Transport Partnership
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SmartWay 2.0.11 Truck Tool
Technical Documentation:
United States Version
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
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Transport Partnership
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SmartWay 2.0.11 Truck Tool
Technical Documentation:
United States Version
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
United States Office ofTransportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection EPA-420-B-12-006
Agency
January 2012
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SmartWay 2.0.11
Truck Tool Technical Documentation
United States Version
1-3-2012
1.0 Overview
This document provides detailed background information on the data sources,
calculation methods, and assumptions used within the new SmartWay Truck
Tool, version 2.0.11. The SmartWay Truck Tool utilizes the most up-to-date
emission factors, in combination with detailed vehicle activity data, to estimate
emissions and associated performance metrics. While the primary purpose of
earlier versions of the truck carrier tool (FLEET) was to help fleets estimate the
likely fuel and emission reduction benefits of specific advanced technologies
(e.g., through the adoption of certified aerodynamic retrofits) relative to a pre-
control baseline, the primary purpose of the new tool is to help fleets calculate
actual pollutant emissions for specific truck types and applications and track their
emissions performance over time. Shippers can, in turn, use the data that truck
carriers report using these tools to develop more advanced emissions inventories
associated with their freight activity and to track their emissions performance
overtime.
The new tool allows the user to evaluate fleet performance in terms of different
mass-based performance metrics for C02, NOx, and PM (PM10 and PM25),
including:1
• Grams per mile
• Grams per average payload ton-mile
• Grams per thousand cubic foot-miles
• Grams per thousand utilized cubic foot-miles
The tool can also generate estimates of emissions associated with the total
miles, loaded miles, and revenue miles traveled by a fleet. Fleet performance
can then be assessed at the truck-class and/or fuel-type level, or on an
aggregated basis across all classes and fuels.
1 At this time the Truck Tool does not calculate performance metrics for specialty fleets that track their
activity in terms of hours of use rather than miles traveled or freight hauled (e.g., refuse haulers and utility
fleets). Future modifications may be made to the current tool to accommodate such fleets.
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The tool also collects extensive information on fleet operations and truck body
types, allowing detailed segmentation of Partner fleets for more appropriate,
equitable comparisons. For example, fleets that cube-out with low payloads
(e.g., those hauling potato chips) will be able to compare themselves to similar
fleets on a simple grams per mile basis, rather than a mix of fleets that includes
fleets that routinely weigh-out. Similarly, fleets that operate in primarily short-
haul, urban environments at relatively low average speeds will have
fundamentally different emission rates and constraints than long-haul fleets
operating at highway speeds. By collecting detailed information on fleet
operations (short vs. long, TL vs. LTL, urban vs. highway, etc), as well as truck
class (2b through 8b) and body type (dry van, reefer, flatbeds, etc.), individual
fleets can compare their performance to other, similar fleets, which can help
them to better manage their emissions performance.
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2.0 Data Inputs and Sources
The SmartWay Truck Tool user provides most vehicle characteristic, operational,
and activity data needed for emissions performance estimation (see Section 3 for
more information). The tool calculates emissions by multiplying fleet activity data
with EPA-approved emission rate factors that are stored in look-up tables within
the tool.
The tool contains different types of emission rate factors for different pollutants.
C02 factors are expressed in grams of C02 per gallon of fuel.2 NOx and PM
factors are expressed in grams of pollutant per mile traveled for operating
emissions, and in grams per hour for idle emissions. In general, C02 factors are
independent of the truck types, classes, and operational practices in a fleet. NOx
and PM factors, however, vary depending upon a number of parameters,
including:
• Truck class
• Engine model year/emission certification standard
• Vehicle speed
• Vehicle driving pattern (referred to as "drive cycle")
In addition, PM emissions will also vary with the application of PM control
retrofits, including diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC), closed crankcase ventilation
(CCV), and diesel particulate filters ("PM traps" or flow-through filters). In the
tool, PM control retrofits are assumed to have the same impact on operating and
idle emission factors.3
2.1 CO2 Factors
EPA populated the SmartWay Tuck Tool with C02 factors that are based on fuel
consumption. These factors and their sources and are summarized below in
Table 1.
2 At this time other greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are not included in
the current Truck Tool.
3 Future versions of the tool may account for differences in retrofit effectiveness for running versus idle
emissions.
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Table 1. CO2 Factors by Fuel Type*
Gasoline
Diesel
Biodiesel (B100)
Ethanol (E100)
CNG
LNG
LPG
g/gal
8,887
10,180
9,460
5,764
7,030
4,394
5,790
Source4
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
* 100% combustion (oxidation) assumed
Note that the tool calculates tailpipe emissions from biofuel blends
(gasoline/ethanol, diesel/biodiesel) by applying separate emission factors to the
user-specified volume of each blend component. The tool then adds the
emissions from each blend component together to determine total C02
emissions. Therefore emission factors for specific blend ratios are not needed
for C02.
Within the tool, users may provide their CNG fuel use estimates in terms of
gasoline-equivalent gallons (on a Btu basis), or in standard cubic feet (scf). If
CNG consumption is expressed in scf, the tool applies a fuel factor expressed in
grams per scf (57.8), based on 983 Btu/scf and 58,819 g C02/mmBtu.5
4 i) Final Rule on Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards and Corporate Average Fuel
Economy Standards (75 FR 25324, May 7, 2010). The gasoline factor used in this rule was sourced from
the California Air Resources Board and is based on measurement of carbon from a gasoline test fuel
(indolene).
ii) Fuel economy calculations in 40 C.F.R 600.113 available at
http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2004/julqtr/pdf/40cfr600.113-93.pdf.
iii) Tables IV.A.3-2 and 3-3 in A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions,
available at http://www.epa.gov/oms/models/anarvsis/biodsl/p02001.pdf
iv) Final Rule on Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases (70 FR 56260, October 30, 2009). Full source
documentation is available on pp. 31-32 in the Technical Support Document, Petroleum Products and
Natural Gas Liquids: Definitions, Emission Factors, Methods and Assumptions, available at
www.epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/downloads09/documents/SubpartMMProductDefinitions.pdf.
v) Calculations of Lifecycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the 2005 Gasoline and Diesel Baselines in the
Notice of Availability of Expert Peer Review Record supporting the proposed revisions to the Renewable
Fuel Standard Program (74 FR 41359) available in Docket EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-0925.1 (Spreadsheet
"Emission Factors").
vi) Assuming 74,720 Btu/gal lower heating value (http://www.afdc.energv.gov/afdc/fuels/properties.html).
and 0.059 g/Btu (from CNG calculation, source vi).
vii) Table C-l in the Final Rule on Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases (70 FR 56260, October 30,
2009). Full source documentation is available in Table A-39 and pg. A-60 of the Inventory of U.S.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 - 2007 available at
http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/do wnloads/US_GHG_Inv_Annexes_1990-2007.pdf
See footnote 4. v.
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2.2 NOx and PM Factors
The SmartWay Truck Tool contains NOx, PM10 and PM25 emission factor outputs
for on-road operation from EPA's MOVES2010a model for gasoline, diesel, and
E10 for all heavy truck classes (2b - 8b) under national default temperature and
fuel conditions, for model years 1987 through 2012, for the 2012 calendar year
(see Appendix A for a full list of factors).6 The emission factors are broken out by
general drive cycle type (urban or highway), and average speed range, as
discussed below.
Idle emission factors for NOx and PM were developed separately by model year,
truck class, and fuel type (diesel and gasoline). MOVES2010a does not currently
provide idle factors in terms of grams per hour, so we ran MOVES2010a using
the Project Level scale with a single link and with an average speed of zero. We
performed runs for typical winter and summer conditions and took the average of
outputs from those runs obtain g/hr factors. The resulting idle factors are
presented in Appendix B.7
This section describes the process we followed to select the on-road emission
factors from MOVES2010a for use in the Truck Tool. Emission factors in grams
per mile were developed for gasoline, E10,8 and diesel fuel types for all MOVES
source types that correspond to MOBILES heavy duty vehicle classes, 2b-8b
inclusive. The MOVES source types modeled are shown in the table below. Of
these, note school buses, refuse trucks and motor homes represent only a small
fraction of total activity.
Table 2. MOVES Source Types Associated with Class 2b - 8b Vehicles
Source Type ID
31
32
43
51
52
Source Type Name
Passenger Truck
Light Commercial Truck
School Bus
Refuse Truck
Single Unit Short-haul Truck
6 Due to an inconsistency in the future year gasoline specification file within MOVES2010a,
gasoline and E10 tailpipe emission factors were not modeled for calendar year 2012. In these
instances the MOVES outputs for the 2011 calendar year were used instead, with the 2012 model
year emissions rates set equal to the 2011 model year values.
7 The idle factors correspond to short-term idling. Factors for long-term extended idling will be
higher (at least for late model engines), since engine operation temperatures and loads at idle
are generally not high enough to activate late-model emission controls such as SCR and EGR.
Adjustment factors to account for the difference between short and long-term idling may be
applied in the future, utilizing the reported differences between long and short-term hours on the
Activity Information page in the SmartWay Truck Tool.
8 E15 can be modeled as well, if the required fuel specifications are provided.
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Source Type ID
53
54
61
62
Source Type Name
Single Unit Long-haul Truck
Motor Home
Combination Short-haul Truck
Combination Long-haul Truck
Separate factors were developed for "Urban" and "Highway/Rural" roadway
types. These factors were apportioned according to MOVES operating mode
groups, which correspond to speed ranges of 0-25 mph, 25-50 mph, and 50+
mph.
Emission factors calculated by the model, output by MOVES source type, were
then converted to a MOBILES vehicle class basis. In this way, the Truck Tool can
select appropriate emission factors for use by:
• weight class
• model year
• road type (urban vs. highway/rural)
• speed distribution
The following describes the methodology for the emission factor calculation.
Calculation of MOVES emission factors by operating mode
In calculating emission factors, the primary goal is to disaggregate factors by the
percentage of time a given type of vehicle spends operating at certain speeds.
The ranges of speeds analyzed include 0-25 mph, 25-50 mph, and greater than
50 mph. These speed ranges correspond to MOVES operating modes #11-16,
21-29, and 30-40 inclusive, where each operating mode is defined by both the
speed of the vehicle and its vehicle specific power (VSP). First, for a given
source type and model year, the fraction of emissions attributable to each range
of speed was determined. Emissions for a vehicle can be expressed in Equation
1:
Equation 1
Where:
+A E
T «t
E' = unconnected9 mass emissions calculated based on operating mode and
emissions contribution by speed bin
' Subsequent adjustment factors are presented in Equation 3 below.
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A13 = the sum of activity fractions (in seconds) over speed range n. (A, and AB
represent the activity associated with the individual operating modes for
idling and braking, respectively.)
E., 3' = the weighted average emissions over a given speed range n. (E, and EB
represent the emissions associated with the individual operating modes
for idling and braking, respectively.)
The following figure shows a range of emissions and activity fractions for an
example source type and model year. The operating mode (or VSP bin) are
shown on the x-axis. The dashed red line presents the fraction of vehicle activity
associated with a given operating mode, while the black circles present average
HC emissions for each operating mode.
u
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tn
if.
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50
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/i
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23 24 25 27
VSP Bin
23 30 33 36 37 38
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300
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Figure 1. Example Emissions and Activity Fractions by Operating Mode
For our purposes, An from Equation 1 is obtained by retaining the
"opmodedistribution" table from the Operating Mode Distribution Generator
(OMDG), which is created during a MOVES run. This table contains operating
mode fractions by source type, roadway type, and pollutant/process. The sum of
the operating mode fractions in each speed bin constitutes An.
En' is derived from data obtained from the default MOVES "emissionratebyage"
table. This table contains emission rates by pollutant process, operating mode,
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and age group for a wide variety of sourcebinlDs. For this analysis, a MySQL
query was used to select sourcebinlDs corresponding to the source type, fuel
type, and calendar year of interest, and limited our rate selection to the 4-5 year
age group. The emissions obtained here were then converted to a source type
basis (from their current sourcebinID basis); this was done by retaining the
"sourcebindistribution" table from the Source Bin Distribution Generator (SBDG),
which is created during each MOVES run, and weighting the activity fractions for
each source type and model year combination in this table with the data from the
"emissionratebyage" table described above. Having finished this mapping, an
emission rate is generated, by source type and model year, for each operating
mode (corresponding to the circles in the figure above). Since En' for each speed
range represents the average emissions of the range weighted by the activity in
that range, the weighted average emissions can be calculated from the 0-25 mph
speed bin, E/, as follows in Equation 2:
Equation 2
j-, ,_ -'MlAl "'"•'M2-M2 "'"•'M3-M3 "*" -^14A4 "*" "'MS A 5 "*" -^16A6
1 ~~ 16
IX
Where:
Rn = The activity fraction for operating mode n, obtained from the OMDG table
Tn = The emissions for operating mode n.
Other speed bins will use different operating modes in their calculations; the
equation above is merely an example illustrating the calculation method for the
first speed bin. Having calculated an appropriate En' for each speed range for a
given source type and model year, Equation 1 can be used, along with the
appropriate activity fraction, to arrive at a total uncorrected emissions value. In
and of itself, this emission factor has little value in estimating emissions.
However, it can be used along with the modeled emission factor for a particular
source type and model year to arrive at an overall adjustment factor, as shown in
Equation 3:
Equation 3
~ K
Where:
E = The modeled emission, obtained from MOVES outputs, for an individual
source type and model year
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E'= The uncorrected emissions for an individual source type and model year,
calculated using operating mode distributions and emission factors from
the "emissionratebyage" table
This overall adjustment factor, in turn, can be applied to each individual
emissions component, En', as shown in Equation 4:
Equation 4
En = ZE;
The adjusted emissions, En, are subsequently used to calculate a total, corrected
emission factor for a given source type and model year combination, as
described by Equation 5:
Equation 5
E = A^ + A2E2 + A3E3 + A,E, + ABEB
In this way, a representative emission factor is calculated by operating
mode/speed group. This will allow the Truck Tool to adjust the default operating
mode percentages (An) to more accurately represent a user-provided speed
profile for the vehicles they are evaluating. Default operating mode percentages
may also be used, as calculated above.
Conversion of emission factors from source type to weight class
basis
Ultimately, emission factor lookup tables are required for use in the Truck Tool by
weight class, fuel type, and model year. However, modeled output from MOVES
is aggregated by source type. Therefore a post-processing tool was developed to
convert vehicle emission factors from source types to weight class based on
internal MOVES tables. The conversion methodology used in this tool is
described below.
First, the adjusted emissions and activity output from MOVES are combined, by
pollutantID, by joining the "movesoutput" and "movesactivityoutput" tables by
calendar year, source type, fuel type and model year. The sourcetype and model
year for each record are combined in a new field, sourcetypemodelyearlD.
Next, the emissions and activity output from the first step are combined with the
MOVES "sizeweightfraction" table by joining on the sourcetypemodelyearlD. The
"sizeweightfraction" table contains, for a given combination of source type and
model year, the fraction of vehicles apportioned across weightclasslD. Given the
weightclassID, the portion of emissions and activity attributable to a given range
of vehicle weights is determined, and subsequently, those weights (along with
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fuel type) are mapped back to MOBILES vehicle classes, which are based on
GVWR. (This is achieved with a separate lookup table, "MSVehType", which is
derived from Appendix B, Table 3 of the EPA's MOBILE6.2 User's Guide.) For
each calendar year, sourcetypemodelyearlD and pollutantID, the
sizeweightfraction is multiplied by the emissions (in grams) and activity (in miles)
to obtain EmissionFrac and ActivityFrac, respectively.
Finally, the EmissionFrac and ActivityFrac calculated above are summed by
yearlD, pollutantID, fueltypelD, and MOBILES vehicle type (e.g., HDDVSb). This
provides total emissions and activity independent of the MOVES source type or
vehicle model year. Finally, the aggregated emissions are divided by the activity
to arrive at g/mi emission factors, presented in Appendix A.
Modeling E10 Emission Rates
In a MOVES run that uses nationwide defaults for fuel supply, the model includes
many thousands of fuel formulations on a by-county basis in its calculations. In
addition to diesel fuels, many counties in the model defaults are characterized by
varying market shares of gasoline and E10. This intertwining of fuel mixtures by
market share can make isolation of nationwide E10-based and gasoline-based
emission factors from the model somewhat difficult.
In order to isolate E10 emission factors, an external database tool was used to
alter the MOVES "fuelsupply" table for two scenarios: one in which market shares
for E10 and gasoline fuels were set to 1 and 0, respectively, and the inverse
case, in which market shares for E10 and gasoline fuels were set to 0 and 1.
Importing the updated "fuelsupply" tables using external MySQL scripts, separate
E10 and gasoline MOVES runs were then performed using the newly updated
information.
Sensitivity Analysis Results
The relative emissions impact of different speed regimes were evaluated for four
road types - urban arterial, urban freeway, rural arterial, and rural freeway. To
simplify the sensitivity analysis, MOVES outputs were generated for diesel long-
haul combination trucks, model year 2008, run for the 2011 calendar year, using
national average defaults (e.g., fuel specifications, temperatures, etc). The
results of the analysis are shown for NOx and PM25 below.
10
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Default NOx Contribution by Speed Bin
Q
Q
7
'£ * -
f 5
3 -
^^=
Urban Art Urban Frwy
Road type
u
Rural Art
Rural Frwy
• IDLE
DBRAK
D5070
• 2550
Q0025
Default PM2.5 Contribution by Speed Bin
Urban Art
Urban Frwy Rural Art
Road type
Rural Frwy
Figure 2. Default NOx and PM25 Emission Contribution by Speed Bin
As shown in the above charts, the emissions for urban freeways, rural arterials,
and rural freeways are all heavily dominated by high speed (50 - 70 mph)
11
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operation.10 In addition, actual emission levels are relatively insensitive to road
type across these three types. However, speed distribution appears to have a
significant bearing on emissions for urban arterial operation. Accordingly, the
recommendation for Truck Tool application was to develop fully disaggregated
emission factor look up tables (retaining all four road types), and then weight
urban freeway, rural arterial, and rural freeway road type operations in order to
aggregate emission lookup tables within the SmartWay tool to reflect "urban"
(i.e., urban arterial) and "other" road types. In addition, under this approach
users can choose default speed distributions for these selections, or specify the
percent of operation by major speed range (0 - 25, 25 - 50, 50 - 70). Given the
relative insensitivity to speed for the "other" category, specifying speed
distributions would only be permitted for urban arterial operation.
Under this approach, the user is given the follow input options:
• Specify % Highway/Rural ("other") operation fraction
• Specify % urban operation distribution by speed bin, or select "default
speed distribution"
Data entry is handled through the addition of a popup screen for non-default data
entry (see Truck Tool User Guide for details).
2.3 Alternative Fuels
NOx and PM emission factors are not available from MOVES2010a for certain
alternative fuels, including biodiesel, E85, natural gas, and LPG. Accordingly,
EPA used adjustment factors from a number of sources described below to
estimate NOx and PM factors for these other fuels.
NOx and PM emission factors for biodiesel were based on the findings from an
EPA study, A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust
Emissions (EPA420-P-02-001, October 2002). This study developed regression
equations to predict the percentage change in NOx and PM emission rates
relative to conventional diesel fuel, as a function of biodiesel blend percentage,
expressed in the following form:
Equation 6
% change in emissions = {exp[a x (vol% biodiesel)] -1} x 100%
Where:
10 This finding is consistent with the 2008 SmartWay partner data submissions, wherein 87% of Partners
selected the 50+ mph category as the most representative of their non-urban operations.
12
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a = 0.0009794 for NOx, and
a = -0.006384 for PM
Using Equation 6, adjustment factors were developed for biodiesel blends based
on the percentage of the biofuel component,11 and then these adjustment factors
were applied to the appropriate conventional diesel emission factors in Appendix
A (see Section 2.2 for the sources of conventional diesel emission factors). Note
that the fleet-average blend value is assumed to be the same for all truck
classes, since the biofuel consumption data is not collected at the truck class
level. (This assumption holds for ethanol consumption data inputs as well.)
For gasoline-ethanol blends, the SmartWay Truck Tool only accepts fuel
consumption estimates for E10 and E85 since, unlike biodiesel where the biofuel
fraction can vary significantly, ethanol is generally blended with gasoline at two
discrete levels: 10% (E10) and 85% (E85). As discussed in Section 2.2 above,
NOx and PM factors for E10 were output directly from MOVES2010a. Given the
lack of heavy-duty E85 test data, adjustment factors for E85 were based on
emissions estimates for light-duty vehicles cited by the US DOE Alternative Fuels
and Advanced Vehicles Data Center.12 These estimates come from a technical
paper published in the Journal of Air & Waste Management.13 Relative to
conventional gas vehicles, the authors of this paper estimate that vehicles
running on E85 provide an average NOx reduction of 54% (based on 73 vehicle
tests), and an average PM reduction of 34% (based on 3 vehicle tests). These
adjustment factors are applied to the appropriate gasoline engine emission
factors in Appendix A to develop emission factors for E85.
