Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Project
Database User's Guide
EPA/600/C-10/001
January 2010
Marilyn Morrison Erway
Dynamac Corporation
c/o USEPA, NHEERL
Western Ecology Division
Corvallis, Oregon
Jill Schrlau
Dept. of Chemistry
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Sascha Usenko*
Dept. of Chemistry
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Luke Ackerman*
Dept. of Chemistry
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Kimberly Hageman*
Dept. of Env. & Molecular Toxicology
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Adam Schwindt
Dept. of Microbiology
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Linda Geiser
US Forest Service Pacific NW Region
Air Program
Corvallis, Oregon
Howard E. Taylor
U. S. Geological Survey
Boulder, Colorado
Will Hafner*
University of Washington-Bothell
Bothell, Washington
Donald H. Campbell
U.S. Geological Survey
Denver, Colorado
Neil Rose
University College London
London, United Kingdom
Staci Simonich
Dept. of Env. & Molecular Toxicology &
Dept. of Chemistry, Oregon State Univ.
Corvallis, Oregon
Daniel Jaffe
University of WA-Bothell
Bothell, Washington
Carl Schreck
Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit, USGS-BRD
Oregon State Univ. Corvallis, Oregon
Michael Kent
Dept. of Microbiology
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Tamara Blett
NPS-Air Resources Division
Lakewood, Colorado
Dixon H. Landers
USEPA, NHEERL
Western Ecology Division
Corvallis, Oregon
* Current Affiliations:
Hafner: Science Applications International Corp., Bothell, Washington
Hageman: Dept. of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Usenko: Environmental Science Dept., Baylor University, Waco, Texas
Ackerman: FDA-Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, Maryland
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WACAP Database User's Guide
WACAP Database User's Guide
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction 3
2.0 Field Names 4
3.0 Park and Site Fields 9
4.0 WACAP Laboratories and Sample Numbers 10
5.0 Media Subset Field 14
6.0 Analyte Type Field 14
7.0 Sample Type Field 14
8.0 Parameter Field 14
9.0 Media Basis Field 15
10.0 Units 22
11.0 Flags and Qualifiers 22
12.0 Summary of Data Available by Media 24
13.0 Summary of Queries for Data Retrieval 24
14.0 Auxiliary Tables 25
15.0 Below Detection Limit Values 25
16.0 Other Data Sources 26
17.0 WACAP Publications 26
18.0 Reference 26
APPENDIX A. Field Name Descriptions 36
List of Tables
Table 1. Descriptions of Tables in Database 6
Table 2. Field Names in Data Tables 7
Table3. WACAP Sites in Core Parks 9
Table 4. WACAP Secondary Parks for Vegetation and Air Sampling 10
Table 5. WACAP Laboratory Codes and Contact Information 11
Table 6. WACAP Laboratories by Media and Analyses 13
Table 7. AnalyteType abbreviations and descriptions 14
Table 8. SampleType abbreviations and descriptions 15
Table 9. Parameter Abbreviations and Descriptions 16
Table 10. MediaBasis abbreviations and descriptions 22
Table 11. Units abbreviations and descriptions 23
Table 12. WACAP Flags and Qualifiers 27
Table 13. Summary of Data Available 30
Table 14. Air Data Query 31
Table 15. Fish Data Query 32
Table 16. Moose Data Query 32
Table 17. Sediment Data Query 33
Table 18. Snow Data Query 33
Table 19. Vegetation Data Query 34
Table 20. Water Data Query 35
Table 21. Atmospheric Modeling Data Query 35
List of Figures
Figure 1. Development of WACAP Data Base 5
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WACAP Database User's Guide
WACAP Database User's Guide
January 2010
1.0 Introduction
The purpose of the Western Airborne Contaminants Assessment Project (WACAP) was
to evaluate ecological impacts of airborne contaminants in national parks using a network of sites
to provide spatially extensive, site specific, and temporally-resolved information on the
exposure, accumulation, and impacts of airborne toxic compounds. WACAP was designed and
implemented by the National Park Service's Air Resources Division with cooperators from the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Geological Survey, and several universities, as well
as the participating National Parks. Eight core national parks participated in WACAP: Sequoia,
Rocky Mountain, Olympic, Mt. Rainier, Glacier, Denali, Noatak, and Gates of the Arctic. An
additional 11 national parks and one national forest participated in sampling vegetation and air in
2005.
WACAP was conducted over a six-year timeline, with the first year (2002) for design and
method development work, three years (2003-2005) for field sampling and analysis, and the last
four years (2006 to 2009) for completing analyses and preparing the final report, database and
interpretive reports. The final report for WACAP, The Fate, Transport, and Ecological Impacts
of Airborne Contaminants in Western National Parks (USA) (Landers et al. 2008), contains
details about the sampling design, methods, and results. Section 3.4 of the report provides details
of methods used for each ecosystem medium.
WACAP sampled a variety of ecosystem media to provide information about
contaminant accumulation, and the database is organized by these media:
Air, to obtain a measure of SOCs in ambient air to compare loadings between parks
and across geographic and elevational gradients;
Atmospheric transport modeling, to develop back trajectory cluster models to obtain
information about the routes of contaminant transport;
Fish, to measure food web impacts and bioaccumulation;
Moose, to measure a food source used by native peoples;
Sediment, to provide information about historic trends of contaminant loading to
watersheds;
Snow, to measure direct atmospheric loading;
Vegetation, including lichens to measure food web impacts and bioaccumulation, and
conifer needles to measure ecosystem exposure; and
Water, to measure hydrophilic current use chemicals.
The WACAP database is in Microsoft Access, which is a relational database management
system. Data are stored in tables, with queries used to combine and sort data from multiple
tables as needed to produce datasets for analyses. Each ecosystem medium has multiple types of
analyses, e.g., SOCs, mercury, metals, and some media-specific analyses. The database was
constructed from data submitted from 11 laboratories, and includes data for approximately 100
variables for over 2000 samples.
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WACAP User's
The WACAP Database includes raw data values, such as concentrations, blanks, and
replicates, as well as calculated values, such as flux and lipid-normalized values. The values that
are reported as raw data values were determined by each lab, e.g. the SOC lab reported blank-
subtracted data, and the metals and Hg laboratories reported averaged data from replicate
injections.
Each medium contains three tables of data in the Access database:
1) The Data table contains all data for one media type, with each data result uniquely
identified by four fields: WACAP_No, SampleType, Parameter, and MediaBasis.
Additional information about each data result is provided in the fields MediaSubset,
LabCode, Units, Flags, and Qualifiers. WACAP_No is the sample number that
identifies each sample.
2) The Sample_Data table links each sample, identified by the WACAP_No, with the
site and sampling information.
3) The Site_Data table contains the location information about each site, including
latitude, longitude, and elevation.
There are several options for searching and retrieving data from database. Each medium
has an established query that links the three tables, i.e., data table, sample table, and site table.
The main searchable options are by the following fields in the data tables for each medium:
1) Park and/or site
2) Media subset
3) Analytetype
4) Parameter
5) Sample type
6) Media basis
7) Laboratory (LabCode)
Figure 1 contains a flow diagram showing the steps involved as the database was prepared, from
how the data were prepared for importing and organizing into the database, to using queries to
export data to a format to use for data analyses. Table 1 contains a list of tables in the database.
2.0 Field Names
Tables in an Access database are organized into columns, or fields, and rows, or records,
with typically one record per sample result. The Data table for each ecosystem medium typically
contains the 11 or 12 fields listed and described in Table 2. Data tables for fish, moose, and
vegetation contain all 12 fields, and the Atm_Modeling Data table contains 8 fields because it
does not contain fields for WACAP_No, MediaSubset, SampleType, and MediaBasis. The
remaining tables (Air, Sediment, Snow, and Water) have 11 fields because they do not include
the MediaSubset Field. All field names used in all tables, including the Site_Data, Sample_Data,
and the Auxiliary tables, are listed alphabetically with descriptions in Appendix A.
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Sample
Collection
Information
Data from
Sample
Analyses
f QA/QCdata
f from Sample
3v Analyses
Raw Data
(Excel Spreadsheet)
Data Verification
(comparing data to QA objectives
adding data flags, etc.)
Data Validation
(data analyses, plots, relationships, etc.)
Raw Data with
flags and qualifiers
(Excel Spreadsheet)
WACAP Database
Data Tables
Includes regular, field
and analytical
replicates, and blanks
Access Data Table
Sample Information
Sample information, using
WACAP_No to link data with
sites, sample dates, etc.
