Use of Data from "Development of
Generic Link-Level Driving Cycles",
Sierra Research, May 5, 2009
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
-------
Use of Data from "Development of
Generic Link-Level Driving Cycles",
Sierra Research, May 5, 2009
Assessment and Standards Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Prepared for EPA by
Sierra Research, Inc.
EPA Contract No. EP-C-05-037
Work Assignment No.3-02
NOTICE
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA-420-B-12-050
August 2012
-------
Use of Data from "Development of Generic Link-Level Driving Cycles",
Sierra Research, May 5, 2009
August, 2012
The report "Development of Generic Link-Level Driving Cycles", Sierra Research, May
5, 2009, was developed to document inputs provided to the EPA Motor Vehicle
Emissions Simulator. This cover note provides additional detail on how this data was
incorporated into official versions of MOVES, particularly MOVES2010, MOVES2010a
and MOVES2010b, as released in 2009, 2010 and 2012. All three of these versions of
MOVES use the same driving cycles and same basic methodology for the road cycles.
Only light-duty vehicle driving cycles were updated as part of this effort. No new data
were available to develop heavy or medium duty vehicle driving cycles.
A driving cycle in the MOVES context is a one hertz vehicle speed - time trace that
represents typical driving of a vehicle over a period of time. It shows the acceleration,
deceleration and steady state driving events. In MOVES the cycles range in length from
as little as 265 seconds to over 5000 seconds. The set of default driving schedules in
MOVES represent typical driving in the United States.
The central purpose of this study and the subsequent report by Sierra Research was to
build a library of link-specific and/or project level driving cycles for use in the MOVES
model as default cycles. In the project Sierra reviewed and analyzed existing driving
datasets for the purpose of developing actual project-level cycles for specific
links/roadway types that could be determined from these existing datasets. A total of 15
of these new cycles were added to the MOVES model as default cycles.
The MOVES model contains driving cycles for each road-type and speed bin. They also
reflect traffic congestion levels "A" through "F" as defined by the Federal Highway
Administration. There are four road-types (combinations of rural and urban and freeway
and arterial), and thirteen speed bins ranging from 2.5 miles per hour to 75 miles per
hour. The study was not extensive enough to fill all combinations of road-type and
speed bin. For these road type and speed bin combinations the existing MOVES driving
cycle was retained. In a few cases, more than one driving cycle was developed by Sierra
for a given road-type and speed bin combination. In these cases, the one that was thought
to be most representative of actual in-use driving was chosen for inclusion in the MOVES
model as a default driving cycle. Table P-l lists the set of cycles which were
incorporated into the MOVES model as default driving cycles.
Sierra developed some very specific ramp cycles as part of the work assignment.
Because of the nature of the study, most of these cycles were off-ramp and were highly
specific to the geography of ramp. As a result, they were not incorporated into MOVES.
Instead, a cycle with an average speed of 34.7 mph that represents all ramp types - on-
ramp, off-ramp and transition ramp was retained in MOVES.
-------
Table P-l: Driving Cycles Used in MOVES2010A/B Developed by Sierra Research for
Report No. SR2009-05-02
Driving Cycles Used in MOVES2010A/B Developed by Sierra Research for
Report No. SR2009-05-02
Driving Cycle Name
FC01LOSAF Cycle (C10R04-00854)
FC11LOSB Cycle (C10R02-00546)
FC11LOSC Cycle (C15R09-00849)
FC1 1LOSD Cycle (C15R10-00068)
FC11LOSE Cycle (C15R1 1-00851)
FC11LOSF Cycle (C15RO 1-00876)
FC14LOSF Cycle (C15R05-00424)
FC19LOSAC Cycle (C15R08-00267)
FC02LOSDF Cycle (C10R05-00513)
FC14LOSB Cycle (C15R07-00177)
FC14LOSC Cycle (C10R04-00104)
FC17LOSD Cycle (C15R05-00480)
FC12LOSC Cycle (C15R04-00582)
FC12LOSD Cycle (C15R09-00037)
FC12LOSE Cycle (C15R1 0-00782)
Average Speed
73.80
66.36
64.40
58.79
46.13
20.60
8.72
15.73
49.07
31.02
25.38
18.58
63.66
52.83
43.27
MOVES Index Value
1009
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1033
1043
1011
1029
1030
1041
1024
1025
1026
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Report No. SR2009-05-02
Development of Generic
Link-Level Driving Cycles
prepared for:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
May 5, 2009
prepared by:
Sierra Research, Inc.
1801 J Street
Sacramento, California 95811
(916) 444-6666
-------
Report No. SR2009-05-02
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERIC LINK-LEVEL DRIVING CYCLES
prepared for:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
May 5, 2009
Principal authors:
Thomas R. Carlson
Thomas C. Austin
Dennis McClement
Sung-Hoon Yoon
Sierra Research, Inc.
1801 J Street
Sacramento, C A 95811
(916)444-6666
-------
DEVELOPMENT OF GENERIC LINK-LEVEL DRIVING CYCLES
Table of Contents
1. SUMMARY 1
2. INTRODUCTION 6
2.1 Background 6
2.2 Project Objectives 7
2.3 Organization of the Report 8
3. DATA IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION 10
3.1 Assessment and Compilation of Existing Driving Datasets 10
3.2 Driving Data Cleaning and Processing 19
4. CYCLE DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY 32
4.1 Driving Data Grouping 32
4.2 Driving Group Statistical Characterizations 35
4.3 Candidate Cycle Construction 43
4.4 Selection of Most Representative Cycles 49
4.5 Cycle Optimization Editing 54
5. CYCLE RESULTS 56
5.1 Cycle Statistics 56
5.2 Speed-Time Traces 59
6. MOVES CYCLE EMISSIONS COMPARISON 67
6.1 Testing Study Data and Processing 67
6.2 Comparison to MOVES Estimates 71
7. REFERENCES 80
APPENDIX A Driving Population SAFDs, VSP Distributions and Summary Statistics -
Compensated for Road Grade
APPENDIX B Driving Population SAFDs, VSP Distributions and Summary Statistics -
Without Road Grade Compensation
APPENDIX C Final Link-Level Driving Cycle Traces
APPENDIX D MOVES vs. CAMP Measured Emission Rates
APPENDIX E Responses to EPA Comments
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List of Figures
Figure
Figure 3-1 Aerial Image of 1-5 and Florin Road Interchange in Sacramento
Metropolitan Area 28
Figure 4-1 Example Driving Population SAFD and Summary Statistics - Urban
Interstate (FC11) LOS A Driving 40
Figure 4-2 Example Driving Population SAFD and Summary Statistics - Urban
Interstate (FC11) LOS F Driving 41
Figure 4-3 Short List of Best Candidate Cycles for FC01-LOSA-F Driving 51
Figure 5-1 Urban Interstate (FC=11) LOS A Driving Cycle 60
Figure 5-2 Urban Interstate (FC=11) LOS D Driving Cycle 60
Figure 5-3 Urban Interstate (FC=11) LOS F Driving Cycle 60
Figure 5-4 Urban Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS A Driving Cycle 61
Figure 5-5 Urban Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS D Driving Cycle 61
Figure 5-6 Urban Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS F Driving Cycle 61
Figure 5-7 Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS A-C Driving Cycle 62
Figure 5-8 Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS D Driving Cycle 62
Figure 5-9 Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS E-F Driving Cycle 62
Figure 5-10 Rural Interstate (FC=01) LOS A-F Driving Cycle 63
Figure 5-11 Rural Major Arterial (FC=06) LOS A-F Driving Cycle 63
Figure 5-12 Rural Collector (FC=08) LOS A-F Driving Cycle 63
Figure 5-13 Diamond, Downgrade (D-D) On-Ramp Driving Cycle 64
Figure 5-14 Diamond, Level Grade (D-L) On-Ramp Driving Cycle 64
Figure 5-15 Diamond, Upgrade (D-U) On-Ramp Driving Cycle 64
Figure 5-16 Loop, Downgrade (L-D) On-Ramp Driving Cycle 65
Figure 5-17 Loop, Level Grade (L-L) On-Ramp Driving Cycle 65
-11-
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Figure 5-18 Loop, Upgrade (L-U) On-Ramp Driving Cycle 65
Figure 5-19 Metered On-Ramp Driving Cycle 66
Figure 5-20 Non-Metered On-Ramp Driving Cycle 66
Figure 6-1 MOVES vs. CAMP Measured THC Emission Rates by VSP Bin for
Model Year 1996 Passenger Cars, Ages 6-7 Years 75
Figure 6-2 MOVES vs. CAMP Measured CO Emission Rates by VSP Bin for
Model Year 1996 Passenger Cars, Ages 6-7 Years 76
Figure 6-3 MOVES vs. CAMP Measured NOx Emission Rates by VSP Bin for
Model Year 1996 Passenger Cars, Ages 6-7 Years 77
Figure 6-4 Distribution of Operating Frequencies by VSP/Speed Bin, FTP vs.
All CAMP Driving Cycles 78
List of Tables
Table
Table 1-1 Cycle Statistics Summary for Functional Class (FC) Cycles 4
Table 1-2 Cycle Statistics Summary for Freeway On-Ramp (OR) Cycles 5
Table 3-1 Summary of Driving Data Sources Evaluated for Use in Development
of Initial MOVES Link-Level Driving Cycles 13
Table 3-2 UPMS-Based Functional Class Definitions 16
Table 3-3 Caltrans/CARB (CAMP) 2000 Route-Based Driving Study Single-
Second Record Counts by Study Area 17
Table 3-4 Illustration of Stops in South Coast Road Segment Database 26
Table 3-5 Excerpt of Ramp Coordinates File Used in OR Study Post-Processing 28
Table 4-1 Distribution of FC Driving Data Records by Functional Class and
Observed LOS 33
Table 4-2 Distribution of OR Driving Data Records by Combined Ramp/Grade
Type and Ramp Metering Status 34
Table 4-3 Comparison of Key Driving Statistics Across Driving Groups 42
Table 4-4 Trip Segment Counts by Driving Data Group 45
-in-
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Table 4-5 Candidate Cycle Building Input Combinations Per Driving Group 48
Table 4-6 Approximated Emissions Weighting Scheme 52
Table 4-7 Selected Best Cycles and Their Ranking Based on Non-Cruise
DiffSum 53
Table 5-1 Cycle Statistics Summary for Functional Class (FC) Cycles (Final
Cycles After Cruise Optimization Editing) 57
Table 5-2 Cycle Statistics Summary for Freeway On-Ramp (OR) Cycles (Final
Cycles After Cruise Optimization Editing) 58
Table 6-1 Key CAMP Emission Test Cycle Statistics 69
Table 6-2 MOVES Running Exhaust Operating Mode Bin Definitions 71
Table 6-3 Overall Emission Comparison Between MOVES vs. CAMP
Measurements by Model Year, Age Group and Vehicle Type 72
-IV-
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1. SUMMARY
Under Contract No. EP-C-05-037, Work Assignment No. 3-02 funded by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Sierra Research, Inc. (Sierra) developed a set
of specific link-level driving cycles to support future project-level emissions analysis
capabilities being built into the MOVES vehicle emission model.
The MOtor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) model has been designed to provide
emission estimates ranging from the microscale level (individual projects or roadways) to
the macroscale level (county, state, and nationwide inventories). Thus far, the MOVES
development process has focused primary on macroscale applications, such as estimating
emission inventories in specific counties or regulatory planning areas.
The next development stage for the model is intended to include more microscale-
oriented applications, such as roadway link level modeling or project level modeling. For
example, the user may want to model the vehicle emissions from a specific expressway
interchange, or model the expected change in emissions from an arterial roadway corridor
for which congestion level improvements are expected through signal synchronization or
widening/capacity increases.
The central purpose of this study was to build a library of link-specific and/or project
level driving cycles for use in the MOVES model as default cycles.
EPA originally anticipated that the link-level cycles developed under this study would be
generic in nature and represent default cases or "placeholders" within the MOVES model
until more detailed data became available in the future. However, after initial discussions
between EPA and Sierra, it became clear that "generic" cycles for many types of links or
project-level applications simply could not be easily or defensibly developed without
actual measurements. Thus, it was mutually agreed that Sierra would review and analyze
existing driving datasets for the purpose of developing actual project-level cycles for
specific links/roadway types that could be determined from these existing datasets within
the resource limits of the study. In addition, the study would include a brief assessment
of other types of useful project-level driving cycles that might be of interest to MOVES
end users, even if driving data for those types of cycles were not currently available.
The key elements of this effort are summarized as follows.
* Driving "cycles" are second-by-second speed vs. time traces that have been developed from a broader
sample of driving pattern measurements that are intended to represent a particular population of vehicle
operation (e.g., all freeways).
-1-
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Existing Data Assessment - Before consideration was given to the particular type of link-
level cycles to be developed under this study for use in MOVES, an assessment of
available data for generating such cycles was first performed. In reviewing potential
sources of existing driving data, specific criteria were established that would be used to
determine whether the type of data was adequate for the development of link-level
driving cycles. These criteria included the following:
The type of measurement technologies employed;
The range of data collected; and
The parameters or attributes that had been used in the existing data to characterize
different types of driving, or that could be determined through subsequent post-
processing.
Ten existing driving studies (or types of studies) were evaluated. Data from two of these
studies were selected for use in developing link-level driving cycles:
1. Caltrans/CARB 2000 California Route-Based Driving; and
2. CARB/Sierra 2004 Sacramento Ramp Driving.
These datasets were selected because they were very well-suited to being able to be
organized into logical groups that matched these capabilities of other models (travel
models) that would often be used or available for project-level analysis.
Although significant post-processing had to be performed on the 2004 Sacramento Ramp
Driving data, EPA placed a very high priority on development of freeway on-ramp cycles
under this effort.
Data Validation and Post-Processing - A series of data cleaning/validation procedures
were applied to both datasets under this effort. A key validation element consisted of the
development and application of an algorithm to post-process GPS-based altitude
measurements to produce reasonable estimates of second-by-second road grade.
As alluded to above, another significant component of this validation/processing phase
consisted of "mining" freeway on-ramp traverses from a broader collection of data over
other roadway types contained in the 2004 Sacramento Ramp Driving database. In
addition, the ramp traverses were able to be classified into several different
configurations (e.g., metered vs. non-metered ramps) for which project-level analyses are
often of interest.
Driving Data Grouping and Statistical Characterization - Under this element, the
validated and post-processed driving data were categorized into two separate sets of
driving groups: (1) roadway type and congestion level groups; and (2) common ramp
-2-
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configuration groups. Exhaustive sets of driving data statistics, including MOVES-based
Vehicle-Specific Power distributions, were then calculated and tabulated for each
individual "link-level" driving group.
Driving Cycle Development - A total of 47 distinct link-level second-by-second driving
cycles were developed to best match the statistical characterizations developed for each
driving group. Thirty-nine (39) of the cycles were developed for individual roadway type
and congestion level combinations (covering all roadway types and congestion levels).
Eight of the cycles were specific to freeway on-ramps. Although these on-ramp cycles
were limited in their representativeness by the relative lack of available data, an
alternative approach based on driving data Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) distributions is
suggested for implementation of the specialized on-ramp driving patterns into MOVES.
MOVES Emission Rate Evaluation - Finally, a "sidebar" task was performed under this
effort that consisted of a comparative analysis of MOVES emission estimates against
actual modal emission measurements from an earlier transient cycle testing program.
The purpose was to provide EPA with another source of actual emission measurements
for MOVES validation purposes. Although the comparison was limited to a degree by
the size of the emission measurement dataset and the resources available under this study,
a series of detailed comparisons of actual total hydrocarbon (THC), carbon monoxide
(CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission rates from the study were compared to
equivalent rates currently contained in MOVES. Although a few anomalies were found,
MOVES' rates were found to be in general agreement with the actual measurements,
once sample size and content were considered.
Tables 1-1 and 1-2 present key statistics for each of the link-level driving cycles
developed under this effort.
Table 1-1 lists these statistics for the cycles developed by roadway type and congestion
level. The notations for the cycle names listed are based on the HPMS Functional Class
(a roadway type categorization scheme) and Level of Service (LOS, a measure of
congestion). (Section 3 of the report provides more details about these schemes.) Both
rural (FC01 through FC09) and urban (FC11 through FC19) cycles were developed. The
summary statistics presented in Table 1-1 show expected differences across driving
groups. For example, speeds generally decrease with increasing congestion (from LOS A
to LOS F).
Table 1-2 presents similar statistical comparisons for the specialized on-ramp cycles.
These cycles were developed for distinct ramp shapes (Diamond vs. Loop), road grades
(Downgrade, Level, Update), and ramp metering states (On or Off).
-------
Table 1-1
Cycle Statistics Summary for Functional Class (FC) Cycles
Driving
Cycle
FC01LOSAF
FC02LOSAC
FC02LOSDF
FC06LOSAF
FC07LOSAF
FC08LOSAF
FC09LOSAF
FC11LOSA
FC11LOSB
FC11LOSC
FC11LOSD
FC11LOSE
FC11LOSF
FC12LOSA
FC12LOSB
FC12LOSC
FC12LOSD
FC12LOSE
FC12LOSF
FC14LOSA
FC14LOSB
FC14LOSC
FC14LOSD
FC14LOSE
FC14LOSF
FC16LOSA
FC16LOSB
FC16LOSC
FC16LOSD
FC16LOSE
FC16LOSF
FC17LOSAC
FC17LOSD
FC17LOSEF
FC19LOSAC
FC19LOSDF
FC21LOSAF
FC22LOSAF
FC23LOSAF
LA4 (FTP)
UC (LA92)
No. of
Segs
6
9
7
10
4
5
12
7
7
13
13
13
12
12
10
10
13
12
11
9
14
12
14
18
22
17
16
22
15
17
12
21
18
17
27
29
10
17
9
18
15
Time
(min)
9.47
12.45
11.33
13.25
24.27
11.07
16.47
7.87
8.63
15.07
12.15
16.20
15.07
13.20
13.23
14.77
13.33
15.20
16.37
15.48
12.55
8.53
13.33
14.20
14.20
14.13
13.77
14.98
15.35
12.30
9.80
14.12
11.80
8.22
14.48
14.88
4.02
5.70
6.23
22.87
24.15
Dist.
(miles)
11.64
11.47
9.27
9.82
17.18
7.12
8.25
8.47
9.55
16.17
11.90
12.45
5.18
11.87
14.63
15.67
11.75
10.96
5.19
6.59
6.49
3.61
4.82
4.09
2.07
6.27
6.78
5.81
5.60
3.01
1.72
5.12
3.66
1.53
3.80
2.98
1.71
1.86
4.46
7.44
10.00
Speeds (mph)
Mean
73.80
55.26
49.07
44.45
42.47
38.62
30.05
64.60
66.37
64.41
58.79
46.12
20.62
53.97
66.35
63.67
52.88
43.28
19.01
25.55
31.02
25.39
21.71
17.26
8.73
26.62
29.54
23.29
21.91
14.67
10.55
21.76
18.60
11.19
15.74
12.02
25.55
19.61
42.95
19.53
24.85
Max
84.43
78.84
73.06
67.70
69.87
63.61
65.79
80.15
81.84
78.19
76.78
71.50
55.48
78.98
79.05
79.39
73.15
70.87
53.65
63.09
63.81
53.09
54.80
49.94
44.16
62.88
69.88
53.11
54.10
50.64
43.46
53.28
50.33
49.24
37.95
37.62
59.56
62.05
75.06
56.70
67.20
Min
60.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
42.33
50.28
42.53
15.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.07
42.84
0.00
6.73
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mean Specific
Power (hp/lb)
0.0431
0.0452
0.0585
0.0527
0.0646
0.0725
0.0617
0.0589
0.0537
0.0513
0.0494
0.0567
0.0364
0.0491
0.0458
0.0562
0.0555
0.0605
0.0339
0.0520
0.0619
0.0626
0.0467
0.0435
0.0246
0.0528
0.0679
0.0567
0.0479
0.0451
0.0315
0.0525
0.0505
0.0391
0.0410
0.0336
0.0761
0.0491
0.0574
N/A
N/A
Total
DiffSum
0.1264
0.1593
0.2258
0.1783
0.1466
0.2111
0.1982
0.2092
0.1428
0.0990
0.1585
0.2032
0.1653
0.1870
0.1032
0.1293
0.1981
0.2300
0.1514
0.1394
0.3005
0.2991
0.1346
0.1569
0.1444
0.1702
0.2234
0.1747
0.1224
0.1764
0.1428
0.1393
0.1941
0.2342
0.1125
0.1072
0.5328
0.4144
0.3080
N/A
0.3520
-4-
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Table 1-2
Cycle Statistics Summary for Freeway On-Ramp (OR) Cycles
Driving
Cycle
OR_D-D
OR_D-L
OR_D-U
OR_L-D
OR_L-L
OR_L-U
OR_MON
OR_MOF
No. of
Segs
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
1
Time
(min)
0.47
1.15
0.48
0.40
0.42
0.40
1.08
0.52
Dist.
(miles)
0.29
0.56
0.21
0.24
0.28
0.24
0.25
0.23
Speeds (mph)
Mean
37.17
29.37
26.23
36.52
39.72
36.41
13.71
27.04
Max
60.18
60.86
45.37
46.96
56.84
54.38
37.88
46.96
Min
0.00
0.00
0.00
30.08
31.08
29.18
0.00
0.00
Mean Specific
Power (hp/lb)
0.2442
0.1103
0.1342
0.1119
0.1640
0.1647
0.0442
0.1348
Total
DiffSum
1.0688
0.8692
1.1215
0.9810
1.2125
1.0110
0.8785
1.1339
###
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2. INTRODUCTION
This introduction provides a review of the background behind the effort, the project
objectives, and the organization of the remainder of the report.
2.1 Background
The successor to MOBILE6, MOtor Vehicle Emissions .Simulator (MOVES), has been
designed to provide emission estimates ranging from the microscale level (individual
projects or roadways) to the macroscale level (county, state, and nationwide inventories).
Thus far, the MOVES development process has focused primary on macroscale
applications, such as estimating emission inventories in specific counties or regulatory
planning areas.
The next development stage for the model will include more microscale-oriented
applications, such as roadway link level modeling or project level modeling. For
example, the user may want to model the vehicle emissions from a specific expressway
interchange, or model the expected change in emissions from an arterial roadway corridor
for which congestion level improvements are expected through signal synchronization or
widening/capacity increases.
It is well-known that vehicle emissions vary significantly with the manner in which
vehicles are driven. Emissions in today's almost entirely catalyst-equipped fleet are very
sensitive to changes in driving patterns and acceleration rates. Moreover, driving patterns
and acceleration rates are inherently related to the types of roadways (and their respective
speed limits), traffic conditions, and drivers or vehicles being considered. Other factors
that affect driving patterns include road grade (i.e., elevation change) and curvature.
For example, vehicles traveling on an uncongested freeway are likely to be characterized
by sustained high-speed cruising patterns. On the other hand, one would expect travel
along a signalized arterial corridor with heavy traffic levels to be characterized by
frequent stop-and-go (i.e., transient) driving patterns. Depending on the congestion level,
this could include substantial idling or queuing at the red phase of a traffic signal with top
speeds not even approaching the posted speed limit. Travel patterns (specifically,
acceleration characteristics) on a particular type of arterial road in a hilly, winding region
are likely to differ from those on the same type of arterial road in a flat, level area with
little road curvature.
-6-
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Driving "cycles" are second-by-second speed vs. time traces that have been developed
from a broader sample of driving pattern measurements that are intended to represent a
particular population of vehicle operation (e.g., all freeways).
For macroscale (regional, county-wide) emission estimates, MOVES uses basic emission
rates that are developed from a series* of "composite" driving cycles intended to
represent collective driving patterns aggregated over all types of roadways, speed limits,
congestion levels, and variations in individual driver behavior. However, these
composite cycles cannot be used to represent microscale vehicle operating patterns
specific to individual types of roadways or traffic conditions (e.g., congested vs.
uncongested).
As EPA enhances the MOVES model to incorporate emissions analysis on a smaller
"project-level" scale such as an individual roadway, freeway interchange, or corridor, it is
necessary to develop characterizations of specific types of vehicle operating patterns that
match these project-level scales.
2.2 Project Objectives
The purpose of this study was to build a library of link-specific and/or project-level
driving cycles for use in the MOVES model as default cycles. EPA originally anticipated
that the link-level cycles developed under this study would be generic in nature and
represent default cases or "placeholders" within the MOVES model until more detailed
data became available in the future. However, after initial discussions between EPA and
Sierra, it became clear that "generic" cycles for many types of links or project-level
applications simply could not be easily or defensibly developed without actual
measurements. Thus, it was mutually agreed that Sierra would review and analyze
existing driving datasets for the purpose of developing actual project-level cycles for
specific links/roadway types that could be determined from these existing datasets within
the resource limits of the study. In addition, the study would include a brief assessment
of other types of useful project-level driving cycles that might be of interest to MOVES
end users, even if driving data for those types of cycles were not currently available.
The tern "link" as used here comes from transportation modeling and refers to a
particular type and length of roadway, e.g., a half-mile arterial road segment between two
major intersections. The intent was that this library of cycles be developed in a manner
in which they could be well-matched or aligned with roadway "link-level" activity
outputs produced by regional or intersection-level transportation planning models. Thus,
a key component of the analysis consisted of reviewing and identifying the types of
transportation/traffic model outputs typically available to perform project-level motor
vehicle emission calculations.
These cycles include the LA4 Urban Driving Cycle used in the Federal Test Procedure (FTP), the EPA
Highway (HFET) cycle and the US06 (Supplemental FTP) Driving Cycle.
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Once the types of travel classifications that are typically available from upstream traffic
models had been established, another key element of the study consisted of reviewing the
existing driving datasets to determine how well their data classifications matched those
schemes generally used in traffic modeling. It was also important to identify where
useful variations of these classifications could be rendered from re-processing or
"mining" the existing driving datasets.
For example, as discussed in detail later in the report, some of the existing driving
datasets evaluated under the study identified the type of roadway being driven, which
included separate classifications for freeway on-ramps, off-ramps, and freeway-to-
freeway transition ramps. A valuable variation on this scheme that is well-suited to
potential microscale project-level use would further subdivide the on-ramp data into
metered and non-metered on-ramps. This "data mining" or re-processing was performed
when possible within the available resources for the study. Where useful data mining
could not be performed within the study resources, but techniques or ancillary datasets
were available to do so, the report points these out for future analysis.
2.3 Organization of the Report
Following this introductory section, the remainder of the report is organized as follows.
Section 3 describes the data sources considered and evaluated for use in development of
the initial set of MOVES link-level driving cycles. It discusses the criteria used to assess
whether particular types of existing driving data were viable for use under the study. It
also summarizes the basic data processing and quality assurance methodologies used to
validate the data prior to their use in constructing driving cycles.
Section 4 discusses the step-by-step methodologies used to develop representative driving
cycles that can be applied in a wide variety of link-specific or project-level applications.
These steps include grouping of the driving data in a manner well-suited to link-level
project analysis, development of statistical characterizations of the data in each group,
construction of candidate cycles, and selection and optimization of the most
representative cycles within each driving group.
Section 5 shows and explains the resulting final cycles in each group. Both tabular
statistics and speed-time traces plots are provided and discussed.
Section 6 presents and discusses detailed results of a comparison of modal (second-by-
second) emissions measured over a series of driving cycles to corresponding operating
mode-specific THC, CO, and NOx emission estimates currently contained in MOVES.
Section 7 contains a list of references cited in the body of the report.
Appendix A contains detailed statistics for each driving group population including
speed-acceleration frequency distributions and MOVES-based Vehicle-Specific Power
-------
bin distributions. The VSP distributions in this appendix were calculated to account for
measured road grade.
Appendix B is a similar to Appendix A, except the VSP bin distributions were
determined without accounting for road grade (i.e. level roadways were assumed).
Appendix C contains the complete set of speed vs. time traces for each of the driving
cycles developed under this effort.
Finally, a detailed emission rate comparison of MOVES against actual measurements
from a recent transient cycle testing study are is presented in Appendix D.
###
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3. DATA IDENTIFICATION AND VALIDATION
Before consideration was given to the particular type of link-level cycles to be developed
under this study for use in MOVES, an assessment of available data for generating such
cycles was first performed. This section of the report describes the types of driving data
and sources evaluated for the purpose of developing link-level cycles. It also explains
which types of data were utilized for this effort and why. Finally, it summarizes the
procedures used to check, validate, and, in some cases, correct "as measured" data from
the field.
(In this section and the following sections, computer programs or scripts written under
this effort to process, analyze, and validate driving data and develop driving cycles from
those data for use in MOVES are identified in italics^)
3.1 Assessment and Compilation of Existing Driving Datasets
Data Sources Considered - In reviewing potential sources of existing driving data, it was
necessary to define certain criteria that would be used to determine whether the type of
data was adequate for the central purpose of the study, which was to develop driving
cycles for future use in MOVES. These criteria are outlined below.
Availability of second-by-second speed (or GPS position) data - MOVES requires
input driving patterns or cycles to be defined either by operating mode
(VSP/speed) or second-by-second. Practically, when considering the types of
existing driving data studies that have been conducted, this translates to a need for
second-by-second measurements; preferably, actual vehicle speed measurements
would be collected. Speeds calculated from differentiated second-by-second GPS
position (latitude, longitude) measurements would be minimally acceptable if the
measurements reflect sub-meter position accuracy. (This level of accuracy is
needed to properly capture and represent transient driving patterns on par with
direct speed measurements.)
Ability to identify the specific roadways and locations being driven - Some types
of studies used either GPS measurements or ancillary measurements/procedures
to identify the specific roadway (and classify roadway types) being driven.
Obviously, in order to develop MOVES driving cycles that represent specific type
of roadway links (e.g., urban, major arterials), it is vital to identify the types of
roadways over which the driving data are collected.
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Knowledge of the vehicle type(s) being measured-Driving patterns differ
significantly between light- and heavy-duty vehicles due to differences in
acceleration performance and maneuverability between the two types of vehicles.
If a driving study did not identify the type of vehicles that were measured, it
would not be useful unless it was able to properly represent the mix of light- and
heavy-duty vehicles traveling on a given type of roadway.
Understanding of the manner in which the data were collected - Some existing
driving studies used an instrumented "chase car" to covertly follow and measure
speeds of randomly selected vehicles. Other types of studies involved the
placement of a self-contained instrumentation package (including data acquisition
and storage) in a sample of vehicles, which was then retrieved after a given period
(e.g., a week). Both the chase car (CC) and self-contained instrumented vehicle
(IV) studies have the potential not only to measure the average or typical driving
pattern over a given type of roadway, but also, with sufficient samples, to
represent driver-to-driver variations in driving patterns (e.g., aggressive vs.
cautious drivers). Other types of studies, called "floating car" studies (primarily
conducted by transportation planning agencies), collect speed measurements on
specific roadways or facilities using a vehicle where the driver is directed to
"float" along at what is judged to be the mean speed of surrounding vehicles.
This floating car-based approach has limited usefulness for development of link-
level driving cycles in MOVES because it does not capture the actual speed-time
profiles that affect resulting vehicle emissions estimated for the link.
(A simple example of this variation might consist of two different vehicles
traversing an arterial roadway corridor with a series of signalized intersections
that are pre-timed to allow the corridor to be traversed at a steady cruise speed of
30 mph. The cautious vehicle/driver might follow that intended steady 30 mph
cruise pattern. On the other hand, an aggressive or impatient driver might
accelerate to speeds well over 30 mph between signals and have to slow to a stop
or a speed well below 30 mph when approaching the red phase at each
intersection. In both cases, the average speeds of each vehicle would be identical,
but the individual driving patterns and vehicle emissions would be dramatically
different; the second vehicle, with much more stop-and-go transient operation,
would be expected to have measurably higher emissions than the first.)
Given these requirements, Sierra reviewed existing driving data from a variety of existing
sources.
Table 3-1 lists each of these potential data sources (sorted in reverse chronological order)
and briefly summarizes the nature of each study. It also identifies the speed measurement
method used in each study and highlights the key issues that were considered in weighing
whether the data were adequate and available for use under this effort.
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Table 3-1
Summary of Driving Data Sources Evaluated for
Use in Development of Initial MOVES Link-Level Driving Cycles
Study
EPA 2004-2005 Kansas City PEMS Driving
- Limited sample of real- world driving
- Recruited under Phase 2 PEMS testing
CARB/Sierra 2004 Sacramento Ramp Driving
- Driving measurements collected on over 250
freeway ramps of different configurations
SCAG 2004 Arterial Speed Study
- Multiple traverses often arterial corridors in
Los Angeles area during congested conditions
Georgia Tech 2001-2004 Atlanta Driving
- Over 1,600 vehicles, instrumented 2-3 years
- GPS, accelerometer, and OBD system based
speeds
Caltrans/CARB 2000 California Route Driving
- Data collected over several hundred representative
driving routes in four areas of California
- Included both urban and rural areas
- Used standardized method for classifying road
types and congestion levels encountered
2000-Present MPO Travel Time Studies
- Speed and/or travel time measurements collected
over key corridors in metropolitan areas
- Data collected for validation of travel model
speeds
Caltrans 1997-2000 California Segment Driving
- Speeds measured over traverses of samples of
HPMS roadway segments in Sacramento, San
Francisco and San Joaquin Valley
- Included both urban and rural segments
1997-2000 CARB Heavy-Duty Truck Studies
- GPS-based speeds of heavy-duty trucks performed
by Battelle and Jack Faucett & Associates
- Roughly 150 vehicles from the combined studies
- Vehicles instrumented roughly 5 days, on average
1992 EPA/ERG "3 -City" Driving Studies
- Representative samples of drivers/vehicle speeds
- Some 250 vehicles instrumented for one week
each in Atlanta, Baltimore and Spokane
1992 CARB/Sierra Route Driving
- Data collected over a few hundred representative
road routes in Baltimore, Los Angeles, and
Spokane
Method
Instrumented
Vehicle
Chase Car
Floating Car
Instrumented
Vehicle
Chase Car
Floating Car/
Stopwatch
Chase Car
GPS-Only
Instrumented
Vehicle
Instrumented
Vehicle
Chase Car
Key Considerations
- Potential data quality
problems
- Availability issues
- Ramp segments not identified
- Post-processing required
- Limited sample
- Floating car-based
- Robust dataset
- Lack of data availability due
to privacy concerns
- Robust dataset
- Data already validated from
prior study
- Floating car speeds at best
- Only point-to-point travel
times often measured
- 20% of the 2000 Route
Driving sample size
- Data not fully validated
- Concerns with data quality
- Likely sample bias
- Significant post-processing
requirements
- Roadway types & locations
not available
- Dated study - preceded repeal
of 55 mph speed limit
- Roadway types & locations
not available
- Dated study - preceded repeal
of 55 mph speed limit
Verdict
Rejected
Used
Rejected
Rejected
Used
Rejected
Rejected
Rejected
Rejected
Rejected
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As shown in Table 3-1, although some ten existing study datasets (or type) were
reviewed and evaluated, only two were found to be both viable and readily available for
use in developing link-level MOVES driving cycles:
1. Caltrans/CARB 2000 California Route-Based Driving; and
2. CARB/Sierra 2004 Sacramento Ramp Driving.
Although the Georgia Tech (GT) instrumented vehicle data appear to be very extensive,
EPA has indicated that the data have been difficult to obtain from GT due to privacy
concerns. As indicated in Table 3-1, a number of the other datasets were rejected due to
the quality of the data (floating-car-based measurements, substantial additional post-
processing requirements, etc.). The two 1992 study datasets listed at the bottom of
Table 3-1 were collected prior to the 1995 repeal of the federal 55-mph freeway speed
limit. Comparisons of driving patterns between the chase-car-based route driving studies
conducted in Los Angeles in 1992 and 2000 indicated a significant shift toward more
higher speed, higher acceleration/deceleration driving. This has been attributed to both
the 55-mph speed limit repeal on freeways as well as a significant increase in the power-
to-weight ratio and acceleration capability of the average light-duty vehicle since the
early 1990s. Thus, the two 1992 datasets were excluded from the analysis because they
do not represent driving patterns of today's light-duty vehicle fleet.
More extensive descriptions of the two driving datasets selected for use in development
of link-level cycles are given below. As explained in these sections, the 2000
Caltrans/CARB Route-Based data were well-suited for representing link-level driving
patterns by standardized roadway type and congestion level. The 2004 Sacramento
Ramp data were used to characterize driving over different types of freeway on-ramps, a
key roadway type that EPA indicated of high interest for improving within MOVES.
1 9
Caltrans/CARB 2000 California Route-Based Driving - These route-based studies '
were performed in calendar year 2000 under a joint agency workgroup called CAMP
(Caltrans/ARB Modeling Program) led by the California Department of Transportation
(Caltrans) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB), which coordinated a multi-
study research program to develop and implement speed correction factor (SCF) and
emissions modeling improvements. These CAMP driving studies consisted of collecting
second-by-second speed data using an instrumented chase car over a representative set of
actual road routes within each of four separate study areas in California:
1. Sacramento metropolitan area;
2. San Francisco Bay Area;
3. Stanislaus County (including the Modesto metropolitan area); and
4. South Coast (i.e., Los Angeles) combined metropolitan area.
The set of road routes were determined from trip-weighted random samples of origin to
destination based trips obtained from each study area's regional travel demand model.
These route samples were also stratified by time of day (and directionally driven in each
time period) based on time-of-day trip population weightings obtained from the travel
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models. The road routes driven under these studies therefore contained AM peak, PM
peak, and off-peak routes on a representative mixture of congested and uncongested
roads in each study area. Under the route-based studies, 100 routes (across all three time
periods) were generally driven from two to four times each.
The datasets from each of these driving studies consisted of second-by-second
measurements of the chase car speed and the "target" vehicle (i.e., the vehicle being
randomly followed by the chase car) speed when a target was being followed and tracked
by the laser. (During these studies, the chase car was usually, but not always, "locked
on" in pursuit of a target vehicle. For example, if a target vehicle being followed turned
off the chase car's intended route, the chase car was instructed to flow with traffic until a
new target vehicle could be randomly selected and followed and tracked with the laser.)
The post-processed datasets thus also included a third second-by-second speed trace,
referred to as the "composite" trace, which was created by combining target vehicle
speeds when a target was being followed with the chase car speeds when no target was
available. (Since the chase car was instructed to flow with traffic during these generally
short periods when a target vehicle was dropped until another target could be selected and
followed, this substituted chase car speed in the composite trace was considered
representative.)
These datasets contained driving in both urban and rural areas. In the post-processing
that was performed under each of these studies, the type of roadway the vehicle was
traveling on during each second was also recorded in the output dataset* (The reader is
referred to the original study reports cited earlier for more details on how the roadway
type classifications were performed and validated.) The fact that second-by-second
roadway type determinations had already been performed was a key factor in selecting
the CAMP driving data for use in development of roadway-specific link-level driving
cycles for MOVES.
Moreover, these determinations were performed using a standardized roadway
classification scheme used by every state transportation agency to submit travel data to
the Federal Highway Administration through the Highway Performance Monitoring
System (HPMS): the Functional Class scheme for roadway types.
Table 3-2 describes this roadway type scheme. As it shows, this scheme categorizes
roadways into both rural and urban classes. Within each broad class, six separate
categories are used to distinguish each type of roadway, based primarily on its purpose or
function within a regional roadway system.
* The technique for "locating" the roadway during each second of data collected used digitally marked flags
in the raw data that were recorded by the chase car navigator using a hand-held switchbox. By flipping a
switch, the navigator "time stamped" points along road routes or segments that corresponded to the start
and end of each type of roadway. During post-processing, these time-stamps were temporally merged with
the types of roadway within each route or on each segment from Route/Segment definition tables to
identify the type of road during each second of data collection.
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Table 3-2
HPMS-Based Functional Class Definitions
Code
Road Classification
Abbrev
Definition
HPMS Rural Functional Classes
01
02
06
07
08
09
Principal Arterial Interstate
Other Principal Arterial
Minor Arterial
Major Collector
Minor Collector
Local
R-PAI
R-OPA
R-MA
R-MJC
R-MNC
R-LOC
Serves corridor movements having trip length and
travel density characteristics of statewide or
interstate travel
Links cities, larger towns, and traffic generators
Provides service to county seats and larger towns
not served by arterials
Serves intracounty corridors and developed areas
within a reasonable distance of a major collector
road
Provides access to adjacent land and service to short
distance travel
HPMS Urban Functional Classes
11
12
14
16
17
19
Principal Arterial Interstate
Principal Arterial Other
Freeway/Expressway
Other Principal Arterial
Minor Arterial
Collector
Local
U-PAI
U-OFE
U-OPA
U-MA
U-COL
U-LOC
Carries the major portion of trips entering or leaving
urban areas as well as the majority of through trips
bypassing the central city
Interconnects and expands the Principal Arterial
system and provides services for moderate distance
travel
Provides land access and traffic circulation within
urban neighborhoods, commercial, and industrial
areas
Provides access to neighboring land or functionally
classified roads
Other Classifications
21
22
23
On-Ramp
Off-Ramp
Transition Ramp
-
-
-
On-ramp section providing access to freeway from
arterial system
Off-ramp section providing egress from freeway to
arterial system
Freeway-to-freeway transition ramp
Although Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) use different schemes to
represent roadway types within their regional networks, these MPO-specific schemes
generally can be easily mapped to the HPMS Functional Class scheme. Thus, driving
data (and cycles generated from them) that have been categorized by HPMS Functional
Class can be universally utilized for project-level uses across many jurisdictions.
In addition to the Functional Class categories as defined under FtPMS, Table 3-2
highlights separate classifications that were also made for freeway on-ramps, off-ramps,
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and freeway-to-freeway transition ramps. This represents a revision to the way in which
roadways are classified within HPMS, where ramps are considered part of the interstates
or other freeways they serve. However, separation of ramps from freeway segments
themselves is consistent with the way in which they are distinctly classified in MPO
travel models and allows driving pattern differences between freeways and ramps to be
explicitly distinguished.
Since the datasets contained the Functional Class designation for each second of data
based on the post-processing as described in the preceding paragraphs, it was also easy to
divide the driving data from all of these studies into both urban and rural groups for
creating separate urban and rural (or non-urban) driving cycles.
Table 3-3 shows the number of second-by-second urban and rural driving data records
contained in each of the chase car study datasets. As shown, the combined datasets
contain over 267,000 rural records and over 1.2 million urban records, providing large
samples of actual driving patterns measured in both urban and rural areas for cycle
development.
Table 3-3
Caltrans/CARB (CAMP) 2000 Route-Based Driving Study
Single-Second Record Counts by Study Area
Driving
Study Area
Bay Area (SF)
Sacramento
Stanislaus County
South Coast (LA)
Totals
Single-Second Data Records
Rural
5,361
51,633
210,349
0
267,343
Urban
404,753
330,413
317,402
187,725
1,240,293
Total
410,114
382,046
527,751
187,725
1,507,636
Another element that made the CAMP driving data very useful for this effort was the fact
that, in addition to Functional Class, the data were categorized by observed congestion
level in a manner* attempting to match Level of Service (LOS) designations defined in
the Highway Capacity Manual3 (HCM). The HCM uses six letter categories from "A"
for least congested, through "F" for extreme congestion.
As defined in the HCM, LOS is determined on freeways based on traffic density
measured over each freeway section. On arterial roads, LOS is generally determined
* As discussed in more detail in the original study reports, the observed congestion level was made by the
study observer in the passenger seat using the hand-held switchbox in a manner similar to that used to
digitally time-stamp changes in roadway type.
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based on intersection delay. The observed congestion levels (using similar letter
designations) recorded during the CAMP driving studies generally matched those
calculated using formal techniques defined in the HCM, based on comparisons to more
rigorously calculated LOS performed on the driving data collected from the South Coast
study area.
Since transportation planning models or intersection models generally calculate and
output LOS for roadways or intersections being modeled, the CAMP driving dataset
enabled the development of a series of LOS-specific driving cycles for each roadway
type. Thus, these cycles can be used to evaluate emission impacts associated with
changes in LOS over a roadway link under project-level analyses.
CARB/Sierra 2004 Sacramento Ramp Driving - This study4 was performed for CARB as
part of an assessment of the fraction of the light-duty vehicle fleet that could be measured
by a series of Remote Sensing Devices (RSDs) deployed at freeway on-ramps. To assess
the suitability of freeway ramps for the use of RSDs, each freeway ramp in the
Sacramento region was driven using an instrumented chase car. The driver of the survey
car was instructed to try to emulate the driving of ramps by other drivers ahead of the
survey vehicle.
Second-by-second speed measurements were collected over 266 on-ramps, 211 off-
ramps, and 24 freeway-to-freeway transition ramps. Each ramp was driven during the
AM (6:00-9:00), PM (3:00-6:00), and off-peak periods (usually 9:00 am to 3:00 pm).
(Driving in all three time periods was usually necessary because the type of driving that
occurs on a ramp can be influenced by the other traffic on the ramp and by the traffic on
the freeway, both of which can vary by time of day.)
For this EPA study, only the on-ramp data were used. Since on-ramp, off-ramp, and
transition ramp cycles were being developed from the 2000 CAMP data, the 2004 CARB
Ramp dataset was used to develop separate types of on-ramp cycles. (Because high rates
of acceleration occur on on-ramps, and since this driving mode is associated with high
emission rates, EPA and Sierra concluded that development of more specific types of on-
ramp cycles was of higher priority than off-ramps or transition ramps.)
Over the 266 separate on-ramps, a total of 675 traverses were performed, encompassing a
total of over 256,000 valid second-by-second on-ramp speed measurements.
