
(B,)
(mg/kg dw)
ln(Bj) = 0.554 *
ln(SoiL)+ 1.575
where i = plants
ln(Bj) = 0.328*
kXSoilj) + 4.449
where i = earthworms
ln(Bi) = 0.0706 *
^(80^) + 4. 3632
where i = mammals
Eco-SSL
(mg/kg dw)4
950
46
30,000
1 The process for derivation of wildlife TRVs is described in Attachment 4-5 of U.S. EPA (2003).
2 Parameters (FIR, Ps, Bj values, regressions) are provided in U.S. EPA (2003) Attachment 4-1 (revised February 2005).
3 B; = Concentration in biota type (i) which represents 100% of the diet for the respective receptor.
4 HQ = [FIR * (Soilj * Ps + Bj)] / TRY solved for HQ=1 where Soilj = Eco-SSL (Equation 4-2; U.S. EPA, 2003).
6.0 ECO-SSL FOR MAMMALIAN WILDLIFE
The derivation of the Eco-SSL for mammalian wildlife was completed as two parts. First, the
TRY was derived according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003; Attachment 4-5).
Second, the Eco-SSL (soil concentration) was back-calculated for each of three surrogate receptor
species based on the wildlife exposure model and the TRY (U.S. EPA, 2003).
6.1 Mammalian TRV
The literature search was completed according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003;
Attachment 4-2) and identified 10,410 papers with possible toxicity data for zinc for either avian
or mammalian species. Of these studies, 10,259 were rejected for use as described in Section
7.5. Of the remaining papers, 99 contained data for mammalian test species. These papers were
reviewed and the data were extracted and scored according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA,
2003; Attachment 4-3 and 4-4). The results of the data extraction and review are summarized in
Table 6.1. The complete results are provided as Appendix 6-1.
Eco-SSL for Zinc
14
June 2007
-------
Table 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 1 of 4
*
Reference
Ref
No.
Test Organism
# of Cone/ Doses
Method of Analyses
Route of Exposure
Exposure Duration
Duration Units
a
<:
Age Units
Lifestage
X
£
Effect Type
Effect Measure
Response Site
NOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
LOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
1
Biochemical (BIO)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Brandt, 1983
Van der Schee et al, 1980
Hill and Mller, 1983
Reeves and Newman, 1997
Gaynor et al, 1988
Mengo et al., 1991
Gaynor et al, 1988
Brzoska et al, 2001
Ott et al., 1966
Brink et al, 1959
Ott et al., 1966
Ott et al., 1966
Bentley and Grubb, 1991
Maitaetal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Whanger and Weswig, 1970
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
O'Neil-Cutting et al, 1981
Urabe andHayakawa, 1990
Nakamura et al., 1983
L'Abbe and Fischer, 1984
Elliot and Walker, 1968
L'Abbe and Fischer, 1984
Subramanian et al, 2000
Shankar et al, 1986
Iran, et. al, 1999
Kadiiska et al, 1985
Reeves et al, 1994
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Yamaguchi et al, 1982
Tantcheva et al, 1993
Jaw and Jeffery, 1988
Hsu et al, 1975
Thawley, et. al., 1978
Settlemire and Matrone, 1967
Ogiso, et. al., 1974
Scott and Magee, 1979
Pettersen, et al, 2002
Gautam et al, 2001
Rana et. al, 1985
2033
21171
45270
21067
47892
21240
47892
36302
14536
14525
14537
14537
40436
43680
43680
22300
43680
43680
14656
40997
638
36982
38623
36983
21011
46830
21015
19290
37015
149
37010
39802
36967
14376
36953
38015
42961
43264
36374
36346
13236
Mink (Mustela vison )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
3
3
3
2
2
3
2
2
6
6
8
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
M
M
U
U
M
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
u
u
u
u
u
u
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
OR
DR
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
4
98
4
7
4
3
5
12
12
42
7
11
22
13
13
10
13
13
18
42
11
6
4
2
6
120
7
30
2
2
30
30
8
2
6
5
15
1
3
2
30
mo
d
w
w
w
mo
w
w
w
d
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
w
d
w
w
w
d
90
NR
NR
21
NR
1
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
5
21
5
5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
40
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
4
NR
4-6
NR
NR
4
NR
90
d
NR
NR
d
NR
mo
NR
mo
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
w
d
w
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
NR
w
NR
w
NR
NR
w
NR
d
JV
JV
GE
JV
LC
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
M
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
B
NR
M
M
B
M
F
M
M
F
M
M
F
M
B
M
M
F
M
M
M
M
M
M
F
NR
M
M
M
B
B
NR
M
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
ENZ
CHM
ENZ
CHM
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
MCHC
HMCT
ALPH
HMCT
PRTL
CHOL
PRTL
CALC
PCLV
HMGL
PCLV
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
HEMT
GBCM
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
PRTL
GLUC
GBCM
HMGL
CCOX
HMGL
CHOL
MCPR
P450
GBCM
GLPX
CALC
AHDX
GBCM
ALPH
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
NACO
CALC
GLYC
PL
BL
SR
BL
MK
BL
MK
TB
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
LI
SR
SR
WO
LI
PL
SR
IN
LI
LI
BL
SR
LI
LI
SR
BL
BL
BL
BL
HE
LI
LI
10.4
12
25.0
30.4
30.6
32.1
33.2
40.0
42.6
43.5
51.2
53.2
56.5
234
243
356
458
479
597
1684
20.1
250
96.4
55.7
87.1
68.3
106
282
2514
2486
711
4927
4878
8.71
10.7
14.9
21.6
28.2
28.9
35.2
40.5
56
99.1
100
100
103
354
578
667
956
968
1419
1782
5000
81
66
70
72
67
70
67
72
71
77
72
75
74
73
73
75
73
73
70
71
66
74
70
69
66
66
70
69
68
70
72
69
70
66
70
69
70
70
70
69
72
Behavior (BEH)
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
Shankar et al, 1986
Gaynor et al, 1988
Gaynor et al, 1988
Henry et al, 1997
Miller et al., 1989
Ott et al, 1966
Brink et al, 1959
Schell and Komegay, 1996
Aulerich et al, 1991
Maitaetal, 1981
Aulerich et al, 1991
Aulerich et al, 1991
Aulerich et al, 1991
Ketcheson etal, 1969
Urabe andHayakawa, 1990
Subramanian et al, 2000
Brzoska et al, 2001
46830
47892
47892
40409
14685
14535
14525
42234
46274
43680
46274
46274
46274
37837
40997
21011
36302
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
2
2
2
6
3
8
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
2
u
M
M
U
U
U
U
M
M
U
M
M
M
U
U
U
U
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
120
4
5
3
10
6
42
2
144
13
144
144
144
14
42
6
12
d
w
w
d
w
w
d
w
d
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
40
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
23
>1
5
10-12
10-12
>1
NR
NR
NR
2
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
mo
d
yr
w
w
w
yr
NR
NR
NR
mo
JV
LC
LC
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
AD
JV
JV
JV
AD
LC
JV
JV
JV
F
F
F
M
F
NR
NR
B
M
M
M
F
F
F
M
M
M
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FDNG
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
WCON
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
28.9
30.6
33.2
34.9
38.3
38.6
47.5
106
165
234
297
324
327
470
1684
46.5
76.5
57.9
94.9
2514
28.2
40
69
70
70
80
80
75
80
70
79
76
77
75
75
69
74
69
75
Physiology (PHY)
59
Ott et al, 1966
14535 |Sheep (Ovis aries )
8
U
FD
6
w
NR
NR
JV
NR
PHY
FDCV
wo
19.9
39.7
75
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Table 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 2 of 4
*
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
Reference
Gaynor et al, 1988
Gaynor et al, 1988
Brink et al, 1959
Schell and Komegay, 1996
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
Urabe andHayakawa, 1990
Maitaetal, 1981
Mutafova-Yamolieva, et al, 199:
Cox and Hale, 1962
Ref
No.
47892
47892
14525
42234
43680
43680
40997
43680
39780
14526
Test Organism
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
# of Cone/ Doses
2
2
6
4
4
4
2
4
2
3
Method of Analyses
M
M
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
Route of Exposure
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
Exposure Duration
4
5
42
2
13
13
42
13
30
69
Duration Units
w
w
d
w
w
w
d
w
d
d
§i
<:
NR
NR
NR
23
5
5
NR
5
NR
NR
Age Units
mo
NR
NR
d
w
w
NR
w
NR
NR
Lifestage
LC
LC
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
X
£
F
F
NR
F
M
F
M
M
M
NR
Effect Type
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
Effect Measure
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
GPHY
FDCV
Response Site
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
VD
wo
NOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
30.6
33.2
38.3
106
458
479
1684
2514
LOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
76.7
4927
4878
100
134
1
70
70
80
70
72
76
74
67
72
66
Pathology (PTH)
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
Hill et. al., 1983
Ott et al., 1966
Reeves and Newman, 1997
Brzoska et al, 2001
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
O'Neil-Cutting et al, 1981
Urabe andHayakawa, 1990
Seidenberg et al 1986
Augey, et al, 1977
Davies, et al, 1977
Van Meet et al, 1981
Yamaguchi et al, 1982
Ferguson and Leaver, 1972
Rana et. al, 1985
45143
14537
21067
36302
43680
43680
43680
43680
14656
40997
113
14524
14527
149
37010
42635
13236
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
3
8
2
2
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
M
U
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
DR
FD
FD
OR
FD
GV
12
7
7
12
13
13
13
13
18
42
4
12
26
10
30
10
30
mo
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
d
mo
d
w
d
w
d
7-8
NR
3
2
5
5
5
5
NR
NR
NR
1.5-2
1
NR
3
21-28
90
mo
NR
w
mo
w
w
w
w
NR
NR
NR
mo
w
NR
w
d
d
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
F
M
M
M
M
F
M
F
M
M
F
B
M
M
M
B
M
ORW
ORW
HIS
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
GRS
HIS
ORW
HIS
ORW
HIS
ORW
SMIX
ORWT
USTR
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
BDWT
USTR
ORWT
GLSN
ORWT
USTR
SMIX
LI
LI
IN
TB
BR
LI
BR
BR
LI
LI
WO
PS
KI
HE
FM
HM
LI
8.23
18.6
30.4
40
234
243
458
479
597
1684
82.3
37.3
2514
2486
4927
4878
8.89
70.1
75.7
99.1
100
181
5000
73
75
66
75
76
76
76
76
71
71
80
68
77
73
75
77
75
Reproduction (REP)
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
Hill et. al., 1983
Seidenberg et al 1986
Alaoui et al, 1985
Cerklewski, 1979
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Khera and Shah, 1979
Miller et al., 1989
Amemiya et al, 1986
Evenson et al, 1993
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1974
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Shrader et al, 1978
Hirsch and Hurley, 1978
Hill et al, 1983
Webster, 1979
Anderson et al., 1993
Schlicker and Cox, 1968
Ketcheson etal, 1969
Maitaetal, 1981
Chu and Cox, 1970
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
Bui, et al, 1998
Maitaetal, 1981
Kumar, 1976
Barone et al, 1998
Newman et al, 2002
Pal and Pal, 1987
Chu and Cox, 1972
Cox et al, 1969
Schlicker and Cox, 1968
45143
113
36854
37008
42289
21134
14685
21069
14660
42289
42292
42289
21138
21139
35659
823
139
25
37837
43680
42767
43680
43680
21045
43680
43587
21042
48540
14664
42670
42838
25
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus )
Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
3
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
4
5
3
2
2
3
4
2
2
3
4
2
4
4
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
M
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
FD
GV
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
GV
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
12
4
5
37
10
4
14
21
8
10
13
5
21
12
20
19
13
36
14
13
21
13
13
7
13
17
10
16
18
14
22
18
mo
d
w
d
d
d
w
d
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
d
w
d
d
w
d
w
w
d
w
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
7-8
NR
NR
105
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
4
12
NR
NR
5
NR
5
5
NR
5
100
NR
NR
L20-13(
NR
NR
NR
mo
NR
NR
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
mo
w
NR
NR
w
NR
w
w
NR
w
d
NR
NR
d
NR
NR
NR
GE
GE
JV
LC
GE
GE
LC
GE
JV
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
LC
GE
JV
GE
LC
JV
LC
JV
JV
GE
JV
GE
GE
GE
GE
LC
GE
GE
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
M
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
ODVP
PRWT
ORWT
PRWT
PRFM
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
TEWT
PRFM
PRFM
PRFM
PRWT
PRWT
RFflS
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
ORWT
GREP
ORWT
ORWT
PRWT
ORWT
RSEM
PROG
PROG
GREP
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
WO
NR
TE
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
TE
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
TE
WO
TE
OV
WO
OV
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
wo
wo
8.23
8.89
9.64
14.4
30.0
34.0
37.9
41.2
42.1
42.5
60.0
88.0
89.6
89.6
97.8
101
110
167
181
234
347
458
479
975
2486
82.3
75.9
452
2514
4927
4878
12.2
81.1
232
326
326
353
424
79
82
71
80
77
69
86
74
70
77
77
77
73
75
70
79
74
73
81
82
74
82
82
80
71
78
73
81
78
72
74
74
Growth (GRO)
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Table 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 3 of 4
*
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
Reference
Attia, et al, 1987
Huerta et al, 2002
Huerta et al, 2002
Alaoui et al, 1985
Mil et. al., 1983
Weigarnd and Kirchgessner, 197
Eisemann et al, 1979
Cerklewski, 1979
Elliot and Walker, 1968
Cerklewski and Forbes, 1976
Wapnir and Lee, 1993
Agarwal et al, 1986
Brandt, 1983
Shankar et al, 1986
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Reeves and Newman, 1997
Gaynor et al, 1988
Gaynor et al, 1988
Khera and Shah, 1979
Evenson et al, 1993
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Brink et al, 1959
Mller et al., 1989
Reeves et al, 1994
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1974
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Bui, et al, 1998
Van Meet et al, 1981
Schell and Komegay, 1996
Schell and Komegay, 1996
Anderson et al., 1993
Malta etal, 1981
Bentley and Grubb, 1991
Llewellyn et al, 1985
Maitaetal, 1981
Ketcheson etal, 1969
Maitaetal, 1981
O'Neil-Cutting et al, 1981
Zhang et al, 1995
Zhang et al, 1995
Zhang et al, 1995
Pettersen, et al, 2002
Urabe andHayakawa, 1990
Maitaetal, 1981
Nakamura et al., 1983
Rosa et al, 1986
Subramanian et al, 2000
Davies, et al, 1977
Barone et al, 1998
Hsu et al, 1975
Schlicker and Cox, 1968
Settlemire and Matrone, 1967
Ogiso, et. al., 1974
Scott and Magee, 1979
Ref
No.
36003
25973
25973
36854
45143
41855
43242
37008
38623
2627
39821
21084
2033
46830
42289
21067
47892
47892
21134
14660
42289
14525
14685
37015
42292
42289
21045
149
42234
42234
139
43680
40436
2203
43680
37837
43680
14656
39356
39356
39356
36374
40997
43680
638
47007
21011
14527
21042
14376
25
38015
42961
43264
Test Organism
Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Kg (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Kg (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Kg (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Kg (Sus scrofa )
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus )
Flamster (Mesocricetus auratus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Kg (Sus scrofa )
Kg (Sus scrofa )
Kg (Sus scrofa )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus )
Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
# of Cone/ Doses
5
2
2
2
3
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
4
6
3
2
5
3
2
2
4
4
2
4
3
2
4
3
4
2
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Method of Analyses
U
U
U
u
u
u
M
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
Route of Exposure
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
GV
GV
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
Exposure Duration
90
50
50
5
8
12
16
37
4
7
3
14
4
120
10
7
4
5
4
8
10
42
14
2
12
5
7
10
2
23
13
13
22
18
13
14
13
18
10
10
10
3
42
13
11
56
6
26
10
13
18
5
15
1
Duration Units
d
d
d
w
mo
d
w
d
w
w
w
d
mo
d
d
w
w
w
d
w
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
d
w
w
d
w
d
d
w
d
w
d
w
§i
<:
7-9
18
18
NR
7-8
NR
6-8
105
NR
NR
NR
9-10
90
40
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
23
23
12
5
NR
NR
5
NR
5
NR
8
8
8
4
NR
5
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
4
NR
4-6
NR
NR
Age Units
mo
mo
mo
NR
mo
NR
w
d
NR
NR
NR
w
d
d
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
d
d
w
w
NR
NR
w
NR
w
NR
w
w
w
w
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
w
NR
w
NR
NR
Lifestage
JV
JV
JV
JV
GE
JV
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
GE
JV
LC
LC
GE
JV
GE
JV
LC
JV
GE
GE
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
GE
JV
GE
JV
JV
JV
X
£
M
F
F
M
F
M
B
F
B
M
M
M
M
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
NR
F
M
F
F
F
M
B
B
M
M
B
M
M
F
F
M
F
F
F
B
M
F
F
M
M
M
F
NR
F
M
M
M
Effect Type
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
Effect Measure
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
GGRO
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
Response Site
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
NOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
4.33
4.78
4.78
9.64
10.3
11.7
13.5
14.4
14.9
15.7
15.7
18.0
20.2
28.9
30.0
30.4
30.6
33.2
34
42.1
42.5
43.5
63.7
56
60.0
88.0
97.5
99.1
103
106
110
234
282
295
458
470
479
597
825
845
846
1419
1684
2486
LOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
103
87.1
2514
4927
4878
2838
8.71
16.1
28.2
75.7
81.1
89.1
424
667
956
968
1
69
68
68
69
77
68
69
78
68
69
68
72
82
73
75
79
74
74
67
68
75
84
69
75
75
75
69
73
69
74
81
80
68
67
80
73
80
77
68
73
68
83
78
69
73
71
73
81
71
73
68
76
77
77
Survival (MOR)
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
Seidenberg et al 1986
Van der Schee et al, 1980
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Brink et al, 1959
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1974
Ott et al, 1966
113
21171
42289
42289
14525
42292
14535
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus )
Sheep (Ovis aries )
2
3
3
4
6
5
8
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
GV
FD
GV
GV
FD
GV
FD
4
98
10
10
42
13
6
d
d
d
d
d
d
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
GE
JV
GE
GE
JV
GE
JV
F
M
F
F
NR
F
NR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MORT
MORT
SURV
SURV
MORT
MORT
MORT
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
8.89
12.0
30.0
42.5
43.5
60.0
82.9
87.1
99.5
85
83
76
76
85
76
80
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Table 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 4 of 4
*
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
Reference
Willoughby et al, 1972
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Aulerich et al, 1991
Aulerich et al, 1991
Aulerich et al, 1991
Aulerich et al, 1991
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
Maitaetal, 1981
Van Meet et al, 1981
Ref
No.
14385
42289
46274
46274
46274
46274
43680
43680
43680
43680
149
Test Organism
Horse (Equas caballus )
Hamster {Mesocricetus auratus )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink {Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
# of Cone/ Doses
2
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
Method of Analyses
M
U
M
M
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
Route of Exposure
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
c
^o
"«
Q
Q
Q.
w
9
5
144
144
144
114
13
13
13
13
10
Duration Units
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
w
w
w
a
<:
3-4
NR
>1
10-12
10-12
>1
5
5
5
5
NR
Age Units
w
NR
yr
w
w
yr
w
w
w
w
NR
Lifestage
JV
GE
AD
JV
JV
AD
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
X
£
F
F
M
M
F
F
M
F
M
F
M
Effect Type
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
Effect Measure
MORT
SURV
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
Response Site
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
NOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
83.7
88.0
165
297
324
327
458
2486
2514
4878
LOAEL Dose'
(mg/kg bw/day)
4927
99.1
1
78
76
80
84
84
80
81
70
79
79
78
AD = adult; AHDX = aniline hydroxylase; ALPH = alkaline phosphatase; B = both; BDWT = body weight changes; BEH = behavior; BI = bile; BIO = biochemical; BL = blood;
BR = brain; bw = body weight; CALC = calcium; CCOX = cytochrome C-oxidase; CHM = chemical changes; CHOL = cholesterol; d = day; DIFD = digestibility of food; DR =
Drinking water; DT - digestive tract; ENZ = enyzme level changes; F = female; FCNS = food consumption; FD = food; FOB = feeding behavior; FDCV = food conversion
efficiency; FDNG = feeding behavior; FM = femur; FO = foot; GBCM = general biochemical changes; GE = gestation; GGRO = general growth changes; GLPX = glutathione
peroxidase; GLSN = gross lesions; GLUC = glucose; GLYC = glycogen; GPHY = general pysiology changes; GRO = growth; GREP = general reproduction; GRS = gross body
weight changes; GT = gastrointestinal tract; GV = gavage; HA = hair; HE = heart; HEMT = hematocrit; HIS = histological changes; HM = humerus; HMCT = hematocrit; HMGI
= hemoglobin; HRM = hormone changes; IN = intestinal tract; ITX = intoxication; JV = juvenile; kg = kilograms; KI = kidney; LC = lactation; LD = lipid; LI = liver;
LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level; mg = milligrams; mo = months; M = male; M = measured; MCHC = mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCPR = microsomal
proteins; MK = milk, lactating females; MOR = effects on mortality and survival; MORT = mortality; MPH = morphology; MT = multiple; MU = muscle; NACO = sodium;
NOAEL = No Observed Advese Effect Level; NCRO = necrosis; NR = Not reported; NMVM = number of movements; ODVP = offspring development; OR = other oral; ORW
= organ weight changes; ORWT = organ weight changes; OV = ovary; P450 = cytochrome P450; PCLV = packed cell volume; PHY = physiology; PL = plasma; PRFM =
pregnant females in a population; PROG = progeny numbers/counts; PRTL = protein, total; PRWT = progeny weight; PS = pancreas; PTH = pathology; RBCE = red blood cell
count; REP = reproduction; RHJS = reproductive organ histology; RSEM = resorbed embryos; SH = stomach; SK = skin; SM = sexually mature; SMIX = weight relative to body
weight; SP = spleen; SPCL = sperm cell counts; SR = serum; SURV = survival; TB = tibia; TE = testes; TEWT = testes weight; TS = thymus; TWBC = white blood cell count,
total; U = unmeasured; UR = urine; USTR = ultrastructural changes; VD = Vas deferens; VTMA = vitamin A; w = weeks; WCON = water consumption; WO = whole organism.
*NOAEL and LOAEL values that are equal and from the same reference represent different experimental designs.
These are designated with different Phase numbers in Appendix 6.1.
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Within the reviewed papers there are 190 results for biochemical (BIO), behavior (BEH),
physiology (PHY), pathology (PTH), reproduction (REP), growth (GRO), and survival (MOR)
endpoints with a total Data Evaluation Score >65 that were used to derive the TRV (U.S. EPA
2003; Attachment 4-4). These data are plotted in Figure 6.1 and correspond directly with the data
presented in Table 6.1. The NOAEL results for growth and reproduction are used to calculate a
geometric mean NOAEL. This geometric mean is examined in relationship to the lowest bounded
LOAEL for reproduction, growth, and survival to derive the TRV according to the Eco-SSL
guidance (U.S. EPA 2003; Attachment 4-5).
A geometric mean of the NOAEL values for reproduction and growth was calculated at 75.4 mg
zinc/kg bw/day. This value is lower than the lowest bounded LOAEL for reproduction, growth,
or mortality results. Therefore, the TRV is equal to the geometric mean of the NOAEL values for
reproduction and growth and is equal to 75.4 mg zinc/kg bw/day.
6.2 Estimation of Dose and Calculation of the Eco-SSL
Three separate Eco-SSL values were calculated for mammalian wildlife, one for each of three
surrogate receptor groups representing different trophic levels. The mammalian Eco-SSLs
derived for Zinc were calculated according to the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA, 2003;
Attachment 4-5) and are summarized in Table 6.2.
Table 6.2 Calculation of the Mammalian Eco-SSLs for Zinc
Surrogate Receptor
Group
Mammalian
herbivore (vole)
Mammalian ground
insectivore (shrew)
Mammalian
carnivore (weasel)
TRV for
Zinc
(mg dw/kg
bw/d) 1
75.4
75.4
75.4
Food Ingestion
Rate (FIR)2
(kg dw/kg
bw/d)
0.0875
0.209
0.130
Soil Ingestion as
Proportion of
Diet (Ps)2
0.032
0.030
0.043
Concentration of Zinc
in Biota Type (i)2>3
(B,)
(mg/kg dw)
ln(Bj) = 0.554 *
ln(Soilj)+ 1.575
where i = plants
ln(Bj) = 0.328 *
In(Soilj) + 4.449
where i = earthworms
111(60 = 0.0706 *
ln(Soilj) + 4.3632
where i = mammals
Eco-SSL
(mg/kg dw)4
6,800
79
10,000
1 The process for derivation of wildlife TRVs is described in Attachment 4-5 of U.S. EPA (2003).
2 Parameters (FIR, Ps, Bj values, regressions) are provided in U.S. EPA (2003) Attachment 4-1 (revised February 2005).
3 B; = Concentration in biota type (i) which represents 100% of the diet for the respective receptor.
4 HQ = [FIR * (Soilj * Ps + Bj)] / TRV solved for HQ=1 where Soilj = Eco-SSL (Equation 4-2; U.S. EPA, 2003).
Eco-SSL for Zinc
19
June 2007
-------
Figure 6.1 Mammalian TRV Derivation for Zinc
100000.000
Geometric Mean of NOAELs
for reproduction and growth =
75.4
Biochemical (BIO)
Behavior (BEH)
Physiology (PHY) Pathology (PTH)
Reproduction (REP)
Mortality (MOR)
• BIO-NOAEL OBIO-LOAEL »BEH-NOAEL OBEH-LOAEL OPHY-NOAEL PHY-LOAEL OPTH-NOAEL PTH-LOAEL »REP-NOAEL OREP-LOAEL OORO-NOAEL ORO-LOAEL OMOR-NOAEL MOR-LOAEL
Wildlife TRV Derivation Process
Lowest-Observed Adverse Effect Dose
Paired values from same study when joined by line
No-Observed Adverse Effect Dose
Data Evaluation Score
1) There are at least three results available for two test species within the growth, reproduction, and mortality effect groups.
There are enough data to derive a TRV.
2) There are three NOAEL results available within the growth and reproduction effect groups for calculation of a geometric mean.
3) The geometric mean is equal to 75.4 mg zinc/kg bw/d and is lower than the lowest bounded LOAEL for results within the reproduction, growth, and survival (MOR) effect groups.
4) The mammalian wildlife TRV for zinc is equal to 75.4 mg zinc/kg bw/day which is the geometric mean of NOAEL results within the reproduction and growth effect groups.
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
20
June 2007
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7.0 REFERENCES
7.1 General Zinc References
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Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2005. Toxicological Profile for Zinc, Atlanta, GA.
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Glasgow, UK.
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OSWER Directive 9285.7-28.P.
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Assessment Forum. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC. EPA/630/R-95/002F. April. May 14,
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Aery, N. C. and Jagetiya, B. L. 1997. Relative Toxicity of Cadmium, Lead and Zinc on Barley. Commun. Soil Sci.
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Sci. 37(4): 499510.
Dang, Y. P., Chhabra, R., and Verma, K. S. 1990. Effect of Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn on Growth and Chemical
Composition of Onion and Fenugreek. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 21(9/10): 717 735.
De Haan, S, H. Rethfeld and W. Van Drier. 1985. Acceptable Levels of Heavy Metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in
Soils. Hren (Gr), The Netherlands (Rapport 9 85).
Donkin, S. G. and Dusenbery, D. B. 1994. Using the Caenorhabditis elegans Soil Toxicity Test to Identify Factors
Affecting Toxicity to Identify Factors Affecting Toxicity of Four Metal Ions in Intact Soil. Water Air Soil Pollut. 78,
359 373
Gupta, U. C. and Arsenault, W. J. 1986. Boron and Zinc Nutrition of Tobacco Grown in Prince Edward Island. Can.
J. Soil Sci. 66, 67 71
Kadar, I. and Morvai, B. 1998. Effect of Micropollutants on Soil and Crop on Calcareous Sandy Soil. Agrokem.
Talajtan 47[1 4], 207 214
Korthals, G. W., Popovici, I., Iliev, I., and Lexmond, T. M. 1998. Influence of Perennial Ryegrass on a Copper and
Zinc Affected Terrestrial Nematode Community. Appl. Soil Ecol. 10[1 2], 73 85
Korthals, G. W., Ende, A. van de, Megen, H. van, Lexmond, T. M., Kammenga, J. E., and Bonger, T. 1996. Short
Term Effects of Cadmium, Copper, Nickel and Zinc on Soil Nematodes from Different Feeding and Life History
Strategy Groups. Appl. Soil Ecol. 4[2], 107 117
Kucharski, J. and Niklewska, T. 1992. The Influence of Zinc on the Yields of Broad Bean and Microbiological
Activity of Soil. Pol. J. Soil Sci. 25[1], 71 77.
Kumar, V., Ahlawat, V. S., and Antil, R. S. 1985. Interactions of Nitrogen & Zinc in Pearl Millet: 1. Effect of
Nitrogen and Zinc Levels on Dry Matter and Concentration in Pearl Millet. Soil Sci. 139[4], 351 356
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MacLean, A. J. and Dekker, A. J. 1978. Availability of Zinc, Copper and Nickel to Plants Grown in Sewage Treated
Soils. Can J Soil Sci 58, 381 389
Mehta, V. S. and Singh, V. 1988. Effect of Sulfur and Zinc on Yield and Uptake of Nutrients by Mustard. J.Indian
Soc.Soil Sci 36[1], 190191
Monette, L. K. 1978. The Effects of Salinity as Sodium Chloride and the Absorption of Zinc and Cadmium by Barley
and Spinach. PhD Thesis, University of California, Davis, CA: 99 p.
Neuhauser, E. F., Loehr, R. C., and Malecki, M. R. 1985a. Contact and Artificial Soil Tests Using Earthworms to
Evaluate the Impact of Wastes in Soil. In: J.K.Petros,Jr, WJ.Lacy, and R.A.Conway (Eds.), Hazardous and Industiral
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Neuhauser, E. F., Loehr, R. C., Milligan, D. L., and Malecki, M. R. 1985b. Toxicity of Metals to the Earthworm
Eisenia fetida. Biol.Fertil.Soils 1[3], 149 152
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Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cobalt, Nickel and Manganese on Tomato Grown in an Acid Soil. Bristol
Agric.Hortic.Res.Stn.Annu.Rep. 1950 , 96 108
Panda, R., Pati, S. S., and Sahu, S. K. 1999. Accumulation of Zinc and Its Effects on the Growth, Reproduction and
Life Cycle of Drawida willsi (Oligochaeta), a Dominant Earthworm in Indian Crop Fields. Biol.Fertil.Soils 29[4], 419
423
Peredney, C. L. and Williams, P. L. 2000a. Utility of Caenorhabditis elegans for Assessing Heavy Metal
Contamination in Artificial Soil. Arch.Environ.ContamToxicol. 39[1], 113 118
Peredney, C. L. and Williams, P. L. 2000b. Comparison of the Toxicological Effects of Nitrate Versus Chloride
Metallic Salts on Caenorhabditis elegans in Soil. In: F.T.Price, K.V.Brix, and N.K.Lane (Eds.), Recent Achievements
in Environmental Fate and Transport, 9th Volume, ASTM STP 1381, West Conshohocken, PA, 256 268
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Rehab, F. I. and Wallace, A. 1978. Excess Trace Metal Effects on Cotton: 2. Copper, Zinc, Cobalt and Manganese
in Yolo Loam Soil. Commun.Soil Sci.Plant Anal. 9[6], 519 527
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39[3], 5769
Sadana, U. S. and Singh, B. 1987a. Yield and Uptake of Cadmium, Lead and Zinc by Wheat Grown in a Soil Polluted
with Heavy Metals. J.Plant Sci.Res. 3, 11 17
Sandifer, R. D. and Hopkin, S. P. 1997. Effects of Temperature on the Relative Toxicities of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn to
Folsomia Candida (Collembola). Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf. 37, 125 130
Sandifer, R. D. and Hopkin, S. P. 1996. Effects Of Ph On The Toxicity Of Cadmium, Copper, Lead And Zinc To
Folsomia Candida Willem, 1902 (Collembola) In A Standard Laboratory Test System. Chemosphere 33 [12], 2475
2486
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Contaminated Soil, with Comparison to Other Bioassays: Mercury and Zinc. Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 25[1], 27
35
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 23 June 2007
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Singh, B. R. and Jeng, A. S. 1993. Uptake of Zinc, Cadmium, Mercury, Lead, Chromium and Nickel by Ryegrass
Grown in a Sandy Soil. Norw.J.Agric.Sci. 7[2], 147 157
Singh, B., Singh, A., Dahiya, I. S., and Dang, Y. P. 1991. Stress Caused by Zinc Deficiency and Toxicity at Different
Growth Stages of Wheat. Crop Res. 4[1], 96 101
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and cadmium. Plant Soil 143[2], 233 238
Smit, C. E. and Van Gestel, C. A. M. 1998. Effects of Soil Type, Prepercolation, and Ageing on Bioaccumulation and
Toxicity of Zinc for the Springtail Folsomia Candida. Environ.Toxicol.Chem. 17[6], 1132 1141
Smit, C. E. and Van Gestel, C. A. M. 1997. Influence of Temperature on the Regulation and Toxicity of Zinc in
Folsomia Candida (Collembola). Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf. 37[3], 213 222
Smit, C. E. and Van Gestel, C. A. M. 1996. Comparison of the Toxicity of Zinc for the Springtail Folsomia Candida
in Artifically Contaminated and Polluted Field Soils. Appl.Soil Ecol. 3, 127 136
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for Folsomia Candida (Collembola). Pedobiologia 42[2], 154 164
Spurgeon, D. J. and Hopkin, S. P. 1996. The Effects of Metal Contamination on Earthworm Populations Around a
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Spurgeon, D. J. and Hopkin, S. P. 1996. Effects of Variations of the Organic Matter Content and pH of Soils on the
Availability and Toxicity of Zinc to the Earthworm Eisenia fetida. Pedobiologia 40[1], 80 96
Spurgeon, D. J. and Hopkin, S. P. 1995. Extrapolation of the Laboratory Based OECD Earthworm Toxicity Test to
Metal Contaminated Field Sites. Ecotoxicology 4 [3], 190 205
Spurgeon, D. J., Hopkin, S. P., and Jones, D. T. 1994. Effects of Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc on Growth,
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Source Metal Contamination in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Environ.Pollut. 84[2], 123 130
Spurgeon, D. J., Tomlin, M. A., and Hopkin, S. P. 1997. Influence of Temperature on the Toxicity of Zinc to the
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Van Gestel, C. A. M. and Hensbergen, P. J. 1997. Interaction of Cd and Zn Toxicity for Folsomia Candida Willem
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Van Gestel, C. A. M., Dirven Breemen, E. M., and Baerselman, R. 1993. Accumulation and Elimination of Cadmium,
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Voros, I., Biro, B., Takacs, T., Koves Pechy, K., and Bujtas, K. 1998. Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on
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7.3 References Rejected for Use in Deriving Plant and Soil Invertebrate Eco-SSLs
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 24 June 2007
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These references were reviewed and rejected for use in derivation of the Eco-SSL. The definition
of the codes describing the basis for rejection is provided at the end of the reference sections.
Mix Abdul Rida, A. M. 1996. Concentrations and Growth of Earthworms and Plants in Soils
Contaminated by Cadmium, Copper, Iron, Lead and Zinc: Interactions Soil Earthworm. Soil Biol
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Mix Abdul Rida, A. M. M. 1996. Concentrations and Growth of Earthworms and Plants in Soils
Contaminated by Cadmium, Copper, Iron, Lead and Zinc: Interactions Plant Soil Earthworm. Soil
Biol Biochem. 28[8], 1037 1044
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Forms of Zinc and Its Uptake by Corn Plants in Soil Treated with a Steel Making Residue. Rev.
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Media Bakardzhieva, N. and Nikolova, R. 1988. Light dependent changes in the activity and in the
isoenzyme spectra of the superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in young pea sprouts grown at
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ERE Balik, J., Tlustos, P., Pavlikova, D., Szakova, J., Blahnik, R., and Kaewrahun, S. 1998. The Effect
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26
June 2007
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of Sewage Sludge on Zinc Content in Soil and Plants. Rostl. Vyroba 44 [10], 457 462 (CZE)
No Dose Banks, M. K., Schwab, A. P., Fleming, G. R., and Hetrick, B. A. 1994. Effects of Plants and Soil
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Nutr Bansal, R. L. and Chahal, D. S. 1997. Zinc manganese relationships inberseem (Trifolium
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OM, pH Banu, F. and Y. D. Tiagi. 1991. Physiological Studies Under Metal Stress Conditions 2. Effect of
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Species BarTal, A.,BarYosef, B., and Chen, Y. 1991. Validation of a Model of the Transport of Zinc to an
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Media Barker, W. G. 1972. Toxicity Levels of Mercury, Lead, Copper and Zinc in Tissue Culture Systems
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OM, pH Barman, S. C. and Lai, M. M. 1994. Accumulation of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb) in soil and
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Zinc Sulfate to the Soil. Soil Sci. 39, 145 159
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Corn and Other Field Crops. Bull.No.292, Univ.Fla.Agric.Exp.Sta.Bull., Gainesville, FL , 3 51
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Rev Bennett, A. C. 1971. Toxic Effects of Aqueous Ammonia, Copper, Zinc, Lead, Boron, and
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Species Berger, B., Dallinger, R., Felder, E., and Moser, J. 1993. Chpt. 15 Budgeting the Flow on Cadmium
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and Zinc Through the Terrestrial Gastropod, Helix pomatia, L. In: Ecotoxicology of Metals in
Invertebrates, Proc.lst SETAC Europe Conf, Apr.7 10, 1991, Sheffield, UK , 291 313
Species Berger, B., Dallinger, R., Gruber, A., and Moser, J. 1994. Uptake, Assimilation, and Ligand
Binding of Cadmium and Zinc in Helix pomatia After Combined Exposure to Both Metals. In:
M.H.Donker, H.Eijsackers, and F.Heimbach (Eds.), Ecotoxicology of Soil Organisms, Chapter 25,
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FL Bergh, H. 1947. Zinc as a Plant Nutrient and Plant Poison (Sink som Plantenering og Plantegift).
Nord. Jordbrugsforsk. 1947, 121 130 (ICE)
OM, pH Bergh, H. 1948. Zinc as a Plant Nutrient and a Plant Poison. Water Cultures and Field Experiments
with Grain. Kgl.Norske Videnskab. Selskabs, Skrifter 1942 45[3], 67p. (GER) (ENG ABS)
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Newman, H. M. R. S. H. Yang and K. R. Magnusson. 2002 . effects of developmental exposure to lead,
mangnesium and zinc mixtures on spatial learning and expression of nmda receptor subunit mrna in fischer 344 rats.
ToxicolologyLetters. 126(2): 107-119. RefNo. 48540.
O'Neil-Cutting, M. A., Bomford, A., and Munro, H. N. 1981. effect of excess dietary zinc on tissue storage of iron
in rats. JNutr. 111(11): 1969-79. RefNo. 14656.
Ogiso, T., Moriyama, K., Sasaki, S., Ishimura, Y., and Minato, A. 1974. inhibitory effect of high dietary zinc on
copper absorption in rats. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 22(1): 55-60. RefNo. 42961.
Oh, S. H., Nakaue, H., Deagen, J. T., Whanger, P. D., and Arscott, G. H. 1979. accumulation and depletion of zinc
in chick tissue metallothioneins. J. Nutr. 109(10): 1720-9. RefNo. 6627.
Ott, EA, Smith, WH, Harringtom, RB, and Beeson, WM. 1966. zinc toxicity in ruminants, i. effect of high levels of
dietary zinc on gains, feed consumption and feed efficiency in lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 25: 414. RefNo. 14535.
Ott, EA, Smith, WH, Harringtom, RB, Parker, HE, and Beeson, WM. 1966. zinc toxicity in ruminants, iv.
physiological changes in tissues of beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 25: 432. RefNo. 14536.
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Palafox, A. L. and Ho-A, Elodie. 1980. effect of zinc toxicity in laying white leghorn pullets and hens. Poult. Sci.
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-------
Pettersen, A. I, R.A. Andersen, and K. E. Zachariassen. 2002. Effects of dietary intake of trace metals on tissue
contents of sodium and calcium in mice (Mus musculus). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology &
pharmacology : cbp, 2002 may, 132(1):53-60. Ref No. 36374.
Pimentel, Julio L., Cook, Mark E., and Greger, J. L. 1992. anemia induced by ingestion of excess zinc in chicks:
importance of red blood cell turnover. Journal oj'Nutritional Biochemistry (1992) 3(3): 146-50. Ref No. 5617.
Pimentel, Julio L., Greger, J. L., Cook, Mark E., and Stahl, James L. 1992. iron metabolism in chicks fed various
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Rama, R. and Planas, J. 1981. effects of dietary zinc on iron metabolism in chickens. Biol. Trace Elem. Res.
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supplemental inorganic zinc sources for chicks. J.Anim.Sci. 75(12): 3195-3205. RefNo. 5247.
Sandoval, M., Henry, P. R., Littell, R. C., Miles, R. D., Butcher, G. D., and Ammerman, C. B. 1999. effect of
dietary zinc source and method of oral administration on performance and tissue trace mineral concentration of
broiler chicks. J.Anim.Sci. 111.): 77(7), 1788-1799 . Ref No. 5067.
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Scott, A. S. and Magee, A. C. 1979. CS Dep. Food Nutrition and Food Service Economics Univ. North Carolina
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 80 June 2007
-------
Greensboro N. C. 27412 USA. 1979. permanency of biological changes in young rats fed a high zinc diet.
Nutrition Reports International 20(4): 549-559. RefNo. 43264.
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Nutrition 92(2): 153-8. RefNo. 38015.
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rats on a high zinc diet. Trace Elem. Med. (1989) 6(2): 86-92 . RefNo. 21006.
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excessive dietary zinc. Poult. Sci. (1990) 69(2): 259-63. RefNo. 5764.
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Eco-SSLfor Zinc 81 June 2007
-------
the feed concentrate on the storage of copper in the liver of lambs. Veterinary Quarterly. 2 (2). 1980. 82-89. Ref
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7.5 References Rejected for Use in Derivation of Wildlife TRV
These references were reviewed and rejected for use in derivation of the Eco-SSL. The definition
of the codes describing the basis for rejection is provided at the end of the reference sections.
Diss 1044657 ORDER NO: AADDX-84482
Mix 28 days subacute oral toxicity study in rats (gavage). EPA/OTS; Doc #88-900000191
Acu 3-pyridylmethylthiocarbamates. U.S. Division of U.S. Ser. No. 591,581. CODEN: USXXAM: 5
pp.
Abstract \91\Abstracts of Technical Reports Supported by the Office of Naval Research 1970. ABS-2;
Eco-SSL for Zinc 82 June 2007
-------
REF-A71-2
Diss age, nutrition, and bone metabolism: analyses of effects using a short-term in vivo bone model.
0969983 ORDER NO :AAD8 7-255 72
Diss alteration in cadmium transport as a mechanism of resistance to reproductive toxicity in murine
strain a/j (zinc, testicular toxicity). 01669567 ORDER NO: AAD99-06384
Diss alterations in functionality of lymphocyte populations induced by zinc deficiency. 811552
ORDER NO: AAD83-08922
Rev 1979. altered immune responses in zinc deficiency in rodents. Nutrition Reviews 37(7): 234-
235.
Diss altered zinc metabolism and its sequelae during dietary zinc deficiency and stress. 01423394
ORDER NO: AADAA-I9521360
Not Avail amino acid metal complexes using hydrolyzed protein as the amino acid source and methods re
same. U.S. llpp.
Diss analgesia, tolerance and dependence with heroin -, laam - and hydromorphone zinc tannate
preparations. 748941 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS
INTL.
Diss the antagonistic effect of cadmium upon zinc metabolism in mice as assessed by
immunocompetence. 849558 ORDER NO: AAD84-16074
Diss antioxidants and age-related maculopathy (vision, carotenoid). 01587062 ORDER NO:
AAD97-23742
No Tox application of phytase in feed having low content of phytate. PCT Int. Appl. 24 pp..