If the consumption level of E10 is unknown, the Truck Tool user may also specify
national average default blend levels for ethanol. National totals for gasoline use
for 2009 were obtained from the Energy Information Administration's (EIA)
Annual Energy Outlook Reference Case for 2010, Table 46 (Transportation
Sector Energy Use by Fuel Type within a Mode). Summing the energy use
values for light-duty gasoline vehicles, commercial light trucks, and freight trucks
from the table yields an estimate of 16,234 TBtu (15,605 + 322 + 306) for 2009.
National fuel ethanol consumption estimates for 2009 were also obtained from
the EIA, totaling 894 TBtu (see Table 10.3, consumption minus denaturant in
http://www.eia.doe.gov/aer/txt/ptb1003.html). Assuming 114,100 Btu/gallon of
gasoline, and 76,100 Btu/gallon of E100,14 ethanol is estimated to constitute
7.7% of gasoline fuel consumption in the U.S., on a volumetric basis.15
11 Biodiesel blend percentage is calculated by dividing BlOO-equivalent gallons by total fuel gallons at the
fleet level - see the Truck Tool User Guide for details regarding biodiesel use inputs.
12 See http://www.afdc.energv.gov/afdc/vehicles/emissions e85.html. last validated December 22, 2011.
13 http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/pdfs/technical_paper_feb09.pdf
14https://www.afdc.energv.gov/afdc/prep/popups/gges.htrnl last verified 12-22-11.
15 16,234 TBtu gasoline x 1012 Btu/TBtu /114,100 Btu/gal= 1.42 x 1011 gallons of gasoline;
13
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Emission adjustment factors were used for gaseous fuels (LPG, CNG and LNG)
that were cited by the Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center,
Table 2: NREL/UWV Field Tests of Natural Gas Vehicle Emissions.16. These
factors were developed by the National Renewable Energy Lab and University of
West Virginia based on field studies on natural gas vehicles. For this
assessment, it was assumed that CNG and LNG emissions were identical. In
addition, it was also assumed LPG vehicle emissions would be equal to natural
gas vehicle emissions.17 To be conservative, the smallest emission reduction
estimates were selected from Table 2 (86% for PM and 17% for NOx) relative to
comparable diesel vehicles. These adjustment factors are then applied to the
diesel emission factors in Appendix A for to develop emission factors for these
fuels.
The same adjustment factors are applied for all model years in the Truck Tool
because model year-specific emissions data do not appear to be available at this
time. Note, however, that the emissions from the combustion of alternative fuels
may be different for older trucks (with minimal emission controls) and newer
trucks (with extensive control systems in place) due to vehicle emission
standards.
2.4 PM Control Effectiveness
The Truck Tool applies adjustment factors to the PM emission factors in
Appendix A and B for any pre-2007 diesel truck for which Partners have installed
a specific retrofit control device. The following adjustment factors were obtained
from EPA OTAQ (presented as a % reduction in emissions; see Section 3.2
below for details):
• Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) - 25%
• Closed crankcase ventilation (CCV) - 5%
• Diesel particulate filter (DPF) - 90%
The tool applies these adjustment factors to pre-2007 PM operating and idle
emission estimates. The tool also allows for situations where CCVs are applied in
combination with either DOCs or DPFs. In such a case, the reduction
effectiveness is calculated additively. For example, if pre-control operating
894 TBtu E100 x 1012 Btu/TBtu / 76,100 Btu/gal = 0.118 x 1011 gallons of E100;
0.118 / (1.42 + 0.118) = 7.7%. Note this methodology disregards the relatively small volumes of ethanol
consumed as E85.
16 http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/vehicles/emissions natural gas.html. last validated 12-22-11.
17 The PM and NOx estimates cited by this source for LPG vehicles were actually slightly lower than for
natural gas vehicles - http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/veMcles/emissionsjropane.html. However, based
on engineering judgment it was assumed that LPG PM and NOx emissions would be similar to comparable
CNG vehicles.
14
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emissions were 1.0 g/mile for a diesel truck, and a CCV and DPF were applied,
the resulting emission rate would be:
Equation 7
1.0 x [1 - (0.25 + 0.05)] = 0.07 g/mile, post-control
However, the Truck Tool assumes that DOC and DPF application are mutually
exclusive.
15
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3.0 Emission and Activity Estimation
The emission rates and adjustment factors discussed above are combined with
appropriate activity data (provided by the Partners) to calculate mass emissions
at the fleet and/or division level for C02, NOx and PM, as described below.
3.1 CO2
C02 is calculated within the Truck Tool utilizing emission factors expressed in
grams per gallon of fuel, as discussed in Section 2.1 above. The general
equation for calculating C02 emissions using reported fuel consumption values is
Equation 8
Ec02 = ((F-B)xEFF) + (BxEFB)
Where:
EC02 = grams CO2 per year
F = Fossil Fuel (Gallons per year)
B = Biofuel (Gallons per year)
EFF = Fossil Fuel Emissions Factor (g/gal based on fuel type)
EFB = Biofuel Emissions Factor (g/gal based on biofuel type)
3.2 NOx and PM
Unlike C02 emissions which only vary with fuel type, NOx and PM emission rates
also vary substantially depending upon model year and/or emission certification
level, vehicle class, drive cycle, speed, and operation mode (running or idle). For
this reason, EPA developed lookup tables in the Truck Tool with emission factors
that correspond to user-supplied inputs regarding their fleet activity. The NOx
and PM emission rates expressed in grams per mile were combined with the
appropriate mileage metric (i.e., total miles) in order to estimate mass emissions.
The general equation for calculating NOx emissions is as follows:
Equation 9
ENOx = (Mcx ((GPMH x HDC)+ (GPMW x UDCJ + (GPMU2 x UDC2) + (GPMU3 x UDC3) +
(GPMU4 x UDCJ)) x TCY/ TCT) + (GPH, xH|x TCY)
Where:
ENOx = grams NOx per year for a given truck class
M0 = Miles driven for Truck Class C per year
GPMH = Grams/mi (by truck class & engine yr) for Highway/Rural Driving
HOC = Highway drive cycle % (% of miles under highway/rural driving)
GPMu1/2/3/4 = Grams/mi (by truck class & engine yr) for Urban Driving by
mode (1 = 0 - 25 mph; 2 = 25 - 50 mph; 3 = 50+ mph; 4 = deceleration)
UDC1/2/3/4 = Urban drive cycle % (% of miles under urban driving
conditions, by mode (1,2,3,4))
16
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TOY = Number of trucks for a given Class/Year combination
TOT = Number of trucks total for a given Class
GPH, = Grams per hour (by truck class & engine year) for Idling
H, = Hours of Idling per year (average per truck per year by class)
PM emissions for non-diesel vehicles are calculated using an equation identical
to that for NOx, utilizing PM emission factors. PM emission for diesel vehicles
may be adjusted for PM control effectiveness, as shown below.
Equation 10
EpM = (((Mcx ((QPMH x HDC)+ (GPIVI^ x UDC,) + (GPMU2 x UDC2) + (GPMU3 x UDC3) +
(GPMU4 x UDC4))) x TCY/ TCT) + (GPH, xH, x TCY)) x (1 - ((0.25 x TDOC / TCT) + (0.05 x Tccv /
TCT) + (0.9 x TDPF / TCT)))
Where:
EPM = grams PM per year for a given truck class
TDOO = Number of trucks using Diesel Oxidation Catalysts by class
Toov = Number of trucks using Closed Crankcase Ventilation by class
TDPF = Number of trucks using Diesel Particulate Filters by class
0.25 = Effectiveness of DOCs (25%) at reducing particulate matter
0.05 = Effectiveness of CCVs (5%) at reducing particulate matter
0.9 = Effectiveness of DPFs (90%) at reducing particulate matter
Note the above calculation methodology assumes that the same highway/urban
drive cycle fractions apply across all model years of a given truck class.
Similarly, the method assumes that estimated idle hours apply equally to all
model years of a given truck class.
The above methodology also utilizes estimates for the fraction of miles traveled
associated with different road types and speed categories, as shown in the
equations above. The Truck Tool user must provide an estimate of the percent
of total miles associated with highway/rural driving for each truck class. The user
may also provide percentages for the miles spent driving in urban conditions
(e.g., unrestricted access, surface roads in well-traveled urban areas), for
different speed categories (0 - 25 / 25 - 50 / 50+ mph). This information may be
obtained from analysis of truck ECM or possibly GPS data. If urban speed
distribution data is not available, the user may select to use default distributions,
obtained from the MOVES model. The default speed distributions for urban
operation (as defined in Section 2.2 above) varies with vehicle class and model
year. However, the variation over model years is very slight (typically with a
range of 1 to 2 percent for the largest speed category), the percentages were
averaged over all model years for a given speed category/vehicle type
combination for use within the Truck Tool.
17
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Table 3 presents the resulting default urban speed distributions by speed
category for each truck class, for both diesel and gasoline vehicles. Note that the
Truck Tool utilizes the diesel default speed distributions for LPG, LNG, and CNG.
Vehicle Class
Speed Group
Percent
by Class
Diesels
HDDV2b
HDDV3
HDDV4
HDDV5
HDDV6
HDDV7
HDDVSa
HDDVSb
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
35%
38%
13%
15%
41%
36%
12%
11%
42%
35%
12%
11%
42%
35%
12%
11%
42%
35%
12%
10%
42%
35%
12%
10%
44%
35%
12%
9%
45%
34%
12%
8%
Vehicle Class
Speed Group
Percent
by Class
Gasoline
HDGV2b
HDGV3
HDGV4
HDGV5
HDGV6
HDGV7
HDGVSa
HDGVSb
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
0-25
25-50
50+
Deceleration
43%
31%
10%
15%
45%
34%
11%
11%
45%
34%
11%
10%
46%
33%
10%
11%
46%
33%
10%
11%
45%
32%
10%
14%
45%
34%
11%
10%
43%
31%
10%
15%
Table 3. Default Speed Category Distributions by Vehicle Class for Urban
18
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18
Operation (MOVES2010a basis)
As seen in the above table, the MOVES model assumes that some fraction of
vehicle operation is associated with "deceleration" events, evaluated
independently from other operation due to their unique emission rate patterns.19
However, it is assumed that most Truck Tool users will not know their fleet's
deceleration fraction. As such, the Truck Tool will adjust any values input by the
user to include a deceleration fraction based on MOVES model percentages. If
the user selects the default urban speed distributions, the Truck Tool will adjust
the urban values from Table 3 to account for the percentage of miles specified for
Highway/Rural operation as well. The following provides an illustrative example
for calculating PM emissions for diesels given a specific set of road type / speed
category distributions. NOx emission calculations will follow the same procedure.
User specifies 1 Class 8b diesel, model year 2011, traveling 100,000 mi/yr.
User specifies the following Road type/speed category distributions:
40% highway/rural
30% 0-25 mph
20% 25-50 mph
10% 50+ mph
For highway/rural operation, the lookup value from MOVES is 0.0195 g/mi for PM2.5
For urban operation, the lookup values are as follows:
0-25: 0.031 g/mi
25-50: 0.052 g/mi
50+: 0.012 g/mi
deceleration: 0.002 g/mi
Now the urban speed distribution percentage inputs must to account for deceleration, as
follows:
0-25: 30% x sum of default percentages for the three speed bins (but excluding default
deceleration fraction) = 30% x (45% + 34% + 12%) = 27.5%
25-50: 20% x sum of default percentages (45% + 34% + 12%) = 18.3%
50+: 10% x sum of default percentages (45% + 34% + 12%) = 9.2%
deceleration: the remaining percentage, which equals 100% - 40% (highway) -"27.5% -
18.3% - 9.2% = 5.1%
Now apply these percentage weights to the total mileage, and then multiply by the
corresponding emission factors to obtain mass, as follows:
Highway/rural component: 0.40 x 100,000 x 0.0195 = 780 grams
0-25 urban component: 0.275 x 100,000 x 0.031 = 826 grams
25 - 50 urban component: 0.183 x 100,000 x 0.052 = 952 grams
50+ urban component: 0.092 x 100,000 x 0.012 = 110 grams
Deceleration urban component: 0.51 x 100,000 x 0.002 = 10 grams
Therefore total = 2,678 grams of PM2.5 (This value will then be summed with any other
model year/vehicle class combinations and converted to short tons.)
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As discussed in Section 2.3, the Truck Tool assumes that B100-equivalent
biodiesel volumes are distributed proportionately across all diesel vehicle
classes. For example, if a fleet uses 100 B-100 equivalent gallons of biodiesel,
and 1,000 gallons of fuel total, the tool assumes that B10 (100 /1,000 = 10) is
the blend used by each truck class. Accordingly, emission rate adjustment
factors are calculated for B10 using Equation 6, and applied to the diesel
emission factors for each vehicle class.
Emission calculations for ethanol blends follow a different methodology, however,
applying discrete emission factors for gasoline and E10 from MOVES (and
adjusted gasoline emission factors for E85) with the specific fuel volume
estimates provided by the user. The following provides an example illustrating
how the miles of travel are apportioned across different blend volumes, in order
to estimate mass emissions.
User specifies 1,000 gallons of fuel total, and 10,000 miles of travel total
User inputs:
100 gallons of E10
100 gallons of E85
Therefore there are 800 gallons of pure gasoline (1,000 - 100 -100)
Apportion the 10,000 miles of travel across the different blend levels using gasoline-gallon
equivalent (gge) factors (from https://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/prep/popups/QQes.htmn as
follows:
100 gallons of E10 is equivalent to 100/1.05 = 95 gallons of gasoline*
100 gallons of E85 is equivalent to 100/1.39 = 72 gallons of gasoline
Therefore there are 800 + 95 + 72 = 967 gasoline equivalent gallons of fuel, total.
Applying the energy-equivalent fuel volume ratios to the 10,000 miles of total travel:
gasoline (EO) miles = 10,000 x 800/967 = 8,273 miles
E10 miles = 10,000 x 95/967 = 982 miles
E85 miles = 10,000 x 72/967 = 745 miles
Finally, multiplying these mileage values by the appropriate EO and E10 gram/mile emission
factors from MOVES results in the desired mass emission estimates. Similarly, multiplying the
E85 miles by the E85 emission factors (adjusted from EO factors as discussed in Section 2.3,
provides mass emissions associated with E85.
* E10 gge factor developed from linear interpolation of E100 and gasoline Btu/gallon values
20
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In addition, if national default ethanol blend levels are specified for gasoline fuel
use, the Truck Tool assumes that all ethanol consumed is in an E10 blend. For
example, assuming 1,000 gallons of gasoline are specified by the user, there
would be 770 gallons of E10 (1,000 x .077 - see Section 2.3), and 230 (1,000 -
770) gallons of gasoline. Mass emissions would then be calculated for the
gasoline and E10 components of the fuel as in the above example, apportioning
total miles across gasoline and E10 in order to apply the appropriate g/mi factors.
Finally, note that the PM factors output by the MOVES model for use in the Truck
Tool are expressed in terms of PM25. The MOVES model assumes a fixed ratio
of PM10 / PM25 for a given fuel type, as summarized below:
• Gasoline-1.086
• Diesel-1.031
• CNG-1.000
These factors were applied directly to the PM25 emission factors to obtain mass
emission and performance metrics for PM10 within the Truck Tool. In addition, it
was assumed that LNG and LPG had PM ratios equivalent to the CNG value
(1.00). Ethanol was assumed to have a ratio equal to that for gasoline, while the
ratio for biodiesel was assumed to equal that for diesel.
3.3 Activity Calculations
The Truck Tool requires users to provide specific activity information on fuel
consumption, miles traveled, payload, capacity volume, and capacity volume
utilization at the vehicle class level for the emissions performance assessment
(see Section 4.0 below). While the user may provide direct data inputs for any or
all of these activity parameters, the Truck Tool also allows the user to select
default values for payload and volume determination, in the absence of fleet-
specific information. (Direct inputs for payload are highly preferred over the use
of calculator defaults.) The data sources and assumptions used to develop these
default values are discussed below.
Default Payload Distributions
Average payloads can vary widely among fleets, even within a given vehicle
class, depending upon commodity type and body/trailer type. (While the Truck
Tool does collect commodity information, this information is not used in
determining payloads.) However, common body types were identified within
each vehicle class, along with associated payload distributions, using data from
21
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the US Census Bureau's 2002 Vehicle Inventory Use Survey (VIUS).20 The VIUS
collected self-reported data from thousands of truck operators involved in freight
movement across the U.S. In order to identify common body and trailer types at
the vehicle class level, the following filters were first applied to the full VIUS
dataset.
• BUSINESS = 1 (for-hire transportation or warehousing), or 2
(vehicle leasing and rental). This filter thereby excluded non-freight
vehicles such as utilities, construction, and agriculture;
• FUEL = 1 (Gasoline), or 2 (Diesel). Alternative fuel vehicles such
as CNG and LPG were excluded;
• P_EMPTY <> 100. That is, vehicles operating empty 100% of the
time were excluded;
• TRUCK_SORTER <>1 - excludes light-duty vehicle body types;
• VIUS_GVW >2 - gross vehicle weight rating > 8,500 Ibs;
• BODYTYPE <> 5 (armored), 7 (concrete mixer), 8 (concrete
pumper), 9 (crane), 11 (dump), 15 (utility service), 16 (other
service), 17 (street sweeper), 20 (wrecker), 21
(trash/garbage/recycling), 22 (vacuum);
• TRAILERTYPE <> 4 (dump), 8 (mobile home toter), 13 (trailer-
mounted equipment).
After applying these screens, 14,540 records remained in the VIUS dataset for
further analysis. Each of these records corresponded to survey responses from
individual fleets of varying sizes, truck classes, and services. These records
were then sorted by vehicle class according to the VIUS_GVWfield to identify
major body types within each class, and the corresponding payload averages
and standard deviations. Average payload from VIUS was assumed to equal
WEIGHTAVG - WEIGHTEMPTY.
Body types constituting approximately 5 percent or more of the total VIUS class-
level vehicle count were included in the Truck Tool Payload Calculator, as
described in Part 3 of the Truck Tool User Guide.21 In addition, the payload
averages and ranges for "Other" body type categories were set equal to the
class-level values within the VIUS (i.e., averaged across all body types). Table 4
presents the payload averages, standard deviations, minimum and maximum
values for common body types by vehicle class.22 Note that the average values
and standard deviations presented below are not weighted by fleet size.
See http://www.census.gov/svsd/www/vius/2002.html.
21 Trailer types representing less than 5 percent of the Class 8b category are also presented in the tool, due
to the relatively large vehicle populations within this class.
22 Given the lack of data on non-diesel heavy-duty vehicles, payload ranges are assumed to apply to all fuel
types.
22
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Table 4. Average Payload and Standard Deviation
Body Types, by Vehicle Class (VIUS 2002 basis
(short tons) for Common
- diesel and gasoline)
Body/trailer type
Average
pavload
(tons)
Std
Deviation
Max
Min
Vehicle
Count
M
%of
Vehicle
Class
Class 2b
flatbed/stake/platform
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.7
0.6
2.0
2.3
2.9
2.9
0.8
0.3
0.0
0.0
756
5,591
3,897
10,794
7%
52%
36%
Class 3
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
2.1
1.8
1.9
0.5
0.8
0.7
3.8
4.5
4.5
0.4
0.0
0.0
39,555
20,490
65,544
60%
31%
Class 4
flatbed/stake/platform
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
2.1
3.1
2.7
2.8
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
3.4
5.2
5.0
5.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
3,502
12,554
15,385
34,025
10%
37%
45%
Class 5
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
4.1
3.2
3.4
0.9
1.2
1.3
5.4
6.5
6.5
0.3
0.0
0.0
14,058
17,595
34,670
41%
51%
Class 6
flatbed/stake/platform
reefer
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
4.5
5.0
5.3
4.7
4.9
1.9
1.5
1.1
1.5
1.5
8.8
8.5
8.5
10.0
10.0
0.5
0.8
0.5
0.5
0.4
6,986
7,301
27,711
74,600
121,747
6%
6%
23%
61%
Class 7 - straight trucks
beverage
flatbed/stake/platform
reefer
tank (fluid)
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
8.2
5.5
7.1
6.8
5.9
6.3
3.1
3.2
1.9
2.3
2.2
2.4
14.1
12.0
10.6
10.0
11.0
14.1
0.5
0.0
4.5
0.0
1.0
0.0
2,617
2,762
4,203
3,272
18,278
33,250
8%
8%
13%
10%
55%
Class 7 - combination trucks
flatbed/stake/platform
reefer
van (basic enclosed)
5.2
3.6
5.0
0.4
1.0
1.6
6.0
4.5
7.8
5.0
2.5
0.0
869
484
4,948
13%
7%
75%
23
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Bodv/trailer tvoe
All (other)
Average
pavload
(tons)
5.0
Std
Deviation
1.6
Max
7.8
Min
0.0
Vehicle
Count
IN)
6,585
%of
Vehicle
Class
Class 8a - straight trucks
flatbed/stake/platform
tank (fluid)
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
9.1
12.9
9.7
10.9
4.9
3.6
4.6
4.7
25.5
22.0
24.5
25.5
1.0
4.0
1.0
1.0
4,070
3,668
5,390
14,526
28%
25%
37%
Class 8a - combination trucks
beverage
flatbed/stake/platform
van (basic enclosed)
All (other)
12.3
9.9
10.6
10.5
4.4
4.3
4.0
4.1
18.5
21.2
21.5
21.5
1.0
1.4
0.3
0.3
4,994
8,139
79,757
104,842
5%
8%
76%
Class 8b - combination trucks
flatbed
reefer
tanker
Dry van (single trailer)
Dry van (double trailer)
Dry van (triple trailer)
specialty
Chassis (container)
All (other)
23.9
22.2
26.0
19.5
20.6
27.1
24.5
22.2
21.6
4.0
2.9
4.7
6.7
5.8
3.2
5.0
4.3
6.1
60.0
32.3
49.5
40.4
41.3
31.8
52.5
32.5
60.0
10.5
6.0
15.4
0.5
7.5
24.5
8.3
2.0
0.5
64,385
67,028
42,100
313,057
10,468
283
43,047
8,398
548,767
12%
12%
8%
57%
2%
0%
8%
2%
The values above serve as the basis for the default payload ranges provided in
the Truck Tool payload calculator. For most vehicle class/body type
combinations,23 five default ranges are offered for Partner selection:
• Range 1: from 0 tons to (Average payload - 2 x standard
deviation);
• Range 2: from (Average payload - 2 x standard deviation) to
(Average payload - 1 x standard deviation);
• Range 3: from (Average payload - 1 x standard deviation) to
(Average payload + 1 x standard deviation);
• Range 4: from (Average payload + 1 x standard deviation) to
(Average payload + 2 x standard deviation); and,
• Range 5: from (Average payload + 2 x standard deviation) to VIUS
Maximum observed value.