Unlike the CAMP driving data, the ramp segments were not digitally time-stamped so
they could be easily separated from the rest of the speed measurements. (In the CARB
Ramp driving, the chase car instrumentation was operated continuously as the vehicle
drove each on-ramp, onto the freeway, along the freeway over an off-ramp, turned around
on the nearby arterial, etc.) As described in the next sub-section, significant post-
processing had to be performed on the CARB Ramp dataset to cull out only that
operation occurring on the on-ramps and to classify the ramps into specific types.
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(From this point in the report forward, we refer to the 2000 CAMP Route-Based and
2004 CARB Ramp driving data as the Functional Class [FC] and On-Ramp [OR] driving
datasets, respectively, since the former was used to develop cycles by roadway functional
class and the latter was employed to generate a series of specialized on-ramp cycles.)
3.2 Driving Data Cleaning and Processing
The FC and OR driving data sets as measured in the field were post-processed to clean,
validate, and merge different data streams from the in-field measurements. A summary
of these steps is presented in this sub-section. Descriptions of these post-processing steps
are organized in three groups:
1. Processing steps that were performed in common on both datasets;
2. Processing performed specifically on the FC driving data; and
3. Processing performed solely on the OR data.
(For the FC driving data, all the processing steps except the revised road grade processing
discussed later had already been performed under the previous study. All of these steps
were performed on the OR data under this EPA effort.)
Common Processing - In these chase car-based studies, the chase car's instrumentation
does not directly measure the speed of the target vehicles being followed, but measures
its own speed and the relative distance (i.e., range) to the target using a laser rangefinder,
from which the target speed can be computed. The first processing steps performed on
the raw data measured in the field consisted of computing second-by-second target
vehicle speeds and consolidating data from each individual drive file for a study area into
a single "processed" data set for that study area. These basic raw data processing steps
were performed using two Fortran programs, CleanlE and Clean2E, and are described
below.
Initial Range and Chase Car Speed Data Processing (CleanlE) - The CleanlE program
was used to perform the following functions:
Smooth raw laser range measurements;
Smooth raw chase car speed;
Select the appropriate speed trace (patrol vs. target); and
Interpret and filter switch box settings.
Smoothing of Laser Range Data - As described in greater detail in Sierra's LA92 study
report, the laser rangefinder on the chase cars resolves distance based on laser pulse
T.C. Austin, et al., "Characterization of Driving Patterns and Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles in
California," prepared for the California Air Resources Board, Report No. SR93-11-02, November 12, 1993.
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time-of-flight measurements in discrete "bins" that produce a relative accuracy of
roughly one foot. As a result, the first basic processing step consisted of digitally
filtering the raw second-by-second range measurements in each raw Drive file to smooth
the effects of the discrete bins. A differential form Savitzky-Golay seven-point
smoothing filter was applied to the raw range measurements in CleanlE. Both quadratic
and cubic forms of the filter were calculated for the range at each second. If the
difference in filtered values was above a specific threshold (2 feet), the cubic form was
used; otherwise, the quadratic form was applied. These filters effectively remove
outliers. As described in the above-referenced report, the filters do not lead to smoothing
of the actual speed-time profile for the vehicle being measured.
The differential quadratic and cubic filtering coefficients used to filter the raw range data
are shown below.
Differential Quadratic Filter Coefficients
Time
t-3
t-2
t-1
t
t+1
t+2
t+3
Normalize
Differentiation Index
-3
-13
_2
5
8
7
2
-7
28
_2
-29
-6
9
16
15
6
-11
84
-1
-19
-6
3
8
9
6
-1
84
0
-3
_2
-1
0
1
2
3
28
1
1
-6
-9
-8
-3
6
19
84
2
11
-6
-15
-16
-9
6
29
84
o
J
1
-2
-1
-8
-5
2
13
28
Differential Cubic Filter Coefficients
Time
t-3
t-2
t-1
t
t+1
t+2
t+3
Normalize
Differentiation Index
-3
-257
122
185
72
-77
-122
77
252
-2
-122
17
62
48
10
-17
2
252
-1
-29
-46
-19
24
55
46
-31
252
0
22
-67
-58
0
58
67
-22
252
1
31
-46
-55
-24
19
46
29
252
2
-2
17
-10
-48
-62
-17
122
252
3
-77
122
77
-72
-185
-122
257
252
If range data were not available over the entire seven-second window (i.e., if there were
some missing values), missing values were linearly interpolated from non-missing values
within the window prior to applying the filters. Logic was also included to deal with
instances where a different target was obtained within the seven-point (i.e., seven-second)
filtering window.
Savitzky, A., et al, "Smoothing and Differentiating of Data by Simplified Least Squares Procedures,"
Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 36, No. 8, July 1964, p. 1627-1639.
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In both the FC and OR studies, the chase cars were instrumented with three speed
measurement sources. The primary source measured speed by counting drive shaft
rotations. The secondary source measured analog voltages from the OEM speed pickup
coil. The third source was based on differentiated second-by-second position
measurements from the GPS system.
Smoothing of Raw Chase Car Speeds - For the sole purpose of calculating target vehicle
speed in the CleanlE program, primary and GPS-based speed measurements were also
smoothed with a quadratic seven-point filter. Raw primary speed measurements were
obtained from pulse counts of magnets mounted on the chase car's drive shaft and thus
reflected similar "binned" effects in the range data. The position-differentiated GPS
speed was also filtered to remove binning effects. Both the primary and GPS speeds
were similarly filtered with a non-differential quadratic filter using the coefficients given
below.
Non-Differential Quadratic Filter
Time
t-3
t-2
t-1
t
t+1
t+2
t+3
Normalize
Coefficient
-2
o
5
6
7
6
o
3
-2
21
(Note that since this is a non-differential form of the quadratic filter, there is no
differentiation index, or second dimension of filtering coefficients as in the earlier
differential forms.)
Chase Car Speed Trace Selection - In addition to the range and speed data filtering, the
Cleanl program included logic that examined the primary, secondary, and GPS speed
measurements and selected one or the other to best represent the chase car's second-by-
second speed, as follows:
If the filtered primary speed was less than 10 mph and the secondary speed was
less than 5 mph, the secondary speed measurement was used;
If the difference between the above speed and the filtered GPS speed exceeded
10 mph, the filtered GPS speed was used;
Otherwise, the filtered primary speed was used.
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It should be noted that the number of seconds for which the secondary and GPS speeds
were used (instead of the primary speed) was very small. For example, in the South
Coast, a total of 215,950 raw second-by-second data records were processed. Secondary
speeds were used for only 86 seconds and GPS speeds for 628 seconds; the remaining
215,236 records (constituting 99.7%) were all based on the primary speed.
Although substitution of the secondary or GPS speed for the primary speed was
infrequent, it was necessary because of rare instances when the primary drive shaft
magnet pulse counts were corrupted. These instances typically occurred at idling or very
low speeds when a magnet was positioned in a manner in which vehicle vibrations
triggered an anomalously high number of magnetic pulses.
Switchbox Data Filtering - The CleanlE program also translated nominal floating-point
voltages from the switchbox to discrete integer values that more clearly reflected the
switch settings on a second-by-second basis. Logic was also included to correct
momentary or inadvertent switch transitions.
The output from CleanlE was an "intermediate" version of each input Drive file that
reflected these filtering calculations and was fed into the next program (Clean2E).
Calculation of Target Vehicle Speed and Road Grade (Clean2E) - The Clean2E program
was then executed to perform the following functions:
Compute target vehicle speed;
Calculate road grade;
Remove initial and trailing idling; and
Combine individual run files.
Computation of Target Vehicle Speed- The Clean2E calculated second-by-second
absolute speed of the target vehicle (when a target was available) from the differentiated
relative range and added it to the chase car's absolute speed. (When no locked-on target
was available, the target speed was set to a missing value in the output data set.)
Road Grade Calculations - Calculations of second-by-second road grade were also
performed in Clean2E based on the GPS-based altitude measurements. In past driving
studies conducted in the early 1990s, Sierra had calculated road grade using only the
vehicle speed and accelerometer data. Because of noise in the raw accelerometer
* During previous studies, road grade was calculated from the longitudinally mounted accelerometer and
vehicle speed data using the second-by-second measurements from each source as follows. First, speeds
were centered-differenced from t-1 to t+1 to calculate acceleration at each point / (expressed in G's). This
vehicle acceleration was then subtracted from the accelerometer-measured longitudinal acceleration (also in
G's) at each time /. This difference, which represents the fractional road grade (where 0=horizontal and
l=vertical), was then multiplied by the vehicle speed at each second to produce an array of "elevation
change" in feet over each second. This array was then filtered in a manner in which only elevation changes
over 7.5 feet (per second) were used to calculate road grade. Given the noise in the raw accelerometer data,
the intent of this approach was to estimate road grade during "significant" elevation changes. The filter
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measurements, elevation changes of less than 7.5 feet within 5 seconds could not be
accurately resolved. Logic was applied to ignore elevation changes measured below this
threshold. Accelerometer-based road grade was then computed as a running average over
a five-second window.
After those studies were completed, Sierra found these accelerometer-based grade
estimates (using the smoothing logic described above) were too noisy to be useful in
calculating grade-compensated power-related driving statistics. (Road grade calculated
in previous driving studies was never used by the study sponsors. Thus, the output grade
values were never thoroughly examined under the earlier studies.)
In processing the FC and OR chase car data under this current EPA study, road grade was
calculated using the second-by-second GPS-based altitude measurements. Although the
GPS-based altitude data are not highly accurate in an absolute sense when low-horizon
satellites are not available, they were found to be sufficiently accurate in a relative sense
for calculating road grade over a route with proper filtering of anomalous readings as
described below.
GPS-based altitudes frequently exhibited anomalous values at low speeds (below 10
mph). As a result, the first filtering step consisted of substituting the altitude reading
from the nearest second after the vehicle speed was over 10 mph for at least three
seconds. Because they occurred only at very low speeds, these substitutions were only
applied to very short sections of routes (typically near the start and end). After these
anomalous altitude values at low speeds were corrected, a second filter was applied to
find altitude changes from one second to the next that exceeded a speed-dependent cutoff
value equivalent to a "maximum" allowed fractional grade* of ±0.22. (This is equivalent
to a 19.8 degree angular grade or a 36% grade.) For example, at a speed of 60 mph, the
maximum allowed altitude change over one second was 30 feet [60 mph x 1.4667 ft per
sec/mph x SINE (0.22x n/2 radians)]. Altitude change anomalies detected in this manner
were then corrected by linear interpolation from neighboring valid altitudes. Finally,
road grade was calculated at each second from a centered difference of the change in
altitude two seconds forward and two seconds backward and the distance driven by the
chase car over that interval. (Grade was calculated as the ARC SINE of the altitude
change divided by the distance driven, where the distance driven was determined from
the patrol car speed.)
The resulting altitude-based grade calculations were checked for roughly a dozen routes
in both flat terrain (Sacramento and Stanislaus County) and rolling or hilly areas (San
Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles) using known elevations obtained from topographic
maps downloaded from MapTech at http://mapserver.maptech.com/homepage/index.cfm.
also excluded points when the lateral accelerometer measured acceleration exceeded ±0.25 G and vehicle
speed dropped below 25 mph (indicative of vehicle turning). After applying this filtering, the "final"
estimated road grade was calculated from those remaining data points using a five-second running average.
* Road grade was calculated and reported in this study in units of fractional grade between 0 and ±1 where
a value of zero is horizontal and values of+1 and -1 are vertical upward and vertical downward,
respectively. A fractional grade of 0.5 is equivalent to an angular grade of 45 degrees and a percentage
grade of 100%.
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Only routes that did not include travel on raised roadway sections (e.g., freeways and
ramps) were used to ensure a proper crosscheck using the topographic map-based land
elevations. With the appropriate filtering and smoothing as described above, it is
believed the altitude-based grade calculations can accurately resolve fractional road grade
down to roughly ±0.01 (which is equivalent to about 1 degree or 2%, in angular and
percentage grade units, respectively).
Removal of Leading and Trailing Idle - The Clean2E program also removed leading and
trailing idle (i.e., zero speed) records at the start and end of each drive. (In each case, a
single zero speed record was retained at the beginning and end of each driving run that
did not begin or end "on the fly.") Usually this idling lasted for less than five seconds,
but in some cases it lasted up to 60 seconds. This idling occurred while the drive teams
were readying to start or forgot to immediately end data acquisition at the end of a trip,
and thus are not representative of actual driving behavior.
Combining of Driving Run Files - Finally, the Clean2E program also combined the
second-by-second data from each input route run file into a single combined file for each
study area. As a result, the combined output file also included route ID and date and time
stamp fields so the individual run data could be distinguished in later processing.
FC Processing - For the FC driving data, another Fortran post-processing program,
LOSSEGS, was also written and executed to perform the following functions:
Discard data from invalid route runs,
Identify facility segment endpoints within each route run, and
Perform and output results from a series of automated quality assurance (Q/A)
and consistency checks.
Discarding of Invalid Route Runs - Data from a "Routes Driven" spreadsheet were input
into LOSSEGS to identify and discard all invalid runs, based on the status of each run as
entered in the spreadsheet. Route runs marked "BAD" were discarded; runs marked
"OK" were kept and processed further.
Facility Segment Identification - During the original study, spreadsheet tables were
compiled for each route that identified the roadway name (e.g., Main Street), start and
end points (e.g., 1st Ave and 4* Ave), and length of each connecting road segment in the
route. These route spreadsheets were then assembled into a master database for each
study area. Each record in the database represented an individual segment of a road
route. The database was used both to translate "directions" of each route indicated by its
segments onto actual maps and to perform data analysis and validation during post-
processing of the collected driving data in conjunction with changes in roadway type
identified using the hand-held switchbox. (Chase car drive teams were instructed to flip
the "Roadway Type" switch on the hand-held switchbox as each "stop" way marker point
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was passed along a route. Stop way markers identified surface street-to-ramp or ramp-
freeway transitions [and vice versa] as they were encountered along each route, not
changes in individual HPMS segment types. This latter element was performed by the
LOSSEGS program, as illustrated below.)
The LOSSEGS program counted the number of expected stops in the road segment
database for each route based on a change in roadway type. These expected stops were
then compared to those actually marked in the second-by-second data from the
switchbox. Multiple segments that occurred between stops were then identified based on
apportionment of driven distance and expected segment length as defined in the road
segment database. This is illustrated in Table 3-4, which shows the segment database for
an example route in the South Coast.
As shown in Table 3-4, this example route consisted of four stop way marker points.
Second-by-second data from the beginning of the route on Otis Dr. until the Imperial
Blvd. on-ramp were marked by the "Surface Street" setting on the Roadway Type
switch). For stops that spanned multiple segments, such as this stretch of surface street
travel, the endpoints of the individual segment were identified in the second-by-second
data by apportioning the total distance of the drive between stops with the expected
length of each individual segment contained in the road segment database. For example,
the last three segments after stop 4 in Table 3-4 represent an expected length of 0.60
miles (0.27 + 0.19 + 0.14). If the measured distance in the second-by-second data
(determined from the chase car speed) between the "stop 4" switch point and the end of
the route was 0.66 miles, the endpoints of the individual segments would be marked off
based on apportioned distances as follows:
Hawthorne, off-ramp to Lennox = 0.66 H- 0.60 x 0.27 = 0.297 miles
Hawthorne, Lennox to W 105th = 0.66 + 0.60 x 0.19 = 0.209 miles
W 105th to end of route =0.66-0.60x0.14 =0.154 miles
In this manner, each individual segment as defined in the road segment database was
spatially identified in the second-by-second data.
Segment Distance Checks - If the drive team ever forgot or was late in flipping the
Roadway Type switch at the intended stop locations, the calculated segment endpoints
would be erroneous. Thus, these spatial segment calculations had to be carefully
checked. This process is discussed below.
As illustrated by the example in Table 3-4, the expected number of stops for each route
run was determined from the road segment database and compared to the number of
"flips" of the Segment rotary switch that were recorded in the second-by-second data for
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Table 3-4
Illustration of Stops in South Coast Road Segment Database
Route ID
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
SC-PM-II-012
Starting Street Name
Missouri
Otis/Missouri
Otis/Tweedy
Abbott/Otis
Abbott/Otis
Imperial/Otis
Century/Imperial
Imperial
California/Imperial
Imperial/Long Beach
Imperial/State
Alameda/Imperial
Alameda/Imperial
Imperial/Mona
Imperial
On Ramp
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
Off Ramp
Hawthorne
Hawthorne/Lennox
Hawthorne/W 105th
Ending Street Name
Otis/Missouri
Otis/Tweedy
Abbott/Otis
Abbott/Otis
Imperial/Otis
Century /Imperial
Imperial
California/Imperial
Imperial/Long Beach
Imperial/State
Alameda/Imperial
Alameda/Imperial
Imperial/Mona
Imperial
On Ramp
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
1105
Off Ramp
Hawthorne
Hawthorne/Lennox
Hawthorne/W 105th
W 105th
Segment
Length
(miles)
0.01
0.16
0.55
0.01
0.23
0.24
0.13
0.21
0.17
0.28
0.52
0.03
0.27
0.17
0.01
0.36
0.59
0.52
0.82
0.17
0.24
0.37
0.14
0.19
0.20
1.52
0.24
0.27
0.83
0.20
0.43
0.27
0.19
0.14
Segment
Category
Code
19
16
16
16
16
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
21
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
22
14
14
19
Stop
Number
1
2
3
4
the run. Runs for which these counts did not match were immediately flagged for further
review and correction (see "Video Review" below).
In addition, even when stops counts matched, the calculated distances of each segment
leg were compared to their expected distances in the road segment file. Distance
comparisons that did not match within a 10% relative tolerance were used to flag
individual segments for further review. Roughly 5% of the route runs were affected by
these inconsistencies.
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Videotape Review - As alluded to above, detailed videotape review was performed for
some 5% of the route runs to correct anomalies identified during Q/A checks. To correct
for Roadway Type switch flip count and distance inconsistencies, the videotapes for
affected runs were played back and observed. The second-by-second time that was
displayed on the videotape was used to identify the time stamps in the data file that
corresponded to each segment endpoint. These video times were reread into the
LOSSEGS program and used to properly identify road segments for those affected runs.
OR Processing - After processing the raw OR driving data using the CLEAN IE and
CLEAN2E as described earlier in the "Common Processing" section, additional post-
processing was performed to locate and output only that portion of the driving that
occurred on the on-ramp segments. This was done by using the second-by-second
position and heading data recorded by the GPS unit in the chase car.
Ramp Coordinates File - Prior to this processing, a file was developed that precisely
identified the latitude and longitude coordinates of the start and end point for each on-
ramp. For ramps with ramp meters, the coordinates of the meter stop bar were also
identified. The coordinates for each of the 266 on-ramps were carefully determined from
Google Earth high-resolution images of the Sacramento area.
In addition to the latitude and longitude coordinates, the bearing or heading of each
ramp's start and end points was also determined using Google Earth and entered in the
Ramp Coordinates file. The bearing data were needed during post-processing to resolve
cases when the chase car traversed freeway sections that were elevated above or in
depressed sections below their adjoining on-ramps. (Common examples of these
situations occurred on "clover leaf or "loop" freeway interchanges.) When the lat/long
coordinates measured by the GPS were the same for both an arterial overcrossing and the
on-ramp as it crossed beneath the overpass, it was found that the chase car's location (on
either the overcrossing or the ramp) could be determined by examining the heading and
comparing it to the expected heading on the ramp. Thus, headings at both the ramp start
and end locations were entered into the Ramp Coordinates file and used during post-
processing to properly identify when the vehicle was actually traversing an on-ramp.
Table 3-5 shows an excerpt of the Ramp Coordinates file for one of the many
interchanges contained in the Sacramento study area. Figure 3-1 shows an aerial image
of this ramp interchange obtained from Google Earth.
As listed in Table 3-5, coordinates and directional orientation information are specified
for each of the four on-ramps of this interchange. (As can be seen in Figure 3-1, there are
also four off-ramps, but off-ramp driving from the OR driving study were not used.
Thus, they do not appear in the Ramp Coordinates file.) Each ramp is described by
latitude and longitude coordinates at both the start and end of the ramp. For ramps with
signal meters (the majority of on-ramps in Sacramento have signal meters that operate
Heading refers to the direction of travel in degrees from true north.
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Table 3-5
Excerpt of Ramp Coordinates File Used in
OR Study Post-Processing
Ramp
Interchange
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Florin Rd. & 1-5
Ramp Leg
WB to NB Start
Stop Line
WB to NB End
WB to SB Start
Stop Line
WB to SB End
EB to NB Start
Stop Line
EB to NB End
EB to SB Start
Stop Line
EB to SB End
Meter
yes
yes
yes
no
no
no
yes
yes
yes
no
no
no
Latitude
(deg)
38.495667
38.498851
38.500272
38.495645
38.495349
38.495408
38.494553
38.495783
38.495397
38.490443
Longitude
(deg)
-121.513933
-121.516988
-121.517262
-121.517794
-121.516818
-121.515324
-121.515432
-121.516286
-121.519448
-121.514677
Bearing
(degN)
290
0
110
350
120
350
110
160
Bearing
Diff
70
70
70
240
240
240
230
230
230
50
50
50
Ramp
Type
D
D
D
L
L
L
L
L
L
D
D
D
Figure 3-1
Aerial Image of 1-5 and Florin Road Interchange in
Sacramento Metropolitan Area
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during AM and PM commute periods), indicated with a "yes" in the "Meter" column,
coordinates of the meter stop line are also given.
The "Bearing" column in Table 3-5 lists the travel direction or heading at both the stop
and end of each ramp. For example, the start of the EB Florin Rd to NB 1-5 on-ramp has
a directional bearing of 120°, just south of due east. This on-ramp is one of the "loop"
ramps and is highlighted with an orange path in Figure 3-1. The end of the ramp (which
extends beyond the area shown in Figure 3-1) has a bearing of 350°, just west of due
north.
The next column labeled "Bearing Diff" simply shows the calculated difference (in
degrees) between the bearing at the start and end of each ramp. For the ramp leg
highlighted in Figure 3-1, Table 3-5 shows a directional difference or rotation of 230°
(from 120° to 350°). (As described later, both the Bearing and Bearing Diff values were
used to properly identify and extract those portions of the OR driving that occurred only
on the on-ramps.)
Finally, the rightmost column in Table 3-5 indicates the type of ramp configuration. "D"
represents a "Diamond" style ramp leg and "L" denotes a "Loop" type ramp. The
interchange shown in Figure 3-1 contains a mixture of both Diamond and Loop on-
ramps. The Diamond ramp (in the southwest quadrant) is highlighted in blue while the
Loop ramp as noted above is highlighted in orange. These configurations were
determined and coded into the Ramp Coordinates file by visual inspection of each ramp
leg within Google Earth.
Spatial Post-Processing - Once all these data were determined from the Google Earth
aerial images and entered into the Ramp Coordinates file, a spatial post-processing
program called GPSRampProc was written and executed to perform the actual
identification and extraction of the cleaned second-by-second chase car driving data
along the on-ramps. (Travel on off-ramps, mainline freeways, and nearby arterials was
discarded by the GPSRampProc program.)
The GPSRampProc program began by reading in the cleaned and validated second-by-
second chase car driving data (speeds and GPS-based position and heading data) as well
the latitudes/longitudes, metering, bearing, and ramp type for each on-ramp from the
Ramp Coordinates file. The spatial processing to extract the on-ramp traverses began by
comparing the starting coordinates for every on-ramp defined in the Ramp Coordinates
file to the second-by-second GPS position measurements within a large program loop.
Once the chase car position was found to be within a pre-defined distance (100 feet) from
any ramp start location, that ramp was flagged. The program then scanned forward in the
second-by-second chase car data array (usually only a few seconds) until the nearest
point to the ramp start was determined. At this point, the directional heading
measurement from the chase car was compared to that at the start of the flagged on-ramp.
If these directional values agreed to within a prescribed tolerance (set to 60°), a flag was
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set establishing that a ramp start had been found (as was validated by the combination of
position and heading measurements).
If the flagged on-ramp had a signal meter (determined from the Ramp Coordinates file),
the driving data array was then scanned forward until the chase car's distance to the stop
line reached a minimum and this minimum distance was within a required tolerance (80
feet). The ramp meter "stop line" point was then flagged in the driving data array.
Programming logic was also used to determine if the ramp meter was also operating at
the time it was traversed. A meter was determined to be operating if the following
criteria were met:
The traverse occurred within the 6-9 AM or 3-6 PM peak periods; and
Either the minimum speed up to the meter stop line was less than 5 mph or there
was a decrease in vehicle speed between the start and meter stop line of at least 10
mph.
(This latter criterion handled situations on multi-lane ramps where the chase car was able
to "cruise" through on a green light triggered by a vehicle in front of it, but did not have
to slow to a very low speed or make a complete stop.)
Using this logic, a ramp with a meter was marked with a "MeterOn" flag set to either
"True" or "False."
Similar to the ramp start, the ramp end was determined by scanning forward in the
driving data array (from the start on a ramp without a meter or the stop line point on a
metered ramp) until the chase car's distance to the known endpoint coordinates reached a
minimum value and was within the allowed tolerance (100 feet). Once the start and end
point (and ramp meter stop line point where applicable) were identified in this manner,
the on-ramp was marked as a valid traverse.
The distance tolerances employed in the processing were set at the values indicated above
by running the GPSRampProc program several times and "tuning" the tolerances. This
tuning resulted in values that accommodated the accuracy of the GPS position data (±30
feet), the measurement frequency (1 second) and traverse speeds (typically 20-60 mph),
yet were low enough to ensure that driving on other nearby roadways was not incorrectly
deduced to be an on-ramp.
The next step consisted of classifying the on-ramp traverse. Three classification elements
were determined for each valid traverse:
Ramp Configuration - "D" for Diamond or "L" for Loop;
* Sierra initially contacted the Caltrans District office for the Sacramento area in an attempt to determine
ramp meter operating times and locations. In was learned that historical day-specific records back to 2004
when the driving was conducted were spotty. Caltrans was able to confirm that meters, if operated, were
only running during the 6-9 AM and 3-6 PM peak periods.
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Road Grade Type - "D" for downgrade, "L" for level grade, "U" for upgrade; and
Meter Operating Status - "MON" for meter operating, "MOF" for meter not
operating or no meter.
The ramp configuration was obtained by lookup from the Ramp Coordinates file. Meter
operating status was based on the MeterOn flag discussed above. The road grade type
was determined from the change in second-by-second road grade calculated earlier in the
driving data file. Ramps with descending grades of 1.2% or more were classified as
Downgrade ramps. Those with ascending grades of 1.2% or higher were called Upgrade
ramps. All other ramps (with grades less than ±1.2%) were treated as Level ramps. (The
1.2% grade threshold was set to get a sufficient number of traverses into each of the three
Road Grade groups. If more driving data were available, the threshold could be set based
on more formal freeway ramp design criteria.)
Once these classification elements had been determined, they were written to an output
file along with the second-by-second driving data from the start point to the end point of
the valid ramp traverse.
Albeit somewhat complicated, the OR driving data were spatially processed and
classified in this manner and an output file containing second-by-second speeds (and
forward-differenced accelerations) for on-ramp driving was produced.
###
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4. CYCLE DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY
Development of link-level driving cycles from second-by-second vehicle speed
measurements that are representative of different types of roadway types and driving
behavior is not a simple task. The measured speed data must be categorized into groups
that represent each type of driving behavior from which an individual cycle is to be
created. Techniques must be applied to characterize the driving patterns in each group.
Cycles must then be constructed in a manner that best represents the driving patterns in
each group while preserving the integrity of actual measured speed-time traces.
Vehicle emissions are highly sensitive to second-by-second changes in speed due to the
advanced, computer-controlled emission systems in most of the current vehicle fleet.
Accurately representing second-by-second speed changes is vital to ensuring that the
resulting cycles reflect actual driving patterns without acceleration "artifacts" caused by
improper joining of the as-measured data.
This section of the report documents the detailed methodology that was employed to
develop the link-level driving cycles generated under this effort.
4.1 Driving Data Grouping
FC Data Groupings - As described earlier, the FC driving database contains measured
driving patterns over a number of road routes and at different levels of traffic congestion.
Driving cycles were developed from the FC database by individual Functional Class
(roadway type) and observed LOS groups because these strata are well-matched to many
project-level applications.
Thus, the first step in development of the FC driving cycles consisted of dividing or
grouping the second-by-second speed measurements in the driving database into separate
Functional Class and LOS specific files that represented the ranges of operation within
each distinct driving data group for which individual cycles were to be constructed.
A simple SAS program called FC&LOSDist CT2000 was written to tabulate the number
of second-by-second records in the master FC driving database by Functional Class
(including those added for freeway ramps as described earlier in Section 3.1) and
observed LOS. Table 4-1 presents the results of these tabulations, which were used to
determine if sufficient data were available within each joint Functional Class/LOS
stratum to represent a distinct driving group for which a cycle would be developed.
-32-
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Table 4-1
Distribution of FC Driving Data Records by
Functional Class and Observed LOS
Functional Class
01 - Rural Interstate
02 - Rural Principal Arterial
06 - Rural Minor Arterial
07 - Rural Major Collector
08 - Rural Minor Collection
09 - Rural Local
1 1 - Urban Interstate
12 - Urban Other Fwy/Expwy
14 - Urban Principal Arterial
16 - Urban Minor Arterial
17 - Urban Collector
19 -Urban Local
21 - Freeway On-Ramp
22 - Freeway Off-Ramp
23 - Freeway Transition Ramp
Total (All Functional Classes)
Observed LOS
A
68,789
29,897
18,278
73,901
37,256
12,053
50,419
87,328
204,543
171,745
84,528
68,596
10,549
11,296
1,165
930,343
B
7,974
2,871
493
74
306
290
17,534
36,754
8,194
7,449
3,745
1,660
186
1,441
705
89,676
C
1,168
1,241
0
101
186
131
27,008
32,774
8,703
8,295
3,519
2,149
151
1,906
655
87,987
D
206
6,746
1,492
2,514
1,124
148
20,310
29,752
109,307
49,728
12,178
5,923
3,045
1,855
925
245,253
E
275
41
0
44
267
70
19,447
19,821
6,920
5,621
1,543
1,089
166
254
158
55,716
F
29
545
346
58
58
128
45,729
36,722
22,692
10,388
1,563
2,200
733
621
806
122,618
All LOS
Totals
78,441
41,341
20,609
76,692
39,197
12,820
180,447
243,151
360,359
253,226
107,076
81,617
14,830
17,373
4,414
1,531,593
Given the available study resources, a robust statistical analysis of how to group the data
was not performed. Instead, a minimum sample size of 3,600 single-second records
(1 hour) was used to determine where driving groups by Functional Class and individual
LOS category contained sufficient data or when some of the LOS categories had to be
combined together.
The resulting groupings for which individual driving cycles were developed are listed
below (together with the cycles within each Functional Class).
FC01 (Rural Interstate) - Single group, all LOS
FC02 (Rural Principal Arterial) - Two groups, LOS A-C and LOS D-F
FC06 (Rural Minor Arterial) - Single group, all LOS
FC07 (Rural Major Collector) - Single group, all LOS
FC08 (Rural Minor Collection) - Single group, all LOS
FC09 (Rural Local) - Single group, all LOS
FC11 (Urban Interstate) - Six groups, by LOS from A through F
FC12 (Urban Other Fwy/Expwy) - Six groups, by LOS from A through F
FC14 (Urban Principal Arterial) - Six groups, by LOS from A through F
FC16 (Urban Minor Arterial) - Six groups, by LOS from A through F
FC17 (Urban Collector) - Three groups, LOS A-C, LOS D and LOS E-F
FC19 (Urban Local) - Two groups, LOS A-C and LOS D-F
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FC21 (Freeway On-Ramp) - Single group, all LOS
FC22 (Freeway Off-Ramp) - Single group, all LOS
FC23 (Freeway Transition Ramp) - Single group, all LOS
In all, 39 separate driving groups were defined from the FC database and driving cycles
were developed for each individual group.
OR Data Groupings - As discussed earlier in Section 3, the on-ramp (OR) driving data
were coded by the ramp type or configuration (Diamond or Loop), road grade type
(Downgrade, Level or Upgrade), and ramp metering status (On or Off/Not Used).
Another simple SAS program called SacRamp TypeDist was written to perform similar
tabulations to determine sample sizes and define driving groups for the OR driving data.
Table 4-2 shows the results of these tabulations, stratified both by combined ramp/grade
type and metering status. The rightmost column shows total record counts by ramp/grade
type across both ramp metering states. As shown, there were much fewer data collected
in the OR driving database than the FC database discussed earlier.
Table 4-2
Distribution of OR Driving Data Records by
Combined Ramp/Grade Type and Ramp Metering Status
Ramp Type - Grade Type
Diamond-Downgrade (D-D)
Diamond-Level (D-L)
Diamond-Update (D-U)
Loop-Downgrade (L-D)
Loop-Level (L-L)
Loop-Upgrade (L-U)
Total
Ramp Metering State
On
1,430
8,451
1,840
3,367
1,967
477
17,532
Off/Not Used
31
1,338
444
773
300
0
2,886
Total
1,461
9,789
2,284
4,140
2,267
477
20,418
In order to provide a "complete" series of on-ramp cycles for project-level MOVES use,
the 3,600 record minimum sample size requirement was not applied to the OR data.
Instead, OR driving groups were simply defined for each of the six ramp type-grade type
combinations and then separately (not jointly) for the two metering groups. This resulted
in the eight OR driving groups listed below.
Diamond-Downgrade (D-D)
Diamond-Level (D-L)
Diamond-Upgrade (D-U)
Loop-Downgrade (L-D)
Loop-Level (L-L)
-34-
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Loop-Upgrade (L-U)
Metering On (MON)
Metering Off or No Meter (MOF)
As clearly shown in Table 4-2, this resulted in very limited samples within some of the
defined groups. Moreover, the Sacramento driving study from which these data
originated was not conducted in a manner in which driving by time-of-day period (e.g.,
peak vs. non-peak) was proportionally represented. (Although driving runs from this
earlier study were performed in peak and non-peak periods, no attempt was made to
sample each period in proportion to its daily travel fraction.) Although the cycles
developed from these limited data may contain some bias, results shown later in this
section and in Section 5 suggest that differences in the operating patterns reflected in
these driving groups follow expected trends. (For example, stronger accelerations in
Diamond groups than Loop groups where a vehicle's ability to accelerate in less limited
by the curvature of the on-ramp.)
4.2 Driving Group Statistical Characterizations
Once the FC and OR driving data had been divided into groups for which separate
families of driving cycles were to be constructed, the next step in cycle development
consisted of generating joint speed-acceleration frequency distributions (or SAFDs) from
the driving data in each group. As explained later in Section 4.4, the SAFD was the
primary metric used to compare the speed and acceleration patterns contained in an
individual driving cycle to those of the driving database it was intended to represent.
Vehicle emissions can be highly affected by specific second-by-second speed variations
and the frequency with which these variations occur under in-use driving. Thus,
compilation of driving data into joint frequency distributions of speed and acceleration
provides an effective means to represent modal (i.e., second-by-second) driving patterns.
The SAFDs were constructed from all of the second-by-second composite vehicle speeds
and forward-differenced accelerations in each driving data group. They are subsequently
referred to as population SAFDs so as to distinguish them from cycle SAFDs that are
generated from the second-by-second speeds in each driving cycle.
A Fortran program called DrvStats was developed and used to calculate the population
SAFDs and a series of summary statistics for the data in each of the FC and OR driving
groups. Definitions of the SAFD intervals and each of the driving data statistics
calculated by the DrvStats program are given below.
SAFD Intervals - SAFDs were calculated by assigning the second-by-second speed and
accelerations in each driving data group into 861 (21 x 41) joint speed and acceleration
bins. The 21 speed bin intervals were defined as follows:
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Speed Bin Speed Range
0 zero (i.e., <0.1 mph)
1 0.1 to < 7.5 mph
2 7.5 to < 12.5 mph
3 12.5 to < 17.5 mph
20 97.5 to < 102.5 mph
The acceleration bins were defined at 1 mph per second (mph/s) intervals, as listed
below.
Accel Bin Accel Range
-20 -20.5 > to <-19.5 mph/s
-3 -3.5 > to <-2.5 mph/s
-2 -2.5 > to <-1.5 mph/s
-1 -1.5 > to <-0.5 mph/s
0 -0.5 > to < 0.5 mph/s
1 > 0.5 to < 1.5 mph/s
2 > 1.5 to < 2.5 mph/s
3 > 2.5 to < 3.5 mph/s
20 > 19.5 to < 20.5 mph/s
The frequencies in each joint speed-acceleration bin are reported as percentages (i.e., a
value of 0.25 indicates that 0.25% of the total number of second-by-second data records
occur within that joint bin).
Speed Statistics - Speed statistics produced by DrvStats consist of average and maximum
speed, average non-idle speed, and average cruise speed. Average non-idle speed is the
mean speed when not fully stopped at zero speed. Average cruise speed is the mean
speed when in "cruise" mode, where cruise mode is defined as acceleration or
deceleration rates less than or equal to ± 1.5 mph/s at speeds below 57.5 mph and less
than or equal to ± 0.5 mph/sec at speeds above 57.5 mph.
Acceleration Statistics - Reported acceleration statistics include both average and
maximum acceleration and average and maximum deceleration rates.
-36-
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Time-in-Mode Statistics - DrvStats also reports the percentage of time that occurred in
each of four modes: (1) idle; (2) cruise; (3) accel; and (4) decel. Idle mode refers to zero
speed and cruise mode was defined above. Accel and decel modes contain accelerations
and decelerations above those cutoffs used to define the cruise mode.
Trip Length Statistics - Mean trip or segment lengths expressed on both a distance
(miles) and time (minutes) basis are calculated from changes in the value of the RoutelD
field in the database. For the FC and OR driving data analyzed under this effort, these
statistics represent the average distance (or time) of contiguous driving sections under the
same FC/LOS or OR group.
Stops Per Mile - DrvStats defines a "stop" event as at least two consecutive speeds less
than or equal to 0.5 mph and treats low speed "creep" below 5 mph as a single stop event.
Stops per mile are reported as the average number of these stop events per mile driven.
Number of Observations - This is simply the number of second-by-second records in the
input driving data group.
PKE and Specific Power Statistics - DrvStats reports positive kinetic energy (PKE) as
the sum of positive differences in kinetic energy per unit distance. It also calculates
average positive power per unit mass and reports the average across all seconds as
"Average Total Specific Power" and across acceleration periods only as "Average Non-
Zero Specific Power." Maximum single-second specific power and specific power
distributions are also reported. Note that these power statistics are not the same as
Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) as defined by EPA and utilized in MOVES. They were
developed and defined by Sierra prior to EPA's use of VSP (which is used in MOVES).
MOVES Vehicle-Specific Power (VSP) Bin Distributions and Statistics - Under this
effort, calculation of MOVES-equivalent VSP statistics were incorporated into the
DrvStats program. The VSP calculations were based on methods described by EPA in
Appendix B of its MOVES2004 Energy and Emissions Inputs draft report.5 Second-by-
second VSP is a function of terms related to vehicle speed, acceleration, aerodynamic
drag, rolling resistance, and road grade. In practice, as described in Equation B-3 of that
report, VSP is calculated from a simplified form that uses track road-load coefficients A,
B, and C to account for rolling, rotational, and aerodynamic resistance, respectively.
In order to calculate these three coefficients for light-duty vehicles, an additional
parameter"track road load horsepower at 50 mph" (TRLHP)is needed. Values of
TRLHP have been compiled by Sierra Research in its "I/M Lookup Table" for individual
light-duty vehicle models from model years 1973 through 2008. However, these model-
specific TRLHP values could not be used for this effort because the chase-car based FC
and OR driving data studies did not include recording of the individual vehicle models
being followed at any given time.
Instead, TRLHP was estimated using regression equations developed by EPA as a
function of vehicle test weight. In applying this method for the chase car driving data,
-37-
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reference test weights for sales weighted average MY2008 passenger cars and light trucks
were determined from EPA's "Fuel Economy Trends" report.6 These values were 3,541
Ib and 4,742 Ib, respectively. Using these reference weights, TRLHP and A, B, and C
coefficients were estimated as representing the "average" passenger car and light-truck
followed in the chase car driving using equations B-4, B-5, and Table B-l 1 regression
coefficients from Appendix B of EPA's MOVES2004 report. Second-by-second average
car and average light truck VSP could then be computed from the FC and OR chase car
data from equation B-3 of that report.
In addition, since validated second-by-second road grade was available from the post-
processed FC and OR driving data, VSP calculations were performed two different ways:
(1) accounting for second-by-second road grade; and (2) ignoring measured road grade
(i.e., assuming constant level grade travel). Using an assumed split of 52% cars and 48%
light trucks from the Fuel Economy Trends report, average light-duty vehicle VSP was
then computed (both grade-compensated and un-compensated).
Once second-by-second VSP was computed (in units of kW/tonne), the data in each
driving group were also binned into operating mode (VSP/speed) bins using bin
definitions defined by EPA and used in MOVES. (These bin definitions are listed later in
the report in Section 6.) Thus, the DrvStats program also reported MOVES-based
VSP/Speed bin distributions for the data in each driving group as well as the mean VSP.
Figures 4-1 and 4-2 provide examples of a driving population SAFD and summary
statistics for the two different extremes of Urban Interstate (FC11) driving, the LOS A
and LOS F groups, respectively. (The VSP statistics in these figures reflect no grade
compensation.) In comparing the SAFD distributions contained in these two figures,
LOS A (uncongested) driving in Figure 4-1 is characterized by much more high speed
operation (86% of travel at or above 55 mph) than the heavily congested LOS F driving
shown in Figure 4-2 (3% of travel at or above 55 mph). This comparison highlights the
need to account for differences in operating patterns between driving groups that will be
applied on a link- or project-level basis.
The complete set of driving population SAFDs and summary statistics computed for each
of the FC and OR driving groups are provided in Appendices A and B. Appendix A
present the VSP statistics when compensating for or accounting for measured road grade.
VSP statistics in Appendix B are not road grade compensated.
To provide a broader comparison of driving differences, Table 4-3 compares several key
statistics for each FC and OR group from the detailed output provided in Appendix A.
As shown in Table 4-3, the driving characteristics within each population group generally
show expected variations.
For example, the average speeds of the LOS data groups generally decrease from LOS A
(uncongested) to LOS F (very congested). In addition, both the average and maximum
speeds are expectedly higher for rural interstate driving (FC01LOSAF) than urban
interstate groups (FC11LOSA through FC11LOSF).