Mix aqueous feed additive comprising lactic acid, organic acid and chelated trace elements. PCT Int.
Appl. 15 pp.
No Oral 1997. asian economic upheaval: effects on australian commodities. Australian Commodities
4(4): 503-516.
Diss aspects of the regulation and function of metallothionein in the mouse (copper, zinc regulation,
development). 836343 ORDER NO: AAD84-04942
Diss assessment of artificial plasma volume expansion in malnourished rats: effects on the conceptus
(fetal growth). 01204155 ORDER NO: AAD92-02782
Diss assessment of zinc nutriture in rats and humans. 774005 ORDER NO: AAD82-06013
Diss bioavailabilities of copper in copper proteinate, copper lysine and cupric sulfate, and copper
tolerances of holstein and jersey cattle. 01423392 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9521355
Diss bioavailability of zinc to rats from soy flour and chicken based diets. 824684 ORDER NO:
AAD83-24066. The Bioavailability of Intrinsic and Extrinsic ('65)Zn to Rats From
Diss biological properties of the 1. pneumophila exoprotease fraction. 0984122 ORDER NO:
AAD88-03953
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 83 June 2007
-------
Diss brain oxidative stress following zinc deficiency and hyperoxia exposure. 01598116 ORDER
NO: AADNN-20509
Diss buffer participation in enzyme regulation: the catalytic activity of carbonic anhydrase and its
modified analogues. 1016811 ORDER NO: AAD88-10566
Diss the characteristics of reptilian keratins: an analysis of the molecular events associated with the
evolution of the vertebrate epidermis. 690971 ORDER NO: AAD80-17033
Diss characterization and metabolism of alpha-2u-globulin ~ a male sex-dependent protein of the rat.
838449 ORDER NO: AAD84-00485
Diss characterization, fate and environmental risk assessment of microbial, elemental and toxic
components of fractionated broiler litter during storage and reutilization. 01295605 ORDER
NO: AAD93-16361
Diss characterization of avian immune response genes expressed during
development and cellular activation|. 01673822 ORDER NO: AAD99-09 754
Diss characterization of dgataa/pannier and analysis of the regulation of the dgataa/pannier late
embryonic expression pattern in the amnioserosa and dorsal ectoderm (drosophila). 01510450
ORDER NO: AAD96-32812
Diss characterization of dna-binding proteins which regulate expression of the chicken apo very low-
density lipoprotein ii gene. 01394008 ORDER NO: AADNN-90263
Diss characterization of the adherens junction protein zyxin: its role in cell-substratum adhesion.
01280659 ORDER NO: AAD93-08491
Diss characterization of the biological activities of porcine interleukin-6 (antibody production).
01451573 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9541358
Diss characterization of transcription repression by the yin-yang 1 protein (yyl) by mutagenesis and
identification and characterization of a potential yy 1 -interacting cellular factor. 015658 79
ORDER NO: AAD97-21538
No Oral chemical sterilization of reproductive organs. Fr. Demande : 12 pp.
Diss chronic lead intoxication in the rhesus monkey. 793908 ORDER NO: AAD82-20890
Diss cloning and characterisation of a novel zinc finger protein that interacts with p75ntr (nerve growth
factor, brain derived neurotrophic factor, trka). 01689892 ORDER NO: AAD99-17329
Diss cloning and characterization of the mouse ret finger protein (rfp), a b box zinc finger protein.
01500570 ORDER NO: AAD96-26086
No Oral coated veterinary implants of growth hormone. Eur. Pat. Appl. 11 pp.
Diss cobalt ion absorption kinetics and interactions with zinc and iron in the rat. 01431653 ORDER
NO: AADAA-I9529542
Diss comparative study of vertebrate collagenases from mammalian and amphibian sources. 910784
ORDER NO: AAD86-03803
Chem Meth complexes [metal-ammo acid] and their use as feed additives. Fr. Demande : 12pp..
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 84 June 2007
-------
Mix 1977. concentration of total zinc in some organs in rats. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Brno,
FacultasAgronomica 25(3): 139-143.
Diss copper absorption from the small intestine of the chicken (gallus domesticus) (metallothionein,
estrogen). 845064 ORDER NO: AAD84-12711
Diss copper and lead bioavailability from vegetarian and omnivore diets. 876996 ORDER NO:
AAD85-04816
Nut def 1983. copper deficiency and developmental emphysema. Nutrition Reviews 41(10): 318-20.
Diss copper deficiency in the rat-sex differences and the influence of dietary factors. 01095906
ORDER NO: AADDX-88033
Nut def 1985. copper deficiency induced by megadoses of zinc. Nutrition Reviews 43(5): 148-149.
Diss crystal structure of a zinc finger/dna complex: a framework for understanding how zinc fingers
recognize dna. 01183741 ORDER NO: AAD91-32704
Diss cytokine binding and scavenging functions of alpha-2-macroglobulin. 01386392 ORDER NO:
AADMM-88805
Diss development, characterization and initial analyses of cysteine-rich intestinal protein transgenic
mice (thyme, lymphocytes). 01598405 ORDER NO: AAD98-00090
Diss development of a cloning system for gene expression in pasteurella multocida|. 01295811
ORDER NO: AAD93-16820
Org Met development of a toxicant delivery system utilizing rodent grooming behavior (pest control).
01205488 ORDER NO: AAD92-07313
Diss development of gaba(b) binding site distribution and pharmacology in rat brain. 01371030
ORDER NO: AAD94-23334
Diss developmental regulation of metals by metallothionein: genetically altered mice as a model.
01652668 ORDER NO: AADMQ-28603
Unrel dietary supplement for preventing or reducing shedding of hair. PCTInt. Appl. 17pp..
Org Met dietary supplementation with essential metal picolinates. U. S. Pat. Appl. 14 pp. Avail. NTIS
Order No. PAT-APPL-176 234..
Diss the distribution and binding of zinc in the rat hippocampus. 835563 ORDER NO: AAD84-03127
Diss divergent effects of zinc, protein and energy deficiencies on skeletal muscle mass, muscle fiber
diameter and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration in growing rats . 01675181
ORDER NO: AADMQ-32222
Drug drugs for the treatment of skin disorders and tumors containing catecholic butanes and zinc
compounds. PCT Int. Appl. 88 pp.
Diss ecophysiology of the common cockle (cerastoderma edule 1.) in Southampton water, with
particular reference to pollution (england). 1092481 ORDER NO: AADDX-87466
Diss the effect of a zinc deficiency and alcohol intake during gestation in the rat. 0976109 ORDER
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 85 June 2007
-------
NO: AAD87-29637
Diss effect of cellular zinc concentration on glucocorticoid induced gene expression (steroid
hormones). 01503749 ORDER NO: AAD96-29153
Diss effect of chronic alcoholism on the metabolism of the trace elements zinc, copper and iron in
developing rats original title: efectos del alcoholismo cronico sobre el metabolismo de los
oligoelementos zinc, cobre y hierro en ratas en crecimiento. 1042300 ORDER NO: NOT
AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Diss the effect of chronic maternal ethanol consumption on maternal and fetal nutritional status and on
protein synthesis in the fetus (alcohol syndrome). 839365 ORDER NO: AAD84-06966
Diss the effect of dietary zinc deficiency of polyamines, polyphosphates and membrane skeleton
proteins in the rat erythrocyte. 01225235 ORDER NO: AADNN-67919
Diss the effect of e. coli endotoxin in the metabolic responses of wistar rats (escherichia coli).
7 018130 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Diss the effect of low dietary zinc on outcome of primary and challenge nematode infections in mice
(heligmosomoides polygyrus). 01248318 ORDER NO: AADMM-66413
Diss the effect of ovariectomy and dietary factors on bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis in rats.
952520 ORDER NO:AAD87-09460
Diss the effect of peripheral deafferentation on specific axonal systems and glial elements in the main
olfactory bulb of the rat. 01466062 ORDER NO: AADAA-IMM01871
Diss effect of selected dietary fibers on zinc availability in the rat. 865473 ORDER NO: AAD84-
26960
Diss effect of supplemental molybdenum on estrus activity, reproduction, molybdenum / copper
enzyme activity and tissue minerals in the sd rat. 103999 7 ORDER NO: AAD89-00934
Diss the effect of the anticarcinogenic drug 6-mercaptopurine on mineral metabolism. 0983591
ORDER NO: AAD87-29922
No COC effect of tylosin on the growth of early weaned pigs.
Diss effect of zinc deficiency on cadmium-induced immunopathology. 01271084 ORDER NO:
AADMM-68281
Diss the effect of zinc deficiency on platelet aggregation and platelet arachidonate metabolism.
794736 ORDER NO: AAD82-26178
Diss the effect of zinc deficiency on the growth promoting actions of growth hormone and insulin-like
growth factor-i. 01464918 ORDER NO: AADAA-IMM00009
Diss the effect of zinc nutriture on prostaglandin synthesis and fatty acid composition in rat testes.
842169 ORDER NO: AAD84-09575
Diss effect of zinc on immune function in young swine and on models of susceptibility to serpulina
hyodysenteriae infection. 01395106 ORDER NO: AAD95-03560
Diss effect of zinc on protein-energy malnutrition. 807129 ORDER NO: AAD83-07732
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 86 June 2007
-------
Diss the effects of a marginal deficiency of zinc in utero on growth and immune development in the
mouse: a possible model for normal term low birth-weight infants. 01126264 ORDER NO:
AAD13-40379
Diss effects of a running stress on vitamin a status in the rat (retinol-binding protein, liver, zinc,
electron microscopy). 889513 ORDER NO: AAD85-13334
Unrel 1978. effects of alcohol and zinc deficiency on two rat zincaustralia. Proceedings of the
Nutrition Society of Australia 3: 62.
Diss effects of alteration of the dietary amino acid balance on brain neurotransmitter concentrations and
patterns of growth and food intake in the chick. 1059965 ORDER NO: AADD-8503 7
Diss effects of amphetamine on isolation-induced aggression original title: efectos de la anfetamina
sobre la agresion inducida por aislamiento. 01154243 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE FROM
UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INTL.
Diss effects of developmental zinc deprivation on bone noncollagenous proteins and bone alkaline
phosphatase activity in rat pups. 1025324 ORDER NO: AAD88-11897
Diss effects of di-(2 ethylhexyl)phthalate and mono-ethylhexyl phthalate on male rodent gonad.
841324 ORDER NO: AAD84-07834
Diss the effects of dietary copper, iron, and zinc on the toxicity of lead in male rats. 549786 ORDER
NO: AAD76-02555
Diss effects of dietary fat levels and fat sources on growth and trace mineral deposition in young male
rats. 1022036 ORDER NO: AAD88-16364
Diss effects of dietary zinc deficiency and malnutrition on the t-lymphocyte zinc-finger protein
p56(lck) in mice. 01616250 ORDER NO: AADMQ-23380
Diss effects of dietary zinc manipulation on insulin action in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a study in the
db/db mouse. 01675208 ORDER NO: AADMQ-32249
Diss the effects of edta chelation therapy on plaque calcium and mineral metabolism in atherosclerotic
rabbits. 696421 ORDER NO: AAD80-21923
Rev 1979. effects of feeding dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3 omega 6) in man. Nutrition
Reviews 37(9): 286-288.
Diss the effects of heavy metal pollution on woodland leaf litter faunal communities. 1021498
ORDER NO: AADDX-82816
Diss effects of iron and zinc supplements on bioavailability of iron, copper, and zinc in young rats fed
high fiber diets. 816480 ORDER NO: AAD83-15632
Diss the effects of low-level lead exposure on the development of the preweanling rat. 935989
ORDER NO: AAD86-23785
Diss the effects of maternal dietary zinc deficiency on the growth and immunocompetence of suckling
a/jmice. 721745 ORDER NO: AAD13-19128
Diss effects of olfactory impairment on maternal behavior of female golden hamsters.
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 87 June 2007
-------
Diss the effects of postnatal zinc deficiency on spatial learning in rats. 01126547 ORDER NO:
AAD13-40717
Diss the effects of prenatal and postnatal zinc deficiency on development of long-term memory in the
rat. 693987 ORDER NO: AAD80-20378
Nut def effects of prenatal nutrition on learning and motivation in rats.| .
Diss the effects of radiation pasteurization on biochemical and mineral parameters in the blood and
livers of weanling rats fed soy, meat and soy-meat combination diets (food irradiation).
01628491 ORDER NO: AAD98-20665
Diss effects of subacute magnesium deficiency and soy protein isolate on growth and reproduction in
rats. 806683 ORDER NO: AAD83-06789
Diss effects of the antituberculous drug ethambutol on zinc balance, distribution, and turnover: short-
term studies modeling chronic toxicity. 095895 7 ORDER NO: AAD8 7-089 71
Diss effects of varying dietary zinc intake of mouse pups during recovery from early undernutrition .
942079 ORDER NO: AAD87-01702
Diss the effects of zinc and copper supplementation on blood lipids and trace minerals deposition of
young male rats fed either coconut oil or corn oil. 816484 ORDER NO: AAD83-15653
Diss the effects of zinc and copper supplementation on growth, lipid profiles, and trace mineral status
in young male rats (sprague dawley rats, liver status). 905248 ORDER NO: AAD85-29421
Diss effects of zinc and vitamin b-6 supplementation on growth and mineral deposition of young rats
fed various levels of protein. 851859 ORDER NO: AAD84-17904
Diss the effects of zinc deficiency on bone metabolism in the rat. 699595 ORDER NO: AAD80-
25491
Diss effects of zinc depletion and repletion during lactation on rat dams and their offspring. 914874
ORDER NO: AAD86-08485
Diss effects of zinc on cellular immunity, melanoma growth and metastasis in mice. 797024 ORDER
NO: AAD82-27880
Diss the effects of zinc on skeletal alkaline phosphatase activity and skeletal tissues. 01520491
ORDER NO: AAD96-39093
Diss effects of zinc phosphide treatments on hawaiian sugarcane rat populations (norway, Polynesian).
829022 ORDER NO: AAD83-27878
Diss the effects of zinc status on hepatic poly(adp-ribose) polymerase function in response to dna
damage. 01624917 ORDER NO: AADMQ-24472
Diss enhancement of site specific anaerobic reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls
(biodegradation). 01673607 ORDER NO: AAD99-09398
Mix enhancing zinc serum and tissue levels. S. African : 18 pp.
Abstract 1973. environmental and livestock production (continued); internationalagriculture; meat science
and muscle biology; non-ruminant nutrition;physiology. Journal of Animal Science 37: 227-
Eco-SSL for Zinc 88 June 2007
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364.
Diss an epidemiologic study of cellulitis in broiler chickens in southern Ontario (escherichia coli)|.
01499713 ORDER NO: AADNN-08581
Diss the epidemiology of toxascariasis and baylisascariasis in wild carnivores in captivity. UMI
Dissertation
Diss erythroid development and gata-1. 01420833 ORDER NO: AADAA-IC423078
Diss etiology and physiology of chemical-induced tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chickens].
01124219 ORDERNO:AAD90-27533
Diss experimental copper deficiency in the golden hamster and in healthy adult. 800202 ORDER
NO: AAD83-01960
Diss experimental copper deficiency in the golden hamster and in healthy adult men. 800202
ORDER NO: AAD83-01960
Diss an experimental study of alcoholism in rats: modification in the metabolism of zinc and its relation
with the morphological lesions in liver and testes original title: estudio experimental del
alcoholismo en ratas: alteraciones del metabolismo del zinc y su relacion con las lesiones en el
higado y los testiculos. 1042323 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY
MICROFILMS INTL.
Diss expression of mammalian metallothionein genes in escherichia coli and in saccharomyces
cerevisiae (metal-resistance). 0962006 ORDER NO: AAD87-18017
Diss factors affecting zinc retention in the rat. 0972319 ORDER NO: AAD87-27419
Diss fluoride, dentin apposition and dental caries in the rat (streptococcus sobrinus). 01496496
ORDER NO: NOT AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
FL 1983. forced moulting in layers. rapport d'activite 1981.
Belgium, Government Agricultural Research Centre, Ghent: 158-159.
Diss gastrointestinal response to copper excess: studies on copper (and zinc). 01256055 ORDER NO:
AADDX-97342
Diss genomic organization and expression of murine zinc finger genes. 01424221 ORDER NO:
AADAA-I9523248
Diss a guinea pig model for low-level lead toxicity during gestation (glutamine synthetase).
01184354 ORDER NO: AAD91-34030
Diss habitat affinity, populations, and control of black-tailed prairie dogs on the charles m. russell
national wildlife refuge (montana). 812685 ORDER NO: AAD83-13100
Diss half site, spacing and orientation: the dna binding specificity of nuclear receptors with zinc-fingers
(retinoid). 01474818 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9611474
Unrel 1977. handling calving difficulties. Rural Research (97): 21-24.
Diss hyaline cartilage and secondary bone matrix changes at zinc deficiency original title:
modificaciones producidas por la deficiencia de zinc en los componentes de la matriz del cartilage
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 89 June 2007
-------
hialino y del tejido oseo. 1042419 ORDER NO: NOT AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY
MICROFILMS INTL.
Diss hyperzincuria. 01424898 ORDER NO: AADAA -19524 703 \
Diss identification and characterization of krk-1, a novel kidney specific krab-domain containing zinc
finger protein (transcription factor). 01598926 ORDER NO: AAD98-00873
Diss an impairment in metabolic availability of vitamin a is associated with the onset of diabetes in bb
rats. 01708359 ORDER NO: AADMQ-40081
Diss inadequacy of phospholipid in the enterocyte: a primary biochemical defect responsible for
impaired vitamin a transport in zinc deficiency. 01414075 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9517446
Unrel 1979. increased dental caries in young rats suckled by zinc-deficient dams. Nutrition Reviews
37(7): 232-233.
Diss influence of chemical and environmental stresses on metal-binding proteins: species-dependent
effects. 1035265 ORDER NO: AAD88-20526
Diss the influence of dietary trace metals upon the enzymatic, neurochemical, and neuropathological
expression of aluminum neurotoxicity. 750288 ORDER NO: AAD81-15393
Diss the influence of dietary zinc and genetic factors on drug-induced malformations in rats and mice.
771822 ORDER NO: AAD82-05005
Diss the influence of environmental, nutritional, and management factors on feathering and incidence
of dermatitis of broiler chickens. 699794 ORDER NO: AAD80-26067
Diss influence of faba bean diets with different levels of zinc on nutritional status and immune response
in mice original title: influencia de la ingestion de dietas de vicia faba 1. con diferentes niveles de
zinc sobre el estado nutritive y la respuesta inmune de raton. 01140851 ORDER NO: NOT
AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
CP influence of inhibitors of protein synthesis on zinc metabolism. | au-n.j. 08903, usa. Proceedings
of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine\
Diss influence of zinc on the teratogenic and mutagenic potential of ethanol in mice. 693320 ORDER
NO: AAD80-18989
Diss influences of nutrition on immunity and resistance to murine viral hepatitis. 847132 ORDER
NO: AAD84-14279
Diss inhibited feathering, k(i) a sex-linked dominant gene in the turkey (meleagris gallopavo), genetics
and nutrition. 01492594 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9623309
No COC initial submission: reproductive and developmental toxicity screen of zinc 0,0' di-2-ethylhexyl
dithiophosphate in rats with cover letter dated 042094. EPA/OTS; Doc #88-940000235
Diss insulin as a regulator of protein-induced hypercalciuria. 1045886 ORDER NO: AAD89-053 72
Diss insulin-induced muscle membrane changes in a rat model for hypokalemic periodic paralysis
(inward rectifying, potassium channel, disease). 902588 ORDER NO: AAD85-29889
Not Avail intake of zinc sulphate in drinking water by grazing beef cattle. | .
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 90 June 2007
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Diss the interaction of dietary protein and zinc deficiencies with heligmosomoides polygyrus infection
in mice. 01464914 ORDER NO: AADAA-IMM00005
Diss interaction of phytic acid and zinc affecting copper bioavailability in rats. 917260 ORDER NO:
AAD86-07921
Diss interactions among silicon, copper, zinc, iron and ascorbic acid in the rat. 01482245 ORDER
NO: AADAA-I9613050
Diss interactions among zinc, copper, iron, manganese, and ascorbic acid in the Japanese quail (dietary
supplements, toxicity, perosis, trace elements, anemia). 887582 ORDER NO: AAD85-14498
Diss interactions of cadmium and zinc during pregnancy. 1046169 ORDER NO: AAD89-06090
CP interactions of cadmium, copper and zinc in animals chronically to low levels of dietary cadmium.
.| au-. Trace Element Metabolism in Man and Animals - 3
Rev 1985. interactions of dietary iron and zinc in the chick. Nutrition Reviews 43(4): 121-2.
Diss interrelationship of high zinc and high calcium in the maternal diet on the mineral composition of
brain and liver in the newborn, weanling and maternal rat. 392237 ORDER NO: AAD71-06354
Diss an investigation of growth, copper metabolism, and iron metabolism of rats fed high levels of zinc.
228757 ORDER NO: AAD60-03727
Diss investigations of zinc in taste perception, adolescent growth and zinc/fat interrelationships.
785 785 ORDER NO: AAD82-17516
No COC ionizing-radiation detector. Brit. UK Pat. Appl. 4pp.
Diss isolation and characterization of cdnas from mammary mrnas differently expressed in lethal milk
mutation mice (zinc deficiency). 01619733 ORDER NO: AAD98-15272
Diss 1912.Journal for Scientific Agricultural Research. Volume 24, Number 88, 1971
Diss kainic acid-induced hyperalgesia as a model for the study of chronic pain (fibromyalgia
syndrome). 01619561 ORDER NO: AAD98-15030
Diss kinetic studies on thermolysin. 777755 ORDER NO: AAD82-04866
Diss a kinetic study of zinc metabolism throughout the life cycle of the mouse. 0978962 ORDER
NO: AAD87-29965
Diss lead poisoning in swans cygnus olor. 01268158 ORDER NO: AADDX-93538
Diss lipid metabolism: interaction effects of dietary pectin, phytate, and calcium with zinc and copper
(hdl-cholesterol). 823743 ORDER NO: AAD83-21087
Diss mcm2 and mcm3, two homologous proteins with a cell cycle-dependent nuclear localization, are
important for ars function in yeast. 01200167 ORDER NO: AAD92-04082
Diss mechanisms of the zinc protective effects against carbon-tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. 771333
ORDER NO: AAD82-03738
Diss mechanistic and structural studies of mouse adenosine deaminase (charge stabilization, enzyme
Eco-SSL for Zinc 91 June 2007
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kinetics). 01572263 ORDER NO: AAD97-27606
EMM 1985. megadose zinc intakes impair immune-responses. Nutrition Reviews 43(5): 141-143.
Diss the metabolism of metallothionein in perinatal rat liver. 1070528 ORDER NO: NOT
AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Nut def metal propionates for use as animal feed supplements. U.S. 6 pp. Cont.-in-part of U.S. Ser. No.
315,557, abandoned. CODEN: USXXAM.
No COC 1985. metallothionein induction by ethanol. Nutrition Reviews. 43(3): 92-94.
Diss metallothionein, zinc, and androgen interactions in the rat prostate gland. 0976025 ORDER NO:
AAD87-29437
Diss mineral bioutilization as affected by sugars. 939551 ORDER NO: AAD86-29533
Not Avail mineral metabolism in relation to resistance of the body (ca, na and status in horses, calves and
piglets).
Diss mineral metabolism of rats and humans fed inorganic tin (zinc). 838455 ORDER NO: AAD84-
00491
Nut 1987. mobilization of tissue zinc for growth and reproduction. Nutrition Reviews 45(11): 346-
8.
Diss moessbauer diffraction studies of anisotropic crystals. 1001580 ORDER NO: AAD81-23 712
Diss molecular and genetic studies of ciliary neurotrophic factor (cntf, pzf). 01610526 ORDER NO:
AAD98-09802
Diss molecular studies of the phenylalanine-inhibited isozyme of 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-
phosphate synthase from escherichia coli (dahps(phe)).
Diss molybdenum requirement of rats (trace elements). 01160188 ORDER NO: AAD91-15361
Diss murine immune responses to herpes simplex virus-1 in relation to nutrition. 01146869 ORDER
NO: AAD91-06593
Diss murine model. 865959 ORDER NO: AAD84-28042]
Diss mutations within the eryl transcriptional unit are associated with juvenile lethality, neuromuscular
tremors and germ cell defects in jdf2 mutant mice and pigmentation abnormalities in p(x) and
p(m) alleles. 01695772 ORDER NO: AAD99-23343
No Oral nasally administrable compositions. Eur. Pat. Appl. 29 pp.
Diss neuronal plasticity in the hippocampal formation after selective hippocampal cell destruction
(sympathetic ingrowth). 839838 ORDER NO: AAD84-07825
Diss nmr structural studies of the lim domain only proteins: cysteine rich
protein and cysteine rich intestinal protein. 01454820 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9544012
Reg 1972 .Non-Ferrous Metals Industry. A ccomplishment Plan. Broad Objectives
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 92 June 2007
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Diss nutrient availability modulating physiology and pathogenicity of legionella pneumophila (iron
limitation, zinc metalloprotease, ph dependence). 01626190 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE
FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Diss nutrient interactions of lead and distribution, mobilization and adverse effects of prolonged
maternal lead stores. 1040850 ORDER NO: AAD89-03553
Nut 1980. nutrition classics, the american journal of physiology, volume 107, 1934, pages 146-156.
"zinc in the nutrition of the rat" by w.r. todd, c.a. elvehjem and e.b. hart. Nutrition Reviews
38(4): 151-4.
Acu nutritional supplementation for zinc and methionine by ingesting 1:1 zinc methionine complexes .
U.S. 5 pp. Cont.-in-part 3,941,818..
Diss the occurrence and toxicology of heavy metals in Chesapeake bay waterfowl (duck, clangula,
melanitta, hyemalis, deglandi, anas, platyrhynchos, rubripes, strepera, maryland, Virginia).
856378 ORDER NO: AAD83-12307
Diss of young male rats fed adequate and excess protein. 01090702 ORDER NO: AAD90-05827\
Diss olfactory and photoperiodic mediation of reproduction in the rat (rattus norvegicus). 846785
ORDER NO: AAD84-13535
Diss on the morphology of grain boundary segregation: effect of grain boundary structure in
aluminum-zinc alloys.
Diss oral dimercaptosuccinic acid and ongoing exposure to lead (chelation)|+. 01391103 ORDER
NO: AAD95-02198
Diss the parameters that influence reproductive success in congenic strains of house mice. 1045268
ORDER NO: AAD89-00907
Diss the pathogenesis of chemically induced pancreatic injury pancreatic injury . 01292096 ORDER
NO: AAD93-14086
Diss performance of broilers and layers fed crab meal and other substances for improving utilization of
diets containing whey or cellulose. 929314 ORDER NO: AAD86-19225
Diss perinatal and postweaning effects of the interaction between maternal ethanol ingestion and low
dietary zinc in the rat (caries). 844602 ORDER NO: AAD84-11475
No Oral pharmaceutical preparation containing vitamin b6. Eur. Pat. Appl. 13pp..
OAC Pharmaceuticals containing zinc salts and zinc chelates for the prevention of tissue damage caused
by free radicals. Eur. Pat. Appl. 46 pp.
Diss physiological effects of chitosan and chitorich(tm) on rats fed at two levels of lipid and fiber.
01617028 ORDER NO: AAD13-87791
Diss phytate, phytase, germination and zinc bioavailability from peas (processing, electron
microscopy). 904918 ORDER NO: AAD85-27116
Diss post-translational modifications and expression stability of gpi-anchored and secreted forms of a
recombinant metalloproteinase (glycosylphosphatidylinositol). 01631287 ORDER NO:
AADNO-25122
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 93 June 2007
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Diss poultry offal as a source of energy and protein in growing-finishing swine diets (lactobacillus
acidophilus, silage, viscera, zinc-65). 911526 ORDER NO: AAD86-06096
Rev 1983. poultry research centre report for the year ended 31st march 1982. UK, Agricultural
Research Council: xviii + 116pp.
Unrel preparation of a fruit nutrient "zengguosu" which can increase fruit production. Faming Zhuanli
Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu : 4 pp.
No Org preparation of biologic inorganic composite feed additive for animals and fowls. Faming
Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu : 48 pp.
Diss prevention of cadmium induced immunopathology by zinc in mice. 1057441 ORDER NO: NOT
A VAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INTL.
Diss prevention of silica urolithiasis (urolithiasis, sheep). 01223456 ORDER NO: AAD92-18298
Unrel protein-based thermoplastic chewable pet toy. PCTInt. Appl. 30 pp.
Diss proton transfer in catalysis by the carbonic anhydrases. 01690720 ORDER NO: AAD99-19557
Diss purification and characterization of pit viper venom components (e toxin, hemorrhagin,
crotamine, neurotoxin, rattlesnake). 926840 ORDER NO: AAD86-18067
Diss purification and properties of rat intestinal peptidyl dipeptidase a. 01159591 ORDER NO:
AADDX-92140
HHE purification, inhibition and mechanistic studies of clostridium histolyticum and human neutrophil
collagenases. 929270 ORDER NO: AAD86-19145
Diss rapid effects of dietary zinc on the epithelium of the small intestine in zinc deficient rats.
01557715 ORDER NO: AADMM-14384
Diss the rapid effects of dietary zinc on the structure and function of the lower gastrointestinal tract of
the rat. 01512429 ORDER NO: AADMM-09652
Diss reactive synaptogenesis in the dentate gyrus following entorhinal cortex/fimbria fornix
transections in adult rats (entorhinal cortex, fimbria fornix). 01408267 ORDER NO: AADAA-
10575709
Nut def 1979. reduction in hepatic phospholipid and protein-levels by zinc supplementation in rats given
ethanol and a choline-deficient diet. Pharmacologist 21: 262.
Diss regulation of hepatic glutaminase. 1064628 ORDER NO: AAD89-15087
Diss relationship between the concentration of intracellular divalent cations and excitotoxicity
(calcium, magnesium, zinc, glutamate). 01704096 ORDER NO: AAD99-28074
Diss relative bioavailability of different organic and inorganic zinc and copper sources in ruminants and
rats (lysine, methionine). 01469980 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9606713
FL 1984.Report on the Project Research 'Exposure to Environmental Radiation Due to Nuclear
Facilities'. Fiscal 1978-1982. NIRS-M-49
Diss
reversible chelation of bouton zinc: effects on hippocampal function measured behaviorally.
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
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June 2007
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1012779 ORDERNO:AAD88-11752
Diss the role of mouse adenosine deaminase in purine metabolism: physiological and mechanistic
aspects. 01409906 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9514209
Diss the role of the main and vomeronasal olfactory systems in the mediation of individual recognition
in spiny mice. 922167 ORDER NO: AAD86-16364
Diss role of the vomeronasal organ in murine priming and signalling chemocommunication systems.
738309 ORDER NO: AAD81-03936
Diss scientific basis for the use of cyanobacteria in bioremediation (synechococcus, heavy metals).
01463365 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9606027
Diss the search for a model to define the physiological interaction of zinc and epidermal growth factor
in the rat esophagus. 01557776 ORDER NO: AADMM-14458
Unrel SEM and Microprobe Analysis of Bone Response to Zinc-Amalgam Implants. Kept, for
Sep 75-Aug 77\ AU-Liggett, W. R. ; Brady, J. M. ; Customers); (703)605-6000 (Other Countries);
Fax at (703)321-8547; and Email at Orders@Ntis.Fedworld. Gov. NTISIs Located at 5285 Port
Royal Road, Springfield, VA, 22161, USA.
Diss the sensory regulation of maternal aggression in lactating norway rats (rattus norvegicus).
01408840 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9511978
Diss sequential changes in the buccal mucosa of zinc-deficient rats (mucosa).
Diss skeletal development and performance of broilers. 1080439 ORDER NO: AAD89-24144
Diss smooth muscle cells. 01456214 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9601699\
Diss solation and partial characterization of fetal hepatic metallothionein and its role during cadmium
exposure in late pregnancy. 754864 ORDER NO: AAD81-18418
Diss some effects of excess dietary zinc on iron-porphyrin compounds in the rat. 099850 ORDER
NO: NOT AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Diss specificity of transcriptional control in drosophila development (homeodomain). 01212813
ORDER NO: AAD92-10011
Diss the structural and functional studies of the major nucleocapsid protein of rous sarcoma virus].
1039675 ORDER NO: AAD88-20763
Diss structural determinants of catalysis and steroid binding in 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
01572088 ORDER NO: AAD97-27294
FL 1976. structural studies on des-pentapeptide (b26-30)-insulin. i. the preparation and properties of
des-pentapeptide-insulin. Scientia Sinica 19(3): 351-7.
Diss structure and function of the chicken gata-1 transcription factor (zinc fingers, dna binding
protein)|. 01470606 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9607650
Diss studies of age-related testicular and reproductive endocrine toxicity of di-n-butyl phthalate in rats
(testicular atrophy). 01164692 ORDER NO: AAD91-19954
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 95 June 2007
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Diss studies of select trace element nutrition upon cardiac electrical, morphometrical and ultrastructural
aspects of the rat and pig. 01377915 ORDER NO: AAD94-27827
Diss studies of specific ions on chromatin and dna structures (cations). 01351262 ORDER NO:
AAD94-11479
Diss studies of the effects of a range of dietary intakes of corn and olive oils and butter upon metabolic
responses to endotoxin, in the wistar rat. 01496091 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE FROM
UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Diss studies of the mechanisms of zinc uptake and homeostasis in rat intestine. 804855 ORDER NO:
AAD8 3-05 763
Diss studies on intestinal copper and zinc absorption in the rat (perfusion system, basolateral
membrane, metallothionein). 882096 ORDER NO: AAD85-10822
Diss studies on the action of pectin and guar gum in growth depression of chicks. 766383 ORDER
NO: AAD81-29959
Abstract studies on the importance of zinc for fetal development in swine, au-. (2p.): 32A.
Diss studies on the regulation of the bcl-6 proto-oncogene during embryonal development and
lymphoid functions. 01678187 ORDER NO: AAD99-10687
Nut def 1984.Studies Show Zinc Deficiency Retards Brain Development In Rats. NTISTech
Note
Diss study of cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors involved in the differential expression of
chicken u4 snrna genes (proximal palindrome binding factor). 01482688 ORDER NO: AADAA-
19613833
Diss a study of the human x-linked inhibitory apoptosis protein xiap and its murine homologue miap-3.
01672988 ORDER NO: AADNQ-32444
Diss a study of zinc concentration in hair as an indication of zinc imbalances. 755383 ORDER NO:
AAD81-19631
Diss sugar alcohols and mineral metabolism: an experimental study of the effect of dietary sugar
alcohols on the mineral, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the rat (polyol, xylitol, sorbitol).
1032557 ORDER NO: NOT AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Diss synthesis, antineoplastic activity and mode of action of novel styryl ketones. 801525 ORDER
NO: NOT AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Diss taste dysfunction in zinc-depleted rats. 0956399 ORDER NO: AAD87-12455
Diss teratogenic effect of calcium edetate (ca-edta) in rats and the protective effect of zinc. 768251
ORDER NO: AAD81-29606
Diss test sequencing as an effective approach to isolate cdnas coding for proteins putatively involved in
myocardial development. 01505742 ORDER NO: AADMM-07551
Nut therapeutic diet for dogs with lymphoma. PCTInt.Appl. 25pp..
Diss therapeutic management of avian lead intoxication (columba livia). 01400165 ORDER NO:
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 96 June 2007
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AAD95-05799
Diss tithiobiuret toxicity in the rat (delayed onset muscle weakness, antagonium, chelating agents,
refractoriness, neurotoxicity). 904749 ORDER NO: AAD85-22544
Diss toxic interactions among lead, zinc and cadmium with varying levels of dietary calcium and
vitamin d in rats. 530477 ORDER NO: NOT AVAILABLE FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS
INTL.
Diss toxicity of cadmium in pregnant rats fed a zinc-deficient diet. 512425 ORDER NO: AAD 74-
26758
Diss toxicity of cadmium to the developing lung. 775918 ORDER NO: AAD82-01418
No Oral 1977. toxicity of 1-mimosine and its chelate forming nature with metalkumamoto, japan.
KumamotoMedicalJournal 30(3): 101-110.
Diss trace element profile of b-16 murine melanoma by particle-induced x-ray emission analysis.
752168 ORDER NO: AAD81-15696
Rev 1973. tracing and treating mineral disorders in dairy cattle. (Book): 61pp.
Diss transcriptional repression and activation mediated by a new hela nuclear phosphoprotein p21/siir
(oncogene). 01487561 ORDER NO: AADAA-I9618604
Drug treatment of ocular disease by modulation of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitor. PCT
Int.Appl 19pp..
Rev tsca section 8(e) report- zinc dialkyldithiophosphates with attachment. EPA/OTS; Doc #88-
8100379
Diss ultrastructural and functional effects of lead poisoning on adult canine myocardium: assessment
of thiamin treatment (papillary muscle, zinc protoporphyrin, thiamin pyrophosphate, alad).
905404 ORDER NO: AAD86-00036
Diss an ultrastructural study of enameloid matrix formation and mineralization in a teleost, cichlasoma
cyanoguttatum, using selected experimental systems (odontogenesis, development, ameloblast).
836225 ORDER NO: AAD84-04689
Diss ultrastructure of keratinizing mucosa of rats fed a zinc-low diet. 334730 ORDER NO: AAD68-
16717
Diss uptake of stable isotopes as a method of labeling hair (copper, iron, zinc). 950219 ORDER NO:
AAD87-08664
Drug use of a texaphyrin in photodynamic therapy of melanoma and other pigment-related lesions.
PCT Int.Appl. 56pp.
Not Avail use of .alpha.-mercapto-.beta.-arylacrylic acids for increasing the zinc content in serum and
tissues. Ger. Offen. 17 pp.
Unrel 1982. Use of Isotopes to Detect Moderate Mineral Imbalances in Farm Animals. Results of a CO-
Ordinated Research Programme on the Use of Isotope Techniques for Detection of Moderate
Mineral Imbalances in Farm Animals Organized by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Isotope and
Radiation Applications of Atomic Energy for Food and Agricultural Development and Presented
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
97
June 2007
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at a Research CO-Ordination Meeting Held in Nicosia, Cyprus, 6-10 October 1980. IAEA-
TECDOC-267; CONF-8010327-
Diss vascular, nutritional and systemic aspects of zinc physiology: interactions with prostaglandins,
essential fatty acids and the pineal. 692894 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE FROM
UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INTL.
Unrel veterinary treatment of animals having demodectic mange. U.S. 3pp..
Nut def vitamin a metabolism during the repletion of zinc deficient rats.| au-.
Drug wound healing composition containing vitamin c, a zinc salt and a sulfur amino acid. U.S. 10
pp. Cont.-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 619,004, abandoned..
Nut def zinc - an essential element for hair growth, au-. Trace Element Metabolism
in Man and Animals - 3.
Rev 1983. zinc and benign postnatal seizures. Nutrition Reviews 41 (7): 211-213.
Unrel 1986. zinc and fetal alcohol syndrome - another dimension. Nutrition Reviews 44(11): 359-
360.
Diss zinc and prostaglandin interrelationship in metabolism. 758093 ORDER NO: AAD81-22541
Nut def 1969. zinc and reproduction. Nutrition Reviews 27(1): 16-8.
HHE zinc bioavailability from legumes in non-human primates (macaca fascicularis). 882142
ORDER NO: AAD85-10881
Drug zinc complex of poly ether antibiotic and its use. Ger. Offen. 83pp..
Rev 1978. zinc deficiency and bone metabolism in rats. Nutrition Reviews 36(5): 152-3.
Diss zinc deficiency changes oral fine structure and permeability to carbon-14 molecules of rabbit
periodontium. 759745 ORDER NO: AAD81-21687
Diss zinc deficiency: effect on insulin metabolism and hepatic insulin binding in pregnant rats and
fetuses] original title: deficiencia nutrional de zinc, efecto sobre la insulina y su interaccion con el
receptor hepatico en ratas gestantes y en sus fetos. 01140996 ORDER NO: NOT A VAILABLE
FROM UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INT'L.
Nut def 1976. zinc deficiency in pregnant, fetal and young rats. Nutrition Reviews 34(3): 84-6.
Diss zinc deficiency in the pregnant rat affects maternal and fetal metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty
acids. 01408183 ORDER NO: AADAA-INN92825
Nut def 1984. zinc-deficiency retards brain-development in rats. Journal Of The American Dietetic
Association 84(4): 457.
Prim 1985. zinc deprivation of pregnant monkeys. Nutrition Reviews 43(11): 353-6.
InVit 1969. zinc in relation to dna and rna synthesis in regenerating rat liver. Nutrition Reviews
27(7): 211-3.
Diss zinc in soybeans, chemical nature and bioavailability. 0996067 ORDER NO: AAD88-14495
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
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Abstract
FL
FL
Diss
1975. zinc in the drinking water. New Zealand Agriculturist 21(1): 5.
zinc kinetics and metabolism in rats fed diets with or without phyticacid. <. Document
Title>Trace Element Metabolism in Man and Animals - 3.
zinc metabolism in pigs. xiii. effect of biotin on the development ofzinc deficiency. <.
Document Title>Arsberetning 1977. Institut For animals; Sus Scrofa; Ungulates
zinc-methionine and avian cellular immunity (turkey).
19518343
01418639 ORDER NO: AADAA-
HHE [zinc oxide-eugenol as dental material (1)]. zinkoxid-eugenol als zahnarztlicher
werkstoff (teil 1)| au- than other dental materials, as they alleviate pain and are bacteriostatic and
antiseptic, they are well tolerated by patients, the cements are good insulators and possess better
sealing properties than zinc phosphate cements, because of their poor mechanic properties, the
conventional zinc oxide-eugenol cements are mainly used as temporary fixing contents and filling
materials, for gingival dressings and together with filling materials as impression materials.
recently, reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol cements and cements containing ethoxy benzoic acid (eba)
have been developed, these new cements have considerably better mechanic properties and are
therefore used for cement bases, indirect capping, long-term temporary fillings and in selected
cases as definite fixing cements.
HHE Aamodt, R. L., Rumble, W. F., and Henkin, R. I. 1983. zinc-absorption in humans - effects of
age, sex, and food. Acs Symposium Series 210: 61-82.
FL Abashidze, U. E. and Volkov, D. T. 1974. effect of various ration levels of zinc and magnesium
on calcium-dependent atpase activity in hen liver. Byull. Vses. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Fiziol.
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FL Abashidze, U. E. and Volkov, D. T. 1977. effect of zinc and magnesium in the ration on the
activity of some metal enzymes in tissues, on the productivity of chicks, and on production
quality. Tr. Vses. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Fiziol. Biokhim. Pitan. S-Kh. Zhivotn. 17: 93-103.
CP Abawi, F. G. and Sullivan, T. W. vitamin trace mineral and antibiotic supplementation of turkey
diets. 71ST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOCIATION, INC. POULT
SCI. 61 (7). 1982. 1403.
No COC Abbott, W. W. and Couch, J. R. the effects of zinc bacitracin upon broiler performance under
normal conditions and during severe outbreaks of avian encephalo myelitis. POULTRY SCI. 49
(5). 1970 1362-1363
Food Abd-El-Kader, M. M, Mekkawy, A. A., and Hegazi, S. M. National Research Centre Cairo Egypt.
1991. effect of dietary phytate and fibre on availability of iron, zinc and calcium of some common
foods consumed in egypt. Egyptian Journal of Food Science. V. 19(3) P. 279-291
No Dose Abdel Aziz, M. T., Khalil, A. M., El Harrizi, W. M., and Abdel Aziz, A. 1986. zinc, a
prophylactic measure against bilharziasis. Nutr. Rep. Int. 34(2): 255-61.
BioX Abdel Aziz, M. T., Tawadrous, G. A., El Harrizi, W. M., Atta, H. M., El Raziky, E., Khalil, A. M.,
and Darwish, A. H. effect of different levels of excess dietary zinc on bilharzial hepatic
fibrosis. Nutr. Rep. Int. (1988) 37(2): 319-34 .