In a few instances, the maximum VIUS value for a particular vehicle class/body type combination was
less than the Range 4 minimum value. In these cases the Payload Calculator indicates Range 5 as "N/A".
24
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Once a particular range is selected, the payload calculator estimates the
midpoint of the range in order to estimate class level average payloads. The
estimated midpoint payload values for each body type are weighted by one of the
four allocation methods specified by the user in the payload calculator: # miles, #
trips, % operation, and # vehicles by body type. The weighted sum is then used
as the class level average payload, which in turn is used directly in determining
grams per ton-mile performance metrics for the fleet.
Payload data based on bills of lading and entered directly into the payload
calculator are validated using the same VIUS data described above,
corresponding to the "Other" body types in the calculators.
Default Capacity Volumes
The Truck Tool also provides a volume calculator to estimate the cubic feet
associated with the common straight truck body types (classes 2b through 7)
identified using the VIUS dataset, as well as typical trailer, container, carrier, and
tanker sizes, for combination trucks (classes 8a and b).24 Capacity volumes in
cubic feet are relatively easy to estimate for many combination trucks. Per unit
interior volume defaults are assumed for standard dry vans - no high cubes,
reefers, etc.), and containers. Trailer calculations assume an 8' x 9' cross-
section, and the exterior length less 1/2 foot. 20 and 40 foot container
dimensions are referenced in many places, such as
http://www.mussonfreight.com/containers/containers.html.- Table 5
summarizes the default volumes assumed for a number of standard trailers,
containers, tankers, and bulk carriers.
Table 5. Default Average Cubic Feet (Class 8a - 8b trucks)
Type
Trailers
Size
28ft
40ft
42ft
45ft
48ft
53ft
57ft
28x28
40x28
40x40
48x48
Cubic Feet
1,980
2,844
2,988
3,204
3,420
3,780
4,068
3,960
4,824
5,688
6,840
24 Default capacity volumes for Class 7 combination vehicles were not available from the literature search,
and were set equal to the average volume for Class 8 combination trucks in the 2010 SmartWay database.
25 53 foot containers are assumed to have interior dimensions of 52' 5" x 7' 8" x 7' 10"
25
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Type
Containers
Tankers
Bulk
Carriers
Size
28x28x28
20ft
40ft
53ft
Small (3,000 gal)
Medium (5,250 gal)
Large (7,500 gal)
Small (22'x8'1 0.25')
Medium (32'x8'x1 1 ')
Large (42'x8.5'x1 1 .5')
Cubic Feet
5,940
1,159
2,347
3,148
401
702
1,003
1,804
2,816
4,106
Cargo volume capacity data is often not readily available for straight trucks,
however. Such trucks are highly variable in their configuration and when volume
estimates are found, the data often do not permit cross-referencing with vehicle
class. Most highway infrastructure and operating agencies, including
enforcement, are concerned about weight (e.g., pavement and structure
damage), but not cubic capacity. The operating agencies are also concerned
about maximum dimensions, of length, height and width (for, respectively, turning
radii, vertical clearance, and lane width) but the shape of the box and its relation
to the truck superstructure, not these maximums, dictates cubic capacity. Little
public research on the cubic capacity of the box has been done, and thus little
information is published.
Available information was compiled as it relates to cargo volume capacity for the
common straight truck body types identified in the VIUS. (Following a SAS
analysis on the VIUS Microdata, grouping body type versus cubic cargo capacity,
it was determined that none of the 246 variables in VIUS included cubic capacity
information.)
Without a comprehensive data source, such as the VIUS, other strategies
needed to be employed to develop examples, or ranges, of volume capacity for
the various body type/truck class combinations of interest. A literature review
and vendor interviews were performed to determine appropriate values for cargo
volume capacity. The first step in the literature review involved preparing a list of
vendors responsible for designing, manufacturing, or operating all the different
truck types identified.
Cubic capacity is also dependent upon a variety of factors and is not uniform for
even the same make and model, as many truck manufactures will design to
specifications based on a client's unique needs for their cargo. For example, a
client may request a manufacturer to design a truck interior to best accommodate
the delivery of a certain size of parcel, and install shelving or otherwise
compartmentalize to that end. Consideration was given to these factors during
the review.
26
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The literature review encompassed Internet searches of vendors of the truck
types described above. Sources explored included truck manufacturers, dealers,
and fleet lessors of vehicles such as Budget/U-haul/Enterprise/Ryder/E-Dart).
Additionally, validation searches were performed on websites outlining current
truck sales to help identify the appropriate size/class of the vehicles and
applicable specifications. The following information was collected from these
searches for over 40 different vehicles currently available on the market:
• Length, width, height of the cargo hold
• Reported cargo space (cubic feet)
• Gross Vehicle Weight
• Payload
• Manufacturer
• Make/Model
• Reference website
Outreach to key stakeholders in the commercial vehicle industry was also
performed to further validate the information collected from the literature and
resource review. Contact was made with representatives from Volvo Trucks
North America; the American Transportation Research Institute (ATRI); the
Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (CVSA); the Truck Manufacturers
Association (TMA); Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Truck Size and
Weight; and a wide variety of trucking manufactures and other vendors.
The results of this review are provided in Table 6 below for straight trucks, class
2b through 7. In those instances where multiple vehicle models were identified
for a given body type/vehicle class combination, simple averages were calculated
across models.26 Consistent with the Payload Calculator methodology, the value
for "Other" body types was set equal to the average across all body types
identified for a given truck class.
26 Ideally in the future capacity estimates would be weighted by model sales data or other sources of
information related to the relative frequency of the different vehicle makes and models.
27
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Table 6. Estimated Capacity Volumes (cubic feet) for Common Straight
Truck Body Types, by Vehicle Class
Body/trailer type
Average Capacity Volume (Cubic Feet)
Class 2b
flatbed/stake/platform
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
Other
336
314
340
330
Class 3
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
Other
547
450
599
Class 4
flatbed/stake/platform
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
Other
448
700
808
830
Class 5
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
Other
670
1,515
1,233
Class 6
flatbed/stake/platform
reefer
step/walk-in
van (basic enclosed)
Other
672
1,521
1,496
1,380
1,267
Class 7
beverage
flatbed/stake/platform
reefer
tank (fluid)
van (basic enclosed)
Other
1,505*
728
1,774
267
1,552
1,505
*Set equal to "Other" due to lack of data
Once a default capacity volume is selected, the volume calculator weights the
volume estimates for each body type by one of the four allocation methods: #
28
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miles, # trips, % operation, and # vehicles by body type. The weighted sum is
then used as the class level average capacity volume, which in turn is used
directly in determining grams per volume-mile performance metrics for the fleet.
A list of websites utilized in the literature review is provided below.
Truck manufacturers:
www.gmc.com
www. Chevrolet, com
www.ford.com
www.freightlinersprinterusa.com
www.silvercrowncoach.com
Fleet operators:
www.uhaul.com
www.pensketruckrental.com
www. budgettruck. com
www. hendersonrentals. co. nz
www.hackneybeverage.com
www.hackneyusa.com
www.fedex.com
www.grummanolson.com
Other sources:
www. usedtruckdepot. com
www. usedtrucks. ryder. com
www.truckingauctions.com
www.truckpaper.com
www.motortrend.com
files.harc.edu/Projects/Transportation/FedExReportTask3.pdf
The detailed findings of this review are presented in Appendix D.
3.4 Data Validation
The SmartWay Truck Tool has a number of standard logical, range and value
checks that must be passed before Partners can submit their data to EPA. Many
of these checks simply confirm the presence of required data (e.g., total miles for
each truck class selected), or the accuracy of logical relationships (e.g., revenue
miles < = total miles). The list of these basic checks is provided below. Partners
will not be able to finalize their fleet files until all associated errors have been
resolved.
29
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Table 7. Basic Range and Logical Checks - Conditions Resulting in Error
or Warning Messages
Fleet
Characterization
Fleet
Characterization
Fleet
Characterization
Fleet
Characterization
Fleet
Characterization
Fleet
Characterization
Fleet
Characterization
Fleet
Characterization
General
Information
General
Information
General
Information
General
Information
General
Information
General
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
User must include a Partner Name.
SCACs must be between 2 and 4 characters in length, and at least one character must
be a letter. Multiple SCACs must be separated by commas.
MCNs must be between 6 and 7 digits.
User must select a Fleet Type.
User must indicate operational control over at least 95% of the fleet. (If partner does
not have at least 95% operational control, Truck Tool may not be used for the fleet.)
User must include a Fleet Contact name for each fleet.
The Operation Category totals must add up to 100%.
The Body Type totals must add up to 100%.
User must designate the Short-haul vs. Long-haul split.
User must select at least one fuel type.
User must designate the percentage of truckloads that utilize 100% of available cargo
capacity.
User must indicate the commodities that are carried by each fleet.
If participating in the Port Dray Program, user must indicate the number of trucks
equipped with APUs and SmartWay tires. (If none of the trucks in the fleet are
equipped with these, a zero must be entered into the field.)
If participating in the Port Dray Program, the number of trucks equipped with APUs
or SmartWay tires cannot exceed the number of trucks in the fleet.
All fields are required, so no field can be left blank. (If appropriate, a zero can be
placed in certain fields.)
For all numeric fields except Empty Miles and Idle Hours, the value must be greater
than zero.
For Revenue Miles, the amount cannot exceed the number of Total Miles Driven.
For Revenue Miles, amounts that are less than 50% of Total Miles Driven must be
explained.
For Revenue Miles, if the Data Source Detail "Equal to total miles" is selected, the
amount must equal the Total Miles Driven.
For Revenue Miles, if the Data Source Detail "Total miles less empty miles" is
selected, the amount must equal the Total Miles Driven minus Empty Miles Driven.
For Empty Miles, the amount must be less than the number of Total Miles.
30
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Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Activity
Information
Model Year & Class
Model Year & Class
PM Reduction
PM Reduction
PM Reduction
PM Reduction
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
For Empty Miles, amounts that are more than 50% of Total Miles Driven must be
explained.
For Empty Miles, if the Data Source Detail "Total miles less revenue miles " is
selected, the amount must equal the Total Miles Driven minus Revenue Miles Driven.
On the Biofuel Blend Worksheet, the total gallons of biofuel cannot exceed the
amount entered for Total Fuel on the Activity Information screen.
For each row of data, user must specify a Data Source.
For Capacity Utilization, the value cannot exceed 100%.
For Capacity Utilization, the value must be less than 100% if user indicated that the
fleet is 100% Less-Than-Truckload (LTL). (By definition, LTL fleets cannot have 100%
capacity utilization.)
For Capacity Utilization, values less than the expected minimum value of 45% must
be explained.
For Idle Hours, the value cannot exceed 8,760.
For Idle Hours, values significantly outside the expected range (260 - 2,100) must be
explained.
Total Miles per Truck cannot exceed 500,000.
Total Miles per Truck outside the expected range (12,000 to 125,000 for class 2-7, or
12,000 to 125,000 for class 8) must be explained.
MPG must be greater than zero.
MPG that is significantly outside the expected range for the given truck class (based
on a lookup table) must be explained.
Total truck count for each fleet cannot be zero.
Total truck counts for each selected truck class (those with a check mark) cannot be
zero.
The number of trucks using any particular PM reduction strategy cannot be greater
than the number of trucks for the given class and model year.
The sum of the trucks using either DOC or Particulate Matter Traps cannot be greater
than the number of trucks for the given class and model year.
If participating in the Port Dray Program, the sum of the trucks using either DOC/CCV,
Flow Through Filters, or Particulate Matter Traps cannot be greater than the number
of trucks for the given class and model year.
If user indicates that the company uses PM reduction equipment, there must be at
least one truck included on the PM Reduction sub-tab.
User must provide a Data Source for the information entered on the calculators.
The sum of the total miles or total trucks entered in the calculator must equal the
number entered on the Activity Information screen.
The calculated average cannot be equal to zero.
31
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Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
Payload & Volume
Calculators
For percentages, the total must equal 100%.
For each body type for which some information has been entered, all of the visible
field must be completed (including the explanation field).
Zero is not a valid value for any payload or volume.
Values that are significantly outside the expected range for the given body type and
class must be explained.
The body types indicated in the Volume Calculator must agree with those used in the
Payload Calculator.
If "# of Vehicles in this class" is selected for both the Payload and Volume calculators
for a given truck class, the number of trucks entered into each calculator must agree.
If "# of miles in this class" is selected for both the Payload and Volume calculators for
a given truck class, the number of miles entered into each calculator must agree.
If "# of Trips done by this class" is selected for both the Payload and Volume
calculators for a given truck class, the number of trips entered into each calculator
must agree.
Also note that there is an implicit validation check on all numeric fields because
the system will not accept any non-numeric characters (including minus signs)
within these fields.
Additional, rigorous validity checks of key data inputs are also needed to ensure
the overall quality of the performance metrics calculated by the Truck Tool.
Validity checks serve three purposes to this end. First, unusually high or low
values can be identified and flagged for the user's attention before finalizing
inputs. For example, a user may misplace a decimal, inadvertently add an extra
zero, or utilize the wrong units (e.g. reporting pounds instead of tons for payload)
upon data entry. By comparing these data entries to reliable industry averages
and distributions, these values can be flagged allowing users to quickly correct
such errors.
Second, under certain circumstances Partners may operate their fleets under
atypical conditions, resulting in extreme (outlier) data values. For example,
permitted heavy-haul operations may routinely exceed industry-average payload
values by 10 or more tons. By flagging such data entries Partners have the
opportunity to provide additional information regarding their unique operating
conditions through use of the Truck Tool comment fields.
Finally, independent criteria can be established to ensure that data inputs are
never allowed to exceed certain physically-constrained absolute limits. For
example, a truck cannot exceed roughly 500,000 miles per year, even with dual
drivers and minimal maintenance time, simply due to the available hours per year
and highway speed limits. Data values above these absolute maximum levels
32
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are not allowed by the Truck Tool, and users are required to modify the
associated inputs before proceeding.
Several parameters were identified for detailed validity checks of data inputs.
The data sources and validation rules associated with each of these parameters
is discussed below.
Annual Miles per Truck
Appendix C presents a number of parameter distributions compiled from draft
SmartWay partner submissions of their 2008 fleet files, including annual miles
per truck by vehicle class.27 As seen in the histograms, the class 2b through
class 7 distributions are highly skewed toward relatively low mileage rates. On
the other hand, the class 8b mileage data appears to resemble a normal
distribution centered at approximately 100,000 miles per year. (Class 8a
vehicles present a much less "organized" distribution, with substantial spread
over a very large range of values.) As such, it was decided to implement a 2-
tiered warning system, applying the following rules:
• For class 2b through 7 vehicles, raise a warning flag if annual
mileage is > 125,000 miles per year;
• For class 8a/b vehicles, flag if mileage is > 200,000 miles per year;
• For all classes, do not allow mileage values greater than 500,000
miles per year.
Finally, a lower-bound value of 12,000 miles per year per truck was instituted
across all vehicle classes as warning requiring text explanation.
Revenue and Empty Miles
In addition to the logical relation checks (e.g., revenue miles are less than or
equal to total miles - see Table 7), additional validation cutoffs were developed.
Based on the 2010 Truck Partner data very distinct low population "tails" were
identified in the revenue and empty mile distributions. Specifically, revenue miles
were less than 50% of total miles for only 105 fleets out of 5,821. Similarly,
empty miles were greater than 50% of total miles for only 60 fleets out of 5,821.
In addition, both the revenue and empty mile distributions featured significant
"spikes" at the 50% of total miles mark. Accordingly, validation checks were set
at the 50% mark (below for revenue miles, above for empty miles) in order to flag
potential outliers.
27 Note that this data was collected before implementing rigorous validation routines. As such it
may contain inaccurate/erroneous data points. However, the data provides a reasonable "first
cut" at establishing warning levels for Partners to confirm or modify their data inputs.
33
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Average Miles per Gallon
The distribution of diesel mpg values for SmartWay partners (based on draft
2008 data) is shown in Appendix C by vehicle class. The mpg values for class 6
and larger vehicles appear to be roughly normally distributed, while the
distributions for the smaller vehicles do not appear to follow a clear pattern.28 In
order to remove potentially erroneous values from the data, the top and bottom
5% of mpg values were dropped from the distributions, and averages and
standard deviations were calculated for the remaining data. This process
preferentially removed high end values from the original distributions, thereby
lowering both sample averages and standard deviations. The resulting values
are presented in Table 8. These values were used to develop five ranges for
validation of class-level mpg estimates based on standard deviations, similar to
the ranges developed for average payload described above.
Average Payload
As summarized in Table 4 above, the VIUS data was used to develop default
payload ranges for different common body types, by truck class. Ranges are
centered around the average payload value, with boundaries at one and two
times the standard deviation of the payload distribution. While the tool will flag
any payload input more than one standard deviation from the average value, and
requires an explanation for such values, the tool will allow any non-zero payload
to be entered.
Average Capacity Volume
As discussed in Section 3.3, data regarding straight truck capacity volumes was
extremely limited. As such, it was not possible to develop distributional estimates
for this parameter. Accordingly, a simple validation criteria was implemented,
applying a "yellow flag" to data entries differing from the default value for a given
body type by +/- 25%, and a "red flag" to values greater than 50%.29
% Capacity Volume
A "yellow" warning is initiated for capacity volumes less than 45%, and a "red"
warning for capacity volumes less than 25%.
Average Annual Idle Hours per Truck
A "red" warning is initiated for average idle hours less than 50 or greater than
2,900, while a "yellow" warning is initiated for hours between 50 and 260, or
between 2,100 and 2,900.
28 The smaller vehicle class distributions also have substantially smaller sample sizes, increasing their
associated uncertainty.
29 For this parameter "red flag" warnings simply note that the associated value is far from the typical value
for that body type/class (also referred to as Level 1 warnings on the Truck Tool Out of Range Report),
while "yellow flag" warnings note that the value is somewhat larger/smaller than anticipated (Level 2
warning in the Out of Range Report). Explanations are not requested for yellow flag warnings.
34
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Table 8. SmartWay Partner Average MPG, Standard Deviation, and Validation Ranges for Diesel Vehicles
(2008 Data Submittal)
Class
2b
3
4
5
6
7
8a
8b
Ave
11.68
9.11
10.04
8.13
7.59
7.37
5.98
5.86
Std dev
4.01
3.63
2.53
2.72
1.38
1.57
0.69
0.51
Range
1
min
>0.00
>0.00
>0.00
>0.00
>0.00
>0.00
>0.00
>0.00
max
3.66
1.85
4.98
2.69
4.83
4.23
4.60
4.84
2
min
3.66
1.85
4.98
2.69
4.83
4.23
4.60
4.84
max
7.67
5.48
7.51
5.41
6.21
5.80
5.29
5.35
3
min
7.67
5.48
7.51
5.41
6.21
5.80
5.29
5.35
max
15.69
12.74
12.57
10.85
8.97
8.94
6.67
6.37
4
min
15.69
12.74
12.57
10.85
8.97
8.94
6.67
6.37
max
19.70
16.37
15.10
13.57
10.35
10.51
7.36
6.88
5
min
19.70
16.37
15.10
13.57
10.35
10.51
7.36
6.88
max*
—
-
-
—
—
-
—
-
*No maximum value - allows for inclusion of hybrid and other high-efficiency technologies, with proper explanatory text provided.