-38-
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-39-
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Figure 4-1
Example Driving Population SAFD and Summary Statistics -
Urban Interstate (FC11) LOS A Driving
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s)
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.018
0.006
0.002
0.420
5
0.010
0.024
0.060
0.192
0.202
0.083
0.060
0.020
0.010
0.002
0.002
0.966
10
0.008
0.022
0.044
0.028
0.117
0.103
0.060
0.024
0.018
0.014
0.002
0.002
0.605
15
0.006
0.014
0.028
0.046
0.046
0.117
0.125
0.085
0.036
0.024
0.002
0.682
20
0.002
0.004
0.012
0.024
0.056
0.052
0.099
0.117
0.069
0.060
0.014
0.002
0.645
25
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.024
0.063
0.089
0.103
0.159
0.121
0.065
0.010
0.002
0.805
30
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.050
0.089
0.190
0.258
0.137
0.058
0.008
0.002
1.212
35
0.002
0.006
0.022
0.044
0.107
0.163
0.240
0.121
0.077
0.004
0.002
1.017
40
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.044
0.050
0.091
0.202
0.294
0.117
0.069
0.002
1.085
45
0.002
0.008
0.032
0.050
0.133
0.367
0.569
0.202
0.042
0.002
0.002
0.002
2.100
50
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.030
0.077
0.194
0.706
1.275
0.254
0.020
0.004
4.340
55
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.075
0.234
1.287
1.880
0.272
0.022
0.006
0.002
9.028
60
0.002
0.002
0.014
0.067
0.216
2.172
2.612
0.226
0.022
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.002
16.042
65
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.014
0.042
0.184
2.392
2.896
0.161
0.014
0.012
0.008
0.002
21 799
70
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.008
0.022
0.123
2.198
2.158
0.077
0.012
0.006
0.002
22 902
75
0.004
0.004
0.022
0.048
1.144
1.170
0.054
0.014
0.002
0.004
0.004
12864
80
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.016
0.335
0.256
0.010
0.002
0.002
2.941
85
0.002
0.002
0.050
0.030
0.002
0.002
0.492
90
0.010
0.054
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.010
0.032
0.091
0.313
0.734
1.712
11.845
14.362
2.055
0.597
0.137
0.054
0.012
0.010
0.006
0.002
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 /. (0-25 mph, 12 kw/tonne)
62.08
0.00
90.33
62.34
62.83
0.50
8.62
-0.52
-10.73
0.809
0.953
0.374
0.232
0.132
0 142
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.421
76.386
11.986
11.208
2.389
2.309
0.027
50,419
364
Power)
12.545
1.848
0.565
1.480
0.757
0.769
0.809
0.799
0 000
1.235
0.537
0.238
0.064
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.70
0.0556
0.1071
1.9627
48.06
31.15
13.51
4.69
2.58
10.740
22.190
0 000
32.061
16.784
4.859
1.624
-40-
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Figure 4-2
Example Driving Population SAFD and Summary Statistics -
Urban Interstate (FC11) LOS F Driving
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s)
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.007
0.011
0.092
0.007
0.002
2.585
5
0.009
0.007
0.063
0.186
0.787
3.153
3.851
1.061
0.321
0.070
0.020
0.024
0.007
16.996
10
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.011
0.046
0.074
0.286
0.894
2.644
2.965
0.969
0.300
0.083
0.026
0.022
0.002
0.002
13.912
15
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.022
0.048
0.103
0.247
0.862
2.266
2.583
1.091
0.245
0.074
0.022
0.011
0.004
0.007
0.002
12.246
20
0.002
0.004
0.011
0.015
0.046
0.092
0.212
0.783
2.036
2.644
0.905
0.203
0.052
0.017
0.011
0.002
11.006
25
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.009
0.033
0.039
0.103
0.232
0.612
2.018
2.690
0.770
0.122
0.035
0.011
0.007
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
10.783
30
0.002
0.011
0.007
0.015
0.044
0.061
0.164
0.553
1.513
2.311
0.595
0.101
0.015
0.011
0.002
0.002
8.872
35
0.002
0.002
0.009
0.007
0.028
0.050
0.142
0.381
1.211
1.962
0.400
0.066
0.033
0.015
0.002
6.838
40
0.002
0.002
0.007
0.013
0.017
0.046
0.125
0.289
0.800
1.612
0.230
0.037
0.017
0.007
0.002
0.002
5.314
45
0.004
0.007
0.013
0.031
0.090
0.227
0.573
1.292
0.129
0.024
0.007
0.011
4.382
50
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.017
0.022
0.048
0.133
0.553
1.058
0.092
0.011
0.002
0.004
3.735
55
0.002
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.013
0.046
0.079
0.286
0.485
0.046
0.002
2.005
60
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.026
0.037
0.140
0.188
0.013
0.868
65
0.002
0.009
0.024
0.083
0.052
0.398
70
0.028
0.007
0.059
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.022
0.037
0.063
0.136
0.313
0.663
1.813
5.668
17.317
23.792
6.307
1.432
0.389
0.144
0.081
0.017
0.013
0.007
0.002
0.004
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 /. (0-25 mph, 12 kw/tonne)
21.74
0.00
70.60
22.32
22.40
0.86
13.48
-0.95
-13.28
17.237
25.392
7.720
3.021
0.987
0 507
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.585
79.816
8.636
8.964
1.866
5.150
0.829
45,729
148
Power)
2.132
5.116
4.458
6.827
4.928
5.695
5.213
3.736
0 000
3.416
0.575
0.145
0.136
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0. 1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0. 2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
12.20
0.0395
0.0739
1.7925
46.54
39.12
10.50
2.84
1.00
1.384
1.654
0 000
1.233
0.483
0.108
0.029
-41-
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Table 4-3
Comparison of Key Driving Statistics Across Driving Groups
Driving
Group
FC01LOSAF
FC02LOSAC
FC02LOSDF
FC06LOSAF
FC07LOSAF
FC08LOSAF
FC09LOSAF
FC11LOSA
FC11LOSB
FC11LOSC
FC11LOSD
FC11LOSE
FC11LOSF
FC12LOSA
FC12LOSB
FC12LOSC
FC12LOSD
FC12LOSE
FC12LOSF
FC14LOSA
FC14LOSB
FC14LOSC
FC14LOSD
FC14LOSE
FC14LOSF
FC16LOSA
FC16LOSB
FC16LOSC
FC16LOSD
FC16LOSE
FC16LOSF
FC17LOSAC
FC17LOSD
FC17LOSEF
FC19LOSAC
FC19LOSDF
FC21LOSAF
FC22LOSAF
FC23LOSAF
OR D-D
OR D-L
OR D-U
OR L-D
OR L-L
OR L-U
OR MON
OR MOF
Number of
Observations
78,441
34,009
7,332
20,609
76,717
39,197
12,820
50,419
17,534
27,008
20,310
19,447
45,729
87,328
36,754
32,775
29,751
19,821
36,722
204,543
8,194
8,703
109,307
6,920
22,692
171,745
7,449
8,295
49,728
5,621
10,388
91,792
12,178
3,106
72,405
9,212
17,157
20,117
7,224
1,461
9,789
2,284
4,140
2,267
477
2,886
17,532
Speed (mph)
Mean
72.84
55.04
48.77
44.55
42.85
38.90
30.10
62.08
64.81
63.76
57.18
46.61
21.74
53.35
65.42
62.98
50.90
42.33
19.67
25.78
35.15
27.20
21.72
17.26
9.55
27.17
29.16
23.68
22.06
14.62
11.13
22.26
18.49
11.41
16.88
12.31
26.99
25.07
41.14
38.61
37.96
32.89
33.12
32.36
31.90
21.32
38.06
Max
104.72
98.36
83.00
78.32
81.81
82.79
74.46
90.33
86.47
91.73
80.82
78.10
70.60
88.19
85.06
97.70
79.27
79.39
72.42
81.47
78.01
74.53
69.33
56.33
68.47
77.35
69.88
78.50
77.02
56.22
49.09
67.32
61.41
56.02
64.65
44.69
83.44
74.71
83.05
70.09
78.85
65.58
67.85
66.71
55.85
61.97
78.85
Accel (mph/s)
Mean
0.34
0.63
0.71
0.87
1.02
1.18
1.24
0.50
0.40
0.42
0.51
0.65
0.86
0.60
0.38
0.43
0.61
0.71
0.87
.23
.10
.39
.20
.42
.24
.26
.41
.43
.26
.54
.41
.41
.48
.74
.44
.45
.71
.42
0.69
.75
.43
.73
.48
.27
.43
.83
.44
Max
8.37
9.33
7.54
12.20
10.19
11.52
7.18
8.62
5.78
7.51
7.83
17.70
13.48
11.05
9.70
12.12
10.82
7.27
10.14
17.32
10.31
9.27
11.21
10.04
11.15
14.70
7.75
12.37
12.76
7.82
11.69
13.05
10.63
9.37
12.45
8.46
13.21
11.98
12.32
6.69
8.63
7.30
7.24
6.93
4.11
8.63
6.93
Mean VSP
(kW/tonne)
17.34
9.89
8.09
6.72
5.97
4.75
3.81
12.54
12.88
12.48
10.89
7.77
2.13
10.09
13.01
11.88
8.56
6.42
2.03
2.72
3.85
2.69
2.11
1.25
0.77
2.77
2.08
1.80
2.08
0.86
0.84
1.72
1.56
0.52
0.89
0.20
7.68
-1.85
6.32
14.84
11.42
10.49
10.37
8.05
8.77
3.25
12.19
-42-
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In this manner, SAFDs and other statistics were compiled for all of the vehicle data in
each driving group and were used as the basis to measure the representativeness of
individual driving cycles developed for each driving group. How these individual driving
cycles were constructed is explained in the following sub-section.
4.3 Candidate Cycle Construction
Given a set of driving data that may encompass many thousands of second-by-second
speed measurements, it is not practical to develop a driving cycle for emission testing
purposes by simply stringing together all the data into a very long speed-time trace. To
minimize the cost of emission test programs (or to maximize the number of vehicles that
can be tested for a fixed level of resources), it is desirable to make driving cycles as short
as possible in length while maintaining their representativeness of the entire driving data
set from which they were created.
The LA4 driving cycle used in EPA's Federal Test Procedure (FTP) is 1372 seconds or
nearly 23 minutes long. CARS's Unified Cycle is of similar length (just under 24
minutes). EPA's facility-specific freeway cycles used to develop the speed correction
factors contained in its MOBILE6 emission factor model range from six to ten minutes in
length. Thus, a key element in driving cycle development of driving cycles consists of
sifting through the speed measurements and constructing individual speed-time traces
that:
1. Represent the distribution of speeds and accelerations in the entire data set;
2. Preserve multi-second driving patterns as measured; and
3. Are short enough in length for practical emissions testing use or implementation
as input driving schedules within MOVES.
Based on these considerations, target cycle lengths in the range of 10-15 minutes were
established for the cycles constructed under this effort.
Trip Segment Identification - A similar methodology to that employed by Sierra in
development of the EPA facility-specific cycles7 was used to construct driving cycles
under this study that met the three key objectives listed above. Under this methodology,
a computerized "trial and error" approach was used to select combinations of "trip
segments" that best matched the population SAFD for each driving data set for which
cycles were constructed. Under cycle development work performed for EPA and CARB
in the early 1990s, Sierra had used an approach that generated candidate cycles from
microtrips, rather than trip segments. Microtrips were defined as chunks of speed data
that began and ended at rest (i.e., zero speed). The microtrip approach was used to
develop "composite cycles" that covered a range of travel on both freeways and surface
streets. It does not work for development of freeway specific cycles since vehicles rarely
come to a complete stop under freeway driving. Thus, a different element of speed-time
-43-
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trace, the trip segment, was defined and used under the EPA facility-specific cycle
development effort and this study.
A trip segment was defined as a second-by-second speed trace whose endpoints were
determined by any of the following conditions:
The vehicle came to a complete stop (defined as at least two seconds of zero
speed);
There was a time discontinuity of more than one second from one record to the
next within the chronologically sorted data for a driving group; or
A contiguous portion of data was identified with a minimum time of 120 seconds
that started and ended at cruise (defined for this use as acceleration <±0.5
mph/sec) or at rest.
As explained earlier in Section 3-1, time discontinuities occur in the driving database
where the chase car moved off the freeway sampling segment to turn around and begin
the next sampling traverse. When the records in the overall freeway driving database are
grouped into separate chronologically sorted driving files for each LOS or speed bin, a
time discontinuity also occurs if the LOS or speed bin changes (or is missing) from one
freeway section to the next.
For example, consider an excerpt of continuously measured second-by-second speeds
collected over a traverse of a five-mile length of freeway comprised often half-mile
sections. Suppose the LOS on each of the first three sections was "B", "C", and "B",
respectively. Further assume that each section was traversed in 30 seconds, as follows:
Section 1 from 08:00:00 to 08:00:30,
Section 2 from 08:00:30 to 08:01:00, and
Sections from 08:01:00 to 08:01:30.
When the data are grouped into separate files for each LOS, the records in the LOS B
group will exhibit a time discontinuity from 08:00:30 (the end of Section 1) to 08:01:00
(the start of Section 3).
Thus, the first element in cycle construction consisted of identifying the individual trip
segments within each Functional Class and LOS driving data group file as described
above.
Table 4-4 summarizes the number of individual trip segments that were found for each
driving group. As shown, most driving groups contained several hundred or more
individual trip segments. Therefore, the number of possible combinations of trip
segments chained or grafted together into a candidate driving cycle nominally ten
minutes in length was quite large.
-44-
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Table 4-4
Trip Segment Counts by Driving Data Group
Driving Group
FC01LOSAF
FC02LOSAC
FC02LOSDF
FC06LOSAF
FC07LOSAF
FC08LOSAF
FC09LOSAF
FC11LOSA
FC11LOSB
FC11LOSC
FC11LOSD
FC11LOSE
FC11LOSF
FC12LOSA
FC12LOSB
FC12LOSC
FC12LOSD
FC12LOSE
FC12LOSF
FC14LOSA
FC14LOSB
FC14LOSC
FC14LOSD
FC14LOSE
FC14LOSF
FC16LOSA
FC16LOSB
FC16LOSC
FC16LOSD
FC16LOSE
FC16LOSF
FC17LOSAC
FC17LOSD
FC17LOSEF
FC19LOSAC
FC19LOSDF
FC21LOSAF
FC22LOSAF
FC23LOSAF
OR D-D
OR D-L
OR D-U
OR L-D
OR L-L
OR L-U
OR MON
OR MOF
Trip Segments
120
32
74
322
245
197
364
116
231
293
277
148
516
200
263
352
266
150
1,511
164
183
757
99
206
1,416
169
157
477
80
114
1,374
258
71
1,690
321
683
678
187
120
55
317
81
145
59
18
55
620
-45-
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For example, assume the average length of a trip segment in the FC11LOSF driving
group was 30 seconds in length and thus a 10-minute cycle in this group would be made
up of 20 segments (on average). This group contains a total of 516 segments as
highlighted in Table 4-4. Assuming there were no other cycle construction constraints,
the FC11LOSF group would contain a total of 5.07 x 1037 possible trip segment
combinations. This is a prohibitively large number of combinations to individually
evaluate, even with current computing technology. Thus, "intelligent" cycle construction
logic had to be applied that didn't examine every possible combination in trying to find
trip segment combinations that closely matched the SAFD of the intended driving group.
Trip Segment Chaining Constraints - Unlike microtrips that start and end at zero speed
and thus can easily be chained or grafted together, not all trip segments can be chained
together because the starting and ending speeds (and accelerations) vary from segment to
segment. Consider two trip segments, one at a steady 55 mph speed and another at a
steady 70 mph. If the 70 mph trip segment was chained onto the end of the 55 mph
segment, the result would be an artificial acceleration of 15 mph/sec (70-55) at the
chaining point that clearly does not represent actual driving patterns.
Thus, constraints were imposed that allowed only certain combinations of trip segments
to be chained together in order to eliminate these speed/acceleration artifacts. Trip
segments could be chained together only when the starting speed and acceleration of a
"candidate" segment matched the ending speed and acceleration of the "current" segment
within tolerances of ±0.5 mph and ±0.5 mph/sec, respectively. These tight tolerances
ensure that trip segments are chained only in "smooth" combinations in a manner that
virtually eliminates unrepresentative grafting artifacts.
Cycle Construction Logic - The "Hybrid Random/Best Incremental" cycle construction
logic developed under the 1997 facility-specific cycle work for EPA was used to generate
a series of candidate driving cycles for each driving group from combinations of its
individual trip segments.
Under this approach, a "seed" sample of trip segments for some subset of the desired
cycle time (e.g., the first 4 minutes of a 10-minute cycle) was selected completely at
random (with replacement). After the seed sample time was reached, subsequent trip
segments were selected and successively built onto the seed sample by finding the
segment that produced the best match of the cycle SAFD to the population SAFD for the
driving group when added to the existing segments. This latter trip segment sampling
phase is referred to as the "best incremental" phase because successive trip segments
built on to the cycle after the random phase are selected by producing the best marginal
improvement in matching the cycle's SAFD to that of the driving population.
Conceptually, an approach based exclusively on the best incremental logic may appear
more reasonable. The problem with this approach, however, is that the longest trip
segments are, individually, much better at fitting the population SAFD than are shorter
-46-
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segments. Thus, a purely "best incremental" method would result in only a few of the
longest trip segments being selected before the target time is reached.
Under the hybrid method, by first creating a seed sample of randomly selected trip
segments onto which successive trip segments were added, the best incrementally fitting
trip segments that remained were not simply the longest segments.
o
Comparative evaluation of several hundred cycles in past work that compared random,
best incremental, and hybrid approaches clearly showed that the hybrid approach was
superior in constructing candidate cycles that best fit the population SAFD.
During both sampling phases, the trip chaining constraints described earlier were used to
identify a subset of "Matching Segments" whose starting speeds and accelerations
matched the ending speeds and accelerations of the current trip segment within the listed
tolerances. Only those segments that were contained in the Matching Segments subset
were then considered for random or best incremental selection as described above. Note
that identification of the Matching Segments subset was a dynamic process, performed
before each new trip segment is added, and thus it produced a different subset of trip
segments at each step.
Finally, since the cycles generated under this effort are link-level or project-specific
cycles, no attempt was made to preserve the natural order of the trip segments as they
were traversed. (In composite cycle development, it is important to preserve this order to
properly account for driving patterns that occur during engine and catalyst warm-up. For
these link-level cycles, this constraint did not need to be imposed.)
Candidate Cycle Generation - A Fortran program called GenCycs was written and
executed to apply the Hybrid Random/Best Incremental cycle construction logic
described earlier to iteratively "build" trip segments into a candidate driving cycle and
repeated to generate thousands of candidate cycles.
The GenCycs program was designed to input varying constraints on both the total cycle
time and the amount of initial time that each candidate driving cycle was built using
randomly selected trip segments. (During the time after the initial time but before the
total time was reached, trip segments were built into each candidate cycle using "best
incremental" selection.)
GenCycs was also written to allow different methods of candidate cycle vs. population
optimization to be performed by the program as each cycle was generated:
Total SAFD - optimize (i.e., minimize) the total difference between candidate
cycle and population SAFD over the entire SAFD;
Non-Idle SAFD - optimize the difference between candidate cycle and population
SAFD over the non-idle portion of the SAFD;
-47-
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Non-Cruise SAFD - optimize the difference between candidate cycle and
population SAFD over the non-cruise portion* of the SAFD;
Total Power - optimize the difference in total specific power distribution between
the candidate cycle and its driving population; and
High Power - optimize the difference in specific power distribution for "high
power" intervals of 200 mph /sec and greater.
These optimization strategies were developed over earlier cycle development studies
performed by Sierra. For this effort, all candidate cycles were generated using "Non-
Cruise SAFD" optimization. This method was selected in conjunction with manual cycle
editing procedures applied later in the process, with the rationale that cycle editing would
focus on and optimize representativeness for the cruise portion of the SAFD. (Cycle
editing is discussed in Section 4.5.) Therefore, a non-cruise optimization strategy was
selected during candidate cycle generation knowing that the cruise portion of the cycle
would be optimized later.
Using the non-cruise optimization strategy and varying total cycle time and initial
random time inputs, GenCycs runs were set up and executed to produce thousands of
candidate cycles for each of the 39 FC and 8 OR driving groups discussed earlier. As
stated at the beginning of this section, the targeted cycle length was 10-15 minutes. Thus,
a number of cycle "sets" were generated for each group for total cycle times of 10 and 15
minutes and different combinations of initial random times for each set. Table 4-5 lists
the combinations of total time and initial random time used for building sets of candidate
cycles in every group.
Table 4-5
Candidate Cycle Building Input Combinations Per Driving Group
Total Cycle
Time (min)
Initial Random
Time Sets (min)
Number
of Sets
Candidate
Cycles Per Set
Number of
Candidate Cycles
FC Groups
10
15
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8,9,10,11,12
Per FC Group Totals
7
12
19
1,000
1,000
1,000
7,000
12,000
19,000
OR Groups
10
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Per OR Group Totals
8
8
200
200
1,400
1,400
* The non-cruise portion of the SAFD under this optimization method was defined as the entire SAFD
except that portion with accelerations or decelerations at or below 0.5 mph/sec (i.e., everything except the
"Zero Accel" row in the tabular SAFD).
-48-
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Encompassing all 47 driving groups (39 FC and 8 OR groups), a total of 752,200
individual candidate cycles (19,000*39 + 1,400*8) were generated under this effort.
4.4 Selection of Most Representative Cycles
Once the many thousands of candidate cycles were generated for each cycle group,
another Fortran program called FindBest was used to identify "short lists" of candidate
cycles whose SAFDs best matched the population SAFD.
DiffSum Metric - A statistical metric labeled the "DiffSum" was computed within the
FindBest program to quantify the match between each candidate cycle's SAFD and that
of the population. The DiffSum is computed as the difference between the joint speed
and acceleration frequency of the candidate cycle compared to that of the population,
summed on an absolute basis (i.e., without regard to positive or negative bias) across
each frequency bin of the SAFD. Mathematically, the DiffSum is expressed as follows:
DiffSum = £ £ \CycSAFDsa -PopSAFDsa
a=-20 s=0
where
CycSAFD = the cycle's joint speed-acceleration frequency at speed interval s and
acceleration interval a; and
PopSAFD = the driving population's joint speed-acceleration frequency at speed
interval s and acceleration interval a.
Candidate Cycle Short Lists - Using the same "Non-Cruise SAFD" optimization strategy
employed in generating candidate cycles, the FindBest program sifted through the
summary statistics generated for each candidate cycle and produced a sorted short list of
the 50 top-ranked candidate cycles for each driving group.
Figure 4-3 shows the "Best 50" short list produced by FindBest for the FC01LOSAF
candidate driving cycles. The candidate cycles in the short list are sorted in ascending
order by Non-Cruise S/A Diff (or DiffSum) from best (lowest) to worst (highest).
Overall, these 50 candidate cycles had the lowest Non-Cruise DiffSums of all 19,000
FC01LOSAF candidate cycles generated.
As shown in Figure 4-3, the short lists also include Total, Non-Idle, and "Emis-Wtd"
DiffSums and cycle times (in minutes) for each candidate cycle. All of the DiffSums
except the Emis-Wtd DiffSum were computed on an un-weighted basis. In other words,
each joint speed-acceleration bin in the SAFD was given equal weight.
The Emis-Wtd (short for Emissions-Weighted) DiffSum was computed using a weighting
scheme developed from analysis modal emissions data collected under an earlier testing
-49-
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-50-
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Figure 4-3
Short List of Best Candidate Cycles for FC01-LOSA-F Driving
RANK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
CYCLE FILE
FC01LOSAF C10R04-00854.OUT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R03-00050.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00129.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R07-00391.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00866.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00017.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R01-00996.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00915.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00039.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00006.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R03-00258.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00662.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00938.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00632.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R04-00595.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00091.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00024.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00208.0UT
FC01LOSAF_C10R02-00196.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00007.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R07-00714.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00361.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R03-00376.OUT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R03-00049.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00684.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00426.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00242.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R04- 00191 .OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00384.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00213.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00561.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R06-0041 1 .OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00975.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00925.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00955.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R03-00759.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00579.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00190.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00215.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R01-00148.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00706.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R01-00067.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R05-00997.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R02-00083.0UT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R01-00334.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00750.OUT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00374.0UT
FC01LOSAF C10R03-00149.0UT
FC01LOSAF_C10R02-00384.OUT
FC01 LOSAF_C10R05-00824.OUT
TOTAL
S/A DIFF
0.21518
0.53021
0.35456
0.38954
0.37009
0.37009
0.37009
0.37009
0.37009
0.37009
0.31953
0.47295
0.47295
0.47295
0.51508
0.51508
0.51508
0.47258
0.47258
0.36382
0.49390
0.63365
0.49020
0.49020
0.49020
0.49020
0.49020
0.24605
0.44743
0.29441
0.89223
0.23203
0.56914
0.45669
0.35873
0.42225
0.42225
0.39439
0.39439
0.39439
0.56949
0.56949
0.22121
0.70542
0.70542
0.42750
0.42750
0.42750
0.83487
0.48831
NON-IDLE
S/A DIFF
0.21499
0.53002
0.35437
0.38935
0.36990
0.36990
0.36990
0.36990
0.36990
0.36990
0.31934
0.47276
0.47276
0.47276
0.51489
0.51489
0.51489
0.47239
0.47239
0.36363
0.49371
0.63346
0.49001
0.49001
0.49001
0.49001
0.49001
0.24586
0.44724
0.29422
0.89204
0.23184
0.56895
0.45650
0.35854
0.42205
0.42205
0.39420
0.39420
0.39420
0.56930
0.56930
0.22102
0.70523
0.70523
0.42731
0.42731
0.42731
0.83468
0.48812
NON-CRUISE
S/A DIFF
0.06090
0.06197
0.06359
0.06421
0.06454
0.06454
0.06454
0.06454
0.06454
0.06454
0.06482
0.06531
0.06531
0.06531
0.06568
0.06568
0.06568
0.06604
0.06604
0.06615
0.06643
0.06661
0.06662
0.06662
0.06662
0.06662
0.06662
0.06708
0.06725
0.06756
0.06783
0.06797
0.06833
0.06846
0.06882
0.06882
0.06882
0.06895
0.06895
0.06895
0.06903
0.06903
0.06925
0.06926
0.06926
0.06937
0.06937
0.06937
0.06944
0.06961
EMIS-WTD
S/A DIFF
0.20624
0.52128
0.34563
0.38061
0.36116
0.36116
0.36116
0.36116
0.36116
0.36116
0.31059
0.46401
0.46401
0.46401
0.50615
0.50615
0.50615
0.46364
0.46364
0.35488
0.48496
0.62471
0.48126
0.48126
0.48126
0.48126
0.48126
0.2371 1
0.43850
0.28547
0.88329
0.22309
0.56021
0.44775
0.34979
0.41331
0.41331
0.38546
0.38546
0.38546
0.56055
0.56055
0.21227
0.69648
0.69648
0.41856
0.41856
0.41856
0.82593
0.47938
TOTAL
POWER DIFF
0.36651
0.38032
0.36921
0.35475
0.35188
0.35188
0.35188
0.35188
0.35188
0.35188
0.35472
0.34917
0.34917
0.34917
0.39707
0.39707
0.39707
0.35483
0.35483
0.37477
0.35776
0.35480
0.35678
0.35678
0.35678
0.35678
0.35678
0.42536
0.35483
0.35707
0.35195
0.35295
0.35479
0.35776
0.35758
0.35777
0.35777
0.35472
0.35472
0.35472
0.38178
0.38178
0.37701
0.36651
0.36651
0.35480
0.35480
0.35480
0.35487
0.35430
HIGH (200+)
POWER DIFF SEGMENTS
0.17740 6
0.17871 6
0.18288 6
0.18149 6
0.17939 6
0.17939 6
0.17939 6
0.17939 6
0.17939 6
0.17939 6
0.18149 6
0.17594 6
0.17594 6
0.17594 6
0.17740 6
0.17740 6
0.17740 6
0.17742 6
0.17742 6
0.17871 6
0.17888 6
0.17740 6
0.17839 6
0.17839 6
0.17839 6
0.17839 6
0.17839 6
0.17772 6
0.17742 6
0.17854 6
0.18288 6
0.18427 6
0.18704 6
0.17888 6
0.17879 6
0.17889 5
0.17889 5
0.18149 6
0.18149 6
0.18149 6
0.17742 6
0.17742 6
0.17724 6
0.17740 6
0.17740 6
0.17740 6
0.17740 6
0.17740 6
0.17710 6
0.17715 7
TIME MEAN SPD MAX SPD FST SPD LST SPD Finish Best
(min) (mph) (mph) (mph) (mph) Build? Selected
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.02
10.25
10.25
10.25
10.25
10.25
10.25
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.02
12.02
12.00
12.13
12.00
11.45
11.45
11.45
11.45
11.45
10.63
12.02
11.65
12.00
10.85
12.05
12.13
12.00
10.12
10.12
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.02
12.02
10.12
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
11.63
11.70
73.77
74.82
74.70
76.24
73.18
73.18
73.18
73.18
73.18
73.18
75.78
73.77
73.77
73.77
74.25
74.25
74.25
76.24
76.24
73.71
72.84
76.03
72.91
72.91
72.91
72.91
72.91
73.27
76.00
73.46
73.69
74.93
76.40
74.68
74.84
74.63
74.63
73.24
73.24
73.24
73.97
73.97
73.94
76.78
76.78
73.60
73.60
73.60
77.24
73.60
84.43
84.43
84.45
85.08
82.18
82.18
82.18
82.18
82.18
82.18
86.11
84.45
84.45
84.45
81.54
81.54
81.54
84.43
84.43
81.41
83.98
84.43
84.55
84.55
84.55
84.55
84.55
87.35
84.43
85.27
83.10
88.42
85.50
83.98
85.23
83.98
83.98
81.77
81.77
81.77
81.54
81.54
87.35
84.43
84.43
84.43
84.43
84.43
86.23
84.55
75.7
67.4
79.8
75.0
64.6
64.6
64.6
64.6
64.6
64.6
85.4
78.7
78.7
78.7
74.3
74.3
74.3
74.3
74.3
71.8
67.4
77.2
80.5
80.5
80.5
80.5
80.5
67.3
79.0
80.5
73.1
83.8
74.8
72.9
85.0
74.0
74.0
76.3
76.3
76.3
78.1
78.1
67.9
71.8
71.8
68.2
68.2
68.2
77.8
80.5
71 .0 T X
72.8 T
82.2 T
80.4 T
72.6 T
72.6 T
72.6 T
72.6 T
72.6 T
72.6 T
78.4 T
77.1 T
77.1 T
77.1 T
74.5 T
74.5 T
74.5 T
73.0 T
73.0 T
75.4 T
54.9 T
72.8 T
70.3 T
70.3 T
70.3 T
70.3 T
70.3 T
70.3 T
63.7 T
73.9 T
73.6 T
78.4 T
72.7 T
54.9 T
78.0 T
69.8 T
69.8 T
78.4 T
78.4 T
78.4 T
80.9 T
80.9 T
74.2 T
8 .9 T
8 .9 T
8 .9 T
8 .9 T
8 .9 T
78.9 T
70.3 T
program Sierra performed for the University of California, Davis. Under that program,
12 relatively new light-duty vehicles were tested over a variety of transient driving
cycles. Under this effort, Sierra analyzed the second-by-second emissions data from that
study that were collected under fully warmed-up conditions. The resulting analysis was
used to construct a weighting function over those SAFD speed and acceleration bins for
which high emissions were found on a relative basis from analysis of the modal data from
the 12-vehicle test fleet. The analysis was based on combined THC (total hydrocarbon)
and NOx (oxides of nitrogen) emissions.
Since the weighting analysis was based on a limited sample of 12 vehicles, Sierra
recognized it was not fully representative of an entire on-road fleet and is unlikely to
represent emissions weighting of future vehicle fleets using different emission control
technologies and emission strategies. Thus, the resulting relative emission frequencies
were intentionally assigned bin values of either zero or one to produce an "approximate"
emissions weighting over the SAFD.
Table 4-6 shows this approximate emissions weighting and identifies those bins that were
given weights of either zero or one, based on the analysis described above.
-51-
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Table 4-6
Approximated Emissions Weighting Scheme
Accel
Intervals
-5 to - 20
-4
O
-2
-1
0
Ito20
Speed Intervals with
Weighting of One (1)
None
Intervals of 70 mph and above
Intervals of 60 mph and above
Intervals of 50 mph and above
Intervals of 50 mph and above
Intervals of 40 mph and above
All
Speed Intervals with
Weighting of Zero (0)
All
Intervals of 65 mph and below
Intervals of 55 mph and below
Intervals of 45 mph and below
Intervals of 45 mph and below
Intervals of 35 mph and below
None
As explained below, this approximate emissions weighting function was used in
conjunction with the Non-Cruise DiffSum and the candidate cycle time to select a single
"best" cycle from each short list.
Selection of Best Single Cycle - Once each "Best 50" candidate cycle short list was
generated, the candidate cycle at the top of the list (lowest Non-Cruise DiffSum) was not
always selected as the single best cycle. Instead, the Emis-Wtd DiffSum and the
resulting cycle time were considered as "secondary ranking factors" in conjunction with
the primary factor, Non-Cruise DiffSum.
The basic logic used in this selection process consisted of comparing both the Non-Cruise
and Emis-Wtd DiffSums of all 50 top-ranked cycles. Starting at the top of the list and
working down, if a candidate cycle had a much better (lower) Emis-Wtd than that of the
top ranked cycle on the basis of Non-Cruise DiffSum and the difference in Non-Cruise
DiffSums was less, that candidate cycle was selected instead of the one with simply the
lowest Non-Cruise DiffSum. In situations where this trade off was roughly even, the
lowest cycle time between the two candidates was used as a "tiebreaker."
Table 4-7 lists the single best cycle selected from each short list and that cycle's ranking
based on Non-Cruise DiffSum. Also shown in Table 4-7 are the Total, Non-Cruise, and
Emis-Wtd DiffSums and the cycle time (in minutes). (The Total Diffsum in Table 4-7
refers to the Diffsum over the entire speed-acceleration range. It is not the sum of the
other Diffsum elements in the table.)
At this point in the cycle development process, this collection of single best cycles is
referred to as the final unedited cycles. The next sub-section describes how the speed-
time trace for each cycle was interactively edited within a series of utility spreadsheets to
optimally match the cruise portion of each cycle's SAFD with that of its intended driving
population.
-52-
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Table 4-7
Selected Best Cycles and Their Ranking Based on Non-Cruise DiffSum
Driving
Group
FC01LOSAF
FC02LOSAC
FC02LOSDF
FC06LOSAF
FC07LOSAF
FC08LOSAF
FC09LOSAF
FC11LOSA
FC11LOSB
FC11LOSC
FC11LOSD
FC11LOSE
FC11LOSF
FC12LOSA
FC12LOSB
FC12LOSC
FC12LOSD
FC12LOSE
FC12LOSF
FC14LOSA
FC14LOSB
FC14LOSC
FC14LOSD
FC14LOSE
FC14LOSF
FC16LOSA
FC16LOSB
FC16LOSC
FC16LOSD
FC16LOSE
FC16LOSF
FC17LOSAC
FC17LOSD
FC17LOSEF
FC19LOSAC
FC19LOSDF
FC21LOSAF
FC22LOSAF
FC23LOSAF
OR D-D
OR D-L
OR D-U
OR L-D
OR L-L
OR L-U
OR MON
OR MOF
Cycle Name
FC01LOSAF C10R04-00854
FC02LOSAC C15R02-00646
FC02LOSDF C10R05-00513
FC06LOSAF C15RO 1-00276
FC07LOSAF C10R07-00913
FC08LOSAF C10R05-00330
FC09LOSAF C15R06-00563
FC11LOSA C10R03-00929
FC11LOSB C10R02-00546
FC11LOSC C15R09-00849
FC11LOSD C15R10-00068
FC11LOSE C15R1 1-00851
FC11LOSF C15R01-00876
FC12LOSA C15R02-00501
FC12LOSB C15R08-00003
FC12LOSC C15R04-00582
FC12LOSD C15R09-00037
FC12LOSE C15R10-00782
FC12LOSF C15R08-00294
FC14LOSA C15R03-00651
FC14LOSB C15R07-00177
FC14LOSC C10R04-00104
FC14LOSD C15R01-00836
FC14LOSE C15R03-00606
FC14LOSF C15R05-00424
FC16LOSA C15R05-00755
FC16LOSB C15R03-00219
FC16LOSC C15R05-00252
FC16LOSD C15R02-00561
FC16LOSE C15R05-00799
FC16LOSF C10R02-00249
FC17LOSAC C15R01-00333
FC17LOSD C15R05-00480
FC17LOSEF C15R02-00734
FC19LOSAC C15R08-00267
FC19LOSDF C15R03-00074
FC21LOSAF C10RO 1-00 166
FC22LOSAF C15R03-00264
FC23LOSAF C15R09-00816
OR D-D C10R05-00026
OR D-L C10R04-00200
OR D-U C10R07-00029
OR L-D C10R07-00176
OR L-L C10R07-00170
OR L-U C10R07-00184
OR MON C10R03-00068
OR MOF C10R04-00118
Rank
1
4
1
6
1
1
1
3
13
11
3
7
9
14
9
3
8
1
7
2
3
1
6
1
2
24
1
2
4
1
1
3
1
1
26
2
1
1
11
1
10
1
1
1
1
1
4
DiffSum
Total
0.2152
0.2898
0.4389
0.3040
0.3438
0.3491
0.3393
0.2688
0.2232
0.1729
0.2984
0.3566
0.2380
0.3237
0.1620
0.1806
0.3080
0.3932
0.2573
0.2379
0.4398
0.4008
0.2543
0.2114
0.1953
0.3812
0.2937
0.2320
0.2566
0.2265
0.2521
0.2159
0.2743
0.3561
0.2066
0.1346
0.7094
0.5612
0.7289
1.1363
1.1071
1.3228
0.9972
1.2732
1.0143
0.8967
1.4555
Non-Cruise
0.0609
0.1239
0.2262
0.1491
0.1270
0.1870
0.1887
0.1223
0.0922
0.0742
0.1426
0.2066
0.1403
0.1284
0.0608
0.0884
0.1510
0.2370
0.1390
0.1000
0.2487
0.2253
0.1025
0.1338
0.0869
0.1187
0.1908
0.1509
0.1010
0.1563
0.1283
0.1022
0.1510
0.1970
0.0741
0.0900
0.3905
0.2805
0.3738
0.7110
0.6882
0.5714
0.5801
0.5345
0.5871
0.5697
0.5990
Emis-Wtd
0.2062
0.2215
0.3416
0.1890
0.1412
0.2069
0.1942
0.2160
0.2045
0.1524
0.2225
0.2588
0.1320
0.2301
0.1455
0.1507
0.1878
0.2154
0.1169
0.1451
0.2347
0.1991
0.0698
0.0974
0.0476
0.1227
0.1488
0.1050
0.0925
0.0946
0.0764
0.0904
0.1064
0.1042
0.0582
0.0471
0.3642
0.1849
0.4821
0.7059
0.5943
0.5845
0.5839
0.8396
0.5385
0.3607
0.6387
Cycle Time
(minutes)
12.00
15.03
11.32
15.82
29.67
12.70
17.65
11.87
11.13
16.90
15.80
16.02
15.58
16.60
15.10
16.70
16.03
15.52
16.85
16.75
12.75
10.15
15.32
15.07
16.10
16.08
14.40
15.58
15.95
12.80
10.68
14.70
12.12
9.47
15.28
15.50
5.67
7.90
7.55
0.70
1.40
1.47
0.47
0.90
0.42
1.30
1.42
-53-
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4.5 Cycle Optimization Editing
The next step in the cycle development process involved manually editing each of the
computer-generated final unedited cycles to improve their fit to the target SAFD. Using
a procedure developed under previous work7 for EPA, editing was limited to two types of
operations: (1) segment addition, and (2) segment shortening.
Each of these is described below.
Segment Addition - Segment addition consisted of inserting segments of actual speed-
time trace from the entire data set for that driving group that began and ended with a
speed within 0.5 mph of the speed at the insertion point. Segment addition was
performed for the cycle's "cruise" SAFD bins (i.e., those along the "Zero Accel" row in
the SAFD) that underrepresented the frequency of those bins compared to the population
SAFD. The entire second-by-second data for each cycle's driving group were manually
examined and pieces of actual speed-time trace from the master data set were identified
and inserted into the cycle's trace using the criterion described above.
For example, during editing of the Urban Interstate (FC=11) LOS C cycle, Sierra
determined that the cycle underrepresented operation in SAFD Bin 10,0, which
represents speeds between 47.5 and 52.5 mph and accelerations less than ±0.5 mph/sec.
A six-second speed-time trace was found from the FC11-LOS C driving data set (driven
on) that began and ended at approximately 52.2 mph. An appropriate insertion point was
found in the cycle with adjacent speeds close to 52.2 mph. This six-second trace was
then inserted into the cycle at the insertion point.
Note that in some instances, the inserted trace also contained some amount of operation
at accel/decel rates outside the ±0.5 mph/sec range of the "cruise" bins in the SAFD. As
long as the inserted trace began and ended within 0.5 mph of the speed at the insertion
point and this amount of non-cruise operation was improving (rather than worsening) the
representation of those affected non-cruise bins, it was considered acceptable.
Segment Shortening - Segment shortening involved removing portions of the speed-time
trace between two cruise speeds that were within 0.5 mph. Segment shortening was
applied for SAFD bins where the cycle overstated the frequency of operation in those
bins compared to the population SAFD.
Again using the Urban Interstate LOS C cycle as an example, it was determined that the
unedited cycle contained significantly more operation in Bin (15,0), which represents
speeds between 72.5 and 77.5 mph and accelerations less than ±0.5 mph/sec, than its
population SAFD. Thus, a 33-second portion of "cruise" speed-time trace that started at
74.97 mph and ended at 74.77 mph was removed from the cycle.
-54-
-------
By constraining the segment insertion and shortening operations to within 0.5 mph of the
speed at the insertion or deletion points, the procedure avoids changes to the speed-time
profile that alter the characteristics of any existing accelerations.
During the editing, Sierra lengthened or shortened cruise operation until an optimum
match to the speed-acceleration distribution of the target data set was achieved within the
target cycle length. This process was performed interactively within a series of separate
spreadsheets for each cycle. Logic was programmed into each spreadsheet that
dynamically kept track of the cycle's revised SAFD and compared it to its population
SAFD as the edits were being considered and iteratively applied.
Both the unedited and edited trace for each cycle developed under this effort (and
descriptions of the edits that were performed and their locations) are contained on the
final deliverables CD accompanying this report. These traces and detailed edits are
contained in a series of spreadsheets with the name CycEdt_ *.xls).
###
-55-
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5. CYCLE RESULTS
The previous section of the report documented the detailed methodologies that were
applied to develop link-level driving cycles under this study. This section of the report
presents a detailed summary of the resulting cycles and contains both key statistics and
plots of the final speed-time traces for each cycle.
5.1 Cycle Statistics
As described earlier in Section 4, the DiffSum metric was the key statistical measure used
to quantify the representativeness of a driving cycle compared to the entire driving data
set for each driving group. (DiffSum represents the sum of differences between the cycle
and the population joint speed-acceleration frequency distributions.) In addition to
DiffSum, a number of other basic statistics were also computed for each cycle.
Table 5-1 presents these statistics for each of the link-level FC driving cycles developed
under this study. For comparative purposes, the same statistics are also shown for the
two historical driving cycles currently used by EPA and CARB in emissions testing: the
LA4 driving cycle (upon which the FTP or Federal Test Procedure is based), and the
Unified Cycle (UC) or LA92 developed by CARB. These historical cycles are intended
to represent operation over all types of roadways combined, not specific facilities (or
congestion levels) like the new cycles developed under this study.
As shown in Table 5-1, the DiffSum values for the 39 FC cycles are generally much
better (lower) than that for the Unified Cycle, 0.3520. (No DiffSum is available for the
LA4 since that cycle was developed in the 1970s prior to the quantitative cycle
development methods used since the early 1990s.)
Table 5-2 presents similar statistics for the eight specialized on-ramp (OR) cycles
developed under this effort. As discussed below, two things stand out when comparing
these statistics to those for the FC cycles in Table 5-1.
First, the cycles are very short, typically one minute or less. As explained earlier the
cycle generation software tries to build an optimal set of trip segments until the target
cycle time is reached. When no other candidate segments can be grafted onto the current
segment (based on speed-matched endpoints), the software stops short of the targeted
time (ten minutes in this case) and starts building the next cycle.
-56-
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Table 5-1
Cycle Statistics Summary for Functional Class (FC) Cycles
(Final Cycles After Cruise Optimization Editing)
Driving
Cycle
FC01LOSAF
FC02LOSAC
FC02LOSDF
FC06LOSAF
FC07LOSAF
FC08LOSAF
FC09LOSAF
FC11LOSA
FC11LOSB
FC11LOSC
FC11LOSD
FC11LOSE
FC11LOSF
FC12LOSA
FC12LOSB
FC12LOSC
FC12LOSD
FC12LOSE
FC12LOSF
FC14LOSA
FC14LOSB
FC14LOSC
FC14LOSD
FC14LOSE
FC14LOSF
FC16LOSA
FC16LOSB
FC16LOSC
FC16LOSD
FC16LOSE
FC16LOSF
FC17LOSAC
FC17LOSD
FC17LOSEF
FC19LOSAC
FC19LOSDF
FC21LOSAF
FC22LOSAF
FC23LOSAF
LA4 (FTP)
UC (LA92)
No. of
Segs
6
9
7
10
4
5
12
7
7
13
13
13
12
12
10
10
13
12
11
9
14
12
14
18
22
17
16
22
15
17
12
21
18
17
27
29
10
17
9
18
15
Time
(min)
9.47
12.45
11.33
13.25
24.27
11.07
16.47
7.87
8.63
15.07
12.15
16.20
15.07
13.20
13.23
14.77
13.33
15.20
16.37
15.48
12.55
8.53
13.33
14.20
14.20
14.13
13.77
14.98
15.35
12.30
9.80
14.12
11.80
8.22
14.48
14.88
4.02
5.70
6.23
22.87
24.15
Dist.
(miles)
11.64
11.47
9.27
9.82
17.18
7.12
8.25
8.47
9.55
16.17
11.90
12.45
5.18
11.87
14.63
15.67
11.75
10.96
5.19
6.59
6.49
3.61
4.82
4.09
2.07
6.27
6.78
5.81
5.60
3.01
1.72
5.12
3.66
1.53
3.80
2.98
1.71
1.86
4.46
7.44
10.00
Speeds (mph)
Mean
73.80
55.26
49.07
44.45
42.47
38.62
30.05
64.60
66.37
64.41
58.79
46.12
20.62
53.97
66.35
63.67
52.88
43.28
19.01
25.55
31.02
25.39
21.71
17.26
8.73
26.62
29.54
23.29
21.91
14.67
10.55
21.76
18.60
11.19
15.74
12.02
25.55
19.61
42.95
19.53
24.85
Max
84.43
78.84
73.06
67.70
69.87
63.61
65.79
80.15
81.84
78.19
76.78
71.50
55.48
78.98
79.05
79.39
73.15
70.87
53.65
63.09
63.81
53.09
54.80
49.94
44.16
62.88
69.88
53.11
54.10
50.64
43.46
53.28
50.33
49.24
37.95
37.62
59.56
62.05
75.06
56.70
67.20
Min
60.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
42.33
50.28
42.53
15.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
50.07
42.84
0.00
6.73
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Mean Specific
Power (hp/lb)
0.0431
0.0452
0.0585
0.0527
0.0646
0.0725
0.0617
0.0589
0.0537
0.0513
0.0494
0.0567
0.0364
0.0491
0.0458
0.0562
0.0555
0.0605
0.0339
0.0520
0.0619
0.0626
0.0467
0.0435
0.0246
0.0528
0.0679
0.0567
0.0479
0.0451
0.0315
0.0525
0.0505
0.0391
0.0410
0.0336
0.0761
0.0491
0.0574
N/A
N/A
Total
DiffSum
0.1264
0.1593
0.2258
0.1783
0.1466
0.2111
0.1982
0.2092
0.1428
0.0990
0.1585
0.2032
0.1653
0.1870
0.1032
0.1293
0.1981
0.2300
0.1514
0.1394
0.3005
0.2991
0.1346
0.1569
0.1444
0.1702
0.2234
0.1747
0.1224
0.1764
0.1428
0.1393
0.1941
0.2342
0.1125
0.1072
0.5328
0.4144
0.3080
N/A
0.3520
-57-
-------
Table 5-2
Cycle Statistics Summary for Freeway On-Ramp (OR) Cycles
(Final Cycles After Cruise Optimization Editing)
Driving
Cycle
OR_D-D
OR_D-L
OR_D-U
OR_L-D
OR_L-L
OR_L-U
OR_MON
OR_MOF
No. of
Segs
1
2
2
1
1
1
3
1
Time
(min)
0.47
1.15
0.48
0.40
0.42
0.40
1.08
0.52
Dist.