Mix Abdel Fadil, Honsny and Abdel Magid, Sayedat. prophylactic role of dietary zinc against
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level of some elements in various tissues. ZagazigJ. Pharm. Sci. (1996) 5(2): 92-98 .
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FL Abdel-Hakim, N. F. Azhar Univ. Cairo Egypt Faculty of Agriculture, Amer, A. A., Attia, P.M.,
Aly, M. M. M., and Omera, M. I. 1985. performance of growing chicks as affected by zinc level
in the diet egypt. Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research. V. 4 P. 217-230
Nut def Abdel-Mageed, AsimB. and Oehme, Frederick W. the effect of various dietary zinc
concentrations on the biological interactions of zinc, copper, and iron in rats. Biol. Trace Elem.
Res. (1991) 29(3): 239-56 .
FL Abdel Samee, A. M. Suez Canal University El Arish Egypte Environmental Agricultural Sciences
College Animal Production Department. 1995. using some antibiotics and probiotics for
alleviating heat stress on growing and doe rabbits in egypt [avoparcin, flavomycin, zinc-bacitracin;
bospro (bs), lacto-sacc (Is)]. utilisation de quelques antibiotiques et probiotiques afin
d'eviter le stress du a la chaleur des lapines et des lapins en croissance en egypte [avoparcin,
flavomycin, zinc-bacitracin; bospro (bs), lacto-sacc (Is)]. World Rabbit Sciences. V. 3(3) P. 107-
111
CP Abdelsamei, A. H., Keshavarz, K., and Mccormick, C. C. effect of energy restriction and
supplemental dietary zinc on production performance of 3 3-week old single combe white leghorn
hens. 74THANNUAL MEETING OF THE POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOCIATION, INC. POULT
SCI. 64 (Suppl. 1). 1985. 51.
No Dose Abdulla, M., Svensson, S., Haeger-Aronsen, B., Mathur, A., and Wallenius, K. effect of age and
diet on delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in red blood cells. Enzyme (1978) 23(3): 170-5
CP Abdulla, M., Svensson, S., Mathur, A., and Wallenius, K. 1978. effect of age and diet on delta-
aminolevulinic acid dehydratase - a zinc dependent enzyme. Trace Elem. Metab. Man Anim.
Proc. Int. Symp., 3rd : Meeting Date 1977, 64-7. Editor(s): Kirchgessner, M. Publisher:
Arbeitskreis Tierernaehrungsforschung Weihenstephan Inst. Ernaehrungsphysiol., Freising-
Weihenstephan, Ger.
FL Abdullaev, D. V., Absalyamov, E. F., and Rish, M. A. 1979. parakeratosis in cattle (role of
vitamin a deficiency). Veterinariya, Moscow, USSR (5): 55-56.
Aquatic Abdullah, A. M. and Ireland, M. P. cadmium content, accumulation and toxicity in dog whelks
collected around the welsh coastline. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (1986) 17(12): 557-61.
Aquatic Abdullah, A. M. and Ireland, M. P. seasonal studies on cadmium concentration and toxicity,
oxygen consumption, digestive gland glycogen, and lipid in dog whelks collected at
aberystwyth, wales. Mar. Pollut. Bull. (1986) 17(12): 562-6 .
Aquatic Abdullah, A. M. and Ireland, M. P. seasonal studies on cadmium concentration and toxicity
oxygen consumption digestive gland glycogen and lipid in dog whelks collected at aberystwyth
wales uk. MAR POLLUT BULL. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 17 (12). 1986 (Reed. 1987). 562-
566.
No COC Abdulrahim, S. M. 1995. effect of supplementing the feed with zinc bacitracin on
broilersperfomance. Dirasat. Series B, Pure and Applied Sciences 22(4): 69-80.
No COC Abdulrahim, S. M., Haddadin, M. S. Y., Odetallah, N. H. M., and Robinson, R. K. 1999. effect
of lactobacillus acidophilus and zinc bacitracin as dietary additives for broiler chickens. British
Poultry Science. 40(1): 91-94.
No COC Abdulrahim, S. M(A), Haddadin, M. S. Y(A), Hashlamoun, E. A. R(A), and Robinson, R. K.
1996. the influence of lactobacillus acidophilus and bacitracin on layer performance of chickens
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No COC
Nut def
FL
BioX
Drug
FL
Diss
Not Avail
InVit
InVit
No Dose
Fate
InVit
HHE
and cholesterol content of plasma and egg yolk. British Poultry Science 37(2): 341-346.
Abdulrahim Shakib M. 1995. effects of supplementing the feed with zinc bacitracin on broiler
performance. Dirasat Series B Pure and Applied Sciences 22(4): 1141-1152.
Abe, Hiroki and Tomita, Hiroshi. experimental studies of taste disturbance due to food additives.
Nihon Univ. J. Med. (1987) 29(1): 25-34 .
Abe, Kazuo. studies on the effects of zinc compounds on the bone growth in rats . ii. effect of
zinc compounds on bone metabolism in weanling rats. Gifu Daigaku Igakubu Kiyo (1995)
43(2): 299-305 .
Abel de la Cruz, A. J. M., Burguera, J. L., Burguera, M., and Anez, N. 1993. changes in the total
content of ion, copper, and zinc in serum, heart, liver, spleen, and skeletal muscle tissues of rats
infected with trypanosoma cruzi. Biological Trace Element Research. 37(1): 51-81.
Abel, E. L. and Reddy, P. P. 1997. prenatal high saturated fat diet modifies behavioral effects of
prenatal alcohol exposure in rats. Alcohol 14(1): 25-9.
Abolin'sh, A. F. 1989. effect of different sources of copper and zinc on the concentration
of copper in blood and on fertility in lactating cows. Byulleten' Vsesoyuznogo Nauchno-
Issledovatel'Skogo Instituta Fiziologii, Biokhimii i Pitaniya Sel'Skokhozyaistvennykh Zhivotnykh
(1(97)): 45-47.
Abou-EL-Fetouh, M. S. 1985. pathological experimental studies on rodenticides (zinc phosphide
and endrin) toxicosis in albino rate and rabbits [egypt]. 119 P.
Abou-Zeid, A. E., Mohamed, F. F., and El-Soud, S. B. A. 1999. impact of vitamin c and/or zinc
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Abraham, N. G. and Kappas, A. 1997. metals as regulators of the biological and physiological
roles of heme oxygenase. Trace Elem. Man Anim.—9 Proc. Int. Symp., 9th : Meeting Date
1996, 372-376. Editor(s): Fischer, Peter W. F. Publisher: National Research Council of Canada,
Ottawa, Ont.
Abrahams, I. L., Bremner, L, Diakun, G. P., Garner, C. D., and Hasnain, S. S. structural study of
the copper and zinc sites in metallothioneins using extended x-ray absorption fine structure.
Report (1985) DL/SCI/P-489E, HASN-85/470; Order No. PB86-180395/GAR, Avail: NTISFrom:
Gov. Rep. Announce. Index
Abrahams, I. L., Bremner, L, Diakun, G. P., Garner, C. D., and Hasnain, S. S. 1985.Structural
Study of the Copper and Zinc Sites in Metallothioneins Using Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine
Structure. DL/SCI/P-489E; HASN-85/470
Abrahams, I. L., Bremner, L, Diakun, G. P., Garner, C. D., Hasnain, S. S., Ross, L, and Vasak, M.
1986. structural study of the copper and zinc sites in metallothioneins by using extended x-ray-
absorption fine structure. Biochemical Journal 236(2): 585-9.
Abrahams, lanL., Bremner, Ian, Diakun, Gregory P., Garner, C. David, Hasnain, S. Samar, Ross,
Ian, and Vasak, Milan, structural study of the copper and zinc sites in metallothioneins by using
extended x-ray-absorption fine structure. Biochem. J. (1986) 236(2): 585-9.
Abreu, Mario, food use of pollen in relation to human nutrition.
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HHE Abu-Assal, M. J. and Craig, W. J. 1984. the zinc status of pregnant vegetarian women. NUTR
REP INT. Nutrition Reports International. 29(2): 485-494.
Phys Abu-el-Zahab, H. S., Abdel Aal, W. E., Awadallah, R., Mikhail, T. M., and Zakaria, K. 1991. the
correlation between serum total cholesterol and some trace elements in serum, liver and heart of
rats fed high cholesterol diet. DieNahrung 35(8): 827-34 .
Nut Abu-Serewa, S. and Karunajeewa, H. a comparison of methods for rehabilitating aging hens.
AUST J EXP AGRIC. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 25(2). 1985.320-325.
FL Aceves Lopez, Ana Bertha, Buntinx Dios, Silvia Elena, Aguirre Garcia, Maria Antonieta,
Paniagua Vazquez, Jose Luis, and Rosiles Martinez, Rene. 1998. [effect of breed and type of
lambing on the concentration of copper and zinc in blood, milk and wool of penned sheep under
restricted feeding]. efecto de la raza y el tipo de parto en la concentracion de cobre y
cine en sangre, leche y lana de ovejas en confinamineto bajo restriccion alimenticia. Veterinaria
Mexico. V. 29(4) P. 313-321
Rev Ackerman, L. 1987. nutritional supplements in canine dermatoses. Canadian Veterinary
Journal 28(1/2): 29-32.
No Dose Ackerman, N., Spencer, C. P., Sundlof, S. F., and Partridge, H. L. 1990. zinc toxicosis in a dog
secondary to ingestion of pennies. Veterinary Radiology 31(3): 155-157.
No Oral Ackland, M. Leigh and Mercer, Julian F. B. the murine mutation, lethal milk, results in
production of zinc-deficient milk. J. Nutr. (1992) 122(6): 1214-18.
Nut def Acuff-Smith, K. D., Keen, C. L., Rogers, J. M., and Daston, G. P. induction of metallothionein
(mt) mrna in liver and yolk sac of rats after exposure to urethane during mid-gestation.
Teratology 1994 May; 49 (5): 396
Nut def Acuff-Smith, K. D., Rogers, J. M., Keen, C. L., and Daston, G. P. toxicant-induced maternal-
embryonic zn deficiency causes excess cell death in rat embryos. Teratology 1995
Mar;51(3):171
No Oral Adam, A. L(A), Bestwick, C. S., Barna, B., and Mansfield, J. W. 1995. enzymes regulating the
accumulation of active oxygen species during the hypersensitive reaction of bean to pseudomonas
syringae pv. phaseolicola. Planta (Heidelberg) 197(2): 240-249.
Bio Ace Adam, J. and Pinta, M. 1986. tibial dyschondroplasia of broilers, syndrome of s-shaped tibias.
Bulletin Mensuel De La Societe Veterinaire Pratique De France 70(7): 425-428.
Mix Adam, S. E. 1999. experimental rhazya stricta toxicosis in rats. Veterinary and Human
Toxicology 41(1): 5-8.
Bact Adami Annunciata and Cavazzoni Valeria(A). 1999. occurrence of selected bacterial groups in
the faeces of piglets fed with bacillus coagulans as probiotic. Journal of Basic Microbiology
39(1): 3-9.
Unrel Adamopoulos, D. A., Kontogeorgos, L., Vassilopoulos, P., Kapolla, N., Stathopoulos, E., and
Nicopoulou, S. 1992. effects of induced peripheral anosmia on gonadal maturation in prepubertal
male rabbits. International Journal of Andrology 15(3): 246-54.
In Vit Adams, D. A., Freauff, S. J., and Erickson, K. L. plasma membrane isolation and fatty-acid
analysis of membrane lipids from murine lymphocytes. Analytical Biochemistry. 144(1). 1985.
228-232.
Eco-SSL for Zinc 102 June 2007
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CP Aisen, P., Harrison, P. M, Banyard, S. H., Hoare, R. J., Russell, S. M, Treffry, A.,
Drysdale, J. W., Baum, H., Pollak, J. K., Jacobs, A., Neilands, J. B., Brown, E. B., Ricketts, C.,
Cavill, I., Ponka, P., Neuwirt, J., Borova, J., Fuchs, O., Youdim, M. B. H., Green, A. R., Woods,
H. F., Boullin, D., Callender, S., Chandra, R. K., Au, B., Willson, R. L., Woodford, G., Hyam, P.,
Hoffbrand, A. V., Konopka, L., lancu, T. C., Neustein, H. B., Landing, B. H., Peters, T. J., Selden,
C., and Seymour, C. A. 1977. iron metabolism. (Book): viii +391pp.
CP Ashiru, O. A., Blake, C. A., Axelson, J. F., Gerall, A., Albers, H. E., Bahr, J., Dial,
O. K., Ramaley, J., Batta, S. K., Guthrie, H. D., Pursel, V. G., Basuray, R., Belanger, A., Auclair,
C., Caron, S., Berardinelli, J. G., Butcher, R. L., Berman, M. L, Berrios, M., Bedford, J. M., Bill,
C. H. II., Greenwald, G. S., Blazak, W. F., Fechheimer. N. S., Bleau, G., Perrault, A., Jean, Y.,
Bousquet, D., Bradford, M. M., McRorie, R. A., Campbell, C. M., Idler, D. R., Campbell, K. L.,
Carey, J. E., Olds-Clarke, P., Carlson, J. C., Buhr, M. M., Thompson, J. E., Carr, W. R., Land, R.
B., Centola, G. M., Anderson, L. D., Channing, C. P., Stone, S. L., Fowler, S., Edelson, S.,
Schwartz-Kripner, A., Chappel, S. C., Chen, T. T., Harwood, J. P., Catt, K. J., Ciaccio, L. A.,
Lisk, R. D., Clegg, E. D., Stringham, R. W., Coquelin, A., Branson, F. H., Crim, L. W., Cunnane,
S. C., Horrobin, D. F., Sella, G. E., Cusan, L., and Pelletier, G. 1979. twelfth annual meeting,
august 21-24, 1979, society for the study ofreproduction, laval university, quebec, Canada.
abstracts. Biology of Reproduction 20(Supplement 1): 140pp.
CP Beyazova, U., Yetgin, S., Yegin, O., Ersoy, F., Berkel, I., Gibbs, J. H., Baum, J. D.,
David, L., Betend, B., Evrard, A., Francois, R., Exner, G. U., Prader, A., Elsasser, U., Anliker, M.,
Vainsel, M., Danks, D. M., Camakaris, J., Stevens, B. J., Matthieu, J. M., Langslet, A., Refsum,
H., Peltonen, R., Urponen, H., Peltonen, T., Schultz, K., Mestyan, J., Soltesz, G., Soevik, O.,
Finne, P. H., Turcan, D., Rawlings, G., Stewart, A., Scopes, J. W., Pearse, R. G., Taylor, A.,
Dumont, G., Hanefeld, F., Rating, D., Schneider, H., Svennerholm, L., Foss, I., Trygstad, O.,
Reichelt, K., Heird, W. C., Rassin, D., Gaull, G. E., Martinez, M., Ballabriga, A., Sternowsky, H.
J., Heigl, K., Timonen, E., Kouvalainen, K., Akerblom, H. K., Principi, N., Giunta, A., Gervasoni,
A., and Jonxis, J. H. P. 1977. ninth annual meeting: the european society for pediatric
research,fondazione cini - isola di san giorgio, venice, italy, September 7-10,1977. Pediatric
Research 11(9,11): 1011-1029.
CP Bieber, M. A., Bassi, J. A., Brasel, J. A., Heird, W. C., Nelson, M. F., Kwong, E.,
Barnes, R. H., Smith, B. A., Jansen, G. R., Zamenhof, S., Marthens, E. van, Lo, G. S., Dykstra, M.
L., Longenecker, J. B., Ruttenberg, H., Squibb, R. L., Metcoff, J., Costiloe, P., Crosby, W.,
Sandstead, H., McClain, P., Vobecky, J. S., Vobecky, J., Shapcott, D., Demers, P. P., Louie, S. K.,
Lewis, J. S., Louie, J. M., Dell, M. F., Bayley, H. S., Atkinson, J. L., Hill, D. C., Maher, R. W.,
Gass, G. H., Lundgren, D. W., Oka, T., Dutta, P., Fahim, M., Flynn, M., Lederman, S. A., Rosso,
P., Portala, M. L., Rio, M. E., Sanahuja, J. C., Fosmire, G. J., Buell, S. J., Sandstead, H. H.,
Bertrand, H. A., Masoro, E. J., Yu, B. P., Miller, D., Hanson, W., Schedl, H., Osborne, J., Reeves,
R. D., Dickinson, L., Lee, J., Kilgore, B., Branham, B., Elders, M. J., Borum, P. R., and Broquist,
H. P. 1977. federation of american societies for experimental biology; 61st annualmeeting,
Chicago, illinois april 1-8, 1977. nutrition anddevelopment. Federation Proceedings 36(3):
1108-1109, 1128-1129.
CP Dreosti, I. E., Manuel, S. J., Fraser, F. J., Buckley, R. A., Record, I. R., Bell, R. R.,
Spickett, J. T., White, C. L., Reilly, C., Strauss, B. J., Hunt, P. S., Wahlqvist, M. L., Korman, M.
G., Brodie, G. N., Setiadi, H., Powles, J., Williams, D. R. R., Roberts, D. C. K., Wolfe, B. M.,
Giovannetti, P. M., Cheng, D. C. H., Carroll, K. K., Collier, G., O'Dea, K., Nestel, P., Sullivan, D.
R., Truswell, A. S., Mclntosh, G. H., Illman, R. J., Topping, D. L., Sinclair, A. J., Slattery, W.,
Fenwick, D. E., Oakenfull, D. G., Billington, T., Wailes, A., Tomas, F. M., Pope, L. M., Duncan,
S. J., Jones, G. P., Stewart, A. J., Oliphant, R. C., Simons, L. A., Jones, A. S., Blau, G., Flint, D.
M., Mclnnis, D. L., and Balazs, N. D. 1980. fifth annual conference, melbourne, victoria,
november 1980. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia 5: 220 pp.
CP Harju, E., Stolley, H., Schlage, C., Decker, K., Dotis, Glatzle, D., Hinselmann, M.,
Eco-SSL for Zinc 103 June 2007
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Boni, H., Wassmer, A., Brabacher, G., Ritzel, G., Kramer, U., Bitsch, R., Hotzel, D., Pietrzik, K.,
Pollitt, N. T., Salkeld, R. M., Dersi, A., Jagerstad, M, Kallner, A., Hartmann, D., Hornig, D.,
Aldashev, A., Jaus, H., Sturm, G., Grassle, B., Romen, W., Siebert, G., Abdulla, M., Norden, A.,
Qvist, I., Svensson, S., Habermann, J., Horn, K., Scriba, P. C., Parry, W. H., Rudas, B., Prokop,
K., Prosenbauer, G., and Hruby, J. 1977. second european nutrition conference, munich,
September 14-17, 1976.short communications, dietary recommendations. Nutrition and
Metabolism 21(Suppl. 1): 13-53.
CP Kleinwort, E. J., Speer, V. C., Ai, C., Magee, W. T., Miller, E. R., Ekstrom, K. E.,
Benevenga, N. J., Grummer, R. H., Ely, W. T., Covert, R. L., Ullrey, D. E., Harrington, D. D.,
Hammell, D. L., Hays, V. W., Cromwell, G. L., Hitchcock, J. P., and Orr, D. E. 1972. abstracts
of papers to be presented at the meeting of the midwesternsection, asas, november 24 and 25,
1972, Chicago, illinois. Journal of Animal Science 35(5): 1087-1136.
CP Lohrey, E., Gray, L, Hughes, R., Creamer, L. K., Matheson, A. R., Lohrey, E. E.,
Ruiz, L. P. Jr., Harris, P. M., James, K. A. C., Hove, E. L., Richold, M., Robinson, M. F., Casey,
C. E., McKenzie, J. M., Rij, A. M. van, Rea, H., Goulding, A., McChesney, R., Grigor, M. R.,
Robinson, A. M., Wright, D. E., Payne, E., Kirton, A., Pyle, C., Aitken, W. M., Birkbeck, J. A.,
Truswell, A., Thomas, B. J., McClean, H. E., Beaven, D. W., and Christie, K. J. 1976. nutrition
society of new Zealand, 11th annual conference, february 3-51976, massey univ., palmerston
north, abstracts of research reportsand current topics. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of
New Zealand 1: A1-A15.
CP McDaniel, G. R., Coleman, M. A., McGibbon, W. H., Martin, G. A., West, J. R.,
Morgan, G. W., Mashaly, M. M., Proudman, J. A., Wentworth, B. C., Menge, H., Frobish, L. T.,
Miller, P. C., Sunde, M. L., Mitchell, R. L., Buckland, R. B., Kennedy, B. W., Nordskog, A. W.,
Sato, M., Oderkirk, A. H. F., Ogasawara, F. X., Fuqua, C. L., Tripathi, K. C., Opel, H., McGuire,
S. R., Arcos, M., Palafox, A. L., Scott, J. T., Creger, C. R., Sexton, T. J., Fewlass, T. A., Sibblies,
F. A., Verma, O. P., Maloney, M. A., Briles, C. O., Simpson, S. W., Goodwin, T. L., Siopes, T.
D., Wilson, W. O., Smyth, J. R. Jr., Classen, H. L., Somes, R. G. Jr., Stadelman, W. J., Stone, H.
A., Thomas, W. G., Bray, D. J., Touchburn, S. P., Broadbent, A. B., Westfall, F. D., Howarth, B.
Jr., Wolff, E., Woodard, A. E., Abplanalp, H., Snyder, R. L., Borelli, J., Yu, W. C. Y., Burke, W.
H., Zavos, P. M., Hanson, R., and Graham, E. F. 1976. 65th annual meeting of the poultry
science association (continuation). Poultry Science 55: 2004-2111.
CP Sae-Eung, P., Dryden, P., Briggs, D. R., Jones, G. P., Read, R. S. D., Reilly, C.,
Harrison, F., Samman, S., Roberts, D. C. K., Helman, A. D., Danesi, C. J., McLennan, E. A.,
Pargeter, K. A., and Burke, L. 1983. proceedings of the 8th annual conference, brisbane,
queensland,november 1983. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia 8: xi +216pp.
Plant Tiller, K., Chamel, A., Gambonnet, B., Garcia, G., L'Annunziata, M. F., Ortega, M.
L., Alvarado, R., D'Souza, T. J., Mistry, K. B., and Gissel-Nielsen, G. 1979. micronutrients.
international atomic energy agency: isotopes andradiation in research on soil-
plant relationships. International Atomic Energy Agency : 359-434.
CP Winge, D. R., Premakumar, R., Everett, G. A., Apgar, J., Evans, G. W., Johnson, P.
E., Turk, D. E., Sobocinski, P. Z., Canterbury, W. I, Mapes, C. A., Greeley, S., Fosmire, G. J.,
Ritchey, S. J., Korslund, M. K., Ramachandran, C. K., Shah, S. N., Ellis, R., Morris, E. R.,
Squibb, K. S., Feldman, S. L., Cousins, R. J., Calhoun, N. R., Howard, M. P., McDaniel, E. G.
Smith J. C. Jr., Eckhert, C. D., Duncan, J. R., Sloan, M. V., Hurley, L. S., Matson, C. F.,
Sobocinski, P. Z., Abraham, C., Hathcock, J. N., Song, M. K., Adham, N. F., Rumble, W. F.,
Aamodt, R. L., Henkin, R. L, Bodzy, P. W., Freeland, J. H., Eppright, M. A., Tyree, A., Hsu, J.
M., Anthony, W. L., Butler, L. C., Taylor, M. L., McCurdy, P. R., Mahmood, L., Powanda, M. C.,
Dinterman, R. E., Hauer, E. C., Rabbani, P., and Prasad, A. S. 1977. federation of american
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Nut def Beach, R. S., Gershwin, M. E., and Hurley, L. S. 1982. reversibility of development retardation
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Nut def Beach, Richard S., Gershwin, M. Eric, and Hurley, Lucille S. dietary zinc modulation of
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Nut def Beach, Richard S., Gershwin, M. Eric, and Hurley, Lucille S. 1982. gestational zinc deprivation
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Nut def Beach, Richard S., Gershwin, M. Eric, and Hurley, Lucille S. growth and development in
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Nut def Beach, Richard S., Gershwin, M. Eric, and Hurley, Lucille S. nutritional factors and
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Nut def Beach, Richard S., Gershwin, M. Eric, and Hurley, Lucille S. nutritional factors and
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Nut def Beach, Richard S., Gershwin, M. Eric, and Hurley, Lucille S. nutritional factors and
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Nut def Dreosti, I. E. and Hurley, L. S. 1975. depressed thymidine kinase activity in zinc-deficient rat
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Nut def Dreosti, I. E., Record, I. R., and Manuel, S. J. 1985. zinc deficiency and the developing embryo.
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Nut def Fosmire, G. J. and Sandstead, H. H. alterations in protein synthesis in heart liver and kidney of
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CP Fosmire, G J and Sandstead, H H. effects of zinc deficiency on compositional development and
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CP Fosmire, G. J. and Sandstead, H. H. 1976. regional variation in brain-development in response to
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Abstract Fosmire, G. J. and Sandstead, H. H. some effects of zinc deficiency on post natal cerebellar
development in the rat. FED PROC. Federation Proceedings. 33 (3 Part 1). 1974 662
Nut def Fosmire, Gary J., Fosmire, Mary Ann, and Sandstead, Harold H. zinc deficiency in the weanling
rat . effects on liver composition and polysomal profiles. J. Nutr. (1976) 106(8): 1152-8.
Nut def Fosmire, Gary J., Greeley, Sharon, and Sandstead, Harold H. maternal and fetal response to
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Nut def Fosmire, Gary J. and Sandstead, Harold H. effects of zinc deficiency on compositional
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FL Fosse, G. and Justesen, N. P. B. 1978. zinc and copper in bone and teeth of mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 12(2): 111-120.
Bio Ace Fosse, Gisle and Justesen, Nils Fetter Berg, zinc and copper in bone and teeth of mice . Int. J.
Environ. Stud. (1978) 12(2): 111-20.
No COC Foster, P. M., Thomas, L. V., Cook, M. W., and Walters, D. G. 1983. effect of di-n-pentyl
phthalate treatment on testicular steroidogenic enzymes and cytochrome p-450 in the rat.
Toxicology Letters 15(2-3): 265-71.
No COC Foster, P. M. D., Foster, J. R., Cook, M. W., Thomas, L. V., and Gangolli, S. D. changes in
ultrastructure and cytochemical localization of zinc in rat testis following the administration of di-
npentyl phthalate. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 63(1). 1982. 120-132.
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No Oral Foster, P. M. D., Thomas, L. V., Cook, M. W., and Gangolli, S. D. 1980. study of the testicular
effects and changes in zinc excretion produced by some n-alkyl phthalates in the rat.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY 54(3): 392-398.
No COC Foster, W. H. 1978. an evaluation of food additives for broiler production. British Poultry
Science 19(1): 55-59.
No COC Foster, W. H. a practical evaluation of 5 food additives likely to be used as growth promoters in
broiler rations. British Poultry Science. 13 (2). 1972 123-131.
No COC Foster, W. H. and Stevenson, M. H. 1983. the interaction of food additives and protein content in
broiler diets. British Poultry Science 24(4): 455-62.
CP Fournie-Zaluski, M. C., Soleilhac, J. M., Turcaud, S., Lai-Kuen, R., Crine, P., Beaumont, A., and
Roques, B. P. 1992. development of [125i]rbl04, a potent inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase
24.11, and its use in detecting nanogram quantities of the enzyme by "inhibitor gel
electrophoresis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of
CP Fournie-Zaluski, M. C., Soleilhac, J. M., Turcaud, S., Lai-Kuen, R., Crine, P., Beaumont, A., and
Roques, B. P. development of iodine-125 rb!04 a potent inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase 24.11
and its use in detecting nanogram quantities of the enzyme by inhibitor gel electrophoresis.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (14). 1992.
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FL Fournier, P. and Digaud, A. 1969. [effects in rats of simultaneous ingestion of lactose and 65zn
on the absorption and retention of this element]. effets chez le rat de 1'ingestion
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Hebdomadaires Des Seances De L'Academie Des Sciences.
FL Fournier, P. and Digaud, A. 1971. [influence in the rat of the ingestion of lactose simultaneously
with 65zn, on the utilization of this element]. influence chez le rat de 1'ingestion de
lactose, simultanement avec du 65zn, sur 1'utilisation de cet element. Comptes Rendus
Hebdomadaires Des Seances De L'Academie Des Sciences.
Acu Fournier, Paul and Digaud, Alice. 1969. effects of simultaneous ingestion of lactose and zinc-65
on the absorption and retention of zinc in rats. C. R. Acad. Sci. Ser. D 269(20): 2001-3.
Rev FOX, M. effect of essential minerals on cadmium to xicity: a review. J FOOD SCI; 39 (2). 1974
321-324.
No COC Fox, M. R. 1975. protective effects of ascorbic acid against toxicity of heavy metals. Annals of
the New York Academy of Sciences 258: 144-50.
Abstract Fox, M. R. S., Fry, B. E. Jr, Schertel, M. E., and Harland, B. F. reduction of cadmium toxicity by
dietary ascorbic-acid. FED PROC. Federation Proceedings. 29 (2). 1970 298
CP Fox, M. R. S., Tao S-H, Fry, B. E. Jr, Johnson, M. L., and Lee, Y. H. phytate zinc-magnesium
interactions and bone development. 71ST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF
AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA,
MARCH 29-APRIL 2, 1987. FED PROC. 46 (3). 1987. 884.
Rev Fox, M. R. Spivey. 1975. protective effects of ascorbic acid against toxicity of heavy metals.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 258: 144-50.
Mix Fox, M. R. Spivey, Jacobs, R. M., Jones, A. O. Lee, and Fry, Bert E. Jr. 1979. effects of
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nutritional factors on metabolism of dietary cadmium at levels similar to those of man.
Environ. Health Perspect. (28): 107-14.
CP Fox, M. R. Spivey, Tao, S. H., and Fry, B. E. Jr. atypical zinc deficiency in Japanese quail
fed two soy products. Trace Elem. ManAnim. — TEMA 5 Proc. Int. Symp., 5th (1985):
Meeting Date 1984, 225-8. Editor(s): Mills, C. F.; Bremner, I.; Chesters, J. K. Publisher: CAB,
Farnham Royal, Slough, UK..
Mix Fox, M. R. Spivey, Tao, Shyy Hwa, Stone, Charles L., and Fry, Bert E. Jr. 1984. effects of zinc,
iron and copper deficiencies on cadmium in tissues of Japanese quail. Environ. Health
Perspect. 54: 57-65
CP FOX, M. RS, TAO, S. H., FRY, B. E JR, and HAMILTON, R. P. 1980. interactions among zinc
iron manganese copper and magnesium. 64TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FED. AM. SOC.
EXP. BIOL.
Unrel Fox, Thomas E., Fairweather-Tait, Susan J., Eagles, John, and Wharf, Gabrielle. assessment of
zinc bioavailability: studies in rats on zinc absorption from wheat using radio- and stable isotopes.
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Nut def Fraker, P. and King, L. 1998. changes in regulation of lymphopoiesis and myelopoiesis in the
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Nut def Fraker, P. J., DePasquale-Jardieu, P., Zwickl, C. M., and Luecke, R. W. 1978. regeneration of t-
cell helper function in zinc-deficient adult mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States America 75(11): 5660-5664.
Nut def Fraker, P. J., Depasquale-Jardieu, P., Zwickl, C. M., and Luecke, R. W. regeneration of thymus
derived cell helper function in zinc deficient adult mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States of America. 75 (11). 1978. 5660-5664.
Rev Fraker, P. J., Gershwin, M. E., Good, R. A., and Prasad, A. 1986. interrelationships between zinc
and immune function. Federation Proceedings - Federation Of American Societies For
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Nut def Fraker, P. J., Jardieu, P., and Cook, J. 1987. zinc deficiency and immune function. Archives of
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Nut def Fraker, P. J., King, L., and Garvy, B. 1993. alteration of lymphopoiesis by zinc deficiency: a
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Nut def Fraker, P. J., King, L. E., Garvy, B. A., and Medina, C. A. the immunopathology of zinc
deficiency in humans and rodents, a possible role for programmed cell death. Human Nutrition :
A Comprehensive Treatise. 1993. v. 8 p. 267-283.
IMM Fraker, P. J. and Luecke, R. W. 1976. dietary zinc - its effects on immune-response of a-j mice.
Journal Of Nutrition 106: R20.
Abstract Fraker, P. J. and Luecke, R. W. 1980. effect of dietary zinc-deficiency on immunity in the inbred
mouse. Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical Society 1980, VI79, Mar, P30-Agfd
CP Fraker, P. J. and Luecke, R. W. 1977. effects of dietary zinc on t-cell helper function of a-j
mouse. Federation Proceedings 36: 1176.
Abstract Fraker, P. J. and Luecke, R. W. the effects of dietary zinc on thymus derived cell helper function
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of the a-j mouse. Federation Proceedings. 36 (3). 1977 1176
Nut def Fraker, P. I, Osati-Ashtiani, F., Wagner, M. A., and King, L. E. 1995. possible role for
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Nut def Fraker, Pamela J., Caruso, Ralph, and Kierszenbaum, Felipe, alteration of the immune and
nutritional status of mice by synergy between zinc deficiency and infection with trypanosoma
cruzi. J.Nutr. (1982) 112(6): 1224-9.
Nut def Fraker, Pamela J., DePasquale-Jardieu, Paula, Zwicki, Craig M., and Luecke, Richard W.
regeneration of t-cell helper function in zinc-deficient adult mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
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Nut def Fraker, Pamela J., Hilderbrandt, Kim, and Luecke, Richard W. alteration of antibody-mediated
responses of suckling mice to t-cell-dependent and independent antigens by maternal marginal
zinc deficiency: restoration of responsivity by nutritional repletion. J. Nutr. (1984) 114(1):
170-9.
Nut def Fraker, Pamela J. and Leucke, R. W. effect of dietary zinc deficiency on lymphocyte function
in the mouse. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. (1981) 135(Diet Resist. Dis.): 107-19.
Nut def Fraker, Pamela J., Zwicki, Craig M., and Luecke, R. W. delayed type hypersensitivity in zinc
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IMM Franceschi, C., Chiricolo, M., Licastro, F., Zannotti, M., Masi, M., Mocchegiani, E., and Fabris,
N. 1988 . oral zinc supplementation in downs-syndrome - restoration of thymic endocrine
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Drug Francis, C., Janky, D. M., Arafa, A. S., and Harms, R. H. 1978. the effect of adding a
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microbiology of feed and intestinal tract. Poultry Science. 57(4). 1137
Drug Francis, C., Janky, D. M., Arafa, A. S., and Harms, R. H. 1978. interrelationship of lactobacillus
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CP Franklin, A. J(A), Magnuson, M. A., and Rickman, D. W(A). 1995. localization of bzp, a zinc
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Fate Franklin, P. A., Pullen, R. G., and Hall, G. H. 1992. blood-brain exchange routes and distribution
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Unrel Franquin, J. C. and Salomon, J. P. 1986. [methodology of a standard technic for evaluating bone
biocompatibility of canal filling materials: ii. histologic results on 2 materials: guttapercha and
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materiaux: la gutta-percha et 1'oxyde de zinc eugenol. L'Information Dentaire 68(33): 3197-
209.
Bio Ace Franson, J. Christian, Koehl, Philip S., Derksen, Dirk V., Rothe, Thomas C., Bunck, Christine M.,
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and Moore, John F. 1995. heavy metals in seaducks and mussels from misty fjords national
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Drug Franti, C. E., Julian, L. M, and Adler, H. E. 1973. antibiotic growth promotion: effects of zinc
bacitracin andoxytetracycline on live weight and weights of selected muscles of newhampshire
cockerels. Poultry Science 52(5): 1757-1765.
Drug Franti, C. E., Julian, L. M., Adler, H. E., and Wiggins, A. D. 1972. antibiotic growth promotion:
effects of zinc bacitracin and oxytetracycline on the digestive, circulatory, and excretory systems
of new hampshire cockerels. Poultry Science 51 (4): 1137-45.
FL Frantova, E., Ofukany, L., Mraz, A., Korcek, M., and Blanar, M. 1986. monensin poisoning in
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Food Franz, K. B., Kennedy, B. M., and Fellers, D. A. 1980. relative bioavailability of zinc from
selected cereals and legumes using rat growth. Journal of Nutrition 110(11): 2272-83.
Nut def Franzen, L. and Agren, M. effect of zinc deficiency on connective tissue repair in the perforated
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Unrel Franzen Lennart E(A), Ghassemifar, M. Reza, Salerud Goran, and Tarpila Erkki. 1996. actin
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CP Freake, H. C(A), Huang, C., and Zinn, S. A. 1998. zinc and thyroid hormone interactions in vivo.
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CP Frederickson, C. J., Danscher, G., Cravens, K. J., Slomianka, L., and Sylvan, L. B. staining for
zinc reveals columnar patches in the hippocampus of the newborn rat. 21ST ANNUAL
MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA,
NOVEMBER 10-15, 1991. SOC NEUROSCIABSTR. 17 (1-2). 1991. 1131.
No Oral Frederickson, C. J., Gage, F. H., Howell, G. A., Stewart, G. R., Kesslak, J. P., Stuart, P. R., and
Klitenick, M. A. a possible role of mossy fiber zinc in sympathetic sprouting. Neural.
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No COC FREDERICKSON, C. J., HERNANDEZ, M. D., and MCGINTY, J. F. translocation of zinc may
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Unrel Frederickson, C. J., Howell, G. A., and Frederickson, M. H. zinc dithizonate staining in the cat
hippocampus relationship to the mossy fiber neuropil and post natal development. EXP
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InVit Frederickson, C. J., Howell, G. A., Haigh, M. D., and Danscher, G. 1988. zinc-containing fiber
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Org Met Frederickson, C. J., Perez-Clausell, J., and Danscher, G. 1987. zinc-containing 7s-ngf complex.
evidence from zinc histochemistry for localization in salivary secretory granules. Journal of
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Rev Frederickson, C. J A and Moncrieff, D. W. 1994. zinc-containing neurons. Biological Signals 3(3):
127-139.
Abstract FREDERICKSON, R. E., DANSCHER, G., and FREDERICKSON, C. J. 1986. reversible
chelation of hippocampal zinc causes time-locked disruption of spatial-working memory. 16TH
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ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE
CP Freeland-Graves, Jeanne, zinc nutriture and vegetarian diets. Adv. Diet Nutr. [Int. Congr.], 1st
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Nut def Freeman, R. M. and Taylor, P. R. CS Veterans Administration Hospital City Iowa 52240 USA.
1977. influence of histidine administration on zinc metabolism in the rat. American Journal of
Clinical Nutrition 50(4): 523-527.
No Oral Freeman, Richard M., Richards, Carl J., and Rames, Linda K. 1975. zinc metabolism in
aminonucleoside-inducednephrosis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. (1975) 28(7): 699-703.
No Oral Freeman, Richard M. and Taylor, Philip R. 1977. influence of histidine administration on zinc
metabolism in the rat. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 30(4): 523-7 .
No Oral Fregoneze, J. B., Ferreira, H., Scares, T., Luz, C. P., Bulcao, C., Nascimento, T., Marinho, C. A.,
Sarmento, C., De Oliveira, I. R., Cunha, M., and De Castro e Silva, E. 1995. sdz 216-525, a
selective 5-htl sub(a) receptor antagonist, reverts zinc-induced inhibition of water intake in
dehydrated rats. Vol. 28, No. 6, Pp. 711-714 Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res.
No Oral Fregoneze, J. B., Souza, C., Cunha, M., Ferreira, H., De-Oliveira, I., Barros, L., Malbouisson, M.,
and De-Castro-E-Silva, E. acute effect of intracerebroventricular administration of zinc on the
drinking behavior of rats induced by dehydration or central cholinergic and angiotensinergic
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Abstract Freitas, A. A. andRocha, B. 1997. lymphocyte survival: a red queen hypothesis [see comments].
Science 277(5334): 1950.
No COC French, M. C. Haines C. W. and Cooper J. 1987. investigation into the effects of ingestion of
zinc shot by mallard ducks (anas platyrhynchos). Environ.Pollut. 47: 305-314.
Unrel French, N. P., Morgan, K. L., and Fell, C. 1990. wool slip in Wiltshire horns. Veterinary Record
127(10): 267.
Meth Friedberg, F. \9TS,.Radioimmunoassay ofMetallothionein. EPA/600/1-78/010
BioX Friederich, C. and Tu, A. T. 1971. role of metals in snake venoms for hemorrhagic, esterase and
proteolytic activities. Biochemical Pharmacology 20(7): 1549-56.
Nut def FRIEDMAN, M. advances in experimental medicine and biology, vol. 48. protein-metal
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Alt Friedman, M. I., Emmerich, A. L., and Gil, K. M. 1980. effects of insulin on food intake and
plasma glucose level in fat-fed diabetic rats. Physiology & Behavior 24(2): 319-25.
No COC Friedman, M. I. and Ramirez, I. 1987. insulin counteracts the satiating effect of a fat meal in
rats. Physiology & Behavior 40(5): 655-9.
FL Friess, A. E. and Liebich, H. G. 1972. [electron microscopy studies of ductus thoracicus cells of
the rat after osmium-zinc-jodide (oii) impregnation]. elektronenmikroskopische
untersuchungen an zellen des ductus thoracicus der ratte nach osmium-zink-jodid (ozi)
impragnation. Zeitschrift Fur Zellforschung Und Mikroskopische Anatomie 13 3 (4)
No COC Frigg, M A, Straub, O. C., and Hartmann, D A. 1993. the bioavailability of supplemental biotin
in cattle. InternationalJournal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 63(2): 122-128.
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Nut def
Nut
CP
CP
Abstract
CP
Mix
Diss
InVit
Friis, H., Andersen, C. B., Vennervald, B. J., Christensen, N. O., and Pakkenberg, B. 1998. the
use of a stereological method to estimate the volume of schistosoma mansoni granulomas: the
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Frimpong, N. A. and Magee, A. C. 1987. effects of dietary copper and zinc on serum lipid
parameters of young male rats. Nutrition Reports International. 35(3): 551-559.
Frimpong, N. A. and Magee, A. C. 1987. effects of dietary zinc and copper supplementation on
growth, liver zinc, copper and iron status of young sprague-dawley male-rats. Federation
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Frimpong, N. A. and Magee, A. C. 1986. effects of dietary zinc and copper supplementation on
serum triglyceride, total-cholesterol and hdl-cholesterol concentrations on young sprague dawley
male-rats. Federation Proceedings 45: 231.
Frimpong, N. A. and Magee, A. C. effects of dietary zinc and copper supplementation on serum
triglyceride total-cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration in young
sprague-dawley male rats. 7 OTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN
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Frimpong, N. A., Zwick, D., and Tulp, O. L. effects of zinc intake on food intake weight gain
growth patterns and serum t3 in lain-cp rats. 74TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
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Frimpong, Nesba A. and Magee, Aden C. effects of dietary copper and zinc on serum lipid
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Alt Fritsch, H., Schimpf, Kl., Lenhard, J., Ritz, E., and Urban, V. serum transaminases and serum
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Unrel Froetschel, M. A., Martin, A. C., Amos, H. E., and Evans, J. J. 1990. effects of zinc sulfate
concentration and feeding frequency on ruminalprotozoal numbers, fermentation patterns and
amino acid passage insteers. Journal of Animal Science 68(9): 2874-2884.
CP Frolich, W. and Sandstrom, B. 1983. zinc-absorption from composite meals. Acs Symposium
Series 210: 211-221.
Nut def Froslie, A., Ulvund, M. J., Maina, J. N., and Norheim, G. trace elements in grass cattle liver and
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CP Frost, P., Chen, J. C., Rabbani, L, Smith, J., and Prasad, A. S. the effect of zinc deficiency on the
immune response. BREWER, GEORGE J. ANDANANDA S. PRASAD (ED.). PROGRESS IN
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Froyshov, O., Pedersen, S., and Hove, K. 1986. absorption, metabolism and excretion of zinc
14c-bacitracin fed toyoung pigs. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 55(2):
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No COC Frye, G. D., Fincher, A. S., Grover, C. A., and Griffith, W. H. 1994. interaction of ethanol and
allosteric modulators with gabaa-activated currents in adult medial septum/diagonal band neurons.