Access Sample Data Table
Site Information
Site locations and
descriptions
Access Site Data
Data Query
Queries used for selecting data by media, site.
and/or analyte type
Access Query
Export to data format for analyses
Figure 1. Development and Design of WACAP Database
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WACAP User's
Table 1. Descriptions of Tables in Database
Table Names
1 Field Name Descriptions
2 AnalyteType Descriptions
3 SampleType Descriptions
4 LabCodes
5 Parameters Abbreviations
6 MediaBasis Descriptions
7 Unit Abbreviations
8 Flags and Qualifiers
9 Miscellaneous Abbreviations
Air_Data
Air_Sample_Data
Air_Site_Data
Atm_Modeling_Data
Atm_Site_Data
Fish Data
Fish Sample Data
FishAuxiliaryTable_Codes_and_
Abbreviations
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_
Notes
FishAuxiliary Table TestesCategories
Moose Data
Moose Sample Data
Sediment Data
Sediment_Sample_Data
Sediment_Site_Data
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_
Focusing Factors
Description
Description of fields used in all tables, including abbreviations
and codes used in fields
List of abbreviations used for analyte type field with
descriptions
List of abbreviations used for sample type field with descriptions
Lab codes used in data tables for WACAP Labs
Descriptions and names for abbreviations used for parameters
List of abbreviations used for media basis field with descriptions
Descriptions and names for unit abbreviations
Descriptions of flags and qualifiers used in data tables
Description of miscellaneous abbreviations used in tables
Data from passive air sampling devices (PASDs)
Park and site info for each air sample
Information & notes about PASD sites, including lat, long, &
elevation
Back trajectory clusters, and precip. & temp data used for cluster
analyses
Starting locations for back trajectories and source info for precip
data
Data from fish samples
Information about each fish sample, including park, site, species,
date sampled, and data available
Definitions of codes & abbreviations used in fish data
parameters
Notes from histopathological examination offish samples
Categorization of trout testes in current and historic fish
Data from moose samples
Information about each moose sample
Data from sediment core samples
Information about each sediment interval sample, incl. date and
sedimentation rate
Sediment core location descriptions, and list of available data for
each core
Sediment focusing factor for each site
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WACAP User's
Table Names
SedimentAuxiliary Table Metals
Lab3 dBaselDs
SedimentAuxiliary Table Metals
MedianDetectionLimits
SedimentAuxiliary Table Notes
Snow Data
Snow Sample Data
Snow Site Data
Vegetation_Data
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Vegetation Site Data
WACAP_Lake_Sites
Water_Data
Water Sample Data
Description
Lab 3 database ID for each WACAP_No
Median detection limits for sediment metals analyses
Notes concerning sediment analyses
Data from snow samples
Information about each snow sample, including site and date
sampled
Information about snow sampling sites, including lat, long,
elevation
Data from vegetation samples
Information about vegetation samples, including site, date
sampled, & species
Information about vegetation sites, including lat, long, elevation,
& site descriptions
Location of lake sites, including lat, long, & elevations
Data from water samples
Information about water samples, including sample depths,
stratum, and SOC sampler position
Table 2. Field Names in Data Tables.
Field Name
Abbreviations
Description
WACAP No
range from 36001 to
66875, non-
continuously
Each WACAP sample was assigned a 5 digit number, with the
first digit representing the year the sample was collected, i.e., 3
for the year 2003, 4 for the year 2004, etc. The second digit is
assigned as "6" or "8" and denotes the WACAP project at the
WRS Analytical Laboratory. The third digit represents the
media sampled. The WACAPJSfo field is the primary key
used to link the sample with site and sampling information.
The WACAP_No used with the SampleType, Parameter, and
MediaBasis fields uniquely identify each sample result.
Media
Air, Atm_Modeling,
Fish, Moose,
Sediment, Snow,
Vegetation, Water
Ecosystem component
MediaSubset
Fillet, Liver, Whole,
Meat, Lichen,
ConiferNeedles
Subset of media field indicates whether analysis was on whole
fish, fillet or liver for fish, meat or liver for moose, and conifer
needles or lichen for vegetation.
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WACAP User's
Field Name
Abbreviations
Description
AnalyteType
Biology/Path, SOC,
Hg, Metals,
Inorg/Phys
Describes groups of parameters; this can be used to search,
sort, and retrieve data. See Table 6 in the WACAP Database
User's Guide or table "2_AnalyteType_Descriptions" in the
WACAP Database for the abbreviations and descriptions for
the five groups of analyte types in this field.
Sample Type
AREP, FB, GB, LB,
R, REP, etc.
Indicates whether sample was collected as a regular sample, or
field replicate, analytical replicate, field blank, laboratory
blank, etc. The sample type of R, for regular sample, should
be selected when retrieving data for most data analyses. Fish
samples were considered replicates from the same lake, so
their standard sample type is "REP." See Table 7 in the
WACAP Database User's Guide or table
"3_SampleType_Descriptions" in the WACAP Database for
SampleType abbreviations and descriptions
LabCode
Ito 11
See Table 4 in the WACAP Database User's Guide or table
"4_LabCodes" in the WACAP Database for laboratory codes
and contact information.
Parameter
See Table 8 in the WACAP Database User's Guide or table
"5_Parameter_Abbreviations" in the WACAP Database for
parameter abbreviations and descriptions.
Data
Contains data result for the specified sample, sample type,
parameter, and media basis.
MediaBasis
Concentration, Flux,
ww, dw, lip, etc.
Indicates whether the data value reported is in concentration
units based on dry, or wet weight, or normalized to the lipid or
total organic carbon content, or is reported in flux units. See
Table 9 in the WACAP Database User's Guide or table
"6_MediaBasis_Descriptions" in the WACAP Database for
MediaBasis abbreviations and descriptions.
Units
pg/g, mgC/cmA2/y,
(ig/ml, etc.
See Table in the WACAP Database User's Guide or table
"7_Unit_Abbreviations" in the WACAP Database for Units
abbreviations and descriptions.
Flag
null, BDL, ND, C,
X, or COM
Define the use/do not use status of the data; qualifiers define
why or what is wrong. See Table 9 in the WACAP Database
User's Guide or table "8_Flags_and_Qualifiers" in the
WACAP Database for Units abbreviations and descriptions.
Qualifier
r, a, c, d, e, etc.
Used with flags, define why or what is wrong. See Table 9 in
the WACAP Database User's Guide or table
"8_Flags_and_Qualifiers" in the WACAP Database for Units
abbreviations and descriptions.
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WACAP User's
3.0 Park and Site Fields
Fourteen lake sites in the eight core national parks were sampled, and the national park
code and lake name are used to identify each site. The four-letter park codes used in the
database are the codes used by the National Park Service, which are created by using the first
two letters of the first two words in the park name. Snow and vegetation samples were collected
from additional sites, so there are more sites than the 14 lake watersheds in the core parks. In
addition, vegetation and air were sampled from an additional set of 11 parks and one national
forest. Table 3 lists the park codes and site names for the 14 lake watersheds in the eight core
national parks. Table 4 lists the park codes for the additional parks for vegetation sampling.
Table 3. WACAP Sites in Core Parks. All media were sampled at each site, including water,
snow, air, vegetation (conifer needles and lichens), fish, and sediments. Parks are listed
alphabetically by park code.
Park
Code
DENA
DENA
GAAR
GLAC
GLAC
MORA
MORA
NOAT
OLYM
OLYM
ROMO
ROMO
SEKI
Park1
Denali NP and
Preserve
Denali NP and
Preserve
Gates of the Arctic
NP and Preserve
Glacier NP
Glacier NP
Mt. Rainier NP
Mt. Rainier NP
Noatak National
Preserve
Olympic NP
Olympic NP
Rocky Mountain NP
Rocky Mountain NP
Sequoia and Kings
State
Alaska
Alaska
Alaska
Montana
Montana
Washington
Washington
Alaska
Washington
Washington
Colorado
Colorado
California
Lake Site
McLeod
Wonder
Matcharak
Oldman
Snyder
Golden
LP19
Burial
Hoh
PJ
LonePine
Mills
Emerald
Latitude2
(dd)
63.38
63.48
67.75
48.50
48.62
46.89
46.82
68.43
47.90
47.95
40.22
40.29
36.58
Longitude2
(dd)
-151.07
-150.88
-156.21
-113.46
-113.79
-121.90
-121.89
-159.18
-123.79
-123.42
-105.73
-105.64
-118.67
Lake
Elevation3
(m)
564
605
502
2026
1597
1369
1372
430
1380
1384
3018
3030
2810
Year
Sampled
2004
2004
2004
2005
2005
2005
2005
2004
2005
2005
2003
2003
2003
Canyon NP
SEKI Sequoia and Kings
Canyon NP
California
Pear
36.60
-118.67
2908
2003
'NP = National Park, 2dd= decimal degrees;3 from drg (digital raster graphic), m = meter
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WACAP User's
Table 4. WACAP Secondary Parks for Vegetation and Air Sampling. Parks are listed
alphabetically by park code.
Park
Code
BAND
Park1
Bandelier National
State
New Mexico
No. of
Vegetation
Sampling
Sites
5
Minimum
Elevation of
Sites (m)
1854
Maximum
Elevation of
Sites (m)
2926
No. of
Air
Sampling
Sites
1
Year
Sampled
2005
Monument
BIBE Big Bend NP Texas
CRLA Crater Lake NP Oregon
GLBA Glacier Bay NP&P Alaska
GRSA Great Sand Dunes Colorado
NP&P
GRTE Grand TetonNP
KATM KatmaiNP&P
LAVO Lassen Volcanic NP
NOCA North Cascades NP
STLE Stikine-LeConte
Wilderness, Tongass
NF
WRST Wrangell-St. Elias Alaska
NP&P
YOSE Yosemite NP California
5
5
4
5
560
1798
8
2469
2316
2713
625
3338
4
1
1
1
2005
2005
2005
2005
Wyoming
Alaska
California
Washington
Alaska
5
6
5
5
5
2073
36
1829
198
1
3048
1112
2713
1600
1064
1
1
1
1
4
2005
2005
2005
2005
2005
661
1421
3048
2005
2005
JNP = National Park, NF = National Forest, NPP = National Park & Preserve
4.0 WACAP Laboratories and Sample Numbers
Each WACAP sample was assigned a 5 digit number, with the first digit representing the
year the sample was collected, i.e., 3 for the year 2003, 4 for the year 2004, and 5 for the year
2005. The second digit represents the WACAP project at the WRS Analytical Laboratory and is
assigned as "6" or "8". The third digit represents the media sampled. The WACAP_No field is
the primary key used to link the sample with site and sampling information. The WACAP_No
used with the SampleType and Parameter fields will uniquely identify each sample result.
A numerical code identifies each laboratory. The LabCode field identifies which
laboratory produced the sample result for each parameter. Table 5 lists laboratory codes and
contact information. Table 6 provides a chart of the analyses for each media type, with the
laboratory responsible for the analyses indicated by a laboratory code.