35
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Non-Diesel MPG Validation
The 2008 data submissions from SmartWay partners did not include enough
information on non-diesel trucks in order to develop a robust distribution of mpg
values for validation purposes. Accordingly, engineering judgment was used to
adjust the diesel mpg values for other fuel types, accounting for general, relative
vehicle and/or fuel efficiency differences. First, a ratio was developed for
adjusting diesel mpg values to comparable gasoline mpg values, based upon
simulated modeling performed by Argonne National Laboratory.30 The Argonne
data for gas and diesel trucks was based on PSAT simulations of a typical pickup
in the class 2b or class 3 range. The fuel consumption was reported for the same
truck equipped with both gasoline and diesel engines over the various EPA
emissions and fuel economy driving cycles. Using this data, a combined fuel
economy was calculated using the method from EPA's pre-2008 combined 2-
cycle fuel economy using the FTP and Highway cycles as given in 40 CFR Part
600. This method uses a weighted harmonic average of the two values, with the
FTP weighted at 55% and the Highway weighted at 45%.
The difference in the calculated combined fuel economies for the gas- and
diesel-powered model results showed that the diesel had a 25.9% greater fuel
economy than gasoline. These results are a direct volumetric comparison rather
than in terms of gasoline-equivalent gallons. As such, the diesel mpg ranges
shown in Table 8 above were divided by 1.259 to obtain comparable mpg ranges
for gasoline vehicles. Since CNG vehicle fuel consumption is reported in terms
of gasoline-equivalent gallons, the mpg validation ranges for CNG vehicles were
set equal to those for comparable gasoline vehicles.
Validation ranges for LPG and LNG vehicles were developed from the gasoline
ranges, dividing the gasoline values by the appropriate gasoline gallon-
equivalent factor for these fuels (1.35 for LPG and 1.52 for LNG),31 thereby
adjusting mpg values for volumetric energy density.
Delorme, A. et. al., Impact of Advanced Technologies on Medium-Duty Trucks Fuel Efficiency, Argonne
National Laboratory, 2010-01-1929.
31 https://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/prep/popups/gges.html
36
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4.0 Performance Metrics
The Truck Tool allows the user to calculate their emissions performance using a
number of different metrics, at different levels of aggregation. Available
performance metrics include:
• Grams per mile
• Grams per Payload Ton-Mile
• Grams per Thousand Cubic Foot-Miles
• Grams per Thousand Utilized Cubic Foot-Miles
The Internal Metrics report within the Truck Tool presents the results of 36
calculations (4x4x3 = 48), which represent the following four calculations for
each of the three pollutants (C02, NOx, PM10 and PM25) and for each of three
different mileage types (total, payload, and loaded). Note that all capitalized fields
represent fields in the user interface:
1. g/mile: £E / M
where E = Emissions, M = Miles Driven
2. g/avg payload ton-mile: £E / (M x AP)
where E = Emissions, M = Miles Driven, AP = Average Payload
3. g/avg cubic foot volume: £E / (M x ACV)
where E = Emissions, M = Miles Driven, ACV = Average Capacity
Volume
4. g/avg utilized cubic foot: £E / (M x ACV) / CU
where E = Emissions, M = Miles Driven, ACV = Average Capacity
Volume, CU = % Cube Utilization
For all four calculations:
Emissions = grams of pollutant (as specified above)
Miles Driven = Total Miles, Payload Miles, or Loaded Miles (Total Miles
minus Empty Miles)
As shown in the equations above, summations are performed for the different
metrics. Each of the metrics is automatically aggregated across model years (for
NOx and PM) for all reporting purposes. Additional aggregation may be
reported across truck classes, fuel types, divisions, and at the company level, as
specified by the user.
4.1 Upcoming Functionality
Future versions of the Truck Tool will contain additional functionality to allow
Partners to track their performance from year to year, as well as to compare their
performance with other Partners.
37
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5.0 Port Dray Program Inputs and Calculations
Those fleets with 75% or more of their operation in the Dray Operation Type
category are eligible to participate in SmartWay's Port Drayage Program. This
voluntary program recognizes Partners for reducing diesel emissions from port
drayage trucks. Participating partners must provide information on their drayage
fleet's model year distribution, use of PM control equipment, auxiliary power units
(APUs), SmartWay tires, and LNG trucks in order to obtain an Environmental
Performance Rating for the program.
The following summarizes the calculations used in the Truck Tool to calculate
Port Dray Program Environmental Performance Rating.
Baseline CO2 Emissions from Average Dray Truck Fleet
To calculate baseline C02 emissions from the average dray truck fleet, the total
number of trucks within a single model year group, as supplied by the user, is
multiplied by an average model year distribution factor, as seen in Table 9.
Table 1. Average Model Year Distribution Factors by Model Year Group
Model Year Group
Pre-1988
1988-1993
1994-2002
2003 - 2006
2007 - 2009
Post 2009
Average Model Year Distribution Factor
0.061
0.190
0.632
0.083
0.033
0.000
Then, the fuel consumption is calculated by dividing the average miles per truck,
also supplied by the user, by an assumed 5.47 miles per gallon.32 This
calculated fuel consumption is then multiplied by the C02 emission factor of
0.01015. C02 emissions across all model year groups are summed to obtain the
total baseline C02 emissions.
Untreated and Controlled CO2 Emissions
To calculate C02 emissions from untreated trucks (e.g., without PM retrofits), as
well as trucks with diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs), closed crankcase
32 This and other calculation elements used to derive the Dray Program Environmental Performance Score
are completely independent of the performance metric calculations in other portions of the Truck Tool. For
example, the truck fleet gram per mile and gram per ton-mile performance metrics are calculated using the
fleet's actual fuel efficiency, not the 5.47 value used for the Dray Program calculations.
38
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ventilation (CCVs), flow through filters, and diesel participate filters in the fleet,
the fuel consumption is calculated by dividing the average miles per truck,
supplied by the user, by the assumed value of 5.47 miles per gallon. This
calculated fuel consumption is then multiplied by the C02 emission factor of
0.01015. C02 emissions across all model year bins are summed to obtain the
total untreated plus controlled vehicle C02 emissions.
Baseline PM Emissions from Average Dray Truck Fleet
To calculate baseline PM emissions from the average dray truck fleet, the total
number of trucks within a single model year group, as supplied by the user, is
multiplied by an average model year distribution factor, as shown in Table 9. The
resulting value is then multiplied by the average miles per truck, as supplied by
the user, as well as the specified PM emission factor, as shown in Table 10. PM
emissions across all model year bins are summed to obtain the total baseline PM
emissions.
Table 10. PM Emission Factors by Model Year Group
Model Year Group
Pre '88
88-93
94-02
03-'06
07-09
post 2009
PM Emission Factor
3.428E-06
2.535E-06
1.157E-06
6.834E-07
9.921E-08
7.716E-08
PM Emissions from Untreated Trucks
To calculate PM emissions from untreated trucks, the total number of untreated
trucks within a single model year bin, as supplied by the user, is multiplied by the
average miles per truck, also supplied by the user, as well as an appropriate PM
emission factor, as shown in Table 10. PM emissions across all model year
groups are summed to obtain the total PM emissions from untreated trucks within
the fleet.
PM Emissions from Controlled Trucks
To calculate PM emissions from controlled trucks, the total number of controlled
trucks within a single model year group, as supplied by the user, is multiplied by
the average miles per truck, also supplied by the user, as well as an appropriate
PM emission factor, as shown in Table 10. This value is then multiplied by a
control factor, as shown in Table 11. PM emissions across all model year groups
39
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are summed to obtain the total PM emissions from untreated trucks within the
fleet.
Table 11. PM Control Factors by Control Type
Control Type
DOC & CCVs
Flow Through Filter
Diesel Particulate
PM Control Factor
70%
50%
10%
Baseline NOX Emissions from Average Dray Truck Fleet
To calculate baseline NOX emissions from the average dray truck fleet, the total
number of trucks within a single model year group, as supplied by the user, is
multiplied by an average model year distribution factor, as seen in Table 9. The
resulting value is then multiplied by the average miles per truck, as supplied by
the user, as well as an appropriate NOX emission factor, as shown in Table 12.
NOX emissions across all model year groups are summed to obtain the total
baseline NOX emissions.
Table 12. NOX Emission Factors by Model Year Group
Model Year Group
Pre '88
88-'93
94-'02
03-06
07-'09
post 2009
PM Emission Factor
2.65E-05
2.51 E-05
2.38E-05
1 .68E-05
1.01 E-05
3E-06
NOX Emissions from Untreated and Controlled Trucks
To calculate NOX emissions from untreated trucks, the total number of untreated
trucks within a single model year group, as supplied by the user, is multiplied by
the average miles per truck, also supplied by the user, as well as an appropriate
NOX emission factor, as seen in Table 12. NOX emissions across all model year
groups are summed to obtain the total NOX emissions from untreated trucks
within the fleet.
Reductions in CO2 Emissions from Auxiliary Power Units (APUs),
SmartWay Approved Tires, and LNG Vehicles
40
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The user-supplied number of vehicles with each control is divided by the total
number of trucks in the fleet and multiplied by a control factor, as shown in Table
13.
41
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Table 13. Control Strategy Control Factors
Control Type
APUs
SmartWay Tires
LNG
PM Control Factor
11%
2%
21%
The reductions are then summed across all control types and multiplied by the
sum of C02 emissions for untreated trucks, and trucks with DOCs & CCVs, flow
through filters, and diesel particulate traps installed. This value is then multiplied
by -1 to indicate a reduction in emissions.
Reductions in PM Emissions from Auxiliary Power Units (APUs)
The user-supplied number of trucks with APUs installed is divided by the total
number of trucks in the fleet and multiplied by a control factor of 8%. The
reductions are then multiplied by the sum of PM emissions for untreated trucks,
and trucks with DOCs & CCVs, flow through filters, and diesel particulate traps
installed. This value is then multiplied by -1 to indicate a reduction in emissions.
Reductions in NOX Emissions from Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) and
SmartWay Tires
The user-supplied number of trucks with APUs and SmartWay Tires installed is
divided by the total number of trucks in the fleet and multiplied by a control factor
of 11 % and 2% for APUs and SmartWay tires, respectively. The reductions are
then multiplied by the sum of NOX emissions for untreated trucks, and trucks with
DOCs & CCVs, flow through filters, and diesel particulate traps installed. This
value is then multiplied by -1 to indicate a reduction in emissions.
Total Fleet Emissions
The total fleet emissions are calculated by subtracting the reductions that were
calculated for each pollutant from the sum of the emissions, by pollutant, for
untreated trucks and trucks equipped with DOCs & CCVs, flow through filters,
and diesel particulate traps.
Change in Emissions from Baseline
Total fleet emissions are subtracted from the baseline emissions for each
pollutant to determine the change in emissions from baseline.
42
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Percent Change in Emissions
The change in emissions from baseline is divided by the baseline emissions, by
pollutant.
Fleet Composite Score and Environmental Performance Rating
The fleet composite score determines the dray fleet's Environmental
Performance Rating, which is used by shippers to assess their status in the Port
Dray Program. The fleet composite score is determined by the formula:
[C02 '5-is Change in Emissions . NOX % Change in Emissions , PM % Change IK Emissions-,
f~ h 1 * —XUO
40 80 ' SO J
The Environmental Performance Rating is assigned based on the value of the
fleet composite score, as shown in Table 14.
Table 14. Environmental Performance Rating Assignments
Fleet Composite Score
<0.05
>0.05 and <0.499
>0.499and £1.00
>1.00and <1.8
>1.8
Environmental
Performance Rating
No Rating
Average
Good
Very Good
Outstanding
Appendix E shows a detailed breakdown of all equations in EPA's Drayage
Calculator, which is used as the basis of the drayage calculations within the
SmartWay Truck Tool.
43
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Appendix A: MOVES2010a NOx/PM25 Emission Factors (g/mi)
-------
Year&
Class
1987-2b
1987-3
1987-4
1987-5
1987-6
1987-7
1987-8a
1987-8b
1988-2b
1988-3
1988-4
1988-5
1988-6
1988-7
1988-8a
1988-8b
1989-2b
1989-3
1989-4
1989-5
1989-6
1989-7
1989-8a
1989-8b
1990-2b
1990-3
1990-4
1990-5
1990-6
1990-7
1990-8a
1990-8b
1991-2b
1991-3
1991-4
1991-5
1991-6
1991-7
1991-8a
1991-8b
1992-2b
1992-3
1992-4
Diesel
NOx
Decel
2.642
2.641
2.646
2.635
2.583
2.439
2.322
2.221
2.156
2.619
2.645
2.594
2.579
2.522
2.363
2.207
2.318
2.579
2.645
2.610
2.566
2.570
2.408
2.200
2.018
2.062
2.041
2.030
1.967
1.962
1.788
1.672
1.708
1.867
1.762
1.800
1.811
1.748
1.596
1.521
1.659
1.803
1.871
Diesel
NOx
Oto25
29.260
29.301
29.264
29.501
31.738
37.330
40.928
44.184
21.847
30.182
29.223
31.309
31.933
34.214
39.722
44.835
28.029
28.31 1
29.210
30.602
32.477
32.365
38.358
45.012
14.957
19.687
22.499
22.989
25.657
25.827
31.899
35.466
12.618
20.777
25.180
17.146
23.247
25.572
30.305
32.742
11.160
18.332
20.655
Diesel
NOx
25 to 50
40.441
40.532
40.787
41 .049
45.322
56.680
64.530
71 .869
27.128
42.195
40.600
44.460
45.691
50.303
62.063
73.611
37.456
38.436
40.562
43.039
46.755
46.623
59.062
74.008
18.846
25.726
31 .032
32.020
37.245
37.598
50.633
58.824
15.934
29.249
38.109
22.502
34.228
39.071
49.665
55.468
14.168
24.394
28.975
Diesel
NOx
50 +
9.854
9.912
9.927
10.211
12.755
19.430
24.070
28.178
7.288
10.902
9.852
12.217
12.924
15.652
22.488
28.908
11.360
9.422
9.834
11.383
13.551
13.399
20.690
29.147
5.616
7.022
7.482
8.061
11.138
11.369
18.880
23.467
4.803
7.107
12.253
6.111
9.956
12.802
18.882
21.949
4.430
6.235
6.933
Diesel
NOx
Highway
16.545
16.609
17.485
17.140
22.423
31.999
36.168
39.257
12.595
18.984
17.193
21.752
22.949
27.269
34.924
39.944
21.485
15.976
17.158
20.150
24.120
23.889
33.334
40.077
8.869
12.114
12.750
14.055
19.741
20.028
28.332
31.508
7.601
11.934
21.193
10.432
17.756
21.746
27.374
29.495
6.792
10.575
11.743
Diesel
PM2.5
Decel
0.066
0.066
0.061
0.065
0.071
0.086
0.099
0.112
0.086
0.066
0.060
0.068
0.071
0.077
0.098
0.124
0.084
0.066
0.060
0.065
0.071
0.072
0.091
0.122
0.099
0.084
0.061
0.062
0.072
0.072
0.098
0.117
0.231
0.060
0.083
0.164
0.073
0.085
0.118
0.143
0.238
0.124
0.063
Diesel
PM2.5
Oto25
1.534
1.539
1.345
1.518
1.836
2.532
3.004
3.460
1.033
1.173
1.197
1.243
1.256
1.370
1.621
1.866
1.242
1.142
1.210
1.230
1.310
1.304
1.583
1.892
1.040
1.147
1.181
1.217
1.372
1.383
1.764
2.008
0.678
1.096
1.468
0.911
1.305
1.500
1.902
2.116
0.594
0.957
1.074
Diesel
PM2.5
25 to 50
2.468
2.473
2.038
2.399
2.717
3.305
3.772
4.218
1.385
1.532
1.545
1.574
1.586
1.656
1.834
2.021
1.539
1.504
1.550
1.562
1.613
1.615
1.797
2.027
1.419
1.507
1.530
1.551
1.640
1.647
1.891
2.053
0.684
0.823
1.061
0.756
0.959
1.085
1.382
1.558
0.653
0.792
0.849
Diesel
PM2.5
50 +
0.849
0.851
0.693
0.823
0.927
1.110
1.262
1.410
0.335
0.418
0.437
0.428
0.427
0.438
0.466
0.500
0.387
0.412
0.441
0.431
0.436
0.438
0.462
0.499
0.308
0.376
0.432
0.436
0.442
0.443
0.473
0.496
0.138
0.218
0.341
0.167
0.289
0.351
0.508
0.612
0.132
0.215
0.248
Diesel
PM2.5
Highway
1.200
1.203
1.015
1.174
1.457
1.882
2.093
2.274
0.642
0.733
0.746
0.771
0.779
0.830
0.917
0.978
0.765
0.709
0.752
0.761
0.803
0.802
0.906
0.983
0.634
0.707
0.731
0.752
0.828
0.832
0.955
1.007
0.377
0.454
0.753
0.420
0.645
0.770
0.962
1.044
0.363
0.450
0.475
A-l
-------
Year&
Class
1992-5
1992-6
1992-7
1992-8a
1992-8b
1993-2b
1993-3
1993-4
1993-5
1993-6
1993-7
1993-8a
1993-8b
1994-2b
1994-3
1994-4
1994-5
1994-6
1994-7
1994-8a
1994-8b
1995-2b
1995-3
1995-4
1995-5
1995-6
1995-7
1995-8a
1995-8b
1996-2b
1996-3
1996-4
1996-5
1996-6
1996-7
1996-8a
1996-8b
1997-2b
1997-3
1997-4
1997-5
1997-6
1997-7
Diesel
NOx
Decel
1.869
1.814
1.778
1.600
1.520
1.750
1.827
1.859
1.876
1.828
1.803
1.606
1.528
1.700
1.776
1.878
1.876
1.846
1.789
1.604
1.536
1.677
1.838
1.830
1.851
1.820
1.779
1.593
1.536
1.678
1.852
1.862