Brain Research 635(1-2): 283-92.
No COC Frye, Gerald D., Fincher, Annette S., Grover, Cathy A., and Jayaprabhu, Sudheer. lanthanum and
zinc sensitivity of gabaa-activated currents in adult medial septum/diagonal band neurons from
ethanol dependent rats. Brain Res. (1996) 720(1,2): 101-110.
CP Fryer, A. J., Ku, P. K., Miller, E. R., and Ullrey, D. E. effect of elevated dietary zinc on growth
performance of weanling swine. MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANIMAL
SCIENCE AND AMERICAN DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOCIATION, MIDWESTERN SECTION, DES
MOINES, IOWA, USA, MARCH 23-25, 1992. JANIMSCI. 70 (Suppl. 1). 1992. 62.
FL Fu, W. and Guo, R. effects on lactating rats fed an excessive zinc diet hippocampal development
of their pups. Journal of Xi'An Medical University. 12(4). 1991.303-306.
FL Fu, Wenyu and Guo, Renyu. effects of dietary zinc excess to lactating rats on hippocampal
development of their pups. Xi'an Yike Daxue Xuebao (1991) 12(4): 303-6 .
Drug Fu, Wenyu and Guo, Renyu. effects of feeding histidine to lactating rats on hippocampal
development and enzyme activity of their pups. Yingyang Xuebao (1999) 21(3): 340-343.
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Nut def Gordon, E. F., Bond, J. T., Gordon, R. C., and Denny, M. R. 1982. zinc deficiency and behavior:
a development perspective. Physiology & Behavior 28(5): 893-7.
Nut def Gordon, E. F., Denny, M. R., and Bond, J. T. 1980. behavioral and physiological effects of
experimental zinc deficiency inyoung and aging rats. Federation Proceedings 39(3,1): 431.
Abstract Gordon, E. F. and Wu, Y. U. pre natal ethanol exposure zinc iron magnesium and copper
concentrations in amniotic fluid and post natal growth catch-up. 68TH ANNUAL MEETING OF
THE FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ST. LOUIS,
MO., USA, APR. 1-6, 1984 FED PROC. 43(3). 1984. Abstract 649.
Abstract Gordon, E. F., Zemel, M. B., and Olson, K. L. effects of pre natal ethanol exposure on iron zinc
copper and magnesium metabolism in rats. 67TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION
OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, CHICAGO, ILL, USA, APRIL
10-15, 1983. FED PROC. 42 (5). 1983. Abstract 5959.
Nut def Gordon, Elizabeth F., Bond, Jenny T., Gordon, Ralph C., and Denny, M. Ray. zinc deficiency and
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behavior ; a developmental perspective . Physiol. Behav. (1982) 28(5): 893-7.
No COC Gordon, Elizabeth F. and Olson, Karen L. effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on metal
metabolism, growth and sensorimotor development. Neural. Neurobiol. (1984) 11B(
Neurobiol. Zinc, Part B): 209-21.
Diss Gordon, Elizabeth Fabri. 1979. behavioral and physiological effects of zinc deficiency in young
and aging male holtzman rats. Avail.: Univ. Microfilms Int. Order No. 8013739 From: Diss.
Abstr. Int. B 1980, 40 . 12, Pt. 1. 5840 : 148 pp.
Nut def Gordon, P. R. and O'Dell, B. L. 1980. rat platelet aggregation impaired by short-term zinc
deficiency. Journal of Nutrition 110(10): 2125-9.
Nut def Gordon, P. R. and O'Dell, B. L. short-term zinc deficiency and hemostasis in the rat. Proc.
Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. (1980) 163(2): 240-4.
Abstract Gordon, P. R. and O'dell, B. L. short-term zinc deficiency impairs platelet function in the rat.
64THANNUAL MEETING OF THE FED. AM. SOC. EXP. BIOL, ANAHEIM, CALIF., USA,
APR. 13-18, 1980. FED PROC. 39(3). 1980. Abstract 385.
Abstract Gordon, P. R. and O'dell, B. L. zinc deficiency in guinea-pigs impaired platelet aggregation and
other signs. 66THANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES
FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, NEW ORLEANS, LA., USA, APRIL 15-23, 1982. FED PROC.
41 (3). 1982. Abstract 82.
Nut def Gordon, Phil R. and O'Dell, Boyd L. rat platelet aggregation impaired by short-term zinc
deficiency. J. Nutr. (1980) 110(10): 2125-9.
Nut def Gordon, Philip R. and O'Dell, Boyd L. zinc deficiency and impaired platelet aggregation in
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FL Gorobets, A. I. 1991. retention of fat-soluble vitamins in broiler chickens and theirproductivity
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FL Gorobets, A. I. and Batyuzhevskii, Yu. N. 1995. increasing the utilization of soyabean in poultry
feeding. Nauchno-Tekhnicheskii Byulleten', Ukrainskii Nauchno-Issledovatel'SkiiInstitut
Ptitsevodstva (34): 40-43 .
FL Gorodkov, V. G., Pashchenko, L. A., and Erzinkyan, K. L. changes in the angiotensin-converting
enzyme activity in the lung tissue of rats under long-term action of apressin. Biologicheskii
Zhurnal Armenii. 41 (3). 1988. 241-243.
InVit Goshgarian, H. G. and Rafols, J. A. 1981. the phrenic nucleus of th albino rat: a correlative hrp
and go Igi study. Journal of Comparative Neurology 201(3): 441-56.
Nut def Gossrau, R., Gunther, T., Merker, H. I, and Graf, R. 1988. enhancement of maternal and fetal
nephrotoxicity of salicylate by zinc-deficiency - morphological, enzyme histochemical and
immunohistochemical studies. Histochemistry 89(1): 81-90.
Bact Goswami, R., Turk, B., Enderle, K., Howe, A., and Rundell, K. effect of zinc ions on the
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Journal of Virology. 66(3). 1992. 1746-1751.
Fate Goto, Tae, Kimura, Shuichi, Chiga, Machiko, Ishizuka, Yoko, Suwa, Junichi, and Kimura, Fumi.
distribution and change in content of radioactive zinc in tissues of rats given diet containing
radioactive zinc. Miyagi Gakuin Joshi Daigaku Seikatsu Kagaku Kenkyusho Kenkyu Hokoku
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Mix Goto, Tae, Kimura, Shuichi, Kisu, Yasuko, and Chiga, Machiko. daily intake of zinc and
nutritional state of rats given a zinc-added diet . part iii. nutritional state of rats given a
diet with added zinc and iron, and content of zinc, iron, calcium, and proteins in their tissues.
Miyagi Gakuin Joshi Daigaku Seikatsu Kagaku Kenkyusho Kenkyu Hokoku (1976) : 10, 19-26 .
Nut def Goto, Tomoko, Komai, Michio, Suzuki, Hitoshi, and Furukawa, Yuji. behavioral and
physiological study of the abnormality of salt taste sensation in zinc-deficient rats. Nippon Aji
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Nut def Gottschall-Pass, Katherine T., Grahn, Bruce H., Gorecki, Dennis K. I, Semple, Hugh A., and
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Meth Gottschall-Pass, Katherine T., rahn, Bruce H., Gorecki, Dennis K. J., and Paterson, Physllis G.
oscillatory potentials and light microscopic changes demonstrate an interaction between zinc and
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No Oral GOYER, R. A., MILLER, C. R., ZHU, S. Y., and VICTERY, W. non-metallothionein-bound
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Abstract Grace, N. D. and Watkinson, J. H. selenium zinc copper and iron metabolism of the young lamb.
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Surv
Alt
Plant
Abstract
Grace, N. D(A), Pearce, S. G., Firth, E. C., and Fennessy, P. F. 1999. concentrations of macro-
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Graham, Ellis R. and Telle, Paul. 1967. zinc retention in
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Graham, R. D., Welch, R. M., Grunes, D. L., Gary, E. E., and Norvell, W. A. 1987. effect of
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GRAHAM, T. W., CLEGG, M. S., LONNERDAL, B., THURMOND, M. C., and KEEN, C. L.
1986. isolation and characterization of metallothioneins in calves ingesting zinc toxic diets.
7OTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
No Control Graham, T. W., Feldman, B. F., Farver, T. B., Labavitch, F., O'Neil, S. L., Thurmond, M. C.,
Keen, C. L., and Holmberg, C. A. 1991. zinc toxicosis of holstein veal calves and its relationship
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International 1(3): 121-128.
Nut def Graham, T. W., Goodger, W. I, Christiansen, V., and Thurmond, M. C. 1987. economic losses
from an episode of zinc toxicosis on a California vealcalf operation using a zinc sulfate-
supplemented milk replacer. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 190(6):
668-671.
Bio Ace Graham, T. W., Holmberg, C. A., Keen, C. L., Thurmond, M. C., and Clegg, M. S. 1988. a
pathologic and toxicologic evaluation of veal calves fed largeamounts of zinc. Veterinary
Pathology 25(6): 484-491.
No Dose Graham, T. W., Thurmond, M. C., Clegg, M. S., Keen, C. L., Holmberg, C. A., Slanker, M. R.,
and Goodger, W. J. 1987. an epidemiologic study of mortality in veal calves subsequent to
anepisode of zinc toxicosis on a California veal calf operation usingzinc sulfate-supplemented milk
replacer. Journal oj'the American Veterinary Medical Association 190(10): 1296-1301.
Abstract Graham, T. W., Thurmond, M. C., and Keen, C. L. 1994. serum copper and zinc concentrations
predict culling in pregnant holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 77(SUPPL. 1): 345.
CP Graham, T. W., Thurmond, M. C., Mohr, F. C., Holmberg, C. A., and Keen, C. L. zinc
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health in typically fed dairy cows. MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN
SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (FASEB) PART II, ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA,
USA, APRIL 5-9, 1992. FASEB (FEDAMSOCEXP BIOL) J. 6 (5). 1992. A1680.
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zinc distribution in maternal rat tissues and fetuses. 72ND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
Nut def Greeley, S. J. 1984. zinc repletion during late gestation folio wing chronic suboptimal zinc intake.
Nutrition Reports International. 30(2): 389-395.
Nut def Greeley, S. JONUA and Sandstead, H. H. 1983. oxidation of alanine and beta-hydroxybutyrate in
late gestation by zinc-restricted rats (suboptimal zinc nutriture). The Journal Of Nutrition. 113
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Nut def Greeley, Sharon, Fosmire, Gary I, and Sandstead, Harold H. nitrogen retention during late
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No COC Greenman, David L., Morrissey, Robert L., Blakemore, William, Crowell, James, Siitonen, Paul,
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Nut Greger, J. L. 1989. effect of dietary-protein and minerals on calcium and zinc utilization.
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No COC Greger, J. L., Krzykowski, Catherine E., Khazen, Reem R., and Krashoc, Connie L. mineral
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No COC Greger, J. L. and Lyle, B. J. iron, copper and zinc metabolism of rats fed various levels and
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Nut def Halas, Edward S., Hunt, Curtiss D., and Eberhardt, Marilou J. learning and memory disabilities in
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CP
Not Avail
CP
FL
CP
CP
Nut def
NoCOC
HHE
NoCOC
NoCOC
Hallmans, G., Nilsson, U., Sjoestroem, R., Wetter, L., and Wing, K. 1985. the bioavailability of
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Hallmans, Goeran, Nilsson, Ulf, Sjoestroem, Rolf, Wetter, Lars, and Wing, Kenneth. 1983. the
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Kama, T. and Guroff, G. 1985. distribution of nsplOO and nsplOO kinase, a nerve growth factor-
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FL Hamdaoui, M., Hedhili, A., Doghri, T., and Tritar, B. effect of tea decoction given to rats ad
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No COC Hamel, F. G., Gehm, B. D., Rosner, M. R., and Duckworth, W. C. 1997. identification of the
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membrane fluidity in rat lung and liver microsomes an esr spin labeling study. 73RD ANNUAL
MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL
BIOLOGY, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA, MARCH 19-23, 1989. FASEB (FEDAMSOC
EXP BIOL) J. 3 (3). 1989. A651.
Abstract Hammermueller, J. D., Bettger, W. J., and Bray, T. M. the effect of dietary zinc or copper
deficiency on the membrane environment of rat lung and liver microsomes. 72ND ANNUAL
MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL
BIOLOGY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA, USA, MAY 1-5, 1988. FASEB (FED AMSOCEXP BIOL) J. 2
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Nut def Hammermueller, J. D., Bray, T. M., and Bettger, W. J. 1987. effect of zinc and copper deficiency
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No Oral Hampton, D. L., Miller, W. J., Blackmon, D. M., Gentry, R. P., Neathery, M. W., Lassiter, J. W.,
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1975 907
Abstract Hampton, D. L., Miller, W. J., Neathery, M. W., Blackmon, D. M., Kincaid, R. L., Gentry, R. P.,
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VO- 14\ IS- 6\ PG- Which Contained Zn 2 Mg/Kg Without or With Added Zn 40 or 600Mg/KgAs
ZnO. After 2 Weeks the Intestine Was Exposed by a Midline Abdominal Incision and Each Rat
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No COC Hsu, Jeng M. and Smith, J. Cecil Jr. cysteine feeding affects urinary zinc excretion in normal and
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In Vit
Gene
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CP HURLEY, L. S., KEEN, C. L., LOENNERDAL, B., MARK-SAVAGE, P., and HACKMAN, R.
trace elements, genetic factors, and drugs in developmental abnormalities. TRACE ELEM
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Abstract Hurley, L. S., Keen, C. L., and Lonnerdal, B. changing molecular localization of zinc and copper
in rat neo natal intestine and liver. 65TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF
AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ATLANTA, GA., USA, APRIL 12-17,
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CP Jensen, Leo S. precipiation of a selenium deficiency by high dietary levels of copper and zinc.
Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. (1975) 149(1): 113-16.
No Oral Jeong Yi-Na, Seo Mi-Kyeong, Choi Yun-Jeong, Kim In-Chull, and Lee Yong-Hee= (A). 1997.
high-performance liquid chromatographic assay of a new hiv-1 protease inhibitor, Ib71350, in the
plasma of dogs. Journal ofChromatography B 703(1-2): 284-288.
No COC Jeroch, H., Berger, H., Wilke, A., Pfutzner, B., Jackisch, B., Weber, K., and Gebhardt, G. 1981.
results obtained with the growth promotant nitrovin (of czechoslovakianorigin) in the rearing of
calves, laying hens and chickens. Biologizace a Chemizace Zivocisne Vyroby, Veterinaria
17(2): 143-150.
FL Jeroch, H., Engerer K-H, Keller, G., Berger, H., and Gebhardt, G. effect of the ergotropic
substance nitrovin on broiler fattening with various types of rations fattening data. Archiv Fuer
Tierernaehmng. 30 (9). 1980 (Reed. 1981). 663-670.
No COC Jeroch, H., Richter, G., Meixner, B., Schuler, D., Voigt, C., Jahn, S., and Hennig, A. 1977. use of
antibiotics in feeds for livestock in the german democraticrepublic in the light of recent
experimental results. Tierernahrung UndFattening (W): 276-283.
Bact Jerusik, R. J., Kadis, S., Chapman, W. L. Jr, and Wooley, R. E. 1977. experimental rat model for
corynebacterium-renale induced pyelo nephritis. Infection and Immunity. 18(3): 828-832.
Bact Jerusik, R. J., Kadis, S., Chapman, W. L. Jr, and Wooley, R. E. 1977. influence of
acetohydroxamic acid on experimental corynebacterium renale pyelonephritis. Canadian
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Nut def Jeung, J. H. and Cho, S. Y. 1988. effects of dietary zinc on the ethanol metabolizing enzyme
activity andethanol elimination rate in rat. Journal of the Korean Society of Food and Nutrition
17(3): 269-276.
Nut def Jeung, Jae Hong and Cho, Soo Yeul. effects of dietary zinc on the ethanol metabolizing
enzyme activity and ethanol elimination rate in rat. Han'Guk Yongyang Siklyong Hakhoechi
(1988) 17(3): 269-76.
Unrel Jew, R. C., Weine, F. S., Keene, J. J. Jr, and Smulson, M. H. 1982. a histologic evaluation of
periodontal tissues adjacent to root perforations filled with cavit. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine,
and Oral Pathology 54(1): 124-35.
Drug Jeyasingham, Marina D., Rooprai, Harcharan K., Dexter, David, Pratt, Oliver E., and Komoly,
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Phys Jezyk, P. F., Haskins, M. E., MacKay-Smith, W. E., and Patterson, D. F. lethal acrodermatitis in
bull terriers. Journal Of The American Veterinary Medical Association. Apr 15, 1986. v. 188
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Nut def Ji, L. L., Stratman, F. W., and Lardy, H. A. 1992. antioxidant enzyme response to selenium
deficiency in rat myocardium. Journal Of The American College Of Nutrition. 11(1): 79-86.
No COC Jia, Xiujuan, Emerick, Royce J., and Kayongo-Male, Henry. 1997. the ph dependence of silicon-
iron interaction in rats. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. (1998) 59(1-3): 113-122.
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Nut def Jiahui, Wu, Rongna, Ren, Wen, Wei, and Dixiong, Xu. effects of zinc deficiency on the brain
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No Oral Jiang, Huimin, Han, Guo'an, Gao, Huafang, Shi, Wen, and Dong, Yunling. the correlation studies
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115-8.
CP Jiang, K. 1985. zinc and copper absorption in rats fed dietary cellulose. Federation
Proceedings 44: 1506.
No COC Jiang, K. S. 1986. effects of dietary cellulose xylan on absorption and tissue contents of zinc and
copper in rats. The Journal Of Nutrition. 116(6): 999-1006.
Mix Jiang, Kuo Shii. effects of dietary cellulose and xylan on absorption and tissue contents of zinc
and copper in rats. J. Nutr. (1986) 116(6): 999-1006 .
CP Jiang, L. J., Maret, W., and Vallee, B. L. 1998. the atp-metallothionein complex. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of
Gene Jiang, R., Lan, Y., Norton, C. R., Sundberg, J. P., and Gridley, T. 1998. the slug gene is not
essential for mesoderm or neural crest development in mice. Developmental Biology 198(2):
277-85.
HHE Jiang, W., Graham, B., Spiccia, L., and Hearn, M. T. 1998. protein selectivity with immobilized
metal ion-tacn sorbents: chromatographic studies with human serum proteins and several other
globular proteins. Analytical Biochemistry 255(1): 47-58.
Nut def Jiang, Yugang, Cheng, Yiyong, Wang, Donglan, Lin, Chunzhu, and Gu, Jingfan. effects of zinc
deficiency and supplementation on zinc nutritional status in exercised rats. Yingyang Xuebao
(1995) 17(4): 368-73.
Unrel Jiang, Z., You, D. Y., Chen, X. C, and Wu, J. 1992. monitoring of serum markers for fibrosis
during cc!4-induced liver damage, effects of anti-fibrotic agents. Journal ofHepatology 16(3):
282-9.
FL Jilg, T. 1992. feeding value and acceptance of regrowths in extensively used stands inbaden-
wurttemberg for growing cattle. 443 -446.
No Oral Jin, Taiyi, Nordberg, Gunnar, Sehlin, Janove, and Vesterberg, Olof. protection against cadmium-
metallothionein nephrotoxicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats : role of increased
metallothionein synthesis induced by streptozotocin. Toxicology (1996) 106(1-3): 55-63.
No Dose Jiracek, J.,Yiotakis, A., Vincent, B., Checler, F., and Dive, V. 1996. development of the first
potent and selective inhibitor of the zinc endopeptidase neurolysin using a systematic approach
based on combinatorial chemistry of phosphinic peptides. Journal of Biological Chemistry
271(32): 19606-11.
HHE Jirka, M. and Blanicky, P. polymorphism of human serum zinc alpha-2 glyco protein and its
behavior during ontogenesis using quantitative crossed starch gel immuno electrophoresis. .
ClinicaChimicaActa. 103 (1). 1980. 61-66.
No COC Joermann, G. 1998. a review of secondary-poisoning studies with rodenticides. Bulletin OEPP
28(1/2): 157-176.
Nut def Johanning, G. L., Browning, J. D., Bobilya, D. J., Veum, T. L., and O'Dell, B. L. 1990. effect of
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zinc deficiency and food restriction in the pig onerythrocyte fragility and plasma membrane
composition. Nutrition Research 10(12): 1463-1471.
CP Johanning, G. L., Browning, J. D., Bobilya, D. J., Veum, T. L., and O'Dell, B. L. 1990. effect of
zinc deficiency of enzyme activities in rat and pig erythrocyte membranes. Proceedings Of The
Society For Experimental Biology And Medicine. 195(2): 224-229.
CP Johanning, G. L., Miller, D. S., and O'Dell, B. L. effect of zinc deficiency on lipid and protein
profiles of the rat erythrocyte membrane. Trace Elements In Man And Animals 6 / Edited By
Lucille S. Hurley, ... [EtAl.]. p. 363-364.
Nut def Johanning, G. L. and O'Dell, B. L. effect of zinc deficiency and food restriction in rats on
erythrocyte membrane zinc, phospholipid and protein content. The Journal Of Nutrition. Nov
1989. v. 119 (11) p. 1654-1660. ill.
Nut def Johanning, Gary L. and O'Dell, Boyd L. effect of zinc deficiency and food restriction in rats on
erythrocyte membrane zinc, phospholipid and protein content. J. Nutr. (1989) 119(11): 1654-
60.
Drug Johansen, M, Jorsal, S. E., Andresen, L. O., Thomsen, L. K., and Baekbo, P. 2000. prevention
and treatment of oedema disease in denmark 1994-1998. areview of the results of danish
experiments. Dansk Veterinaertidsskrift 83(3): 6-9.
Plant Johansson Inga-Maj and Forsman Cecilia(A). 1994. solvent hydrogen isotope effects and anion
inhibition of co-2 hydration catalysed by carbonic anhydrase from pisum sativum. European
Journal of Biochemistry 224(3): 901-907.
IMM Johansson Maria H, Bieberich Charles, Kase-Sjostrom Anna, Yoshioka Takayuki, Hoglund Elin,
Christy Barbara A, Scangos George, Karre Klas, Jay Gilbert, and Hoglund Petter(A). 2000.
differential effects on t cell and nk cell development by tissue-specific expression of h-2dd
transgene. European Journal of Immunology. 30(2): 525-533.
No Oral Johnson, A. D., Sigman, M. B., and Miller, W. J. 1970. early actions of cadmium in the rat and
domestic fowl testis. 3. subcellular location of injected 109 cadmium. Journal of Reproduction
and Fertility 23(2): 201-13.
InVit Johnson, A. L. and Brake, J. 1992. zinc-induced molt: evidence for a direct inhibitory effect on
granulosa cell steroidogenesis. Poult. Sci. (1992) 71(1): 161-7.
Gene Johnson, A. L., Bridgham, J. T., Digby, M. R., and Lowenthal, J. W. 1998. expression of the
inhibitor of t-cell apoptosis (ita) gene in hen ovarian follicles during development. Biology of
Reproduction 58(2): 414-20.
Nut def Johnson, D. A. and Alvares, O. F. deficiency-induced changes in rat parotid salivary proteins.
The Journal Of Nutrition. Oct 1984. v. 114 (10) p. 1955-1964. ill.
Abstract Johnson, D. A. and Alvares, O. F. differences in rat parotid salivary proteins with zinc deficiency.
ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH,
CINCINNATI, OHIO, USA, MAR. 17-20, 1983. J DENT RES. 62 (Spec. Issue). 1983. 201.
Nut def Johnson, D. A., Lopez, H., and Navia, J. M. 1995. effects of protein deficiency and diet
consistency on the parotid gland and parotid saliva of rats. Journal of Dental Research 74(8):
1444-52.
Nut def Johnson, Dorthea A. and Alvares, Olav F. zinc deficiency-induced changes in rat parotid
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salivary proteins. J. Nutr. (1984) 114(10): 1955-64.
Nut def Johnson, I. T., Gee, J. M., and Southon, S. 1983. the growth and function of the small-intestine in
the zinc-deficient rat. Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique 7: 503.
Nut def Johnson, M. A. 1986. interaction of dietary carbohydrate, ascorbic acid and copper with the
development of copper deficiency in rats. The Journal Of Nutrition. 116(5): 802-815.
Nut def Johnson, M. A. and Flagg, E. W. 1986. effects of sucrose and cornstarch on the development of
copper deficiency in rats fed high levels of zinc. Nutrition Research. 6(11): 1307-1319.
CP Johnson, M. A. and Greger, J. L. 1983. interactions of dietary tin and zinc in rats. Federation
Proceedings 42: 818.
CP Johnson, M. A. and Greger, J. L. 1984. tin, copper, iron and calcium-metabolism of rats fed
various dietary levels of inorganic tin and zinc. Federation Proceedings 43: 680.
Plant JOHNSON, M. S., MCNEILLY, T., and PUTWAIN, P.O. revegetation of metalliferous mice
spoil contaminated by lead and zinc. ENVIRONPOLLUT; 12 (4). 1977 261-278
Nut def Johnson, Mary Ann. interaction of dietary carbohydrate, ascorbic acid and copper with the
development of copper deficiency in rats. J. Nutr. (1986) 116(5): 802-15.
Nut def Johnson, Mary Ann and Flagg, Elaine W. effects of sucrose and cornstarch on the development
of copper deficiency in rats fed high levels of zinc. Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) (1986) 6(11): 1307-19.
Mix Johnson, Mary Ann and Greger, J. L. absorption, distribution and endogenous excretion of zinc
by rats fed various dietary levels of inorganic tin and zinc. J. Nutr. (1984) 114(10): 1843-
51 .
Mix Johnson, Mary Ann and Greger, J. L. tin, copper, iron and calcium metabolism of rats fed
various dietary levels of inorganic tin and zinc. J. Nutr. (1985) 115(5): 615-24.
Nut def Johnson, Mary Ann and Hove, Sheryl S. development of anemia in copper-deficient rats fed
high levels of dietary iron and sucrose. J. Nutr. (1986) 116(7): 1225-38.
Nut def Johnson, Mary Ann and Murphy, Cynthia Lee. adverse effects of high dietary iron and ascorbic
acid on copper status in copper-deficient and copper-adequate rats. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. (1988)
47(1): 96-101.
CP Johnson, P. E. and Evans, G. W. 1980. source of maternal milk zinc for absorption by suckling
rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine; 163
CP Johnson, P. E., Hunt, J. R., and Ralston, N. V. C. 1987. the effect of body zinc stores and current
diet on true absorption, endogenous excretion, and zinc balance in rats. Federation Proceedings
46: 600.
Nut def Johnson, P. E., Hunt, J. R., and Ralston, N. V. C. 1988. the effect of past and current dietary zn
intake on zn absorption and endogenous excretion in the rat. The Journal Of Nutrition. 118(10):
1205-1209.
HHE Johnson, P. E., Lykken, G., Mahalko, J., Milne, D., Inman, L., and Sandstead, H. H. 1983. the
effect of browned and unbrowned corn products on absorption of zinc, iron, and copper in
humans. Acs Symposium Series 215: 349-360.
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No Dose Johnson, Phyllis E. and Evans, Gary W. source of maternal milk zinc for adsorption by suckling
rats. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. (1980) 163(3): 372-5 .
Nut Johnson, Phyllis E., Hunt, Janet R., and Ralston, Nicholas V. C. 1988. the effect of past and
current dietary zinc intake on zinc absorption and endogenous excretion in the rat. J. Nutr.
118(10): 1205-9.
Nut def Johnson, R. C. and Shah, S. N. 1978. effects of zinc deficiency and undernutrition during
postweaning onbrain development, lipid composition and myelin content. Federation
Proceedings 37(3): 355.
CP JOHNSON, R. W., CURTIS, S. E., DANTZER, R., and KELLEY, K. W. 1991. neuroimmune
interactions in chickens central and peripheral injections of lipopolysaccharide. EIGHTIETH
ANNUAL MEETING OF THE POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOCIATION
Nut def Johnson, Ronald C. and Shah, ShantilalN. effect of feeding zinc deficient diet and restricted
food intake during early post weaning period on rat brain development : myelin and
synaptosome content and lipid composition. Biochem. Arch. (1987) 3(1): 77-84.
Drug Johnson, S L and Pond, W G. inorganic vs. organic hg[mercury] toxicity in growing rats:
protection by dietary se [selenium] butnotzn[zinc]. Nutr Rep Int Feb 1974 9 (2): 135-147. Ref.
Drug Johnson, S L and Pond, W G. inorganic vx. organic hg [mercury] toxicity in growing rats:
protection by dietary se but not zn [selenium, zinc]. Nutr Rep Int Feb 1974 9 (2): 135-147. Ref.
Drug Johnson, Sharon L. and Pond, Wilson G. inorganic vs. organic mercury toxicity in growing rats
. protection by dietary selenium but not zinc. Nutr. Rep. Int. (1974) 9(2): 135-47.
Abstract Johnson, W. T. and Canfield, W. K. effects of dietary zinc and protein on intestinal absorption
and excretion of zinc in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. 69TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ANAHEIM,
CALIF., USA, APR. 21-26, 1985. FED PROC. 44 (4). 1985. 995.
No COC Johnson, W. T. and Canfield, W. K. 1986. the effects of endogenous picolinic acid on zinc
metabolism in the rat. Nutrition Research. 6(10): 1189-1200.
Alt Johnson, W. T. and Canfield, W. K. 1985. intestinal absorption and excretion of zinc in
streptozotocin-diabetic rats as affected by dietary zinc and protein. Journal of Nutrition 115(9):
1217-27.
Alt Johnson, W. T. and Canfield, W. K. 1985. intestinal absorption and exretion of zinc in
streptozotocin-diabetic rats as affected by dietary zinc and protein. The Journal Of Nutrition.
115(9): 1217-1227.
No Dose Johnson, W. T. and Evans, G. W. isolation of a copper zinc thionein from the small intestine of
neo natal rats. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 96(1). 1980. 10-17.
No Oral Johnson, W. T. and Evans, G. W. 1982. tissue uptake of zinc in rats following the administration
of zinc dipicolinate or zinc histidinate. Journal of Nutrition 112(5): 914-9.
Alt Johnson, W. T. JONUA and Evans, G. W. 1984. effects of the interrelationship between dietary
protein and minerals on tissue content of trace metals in streptozotocin-diabetic rats (zinc, iron,
copper, picolinic carboxylase). The Journal Of Nutrition. 114(1): 180-190.
Mix Johnson, W. Thomas and Canfield, Wesley K. the effects of endogenous picolinic acid on zinc
Eco-SSL for Zinc 379 June 2007
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metabolism in the rat. Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) (1986) 6(10): 1189-200.
Alt Johnson, W. Thomas and Canfield, Wesley K. intestinal absorption and excretion of zinc in
streptozotocin-diabetic rats as affected by dietary zinc and protein. J. Nutr. (1985) 115(9):
1217-27.
Nut def Johnson, W. Thomas and Saari, Jack T. temporal changes in heart size, hematocrit and
erythrocyte membrane protein in copper-deficient rats. Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) (1991) 11(12):
1403-14.
Drug Johnston, N. P. and Arscott, G. H. 1974. effect of a fermentation residue and an antibiotic on
growth of chickens fed rations containing corn or wheat. Poultry Science. 53 (4): 1335-1341.
Phys Johnston, R. E. 1992. vomeronasal and/or olfactory mediation of ultrasonic calling and scent
marking by female golden hamsters. Physiology & Behavior 51(3): 437-48.
Phys Johnston, R. E. and Mueller, U. G. 1990. olfactory but not vomeronasal mediation of scent
marking by male golden hamsters. Physiology & Behavior 48(5): 701-6.
No Oral Jonasson, H., Basu, S., Andersson, B., andKindahl, H. 1984. renal excretion of prostaglandin
metabolites arginine vasopressin and sodium during endo toxin and endogenous pyrogen induced
fever in the goat. Ada Physiologica Scandinavica. 120(4): 529-536.
No COC Jones, A. P., Olster, D. H., and States, B. 1996. maternal insulin manipulations in rats organize
body weight and noradrenergic innervation of the hypothalamus in gonadally intact male
offspring. Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research 97(1): 16-21.
Bio Ace Jones, F. T., Hagler, W. M. Jr., and Hamilton, P. B. 1984. correlation of aflatoxin contamination
with zinc content of chickenfeed. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 47(3): 478-480.
CP JONES, J. D. rapeseed protein concentrates-toxicology and nutrition. PROCINTRAPESEED
CONF5TH 2:128-132,1979
Abstract JONES, M. L., THORESON, T. E., RAO, B. S., and SANDSTEAD, H. H. effects of chronic
cadmium exposure on tissue metals and blood pressure in female rats. FED PROC; 37 (3). 1978
894
Unrel Jones, P. J. H.,Leichter, J., and Lee, M. 1981. uptake of zinc, folate and analogs of glucose and
amino acid by the rat fetus exposed to alcohol in utero. Nutrition Reports International. 24 (1):
75-83.
Mix Jones, S. G., Jones, M. M., Holscher, M. A., and Vaughn, W. K. 1988. the effect of zinc on the
dithiocarbamate-induced mobilization of cadmium deposits in mice. Journal of Toxicology and
Environmental Health 23(1): 91-101.
Mix Jones, Shirley G., Jones, Mark M., Holscher, Myron A., and Vaughn, William K. the effect of
zinc on the dithiocarbamate-induced mobilization of cadmium deposits in mice. J. Toxicol.
Environ. Health (1988) 23(1): 91-101.
CP JONGBLOED, A. W. and LENIS, N. P. 1969-1993. excretion of nitrogen and some minerals by
livestock. VERSTEGEN
FL Jonson, G. and Jacobsson, S.-O. 1973. (effectof dietary antibiotics on calf mortality). Svensk
Veterinartidning 25(No.l): 17-22.
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Nut Jordan, D., Suck, C., Veisseire, M, and Chazot, G. 1986. zinc may play a role in the regulation
of thyrotropin function. Hormone Research 24(4): 263-268.
HHE Jordan, J., Ghadge, G. D., Prehn, J. H., Toth, P. T., Roos, R. P., and Miller, R. J. 1995.
expression of human copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase inhibits the death of rat sympathetic
neurons caused by withdrawal of nerve growth factor. Molecular Pharmacology 47(6): 1095-
1100.
Nut def Joschko, Marion A., Dreosti, Ivor E., and Tulsi, Ram S. zinc/vitamin a interactions and
teratogenesis in rats : a light and electron microscope study. Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) (1989) 9(2):
205-16.
Nut def Joseph, C. E., Ashrafi, S. H., and Waterhouse, J. P. structural changes in rabbit oral epithelium
caused by zinc deficiency. Journal of Nutrition. Ill (1). 1981. 53-57.
Nut def Joseph, Charles E., Ashrafi, Shahid E., and Waterhouse, John P. structural changes in rabbit
oral epithelium caused by zinc deficiency. J. Nutr. (1981) 111(1): 53-7.
Nut def Joseph, Charles E., Ashrafi, Shahid H., Steinberg, Arnold D., and Waterhouse, John P. zinc
deficiency changes in the permeability of rabbit periodontium to 14c-phenytoin and 14c-
albumin. J. Periodontol. (1982) 53(4): 251-6.
No Oral Joyamma, V., Rao, S. G., Hrishikeshavan, H. J., Aroor, A. R., and Kulkarni, D. R. 1990.
biochemical mechanisms and effects of mimosa pudica (linn) on experimental urolithiasis in rats.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 28(3): 237-40.
Unrel Jubb, T. F. Melbourne Univ. Maffra Australia Rural Veterinary Unit, Malmo, J. Maffra Veterinary
Centre Maffra Australia, Morton, J. M. Victorian Dept. of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Warrnambool Australia, Button, C., and Jerrett, I. V. Victorian Dept. of Agriculture and Rural
Affairs Bairnsdale Australia Regional Veterinary Lab. 1990. inherited epidermal dysplasia in
holstein-friesian calves [baldy calf syndrome; case study]. Australian Veterinary Journal. V.
67(1) P. 16-18
CP Judd, A. M., Macleod, R. M., and Login, I. S. zinc may regulate pituitary prolactin secretion.
FREDERICKSON, C. J., G. A. HOWELL AND E. J. KASARSKIS (ED.). NEUROLOGY AND
NEUROBIOLOGY, VOL. 11 A. THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF ZINC, PART A.
PHYSIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, AND TECHNIQUES; PROCEEDINGS OF A SATELLITE
SYMPOSIUM TO THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE,
BOSTON, MASS., USA, NOV. 4-6, 1983. XIV+390P. ALAN R. LISS, INC.: NEW YORK, N.Y.,
USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-8451-2712-8. 0 (0). 1984. 91-104.
In Vit Judd, Allan M., Macleod, Robert M., and Login, Ivan S. zinc acutely, selectively and reversibly
inhibits pituitary prolactin secretion. Brain Res. (1984) 294(1): 190-2.
Bio Ace Juneja, S. C., Harjit Kaur, and Arora, S. P. National Dairy Research Inst. Karnal India Dairy Cattle
Nutrition Div. 1989. effects ration and season on plasma levels of iron, copper and zinc in
crossbred cows during estrous cycle. Asian Journal of Dairy Research. V. 8(3) P. 133-138
CP Jung, S. C(A), Oh, S. J(A), Kim, J. H., Koh, J. Y., and Shin, H. C(A). 1998. the effects of
physiological concentration of beta-amyloid on the sensory transmission in the primary
somatosensory (si) cortex of anesthetized rats. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 24(1-2):
1457.
CP Jurata, L. W., Kenny, D. A., and Gill, G. N. 1996. nuclear lim interactor, a rhombotin and lim
homeodomain interacting protein, is expressed early in neuronal development. Proceedings of
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the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of
Abstract Juriloff, D. M, Harris, M. I, Hall, J. L., and Tredwell, S. A. dietary effect on frequency of
exencephaly in selh/bc mice. Teratology 1996Feb;53(2):113
OAC Jurvelin, J., Lahtinen, T., Kiviranta, L, Arnala, L, Lappalainen, R., Tammi, M., and Helminen, H.
J. 1988. blood flow, histomorphology and elemental composition of the canine femur after
physical training or immobilization. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 132(3): 385-9.
Drug Juzwiak, S., Wojcicki, J., Machoy-Mokrzynska, A., Samochowiec, L., Biaecka, M., Juzyszyn, Z.,
Barcew-Wiszniewska, B., Skowron, J., Rozewicka, L., and Kadlubowska, D. effect of lecithin on
the development of experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits. Phytomedicine (1996) 2(3):
199-204.
Mix Kadiiska, M., Stoichev, C., and Serbinova, E. effect of multiple application of some heavy metals
on nadph-dependent peroxidation of lipids. Eksp. Med. Morfol. (1984) 23(3): 123-6.
No Oral Kadiri Mukaila(A), Bedri Babiker A, and Ajao Salami S. 1995. lexicological screening of some
nigerian wild legumes. Revista De Biologia Tropical 44(1): 269-274.
Nut def Kadrabova, J., Madaric, A., and Ginter, E. zinc and copper in the tissues and serum of cadmium
intoxicated guinea pigs : influence of vitamin c. Physiol. Res. (Prague) (1993) 42(4): 261-
6.
Phys Kadzere, C. T(A), Llewelyn, C. A., and Chivandi, E. 1997. plasma progesterone, calcium,
magnesium and zinc concentrations from oestrus synchronization to weaning in indigenous goats
in Zimbabwe. Small Ruminant Research 24(1): 21-26.
Mix Kaeaentee, E., Kurkela, P. Food and Public Health Laboratory Kauhajoki Finland, and Jaakkola,
K. Kristiina Medical Centre Kristiinankaupunki Finland. 1982. effects of dietary organic
selenium content on fowls, chicks and eggs [iron, zinc, copper, sulphur, fe, zn, cu, s]. Journal of
the Scientific Agricultural Society of Finland. V. 54(2) P. 113-118
FL Kaemmerer, K. and Budden, R. 1972. zinc bacitracin and its tolerance. Zentralblatt Fur
Veterinarmedizin 19A(8): 686-704.
Unrel Kaemmerer, K. and Fink, J. 1984. model experiments for increasing the efficacy of zinc
bacitracin. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 91(9): 320-324.
FL Kaemmerer, K. and Kietzmann, M. 1983. stress-protective effect of orally administered zinc
bacitracin inrats. Zentralblatt Fur Veterinarmedizin, A 30(9): 712-721.
Abstract Kaiser, L. L., Tamura, T., Halsted, C. H., and Hurley, L. S. intestinal and hepatic folate conjugase
in zinc deficient rats. 65TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN
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Nut def Keen, C. L., Cohen, N. L., Hurley, L. S., and Lonnerdal, B. 1984. molecular localization of
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Nut def Keen, C. L. and Hurley, L. S. 1987. effects of zinc-deficiency on prenatal and postnatal-
development. Neurotoxicology 8(3): 379-387.
CP Keen, C. L., Loennerdal, B., and Hurley, L. S. developmental changes in zinc and copper in
mouse and rat tissues. Trace Elem. Metab. Man Anim. Proc. Int. Symp., 4th (1982): Meeting
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CP Keen, C. L., Lonnerdal, B., and Hurley, L. S. 1980. developmental-changes in the molecular-
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CP Keen, C. L., Lonnerdal, B., and Hurley, L. S. teratogenicity of dietary and drug induced copper
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Abstract KEEN, C. L., MASTERS, D. G., LONNERDAL, B., And HURLEY, L. S. maternal-fetal
partitioning of zinc and copper under conditions of dietary deficiency. TERA TOLOGY
27(2):55A-56A,1983
Abstract KEEN, C. L., MUTCH, P. B., LOENNERDAL, B., AMEMIYA, K., and HURLEY, L. S. effect
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of zinc supplementation on magnesium deficiency in pregnant rats. TERA TOLOGY 23:44A-
45AJ981
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of dietary zinc intake on pregnancy outcome in rhesus monkeys. 75TH ANNUAL MEETING OF
THE FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ATLANTA,
GEORGIA, USA, APRIL 21-25, 1991. FASEB (FED AMSOCEXPBIOL) J. 5 (5). 1991. A937.
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Drug Keen, C. L., Saltman, P., and Hurley, L. S. 1980. copper nitrilotriacetate: a potent therapeutic
agent in the treatment of a genetic disorder of copper metabolism. American Journal of Clinical
Nutrition 33(8): 1789-1800.
Nut def Keen, Carl L., Cohen, Nancy L., Hurley, Lucille S., and Lonnerdal, Bo. molecular localization of
copper and zinc in rat fetal liver in dietary and drug-induced copper deficiency. Biochem.
Biophys.Res. Commun. (1984) 118(3): 697-703 .
No COC Keen, Carl L., Cohen, Nancy L., Lonnerdal, Bo, and Hurley, Lucille S. low tissue copper and
teratogenesis in trientine-treated rats. Lancet (1982) 1(8281): 1127.
No Dose Keen, Carl L. and Hurley, Lucille S. developmental changes in concentrations of iron, copper,
and zinc in mouse tissues. Mech. Ageing Dev. (1980) 13(2): 161-76.
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OAC Keen, Carl L., Loennerdal, Bo, Sloan, Martin V., and Hurley, Lucille S. effects of milking
procedure on rat milk composition. Physiol. Behav. (1980) 24(3): 613-15.
No Tox Keen, Carl L., Lonnerdal, Bo, and Fisher, Gerald L. seasonal variations and the effects of age on
serum copper and zinc values in the dog. Am. J. Vet. Res. (1981) 42(2): 347-50.
Nut def Keen, Carl L., Lonnerdal, Bo, Golub, Mari S., Olin, Katherine L., Graham, Thomas W., Uriu-
Hare, Janet Y., Hendrickx, Andrew G., and Gershwin, M. Eric, effect of the severity of maternal
zinc deficiency on pregnancy outcome and infant zinc status in rhesus monkeys. Pediatr. Res.