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Table 5. WACAP Laboratory Codes and Contact Information
Lab
Code
1
2
3
Laboratory
Simonich
Environmental
Chemistry
(SEC)
Laboratory
Willamette
Research
Station (WRS)
Analytical
Laboratory
USGS Boulder
Laboratory
WACAP Analyses
SOC Analyses
Hg in sediment, fish,
lichen, & moose;
sediment processing, C
analyses in sediment,
Major ions in water
Metals in snow, fish,
lichen, sediment, moose,
& water
Address
1161 Agricultural and Life Sciences
Dept. of Environmental and Molecular
Toxicology
Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR 97331
Willamette Research Station Analytical
Laboratory, U.S. EPA
13 50 SE Goodnight Ave.
Corvallis, OR 97333
Trace Element Environmental Analytical
Chemistry Project
U.S Geological Survey
Contact Information
Staci Simonich
541-737-9194
staci.simonich@orst.edu
Phil Monaco
541-754-4720
monaco.phil@epa.gov
Howard Taylor
303-541-3007
hetaylor@usgs.gov
Additional
Contact
Information
Dixon Landers
541-754-4427
Landers .Dixon@ep
a.gov
OSU Fish
Laboratories
Fish health data:
hematology, physiology,
& macrophage aggregate
analyses
National Research Program
3215 Marine St., Suite E-127
Boulder, CO 80303
Dept. of Microbiology
220 Nash Hall
Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR 97331
Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit
170 Nash Hall
Oregon State University
Corvallis, OR 97331
Mike Kent
541-737-8652 or-5088
Michael.kent@orst.edu
Carl Schreck
541-737-1961
carl.schreck@orst.edu
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Users
Lab T , .
, Laboratory
Code J
5 USGS
Wisconsin
Laboratory
6 USGS
Colorado
Water Science
Center
7 UMNRAL
(Univ. of MN
Research
Analytical Lab)
WACAP Analyses
Hg in snow
Major ions, pH, specific
conductance, &
alkalinity in snow
N & S in lichen
Address
Wisconsin District Mercury Research
Lab
USGS Water Resources Division
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
USGS - WRD, Colorado District
Denver Federal Center, MS-415
Bldg. 53
Lakewood, CO 80225
Research Analytical Laboratory
University of Minnesota
Rm. 135 Crops Research Bldg.
1902 Dudley Ave.
StPaul, MN 55108-6089
Contact Information
David Krabbenhoft
608-821-3843,
608-828-9901
dpkrabbe@usgs.gov
Alisa Mast
303.236.4882 ext. 314
mamast@usgs.gov
ral@soils.umn.edu
612-625-3101
Additional
Contact
Information
Roger Eliason
612-625-7701
FAX: 612-624-
3420
elias004@umn.edu
Environmental Sediment dating
Radioactivity
Research
Centre
The University of Liverpool
Liverpool, UK
L69 3BX
Prof. Peter Appleby
+44(0)1517944020
Appleby@liv.ac.uk
Environmental SCP analyses in
Change sediment
Research
Centre
University College London
Pearson Building, Gower Street
London UK WC1E6BT
Prof. Neil Rose
+44 (0) 20 7679 0543
nrose@geog.ucl.ac.uk
10
Atmospheric
and
Environmental
Chemistry
Atmospheric modeling
data
University of Washington-Bothell
18 115 Campus Way NE
Bothell,WA98011
Dan Jaffe
425-352-5357
dj affe@u. Washington, edu
11
Chesapeake
Biological
Laboratory,
Univ. of MD
Paniculate C and N in
snow
CBL, Center for Environmental and
Estuarine Studies
1 Williams Street, PO Box 38
Solomons, MD 20688
Carl F. Zimmermann
410-326-7252
carlz@cbl.umces.edu
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Table 6. WACAP Laboratories by Media and Analyses. Laboratory abbreviations1 and codes are listed in Table 4.
MEDIA
ANALYSES2
soc
Hg
Metals
Inorganic/ Physical
Biology/pathology
Sediment Dating
Sediment SCP
SNOW
SEC Laboratory (1)
USGS-Wisconsin
(5)
USGS-Boulder
(3)
USGS-CWSC (6),
CBL(ll)
FISH
SEC
Laboratory
(1)
WRS
Laboratory
(2)
USGS-Boulder
(3)
OSU Fish
Laboratories
(4)
SEDIMENT
SEC Laboratory
(1)
WRS
Laboratory
(2)
USGS-Boulder
(3)
WRS
Laboratory
(2)
ERRC
(8)
ECRC
(9)
VEGETATION
SEC Laboratory
(1)
WRS
Laboratory
(2)
USGS-Boulder
(3)
UMNRAL
(7)
WATER
SEC Laboratory
(1)
USGS-Boulder
(3)
USGS-Boulder
(3)
WRS
Laboratory
(2)
MOOSE
SEC Laboratory
(1)
WRS
Laboratory
(2)
USGS-Boulder
(3)
AIR (PASDs)
SEC Laboratory
(1)
= not
applicable
Laboratories: SEC = Simonich Environmental Chemistry, WRS = Willamette Research Station, CWSC = Colorado Water Science Center, UMNRAL=Univ.
of Minnesota Research Analytical Laboratory, ERRC = Environmental Radioactivity Research Centre, ECRC= Environmental Change Research Centre
SOC= semi-volatile organic compounds, Hg = mercury, SCP= spheroidal carbonaceous particles
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WACAP User's
5.0 Media Subset Field
All data for each ecosystem medium are organized into one table. Three media also have
subsets:
Fish: whole fish, fillet, and liver
Moose: liver, meat
Vegetation: conifer needles, lichen
6.0 Analyte Type Field
Analyte types describe groups of parameters. Each data table has an AnalyteType field
that can be used to search, sort, and retrieve data. Table 7 provides the abbreviations and
descriptions for the five groups of analyte types in this field.
7.0 Sample Type Field
Each data table contains results for all sample types, including field replicates, analytical
replicates, field blanks, laboratory blanks, etc. The sample type of R, for regular sample, should
be selected when retrieving data for most data analyses. Fish samples were considered replicates
from the same lake, so their standard sample type is "REP." Descriptions of each sample type
used in the database are provided in Table 8.
8.0 Parameter Field
Table 9 contains a list of all parameters with their abbreviations and descriptions. The
abbreviations are used in the parameter field in the data tables.
Table 7. AnalyteType abbreviations and descriptions.
AnalyteType Description
Biology/Path Fish biological and pathological parameters, such as fork
length, age macrophage aggregates, vitellogenin.
Hg Mercury
Inorg/Phys Inorganic and physical parameters, such as chlorophyll a,
percent moisture, percent lipid, etc.
Metals Metals, primarily cadmium, copper, lead, nickel,
vanadium, and zinc
SOC Semi-volatile organic compounds
14
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Table 8. SampleType abbreviations and descriptions.
SampleType Description
AREP Analytical replicate, collected by pouring from same aliquot container
for a second analysis during the same run; numbers are added if more
than one collected (e.g., AREP1, AREP2)
CP Composite bulk precipitation sample
FB Field blank
GB Grind blank for SOC/Hg fish processing
LB Laboratory blank
LB_AREP Laboratory blank that was also split into an analytical replicate
LREP Laboratory replicate, collected by filtering a second set of aliquots;
numbers are added if more than one collected (e.g., LREP1, LREP2)
QA Quality assurance data; note that this sample type is used only in the
table Sediment_Data as the sample type for the lower and upper 90%
confidence limits for the spheroidal carbonaceous particle counts
(parameters SCP_CL90%Lower and SCP_CL90%Upper).
R Regular sample
REP Field replicate sample; numbers are added if more than one collected
(e.g., REP1, REP2); note that fish collected from same lake are
designated as REPs.
REP_AREP Field replicate sample that was then split into an analytical replicate
TB_IN Travel blank used when PASDs were harvested
TB_OUT Travel blank used when PASDs were deployed
9.0 Media Basis Field
Media basis indicates whether the data value reported is in concentration units based on
dry, or wet weight, or normalized to the lipid or total organic carbon content, or is reported in
flux units. The abbreviations used in the MediaBasis field are described in Table 10.