(miles)
0.29
0.56
0.21
0.24
0.28
0.24
0.25
0.23
Speeds (mph)
Mean
37.17
29.37
26.23
36.52
39.72
36.41
13.71
27.04
Max
60.18
60.86
45.37
46.96
56.84
54.38
37.88
46.96
Min
0.00
0.00
0.00
30.08
31.08
29.18
0.00
0.00
Mean Specific
Power (hp/lb)
0.2442
0.1103
0.1342
0.1119
0.1640
0.1647
0.0442
0.1348
Total
DiffSum
1.0688
0.8692
1.1215
0.9810
1.2125
1.0110
0.8785
1.1339
For the on-ramp driving, which generally consisted of relatively uncongested, steadily
accelerating traverses, it was difficult to find and join two individual segments based on
the speed and acceleration matching criteria described earlier in Section 4. Thus, most of
the OR cycles shown in Table 5-2 consisted of a single segment. Not coincidentally, the
metered on-ramp cycle (OR_MON) contained several segments because that driving
group contained operation that generally involved stopping at the metering line (and thus
a trip segment ended). In this group, there were more "degrees of freedom" for segment
grafting to occur in the cycle building process.
Second, and partially a product of the above as well as the much more limited driving
data samples, the DiffSums presented in Table 5-2 reflect much poorer fits for the OR
cycle SAFDs to their respective driving populations that for the FC cycles. Unless more
driving data can be gathered over on-ramps and/or the cycle generation process can be
modified to address the difficulties of grafting on-ramp trip segments, ramp cycles will be
less representative than their counterparts on other types of facilities. Nevertheless, these
cycles provide EPA with a starting point for the development of a library of project-level
cycles within MOVES.
A working assumption that EPA has reflected in its current MOVES design is that a
second-by-second driving cycle (and the emissions produced by a vehicle following it)
can be well represented by a VSP bin distribution. Utilizing this assumption, an
alternative approach to the ill-fitting OR cycles would involve using the OR population
VSP bin distributions as project-level library inputs to MOVES instead of the second-by-
second OR cycle traces. In this way, the fact that the OR cycles do not closely fit their
intended population would be avoided by simply using the OR population VSP
distributions in the MOVES link-level library. Moreover, since one variation of these
driving population VSP distributions was computed in a manner that accounted for the
road grade measured during the ramp traverses, they would account for the power
demand along non-level road sections. This is an important consideration for on-ramp
driving since much of it occurs at non-level grades.
-58-
-------
5.2 Speed-Time Traces
Second-by-second speed vs. time traces for several of the "final" link-level cycles (i.e.,
after cycle editing) are plotted in Figures 5-1 through 5-20. In each of these plots, speeds
are shown using a thick blue line against the left axis; acceleration (in mph/sec) is plotted
using a thin red line against the right axis. For easier comparison, the same time scale
(zero to 1000 second) was used for each plot. For shorter or longer cycles, the different
time scale is noted on those plots. (A complete set of cycle trace plots is contained in
Appendix C.)
As shown in Figures 5-1 through 5-3, the Urban Interstate (FC11) cycles for LOS A,
LOS D, and LOS F, respectively, reflect increasing frequency of stop-and-go operation
that occurs as congestion builds on urban freeways. When uncongested, Figure 5-1
illustrates that accelerations are modest and more time is spent at cruising speeds in the
65 mph range. In sharp contrast, Figure 5-3 clearly illustrates how heavy freeway
congestion results in much stronger accelerations and decelerations over a lower, but
much wider, speed range (zero to about 55 mph).
Figures 5-4 through 5-6 and 5-7 through 5-9 present similar plots of the final driving
cycles for Urban Principal Arterial and Urban Collector roadways, respectively. (As with
Figures 5-1 through 5-3, three cycle plots are shown for each of the two roadway types,
in order of increasing congestion from LOS A to LOS F). The cycle plots shown for
these arterial and collector roadways again reflect the overall effect of reduced speeds
and more stop-and-go operation with increasing congestion. They also illustrate the
effect of signalization; in Figures 5-4 and 5-7. even lightly congested roadways with
signalization (or controlled stops) reflect frequent stops and idling.
Figures 5-10 through 5-12 plot the cycle traces for Rural Interstate, Major Arterial and
Collector driving (over all combined levels of congestion). The fact that congestion is
much less frequent and the number of controlled stops per mile (from signals or stop
signs) is much lower than in urban areas is clearly apparent from the generally higher
speeds, less frequent idling, and generally milder accelerations than exhibited by their
urban counterparts.
Finally, Figures 5-13 through 5-20 present cycle trace plots for each of the eight on-ramp
cycles. (Note the time scale is much shorter, from zero to 100 seconds, than in the
preceding plots.) One interesting and expected feature in the on-ramp cycle plots is that
the Diamond ramp cycles always show some amount of zero speed operation (either at
the start, as in Figures 5-13 and 5-1, or in the middle, as in Figure 5-14). In contrast,
none of the Loop ramp cycles represented in Figures 5-16 through 5-18 contain zero
speed operation. This stands to reason: access to Diamond ramp configurations is often
controlled from a directly upstream traffic signal; on the other hand, signals are not
immediately upstream of the entrance to Loop ramps.
-59-
-------
Figure 5-1
Urban Interstate (FC=11) LOS A Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Figure 5-2
Urban Interstate (FC=11) LOS D Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Figure 5-3
Urban Interstate (FC=11) LOS F Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Q.
E
-60-
-------
Figure 5-4
Urban Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS A Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Figure 5-5
Urban Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS D Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Figure 5-6
Urban Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS F Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Q.
E
-61-
-------
Figure 5-7
Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS A-C Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Figure 5-8
Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS D Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Figure 5-9
Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS E-F Driving Cycle
Q.
E
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
-62-
-------
Figure 5-10
Rural Interstate (FC=01) LOS A-F Driving Cycle
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Rural Major Arterial (FC=06) LOS A-F Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Figure 5-12
Rural Collector (FC=08) LOS A-F Driving Cycle
-10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
-63-
-------
Figure 5-13
Diamond, Downgrade (D-D) On-Ramp Driving Cycle
on -
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Figure 5-14
Diamond, Level Grade (D-L) On-Ramp Driving Cycle
on -
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Diamond, Upgrade (D-U) On-Ramp Driving Cycle
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a
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
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-64-
-------
Figure 5-16
Loop, Downgrade (L-D) On-Ramp Driving Cycle
on -
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& fin-
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Note: Time scale for OR cycle plots is shorter than for FC plots T ime (seconds)
Figure 5-17
Loop, Level Grade (L-L) On-Ramp Driving Cycle
on -
£ t\j
a
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Q OU
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Figure 5-18
Loop, Upgrade (L-U) On-Ramp Driving Cycle
P.O. -
& fin-
c 50 -
" /in
01 4U
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
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-65-
-------
Figure 5-19
Metered On-Ramp Driving Cycle
on -
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Figure 5-20
Non-Metered On-Ramp Driving Cycle
on -
£ t\j
a
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CO o(J
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Note: Time scale for OR cycle plots is shorter than for FC plots T ime (seconds)
Although these specialized ramp cycles may not fit their intended driving populations as
well at the FC cycles, they nevertheless preserve reasonable features.
Another example of this is seen in Figures 5-19 and 5-20, which show ramp metered and
non-metered cycles (across all shape and grade configurations), respectively. As
expected, the metered cycle exhibits significant idling and low-speed creep operation that
would not be expected to occur when the meter is off (during non-peak periods) or no
meter exists.
###
-66-
-------
6. MOVES CYCLE EMISSIONS COMPARISON
As noted earlier, the CAMP SCF Improvement research program also included an
element that consisted of modal emission measurements over a series of transient driving
cycles developed earlier in that research program. With EPA's concurrence, a
comparative analysis of MOVES emission estimates against actual emission
measurements from the CAMP testing program was performed under this study. The
purpose was to provide EPA with another source of actual emission measurements for
MOVES validation purposes. This section of the report discusses the CAMP testing data
and how they were assembled and compared to equivalent emission rate estimates
contained in MOVES.
6.1 Testing Study Data and Processing
CAMP Emission Test Data Description - The CAMP SCF Improvement emissions
testing program encompassed more than 1,450 emissions tests of 39 1992 and newer
model year passenger cars and light-duty trucks from model years 1992 through 2004
that were recruited primarily from local used car dealers. All of the vehicles accepted for
testing had reportedly passed a Smog Check test and were free from obvious emissions-
related defects. Each vehicle was tested using a series of driving cycles that were
developed under the CAMP project to represent freeway operation during varying levels
of congestion or in different speed ranges. In addition to the CAMP freeway cycles, each
vehicle was tested using the cold start Federal Test Procedure (FTP) and a hot start
version of the "LA92" or "Unified" cycle. Each vehicle was tested over a total 16 cycles,
generally with two or three "replicate" tests over each cycle.
One set of driving cycles used for this program was representative of Los Angeles
freeway operation at the "Level of Service" levels defined by the U.S. Federal Highway
Administration (LOS A through LOS F). In-road traffic monitors were used to measure
LOS levels, while chase vehicles equipped with laser range finders were used to collect
vehicle speed data9. Data collection and subsequent analysis was performed using
procedures that paralleled those used by Sierra Research under contract to EPA in
support of its speed correction cycle development.10 Note that these CAMP freeway by
LOS cycles are similar but not identical to those developed under this work assignment
* Forty-four vehicles were originally recruited for testing, but four vehicles were subsequently rejected
from the program when mechanical or emissions-related defects developed or were discovered during the
course of testing. One four-wheel-drive vehicle was rejected when it was determined that, contrary to the
owner's claims, the four-wheel-drive had no provision for disablement by the user.
-67-
-------
and discussed earlier in Sections 4 and 5. The CAMP freeway cycles were developed
only from driving data collected in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The freeway
cycles generated under this EPA work assignment were developed using driving data
from the San Francisco Bay Area, Sacramento, and Modesto/Stanislaus County, CA areas
in addition to the Los Angeles area data.
Under the earlier CAMP study, additional driving cycles were developed to represent
freeway operation stratified by speeds, defined in 10 mph increments from 10-20 mph to
70-80 mph. These "Speed Bin" freeway cycles were included in the CAMP emissions
measurement program.
Two widely used standard cycles were also included. The Federal Test Procedure, or
FTP, is used in the emissions certification procedures for light duty cars and trucks. It
has, however, been criticized as not representing current driving conditions. The
acceleration rates included in the FTP, for example, are limited to a maximum of 3.3
mph/s, corresponding to the capabilities of the belt-drive dynamometers used during in
the late 1960s and early 1970s. A vehicle would take 10 seconds to accelerate from 0 to
33 mph at this rate, a very sluggish pace.
A second widely used driving cycle, the LA92, was developed under contract to the
California Air Resources Board by Sierra Research,11 and is often included in tests
performed for emission inventory development. The LA92 includes higher average and
maximum speeds than the FTP, and acceleration rates of up to 6.7 mph/s. Finally,
emissions results were collected during steady state operation at 65 mph, using the
vehicle cruise control if available.
The FTP is a cold start test, requiring that test to be the first of any series of tests. The
order of the remaining cycles was assigned randomly, with the six LOS cycles being
performed in order of LOS A through LOS F or LOS F through LOS A. The speed bin
cycles received independent random assignment of order, progressing from lowest to
highest speed or highest to lowest speed. During the course of testing, the instrument
operator would note the cumulative emissions at the end of each cycle, and compare the
results achieved during the next test of that cycle on that vehicle. Unusually large
differences were resolved with a third test at a later time. Void tests were similarly
repeated.12
Table 6-1 summarizes key statistics for each of the 16 driving cycles over which second-
by-second modal emissions were measured in the CAMP testing program.
Limited bag sampling was performed on subsets of tests for quality control purposes. All
emission data used in this analysis were derived from continuous, time-aligned dilute
modal emissions measurements obtained with a Constant Volume Sampler and
certification grade dilute analyzers. Analyzer range selection was controlled by a host
computer, which was also used to perform time alignment, monitor ambient conditions
and vehicle speed, and log emission results.
-68-
-------
Table 6-1
Key CAMP Emission Test Cycle Statistics
Driving
Cycle
LOS A
LOSE
LOSC
LOSD
LOSE
LOSF
Spd 10-20
Spd 20-30
Spd 30-40
Spd 40-50
Spd 50-60
Spd 60-70
Spd 70-80
LA4 (FTP)
Unified (LA92)
Time
(min)
6.65
6.10
7.47
7.22
7.85
8.93
7.43
3.25
7.78
6.63
8.63
8.38
8.60
22.87
24.15
Dist.
(miles)
7.51
6.80
8.28
7.85
7.49
4.85
1.88
1.38
4.25
5.05
8.14
9.12
10.45
7.44
10.00
Speeds (mph)
Mean
67.79
66.92
66.53
65.26
57.22
32.60
15.21
25.44
32.75
45.68
56.59
65.30
72.91
19.53
24.85
Max
79.52
78.34
78.74
77.56
74.43
63.85
65.42
39.96
53.67
63.07
65.42
73.25
82.26
56.70
67.20
Min
55.62
51.71
47.79
48.18
16.06
3.92
0.00
10.97
5.09
28.60
36.04
56.02
66.59
0.00
0.00
The vehicle test fleet included only newer vehicles equipped with multipoint port fuel
injection. The final test fleet included 24 cars and 15 trucks. All vehicles were to have
recently passed a California Smog Check I/M test. Vehicle procurement was limited to
relatively high production volume models produced by GM, Ford, DaimlerChrysler,
Toyota, Nissan and Honda, and attempted to include a range of accumulated mileages,
with an objective of at least half of the test fleet with more than 75,000 miles.
The test vehicles were obtained from local car dealerships and employees and
acquaintances of Sierra Research employees. Full-time four wheel drive and traction
control equipped vehicles, which could not be tested on a two-wheel drive dynamometer,
were excluded. In addition, all vehicles were gasoline-powered. Only vehicles with
automatic transmissions were recruited.
All testing was performed with commercial California Phase II reformulated gasoline
using fuel from a single source for each vehicle. No fuel sampling or analysis was
performed.
Data Processing for MOVES Comparisons - The results of all valid tests performed in
the Caltrans program were copied into Excel spreadsheets, attempting to follow the
format required for MSOD second-by-second laboratory emissions. We intended to
submit these results to EPA for inclusion in the MSOD database, but discovered
transcription errors that would require correction before EPA could use the information.
-69-
-------
The data required to satisfy the requirements of this Work Assignment were available,
however, and were used for this analysis. (Additional resources would be required to
complete the MSOD data submission; this element was postponed to a later date with
EPA's approval.)
The basic approach in processing the second-by-second CAMP emission measurements
consisted of organizing the data in a manner in which they could be most directly or
equivalently compared to the emission rate estimates contained in MOVES. Since
MOVES estimates emissions by individual Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) bin, this first
involved computing the second-by-second emissions over each vehicle test in the CAMP
database, as explained below.
Each vehicle tested was identified with respect to VIN, Make, Model, Model Year, and
engine size. The dynamometer Equivalent Test Weight (ETW) and Actual dynamometer
Horsepower (AHP) were also recorded. This permitted the Total Road Load Horsepower
(TRLHP) to be obtained from the Sierra Look-up Tables used by Inspection/Maintenance
programs. The TRLHP value was used to estimate Road Load A, B, and C power
coefficients using the procedures described in EPA's MOVES2004 Energy and Emission
Inputs - Draft Report.13 A VSP value was then assigned to each second of vehicle
operation, accompanying the previously reported speed and THC, CO, and NOx and
emissions for that second. The speed used for the VSP calculation was the actual vehicle
speed, not the dynamometer target speed. Only running exhaust emissions were
processed: thus Bag 1 emissions from the FTP measurements in the CAMP study were
excluded.
The February 2007 MOVES Software Design and Reference Manual provides VSP/speed
bin definitions for running exhaust THC, CO, and NOx.14 These MOVES-based bins,
numbered 0 through 40, are defined in Table 6-2.
The results of each second of operation on each vehicle were assigned to a MOVES bin
in accordance with Table 6-2. A running count for occurrences in a given bin and the
sum of emissions occurring in that bin were then computed for each driving cycle. This
permitted later calculation of average emissions by bin for that driving cycle/vehicle
combination, or accumulation of counts and emissions if one wanted to combine vehicles,
driving cycles, model year, or any other stratum.
Since all tests in the CAMP program were performed in calendar year 2002 , a new
model year 2002 vehicle was assigned an age of 0, while older vehicles were assigned
ages by subtracting the vehicle's model year from 2002. The vehicle results for a given
model year/age combination were then combined for comparison with the average results
used in the MOVES model based on the age groupings employed in MOVES.
Average emissions are reported in bins ranging from number 0 to 40 (23 bins are used).
The process of placing emissions into VSP bins permitted the average emissions obtained
in specific bins using a variety of different driving cycles to be compared directly to
MOVES estimates.
-70-
-------
Table 6-2
MOVES Running Exhaust
Operating Mode Bin Definitions
Vehicle Specific Power
(VSP, kW/tonne)
Instantaneous Speed (mph)
0-25
25-50
>50
Braking - Bin 0
Idling - Bin 1
<0
0-3
3-6
6-9
9-12
>12
<6
6-12
12-18
18-24
24-30
>30
Bin 11
Bin 12
Bin 13
Bin 14
Bin 15
Bin 16
-
-
-
-
-
-
Bin 21
Bin 22
Bin 23
Bin 24
Bin 25
-
-
-
Bin 27
Bin 28
Bin 29
Bin 30
-
-
-
-
-
-
Bin 3 3
Bin 3 5
Bin 37
Bin 3 8
Bin 3 9
Bin 40
For this analysis, all of the emissions results obtained on each vehicle were combined by
summing the emissions occurring in individual bins and dividing by the number of
occurrences observed in those bins. For example, a total of 10 seconds from a given
cycle might have occurred in Bin X. The second-by-second emissions recorded for those
seconds were accumulated in corresponding emissions bins for that bin and cycle. The
average emission rate for Bin X is obtained by dividing the accumulated sum of the
second-by-second emissions observed in Bin X by 10.
Based on EPA's inherent assumption in MOVES that emission rates, once binned by
VSP/operating mode, are independent sums of all emissions in Bin X across all of the
driving cycles performed on a given vehicle were added, and then divided by the total
number of seconds included in those bins to compute an overall average emission rate for
a vehicle/bin combination.
6.2 Comparison to MOVES Estimates
After average emissions for each VSP bin were tabulated, they were compared to
MOVES VSP bin emission rates by model year, vehicle age, and vehicle type. In the
CAMP measurement program, only Passenger Car and Light Truck vehicle types (with
MOVES sourceTypelDs 21 and 31) were tested.
-71-
-------
The MOVES emission rates were based on version 20081106 of the model's underlying
database. A MySQL query was written and applied to extract specific records from the
EmissionRateByAge table within the MOVES model database for gasoline-fueled running
exhaust THC, CO and NOx emissions of passenger cars and light trucks covering the
model year and vehicle age ranges represented in the CAMP testing program.
When stratified by model year, age group and vehicle type, a total of 15 groups (9 car and
6 truck) were represented within the CAMP testing data. For each of these model
year/age/vehicle type groups, individual comparisons of measured vs. MOVES exhaust
emissions by VSP bin were performed.
Table 6-3 presents overall results of the emission rate comparisons between MOVES and
the CAMP testing data. It also lists the number of CAMP sample vehicles and second-
by-second measurements represented in each group. The MOVES and CAMP tested
rates (the latter shown in the "Meas" columns) are simple averages taken across all VSP
bins. In this overall comparison, no attempt was made to weight results by individual
VSP bin to represent overall composite in-use operation. (The "%Diff" columns
represent the relative proportion of the average CAMP-measured rates compared to
MOVES average rates for each stratum shown.)
Table 6-3
Overall Emission Comparison Between MOVES vs. CAMP Measurements by
Model Year, Age Group and Vehicle Type
ModYr/Age/
VehType
93/8-9/C
94/8-9/C
95/6-7/C
96/6-7/C
97/4-5/C
98/4-5/C
99/0-3/C
00/0-3/C
01/0-3/C
97/4-5/T
98/4-5/T
99/0-3/T
00/0-3/T
01/0-3/T
02/0-3/T
Meas.
Vehs
1
2
1
4
1
3
4
5
3
2
5
2
2
3
1
Meas.
Sees
18,507
35,176
18,885
76,892
22,610
54,501
81,042
89,033
51,391
35,662
89,610
34,496
34,077
52,310
15,556
THC (grams/hour)
MOVES
20.43
15.51
13.05
8.39
4.81
3.73
2.75
2.75
1.52
6.12
4.04
4.38
4.38
3.16
3.20
Meas
0.60
6.12
1.81
3.31
2.15
3.46
1.32
0.95
0.45
0.92
2.43
1.21
0.46
0.49
0.55
%Diff
3%
39%
14%
39%
45%
93%
48%
35%
29%
15%
60%
28%
11%
16%
17%
CO (grams/hour)
MOVES
567.6
767.5
360.9
301.6
261.9
231.6
262.2
262.2
145.3
428.6
261.2
157.7
157.7
90.8
90.8
Meas
210.7
232.5
140.7
331.5
87.1
285.5
182.3
108.1
22.9
11.4
67.0
40.9
13.5
50.7
6.9
%Diff
37%
30%
39%
110%
33%
123%
70%
41%
16%
3%
26%
26%
9%
56%
8%
NOx (grams/hour)
MOVES
78.42
72.46
66.48
44.26
39.40
22.28
19.58
19.58
6.95
40.86
32.98
29.59
29.59
14.72
13.55
Meas
9.29
4.28
36.72
10.12
19.96
4.63
10.61
2.65
2.36
10.72
14.25
7.05
2.44
2.74
1.09
%Diff
12%
6%
55%
23%
51%
21%
54%
14%
34%
26%
43%
24%
8%
19%
8%
-72-
-------
Shaded cells in Table 6-3 highlight possible anomalies in the MOVES emission rates.
First, shaded in bold italics, the CO running exhaust rate of 767.5 grams/hour for 1994
model year passenger cars at ages 8-9 in MOVES is significantly higher than that for
1993 models in the same age range (567.6 grams/hour). Although these values may
reflect results from the test data used to develop the MOVES rates, they are likely the
result of limited measurements for one of these model year/age/vehicle type strata. As
appears to have been done for other strata, EPA should combine data from both groups or
assign the same rates to both.
Second, instances where the average CAMP-measured emission rate exceeded those in
MOVES are shaded in bold. Generally speaking, the MOVES rates were higher than the
corresponding CAMP measurements. As elaborated later, this does not necessarily
indicate problems with the MOVES rates because the CAMP vehicles were not a
representative sample and were biased toward lower emission rates. Given the "cleaner"
bias of the CAMP sample, instances of higher CAMP rates were flagged in Table 6-3.
Figures 6-1 through 6-3 present more detailed comparisons by individual VSP bin for
THC, CO, and NOx, respectively, for one of the model year/age/vehicle type groups
model year 1996 passenger cars that are six to seven years old. In each of these figures,
MOVES model emission rates by bin are shown in black. Individual vehicle rates within
the model year/age/vehicle type stratum from the CAMP study are shown in different
colors; the mean rates averaged across the vehicles in the stratum are shown in blue.
As seen in each of these three figures (as well as the overall comparison in Table 6-3), the
MOVES emission rates are generally and sometimes significantly higher than those
corresponding rates measured in the CAMP testing.
Several characteristics of the CAMP test fleet make these observations direct!onally
consistent with the population used in the underlying MOVES model. As noted earlier,
all of the test vehicles in the CAMP program were in good operating condition, and had
recently passed a Smog Check test. All were normally operated in California, and can be
assumed to meet all California certification requirements. The test fuel was California
Phase II reformulated fuel. The owner demographicscar dealerships and employees of
Sierra Researchdo not represent the in-use owner population that might be expected for
vehicles of similar age.
Under the CAMP study, no attempt was made to recruit a fully representative sample of
in-use light-duty vehicles, nor to quantify the bias resulting from the recruitment process
employed. Thus, we simply note that MOVES emission rates that exceed those from the
CAMP sample do not necessarily signal a problem with MOVES.
Conversely, instances where CAMP measured rates exceed corresponding MOVES rates
may indicate under-estimated rates in MOVES. Figure 6-2 shows such an occurrence for
VSP bins in the speed ranges above 25 mph. As shown in the figure, however, when the
-73-
-------
-74-
-------
Figure 6-1
MOVES vs. CAMP Measured THC Emission Rates by VSP Bin for
Model Year 1996 Passenger Cars, Ages 6-7 Years
MOVES Emission Rate Bins
MY1996/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
CAMP tested fleet is stratified by model year, age, and vehicle type, each stratum
contains a very limited number of vehicles; one or two of the vehicles in the stratum can
significantly affect the stratum averages.
Detailed charts summarizing complete results by VSP bin for every group and pollutant
are contained in Appendix D.
A broader review of the results in Appendix D reveals that the average emission rates
incorporated in the MOVES model are generally higher than the rates observed in this
program. While specific vehicles achieved higher average emission scores, the tested
results in general averaged 25-50% of the levels used in MOVES.
-75-
-------
Figure 6-2
MOVES vs. CAMP Measured CO Emission Rates by VSP Bin for
Model Year 1996 Passenger Cars, Ages 6-7 Years
MOVES Emission Rate Bins
MY1996/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
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The expected pattern of increasing emission rates with increasing VSP is also seen. The
very newest vehicles are extremely clean, with many vehicles achieving less than 10% of
the MOVES value for all bins.
The results of this program, however, support the gathering and incorporation of
additional data in the MOVES model, particularly for the higher VSP bins. It appears as
if a relatively small sample of data was included in MOVES for some of the high power
modes. This is reflected in the consistency of the average rates reported in comparison to
the patterns observed within and between vehicles at lower power levels. It is also
corroborated by the fact that the MOVES rates are largely based on EVI240 measurements
from several I/M programs and special studies.15 (The EVI240 cycle is a subset of the
FTP and thus any operating modes in the EVI240 are also represented in the FTP.)
-76-
-------
Figure 6-3
MOVES vs. CAMP Measured NOx Emission Rates by VSP Bin for
Model Year 1996 Passenger Cars, Ages 6-7 Years
MOVES Emission Rate Bins
MY1996/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
250
200
= 150
o
s
O)
i 100
50
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
Examining the relative count frequencies in the CAMP testing program, which was
focused on relatively high power freeway vehicle operation, indicates that some of the
highest power bins include less than 0.1% of the total sample. A similar examination of
the frequency observed during the FTP, which was limited by historical driving patterns
and dynamometer design to lower VSP levels, further emphasizes the lack of
proportionate sampling of the highest power levels.
Figure 6-4 illustrates this. It plots the distribution of operation (expressed as the
percentage of total operating time) in each VSP/Speed bin from the CAMP database, first
-77-
-------
Figure 6-4
Distribution of Operating Frequencies by VSP/Speed Bin,
FTP vs. All CAMP Driving Cycles
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0 10 20 30 40
VSP/Speed Bin
for just the FTP, and then for all of the CAMP cycles tested (the freeway, Unified, and
FTP cycles). Recall from Table 6-2 that the higher power bins are those numbered in the
high 20s and 30s plus Bin 40. As clearly shown in Figure 6-4, the FTP (and IM240)
contains a negligible percentage of operation in these bins. Although the combined
CAMP cycles also reflect small operation frequency in the highest power bins (Bins 30
and 40), they contain substantially more operation in the moderately high power bins
(Bins 26-29 and 36-39) than the FTP.
It is also interesting to note an apparent NOx control strategy reflected in both the
MOVES averages and the CAMP test results. Vehicles generally increase NOx levels
with increasing VSP. Some then hold steady or drop at the highest power levels. This
effect is not observed in the THC and CO emissions. It is seen in both the truck and car
groups, in some of the MOVES reported levels, and several, but not all, of the individual
vehicle results.
-78-
-------
Given the limited number of vehicles available from the CAMP testing and resource
limitations for this task element under the study, no quantitative statistical analysis of the
significance of the emission rates differences between the CAMP measurements and
MOVES was performed. The primary purpose of this element was to assemble the data
into equivalent groups to those used in MOVES and to perform some preliminary
comparisons.
Two additional tasks are recommended for future study. First, the detailed VSP bin-level
comparisons (such as those plotted in Appendix D) should be expanded to include not
just the mean emission rates from MOVES, but also representation of the variance in
these rates. In addition to the mean rate, the EmissionRateByAge table within the
MOVES model database includes EPA's estimate of the coefficient of variation (CV),
which is the standard deviation divided by the mean, of the underlying data. It would be
useful to see whether the measured CAMP rates fall within a single standard deviation
from the mean, or reflect emissions at the tails of the assumed normally distributed
underlying MOVES measurements.
Second, to test MOVES' inherent assumption that, once binned by VSP/Speed operating
mode, emissions are independent, it is recommended that a reconstructive analysis of the
summed emissions measured over each cycle in the CAMP testing study be computed
from the average measured emission rates in each VSP bin calculated under this current
study and compared to the actual emission totals measured over each cycle.
###
-79-
-------
7. REFERENCES
1. Sierra Research, Inc., "Task Order No. 2 SCF Improvement - Field Data
Collection," prepared for California Department of Transportation, Report No.
SR02-07-04, July 18, 2002.
2. T. Carlson, et al., "Task Order No.7 SCF Improvement - Driving Data Collection,
South Coast Air Basin," prepared for California Department of Transportation,
Report No. SR02-07-05, July 31, 2002.
3. "Highway Capacity Manual - Special Report 209, Fourth Edition," Transportation
Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 1997.
4. T.C. Austin, et al., "Fleet Coverage Limitations of Remote Sensing Devices for the
Measurement of Motor Vehicle Emissions," prepared for California Air Resources
Board, December 10, 2004.
5. J. Koupal, et al., "MOVES2004 Energy and Emission Inputs Draft Report," U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA420-P-05-003, March 2005.
6. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 Through
2008," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Report No. EPA420-R-08-015,
September 2008.
7. T.R. Carlson and T.C. Austin, "Development of Speed Correction Cycles,"
prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. 68-C4-
0056 Work Assignment No. 2-01, Report No. SR97-04-01, April 30, 1997.
8. Sierra Research, Inc., "Drivecycle Testing for Caltrans/ARB Modeling Program,"
prepared for Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of
California, Davis, June 30, 1999.
9. T.R. Carlson, et al., "SCF Improvement - Supplemental Data Gathering on
Los Angeles Area Freeways (Task Order No. 8) - Draft Report," prepared for the
California Department of Transportation, June 30, 2003.
10. T.R. Carlson and T.C. Austin, "Development of Speed Correction Cycles,"
prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. 68-C4-
0056 Work Assignment No. 2-01, Report No. SR97-04-01, April 30, 1997.
-80-
-------
11. T.C. Austin, et al., "Characterization of Driving Patterns and Emissions from Light-
Duty Vehicles in California," prepared for the California Air Resources Board,
Report No. SR93-11-02, November 12, 1993.
12. F. Di Geneva, et al., "Speed Correction Factor Improvement - Vehicle Emissions
Testing - Draft Report," prepared for the California Department of Transportation,
July 8, 2002.
13. J. Koupal, et al., "MOVES2004 Energy and Emission Inputs - Draft Report,"
EPA420-P-05-003, March 2005. VSP calculation and bin assignments described in
Appendix B.
14. Cumberworth, Koupal, and Beardsley, "Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator
Highway Vehicle Implementation (MOVES-HVI) Demonstration Version.
Software Design and Reference Manual - Draft," EPA420-07-001, February 2007.