1.826
1.822
1.775
1.608
1.543
1.527
1.731
1.886
1.873
1.840
1.808
Diesel
NOx
Oto25
20.757
23.077
24.540
30.569
32.862
14.084
19.455
21.591
20.804
22.891
23.876
30.584
33.023
12.840
12.890
20.693
20.826
22.107
24.469
30.687
32.833
10.479
19.511
19.874
21.989
23.207
24.823
31.053
32.875
12.215
19.727
21.934
21.361
23.669
25.314
30.966
33.058
8.912
18.720
20.751
21.445
22.792
24.108
Diesel
NOx
25 to 50
29.337
33.803
36.902
50.350
55.802
17.788
26.435
30.718
29.257
33.385
35.472
50.316
56.125
16.168
16.315
28.960
29.351
31 .846
36.709
50.535
55.679
13.470
26.564
27.185
31 .634
34.032
37.426
51 .452
55.817
15.335
26.724
31.107
29.904
34.758
38.104
50.779
55.730
1 1 .602
24.742
28.766
30.289
32.807
35.543
Diesel
NOx
50 +
7.105
9.755
11.505
19.038
22.075
5.118
6.549
7.914
7.059
9.469
10.644
19.027
22.168
4.813
4.898
6.892
7.098
8.575
11.326
19.148
21.895
4.330
6.624
7.131
8.425
9.855
11.784
19.603
21.932
4.672
6.675
8.222
8.368
10.242
12.298
19.340
22.005
3.871
6.947
6.863
7.705
9.226
10.783
Diesel
NOx
Highway
12.275
17.457
20.218
27.706
29.614
8.337
11.138
14.098
12.021
17.005
18.821
27.684
29.747
7.685
7.725
11.715
12.166
15.260
19.926
27.772
29.613
6.441
11.215
12.674
15.111
17.561
20.476
28.145
29.670
7.350
11.281
14.680
15.206
18.316
21.068
27.967
29.721
5.565
12.729
11.674
13.767
16.632
19.144
Diesel
PM2.5
Decel
0.060
0.073
0.080
0.123
0.143
0.215
0.092
0.065
0.060
0.071
0.076
0.121
0.142
0.168
0.177
0.098
0.097
0.107
0.129
0.201
0.238
0.174
0.113
0.119
0.106
0.117
0.132
0.212
0.243
0.163
0.111
0.105
0.117
0.122
0.133
0.204
0.235
0.163
0.126
0.097
0.100
0.113
0.127
Diesel
PM2.5
Oto25
1.080
1.281
1.406
1.929
2.129
0.748
1.015
1.153
1.085
1.260
1.345
1.919
2.134
1.412
1.454
1.618
1.672
1.738
1.876
2.268
2.406
1.330
1.589
1.624
1.745
1.789
1.889
2.260
2.384
1.371
1.606
1.718
1.753
1.827
1.940
2.284
2.439
1.201
1.595
1.663
1.756
1.782
1.852
Diesel
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.826
0.966
1.036
1.412
1.558
0.715
0.790
0.871
0.823
0.938
0.998
1.401
1.553
1.031
1.068
1.249
1.268
1.333
1.484
1.921
2.108
0.966
1.207
1.232
1.334
1.397
1.504
1.971
2.130
0.990
1.216
1.315
1.308
1.437
1.519
1.935
2.106
0.863
1.173
1.256
1.311
1.379
1.468
Diesel
PM2.5
50 +
0.221
0.301
0.331
0.531
0.607
0.154
0.210
0.250
0.221
0.283
0.314
0.523
0.601
0.194
0.200
0.267
0.269
0.286
0.323
0.429
0.477
0.173
0.254
0.260
0.285
0.302
0.328
0.445
0.485
0.184
0.256
0.282
0.276
0.312
0.330
0.433
0.474
0.151
0.245
0.268
0.278
0.298
0.321
Diesel
PM2.5
Highway
0.462
0.644
0.724
0.980
1.043
0.396
0.443
0.532
0.456
0.621
0.683
0.975
1.043
0.521
0.530
0.623
0.642
0.711
0.824
1.018
1.067
0.473
0.608
0.644
0.710
0.763
0.834
1.028
1.070
0.496
0.612
0.696
0.712
0.789
0.850
1.026
1.073
0.425
0.638
0.628
0.686
0.744
0.805
A-2
-------
Year&
Class
1997-8a
1997-8b
1998-2b
1998-3
1998-4
1998-5
1998-6
1998-7
1998-8a
1998-8b
1999-2b
1999-3
1999-4
1999-5
1999-6
1999-7
1999-8a
1999-8b
2000-2b
2000-3
2000-4
2000-5
2000-6
2000-7
2000-8a
2000-8b
2001 -2b
2001-3
2001-4
2001-5
2001-6
2001-7
2001 -8a
2001 -8b
2002-2b
2002-3
2002-4
2002-5
2002-6
2002-7
2002-8a
2002-8b
2003-2b
Diesel
NOx
Decel
1.613
1.546
1.463
2.179
2.245
2.246
2.244
2.206
1.962
1.832
1.295
1.223
1.204
1.203
1.193
1.189
1.144
1.132
1.225
1.215
1.207
1.207
1.198
1.194
1.154
1.139
1.213
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.192
1.191
1.154
1.138
1.258
1.228
1.217
1.217
1.208
1.205
1.160
1.127
2.435
Diesel
NOx
Oto25
30.972
32.939
8.835
17.784
18.305
18.330
18.338
19.549
25.792
28.575
6.672
10.823
11.447
11.481
11.796
12.963
21.310
23.943
6.287
10.784
11.556
11.614
11.643
13.321
20.345
23.868
5.897
10.764
11.400
11.429
11.916
12.479
21.146
23.816
6.305
10.805
11.665
11.665
11.761
12.896
19.650
23.542
6.227
Diesel
NOx
25 to 50
50.746
55.414
11.211
24.142
25.209
25.323
25.297
27.595
40.449
46.717
8.795
12.620
13.458
13.511
14.013
15.699
28.873
33.438
8.335
12.548
13.614
13.706
13.794
16.221
27.212
33.270
8.030
12.519
13.400
13.444
14.198
14.985
28.571
33.172
8.434
12.574
13.743
13.743
13.932
15.571
26.118
32.766
9.628
Diesel
NOx
50 +
19.276
21.854
3.889
7.214
7.461
7.514
7.520
9.067
17.527
21.484
3.243
4.717
5.006
5.035
5.357
6.263
13.285
15.642
3.088
4.687
5.065
5.117
5.215
6.490
12.404
15.539
2.963
4.699
4.994
5.019
5.452
5.885
13.086
15.505
3.105
4.678
5.071
5.071
5.224
6.079
11.757
15.298
3.345
Diesel
NOx
Highway
27.963
29.61 1
5.609
10.721
11.011
11.217
11.110
14.350
24.142
26.719
4.263
6.466
6.789
6.823
7.693
9.576
18.207
19.909
4.047
6.443
6.866
6.926
7.302
10.085
17.517
19.906
3.824
6.444
6.768
6.796
7.956
8.852
18.167
19.860
4.051
6.454
6.895
6.895
7.315
9.316
16.955
19.629
4.197
Diesel
PM2.5
Decel
0.216
0.248
0.200
0.116
0.107
0.107
0.108
0.114
0.165
0.196
0.202
0.127
0.107
0.108
0.110
0.115
0.173
0.200
0.190
0.126
0.108
0.108
0.109
0.117
0.165
0.200
0.191
0.123
0.107
0.108
0.111
0.113
0.173
0.199
0.197
0.130
0.108
0.108
0.108
0.115
0.159
0.195
0.168
Diesel
PM2.5
Oto25
2.228
2.348
0.410
0.590
0.600
0.593
0.600
0.686
1.171
1.393
0.383
0.563
0.590
0.592
0.616
0.689
1.238
1.422
0.362
0.560
0.595
0.598
0.605
0.713
1.174
1.420
0.344
0.561
0.589
0.591
0.627
0.661
1.233
1.415
0.364
0.560
0.597
0.597
0.607
0.681
1.125
1.391
0.324
Diesel
PM2.5
25 to 50
1.983
2.146
0.389
0.671
0.694
0.679
0.692
0.742
1.087
1.254
0.360
0.612
0.667
0.669
0.679
0.730
1.137
1.283
0.339
0.608
0.674
0.677
0.675
0.752
1.089
1.287
0.322
0.607
0.663
0.665
0.685
0.709
1.137
1.281
0.342
0.608
0.684
0.684
0.685
0.735
1.052
1.252
0.304
Diesel
PM2.5
50 +
0.451
0.492
0.115
0.233
0.242
0.242
0.242
0.251
0.309
0.340
0.104
0.221
0.244
0.244
0.247
0.254
0.319
0.346
0.098
0.218
0.244
0.244
0.245
0.257
0.311
0.346
0.091
0.221
0.244
0.244
0.249
0.252
0.321
0.345
0.097
0.213
0.242
0.242
0.244
0.252
0.304
0.340
0.088
Diesel
PM2.5
Highway
1.026
1.068
0.258
0.348
0.353
0.351
0.353
0.405
0.586
0.636
0.243
0.335
0.348
0.349
0.367
0.407
0.603
0.646
0.231
0.333
0.350
0.351
0.359
0.422
0.588
0.649
0.221
0.333
0.348
0.348
0.374
0.393
0.607
0.647
0.233
0.333
0.351
0.351
0.359
0.404
0.574
0.636
0.207
A-3
-------
Year&
Class
2003-3
2003-4
2003-5
2003-6
2003-7
2003-8a
2003-8b
2004-2b
2004-3
2004-4
2004-5
2004-6
2004-7
2004-8a
2004-8b
2005-2b
2005-3
2005-4
2005-5
2005-6
2005-7
2005-8a
2005-8b
2006-2b
2006-3
2006-4
2006-5
2006-6
2006-7
2006-8a
2006-8b
2007-2b
2007-3
2007-4
2007-5
2007-6
2007-7
2007-8a
2007-8b
2008-2b
2008-3
2008-4
2008-5
Diesel
NOx
Decel
1.988
1.872
1.872
1.863
1.845
1.674
1.536
2.435
1.990
1.872
1.872
1.863
1.843
1.667
1.533
2.440
1.997
1.872
1.872
1.863
1.843
1.666
1.533
1.936
1.887
1.872
1.872
1.863
1.840
1.656
1.530
0.902
0.929
0.936
0.936
0.933
0.926
0.851
0.772
0.904
0.931
0.936
0.936
Diesel
NOx
Oto25
9.231
9.690
9.690
9.776
10.175
12.870
14.636
6.232
9.222
9.691
9.691
9.786
10.215
12.968
14.657
6.170
9.195
9.691
9.691
9.788
10.218
12.971
14.655
5.172
9.079
9.692
9.692
9.801
10.275
13.099
14.681
2.416
4.522
4.846
4.846
4.880
5.030
6.243
7.262
2.552
4.606
4.847
4.847
Diesel
NOx
25 to 50
10.576
10.787
10.787
10.920
1 1 .408
15.000
17.573
9.624
10.573
10.789
10.789
10.930
1 1 .458
15.138
17.604
9.619
10.563
10.790
10.790
10.932
1 1 .461
15.142
17.601
7.427
10.160
10.791
10.791
10.947
1 1 .533
15.323
17.640
3.456
5.037
5.396
5.396
5.448
5.631
7.231
8.700
3.532
5.127
5.397
5.397
Diesel
NOx
50 +
4.057
4.199
4.199
4.270
4.483
6.095
7.233
3.341
4.054
4.200
4.200
4.275
4.505
6.158
7.247
3.337
4.047
4.200
4.200
4.275
4.507
6.161
7.247
2.499
3.911
4.201
4.201
4.282
4.539
6.243
7.266
1.168
1.944
2.101
2.101
2.129
2.209
2.927
3.580
1.208
1.984
2.101
2.101
Diesel
NOx
Highway
5.233
5.385
5.385
5.554
6.135
8.669
9.647
4.195
5.230
5.386
5.386
5.566
6.188
8.733
9.656
4.180
5.222
5.387
5.387
5.567
6.191
8.734
9.655
3.270
5.109
5.387
5.387
5.586
6.267
8.815
9.666
1.535
2.543
2.694
2.694
2.760
2.984
4.201
4.797
1.601
2.583
2.694
2.694
Diesel
PM2.5
Decel
0.112
0.097
0.097
0.098
0.103
0.141
0.176
0.158
0.110
0.097
0.097
0.098
0.103
0.142
0.176
0.158
0.111
0.097
0.097
0.098
0.103
0.142
0.176
0.158
0.110
0.097
0.097
0.098
0.104
0.145
0.176
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.004
Diesel
PM2.5
Oto25
0.511
0.539
0.539
0.547
0.606
0.991
1.251
0.305
0.508
0.539
0.539
0.548
0.611
1.005
1.253
0.300
0.506
0.539
0.539
0.549
0.612
1.005
1.253
0.297
0.507
0.539
0.539
0.550
0.620
1.023
1.256
0.015
0.024
0.025
0.025
0.025
0.027
0.040
0.051
0.016
0.024
0.025
0.025
Diesel
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.560
0.617
0.617
0.617
0.657
0.931
1.126
0.290
0.556
0.617
0.617
0.618
0.661
0.942
1.128
0.286
0.553
0.617
0.617
0.619
0.662
0.942
1.128
0.282
0.554
0.617
0.617
0.620
0.667
0.955
1.130
0.020
0.030
0.032
0.032
0.032
0.035
0.061
0.085
0.020
0.030
0.032
0.032
Diesel
PM2.5
50 +
0.197
0.219
0.219
0.220
0.227
0.272
0.306
0.085
0.196
0.219
0.219
0.220
0.227
0.273
0.307
0.083
0.195
0.219
0.219
0.220
0.227
0.273
0.306
0.081
0.196
0.219
0.219
0.221
0.228
0.276
0.307
0.010
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.014
0.017
0.020
0.010
0.013
0.013
0.013
Diesel
PM2.5
Highway
0.303
0.317
0.317
0.323
0.359
0.511
0.573
0.193
0.301
0.317
0.317
0.324
0.363
0.515
0.573
0.190
0.300
0.317
0.317
0.324
0.363
0.515
0.573
0.188
0.300
0.317
0.317
0.325
0.367
0.520
0.574
0.011
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.018
0.027
0.031
0.011
0.015
0.016
0.016
A-4
-------
Year&
Class
2008-6
2008-7
2008-8a
2008-8b
2009-2b
2009-3
2009-4
2009-5
2009-6
2009-7
2009-8a
2009-8b
2010-2b
2010-3
2010-4
2010-5
2010-6
2010-7
2010-8a
2010-8b
2011-2b
2011-3
2011-4
2011-5
2011-6
2011-7
2011-8a
2011-8b
2012-2b
2012-3
2012-4
2012-5
2012-6
2012-7
2012-8a
2012-8b
Diesel
NOx
Decel
0.933
0.926
0.852
0.773
0.867
0.927
0.936
0.936
0.933
0.926
0.853
0.773
0.228
0.210
0.206
0.206
0.205
0.204
0.193
0.181
0.228
0.210
0.206
0.206
0.205
0.204
0.194
0.181
0.228
0.209
0.206
0.206
0.205
0.205
0.194
0.181
Diesel
NOx
Oto25
4.880
5.027
6.227
7.256
2.562
4.640
4.847
4.847
4.881
5.026
6.221
7.252
0.640
1.020
1.066
1.066
1.073
1.111
1.424
1.702
0.645
1.023
1.066
1.066
1.073
1.110
1.419
1.699
0.654
1.027
1.067
1.067
1.073
1.110
1.417
1.698
Diesel
NOx
25 to 50
5.448
5.627
7.209
8.691
3.447
5.154
5.397
5.397
5.448
5.625
7.200
8.686
0.911
1.146
1.187
1.187
1.197
1.243
1.647
2.037
0.913
1.148
1.187
1.187
1.197
1.242
1.640
2.034
0.918
1.152
1.187
1.187
1.197
1.241
1.637
2.032
Diesel
NOx
50 +
2.128
2.206
2.918
3.576
1.192
1.998
2.101
2.101
2.128
2.206
2.914
3.574
0.315
0.441
0.461
0.461
0.466
0.486
0.666
0.838
0.316
0.442
0.461
0.461
0.466
0.485
0.663
0.837
0.318
0.444
0.461
0.461
0.466
0.485
0.662
0.836
Diesel
NOx
Highway
2.759
2.978
4.189
4.794
1.593
2.597
2.695
2.695
2.759
2.976
4.184
4.792
0.408
0.572
0.591
0.591
0.606
0.660
0.967
1.127
0.411
0.573
0.592
0.592
0.605
0.659
0.963
1.126
0.415
0.575
0.592
0.592
0.605
0.658
0.962
1.125
Diesel
PM2.5
Decel
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
Diesel
PM2.5
Oto25
0.025
0.027
0.040
0.051
0.009
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.025
0.032
0.009
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.024
0.031
0.009
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.024
0.031
0.009
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.016
0.024
0.031
Diesel
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.032
0.035
0.061
0.085
0.011
0.019
0.020
0.020
0.020
0.022
0.038
0.054
0.011
0.018
0.019
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.037
0.053
0.011
0.018
0.019
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.037
0.052
0.011
0.018
0.019
0.019
0.020
0.021
0.037
0.052
Diesel
PM2.5
50 +
0.013
0.014
0.017
0.020
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.011
0.013
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.012
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.012
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.012
Diesel
PM2.5
Highway
0.016
0.018
0.027
0.031
0.006
0.009
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.011
0.017
0.020
0.006
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.016
0.020
0.006
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.016
0.020
0.006
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.016
0.020
Year&
Class
1987-2b
1987-3
Gasoline
NOx
Decel
0.246
0.287
Gasoline
NOx
Oto25
3.747
7.266
Gasoline
NOx
25 to 50
7.567
11.018
Gasoline
NOx
50 +
3.777
6.138
Gasoline
NOx
Highway
4.362
7.094
Gasoline
PM2.5
Decel
0.006
0.007
Gasoline
PM2.5
Oto25
0.050
0.061
Gasoline
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.082
0.040
Gasoline
PM2.5
50 +
0.054
0.062
Gasoline
PM2.5
Highway
0.055
0.054
A-5
-------
Year&
Class
1987-4
1987-5
1987-6
1987-7
1987-8a
1987-8b
1988-2b
1988-3
1988-4
1988-5
1988-6
1988-7
1988-8a
1988-8b
1989-2b
1989-3
1989-4
1989-5
1989-6
1989-7
1989-8a
1989-8b
1990-2b
1990-3
1990-4
1990-5
1990-6
1990-7
1990-8a
1990-8b
1991-2b
1991-3
1991-4
1991-5
1991-6
1991-7
1991-8a
1991-8b
1992-2b
1992-3
1992-4
1992-5
1992-6
Gasoline
NOx
Decel
0.285
0.294
0.297
0.307
0.311
0.311
0.246
0.287
0.285
0.294
0.297
0.307
0.311
0.311
0.246
0.286
0.285
0.302
0.295
0.300
0.424
0.424
0.154
0.150
0.149
0.154
0.155
0.163
0.232
0.232
0.158
0.150
0.149
0.151
0.153
0.152
0.163
0.163
0.139
0.149
0.149
0.148
0.149
Gasoline
NOx
Oto25
7.078
7.944
7.949
7.809
10.016
10.016
3.747
7.266
7.078
7.944
7.949
7.809
10.016
10.016
3.905
7.113
6.991
7.576
7.441
7.538
11.067
11.067
4.121
5.337
5.247
5.539
5.567
5.783
8.568
8.568
3.719
5.338
5.295
5.438
5.542
5.522
5.816
5.816
3.406
5.270
5.240
5.334
5.452
Gasoline
NOx
25 to 50
11.096
11.102
11.039
10.733
12.287
12.287
7.567
11.018
11.096
11.102
11.039
10.733
12.287
12.287
7.670
10.950
11.039
10.668
10.733
10.686
7.912
7.912
7.535
7.730
7.797
7.609
7.600
7.529
6.042
6.042
7.457
7.770
7.788
7.727
7.682
7.689
7.588
7.588
6.793
7.797
7.813
7.762
7.702
Gasoline
NOx
50 +
6.173
6.154
6.121
5.973
6.583
6.583
3.777
6.138
6.173
6.154
6.121
5.973
6.583
6.583
3.858
6.116
6.151
5.968
6.015
5.981
1.733
1.733
3.214
3.370
3.395
3.319
3.313
3.262
1.025
1.025
3.157
3.379
3.388
3.358
3.336
3.340
3.271
3.271
2.888
3.392
3.399
3.379
3.353
Gasoline
NOx
Highway
7.171
7.271
7.200
6.848
8.431
8.431
4.362
7.094
7.171
7.271
7.200
6.848
8.431
8.431
4.479
6.992
7.087
6.744
6.784
6.755
6.217
6.217
4.050
4.453
4.529
4.336
4.332
4.308
4.151
4.151
3.931
4.474
4.497
4.417
4.359
4.361
4.324
4.324
3.608
4.512
4.538
4.457
4.368
Gasoline
PM2.5
Decel
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
Gasoline
PM2.5
Oto25
0.061
0.062
0.061
0.060
0.063
0.063
0.050
0.061
0.061
0.062
0.061
0.060
0.063
0.063
0.050
0.061
0.061
0.060
0.061
0.060
0.041
0.041
0.016
0.013
0.014
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.008
0.008
0.069
0.075
0.074
0.075
0.075
0.075
0.075
0.075
0.052
0.056
0.056
0.057
0.057
Gasoline
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.040
0.042
0.041
0.039
0.052
0.052
0.082
0.040
0.040
0.042
0.041
0.039
0.052
0.052
0.081
0.039
0.039
0.038
0.039
0.038
0.016
0.016
0.070
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.010
0.010
0.046
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.035
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
Gasoline
PM2.5
50 +
0.062
0.061
0.060
0.060
0.058
0.058
0.054
0.062
0.062
0.061
0.060
0.060
0.058
0.058
0.054
0.062
0.062
0.060
0.061
0.060
0.010
0.010
0.054
0.039
0.039
0.038
0.038
0.037
0.006
0.006
0.021
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.016
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
Gasoline
PM2.5
Highway
0.055
0.054
0.053
0.052
0.055
0.055
0.055
0.054
0.055
0.054
0.053
0.052
0.055
0.055
0.055
0.054
0.054
0.052
0.053
0.052
0.044
0.044
0.054
0.035
0.036
0.034
0.034
0.033
0.028
0.028
0.032
0.028
0.029
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.027
0.027
0.024
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.021
A-6
-------
Year&
Class
1992-7
1992-8a
1992-8b
1993-2b
1993-3
1993-4
1993-5
1993-6
1993-7
1993-8a
1993-8b
1994-2b
1994-3
1994-4
1994-5
1994-6
1994-7
1994-8a
1994-8b
1995-2b
1995-3
1995-4
1995-5
1995-6
1995-7
1995-8a
1995-8b
1996-2b
1996-3
1996-4
1996-5
1996-6
1996-7
1996-8a
1996-8b
1997-2b
1997-3
1997-4
1997-5
1997-6
1997-7
1997-8a
1997-8b
Gasoline
NOx
Decel
0.149
0.149
0.149
0.140
0.150
0.149
0.154
0.153
0.160
0.163
0.163
0.116
0.146
0.146
0.148
0.148
0.156
0.227
0.227
0.115
0.146
0.146
0.147
0.152
0.151
0.227
0.227
0.099
0.146
0.146
0.146
0.147
0.150
0.227
0.227
0.096
0.146
0.146
0.146
0.147
0.150
0.227
0.227
Gasoline
NOx
Oto25
5.444
5.464
5.464
3.714
5.316
5.262
5.435
5.518
5.686
5.767
5.767
3.251
5.232
5.166
5.207
5.361
5.558
8.415
8.415
3.273
5.262
5.194
5.232
5.473
5.445
8.415
8.415
1.972
5.224
5.168
5.178
5.345
5.415
8.415
8.415
1.629
5.228
5.141
5.171
5.321
5.372
8.415
8.415
Gasoline
NOx
25 to 50
7.705
7.699
7.699
6.874
7.739
7.780
7.704
7.609
7.555
7.529
7.529
6.347
7.587
7.643
7.633
7.494
7.432
5.934
5.934
6.367
7.594
7.640
7.621
7.498
7.507
5.934
5.934
3.775
7.612
7.651
7.648
7.531
7.509
5.934
5.934
3.244
7.555
7.655
7.622
7.469
7.454
5.934
5.934
Gasoline
NOx
50 +
3.355
3.350
3.350
2.937
3.375
3.389
3.350
3.322
3.284
3.265
3.265
2.761
3.311
3.330
3.322
3.276
3.232
1.006
1.006
2.770
3.309
3.326
3.317
3.261
3.267
1.006
1.006
1.918
3.317
3.331
3.329
3.287
3.272
1.006
1.006
1.526
3.305
3.335
3.325
3.276
3.265
1.006
1.006
Gasoline
NOx
Highway
4.370
4.367
4.367
3.721
4.464
4.509
4.444
4.336
4.317
4.308
4.308
3.400
4.366
4.429
4.425
4.267
4.244
4.077
4.077
3.415
4.356
4.418
4.396
4.265
4.269
4.077
4.077
2.085
4.382
4.433
4.431