15
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WACAP User's
Table 9. Parameter Abbreviations and Descriptions
Analyte
Type
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
Parameter
ACE
ACLR
ACY
a-HCH
ALCLR
Aldrin
ANT
ATRZ
B[a]A
B[a]P
B[b]F
B[e]P
B[ghi]P
B[k]F
BDE10
BDE 100
BDE116
BDE 118
BDE 119
BDE 126
BDE 138
BDE 153
BDE 154
BDE 155
BDE 166
BDE 17
BDE 181
BDE 183
BDE 25
BDE 28
BDE 30
BDE 32
BDE 35
BDE 37
BDE 47
BDE 49
BDE 66
BDE 7
BDE 71
BDE 75
BDE 77
BDE 8
BDE 85/155
Compound_Name/Description
Acenaphthene
Acetochlor
Acenaphthylene
Hexachlorcyclohexane, alpha
Alachlor
Aldrin
Anthracene
Atrazine
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(e)pyrene
Benzo(ghi)perylene
B enzo (k)fluoranthene
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 10
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 100
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 1 16
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 118
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 119
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 126
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 138
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 153
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 154
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 155
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 166
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 17
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 181
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 183
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 25
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 28
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 30
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 32
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 35
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 37
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 47
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 49
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 66
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 7
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 71
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 75
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 77
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 8
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 85/155
SOC
Category1
PAH
CUPs
PAH
HUPs
CUPs
HUPs
PAH
CUPs
PAH
PAH
PAH
PAH
PAH
PAH
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
16
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WACAP User's
Analyte
Type
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
Parameter
BDE99
BDE190
b-HCH
c-CLDN
CHR/TRI
CLPYR
CLPYRO
c-NCLR
CYAZ
D[ah]A
DCPA
d-HCH
DIAZ
Dieldrin
ENDOI
ENDOII
ENDOS
Endrin
Endrin A
EPTC
ETDZL
ETHN
FLA
FLO
g-HCH
HCB
HCLR
HCLRE
I[123-cd]p
MBZN
MCLR
Mirex
M-PTHN
MTHN
MXCLR
o-CLDN
op-DDD
op-DDE
op-DDT
PBLT
PCB 101
PCB 118
PCB 138
PCB 153
PCB 183
Compound_Name/Description
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 99
Brominated Diphenyl Ether 190
Hexachlorcyclohexane, beta
Chlordane, cis
Chrysene+Triphenylene
Chlorpyrifos
Chlorpyrifos oxon
Nonachlor, cis
Cyanazine
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
Dacthal
Hexachlorcyclohexane, delta
Diazinon
Dieldrin
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endosulfan sulfate
Endrin
Endrin aldehyde
Ethyldipropylthiocarbamate
Etridiazole
Ethion
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Hexachlorcyclohexane, gamma (Lindane)
Hexachlorobenzene
Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide
Indeno( 1,2,3 -cd)pyrene
Metribuzin
Metolachlor
Mirex
Methyl parathion
Malathion
Methoxychlor
Chlordane, oxy
o,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
o,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
o,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
Pebulate
2,2',4,5,5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
2,2',3,4,4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
2,2',3,4,4',5',6-heptachlorobiphenyl
SOC
Category1
IUC
IUC
HUPs
HUPs
PAH
CUPs
CUPs
HUPs
CUPs
PAH
CUPs
HUPs
CUPs
HUPs
CUPs
CUPs
CUPs
HUPs
HUPs
CUPs
CUPs
CUPs
PAH
PAH
CUPs
HUPs
HUPs
HUPs
PAH
CUPs
CUPs
HUPs
CUPs
CUPs
HUPs
HUPs
HUPs
HUPs
HUPs
CUPs
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
IUC
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WACAP User's Guide
Analyte
Type
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
soc
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Parameter
PCB 187
PCB74
PCLR
PHE
PMTN
pp-DDD
pp-DDE
pp-DDT
PTHN
PYR
Retene
SIMZ
t-CLDN
TFLN
t-NCLR
TRLTE
*_p
Age
CF
E2
FieldID StageDevelopment
FL
HistopathologyNotes
Kidney MA
Kidney MAsubj
kT
LiverMA
LiverMAsubj
Compound_Name/Description
2 2' 3 4' 5 5' 6-heptachlorobiphenyl
2,4,4',5-Tetrachlorobiphenyl
Propachlor
Phenanthrene
Prometon
p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
Parathion
Pyrene
Retene
Simazine
Chlordane, trans
Trifluralin
Nonachlor, trans
Triallate
"_P" added to SOC parameter name (indicated
by *) indicates the concentration is for the SOC
extracted from the 1 um glass fiber filter used to
remove paniculate matter during the lake water
sampling with the Infiltrex 100 submersible
pump, i.e., the concentration is the SOC sorbed
to paniculate matter.
Age of the fish in years
Condition factor = (mass / FLA3)* 100000
Blood plasma 17beta-estradiol (ng/ml =
nanograms per milliliter)
Field ID of developmental stage; Relative stage
of maturation determined by visual inspection of
the gonads: 1= immature, 2= maturing, 3=
maturing/mature, 4= mature, 5= post-spawn
Fork Length - distance from the tip of the snout
to the fork in the tail
Histopathologies identified in the fish kidney,
liver, spleen, gonad, or gill; Notes are in table
"FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes"
with definitions of abbreviations in table
"FishAuxiliaryTable_Codes_and Abbreviations"
Kidney macrophage aggregates in percent area
of the tissue occupied
Relative scoring of kidney macrophage
aggregates
Blood plasma 11-ketotestosterone (ng/ml =
nanograms per milliliter)
Liver macrophage aggregates in percent area of
the tissue occupied
Relative scoring of liver macrophage aggregates
SOC
Category1
IUC
IUC
CUPs
PAH
CUPs
HUPs
HUPs
HUPs
CUPs
PAH
PAH
CUPs
HUPs
CUPs
HUPs
CUPs
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Analyte
Type
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Biology /Path
Hg
Hg
Hg
Hg
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Parameter
Mass
MaturationStage
Sex
Spleen MA
SpleenMAsubj
T
Vtg
Hg
Hg_SD
Hg_TOT
MeHg_TOT
%Lipid
%Moisture
%Water
ALK
ANC
AveTemperature
C_Particulate
Ca
Chi a
Cl
Color
Depth
DIC
DOC
dry_XAD
DryDensity
FractionSolids
K
Lipid
Mg
N_Particulate
Compound_Name/Description
Mass of the fish in grams
Stage of maturation determined from histological
analysis of the gonads, from 1 to 6. See table
"FishAuxiliaryTable_Codes_and_Abbreviations"
in WACAP Database for definitions of codes.
Sex of the fish determined from visual inspection
and histological analysis of the gonads; 1=
female, 2= male
Spleen macrophage aggregates in percent area of
the tissue occupied
Relative scoring of spleen macrophage
aggregates
Testosterone (ng/ml = nanograms per milliliter)
Blood plasma vitellogenin (ug/ml = micrograms
per milliliter)
Mercury
Standard deviation of mercury measurement
Total mercury (unfiltered)
Total methyl mercury (unfiltered)
Percent of solvent extractable lipid in
homogenate
Percent water in homogenate
Percent water
Alkalinity
Acid neutralizing capacity
Average temperature in degrees Celsius
Paniculate carbon; analysis of particulates
extracted from filter
Calcium
Chlorophyll a
Chloride
Color measurement
Depth below lake surface that water sample was
collected
Dissolved inorganic carbon
Dissolved organic carbon
Weight in grams of resin (Amberlite XAD) used
in passive air sampling devices
WetDensity multiplied by the FractionSolids
Dry sediment weight divided by starting wet
sediment weight
Potassium
Weight of lipid in sample
Magnesium
Paniculate nitrogen; analysis of particulates
extracted from filter
soc
Category1
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Analyte
Type
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Inorg/Phys
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Parameter
Na
NH3-N
NH4
NO3
pH
Precipitation
SCP
SCP_CL90%Lower
SCP_CL90%Upper
SiO2
SnowDepth
SO4
SpConductance
SWE
TC
TIC
TN
TOC
TP
TSS
Turbidity
UVA
WetDensity
WetWeight
WtExtracted
*_SD
* TOT
Al
As
Au
B
Ba
Be
Bi
Ca
Cd
Ce
Co
Cr
Cs
Cu
Db
Dy
Compound_Name/Description
Sodium
Ammonia nitrogen
Ammonium
Nitrate
Negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity
Measurement of precipitation in cm
Spheroidal carbonaceous particles
90% upper confidence limit for SCP count
90% lower confidence limit for SCP count
Silica
Depth of snow in snow pit
Sulfate
Specific conductance
Snow water equivalent
Total carbon
Total inorganic carbon, calculated as difference
between TC and TOC
Total nitrogen
Total organic carbon
Total phosphorus
Total suspended solids
Suspended and colloidal matter in water
UV absorbance at 254 nm
Wet sediment weight divided by sediment
volume
Wet weight of sample
Weight of sample extracted for SOC analyses
Standard deviation for the parameter indicated
by " * " with the same WACAP_No
Total data; analysis on an unfiltered sample
Aluminum
Arsenic
Gold
Boron
Barium
Beryllium
Bismuth
Calcium
Cadmium
Cerium
Cobalt
Chromium
Cesium
Copper
Dubnium
Dysprosium
SOC
Category1
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Analyte
Type
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Metals
Parameter
Er
Eu
Fe
Ga
Gd
Ho
K
La
Li
Lu
Mg
Mn
Mo
Na
Nd
Ni
P
Pb
Pr
Rb
Re
S
Sb
Sc
Se
Sm
Sr
Tb
Te
Ti
Tl
Tm
U
V
w
Y
Yb
Zn
Zr
Compound_Name/Description
Erbium
Europium
Iron
Gallium
Gadolinium
Holmium
Potassium
Lanthanum
Lithium
Lutetium
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Sodium
Neodumium
Nickel
Phosphorus
Lead
Praseodymium
Rubidium
Rhenium
Sulfur
Antimony
Scandium
Selenium
Samarium
Strontium
Terbium
Tellurium
Titanium
Thallium
Thulium
Uranium
Vanadium
Tungsten
Yttrium
Ytterbium
Zinc
Zirconium
soc
Category1
:CUPs = current-use pesticide, HUPs = historic-use pesticide, PAH = poly cy lie aromatic hydrocarbon, a
combustion byproduct, IUC = industrial/urban use compound
| = not applicable
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WACAP User's
Table 10. MediaBasis abbreviations and descriptions
MediaBasis Description
Concentration
dryXAD
dw
FF_Flux
Flux
lip
PASD
Score
TOC
WholeFish
ww
Data in concentration units
Concentration based on gram dry weight of resin
(Amberlite XAD) used in passive air sampling devices
Concentration based on dry weight
Data in units of flux, corrected for focusing factor
Data in units of flux
Concentration based on lipid weight
Concentration in pg for the individual passive air
sampling device (PASD)
Relative score developed for parameter
Concentration based on g TOC in sample
Parameters determined on whole, intact fish (age, sex,
fork length)
Concentration based on wet weight
10.0 Units
Each result in the Data field is associated with a unit provided in the Units field.