15. http://www.epa.gov/oms/models/ngm/facaldcriteriarev.pdf
-81-
-------
APPENDIX A
Driving Population SAFDs, VSP Distributions and Summary Statistics
Compensated for Road Grade
-------
California 2000 Rural Principal Arterial Interstate Driving (FC=01) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.019
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.032
5
0.001
0.006
0.019
0.048
0.087
0.059
0.032
0.031
0.006
0.001
0.291
10
0.003
0.005
0.017
0.027
0.023
0.024
0.038
0.029
0.034
0.010
0.004
0.214
15
0.006
0.019
0.019
0.014
0.020
0.066
0.040
0.032
0.048
0.008
0.001
0.274
20
0.004
0.006
0.023
0.018
0.010
0.013
0.020
0.010
0.036
0.033
0.009
0.004
0.001
0.187
25
0.003
0.004
0.008
0.024
0.018
0.023
0.038
0.022
0.038
0.014
0.009
0.005
0.001
0.207
30
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.009
0.003
0.011
0.020
0.028
0.014
0.004
0.006
0.001
0.115
35
0.003
0.008
0.011
0.004
0.005
0.003
0.040
0.027
0.010
0.005
0.006
0.121
40
0.005
0.015
0.006
0.013
0.020
0.032
0.028
0.011
0.008
0.003
0.142
S
45
0.003
0.001
0.010
0.018
0.018
0.037
0.080
0.040
0.010
0.005
0.001
0.223
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.004
0.020
0.025
0.045
0.125
0.113
0.048
0.010
0.003
0.001
0.395
N
55
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.017
0.064
0.116
0.310
0.204
0.057
0.011
0.784
60
0.001
0.005
0.003
0.025
0.068
0.292
1.884
0.469
0.085
0.013
0.003
0.001
2.849
65
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.025
0.083
0.904
6.634
1.062
0.105
0.010
0.003
0.001
0.003
8.837
70
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.005
0.023
0.098
1.773
23.003
1.948
0.129
0.019
0.006
0.001
0.001
27.016
75
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.011
0.041
0.119
2.045
28.027
2.030
0.112
0.018
0.015
0.003
0.001
32.431
80
0.001
0.003
0.001
0.004
0.005
0.024
0.094
1.383
15.593
1.303
0.084
0.009
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
18.512
85
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.011
0.031
0.579
4.915
0.504
0.015
0.005
0.003
0.001
6.072
90
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.010
0.127
0.866
0.112
0.004
1.124
95
0.014
0.140
0.006
0.161
100
0.001
0.005
0.005
0.001
0.013
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.017
0.054
0.117
0.317
0.718
7.444
81.828
8.099
0.932
0.311
0.099
0.040
0.005
0.006
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
72.84
0.00
104.72
72.87
73.41
0.34
8.37
-0.34
-15.94
0.181
0.297
0.133
0.084
0.088
0.080
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.032
82.793
8.825
8.350
21.742
17.909
0.003
78,441
73
Power)
17.267
0.776
0.040
0.092
0.052
0.043
0.059
0.091
0.000
0.179
0.120
0.061
0.029
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
49.63
0.0462
0.0922
2.3605
49.89
32.48
12.04
3.61
1.98
5.014
13.002
0.000
33.777
29.689
11.616
4.498
A-l
-------
California 2000 Rural Other Principal Arterial LOS A-C Driving (FC=02) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.003
2.632
0.059
0.024
0.018
2.735
5
0.021
0.103
0.226
0.412
0.326
0.247
0.203
0.300
0.126
0.009
0.006
0.006
1.985
10
0.003
0.012
0.053
0.121
0.147
0.123
0.047
0.032
0.029
0.059
0.156
0.179
0.065
0.009
0.003
0.003
1.041
15
0.050
0.103
0.109
0.103
0.068
0.032
0.041
0.053
0.076
0.212
0.150
0.062
0.015
1.073
20
0.003
0.006
0.059
0.091
0.171
0.082
0.062
0.050
0.050
0.094
0.082
0.215
0.162
0.047
0.006
1.179
25
0.012
0.050
0.126
0.135
0.109
0.071
0.076
0.068
0.085
0.191
0.215
0.132
0.038
0.006
1.314
30
0.003
0.012
0.044
0.112
0.132
0.153
0.097
0.085
0.088
0.168
0.276
0.185
0.094
0.041
1.491
35
0.003
0.003
0.012
0.021
0.076
0.156
0.215
0.129
0.135
0.221
0.306
0.379
0.135
0.062
0.018
1.870
40
0.003
0.006
0.003
0.021
0.047
0.121
0.168
0.229
0.368
1.385
0.676
0.262
0.106
0.050
0.012
3.455
S
45
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.024
0.076
0.115
0.221
0.823
1.991
0.982
0.191
0.085
0.018
0.009
0.003
4.561
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.003
0.006
0.018
0.044
0.091
0.176
0.850
3.134
0.917
0.262
0.068
0.012
0.003
0.003
5.587
N
55
0.003
0.018
0.018
0.068
0.171
1.276
7.389
1.550
0.265
0.059
0.009
10.824
60
0.009
0.009
0.035
0.097
2.026
20.015
2.141
0.171
0.044
0.006
24.552
65
0.003
0.021
0.009
0.059
1.429
18.292
1.517
0.094
0.024
0.003
21 .450
70
0.006
0.035
0.809
8.507
0.832
0.041
0.012
0.006
0.003
10.250
75
0.009
0.006
0.447
4.631
0.303
0.038
0.003
0.003
5.440
80
0.118
0.767
0.074
0.018
0.976
85
0.003
0.029
0.088
0.024
0.003
0.147
90
0.015
0.009
0.012
0.035
95
0.009
0.006
0.015
0.029
100
0.003
0.003
0.006
TOTALS
0.003
0.009
0.015
0.056
0.276
0.679
1.132
1.411
1.782
9.033
69.676
10.083
2.635
1.817
1.017
0.312
0.044
0.012
0.003
0.006
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
55.04
0.00
98.36
56.59
59.29
0.63
9.33
-0.68
-13.87
0.856
0.797
0.546
0.437
0.449
0.847
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.735
76.306
10.721
10.239
4.333
4.724
0.092
34,009
120
Power)
9.928
4.420
2.995
1.992
1.316
1.824
1.871
1.440
0.000
2.254
0.941
0.387
0.404
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
14.82
0.0523
0.1056
2.1165
50.50
31.47
10.58
4.16
3.31
9.752
28.151
0.000
26.702
8.575
2.086
0.959
A-2
-------
California 2000 Rural Other Principal Arterial LOS D-F Driving (FC=02) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
4.842
0.068
0.014
4.924
5
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.027
0.136
0.218
0.477
0.518
0.409
0.177
0.218
0.136
0.068
0.014
2.441
10
0.014
0.041
0.014
0.027
0.136
0.041
0.109
0.095
0.068
0.041
0.123
0.095
0.041
0.014
0.859
15
0.014
0.014
0.055
0.055
0.095
0.136
0.055
0.109
0.041
0.123
0.218
0.109
0.027
1.050
20
0.014
0.014
0.041
0.123
0.055
0.150
0.109
0.314
0.191
0.191
0.218
0.218
0.164
0.027
1.828
25
0.014
0.027
0.095
0.109
0.082
0.259
0.232
0.164
0.164
0.396
0.191
0.150
0.014
0.014
1.909
30
0.041
0.095
0.109
0.164
0.177
0.355
0.532
0.600
0.559
0.150
0.055
2.837
35
0.041
0.027
0.082
0.136
0.423
0.709
1.214
1.091
0.436
0.123
0.041
4.324
40
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.068
0.232
0.232
1.091
2.605
1.391
0.436
0.095
6.206
S
45
0.014
0.027
0.055
0.041
0.136
0.355
0.941
2.946
1.637
0.341
0.095
0.014
0.014
6.615
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.041
0.068
0.150
0.327
1.828
4.733
2.973
0.259
0.068
0.014
10.461
N
55
0.027
0.082
0.382
2.400
10.543
3.505
0.245
0.041
0.014
17.239
60
0.082
0.082
2.728
13.148
2.810
0.055
0.041
0.014
18.958
65
0.014
0.027
0.041
1.091
9.547
1.227
0.123
0.027
0.014
0.014
12.125
70
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.559
5.619
0.627
0.055
0.014
6.915
75
0.014
0.041
0.123
0.873
0.123
0.014
0.027
1.214
80
0.041
0.014
0.014
0.068
85
0.014
0.014
0.027
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.041
0.041
0.136
0.218
0.532
0.655
1.623
2.878
13.025
57.692
16.939
3.492
1.664
0.791
0.177
0.027
0.055
0.014
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
48.77
0.00
83.00
51.29
52.99
0.71
7.54
-0.79
-9.18
1.301
1.260
0.562
0.616
0.603
0.726
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.924
73.432
11.007
10.638
3.104
3.819
0.161
7,332
32
Power)
8.754
4.247
5.480
3.973
2.027
2.836
2.959
3.069
0.000
5.096
1.808
0.877
0.219
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
15.22
0.0664
0.1280
1.9395
48.12
27.33
13.53
6.21
4.81
11.795
19.795
0.000
21.466
6.562
1.685
1.041
A-3
-------
California 2000 Rural Minor Arterial Driving (FC=06) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.005
0.005
4.013
0.102
0.049
0.015
4.187
5
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.155
0.383
0.742
1.538
0.684
0.514
0.374
0.359
0.092
0.039
0.005
0.005
4.915
10
0.010
0.015
0.058
0.165
0.262
0.204
0.184
0.286
0.126
0.136
0.233
0.209
0.189
0.049
0.015
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.010
2.164
15
0.005
0.005
0.029
0.112
0.194
0.238
0.170
0.165
0.272
0.146
0.189
0.286
0.272
0.102
0.019
0.024
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.005
2.251
20
0.005
0.044
0.131
0.204
0.277
0.141
0.170
0.286
0.204
0.233
0.335
0.281
0.087
0.029
0.010
0.005
2.441
25
0.005
0.015
0.034
0.126
0.272
0.286
0.170
0.204
0.374
0.281
0.320
0.354
0.218
0.063
0.005
0.005
2.732
30
0.005
0.005
0.044
0.131
0.233
0.277
0.218
0.335
1.038
0.529
0.446
0.374
0.150
0.053
0.010
0.005
3.853
35
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.082
0.184
0.388
0.257
0.485
1.480
0.631
0.524
0.238
0.102
0.024
0.005
0.005
4.440
40
0.015
0.005
0.039
0.126
0.277
0.349
0.805
1.917
1.077
0.577
0.180
0.087
0.010
0.005
5.468
S
45
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.073
0.238
0.403
1.645
2.586
1.727
0.500
0.087
0.024
0.005
7.312
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.029
0.180
0.359
1.980
5.464
2.518
0.330
0.053
0.015
0.010
10.966
N
55
0.005
0.015
0.102
0.194
2.038
14.392
2.130
0.155
0.029
0.005
0.005
19.069
60
0.005
0.005
0.019
0.121
1.203
20.278
1.359
0.029
23.019
65
0.005
0.388
5.769
0.359
0.010
6.531
70
0.005
0.044
0.442
0.049
0.010
0.548
75
0.010
0.005
0.053
0.019
0.087
80
0.005
0.010
0.015
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.010
0.044
0.058
0.209
0.713
1.514
2.703
2.984
10.398
60.197
11.941
4.023
2.557
1.723
0.626
0.170
0.068
0.019
0.005
0.019
0.010
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
44.55
0.00
78.32
46.50
50.29
0.87
12.20
-0.87
-9.12
2.235
2.630
1.037
0.906
0.804
1.631
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.188
74.992
10.952
9.870
3.446
4.642
0.149
20,609
74
Power)
6.775
6.725
5.050
5.469
2.761
2.727
2.868
2.581
0.000
3.779
2.245
0.794
0.463
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
16.34
0.0587
0.1177
1.2703
50.17
28.43
11.34
5.35
4.70
11.702
24.222
0.000
14.819
3.287
0.813
0.453
A-4
-------
California 2000 Rural Major Collector Driving (FC=07) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.001
0.001
0.001
2.650
0.068
0.020
0.009
0.001
0.001
2.753
5
0.001
0.009
0.053
0.226
0.417
0.757
1.120
0.554
0.489
0.488
0.304
0.064
0.010
0.007
0.004
4.502
10
0.005
0.004
0.016
0.103
0.321
0.361
0.262
0.173
0.207
0.155
0.189
0.373
0.386
0.166
0.043
0.007
0.007
0.001
0.001
2.779
15
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.074
0.232
0.338
0.270
0.199
0.209
0.215
0.262
0.349
0.502
0.385
0.123
0.038
0.014
0.001
0.001
3.229
20
0.004
0.004
0.023
0.113
0.223
0.371
0.355
0.190
0.128
0.231
0.284
0.339
0.579
0.456
0.074
0.023
0.003
3.401
25
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.034
0.090
0.274
0.421
0.293
0.215
0.197
0.596
0.447
0.469
0.618
0.355
0.056
0.010
0.003
0.001
4.088
30
0.001
0.001
0.036
0.061
0.244
0.403
0.295
0.275
0.283
0.923
0.597
0.654
0.632
0.215
0.020
0.010
4.651
35
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.007
0.013
0.055
0.158
0.362
0.382
0.374
0.416
1.161
0.983
0.965
0.437
0.089
0.014
0.003
5.424
40
0.003
0.017
0.040
0.109
0.278
0.431
0.458
0.693
1.861
1.710
0.989
0.241
0.030
0.007
0.003
6.871
S
45
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.005
0.008
0.027
0.051
0.203
0.370
0.546
1.290
3.651
2.496
0.714
0.085
0.007
0.003
0.003
0.001
9.467
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.001
0.009
0.004
0.031
0.109
0.228
0.503
1.988
7.809
3.006
0.353
0.035
0.005
0.003
14.087
N
55
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.008
0.014
0.042
0.125
0.296
1.927
12.001
2.312
0.126
0.021
0.005
0.001
16.885
60
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.013
0.047
0.139
1.126
12.055
1.130
0.035
0.004
0.001
14.568
65
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.009
0.023
0.345
5.191
0.322
0.007
5.907
70
0.003
0.012
0.090
0.940
0.082
0.004
1.130
75
0.027
0.164
0.025
0.001
0.218
80
0.005
0.030
0.005
0.040
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.004
0.012
0.038
0.162
0.494
1.461
2.922
3.396
3.912
9.656
50.805
14.439
5.704
4.023
2.238
0.531
0.143
0.034
0.013
0.001
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
42.85
0.00
81.81
44.07
49.18
1.02
10.19
-1.24
-13.80
2.138
2.651
1.508
1.342
1.221
2.186
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.753
69.023
14.222
14.002
2.836
3.971
0.189
76,717
322
Power)
5.918
10.430
3.214
4.366
3.037
3.885
4.169
3.676
0.000
5.587
3.286
1.064
0.264
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
15.95
0.0670
0.1273
1.4592
47.38
28.04
12.49
6.47
5.61
9.867
20.367
0.000
12.801
2.351
0.424
0.169
A-5
-------
California 2000 Rural Minor Collector Driving (FC=08) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.003
0.005
2.265
0.107
0.059
0.041
0.013
0.003
0.003
2.498
5
0.003
0.010
0.059
0.260
0.485
0.824
0.906
0.645
0.653
0.681
0.253
0.077
0.010
0.003
0.003
4.870
10
0.005
0.003
0.026
0.128
0.344
0.454
0.360
0.168
0.181
0.181
0.278
0.569
0.475
0.191
0.046
0.008
0.005
0.003
0.003
3.426
15
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.099
0.283
0.472
0.365
0.258
0.232
0.237
0.286
0.370
0.671
0.472
0.151
0.043
0.005
0.005
3.965
20
0.008
0.023
0.115
0.276
0.490
0.513
0.301
0.270
0.342
0.408
0.556
0.765
0.526
0.079
0.018
0.008
4.697
25
0.003
0.003
0.013
0.033
0.084
0.291
0.546
0.546
0.367
0.441
1.074
0.730
0.740
0.783
0.431
0.054
0.015
6.154
30
0.003
0.005
0.013
0.102
0.296
0.513
0.459
0.426
0.661
1.916
0.947
0.941
0.735
0.237
0.038
0.005
0.003
7.299
35
0.005
0.008
0.018
0.077
0.217
0.452
0.531
0.436
0.770
2.271
1.309
1.143
0.549
0.079
0.023
0.005
0.003
7.893
40
0.003
0.005
0.015
0.033
0.102
0.355
0.485
0.648
1.199
3.100
1.949
1.105
0.227
0.033
0.015
9.274
45
0.008
0.031
0.074
0.163
0.406
0.661
1.595
4.832
2.602
0.755
0.099
0.020
0.005
0.003
11.253
50
0.005
0.003
0.010
0.028
0.077
0.242
0.482
1.990
6.677
2.531
0.337
0.043
0.005
0.003
12.432
55
0.003
0.003
0.020
0.036
0.122
0.327
1.561
10.526
1.717
0.094
0.028
0.010
14.448
60
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.028
0.143
0.645
6.314
0.625
0.048
0.018
0.003
7.837
65
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.026
0.245
2.021
0.189
0.026
0.018
0.003
2.541
70
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.010
0.110
0.497
0.128
0.010
0.005
0.773
75
0.003
0.003
0.031
0.036
0.242
0.066
0.003
0.010
0.003
0.395
80
0.015
0.048
0.133
0.041
0.005
0.242
85
0.003
0.003
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.023
0.043
0.130
0.584
1.732
3.523
4.424
4.977
10.802
43.536
14.460
7.123
5.243
2.559
0.638
0.148
0.028
0.015
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
38.90
0.00
82.79
39.90
45.29
1.18
11.52
-1.44
-12.17
2.642
2.747
1.954
1.756
1.779
2.680
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.498
64.288
16.690
16.524
1.729
2.667
0.290
39,197
245
Power)
4.757
12.847
3.124
6.475
5.204
5.604
5.153
4.282
0.000
6.583
3.692
0.991
0.349
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
11.61
0.0725
0.1390
1.5754
47.80
25.72
12.72
7.53
6.22
7.283
14.405
0.000
7.995
1.641
0.454
0.362
A-6
-------
California 2000 Rural Local Driving (FC=09) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.008
2.972
0.172
0.281
0.226
0.031
0.008
0.016
3.713
5
0.023
0.078
0.608
1.092
1.420
1.841
1.451
1.958
1.264
0.335
0.047
0.008
0.008
10.133
10
0.008
0.016
0.023
0.101
0.624
1.108
0.593
0.413
0.523
1.256
1.349
1.076
0.452
0.125
0.016
0.016
7.699
15
0.016
0.047
0.218
0.881
0.835
0.671
0.608
0.827
1.404
1.716
0.967
0.328
0.101
0.047
0.008
8.674
20
0.008
0.023
0.086
0.296
0.515
0.897
1.076
0.866
2.691
1.973
1.076
0.616
0.382
0.117
0.016
10.640
25
0.008
0.031
0.070
0.164
0.320
0.515
0.655
1.100
3.853
1.630
0.523
0.429
0.281
0.055
0.008
9.641
30
0.031
0.055
0.101
0.234
0.320
0.273
0.780
1.919
0.983
0.569
0.390
0.226
0.008
0.008
5.897
35
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.031
0.070
0.242
0.304
0.265
0.507
1.225
0.819
0.764
0.218
0.125
0.023
4.626
40
0.008
0.023
0.047
0.164
0.335
0.312
0.733
1.498
1.591
0.741
0.187
0.070
0.008
0.008
5.725
S
45
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.109
0.242
0.445
1.045
2.878
2.410
0.312
0.109
0.055
7.637
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.008
0.039
0.117
0.289
1.170
6.513
1.934
0.164
0.055
10.289
N
55
0.008
0.016
0.070
0.086
0.655
7.246
1.232
0.086
0.031
9.431
60
0.023
0.039
0.296
3.471
0.546
0.039
4.415
65
0.008
0.031
0.062
0.647
0.164
0.016
0.928
70
0.008
0.008
0.094
0.164
0.094
0.016
0.382
75
0.023
0.133
0.016
0.172
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.031
0.148
0.343
1.045
3.222
5.382
5.842
9.774
38.401
17.676
9.610
5.569
2.285
0.491
0.125
0.031
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
30.10
0.00
74.46
31.26
36.63
1.24
7.18
-1.49
-12.02
7.130
9.546
7.106
4.539
2.028
2.115
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.713
61.412
18.370
16.506
0.544
1.085
0.718
12,820
197
Power)
3.803
12.881
4.072
5.744
4.080
4.191
4.246
3.462
0.000
4.912
2.274
0.808
0.452
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.16
0.0639
0.1179
1.0580
45.80
30.15
13.75
6.10
4.20
4.531
9.277
0.000
4.880
1.244
0.261
0.222
A-7
-------
California 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS A Driving (FC=11) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.395
0.018
0.006
0.002
0.420
5
0.010
0.024
0.060
0.192
0.301
0.202
0.083
0.060
0.020
0.010
0.002
0.002
0.966
10
0.008
0.022
0.044
0.028
0.117
0.165
0.103
0.060
0.024
0.018
0.014
0.002
0.002
0.605
15
0.006
0.014
0.028
0.046
0.046
0.117
0.155
0.125
0.085
0.036
0.024
0.002
0.682
20
0.002
0.004
0.012
0.024
0.056
0.052
0.099
0.135
0.117
0.069
0.060
0.014
0.002
0.645
25
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.024
0.063
0.089
0.103
0.155
0.159
0.121
0.065
0.010
0.002
0.805
30
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.050
0.089
0.190
0.391
0.258
0.137
0.058
0.008
0.002
1.212
35
0.002
0.006
0.022
0.044
0.107
0.163
0.230
0.240
0.121
0.077
0.004
0.002
1.017
40
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.044
0.050
0.091
0.202
0.206
0.294
0.117
0.069
0.002
1.085
S
45
0.002
0.008
0.032
0.050
0.133
0.367
0.690
0.569
0.202
0.042
0.002
0.002
0.002
2.100
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.030
0.077
0.194
0.706
1.771
1.275
0.254
0.020
0.004
4.340
N
55
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.075
0.234
1.287
5.218
1.880
0.272
0.022
0.006
0.002
9.028
60
0.002
0.002
0.014
0.067
0.216
2.172
10.692
2.612
0.226
0.022
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.002
16.042
65
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.014
0.042
0.184
2.392
16.067
2.896
0.161
0.014
0.012
0.008
0.002
21.799
70
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.008
0.022
0.123
2.198
18.291
2.158
0.077
0.012
0.006
0.002
22.902
75
0.004
0.004
0.022
0.048
1.144
10.395
1.170
0.054
0.014
0.002
0.004
0.004
12.864
80
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.016
0.335
2.309
0.256
0.010
0.002
0.002
2.941
85
0.002
0.002
0.050
0.405
0.030
0.002
0.002
0.492
90
0.010
0.044
0.054
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.010
0.032
0.091
0.313
0.734
1.712
11.845
68.014
14.362
2.055
0.597
0.137
0.054
0.012
0.010
0.006
0.002
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
62.08
0.00
90.33
62.34
62.83
0.50
8.62
-0.52
-10.73
0.803
0.939
0.372
0.246
0.144
0.138
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.421
76.386
11.986
11.208
2.389
2.309
0.027
50,419
364
Power)
12.608
1.848
0.565
1.508
0.663
0.685
0.797
0.715
0.000
1.237
0.647
0.298
0.138
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
8.17
0.0590
0.1135
2.0029
48.06
28.31
14.69
5.73
3.21
12.796
21.197
0.000
28.433
18.020
6.015
1.796
A-8
-------
California 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS B Driving (FC=11) SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.262
0.006
0.268
5
0.006
0.029
0.063
0.063
0.040
0.017
0.011
0.006
0.234
10
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.006
0.006
0.046
15
0.006
0.029
0.017
0.040
0.029
0.011
0.011
0.143
20
0.006
0.006
0.051
0.029
0.057
0.029
0.011
0.006
0.194
25
0.006
0.011
0.051
0.017
0.006
0.029
0.120
30
0.006
0.046
0.074
0.057
0.017
0.029
0.011
0.240
35
0.006
0.017
0.046
0.063
0.029
0.029
0.023
0.017
0.006
0.234
40
0.011
0.034
0.034
0.114
0.114
0.103
0.046
0.017
0.017
0.490
S
45
0.023
0.034
0.091
0.217
0.599
0.257
0.080
0.023
0.006
0.006
1.335
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.063
0.097
0.525
1.819
0.616
0.103
0.017
0.006
3.245
N
55
0.011
0.017
0.011
0.040
0.108
1.283
6.023
1.392
0.137
0.023
0.006
9.051
60
0.006
0.023
0.040
0.188
1.979
11.093
2.201
0.165
0.006
0.006
15.707
65
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.040
0.245
2.777
19.676
3.097
0.097
0.006
0.006
0.006
25.967
70
0.017
0.017
0.171
3.000
20.646
2.886
0.080
0.006
26.822
75
0.011
0.029
0.034
1.546
10.363
1.009
0.046
0.006
13.043
80
0.006
0.023
0.405
1.871
0.314
2.618
85
0.051
0.154
0.040
0.245
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.023
0.023
0.120
0.365
1.255
12.171
72.870
12.068
0.873
0.154
0.046
0.029
0.006
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
64.81
0.00
86.47
64.99
64.91
0.40
5.78
-0.44
-6.34
0.258
0.121
0.075
0.034
0.034
0.000
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.268
77.535
10.654
11.543
2.721
2.519
0.010
17,534
116
Power)
12.316
0.959
0.327
0.867
0.322
0.310
0.339
0.373
0.000
0.500
0.276
0.155
0.052
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.12
0.0471
0.0963
1.5836
51.05
30.59
11.69
4.49
2.18
17.097
25.083
0.000
28.895
16.644
5.655
1.625
A-9
-------
California 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS C Driving (FC=11) SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.004
0.074
0.007
0.085
5
0.004
0.004
0.022
0.067
0.081
0.044
0.015
0.007
0.004
0.007
0.255
10
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.019
0.004
0.011
0.004
0.022
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.089
15
0.007
0.004
0.015
0.007
0.022
0.052
0.011
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.130
20
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.011
0.019
0.067
0.007
0.007
0.130
25
0.007
0.007
0.019
0.011
0.063
0.126
0.030
0.026
0.007
0.004
0.300
30
0.011
0.019
0.019
0.048
0.070
0.067
0.052
0.007
0.007
0.004
0.304
35
0.007
0.030
0.019
0.056
0.100
0.107
0.048
0.015
0.011
0.004
0.396
40
0.007
0.022
0.030
0.078
0.141
0.348
0.107
0.030
0.022
0.785
S
45
0.004
0.007
0.026
0.052
0.096
0.285
0.485
0.211
0.089
0.011
0.004
1.270
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.004
0.007
0.030
0.048
0.137
0.881
2.407
0.977
0.096
0.026
0.004
0.004
0.004
4.625
N
55
0.007
0.004
0.015
0.063
0.326
1.766
6.946
2.473
0.133
0.041
0.011
0.007
0.004
0.007
11.804
60
0.007
0.011
0.015
0.081
0.307
2.355
11.152
2.881
0.185
0.041
0.007
0.004
0.004
17.051
65
0.011
0.033
0.059
0.230
2.625
15.755
2.747
0.200
0.044
0.007
0.011
21.723
70
0.015
0.033
0.056
0.118
2.651
23.767
2.540
0.122
0.041
0.004
29.347
75
0.011
0.007
0.026
0.037
1.052
8.412
0.789
0.007
0.011
0.015
0.011
0.004
10.382
80
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.015
0.126
0.915
0.093
0.022
0.007
0.007
1.203
85
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.037
0.037
0.015
0.011
0.111
90
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.011
95
100
TOTALS
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.022
0.122
0.259
0.518
1.507
12.274
70.805
13.059
0.974
0.289
0.067
0.041
0.030
0.015
0.004
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
63.76
0.00
91.73
63.81
63.77
0.42
7.51
-0.48
-8.65
0.213
0.276
0.049
0.026
0.019
0.015
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.085
78.140
10.486
11.289
2.071
1.949
0.011
27,008
231
Power)
12.580
1.430
0.134
0.945
0.556
0.549
0.497
0.444
0.000
0.616
0.172
0.097
0.056
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.41
0.0549
0.1076
2.3457
49.03
30.11
13.23
4.83
2.81
14.602
22.516
0.000
32.920
17.186
4.665
2.017
A-10
-------
California 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS D Driving (FC=11) SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.862
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.891
5
0.005
0.005
0.044
0.098
0.231
0.276
0.177
0.094
0.059
0.020
0.020
0.015
1.044
10
0.005
0.030
0.054
0.094
0.084
0.158
0.158
0.079
0.054
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.734
15
0.005
0.020
0.025
0.049
0.118
0.202
0.359
0.222
0.217
0.039
0.005
0.010
1.270
20
0.015
0.025
0.054
0.143
0.286
0.522
0.241
0.148
0.010
0.005
0.010
1.457
25
0.039
0.039
0.079
0.310
0.542
0.369
0.084
0.015
0.010
1.487
30
0.020
0.044
0.123
0.369
0.596
0.443
0.128
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.005
1.763
35
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.034
0.054
0.133
0.374
0.369
0.551
0.148
0.025
0.015
0.010
0.005
1.733
40
0.015
0.005
0.010
0.025
0.059
0.177
0.487
1.039
0.753
0.143
0.034
0.015
2.762
45
0.005
0.084
0.212
0.724
2.782
1.157
0.202
0.039
0.005
5.209
50
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.030
0.182
1.068
4.003
1.645
0.310
0.034
0.010
0.005
7.307
55
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.044
0.162
1.162
5.372
1.940
0.231
0.034
0.005
0.005
8.986
60
0.020
0.005
0.054
0.172
1.551
9.700
2.334
0.231
0.015
0.005
0.010
0.005
14.101
65
0.005
0.010
0.020
0.015
0.187
3.087
22.590
3.806
0.192
0.030
0.010
0.005
29.956
70
0.039
0.118
1.364
14.077
1.379
0.074
0.020
0.005
17.075
75
0.005
0.010
0.030
0.369
3.245
0.305
0.020
0.010
0.005
3.998
80
0.005
0.005
0.044
0.153
0.020
0.226
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.025
0.030
0.098
0.241
0.679
2.033
11.713
66.642
15.515
2.309
0.433
0.103
0.079
0.064
0.005
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
57.18
0.00
80.82
57.70
57.79
0.51
7.83
-0.53
-10.94
1.554
1.459
0.759
0.475
0.160
0.060
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.891
78.735
10.832
9.542
1.101
1.155
0.056
20,310
293
Power)
11.081
1.744
1.139
3.027
1.868
2.253
2.268
1.923
0.000
2.518
0.645
0.250
0.140
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.02
0.0579
0.1095
2.0615
47.10
29.90
14.71
5.51
2.78
11.260
21.207
0.000
26.722
13.698
3.687
1.184
A-ll
-------
California 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS E Driving (FC=11) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.005
0.175
0.026
0.206
5
0.026
0.087
0.154
0.401
0.879
0.586
0.190
0.067
0.021
0.015
0.005
0.005
2.437
10
0.010
0.031
0.087
0.247
0.648
1.219
0.812
0.314
0.067
0.026
0.005
0.005
3.471
15
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.062
0.113
0.386
1.085
1.959
1.095
0.442
0.113
0.005
0.010
5.286
20
0.005
0.010
0.026
0.051
0.113
0.401
1.028
2.062
0.998
0.375
0.087
0.021
0.005
0.005
5.188
25
0.021
0.015
0.062
0.093
0.273
1.044
1.897
1.111
0.324
0.036
0.026
4.900
30
0.005
0.015
0.036
0.067
0.314
0.638
1.543
1.070
0.293
0.031
0.026
0.005
4.042
35
0.010
0.021
0.077
0.201
0.761
1.687
1.275
0.309
0.051
0.010
0.010
0.005
4.417
40
0.005
0.005
0.015
0.015
0.067
0.129
0.540
1.136
1.003
0.375
0.041
0.005
3.337
S
45
0.010
0.021
0.026
0.062
0.093
0.463
1.471
1.142
0.262
0.067
0.026
0.005
3.646
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.026
0.077
0.216
0.802
2.648
2.000
0.309
0.036
0.036
0.005
6.186
N
55
0.005
0.005
0.046
0.077
0.406
2.103
9.564
3.574
0.432
0.021
0.010
0.010
16.254
60
0.005
0.015
0.026
0.087
0.314
2.751
16.440
3.949
0.278
0.010
23.875
65
0.005
0.005
0.026
0.093
0.159
1.738
10.819
1.815
0.098
0.031
14.789
70
0.010
0.041
0.062
0.293
0.931
0.144
0.026
1.507
75
0.005
0.015
0.046
0.324
0.041
0.432
80
0.026
0.026
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.021
0.072
0.154
0.463
1.147
3.368
14.347
54.780
20.641
4.026
0.658
0.211
0.046
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.005
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
46.61
0.00
78.10
46.70
46.29
0.65
17.70
-0.71
-17.33
5.738
7.121
3.020
1.335
0.454
0.203
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.206
78.783
10.943
10.068
0.909
1.170
0.064
19,447
277
Power)
8.293
3.026
0.386
4.079
2.645
3.088
2.791
2.358
0.000
2.671
0.913
0.224
0.167
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.42
0.0630
0.1152
3.1331
45.27
29.59
15.90
6.22
3.02
10.480
18.284
0.000
19.160
8.618
2.347
0.892
A-12
-------
California 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS F Driving (FC=11) SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.007
0.011
2.467
0.092
0.007
0.002
2.585
5
0.009
0.007
0.063
0.186
0.787
3.153
7.437
3.851
1.061
0.321
0.070
0.020
0.024
0.007
16.996
10
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.011
0.046
0.074
0.286
0.894
2.644
5.581
2.965
0.969
0.300
0.083
0.026
0.022
0.002
0.002
13.912
15
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.022
0.048
0.103
0.247
0.862
2.266
4.645
2.583
1.091
0.245
0.074
0.022
0.011
0.004
0.007
0.002
12.246
20
0.002
0.004
0.011
0.015
0.046
0.092
0.212
0.783
2.036
3.969
2.644
0.905
0.203
0.052
0.017
0.011
0.002
11.006
25
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.009
0.033
0.039
0.103
0.232
0.612
2.018
4.085
2.690
0.770
0.122
0.035
0.011
0.007
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
10.783
30
0.002
0.011
0.007
0.015
0.044
0.061
0.164
0.553
1.513
3.464
2.311
0.595
0.101
0.015
0.011
0.002
0.002
8.872
35
0.002
0.002
0.009
0.007
0.028
0.050
0.142
0.381
1.211
2.528
1.962
0.400
0.066
0.033
0.015
0.002
6.838
40
0.002
0.002
0.007
0.013
0.017
0.046
0.125
0.289
0.800
2.106
1.612
0.230
0.037
0.017
0.007
0.002
0.002
5.314
S
45
0.004
0.007
0.013
0.031
0.090
0.227
0.573
1.975
1.292
0.129
0.024
0.007
0.011
4.382
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.017
0.022
0.048
0.133
0.553
1.784
1.058
0.092
0.011
0.002
0.004
3.735
N
55
0.002
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.013
0.046
0.079
0.286
1.032
0.485
0.046
0.002
2.005
60
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.026
0.037
0.140
0.450
0.188
0.013
0.868
65
0.002
0.009
0.024
0.083
0.227
0.052
0.398
70
0.028
0.024
0.007
0.059
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.022
0.037
0.063
0.136
0.313
0.663
1.813
5.668
17.317
41.774
23.792
6.307
1.432
0.389
0.144
0.081
0.017
0.013
0.007
0.002
0.004
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
21.74
0.00
70.60
22.32
22.40
0.86
13.48
-0.95
-13.28
17.354
24.712
8.049
3.175
1.042
0.533
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.585
79.816
8.636
8.964
1.866
5.150
0.829
45,729
148
Power)
2.167
5.116
4.458
7.031
4.958
5.524
4.949
3.659
0.000
3.565
0.663
0.182
0.138
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
12.45
0.0403
0.0754
1.7808
46.54
38.61
10.68
3.09
1.07
1.382
1.560
0.000
1.229
0.570
0.108
0.042
A-13
-------
California 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS A Driving (FC=12) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.001
5.566
0.060
0.008
0.002
0.002
5.640
5
0.001
0.005
0.017
0.077
0.246
0.650
1.540
0.547
0.220
0.187
0.120
0.032
0.009
0.005
0.001
3.657
10
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.008
0.022
0.079
0.134
0.109
0.150
0.157
0.106
0.061
0.074
0.092
0.063
0.017
0.007
0.001
0.001
1.086
15
0.003
0.002
0.011
0.040
0.102
0.094
0.102
0.085
0.090
0.124
0.081
0.116
0.098
0.037
0.014
0.002
0.001
0.001
1.004
20
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.006
0.015
0.053
0.096
0.121
0.124
0.129
0.145
0.199
0.173
0.159
0.084
0.017
0.003
1.329
25
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.014
0.063
0.094
0.128
0.150
0.184
0.295
0.322
0.222
0.192
0.047
0.009
0.003
0.001
0.001
1.734
30
0.002
0.006
0.016
0.047
0.081
0.180
0.172
0.276
0.451
0.401
0.324
0.135
0.038
0.005
0.003
0.001
2.138
35
0.002
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.015
0.039
0.093
0.128
0.244
0.439
0.800
0.696
0.317
0.120
0.022
0.006
0.001
0.001
2.929
40
0.003
0.001
0.007
0.038
0.050
0.140
0.279
0.558
1.423
0.981
0.278
0.077
0.023
0.008
3.867
S
45
0.002
0.003
0.021
0.049
0.093
0.251
0.852
2.542
1.201
0.226
0.058
0.014
0.002
5.314
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.008
0.031
0.079
0.211
0.841
2.615
1.151
0.199
0.044
0.014
0.005
5.205
N
55
0.001
0.002
0.008
0.011
0.070
0.174
0.979
3.166
1.205
0.195
0.023
0.007
0.002
0.001
5.845
60
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.015
0.047
0.174
1.277
7.400
1.561
0.176
0.013
0.005
0.001
10.677
65
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.007
0.029
0.136
1.624
14.400
1.723
0.117
0.014
0.005
18.059
70
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.022
0.073
1.580
16.971
1.470
0.057
0.010
0.003
0.002
0.003
20.197
75
0.001
0.002
0.013
0.032
0.752
7.711
0.672
0.031
0.006
0.001
9.222
80
0.002
0.003
0.009
0.174
1.531
0.135
0.002
0.003
1.861
85
0.001
0.031
0.160
0.032
0.001
0.226
90
0.010
0.010
95
100
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.007
0.017
0.030
0.100
0.350
0.733
1.358
2.486
10.581
66.976
12.587
2.689
1.233
0.573
0.187
0.055
0.018
0.007
0.002
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
53.35
0.00
88.19
56.54
58.22
0.60
11.05
-0.65
-13.97
1.576
1.886
0.617
0.459
0.376
0.577
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
5.640
73.486
10.346
10.528
2.508
2.821
0.145
87,328
516
Power)
10.137
3.650
6.696
3.038
1.898
2.394
2.441
2.261
0.000
2.527
0.949
0.306
0.194
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
8.85
0.0523
0.1064
2.2034
50.85
29.66
11.46
4.83
3.19
8.924
16.504
0.000
25.253
12.479
3.525
1.471
A-14
-------
California 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS B Driving (FC=12) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.033
0.033
5
0.005
0.003
0.024
0.041
0.038
0.008
0.003
0.122
10
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.041
0.057
0.038
0.011
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.169
15
0.005
0.003
0.008
0.011
0.041
0.101
0.060
0.014
0.003
0.003
0.248
20
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.014
0.014
0.044
0.144
0.046
0.019
0.003
0.003
0.297
25
0.011
0.005
0.014
0.022
0.035
0.016
0.011
0.005
0.120
30
0.005
0.005
0.008
0.005
0.008
0.024
0.046
0.024
0.003
0.003
0.133
35
0.003
0.014
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.033
0.052
0.033
0.005
0.003
0.188
40
0.008
0.005
0.022
0.019
0.046
0.101
0.139
0.101
0.063
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.517
45
0.008
0.005
0.022
0.014
0.090
0.147
0.269
0.169
0.073
0.019
0.816
50
0.003
0.003
0.011
0.019
0.035
0.109
0.397
0.890
0.433
0.076
0.024
0.003
0.003
2.005
55
0.005
0.014
0.030
0.071
0.169
1.116
3.967
1.083
0.133
0.022
0.003
6.612
60
0.008
0.030
0.057
0.239
1.986
10.072
2.079
0.185
0.033
0.003
14.692
65
0.008
0.011
0.041
0.269
3.205
24.650
3.243
0.139
0.019
0.005
31.591
70
0.005
0.014
0.019
0.150
2.634
22.308
2.457
0.068
0.005
0.003
27.662
75
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.030
1.167
10.402
0.977
0.016
0.005
0.003
12.614
80
0.003
0.008
0.220
1.744
0.147
0.003
0.003
2.128
85
0.005
0.003
0.044
0.003
0.054
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.041
0.082
0.188
0.324
1.173
11.188
74.974
10.965
0.854
0.152
0.019
0.022
0.005
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
65.42
0.00
85.06
65.44
65.57
0.38
9.70
-0.43
-13.14
0.323
0.347
0.088
0.044
0.016
0.016
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.033
78.974
9.964
11.030
3.339
3.063
0.002
36,754
200
Power)
12.809
1.010
0.044
0.583
0.194
0.189
0.254
0.244
0.000
0.326
0.156
0.088
0.030
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
8.28
0.0450
0.0914
2.6274
50.70
32.38
11.17
3.81
1.93
12.951
24.411
0.000
35.723
16.871
4.839
1.256
A-15
-------
California 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS C Driving (FC=12) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.085
0.003
0.088
5
0.003
0.006
0.024
0.052
0.043
0.021
0.003
0.012
0.003
0.003
0.171
10
0.006
0.003
0.006
0.018
0.018
0.052
0.031
0.021
0.018
0.012
0.186
15
0.003
0.006
0.015
0.012
0.018
0.040
0.049
0.027
0.012
0.015
0.006
0.204
20
0.003
0.006
0.003
0.024
0.015
0.018
0.082
0.052
0.064
0.037
0.009
0.003
0.317
25
0.009
0.027
0.012
0.043
0.073
0.049
0.085
0.037
0.012
0.348
30
0.009
0.006
0.009
0.021
0.043
0.024
0.110
0.159
0.082
0.052
0.003
0.519
35
0.015
0.034
0.037
0.058
0.113
0.171
0.088
0.043
0.021
0.003
0.003
0.586
40
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.018
0.027
0.067
0.076
0.226
0.378
0.204
0.064
0.012
0.003
0.003
1.092
S
45
0.012
0.021
0.037
0.064
0.131
0.308
0.671
0.452
0.052
0.003
0.003
0.003
1.757
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.006
0.006
0.031
0.058
0.070
0.180
0.668
2.359
0.921
0.110
0.027
0.006
0.003
0.003
4.449
N
55
0.003
0.015
0.018
0.027
0.107
0.268
1.461
5.620
1.657
0.217
0.027
0.009
0.003
9.434
60
0.003
0.012
0.009
0.040
0.064
0.296
2.554
13.208
2.834
0.207
0.037
0.006
0.003
0.003
0.003
19.280
65
0.003
0.012
0.006
0.015
0.031
0.052
0.253
3.109
20.946
3.082
0.235
0.052
0.012
0.003
27.811
70
0.009
0.009
0.012
0.018
0.064
0.168
2.377
19.896
2.468
0.131
0.021
0.006
0.006
0.003
0.003
25.193
75
0.015
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.015
0.037
0.070
0.802
5.422
0.729
0.034
0.009
0.015
0.003
7.164
80
0.003
0.003
0.012
0.024
0.131
0.818
0.131
0.018
0.006
0.003
1.150
85
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.034
0.119
0.049
0.006
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.235
90
0.003
0.003
0.006
95
0.003
0.003
0.006
100
0.003
0.003
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.046
0.027
0.101
0.174
0.384
0.686
1.681
12.195
70.078
12.921
1.275
0.281
0.076
0.027
0.006
0.012
0.006
0.003
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
62.98
0.00
97.70
63.04
63.02
0.43
12.12
-0.53
-11.00
0.381
0.182
0.132
0.077
0.055
0.022
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.089
76.802
10.987
12.122
2.180
2.077
0.009
32,775
263
Power)
11.899
2.095
0.108
1.147
0.658
0.711
0.707
0.603
0.000
0.987
0.317
0.083
0.043
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.58
0.0528
0.1061
4.3077
50.23
29.95
12.68
4.44
2.69
13.724
25.698
0.000
31.687
14.527
4.195
1.861
A-16
-------
California 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS D Driving (FC=12) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.007
1.445
0.020
0.007
0.003
1.482
5
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.044
0.141
0.363
0.676
0.410
0.101
0.074
0.044
0.013
1.882
10
0.007
0.013
0.007
0.024
0.040
0.175
0.259
0.460
0.410
0.097
0.013
0.024
0.030
0.003
0.003
0.003
1.570
15
0.010
0.007
0.020
0.024
0.054
0.202
0.360
0.860
0.356
0.141
0.030
0.020
0.027
0.003
2.114
20
0.003
0.007
0.003
0.010
0.040
0.081
0.155
0.333
0.528
0.343
0.158
0.040
0.020
0.010
1.731
25
0.003
0.017
0.007
0.017
0.044
0.108
0.188
0.333
0.629
0.524
0.245
0.057
0.013
0.007
0.003
2.195
30
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.020
0.050
0.108
0.222
0.635
1.133
0.790
0.255
0.057
0.010
0.003
3.301
35
0.003
0.007
0.013
0.034
0.044
0.091
0.319
0.803
1.721
1.166
0.299
0.067
0.027
0.013
4.608
40
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.007
0.024
0.047
0.057
0.094
0.346
0.800
2.148
1.328
0.306
0.057
0.020
0.010
0.007
5.260
S
45
0.003
0.010
0.027
0.091
0.128
0.343
1.035
3.119
1.593
0.306
0.064
0.024
0.007
0.007
6.756
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.010
0.017
0.037
0.145
0.356
1.546
4.561
2.568
0.296
0.074
0.013
0.007
0.003
9.650
N
55
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.010
0.020
0.037
0.118
0.303
2.023
8.104
2.894
0.316
0.050
0.017
0.003
0.003
0.003
13.919
60
0.003
0.003
0.013
0.024
0.081
0.218
2.255
12.285
2.968
0.266
0.030
0.010
18.157
65
0.003
0.007
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.044
0.138
2.020
12.107
2.561
0.134
0.020
0.010
0.003
17.065
70
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.007
0.047
0.827
7.919
0.844
0.047
0.010
9.711
75
0.003
0.007
0.067
0.403
0.067
0.013
0.003
0.565
80
0.013
0.017
0.003
0.034
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.007
0.003
0.010
0.017
0.017
0.087
0.114
0.239
0.491
1.153
3.153
13.673
58.116
18.846
2.988
0.652
0.252
0.131
0.020
0.003
0.007
0.010
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
50.90
0.00
79.27
51.67
51.57
0.61
10.82
-0.70
-13.60
2.442
2.629
1.031
0.609
0.262
0.218
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.482
77.544
10.501
10.474
1.195
1.409
0.062
29,751
352
Power)
8.548
3.310
1.799
5.021
3.065
3.558
3.670
3.364
0.000
3.575
1.214
0.327
0.248
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
5.02
0.0594
0.1139
2.0611
47.89
29.08
14.15
5.49
3.38
12.667
18.956
0.000
20.436
8.357
2.269
0.973
A-17
-------
California 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS E Driving (FC=12) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.187
0.005
0.005
0.197
5
0.010
0.015
0.076
0.177
0.631
0.994
0.626
0.283
0.071
0.005
0.005
0.005
2.896
10
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.071
0.141
0.298
0.636
0.843
0.595
0.353
0.141
0.030
0.010
0.005
0.005
3.148
15
0.020
0.040
0.081
0.161
0.399
0.787
1.297
0.928
0.399
0.131
0.030
0.005
0.005
0.005
4.288
20
0.005
0.010
0.005
0.020
0.045
0.081
0.242
0.363
1.281
2.396
1.544
0.600
0.076
0.025
0.005
0.005
6.705
25
0.005
0.005
0.020
0.040
0.096
0.177
0.525
1.645
2.835
1.821
0.535
0.091
0.010
0.005
7.810
30
0.005
0.025
0.045
0.050
0.166
0.494
1.609
3.163
2.124
0.469