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Mix Keen, Carl L., Lonnerdal, Bo, Sloan, Martin V., and Hurley, Lucille S. effect of dietary iron,
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Nut def Keen, Carl L., Reinstein, Nancy H., Goudey-Lefevre, Jo, Lefevre, Michael, Lonnerdal, Bo,
Schneeman, Barbara O., and Hurley, Lucille S. effect of dietary copper and zinc levels on
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nutritional and environmental influences on immunocompetence. swine
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lactating dairy cows. 66TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN DAIRY SCIENCE
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Unrel Keppen, L. D., Pysher, T., and Rennert, O. M. 1985. zinc deficiency acts as a co-teratogen with
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Drug Keppen, Laura Davis, Moore, Donald J., and Cannon, Donald J. zinc nutrition in fetal alcohol
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Nut Kidd, M. T., Anthony, N. B., and Lee, S. R. 1992. progeny performance when dams and chicks
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ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SO UTHERN PO UL TRY SCIENCE SOCIETY, A TLANTA,
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zinc methionine on stressed laying hens . 79THANNUAL MEETING OF THE POULTRY
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Nut def Kienholz, E. W., Moreng, R. E., andFlinchum, J. D. 1992. zinc methionine for stressed laying
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FL Kietzmann, M. 1984 . oral substitution of zinc deficit with zinc aspartate and zinc carbonate in
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the offspring of the rat:fetal growth,birth weight,gestation period and fetal mortality. DIABETES
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FL Kim, M. H. and Sung, C. J. 1991. the effect of the levels of dietary zinc and alcohol consumption
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FL Kirchgessner, M., Plank, J., and Roth H-P. effect of alimentary zinc deficiency on vitamin a and
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FL Kirchgessner, M., Plank, I, and Roth, H. P. 1987. effect of dietary deficiency of zinc on
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FL Kirchgessner, M., Plank, J., and Roth, H. P. effect of dietary zinc deficiency on vitamin a and
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FL Kirchgessner, M. and Roth, F. X. olaquindox, a new growth promoter in animal nutrition. 3.in
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Given at From 5 to SOMg/KgMilkReplacer. Up to lOMg Had Little Effect. With 25 Mg or More
Gain Was Increased by 8% and Efficiency by 6%. Olaquindox Was Better Than Zinc Bacitracin at
80Mg/Kg. Carcasses Were Not Affected. Olaquindox Was Equally Effective at All Ages. (From
Summary).
FL Kirchgessner, M. and Roth, F. X. olaquindox a new growth promotor in animal nutrition part 3 its
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FL Kirchgessner, M. and Roth, H. P. 1975. estimation of the metabolic availability of zinc and
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Phys Nair, Neena, Bedwal, R S, and Mathur, R S. effect of adrenalectomy and adrenalectomy +
hydrocortisone treatment on histopathological, biochemical and zinc and copper profiles in rat
testes. Indian J. Exp. Biol. (1995) Volume Date 1995, 33(9): 655-63.
No COC Nair Neena, Bedwal, R. S., and Mathur, R. S. 1998. zinc, copper and hydrolytic enzymes in
epididymis of hydrocortisone treated rat. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 36(1): 22-33.
Alt Nair, Neena, Edwards, M. S., Bedwal, R. S., and Mathur, R. S. 1987. effect of adrenalectomy
and adrenalectomy-hydrocortisone treatment on zinc, biochemical parameters and histology of
testes of rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 25(10): 651-9.
HHE Nair Satish K, Krebs Joseph F, Christiansen David W, and Fierke Carol A(A). 1995. structural
basis of inhibitor affinity to variants of human carbonic anhydrase ii. Biochemistry 34(12):
3981-3989.
No COC Najda, Jacek, Gminski, Jan, Drozdz, Marian, and Danch, Alojzy. silicon metabolism, the
interrelations of inorganic silicon (si) with systemic iron (fe), zinc (zn), and copper (cu) pools in
the rat. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. (1992) 34(2): 185-95.
Gene Nakagawa, R., Sato, R.,Futai, M.,Yokosawa, H., and Maeda, M. 1997. gastric gata-6 dna-
binding protein: proteolysis induced by camp. FEES Letters 408(3): 301-5.
Nut def Nakajima, Katsuyuki and Suzuki, Keiji. the cytotoxic effect of endotoxin on bone marrow cells in
zinc deficient rats. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. (1996) 179(3): 183-191.
Abstract Nakamoto, T. effects of caffeine on tooth germ development in newborn rats. 18TH ANNUAL
SESSION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH, SAN FRANCISCO,
CALIFORNIA, USA, MARCH 15-19, 1989. J DENT RES. 68 (Spec. Issue). 1989. 281.
CP Nakamoto, T. effects of zinc supplementation to a caffeine diet on developing teeth. 69TH
GENERAL SESSION OF THE INTERNA TIONAL ASSOCIA TION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH,
20TH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH,
AND THE 12TH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE MEXICAN DIVISION OF THEIADR
(INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH), ACAPULCO, MEXICO, APRIL
17-21, 1991. J DENT RES. 70 (Spec. Issue April). 1991. 336.
Abstract Nakamoto, T. interaction between caffeine and zinc on newborn rat brain. 73RD ANNUAL
MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL
BIOLOGY, NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, USA, MARCH 19-23, 1989. FASEB (FEDAMSOC
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EXP BIOL) J. 3 (3). 1989. A463.
CP Nakamoto, T., Gottschalk, S., Yazdani, M., and Rossowska, M. alteration of mandibular growth
by caffeine and zinc supplemented diets. 68TH GENERAL SESSION OF THE
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH AND THE 19TH ANNUAL
SESSION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH, CINCINNATI,
OHIO, USA, MARCH 7-11, 1990. J DENT RES. 69 (Spec. Issue Mar.). 1990. 293.
Drug Nakamoto, T., Gottschalk, S. B., Yazdani, M., and Joseph, F. Jr. combined effects of caffeine and
zinc in the maternal diet on fetal brains. FASEB J 1991;5(5):A1319
No COC Nakamoto, T., Grant, S., and Yazdani, M. the effects of maternal caffeine intake during
pregnancy on mineral contents of fetal rat bone. Res. Exp. Med. (1989) 189(4): 275-80.
FL Nakamoto, T.,Hartman, A. D., and Joseph, F. Jr. 1989. interaction between caffeine intake and
nutritional status on growing brains in newborn rats. Annals Of Nutrition And Metabolism.
33(2): 92-99.
Unrel Nakamoto, T., Joseph, F. Jr, Yazdani, M., and Hartman, A. D. 1988. effects of different levels of
caffeine supplemented to the maternal diet on the brains of newborn rats and their dams.
Toxicology Letters 44(1-2): 167-75.
CP Nakamoto, T., Roy, G., Gottschalk, S. B., and Yazdani, M. chronic caffeine intake in early life
permanently affects brain composition and behavior in later life in rats. 74TH ANNUAL
MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL
BIOLOGY, PARTI, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, APRIL 1-5, 1990. FASEB (FEDAMSOCEXP
BIOL) J. 4 (3). 1990. A538.
CP Nakamoto, T., Wink, C. S., Rossowska, M. J., and Yazdani, M. 1999. effects of caffeine on the
ultrastructure of cardiac mitochondria in growing rats. FASEB Journal 13(4 PARTI): A219.
Abstract NAKAMOTO, T., YAZDANI, M., and GRANT, S. 1988. effects of different levels of maternal
caffeine intake during pregnancy on mandibular growth of fetal rats. 66TH GENERAL SESSION
OF THE INTERNA TIONAL ASSOCIA TION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH
FL Nakamoto, Tetsuo, Hartman, Arthur D., and Joseph, Fred Jr. interaction between caffeine intake
and nutritional status on growing brains in newborn rats. Ann. Nutr. Metab. (1989) 33(2): 92-
9.
Drug Nakamoto, Tetsuo and Joseph, Fred Jr. interaction between caffeine and zinc on brain in newborn
rats. Biol.Neonate(1991) 60(2): 118-26.
Drug Nakamoto, Tetsuo, Roy, Gregg, Gottschalk, Sheila B., Yazdani, Malektaj, and Rossowska,
Magdalena. lasting effects of early chronic caffeine feeding on rats ' behavior and brain in later
life. Physiol. Behav. (1991) 49(4): 721-7.
Bio Ace Nakamura, Hisao, Uesaka, Fumito, Asonuma, Kaori, and Yoshizawa, Minako. 1995.
determination of zinc contents in barley and protective effect of zinc on water-immersion-induced
stress ulcer of rats. Koshien Daigaku Kiyo A 22: 35-9.
Alt Nakamura, Hisao, Uesaka, Fumito, Asonuma, Kaoru, Nakagawa, Rie, and Yoshizawa, Minako.
1997. protective effects of zinc and selenium on gastric stress ulcer induced by water immersion
in rats. Koshien Daigaku Kiyo A 24: 15-18.
No COC Nakamura, Kaoru, Hayakawa, Takashi, Takita, Toshichika, Fukutomi, Asako, Saigo, Mitsuhiko,
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Suzuki, Kazuharu, Goto, Shiro, Innami, Satoshi, Fukui, Yoshitaka, and et al. 1988. dietary fiber
effects of microfibrillated cellulose-carbohydrate mixture, ii. effect of intake of microfibrillated
cellulose-carbohydrate mixture on growth , fecal weight, and gastrointestinal transit time in
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FL Nakamura, Kenichi, Nishiyama, Shoji, Takata, Tsutomu, Suzuki, Eiko, Sugiura, Yumiko, and
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FL Nakamura, Kenichi, Takata, Tsutomu, Suzuki, Eiko, Sugiura, Yumiko, and Kobayashi, Terumi.
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Nut def Nakamura, Kikuhiro. experimental study on zinc metabolism and pancreatic function in the
fibrotic pancreas after pancreatic duct ligation in dogs. Suizo (1991) 6(4): 393-405.
Alt Nakamura Manabu T, Phinney Stephen D(A), Tang Anna B, Oberbauer Anita M, German, J.
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hormone expression in the mglOl transgenic mouse. Lipids 31(2): 139-143.
FL Nakamura, Shoichi, Tanaka, Katsumi, Sono, Tadashi, Tanaka, Takayuki, Tokuchi, Mikio,
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antimony poisoning, ii. Shiga-Kenhtsu Eisei Kankyo Senta Shoho (1981) : 16, 88-94.
FL Nakanishi, Takeo and Izumimoto, Masatoshi. color of meat. vi. effect of zinc in feed on
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Herp Nakata Katsunori, Nagai Takeharu, Aruga Jun(A), and Mikoshiba Katsuhiko. 1998. xenopus zic
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In Vit Nakatani, Teruyo, Ohtani, Kimiko, Yano, Yoshihisa, Otani, Shuzo, and Matsui-Yuasa, Isao. the
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Alt Nakatani Toshiya, Inouye Masayori, and Mirochnitchenko Oleg(A). 1997. overexpression of
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Abstract NAKAURA, S., KAWANISHI, T., OHNO, Y., KAWASHIMA, K., TANAKA, S.,
TAKAHASHI, A., TAKANAKA, A., OMORI, Y., andMATUMOTO,K. 1985. fetal toxicity of
zinc ethylphenyldithiocarbamate 3 mechanism of formation of methemoglobin caused by zinc
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ethylphenyldithiocarbamate. 21ST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
FL Nakaura, S., Tanaka, S., Kawashima, K., Takanaka, A., and Omori, Y. 1984. [effects of zinc
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Org Met NAKAURA, S., TANAKA, S., KAWASHIMA, K., TAKANAKA, A., and OMORI, Y.
teratological studies of zinc ethylphenyldithiocarbamate(zepc),a vulcanization accelerator for
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Org Met Nakaya, Fumio, Tanikawa, Tsutomu, Kikuchi, Yuji, Takahashi, Haruo, and Koishi, Masumi.
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Phys Nakayama, H., Scott, I. C., and Cross, J. C. 1998. the transition to endoreduplication in
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Plant Nambiar, K. K. M. and Motiramani, D. P. effect of zinc nutrition on the yield and nutrient
composition of chickpea (cicer arietinum 1.) as related to four soil types. Z. Acker- Pflanzenbau
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No COC Nandy, P., Sinha, R. K., and Haider, K. effect of locust bean gum on liver and serum cholesterol
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No Oral Narbaitz, Roberto, Riedel, Karen D., and Kacew, Sam. induction of feather malformations in
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HHE Nartey, N. O., Banerjee, D., and Cherian, M. G. 1987. immunohistochemical localization of
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Drug Nash, T. and Rice, W. G. 1998. efficacies of zinc-finger-active drugs against giardia lamblia.
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CP NATH, R.,PALIWAL, V. K., PRASAD, R., andKAMBADUR, R. 1952. role of
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FL Navarro, M. P., Duarte, T., Perez-Granados, A. M, and Vaquero, M. P. 1990. [pregnant rats
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No Oral Naveh, Y., Lee-Ambrose, L. M., Samuelson, D. A., and Cousins, R. J. 1993 . malabsorption of
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Drug Navia, J. M. 1974.Experimental Study of Wound Healing on Bone and Oral Tissue in Two
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HHE Nazareth, L. V., Harbour, D. V., and Thompson, E. B. 1991. mapping the human glucocorticoid
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CP Neathery, M. W., Crowe, C. T., Hartnell, G. F., and Veenhuizen, J. J. influence of sometribove on
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Food Neathery, M. W., Miller, W. J., Blackmon, D. M., and Gentry, R. P. performance and milk zinc
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1980. effects of dietary aflatoxin on performance and zinc metabolism indairy calves. Journal
of Dairy Science 63(5): 789-799 .
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the subchronic administration of zinc ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (zineb) to rabbits.
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Abstract RECORD, I. R., DREOSTI, I. E., and TULSI, R. S. fetal outcome following transient zinc
deficiency in the pregnant rat. TERATOLOGY 33(3):6B, 1986
Nut def Record, I. R., Dreosti, I. E., and Tulsi, R. S. 1987. growth and development of the zinc-deficient
mouse embryo. Nutrition Research 7(11): 1209-1214.
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Nut def Record, I. R., Dreosti, I. E., and Tulsi, R. S. 1985. invitro development of zinc-deficient and
replete rat embryos. Australian Journal Of Experimental Biology And Medical Science 1985,
V63, Feb, P65-71
In Vit Record, I. R., Dreosti, I. E., Tulsi, R. S., and Manuel, S. J. 1984. growth of zinc-deficient rat
embryos invitro . Teratology 29: A53.
Nut def Record, I. R., Dreosti, I. E., Tulsi, R. S., and Manuel, S. J. maternal metabolism and teratogenesis
in zinc-deficient rats. Teratology (1986) 33(3): 311-17
Abstract RECORD, I. R., DREOSTI, I. E., TULSI, R. S., MANUEL, S. J., and FRASER, F. J. the zinc
deficient rat embryo: morphological and biochemical observations. TERATOLOGY
30(1) :49A, 1984
Nut def Record, I. R., Tulsi, R. S., and Dreosti, I. E. 1986. dietary zinc-deficiency induces cell necrosis in
rat embryos. Teratology 33: B4.
In Vit Record, I. R., Tulsi, R. S., Dreosti, I. E., and Fraser, F. J. 1985. cellular necrosis in zinc-deficient
rat embryos. Teratology 32(3): 397-405.
Nut def Record, I. R., Tulsi, R. S., Dreosti, I. E., and Manuel, S. J. 1985. induction of teratogenic
abnormalities in rats by maternal dietary zinc-deficiency. Journal Of Anatomy 1985, V142, Oct,
P223
In Vit Record, I. R. LIFSA, Dreosti, I. E., Manuel, S. J., and Buckley, R. A. interactions of cadmium
and zinc in cultured rat embryos (maternal malnourishment, maternal nutrition). Life Sciences.
Dec 13, 1982. v. 31 (24) p. 2735-2743. ill.
Nut def Record, Ian R., Dreosti, Ivor E., and Tulsi, Ram S. growth and development of the zinc-
deficient mouse embryo. Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) (1987) 7(11): 1209-14
Alt Reddi Alluru S and Bollineni Jaya S. 1997. renal cortical expression of mrnas for antioxidant
enzymes in normal and diabetic rats. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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No COC Reddy, Bandaru S., Pleasants, Julian R., and Wostmann, Bernard S. effect of intestinal microflora
on iron and zinc metabolism, and on activities of metalloenzymes in rats. J. Nutr. (1972)
102(1): 101-7.
CP REDDY, C. S. 1986. antidotal use of zinc and sodium sulfate against chronic cadmium toxicity
in calves and mice. FO URTHINTERNA TIONAL CONGRESS OF TOXICOLOGY
Gene Reddy, J. C., Hosono, S., and Licht, J. D. 1995. the transcriptional effect of wtl is modulated by
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No COC Redman, K. L. and Rechsteiner, M. 1989. identification of the long ubiquitin extension as
ribosomal protein s27a. Nature 338(6214): 438-40.
Abstract Redman, R. S., Calhoun, N. R., and Smith, J. C. Jr. pre weaning zinc deficiency impairs
development of rat submandibular granular ducts. 60TH GENERAL SESSION OF THE
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH AND ANNUAL SESSION OF THE
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH, NEW ORLEANS, LA., USA, MARCH
18-21, 1982. J DENT RES. 61 (Spec. Issue). 1982. 324.
Unrel Redman, R. S., Hsiao, L. L., Mcnutt, R. L., Larson, R. H., and Smith, J. C. 1986. moderate zinc-
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deficiency during postnatal-development affects caries in rats. Journal Of Dental Research 65:
200.
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CP Reed, J. R. dietary factors affecting fertility and hatchability in chickens and turkeys. AM FEED
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Abstract Reese, R. N., Nulty, E., and Wagner, G. J. differences in the behavior of tobacco and cabbage leaf
cadmium complexes vs. rat cadmium zinc thionein under native and denaturing conditions.
ANNUALMEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS,
PROVIDENCE, R.I., USA, JUNE 23-28, 1985. PLANTPHYSIOL (BETHESDA). 77 (Suppl. 4).
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CP Reeves, P. G. effect of cis diamminedichloroplatinum ddp on metallothionein mt and trace
element metabolism in rats fed different amounts of dietary zinc and copper. 74TH ANNUAL
MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL
BIOLOGY, PARTI, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, APRIL 1-5, 1990. FASEB (FEDAMSOCEXP
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CP Reeves, P. G. 1996. the effects of excess dietary zinc (zn) on copper (cu) metabolism in rats are
age-and diet-dependent. FASEB Journal 10(3): A531.
Nut def Reeves, P. G., Frissell, S. G., and O'Dell, B. L. 1977. response of serum corticosterone to acth
and stress in the zinc-deficient rat. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and
Medicine; 156
CP Reeves, P. G. and Nelson, K. L. 1991. cis-diamminedichloroplatinum treatment and trace
element metabolism in rats fed different amounts of dietary zinc and copper. Trace Elem.
ManAnim. 7: Monogr. Proc., Round Tables Discuss. Int. Symp., 7th : Meeting Date 1990, 24-8-
24/9. Editor(s): Momcilovic, Berislav. Publisher: Inst. Med. Res. Occup. Health Univ. Zagreb,
Zagreb, Yugoslavia..
Drug Reeves, P. G. and Nelson, K. L. effect of zinc pretreatment on cisplatin toxicity and trace element
metabolism in rats. Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine. 4(2). 1991.89-102.
CP Reeves, P. G., Nelson, K. L., and Bobilya, D. J. short-term effects of depot zinc and high dietary
zinc on zinc copper and iron metabolism in rats. 75TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ATLANTA,
GEORGIA, USA, APRIL 21-25, 1991. FASEB (FED AMSOC EXP BIOL) J. 5 (5). 1991. A1290.
Nut def Reeves, P. G., Noordewier, B., and Saari, J. T. effect of copper deficiency and cis-
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Nut def Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. 1988. effect of zinc deficiency on blood pressure in rats fed
normal and high levels of dietary calcium. Nutrition Research. 8(10): 1143-1150.
CP Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. the effects of a mild zinc deficiency on glucose metabolism in
fasted-refed rats. Trace Elements In Man And Animals : Tema 5 : Proceedings Of The Fifth
International Symposium On Trace Elements In Man And Animals /Editors C.f. Mills, I. Bremner,
& J.k. Chesters. p. 55-58.
Nut def Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. 1986. effects of dietary zinc deprivation on the activity of
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angiotensin-converting enzyme in serum of rats and guinea pigs. The Journal Of Nutrition.
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CP Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. 1985. the effects of zinc deficiency on glucose metabolism in
isolated adipocytes of rats. Trace Elem. ManAnim. — TEMA 5 Proc. Int. Symp., 5th : Meeting
Date 1984, 58-61. Editor(s): Mills, C. F.; Bremner, L; Chesters, J. K. Publisher: CAB, Farnham
Royal, Slough, UK.
CP Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. 1982. regulation of protein intake in zinc deficient rats. Trace
Elem. Metab. ManAnim. Proc. Int. Symp., 4th : Meeting Date 1981, 338-41. Editor(s):
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CP Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. regulation of protein intake in zinc deficient rats (food intake,
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Nut def Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. 1981. short-term zinc deficiency in the rat and serf-selection of
dietary protein level. The Journal Of Nutrition. Ill (2): 375-383.
Nut def Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, B. L. 1988. zinc deficiency in rats and angiotensin-converting enzyme
activity: comparative effects on lung and testis. The Journal Of Nutrition. 118(5): 622-626.
CP Reeves, P. G. and O'Dell, Boyd L. 1985. the effects of a mild zinc deficiency on glucose
metabolism in fasted-refed rats. Trace Elem. Man Anim. — TEMA 5 Proc. Int. Symp., 5th :
Meeting Date 1984, 55-8. Editor(s): Mills, C. F.; Bremner, L; Chesters, J. K. Publisher: CAB,
Farnham Royal, Slough, UK.
Abstract Reeves, P. G. and Odell, B. L. 1976. influence of dietary zinc on tyrosine and tryptophan
contents of rat-brain. Journal Of Nutrition 106: R17.
CP Reeves, P. G., Rossow, K. L., and Skinner, B. K. 1993. effects of high dietary zinc and cadmium
on copper status in rats: relationship to intestinal metallothionein (imt). FASEB Journal 7(3-4):
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Nut def Reeves, P. G. BJNUA and O'Dell, B. L. 1983. the effect of zinc deficiency on glucose
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Nut Reeves, Philip G. copper status of adult male rats is not affected by feeding an ain-93g-based
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Nut def Reeves, Philip G. zinc deficiency and dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase activity: comparative effects
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Nut def Reeves, Philip G. and O'Dell, Boyd L. 1988. effect of zinc deficiency on blood pressure in rats
fed normal and high levels of dietary calcium. Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) 8(10): 1143-50.
Nut def Reeves, Philip G. and O'Dell, Boyd L. 1986. effects of dietary zinc deprivation on the activity
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34.
Nut def Reeves, Philip G. and O'Dell, Boyd L. short-term zinc deficiency in the rat and self-selection of
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Nut def Reeves, Philip G. and O'Dell, Boyd L. 1988. zinc deficiency in rats and angiotensin-converting
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No Oral Reeves, Philip G. and Rossow, Kerry L. exposure to excessive parenteral zinc and/or cisplatin
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Mix Reeves, Philip G. and Rossow, Kerry L. 1996. zinc- and/or cadmium-induced intestinal
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No Oral Reeves, Philip G. and Saari, Jack T. effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii) on
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Nut def Reinhold, John G., Kfoury, George A., and Arslanian, Michael, relation of zinc and calcium
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MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL
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Fate Reinstein, N. H., Lonnerdal, B., Keen, C. L., Schneeman, B. O., and Hurley, L. S. 1987. the
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zinc deficiency upon pituitary function in sexually mature and immature male rats. J. Nutr.
109(6): 958-64.
Abstract Root, J. L., Duckett, G. E., Livingston, K., Hsu, H., Root, A. W., and Sweetland, M. effect of zinc
deficiency on secretion of growth hormone in the male rat. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
SOUTHERN SOCIETY FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCH, NEW ORLEANS, LA., USA, JAN. 16-17,
1981. CLINRES. 28 (5). 1980 (Reed. 1981). 867a.
In Vit Root, J. L., Duckett, G. E., Sweetland, M., Livingston, K., Hsu, H., and Root, A. W. 1980. effect
of zinc-deficiency upon secretion of growth-hormone (gh) in the male-rat. Clinical Research
28: A867.
Gene Ros Maria A, Sefton Mark, andNieto, M. Angela(A). 1997. slug, a zinc finger gene previously
implicated in the early patterning of the mesoderm and the neural crest, is also involved in chick
limb development. Development (Cambridge) 124(9): 1821-1829.
Nut def Rosa, G. de, Keen, C. L., Leach, R. M., and Hurley, L. S. 1980. regulation of superoxide
dismutase activity by dietary manganese. Journal of Nutrition 110(4): 795-804.
Phys Rosati, Anna Maria and Traversa, Ugo. mechanisms of inhibitory effects of zinc and cadmium
ions on agonist binding to adenosine al receptors in rat brain. Biochem. Pharmacol. (1999)
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No Oral Rosenberg, Daniel W. and Kappas, Attallah. 1989. trace metal interactions in vivo: inorganic
cobalt enhances urinary copper excretion without producing an associated zincuresis in rats. J.
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No Oral Rosenblatt, D. E. and Aronson, Arthur L. calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (caedta) toxicity:
time-and dose-response studies on intestinal dna synthesis in the rat. Exp. Mol. Pathol. (1978)
28(2): 202-14.
No Tox Rosenfeld, Jeffrey, Zimmerman, Andrew W., and Friedrich, Victor L. Jr. 1983. altered brain
copper and zinc content in quaking mice. Exp. Neurol. 82(1): 55-63.
Carcin Rosenkilde, M. M., Kledal, T. N., Brauner-Osborne, H., and Schwartz, T. W. 1999. agonists and
inverse agonists for the herpesvirus 8-encoded constitutively active seven-transmembrane
oncogene product, orf-74. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274(2): 956-61.
HHE Rosoff, B. studies of zinc in normal and neoplastic prostatic tissues (rats, humans). The
Prostatic Cell: ; Structure And Function /; Editors, Gerald P. Murphy, AveryA. Sandberg,
JamesP.Karr. p. 447-457.
Carcin Rosoff, B. and Diamond, E. J. 1982. effect of perphenazine on growth and zinc-65 uptake of the
rat prostatic adenocarcinoma, r 3327. Prostate 3(6): 615-22.
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No COC Rosoff, B. and Martin, C. R. 1971. the influence of thymectomy and sham operation on prostate
gland responses of hooded rats to gonadotropins. General and Comparative Endocrinology
16(3): 484-92.
Mix Rosoff, Betty and Martin, Constance R. 1968. effect of gonadotropins and of testosterone on
organ weights and zinc-65 uptake in the male rat. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 10(1): 75-84.
Unrel Ross, G. M, Shamovsky, I. L., Lawrance, G., Sole, M, Dostaler, S. M, Jimmo, S. L., Weaver, D.
F., and Riopelle, R. J. 1997. zinc alters conformation and inhibits biological activities of nerve
growth factor and related neurotrophins. Nature Medicine 3(8): 872-8.
Unrel Ross, J. F. and Lawhorn, G. T. 1990. zpt-related distal axonopathy: behavioral and
electrophysiologic correlates in rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 12(2): 153-9.
Abstract Ross, J. Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food Sand Hutton York UK, Page, R. J. C., Nadian,
A. K., and Langton, S. D. the development of a carbon monoxide producing cartridge for rabbit.
WildlRes. V25,N3,P305(10)
Nut def Ross, Penny K., Noordewier, Byron, Hook, Jerry B., and Bond, Jenny T. zinc deficiency and the
kidney, i. effect on renal carbonic anhydrase activity. Miner. Electrolyte Metab. (1982) 7(5):
257-64.
No Dose Rosser, B. W. C. and George, J. C. 1986. molt-induced muscle atrophy decreases the zinc content
of thepectoralis of the giant Canada goose (branta canadensis maxima). Experientia 42(5):
549-550.
Nut def Rossi, L., Branca, F., Migliaccio, S., Paoletti, F., Battistini, N., and Branca, F. 1999.
mechanical properties of bone in rats with dietary zinc defiency. Rivista Di Scienza
Dell'Alimentazione 28(3suppl,): S21-S24.
Meth Rossi, L., Marchese, E., De Martino, A., Rotilio, G., and Ciriolo, M. R. 1997 . purification of a
fully metal-depleted cu, zn superoxide dismutase from copper-deficient rat liver. Biometals
10(4): 257-62.
CP Rossi L(A), Migliaccio, S., Branca, F., Marzia, M., and Teti, A. 1997. effect on zinc deprivation
on skeletal growth and development of young rats. Bone (New York) 20(4 SUPPL.): 68S.
Nut def Rossow, Kerry L. and Reeves, Philip G. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for angiotensin-
converting enzyme in rat testes. J. Nutr. Biochem. (1993) 4(6): 373-82.
CP Rossowska, M. and Nakamoto, T. 1996. caffeine's effects on trace elements in dams'milk and
activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver of newborn rats. FASEB Journal 10(3): A790.
FL Rossowska, M. J., Carvajal, W., Joseph, F. Jr., and Nakamoto, T. 1997. postnatal caffeine effects
on copper, zinc, and iron concentrations in mammary gland, milk, and plasma of lactating dams
and their offspring. Annals Of Nutrition & Metabolism. 41(1): 60-65.
Drug Rossowska, M. J., Ghanaei, P., and Nakamoto, T. 1995. effect of dietary caffeine and zinc on the
activity of antioxidant enzymes, zinc, and copper concentration of the heart and liver in fast-
growing rats. Biological Trace Element Research. 50(3): 229-236.
CP Rossowska, M. J. and Nakamoto, T. 1995. caffeine's effects on zn, cu concentration in the liver
and heart during growth. FASEB Journal 9(3): A456.
Drug Rossowska, M. J. and Nakamoto, T. 1990. effect of caffeine on zinc absorption and zn
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concentration in rat tissue. The British Journal Of Nutrition. 64(2): 553-559.
FL Rossowska, M. J. and Nakamoto, T. effects of chronic caffeine feeding on the activities of oxygen
free radical defense enzymes in the growing rat heart and liver. Experientia (1994) 50(5):
465-8.
Drug Rossowska, Magdalena J., Dinh, Chantal, Gottschalk, Sheila B., Yazdani, Malektaj, Sutton,
Fletcher S. Ill, and Nakamoto, Tetsuo. interaction between caffeine intake and heart zinc
concentrations in the rat. Br. J. Nutr. (1990) 64(2): 561-7.
No Oral Rossowska, Magdalena J. and Nakamoto, Tetsuo. caffeine decreases zinc and metallothionein
levels in heart of newborn and adult rats. Pediatr. Res. (1992) 32(3): 330-2.
Bio Ace Rossowska, Magdalena J. and Nakamoto, Tetsuo. interaction between zinc and calcium in
skeletal muscle in young growing rats. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. (1993) 38(3): 301-9.
Abstract Rosychuk, R. A. 1989. llama dermatology. Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal
Practice 5(1)
In Vit Roth-Bassell, Helen A. and Clydesdale, Fergus M. the influence of zinc, magnesium, and iron on
calcium uptake in brush border membrane vesicles. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. (1991) 10(1): 44-9.
FL Roth, F. X., Kirchgessner, M., Grassmann, E., and Tschierschwitz, A. mineral and trace element
content of rats with dietary fumaric-acid supply. . Zeitschrift Fuer Tierphysiologie
Tierernaehrung Und Futtermittelkunde. 48 (1-2). 1982. 16-20.
FL Roth, F. X., Kirchgessner, M., Grassmann, E., and Tschierschwitz, A. 1982. mineral and trace
element contents of rats given fumaric acidsupplements in the feed. Zeitschrift Fur
Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde 48(1/2): 16-20.
FL Roth, F. X.,Kreuzer, M., and Kirchgessner, M. 1988. effect of free phosphoric acid added to
complete diets for piglets andpigs on the metabolism of some minerals (p, ca, k, na, mg, zn).
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 59(5): 247-254.
Abstract Roth H-P. influence of zinc deficiency on some parameters of energy metabolism. 35TH
MEETING OF THE GESELLSCHAFTFUER ERNAEHRUNGSPHYSIOLOGIEDER
HA USTIERE (SOCIETY FOR NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGY OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS),
GOETTINGEN, WEST GERMANY, MAR. 25-27, 1981. Z TIERPHYSIOL TIERERNAEHR
FUTTERMITTELKD. 45 (5). 1981. 225-226.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. activity changes of different dehydrogenases and alkaline
phosphatase in serum under zinc-depletion and -repletion. 6. zinc metabolism in animals. Z.
Tierphysiol. Tierernaehr. Futtermittelk. 32(6): 289-96.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. activity duration of various dehydrogeneses in rat liver
at different levels of zinc. 8. metabolism of zinc in animal organisms. Z. Tierphysiol.
Tierernaehr. Futtermittelk. 33(1): 1-9.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. [activity of pancreatic carboxypeptidase a and b during
zinc depletion and repletion. 10. metabolism of zinc in the animal organism]. zur
aktivitat der pankreas-carboxypeptidase a and b bei zink-depletion und -repletion. 10 zum
stoffwechsel des zinkes im tierischen organismus. Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie,
Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde;
Nut def Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in rats with
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experimentally induced zinc deficiency. Trace Elements in Medicine. 4(2). 1987.51-56.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. blood carbonic anhydrase activity during zinc deficiency
in growing rats . 7. zinc metabolism in animals. Z. Tierphysiol. Tierernaehr. Futtermittelk.
32(6): 296-300.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. calmodulin activity in tissues of zinc- and calcium-deficient
rats. J. Trace Elem. Electrolytes Health Dis. (1991) 5(3): 213-17.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. calmodulin, zinc and calcium concentration in tissues of zinc-
and calcium-deficient rats. J. Trace Elem. Electrolytes Health Dis. (1988) 2(2): 73-8.
FL Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. contents of growth hormone in serum of zinc deficient rats
Zeitschrift Fuer Tierphysiologie Tierernaehrung UndFuttermittelkunde. 47 (4). 1982. 197-200.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1982. contents of somatotropin in the serum of rats in zinc
deficiency. Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahmng Und Futtermittelkunde 47(4): 197-
200.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 277. contents of zinc and chromium in serum, pancreas and
liver ofzinc-deficient rats after stimulation with glucose. Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie,
Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. course of concentration changes of growth hormone, igf-1,
insulin, and c-peptide in serum, pituitary and liver of zinc-deficient rats. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim.
Nutr. (1997) 77(2): 91-101.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. [de- and repletion study of zinc in the bones and liver of
growing rats]. de- und repletionsstudien an zink in kinochen und leber wachsender
ratten. Archiv Fur Tierernahrung 24(4): 283-98.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1981. dependence of delta-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase
on dietary zinc. Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde 46(1/2):
59-63.
No Oral Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1980. diagnosis of zinc deficiency by means of alkaline
phosphatase activity before and after a zinc injection. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. Reihe A 27(4):
290-7.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1976. the effect of alkaline phosphatase injections in zinc
deficiency. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. Reihe A 23(7): 578-87.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. effect of dietary fat on the resistance to hemolysis of
erythrocyte membranes of zinc-or calcium-deficient rats. Z. Ernaehrungswiss. (1991) 30(2):
98-108.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. effect of dietary zinc, calcium or simultaneous deficiency on
the osmotic fragility of rat erythrocyte membranes. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (1991)
65(5): 273-80.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1983. effect of different concentrations of different zinc
complexes(picolinate, citrate, 8-hydroxyquinolate) compared with sulphate onindices of zinc
status in rats. Zeitschrift Fur Ernahrungswissenschaft 22(1): 34-44.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1985. [effect of the zn supply on alkaline ribonuclease activity
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 604 June 2007
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in rats]. zum einfluss der zn-versorgung auf die aktivitat der alkalischen ribonuclease
bei ratten. Zeitschrift Fur Ernahrungswissenschaft 24(2): 79-84.
FL Roth, H.-P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. (effect of varying the dietary zinc content on alkaline
phosphataseactivity in bones, (part 9 of the series: zinc metabolism in the animalbody)).
Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde 3 3 (Heft 2): 57-61.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. the effect of zinc defiency on fat metabolism. Int. J. Vitam.
Nutr. Res. (1977) 47(3): 277-83.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. effect of zinc supply on alkaline ribonuclease activity in rats.
Z. Ernaehrungswiss. (1985) 24(2): 79-84.
Nut def Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. experimental studies on the diagnosis of marginal zinc
deficiency. Research in Experimental Medicine. 174(3). 1979.283-300.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1982. growth hormone (gh) levels in zinc-deficient rats. Z.
Tierphysiol. Tierernaehr. Futtermittelkd. 47(4): 197-200
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1982. [growth hormone levels in rat serum in zinc deficiency].
gehalte von wachstumshormon (gh) im rattenserum bei zn-mangel. Zeitschrift Fur
Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde;
Nut def Roth, H.-P. and Kirchgessner, M. influence of alimentary zinc deficiency on the concentration of
growth hormone (gh), insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) and insulin in the serum of force-fed
rats. Harm. Me tab. Res. (1994) 26(9): 404-8
Nut def Roth, H.-P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1997. influence of alimentary zinc deficiency on the
concentration of the second messenger d-myo-inositol-l,4,5-trisphosphate (ip3) in testes, brain
and blood cells of force-fed rats. TraceElem.ManAnim.—9Proc.Int.Symp.,9th : Meeting
Date 1996, 244-246. Editor(s): Fischer, Peter W. F. Publisher: National Research Council of
Canada, Ottawa, Ont.
Nut def Roth, H.-P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1997. influence of alimentary zinc deficiency on the
somatotropic axis of rats. Trace Elem. ManAnim.—9 Proc. Int. Symp., 9th : Meeting Date
1996, 512-514. Editor(s): Fischer, Peter W. F. Publisher: National Research Council of Canada,
Ottawa, Ont..
Nut def Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. influence of dietary fats on the osmotic fragility of erythrocytes
in elementary zinc-deficiency and calcium-deficiency of the rat. Zeitschrift Fuer
Ernaehrungswissenschaft. 30(2). 1991. 98-108.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. [influence of various dietary zinc contents on the activity
of alkaline phosphatase in bones. 9. on zinc metabolism in the animal organism]. zum
einfluss unterschiedlicher diatzinkgehalte auf die aktivitat der alkalischen phosphatase im
knochen. 9. zum stoffwechsel des zinks im tierischen organismus. Zeitschrift Fur
Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde;
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. influence of zinc- and calcium deficiencies on the concentration
of unsaturated fatty acids in the body fat of rats as a function of dietary fat. J. Anim. Physiol.
Anim. Nutr. (1993) 70(4/5): 236-45.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1989. influence of zinc and calcium deficiency on the
concentrations of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin d3 in rat serum.
Journal of Trace Elements and Electrolytes in Health and Disease 3(4)
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Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1989. influence of zinc and/or calcium deficiency on prolactin
concentrationin rat serum. Trace Elements in Medicine 6(4): 139-141.
Nut def Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. the influence of zinc deficiency on fat metabolism. INT' J
VITAMNUTR RES. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. 47(3). 1977277-
283.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1998. influence of zinc deficiency on serum levels of
gonadotropins,prolactins and testosterone in force-fed male rats. Journal of Animal Physiology
and Animal Nutrition 78(4/5): 212-219.
Nut def Roth, H.-P. and Kirchgessner, M. influence of zinc deficiency on the osmotic fragility of
erythrocyte membranes of force-fed rats. Trace Elem. Electrolytes (1994) 11(1): 46-50.
FL Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. influence of zinc supply on the activity of the alkaline rnase in
rats. Z ERNAEHRUNGSWISS. Zeitschrift Fuer Ernaehrungswissenschaft. 24 (2). 1985. 79-84.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. insulin content in the serum or plasma of zinc-deficient rats
before and after glucose stimulation. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. (1975) 45(2): 201-8.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. insulin in serum or plasma of zinc-deficient rats before
and afterglucose stimulation. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 45(2):
201-208.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. metabolism of zinc in animals. 6. changes in activity of
severaldehydrogenases and alkaline phosphatase in serum during zinc depletionand repletion.
ZeitschriftFur Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung UndFuttermittelkunde 32(6): 289-296.
CP Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1982. nutritional zinc deficiency and metabolism of insulin and
growth hormone. Trace Elem. Metab. Man Anim. Proc. Int. Symp., 4th : Meeting Date 1981,
334-7. Editor(s): Gawthorne, J. M.; Howell, J. McC.; White, C. L. Publisher: Springer, Berlin,
Fed. Rep. Ger.
FL Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. on the activity of blood carbo anhydrase in growing rats with a
zinc deficiency 7th report on the metabolism of zinc in animals. Zeitschrift Fuer Tierphysiologie
Tierernaehrung Und Futtermittelkunde. 32(6). 1974296-300.
FL Roth H-P and Kirchgessner, M. on the effect of various degrees of zinc content in the diet on the
activity of alkaline phosphatase in bone 9th report on zinc metabolism in animals. Zeitschrift
Fuer Tierphysiologie Tierernaehrung Und Futtermittelkunde. 33 (2). 1974 57-61.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. process of zinc depletion and repletion in the bones and liver of
growing rats. Arch. Tierernaehr. (1974) 24(4): 283-98.
Nut def Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. [serum and plasma insulin levels in zinc-deficient rats
following glucose stimulation]. insulingehalte im serum bzw. plasma von
zinkmangelratten vor und nach glukosestimulierung. International Journal for Vitamin and
Nutrition Research 45(2): 201-8.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1979. zinc and chromium levels of serum, pancreas and liver of
zinc-deficient rats after glucose stimulation. Z. Tierphysiol. Tierernaehr. Futtermittelkd.
42(6): 277-86.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. zinc binding capacity of serum, a parameter for diagnosing
marginal zinc deficiency. Res. Exp. Med. (1980) 177(3): 213-19.
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 606 June 2007
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FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1979. zinc deficiency and insulin metabolism. Z. Tierphysiol.
Tierernaehr. Futtermittelkd. 42(6): 287-99.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. zinc depletion and repletion in bones and liver of
growing rats. Archiv Fur Tierernahrung 24(4): 283-298.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. zinc metabolism in animals. 10. activity of the pancreas
carboxypeptidase a and b during zinc depletion and repletion. Z. Tierphysiol. Tierernaehr.
Futtermittelk. 33(2): 62-7.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. zinc metabolism in animals. 11. enzyme activity of
dehydrogenases in muscular tissue of rats during zinc deficiency. Z. Tierphysiol. Tierernaehr.
Futtermittelk. 33(2): 67-71.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. zinc metabolism in animals. 9. influence of varying the
dietary zinc content on the activity of the alkaline phosphatase in bones. Z. Tierphysiol.
Tierernaehr. Futtermittelk. 33(2): 57-61.
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. 1980. [zn-binding capacity of serum, a parameter for
diagnosing marginal zn deficiency (author's transl)]. zn-bindungskapazitat des serums.
ein parameter zur diagnose von marginalem zn-mangel. Research in Experimental Medicine
177(3): 213-9.
FL Roth, H P and Kirchgessner, M. zum einfluss unterschiedlicher diatzinkgehalte auf die aktivitat
der alkalischen phosphatase im knochen. 9. zum stoffwechsel des zinks im tierischen organismus;
the influence of varying the dietary zinc content on the acitivity of the alkaline phosphatase in
bones. 9. zinc metabolism in the animal organism, [rats]. Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr
Futtermittelkd Apr 1974 33 (2): 57-61. Ref. Eng. sum.
Nut def Roth, H. P., Kirchgessner, M., Anke, M., Meissner, D., and Mills, C. F. 1993.
influence of zinc deficiency on the osmotic fragility of erythrocytemembranes of force-fed rats.
154-158.