Abbreviations used for units are listed in Table 11 with their full name and description where
applicable
11.0 Flags and Qualifiers
A system of flags and qualifiers was developed for a consistent use of data qualifiers in
the database:
Flags define the use/do not use status of the data
Qualifiers define why or what is wrong
Table 12 lists the codes used for the flags and qualifiers. There are six flags:
1) Null value indicates an acceptable sample value
2) BDL flag indicates a below detection limit value. The qualifier will indicate if the
value in the data field is the estimated detection limit or the sample value.
3) ND flag indicates the value was not detected.
4) C flag indicates there are cautions for the use of the sample value. The Qualifier will
indicate the reason for the caution.
5) X flag indicates no value was reported. The qualifier will indicate the reason.
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WACAP User's
6) COM flag indicates there is a comment in the qualifier field.
Most qualifiers are single letters, except for the following qualifiers:
scp, with the flag C: indicates SCPs were determined on the secondary core from the site,
XXX, with the flag C: indicates laboratory contamination is suspected,
na, with the flag X: indicates the parameter was not analyzed, and
text comment, with flag COM: provides text of comment
Multiple single letter qualifiers are combined if necessary in one qualifier field to provide all
information about the data result. For example, a data result with a flag of "C" and a qualifier of
"def' indicates there is caution to be used with this data because the surrogate recovery was less
than 30% or greater than 130% (qualifier "d"), the lab blank was greater than 5% of the sample
value (qualifier "e"), and the field blank was greater than 20% of the sample value (qualifier "f').
Table 11. Units abbreviations and descriptions
Units
%area
/cm
°C
(ieq/L
Mg/g
Mg/L
(ig/ml
(imol/L
(iS/cm
1=F, 2=M
cm
Code l=IMto5=post
spawn
fraction
g
g/cmA3
g/mmA3
HistopathologyCodes
L
m
mg/L
mgC/cmA2/y
Description
percent area
per centimeter
degree Celsius
microequivalents per liter
microgram per gram
microgram per liter
microgram per milliliter
micromole per liter
microsiemens per centimeter
Code for fish sex: 1= female, 2= male
centimeter
Codes for field identification of stages offish maturation; see table
FishAuxiliary Table Codes&Abbreviations in the WACAP Database for
description of each stage
division by same units
gram
gram per cubic centimeter
gram per cubic millimeter
Codes used for HistopathologyNotes in the table FishAuxiliary Table_
Histopathology Notes; See table FishAuxiliary Table Codes&Abbreviations in
the WACAP Database for description of each code
liter
meter
milligram per liter
milligram carbon per square centimeter per year
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WACAP User's
Units
mgC/L
mgN/L
mm
ng/L
ng/mA2
ng/ml
no/g
no/mA2/y
NTU
Pg
pg/cmA2/y
Pg/g
pg/L
pH units
Pt-Co Units
Score 0-3
Stage 1-7
Wt%
y
yr
Description
milligram carbon per liter
milligram nitrogen per liter
millimeter
nanogram per liter
nanogram per square meter
nanogram per milliliter
number per gram
number per square meter per year
nephelometric turbidity units
picogram
picogram per square centimeter per year
picogram per gram
picogram per liter
pH= negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity on a scale from 0 to 14,
increasing with decreasing acidity.
Platinum-cobalt units
Relative subjective scoring (0 to 3) of macrophage aggregates
Stages of fish maturation; see table FishAuxiliary Table Codes&Abbreviations
for description of each stage
weight percent (weight per 100 units)
year
year
12.0 Summary of Data Available by Media
Table 13 summarizes the data available in the database by the fields Media, MediaSubset,
AnalyteType, MediaBasis, and LabCode. A complete list of the parameters in the database is in
Table 9 (Parameter Abbreviations and Descriptions) and in table "5_Parameters_Abbreviations"
in the database.
13.0 Summary of Queries for Data Retrieval
The WACAP Database has a basic query established for each medium, containing the
tables needed to retrieve data values, sample information, and site information. These queries
are designed to be modified to retrieve different types of data, by selecting for parks, sites,
analyte types, etc. Tables 14 -21 list the field names in each table, with the fields used to link the
tables indicated by the same color cells. Fields that are primary keys are denoted in bold and
italics. Primary keys are the fields in each table that are used to uniquely identify each record;
each table has from one to five primary keys.
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WACAP User's
These tables provide an overview of the structure of the data tables for each media. For
example, Table 17 lists the fields in each sediment table. The table Sediment_Data contains the
data results for each sediment interval, but the Sediment_Sample_Data contains the date (in
years) and the sedimentation rate in g/cm2/y for each interval, and the Sediment_Site_Data
contains the elevation of the lake the core was collected from. All the information for each
interval can be retrieved by using the linked tables in the Sediment_Data_Query.
14.0 Auxiliary Tables
Fish and sediment data have additional tables containing auxiliary information, such as
media-specific codes, and detection limits:
Table
Description
FishAuxiliaryTable_Codes&Abbreviations
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Focusing_Factors
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3_dBaseIDs
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_MedianDetectionLimits
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Notes
Definitions of codes and abbreviations used
for fish data parameters
Notes from histopathological examination
offish samples
Results from categorization of trout testes
in current and historic fish
Focusing factors for each WACAP lake site
Lab 3 (Metals) database IDs for each
sediment sample
Median detection limits for sediment metals
analyses
Notes for sediment analyses
15.0 Below Detection Limit Values
Data values that are below the method detection limit are flagged in the database, with
either a flag of "BDL" to indicate the result was below the detection limit, or a flag of "ND" for
SOC results where no peak was detected. The qualifier will indicate whether the result reported
is the sample value or the estimated detection limit (see Table 12). The qualifier "r" used with
either flag "BDL" or "ND" indicates the value reported is the estimated detection limit. The
qualifier "q" used with flag "BDL" indicates the parameter was detected but below the estimated
detection limit, and the reported value is the estimated detection limit. The qualifier "b" used
with flag "BDL" indicates the sample value was below the method detection limit, and the
reported value is the sample value.
There are also samples where the SOC was detected, with a value above the estimated
detection limit but below the quantification limit, which equals the concentration of the lowest
calibration standard. The actual sample value is reported, with a flag of "C" to indicate caution
in the use of the data, and a qualifier of "a" to indicated the reported value is the sample value.
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WACAP User's
The policy used for data analyses in the WACAP final report when there were below
detection limit values followed these guidelines:
1) For any average, if more then 70% of the values going into that average are detects, then
substitute 1/2 EDL for values below the detection limit.
2) If 50-70% of values are detects, then substitute 1/2 EDL for values below the detection
limit. Report the average with superscript "1" and description of meaning.
3) If less then 50% of values are detects, then report EDL only with superscript "2" and
description of meaning.
16.0 Other Data Sources
Additional data were assembled for use with back trajectory calculations, fish
physiological marker data, and other environmental and physical variables measured at the
sample collection sites to interpret and predict SOC, nutrient and metal accumulation in the
WACAP media. PRISM (Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model),
developed at Oregon State University (http://www.ocs.orst.edu) uses point measurements of
climate data and a digital elevation model to generate estimates of annual and monthly climatic
variables. Two Microsoft Excel spreadsheets with PRISM data for 1) 30 year means and 2)
individual years are provided in the folder with the Access database, and links to the files are
included in the opening form.
17.0 WACAP Publications
A list of scientific publications and presentations produced by the WACAP project is
available on the National Park Service website for WACAP at
http://www.nature.nps.gov/air/Studies/air toxics/wacap.cfm. A link to the website is also
provided on the opening form for the Access database.
18.0 Reference
Landers, D. H., S. L. Simonich, et al. (2008). The Fate, Transport, and Ecological Impacts of
Airborne Contaminants in Western National Parks (USA), EPA/600/R-07/138. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, NHEERL,
Western Ecology Division, Corvallis, Oregon.
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Table 12. WACAP Flags and Qualifiers
Flag
Null
BDL
BDL
BDL
ND
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Flag Description
Acceptable
Below Detection Limit
Below Detection Limit
Below Detection Limit
Not Detected
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Qualifier
Null
b
r
q
r
a
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
k
1
Qualifier Description
Acceptable
Below method detection limit
Value reported is estimated detection limit
Detected but below estimated detection limit
Value reported is estimated detection limit
Detected, above EDL but below the quantification limit,
which equals the concentration of the lowest calibration
standard. Value reported is actual sample value.
Performance standard deviated by >30%
Surrogate recovery <30% or >130%
Lab blank >5% of the sample value.
Field blank >20% of the sample value.
Above the calibration range; i.e., greater than the
concentration of the highest calibration standard used to
make the calibration curve.
Travel blank (for PASD samples) was >5% of the sample
value.
Interpolated value (for sedimentation rate)
Sex was not confirmed by histology.
Intra-assay RSD> 7%
Data Field
Result
Sample value
Sample value
Estimated
detection limit
Estimated
detection limit
Estimated
detection limit
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
27
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Flag
C
C
C
C
C
C
COM
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Flag Description
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Caution for use of data
Comment
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
Qualifier
o
u
scp
w
q
XXX
text
c
d
i
m
n
na
P
s
t
Qualifier Description
Otolith was unreadable, age was determined by scale
Exceeds QA objective for accuracy (Hg objective = 15%
difference)
Due to low sediment quantity, SCPs were determined on the
secondary core from this site, with the flux values calculated
using sedimentation rate from same interval from the primary
core from this site. Metals were analyzed on both the
primary and secondary cores.
Weight is average of all samples.
Questionable data, with no reason provided
Laboratory contamination is suspected in these samples; see
SedimentAuxiliary Table SOC Notes for description
Text of comment
Interval combined with adjacent interval for analyses (Hg and
C on sediment)
Sediment core was not dated.
Otolith was not found.
kT is performed on male fish only.