0.055
0.010
8.219
35
0.015
0.015
0.020
0.020
0.166
0.388
1.201
3.113
2.190
0.434
0.061
0.005
7.628
40
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.005
0.050
0.111
0.257
0.933
2.704
2.063
0.348
0.050
0.005
0.005
0.005
6.569
S
45
0.010
0.025
0.020
0.040
0.061
0.212
0.711
2.588
1.902
0.298
0.025
0.015
5.908
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.040
0.131
0.277
0.893
3.799
2.074
0.368
0.040
0.005
7.659
N
55
0.005
0.005
0.020
0.040
0.096
0.323
1.927
6.110
2.487
0.358
0.076
0.005
11.453
60
0.005
0.005
0.020
0.045
0.247
2.200
8.718
2.704
0.222
0.050
0.005
0.010
14.232
65
0.005
0.015
0.035
0.116
1.226
6.644
1.307
0.076
0.020
0.005
0.005
9.455
70
0.005
0.020
0.040
0.378
2.714
0.267
0.015
0.005
3.446
75
0.005
0.045
0.277
0.030
0.358
80
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.030
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.030
0.050
0.166
0.283
0.621
1.630
4.122
16.119
48.393
22.673
4.763
0.893
0.146
0.040
0.035
0.020
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
42.33
0.00
79.39
42.41
42.14
0.71
7.27
-0.84
-10.93
5.820
6.520
3.513
1.887
0.798
0.286
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.197
78.815
10.206
10.782
0.876
1.242
0.077
19,821
266
Power)
6.619
4.337
0.378
6.740
5.083
5.579
5.134
4.787
0.000
4.863
0.972
0.297
0.113
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.49
0.0603
0.1112
1.7138
45.77
29.69
16.35
5.54
2.65
9.496
13.127
0.000
12.800
5.288
1.504
0.680
A-18
-------
California 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS F Driving (FC=12) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.003
3.567
0.125
0.005
0.005
0.003
3.709
5
0.011
0.027
0.041
0.218
0.812
3.290
9.354
3.989
1.400
0.368
0.090
0.033
0.014
0.003
0.008
19.656
10
0.005
0.022
0.046
0.131
0.343
0.831
2.353
5.520
2.903
1.114
0.373
0.079
0.027
0.008
0.003
0.003
13.760
15
0.003
0.008
0.019
0.052
0.139
0.305
0.880
2.511
5.504
3.208
1.122
0.332
0.071
0.030
0.003
0.005
0.003
0.003
14.196
20
0.005
0.008
0.025
0.054
0.098
0.300
0.713
2.271
4.371
2.990
0.929
0.245
0.038
0.019
0.003
12.069
25
0.008
0.005
0.016
0.117
0.245
0.517
1.661
3.690
2.489
0.866
0.136
0.030
0.005
0.003
9.790
30
0.003
0.003
0.011
0.005
0.014
0.079
0.163
0.422
1.465
3.287
2.421
0.618
0.082
0.027
0.005
0.003
8.608
35
0.003
0.005
0.008
0.008
0.014
0.033
0.133
0.340
0.812
2.157
1.582
0.406
0.038
0.016
0.003
5.558
40
0.005
0.003
0.016
0.022
0.074
0.261
0.626
1.310
1.261
0.240
0.033
0.003
0.003
3.856
45
0.005
0.005
0.016
0.027
0.044
0.144
0.449
1.348
1.018
0.163
0.027
0.005
0.003
3.257
50
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.022
0.057
0.068
0.327
1.348
0.629
0.090
0.014
0.008
0.003
2.576
55
0.005
0.003
0.022
0.022
0.046
0.231
0.678
0.411
0.057
0.016
0.005
1.498
60
0.003
0.016
0.025
0.016
0.144
0.389
0.261
0.016
0.005
0.877
65
0.005
0.030
0.084
0.291
0.079
0.005
0.496
70
0.005
0.027
0.052
0.011
0.095
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.035
0.052
0.106
0.264
0.746
1.933
5.087
16.255
42.865
23.378
7.031
1.675
0.376
0.128
0.027
0.019
0.011
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
19.67
0.00
72.42
20.43
20.33
0.87
10.14
-0.93
-10.47
17.765
28.016
8.528
3.030
1.176
0.541
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.709
78.196
9.610
8.485
1.338
4.080
1.126
36,722
150
Power)
2.086
4.979
6.163
5.570
4.134
4.501
4.285
3.358
0.000
3.257
0.667
0.167
0.093
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
9.54
0.0390
0.0722
1.2585
46.04
39.62
10.21
3.10
1.04
0.960
1.020
0.000
0.987
0.585
0.115
0.104
A-19
-------
California 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS A Driving (FC=14) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.000
0.001
0.003
17.545
0.274
0.064
0.013
0.007
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.001
17.914
5
0.002
0.007
0.011
0.099
0.445
0.994
1.575
2.121
1.166
0.946
0.948
0.612
0.154
0.030
0.015
0.009
0.002
0.002
0.000
0.000
9.140
10
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.004
0.007
0.020
0.112
0.384
0.553
0.431
0.261
0.311
0.275
0.359
0.519
0.501
0.219
0.053
0.021
0.007
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
4.046
15
0.001
0.006
0.017
0.054
0.212
0.440
0.512
0.430
0.383
0.490
0.559
0.683
0.659
0.377
0.133
0.040
0.009
0.003
0.001
5.010
20
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.020
0.072
0.206
0.444
0.580
0.518
0.503
0.751
0.823
0.876
0.752
0.294
0.087
0.014
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.000
5.962
25
0.000
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.018
0.059
0.196
0.388
0.573
0.649
0.758
1.275
1.225
1.025
0.619
0.198
0.043
0.010
0.003
0.002
0.000
7.053
30
0.002
0.008
0.014
0.035
0.123
0.292
0.550
0.704
1.098
2.630
1.799
1.004
0.383
0.101
0.020
0.003
0.000
8.765
35
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.024
0.076
0.187
0.391
0.700
1.498
4.053
2.321
0.742
0.215
0.035
0.014
0.001
0.001
10.275
40
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.006
0.013
0.035
0.107
0.243
0.532
1.609
5.070
2.197
0.482
0.102
0.013
0.008
0.000
10.419
S
45
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.004
0.020
0.058
0.119
0.309
1.412
4.765
1.650
0.237
0.035
0.007
0.004
0.000
0.000
8.627
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.000
0.002
0.007
0.014
0.060
0.156
0.816
3.003
0.912
0.097
0.010
0.004
0.000
5.082
N
55
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.006
0.016
0.063
0.438
2.068
0.446
0.041
0.007
0.002
3.090
60
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.004
0.020
0.231
2.343
0.208
0.015
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
2.829
65
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.006
0.090
0.883
0.106
0.009
0.003
0.000
1.101
70
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.052
0.427
0.057
0.004
0.001
0.548
75
0.000
0.010
0.112
0.007
0.001
0.000
0.132
80
0.001
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.006
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.005
0.005
0.009
0.039
0.100
0.292
1.001
2.423
4.049
5.517
10.737
47.852
14.024
6.585
4.270
2.151
0.687
0.154
0.056
0.026
0.008
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
25.78
0.00
81.47
31.41
36.02
1.23
17.32
-1.34
-16.62
4.639
4.365
2.921
2.511
1.917
2.279
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
17.914
54.030
14.231
13.826
0.969
2.256
1.216
204,543
1,511
Power)
2.654
10.489
20.576
8.677
6.169
7.139
6.287
4.754
0.000
5.108
1.725
0.451
0.167
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.98
0.0516
0.1153
1.9498
55.30
24.38
11.33
5.80
3.19
2.579
3.924
0.000
2.454
0.615
0.169
0.087
A-20
-------
California 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS B Driving (FC=14) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.012
3.307
0.146
0.037
3.503
5
0.049
0.024
0.220
0.366
0.464
0.635
0.415
0.403
0.415
0.232
0.110
0.037
0.012
0.012
3.393
10
0.049
0.110
0.146
0.281
0.122
0.085
0.134
0.195
0.085
0.220
0.195
0.110
0.110
0.037
0.012
1.892
15
0.061
0.024
0.134
0.232
0.268
0.330
0.354
0.464
0.342
0.427
0.391
0.183
0.146
0.037
0.012
3.405
20
0.024
0.012
0.073
0.073
0.488
0.378
0.342
0.427
0.403
0.464
0.610
0.561
0.330
0.146
0.012
0.012
4.357
25
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.037
0.085
0.207
0.342
0.696
0.488
0.659
1.306
1.196
1.135
0.757
0.268
0.049
0.012
7.274
30
0.012
0.024
0.073
0.171
0.427
0.635
1.001
1.513
3.661
3.381
1.648
0.500
0.134
0.049
13.229
35
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.122
0.256
0.769
1.184
3.039
7.762
5.126
1.391
0.159
0.024
0.024
19.893
40
0.012
0.012
0.024
0.171
0.415
0.866
2.502
9.434
3.454
0.866
0.146
0.024
17.928
S
45
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.098
0.183
0.391
1.538
5.004
1.770
0.378
0.098
9.495
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.012
0.012
0.037
0.122
0.183
0.744
2.392
0.879
0.232
0.049
4.662
N
55
0.012
0.012
0.061
0.696
1.635
0.500
0.061
0.049
3.027
60
0.012
0.122
0.378
0.647
0.195
0.037
0.012
1.403
65
0.061
0.464
2.392
0.305
0.024
3.246
70
0.098
0.378
1.587
0.415
2.477
75
0.073
0.659
0.012
0.744
80
0.073
0.073
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.037
0.024
0.049
0.159
0.342
0.915
2.233
3.991
5.614
13.327
41.494
18.794
7.335
3.356
1.391
0.635
0.195
0.061
0.037
0.012
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
35.15
0.00
78.01
36.42
39.01
1.10
10.31
-1.26
-10.40
2.254
2.192
1.507
1.457
1.382
2.092
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.503
67.928
13.913
14.657
0.488
0.833
0.388
8,194
164
Power)
3.603
10.423
4.533
12.204
9.801
11.046
10.772
7.559
0.000
7.534
2.117
0.448
0.199
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.17
0.0634
0.1260
0.9603
49.65
25.27
13.90
7.08
4.10
4.346
3.176
0.000
2.553
1.544
0.498
0.361
A-21
-------
California 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS C Driving (FC=14) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.011
0.011
7.641
0.218
0.011
0.011
0.023
7.928
5
0.023
0.138
0.391
0.919
1.482
1.942
1.057
0.919
0.850
0.620
0.207
0.046
0.034
8.629
10
0.011
0.023
0.011
0.023
0.138
0.333
0.563
0.517
0.276
0.322
0.356
0.345
0.471
0.471
0.276
0.126
0.034
0.046
0.023
4.366
15
0.011
0.057
0.069
0.310
0.506
0.529
0.609
0.529
0.724
0.597
0.735
0.643
0.448
0.230
0.069
0.023
6.090
20
0.011
0.057
0.092
0.287
0.586
0.724
0.701
0.770
1.046
0.965
1.023
0.931
0.517
0.172
0.023
0.034
7.940
25
0.011
0.034
0.034
0.092
0.218
0.552
0.862
1.092
1.471
2.287
2.378
1.735
0.885
0.345
0.069
0.011
12.076
30
0.023
0.034
0.057
0.207
0.310
0.735
1.092
2.229
3.596
2.964
1.551
0.540
0.230
0.023
0.011
13.605
35
0.011
0.011
0.046
0.103
0.287
0.483
0.735
2.126
5.469
2.700
1.034
0.356
0.080
0.023
0.011
13.478
40
0.011
0.034
0.057
0.069
0.322
0.689
1.942
4.918
2.218
0.666
0.126
0.023
0.011
11.088
45
0.011
0.011
0.023
0.069
0.092
0.264
0.919
2.528
1.413
0.253
0.080
0.011
5.676
50
0.023
0.011
0.069
0.057
0.448
1.574
0.586
0.103
0.034
2.907
55
0.011
0.034
0.046
0.057
0.264
1.126
0.540
0.069
0.011
2.160
60
0.046
0.299
1.252
0.414
0.069
0.011
2.091
65
0.023
0.184
0.839
0.241
1.287
70
0.011
0.080
0.230
0.138
0.460
75
0.184
0.034
0.218
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.034
0.115
0.230
0.414
1.402
2.896
4.826
6.814
13.030
35.677
16.822
8.514
4.952
2.758
1.023
0.287
0.126
0.057
0.023
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
27.20
0.00
74.53
29.54
32.99
1.39
9.27
-1.53
-9.28
5.951
5.528
3.099
2.782
2.394
3.204
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.928
56.268
18.522
17.281
0.359
0.793
1.080
8,703
183
Power)
2.504
12.981
10.258
11.033
7.277
7.524
7.301
5.282
0.000
5.434
2.019
0.634
0.235
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.02
0.0636
0.1305
1.2622
51.26
23.84
13.66
6.58
4.65
1.831
1.725
0.000
1.972
0.962
0.364
0.211
A-22
-------
California 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS D Driving (FC=14) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.008
19.880
0.223
0.030
0.010
0.004
0.003
0.001
0.001
20.166
5
0.002
0.003
0.016
0.112
0.437
1.035
1.835
3.006
1.563
1.115
0.970
0.600
0.132
0.049
0.026
0.008
0.003
0.003
10.914
10
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.009
0.024
0.105
0.308
0.541
0.513
0.445
0.443
0.411
0.446
0.461
0.497
0.193
0.060
0.023
0.008
0.004
4.497
15
0.001
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.007
0.018
0.058
0.160
0.371
0.529
0.520
0.595
0.773
0.836
0.796
0.691
0.350
0.132
0.027
0.013
0.003
0.001
5.892
20
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.014
0.028
0.069
0.167
0.391
0.605
0.649
0.771
1.111
1.247
1.138
0.649
0.235
0.060
0.014
0.008
0.002
7.164
25
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.011
0.021
0.056
0.145
0.338
0.545
0.659
1.092
2.090
1.941
1.160
0.496
0.146
0.037
0.005
0.004
0.002
0.001
8.755
30
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.005
0.020
0.041
0.085
0.288
0.437
0.675
1.456
3.616
2.395
0.970
0.313
0.082
0.017
0.004
0.002
10.412
35
0.003
0.001
0.005
0.003
0.006
0.020
0.054
0.146
0.324
0.618
1.577
4.365
2.478
0.721
0.144
0.029
0.007
0.002
0.002
10.504
40
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.010
0.018
0.073
0.179
0.428
1.550
4.482
2.116
0.439
0.067
0.018
0.001
0.001
9.388
S
45
0.001
0.001
0.006
0.010
0.026
0.092
0.213
1.153
3.798
1.486
0.202
0.018
0.005
0.002
0.001
7.015
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.007
0.012
0.019
0.097
0.601
2.112
0.628
0.066
0.003
0.002
0.002
3.552
N
55
0.003
0.010
0.018
0.231
0.879
0.215
0.010
0.005
0.003
1.375
60
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.008
0.044
0.176
0.037
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.278
65
0.002
0.001
0.004
0.011
0.051
0.009
0.001
0.079
70
0.001
0.005
0.001
0.007
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.010
0.011
0.022
0.047
0.111
0.288
0.770
2.071
3.724
5.439
11.370
46.787
15.586
7.097
3.829
1.972
0.586
0.164
0.079
0.024
0.006
0.004
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
21.72
0.00
69.33
27.21
30.60
1.20
11.21
-1.31
-13.74
6.338
5.738
3.742
3.138
2.177
1.972
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
20.166
53.529
13.759
12.546
0.871
2.407
1.484
109,307
757
Power)
2.063
9.500
23.584
9.055
6.292
7.353
6.498
4.753
0.000
4.867
1.432
0.336
0.120
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.00
0.0485
0.1051
1.9039
53.84
26.48
11.82
5.31
2.55
1.186
1.098
0.000
0.559
0.196
0.046
0.021
A-23
-------
California 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS E Driving (FC=14) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.014
0.058
26.156
0.390
0.014
0.014
0.014
26.662
5
0.029
0.029
0.159
0.723
1.329
2.355
3.902
1.951
1.373
1.402
0.795
0.289
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.029
14.451
10
0.014
0.058
0.217
0.448
0.853
0.347
0.246
0.217
0.419
0.535
0.564
0.419
0.318
0.130
0.043
0.029
0.014
4.870
15
0.014
0.029
0.058
0.217
0.549
0.723
0.448
0.535
0.780
0.968
0.867
0.838
0.491
0.202
0.058
0.014
0.014
6.806
20
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.101
0.188
0.592
0.766
0.650
0.578
0.954
1.127
1.185
0.665
0.246
0.116
0.029
0.014
7.254
25
0.058
0.072
0.159
0.405
0.607
0.723
0.896
1.185
1.243
1.185
0.535
0.202
0.058
0.014
7.341
30
0.014
0.014
0.029
0.029
0.145
0.231
0.607
0.853
1.416
2.587
1.893
1.040
0.405
0.130
0.014
9.408
35
0.014
0.116
0.159
0.246
0.824
1.676
2.948
1.879
0.882
0.159
0.014
8.916
40
0.014
0.014
0.029
0.058
0.145
0.434
1.647
2.572
1.734
0.275
0.058
0.014
6.994
S
45
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.072
0.217
1.040
2.717
1.185
0.116
5.405
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.014
0.087
0.231
0.824
0.347
0.014
1.517
N
55
0.029
0.072
0.231
0.043
0.376
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.029
0.014
0.029
0.014
0.159
0.390
1.113
2.630
4.754
5.939
10.751
45.072
13.179
7.486
4.639
2.298
0.997
0.275
0.101
0.087
0.029
0.014
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
17.26
0.00
56.33
23.53
26.98
1.42
10.04
-1.57
-11.42
5.366
6.333
3.709
3.211
2.272
2.434
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
26.662
42.399
15.882
15.058
0.335
1.165
2.773
6,920
99
Power)
1.104
12.242
32.151
8.620
5.043
5.102
3.944
3.416
0.000
4.032
1.114
0.264
0.044
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.07
0.0440
0.1038
0.8155
57.64
24.34
10.36
5.20
2.46
0.235
0.191
0.000
0.191
0.088
0.000
0.000
A-24
-------
California 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS F Driving (FC=14) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.004
0.013
0.004
37.974
0.317
0.071
0.031
0.026
0.004
38.445
5
0.018
0.018
0.150
0.586
1.490
4.226
8.655
3.843
1.727
1.199
0.643
0.207
0.101
0.022
0.009
0.009
22.902
10
0.004
0.013
0.013
0.031
0.167
0.286
0.551
0.846
0.930
1.454
0.899
0.784
0.639
0.410
0.273
0.115
0.018
0.013
0.009
7.456
15
0.009
0.031
0.026
0.093
0.163
0.300
0.560
0.564
1.088
1.481
1.163
0.925
0.533
0.278
0.137
0.044
0.013
0.009
0.004
7.421
20
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.035
0.075
0.181
0.269
0.370
0.449
0.842
1.172
1.291
0.842
0.423
0.159
0.062
0.026
0.004
0.004
6.218
25
0.004
0.018
0.053
0.145
0.220
0.348
0.449
0.692
1.040
1.326
0.696
0.251
0.097
0.026
0.004
5.372
30
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.018
0.048
0.119
0.251
0.427
0.701
1.397
1.036
0.449
0.106
0.062
0.022
0.004
4.658
35
0.013
0.031
0.062
0.132
0.185
0.665
1.432
0.683
0.229
0.071
0.018
0.009
0.009
3.539
40
0.013
0.026
0.044
0.075
0.348
0.771
0.383
0.110
0.013
0.004
0.009
0.004
1.802
S
45
0.004
0.013
0.018
0.040
0.154
0.361
0.137
0.009
0.009
0.004
0.749
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.004
0.004
0.022
0.084
0.123
0.075
0.009
0.004
0.326
N
55
0.004
0.009
0.044
0.066
0.040
0.004
0.004
0.172
60
0.026
0.449
0.079
0.004
0.560
65
0.026
0.278
0.048
0.353
70
0.004
0.022
0.026
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.009
0.013
0.018
0.053
0.110
0.286
0.767
1.454
2.869
4.570
9.836
56.676
11.321
5.861
3.274
1.705
0.749
0.300
0.062
0.040
0.013
0.009
0.004
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
9.55
0.00
68.47
15.51
15.62
1.24
11.15
-1.28
-11.11
10.478
11.710
4.879
3.020
1.552
1.534
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
38.445
39.353
12.013
10.189
0.292
1.836
5.183
22,692
206
Power)
0.724
7.525
46.327
2.966
1.801
2.059
1.703
1.201
0.000
1.361
0.409
0.151
0.071
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.06
0.0278
0.0728
1.5007
61.77
27.64
6.66
2.54
1.39
0.311
0.480
0.000
0.316
0.111
0.027
0.009
A-25
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS A Driving (FC=16) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.003
12.749
0.249
0.076
0.015
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
13.108
5
0.001
0.005
0.016
0.105
0.456
0.944
1.472
1.937
1.092
0.977
0.943
0.581
0.136
0.040
0.015
0.008
0.005
0.001
8.735
10
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.010
0.027
0.140
0.447
0.582
0.349
0.253
0.279
0.304
0.453
0.559
0.502
0.218
0.061
0.014
0.012
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.001
4.222
15
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.009
0.020
0.069
0.298
0.510
0.496
0.366
0.370
0.508
0.610
0.764
0.780
0.419
0.146
0.038
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
5.416
20
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.009
0.018
0.105
0.293
0.511
0.618
0.456
0.492
0.762
0.778
0.915
0.889
0.367
0.082
0.016
0.004
0.003
0.001
0.001
6.324
25
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.008
0.024
0.064
0.239
0.503
0.620
0.638
0.758
1.625
1.375
1.128
0.706
0.242
0.041
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.003
7.991
30
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.004
0.013
0.048
0.155
0.371
0.600
0.760
1.216
3.321
2.189
1.125
0.451
0.119
0.021
0.005
0.001
0.001
10.404
35
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.008
0.029
0.079
0.232
0.441
0.707
1.594
4.972
2.498
0.850
0.233
0.061
0.008
0.001
0.002
11.716
40
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.017
0.040
0.129
0.273
0.519
1.615
5.697
2.123
0.512
0.127
0.019
0.004
0.001
0.001
11.086
45
0.002
0.001
0.006
0.019
0.059
0.148
0.336
1.293
4.319
1.574
0.263
0.043
0.009
0.001
8.074
50
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.009
0.027
0.074
0.161
0.878
3.625
0.939
0.133
0.015
0.002
0.001
5.871
55
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.026
0.087
0.461
2.153
0.498
0.045
0.006
0.001
0.001
3.297
60
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.013
0.031
0.208
1.881
0.206
0.012
0.003
0.001
2.359
65
0.001
0.002
0.007
0.066
0.723
0.053
0.002
0.001
0.854
70
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.018
0.381
0.018
0.001
0.001
0.420
75
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.119
0.002
0.001
0.124
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.007
0.007
0.012
0.041
0.100
0.376
1.292
2.910
4.352
5.367
10.700
45.051
14.508
7.256
4.770
2.328
0.659
0.169
0.042
0.028
0.013
0.005
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
27.17
0.00
77.35
31.27
35.90
1.26
14.70
-1.42
-17.06
4.386
4.631
3.082
2.678
2.171
2.536
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
13.108
56.685
15.451
14.756
0.916
2.022
0.997
171,745
1,416
Power)
2.753
11.638
15.143
8.976
7.254
8.131
6.876
4.818
0.000
5.411
1.943
0.545
0.191
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.81
0.0561
0.1195
1.3534
53.01
25.11
11.91
6.31
3.66
2.434
3.874
0.000
2.487
0.601
0.133
0.061
A-26
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS B Driving (FC=16) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.040
6.833
0.201
0.081
0.013
0.013
7.182
5
0.013
0.094
0.403
0.712
0.993
1.047
0.524
0.712
0.712
0.483
0.201
0.067
0.040
0.013
6.014
10
0.013
0.054
0.201
0.443
0.456
0.282
0.188
0.094
0.228
0.389
0.336
0.376
0.376
0.094
0.027
0.013
3.571
15
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.362
0.443
0.295
0.483
0.362
0.524
0.537
0.591
0.550
0.483
0.268
0.054
0.027
0.013
5.155
20
0.067
0.040
0.107
0.349
0.618
0.712
0.470
0.483
0.537
0.658
0.899
0.886
0.644
0.188
0.013
6.672
25
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.121
0.403
0.577
0.940
0.604
0.752
1.504
1.034
1.128
1.195
0.322
0.094
0.013
8.847
30
0.013
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.215
0.604
0.832
0.967
1.638
4.336
2.698
1.450
0.805
0.175
0.040
0.013
13.948
35
0.067
0.081
0.201
0.376
0.832
1.181
2.161
6.108
3.302
1.477
0.349
0.067
0.013
16.217
40
0.013
0.027
0.013
0.121
0.242
0.537
0.819
2.121
6.806
3.141
0.792
0.188
0.054
14.874
S
45
0.013
0.081
0.081
0.215
0.644
1.826
4.873
1.960
0.268
0.013
0.027
0.013
0.013
10.028
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.013
0.013
0.081
0.107
0.295
0.819
2.591
0.698
0.067
0.027
4.712
N
55
0.013
0.081
0.148
0.175
1.047
0.215
0.013
0.027
1.718
60
0.040
0.188
0.215
0.027
0.027
0.013
0.510
65
0.067
0.188
0.054
0.013
0.322
70
0.040
0.161
0.027
0.228
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.013
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.322
0.631
1.960
3.571
5.410
6.645
11.854
36.864
15.304
7.907
5.115
2.645
1.181
0.255
0.107
0.054
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
29.16
0.00
69.88
31.42
35.48
1.41
7.75
-1.63
-12.35
3.654
2.981
2.363
2.239
1.882
3.393
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.182
56.545
17.264
19.009
0.357
0.735
0.746
7,449
169
Power)
2.051
15.467
8.571
10.810
9.588
10.398
8.475
5.591
0.000
6.978
2.679
0.632
0.261
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.86
0.0649
0.1396
1.2828
53.50
22.20
11.80
7.36
5.14
1.346
1.278
0.000
0.893
0.385
0.028
0.110
A-27
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS C Driving (FC=16, LOS=C) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.012
0.012
10.512
0.386
0.048
0.024
0.012
11.007
5
0.024
0.060
0.181
0.542
1.121
1.844
2.797
1.712
1.145
1.037
0.699
0.193
0.133
0.048
0.012
0.012
11.561
10
0.036
0.048
0.193
0.555
0.603
0.386
0.338
0.579
0.470
0.482
0.530
0.506
0.374
0.096
0.012
0.012
0.012
5.232
15
0.036
0.169
0.422
0.518
0.542
0.325
0.313
0.518
0.434
0.844
0.952
0.530
0.277
0.060
0.012
0.012
5.967
20
0.012
0.012
0.036
0.145
0.470
0.579
0.723
0.615
0.446
0.940
1.025
1.109
0.940
0.579
0.133
0.060
0.012
0.012
7.848
25
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.145
0.253
0.627
0.916
0.989
1.374
2.074
1.977
1.543
0.808
0.386
0.084
0.036
0.012
11.260
30
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.060
0.229
0.422
0.675
0.904
1.953
4.858
2.942
1.181
0.494
0.145
0.048
13.960
35
0.012
0.024
0.084
0.229
0.434
0.772
2.098
6.293
2.640
0.772
0.157
0.036
0.024
13.574
40
0.012
0.012
0.024
0.133
0.229
0.603
1.664
5.425
2.230
0.362
0.084
0.012
0.012
10.802
S
45
0.012
0.012
0.084
0.121
0.301
0.952
2.954
0.856
0.181
0.012
0.012
5.497
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.012
0.012
0.024
0.096
0.084
0.313
0.856
0.205
0.036
0.024
1.664
N
55
0.024
0.084
0.133
0.518
0.060
0.048
0.868
60
0.024
0.048
0.012
0.108
0.024
0.217
65
0.060
0.241
0.084
0.386
70
0.121
0.012
0.133
75
80
0.012
0.012
0.024
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.036
0.024
0.048
0.157
0.627
1.760
3.351
4.907
6.221
11.549
38.710
15.154
7.776
5.063
2.893
1.157
0.386
0.084
0.048
0.024
0.012
0.012
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
23.68
0.00
78.50
26.61
30.09
1.43
12.37
-1.58
-10.48
5.468
6.046
3.502
3.392
2.777
3.256
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
11.007
54.177
17.589
17.227
0.348
0.881
1.466
8,295
157
Power)
1.732
13.603
14.094
10.555
8.589
9.376
6.537
4.190
0.000
4.301
1.536
0.442
0.172
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.96
0.0560
0.1186
1.0841
52.78
25.76
11.49
5.98
3.99
0.713
0.651
0.000
0.406
0.209
0.160
0.025
A-28
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS D Driving (FC=16) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.002
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.010
17.972
0.259
0.062
0.018
0.010
0.002
18.344
5
0.006
0.004
0.024
0.123
0.513
0.993
2.047
3.382
1.842
1.184
1.102
0.668
0.139
0.030
0.028
0.014
0.004
0.002
12.106
10
0.002
0.016
0.026
0.141
0.394
0.533
0.442
0.432
0.448
0.384
0.467
0.597
0.541
0.227
0.084
0.026
0.010
0.004
0.002
4.778
15
0.002
0.004
0.010
0.042
0.093
0.213
0.428
0.487
0.519
0.541
0.752
0.776
0.857
0.768
0.386
0.139
0.030
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.002
6.063
20
0.002
0.006
0.010
0.026
0.093
0.213
0.507
0.525
0.613
0.607
0.999
1.005
1.102
0.770
0.362
0.093
0.008
0.002
0.002
6.946
25
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.006
0.030
0.066
0.183
0.382
0.627
0.668
0.782
1.611
1.490
1.168
0.549
0.221
0.060
0.010
0.002
7.875
30
0.002
0.006
0.024
0.064
0.125
0.267
0.555
0.766
1.209
2.821
2.091
1.104
0.336
0.103
0.024
0.004
0.002
9.504
35
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.090
0.165
0.370
0.722
1.581
5.277
2.632
0.724
0.155
0.036
0.002
0.002
11.788
40
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.004
0.006
0.018
0.082
0.191
0.436
1.558
5.687
2.194
0.346
0.072
0.026
0.002
0.002
10.636
S
45
0.002
0.002
0.008
0.006
0.030
0.074
0.215
1.060
4.008
1.243
0.125
0.026
0.002
6.801
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.002
0.004
0.012
0.026
0.082
0.497
2.274
0.523
0.040
0.008
0.002
3.471
N
55
0.002
0.004
0.012
0.022
0.157
1.090
0.157
0.010
0.002
1.456
60
0.002
0.002
0.022
0.105
0.028
0.006
0.165
65
0.016
0.012
0.004
0.032
70
0.010
0.012
0.022
75
0.014
0.014
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.006
0.028
0.040
0.159
0.382
1.020
2.399
3.917
5.484
10.503
46.453
14.664
7.199
4.402
2.357
0.686
0.171
0.066
0.034
0.010
0.006
0.002
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
22.06
0.00
77.02
27.02
30.71
1.26
12.76
-1.38
-14.54
6.073
6.311
3.639
3.062
2.272
2.374
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
18.344
53.290
14.907
13.459
0.639
1.738
1.523
49,728
477
Power)
2.060
10.440
21.707
8.248
6.648
7.982
6.964
4.964
0.000
4.573
1.222
0.353
0.128
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
5.14
0.0493
0.1061
1.3847
53.48
26.87
11.61
5.38
2.66
0.922
1.381
0.000
0.542
0.110
0.059
0.028
A-29
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS E Driving (FC=16, LOS=E) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.018
0.053
28.696
0.480
0.071
0.018
29.336
5
0.036
0.071
0.249
0.836
1.530
2.846
4.537
2.562
1.477
1.316
1.067
0.285
0.036
0.125
16.972
10
0.018
0.125
0.125
0.587
0.818
0.676
0.587
0.516
0.391
0.534
0.391
0.694
0.391
0.125
0.018
5.995
15
0.018
0.036
0.071
0.356
0.445
0.640
0.801
0.890
0.907
0.996
0.765
0.943
0.534
0.302
0.053
0.018
7.774
20
0.018
0.036
0.053
0.018
0.125
0.267
0.480
0.640
0.658
0.961
1.210
1.050
0.801
0.587
0.480
0.125
7.508
25
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.107
0.196
0.463
0.605
0.534
0.996
1.067
0.996
1.174
0.569
0.231
0.071
0.018
7.081
30
0.053
0.018
0.036
0.107
0.267
0.445
0.783
1.601
2.081
1.637
0.872
0.445
0.071
0.036
8.450
35
0.018
0.018
0.053
0.018
0.036
0.142
0.267
0.391
1.548
3.113
1.743
0.516
0.213
0.018
0.018
8.112
40
0.053
0.018
0.071
0.107
0.320
0.801
2.918
1.032
0.267
0.036
5.622
45
0.018
0.018
0.089
0.107
0.320
1.014
0.374
0.089
2.028
50
0.018
0.053
0.053
0.213
0.249
0.267
0.036
0.890
55
0.018
0.036
0.036
0.142
0.231
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.018
0.036
0.053
0.142
0.160
0.569
1.192
2.740
4.519
5.906
10.852
46.451
11.528
6.600
4.519
3.096
1.228
0.231
0.142
0.018
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
14.62
0.00
56.22
20.68
23.11
1.54
7.82
-1.66
-11.99
8.338
7.923
3.988
2.635
2.382
2.563
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
29.336
39.602
15.745
15.318
0.285
1.171
3.812
5,621
80
Power)
0.763
12.200
34.236
6.407
3.916
4.205
4.043
2.491
0.000
2.797
0.975
0.271
0.054
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.86
0.0407
0.1046
0.8009
61.09
23.23
8.49
4.47
2.72
0.253
0.126
0.000
0.181
0.000
0.018
0.000
A-30
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS F Driving (FC=16) SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.010
0.019
0.039
37.139
0.404
0.077
0.010
0.019
37.717
5
0.019
0.029
0.202
0.674
1.627
3.591
6.142
3.312
1.887
1.328
0.828
0.298
0.096
0.029
0.019
0.010
20.090
10
0.019
0.029
0.029
0.173
0.424
0.818
0.683
0.732
0.818
0.645
0.683
0.683
0.626
0.279
0.106
0.010
0.019
0.010
0.010
6.796
15
0.019
0.048
0.048
0.289
0.472
0.462
0.549
0.645
0.751
0.683
0.789
0.683
0.481
0.154
0.048
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
6.161
20
0.010
0.019
0.029
0.077
0.231
0.337
0.462
0.385
0.549
0.857
0.722
0.606
0.626
0.385
0.087
0.010
0.010
5.400
25
0.010
0.010
0.067
0.048
0.164
0.404
0.424
0.395
0.606
0.886
0.789
0.905
0.529
0.183
0.010
0.010
5.439
30
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.048
0.087
0.193
0.404
0.298
0.886
1.348
1.213
0.886
0.241
0.058
5.689
35
0.010
0.010
0.048
0.096
0.212
0.366
1.069
2.676
1.550
0.414
0.029
0.019
6.498
40
0.010
0.019
0.019
0.010
0.135
0.125
0.568
2.840
0.789
0.116
4.630
S
45
0.010
0.010
0.029
0.077
0.221
0.674
0.241
0.010
1.271
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.010
0.010
0.077
0.183
0.029
0.308
N
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.010
0.039
0.077
0.193
0.308
1.040
2.147
3.629
4.534
8.982
54.313
10.377
6.373
4.130
2.599
0.828
0.260
0.058
0.048
0.019
0.019
0.010
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
11.13
0.00
49.09
17.87
19.40
1.41
11.69
-1.46
-9.92
8.410
8.994
3.728
2.540
1.791
2.356
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
37.717
36.090
14.247
11.947
0.282
1.519
4.671
10,388
114
Power)
0.728
9.247
44.170
4.234
2.920
3.845
2.959
1.918
0.000
2.278
0.506
0.078
0.029
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.97
0.0326
0.0859
0.9256
62.05
25.29
7.10
3.89
1.67
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
A-31
-------
California 2000 Urban Collector LOS A-C Driving (FC=17) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.003
9.484
0.302
0.148
0.069
0.023
0.007
0.004
0.002
10.047
5
0.003
0.003
0.017
0.134
0.624
1.242
1.742
2.082
1.412
1.613
1.499
0.646
0.117
0.029
0.010
0.007
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.002
11.191
10
0.002
0.003
0.010
0.026
0.218
0.714
0.856
0.604
0.503
0.540
0.625
1.026
1.146
0.696
0.212
0.061
0.010
0.007
0.001
0.003
0.001
7.265
15
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.009
0.021
0.094
0.472
0.832
0.753
0.605
0.609
0.703
0.938
1.604
1.360
0.531
0.130
0.026
0.010
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.002
8.710
20
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.024
0.114
0.379
0.826
1.034
0.912
0.841
1.316
1.618
1.668
1.211
0.348
0.066
0.020
0.003
0.001
10.388
25
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.024
0.073
0.249
0.623
0.936
1.008
1.374
4.228
2.554
1.501
0.681
0.159
0.041
0.012
0.002
13.477
30
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.020
0.044
0.119
0.322
0.647
0.923
1.615
5.798
2.846
0.964
0.314
0.048
0.025
0.007
0.002
13.702
35
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.008
0.022
0.057
0.144
0.316
0.614
1.354
5.273
2.076
0.529
0.115
0.035
0.007
0.004
0.001
0.001
10.565
40
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.009
0.012
0.017
0.087
0.148
0.324
1.020
3.289
1.424
0.254
0.045
0.012
0.003
6.648
45
0.002
0.005
0.011
0.021
0.085
0.188
0.604
1.998
0.857
0.121
0.019
0.003
3.914
50
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.003
0.012
0.020
0.081
0.447
1.459
0.415
0.052
0.008
0.003
0.001
2.506
55
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.011
0.034
0.126
0.619
0.127
0.014
0.004
0.942
60
0.014
0.060
0.397
0.058
0.003
0.532
65
0.011
0.094
0.009
0.001
0.114
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.001
0.014
0.038
0.120
0.398
1.543
3.720
5.432
6.549
10.308
37.279
15.261
9.500
6.470
2.503
0.609
0.163
0.038
0.017
0.009
0.009
0.003
0.003
0.002
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
22.26
0.00
67.32
24.74
29.01
1.41
13.05
-1.63
-15.86
6.956
7.478
5.874
5.013
3.421
2.907
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
10.047
52.921
19.141
17.892
0.413
1.113
1.288
91,792
1,374
Power)
1.638
14.433
11.875
9.468
7.179
7.263
6.003
3.968
0.000
4.050
1.214
0.298
0.119
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.63
0.0543
0.1117
1.2221
51.37
26.16
13.77
6.14
2.57
0.879
0.917
0.000
0.480
0.148
0.038
0.020
A-32
-------
California 2000 Urban Collector LOS D Driving (FC=17) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.008
15.306
0.386
0.148
0.016
0.008
15.873
5
0.148
0.706
1.297
2.266
4.434
1.921
1.741
1.568
0.764
0.222
0.049
0.033
0.016
15.167
10
0.016
0.049
0.230
0.682
0.797
0.542
0.460
0.649
0.854
0.903
0.977
0.739
0.287
0.057
0.033
0.016
0.008
7.300
15
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.107
0.443
0.542
0.673
0.731
0.870
1.445
1.371
1.462
1.281
0.599
0.140
0.049
0.008
0.008
0.008
9.772
20
0.016
0.025
0.082
0.304
0.755
0.977
0.829
1.100
1.683
1.560
1.692
1.084
0.484
0.131
0.033
0.008
0.008
10.774
25
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.033
0.041
0.197
0.657
0.640
0.994
1.338
3.055
2.102
1.412
0.698
0.205
0.033
0.008
0.008
11.455
30
0.025
0.008
0.041
0.074
0.271
0.501
0.723
1.511
3.564
2.299
0.747
0.361
0.123
0.016
0.008
10.273
35
0.008
0.008
0.041
0.057
0.123
0.296
0.493
0.936
3.769
1.577
0.558
0.181
0.049
0.008
0.008
8.113
40
0.025
0.008
0.049
0.189
0.361
0.797
2.808
1.281
0.238
0.066
0.008
0.008
5.838
S
45
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.008
0.049
0.189
0.698
1.494
0.698
0.123
0.041
0.016
3.359
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.008
0.008
0.057
0.213
0.846
0.238
0.066
0.008
0.008
1.453
N
55
0.016
0.328
0.082
0.427
60
0.189
0.008
0.197
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.033
0.057
0.123
0.370
1.338
3.235
4.837
6.216
10.215
39.571
14.378
9.090
6.282
3.005
0.846
0.213
0.082
0.041
0.008
0.016
0.008
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
18.49
0.00
61.41
21.97
24.91
1.48
10.63
-1.60
-12.83
8.087
9.312
5.772
4.740
3.322
3.297
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
15.873
48.456
19.429
16.242
0.242
0.787
1.983
12,178
258
Power)
1.607
12.852
20.134
7.131
5.487
5.612
4.530
3.205
0.000
3.322
1.300
0.361
0.252
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.50
0.0529
0.1118
1.3070
52.67
26.16
12.55
5.43
3.19
0.252
0.386
0.000
0.520
0.067
0.059
0.000
A-33
-------
California 2000 Urban Collector LOS E-F Driving (FC=17) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.161
31.455
0.676
0.322
0.064
32.679
5
0.547
0.901
2.222
3.574
5.023
3.220
2.254
2.093
1.030
0.386
0.097
0.032
21.378
10
0.032
0.064
0.129
0.290
0.708
0.869
0.934
0.580
0.773
0.741
0.837
0.966
0.869
0.386
0.064
0.032
0.064
8.339
15
0.032
0.129
0.580
0.901
0.644
0.869
0.837
0.386
0.547
0.773
1.095
0.741
0.193
0.129
7.856
20
0.064
0.064
0.161
0.161
0.547
0.837
0.708
0.741
1.062
0.580
0.998
0.901
0.483
0.097
7.405
25
0.032
0.064
0.064
0.032
0.258
0.354
0.644
0.547
0.354
1.384
0.773
0.805
0.644
0.161
0.064
0.032
6.214
30
0.032
0.161
0.386
0.451
0.386
0.386
1.030
0.773
1.062
0.225
0.064
4.958
35
0.032
0.129
0.129
0.161
0.515
0.708
2.350
1.191
0.322
0.097
5.634
40
0.097
0.064
0.097
0.193
0.708
1.417
0.773
0.290
0.097
3.735
S
45
0.032
0.032
0.193
0.386
0.386
0.258
0.129
1.417
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.032
0.032
0.129
0.064
0.032
0.290
N
55
0.032
0.064
0.097
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.032
0.064
0.032
0.097
0.290
0.515
1.578
3.670
4.636
6.600
8.467
45.428
9.659
7.824
6.182
3.348
1.127
0.322
0.032
0.064
0.032
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
11.41
0.00
56.02
16.95
18.28
1.74
9.37
-1.91
-13.14
8.830
8.962
4.283
2.965
2.933
2.933
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
32.679
31.262
18.545
17.515
0.139
0.729
5.992
3,106
71
Power)
0.344
14.234
38.979
3.921
2.998
2.339
1.549
1.384
0.000
2.241
1.054
0.198
0.033
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.69
0.0387
0.1027
0.6832
62.33
22.76
7.47
4.83
2.61
0.000
0.033
0.000
0.000
0.132
0.000
0.000
A-34
-------
California 2000 Urban Local LOS A-C Driving (FC=19) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.004
6.268
0.417
0.438
0.249
0.054
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.001
7.448
5
0.004
0.006
0.019
0.206
1.126
2.094
2.595
2.530
2.033
2.877
2.170
0.505
0.080
0.015
0.010
0.006
0.001
0.001
0.001
16.279
10
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.021
0.200
1.062
1.583
1.208
0.952
1.115
1.431
2.353
1.689
0.537
0.110
0.025
0.006
0.003
0.001
0.003
0.001
12.309
15
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.080
0.417
1.199
1.458
1.583
1.407
1.870
2.387
3.134
1.463
0.309
0.075
0.012
0.001
0.003
0.001
15.413
20
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.054
0.307
0.786
1.522
1.674
1.797
3.665
3.442
2.294
0.798
0.189
0.028
0.006
0.001
16.576
25
0.001
0.012
0.040
0.148
0.378
0.801
1.243
2.085
6.903
3.461
0.909
0.280
0.090
0.014
0.004
16.370
30
0.001
0.004
0.003
0.014
0.052
0.144
0.305
0.512
1.191
4.746
1.562
0.349
0.108
0.032
0.004
0.001
9.028
35
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.017
0.064
0.113
0.185
0.475
1.684
0.608
0.167
0.036
0.010
3.363
40
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.012
0.061
0.090
0.229
0.573
0.280
0.075
0.019
0.001
1.351
S
45
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.023
0.037
0.108
0.365
0.163
0.033
0.006
0.744
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.007
0.023
0.090
0.340
0.080
0.006
0.001
0.548
N
55
0.001
0.004
0.059
0.260
0.033
0.358
60
0.014
0.113
0.004
0.131
65
0.003
0.077
0.080
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.004
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.040
0.220
1.167
3.859
7.001
8.654
11.009
30.508
15.901
12.634
6.819
1.726
0.318
0.069
0.021
0.012
0.007
0.001
0.006
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
16.88
0.00
64.65
18.23
21.25
1.44
12.45
-1.68
-11.82
13.559
14.082
12.044
8.005
3.494
1.819
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.448
50.708
20.859
20.985
0.201
0.714
2.902
72,405
1,690
Power)
0.827
16.582
8.990
5.647
4.754
4.320
2.688
1.438
0.000
1.259
0.371
0.076
0.018
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.85
0.0431
0.0890
1.0545
51.51
30.46
13.74
3.29
1.01
0.250
0.363
0.000
0.204
0.030
0.003
0.004
A-35
-------
California 2000 Urban Local LOS D-F Driving (FC=19) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
13.016
0.478
0.488
0.185
0.065
0.043
0.022
14.297
5
0.011
0.033
0.065
0.488
1.444
2.790
4.114
5.656
3.376
3.430
2.160
0.651
0.098
0.087
0.011
0.054
24.468
10
0.011
0.022
0.011
0.054
0.380
1.140
1.520
1.444
1.075
1.715
1.791
2.366
1.520
0.467
0.119
0.054
0.022
13.710
15
0.011
0.011
0.022
0.130
0.630
0.923
1.520
1.683
1.726
2.280
2.898
2.681
1.075
0.250
0.119
0.033
0.011
16.001
20
0.076
0.163
0.369
0.695
1.053
1.389
1.976
3.419
2.768
1.509
0.619
0.119
0.011
0.011
14.177
25
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.065
0.217
0.326
0.608
0.640
1.324
3.843
2.063
0.695
0.130
0.011
0.011
9.965
30
0.022
0.022
0.098
0.141
0.239
0.391
0.662
2.518
0.803
0.152
0.033
0.011
5.091
35
0.011
0.054
0.065
0.109
0.315
0.564
0.326
0.043
0.011
1.498
40
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.109
0.239
0.239
0.011
0.630
45
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.065
0.054
0.163
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.011
0.022
0.011
0.033
0.152
0.467
1.780
3.778
6.470
8.467
11.311
33.315
14.796
11.376
5.732
1.574
0.402
0.185
0.065
0.054
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
12.31
0.00
44.69
14.36
15.71
1.45
8.46
-1.79
-13.30
14.903
17.985
12.158
6.231
2.306
1.597
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
14.297
45.929
18.585
21.190
0.098
0.478
5.906
9,212
321
Power)
0.294
16.567
17.917
2.666
2.238
1.980
1.642
1.215
0.000
0.551
0.023
0.023
0.000
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.96
0.0336
0.0769
0.5874