Nut def Roth, H. P., Kirchgessner, M., and Giesecke, D. ed. 1996. influence of alimentary zn-deficiency
on the somatotropic axis of rats. einfluss von alimentaerem zn-mangel auf die
somatotrope achse bei ratten, [proceedings of the society of nutrition physiology].
berichte der gesellschaft fuer ernaehrungsphysiologieund tier. P. 59. No. 5
FL Roth, H. P. and Kirchgessner, M. Technische Univ. Muenchen Freising Germany Inst. fuer
Ernaehrungsphysiologie. 1996. influence of alimentary zn deficiency on the concentration of
growth hormone (gh), insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1) and insulin in the serum of rats in
dependence on food intake. einfluss von alimentaerem zn-mangel auf die
konzentration von wachstumshormon (gh), insulinaehnlichem wachstumsfaktor-1 (igf-1) und
insulin im serum von ratten in abhaengigkeit von der futteraufnahme. Journal of Animal
Physiology and Animal Nutrition. V. 76(4-5) P. 180-190
Nut Roth, H.-P., Motz, C., and Kirchgessner, M. influence of long-term therapy with analgesics on zn
status of growing rats. Trace Elem. Electrolytes (1995) Volume Date 1995, 12(3): 125-30 .
FL Roth, H. P., Schneider, U., and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. [effect of zinc deficiency on glucose
tolerance]. zur wirkung von zinkmangel auf die glukosetoleranz. Archiv Fur
Tierernahrung 25(8): 545-9.
FL Roth, H. P., Schneider, Ursula, and Kirchgessner, M. effect of zinc depletion on glucose
tolerance. Arch. Tierernaehr. (1975) 25(8): 545-9.
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FL Roth, H. P. Technische Univ. Muenchen Freising Germany Inst. fuer Ernaehrungsphysiologie.
1991. [on the interdependence of the stability of the erythrocyte membrane on the zn and ca
supply and the fatty acid pattern of the diet]. zur abhaengigkeit der stabilitaet der
erythrozytenmembran von der zn- und ca-versorgung bzw. dem diaet-fettsaeuremuster. Journal
of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. V. 66(3-4) P. 167
FL Roth, H. P. Technische Univ. Muenchen Freising Germany Inst. fuer Ernaehrungsphysiologie and
Kirchgessner, M. 1991. effect of dietary zn, ca or simultaneous zn/ca deficiency on the osmotic
fragility of rat erythrocyte membranes. zur haemolyse-resistenz der
erythrozytenmembran nach alimentaerem zn- oder ca-bzw. simultanem zn/ca-mangel bei der ratte.
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. V. 65(5) P. 273-280
FL Roth, H. P. Technische Univ. Muenchen Freising Germany Inst. fuer Ernaehrungsphysiologie and
Kirchgessner, M. 1993. influence of zn- and ca-deficiency on the concentration of unsaturated
fatty acids in the body fat of rats in dependence of dietary fat. einfluss von zn- und ca-
mangel in abhaengigkeit vom diaetfett auf die konzentration von ungesaettigten fettsaeuren im
koerperfett der ratte. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. V. 70(4-5) P. 236-245
FL Roth, H. P. ZERNA and Kirchgessner, M. 1983. effect of different concentrations
of various zn (zinc) complexes (picolinate, citrate, 8-hydroxyquinolate) in comparison with sulfate
on parameters of zn supply status in rats (nutritional requirements of laboratory animals), der
einfluss unterschiedlicher konzentrationen an verschiedenen zinkkomplexen (picolinat, citrat, 8-
hydroxychinolat) im vergleich zu sulfat auf parameter des zn-versorgungsstatus von ratten.
Zeitschrift Fur Ernahrungswissenschaft = ; Journal Of Nutritional Sciences. 22 (1): 34-44.
FL Roth, H. P. ZERNA and Kirchgessner, M. 1983. the influence of zinc deficiency of
3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels and parameters of energy metabolism in the rat. zum
einfluss von zn-mangel auf 3',5'-cyclo-amp-gehalte und parameter des energiestoffwechsels bei
der ratte. Zeitschrift Fur Ernahrungswissenschaft = ; Journal Of Nutritional Sciences. 22 (2):
116-123.
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protein kinase c (pkc) in erythrocytes and concentration of d-myo-inositol-l,4,5-trisphosphate
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL HEALTH AND THE VIIITH UOEH
(UNIVERSITY OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH) INTERNATIONAL
SYMPOSIUM ON HEALTH SURVEILLANCE WORKERS
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CP
Nut def
Nut def
Nut def
Nut def
Abstract
Abstract
Nut def
Nut def
CP
CP
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Prim
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HHE
HHE
HHE
HHE
HHE
HHE
FL
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Abstract
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FL
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the mineral composition of brain and liver in the newborn, weanling, and maternal rat. Avail.:
Univ. Microfilms. Ann Arbor, Mich., Order No. 71-6354 From: Diss. Abstr. Int. B 1971, 31. 9.
5721. 130 pp.
Schlicker, Sandra A. and Cox, Dennis H. maternal dietary zinc and the development and
zinc, iron, and copper content of the rat fetus. J. Nutr. (1968) 95(2): 287-94.
Schlund, Wolfgang, intra-nasal zinc sulfate irrigation in pigeons: effects on olfactory capabilities
and homing. J. Exp. Biol. (1992) : 164, 171-87.
Schmeichel, K. L. and Beckerle, M. C. 1998. lim domains of cysteine-rich protein 1 (crpl) are
essential for its zyxin-binding function. Biochemical Journal 331(Pt3): 885-92.
Schmid Jutta and Schlund Wolfgang(A). 1993. anosmia in znso-4-treated pigeons: loss of
olfactory information during ontogeny and the role of site familiarity in homing experiments.
Journal of Experimental Biology 185(0): 33-49.
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FL Schmidmayer, S., Roth, H. P., and Kirchgessner, M. 1999. effect of dietary calcium and zinc
deficiency on the activities ofcalmodulin-regulated enzymes in different rat tissues. Journal of
Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 82(4): 169-177.
Nut def Schmidmayer, S., Roth, H.-P., and Kirchgessner, M. influence of an alimentary calcium and zinc
deficiency on the activities of calmodulin-regulated enzymes in different tissues of the rat. J.
Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (1999) 82(4): 169-177 CODEN: JAPNEF; ISSN: 0931-2439.
Nut def Schmidmayer, S., Roth H-P(A), and Kirchgessner, M. 2000. activities of calmodulin-regulated
enzymes in zinc-deficient rats. Trace Elements and Electrolytes. 17(1): 30-35.
FL Schmidt, A., Kolb, E., Hofmann, U., Gruendel, G., Nestler, K., and Schmidt, U. Universitaet
Leipzig German D. R. Sektion Tierproduktion und Veterinaermedizin. 1990. studies into hb
levels in blood as well as into protein, iron, fe-binding capacity, copper, and zinc in blood plasma
of pregnant sows, prior to and after oral administration of iron. untersuchungen ueber
den gehalt an hb im blut sowie ueber den an protein, fe, fe-bindungskapazitaet, cu und zn im
blutplasma von niedertragenden sauen vor bzw. nach oraler fe-belastung. Archiv Fuer
Experimented Veterinaermedizin. V. 44(3) P. 439-446
FL Schmidt, J. G. and Hummelsheim, S. 1986. [effect of decadron phosphate on ophthalmoscopic
changes in the rat eye with intravitreal brass wires]. uber den einfluss von decadron-
phosphat auf die ophthalmoskopischen veranderungen des rattenauges bei intravitrealen
messingdrahten. Klinische Monatsblatter FurAugenheilkunde 188(3): 234-8.
No Oral Schmidt, J. G.,Nies, C, and Mansfeld-Nies, R. 1987. on the recovery of the electroretinogram
after removal of intravitreal zinc particles. Documenta Ophthalmologica 65(4): 471-80.
No Oral Schmidt, J. G. H. and Hummelsheim, S. the influence of decadron phosphate on ophthalmoscopic
changes in rats after intravitreal implantation of brass wires. Klinische Monatsblaetter Fuer
Augenheilkunde. 188 (3). 1986. 234-238.
No Oral Schmidt, Joachim G. H., Nies, Christoph, and Mansfeld-Nies, Regina. on the recovery of the
electroretinogram after removal of intravitreal zinc particles. Doc. Ophthalmol. (1987) 65(4):
471-80 .
Nut Schmidt, M. 1977. effect of excessive amounts of protein on digestion and intermediary
metabolism in dogs. 136pp.
In Vit Schmidt, R. zinc metabolism in islets of langerhans. Verh. Anat. Ges. (1986) 80th(Teil2):
505-6 CODEN: VHAGAS; ISSN: 0066-1562.
FL Schmidt, R., Muller, H., Glass, P., Schneider, S., and Unger, E. 1990. [effect of alloxans on
pancreatic b-cells with special regard to the alloxan-metal-complex theory, i. effects of alloxan,
alloxan-zinc chelates, dilauric acid and colchicine on blood sugar and rate of mitosis of b-cell
langerhans islets]. Ada Histochemica 88(1): 29-46.
Alt Schmidt, R. and Schultka, R. 1975. [the significance of heavy metals in normal and diabetic
islands of langerhans. current discoveries of light and electron microscopic distribution of metals
in embryonal and postnatal developmental stages of the island organ in white rats]. die
bedeutung von schwermetallen in der normalen und diabetischen langerhansschen insel. neue
erkenntnisse der licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen metallverteilung in embryonalen und
postnatalen entwicklungsstadien des inselorgans weisser ratten. Acta Histochemica 15: 161-76.
Alt Schmidt, R., Schultka, R., Wiemann, B., and Straub, E. the behavior of the zinc containing
vacuoles in normal and alloxan diabetic islets of langerhans of white rats. A eta Histochemica.
Eco-SSL for Zinc 631 June 2007
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50(2). 1974200-211.
FL Schmidt, R., Schultka, R., Wiemann, B., and Straub, E. 1974. [the behaviour of the zinc-content
vacuols in normal and alloxandiabetic islets of langerhans of white rats (author's transl)].
das verhalten zinkhaltiger vakuolen in normalen und alloxan-diabetischen
langerhansschen inseln weisser ratten. Acta Histochemica 50(2): 200-11.
In Vit Schmidt, Rainer, Cobet, Ulrich, Meinel, Peter, and Schultka, Ruediger. directed metal
determination in pre- and post-natal stages of development of the islets of langerhans by
combined histochemical metal demonstration with electron-x-ray microanalysis. Acta
Histochem. (1976) 56(1): 107-14 .
Alt Schmidt, Rainer, Schultka, Ruediger, Wiemann, Bernd, and Straub, Erhardt. behavior of zinc-
containing vacuoles in normal and alloxan diabetic islets of langerhans in white rats. Acta
Histochem. (1974) 50(2): 200-11.
Phys Schmidt, T., Karsunky, H., Gau, E., Zevnik, B., Elsasser, H. P., and Moray, T. 1998. zinc finger
protein gfi-1 has low oncogenic potential but cooperates strongly with pirn and myc genes in t-cell
lymphomagenesis. Oncogene 17(20): 2661-7.
No COC Schmidt, T., Karsunky, H., Roedel, B., Zevnik, B., Elsaesser, H. P., and Moeroey, T. 1998.
evidence implicating gfi-1 and pim-1 in pre-t- cell differentiation steps associated with beta -
selection. Vol. 17, No. 18, Pp. 5349-5359 Embo J.
FL Schmidt, V. and Mintzlaff, H. J. 1973. residues in meat: antibiotics and mycotoxins.
Fleischwirtscha.fi 53(9): 1211-1212.
CP Schneeman, B. O. andBerger, J. 1986. intestinal zinc and carboxypeptidase activity (cp) in rats
fed test meals containing various dietary proteins. Federation Proceedings 45: 818.
Abstract Schneeman, B. O. and Berger, J. intestinal zinc and carboxypeptidase activity in rats fed test
meals containing various dietary proteins. 7OTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION
OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ST. LOUIS, MO., USA, APR. 13-
18, 1986. FED PROC. 45 (4). 1986. 818.
Nut def Schneeman, B. O., Lacy, D., Ney, D., Lefevre, M. L., Keen, C. L., Lonnerdal, B., and Hurley, L.
S. similar effects of zinc deficiency and restricted feeding of plasma lipid and lipoproteins in rats.
JNUTR. Journal of Nutrition. 116 (10). 1986. 1889-1895.
Nut def Schneeman, B. O., Lacy, D., Ney, D., Lefevre, M. L., Keen, C. L., Lonnerdal, B., and Hurley, L.
S. 1986. similar effects of zinc deficiency and restricted feeding on plasma lipids and lipoproteins
in rats. The Journal Of Nutrition. 116(10): 1889-1895.
Alt Schneeman, B. O. JONUA, Lonnerdal, B., Keen, C. L., and Hurley, L. S. 1983. zinc and copper
in rat bile and pancreatic fluid: effects of surgery (trace elements). The Journal Of Nutrition.
113(6): 1165-1168.
Nut def Schneeman, Barbara O., Lacy, Dee, Ney, Denise, Lefevre, Michael L., Keen, Carl L., Lonnerdal,
Bo, and Hurley, Lucille S. similar effects of zinc deficiency and restricted feeding on plasma
lipids and lipoproteins in rats. J. Nutr. (1986) 116(10): 1889-95.
FL Schneider, D., Bronsch, K., and Richter, L. 1973. effectiveness of quindoxin in pigs. Zeitschrift
Fur Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung UndFuttermittelkunde 32( 4): 177-185.
FL Schneider, D., Bronsch, K., and Richter, L. olaquindox a new growth promoting feed additive
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FL
part 2 the effect on the performance of growing swine. Zeitschrift Fuer Tierphysiologie
Tierernaehrung UndFuttermittelkunde. 36(5). 1976241-249.
Schneider, D., Bronsch, K., and Richter, L. 241. olaquindox, a new growth stimulant in animal
nutrition. 2.effectiveness in fattening pigs. Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung Und
Futtermittelkunde
Alt Schneider, H. J. and Anke, M. 1969. [mineral content of the compensatorily hypertrophied
kidney in the growing animal]. der mineralstoffgehalt kompensatorisch
hypertrophierter nieren beim wachsenden tier. Urologia Internationalis 24(4): 300-9.
No Oral Schneider, M. Resnick M. I. and Wellmann K. F. 1973. increased bone formation in rabbits
following intravenous and intra-osseous injection of zinc beryllium silicate. Clin Orthop Relat
Res. 92: 251-259.
No COC Schneider-Maunoury, S., Seitanidou, T., Charnay, P., and Lumsden, A. 1997. segmentaland
neuronal architecture of the hindbrain of krox-20 mouse mutants. Development 124(6): 1215-
26.
No COC Schneider-Maunoury, S., Topilko, P., Seitanidou, T., Levi, G., Cohen-Tannoudji, M., Pournin, S.,
Babinet, C., and Charnay, P. 1993. disruption of krox-20 results in alteration of rhombomeres 3
and 5 inthe developing hindbrain. Cell (Cambridge) 75(6): 1199-1214.
FL Schneider, U. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1978. effect of different intakes of zinc and fe during
pregnancy on theand iron status of the foetus and on weight gains of young rats, ti-wahrend der
graviditat auf den zn- bzw. fe-status der rattenfoeten undauf die gewichtsentwicklung der
jungtiere. Zentralblatt Fur Veterinarmedizin, A. 25(5): 403-410.
FL Schneider, U. A. and Kirchgessner, M. effect of varying intake of zinc and iron during pregnancy
on zinc and iron status of fat fetuses and on weight gain in young animals. Zentralblatt Fuer
Veterinaermedizin Reihe A. 25 (5). 1978. 403-410.
FL Schneider, U. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1978. [effect of varying intake of zn and fe during
pregnancy on the zn and fe status of rat fetuses and on weight gain in young animals].
zum einfluss unterschiedlicher zn- und fe-versorgung wahrend der graviditat auf den zn- bzw. fe-
status der rattenfoeten und auf die gewichtsentwicklung der jungtiere. Zentralblatt Fur
Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A 25(5): 403-10.
FL Schneider, Ursula A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1978. effect of varying intake of zinc and iron during
pregnancy on zinc and iron status of rat fetuses and on weight gain in young animals.
Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. Reihe A 25(5): 403-10.
Rev Schneider, Ursula A. and Kirchgessner, M. zinc retention changes in organisms during
pregnancy. Nutr. Metab. (1979) 23(4): 241-9 .
FL Schnurrbusch, U., Elze, K., and Erices, J. histological findings in the uterus of gilts following
synchronizedovulation. Archiv Fur Experimented Veterinarmedizin\ SN- 0003-9055\ PY- 1977
31(6): 905-912.
Abstract Schoenbaum, D. C., Beede, D. K., Risco, C. A., Donovan, G. A., and Thatcher, W. W. 1994.
effects of prepartum dietary cation-anion difference, and prepartum and postpartum zinc
supplementation on peripartum health, and postpartum reproductive and lactational performance.
Journal of Dairy Science 77(SUPPL. 1): 95.
FL Schoene, F., Luedke, H., Gruhn, K., and Hennig, A. the influence of iodine copper and zinc
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supplements to rations with a high quota of rape seed meal on growth and the function of the
thyroid gland of fattening pigs 2. the influence of iodine supplement on the digestibility of
nutrients as well as on protein and energy retention. . Archiv Fuer Tierernaehrung. 36 (4-5).
1986. 361-369.
FL Schoene, F., Luedke, H., Jahreis, G., Seffner, W., and Hennig, A. the influence of iodine copper
and zinc supplements to rations with a high quota of rape seed meal on growth and the function of
the thyroid gland of fattening pigs 3. the influence on the weight of and the histomorphometric
findings in the thyroid gland as well as triiodothyroxine and thyroxine concentration in the serum.
Archiv Fuer Tierernaehrung. 36(4-5). 1986. 371-380.
No COC Schoenig, G. P. and Anderson, R. L. 1985. the effects of high dietary levels of sodium saccharin
on mineral and water balance and related parameters in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology
23(4-5): 465-74.
HHE Scholmerich, I, Freudemann, A., Kottgen, E., Wietholtz, H., Steiert, B., Lohle, E., Haussinger,
D., and Gerok, W. 1987. bioavailability of zinc from zinc-histidine complexes .1. comparison
with zinc-sulfate in healthy-men. American Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 45(6): 1480-1486.
Nut def Scholmerich, I, Lohle, E., Kottgen, E., and Gerok, W. 1983. zinc and vitamin-a-deficiency in
liver-cirrhosis. Hepato-Gastroenterology 30(4): 119-125.
FL Scholz, H., Kolb, E., Hofmann, U., Dittrich, H., and Nestler, K. studies into levels of total iron
non-heme iron copper and zinc in various organs of piglets before weaning with differentiated iron
supply. Monatshefte Fuer Veterinaermedizin. 43 (8). 1988. 270-272.
Drug Schone, F., Geinitz, D., Gran, M, Hennig, A., Flachowsky, G., Schone, F., and
Henning, A. 1991. influence of glucosinolate and iodine supply on thyroid hormone,vitamin a
and trace element status of pigs fed on rapeseed oilmeal. 36-41.
No COC Schone, F., Ludke, H., Grahn, K., and Hennig, A. 1986. effect of iodine, copper and zinc
supplements to diets with a highproportion of rapeseed meal on growth and function of the thyroid
glandin fattening pigs. 2. effect of supplementary iodine on digestibilityof nutrients and on protein
and energy retention. Archives of Animal Nutrition 36(4/5): 361-369.
Nut def Schone, F., Ludke, H., Hennig, A., and Jahreis, G. 1988. copper and iodine in pig diets with high
glucosinolate rapeseed meal.2. influence of iodine supplements for rations with rapeseed
mealuntreated or treated with copper ions on performance and thyroidhormone status of growing
pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 22(1-2): 45-59.
Mix Schone, F., Ludke, H., Jahreis, G., Seffner, W., and Hennig, A. 1986. effect of iodine, copper and
zinc supplements to diets with a high proportion of rapeseed meal on growth and function of the
thyroid glandin fattening pigs. 3. effect on thyroid mass and histomorphometric findings and on
triiodothyronine and thyroxine in serum Archives of Animal Nutrition 36(4/5): 371-380.
OrgMet Schoof, H. F. 1942. zinc phosphide as a rodenticide. Pest Control; 38(5): 38
Prim Schoonees, R., De Klerk J N, Mirand, E. A., and Murphy, G. P. the effect of bovine growth
hormone on zinc-65 metabolism and prostatic blood flow of intact testosterone treated and
castrated adult male chacma baboons Investigative Urology. 8 (1). 1970 103-115.
No Oral Schools, A. F. M., Crasio, W. E., and Van Abeelen, J. H. F. zinc-induced peripheral anosmia and
exploratory behavior in two inbred mouse strains. Physiol. Behav. (1978) 21(5): 779-84
Alt Schouten, J. A., Beynen, A. C., De Rooy, P. D., Hoitsma, H. F., and Bosnia, A. 1986. long-term
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effects of partial ileal bypass on the health status of rabbits. Laboratory Animals 20(2): 148-
54.
Nut def Schrager, Thomas F., Busby, William F. Jr., Goldman, Mark E., and Newberne, Paul M.
enhancement of methylbenzylnitrosamine-induced esophageal carcinogenesis in zinc-deficient
rats : effects on incorporation of [3h]thymidine into dna of esophageal epithelium and liver.
Carcinogenesis (London) (1986) 7(7): 1121-6
Food Schrijver, R. de. and Conrad, S. 1992. availability of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, and
zinc in rats fed oat bran containing diets. Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry. 40(7):
1166-1171.
No COC Schroeder, H. A. 191Q.Metallic Micronutrients and Intermediary Metabolism.
Progress Kept. No. 3 (Final)
Bio Ace Schroeder, H. A. and Nason, A. P. 1976. interactions of trace metals in mouse and rat tissues;
zinc, chromium, copper, and manganese with 13 other elements. JNutr. 106(2): 198-203.
No Oral Schryver, H. F.,Hintz, H. F., and Lowe, J. E. 1980. absorption, excretion and tissue distribution
of stable zinc and 65zincin ponies. Journal of Animal Science 51(4): 896-902.
FL Schubert R, Hennig A, and Richter G. 1981. untersuchungen zum ergotropen effekt des
kormogrisins und zinkbazitrazins bei der mast der moschusente (cairina moschata).
MONATSHEFTEFUERVETERINAERMEDIZIN 36. 119(13): 505-507, illustr.
FL Schuelein, A., Kirchgessner, M., and Roth, H. P. effect of force-feeding on growth , zinc status,
and blood serum insulin and glucagon in zinc-deficient rats. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr.
(1992) 67(3): 157-69.
Nut def Schuelein, A., Kirchgessner, M., and Roth, H. P. influence of zinc deficiency on zinc, protein, fat,
and energy retention in force-fed rats. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (1992) 68(2): 104-110.
FL Schuelein, A., Roth H-P, and Kirchgessner, M. 1992. influence of zinc deficiency on retention of
zinc, protein, fat and energy of force-fed rats. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal
Nutrition 68(2): 104-110.
FL Schulz, V. and Gropp, J. 1973. nutritive effects of antibiotics for rearing quail. Archiv Fur
Geflugelkunde 37(5): 176-179.
No COC Schurz, M., Jeroch, H.,Pingel, H., and Fehlhaber, K. 1993. influence of antibiotic growth
promoters and polysaccharide-cleavingenzymes on fattening and slaughter performance, meat
quality andmicrobial contamination of the carcass of male broilers. 409-412.
No COC Schurz, M., Jeroch, H., Pingel, H., Fehlhaber, K., Flachowsky, G., and Schubert, R.
1993. effect of the growth promoter zinc bacitracin (albac 150 g) in broilerfattening. 290-295.
Phys Schuschke Dale A(A). 1997. dietary copper in the physiology of the microcirculation. Journal
ofNutrition 127(12): 2274-2281.
Gene Schutz, B. and Niessing, J. 1994. cloning and structure of a chicken zinc finger cdna: restricted
expression in developing neural crest cells. Gene 148(2): 227-36.
In Vit Schwartz, B. R., Trelstad, R. L., Hutson, J. M., Ikawa, H., and Donahoe, P. K. 1984. zinc
chelation and mullerian duct regression. Journal of Experimental Pathology 1(2): 143-56.
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Drug Schwartz, R., Topley, M, and Russell, J. B. 1988. effect of tricarballylic acid, a
nonmetabolizable rumen fermentation product of trans-aconitic acid, on mg, ca and zn utilization
of rats. Journal of Nutrition 118(2): 183-8.
Phys Schwartz Rochelle D(A), Wagner Joseph P, Yu Xiao, and Martin David. 1994. bidirectional
modulation of gaba-gated chloride channels by divalent cations: inhibition by ca-2+ and
enhancement by mg-2+. Journal ofNeurochemistry 62(3): 916-922.
No COC Schwartz, Ruth, Topley, M., and Russell, James B. effects of tricarballylic acid, a
nonmetabolizable rumen fermentation product of trans-aconitic acid, on magnesium, calcium, and
zinc utilization of rats. J. Nutr. (1988) 118(2): 183-8 .
Nut def Schwarz, A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. (zinc concentration in cattle hair in zinc deficiency).
Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 82(No.4): 141-143.
Not Avail Schwarz, E. R. 1975. (studies on the behaviour of 65zn in cockerels and hens after repeatedoral
administration, with reference to the contamination risk for theconsumer). 122pp.
Nut def Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. absorption of 65zinc and 64copper in zinc deficiency.
International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 44(2): 258-266.
FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. changes in copper and zinc absorption and excretion after
deficient copper supply. Zeitschrift Fuer Tierphysiologie Tierernaehrung Und
Futtermittelkunde. 41 (6). 1979. 335-343.
FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 335. changes in the absorption and excretion of copper and
zinc with aninadequate supply of copper. Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung Und
Futtermittelkunde
FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1976. distribution and excretion of zinc given by vein to rats
withzn supplies. Zentralblatt Fur Veterinarmedizin, A 23(10): 836-848.
Nut def Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. interactions in the intestinal absorption of 64cu, 65zn
and 59fe aftercu, zn or fe depletion. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research
44(1): 116-126.
CP Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. intestinal absorption of copper, zinc, and iron after
dietary depletion. Trace Elem. Metab. Anim. Proc. Int. Symp., 2nd : Meeting Date 1973, 519-
22. Editor(s): Hoekstra, W. G. Publisher: Univ. Park Press, Baltimore, Md. CODEN: 29IIAN.
CP Schwarz, F J and Kirchgessner, M. intestinal absorption of copper, zinc, and iron after dietary
depletion, [rats, laboratory animals]. In International Symposium On Trace Element Metabolism
In Animals 1973 (pub. 1974) 2d: 519-522.
No Oral Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1976. intestinal zinc absorption after i.v. zinc injection in
different amounts and intervals. Z. Tierphysiol. Tierernaehr. Futtermittelkd. 37(1): 31-44.
FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1968. metabolic dependence of intestinal uptake and transfer
of differentzinc compounds after deficient and adequate zinc intake. Zeitschrift Fur
Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde
FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. partition and endogenous secretion of zinc given intra
venous in rats with varying zinc intake. ZENTRALBL VETERINAERMED REIHEA.
Zentralblatt Fuer Veterinaermedizin Reihe A. 23 (10). 1976 (Reed 1977) 836-848.
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FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1976. partition and secretion of intravenously administered
zinc in rats with vary ing zinc intake. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. Reihe A 23(10): 836-48
CODEN: ZVRAAX.
No Oral Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. studies on the homeostatic regulation of the zinc metabolism
by zinc infusions. Research in Experimental Medicine. 170(3). 1977 241-252.
Nut def Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. studies on the homeostatic regulation of zinc metabolism by
zinc infusions. Res. Exp. Med. (1977) 170(3): 241-51.
FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. 1976. zinc absorption after i. v. administration of zinc to
rats with various levels of zinc intake. Zentralbl. Veterinaermed. Reihe A 23(10): 849-57.
FL Schwarz, F. J. and Kirchgessner, M. zinc absorption after intra venous application of zinc to rats
on various levels of zinc intake. Zentralblatt Fuer Veterinaermedizin Reihe A. 23 (10). 1976
(Reed 1977) 849-857.
InVit Schwarz, F. I, Kirchgessner, M., and Roth, H. P. 1983. influence of picolinic-acid and citric-acid
on intestinal-absorption of zinc invitro and invivo. Research In Experimental Medicine 182(1):
39-48.
FL Schwarz, G. and Pallauf, J. experimental zinc deficiency in growing rabbits and its influence on
the zinc status of blood serum. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (1987) 57(5): 227-36.
FL Schwarz, G. and Pallauf, J. influence of dietary zinc deficiency on the activity of various zinc
metalloenzymes in growing rabbits. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. (1989) 61(2/3): 129-38.
FL Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. (development of a semisynthetic zinc-deficient diet
for lactatingcows). Veterinar-MedizinischeNachrichten (Heft 4): 315-325.
Nut def Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. experimental zinc deficiency in lactating dairy cows.
Veterinary Medical Review (1/2): 19-41.
Nut def Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1974. notes on the development of a semi-purified zinc
deficiency diet fordairy cows. Veterinary Medical Review (No.4): 323-333.
FL Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. studies on zinc status and dynamics in lactating cows
experimental design and procedures 12th report on the metabolism of zinc in the animal organism.
Zeitschrift Fuer Tierphysiologie Tierernaehrung UndFuttermittelkunde. 34 (5). 1975 281-288.
Nut def Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. zinc concentration in hair of cattle in zinc
deficiency. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 82(4): 141-143.
FL Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. zinc excretion of lactating cows with different zinc
intake. Archiv Fur Tierernahrung 25(9/10): 597-608.
FL Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. zinc metabolism in animals. 12. zinc status and
turnover of zinc inlactating cows, experimental plan and procedures. Zeitschrift Fur
Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde 34(5): 281-288.
FL Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. zinc metabolism in animals. 13. zinc concentration
in serum and bloodof lactating cows during experimental zinc deficiency and repletion.
Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie Tierernahrung Und Futtermittelkunde 34(6): 289-299.
FL Schwarz, W. A. and Kirchgessner, M. 1975. zinc metabolism in animals. 14. changes in zinc
Eco-SSLfor Zinc 637 June 2007
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content of cow's milkwith different zinc supplies.
Und Futtermittelkunde 35(1): 1-8.
Zeitschrift Fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung
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FL Silva, R. M., Ferreira Neto, J. M., and Sampaio, I. B. M. 1978. effect of diet and gastrointestinal
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No COC Silva, R. M., Martins Ferreira Neto J, and Barbosa Machado Sampaio I. influence of diet and
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FL Simko, S. 1986. efficacy of vibriogal (dimetridazole and furazolidone) againsttreponemal
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FL Simonian, M. A., Galstian, D. A., and Demirchoglian, I. G. 1985. [factors reducing the
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FL Simonik, I. Okresni Veterinarni Sprava Karvina CSFR, Pavelka, I, and Kudlac, E. 1991.
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No Oral Simonyan, M. A(A), Karapetyan, A. V., Galstyan, D. A., Simonyan, R. M., and Babayan, M. A.
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leukocyte number, and acceleration of cell division in culture. Biochemistry (Moscow) 61 (9):
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Unrel Simpson, G. D. and Nakaue, H. S. 1987. performance and carcass quality of broilers reared on
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In Vit Simpson, J. the interaction of di thio threitol and acetyl coenzyme a in a radiochemical assay for
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No Oral Singal, P. K., Dhillon, K. S., Beamish, R. E., and Dhalla, N. S. 1981. protective effect of zinc
against catecholamine induced myo cardial changes electro cardiographic and ultrastructural
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Nut def Singal, P. K., Kapur, N., Dhillon, K. S., Beamish, R. E., and Dhalla, N. S. 1982. role of free
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No Oral Singal, Pawan K., Dhillon, Kundan S., Beamish, Robert E., and Dhalla, Naranjan S. 1981.
protective effect of zinc against catecholamine-induced myocardial changes, electrocardiographic
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Surv Singal, S. P. and Lohan, I. S. 1988. studies on the incidence and reproductive management of
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Nut def Singh, A. P., Netra, P. R., Vashistha, M. S., and Sharma, S. N. 1994. zinc deficiency in cattle.
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BioAcc Singh, B. R. and Mishra, V. K. mineral content of grasses and grasslands of the himalayan region
india 2. concentration of trace and major elements in grasses in relation to soil properties and
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Nut Singh, Baljinder, Dhawan, Devinder, Chand, Bakhshish, Mangal, P. C., and Trehan, P. N. trace
element distribution in rat brain following lead and lithium supplementation-a study using an
edxrf spectrometer. Appl. Radial Isot. (1995) 46(1): 59-64 CODEN: ARISEF; ISSN: 0883-
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Meth Singh G(A), Bay, B. H., and Sit, K. H. 1996. effect of zinc on the epithelial lining of mice
epididymis: a light microscopic study. Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 73(2-3): 129-132.
Nut def Singh, J. and Moore-Cheatum, L. protective effect of zinc on carbon monoxide teratogenicity in
protein-deficient mice. Teratology 1997 Jan;55(1):39
Alt Singh, J. N. and Dhalla, N. S. 1975. adenylate cyclase activation in lymphoid tissues during
graft-versus-host reaction. Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research 5: 759-70.
BioAcc Singh, K. and Mehta, R. K. 1975. serum zinc level in sheep. Indian Journal of Experimental
Biology 13(5): 496-497.
In Vit Singh, M. V., Bhatnagar, R., and Malhotra, S. K. 1997. inhibition of connexin 43 synthesis by
antisense rna in rat glioma cells. Vol. 91, No. 365, Pp. 103-123 Cytobios
Unrel Singh, N. P., Atkare, P. S., and Dave, B. K. 1985. nutritional management and estrogen therapy
in relation to post partuman oestrus in buffaloes: a note. Indian Journal of Animal Production
and Management 1(4): 156-159.
Surv Singh, P. and Gupta, P. C. studies on soil plant animal relationship of zinc in buffaloes of haryana
region india. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 48(11). 1978.816-820.
No Oral Singh, P. I, Tucker, A. M., andHofer, M. A. 1976. effects of nasal zinc sulfate irrigation and
olfactory bulbectomy on rat pups. Physiology & Behavior. 17(3): 373-382.
No Oral Singh, P. I, Tucker, A. M., andHofer, M. A. 1976. effects of nasal znso4 irrigation and
olfactory bulbectomy on rat. Physiology & Behavior 17(3): 373-82.
Org Met SINGH, R. and SAXENA, Y. the phenomenon of bait shyness in black rat, rattus rattus rufescens
(gray). PAKJZOOL; 23 (1). 1991. 65-68.
No COC Singh, R. and Saxena Y. 1991. the phenomenon of bait shyness in black rat, rattus rattus
rufescens (gray). Pak.J.Zool. 23(1): 65-68.
Nut Singh, R. V., Tewari, N., Singh, C. V., and Singh, Y. P. 1988. estimation of minerals and their
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610-614.
Fate SINGH, R. V., TEWARI, N., SINGH, C. V., and SINGH, Y. P. path coefficient analysis of
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SCI; 58 (8). 1988. 994-996.
CP Singh, S., Shamal, S., and Singh, S. retinal changes in chick embryos induced by excess zinc.
2 2ND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE JAPANESE TERATOLOGY SOCIETY, TOKYO, JAPAN,
JULY 8-9, 1982. TERATOLOGY. 26(1). 1982. lla-12a.
CP Sinha, R., Sherman, S. S., Smith, J. C., and Scares, J. H. 1985. effect of dietary zinc (zn) and age
on differential calcification of bones in female rats. Federation Proceedings 44: 1152.
Abstract Sinha, R., Sherman, S. S., Smith, J. C. Jr, and Scares, J. H. Jr. effect of dietary zinc and age on
differential calcification of bones in female rats. 69TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ANAHEIM,
CALIF., USA, APR. 21-26, 1985. FED PROC. 44 (4). 1985. 1152.
No Oral Sinha, R., Smith, J. Cecil Jr., and Scares, J. H. Jr. the effect of dietary vitamin d metabolites
and zinc on normal and ectopic bone formation in weanling rats. Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) (1993)
13(12): 1393-405 CODEN: NTRSDC; ISSN: 0271-5317.
No Dose SINKELDAM, E. J., LUTEN, J. B., MUYS, T., and BRUYNTJES, J. P. 1987. sub-acute 4-week
oral toxicity of cadmium enriched pig liver in rats. SECOND JOINT MEETING OF THE
NEDERLANDSE VERENIGING VOOR TOXICOLOGIE (TOXICOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF THE
NETHERLANDS) AND THE BRITISH TOXICOLOGY SOCIETY
Nut def Sinning', A. R., Olson, M. D., and Sandstead, H. H. the effects of zinc deficiency on developing
photoreceptors in the rat retina a scanning electron microscopic study. SCANNING ELECTRON
MICROSC. Scanning Electron Microscopy. 1984 (2). 1984. 867-874.
Nut def Sinning, A. R., Olson, M. D., and Sandstead, H. H. 1984. the effects of zinc deficiency on
developing photoreceptors in the rat retina: a scanning microscopic study. Scanning Electron
Microscopy (Pt 2): 867-73.
In Vit Sinning, A. R., Olson, M. D., and Sandstead, H. H. 1981. a preliminary-study of the effects of
dietary zinc-deficiency on developing photoreceptors in the rat. Anatomical Record 199:
A238.
No COC Sinthusek, G. and Magee, A. C. 1984. relationships of dietary zinc/copper ratios to plasma
cholesterol and liver trace mineral deposition in young rats fed saturated and unsaturated fats.
Nutrition Research. 4(5): 841-851.
Diss Sinthusek, Govit. 1983. the effects of zinc and copper supplementation on blood lipids and trace
minerals deposition of young male rats fed either coconut oil or corn oil. Avail.: Univ.
Microfilms Int. Order No. DA831565'3 From: Diss. Abstr. Int. B 1983, 44. 3. 754. 74pp.
Mix Sinthusek, Govit and Magee, Aden C. relationships of dietary zinc/copper ratios to plasma
cholesterol and liver trace mineral deposition in young rats fed saturated and unsaturated fats.
Nutr. Res. (N. Y.) (1984) 4(5): 841-51 .
Phys Sipos Maurice L, Wysocki Charles J, Nyby John G(A), Wysocki Linda, and Nemura Todd A.
1995. an ephemeral pheromone of female house mice: perception via the main and accessory
olfactory systems. Physiology & Behavior 58(3): 529-534.
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Drug Sirakova, I., Christova, Y., Nachev, C., and Sirakov, L. M. 1995. zinc enhances the increase in
opiate and angiotensin ii receptors induced by ischaemic hypoxia in the rat brain. Vol. 23, No. 8,
Pp. 545-546 Med. Sci. Res.
FL Siriak, K. and Stanchev, H. 1996. biological utilisation of zinc from organic and inorganic
sources inchickenbroilers. Zhivotnov"Dni Nauki 33(7/8): 17-20.
QAC SIROTKIN, A. N., ABRAMOVA, T. N., and RASIN, I. M. peculiarities of zinc-65 metabolism
in sheep and substantiation of zinc nutrition rates. S-KHBIOL; 0 (1). 1985. 105-107.
Nut def Sivakumar, B. and Belavady, B. 1975. effect of zinc on vitamin d-dependent calcium uptake in
rat intestine. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics 12(4): 386-388.
Nut def Sivakumar, B. and Belavady, Bhavani. effect of zinc on vitamin d-dependent calcium uptake in
rat intestine. Indian J. Biochem. Biophys. (1975) 12(4): 386-8.
OrgMet Siviter, R. J. and Cockle, S. M(A). 1995. peptides related to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone are
degraded in seminal plasma by an enzyme similar to prolyl endopeptidase. Journal of
Endocrinology 144(1): 61-66.
No Oral Sjoegren, Sven, Persson, Bertil, and Hammarstroem, Lars, zinc and alkaline phosphatase in
developing rat oral mucosa. Ada Odontol. Scand. (1986) 44(3): 177-84
No Oral Skal'ny, A. V. and Kampov-Polevoi, A. B. zinc sulfate in the prevention of alcohol motivation in
rats. Byull. Eksp. Biol. Med. (1988) 106(7): 56-7.
FL Skaljac, G., Najzar-Fleger, D., and Gomercic, V. 1984. [histologic evaluation of the biologic
tolerance of zinc oxyphosphate cement]. histoloska procjena bioloske podnosljivosti
cink oksifosfatnog cementa. Acta Stomatologica Croatica 18(4): 285-92.
Unrel Skene, J. H. and Virag, I. 1989. posttranslational membrane attachment and dynamic fatty
acylationof a neuronal growth cone protein, gap-43. Journal of Cell Biology 108(2): 613-24.
Drug Skerman, T. M., Green, R. S., Hughes, J. M., and Herceg, M. 1983. comparison of footbathing
treatments for ovine footrot using formalinor zinc sulphate. New Zealand Veterinary Journal
31(6): 91-95.
HHE Skinner, J. D., Carruth, B. R., Houck, K. S., Bounds, W., Morris, M., Cox, D. R., Moran, J. 3rd,
and Coletta, F. 1999. longitudinal study of nutrient and food intakes of white preschool children
aged 24 to 60 months. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 99(12): 1514-21.
No COC Sklan, D. and Halevy, O. 1982. intracellular transport of tocopherol in chick liver cytosol.
Nutrition Reports International 25(3): 499-505.
No COC Sklan, D., Halevy, O., and Donoghue, S. 1987. the effect of different dietary levels of vitamin-a
on metabolism of copper iron and zinc in the chick. International Journal For Vitamin And
Nutrition Research 57(1): 11-18.
FL Skorkowska-Zieleniewska, Jadwiga and Oszer, Apolonia. effect of ddt in food on the balance of
some mineral elements in rats. Med. Wet. (1972) 28(12): 741-3.
FL Skrede, A. and Sandvik, R. Norges Landbrugshoegskole Aas Norway. 1990. growth promoting
and antibacterial effects of zinc bacitracin in mink diets. Scientifur. V. 14(2) P. 127-128
Anat SkwarLo-Sonta, K. 1996. functional connections between the pineal gland and immune system.
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Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 56(1): 341-57.
Unrel Slavik, L and Frydrych, Z. studium vlivu dlouhodobe aplikace zn-bacitracinu v krmnych smesich
na rust krys; a study of influence of a long-termed zn-bacitracin application to feed mixtures on
the growth of rats. [zinc]. Biol Chem Vyzivy Zvirat 1971 7 (2): 99-103. Eng. sum.
Carcin Slavik, M, Narasimhan, T. R., Riley, C., and Slavik, J. 1989. changes in serum copper and zinc
during treatment with anticancer drugs interfering with pyridoxal phosphate. Advances In
Experimental Medicine And Biology. 258 : p. 235-242.
CP Slavik, M., Wu, J., and Slavik, J. biochemical changes during nutrition with zinc deficient diet.
75TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, USA, APRIL 21-25, 1991. FASEB (FED AM
SOCEXP BIOL) J. 5 (5). 1991. A941.
FL Slesinger, L. 1972. effect of synthetic ethanol on blood values and fe, cu and zn intissues of
experimental pigs. Veterinaria, Spofa 14(1): 45-57.
Abstract SLEVIN, J. T. and KASARSKIS, E. J. 1988. coadministration of intracerebroventricular zinc
blocks n methyl-d-aspartate-induced electrographic and behavioral seizures. 40THANNUAL
MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY
FL Slobodkina, K. V. and Chernov, A. N. blood lipoprotein lipase in rabbits in normalcy and in the
development of experimental atherosclerosis and the effect of zinc salts on the latter.
Kardiologiya(1971) 11(3): 120-3 .
No Dose Slomianka, Lutz and Geneser, Finn A. postnatal development of zinc-containing cells and
neuropil in the hippocampal region of the mouse. Hippocampus (1997) 7(3): 321-340.
Mix Smart, M. E., Cohen, R., Christensen, D. A., and Williams, C. M. 1986. the effects of sulphate
removal from the drinking water on the plasmaand liver copper and zinc concentrations of beef
cows and their calves. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66(3): 669-680.
Phys Smart, T. G., Moss, S. J., Xie, X., and Huganir, R. L. 1991. gabaa receptors are differentially
sensitive to zinc: dependence on subunit composition. British Journal of Pharmacology 103(4):
1837-9.
In Vit Smart, Trevor G. a novel modulatory binding site for zinc on the gabaa receptor complex in
cultured rat neurons. J. Physiol. (London) (1992) : 447, 587-625.
Nut def Smit, John G., Van der Heide, Daan, Van Tintelen, Gerrit, and Beynen, Anton C. thyroid function
in rats with iodine deficiency is not further impaired by concurrent, marginal zinc deficiency.