No histology notes
Not analyzed, USGS labs code = -99
Not enough plasma for analysis
Assay not compatible in non-salmonid fishes
Not enough sample for analysis
Data Field
Result
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Sample value
Null
Null
Null
Null
Null
Null
Null
Null
Null
28
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Flag
X
X
X
X
X
Flag Description
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
No Value Reported
Qualifier
V
X
y
z
u
Qualifier Description
Failed QA objective(s)
Lab blank was >33% of the sample value.
Travel blank (for PASD samples) was >33% of the sample
value.
Analyst has determined that a measurement was not able to
be performed at this time.
missing data
Data Field
Result
Null
Null
Null
Null
Null
29
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WACAP User's
Table 13. Summary of Data Available
Media MediaSubset
Air
Atm Modeling
Fish Fillet
Fish Liver
Fish Whole
Moose Liver
Moose Meat
Sediment
Snow
Vegetation Conifer Needles
Vegetation Lichen
Water
AnalyteType
soc
Inorg/Phys
Metals
Metals
Biology/Path
Hg
SOC
Hg
Inorg/Phys
Metals
Hg
Inorg/Phys
Metals
SOC
Hg
Inorg/Phys
Metals
SOC
Hg
Inorg/Phys
Metals
SOC
Inorg/Phys
SOC
Hg
Inorg/Phys
Metals
SOC
Inorg/Phys
Metals
SOC
MediaBasis
dw
dw
ww
dw, lip, ww
ww
dw
dw
ww
dw,ww
dw
dw, lip, ww
dw, FF Flux
dw, FF Flux, ww
dw
dw, FF Flux, TOC, ww
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration, Flux
dw, ww
dw, lip, ww
dw
dw
dw
dw, lip, ww
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
LabCode
1
10
3
O
4
2
1
2
3
3
2
1,3
O
1
2
2
3
1
5,6
6,11
3
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
2,3
1
30
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Table 14. Air Data Query
Air Data
Air_Sample_Data
Air Site Data
WACAP No
WACAP No
Media
Park
AnalyteType
Site
S/te
SampleType
LabCode
Parameter
Data
Media/Basis
Units
Flag
Qualifier
Park
Park Name
Latitude (dd)
Longitude (dd)
Elevation (m)
Number of Sampling Days
PASDInstallationDate
PASDRetrievalDate
PASDInstallationTime
PASDRetrievalTime
Time Zone
Deployment Notes
Collection Notes
Location Directions
TidbitNo
Mapping Datum
-------
Table 15. Fish Data Query
WACAP Database User's Guide
Fish Data
Fish_Sample_Data
WACAP Lake Sites
WACAP No
WACAP No
Media
FishNo
MediaSubset
Park
AnalyteType
Site
S/te
SampleType
Species
Park
LabCode
DateSampled
Park Name
Parameter
TimeCollected
Elevation (m)
Data
DateProcessed
Latitude (dd)
Media/Basis
Assay
Longitude (dd)
Units
Flag
Qualifier
SOCHgBiolData [Yes/No Field]
SOC_Data [Yes/No Field]
Hg_Data [Yes/No Field]
Biology_Data [Yes/No Field]
Table 16. Moose Data Query
Moose_Data
WACAP No
Media
MediaSubset
AnalyteType
SampleType
LabCode
Parameter
Data
Media/Basis
Units
Flag
Qualifier
Moose_Sample_Data
WACAP No
Park
Site
Date Collected
Latitude (dd)
Longitude (dd)
Wt of Animal
Sex of Animal
Meat Location
Site_Description
Comments
Hunter Names
32
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Table 17. Sediment Data Query
Sediment Data
Sediment_Sample_Data
Sediment Site Data
WACAP No
WACAP No
Media
Park
AnalyteType
Site
Site
SampleType
Core
Core
LabCode
Primary/Secondary
Park
Parameter
Top_Interval (cm)
Park Name
Data
Bottomjnterval (cm)
Primary/Secondary
MediaBasis
Midjnterval (cm)
Elevation (m)
Units
ContainerType
Latitude (dd)
Flag
Volume (cmA3)
Longitude (dd)
Qualifier
Date_Midlnterval (y)
DateSampled
Sed_Rate (g/cmA2/y)
LabCode
FF
Flag
Qualifier
Number of Intervals
Core_Depth (cm)
Pb210_Dating [Yes/No Field]
SOC_Data [Yes/No Field]
Hg_Data [Yes/No Field]
Carbon_Data [Yes/No Field]
SCP_Data [Yes/No Field]
Metals_Data [Yes/No Field]
Table 18. Snow Data Query
Snow_Data
WACAP No
Media
AnalyteType
SampleType
LabCode
Parameter
Data
MediaBasis
Units
Flag
Qualifier
Snow_Sample_Data
WACAP No
Snow Site
Park
Park Name
DateSampled
TimeCollected
IRTSACC
Comments
Snow_Site_Data
Snow S/te
Park
Park Name
Site_Description
Latitude (dd)
Longitude (dd)
Elevation (m)
USGS Site Code
USGS Site ID
County Code
State Code
33
-------
Table 19. Vegetation Data Query
WACAP Database User's Guide
Vegetation_Data
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
WACAP No
WACAP No
Media
Site
Site
MediaSubset
Park
Park
AnalyteType
DateSampled
Park Name
SampleType
MediaSubset
ParkType
LabCode
Species
TargetLake
Parameter
FieldRepNo
DateSampled
Data
Weight (g)
County
Media/Basis
NeedleYear
State
Units
LichenSubstrate
Latitude (dd)
Flag
MoistureStatus
Longitude (dd)
Qualifier
Comments
Elevation (m)
Elevation (Ft)
SiteName
Locale
MappingDatum
GPSAccuracy(m)
PASD
PlotRadius(m)
PlotLength(m)
PlotWidth(m)
AspectDeg
Slope%
Exposure
ExposureCode
Landform
LandformPosition
%CanopyCover
CanopyGp
HabitatNotes
SampleNotes
VegCover76-100%
VegCover51-75%
VegCover26-50%
VegCover6-25%
VegCoverO-5%
Observers
Time Start
TimeEnd
WillowTime
NeedleTime
LichenTime
34
-------
Table 20. Water Data Query
WACAP Database User's Guide
Water Data
WACAP No
Water_Sample_Data
WACAP No
WACAP Lake Sites
Media
Park
AnalyteType
Site
S/te
SampleType
DateSampled
Park
LabCode
SampleDepth (m)
Park Name
Parameter
SampleDepth_Comment
Elevation (m)
Data
Sample_Stratum
Latitude (dd)
MediaBasis
SOC_Volume(L)
Longitude (dd)
Units
Flag
Qualifier
SOC Position
Table 21. Atmospheric Modeling Data Query
Atm_M odel i ng_Data
Park
Media
Cluster_Date
Season
LabCode
OneDay_Cluster
FiveDay_Cluster
TenDay_Cluster
AnalyteType
Parameter
Data
Units
Flag
Qualifier
Atm_Site_Data
Park
Park_Name
Start_Location_Latitude (dd)
Start_Location_Longitude (dd)
Start_Location_Elevation (m)
Meteorological Station Precipitation Data
Source
Distance from WACAP Site
35
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WACAP Database User's Guide
APPENDIX A. Field Name Descriptions
Field names for all tables are organized alphabetically.
FieldJMame
%CanopyCover
Abbreviation
AnalyteType
AspectDeg
Assay
Assay
Assay
Assay
Assay
Assay
Assay
Assay
Biology_Data
Abbreviations
Biology/Path,
SOC, Hg,
Metals,
Inorg/Phys
B
C
FB_SOC
GB_Hg
HB
HBO
M
OH
Description
The percent canopy cover, estimated by
summing midpoints for all tree & tall shrub
species recorded in VegCover classes (0-5 thru
76-100)
Abbreviation used in data result or parameter
name
Describes groups of parameters; this can be
used to search, sort, and retrieve data. See
Table 6 in the WACAP Database User's Guide
or table "2_AnalyteType_Descriptions" in the
WACAP Database for the abbreviations and
descriptions for the five groups of analyte types
in this field.
Aspect in degrees, compass direction downhill
Biological data are available
Only catch data are available (mass, FL, sex,
age, CF, FieldlDStageDevelopment)
Sample is field blank for SOC analyses
Sample is grind blank for mercury analyses
Mercury and biological data are available
Mercury, biological, and SOC data are available
Metals data are available
SOC and mercury data are available
Yes/No field; If checked, indicates there are
biological data available for this fish
Tables with FieldJMame
Vegetation_Site_Data
FishAuxiliaryTable_Codes_and_
Abbreviations,
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
Veg etati o n_S ite_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
36
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
Bottomjnterval (cm)
CanopyGp
Carbon_Data
Cluster_Date
CollectionNotes
Comments
ContainerType
Core
Core_Depth (cm)
County
County_Code
Abbreviations
m/d/yyyy or
mm/dd/yyyy
G, W
Description
Depth in cm from surface of core to the bottom
of the interval section; one sediment sample is
one interval, with core sections either 0.5, 1 .0,
or 2.0 cm thick
Canopy cover groups, 1 = none, 2 = >0-5%, 3 =
6-25%, 4 =26-50%, 5 =51-75%, 6 =76-100%, 7
= >100%
Yes/No field, if checked, indicates carbon
analyses were completed on some core
intervals
Date of collection in month/day/year for data
used to calculate back trajectories used in
clusters
Notes regarding PASD collection
Comments as recorded on field collection sheet
for Moose, Snow, or Vegetation data, or
comments concerning sediment analyses
Type of container sediment interval was placed
in as core was sliced; G= glass jar, W= whirlpak
bag
Core number, assigned consecutively as cores
were collected
Total depth of core, from surface interval to
deepest interval
Name of the US county in which the site is
located
USGS code for county in which the site is
located
Tables with FieldJMame
Sediment_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Sediment_Site_Data
Atm_Modeling_Data
Air_Site_Data
Moose_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Notes,
Snow_Sample_Data,
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Sediment_Sample_Data
Sediment_Site_Data,
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3
_d Base IDs
Sediment_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Snow_Site_Data
37
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
Data
Date_Collected
Date_Midlnterval (y)
Date Processed
DateSampled
Definition
DeploymentNotes
Distance from WACAP
Site
Elevation (Ft)
Elevation (m)
Exposure
ExposureCode
Abbreviations
Description
Contains data result for the specified sample,
sample type, parameter, and media basis.