56.26
30.24
10.70
2.31
0.48
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
A-36
-------
California 2000 Freeway On-Ramp Driving SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.006
6.388
0.216
0.152
0.146
0.076
0.017
0.029
0.006
7.035
5
0.041
0.105
0.280
0.682
2.046
5.729
2.361
0.979
0.985
0.565
0.286
0.076
0.023
0.006
0.012
0.006
14.181
10
0.006
0.006
0.017
0.029
0.099
0.221
0.443
0.437
0.758
2.157
0.968
0.490
0.589
0.478
0.245
0.146
0.058
0.023
0.012
0.012
0.006
7.198
15
0.006
0.012
0.017
0.029
0.047
0.122
0.233
0.356
0.420
0.612
0.927
1.008
0.863
0.629
0.478
0.221
0.099
0.041
0.023
0.006
0.006
6.155
20
0.006
0.012
0.029
0.076
0.105
0.210
0.356
0.530
0.624
1.078
1.014
0.944
0.804
0.612
0.192
0.099
0.012
0.006
0.006
6.714
25
0.006
0.012
0.041
0.111
0.221
0.391
0.542
0.810
1.760
1.609
1.125
1.043
0.595
0.233
0.076
0.012
8.585
30
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.029
0.064
0.198
0.309
0.501
0.868
1.906
2.075
1.486
0.868
0.606
0.262
0.017
9.215
35
0.006
0.006
0.017
0.052
0.047
0.274
0.530
0.915
1.760
1.958
1.708
0.927
0.670
0.169
0.029
0.006
9.075
40
0.012
0.006
0.017
0.006
0.047
0.105
0.431
0.933
1.929
2.419
1.597
0.898
0.565
0.122
0.012
0.006
9.104
S
45
0.017
0.012
0.105
0.251
0.431
1.480
2.541
1.644
0.781
0.338
0.047
0.006
7.653
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.006
0.006
0.064
0.111
0.408
1.451
2.728
1.230
0.460
0.105
0.006
6.575
N
55
0.006
0.006
0.070
0.361
1.166
1.859
0.898
0.204
0.023
0.006
4.599
60
0.006
0.006
0.017
0.105
0.764
0.903
0.356
0.064
0.006
2.226
65
0.006
0.070
0.560
0.367
0.087
0.006
1.096
70
0.017
0.332
0.099
0.017
0.466
75
0.041
0.012
0.052
80
0.023
0.023
0.047
85
0.023
0.023
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.012
0.012
0.041
0.047
0.111
0.262
0.618
1.311
2.687
4.529
8.958
29.475
22.160
13.575
8.405
5.117
1.795
0.583
0.163
0.064
0.035
0.017
0.006
0.006
0.012
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
26.99
0.00
83.44
29.03
29.04
1.71
13.21
-1.32
-12.86
7.691
12.729
3.927
2.902
2.064
3.673
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.035
52.393
30.757
9.815
0.188
0.419
0.692
17,157
683
Power)
7.656
6.871
8.334
5.445
2.841
3.260
3.557
3.606
0.000
8.183
5.967
4.097
3.114
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.20
0.1275
0.2037
2.0268
37.41
22.38
12.91
11.16
16.15
1.226
1.736
0.000
3.096
2.653
1.590
1.439
A-37
-------
California 2000 Freeway Off-Ramp Driving SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
17.910
0.258
0.030
0.005
0.005
18.208
5
0.005
0.035
0.154
0.597
1.074
2.088
3.345
1.814
1.287
1.143
0.467
0.080
0.060
0.010
0.015
0.005
12.179
10
0.005
0.040
0.189
0.661
0.592
0.437
0.502
0.641
0.537
0.621
0.621
0.507
0.129
0.030
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.005
5.538
15
0.010
0.020
0.154
0.418
0.587
0.517
0.467
0.408
0.592
0.681
0.746
0.641
0.303
0.109
0.035
0.010
0.010
5.707
20
0.005
0.010
0.050
0.209
0.343
0.621
0.641
0.587
0.547
0.388
0.507
0.785
0.587
0.333
0.055
0.015
5.682
25
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.050
0.174
0.348
0.656
0.825
0.815
0.775
1.024
0.731
0.696
0.492
0.174
0.040
0.015
0.010
6.855
30
0.005
0.005
0.030
0.045
0.144
0.333
0.636
0.840
0.885
1.123
1.675
0.860
0.621
0.229
0.070
0.030
0.005
7.536
35
0.005
0.005
0.025
0.089
0.308
0.656
0.915
0.949
1.133
1.437
0.860
0.388
0.114
0.055
0.005
6.944
40
0.010
0.015
0.085
0.244
0.522
0.905
1.183
1.586
1.705
0.631
0.214
0.045
7.143
S
45
0.015
0.015
0.050
0.129
0.373
0.716
1.307
1.884
1.725
0.398
0.174
0.030
6.815
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.010
0.005
0.020
0.094
0.323
0.606
1.104
2.043
1.740
0.373
0.104
0.020
6.442
N
55
0.005
0.005
0.050
0.169
0.403
0.731
1.596
0.910
0.214
0.025
0.005
0.005
4.116
60
0.010
0.025
0.060
0.189
0.457
1.004
1.282
0.179
0.010
0.005
3.221
65
0.005
0.005
0.035
0.075
0.085
0.542
1.491
0.099
2.336
70
0.015
0.035
0.169
0.964
1.183
75
0.030
0.065
0.094
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.015
0.040
0.085
0.234
0.984
2.520
5.453
7.834
10.116
15.430
36.894
8.142
5.702
3.927
1.914
0.447
0.164
0.045
0.035
0.005
0.005
0.005
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
25.07
0.00
74.71
30.64
32.82
1.42
11.98
-1.89
-14.15
5.489
6.111
3.318
2.397
1.672
2.042
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
18.209
40.274
12.487
29.030
0.207
0.495
1.457
20,117
678
Power)
-1.838
22.007
22.182
10.402
3.395
2.696
2.089
1.852
0.000
2.248
1.003
0.340
0.149
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.01
0.0341
0.1122
1.4116
69.57
17.46
6.71
3.70
2.56
5.695
2.120
0.000
1.831
0.700
0.206
0.057
A-38
-------
California 2000 Freeway-to-Freeway Transition Ramp Driving SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
2.852
0.055
2.907
5
0.014
0.069
0.332
2.727
7.309
3.156
0.554
0.014
0.028
0.014
14.217
10
0.014
0.069
0.028
0.208
0.969
2.395
0.941
0.166
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
4.845
15
0.014
0.055
0.249
0.568
1.274
0.623
0.194
0.069
0.014
0.028
0.014
3.101
20
0.014
0.014
0.055
0.166
0.457
0.664
0.457
0.180
0.028
0.042
0.028
0.028
2.132
25
0.014
0.028
0.014
0.028
0.042
0.208
0.484
0.595
0.568
0.166
0.042
0.014
0.028
2.229
30
0.042
0.042
0.055
0.263
0.554
0.540
0.609
0.401
0.055
0.014
2.575
35
0.014
0.028
0.028
0.042
0.069
0.318
0.568
1.260
0.983
0.194
0.125
0.014
3.641
40
0.014
0.069
0.069
0.111
0.208
0.706
1.647
1.232
0.291
0.069
0.014
4.430
S
45
0.055
0.069
0.138
0.415
1.190
3.378
1.495
0.388
0.083
7.212
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.014
0.014
0.083
0.097
0.484
2.063
5.274
2.353
0.540
0.069
0.014
11.005
N
55
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.166
0.512
2.173
5.939
2.173
0.401
0.042
0.014
11.503
60
0.014
0.014
0.111
0.305
2.076
6.160
1.717
0.277
0.055
0.014
10.742
65
0.014
0.042
0.125
1.343
5.717
1.495
0.249
0.014
0.014
9.012
70
0.014
0.055
1.024
5.191
0.872
0.138
0.014
0.014
0.014
7.337
75
0.014
0.457
2.326
0.235
3.032
80
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.055
85
0.028
0.028
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.014
0.014
0.028
0.028
0.083
0.291
0.484
1.066
3.848
17.373
52.547
18.978
4.153
0.692
0.194
0.083
0.069
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
41.14
0.00
83.05
42.38
40.43
0.69
12.32
-0.76
-11.09
8.086
13.145
1.478
0.455
0.242
0.284
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.907
76.744
9.579
10.770
0.442
0.644
0.315
7,224
187
Power)
6.477
3.297
4.633
4.562
2.203
2.956
2.544
2.942
0.000
4.064
1.648
0.625
0.199
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.16
0.0559
0.1134
3.1551
50.72
28.59
11.07
5.50
4.13
12.662
11.553
0.000
12.719
6.125
2.174
1.407
A-39
-------
Sacramento 2004 Diamond-Downgrade On-Ramp Driving (D-D) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
3.217
0.411
0.068
3.696
5
0.137
0.205
0.274
0.342
0.274
0.274
0.616
0.479
0.342
0.068
3.012
10
0.068
0.068
0.137
0.068
0.205
0.274
0.548
0.479
0.068
1.916
15
0.068
0.068
0.068
0.068
0.342
0.342
0.274
0.342
0.479
0.274
0.068
2.396
20
0.137
0.068
0.411
0.205
0.205
0.411
0.753
1.164
1.164
0.274
4.791
25
0.068
0.068
0.068
0.137
0.068
0.274
0.342
0.684
1.437
1.027
0.137
4.312
30
0.068
0.205
1.369
2.943
2.806
2.533
1.232
0.821
0.137
12.115
35
0.068
0.479
0.548
1.574
2.259
3.559
1.985
0.274
0.068
10.815
40
0.137
0.342
0.890
2.464
4.244
1.985
10.062
45
0.068
0.137
0.205
1.780
4.449
4.791
0.753
0.068
12.252
50
0.068
0.274
1.985
6.229
4.107
0.479
13.142
55
0.342
2.875
5.886
2.053
0.411
0.068
11.636
60
0.205
3.559
3.285
1.095
0.068
8.214
65
0.890
0.411
0.137
0.137
1.574
70
0.068
0.068
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.137
0.205
0.274
0.137
0.616
1.916
3.970
20.945
29.295
24.709
10.951
4.928
1.711
0.137
0.068
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
38.61
0.00
70.09
40.10
44.01
1.75
6.69
-1.24
-7.03
0.782
1.209
1.351
1.636
1.992
3.983
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.696
46.680
46.133
3.491
0.285
0.443
0.191
1,461
55
Power)
12.964
1.565
4.267
3.627
3.414
4.196
4.054
7.397
0.000
14.509
13.158
2.774
0.711
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.52
0.1701
0.2126
0.7618
19.99
17.86
20.05
21.90
20.19
2.703
6.259
0.000
7.539
6.899
3.272
2.703
A-40
-------
Sacramento 2004 Diamond-Level On-Ramp Driving (D-L) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
1.859
0.123
0.031
0.031
2.043
5
0.020
0.051
0.102
0.368
1.134
1.900
1.032
0.276
0.337
0.296
0.245
0.123
0.010
0.020
0.010
5.925
10
0.010
0.020
0.051
0.123
0.112
0.296
0.163
0.276
0.184
0.204
0.347
0.276
0.215
0.163
0.061
2.503
15
0.031
0.031
0.163
0.082
0.102
0.194
0.174
0.368
0.398
0.347
0.490
0.347
0.266
0.061
0.020
0.010
3.085
20
0.010
0.031
0.072
0.123
0.102
0.082
0.184
0.215
0.419
0.449
0.715
0.879
0.552
0.123
0.031
3.984
25
0.010
0.051
0.051
0.255
0.204
0.194
0.327
0.715
0.899
1.103
0.991
0.541
0.092
5.435
30
0.010
0.020
0.041
0.072
0.163
0.286
0.296
0.521
1.645
1.767
1.583
1.113
0.429
0.031
7.978
35
0.010
0.031
0.041
0.133
0.123
0.235
0.930
2.871
3.310
2.135
1.134
0.215
0.020
11.186
40
0.051
0.041
0.112
0.123
0.593
3.157
5.057
2.411
0.817
0.163
0.010
12.534
45
0.010
0.031
0.061
0.123
0.603
3.146
6.252
2.298
0.541
0.051
0.010
13.127
50
0.061
0.061
0.358
3.463
6.752
1.788
0.398
0.020
12.902
55
0.010
0.051
0.235
3.412
5.333
1.348
0.296
10.685
60
0.031
0.235
2.227
2.656
0.817
0.072
6.037
65
0.143
1.195
0.654
0.143
0.041
2.176
70
0.153
0.102
0.020
0.010
0.286
75
0.010
0.082
0.092
80
0.010
0.010
0.020
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.020
0.112
0.245
0.582
0.981
1.257
2.155
5.629
26.826
35.060
15.221
7.498
2.891
1.011
0.378
0.092
0.031
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
37.96
0.00
78.85
38.75
40.91
1.43
8.63
-1.30
-9.04
2.808
3.758
1.425
1.668
1.594
3.262
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.043
61.651
30.575
5.731
0.326
0.515
0.194
9,789
317
Power)
11.366
4.075
2.650
3.199
3.558
4.550
6.166
8.351
0.000
14.802
7.739
3.114
1.109
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.63
0.1498
0.2016
0.7697
25.69
18.53
22.66
16.95
16.17
1.468
4.878
0.000
8.119
6.408
3.167
2.133
A-41
-------
Sacramento 2004 Diamond-Upgrade On-Ramp Driving (D-U) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
4.685
0.175
4.860
5
0.044
0.175
0.657
0.701
1.751
0.657
0.394
0.569
0.394
0.306
0.131
0.044
5.823
10
0.088
0.044
0.219
0.306
0.088
0.044
0.219
0.219
0.263
0.525
0.219
0.175
0.131
2.539
15
0.044
0.088
0.175
0.175
0.219
0.088
0.219
0.394
0.569
1.095
0.438
0.306
0.131
3.940
20
0.044
0.044
0.044
0.219
0.438
0.219
0.175
0.525
0.701
1.138
1.489
1.138
0.175
0.044
6.392
25
0.131
0.088
0.394
0.394
0.482
0.306
1.007
1.970
2.583
0.832
0.044
8.231
30
0.044
0.044
0.219
0.263
0.306
0.657
1.708
2.145
3.678
1.708
0.350
11.121
35
0.044
0.088
0.219
0.482
0.963
1.226
4.335
4.159
0.919
0.131
12.566
40
0.044
0.263
0.701
2.758
5.035
4.028
0.525
13.354
S
45
0.569
4.159
5.298
3.327
0.044
13.398
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.394
2.715
4.116
2.320
0.044
9.588
N
55
0.131
1.970
2.496
1.357
5.954
60
0.175
1.051
0.701
0.131
2.058
65
0.044
0.131
0.175
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.044
0.088
0.088
0.394
0.919
1.883
2.846
5.123
23.161
27.408
23.292
9.238
3.809
1.051
0.482
0.175
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
32.89
0.00
65.58
34.57
38.78
1.73
7.30
-1.40
-7.71
2.134
3.087
1.498
2.134
2.542
5.765
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.860
49.825
38.879
6.436
0.258
0.470
0.096
2,284
81
Power)
12.519
4.494
5.720
2.587
1.680
3.904
4.630
5.311
0.000
16.841
17.976
6.037
1.089
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
5.26
0.1865
0.2618
0.6163
28.77
7.53
14.49
21.02
28.20
0.590
2.769
0.000
2.406
3.178
2.542
1.089
A-42
-------
Sacramento 2004 Loop-Downgrade On-Ramp Driving (L-D) SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
1.014
0.121
0.024
1.159
5
0.072
0.097
0.266
1.522
2.705
1.159
0.242
0.121
0.145
0.121
0.121
0.048
6.618
10
0.024
0.048
0.097
0.072
0.121
0.242
0.193
0.459
0.097
0.048
0.145
0.048
0.048
0.048
0.048
1.739
15
0.024
0.048
0.097
0.072
0.072
0.072
0.024
0.024
0.048
0.072
0.072
0.072
0.121
0.072
0.894
20
0.024
0.121
0.145
0.097
0.097
0.169
0.121
0.362
0.314
0.048
0.145
0.217
0.024
0.072
0.024
1.981
25
0.048
0.048
0.121
0.121
0.169
0.411
0.845
1.932
2.464
0.217
0.386
0.145
0.024
6.932
30
0.024
0.024
0.072
0.386
1.498
3.478
13.937
9.058
1.039
0.411
0.048
0.024
30.000
35
0.024
0.024
0.531
1.159
2.391
5.966
6.643
3.357
1.594
0.097
0.072
0.024
21.884
40
0.024
0.048
0.411
0.725
1.256
1.570
2.536
2.826
0.411
0.048
9.855
S
45
0.024
0.024
0.145
0.386
0.507
1.208
3.140
0.580
0.024
6.039
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.845
0.290
1.014
2.391
0.242
0.048
4.831
N
55
0.072
0.797
0.507
0.990
1.715
0.048
4.130
60
0.845
0.386
0.845
0.604
2.681
65
0.676
0.411
0.145
1.232
70
0.024
0.024
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.121
0.048
0.290
0.483
0.531
1.546
4.251
9.517
31.232
23.527
11.739
13.575
2.053
0.459
0.435
0.193
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
33.12
0.00
67.85
33.51
30.68
1.48
7.24
-1.25
-8.38
4.631
3.755
0.576
0.601
0.250
1.026
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.159
62.343
29.227
7.271
0.263
0.476
0.184
4,140
145
Power)
8.796
3.830
1.777
13.242
16.996
11.940
5.207
3.329
0.000
5.582
6.083
4.330
6.058
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.03
0.1412
0.2007
1.1262
29.64
35.31
6.88
6.09
22.08
0.100
2.503
0.000
0.651
0.826
1.076
5.632
A-43
-------
Sacramento 2004 Loop-Level On-Ramp Driving (L-L) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
1.103
0.044
1.147
5
0.044
0.176
0.221
1.720
6.661
1.809
0.265
0.441
0.221
0.088
0.088
11.734
10
0.088
0.176
0.265
0.132
0.485
1.412
0.309
0.309
0.221
0.132
0.088
0.044
0.044
3.705
15
0.044
0.044
0.221
0.044
0.221
0.265
0.353
0.353
0.088
0.265
0.309
0.088
2.294
20
0.044
0.044
0.221
0.088
0.221
0.265
1.147
0.662
0.309
0.485
0.088
0.044
0.044
3.661
25
0.044
0.044
0.088
0.044
0.265
0.221
0.794
1.191
1.676
0.573
0.176
0.176
0.132
5.426
30
0.044
0.044
0.044
0.088
0.926
1.588
8.161
5.249
0.838
0.221
0.221
0.044
0.044
17.512
35
0.044
0.221
1.147
2.250
7.190
4.940
2.867
0.662
0.132
0.044
0.088
19.585
40
0.044
0.176
0.573
0.662
1.985
1.853
2.117
1.412
0.132
0.044
8.999
45
0.088
0.221
0.485
4.235
1.456
1.367
1.632
0.176
0.044
0.044
9.749
50
0.044
0.044
0.088
2.161
1.147
1.191
1.412
0.132
6.220
55
0.088
0.132
1.279
1.853
0.926
0.618
4.896
60
0.044
0.132
1.191
1.632
0.353
0.176
3.529
65
1.147
0.353
0.044
1.544
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.044
0.044
0.044
0.176
0.265
0.926
1.367
4.102
8.778
39.215
23.335
11.248
7.719
1.720
0.485
0.397
0.132
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
32.36
0.00
66.71
32.74
31.14
1.27
6.93
-1.01
-8.55
5.073
10.824
1.812
0.906
0.951
1.495
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.147
68.064
23.688
7.102
0.345
0.640
0.147
2,267
59
Power)
7.733
4.755
1.495
9.149
11.685
9.692
6.159
5.027
0.000
6.703
4.891
2.808
3.442
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.41
0.1147
0.1783
1.1909
35.69
29.91
11.03
9.09
14.29
0.544
2.038
0.000
3.034
3.442
1.449
2.627
A-44
-------
Sacramento 2004 Loop-Upgrade On-Ramp Driving (L-U) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
5
0.210
0.210
0.210
0.629
10
0.419
0.419
0.839
15
0.210
0.419
0.419
0.419
1.468
20
0.210
0.419
0.419
0.629
1.887
0.629
4.193
25
0.629
1.887
7.128
5.451
2.096
0.210
17.400
30
1.048
5.451
13.836
9.015
4.822
1.048
35.220
35
0.210
1.258
2.725
5.870
3.983
4.403
2.725
21.174
40
0.839
1.258
0.839
2.516
2.725
0.210
8.386
45
1.048
1.258
0.210
1.677
2.096
0.419
6.709
50
1.048
0.419
1.258
0.210
2.935
55
0.839
0.210
1.048
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.419
3.145
12.369
32.075
20.755
18.239
11.740
1.258
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph) 31.90
Min Speed (mph) 0.00
Max Speed (mph) 55.85
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph) 31.90
Avg Cruise Speed (mph) 31.10
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec) 1.43
Max Acceleration (mph/sec) 4.11
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec) -0.81
Max Deceleration (mph/sec) -3.08
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
0.000
65.199
31.237
3.564
0.235
0.442
0.000
477
18
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb) 4.37
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb) 0.1648
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb) 0.2381
Max Specific Power (hp/lb) 0.7723
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb 30.82
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb 11.74
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb 24.74
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb 12.58
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb 20.13
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific Power) Statistics
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne) 11.234
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph,
Bin 12% (0-25 mph,
Bin 13% (0-25 mph,
Bin 14% (0-25 mph,
Bin 15% (0-25 mph,
Bin 16% (0-25 mph,
<0 kw/tonne)
0-3 kw/tonne)
3-6 kw/tonne)
6-9 kw/tonne)
9-12 kw/tonne)
>=12 kw/tonne)
0.654
1.089
1.961
3.704
2.614
1.743
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph,
<0 kw/tonne)
0-3 kw/tonne)
3-6 kw/tonne)
6-9 kw/tonne)
9-12 kw/tonne)
12-18 kw/tonne)
18-24 kw/tonne)
24-30 kw/tonne)
>=30 kw/tonne)
0.436
0.000
7.407
7.190
10.458
17.429
10.893
0.000
10.893
10.022
5.882
5.229
Bin 33 % (
Bin 35 % (
Bin 37 % (
Bin 38 % (
Bin 39 % (
Bin 40 % (
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
<6 kw/tonne)
6-12 kw/tonne)
12-18 kw/tonne)
18-24 kw/tonne)
24-30 kw/tonne)
>=30 kw/tonne)
O.OOi
1.30'
O.OOI
O.OOI
0.21i
0.21i
0.65'
A-45
-------
Sacramento 2004 Ramp-Metered On-Ramp Driving (MON) SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
2.564
0.450
0.069
0.069
3.153
5
0.069
0.243
0.450
1.871
6.480
11.920
5.301
1.040
0.832
0.728
0.554
0.658
0.139
0.069
0.035
30.388
10
0.069
0.104
0.347
0.347
0.658
1.143
0.520
1.005
0.347
0.243
0.243
0.312
0.277
0.416
0.416
6.445
15
0.035
0.035
0.139
0.139
0.416
0.520
0.416
0.485
0.347
0.554
0.277
0.243
0.277
0.277
0.520
0.450
0.173
0.035
5.336
20
0.035
0.069
0.139
0.312
0.416
0.520
0.450
0.520
0.243
0.312
0.243
0.520
0.901
0.832
0.173
0.243
0.035
5.960
25
0.069
0.243
0.312
0.554
0.866
0.658
0.485
0.658
0.520
1.213
1.455
0.693
0.104
0.035
7.866
30
0.035
0.035
0.069
0.069
0.312
0.450
0.728
1.074
1.629
3.812
1.525
1.490
1.490
0.277
0.035
13.028
35
0.035
0.104
0.069
0.312
0.450
0.485
1.559
2.911
1.802
1.351
1.005
0.173
0.035
10.291
40
0.069
0.104
0.243
0.277
0.589
1.836
1.490
0.970
0.554
0.139
0.069
6.341
S
45
0.035
0.069
0.173
0.728
1.525
1.386
0.970
0.312
0.035
5.232
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.069
0.069
0.173
0.866
0.901
0.728
0.208
3.015
N
55
0.035
0.035
0.104
0.520
0.485
0.520
1.698
60
0.035
0.901
0.277
0.035
1.247
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.104
0.208
0.450
0.970
2.010
3.084
4.435
6.791
12.890
29.383
15.003
9.390
7.346
3.465
1.767
1.802
0.762
0.104
0.035
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
21.32
0.00
61.97
22.02
21.19
1.83
8.63
-1.76
-9.04
14.129
15.931
1.837
1.554
1.696
5.299
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.153
53.950
24.809
18.087
0.311
0.875
1.346
2,886
55
Power)
3.122
14.518
5.616
6.605
4.698
4.168
2.331
3.038
0.000
6.217
4.698
2.225
1.024
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.63
0.0883
0.1688
0.7886
47.68
24.01
8.18
7.31
12.82
0.247
1.448
0.000
1.130
0.389
0.459
0.742
A-46
-------
Sacramento 2004 Non-Metered On-Ramp Driving (MOF) SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
1.877
0.086
0.006
0.017
1.985
5
0.011
0.017
0.074
0.097
0.268
0.856
0.297
0.148
0.268
0.200
0.154
0.023
2.413
10
0.011
0.017
0.063
0.057
0.091
0.125
0.291
0.137
0.171
0.285
0.257
0.165
0.063
0.006
1.740
15
0.017
0.057
0.029
0.040
0.108
0.097
0.228
0.314
0.285
0.462
0.302
0.143
0.023
2.105
20
0.011
0.029
0.040
0.051
0.068
0.154
0.194
0.513
0.513
0.627
0.747
0.479
0.097
0.006
3.531
25
0.006
0.006
0.011
0.040
0.103
0.097
0.205
0.525
1.158
1.523
0.913
0.890
0.439
0.068
5.983
30
0.006
0.017
0.011
0.068
0.177
0.548
1.397
5.481
4.312
1.814
0.856
0.348
0.034
0.006
15.075
35
0.006
0.011
0.017
0.034
0.188
0.610
1.363
3.913
4.620
3.091
1.289
0.171
0.034
0.017
15.366
40
0.017
0.023
0.057
0.240
0.633
2.481
4.073
3.006
1.523
0.188
0.006
0.006
12.252
45
0.006
0.023
0.034
0.086
0.433
2.869
4.637
2.464
1.329
0.200
0.011
0.011
1 2.1 04
50
0.006
0.029
0.040
0.245
2.818
4.894
1.928
1.015
0.091
0.011
11.077
55
0.034
0.194
2.692
4.078
1.369
0.684
0.017
9.069
60
0.023
0.183
1.882
2.105
0.804
0.211
5.208
65
0.080
1.055
0.559
0.131
0.034
1.859
70
0.097
0.057
0.011
0.006
0.171
75
0.006
0.046
0.051
80
0.006
0.006
0.011
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.006
0.029
0.097
0.217
0.416
0.821
2.236
5.738
28.223
32.255
16.769
9.617
2.692
0.724
0.143
0.017
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
38.06
0.00
78.85
38.83
39.59
1.44
6.93
-1.01
-7.71
1.325
2.271
1.224
1.449
1.360
2.507
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.985
61.220
32.712
4.084
0.299
0.471
0.065
17,532
620
Power)
11.944
2.105
2.259
5.848
7.444
7.078
6.510
7.214
0.000
13.139
9.331
3.938
2.673
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.53
0.1602
0.2118
1.1909
24.36
21.39
18.59
15.78
19.88
1.177
4.263
0.000
5.848
5.162
2.750
3.128
A-47
-------
APPENDIX B
Driving Population SAFDs, VSP Distributions and Summary Statistics
Without Road Grade Compensation
-------
California 2000 Rural Principal Arterial Interstate Driving (FC=01), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.019
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.032
5
0.001
0.006
0.019
0.048
0.087
0.059
0.032
0.031
0.006
0.001
0.291
10
0.003
0.005
0.017
0.027
0.023
0.024
0.038
0.029
0.034
0.010
0.004
0.214
15
0.006
0.019
0.019
0.014
0.020
0.066
0.040
0.032
0.048
0.008
0.001
0.274
20
0.004
0.006
0.023
0.018
0.010
0.013
0.020
0.010
0.036
0.033
0.009
0.004
0.001
0.187
25
0.003
0.004
0.008
0.024
0.018
0.023
0.038
0.022
0.038
0.014
0.009
0.005
0.001
0.207
30
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.009
0.003
0.011
0.020
0.028
0.014
0.004
0.006
0.001
0.115
35
0.003
0.008
0.011
0.004
0.005
0.003
0.040
0.027
0.010
0.005
0.006
0.121
40
0.005
0.015
0.006
0.013
0.020
0.032
0.028
0.011
0.008
0.003
0.142
S
45
0.003
0.001
0.010
0.018
0.018
0.037
0.080
0.040
0.010
0.005
0.001
0.223
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.004
0.020
0.025
0.045
0.125
0.113
0.048
0.010
0.003
0.001
0.395
N
55
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.017
0.064
0.116
0.310
0.204
0.057
0.011
0.784
60
0.001
0.005
0.003
0.025
0.068
0.292
1.884
0.469
0.085
0.013
0.003
0.001
2.849
65
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.025
0.083
0.904
6.634
1.062
0.105
0.010
0.003
0.001
0.003
8.837
70
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.005
0.023
0.098
1.773
23.003
1.948
0.129
0.019
0.006
0.001
0.001
27.016
75
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.011
0.041
0.119
2.045
28.027
2.030
0.112
0.018
0.015
0.003
0.001
32.431
80
0.001
0.003
0.001
0.004
0.005
0.024
0.094
1.383
15.593
1.303
0.084
0.009
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
18.512
85
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.011
0.031
0.579
4.915
0.504
0.015
0.005
0.003
0.001
6.072
90
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.010
0.127
0.866
0.112
0.004
1.124
95
0.014
0.140
0.006
0.161
100
0.001
0.005
0.005
0.001
0.013
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.017
0.054
0.117
0.317
0.718
7.444
81.828
8.099
0.932
0.311
0.099
0.040
0.005
0.006
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
72.84
0.00
104.72
72.87
73.41
0.34
8.37
-0.34
-15.94
0.198
0.292
0.124
0.084
0.092
0.074
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.032
82.793
8.825
8.350
21.742
17.909
0.003
78,441
73
Power)
17.342
0.776
0.040
0.088
0.055
0.050
0.064
0.092
0.000
0.185
0.094
0.051
0.047
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
47.91
0.0446
0.0890
2.3333
49.89
35.09
10.13
3.04
1.85
3.910
11.331
0.000
37.168
30.761
10.247
4.178
B-l
-------
ilifornia 2000 Rural Other Principal Arterial LOS A-C Driving (FC=02), No Grade Compensation SAFD (=12 kw/tonne)
55.04
0.00
98.36
56.59
59.29
0.63
9.33
-0.68
-13.87
0.859
0.791
0.561
0.434
0.437
0.850
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.735
76.306
10.721
10.239
4.333
4.724
0.092
34,009
120
Power)
9.891
4.420
2.995
1.918
1.381
2.024
1.892
1.431
0.000
2.154
0.891
0.425
0.313
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
14.56
0.0514
0.1038
2.1165
50.50
32.29
10.17
3.86
3.18
9.139
28.570
0.000
27.593
8.112
1.868
0.944
B-2
-------
alifomia 2000 Rural Other Principal Arterial LOS D-F Driving (FC=02), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
4.842
0.068
0.014
4.924
5
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.027
0.136
0.218
0.477
0.518
0.409
0.177
0.218
0.136
0.068
0.014
2.441
10
0.014
0.041
0.014
0.027
0.136
0.041
0.109
0.095
0.068
0.041
0.123
0.095
0.041
0.014
0.859
15
0.014
0.014
0.055
0.055
0.095
0.136
0.055
0.109
0.041
0.123
0.218
0.109
0.027
1.050
20
0.014
0.014
0.041
0.123
0.055
0.150
0.109
0.314
0.191
0.191
0.218
0.218
0.164
0.027
1.828
25
0.014
0.027
0.095
0.109
0.082
0.259
0.232
0.164
0.164
0.396
0.191
0.150
0.014
0.014
1.909
30
0.041
0.095
0.109
0.164
0.177
0.355
0.532
0.600
0.559
0.150
0.055
2.837
35
0.041
0.027
0.082
0.136
0.423
0.709
1.214
1.091
0.436
0.123
0.041
4.324
40
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.068
0.232
0.232
1.091
2.605
1.391
0.436
0.095
6.206
S
45
0.014
0.027
0.055
0.041
0.136
0.355
0.941
2.946
1.637
0.341
0.095
0.014
0.014
6.615
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.041
0.068
0.150
0.327
1.828
4.733
2.973
0.259
0.068
0.014
10.461
N
55
0.027
0.082
0.382
2.400
10.543
3.505
0.245
0.041
0.014
17.239
60
0.082
0.082
2.728
13.148
2.810
0.055
0.041
0.014
18.958
65
0.014
0.027
0.041
1.091
9.547
1.227
0.123
0.027
0.014
0.014
12.125
70
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.559
5.619
0.627
0.055
0.014
6.915
75
0.014
0.041
0.123
0.873
0.123
0.014
0.027
1.214
80
0.041
0.014
0.014
0.068
85
0.014
0.014
0.027
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.041
0.041
0.136
0.218
0.532
0.655
1.623
2.878
13.025
57.692
16.939
3.492
1.664
0.791
0.177
0.027
0.055
0.014
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
48.77
0.00
83.00
51.29
52.99
0.71
7.54
-0.79
-9.18
1.452
1.192
0.534
0.575
0.603
0.712
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.924
73.432
11.007
10.638
3.104
3.819
0.161
7,332
32
Power)
8.093
4.247
5.480
4.671
2.384
3.644
3.192
2.945
0.000
4.027
1.480
0.370
0.151
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
13.74
0.0600
0.1156
1.9395
48.12
28.91
14.61
5.17
3.19
12.452
20.589
0.000
21.151
6.096
1.233
0.822
B-3
-------
California 2000 Rural Minor Arterial Driving (FC=06), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.005
0.005
4.013
0.102
0.049
0.015
4.187
5
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.155
0.383
0.742
1.538
0.684
0.514
0.374
0.359
0.092
0.039
0.005
0.005
4.915
10
0.010
0.015
0.058
0.165
0.262
0.204
0.184
0.286
0.126
0.136
0.233
0.209
0.189
0.049
0.015
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.010
2.164
15
0.005
0.005
0.029
0.112
0.194
0.238
0.170
0.165
0.272
0.146
0.189
0.286
0.272
0.102
0.019
0.024
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.005
2.251
20
0.005
0.044
0.131
0.204
0.277
0.141
0.170
0.286
0.204
0.233
0.335
0.281
0.087
0.029
0.010
0.005
2.441
25
0.005
0.015
0.034
0.126
0.272
0.286
0.170
0.204
0.374
0.281
0.320
0.354
0.218
0.063
0.005
0.005
2.732
30
0.005
0.005
0.044
0.131
0.233
0.277
0.218
0.335
1.038
0.529
0.446
0.374
0.150
0.053
0.010
0.005
3.853
35
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.082
0.184
0.388
0.257
0.485
1.480
0.631
0.524
0.238
0.102
0.024
0.005
0.005
4.440
40
0.015
0.005
0.039
0.126
0.277
0.349
0.805
1.917
1.077
0.577
0.180
0.087
0.010
0.005
5.468
S
45
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.073
0.238
0.403
1.645
2.586
1.727
0.500
0.087
0.024
0.005
7.312
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.029
0.180
0.359
1.980
5.464
2.518
0.330
0.053
0.015
0.010
10.966
N
55
0.005
0.015
0.102
0.194
2.038
14.392
2.130
0.155
0.029
0.005
0.005
19.069
60
0.005
0.005
0.019
0.121
1.203
20.278
1.359
0.029
23.019
65
0.005
0.388
5.769
0.359
0.010
6.531
70
0.005
0.044
0.442
0.049
0.010
0.548
75
0.010
0.005
0.053
0.019
0.087
80
0.005
0.010
0.015
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.010
0.044
0.058
0.209
0.713
1.514
2.703
2.984
10.398
60.197
11.941
4.023
2.557
1.723
0.626
0.170
0.068
0.019
0.005
0.019
0.010
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
44.55
0.00
78.32
46.50
50.29
0.87
12.20
-0.87
-9.12
2.084
2.834
1.071
0.828
0.881
1.544
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.188
74.992
10.952
9.870
3.446
4.642
0.149
20,609
74
Power)
6.724
6.725
5.050
4.373
3.550
3.389
2.995
2.362
0.000
3.789
2.114
0.721
0.394
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
15.47
0.0555
0.1115
1.2703
50.17
30.90
10.19
4.57
4.17
9.486
28.688
0.000
14.439
1.992
0.487
0.205
B-4
-------
California 2000 Rural Major Collector Driving (FC=07), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.001
0.001
0.001
2.650
0.068
0.020
0.009
0.001
0.001
2.753
5
0.001
0.009
0.053
0.226
0.417
0.757
1.120
0.554
0.489
0.488
0.304
0.064
0.010
0.007
0.004
4.502
10
0.005
0.004
0.016
0.103
0.321
0.361
0.262
0.173
0.207
0.155
0.189
0.373
0.386
0.166
0.043
0.007
0.007
0.001
0.001
2.779
15
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.074
0.232
0.338
0.270
0.199
0.209
0.215
0.262
0.349
0.502
0.385
0.123
0.038
0.014
0.001
0.001
3.229
20
0.004
0.004
0.023
0.113
0.223
0.371
0.355
0.190
0.128
0.231
0.284
0.339
0.579
0.456
0.074
0.023
0.003
3.401
25
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.034
0.090
0.274
0.421
0.293
0.215
0.197
0.596
0.447
0.469
0.618
0.355
0.056
0.010
0.003
0.001
4.088
30
0.001
0.001
0.036
0.061
0.244
0.403
0.295
0.275
0.283
0.923
0.597
0.654
0.632
0.215
0.020
0.010
4.651
35
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.007
0.013
0.055
0.158
0.362
0.382
0.374
0.416
1.161
0.983
0.965
0.437
0.089
0.014
0.003
5.424
40
0.003
0.017
0.040
0.109
0.278
0.431
0.458
0.693
1.861
1.710
0.989
0.241
0.030
0.007
0.003
6.871
S
45
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.005
0.008
0.027
0.051
0.203
0.370
0.546
1.290
3.651
2.496
0.714
0.085
0.007
0.003
0.003
0.001
9.467
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.001
0.009
0.004
0.031
0.109
0.228
0.503
1.988
7.809
3.006
0.353
0.035
0.005
0.003
14.087
N
55
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.008
0.014
0.042
0.125
0.296
1.927
12.001
2.312
0.126
0.021
0.005
0.001
16.885
60
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.013
0.047
0.139
1.126
12.055
1.130
0.035
0.004
0.001
14.568
65
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.009
0.023
0.345
5.191
0.322
0.007
5.907
70
0.003
0.012
0.090
0.940
0.082
0.004
1.130
75
0.027
0.164
0.025
0.001
0.218
80
0.005
0.030
0.005
0.040
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.004
0.012
0.038
0.162
0.494
1.461
2.922
3.396
3.912
9.656
50.805
14.439
5.704
4.023
2.238
0.531
0.143
0.034
0.013
0.001
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
42.85
0.00
81.81
44.07
49.18
1.02
10.19
-1.24
-13.80
2.093
2.699
1.583
1.327
1.193
2.151
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.753
69.023
14.222
14.002
2.836
3.971
0.189
76,717
322
Power)
5.971
10.430
3.214
4.184
3.020
3.962
4.259
3.774
0.000
5.584
3.318
0.982
0.250
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
15.98
0.0671
0.1275
1.4474
47.38
28.36
12.40
6.40
5.45
8.832
21.515
0.000
12.846
2.229
0.381
0.175
B-5
-------
California 2000 Rural Minor Collector Driving (FC=08), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.003
0.005
2.265
0.107
0.059
0.041
0.013
0.003
0.003
2.498
5
0.003
0.010
0.059
0.260
0.485
0.824
0.906
0.645
0.653
0.681
0.253
0.077
0.010
0.003
0.003
4.870
10
0.005
0.003
0.026
0.128
0.344
0.454
0.360
0.168
0.181
0.181
0.278
0.569
0.475
0.191
0.046
0.008
0.005
0.003
0.003
3.426
15
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.099
0.283
0.472
0.365
0.258
0.232
0.237
0.286
0.370
0.671
0.472
0.151
0.043
0.005
0.005
3.965
20
0.008
0.023
0.115
0.276
0.490
0.513
0.301
0.270
0.342
0.408
0.556
0.765
0.526
0.079
0.018
0.008
4.697
25
0.003
0.003
0.013
0.033
0.084
0.291
0.546
0.546
0.367
0.441
1.074
0.730
0.740
0.783
0.431
0.054
0.015
6.154
30
0.003
0.005
0.013
0.102
0.296
0.513
0.459
0.426
0.661
1.916
0.947
0.941
0.735
0.237
0.038
0.005
0.003
7.299
35
0.005
0.008
0.018
0.077
0.217
0.452
0.531
0.436
0.770
2.271
1.309
1.143
0.549
0.079
0.023
0.005
0.003
7.893
40
0.003
0.005
0.015
0.033
0.102
0.355
0.485
0.648
1.199
3.100
1.949
1.105
0.227
0.033
0.015
9.274
45
0.008
0.031
0.074
0.163
0.406
0.661
1.595
4.832
2.602
0.755
0.099
0.020
0.005
0.003
11.253
50
0.005
0.003
0.010
0.028
0.077
0.242
0.482
1.990
6.677
2.531
0.337
0.043
0.005
0.003
12.432
55
0.003
0.003
0.020
0.036
0.122
0.327
1.561
10.526
1.717
0.094
0.028
0.010
14.448
60
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.028
0.143
0.645
6.314
0.625
0.048
0.018
0.003
7.837
65
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.003
0.026
0.245
2.021
0.189
0.026
0.018
0.003
2.541
70
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.010
0.110
0.497
0.128
0.010
0.005
0.773
75
0.003
0.003
0.031
0.036
0.242
0.066
0.003
0.010
0.003
0.395
80
0.015
0.048
0.133
0.041
0.005
0.242
85
0.003
0.003
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.023
0.043
0.130
0.584
1.732
3.523
4.424
4.977
10.802
43.536
14.460
7.123
5.243
2.559
0.638
0.148
0.028
0.015
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
38.90
0.00
82.79
39.90
45.29
1.18
11.52
-1.44
-12.17
2.616
2.786
1.987
1.774
1.723
2.673
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.498
64.288
16.690
16.524
1.729
2.667
0.290
39,197
245
Power)
4.754
12.847
3.124
6.267
5.235
5.797
5.414
4.264
0.000
6.285
3.779
0.960
0.331
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
11.52
0.0720
0.1379
1.5482
47.80
26.28
12.42
7.26
6.24
7.186
14.839
0.000
7.833
1.504
0.424
0.354
-------
California 2000 Rural Local Driving (FC=09), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.008
2.972
0.172
0.281
0.226
0.031
0.008
0.016
3.713
5
0.023
0.078
0.608
1.092
1.420
1.841
1.451
1.958
1.264
0.335
0.047
0.008
0.008
10.133
10
0.008
0.016
0.023
0.101
0.624
1.108
0.593
0.413
0.523
1.256
1.349
1.076
0.452
0.125
0.016
0.016
7.699
15
0.016
0.047
0.218
0.881
0.835
0.671
0.608
0.827
1.404
1.716
0.967
0.328
0.101
0.047
0.008
8.674
20
0.008
0.023
0.086
0.296
0.515
0.897
1.076
0.866
2.691
1.973
1.076
0.616
0.382
0.117
0.016
10.640
25
0.008
0.031
0.070
0.164
0.320
0.515
0.655
1.100
3.853
1.630
0.523
0.429
0.281
0.055
0.008
9.641
30
0.031
0.055
0.101
0.234
0.320
0.273
0.780
1.919
0.983
0.569
0.390
0.226
0.008
0.008
5.897
35
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.031
0.070
0.242
0.304
0.265
0.507
1.225
0.819
0.764
0.218
0.125
0.023
4.626
40
0.008
0.023
0.047
0.164
0.335
0.312
0.733
1.498
1.591
0.741
0.187
0.070
0.008
0.008
5.725
S
45
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.109
0.242
0.445
1.045
2.878
2.410
0.312
0.109
0.055
7.637
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.008
0.039
0.117
0.289
1.170
6.513
1.934
0.164
0.055
10.289
N
55
0.008
0.016
0.070
0.086
0.655
7.246
1.232
0.086
0.031
9.431
60
0.023
0.039
0.296
3.471
0.546
0.039
4.415
65
0.008
0.031
0.062
0.647
0.164
0.016
0.928
70
0.008
0.008
0.094
0.164
0.094
0.016
0.382
75
0.023
0.133
0.016
0.172
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.031
0.148
0.343
1.045
3.222
5.382
5.842
9.774
38.401
17.676
9.610
5.569
2.285
0.491
0.125
0.031
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
30.10
0.00
74.46
31.26
36.63
1.24
7.18
-1.49
-12.02
6.449
10.663
7.138
4.405
1.885
1.925
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.713
61.412
18.370
16.506
0.544
1.085
0.718
12,820
197
Power)
3.805
12.881
4.072
5.118
4.349
4.555
4.722
3.367
0.000
5.015
1.870
0.753
0.420
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.05
0.0622
0.1147
1.0580
45.80
31.20
13.64
5.55
3.80
3.937
10.394
0.000
4.516
1.070
0.285
0.214
B-7
-------
ifornia 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS A Driving (FC=11), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.395
0.018
0.006
0.002
0.420
5
0.010
0.024
0.060
0.192
0.301
0.202
0.083
0.060
0.020
0.010
0.002
0.002
0.966
10
0.008
0.022
0.044
0.028
0.117
0.165
0.103
0.060
0.024
0.018
0.014
0.002
0.002
0.605
15
0.006
0.014
0.028
0.046
0.046
0.117
0.155
0.125
0.085
0.036
0.024
0.002
0.682
20
0.002
0.004
0.012
0.024
0.056
0.052
0.099
0.135
0.117
0.069
0.060
0.014
0.002
0.645
25
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.024
0.063
0.089
0.103
0.155
0.159
0.121
0.065
0.010
0.002
0.805
30
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.050
0.089
0.190
0.391
0.258
0.137
0.058
0.008
0.002
1.212
35
0.002
0.006
0.022
0.044
0.107
0.163
0.230
0.240
0.121
0.077
0.004
0.002
1.017
40
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.044
0.050
0.091
0.202
0.206
0.294
0.117
0.069
0.002
1.085
S
45
0.002
0.008
0.032
0.050
0.133
0.367
0.690
0.569
0.202
0.042
0.002
0.002
0.002
2.100
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.030
0.077
0.194
0.706
1.771
1.275
0.254
0.020
0.004
4.340
N
55
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.075
0.234
1.287
5.218
1.880
0.272
0.022
0.006
0.002
9.028
60
0.002
0.002
0.014
0.067
0.216
2.172
10.692
2.612
0.226
0.022
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.002
16.042
65
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.014
0.042
0.184
2.392
16.067
2.896
0.161
0.014
0.012
0.008
0.002
21.799
70
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.008
0.022
0.123
2.198
18.291
2.158
0.077
0.012
0.006
0.002
22.902
75
0.004
0.004
0.022
0.048
1.144
10.395
1.170
0.054
0.014
0.002
0.004
0.004
12.864
80
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.016
0.335
2.309
0.256
0.010
0.002
0.002
2.941
85
0.002
0.002
0.050
0.405
0.030
0.002
0.002
0.492
90
0.010
0.044
0.054
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.010
0.032
0.091
0.313
0.734
1.712
11.845
68.014
14.362
2.055
0.597
0.137
0.054
0.012
0.010
0.006
0.002
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
62.08
0.00
90.33
62.34
62.83
0.50
8.62
-0.52
-10.73
0.809
0.953
0.374
0.232
0.132
0.142
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.421
76.386
11.986
11.208
2.389
2.309
0.027
50,419
364
Power)
12.545
1.848
0.565
1.480
0.757
0.769
0.809
0.799
0.000
1.235
0.537
0.238
0.064
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.70
0.0556
0.1071
1.9627
48.06
31.15
13.51
4.69
2.58
10.740
22.190
0.000
32.061
16.784
4.859
1.624
-------
ifomia 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS B Driving (FC=11), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.262
0.006
0.268
5
0.006
0.029
0.063
0.063
0.040
0.017
0.011
0.006
0.234
10
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.006
0.006
0.046
15
0.006
0.029
0.017
0.040
0.029
0.011
0.011
0.143
20
0.006
0.006
0.051
0.029
0.057
0.029
0.011
0.006
0.194
25
0.006
0.011
0.051
0.017
0.006
0.029
0.120
30
0.006
0.046
0.074
0.057
0.017
0.029
0.011
0.240
35
0.006
0.017
0.046
0.063
0.029
0.029
0.023
0.017
0.006
0.234
40
0.011
0.034
0.034
0.114
0.114
0.103
0.046
0.017
0.017
0.490
S
45
0.023
0.034
0.091
0.217
0.599
0.257
0.080
0.023
0.006
0.006
1.335
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.063
0.097
0.525
1.819
0.616
0.103
0.017
0.006
3.245
N
55
0.011
0.017
0.011
0.040
0.108
1.283
6.023
1.392
0.137
0.023
0.006
9.051
60
0.006
0.023
0.040
0.188
1.979
11.093
2.201
0.165
0.006
0.006
15.707
65
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.040
0.245
2.777
19.676
3.097
0.097
0.006
0.006
0.006
25.967
70
0.017
0.017
0.171
3.000
20.646
2.886
0.080
0.006
26.822
75
0.011
0.029
0.034
1.546
10.363
1.009
0.046
0.006
13.043
80
0.006
0.023
0.405
1.871
0.314
2.618
85
0.051
0.154
0.040
0.245
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.023
0.023
0.120
0.365
1.255
12.171
72.870
12.068
0.873
0.154
0.046
0.029
0.006
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
64.81
0.00
86.47
64.99
64.91
0.40
5.78
-0.44
-6.34
0.247
0.149
0.063
0.034
0.029
0.000
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.268
77.535
10.654
11.543
2.721
2.519
0.010
17,534
116
Power)
12.885
0.959
0.327
0.735
0.322
0.500
0.494
0.362
0.000
0.442
0.207
0.080
0.052
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.24
0.0479
0.0979
1.5836
51.05
30.84
12.62
3.74
1.76
12.338
26.082
0.000
33.735
16.632
4.685
1.527
B-9
-------