4.280
4.270
4.077
4.077
1.802
4.345
4.449
4.415
4.260
4.254
4.077
4.077
Gasoline
PM2.5
Decel
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
Gasoline
PM2.5
Oto25
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.053
0.056
0.056
0.056
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.012
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.014
0.014
0.015
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.015
0.015
0.011
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.012
0.009
0.009
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.004
0.004
Gasoline
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.033
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.039
0.042
0.043
0.042
0.042
0.041
0.021
0.021
0.035
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.006
0.006
0.043
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.008
0.008
0.028
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.004
0.004
Gasoline
PM2.5
50 +
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.016
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.068
0.115
0.115
0.114
0.115
0.113
0.025
0.025
0.019
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.016
0.017
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.001
0.001
0.017
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
Highway
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.024
0.022
0.022
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.039
0.056
0.056
0.056
0.056
0.054
0.040
0.040
0.025
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.018
0.019
0.015
0.015
0.019
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.014
0.012
0.012
0.018
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.015
0.015
0.012
0.012
A-7
-------
Year&
Class
1998-2b
1998-3
1998-4
1998-5
1998-6
1998-7
1998-8a
1998-8b
1999-2b
1999-3
1999-4
1999-5
1999-6
1999-7
1999-8a
1999-8b
2000-2b
2000-3
2000-4
2000-5
2000-6
2000-7
2000-8a
2000-8b
2001 -2b
2001-3
2001-4
2001-5
2001-6
2001-7
2001 -8a
2001 -8b
2002-2b
2002-3
2002-4
2002-5
2002-6
2002-7
2002-8a
2002-8b
2003-2b
2003-3
2003-4
Gasoline
NOx
Decel
0.128
0.291
0.290
0.291
0.292
0.294
0.404
0.404
0.135
0.290
0.290
0.290
0.291
0.291
0.292
0.292
0.130
0.290
0.290
0.290
0.291
0.291
0.291
0.291
0.094
0.304
0.304
0.305
0.305
0.306
0.306
0.306
0.078
0.304
0.304
0.305
0.305
0.305
0.306
0.306
0.081
0.304
0.304
Gasoline
NOx
Oto25
1.318
3.186
3.124
3.185
3.224
3.238
4.413
4.413
1.332
3.204
3.180
3.173
3.175
3.221
3.224
3.224
1.298
3.205
3.183
3.176
3.178
3.221
3.224
3.224
1.003
3.368
3.346
3.339
3.341
3.383
3.385
3.385
0.875
3.369
3.349
3.342
3.344
3.383
3.385
3.385
0.930
3.370
3.352
Gasoline
NOx
25 to 50
3.079
4.932
4.956
4.932
4.914
4.903
3.394
3.394
3.117
4.927
4.936
4.938
4.937
4.917
4.915
4.915
3.082
4.928
4.936
4.938
4.936
4.918
4.917
4.917
2.196
5.176
5.184
5.185
5.184
5.167
5.165
5.165
1.909
5.176
5.183
5.185
5.183
5.168
5.166
5.166
2.014
5.177
5.184
Gasoline
NOx
50 +
1.589
3.040
3.054
3.040
3.029
3.021
0.769
0.769
1.609
3.038
3.043
3.043
3.042
3.031
3.030
3.030
1.584
3.037
3.042
3.043
3.042
3.031
3.030
3.030
1.217
3.190
3.194
3.195
3.194
3.184
3.183
3.183
1.059
3.190
3.194
3.195
3.193
3.184
3.183
3.183
1.116
3.190
3.194
Gasoline
NOx
Highway
1.681
3.128
3.157
3.128
3.108
3.098
2.718
2.718
1.698
3.120
3.132
3.135
3.133
3.110
3.109
3.109
1.669
3.120
3.131
3.133
3.132
3.111
3.110
3.110
1.315
3.277
3.287
3.290
3.288
3.268
3.267
3.267
1.146
3.277
3.286
3.289
3.287
3.269
3.267
3.267
1.208
3.277
3.286
Gasoline
PM2.5
Decel
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
Gasoline
PM2.5
Oto25
0.008
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.026
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.005
0.005
0.025
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.023
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.023
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.015
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.017
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
50 +
0.010
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.002
0.002
0.005
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.006
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.004
Gasoline
PM2.5
Highway
0.014
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.010
0.008
0.008
0.014
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.014
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.008
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.009
0.006
0.006
A-8
-------
Year&
Class
2003-5
2003-6
2003-7
2003-8a
2003-8b
2004-2b
2004-3
2004-4
2004-5
2004-6
2004-7
2004-8a
2004-8b
2005-2b
2005-3
2005-4
2005-5
2005-6
2005-7
2005-8a
2005-8b
2006-2b
2006-3
2006-4
2006-5
2006-6
2006-7
2006-8a
2006-8b
2007-2b
2007-3
2007-4
2007-5
2007-6
2007-7
2007-8a
2007-8b
2008-2b
2008-3
2008-4
2008-5
2008-6
2008-7
Gasoline
NOx
Decel
0.305
0.305
0.305
0.306
0.306
0.063
0.296
0.296
0.296
0.296
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.055
0.296
0.296
0.296
0.296
0.296
0.297
0.297
0.042
0.240
0.240
0.240
0.240
0.240
0.240
0.240
0.041
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.043
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.238
0.238
Gasoline
NOx
Oto25
3.345
3.347
3.383
3.385
3.385
0.695
3.276
3.260
3.254
3.256
3.288
3.289
3.289
0.522
3.277
3.262
3.257
3.258
3.288
3.289
3.289
0.392
2.657
2.647
2.643
2.644
2.665
2.666
2.666
0.394
2.632
2.622
2.619
2.620
2.639
2.640
2.640
0.478
2.633
2.624
2.621
2.622
2.639
Gasoline
NOx
25 to 50
5.185
5.183
5.169
5.168
5.168
1.256
5.032
5.038
5.039
5.037
5.025
5.024
5.024
1.006
5.032
5.038
5.039
5.037
5.026
5.025
5.025
0.707
4.079
4.083
4.084
4.083
4.075
4.074
4.074
0.691
4.040
4.044
4.044
4.043
4.036
4.035
4.035
0.732
4.040
4.044
4.044
4.043
4.037
Gasoline
NOx
50 +
3.194
3.193
3.185
3.184
3.184
0.724
3.100
3.103
3.104
3.103
3.096
3.095
3.095
0.574
3.100
3.103
3.103
3.103
3.096
3.095
3.095
0.413
2.512
2.515
2.515
2.515
2.509
2.509
2.509
0.408
2.488
2.490
2.490
2.490
2.485
2.484
2.484
0.449
2.488
2.490
2.490
2.489
2.485
Gasoline
NOx
Highway
3.288
3.286
3.270
3.268
3.268
0.821
3.185
3.192
3.194
3.193
3.178
3.177
3.177
0.638
3.185
3.192
3.194
3.192
3.179
3.178
3.178
0.466
2.532
2.539
2.541
2.541
2.528
2.528
2.528
0.465
2.508
2.513
2.516
2.515
2.504
2.503
2.503
0.525
2.508
2.513
2.515
2.514
2.504
Gasoline
PM2.5
Decel
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
Gasoline
PM2.5
Oto25
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.014
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.014
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.012
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
50 +
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
Highway
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.007
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
A-9
-------
Year&
Class
2008-8a
2008-8b
2009-2b
2009-3
2009-4
2009-5
2009-6
2009-7
2009-8a
2009-8b
2010-2b
2010-3
2010-4
2010-5
2010-6
2010-7
2010-8a
2010-8b
2011-2b
2011-3
2011-4
2011-5
2011-6
2011-7
2011-8a
2011-8b
2012-2b
2012-3
2012-4
2012-5
2012-6
2012-7
2012-8a
2012-8b
Gasoline
NOx
Decel
0.238
0.238
0.046
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.042
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.043
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.238
0.238
0.043
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.237
0.238
0.238
Gasoline
NOx
Oto25
2.640
2.640
0.537
2.634
2.626
2.623
2.623
2.639
2.640
2.640
0.459
2.634
2.627
2.624
2.625
2.639
2.640
2.640
0.478
2.635
2.628
2.626
2.626
2.639
2.640
2.640
0.478
2.635
2.628
2.626
2.626
2.639
2.640
2.640
Gasoline
NOx
25 to 50
4.036
4.036
0.791
4.041
4.044
4.044
4.043
4.038
4.037
4.037
0.707
4.042
4.044
4.045
4.044
4.039
4.038
4.038
0.726
4.042
4.044
4.045
4.044
4.040
4.039
4.039
0.726
4.042
4.044
4.045
4.044
4.040
4.039
4.039
Gasoline
NOx
50 +
2.485
2.485
0.490
2.488
2.489
2.490
2.489
2.485
2.485
2.485
0.434
2.488
2.489
2.490
2.489
2.486
2.485
2.485
0.447
2.488
2.489
2.489
2.489
2.486
2.486
2.486
0.447
2.488
2.489
2.489
2.489
2.486
2.486
2.486
Gasoline
NOx
Highway
2.504
2.504
0.580
2.508
2.512
2.514
2.514
2.505
2.504
2.504
0.506
2.508
2.512
2.514
2.513
2.505
2.505
2.505
0.524
2.508
2.512
2.513
2.513
2.505
2.505
2.505
0.524
2.508
2.512
2.513
2.513
2.505
2.505
2.505
Gasoline
PM2.5
Decel
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
Gasoline
PM2.5
Oto25
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
50 +
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Gasoline
PM2.5
Highway
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Note - highlighted cells are set equal to the row above (MOVES does not provide
consistent outputs for Class 8b gasoline vehicles; therefore 8bs are set equal to
8as).
Year&
Class
1QP7 Oh
E10
NOx
Decel
0.268
E10
NOx
Oto25
4.087
E10
NOx
25 to 50
8.254
E10
NOx
50 +
4.120
E10
NOx
Highway
4.758
E10
PM2.5
Decel
0.006
E10
PM2.5
Oto25
0.050
E10
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.082
E10
PM2.5
50 +
0.054
E10
PM2.5
Highway
0.055
A-10
-------
Year&
Class
1987-3
1987-4
1987-5
1987-6
1987-7
1987-8a
1987-8b
1988-2b
1988-3
1988-4
1988-5
1988-6
1988-7
1988-8a
1988-8b
1989-2b
1989-3
1989-4
1989-5
1989-6
1989-7
1989-8a
1989-8b
1990-2b
1990-3
1990-4
1990-5
1990-6
1990-7
1990-8a
1990-8b
1991-2b
1991-3
1991-4
1991-5
1991-6
1991-7
1991-8a
1991-8b
1992-2b
1992-3
1992-4
1992-5
E10
NOx
Decel
0.313
0.310
0.321
0.324
0.334
0.340
0.340
0.268
0.313
0.310
0.321
0.324
0.334
0.340
0.340
0.268
0.312
0.311
0.329
0.321
0.327
0.462
0.462
0.168
0.163
0.163
0.168
0.169
0.178
0.253
0.253
0.172
0.163
0.162
0.165
0.166
0.165
0.178
0.178
0.152
0.162
0.162
0.162
E10
NOx
Oto25
7.925
7.720
8.665
8.670
8.518
10.924
10.924
4.087
7.925
7.720
8.665
8.670
8.518
10.924
10.924
4.259
7.758
7.625
8.263
8.116
8.222
12.071
12.071
4.495
5.821
5.723
6.041
6.072
6.308
9.346
9.346
4.057
5.823
5.776
5.932
6.045
6.023
6.344
6.344
3.715
5.748
5.715
5.818
E10
NOx
25 to 50
12.018
12.102
12.109
12.041
1 1 .706
13.402
13.402
8.254
12.018
12.102
12.109
12.041
1 1 .706
13.402
13.402
8.366
1 1 .943
12.040
1 1 .636
1 1 .707
1 1 .656
8.630
8.630
8.218
8.431
8.505
8.299
8.289
8.212
6.590
6.590
8.134
8.475
8.495
8.428
8.379
8.386
8.277
8.277
7.409
8.504
8.522
8.467
E10
NOx
50 +
6.695
6.733
6.712
6.676
6.515
7.180
7.180
4.120
6.695
6.733
6.712
6.676
6.515
7.180
7.180
4.208
6.671
6.709
6.509
6.561
6.524
1.890
1.890
3.506
3.676
3.703
3.620
3.613
3.558
1.118
1.118
3.444
3.685
3.695
3.662
3.638
3.643
3.568
3.568
3.150
3.700
3.707
3.685
E10
NOx
Highway
7.737
7.821
7.931
7.853
7.469
9.196
9.196
4.758
7.737
7.821
7.931
7.853
7.469
9.196
9.196
4.885
7.627
7.730
7.356
7.400
7.368
6.781
6.781
4.418
4.857
4.940
4.729
4.726
4.699
4.528
4.528
4.287
4.879
4.905
4.818
4.754
4.757
4.716
4.716
3.935
4.921
4.949
4.861
E10
PM2.5
Decel
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
E10
PM2.5
Oto25
0.062
0.062
0.062
0.062
0.060
0.063
0.063
0.050
0.062
0.062
0.062
0.062
0.060
0.063
0.063
0.051
0.062
0.062
0.060
0.061
0.061
0.042
0.042
0.016
0.014
0.014
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.008
0.008
0.069
0.075
0.075
0.075
0.076
0.076
0.075
0.075
0.052
0.057
0.056
0.057
E10
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.040
0.040
0.042
0.041
0.039
0.052
0.052
0.082
0.040
0.040
0.042
0.041
0.039
0.052
0.052
0.081
0.039
0.040
0.038
0.039
0.039
0.016
0.016
0.071
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.010
0.010
0.046
0.019
0.020
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.035
0.015
0.015
0.015
E10
PM2.5
50 +
0.062
0.062
0.061
0.061
0.060
0.058
0.058
0.054
0.062
0.062
0.061
0.061
0.060
0.058
0.058
0.055
0.062
0.062
0.061
0.061
0.061
0.010
0.010
0.054
0.039
0.039
0.038
0.038
0.037
0.006
0.006
0.021
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.016
0.013
0.013
0.013
E10
PM2.5
Highway
0.054
0.055
0.054
0.053
0.052
0.055
0.055
0.055
0.054
0.055
0.054
0.053
0.052
0.055
0.055
0.055
0.054
0.055
0.052
0.053
0.052
0.044
0.044
0.054
0.035
0.036
0.034
0.034
0.033
0.028
0.028
0.032
0.029
0.029
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.027
0.027
0.025
0.022
0.022
0.022
A-ll
-------
Year&
Class
1992-6
1992-7
1992-8a
1992-8b
1993-2b
1993-3
1993-4
1993-5
1993-6
1993-7
1993-8a
1993-8b
1994-2b
1994-3
1994-4
1994-5
1994-6
1994-7
1994-8a
1994-8b
1995-2b
1995-3
1995-4
1995-5
1995-6
1995-7
1995-8a
1995-8b
1996-2b
1996-3
1996-4
1996-5
1996-6
1996-7
1996-8a
1996-8b
1997-2b
1997-3
1997-4
1997-5
1997-6
1997-7
1997-8a
E10
NOx
Decel
0.162
0.162
0.163
0.163
0.153
0.163
0.162
0.168
0.167
0.174
0.178
0.178
0.126
0.160
0.159
0.161
0.162
0.170
0.248
0.248
0.125
0.160
0.160
0.161
0.166
0.164
0.248
0.248
0.108
0.159
0.159
0.160
0.160
0.163
0.248
0.248
0.105
0.160
0.159
0.159
0.161
0.163
0.248
E10
NOx
Oto25
5.947
5.938
5.960
5.960
4.051
5.799
5.739
5.928
6.019
6.202
6.290
6.290
3.546
5.707
5.634
5.680
5.847
6.063
9.179
9.179
3.570
5.739
5.665
5.706
5.970
5.939
9.179
9.179
2.150
5.698
5.636
5.648
5.830
5.906
9.179
9.179
1.776
5.702
5.607
5.640
5.804
5.859
9.179
E10
NOx
25 to 50
8.401
8.404
8.397
8.397
7.498
8.441
8.486
8.403
8.299
8.241
8.212
8.212
6.923
8.275
8.336
8.325
8.174
8.106
6.472
6.472
6.944
8.283
8.333
8.312
8.178
8.188
6.472
6.472
4.118
8.302
8.345
8.342
8.214
8.190
6.472
6.472
3.538
8.241
8.350
8.314
8.147
8.130
6.472
E10
NOx
50 +
3.657
3.659
3.654
3.654
3.204
3.681
3.697
3.654
3.623
3.582
3.561
3.561
3.012
3.611
3.632
3.623
3.573
3.526
1.098
1.098
3.022
3.609
3.628
3.618
3.557
3.563
1.098
1.098
2.092
3.618
3.634
3.631
3.585
3.569
1.098
1.098
1.665
3.605
3.638
3.626
3.573
3.561
1.098
E10
NOx
Highway
4.765
4.766
4.763
4.763
4.058
4.869
4.918
4.848
4.730
4.709
4.699
4.699
3.709
4.762
4.831
4.826
4.655
4.629
4.447
4.447
3.724
4.752
4.819
4.795
4.652
4.656
4.447
4.447
2.275
4.779
4.835
4.834
4.668
4.658
4.447
4.447
1.966
4.739
4.853
4.815
4.647
4.640
4.447
E10
PM2.5
Decel
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
E10
PM2.5
Oto25
0.058
0.058
0.058
0.058
0.053
0.057
0.056
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.012
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.012
0.014
0.014
0.015
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.015
0.015
0.011
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.009
0.009
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.004
E10
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.033
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.039
0.042
0.043
0.043
0.042
0.041
0.021
0.021
0.035
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.006
0.006
0.043
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.008
0.008
0.028
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.004
E10
PM2.5
50 +
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.016
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.013
0.069
0.115
0.115
0.115
0.115
0.113
0.025
0.025
0.019
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.001
0.001
0.017
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.003
E10
PM2.5
Highway
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.024
0.022
0.022
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.021
0.039
0.056
0.056
0.056
0.056
0.054
0.040
0.040
0.025
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.019
0.015
0.015
0.019
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.014
0.012
0.012
0.018
0.015
0.016
0.016
0.015
0.015
0.012
A-12
-------
Year&
Class
1997-8b
1998-2b
1998-3
1998-4
1998-5
1998-6
1998-7
1998-8a
1998-8b
1999-2b
1999-3
1999-4
1999-5
1999-6
1999-7
1999-8a
1999-8b
2000-2b
2000-3
2000-4
2000-5
2000-6
2000-7
2000-8a
2000-8b
2001 -2b
2001-3
2001-4
2001-5
2001-6
2001-7
2001 -8a
2001 -8b
2002-2b
2002-3
2002-4
2002-5
2002-6
2002-7
2002-8a
2002-8b
2003-2b
2003-3
E10
NOx
Decel
0.248
0.139
0.317
0.317
0.317
0.318
0.321
0.441
0.441
0.147
0.316
0.316
0.317
0.317
0.318
0.318
0.318
0.142
0.316
0.316
0.317
0.317
0.317
0.318
0.318
0.102
0.332
0.332
0.332
0.333
0.333
0.334
0.334
0.085
0.332
0.332
0.332
0.333
0.333
0.333
0.333
0.088
0.332
E10
NOx
Oto25
9.179
1.437
3.475
3.407
3.474
3.516
3.532
4.814
4.814
1.453
3.495
3.469
3.461
3.463
3.514
3.516
3.516
1.416
3.496
3.472
3.464
3.466
3.513
3.516
3.516
1.094
3.673
3.650
3.642
3.644
3.690
3.692
3.692
0.955
3.674
3.653
3.645
3.647
3.690
3.692
3.692
1.014
3.676
E10
NOx
25 to 50
6.472
3.358
5.379
5.406
5.379
5.360
5.347
3.702
3.702
3.400
5.374
5.384
5.386
5.384
5.363
5.361
5.361
3.361
5.375
5.384
5.386
5.384
5.365
5.363
5.363
2.395
5.645
5.654
5.656
5.654
5.636
5.634
5.634
2.082
5.646
5.654
5.655
5.653
5.637
5.635
5.635
2.196
5.646
E10
NOx
50 +
1.098
1.733
3.316
3.331
3.316
3.304
3.296
0.839
0.839
1.755
3.313
3.319
3.320
3.318
3.306
3.305
3.305
1.728
3.313
3.318
3.319
3.318
3.307
3.305
3.305
1.327
3.479
3.484
3.485
3.484
3.473
3.472
3.472
1.155
3.479
3.484
3.484
3.483
3.473
3.472
3.472
1.217
3.479
E10
NOx
Highway
4.447
1.833
3.411
3.444
3.411
3.390
3.379
2.964
2.964
1.852
3.404
3.416
3.419
3.417
3.393
3.391
3.391
1.820
3.404
3.415
3.418
3.416
3.393
3.392
3.392
1.435
3.574
3.585
3.588
3.586
3.565
3.563
3.563
1.250
3.574
3.584
3.587
3.585
3.565
3.564
3.564
1.317
3.574
E10
PM2.5
Decel
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
E10
PM2.5
Oto25
0.004
0.008
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.003
E10
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.004
0.026
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.005
0.005
0.025