Date moose samples were harvested
Date of mid-interval of sediment section, in year
Date fish was ground in blender with liquid
nitrogen
Date the site was visited and samples were
collected
Description of abbreviation used for data result
for parameter, or for parameter name
Notes regarding PASD deployment
Distance to WACAP site from trajectory starting
latitudes and longitudes
Elevation in feet, for reference to USGS
topographic maps
Elevation in meters
Gross classification of sample exposure: full
sun, partly shaded, deep shade. Treeless
areas = full sun
1= deep shade, 2= partly shaded, 3= slightly
shaded, 4= full sun
Tables with FieldJMame
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes
Moose_Sample_Data
Sediment_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Sediment_Site_Data,
Vegetation_Site_Data, Fish_Sample_Data,
Snow_Sample_Data,
Vegetation_Sample_Data,
Water_Sample_Data
FishAuxiliaryTable_Codes_and_
Abbreviations
Air_Site_Data
Atm_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data, Sediment_Site_Data,
Snow Site Data, Vegetation Site Data,
WACAP_Lake_Sites
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
38
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WACAP Database User's Guide
Field Name
Abbreviations
Description
Tables with Field Name
FF
Focusing factor for lake, calculated for each
sediment core to correct for differences in
sediment focusing among WACAP lakes. See
Section 3.4.6.2 in WACAP Final Report for
more information
Sediment_Sample_Data
FieldRepNo
1,2, or 3
Field replicate number; e.g., if two collections of
the same species were made on the same site,
the first bag is replicate 1, the second bag is
replicate 2. In 2003 and 2004 we tried to obtain
3 replicates per site; in 2005 only 1 sample was
collected at most sites (= replicate 1), and
replicate samples were collected of each
sample type at one site in every other park.
Note: 1a= 2004 growth, 1b= 2003 growth
collected at same time from same tree.
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Fish Site
Name of site fish were collected from, including
WACAP lake sites
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
FishNo
Fish identification number, coded by lake,
assigned by Lab 4 (Oregon State University fish
laboratories); FishNo for historic fish used as
fish identification number
Fish_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
FiveDay_Cluster
A,B,C, D, E, F
Back-trajectories for a five day period of time
represent a meteorological calculation of the
path that an individual air particle has traveled
over five days. Five-day trajectories were then
grouped into 6 clusters, and labeled
alphabetically, starting with A for the shortest
clusters, to F for the longest clusters. These
clusters provide information about the routes of
contaminant transport as well as the climatology
for each park.
Atm_Modeling_Data
39
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
Flag
GPSAccuracy(m)
HabitatNotes
Hg_Data
Hunter_Names
Intersex
IRTSACC
Lab3_dBaselD
LabCode
Landform
Abbreviations
null, BDL, ND,
C, X, or COM
Yes or null
1 to 11
Description
Defines the use/do not use status of the data;
qualifiers define why or what is wrong. See
Table 1 1 in the WACAP Database User's Guide
or table "8_Flags_and_Qualifiers" in the
WACAP Database for Units abbreviations and
descriptions; null=acceptable sample value,
BDL= below detection limit, C=cautions for use,
X=no value reported
Accuracy of GPS reading, in meters, for latitude
and longitude
Field notes on physical characteristics and
vegetation on the site
Yes/No field, if checked, indicates Hg data are
available
Names of hunters who donated moose samples
Presence or absence of both male and female
reproductive structures in the same fish; Yes=
present, null= absent
USGS sample identification number
Lab 3 (USGS Trace Element Environmental
Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Boulder, CO)
database ID for each WACAP_No
See Table 4 in the WACAP Database User's
Guide or table "4_LabCodes" in the WACAP
Database for laboratory codes and contact
information.
Landform from topographic map
Tables with FieldJMame
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Sediment_Site_Data, Fish_Sample_Data
Moose_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Snow_Sample_Data
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3_
dBaselDs
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
Vegetation_Site_Data
40
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
LandformPosition
Latitude (dd)
LichenSubstrate
LichenTime
Locale
LocationDirections
Longitude (dd)
Mapping Datum
Meat_Location
Media
Abbreviations
Air,
Atm_Modeling,
Fish, Moose,
Sediment,
Snow,
Vegetation,
Water
Description
1= flatland, 2= toeslope, 3= mid-slope, 4= upper
slope, 5= ridgetop
Latitude in decimal degrees
Name and part of the plant on which the lichen
was growing (if an epiphyte) or the terricolous or
saxicolous substrates (if otherwise)
Time in hours and minutes required to collect
lichens at this site
Verbal description of the site location
Specific directions describing the location of
PASD
Longitude in decimal degrees
Mapping datum reference used to locate
latitude and longitude
Location on moose where meat sample was
collected
Ecosystem component
Tables with FieldJMame
Vegetation_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data, Sediment_Site_Data,
Snow Site Data, Vegetation Site Data,
WACAP_Lake_Sites,
Moose_Sample_Data,
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Veg etati o n_S ite_Data
Air_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data, Sediment_Site_Data,
Snow_Site_Data, Vegetation_Site_Data,
WACAP_Lake_Sites,
Moose_Sample_Data,
Air_Site_Data, Vegetation_Site_Data
Moose_Sample_Data
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
41
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
MediaBasis
Median_Detectionl_imit
MediaSubset
Metals_Data
Meteorological Station
Precipitation Data Source
Midjnterval (cm)
MoistureStatus
NeedleTime
Abbreviations
Concentration,
Flux, ww, dw,
lip, etc.
Fillet, Liver,
Whole, Meat,
Lichen,
ConiferNeedles,
WillowBark
damp, dry, or
wet
Description
Indicates whether the data value reported is in
concentration units based on dry, or wet weight,
or normalized to the lipid or total organic carbon
content, or is reported in flux units. See Table 9
in the WACAP Database User's Guide or table
"6_MediaBasis_Descriptions" in the WACAP
Database for MediaBasis abbreviations and
descriptions.
Median detection limit for parameter for
sediment analyses
Subset of media field indicates whether analysis
was on whole fish, fillet or liver for fish, meat or
liver for moose, and conifer needles or lichen for
vegetation. WillowBark was collected, but was
not analyzed.
Yes/No field, if checked, indicates metals
analyses were completed on some core
intervals
Data source for precipitation data
Depth in cm from surface of core to the middle
of the interval section; one sediment sample is
one interval, with core sections either 0.5, 1 .0,
or 2.0 cm thick
Moisture condition of sample was weather
dependent: dry, damp or (if collected in the rain)
wet. Wet and damp samples were never dried,
but sealed in the bag in whatever condition they
were found in the field. Samples were kept cool
by placing them on ice and eventually frozen in
the laboratory.
Time in hours and minutes required to collect
willow bark at this site
Tables with FieldJMame
Air_Data, Fish_Data, Moose_Data,
Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
Fish_Data, Moose_Data, Vegetation_Data,
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Sediment_Site_Data
Atm_Site_Data
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3_
dBaselDs
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
42
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
NeedleYear
Number of Sampling Days
Number_of_lntervals
Observers
OneDay_Cluster
Parameter
Abbreviations
1,2, 1 & 2,
orNA
A,B,C, D, E, F
Description
Age in years of conifer needle and leaf samples
collected. 1 = the current year's growth, 2 = the
prior years growth, 1& 2 = both years collected
(these samples must be clipped into first and
second years growth prior to lab analysis), or
NA = sample was not a needle or leaf.
Number of days PASD was at site
Total number of intervals in core after extruding
and slicing core
Full names of the people who made
observations or collected samples at the site
Back-trajectories for a one day period of time
represent a meteorological calculation of the
path that an individual air particle has traveled
over one day. One-day trajectories were then
grouped into 6 clusters, and labeled
alphabetically, starting with A for the shortest
clusters, to F for the longest clusters. These
clusters provide information about the routes of
contaminant transport as well as the climatology
for each park.
See Table 8 in the WACAP Database User's
Guide or table "5_Parameter_Abbreviations" in
the WACAP Database for parameter
abbreviations and descriptions.
Tables with FieldJMame
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Air_Site_Data
Sediment_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Atm_Modeling_Data
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
43
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
Park
Park_Name
ParkType
PASD
PASDInstallationDate
PASDInstallationTime
PASDRetrievalDate
PASDRetrievalTime
Pb210_Dating
PlotLength(m)
PlotRadius(m)
PlotWidth(m)
Abbreviations
Description
National Park Service code for the
administrative unit (park, monument, preserve,
wilderness), usually the first four letters of the
park name, or if the name has two words, the
first 2 letters of the first two words in the name.
See table "WACAP_Lake_Sites" for full park
names for each code. Note that in the
Vegetation_Site_Data, STLE is a WACAP name
for the US Forest Service Wilderness area.