Br. J. Nutr. (1993) 70(2): 585-92.
No Dose Smith, B. L. 1980. effect of high concentrations of zinc sulphate in the drinking water of grazing
yearling dairy cattle. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 23(2): 175-178.
Drug Smith, B. L. 1977. toxicity of zinc in ruminants in relation to facial eczema. New Zealand
Veterinary Journal 25(11): 310-312.
No Oral Smith, B. L. and Embling, P. P. 1993. sequential changes in the development of the pancreatic
lesion of zinc toxicosis in sheep. Veterinary Pathology 30(3): 242-247.
Drug Smith, B. L., Embling, P. P., and Pearce, M. G. Ruakura Anim Res. Sta. Ministry of Agric. and
Fisheries Hamilton New Zealand. 1983. zinc sulphate in the drinking water of lactating dairy
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cows for facial eczema control.
(UK). V. 43 P. 217-219
Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production
Drug Smith, B. L., Embling, P. P., Towers, N. R., Wright, D. E., and Payne, E. the protective effect of
zinc sulphate in experimental sporidesminpoisoning of sheep. New Zealand Veterinary Journal\
SN- 0048-0169\ PY- 1977\ VO- 25\ IS- Bodyweight, Sheep Were Given by Mouth 0.125, 0.5 or 2.0
g Zn Daily As Sulphate. Compared With Sheep Given Sporidesmin Without the Zn, Weight Gain
Was Greater, Liver Damage and Photosensitisation, and Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase and
Total Bilirubin Were Less. Degree of Protection Increased, at a Diminishing Rate, With Amount of
Zn. The Protective Dose Was Greater Than Requirement for Growth and Maintenance. The
Margin Between the Protective Dose and a Poisonous Amount Was Narrow, and Znfor Protection
Against Facial Eczema Cannot Be Recommended.
Drug Smith, B. L. and Towers, N. R. 1985. pithomycotoxicosis (facial eczema) in new Zealand and the
use of zincsalts for its prevention. 70-79.
Drug Smith, B. L., Towers, N. R., Jordan, R. B., and Mills, R. A. 1983. zinc in the drinking water of
dairy cattle for facial eczema control. Dairyfarming Annual 35: 62-74.
Drug SMITH, B. L., TOWERS, N. R., MUNDAY, R., MORRIS, C. A., and COLLIN, R. G. 19663.
control of the mycotoxic hepatogenouus photosensitization, facial eczema, in new Zealand.
GARLAND
No Control Smith, B. L. Reynold G. W. and Embling P. P. 1979. effect of method of oral administration of
zinc sulphate on acute zinc toxicity in the sheep. N.Z.J.Exp.Agric. 7: 107-110.
Nut def Smith, B. P., Fisher, G. L.,Poulos, P. W., and Irwin, M. R. 1975. abnormal bone development
and lameness associated with secondary copperdeficiency in young cattle. Journal of the
American Veterinary Medical Association 166(No.7): 682-688.
Gene Smith, C. A., Smith, M. I, and Sinclair, A. H. 1999. expression of chicken steroidogenic factor-1
during gonadal sex differentiation. General and Comparative Endocrinology 113(2): 187-96.
Alt Smith, D. R.,Rodway, M. R., Haniak, W. A., andBellward, G. D. 1987. hepatic estrogen and
androgen receptors and binding proteins in streptozotocin-diabetic male wistar rats.
Diabetologia 30(12): 957-62.
Unrel Smith, Douglas H., Okiyama, Koichi, Thomas, Mark I, and Mclntosh, Tracy K. effects of the
excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists kynurenate and indole-2-carboxylic acid on behavioral
and neurochemical outcome following experimental brain injury. J. Neurosci. (1993) 13(12):
5383-92.
BioX Smith, G. S., Kiesling, H. E., Hallford, D. M., Finkner, R. E., and French, C. 1989.Improving
Livestock Tolerance of Toxicants in Kochia Toward Increased Use As a Water-Efficient Crop.
Technical Rept. WRRI-236
BioX Smith, G. S., Kiesling, H. E., Hallford, D. M., Finkner, R. E., and French, C. improving livestock
tolerance of toxicants in kochia toward increased use as a water-efficient crop. Report (1989)
WRRI-236; Order No. PB89-171508, Avail.: NTISFrom: Gov. Rep. Announce. Index U. S.)
1989, 89(14. Abstr. No. 936,909. 93 pp.
NoCOC Smith, H. W. and Tucker, J. F. 1980. further observations on the effect of feeding diets
containingavoparcin, bacitracin and sodium arsenilate on the colonization of thealimentary tract of
poultry by salmonella organisms. Journal of Hygiene 84(1): 137-150.
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Drug Smith, J. A., Butler, T. C., and Poole, D. T. 1973. effect of protein depletion in guinea-pigs on
glucuronate conjugation of chloramphenicol by liver microsomes. Biochemical Pharmacology
22(8): 981-3.
Abstract Smith, J. C., Failla, M. L., Fields, M, Revett, K. R., and Rose, A. lack of interaction between
dietary fructose and zinc nutriture in rats. 7OTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION
OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ST. LOUIS, MO., USA, APR. 13-
18, 1986. FEDPROC. 45 (4). 1986. 1082.
CP Smith, J. C., Failla, M. L., Fields, M., Revett, K. R., and Rose, A. 1986. lack of interaction
between dietary fructose and zinc (zn) nutriture in rats. Federation Proceedings 45: 1082.
Nut def Smith, J. C. Jr. 1981. alterations in the kinetics of vitamin a-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver
during zinc deficiency. Proceedings Of The Pennsylvania Academy Of Science. 55(2): 183-
186.
Abstract Smith, J. C. Jr, Brown, E. D., Patterson, J. F., and Kraner, H. U. effect of oral contraceptive
hormones on bone and mineral metabolism. Federation Proceedings. 35 (3). 1976683
Nut def Smith, J. C. Jr., Calhoun, N. R., Patterson, K. Y., and Howard, M. P. 1980. effect of severe and
marginal zinc deficiency on dental cariesdevelopment. Federation Proceedings 39(3,1): 431.
Nut def Smith, J. C. Jr., Failla, M. L., Fields, M., Rose, A., and Seidel, K. 1987. lack of an effect of
dietary fructose on severity of zinc deficiency in rats. The Journal Of Nutrition. 117(8): 1443-
1446.
Abstract
Nut def
Abstract
Smith, J. C. Jr and Halsted, J. A. clay ingestion geophagia as a source of dietary zinc.
PROC. Federation Proceedings. 29 (2). 1970 297
FED
Smith, J. C. Jr and Halsted, J. A. 1970. clay ingestion (geophagia) as a source of zinc for rats.
Journal of Nutrition 100(8): 973-80.
Smith, J. C. Jr, Mcdaniel, E. G., Chan, W., and Brown, E. D. effect of zinc therapy and factors
associated with growth on vitamin a metabolism. FED PROC. Federation Proceedings. 34 (3).
1975 907
CP Smith, J. C. Jr, Mcdaniel, E. G., and Doft, F. S. urinary calculi in germ-free rats alleviated by
varying the dietary minerals. HENEGHAN, JAMESB. (ED.). GERMFREERESEARCH.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF GNOTOBIOTIC ENVIRONMENTS. SYMPOSIUM. NEW ORLEANS,
LA., U.S.A. APRIL 16-20, 1972. XVIII+673P. ILL US. ACADEMIC PRESS: NEW YORK, N. Y.,
U.S.A.; LONDON, ENGLAND. 1973 285-290
Nut def Smith, J. C. Jr, McDaniel, E. G., Fan, F. F., and Halsted, J. A. 1973. zinc: a trace element
essential in vitamin a metabolism. Science 181(103): 954-5.
Nut def Smith, J. Cecil Jr., Brown, Ellen D., McDaniel, E. G., and Chan, Winnie, alterations in vitamin a
metabolism during zinc deficiency and food and growth restriction. J. Nutr. (1976) 106(4):
569-74.
Nut def Smith, J. Cecil Jr., Failla, Mark L., Fields, Meira, Rose, Alice, and Seidel, Karen, lack of an effect
of dietary fructose on severity of zinc deficiency in rats. J. Nutr. (1987) 117(8): 1443-6.
Nut def Smith, J. Cecil Jr., McDaniel, E. G., McBean, L. D., Doft, Floyd S., and Halsted, James A. 1972.
effect of microorganisms upon zinc metabolism using germfree and conventional rats. J. Nutr.
102(6): 711-19.
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CP Smith, J. Cecil Jr., McDaniel, E. G., and McBean, Lois D. 1974. effect of microorganisms upon
zinc-65 retention using germfree rats. Trace Elem. Metab. Anim. Proc. Int. Symp., 2nd :
Meeting Date 1973, 547-9. Editor(s): Hoekstra, W. G. Publisher: Univ. Park Press, Baltimore,
Md..
Nut def Smith, J. E., Brown, E. D., and Smith, J. C. Jr. 1974. the effect of zinc deficiency on the
metabolism of retinol-binding protein in the rat. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
84(5): 692-7.
No Oral Smith, J. F. 1978. effect of zinc on reproduction in sheep. New Zealand,
Ministry of Agriculture an d Fisheries:Agricultural Research in the New Zealand Ministry of
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No Oral Smith, J. F. and Smith, B. L. 1984. effect of premating selenium and zinc treatments on
ovulation rate and embryonic mortality in ewes. new Zealand, ministry of
agriculture and fisheries.agricultural research division, annual report. 1982/83. 50.
Abstract Smith, J. W. li, Arthington, J. D., Tokach, M. D., Goodband, R. D., Nelssen, J. L., Richert, B. T.,
Owen, K. Q., Bergstrom, J. R., and Nessmith, W. B. Jr. 1996. the effect of supplemental mineral
regimen on weanling pig growth performance. Journal of Animal Science 74(SUPPL. 1): 57.
Abstract Smith, J. W. li, Tokach, M. D., Goodband, R. D., Nelssen, J. L., Nesmith, W. B. Jr, Owen, K. Q.,
and Richert, B. T. 1995. the effect of increasing zinc oxide supplementation on starter pig growth
performance. Journal of Animal Science 73(SUPPL. 1): 72.
Mix Smith, J. W. II, Tokach, M. D., Goodband, R. D., Nelssen, J. L., and Richert, B. T. 1997. effects
of the interrelationship between zinc oxide and copper sulfate on growth performance of early-
weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science 75(7): 1861-1866.
Nut def Smith, James Cecil and Halsted, James A. clay ingestion (geophagia) as a source of zinc for rats.
J. Nutr. (1970) 100(8): 973-80 .
Nut def Smith, John Edgar, Brown, Ellen D., and Smith, J. Cecil Jr. effect of zinc deficiency on the
metabolism of retinol-binding protein in the rat. J. Lab. Clin. Med. (1974) 84(5): 692-7
Abstract Smith, K. T., Failla, M. L., and Cousins, R. J. zinc absorption by isolated vascularly perfused rat
intestine. FED PROC. Federation Proceedings. 37 (3). 1978 332
In Vit Smith, Kenneth T. and Cousins, Robert J. quantitative aspects of zinc absorption by isolated,
vascularly perfused rat intestine. The Journal Of Nutrition. Feb 1980. v. 110 (2) p. 316-323.
ill., charts.
Nut def Smith, Kenneth T., Cousins, Robert J., Silbon, Brian L., and Failla, Mark L. zinc absorption and
metabolism by isolated, vascularly perfused rat intestine. J. Nutr. (1978) 108(11): 1849-57
CP Smith, L. E. H(A), Freedman, S. F., Foley, E. D(A), Mclellan A(A), and Schwartz, P. A. 1994.
the effect of overexpression of cu/zn superoxide dismutase on oxygen-induced retinopathy in a
transgenic mouse. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 35(4): 1442.
No COC Smith, M. O. and Teeter, R. G. 1987. efficacy of narasin, roxarsone and bacitracin combinations
in the dietof broiler chickens. Animal Science Research Report, Agricultural Experiment Station,
Oklahoma State University (MP-119): 184-187.
No COC Smith, M. O. and Teeter, R. G. evaluation of halofuginone hydrobromide, bacitracin-zinc and
roxarsone in diets of broiler chickens. Miscellaneous Publication -Agricultural Experiment
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Station, Oklahoma State University. May 1987. (119) p. 173-176.
No COC Smith, M. O. and Teeter, R. G. 1987. performance of broiler chickens fed diets containing
nicarbazin,roxarsone and bacitracin. Animal Science Research Report, Agricultural Experiment
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CP Smith, P. J., Samuleson, D. A., and Lewis, P. 1994. influence of dietary zinc levels and excessive
light exposure on elemental profiles of melanin granules in the rpe and choroid of young pigs.
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Unrel Smits, B., Croft, D. L., and Abrams-Ogg, A. C. G. 1991. lethal acrodermatitis in bull terriers: a
problem of defective zincmetabolism. Veterinary Dermatology 2(2): 91-96.
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Nut def Smolinskaya, V. A., Matiyash, Yu. M., and Ostapyak, I. M. 1986. chemiluminescence value,
activity of metalloenzymes and theconcentration of trace elements in blood and organs in
vitamine-deficient animals. biokhemilyuminestsentsiya v sel'skom khozyaistve.
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Phys Snaith, Sybil M., Hay, A. I, and Lewy, G. A. relation between the .alpha.-mannosidase activity
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Drug Snead, D., Barre, P., Bajpai, P. K., Taylor, A., Reynolds, D., Mehling, B., Longo, A., and Nolan,
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Nut Snedeker, S. M. and Greger, J. L. 1983. metabolism of zinc, copper and iron as affected by
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Nut Snedeker, Suzanne M. and Greger, J. L. metabolism of zinc, copper and iron as affected by
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Drug Snyder, D. R., Gralla, E. I, and Coleman, G. L. 1977. preliminary neurological evaluation of
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BioX Snyder, S. L. and Walker, R. I. 1976. inhibition of lethality in endotoxin-challenged mice treated
with zinc chloride. Infection and Immunity 13(3): 998-1000.
BioX Snyder, Stephen L. and Walker, Richard I. 1976. inhibition of lethality in endotoxin-
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Unrel Scares, L, Goldberg, F., Massone, E. I, and Scares, I. M. 1990. periapical tissue response to two
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CP Scares, J. H. Jr., Fenton, K., Beecher, G. R., Bodwell, C. E., and Smith, J. C. Jr. 1983. the effect
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of dietary zinc and vitamin d steroids on bone turnover using different aged female rats, fifth
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CP Scares, J. H. Jr, Madara, P. I, and Smith, J. C. Jr. high levels of dietary zinc and copper increase
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ASSOCIATION, INC. POULT SCI. 63 (Suppl. 1). 1984. 186.
Mix Scares, J. H. Jr., Sherman, S., Sinha, R., Beecher, G. R., Bodwell, C. E., and Smith, J. Cecil Jr.
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dihydroxyvitamin d-3 and zinc on bone metabolism. 69TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, ANAHEIM,
CALIF., USA, APR. 21-26, 1985. FED PROC. 44 (4). 1985. 883.
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BioX Sobocinski, P. Z., Powanda, M. C., Canterbury, W. J., Machotka, S. V., and Walker, R. I.
\916Abatement of Hepatocellular Damage and Mortality Incidence by Zinc Treatments in
Endotoxemic Rats. Interim Rept
BioX Sobocinski, P. Z., Powanda, M. C., Canterbury, W. J., Machotka, S. V., Walker, R. I., and
Snyder, S. L. 1977. role of zinc in the abatement of hepatocellular damage and mortality
incidence in endotoxemic rats. Infect. Immun. 15(3): 950-7.
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behavioral function in weanling rats. 71ST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF
AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA,
MARCH 29-APRIL 2, 1987. FED PROC. 46 (3). 1987. 903.
CP Sobotka, T., Rader, J., Brodie, R., Quander, Y., and West, G. 1987. impact of zinc (zn) depletion
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HHE Solomons, N. W., Marchini, J. S., Duartefavaro, R. M., Vannuchi, H., and Deoliveira, J. E. D.
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Unrel Song, M. K. and Borowsky, S. 1984. effects of alcohol and carbon tetrachloride on
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control by t-3 of surfactant, apoprotein mrna, and antioxidant enzyme (aoe) mrna levels in fetal rat
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CP Southon, S., Williams, C. M., and Fairweather-Tait, S. J. maternal glucose homeostasis in rats
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CP
CP
CP
CP
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Org Met
Prim
Drug
FL
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HHE Wahid, M. A., Fathi, S. A. H., and Aboulkhair, M. R. 1988. zinc in human health and disease.
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Abstract Wallace, E. and Calvin, H. I. effects of zinc deficiency on the development of rat spermatozoa.
14TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF REPRODUCTION,
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71ST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR
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THE 14TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE, PART 2,
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CP Wallwork, J. C. and Sandstead, H. H. protein and zinc interrelationships in the diet of growing
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FORTSCHRITTE DER VETERINAERMEDIZIN, VOL. 3 3. ADVANCES IN VETERINARY
MEDICINE; NORMAL AND INDUCED CHANGES IN THE GASTRO'-INTESTINAL
MICROFLORA IN MAN AND ANIMALS WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO ANIMAL
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Argentina 72(1): 4-5,7-10.
Unrel Zmener, O. and Dominguez, F. V. 1983. tissue response to a glass ionomer used as an
endodontic cement, a preliminary study in dogs. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral
Pathology 56(2): 198-205.
Diss Zmudzki, J. 1986. [lead toxicity in calves [zinc protoporphyrin, aminolevulinic acid dehydratase
activity, in vivo diagnosis and laboratory diagnosis]]. toksykologia olowiu u cielat.
89 P.
Nut Zolotnitskaya, V. Ya. 1994. stimulating feed supplements in diets for piglets. Zootekhniya
(12): 14-16.
Nut def Zorbas, Yan G., Yaroshenko, Yuri N., Kuznetsov, Nikolai K., and Ivanov, Alexei L. daily zinc
supplementation effect on zinc deficiency in rats during prolonged restriction of motor activity.
Biol. Trace Elem. Res. (1997) 60(1 and 2): 101-113.
Unrel Zorick Todd S and Lemke Greg(A). 1996. schwann cell differentiation. Current Opinion in
Cell Biology 8(6): 870-876.
Phys Zou, Wei and Zhao, Yongkui. comparison of seven trace elements in the brains of newborn and
adult rats. Zhongguo Shenjing Kexue Zazhi (1998) 14(2): 101-104.
FL Zou Wie, Feng BoSen, Zhang DongYan, and Yang WenXin. 1999. the effect of supplementing
four nutrients on brain development of theoffspring rats. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica 21(4): 434-
439.
Nut Zsinka, A. J. N., Peredi, J., Lindner-Szotyori, K., and Biro, G. effect of interesterified dietary
fat mixtures on various lipid indexes and liver metal content of rats in fat metabolism
disturbance. Nahrung (1988) 32(9): 815-21 .
Drug Zsinka, A. J. N., Szepvolgyi, J., Foldes, V., Peredi, J., and Lindner-Szotyori, K. study into the
effect of diets containing various amounts of soy fiber and fat in rats. Acta Alimentaria. 15 (1).
1986. 39-46.
Bact Zuckert, Wolfram R., Marquis, Helene, and Goldfine, Howard, modulation of enzymic activity
and biological function of listeria monocytogenes broad-range phospholipase c by amino acid
substitutions and by replacement with the bacillus cereus ortholog. Infect. Immun. (1998)
66(10): 4823-4831.
CP Zwick, D., Frimpong, N. A., and Tulp, O. L. effects of zinc intake on oral and i.p. glycemic
responses of lain-cp rats. 74TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FEDERA TION OF AMERICAN
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
780
June 2007
-------
SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, PARTI, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, APRIL 1-5,
1990. FASEB (FEDAMSOCEXP BIOL) J. 4 (3). 1990. A388.
Nut def Zwickl, C. M. and Fraker, P. J. restoration of the antibody mediated response of zinc/caloric
deficient neonatal mice. Immunol. Commun. (1980) 9(6): 611-26.
Nut def Zwickl, C. M. and Fraker, P. J. restoration of the antibody mediated response on zinc caloric
deficient neo natal mice. . Immunological Communications. 9 (6). 1980. 611-626.
EMM Zychlinsky, A., Zheng, L. M., Liu, C. C., and Young, J. D. 1991. cytolytic lymphocytes induce
both apoptosis and necrosis in target cells. Journal of Immunology 146(1): 393-400.
Eco-SSL for Zinc 781 June 2007
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-------
Literature Rejection Categories
Rejection Criteria
ABSTRACT
(Abstract)
ACUTE STUDIES
(Acu)
AIR POLLUTION
(AirP)
ALTERED RECEPTOR
(Alt)
AQUATIC STUDIES
(Aquatic)
ANATOMICAL STUDIES
(Anat)
BACTERIA
(Bact)
BIOACCUMULATION
SURVEY
(Bio Ace)
BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT
(BioP)
BIOMARKER
(Biom)
CARCINOGENICITY
STUDIES
(Carcin)
CHEMICAL METHODS
(Chem Meth)
CONFERENCE
PROCEEDINGS
(CP)
DEAD
(Dead)
DISSERTATIONS
(Diss)
DRUG
(Drug)
DUPLICATE DATA
(Dup)
Description
Abstracts of journal publications or conference
presentations.
Single oral dose or exposure duration of three days or less.
Studies describing the results for air pollution studies.
Studies that describe the effects of the contaminant on
surgically-altered or chemically -modified receptors (e.g.,
right nephrectomy, left renal artery ligature, hormone
implant, etc.).
Studies that investigate toxicity in aquatic organisms.
Studies of anatomy. Instance where the contaminant is
used in physical studies (e.g., silver nitrate staining for
histology).
Studies on bacteria or susceptibility to bacterial infection.
Studies reporting the measurement of the concentration of
the contaminant in tissues.
Studies of biological toxicants, including venoms, fungal
toxins, Bacillus thuringiensis, other plant, animal, or
microbial extracts or toxins.
Studies reporting results for a biomarker having no
reported association with an adverse effect and an
exposure dose (or concentration).
Studies that report data only for carcinogenic endpoints
such as tumor induction. Papers that report systemic
toxicity data are retained for coding of appropriate
endpoints.
Studies reporting methods for determination of
contaminants, purification of chemicals, etc. Studies
describing the preparation and analysis of the contaminant
in the tissues of the receptor.
Studies reported in conference and symposium
proceedings.
Studies reporting results for dead organisms. Studies
reporting field mortalities with necropsy data where it is
not possible to establish the dose to the organism.
Dissertations are excluded. However, dissertations are
flagged for possible future use.
Studies reporting results for testing of drug and therapeutic
effects and side-effects. Therapeutic drugs include
vitamins and minerals. Studies of some minerals may be
included if there is potential for adverse effects.
Studies reporting results that are duplicated in a separate
publication. The publication with the earlier year is used.
Receptor
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
-------
Literature Rejection Categories
Rejection Criteria
ECOLOGICAL
INTERACTIONS
(Ecol)
EFFLUENT
(Effl)
ECOLOGICALLY
RELEVANT ENDPOINT
(ERE)
CONTAMINANT
FATE/METABOLISM
(Fate)
FOREIGN LANGUAGE
(FL)
FOOD STUDIES
(Food)
FUNGUS
(Fungus)
GENE
(Gene)
HUMAN HEALTH
(HHE)
IMMUNOLOGY
(IMM)
INVERTEBRATE
(Invert)
IN VITRO
(In Vit)
LEAD SHOT
(Lead shot)
MEDIA
(Media)
METHODS
(Meth)
MINERAL REQUIREMENTS
(Mineral)
MIXTURE
(Mix)
Description
Studies of ecological processes that do not investigate
effects of contaminant exposure (e.g., studies of "silver"
fox natural history; studies on ferrets identified in iron
search).
Studies reporting effects of effluent, sewage, or polluted
runoff.
Studies reporting a result for endpoints considered as
ecologically relevant but is not used for deriving Eco-SSLs
(e.g., behavior, mortality).
Studies reporting what happens to the contaminant, rather
than what happens to the organism. Studies describing the
intermediary metabolism of the contaminant (e.g.,
radioactive tracer studies) without description of adverse
effects.
Studies in languages other than English.
Food science studies conducted to improve production of
food for human consumption.
Studies on fungus.
Studies of genotoxicity (chromosomal aberrations and
mutagenicity).
Studies with human subjects.
Studies on the effects of contaminants on immuno logical
endpoints.
Studies that investigate the effects of contaminants on
terrestrial invertebrates are excluded.
In vitro studies, including exposure of cell cultures,
excised tissues and/or excised organs.
Studies administering lead shot as the exposure form.
These studies are labeled separately for possible later
retrieval and review.
Authors must report that the study was conducted using
natural or artificial soil. Studies conducted in pore water or
any other aqueous phase (e.g., hydroponic solution), filter
paper, petri dishes, manure, organic or histosoils (e.g., peat
muck, humus), are not considered suitable for use in
defining soil screening levels.
Studies reporting methods or methods development
without usable toxicity test results for specific endpoints.
Studies examining the minerals required for better
production of animals for human consumption, unless
there is potential for adverse effects.
Studies that report data for combinations of single
toxicants (e.g. cadmium and copper) are excluded.
Exposure in a field setting from contaminated natural soils
or waste application to soil may be coded as Field Survey.
Receptor
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
-------
Literature Rejection Categories
Rejection Criteria
MODELING
(Model)
NO CONTAMINANT OF
CONCERN
(No COC)
NO CONTROL
(No Control)
NO DATA
(No Data)
NO DOSE or CONC
(No Dose)
NO DURATION
(No Dur)
NO EFFECT
(No Efct)
NO ORAL
(No Oral)
NO ORGANISM
(No Org) or NO SPECIES
NOT AVAILABLE
(Not Avail)
NOT PRIMARY
(Not Prim)
NO TOXICANT
(No Tox)
NO TOX DATA
(No Tox Data)
NUTRIENT
(Nutrient)
NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY
(Nut def)
NUTRITION
(Nut)
OTHER AMBIENT
CONDITIONS
(OAC)
Description
Studies reporting the use of existing data for modeling,
i.e., no new organism toxicity data are reported. Studies
which extrapolate effects based on known relationships
between parameters and adverse effects.
Studies that do not examine the toxicity of Eco-SSL
contaminants of concern.
Studies which lack a control or which have a control that is
classified as invalid for derivation of TRVs.
Studies for which results are stated in text but no data is
provided. Also refers to studies with insufficient data
where results are reported for only one organism per
exposure concentration or dose (wildlife).
Studies with no usable dose or concentration reported, or
an insufficient number of doses/concentrations are used
based on Eco-SSL SOPs. These are usually identified
after examination of full paper. This includes studies
which examine effects after exposure to contaminant
ceases. This also includes studies where offspring are
exposed in utero and/or lactation by doses to parents and
then after weaning to similar concentrations as their
parents. Dose cannot be determined.
Studies with no exposure duration. These are usually
identified after examination of full paper.
Studies with no relevant effect evaluated in a biological
test species or data not reported for effect discussed.
Studies using non-oral routes of contaminant
administration including intraperitoneal injection, other
injection, inhalation, and dermal exposures.
Studies that do not examine or test a viable organism (also
see in vitro rejection category).
Papers that could not be located. Citation from electronic
searches may be incorrect or the source is not readily
available.
Papers that are not the original compilation and/or
publication of the experimental data.
No toxicant used. Publications often report responses to
changes in water or soil chemistry variables, e.g., pH or
temperature. Such publications are not included.
Studies where toxicant used but no results reported that
had a negative impact (plants and soil invertebrates).
Nutrition studies reporting no concentration related
negative impact.
Studies of the effects of nutrient deficiencies. Nutritional
deficient diet is identified by the author. If reviewer is
uncertain then the administrator should be consulted.
Effects associated with added nutrients are coded.
Studies examining the best or minimum level of a
chemical in the diet for improvement of health or
maintenance of animals in captivity.
Studies which examine other ambient conditions: pH,
salinity, DO, UV, radiation, etc.
Receptor
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
-------
Literature Rejection Categories
Rejection Criteria
OIL
(Oil)
OM,pH
(OM, pH)
ORGANIC METAL
(Org Met)
LEAD BEHAVIOR OR HIGH
DOSE MODELS
(Pb Behav)
PHYSIOLOGY STUDIES
(Phys)
PLANT
(Plant)
PRIMATE
(Prim)
PUBLAS
(Publ as)
QSAR
(QSAR)
REGULATIONS
(Reg)
REVIEW
(Rev)
Description
Studies which examine the effects of oil and petroleum
products.
Organic matter content of the test soil must be reported by
the authors, but may be presented in one of the following
ways; total organic carbon (TOC), particulate organic
carbon (POC), organic carbon (OC), coarse particulate
organic matter (CPOM), particulate organic matter (POM),
ash free dry weight of soil, ash free dry mass of soil,
percent organic matter, percent peat, loss on ignition
(LOI), organic matter content (OMC).
With the exception of studies on non-ionizing substances,
the study must report the pH of the soil, and the soil pH
should be within the range of >4 and <8.5. Studies that
do not report pH or report pH outside this range are
rejected.
Studies which examine the effects of organic metals. This
includes tetraethyl lead, triethyl lead, chromium
picolinate, phenylarsonic acid, roxarsone, 3-nitro-4-
phenylarsonic acid,, zinc phosphide, monomethylarsonic
acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), trimethylarsine
oxide (TMAO), or arsenobetaine (AsBe) and other organo
metallic fungicides. Metal acetates and methionines are
not rejected and are evaluated.
There are a high number of studies in the literature that
expose rats or mice to high concentrations of lead in
drinking water (0.1, 1 to 2% solutions) and then observe
behavior in offspring, and/or pathology changes in the
brain of the exposed dam and/or the progeny. Only a
representative subset of these studies were coded.
Behavior studies examining complex behavior (learned
tasks) were also not coded.
Physiology studies where adverse effects are not
associated with exposure to contaminants of concern.
Studies of terrestrial plants are excluded.
Primate studies are excluded.
The author states that the information in this report has
been published in another source. Data are recorded from
only one source. The secondary citation is noted as Publ
As.
Derivation of Quantitative Structure- Activity
Relationships (QSAR) is a form of modeling. QSAR
publications are rejected if raw toxicity data are not
reported or if the toxicity data are published elsewhere as
original data.
Regulations and related publications that are not a primary
source of data.
Studies in which the data reported in the article are not
primary data from research conducted by the author. The
publication is a compilation of data published elsewhere.
These publications are reviewed manually to identify other
relevant literature.
Receptor
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Wildlife
Wildlife
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
-------
Literature Rejection Categories
Rejection Criteria
SEDIMENT CONC
(Sed)
SCORE
(Score)
SEDIMENT CONC
(Sed)
SLUDGE
SOIL CONC
(Soil)
SPECIES
STRESSOR
(QAC)
SURVEY
(Surv)
REPTILE OR AMPHIBIAN
(Herp)
UNRELATED
(Unrel)
WATER QUALITY STUDY
(Wqual)
YEAST
(Yeast)
Description
Studies in which the only exposure concentration/dose
reported is for the level of a toxicant in sediment.
Papers in which all studies had data evaluation scores at or
lower then the acceptable cut-off (_s 10 of 18) for plants
and soil invertebrates).
Studies in which the only exposure concentration/dose
reported is for the level of a toxicant in sediment.
Studies on the effects of ingestion of soils amended with
sewage sludge.
Studies in which the only exposure concentration/dose
reported is for the level of a toxicant in soil.
Studies in which the species of concern was not a
terrestrial invertebrate or plant or mammal or bird.
Studies examining the interaction of a stressor (e.g.,
radiation, heat, etc.) and the contaminant, where the effect
of the contaminant alone cannot be isolated.
Studies reporting the toxicity of a contaminant in the field
over a period of time. Often neither a duration nor an
exposure concentration is reported.
Studies on reptiles and amphibians. These papers flagged
for possible later review.
Studies that are unrelated to contaminant exposure and
response and/or the receptor groups of interest.
Studies of water quality.
Studies of yeast.
Receptor
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
Wildlife
Plants and Soil Invertebrates
-------
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
-------
Appendix 5-1
Avian Toxicity Data Extracted and Reviewed for Wildlife Toxicity
Reference Value (TRY) - Zinc
June 2007
-------
This page intentionally left blank
-------
Appendix 5.1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 1 of 5
Ref
Result #
Z;
%
<£
o>
u
C
o>
s2
V
<£
Exposure
1
"s
_y
-------
Appendix 5.1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 2 of 5
Ref
Result #
54
55
Z;
%
<£
5373
5373
o>
u
C
o>
s2
V
<£
Bartov, 1996
Bartov, 1996
Exposure
1
"s
_y
-------
Appendix 5.1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 3 of 5
Ref
Result #
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
Z;
%
<£
14538
92
6655
6039
6048
8184
5067
5067
5764
8184
2517
37018
14404
14538
14538
6368
6627
6133
5903
5820
5866
8008
6133
9749
9261
5617
37018
93
6273
2517
5373
6435
5681
7956
6545
5373
o>
u
C
o>
s2
V
<£
Roberson and Schaible, 1960
Hill, 1974
Hamilton et al, 1979
Heniy etal, 1987
Gibson etal, 1986
Stevenson et al, 1987
Sandoval et al, 1999
Sandoval et al, 1999
StaM, etal, 1990
Stevenson et al, 1987
Bafundoetal, 1984
Dewaretal, 1983
Vohra and Kratzer, 1968
Roberson and Schaible, 1960
Roberson and Schaible, 1960
Southern and Baker, 1983
Oh etal, 1979
Jackson etal, 1986
Lu and Combs, 1988
Stahletal, 1989
Lu and Combs, 1988
Luetal, 1990
Jackson etal, 1986
Jensen and Maurice, 1980
Gasaway and Buss, 1 972
Pimentel et al, 1992
Dewaretal, 1983
Berg and Martinson, 1972
Bafundoetal, 1984
Bafundoetal, 1984
Bartov, 1996
Rama and Planas, 1981
Dean etal, 1991
Bartov etal, 1994
Palafox and Ho-A, 1980
Bartov, 1996
Exposure
1
"s
_y
-------
Appendix 5.1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 4 of 5
Ref
Result #
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
Z;
%
<£
37018
1369
37018
14404
9261
80
80
o>
u
C
o>
s2
V
<£
Dewaretal, 1983
Hill, 1974
Dewaretal, 1983
Vohra and Kratzer, 1968
Gasaway and Buss, 1 972
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Exposure
1
"s
_y
-------
Appendix 5.1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 5 of 5
Ref
"3
S
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
Z;
A
5903
5868
7245
93
5619
1624
6435
6144
7089
8181
o>
u
C
g
A
Lu and Combs, 1988
Blalock and Hill, 1988
Sandoval et al, 1998
Berg and Martinson, 1972
Pimentel et al, 1992
Wight etal, 1986
Rama and Planas, 1981
Berry and Brake, 1985
Berry and Brake, 1990
Berry etal., 1987
Exposure
1
"s
o
c
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
% in diet
mg/kg diet
•D
|
.£f
^
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
£
^
*O
U
s
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
,
H
•B
&
c
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
GRO
CHM
CHM
3
1
•B
&
c
GENZ
HMGL
MCPR
ASHC
HMGL
GLPX
HMGL
BDWT
GBCM
PCLV
S
ix
o
D.
£
PS
BL
LI
BO
BL
PS
BL
WO
SG
BL
NOAEL
•D
1
H
8
•O
1
1000
1000
1000
2000
2052.6
20000
5000
20000
2
20000
Conversion to mg/kg bw/day
ft
o
a
.a
.£P
*3
>t
«
N
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
N
N
DJD
.£f
'5
>>
«
0.328
0.164
0.084
0.109
0.0397
1.3
0.075
1.6
1.6
1.6
s^-
"£
a
A
S
n
o
S
c
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
0
^
c
«
o
H 1"
s ^
0.02817
0.01794
0.0116
0.01375
0.00712
0.0336
0.01078
0.07903
0.07903
0.07903
Result
^
•D
•a
o
n
<<
§
~£fc
^
"DiD
1
•<
s
85.9
109
138
252
368
517
719
988
988
988
Data Evaluation Score
ource
R
n
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1
0
s
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
c
o
oncentra
U
u
H
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
cal form
-------
-------
Appendix 6-1
Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted and Reviewed for Wildlife
Toxicity Reference Value (TR V) - Zinc
June 2007
-------
This page intentionally left blank
-------
Appendix 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 1 of 5
Ref
Result #
Z;
1
1
1
Exposure
Chemical Form
SS
fe
1
1
5»
H
Phase #
# of Cone/ Doses
1
o
Q
1
o
O
Cone/Dose Units
Wet Weight Reported?
Percent Moisture
Application Frequency
Method of Analyses
Route of Exposure
Exposure Duration
Duration Units
&
if.
Age Units
Lifestage
x
»
Effects
Control Type
o
H
General Effect Group
Effect Type
Effect Measure
Response Site
J
H
|
^l
i
s
Study LOAEL
Conversion to mg/kg bw/day
Body Weight Reported?
Body Weight in kg
Ingestion Rate Reported?
Ingestion Rate in kg or L/day
Result
NOAELDose (mg/kg/day)
LOAEL Dose (mg/kg/day)
Data Evaluation Score
Data Source
Dose Route
Test Concentrations
Chemical form
Dose Quantification
Endpoint
BJD
C
3
1
Q
Statistical Power
Exposure Duration
Test Conditions
3
o
H
Biochemical
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
2033
21171
45270
21067
47892
21240
47892
36302
14536
14525
14537
14537
40436
43680
43680
22300
43680
43680
14656
40997
638
36982
38623
36983
21011
46830
21015
19290
37015
149
37010
39802
36967
14376
36953
38015
42961
43264
36374
36346
13236
Brandt, 1983
Van der Schee et al, 1980
Hill and Miller, 1983
Reeves and Newman, 1997
Gaynoretal, 1988
Mengoetal., 1991
Gaynoretal, 1988
Brzoska et al, 2001
Ottetal., 1966
Brink etal, 1959
Ottetal., 1966
Ottetal., 1966
Bentley and Grubb, 1991
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Whanger and Weswig, 1 970
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
O'Neil-Cutting et al, 1981
Urabe and Hayakawa, 1990
Nakamura et al., 1983
L'Abbe and Fischer, 1984
Elliot and Walker, 1968
L'Abbe and Fischer, 1984
Subramanian et al, 2000
Shankar et al, 1986
Iran, et. al, 1999
Kadiiska et al, 1985
Reeves et al, 1994
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Yamaguchi etal, 1982
Tantcheva et al, 1993
Jaw and Jeffery, 1988
Hsu etal, 1975
Thawley, et. al., 1978
Settlemire andMatrone, 1967
Ogiso, et. al., 1974
Scott and Magee, 1979
Pettersen, et al, 2002
Gautam et al, 2001
Rana et. al, 1985
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc acetate
Zinc chloride
Zinc chloride
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
zinc acetate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate
Zinc
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc chloride
Zinc chloride
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc chloride
Zinc acetate
Zinc acetate
100
100
100
100
100
35.64
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
40.5
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
35.64
100
Mink (Mustela vison }
Sheep (Ovis dries')
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus }
Cattle (Bos taurus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus'')
Cattle (Bos taunts}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Cattle (Bos taurus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Sheep (Ovis aries}
Sheep (Ovis aries}
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
4
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
2
2
3
2
2
6
6
8
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
0/171/330
0/223/409
0/500/5000
0/350
0/1264.0
0/1000/3000
0/1386.4
0/8.0
0/0.5/0.9/1.3/1.7/2.1
0/0.05/0.10/0.20/0.40/0.80
0/0.5/1.0/1.5/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5
0/2.0/4.0/6.0
0/1000/5000
0/23.2/234/2514
0/24.5/243/2486
0/1000/4000/8000
0/42.7/458/4927
0/46.4/479/4878
0/0.75
0/30
0/200
0/120/240
0/478
0/240
0/400
0/400
0/400/1000
0/100
0/56
0/3000
0/100/1000
0/100
0/1150
0/4000
0/0.6
0/0.75
0/1
0/0.75
0/10/20
0/5
0/5.0
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/org/d
g/kg diet
% in diet
g/kg diet
g/org/day
ug/g
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/g diet
ug/g
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
ug/g
mg/kg diet
% in diet
% in diet
% in diet
% in diet
g/kg diet
g/kg bw
g/kg bw/d
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
DLY
M
M
U
U
M
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
OR
DR
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
4
98
4
7
4
3
5
12
12
42
7
11
22
13
13
10
13
13
18
42
11
6
4
2
6
120
7
30
2
2
30
30
8
2
6
5
15
1
3
2
30
mo
d
w
w
w
mo
w
w
w
d
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
w
d
w
w
w
d
90
NR
NR
21
NR
1
NR
2
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
5
5
21
5
5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
40
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
4
NR
4-6
NR
NR
4
NR
90
d
NR
NR
d
NR
mo
NR
mo
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
w
d
w
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
NR
w
NR
w
NR
NR
w
NR
d
JV
JV
GE
JV
LC
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
M
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
B
NR
M
M
B
M
F
M
M
F
M
M
F
M
B
M
M
F
M
M
M
M
M
M
F
NR
M
M
M
B
B
NR
M
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
NR
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
NR
NR
COM
COM
COM
LAB
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
COM
COM
COM
LAB
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
DOM
COM
LAB
COM
COM
LAB
WLD
LAB
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
ENZ
CHM
ENZ
CHM
ENZ
CHM
ENZ
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
CHM
MCHC
HMCT
ALPH
HMCT
PRTL
CHOL
PRTL
CALC
PCLV
HMGL
PCLV
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
HEMT
GBCM
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
PRTL
GLUC
GBCM
HMGL
CCOX
HMGL
CHOL
MCPR
P450
GBCM
GLPX
CALC
AHDX
GBCM
ALPH
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
HMGL
NACO
CALC
GLYC
PL
BL
SR
BL
MK
BL
MK
TB
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
BL
LI
SR
SR
WO
LI
PL
SR
IN
LI
LI
BL
SR
LI
LI
SR
BL
BL
BL
BL
HE
LI
LI
171
409
500
350
1264
1000
1386.4
8
1.3
0.1
1.5
2
1000
234
243
4000
458
479
0.75
30
330
5000
3000
1.7
0.2
2
4
5000
2514
2486
8000
4927
4878
200
120
478
240
400
400
400
100
56
3000
100
100
1150
4000
0.6
0.75
1
0.75
10
5
5
Y
N
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
1.985
34
55.1
0.267
623.2
0.217
626.2
0.2
270
47.99915
44.5
37.6
3
0.43
0.255
0.235
0.0453
0.0446
0.438
0.253
0.1838
0.235
84
0.217
0.198
0.2779
0.25
0.175
0.1728
61.3
0.071
0.145
0.22
16.3
0.15
0.235
0.1558
0.029
0.017
0.06
0.1
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
0.1207024
1
2.75
0.0232033
15.1
0.0195671
15
0.0335
8.85
2.09
1.52
1.4
0.1694925
0.0236
0.0156
0.0208917
0.006
0.00416
0.034853
0.0142
0.008
0.0208917
2.622493
0.0195671
0.01395
0.0201
0.0219818
0.0206238
0.0162262
2.02418
0.0078107
0.0174127
0.0197892
1.446
0.0144445
0.0208917
0.0149021
0.0037415
0.002412
0.0068014
0.0103504
10.4
12
25.0
30.4
30.6
32.1
33.2
40.0
42.6
43.5
51.2
53.2
56.5
234
243
356
458
479
597
1684
20.1
250
96.4
55.7
87.1
68.3
106
282
2514
2486
711
4927
4878
8.71
10.7
14.9
21.6
28.2
28.9
35.2
40.5
56
99.1
100
100
103
354
578
667
956
968
1419
1782
5000
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
8
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
10
10
5
5
10
5
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
10
10
5
10
10
5
10
10
5
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
5
5
10
10
4
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
5
5
6
6
7
5
7
5
7
7
6
7
7
7
6
7
7
5
7
7
6
7
7
5
6
5
7
7
6
10
10
6
10
10
6
7
6
5
6
6
6
10
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
4
8
4
4
10
4
4
10
10
10
10
8
6
6
10
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
10
1
10
10
1
10
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
4
7
4
4
4
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
81
66
70
72
67
70
67
72
71
77
72
75
74
73
73
75
73
73
70
71
66
74
70
69
66
66
70
69
68
70
72
69
70
66
70
69
70
70
70
69
72
Behavior
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
46830
47892
47892
40409
14685
14535
14525
42234
46274
43680
46274
46274
46274
37837
40997
Shankar etal, 1986
Gaynoretal, 1988
Gaynoretal, 1988
Henry etal, 1997
Miller etal., 1989
Ottetal, 1966
Brink etal, 1959
Schell andKornegay, 1996
Aulenchetal, 1991
Malta etal, 1981
Aulenchetal, 1991
Aulenchetal, 1991
Aulenchetal, 1991
Ketcheson etal, 1969
Urabe and Hayakawa, 1990
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Cattle (Bos taurus}
Cattle (Bos taurus}
Sheep (Ovis aries}
Cattle (Bos taurus}
Sheep (Ovis aries}
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
4
1
2
4
1
1
2
2
2
6
3
8
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
2
0/400
0/1264.0
0/1386.4
0/500/1 000/1 500/2000/2500
0/1000/2000
0/0.5/1.0/1.5/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5
0/0.05/0.10/0.20/0.40/0.80
0/218/624/830
0/66.2/105.7/164.8
0/23.2/234/2514
0/113.3/229.8/297.4
0/104.3/227.5/323.6
0/76.8/178.2/326.7
0/0.2/0.5
0/30
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
g/kg diet
% in diet
mg/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/g diet
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
U
M
M
U
U
U
U
M
M
U
M
M
M
U
U
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
120
4
5
3
10
6
42
2
144
13
144
144
144
14
42
d
w
w
d
w
w
d
w
d
w
d
d
d
d
d
40
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
23
>1
5
10-12
10-12
>1
NR
NR
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
mo
d
yr
w
w
w
yr
NR
NR
JV
LC
LC
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
AD
JV
JV
JV
AD
LC
JV
F
F
F
M
F
NR
NR
B
M
M
M
F
F
F
M
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
COM
COM
COM
DOM
COM
NR
COM
COM
NR
COM
NR
NR
NR
COM
LAB
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
BEH
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FOB
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FDNG
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
FCNS
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
400
1264
1386.4
1500
1000
1
0.2
830
164.8
234
297.4
323.6
326.7
0.5
30
2000
2000
1.5
0.4
2514
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
0.2779
623.2
626.2
44.7
575
45.3
77.51894
7.82
1.18
0.43
1.02
0.583
0.596
0.252
0.253
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.0201
15.1
15
1.04
22
1.75
1.84
0.34
0.233
0.0236
0.269
0.19
0.175
0.0237
0.0142
28.9
30.6
33.2
34.9
38.3
38.6
47.5
106
165
234
297
324
327
470
1684
46.5
76.5
57.9
94.9
2514
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
5
5
5
5
10
10
5
10
10
10
5
5
5
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
10
10
10
10
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
10
1
1
10
10
10
10
1
10
10
8
6
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
6
10
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
69
70
70
80
80
75
80
70
79
76
77
75
75
69
74
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Appendix 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 2 of 5
Ref
Result #
57
58
Z;
1
21011
36302
1
1
Subramanian et al, 2000
Brzoska et al, 2001
Exposure
Chemical Form
Zinc oxide
Zinc chloride
SS
fe
100
100
1
1
5»
H
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Phase #
1
1
# of Cone/ Doses
2
2
1
o
Q
1
o
O
0/400
0/8.0
Cone/Dose Units
mg/kg diet
mg/org/d
Wet Weight Reported?