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.023
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.023
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.015
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.017
0.003
E10
PM2.5
50 +
0.003
0.010
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.002
0.002
0.005
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.006
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
E10
PM2.5
Highway
0.012
0.014
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.008
0.008
0.014
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.014
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.008
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.009
0.006
A-13
-------
Year&
Class
2003-4
2003-5
2003-6
2003-7
2003-8a
2003-8b
2004-2b
2004-3
2004-4
2004-5
2004-6
2004-7
2004-8a
2004-8b
2005-2b
2005-3
2005-4
2005-5
2005-6
2005-7
2005-8a
2005-8b
2006-2b
2006-3
2006-4
2006-5
2006-6
2006-7
2006-8a
2006-8b
2007-2b
2007-3
2007-4
2007-5
2007-6
2007-7
2007-8a
2007-8b
2008-2b
2008-3
2008-4
2008-5
2008-6
E10
NOx
Decel
0.332
0.332
0.333
0.333
0.333
0.333
0.064
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.298
0.298
0.298
0.298
0.055
0.297
0.297
0.297
0.298
0.298
0.298
0.298
0.042
0.241
0.241
0.241
0.241
0.241
0.241
0.241
0.042
0.238
0.238
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.043
0.238
0.238
0.239
0.239
E10
NOx
Oto25
3.656
3.648
3.650
3.690
3.692
3.692
0.698
3.292
3.276
3.270
3.271
3.304
3.305
3.305
0.525
3.293
3.278
3.273
3.274
3.304
3.305
3.305
0.394
2.670
2.659
2.655
2.656
2.678
2.679
2.679
0.396
2.645
2.635
2.631
2.632
2.652
2.653
2.653
0.481
2.646
2.637
2.633
2.634
E10
NOx
25 to 50
5.654
5.655
5.653
5.638
5.637
5.637
1.263
5.056
5.062
5.063
5.061
5.049
5.048
5.048
1.011
5.057
5.062
5.063
5.062
5.051
5.049
5.049
0.710
4.099
4.103
4.104
4.103
4.095
4.094
4.094
0.694
4.059
4.063
4.064
4.063
4.056
4.055
4.055
0.736
4.060
4.063
4.064
4.063
E10
NOx
50 +
3.483
3.484
3.483
3.474
3.472
3.472
0.728
3.115
3.118
3.119
3.118
3.110
3.110
3.110
0.576
3.115
3.118
3.118
3.118
3.111
3.110
3.110
0.415
2.524
2.527
2.527
2.527
2.521
2.521
2.521
0.410
2.500
2.502
2.502
2.502
2.497
2.496
2.496
0.451
2.500
2.502
2.502
2.501
E10
NOx
Highway
3.584
3.586
3.585
3.566
3.565
3.565
0.825
3.200
3.208
3.210
3.208
3.194
3.192
3.192
0.641
3.200
3.207
3.209
3.208
3.194
3.193
3.193
0.468
2.545
2.551
2.554
2.553
2.540
2.540
2.540
0.467
2.520
2.526
2.528
2.527
2.516
2.515
2.515
0.527
2.520
2.525
2.527
2.526
E10
PM2.5
Decel
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
E10
PM2.5
Oto25
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
E10
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.014
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.014
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.013
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.012
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
E10
PM2.5
50 +
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
E10
PM2.5
Highway
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.007
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
A-14
-------
Year&
Class
2008-7
2008-8a
2008-8b
2009-2b
2009-3
2009-4
2009-5
2009-6
2009-7
2009-8a
2009-8b
2010-2b
2010-3
2010-4
2010-5
2010-6
2010-7
2010-8a
2010-8b
2011-2b
2011-3
2011-4
2011-5
2011-6
2011-7
2011-8a
2011-8b
2012-2b
2012-3
2012-4
2012-5
2012-6
2012-7
2012-8a
2012-8b
E10
NOx
Decel
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.047
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.043
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.044
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.044
0.238
0.238
0.238
0.239
0.239
0.239
0.239
E10
NOx
Oto25
2.652
2.652
2.652
0.540
2.646
2.638
2.635
2.636
2.652
2.653
2.653
0.462
2.647
2.640
2.637
2.638
2.652
2.653
2.653
0.481
2.648
2.641
2.638
2.639
2.652
2.653
2.653
0.481
2.648
2.641
2.638
2.639
2.652
2.653
2.653
E10
NOx
25 to 50
4.056
4.056
4.056
0.794
4.060
4.063
4.064
4.063
4.057
4.057
4.057
0.710
4.061
4.064
4.064
4.063
4.058
4.058
4.058
0.730
4.062
4.064
4.064
4.064
4.059
4.059
4.059
0.730
4.062
4.064
4.064
4.064
4.059
4.059
4.059
E10
NOx
50 +
2.497
2.497
2.497
0.493
2.500
2.501
2.502
2.501
2.497
2.497
2.497
0.436
2.500
2.501
2.502
2.501
2.498
2.497
2.497
0.449
2.500
2.501
2.501
2.501
2.498
2.498
2.498
0.449
2.500
2.501
2.501
2.501
2.498
2.498
2.498
E10
NOx
Highway
2.516
2.516
2.516
0.583
2.520
2.524
2.526
2.526
2.517
2.516
2.516
0.508
2.520
2.524
2.526
2.525
2.517
2.517
2.517
0.526
2.520
2.524
2.525
2.525
2.517
2.517
2.517
0.526
2.520
2.524
2.525
2.525
2.517
2.517
2.517
E10
PM2.5
Decel
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
E10
PM2.5
Oto25
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
E10
PM2.5
25 to 50
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
E10
PM2.5
50 +
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
E10
PM2.5
Highway
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
Note - highlighted cells are set equal to the row above (MOVES does not provide
consistent outputs for Class 8b gasoline vehicles; therefore 8bs are set equal to
8as).
A-15
-------
Appendix B - NOx and PM Idle Factors - g/hr
(MOVES2010a, 2012 Calendar Year, ULSD)
-------
SW Idle factors (g/hr) from MOVES2010a
average of Jan and July factors
Month
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Pollutant
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
NOX
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Model Year
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Source: David Brz, OTAQ, 12-21-11
Truck Class
HDGV
14.05
14.07
14.10
7.10
7.12
7.18
7.17
7.30
7.30
7.05
6.85
13.49
13.57
13.43
13.13
13.06
12.73
12.52
12.46
12.57
6.86
6.90
6.91
7.16
7.28
7.09
0.33
1.02
1.02
0.32
0.36
0.36
0.27
0.09
0.10
0.24
0.26
0.11
0.06
LHDDV
142.96
131.91
146.29
178.06
143.79
140.10
151.56
151.33
148.59
147.89
129.61
129.00
121.78
120.79
108.09
117.06
74.26
74.26
74.54
54.31
25.14
25.15
24.03
6.48
6.48
6.48
4.38
4.41
4.39
4.37
4.11
3.95
4.19
7.29
6.66
6.58
5.80
6.57
6.23
MHDDV
192.01
192.01
192.01
148.28
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
117.07
114.27
115.83
112.07
114.66
48.98
48.99
48.95
49.01
24.51
24.50
24.47
5.42
5.42
5.42
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
7.13
7.14
7.16
7.17
6.78
6.88
HHDDV
192.01
192.01
192.01
148.28
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
139.42
117.07
144.37
144.37
146.83
144.02
54.70
54.72
54.70
54.75
27.39
27.39
27.37
6.42
6.42
6.42
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
4.34
6.83
6.81
6.83
6.76
6.48
6.48
B-l
-------
SW Idle factors (g/hr) from MOVES2010a
average of Jan and July factors
Month
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Annual Av
Pollutant
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Total PM 10
Model Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Truck Class Definitions
HDGV
LHDDV
MHDDV
HHDDV
Source: David Brz, OTAQ, 12-21-11
Truck Class
HDGV
0.02
0.02
0.10
0.05
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.09
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
gasoline trucks - all classes
diesel classes 2b - 5
diesel classes 6 and 7
diesel classes 8a and 8b
LHDDV
6.14
5.54
5.97
5.14
4.74
4.73
4.72
0.35
0.35
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
MHDDV
6.86
6.91
6.88
6.22
6.22
6.22
6.22
0.30
0.30
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
HHDDV
6.48
6.45
6.48
5.87
5.86
5.86
5.86
0.31
0.31
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
B-2
-------
Appendix C - SmartWay Fleet Activity Distributions by Vehicle Class
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck class=2B
O
miles unit MIDPOINT
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
80000
70000 |^^^^|
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
130000
140000
150000
160000
170000
180000
190000
200000
•I
0
FREQ.
1
11
6
5
5
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
CUM.
FREQ.
1
12
18
23
28
31
32
33
33
33
33
33
33
S3
33
33
33
33
33
33
34
PCT
294
32.35
17.65
14.71
14.71
8.82
2.94
2.94
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.94
CUM.
PCT.
294
35.29
52.94
67.65
8235
91.18
9412
9706
9706
97.06
9706
97.06
97.06
97 OS
9706
97.06
97.06
97.06
97.06
97.06
100.00
23456789 10 11
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class=3
O
miles_unit MIDPOINT
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
I I
I
60000 |
70000 1
80000 1
90000
100000
110000 1
120000
130000
1 40000
150000 C
160000
170000
180000
190000
200000
(
FREQ.
2
14
6
5
3
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
CUM.
FREQ.
2
16
22
27
30
30
31
32
33
33
33
34
34
34
34
35
35
35
35
35
35
PCT
5.71
40.00
17.14
14.29
8.57
0.00
2.86
2.86
2.86
0.00
0.00
286
0.00
0.00
0.00
286
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
000
CUM.
PCT.
5.71
45.71
62.86
77.14
85,71
85.71
88.57
91.43
94.29
94.29
94.29
97.14
97.14
97.14
97.14
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
) 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck class=4
O
miles unit MIDPOINT
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
800OO
90000
100000
110000
12OOOO
130000
140000
150000
160000
170000
180000
190000
200000
(
=
I
I
I
I
I
FREQ.
2
3
8
7
2
3
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
CUM
FREQ.
2
5
13
20
22
25
26
26
27
27
28
28
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
PCT.
8.90
10.34
27.59
24.14
690
10.34
3.45
0.00
3.45
o.oo
345
0.00
3.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
CUM
PCT.
6.90
17.24
44.83
68,97
75.86
86.21
8966
89.66
93.10
93.10
9655
96.55
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100,00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
I 1 2 3 4 5 S 7 8
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck classes
O
miles_un!t MIDPOINT
0
CUM.
FREQ. FREQ.
1
6
16
21
26
28
31
35
36
36
37
37
38
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
41
PCT.
2.44
12.20
21.95
14.63
12.20
4.88
7.32
9.76
2.44
0.00
2.44
0.00
2.44
2.44
O.OO
000
o.oo
0.00
000
0.00
488
CUM.
PCT
2.44
1463
3659
51.22
63.41
68.29
75.61
85.37
87.80
87.80
SO. 24
9024
92.68
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
10000
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class-6
O
tin
miles_unit MIDPOINT
0
CUM.
FREQ. FREQ.
5
16
22
21
16
18
12
4
4
3
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
5
21
43
64
80
98
110
114
118
121
123
123
123
123
123
124
124
124
124
124
127
PCT-
394
12.60
1732
16.54
1260
14.17
9.45
3.15
3.15
2.36
1.57
000
000
000
ooo
0.79
0.00
0.00
000
000
236
CUM,
PCT.
3.94
1654
33.86
5039
62.99
77.17
86.61
8976
92.91
95.2S
96. S5
96.85
96.85
9685
96.85
9764
97.64
97.64
97.64
9764
100.00
FREQUENCY
-------
n
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class-7
miles unit MIDPOINT
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
110000
^^^^^^^^^^^H
I
I
120000 1
130000 1
140000
150000 •
160000
170000
180000
190000
200000 [
CUM. GUM.
FREQ. FREQ. PCT PCT.
5 5 3.73 3.73
13 18 9.70 13.43
27 45 20.15 33.58
18 63 13.43 47.01
16 79 11.94 58.96
15 94 11.19 70.15
5 99 373 7388
9 108 6.72 80.60
4 112 2.99 83.58
6 118 4.43 88.06
5 123 3.73 91.79
3 126 2.24 94.03
3 129 2.24 96.27
2 131 1.49 97.76
0 131 0.00 97.76
1 132 0.75 98.51
0 132 0.00 98.51
0 132 0.00 98,51
0 132 0.00 98.51
0 132 0.00 98.51
2 134 1.49 100.00
10
20
30
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class=8A
O
miles_unit MIDPOINT
0
CUM,
FREQ. FREQ.
2
16
24
32
23
23
31
30
33
29
37
30
26
28
4
13
4
2
2
2
12
2
18
42
74
97
120
151
181
214
243
280
310
336
364
368
381
385
387
389
391
403
PCT.
050
397
5.96
7.94
571
5.71
7.69
7.44
819
7.20
918
7.44
6.45
6.95
0.99
3.23
099
050
0.50
0.50
2.98
CUM.
PCT.
050
447
10.42
1836
2407
29.78
37.47
4491
5310
BO. 30
69.48
76.92
83.37
9032
9132
94.54
9553
9B.03
9653
97.02
100.00
10
20
FREQUENCY
30
40
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck class=8B
miles_unit MIDPOINT
0
0
oo
10000
20000
30OOO
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
130000
140000
150000
160000
170000 I
180000 |
190000 L
a
200000
FREQ.
7
16
22
31
52
52
72
89
111
122
163
140
112
71
47
27
19
11
4
4
19
CUM
FREQ.
7
23
45
76
128
180
252
341
452
574
737
877
989
1060
1107
1134
1153
1164
1168
1172
1191
PCT.
0.58
1.34
1.85
2. BO
4.37
4.37
6.05
7.47
9.32
10.24
13.69
11 75
9.40
5.96
3.95
2.27
1.60
0.92
034
0.34
1.60
CUM.
PCT.
0.59
1.93
3.78
6.38
10.75
15.11
21.16
28.63
37.95
48.19
61.88
73.64
83.04
89.00
92.95
95.21
96.81
97.73
98.07
98.40
100.00
10 20 30 40 50 60
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class=2B
mpg MIDPOINT
o
0
CUM.
FREQ.
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
4
10
13
16
18
21
21
23
25
28
29
31
31
31
32
33
34
34
34
PCT.
000
000
000
0.00
000
2.94
8.82
0.00
1766
882
882
5.88
8.82
000
5.88
5.88
8.82
2.94
5.88
o.oo
o.oo
2.94
2.94
2.94
0.00
0.00
CUM.
PCT.
000
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
2.94
11.76
11.76
2941
3824
47.06
52.94
61.76
61.76
67.65
73.53
82.35
85.29
91.18
91.18
91.18
94.12
9706
10000
10000
10000
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class=3
mpg MIDPOINT
0
n
i*
o
CUM.
FREQ.
0
0
0
0
e
7
12
14
17
1S
20
25
28
29
31
31
32
32
33
33
33
34
34
34
35
35
PCT.
0.00
ooo
o.oo
o.oo
17.14
2.86
14.29
5.71
8.57
5.71
2.86
14.29
8.57
286
5.71
000
2.86
0.00
2.86
000
000
2.86
0.00
0.00
286
000
CUM.
PCT
000
ooo
000
0.00
17.14
20.00
34.29
40.00
48.57
54.29
57.14
71.43
80.00
82.86
88.57
8857
91.43
91.43
94.29
94.29
94.29
97.14
97.14
97.14
10000
100.00
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class-4
n
mpg MIDPOINT
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
C
1
1
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H I
i
1
FREQ.
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
3
2
1
1
7
5
3
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
CUM.
FREQ.
0
0
0
0
1
3
4
7
9
10
11
18
23
26
28
28
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29
PCT
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.45
6.90
3.45
10.34
6.90
345
3.45
24.14
17.24
10.34
690
0.00
3.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
000
000
0.00
0.00
CUM.
PCT.
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.45
10.34
13.79
24.14
31.03
34.48
37.93
62.07
79.31
89.66
9655
96.55
10000
10000
100.00
100.00
100.00
10000
10000
10000
100.00
100.00
234567
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class=5
n
mpg MIDPOINT
0
1
2
3
;
!
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
1
1
1
1
1
,
0
FREQ
0
0
0
1
0
4
9
9
2
3
3
2
2
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
CUM.
FREQ.
0
0
0
1
1
5
14
23
25
2S
31
33
35
35
37
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
40
40
41
PCT.
000
0.00
0.00
2.44
0.00
9.76
21 95
2195
4.88
7.32
7.32
4.88
488
2.44
244
488
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
000
000
2.44
0.00
2.44
CUM.
PCT
000
0.00
0.00
2.44
2.44
12.20
34.15
5610
60.98
68.29
75.61
80.49
85.37
8780
90.24
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
95.12
97.56
97.56
100.00
23456789
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck class-6
mpg MIDPOINT
0
O
CUM.
FREQ.
0
1
1
z
e
14
36
54
88
109
119
123
125
126
126
126
127
127
127
127
127
127
127
127
127
127
PCT.
000
079
000
079
3.15
6.30
17,32
14.17
26.77
16.54
7.87
315
1.57
0.79
0.00
0.00
0.79
0.00
000
000
000
0.00
0.00
000
0.00
0.00
CUM.
PCT.
0.00
0.79
0.79
1.57
4.72
11.02
28.35
42.52
69.29
85.83
93.70
96.85
98.43
99.21
9921
99.21
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
10000
100.00
10000
100.00
100.00
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class=7
mpg MIDPOINT
n
NT FREQ
0
;
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
:
•
!
!
I
]
n
14
15 p
16
17 '
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
0
1
1
6
2
6
31
23
26
21
10
2
2
2
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 10 20 30 40
FREQUENCY
CUM.
FREQ
0
1
2
8
10
16
47
70
96
117
127
129
131
133
133
134
134
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
PCT
0.00
0.74
0.74
444
1.48
4.44
2296
17.04
19.26
15.56
7.41
1.48
1.48
1.48
0.00
0.74
0.00
0.74
000
0.00
0.00
000
000
000
0.00
0.00
CUM
PCT
000
0.74
1.48
593
7.41
11,85
3481
51.85
71.11
86.67
94.07
95,56
97.04
98.52
98.52
99.26
99.26
100.00
100.00
10000
100.00
100,00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck_class=8A
n
mpg MIDPOINT
0
1 I
1
3 L
4
6
e
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
ZZ|
I
HI
FREQ.
0
1
2
4
13
90
192
73
18
7
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
CUM.
FREQ.
0
1
3
7
20
110
302
375
393
400
400
401
402
402
402
402
402
402
404
404
404
404
404
404
404
404
PCT
0.00
025
050
0.99
3.22
22.28
47.52
18.07
4.46
1 73
000
0.25
0.25
000
000
000
0.00
0.00
0.5O
ooo
0.00
000
000
000
0.00
0.00
CUM.
PCT
o.oo
025
0.74
1.73
4.95
27.23
74.75
92.82
97.28
9901
99.01
9926
99.50
99.50
99.50
99.50
99.50
99.50
100.00
100OO
100.00
10000
10000
10000
100.00
100.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 SO 70 80
90 100 110 120 130 140 150 1SO 170 180 190 200
FREQUENCY
-------
Calendar Year 2008 Diesel smart way vehicles
truck class=8B
n
mpg MIDPOINT FREQ
0
1
2
!
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
I
|
I
!
0
1
1
7
29
289
700
149
18
3
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
FREQUENCY
CUM.
FREQ.
0
1
2
9
38
327
1027
1176
1194
1197
1200
1202
1203
1203
1203
1203
1203
1203
1204
1204
1205
1205
1205
1205
1205
1205
CUM.
PCT. PCT.