Full name of the administrative unit (park,
monument, preserve, wilderness, national
forest)
1= core park, 2= secondary park
Yes if PASD was deployed at site, null if PASD
was not deployed
Date of PASD installation
Time of PASD installation
Date of PASD retrieval
Time of PASD retrieval
Yes/No field, if checked, indicates core was
dated
Estimated length in m of collecting area if it was
not roughly circular, habitat and vegcover notes
apply to this area
Estimated radius in m of collecting area, habitat
and vegcover notes apply to this area
Estimated width in m of collecting area if it was
not roughly circular, habitat and vegcover notes
apply to this area
Tables with FieldJMame
Air_Site_Data, Atm_Site_Data,
Sediment_Site_Data, Snow_Site_Data,
Vegetation_Site_Data,
WACAP_Lake_Sites, Air_Sample_Data,
Fish_Sample_Data, Moose_Sample_Data,
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3_dBa
selDs, Snow_Sample_Data,
Vegetation_Sample_Data,
WACAP_Lake_Sites, Water_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Air_Site_Data, Atm_Site_Data,
Sediment_Site_Data, Snow_Site_Data,
Vegetation Site Data,
WACAP_Lake_Sites, Atm_Site_Data,
Snow_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data
Sediment_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
44
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
Primary/Secondary
Qualifier
Region
Sample_Stratum
SampleDepth (m)
SampleDepth_Comment
SampleNotes
Abbreviations
r, a, c, d, e, etc.
epi or hypo
Description
Indicates if core was primary or secondary core;
primary core was dated and if stratigraphy was
intact, was used for most analyses; secondary
core was usually not dated, but used for some
analyses if needed
Used with flags to define why or what is wrong.
See Table 1 1 in the WACAP Database User's
Guide or table "8_Flags_and_Qualifiers" in the
WACAP Database for Units abbreviations and
descriptions.
Geographic region where fish were collected:
Arctic Alaska, Denali, Olympics/Cascades,
Rockies, or Sierras
epi=sample collected in epilimnion, hypo=
sample collected in hypolimnion
Depth (in meters) below lake surface sample
was collected or measurement made
Comments as recorded on field collection sheet
Notes relevant to the samples collected on the
site.
Tables with FieldJMame
Sediment_Site_Data,
Sediment_Sample_Data
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Water_Sample_Data
Water_Sample_Data
Water_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
45
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
SampleType
SCP_Data
Season
Sed_Rate (g/cmA2/y)
Sex
Site
Site/Sample
Abbreviations
AREP, FB, GB,
LB, R, REP, etc.
1-WI.2-SP,
3-SU, 4-AU
MorF
Description
Indicates whether sample was collected as a
regular sample, or field replicate, analytical
replicate, field blank, laboratory blank, etc. The
sample type of R, for regular sample, should be
selected when retrieving data for most data
analyses. All vegetation samples were
collected with 2 or 3 replicates at each site, so
regular samples have SampleType = REP. Fish
samples are considered replicates from the
same lake, so their standard sample type is
"REP." See Table 7 in the WACAP Database
User's Guide or table
"3_SampleType_Descriptions" in the WACAP
Database for SampleType abbreviations and
descriptions
Yes/No field, if checked, indicates SCP
analyses were completed on some core
intervals
1-WI= Winter, 2-SP= Spring, 3-SU= Summer,
4-AU= Autumn
Sedimentation rate in grams per square
centimeter per year for sediment interval
Sex of moose or fish; M = male, F= female
Lake name, or site code for air and vegetation
sites, with the first four letters the ParkCode,
followed by a number, usually in order by
elevation (e.g. 1 is lowest, 5 is highest).
Lake site name, and sample(s) comments apply
to
Tables with FieldJMame
Air_Data, Fish_Data, Moose_Data,
Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3_
dBaselDs
Sediment_Site_Data
Atm_Modeling_Data
Sediment_Sample_Data
Moose_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Air_Site_Data, Sediment_Site_Data,
Vegetation_Site_Data,
WACAP_Lakes_Sites, Air_Sample_Data,
Fish_Sample_Data,
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3_
dBaselDs, Vegetation_Sample_Data,
Water_Sample_Data
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Notes
46
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
Site_Description
SiteName
Slope%
Snow_Site
SOC_Data
SOC_Position
SOC_Volume (L)
SOCHgBiolData
Species
Start Location Elevation
(m)
Start Location Latitude
(dd)
Start Location Longitude
(dd)
Abbreviations
Deep or
Shallow
Description
Descriptive name of sample site
Name of the WACAP sample collection site
Average percent slope on the site, measured
with a clinometer.
Name of sample site for snow samples,
including the WACAP lake names
Yes/No field, if checked, indicates SOC data are
available
Refers to area in lake where Infiltrex pump was
anchored: Deep indicates sampler was
anchored at deepest area in lake, Shallow
indicates sampler was anchored at a point
where lake depth was approximately 4 meters
deep.
Volume of lake water sampled, filtered, and
extracted for SOCs in situ with an Infiltrex 100
submersible pump
Yes/No field; If checked, indicates there are
SOC, Hg, and biological data available for this
fish
Species offish captured, or species of
vegetation collected
Elevation in meters of trajectory starting location
Latitude in decimal degrees of trajectory starting
location
Longitude in decimal degrees of trajectory
starting location
Tables with FieldJMame
Snow_Site_Data, Moose_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Snow_Site_Data, Snow_Sample_Data,
Moose_Sample_Data
Sediment_Site_Data, Fish_Sample_Data
Water_Sample_Data
Water_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data
Fish_Sample_Data,
Vegetation_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Atm_Site_Data
Atm_Site_Data
Atm_Site_Data
47
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
State
State_Code
TargetLake
TenDay_Cluster
TestisCategory
TidbitNo
TimeCollected
TimeEnd
Abbreviations
A,B,C, D, E, F
a, b, c, d
Description
State code abbreviation, AK = Alaska, CA=
California, CO = Colorado, WY = Wyoming, TX
= Texas, NM = New Mexico, WA = Washington,
OR= Oregon, MT = Montana
USGS code for state in which the site is located
Target WACAP lake basin sampled for other
WACAP matrices
Back-trajectories for a ten day period of time
represent a meteorological calculation of the
path that an individual air particle has traveled
over ten days. Ten-day trajectories were then
grouped into 6 clusters, and labeled
alphabetically, starting with A for the shortest
clusters, to F for the longest clusters. These
clusters provide information about the routes of
contaminant transport as well as the climatology
for each park.
Grading system used to determine extent of
testicular abnormalities; a= normal testis, b=
poorly developed testis for fish of that size/age
(i.e. does not show signs of reproductive
maturity at a time of year when other fish are
maturing), c= normally developing testis with
primary or perinucleolar oocytes, d= poorly
developed testis of degenerative testis with
perinucleolar oocytes and/or vitellogenic
oocytes
Identification number of temperature tidbit
Time of day fish or snow sample was collected
Time of day that sample collection ended
Tables with FieldJMame
Vegetation_Site_Data
Snow_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Atm_Modeling_Data
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Air_Site_Data
Fish_Sample_Data, Snow_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
48
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
TimeFrame
TimeStart
TimeZone
To p_ Interval (cm)
Units
USGS_Site_Code
USGS_Site_ID
VegCoverO-5%
VegCover26-50%
VegCover51-75%
VegCover6-25%
VegCover76-100%
Volume (cmA3)
Abbreviations
pg/g,
mgC/cmA2/y,
|jg/ml, etc.
Description
Current = fish collected from 2003 to 2006;
Historic = fish collected before 1935 and
obtained from the University of Washington
School of Fisheries (Seattle) or the California
Academy of Sciences in San Francisco.
Time of day that sample collection began
Time zone in effect for PASD installation and
retrieval times
Depth in cm from surface of core to the top of
the interval section; one sediment sample is one
interval, with core sections either 0.5, 1 .0, or 2.0
cm thick
See Table 10 in the WACAP Database User's
Guide or table "7_Unit_Abbreviations" in the
WACAP Database for Units abbreviations and
descriptions.
USGS code for site
USGS identification code for site
Plants with a ground or canopy cover ranging
from a trace to 5%.
Plants with a ground or canopy cover ranging
from 26-50%.
Plants with a ground or canopy cover ranging
from 5 1-75%.
Plants with a ground or canopy cover ranging
from 6-25%.
Plants with a ground or canopy cover ranging
from 76-1 00%.
Calculated volume of sediment interval in cubic
centimeter; 0.5 cm interval = 29 cmA3, 1 .0 cm
interval = 58 cmA3, 2 cm interval = 116 cmA3
Tables with FieldJMame
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Vegetation_Site_Data
Air_Site_Data
Sediment_Sample_Data
Air_Data, Atm_Modeling_Data, Fish_Data,
Moose_Data, Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_
MedianDetectionLimits
Snow_Site_Data
Snow_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Sediment_Sample_Data
49
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WACAP Database User's Guide
FieldJMame
WACAP_No
Weight (g)
WillowTime
Wt_of_Animal (Ibs)
Year_Collected
Abbreviations
range from
36001 to
66875, non-
continuously
Description
Each WACAP sample was assigned a 5 digit
number, with the first digit representing the year
the sample was collected, i.e., 3 for the year
2003, 4 for the year 2004, etc. The second digit
is assigned as "6" or "8" and denotes the
WACAP project at the WRS Analytical
Laboratory. The third digit represents the media
sampled. The WACAP_No field is the primary
key used to link the sample with site and
sampling information. The WACAP_No used
with the SampleType, Parameter, and
MediaBasis fields uniquely identify each sample
result.
Field weight of the sample, not including the
collection bag.
Time in hours and minutes required to collect
conifer needles at this site
Weight of moose in pounds as reported by
collector
Year fish were collected
Tables with FieldJMame
Air_Data, Fish_Data, Moose_Data,
Sediment_Data, Snow_Data,
Vegetation_Data, Water_Data;
Air_Sample_Data, Fish_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_Histopathology_Notes,
Moose_Sample_Data,
Sediment_Sample_Data,
SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Metals_Lab3_dBa
selDs, SedimentAuxiliaryTable_Notes,
Snow_Sample_Data,
Vegetation_Sample_Data,
Water_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
Vegetation_Sample_Data
Vegetation_Site_Data
Moose_Sample_Data,
FishAuxiliaryTable_TestesCategories
50
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