N
N
Percent Moisture
na
na
Application Frequency
ADL
ADL
Method of Analyses
U
U
Route of Exposure
FD
DR
Exposure Duration
6
12
Duration Units
w
w
&
if.
NR
2
Age Units
NR
mo
Lifestage
JV
JV
x
»
M
M
Effects
Control Type
C
C
o
H
LAB
COM
General Effect Group
BEH
BEH
Effect Type
FOB
FOB
Effect Measure
FCNS
WCON
Response Site
WO
WO
J
H
|
^1
i
s
Study LOAEL
400
8
Conversion to mg/kg bw/day
Body Weight Reported?
Y
Y
Body Weight in kg
0.198
0.2
Ingestion Rate Reported?
Y
Y
Ingestion Rate in kg or L/day
0.01395
0.0335
Result
NOAELDose (mg/kg/day)
LOAEL Dose (mg/kg/day)
28.2
40
Data Evaluation Score
Data Source
10
10
Dose Route
10
5
Test Concentrations
5
5
Chemical form
5
10
Dose Quantification
7
7
Endpoint
4
4
BJD
C
3
1
n
4
4
Statistical Power
10
10
Exposure Duration
10
10
Test Conditions
4
10
3
o
H
69
75
Physiology
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
14535
47892
47892
14525
42234
43680
43680
40997
43680
39780
14526
Ottetal, 1966
Gaynoretal, 1988
Gaynoretal, 1988
Brink etal, 1959
Schell andKornegay, 1996
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Urabe and Hayakawa, 1990
Malta etal, 1981
Mutafova-Yamolieva, et al, 1993
Cox and Hale, 1962
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc chloride
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc Sulfate
Zinc oxide
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Sheep (Ovis aries)
Cattle (Bos taunts}
Cattle (Bos taurus }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
4
1
1
8
2
2
6
4
4
4
2
4
2
3
0/0.5/1.0/1.5/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5
0/1264.0
0/1386.4
0/0.05/0.10/0.20/0.40/0.80
0/218/624/830
0/42.7/458/4927
0/46.4/479/4878
0/30
0/23.2/234/2514
0/100
0/0.2/0.4
g/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
% in diet
mg/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/g diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
U
M
M
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
6
4
5
42
2
13
13
42
13
30
69
w
w
w
d
w
w
w
d
w
d
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
23
5
5
NR
5
NR
NR
NR
mo
NR
NR
d
w
w
NR
w
NR
NR
JV
LC
LC
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
NR
F
F
NR
F
M
F
M
M
M
NR
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
NR
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
COM
COM
COM
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
PHY
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
FDCV
GPHY
FDCV
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
VD
wo
0.5
1264
1386.4
0.1
830
458
479
30
2514
1
0.2
4927
4878
100
0.4
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
45.3
623.2
626.2
47.99915
7.82
0.0453
0.0327
0.253
0.371
0.1
59.10309
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
1.8
15.1
15
2.09
0.34
0.006
0.00416
0.0142
0.0213
0.0124634
1.98
19.9
30.6
33.2
38.3
106
458
479
1684
2514
39.7
76.7
4927
4878
100
134
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
5
10
10
5
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
10
7
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
10
4
4
10
4
6
6
4
4
4
4
10
1
1
10
1
10
10
10
3
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
6
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
75
70
70
80
70
72
76
74
67
72
66
Pathology
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
45143
14537
21067
36302
43680
43680
43680
43680
14656
40997
113
14524
14527
149
37010
42635
13236
Hill et. al., 1983
Ottetal., 1966
Reeves and Newman, 1997
Brzoska e al, 2001
Malta eta, 1981
Malta eta, 1981
Malta eta, 1981
Malta eta, 1981
O'Neil-Cutting et al, 1981
Urabe and Hayakawa, 1990
Seidenberg et al 1986
Augey, etal, 1977
Davies, etal, 1977
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Yamaguchi etal, 1982
Ferguson and Leaver, 1972
Rana et. al, 1985
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc acetate
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
47.98
100
100
100
100
100
100
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Sheep (Ovis aries)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Sheep (Ovis aries)
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
1
1
1
1
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
8
2
2
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
0/500/5000
0/0.5/1.0/1.5/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5
0/350
0/8.0
0/23.2/234/2514
0/24.5/243/2486
0/42.7/458/4927
0/46.4/479/4878
0/0.75
0/30
0/150
0/0.5
0/2065
0/3000
0/100/1000
0/2040
0/5.0
mg/kg diet
g/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/org/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/g diet
mg/kg/d
g/L
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
g/kg bw/d
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
3 per d
ADL
DLY
ADL
DLY
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
M
U
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
DR
FD
FD
OR
FD
GV
12
7
7
12
13
13
13
13
18
42
4
12
26
10
30
10
30
mo
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
d
mo
d
w
d
w
d
7-8
NR
3
2
5
5
5
5
NR
NR
NR
1.5-2
1
NR
3
21-28
90
mo
NR
w
mo
w
w
w
w
NR
NR
NR
mo
w
NR
w
d
d
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
F
M
M
M
M
F
M
F
M
M
F
B
M
M
M
B
M
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
COM
NR
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
LAB
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
PTH
ORW
ORW
HIS
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
ORW
GRS
HIS
ORW
HIS
ORW
HIS
ORW
SMTX
ORWT
USTR
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
ORWT
BDWT
USTR
ORWT
GLSN
ORWT
USTR
SMTX
LI
LI
IN
TB
BR
LI
BR
BR
LI
LI
WO
PS
KI
HE
FM
HM
LI
500
0.5
350
8
234
243
458
479
0.75
30
5000
1
2514
2486
4927
4878
150
0.5
2065
3000
100
2040
5
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
167
48.3
0.267
0.2
0.43
0.255
0.0453
0.0446
0.438
0.253
0.037
0.031
34
61.3
0.071
0.235
0.1
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
2.75
1.8
0.0232033
0.0335
0.0236
0.0156
0.006
0.0052
0.034853
0.0142
0.0045711
0.0043437
1.246902
2.02418
0.0078107
0.0208917
0.0103504
8.23
18.6
30.4
40
234
243
458
479
597
1684
82.3
37.3
2514
2486
4927
4878
8.89
70.1
75.7
99.1
100
181
5000
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
5
10
10
8
10
8
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
10
5
5
10
10
5
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
10
6
5
6
10
5
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
8
10
4
4
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
10
10
1
10
10
10
10
10
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
7
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
73
75
66
75
76
76
76
76
71
71
80
68
77
73
75
77
75
Reproduction
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
45143
113
36854
37008
42289
21134
14685
21069
14660
42289
42292
42289
21138
21139
35659
823
139
25
37837
43680
42767
43680
43680
21045
43680
Hill et. al., 1983
Seidenberg etal 1986
Alaometal, 1985
Cerklewski, 1979
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Khera and Shah, 1979
Miller etal., 1989
Amemiyaetal, 1986
Evensonetal, 1993
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1974
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Shraderetal, 1978
Hirsch and Hurley, 1978
Hill etal, 1983
Webster, 1979
Anderson et al., 1993
Schhcker and Cox, 1968
Ketcheson etal, 1969
Malta etal, 1981
ChuandCox, 1970
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Bui, etal, 1998
Malta etal, 1981
Zinc oxide
Zinc chloride
Zinc acetate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc acetate
Zinc sulfate
zinc (unspecified)
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc (unspecified)
Zinc carbonate
Zinc oxide
Zinc chloride
Zinc chloride
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
100
47.98
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Cattle (Bos taurus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
i
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
i
4
1
2
i
i
3
3
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
4
5
4
2
2
3
4
2
2
3
4
2
4
4
2
4
0/500/5000
0/150
0/150
0/120
0/6.5/30.0
0/34
0/1000/2000
0/1000
0/500
0/2.0/9.1/42.5
0/0.6/2.8/13.0/60.0
0/4.1/19.0/88.0
0/1000
0/1000
0/500/5000
0/200/400/800
0/110.2
0/0.2
0/0.2/0.5
0/23.2/234/2514
0/0.4
0/42.7/458/4927
0/46.4/479/4878
0/0.09746
0/24.5/243/2486
mg/kg diet
mg/kg/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
ug/g
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
% in diet
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/g bw
mg/kg bw/d
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
DLY
DLY
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
FD
GV
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
GV
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
12
4
5
37
10
4
14
21
8
10
13
5
21
12
20
19
13
36
14
13
21
13
13
7
13
mo
d
w
d
d
d
w
d
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
d
w
d
d
w
d
w
w
d
w
7-8
NR
NR
105
NR
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
4
12
NR
NR
5
NR
5
5
NR
5
mo
NR
NR
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
mo
w
NR
NR
w
NR
w
w
NR
w
GE
GE
JV
LC
GE
GE
LC
GE
JV
GE
GE
GE
GE
GE
LC
GE
JV
GE
LC
JV
LC
JV
JV
GE
JV
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
M
F
F
M
F
M
F
F
F
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
V
C
COM
LAB
COM
LAB
DOM
COM
COM
COM
COM
DOM
DOM
DOM
LAB
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
ODVP
PRWT
ORWT
PRWT
PRFM
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
TEWT
PRFM
PRFM
PRFM
PRWT
PRWT
RHIS
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
ORWT
GREP
ORWT
ORWT
PRWT
ORWT
WO
NR
TE
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
TE
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
TE
WO
TE
OV
WO
OV
500
150
150
120
30
34
1000
1000
500
42.5
60
88
1000
1000
5000
800
110.2
0.2
0.2
234
0.4
458
479
0.9746
2486
5000
2000
0.5
2514
4927
4878
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
167
0.037
0.126
0.3742
0.0415
0.275
580
0.34
0.319
0.269
3.21
0.1131
0.225
0.225
140.6
0.032
0.000042
0.338
0.262
0.43
0.268
0.0453
0.0446
0.2562
0.231
Y
N
Y
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
2.75
0.0045711
0.0081
0.045
0.0050233
0.0237732
22
0.014
0.0268579
0.023346
0.1791859
0.0114526
0.0201582
0.0201582
2.75
0.0040569
0.0000191
0.0281661
0.0237
0.0236
0.0232747
0.006
0.0052
0.0224289
0.0149
8.23
8.89
9.64
14.4
30.0
34.0
37.9
41.2
42.1
42.5
60.0
88.0
89.6
89.6
97.8
101
110
167
181
234
347
458
479
975
2486
82.3
75.9
452
2514
4927
4878
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
10
10
8
10
10
10
10
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
10
5
10
5
5
10
5
5
5
5
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
5
10
5
10
10
5
10
4
10
10
10
10
4
10
5
10
10
5
5
10
5
10
10
4
10
7
10
7
7
10
10
7
7
6
10
10
10
6
6
6
6
10
5
7
7
6
7
7
10
7
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
4
4
4
4
4
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
10
6
4
6
6
4
4
10
6
6
10
1
1
10
10
1
1
1
1
10
6
6
10
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
79
82
71
80
77
69
86
74
70
77
77
77
73
75
70
79
74
73
81
82
74
82
82
80
71
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Appendix 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 3 of 5
Ref
Result #
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
Z;
1
43587
21042
48540
14664
42670
42838
25
1
1
Kumar, 1976
Baroneetal, 1998
Newman et al, 2002
Pal and Pal, 1987
ChuandCox, 1972
Coxetal, 1969
Schlicker and Cox, 1968
Exposure
Chemical Form
Zinc sulfate
Zinc
Zinc acetate dihydrate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
SS
fe
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1
1
5»
H
Rat (Rattus norvegicus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus'')
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Phase #
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
# of Cone/ Doses
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
o
Q
1
o
O
0/150
0/1000
0/232
0/4000
0/0.4
0/0.4
0/0.4
Cone/Dose Units
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
% in diet
% in diet
% in diet
Wet Weight Reported?
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Percent Moisture
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Application Frequency
NR
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
Method of Analyses
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
Route of Exposure
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
Exposure Duration
17
10
16
18
14
22
18
Duration Units
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
&
if.
100
NR
NR
120-13C
NR
NR
NR
Age Units
d
NR
NR
d
NR
NR
NR
Lifestage
GE
GE
GE
GE
LC
GE
GE
x
»
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
Effects
Control Type
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
o
H
COM
LAB
COM
COM
DOM
COM
COM
General Effect Group
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
Effect Type
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
REP
Effect Measure
RSEM
PROG
PROG
GREP
PRWT
PRWT
PRWT
Response Site
WO
WO
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
J
H
1
^1
i
s
Study LOAEL
150
1000
232
4000
0.4
0.4
0.4
Conversion to mg/kg bw/day
Body Weight Reported?
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
Body Weight in kg
0.3846
0.3945
0.229
0.3846
0.3846
0.245
0.0872
Ingestion Rate Reported?
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Ingestion Rate in kg or L/day
0.0313209
0.0319821
0.0204523
0.0313209
0.0313209
0.0216198
0.0092483
Result
NOAELDose (mg/kg/day)
LOAEL Dose (mg/kg/day)
12.2
81.1
232
326
326
353
424
Data Evaluation Score
Data Source
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Dose Route
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Test Concentrations
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Chemical form
10
4
5
10
4
5
5
Dose Quantification
5
6
10
5
5
6
6
Endpoint
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
BJD
C
3
1
n
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Statistical Power
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Exposure Duration
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Test Conditions
4
4
7
4
4
4
4
3
o
H
78
73
81
78
72
74
74
Growth
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
36003
25973
25973
36854
45143
41855
43242
37008
38623
2627
39821
21084
2033
46830
42289
21067
47892
47892
21134
14660
42289
14525
14685
37015
42292
42289
21045
149
42234
42234
139
43680
40436
2203
43680
37837
43680
14656
39356
39356
39356
36374
40997
43680
638
47007
21011
14527
21042
14376
Atria, etal, 1987
Huerta et al, 2002
Huerta et al, 2002
Alaometal, 1985
Hill et. al., 1983
Weigarnd and Kirchgessner, 1978
Eisem arm etal, 1979
Cerklewski, 1979
Elliot and Walker, 1968
Cerklewski and Forbes, 1976
Wapnir and Lee, 1993
Agarwaletal, 1986
Brandt, 1983
Shankaretal, 1986
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Reeves and Newman, 1997
Gaynoretal, 1988
Gaynoretal, 1988
Khera and Shah, 1979
Evenson etal, 1993
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Brink etal, 1959
Miller etal., 1989
Reeves etal, 1994
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1974
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Bui, etal, 1998
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Schell and Kornegay, 1996
Schell and Kornegay, 1996
Anderson et al., 1993
Malta etal, 1981
Bentley and Grubb, 1991
Llewellyn et al, 1985
Malta etal, 1981
Ketcheson etal, 1969
Malta etal, 1981
ONeil-Cutting et al, 1981
Zhang etal, 1995
Zhang etal, 1995
Zhang etal, 1995
Pettersen, et al, 2002
Urabe and Hayakawa, 1990
Malta etal, 1981
Nakamura et al., 1983
Rosa etal, 1986
Subramanian et al, 2000
Davies, etal, 1977
Barone et al, 1998
Hsu etal, 1975
Zinc Oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc methionine
Zinc acetate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc chloride
Zinc acetate
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc methionine
Zinc chloride
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
zinc acetate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc
Zinc oxide
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
40.5
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis}
Cattle (Bos taurus}
Cattle (Bos taurus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mink (Mustela vison }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Cattle (Bos taurus}
Cattle (Bos taurus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Cattle (Bos taurus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus }
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus}
Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus}
Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Sheep (Ovis aries}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Sheep (Ovis aries}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
1
1
2
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
2
i
i
i
i
2
3
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
2
2
2
3
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
4
6
3
2
5
4
2
2
4
4
2
4
3
2
4
3
4
2
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
0/460.28/527.70/1072.50/1129.26
0/200
0/200
0/150
0/500/5000
0/444/789/1701
0/581
0/120
0/478
0/200
0/0.44
0/200
0/171/330
0/400
0/6.5/30.0
0/350
0/1264.0
0/1386.4
0/34
0/500
0/2.0/9.1/42.5
0/0.05/0.10/0.20/0.40/0.80
0/1000/2000
0/56
0/0.6/2.8/13.0/60.0
0/4.1/19.0/88.0
0/0.09746
0/3000
0/236/572/762
0/218/624/830
0/110.2
0/23.2/234/2514
0/1000/5000
0/3000
0/42.7/458/4927
0/0.2/0.5
0/46.4/479/4878
0/0.75
0/6010
0/6075
0/6135
0/10/20
0/30
0/24.5/243/2486
0/200
0/1000
0/400
0/2065
0/1000
0/4000
mg/org/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
ug/org/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
g/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/g bw
mg/kg diet
mg/d
mg/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
ug/g
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
g/kg diet
mg/g diet
mg/kg bw/d
ug/g
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
DLY
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
ADL
3 per d
ADL
ADL
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
GV
GV
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
90
50
50
5
8
12
16
37
4
7
3
14
4
120
10
7
4
5
4
8
10
42
14
2
12
5
7
10
2
23
13
13
22
18
13
14
13
18
10
10
10
3
42
13
11
56
6
26
10
13
d
d
d
w
mo
d
w
d
w
w
w
d
mo
d
d
w
w
w
d
w
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
d
w
w
d
d
d
w
d
w
w
d
w
d
d
w
7-9
18
18
NR
7-8
NR
6-8
105
NR
NR
NR
9-10
90
40
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
3
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
23
23
12
5
NR
NR
5
NR
5
NR
8
8
8
4
NR
5
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
4
mo
mo
mo
NR
mo
NR
w
d
NR
NR
NR
w
d
d
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
d
d
w
w
NR
NR
w
NR
w
NR
w
w
w
w
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
w
JV
JV
JV
JV
GE
JV
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
GE
JV
LC
LC
GE
JV
GE
JV
LC
JV
GE
GE
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
JV
GE
JV
M
F
F
M
F
M
B
F
B
M
M
M
M
F
F
M
F
F
F
F
F
NR
F
M
F
F
F
M
B
B
M
M
B
M
M
F
F
M
F
F
F
B
M
F
F
M
M
M
F
NR
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
V
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
DOM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
COM
LAB
COM
LAB
NR
COM
DOM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
DOM
COM
COM
COM
DOM
DOM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
COM
COM
LAB
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
COM
LAB
DOM
LAB
COM
LAB
DOM
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
GGRO
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
1129.3
200
200
150
500
1701
581
120
478
200
0.44
200
330
400
30
350
1264
1386.4
34
500
42.5
0.1
2000
56
60
88
0.0975
3000
762
830
110.2
234
5000
3000
458
0.5
479
0.75
6010
6075
6135
10
30
2486
5000
0.2
2514
4927
4878
20
200
1000
400
2065
1000
4000
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
261
379
379
0.126
134
0.145
91
0.3742
84
0.23
0.25
0.216
1.9
0.2779
0.0415
0.267
623.2
626.2
0.275
0.319
0.269
47.99915
565
0.1728
3.21
0.1131
0.2562
61.3
7.4
7.82
0.000042
0.43
3
0.134
0.0453
0.252
0.0446
0.438
0.0205
0.019
0.02
0.017
0.253
0.231
0.1838
74.4
0.198
34
0.3945
64.92
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
Y
6.659402
9.048949
9.048949
0.0081
2.75
0.0140476
2.11
0.045
2.622493
0.018
0.0219818
0.019493
0.1164373
0.0201
0.0050233
0.0232033
15.1
15
0.0237732
0.0268579
0.023346
2.09
18
0.0162262
0.1791859
0.0114526
0.0224289
2.02418
0.26
0.34
0.0000191
0.0236
0.1694925
0.0131655
0.006
0.0237
0.00416
0.034853
0.0028133
0.002643
0.0027568
0.002412
0.0142
0.0149
0.008
1.2
0.01395
1.246902
0.0319821
1.446
4.33
4.78
4.78
9.64
10.3
11.7
13.5
14.4
14.9
15.7
15.7
18.0
20.2
28.9
30.0
30.4
30.6
33.2
34
42.1
42.5
43.5
63.7
56
60.0
88.0
97.5
99.1
103
106
110
234
282
295
458
470
479
597
825
845
846
1419
1684
2486
103
87.1
2514
4927
4878
2838
8.71
16.1
28.2
75.7
81.1
89.1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
10
10
10
10
10
8
10
10
10
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
10
5
10
10
5
5
10
5
5
5
10
10
10
5
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
5
5
10
10
5
5
10
5
10
10
10
10
5
10
5
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
10
4
10
10
4
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
5
10
5
10
10
10
5
10
5
10
4
5
6
6
6
7
7
6
7
7
6
7
6
6
6
7
10
5
7
7
10
6
10
7
7
10
10
10
10
6
7
7
10
7
6
5
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
5
6
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
4
8
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
6
4
6
4
4
4
4
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
6
10
1
1
10
1
1
1
10
10
10
1
10
1
1
1
1
1
10
1
10
1
1
1
6
1
1
10
10
1
1
10
10
10
10
1
1
1
10
10
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
3
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
7
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
69
68
68
69
77
68
69
78
68
69
68
72
82
73
75
79
74
74
67
68
75
84
69
75
75
75
69
73
69
74
81
80
68
67
80
73
80
77
68
73
68
83
78
69
73
71
73
81
71
73
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Appendix 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 4 of 5
Ref
Result #
169
170
171
172
Surviva
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
Z;
1
25
38015
42961
43264
1
1
Schlicker and Cox, 1968
Settlemire and Matrone, 1967
Ogiso, et al., 1974
Scott and Magee, 1979
Exposure
Chemical Form
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
SS
fe
100
100
100
100
1
1
5»
H
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus'')
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Phase #
1
1
1
1
# of Cone/ Doses
2
2
2
2
1
o
Q
1
o
O
0/0.4
0/0.75
0/1
0/0.75
Cone/Dose Units
% in diet
% in diet
% in diet
% in diet
Wet Weight Reported?
N
N
N
N
Percent Moisture
na
na
na
na
Application Frequency
NR
NR
ADL
ADL
Method of Analyses
U
U
U
U
Route of Exposure
FD
FD
FD
FD
Exposure Duration
18
5
15
1
Duration Units
d
w
d
w
&
if.
NR
4-6
NR
NR
Age Units
NR
w
NR
NR
Lifestage
GE
JV
JV
JV
x
»
F
M
M
M
Effects
Control Type
C
C
C
C
o
H
COM
LAB
COM
COM
General Effect Group
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
Effect Type
GRO
GRO
GRO
GRO
Effect Measure
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
BDWT
Response Site
WO
WO
wo
wo
J
H
|
^1
i
s
Study LOAEL
0.4
0.75
1
0.75
Conversion to mg/kg bw/day
Body Weight Reported?
Y
N
Y
Y
Body Weight in kg
0.0872
0.235
0.1558
0.029
Ingestion Rate Reported?
N
N
N
N
Ingestion Rate in kg or L/day
0.0092483
0.0208917
0.0149021
0.0037415
Result
NOAELDose (mg/kg/day)
LOAEL Dose (mg/kg/day)
424
667
956
968
Data Evaluation Score
Data Source
10
10
10
10
Dose Route
10
10
10
10
Test Concentrations
5
5
5
5
Chemical form
5
10
10
10
Dose Quantification
6
5
6
6
Endpoint
8
8
8
8
BJD
C
3
1
n
4
4
4
4
Statistical Power
10
10
10
10
Exposure Duration
6
10
10
10
Test Conditions
4
4
4
4
3
o
H
68
76
77
77
113
21171
42289
42289
14525
42292
14535
14385
42289
46274
46274
46274
46274
43680
43680
43680
43680
149
Seidenberg et al 1986
Van der Schee et al, 1980
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Brink etal, 1959
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1974
Ott etal, 1966
Willoughby et al, 1972
Food and Drug Res. Lab, 1973
Aulenchetal, 1991
Aulenchetal, 1991
Aulenchetal, 1991
Aulenchetal, 1991
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Van Vleet et al, 1981
Zinc chloride
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinz sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate
47.98
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Sheep (Ovis aries)
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus )
Sheep (Ovis aries)
Horse (Equus caballus)
Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mink (Mustela vison )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
2
4
2
3
4
1
1
2
3
3
4
6
5
8
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
0/150
0/223/409
0/6.5/30.0
0/2.0/9.1/42.5
0/0.05/0.10/0.20/0.40/0.80
0/0.6/2.8/13.0/60.0
0/0.5/1.0/1.5/2.0/2.5/3.0/3.5
0/5400
0/4.1/19.0/88.0
0/66.2/105.7/164.8
0/113.3/229.8/297.4
0/104.3/227.5/323.6
0/76.8/178.2/326.7
0/42.7/458/4927
0/24.5/243/2486
0/23.2/234/2514
0/46.4/479/4878
0/3000
mg/kg/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
% in diet
mg/kg bw/d
g/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
DLY
ADL
DLY
DLY
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
DLY
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
M
M
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
GV
FD
GV
GV
FD
GV
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
4
98
10
10
42
13
6
9
5
144
144
144
114
13
13
13
13
10
d
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
w
w
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
3-4
NR
>1
10-12
10-12
>1
5
5
5
5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
NR
yr
w
w
yr
w
w
w
w
NR
GE
JV
GE
GE
JV
GE
JV
JV
GE
AD
JV
JV
AD
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
F
M
F
F
NR
F
NR
F
F
M
M
F
F
M
F
M
F
M
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
LAB
COM
DOM
DOM
COM
DOM
NR
COM
DOM
NR
NR
NR
NR
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MOR
MORT
MORT
SURV
SURV
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
SURV
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
MORT
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
150
409
30
42.5
0.1
60
2.5
5400
88
164.8
297.4
323.6
326.7
458
2486
2514
4878
0.2
3
4927
3000
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0.037
34
0.0415
0.269
47.99915
3.21
40.7
181.44
0.1131
1.18
1.02
0.583
0.596
0.0453
0.231
0.371
0.0327
61.3
N
Y
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
0.0045711
1
0.0050233
0.023346
2.09
0.1791859
1.35
2.81232
0.0114526
0.233
0.269
0.0440896
0.175
0.006
0.0149
0.0213
0.0036
2.02418
8.89
12.0
30.0
42.5
43.5
60.0
82.9
83.7
88.0
165
297
324
327
458
2486
2514
4878
87.1
99.5
4927
99.1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
10
8
8
10
8
10
10
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
6
10
10
7
10
7
6
10
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
4
4
4
4
10
4
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
10
10
1
1
10
1
10
10
1
10
10
10
10
10
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
6
10
10
6
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
85
83
76
76
85
76
80
78
76
80
84
84
80
81
70
79
79
78
Data Not Used to Derive TRV
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
36003
21006
21006
21006
43230
36854
36854
36854
36897
43242
43242
43242
14533
14533
14532
2627
2627
39821
47007
21071
21084
21084
21084
3733
3733
48541
668
14532
14532
21069
21069
21069
10493
10493
Attia, etal, 1987
Sinha, etal, 1989
Sinha, etal, 1989
Sinha, etal, 1989
Caster and Doster, 1979
Alaometal, 1985
Alaometal, 1985
Alaometal, 1985
Karouani et al, 1985
Eisem arm etal, 1979
Eisem arm etal, 1979
Eisem arm etal, 1979
Miller etal., 1970
Miller etal., 1970
Miller etal, 1965
Cerklewski and Forbes, 1976
Cerklewski and Forbes, 1976
Wapnir and Lee, 1993
Rosa etal, 1986
Coppen and Davies, 1987
Agarwaletal, 1986
Agarwaletal, 1986
Agarwaletal, 1986
Bams etal 1969
Bams etal 1969
Dhawanetal, 1992
Bonner etal 1980
Miller etal, 1965
Miller etal, 1965
Amemiyaetal, 1986
Amemiyaetal, 1986
Amemiyaetal, 1986
Bunn and Matrone, 1 966
Bunn and Matrone, 1 966
Zinc Oxide
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc carbonate
Zinc acetate
Zinc acetate
Zinc acetate
Zinc acetate
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc carbonate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc carbonate
Zinc
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
ZnO
ZnO
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
zinc (unspecified)
zinc (unspecified)
zinc (unspecified)
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
40.5
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Pig (Sus scrofa )
Cattle (Bostaurus}
Cattle (Bos taurus }
Cattle (Bos taurus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Sheep (Ovis aries}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus )
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Cattle (Bostaurus)
Cattle (Bostaurus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Mouse (Mus musculus )
Mouse (Mus musculus )
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
4
4
2
2
2
3
3
0/460.28/527.70/1072.50/1129.26
0/500/1000
0/500/1000
0/500/1000
0/100
0/150
0/150
0/150
0/150
0/581
0/581
0/581
0/200/600
0/600
0/5.1/9.4/17.3
0/200
0/200
0/0.44
0/1000
0/160
0/200
0/200
0/200
0/200
0/200
0/227
0/300
0/5.1/9.4/17.3
0/5.1/9.4/17.3
0/1000
0/1000
0/1000
0/200/400
0/200/400
mg/org/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
g/org/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
g/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/L
mg/kg diet
g/org/d
g/org/d
ug/g
ug/g
ug/g
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
ADL
NR
NR
NR
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
90
6
6
6
27
5
5
5
5
12
16
16
7
7
6
7
7
3
56
14
14
14
14
3
3
6
48
6
6
21
21
21
5
5
d
w
w
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
d
w
w
w
w
d
d
d
d
d
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
d
d
w
w
6-9
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
6-8
6-8
6-8
113
113
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
9-10
9-10
9-10
5
5
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
mo
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
w
w
d
d
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
w
w
w
w
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
LC
JV
JV
JV
SM
JV
SM
SM
SM
JV
JV
JV
JV
LC
LC
GE
GE
GE
JV
JV
F
B
B
B
M
M
M
M
M
B
B
B
M
M
F
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
NR
NR
M
M
F
F
F
F
F
M
M
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
DOM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
LAB
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
COM
DOM
LAB
LAB
LAB
LAB
NR
NR
COM
NR
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
LAB
BIO
GRO
REP
BEH
BIO
PTH
BEH
PHY
GRO
BIO
BEH
PHY
BEH
BEH
GRO
BIO
BEH
BIO
BEH
GRO
REP
PTH
BIO
GRO
BIO
BIO
GRO
BIO
BEH
GRO
BIO
BEH
BIO
GRO
CHM
GRO
REP
FOB
CHM
ORW
FOB
PHY
GRO
CHM
FOB
PHY
FOB
FOB
GRO
ENZ
FOB
CHM
FOB
GRO
REP
ORW
ENZ
GRO
CHM
ENZ
GRO
ENZ
FOB
GRO
CHM
FOB
CHM
GRO
CALC
BDWT
ORWT
FCNS
CHOL
ORWT
FCNS
FDCV
BDWT
CHOL
FCNS
FDCV
FCNS
FCNS
BDWT
ALAD
FCNS
GBCM
FCNS
BDWT
TEWT
ORWT
LADH
BDWT
HMGL
ALPH
BDWT
ALPH
FCNS
BDWT
CALC
FCNS
HMGL
BDWT
SR
wo
ov
wo
PL
LI
wo
wo
wo
LI
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
KI
wo
LI
wo
wo
TE
LI
TE
WO
BL
LI
WO
SR
WO
WO
PL
WO
BL
WO
1129.3
1000
1000
1000
100
150
150
150
150
581
581
581
600
600
17.3
200
200
0.44
1000
160
200
200
200
200
200
227
300
17.3
17.3
1000
1000
1000
400
400
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
261
0.156
0.156
0.156
0.235
0.126
0.126
0.126
0.267
91
91
91
110
110
1142.4
0.23
0.23
0.25
74.4
0.1
0.216
0.216
0.216
0.1228
0.1228
0.18
0.1
504.8483
504.8483
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.02695
0.02695
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
6.659402
0.00129
0.00129
0.00129
0.0208917
0.0081
0.0081
0.0081
0.0232033
2.11
2.11
2.11
2.51
2.54
5.68
0.018
0.018
0.0219818
1.2
0.0103504
0.019493
0.019493
0.019493
0.012254
0.012254
0.0211534
0.0103504
5.68
5.68
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.0035227
0.0035227
4.33
8.27
8.27
8.27
8.89
9.64
9.64
9.64
13.0
13.5
13.5
13.5
13.7
13.9
15.1
15.7
15.7
15.7
16.1
16.6
18.0
18.0
18.0
20.0
20.0
26.7
31.1
34.3
34.3
41.2
41.2
41.2
52.3
52.3
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
10
10
10
10
4
5
5
5
5
5
10
4
5
5
4
4
4
5
5
6
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
5
6
1
8
10
4
1
4
4
4
8
1
4
4
4
4
8
1
4
1
4
8
10
4
1
8
1
1
8
1
4
8
1
4
1
8
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
6
6
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
6
1
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
3
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
62
63
65
65
60
65
65
65
62
62
65
65
60
65
64
62
65
63
58
62
65
59
56
65
58
61
62
57
60
63
63
59
55
63
Eco-SSLfor Zinc
June 2007
-------
Appendix 6.1 Mammalian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV)
Zinc
Page 5 of 5
Ref
Result #
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
Z;
1
14524
14524
14685
14536
34167
14385
14376
38511
45270
42234
42234
14526
14526
14526
45142
42838
14662
14662
21045
43680
43680
43680
43680
21006
45042
21131
39430
668
21042
42767
42838
1
1
Augey, etal, 1977
Augey, etal, 1977
Miller etal., 1989
Ottetal., 1966
Elsenhans et al, 1993
Willoughby et al, 1972
Hsu etal, 1975
Katouli, et al, 1999
Hill and Miller, 1983
Schell and Kornegay, 1996
Schell and Kornegay, 1996
Cox and Hale, 1962
Cox and Hale, 1962
Cox and Hale, 1962
Hill etal, 1983
Cox etal, 1969
Ansari et al, 1976
Ansari et al, 1976
Bui, etal, 1998
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Malta etal, 1981
Sinha, etal, 1989
Katya-Katyaetal., 1984
Perry etal, 1980
Reeves, 1995
Bonner etal 1980
Barone et al, 1998
ChuandCox, 1970
Cox etal, 1969
Exposure
Chemical Form
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc sulfate
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
Zinc
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
Zinc
Zinc acetate
Zinc acetate
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxide
SS
fe
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
1
1
5»
H
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Cattle (Bos taurus }
Cattle (Bos taunts}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus }
Horse (Equus caballus}
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Pig (Sus scrofa }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Mouse (Mus musculus }
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Rat (Rattus norvegicus}
Phase #
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
2
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
# of Cone/ Doses
2
2
3
4
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
8
8
2
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
o
Q
1
o
O
0/0.5
0/0.5
0/1000/2000
0/1.1/2.1/3.1
0/1000
0/5400
0/4000
0/2500
0/500/5000
0/236/572/762
0/236/572/762
0/0.2/0.4
0/0.2/0.4
0/0.2/0.4
0/500/5000
0/0.4
0/1 200/2400/3600/4800/6000/720
0/1 200/2400/3600/4800/6000/720
0/0.09746
0/24.5/243/2486
0/24.5/243/2486
0/46.4/479/4878
0/42.7/458/4927
0/500/1000
0/200
0/200
0/350
0/300
0/1000
0/0.4
0/0.4
Cone/Dose Units
g/L
g/L
mg/kg diet
g/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/d
mg/d
% in diet
% in diet
% in diet
mg/kg diet
% in diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/g bw
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg bw/d
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/L
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
mg/kg diet
% in diet
% in diet
Wet Weight Reported?
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Percent Moisture
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Application Frequency
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
ADL
NR
ADL
ADL
ADL
Method of Analyses
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
M
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
M
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
Route of Exposure
DR
DR
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
GV
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
DR
FD
FD
FD
FD
FD
Exposure Duration
6
12
14
35
2
9
13
4
20
2
2
69
69
69
3
22
21
21
7
13
13
13
13
3
3
18
5
8
10
21
22
Duration Units
mo
mo
w
d
w
w
w
w
w
w
w
d
d
d
w
d
d
d
d
w
w
w
w
w
mo
mo
d
w
d
d
d
&
if.
1.5-2
1.5-2
NR
NR
NR
3-4
4
35
NR
23
23
NR
NR
NR
7-8
NR
35
35
NR
5
5
5
5
NR
10
NR
8
NR
NR
NR
NR
Age Units
mo
mo
NR
NR
NR
w
w
d
NR
d
d
NR
NR
NR
mo
NR
d
d
NR
w
w
w
w
NR
w
NR
w
NR
NR
NR
NR
Lifestage
JV
JV
LC
JV
NR
JV
JV
JV
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
LC
GE
JV
JV
GE
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
JV
GE
LC
GE
x
»
B
B
F
M
F
B
NR
B
F
B
B
NR
NR
NR
F
F
M
M
F
F
F
F
M
B
M
F
B
M
F
F
F
Effects
Control Type
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
V
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
o
H
LAB
LAB
COM
COM
COM
COM
DOM
DOM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
COM
LAB
COM
COM
NR
LAB
COM
COM
General Effect Group
BIO
GRO
BIO
BIO
GRO
BIO
BEH
GRO
GRO
BEH
PHY
BIO
GRO
BEH
BIO
PTH
GRO
BEH
BIO
BEH
PHY
BEH
BEH
BIO
BIO
PHY
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
BIO
Effect Type
CHM
GRO
CHM
CHM
GRO
CHM
FOB
GRO
GRO
FOB
PHY
CHM
GRO
FOB
CHM
ORW
GRO
FOB
CHM
FOB
PHY
FOB
FOB
ENZ
CHM
PHY
CHM
ENZ
CHM
ENZ
CHM
Effect Measure
GLUC
BDWT
PCLV
HMGL
BDWT
PCLV
FCNS
BDWT
BDWT
FCNS
FDCV
HMGL
BDWT
FCNS
CALC
ORWT
BDWT
FCNS
MCPR
FCNS
FDCV
FCNS
FCNS
ALPH
CHOL
BLPR
GBCM
ALPH
MCPR
GENZ
CALC
Response Site
PL
WO
BL
BL
WO
BL
WO
WO
WO
WO
WO
BL
WO
WO
MK
LI
WO
WO
LI
WO
WO
WO
WO
OV
PL
WO
IN
BO
LI
MK
KI
J
H
|
^1
i
s
0.5
0.5
2000
3.1
1000
5400
4000
2500
5000
762
762
0.4
0.4
0.4
5000
0.4
8400
8400
0.9746
2486
2486
4878
4927
Study LOAEL
500
200
200
350
300
1000
0.4
0.4
Conversion to mg/kg bw/day
Body Weight Reported?
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Body Weight in kg
0.031
0.031
565
270
0.35
181.44
64.92
31.5
140.6
7.4
7.4
59.10309
59.10309
59.10309
100
0.245
0.1893
0.1893
0.2562
0.231
0.231
0.0327
0.0386
0.204
0.462
0.179
0.267
0.1
0.3945
0.268
0.245
Ingestion Rate Reported?
N
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
N
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
Ingestion Rate in kg or L/day
0.0043437
0.0043437
22
6.87
0.0289855
2.81232
1.446
1.17103
2.75
0.26
0.26
1.98
1.98
1.98
2.75
0.0216198
0.019
0.019
0.0224289
0.0149
0.0149
0.0036
0.0054
0.00179
0.036416
0.0210476
0.0232033
0.0103504
0.0319821
0.0232747
0.0216198
Result
NOAELDose (mg/kg/day)
70.1
70.1
77.9
78.9
82.8
83.7
89.1
92.9
97.8
103
103
134
134
134
138
353
843
843
975
2486
2486
4878
4927
LOAEL Dose (mg/kg/day)
4.39
15.8
23.5
30.4
31.1
81.1
347
353
Data Evaluation Score
Data Source
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Dose Route
5
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
5
10
10
10
10
10
Test Concentrations
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
5
5
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Chemical form
10
10
10
5
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
10
10
10
10
4
5
5
4
4
4
5
5
Dose Quantification
6
6
7
6
5
6
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
7
10
7
7
7
7
7
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
Endpoint
1
8
1
1
8
1
4
8
8
4
4
1
8
4
1
4
8
4
1
4
4
4
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
BJD
C
3
1
n
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Statistical Power
1
1
1
1
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Exposure Duration
10
10
10
10
3
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Test Conditions
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
o
H
56
63
62
56
62
61
62
62
64
65
65
57
64
60
57
64
64
60
62
65
65
65
65
65
64
62
63
64
64
65
65
All abbreviations and definitions are used in coding stuides are available from Attachment 4-3 of the Eco-SSL guidance (U.S. EPA 2003).
Duplicate values for NOAELs and LOAELs for the same reference represent results from different experimental designs and are identified by different Phase numbers.
Eco-SSL for Zinc
June 2007
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