0.00 0.00
0.08 0.08
0.08 017
0.58 0.75
2.41 3.15
23.98 27.14
58.09 85.23
12.37 97.59
149 9909
0.25 99.34
0.25 99.59
0.17 99.75
008 99.83
0.00 99.83
0.00 99.83
0.00 99.83
000 99.83
000 99.83
O.O8 99.92
0.00 99.92
0.08 10O.OO
000 100.00
ODD 100.00
0.00 100.00
0.00 100.00
000 100.00
-------
Appendix D
Cargo Volume Literature Review Summary
-------
Clas
s
2b
2b
2b
2b
2b
2b
2b
2b
3
3
3
3
4
Application
Full Size
Pick-up
Full Size
Pick-up
Step Van
Step Van
Utility Van
Utility Van
Utility Van
Stake Truck
Pickup
Step Van
Conventiona
IVan
City
Delivery
Conventiona
Body
Type
Pick-up
Pick-up
Budget
Cargo
Van
Step Van
Utility/
cargo van
Uhaul 10'
Truck
Budget
10'
Moving
Truck
Stake/
platform
Pick-up
Step Van
Penske
12' Cargo
Van
Budget
16'
Moving
Truck
Uhaul 14'
VIUS
Category
step/walk-
in
step/walk-
in
van (basic
enclosed)
van (basic
enclosed)
van (basic
enclosed)
flatbed/stak
e/ platform
step/walk-
in
van (basic
enclosed)
Manuf
Chevy
Ford
Ford
Freightliner
-Sprinter
Ford
GMC
Supreme
GMC
Freightliner
-Sprinter
Ford
Model
Silverado
2500HD
F250
2500
Standard
Roof
E350
Sierra 3500
3500
Standard
Roof
Cargo
Space
(cubic
feet)
309
318
237
402
380
336
547
450
800
733
Unit
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Max
Payload
3,644
2,900
3,116
3,469
4,239
2,810
3,100
4,566
4,845
2,600
3,400
6,190
GVW
9,200
9,400
8,600
8,550
9,500
8,600
8,600
10,700
11,030
11,500
14,050
Notes or
Comments
URL
http://www.chevrolet.com/vehicles/201
0/silverado2500hd/features.do
http : //www. fordfl 5 0 .net/specs/0 5 sd_sp
ecs.pdf
http://www.budgettruck.com/Moving-
Trucks.aspx
http : //www. freightlinersprinterusa. com/
vehicles/cargo-
van/models/specifications.php
http://www.motortrend.com/cars/2008/
ford/e 350/specifications/index.html
http://www.uhaul.com/Reservations/Eq
uipmentDetail . aspx?model=EL
http://www.budgettruck.com/Moving-
Trucks.aspx
http://www.gmc.com/sierra/3500/specs
Standard.] sp
http : //www. freightlinersprinterusa. com/
vehicles/cargo- van/models/3500-hi gh-
roof-170-wb-6-SDecs.DhD
http://www.pensketruckrental.com/com
mercial-truck-rentals/moving-vans/12-
ft.html
http://www.budgettruck.com/Moving-
Trucks.aspx
http://www.uhaul.com/Reservations/Eq
-------
Clas
s
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
Application
IVan
Conventiona
IVan
Conventiona
IVan
City
Delivery
Large Walk-
In
Large Walk-
In
UPS
Stake Truck
Bucket
Truck
City
Delivery
City
Delivery
Large Walk-
In
Beverage
Single Axle
Body
Type
Truck
Uhaul 17
Truck
Penske
16'
Economy
Van
Penske
16' Cargo
Van
Walk-in
Walk-in
Walk-in
Stake/plat
form
Bucket
truck
Uhaul 24'
Truck
Uhaul 26'
Truck
Large
Walk-in
Beverage
Budget
VIUS
Category
flatbed/stak
e/platform
van (basic
enclosed)
van (basic
enclosed)
step/walk-
in
van (basic
Manuf
Ford
Eaton
Hybrid
Grumman
GMC
Hackney
Model
W700 Step
Van
W700 Step
Van
W4500
6-Bay 52"
Performer
Cargo
Space
(cubic
feet)
865
826
1,536
700
700
448
1,418
1,611
670
588/case
capacity
= 531@
120z
cans
1,380
Unit
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu.
Ft/cases
cans
Cu. Ft
Max
Payload
5,930
4,300
5,100
5,720
5,390
6,500
7,400
11,601
12,000
GVW
14,050
15,000
16,000
16,000
14,500
18,000
18,000
16,000
21,150
25,500
Notes or
Comments
URL
uipmentDetail . aspx?model=EL
http://www.uhaul.com/Reservations/Eq
uipmentDetail . aspx?model=EL
http://www.pensketruckrental.com/com
mercial-truck-rentals/moving-cargo-
vans/16-ft.html
http://www.pensketruckrental.com/com
mercial-truck-rentals/moving-cargo-
vans/16-ft.html
http://files.harc.edu/Proiects/Transporta
tion/FedExReportTask3 .pdf
http : //files, hare . edu/Proj ects/Transporta
tion/FedExReportTask3 .pdf
http://www.grummanolson.com/index2
.htm
http : //www.usedtrucksdepot. com/brow
se_listdetails.php?manf=GMC&scate=
Stake+Truck&catname=Medium+Duty
+Trucks&main id=208
http://www.uhaul.com/Reservations/Eq
uipmentDetail . aspx?model=EL
http://www.uhaul.com/Reservations/Eq
uipmentDetail . aspx?model=EL
http://news.van.fedex.com/node/7379
http : //www.hackneybe verage .com/bo d
ycad5.htm
http://www.budgettruck.com/Moving-
-------
Clas
s
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
Application
Van
Stake Truck
Refrigerated
/Reefer
Landscape
Van
Refuse
Furniture
Beverage
Stake Truck
Refrigerated
/Reefer
Tanker
Truck
Body
Type
24' Truck
24' Stake
Truck
24' Kold
King
Refrigera
ted
Van scape
r
Landscap
e Van
Refuse
Truck
Furniture
Truck
Beverage
(delivery
body)
flatbed/st
ake/platfo
rm
28' Kold
King
Refrigera
ted
tank
(fluid)
VIUS
Category
enclosed)
flatbed/stak
e/platform
reefer
step/walk-
in
flatbed/stak
e/platform
reefer
tank (fluid)
Manuf
Intemation
al/
Supreme
Supreme
Supreme
Hackney
Supreme
Supreme
Ford
Model
24'
24'
22'
Hackney 10-
Bay-48"
Aluminum
SH20096
28'
F750 XL
Cargo
Space
(cubic
feet)
672
1,521
1,496
2,013
12517
case
capacity
= 1,100
12 oz
cans
728
1,774
267
Unit
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Cu.
Ft/case
cans
Cu. Ft
Cu. Ft
Max
Payload
23,700
2,000-
4000
GAL
GVW
25,900
37,733
33,000
26,000
Notes or
Comments
Note:
typical
step/walk-
ins do not
reach this
size. This is
a speciality
vehicle
URL
Trucks, aspx
http://www.usedtrucks.ryder.com/Vehi
cle/VehicleSearch.aspx?VehicleTypeId
=!&VehicleGroupId=5
http://www.silvercrowncoach.com/supr
eme.php?page=product&bodv=refriger
ated&Droduct=2 1 §ion=specs
http://www.silvercrowncoach.com/supr
eme.php?page=product&body=landsca
ping&product= 3 0
http://www.hendersonrentals.co.nz/?t=
38
http : //hackneyusa. com/
http://www.usedtrucks.ryder.com/Vehi
cle/VehicleSearch.aspx?VehicleTypeId
=!&VehicleGroupId=5
http://www.silvercrowncoach.com/supr
eme.php?page=product&body=refriger
ated&product=2 1 §ion=specs
http : //www. truckingauctions .com/brow
se listdetails.php?scate=Water%20Tan
k%20Truck&manf=GMC&catname=H
-------
Clas
s
7
Application
Single Axle
Van
Body
Type
Freightlin
er Truck
VIUS
Category
van (basic
enclosed)
Manuf
Freightliner
Business
Class (24')
Model
Business
Class M2
112
Cargo
Space
(cubic
feet)
1,552
Unit
Max
Payload
GVW
33,000
Notes or
Comments
Note: front
axle Ibs
12,000/rear
axle 2 1,000
Ibs (each
add'l axle
approx
12,000 Ibs)
URL
eavy%20Duty%20Trucks
http://www.truckpaper.com/listingsdeta
il/detail.aspx?OHID=2379362
G
4-
-------
Appendix E
EPA Drayage Calculator Equations
-------
Drayage Fleet Score and Emission Reductions for Generic Port
Company Name
Year
2008
Baseline Emissions
From Average Dray
Truck Fleet
Untreated
DOC & CCVS
Flow Through Filter
Diesel Particulate
Filter/LNG
Total Trucks Equipped
with:
California Cartage Express
Pre-
1988
1
APUs
1988-
1993
0
0
1994-
2002
0
0
2003-
2006
0
0
SW Tires
2007-
2009
0
0
Post
2009
0
LNG
Total
Trucks
1
1
0
0
0
0
CO2
Grams
2008 Total Fleet
Emissions
Change in Emissions from
Baseline
% Change in Emissions
Avg. Miles Per Truck
60000
Fuel Consumed (gal)
10000
SmartWay FLEET Score and Environmental Performance for:
2008
CO2
Short
tons
111
111
0
0
0
0
111
0.0
0%
PM
Short
tons
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
131%
NOx
Short
tons
1.4
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.6
0.2
14%
SmartWay
SIF Score
No Rating
Environmental
Performance
No Rating
I. CO2 Short Tons
A. CO2 (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
Aco2 = (((BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetprei988 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti988toi993 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti994to2oo2) * AvgMilesPerTruck/5.47) + ((
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo3to2006 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo7to2009 + BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetpost2009)
* AvgMilesPerTruck 75.47)) * 0.01015
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
-------
B. CO7 (Short tons) - Untreated
Bco2 = (((Untreatedprei988 + Untreatedi988toi993 + Untreatedi994to2oo2) * AvgMilesPerTruck 75.47) +
((Untreatedioostoiooe + Untreated2oo7to2009 + UntreatedPost2oo9 ) * AvgMilesPerTruck 75.47)) * 0.01015
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
C. COZ (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
CC02 = (((DOCs&CCVsprei988 + DOCs&CCVs1988toi993 + DOCs&CCVs1994to2oo2) * AvgMilesPerTruck 75.47)+ ((
DOCs&CCVs2oo3to2006 + DOCs&CCVs2oo7to2009 + DOCs&CCVspost2009) * AvgMilesPerTruck 75.47)) * 0.01015
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
D. CO2 (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
Dco2 = (((FlowThroughFilterprei988 + FlowThroughFilteri988toi993 + FlowThroughFilteri994t02oo2) *
AvgMilesPerTruck 75.47) + (( FlowThroughFilter2oo3to2006 + FlowThroughFilter2oo7to2009 +
FlowThroughFilterPost2oo9) * AvgMilesPerTruck 75.47)) * 0.01015
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
E. CO7 (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
Eco2 = (((DieselParticulateprei988 + DieselParticulatei988toi993 + DieselParticulatei994to2oo2) * AvgMilesPerTruck
75.47) + ((DieselParticulate2oo3to2oo6 + DieselParticulate2oo7to2oo9 + DieselParticulatepost2oo9) * AvgMilesPerTruck
75.47)) * 0.01015
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
F. CO9 (Short tons) - Total Trucks Equipped with APU/SWTires/LNG
Fco2 = ((TotalTruckEquippedApu/BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks* 0.11) + (
TotalTruckEquippedswiires / BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTmcks * 0.02) + (
TotalTruckEquippedLNG / BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks * 0.21)) * (B 002 + C 002 + D 002
+ EC02) * -1
Where
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks = BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetprei988 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti988toi993 +
-------
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti994to2002 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo3to2006 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo7to2009 + BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetpost2009
B co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Untreated
C co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
D co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
E co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
G. CO2 (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
G CO2 = B CO2 + C CO2 + D CO2 + E CO2 + F CO2
Where
B co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Untreated
C co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
D co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
E co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
G F co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - CO2 (Short tons) - Total Trucks Equipped with APU/SWTires/LNG
d«
H. CO? (Short tons) - Change in Emissions from Baseline
HcO2 = GcO2 - AcO2
Where
GC02 = CO2 (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
A co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
I. CO? (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
ICO2 = (GcO2 - AcO2)/AcO2
Where
GC02 = CO2 (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
A co2 = CO2 (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
J. CO? (Short tons) - SmartWay Fleet Score and Environmental Performance
" Jco2 = (Ico2/40)*-100
-------
Where
I co2 = COi (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
II. PM Short Tons
A. PM (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
APM = ((( BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetprei988 * PMGramsPerMileprei988 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti988toi993 * PMGramsPerMilei988toi993 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti994to2002 * PMGramsPerMilei994t02002 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo3to2006 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo7to2009 * PMGramsPerMileprei988 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetpost2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06)) *
AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
Where
PMGramsPerMileprei988 = 3.11
B. PM (Short tons) - Untreated
BPM = (((Untreatedprei988* PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (Untreatedi988toi993 * PMGramsPerMilei988toi993 *
1.10E-06) + (Untreatedi994to2002 * PMGramsPerMilei994to2002 * 1.10E-06) + (Untreated2oo3to2006 *
PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06) + (Untreated20o7to2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) +
(UntreatedPost2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06)) * AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
C. PM (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
CPM = (((DOCs&CCVsPrei988 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06* 0.7) + (DOCs&CCVsi988toi993 *
PMGramsPerMilei988toi993 * 1.10E-06 * 0.7) + (DOCs&CCVsi994to2oo2 * PMGramsPerMilei994to2oo2 * 1.10E-06 * 0.7)
+ (DOCs&CCVs2oo3to2006 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06 * 0.7) + (DOCs&CCVs2007to2009 *
PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06 * 0.7) + (DOCs&CCVsPost2oo9 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06 * 0.7)) *
AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
-------
D. PM (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
DPM = (((FlowThroughFilterPrei988 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06* 0.5) + (FlowThroughFilteri988toi993 *
PMGramsPerMilei988toi993 * 1.10E-06 * 0.5) + (FlowThroughFilter1994to2oo2 * PMGramsPerMilei994to2oo2 * 1.10E-06 *
0.5) + (FlowThroughFilter20o3to2006 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06 * 0.5) + (FlowThroughFilter20o7to2009 *
PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06 * 0.5) + (FlowThroughFilterpost2oo9 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06 * 0.5)) *
AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
E. PM (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
EPM = (((DieselParticulatePrei988 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06* 0.1) + (DieselParticulatei988toi993 *
PMGramsPerMilei98gtoi993 * 1.10E-06 * 0.1) + (DieselParticulatei994to2oo2 * PMGramsPerMilei994to2oo2 * 1.10E-06 *
0.1) + (DieselParticulate2oo3to2oo6 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2oo6 * 1.10E-06 * 0.1) + (DieselParticulate2oo7to2oo9 *
PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (DieselParticulatePost2oo9 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06)) *
AvgMilesPerTruck)
G NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
tin
F. PM (Short tons) - Total Trucks Equipped with APU/SWTires/LNG
FPM = ((TotalTruckEquippedApu/BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks * 0.08) * (BPM + CPM +
DPM + EpM) * -1)
Where
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks = BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetprei988 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti988toi993 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti994to2oo2 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo3to2006 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo7to2009 + BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetpost2009
BPM = PM (Short tons) - Untreated
CPM = PM (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
DPM = PM (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
= PM (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
-------
G. PM (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
GPM = BPM + CPM + DPM + EPM +
Where
BPM = PM (Short tons) - Untreated
CPM = PM (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
DpM = PM (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
EPM = PM (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
FpM = PM (Short tons) - Total Trucks Equipped with APU/SWTires/LNG
H. PM (Short tons) - Change in Emissions from Baseline
HPM = GPM - APM
Where
GPM = PM (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
= PM (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
I. PM (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
IPM = (GpM - APM ) / APM
Where
GPM = PM (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
APM = PM (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
J. PM (Short tons) - SmartWay Fleet Score and Environmental Performance
JPM = (I PM/ 80)* -100
Where
IPM = PM (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
777. NOx Short Tons
A. NOx (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
ANOX = ((( BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetprei988 * PMGramsPerMileprei988 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti988toi993 * PMGramsPerMilei988toi993 * 1.10E-06) +
-------
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti994to2002 * PMGramsPerMilei994t02002 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo3to2006 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo7to2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) +
(BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetpost2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06)) *
AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
B. NOy (Short tons) - Untreated
BNOX = (((Untreatedprei988 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (Untreatedi988toi993 * PMGramsPerMilei9ggtoi993
* 1.10E-06) + (Untreatedi994to2002 * PMGramsPerMilei994to2002 * 1.10E-06) + (Untreated2003to2006 *
PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06) + (Untreated20o7to2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) +
(UntreatedPost2oo9 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06)) * AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
C. NOx (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
0 CNOX = (((DOCs&CCVsPrei988 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (DOCs&CCVs1988toi993 *
--1 PMGramsPerMilei9ggtoi993 * 1.10E-06) + (DOCs&CCVsi994to2002 * PMGramsPerMilei994to2002 * 1.10E-06) +
(DOCs&CCVs2003to2006 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06) + (DOCs&CCVs2007to2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg
* 1.10E-06) + (DOCs&CCVsPost2009 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06)) * AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
D. NOX (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
DNOX = (((FlowThroughFilterPrei988 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (FlowThroughFilteri988toi993 *
PMGramsPerMilei9ggtoi993 * 1.10E-06) + (FlowThroughFilter1994to2oo2 * PMGramsPerMilei994to2oo2 * 1.10E-06) +
(FlowThroughFilter20o3to2006 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2006 * 1.10E-06) + (FlowThroughFilter20o7to2009 *
PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (FlowThroughFilterPost2oo9 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06)) *
AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
-------
E. NOx (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
ENOX = (((DieselParticulateprei988 * PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (DieselParticulatei988toi993 *
PMGramsPerMilei988toi993 * 1.10E-06) + (DieselParticulatei994t02002 * PMGramsPerMilei994t02002 * 1.10E-06) +
(DieselParticulate2oo3to2oo6 * PMGramsPerMile2oo3to2oo6 * 1.10E-06) + (DieselParticulate2oo7to2oo9 *
PMGramsPerMilepreiggg * 1.10E-06) + (DieselParticulatePost2oo9 * PMGramsPerMileprei988 * 1.10E-06)) *
AvgMilesPerTruck)
NOTE: AvgMilesPerTruck =60000
F. NOy (Short tons) - Total Trucks Equipped with APU/SWTires/LNG
FNOX = ((TotalTruckEquippedApu/BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks* 0.11) + (
TotalTruckEquippedswiires / BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks * 0.02) *(BNOX + CNOX +
DNOX + ENOX) * -1
Where
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetTotaiTracks = BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetprei988 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti988toi993 +
G BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleeti994to2oo2 +
00 BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo3to2006 +
BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleet2oo7to2009 + BaselineEmissionsFromAverageDrayTruckFleetpost2009
BNOX = NOX (Short tons) - Untreated
CNOX = NOX (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
DNOX = NOX (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
ENOX = NOx (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
G. NOx (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
GNOX = BNOX + CNOX + DNOX + ENOX + FNOX
Where
BNOX = NOX (Short tons) - Untreated
CNOX = NOX (Short tons) - DOCs & CCVs
DNOX = NOX (Short tons) - Flow Through Filter
ENOX = NOx (Short tons) - Diesel Particulate
FNOX = NOX (Short tons) - Total Trucks Equipped with APU/SWTires/LNG
-------
H. NOx (Short tons) - Change in Emissions from Baseline
HNOX = GNOX - ANOX
Where
GNOX = NOX (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
ANOX = NOx (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
I. NOx (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
INOX = (GNOX - ANOX ) / ANOX
Where
GNOX = NOx (Short tons) - Total Fleet Emissions
ANOX = NOx (Short tons) - Baseline Emissions From Average Dray Truck Fleet
J. NOx (Short tons) - SmartWay Fleet Score and Environmental Performance
JNOX = (INOX/80)*-100
G Where
^ INOX = NOx (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
IV. SmartWay SIF Score and Environmental Performance
A. Score Calculation
ASCORE = Ico2 + IPM + INOX
Where
I co2 = COi (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
IPM = PM (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
INOX = NOx (Short tons) - Percent Change in Emissions from Baseline
B. SmartWav SIF Ranking
Brank = If ASCORE < 0.498, then "No Rating"
Brank = If ASCORE > 0.499 and ASCORE < 1, then "0.75"
Brank = If ASCORE > 1 and ASCORE < 1.8, then "1.00"
-------
Brank = If ASCORE>1.8, then "1.25"
Where
ASCORE = Score Calculation
C. Environmental Performance
CEnvPerf = If ASCoRE<0.05, then "No Rating"
CEnvPerf = If ASCORE > 0.05 and ASCORE < 0.499, then "Average'
CEnvPerf = If ASCORE > 0.499 and ASCORE < 1, then "Good"
CEnvPerf = If ASCORE > 1 and ASCORE < 1.8, then "Very Good"
CEnvPerf = If ASCORE >1.8, then "Outstanding"
Where
ASCORE = Score Calculation
G
h^
O
------- |