ifomia 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS C Driving (FC=11), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.004
0.074
0.007
0.085
5
0.004
0.004
0.022
0.067
0.081
0.044
0.015
0.007
0.004
0.007
0.255
10
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.019
0.004
0.011
0.004
0.022
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.089
15
0.007
0.004
0.015
0.007
0.022
0.052
0.011
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.130
20
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.011
0.019
0.067
0.007
0.007
0.130
25
0.007
0.007
0.019
0.011
0.063
0.126
0.030
0.026
0.007
0.004
0.300
30
0.011
0.019
0.019
0.048
0.070
0.067
0.052
0.007
0.007
0.004
0.304
35
0.007
0.030
0.019
0.056
0.100
0.107
0.048
0.015
0.011
0.004
0.396
40
0.007
0.022
0.030
0.078
0.141
0.348
0.107
0.030
0.022
0.785
S
45
0.004
0.007
0.026
0.052
0.096
0.285
0.485
0.211
0.089
0.011
0.004
1.270
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.004
0.007
0.030
0.048
0.137
0.881
2.407
0.977
0.096
0.026
0.004
0.004
0.004
4.625
N
55
0.007
0.004
0.015
0.063
0.326
1.766
6.946
2.473
0.133
0.041
0.011
0.007
0.004
0.007
11.804
60
0.007
0.011
0.015
0.081
0.307
2.355
11.152
2.881
0.185
0.041
0.007
0.004
0.004
17.051
65
0.011
0.033
0.059
0.230
2.625
15.755
2.747
0.200
0.044
0.007
0.011
21.723
70
0.015
0.033
0.056
0.118
2.651
23.767
2.540
0.122
0.041
0.004
29.347
75
0.011
0.007
0.026
0.037
1.052
8.412
0.789
0.007
0.011
0.015
0.011
0.004
10.382
80
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.015
0.126
0.915
0.093
0.022
0.007
0.007
1.203
85
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.037
0.037
0.015
0.011
0.111
90
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.011
95
100
TOTALS
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.022
0.122
0.259
0.518
1.507
12.274
70.805
13.059
0.974
0.289
0.067
0.041
0.030
0.015
0.004
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
63.76
0.00
91.73
63.81
63.77
0.42
7.51
-0.48
-8.65
0.213
0.265
0.064
0.022
0.015
0.019
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.085
78.140
10.486
11.289
2.071
1.949
0.011
27,008
231
Power)
12.477
1.430
0.134
1.005
0.556
0.642
0.560
0.422
0.000
0.448
0.172
0.075
0.052
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.03
0.0516
0.1011
2.2518
49.03
32.31
12.80
3.69
2.18
12.828
24.364
0.000
35.351
16.066
3.746
1.550
B-10
-------
ifomia 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS D Driving (FC=11), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.862
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.891
5
0.005
0.005
0.044
0.098
0.231
0.276
0.177
0.094
0.059
0.020
0.020
0.015
1.044
10
0.005
0.030
0.054
0.094
0.084
0.158
0.158
0.079
0.054
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.734
15
0.005
0.020
0.025
0.049
0.118
0.202
0.359
0.222
0.217
0.039
0.005
0.010
1.270
20
0.015
0.025
0.054
0.143
0.286
0.522
0.241
0.148
0.010
0.005
0.010
1.457
25
0.039
0.039
0.079
0.310
0.542
0.369
0.084
0.015
0.010
1.487
30
0.020
0.044
0.123
0.369
0.596
0.443
0.128
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.005
1.763
35
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.034
0.054
0.133
0.374
0.369
0.551
0.148
0.025
0.015
0.010
0.005
1.733
40
0.015
0.005
0.010
0.025
0.059
0.177
0.487
1.039
0.753
0.143
0.034
0.015
2.762
45
0.005
0.084
0.212
0.724
2.782
1.157
0.202
0.039
0.005
5.209
50
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.030
0.182
1.068
4.003
1.645
0.310
0.034
0.010
0.005
7.307
55
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.005
0.044
0.162
1.162
5.372
1.940
0.231
0.034
0.005
0.005
8.986
60
0.020
0.005
0.054
0.172
1.551
9.700
2.334
0.231
0.015
0.005
0.010
0.005
14.101
65
0.005
0.010
0.020
0.015
0.187
3.087
22.590
3.806
0.192
0.030
0.010
0.005
29.956
70
0.039
0.118
1.364
14.077
1.379
0.074
0.020
0.005
17.075
75
0.005
0.010
0.030
0.369
3.245
0.305
0.020
0.010
0.005
3.998
80
0.005
0.005
0.044
0.153
0.020
0.226
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.025
0.030
0.098
0.241
0.679
2.033
11.713
66.642
15.515
2.309
0.433
0.103
0.079
0.064
0.005
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
57.18
0.00
80.82
57.70
57.79
0.51
7.83
-0.53
-10.94
1.554
1.469
0.749
0.495
0.140
0.060
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.891
78.735
10.832
9.542
1.101
1.155
0.056
20,310
293
Power)
10.894
1.744
1.139
2.818
1.659
2.638
2.858
2.008
0.000
2.103
0.510
0.165
0.135
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.77
0.0545
0.1029
2.0615
47.10
32.76
13.82
3.92
2.40
10.022
22.686
0.000
29.685
11.545
2.813
1.009
B-ll
-------
ifomia 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS E Driving (FC=11), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.005
0.175
0.026
0.206
5
0.026
0.087
0.154
0.401
0.879
0.586
0.190
0.067
0.021
0.015
0.005
0.005
2.437
10
0.010
0.031
0.087
0.247
0.648
1.219
0.812
0.314
0.067
0.026
0.005
0.005
3.471
15
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.062
0.113
0.386
1.085
1.959
1.095
0.442
0.113
0.005
0.010
5.286
20
0.005
0.010
0.026
0.051
0.113
0.401
1.028
2.062
0.998
0.375
0.087
0.021
0.005
0.005
5.188
25
0.021
0.015
0.062
0.093
0.273
1.044
1.897
1.111
0.324
0.036
0.026
4.900
30
0.005
0.015
0.036
0.067
0.314
0.638
1.543
1.070
0.293
0.031
0.026
0.005
4.042
35
0.010
0.021
0.077
0.201
0.761
1.687
1.275
0.309
0.051
0.010
0.010
0.005
4.417
40
0.005
0.005
0.015
0.015
0.067
0.129
0.540
1.136
1.003
0.375
0.041
0.005
3.337
S
45
0.010
0.021
0.026
0.062
0.093
0.463
1.471
1.142
0.262
0.067
0.026
0.005
3.646
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.026
0.077
0.216
0.802
2.648
2.000
0.309
0.036
0.036
0.005
6.186
N
55
0.005
0.005
0.046
0.077
0.406
2.103
9.564
3.574
0.432
0.021
0.010
0.010
16.254
60
0.005
0.015
0.026
0.087
0.314
2.751
16.440
3.949
0.278
0.010
23.875
65
0.005
0.005
0.026
0.093
0.159
1.738
10.819
1.815
0.098
0.031
14.789
70
0.010
0.041
0.062
0.293
0.931
0.144
0.026
1.507
75
0.005
0.015
0.046
0.324
0.041
0.432
80
0.026
0.026
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.021
0.072
0.154
0.463
1.147
3.368
14.347
54.780
20.641
4.026
0.658
0.211
0.046
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.005
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
46.61
0.00
78.10
46.70
46.29
0.65
17.70
-0.71
-17.33
5.686
7.319
3.020
1.257
0.402
0.188
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.206
78.783
10.943
10.068
0.909
1.170
0.064
19,447
277
Power)
7.769
3.026
0.386
3.839
2.801
3.026
2.973
2.394
0.000
2.619
0.908
0.224
0.151
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.04
0.0575
0.1051
3.1457
45.27
32.77
14.75
4.63
2.58
11.116
20.762
0.000
19.504
6.067
1.664
0.668
B-12
-------
ifornia 2000 Urban Principal Arterial Interstate LOS F Driving (FC=11), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.007
0.011
2.467
0.092
0.007
0.002
2.585
5
0.009
0.007
0.063
0.186
0.787
3.153
7.437
3.851
1.061
0.321
0.070
0.020
0.024
0.007
16.996
10
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.011
0.046
0.074
0.286
0.894
2.644
5.581
2.965
0.969
0.300
0.083
0.026
0.022
0.002
0.002
13.912
15
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.022
0.048
0.103
0.247
0.862
2.266
4.645
2.583
1.091
0.245
0.074
0.022
0.011
0.004
0.007
0.002
12.246
20
0.002
0.004
0.011
0.015
0.046
0.092
0.212
0.783
2.036
3.969
2.644
0.905
0.203
0.052
0.017
0.011
0.002
11.006
25
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.009
0.033
0.039
0.103
0.232
0.612
2.018
4.085
2.690
0.770
0.122
0.035
0.011
0.007
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
10.783
30
0.002
0.011
0.007
0.015
0.044
0.061
0.164
0.553
1.513
3.464
2.311
0.595
0.101
0.015
0.011
0.002
0.002
8.872
35
0.002
0.002
0.009
0.007
0.028
0.050
0.142
0.381
1.211
2.528
1.962
0.400
0.066
0.033
0.015
0.002
6.838
40
0.002
0.002
0.007
0.013
0.017
0.046
0.125
0.289
0.800
2.106
1.612
0.230
0.037
0.017
0.007
0.002
0.002
5.314
S
45
0.004
0.007
0.013
0.031
0.090
0.227
0.573
1.975
1.292
0.129
0.024
0.007
0.011
4.382
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.017
0.022
0.048
0.133
0.553
1.784
1.058
0.092
0.011
0.002
0.004
3.735
N
55
0.002
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.013
0.046
0.079
0.286
1.032
0.485
0.046
0.002
2.005
60
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.026
0.037
0.140
0.450
0.188
0.013
0.868
65
0.002
0.009
0.024
0.083
0.227
0.052
0.398
70
0.028
0.024
0.007
0.059
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.022
0.037
0.063
0.136
0.313
0.663
1.813
5.668
17.317
41.774
23.792
6.307
1.432
0.389
0.144
0.081
0.017
0.013
0.007
0.002
0.004
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
21.74
0.00
70.60
22.32
22.40
0.86
13.48
-0.95
-13.28
17.237
25.392
7.720
3.021
0.987
0.507
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.585
79.816
8.636
8.964
1.866
5.150
0.829
45,729
148
Power)
2.132
5.116
4.458
6.827
4.928
5.695
5.213
3.736
0.000
3.416
0.575
0.145
0.136
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
12.20
0.0395
0.0739
1.7925
46.54
39.12
10.50
2.84
1.00
1.384
1.654
0.000
1.233
0.483
0.108
0.029
B-13
-------
amia 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS A Driving (FC=12), No Grade Compensation SAFI
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.001
5.566
0.060
0.008
0.002
0.002
5.640
5
0.001
0.005
0.017
0.077
0.246
0.650
1.540
0.547
0.220
0.187
0.120
0.032
0.009
0.005
0.001
3.657
10
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.008
0.022
0.079
0.134
0.109
0.150
0.157
0.106
0.061
0.074
0.092
0.063
0.017
0.007
0.001
0.001
1.086
15
0.003
0.002
0.011
0.040
0.102
0.094
0.102
0.085
0.090
0.124
0.081
0.116
0.098
0.037
0.014
0.002
0.001
0.001
1.004
20
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.006
0.015
0.053
0.096
0.121
0.124
0.129
0.145
0.199
0.173
0.159
0.084
0.017
0.003
1.329
25
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.014
0.063
0.094
0.128
0.150
0.184
0.295
0.322
0.222
0.192
0.047
0.009
0.003
0.001
0.001
1.734
30
0.002
0.006
0.016
0.047
0.081
0.180
0.172
0.276
0.451
0.401
0.324
0.135
0.038
0.005
0.003
0.001
2.138
35
0.002
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.015
0.039
0.093
0.128
0.244
0.439
0.800
0.696
0.317
0.120
0.022
0.006
0.001
0.001
2.929
40
0.003
0.001
0.007
0.038
0.050
0.140
0.279
0.558
1.423
0.981
0.278
0.077
0.023
0.008
3.867
S
45
0.002
0.003
0.021
0.049
0.093
0.251
0.852
2.542
1.201
0.226
0.058
0.014
0.002
5.314
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.008
0.031
0.079
0.211
0.841
2.615
1.151
0.199
0.044
0.014
0.005
5.205
N
55
0.001
0.002
0.008
0.011
0.070
0.174
0.979
3.166
1.205
0.195
0.023
0.007
0.002
0.001
5.845
60
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.015
0.047
0.174
1.277
7.400
1.561
0.176
0.013
0.005
0.001
10.677
65
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.007
0.029
0.136
1.624
14.400
1.723
0.117
0.014
0.005
18.059
70
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.022
0.073
1.580
16.971
1.470
0.057
0.010
0.003
0.002
0.003
20.197
75
0.001
0.002
0.013
0.032
0.752
7.711
0.672
0.031
0.006
0.001
9.222
80
0.002
0.003
0.009
0.174
1.531
0.135
0.002
0.003
1.861
85
0.001
0.031
0.160
0.032
0.001
0.226
90
0.010
0.010
95
100
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.007
0.017
0.030
0.100
0.350
0.733
1.358
2.486
10.581
66.976
12.587
2.689
1.233
0.573
0.187
0.055
0.018
0.007
0.002
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
53.35
0.00
88.19
56.54
58.22
0.60
11.05
-0.65
-13.97
1.628
1.812
0.655
0.457
0.372
0.566
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
5.640
73.486
10.346
10.528
2.508
2.821
0.145
87,328
516
Power)
10.085
3.650
6.696
2.966
1.958
2.509
2.674
2.190
0.000
2.378
0.896
0.274
0.164
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
8.46
0.0500
0.1017
2.2034
50.85
31.13
11.16
4.28
2.59
7.575
16.871
0.000
28.010
11.761
2.848
1.091
B-14
-------
arnia 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS B Driving (FC=12), No Grade Compensation SAFI
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.033
0.033
5
0.005
0.003
0.024
0.041
0.038
0.008
0.003
0.122
10
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.041
0.057
0.038
0.011
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.169
15
0.005
0.003
0.008
0.011
0.041
0.101
0.060
0.014
0.003
0.003
0.248
20
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.014
0.014
0.044
0.144
0.046
0.019
0.003
0.003
0.297
25
0.011
0.005
0.014
0.022
0.035
0.016
0.011
0.005
0.120
30
0.005
0.005
0.008
0.005
0.008
0.024
0.046
0.024
0.003
0.003
0.133
35
0.003
0.014
0.014
0.016
0.016
0.033
0.052
0.033
0.005
0.003
0.188
40
0.008
0.005
0.022
0.019
0.046
0.101
0.139
0.101
0.063
0.008
0.003
0.003
0.517
45
0.008
0.005
0.022
0.014
0.090
0.147
0.269
0.169
0.073
0.019
0.816
50
0.003
0.003
0.011
0.019
0.035
0.109
0.397
0.890
0.433
0.076
0.024
0.003
0.003
2.005
55
0.005
0.014
0.030
0.071
0.169
1.116
3.967
1.083
0.133
0.022
0.003
6.612
60
0.008
0.030
0.057
0.239
1.986
10.072
2.079
0.185
0.033
0.003
14.692
65
0.008
0.011
0.041
0.269
3.205
24.650
3.243
0.139
0.019
0.005
31.591
70
0.005
0.014
0.019
0.150
2.634
22.308
2.457
0.068
0.005
0.003
27.662
75
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.030
1.167
10.402
0.977
0.016
0.005
0.003
12.614
80
0.003
0.008
0.220
1.744
0.147
0.003
0.003
2.128
85
0.005
0.003
0.044
0.003
0.054
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.041
0.082
0.188
0.324
1.173
11.188
74.974
10.965
0.854
0.152
0.019
0.022
0.005
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
65.42
0.00
85.06
65.44
65.57
0.38
9.70
-0.43
-13.14
0.235
0.421
0.109
0.038
0.008
0.022
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.033
78.974
9.964
11.030
3.339
3.063
0.002
36,754
200
Power)
13.009
1.010
0.044
0.531
0.233
0.208
0.268
0.249
0.000
0.326
0.186
0.025
0.038
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
8.36
0.0455
0.0923
2.7926
50.70
32.74
11.52
3.47
1.57
10.844
25.141
0.000
37.958
16.576
4.388
1.144
B-15
-------
arnia 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS C Driving (FC=12), No Grade Compensation SAFI
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.085
0.003
0.088
5
0.003
0.006
0.024
0.052
0.043
0.021
0.003
0.012
0.003
0.003
0.171
10
0.006
0.003
0.006
0.018
0.018
0.052
0.031
0.021
0.018
0.012
0.186
15
0.003
0.006
0.015
0.012
0.018
0.040
0.049
0.027
0.012
0.015
0.006
0.204
20
0.003
0.006
0.003
0.024
0.015
0.018
0.082
0.052
0.064
0.037
0.009
0.003
0.317
25
0.009
0.027
0.012
0.043
0.073
0.049
0.085
0.037
0.012
0.348
30
0.009
0.006
0.009
0.021
0.043
0.024
0.110
0.159
0.082
0.052
0.003
0.519
35
0.015
0.034
0.037
0.058
0.113
0.171
0.088
0.043
0.021
0.003
0.003
0.586
40
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.018
0.027
0.067
0.076
0.226
0.378
0.204
0.064
0.012
0.003
0.003
1.092
S
45
0.012
0.021
0.037
0.064
0.131
0.308
0.671
0.452
0.052
0.003
0.003
0.003
1.757
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.006
0.006
0.031
0.058
0.070
0.180
0.668
2.359
0.921
0.110
0.027
0.006
0.003
0.003
4.449
N
55
0.003
0.015
0.018
0.027
0.107
0.268
1.461
5.620
1.657
0.217
0.027
0.009
0.003
9.434
60
0.003
0.012
0.009
0.040
0.064
0.296
2.554
13.208
2.834
0.207
0.037
0.006
0.003
0.003
0.003
19.280
65
0.003
0.012
0.006
0.015
0.031
0.052
0.253
3.109
20.946
3.082
0.235
0.052
0.012
0.003
27.811
70
0.009
0.009
0.012
0.018
0.064
0.168
2.377
19.896
2.468
0.131
0.021
0.006
0.006
0.003
0.003
25.193
75
0.015
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.015
0.037
0.070
0.802
5.422
0.729
0.034
0.009
0.015
0.003
7.164
80
0.003
0.003
0.012
0.024
0.131
0.818
0.131
0.018
0.006
0.003
1.150
85
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.034
0.119
0.049
0.006
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.235
90
0.003
0.003
0.006
95
0.003
0.003
0.006
100
0.003
0.003
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.006
0.046
0.027
0.101
0.174
0.384
0.686
1.681
12.195
70.078
12.921
1.275
0.281
0.076
0.027
0.006
0.012
0.006
0.003
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
62.98
0.00
97.70
63.04
63.02
0.43
12.12
-0.53
-11.00
0.360
0.203
0.129
0.080
0.058
0.019
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.089
76.802
10.987
12.122
2.180
2.077
0.009
32,775
263
Power)
11.884
2.095
0.108
1.147
0.686
0.797
0.815
0.692
0.000
0.818
0.218
0.046
0.037
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.38
0.0512
0.1028
4.3445
50.23
31.21
12.63
3.69
2.24
12.617
26.129
0.000
33.815
13.841
3.642
1.649
B-16
-------
arnia 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS D Driving (FC=12), No Grade Compensation SAFI
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.007
1.445
0.020
0.007
0.003
1.482
5
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.044
0.141
0.363
0.676
0.410
0.101
0.074
0.044
0.013
1.882
10
0.007
0.013
0.007
0.024
0.040
0.175
0.259
0.460
0.410
0.097
0.013
0.024
0.030
0.003
0.003
0.003
1.570
15
0.010
0.007
0.020
0.024
0.054
0.202
0.360
0.860
0.356
0.141
0.030
0.020
0.027
0.003
2.114
20
0.003
0.007
0.003
0.010
0.040
0.081
0.155
0.333
0.528
0.343
0.158
0.040
0.020
0.010
1.731
25
0.003
0.017
0.007
0.017
0.044
0.108
0.188
0.333
0.629
0.524
0.245
0.057
0.013
0.007
0.003
2.195
30
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.020
0.050
0.108
0.222
0.635
1.133
0.790
0.255
0.057
0.010
0.003
3.301
35
0.003
0.007
0.013
0.034
0.044
0.091
0.319
0.803
1.721
1.166
0.299
0.067
0.027
0.013
4.608
40
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.007
0.024
0.047
0.057
0.094
0.346
0.800
2.148
1.328
0.306
0.057
0.020
0.010
0.007
5.260
S
45
0.003
0.010
0.027
0.091
0.128
0.343
1.035
3.119
1.593
0.306
0.064
0.024
0.007
0.007
6.756
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.010
0.017
0.037
0.145
0.356
1.546
4.561
2.568
0.296
0.074
0.013
0.007
0.003
9.650
N
55
0.003
0.003
0.010
0.010
0.020
0.037
0.118
0.303
2.023
8.104
2.894
0.316
0.050
0.017
0.003
0.003
0.003
13.919
60
0.003
0.003
0.013
0.024
0.081
0.218
2.255
12.285
2.968
0.266
0.030
0.010
18.157
65
0.003
0.007
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.044
0.138
2.020
12.107
2.561
0.134
0.020
0.010
0.003
17.065
70
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.007
0.047
0.827
7.919
0.844
0.047
0.010
9.711
75
0.003
0.007
0.067
0.403
0.067
0.013
0.003
0.565
80
0.013
0.017
0.003
0.034
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.007
0.003
0.010
0.017
0.017
0.087
0.114
0.239
0.491
1.153
3.153
13.673
58.116
18.846
2.988
0.652
0.252
0.131
0.020
0.003
0.007
0.010
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
50.90
0.00
79.27
51.67
51.57
0.61
10.82
-0.70
-13.60
2.432
2.905
0.969
0.510
0.191
0.184
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.482
77.544
10.501
10.474
1.195
1.409
0.062
29,751
352
Power)
8.557
3.310
1.799
4.646
3.340
4.208
4.102
3.153
0.000
3.140
0.993
0.245
0.214
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.88
0.0578
0.1108
2.2659
47.89
30.25
14.12
4.93
2.81
11.650
19.759
0.000
21.599
7.677
2.048
0.925
B-17
-------
arnia 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS E Driving (FC=12), No Grade Compensation SAFI
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.187
0.005
0.005
0.197
5
0.010
0.015
0.076
0.177
0.631
0.994
0.626
0.283
0.071
0.005
0.005
0.005
2.896
10
0.005
0.005
0.010
0.071
0.141
0.298
0.636
0.843
0.595
0.353
0.141
0.030
0.010
0.005
0.005
3.148
15
0.020
0.040
0.081
0.161
0.399
0.787
1.297
0.928
0.399
0.131
0.030
0.005
0.005
0.005
4.288
20
0.005
0.010
0.005
0.020
0.045
0.081
0.242
0.363
1.281
2.396
1.544
0.600
0.076
0.025
0.005
0.005
6.705
25
0.005
0.005
0.020
0.040
0.096
0.177
0.525
1.645
2.835
1.821
0.535
0.091
0.010
0.005
7.810
30
0.005
0.025
0.045
0.050
0.166
0.494
1.609
3.163
2.124
0.469
0.055
0.010
8.219
35
0.015
0.015
0.020
0.020
0.166
0.388
1.201
3.113
2.190
0.434
0.061
0.005
7.628
40
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.005
0.050
0.111
0.257
0.933
2.704
2.063
0.348
0.050
0.005
0.005
0.005
6.569
S
45
0.010
0.025
0.020
0.040
0.061
0.212
0.711
2.588
1.902
0.298
0.025
0.015
5.908
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.040
0.131
0.277
0.893
3.799
2.074
0.368
0.040
0.005
7.659
N
55
0.005
0.005
0.020
0.040
0.096
0.323
1.927
6.110
2.487
0.358
0.076
0.005
11.453
60
0.005
0.005
0.020
0.045
0.247
2.200
8.718
2.704
0.222
0.050
0.005
0.010
14.232
65
0.005
0.015
0.035
0.116
1.226
6.644
1.307
0.076
0.020
0.005
0.005
9.455
70
0.005
0.020
0.040
0.378
2.714
0.267
0.015
0.005
3.446
75
0.005
0.045
0.277
0.030
0.358
80
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.030
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.030
0.050
0.166
0.283
0.621
1.630
4.122
16.119
48.393
22.673
4.763
0.893
0.146
0.040
0.035
0.020
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
42.33
0.00
79.39
42.41
42.14
0.71
7.27
-0.84
-10.93
6.300
6.561
3.401
1.718
0.629
0.215
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.197
78.815
10.206
10.782
0.876
1.242
0.077
19,821
266
Power)
6.423
4.337
0.378
6.786
5.339
5.993
5.395
4.521
0.000
4.383
0.823
0.246
0.082
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.31
0.0579
0.1067
1.7083
45.77
31.66
15.42
4.69
2.46
9.338
13.163
0.000
13.526
4.720
1.417
0.731
B-18
-------
ornia 2000 Urban Prin Art Other Fwys & Expwys LOS F Driving (FC=12), No Grade Compensation SAFI
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.003
3.567
0.125
0.005
0.005
0.003
3.709
5
0.011
0.027
0.041
0.218
0.812
3.290
9.354
3.989
1.400
0.368
0.090
0.033
0.014
0.003
0.008
19.656
10
0.005
0.022
0.046
0.131
0.343
0.831
2.353
5.520
2.903
1.114
0.373
0.079
0.027
0.008
0.003
0.003
13.760
15
0.003
0.008
0.019
0.052
0.139
0.305
0.880
2.511
5.504
3.208
1.122
0.332
0.071
0.030
0.003
0.005
0.003
0.003
14.196
20
0.005
0.008
0.025
0.054
0.098
0.300
0.713
2.271
4.371
2.990
0.929
0.245
0.038
0.019
0.003
12.069
25
0.008
0.005
0.016
0.117
0.245
0.517
1.661
3.690
2.489
0.866
0.136
0.030
0.005
0.003
9.790
30
0.003
0.003
0.011
0.005
0.014
0.079
0.163
0.422
1.465
3.287
2.421
0.618
0.082
0.027
0.005
0.003
8.608
35
0.003
0.005
0.008
0.008
0.014
0.033
0.133
0.340
0.812
2.157
1.582
0.406
0.038
0.016
0.003
5.558
40
0.005
0.003
0.016
0.022
0.074
0.261
0.626
1.310
1.261
0.240
0.033
0.003
0.003
3.856
45
0.005
0.005
0.016
0.027
0.044
0.144
0.449
1.348
1.018
0.163
0.027
0.005
0.003
3.257
50
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.022
0.057
0.068
0.327
1.348
0.629
0.090
0.014
0.008
0.003
2.576
55
0.005
0.003
0.022
0.022
0.046
0.231
0.678
0.411
0.057
0.016
0.005
1.498
60
0.003
0.016
0.025
0.016
0.144
0.389
0.261
0.016
0.005
0.877
65
0.005
0.030
0.084
0.291
0.079
0.005
0.496
70
0.005
0.027
0.052
0.011
0.095
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.003
0.003
0.035
0.052
0.106
0.264
0.746
1.933
5.087
16.255
42.865
23.378
7.031
1.675
0.376
0.128
0.027
0.019
0.011
0.003
0.003
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
19.67
0.00
72.42
20.43
20.33
0.87
10.14
-0.93
-10.47
17.568
28.076
8.657
3.117
1.148
0.489
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.709
78.196
9.610
8.485
1.338
4.080
1.126
36,722
150
Power)
2.026
4.979
6.163
5.515
4.192
4.946
4.378
3.311
0.000
2.866
0.599
0.140
0.085
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
9.29
0.0379
0.0703
1.2901
46.04
40.24
10.08
2.74
0.91
0.995
1.118
0.000
0.913
0.561
0.101
0.082
B-19
-------
alifornia 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS A Driving (FC=14), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.000
0.001
0.003
17.545
0.274
0.064
0.013
0.007
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.001
17.914
5
0.002
0.007
0.011
0.099
0.445
0.994
1.575
2.121
1.166
0.946
0.948
0.612
0.154
0.030
0.015
0.009
0.002
0.002
0.000
0.000
9.140
10
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.004
0.007
0.020
0.112
0.384
0.553
0.431
0.261
0.311
0.275
0.359
0.519
0.501
0.219
0.053
0.021
0.007
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
4.046
15
0.001
0.006
0.017
0.054
0.212
0.440
0.512
0.430
0.383
0.490
0.559
0.683
0.659
0.377
0.133
0.040
0.009
0.003
0.001
5.010
20
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.020
0.072
0.206
0.444
0.580
0.518
0.503
0.751
0.823
0.876
0.752
0.294
0.087
0.014
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.000
5.962
25
0.000
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.018
0.059
0.196
0.388
0.573
0.649
0.758
1.275
1.225
1.025
0.619
0.198
0.043
0.010
0.003
0.002
0.000
7.053
30
0.002
0.008
0.014
0.035
0.123
0.292
0.550
0.704
1.098
2.630
1.799
1.004
0.383
0.101
0.020
0.003
0.000
8.765
35
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.024
0.076
0.187
0.391
0.700
1.498
4.053
2.321
0.742
0.215
0.035
0.014
0.001
0.001
10.275
40
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.006
0.013
0.035
0.107
0.243
0.532
1.609
5.070
2.197
0.482
0.102
0.013
0.008
0.000
10.419
S
45
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.004
0.020
0.058
0.119
0.309
1.412
4.765
1.650
0.237
0.035
0.007
0.004
0.000
0.000
8.627
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.000
0.002
0.007
0.014
0.060
0.156
0.816
3.003
0.912
0.097
0.010
0.004
0.000
5.082
N
55
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.006
0.016
0.063
0.438
2.068
0.446
0.041
0.007
0.002
3.090
60
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.004
0.020
0.231
2.343
0.208
0.015
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
2.829
65
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.006
0.090
0.883
0.106
0.009
0.003
0.000
1.101
70
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.052
0.427
0.057
0.004
0.001
0.548
75
0.000
0.010
0.112
0.007
0.001
0.000
0.132
80
0.001
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.006
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.005
0.005
0.009
0.039
0.100
0.292
1.001
2.423
4.049
5.517
10.737
47.852
14.024
6.585
4.270
2.151
0.687
0.154
0.056
0.026
0.008
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
25.78
0.00
81.47
31.41
36.02
1.23
17.32
-1.34
-16.62
4.607
4.385
2.958
2.554
1.923
2.205
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
17.914
54.030
14.231
13.826
0.969
2.256
1.216
204,543
1,511
Power)
2.718
10.489
20.576
7.641
6.563
7.964
6.913
4.708
0.000
4.667
1.507
0.379
0.135
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.88
0.0508
0.1137
1.8154
55.30
24.92
11.43
5.46
2.89
2.227
4.309
0.000
2.464
0.592
0.154
0.082
B-20
-------
alifornia 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS B Driving (FC=14), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.012
3.307
0.146
0.037
3.503
5
0.049
0.024
0.220
0.366
0.464
0.635
0.415
0.403
0.415
0.232
0.110
0.037
0.012
0.012
3.393
10
0.049
0.110
0.146
0.281
0.122
0.085
0.134
0.195
0.085
0.220
0.195
0.110
0.110
0.037
0.012
1.892
15
0.061
0.024
0.134
0.232
0.268
0.330
0.354
0.464
0.342
0.427
0.391
0.183
0.146
0.037
0.012
3.405
20
0.024
0.012
0.073
0.073
0.488
0.378
0.342
0.427
0.403
0.464
0.610
0.561
0.330
0.146
0.012
0.012
4.357
25
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.037
0.085
0.207
0.342
0.696
0.488
0.659
1.306
1.196
1.135
0.757
0.268
0.049
0.012
7.274
30
0.012
0.024
0.073
0.171
0.427
0.635
1.001
1.513
3.661
3.381
1.648
0.500
0.134
0.049
13.229
35
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.122
0.256
0.769
1.184
3.039
7.762
5.126
1.391
0.159
0.024
0.024
19.893
40
0.012
0.012
0.024
0.171
0.415
0.866
2.502
9.434
3.454
0.866
0.146
0.024
17.928
S
45
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.098
0.183
0.391
1.538
5.004
1.770
0.378
0.098
9.495
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.012
0.012
0.037
0.122
0.183
0.744
2.392
0.879
0.232
0.049
4.662
N
55
0.012
0.012
0.061
0.696
1.635
0.500
0.061
0.049
3.027
60
0.012
0.122
0.378
0.647
0.195
0.037
0.012
1.403
65
0.061
0.464
2.392
0.305
0.024
3.246
70
0.098
0.378
1.587
0.415
2.477
75
0.073
0.659
0.012
0.744
80
0.073
0.073
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.037
0.024
0.049
0.159
0.342
0.915
2.233
3.991
5.614
13.327
41.494
18.794
7.335
3.356
1.391
0.635
0.195
0.061
0.037
0.012
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
35.15
0.00
78.01
36.42
39.01
1.10
10.31
-1.26
-10.40
2.329
2.267
1.432
1.507
1.295
2.055
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.503
67.928
13.913
14.657
0.488
0.833
0.388
8,194
164
Power)
3.851
10.423
4.533
11.270
9.900
12.391
11.382
7.223
0.000
6.750
2.055
0.486
0.224
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.16
0.0632
0.1256
0.7077
49.65
25.84
14.06
6.57
3.89
3.238
3.026
0.000
3.661
1.918
0.399
0.237
B-21
-------
alifornia 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS C Driving (FC=14), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.011
0.011
7.641
0.218
0.011
0.011
0.023
7.928
5
0.023
0.138
0.391
0.919
1.482
1.942
1.057
0.919
0.850
0.620
0.207
0.046
0.034
8.629
10
0.011
0.023
0.011
0.023
0.138
0.333
0.563
0.517
0.276
0.322
0.356
0.345
0.471
0.471
0.276
0.126
0.034
0.046
0.023
4.366
15
0.011
0.057
0.069
0.310
0.506
0.529
0.609
0.529
0.724
0.597
0.735
0.643
0.448
0.230
0.069
0.023
6.090
20
0.011
0.057
0.092
0.287
0.586
0.724
0.701
0.770
1.046
0.965
1.023
0.931
0.517
0.172
0.023
0.034
7.940
25
0.011
0.034
0.034
0.092
0.218
0.552
0.862
1.092
1.471
2.287
2.378
1.735
0.885
0.345
0.069
0.011
12.076
30
0.023
0.034
0.057
0.207
0.310
0.735
1.092
2.229
3.596
2.964
1.551
0.540
0.230
0.023
0.011
13.605
35
0.011
0.011
0.046
0.103
0.287
0.483
0.735
2.126
5.469
2.700
1.034
0.356
0.080
0.023
0.011
13.478
40
0.011
0.034
0.057
0.069
0.322
0.689
1.942
4.918
2.218
0.666
0.126
0.023
0.011
11.088
45
0.011
0.011
0.023
0.069
0.092
0.264
0.919
2.528
1.413
0.253
0.080
0.011
5.676
50
0.023
0.011
0.069
0.057
0.448
1.574
0.586
0.103
0.034
2.907
55
0.011
0.034
0.046
0.057
0.264
1.126
0.540
0.069
0.011
2.160
60
0.046
0.299
1.252
0.414
0.069
0.011
2.091
65
0.023
0.184
0.839
0.241
1.287
70
0.011
0.080
0.230
0.138
0.460
75
0.184
0.034
0.218
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.034
0.115
0.230
0.414
1.402
2.896
4.826
6.814
13.030
35.677
16.822
8.514
4.952
2.758
1.023
0.287
0.126
0.057
0.023
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
27.20
0.00
74.53
29.54
32.99
1.39
9.27
-1.53
-9.28
5.962
5.270
3.275
2.923
2.207
3.322
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.928
56.268
18.522
17.281
0.359
0.793
1.080
8,703
183
Power)
2.687
12.981
10.258
10.458
7.324
7.840
7.817
4.883
0.000
5.434
2.066
0.657
0.258
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.05
0.0642
0.1318
1.3086
51.26
24.00
13.14
7.01
4.58
1.585
1.937
0.000
2.136
0.986
0.282
0.141
B-22
-------
alifornia 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS D Driving (FC=14), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.008
19.880
0.223
0.030
0.010
0.004
0.003
0.001
0.001
20.166
5
0.002
0.003
0.016
0.112
0.437
1.035
1.835
3.006
1.563
1.115
0.970
0.600
0.132
0.049
0.026
0.008
0.003
0.003
10.914
10
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.009
0.024
0.105
0.308
0.541
0.513
0.445
0.443
0.411
0.446
0.461
0.497
0.193
0.060
0.023
0.008
0.004
4.497
15
0.001
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.007
0.018
0.058
0.160
0.371
0.529
0.520
0.595
0.773
0.836
0.796
0.691
0.350
0.132
0.027
0.013
0.003
0.001
5.892
20
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.014
0.028
0.069
0.167
0.391
0.605
0.649
0.771
1.111
1.247
1.138
0.649
0.235
0.060
0.014
0.008
0.002
7.164
25
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.011
0.021
0.056
0.145
0.338
0.545
0.659
1.092
2.090
1.941
1.160
0.496
0.146
0.037
0.005
0.004
0.002
0.001
8.755
30
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.005
0.020
0.041
0.085
0.288
0.437
0.675
1.456
3.616
2.395
0.970
0.313
0.082
0.017
0.004
0.002
10.412
35
0.003
0.001
0.005
0.003
0.006
0.020
0.054
0.146
0.324
0.618
1.577
4.365
2.478
0.721
0.144
0.029
0.007
0.002
0.002
10.504
40
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.010
0.018
0.073
0.179
0.428
1.550
4.482
2.116
0.439
0.067
0.018
0.001
0.001
9.388
S
45
0.001
0.001
0.006
0.010
0.026
0.092
0.213
1.153
3.798
1.486
0.202
0.018
0.005
0.002
0.001
7.015
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.007
0.012
0.019
0.097
0.601
2.112
0.628
0.066
0.003
0.002
0.002
3.552
N
55
0.003
0.010
0.018
0.231
0.879
0.215
0.010
0.005
0.003
1.375
60
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.008
0.044
0.176
0.037
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.278
65
0.002
0.001
0.004
0.011
0.051
0.009
0.001
0.079
70
0.001
0.005
0.001
0.007
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.010
0.011
0.022
0.047
0.111
0.288
0.770
2.071
3.724
5.439
11.370
46.787
15.586
7.097
3.829
1.972
0.586
0.164
0.079
0.024
0.006
0.004
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
21.72
0.00
69.33
27.21
30.60
1.20
11.21
-1.31
-13.74
6.217
5.868
3.878
3.126
2.143
1.873
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
20.166
53.529
13.759
12.546
0.871
2.407
1.484
109,307
757
Power)
2.114
9.500
23.584
8.030
6.610
8.394
6.982
4.789
0.000
4.301
1.199
0.291
0.108
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.87
0.0476
0.1030
1.9092
53.84
27.26
11.83
4.79
2.28
1.028
1.320
0.000
0.547
0.154
0.037
0.020
B-23
-------
lalifornia 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS E Driving (FC=14), No Grade Compensation SAFD (°/(
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.014
0.058
26.156
0.390
0.014
0.014
0.014
26.662
5
0.029
0.029
0.159
0.723
1.329
2.355
3.902
1.951
1.373
1.402
0.795
0.289
0.029
0.029
0.029
0.029
14.451
10
0.014
0.058
0.217
0.448
0.853
0.347
0.246
0.217
0.419
0.535
0.564
0.419
0.318
0.130
0.043
0.029
0.014
4.870
15
0.014
0.029
0.058
0.217
0.549
0.723
0.448
0.535
0.780
0.968
0.867
0.838
0.491
0.202
0.058
0.014
0.014
6.806
20
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.101
0.188
0.592
0.766
0.650
0.578
0.954
1.127
1.185
0.665
0.246
0.116
0.029
0.014
7.254
25
0.058
0.072
0.159
0.405
0.607
0.723
0.896
1.185
1.243
1.185
0.535
0.202
0.058
0.014
7.341
30
0.014
0.014
0.029
0.029
0.145
0.231
0.607
0.853
1.416
2.587
1.893
1.040
0.405
0.130
0.014
9.408
35
0.014
0.116
0.159
0.246
0.824
1.676
2.948
1.879
0.882
0.159
0.014
8.916
40
0.014
0.014
0.029
0.058
0.145
0.434
1.647
2.572
1.734
0.275
0.058
0.014
6.994
S
45
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.072
0.217
1.040
2.717
1.185
0.116
5.405
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.014
0.087
0.231
0.824
0.347
0.014
1.517
N
55
0.029
0.072
0.231
0.043
0.376
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.029
0.014
0.029
0.014
0.159
0.390
1.113
2.630
4.754
5.939
10.751
45.072
13.179
7.486
4.639
2.298
0.997
0.275
0.101
0.087
0.029
0.014
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
17.26
0.00
56.33
23.53
26.98
1.42
10.04
-1.57
-11.42
5.278
6.143
3.929
3.196
2.419
2.360
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
26.662
42.399
15.882
15.058
0.335
1.165
2.773
6,920
99
Power)
1.254
12.242
32.151
7.829
4.618
5.102
4.633
3.856
0.000
4.193
1.012
0.308
0.029
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.15
0.0451
0.1064
0.8155
57.64
23.92
10.77
5.25
2.43
0.235
0.279
0.000
0.161
0.029
0.000
0.000
B-24
-------
ialifornia 2000 Urban Other Principal Arterial LOS F Driving (FC=14), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.004
0.013
0.004
37.974
0.317
0.071
0.031
0.026
0.004
38.445
5
0.018
0.018
0.150
0.586
1.490
4.226
8.655
3.843
1.727
1.199
0.643
0.207
0.101
0.022
0.009
0.009
22.902
10
0.004
0.013
0.013
0.031
0.167
0.286
0.551
0.846
0.930
1.454
0.899
0.784
0.639
0.410
0.273
0.115
0.018
0.013
0.009
7.456
15
0.009
0.031
0.026
0.093
0.163
0.300
0.560
0.564
1.088
1.481
1.163
0.925
0.533
0.278
0.137
0.044
0.013
0.009
0.004
7.421
20
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.035
0.075
0.181
0.269
0.370
0.449
0.842
1.172
1.291
0.842
0.423
0.159
0.062
0.026
0.004
0.004
6.218
25
0.004
0.018
0.053
0.145
0.220
0.348
0.449
0.692
1.040
1.326
0.696
0.251
0.097
0.026
0.004
5.372
30
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.018
0.048
0.119
0.251
0.427
0.701
1.397
1.036
0.449
0.106
0.062
0.022
0.004
4.658
35
0.013
0.031
0.062
0.132
0.185
0.665
1.432
0.683
0.229
0.071
0.018
0.009
0.009
3.539
40
0.013
0.026
0.044
0.075
0.348
0.771
0.383
0.110
0.013
0.004
0.009
0.004
1.802
S
45
0.004
0.013
0.018
0.040
0.154
0.361
0.137
0.009
0.009
0.004
0.749
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.004
0.004
0.022
0.084
0.123
0.075
0.009
0.004
0.326
N
55
0.004
0.009
0.044
0.066
0.040
0.004
0.004
0.172
60
0.026
0.449
0.079
0.004
0.560
65
0.026
0.278
0.048
0.353
70
0.004
0.022
0.026
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.009
0.013
0.018
0.053
0.110
0.286
0.767
1.454
2.869
4.570
9.836
56.676
11.321
5.861
3.274
1.705
0.749
0.300
0.062
0.040
0.013
0.009
0.004
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
9.55
0.00
68.47
15.51
15.62
1.24
11.15
-1.28
-11.11
10.407
11.790
4.936
2.997
1.525
1.517
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
38.445
39.353
12.013
10.189
0.292
1.836
5.183
22,692
206
Power)
0.770
7.525
46.327
2.824
1.886
2.184
1.806
1.250
0.000
1.214
0.374
0.111
0.076
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.06
0.0277
0.0725
1.5007
61.77
27.65
6.79
2.47
1.33
0.214
0.516
0.000
0.369
0.111
0.036
0.009
B-25
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS A Driving (FC=16), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.003
12.749
0.249
0.076
0.015
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
13.108
5
0.001
0.005
0.016
0.105
0.456
0.944
1.472
1.937
1.092
0.977
0.943
0.581
0.136
0.040
0.015
0.008
0.005
0.001
8.735
10
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.010
0.027
0.140
0.447
0.582
0.349
0.253
0.279
0.304
0.453
0.559
0.502
0.218
0.061
0.014
0.012
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.001
4.222
15
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.009
0.020
0.069
0.298
0.510
0.496
0.366
0.370
0.508
0.610
0.764
0.780
0.419
0.146
0.038
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
5.416
20
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.009
0.018
0.105
0.293
0.511
0.618
0.456
0.492
0.762
0.778
0.915
0.889
0.367
0.082
0.016
0.004
0.003
0.001
0.001
6.324
25
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.008
0.024
0.064
0.239
0.503
0.620
0.638
0.758
1.625
1.375
1.128
0.706
0.242
0.041
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.003
7.991
30
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.004
0.013
0.048
0.155
0.371
0.600
0.760
1.216
3.321
2.189
1.125
0.451
0.119
0.021
0.005
0.001
0.001
10.404
35
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.008
0.029
0.079
0.232
0.441
0.707
1.594
4.972
2.498
0.850
0.233
0.061
0.008
0.001
0.002
11.716
40
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.017
0.040
0.129
0.273
0.519
1.615
5.697
2.123
0.512
0.127
0.019
0.004
0.001
0.001
11.086
45
0.002
0.001
0.006
0.019
0.059
0.148
0.336
1.293
4.319
1.574
0.263
0.043
0.009
0.001
8.074
50
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.009
0.027
0.074
0.161
0.878
3.625
0.939
0.133
0.015
0.002
0.001
5.871
55
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.012
0.026
0.087
0.461
2.153
0.498
0.045
0.006
0.001
0.001
3.297
60
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.013
0.031
0.208
1.881
0.206
0.012
0.003
0.001
2.359
65
0.001
0.002
0.007
0.066
0.723
0.053
0.002
0.001
0.854
70
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.018
0.381
0.018
0.001
0.001
0.420
75
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.119
0.002
0.001
0.124
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.007
0.007
0.012
0.041
0.100
0.376
1.292
2.910
4.352
5.367
10.700
45.051
14.508
7.256
4.770
2.328
0.659
0.169
0.042
0.028
0.013
0.005
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
27.17
0.00
77.35
31.27
35.90
1.26
14.70
-1.42
-17.06
4.345
4.689
3.168
2.652
2.155
2.475
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
13.108
56.685
15.451
14.756
0.916
2.022
0.997
171,745
1,416
Power)
2.774
11.638
15.143
7.912
7.621
9.060
7.447
4.844
0.000
4.931
1.672
0.506
0.156
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
6.68
0.0551
0.1173
1.3534
53.01
25.83
11.91
5.91
3.34
2.263
4.119
0.000
2.459
0.583
0.117
0.048
B-26
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS B Driving (FC=16), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.040
6.833
0.201
0.081
0.013
0.013
7.182
5
0.013
0.094
0.403
0.712
0.993
1.047
0.524
0.712
0.712
0.483
0.201
0.067
0.040
0.013
6.014
10
0.013
0.054
0.201
0.443
0.456
0.282
0.188
0.094
0.228
0.389
0.336
0.376
0.376
0.094
0.027
0.013
3.571
15
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.362
0.443
0.295
0.483
0.362
0.524
0.537
0.591
0.550
0.483
0.268
0.054
0.027
0.013
5.155
20
0.067
0.040
0.107
0.349
0.618
0.712
0.470
0.483
0.537
0.658
0.899
0.886
0.644
0.188
0.013
6.672
25
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.121
0.403
0.577
0.940
0.604
0.752
1.504
1.034
1.128
1.195
0.322
0.094
0.013
8.847
30
0.013
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.215
0.604
0.832
0.967
1.638
4.336
2.698
1.450
0.805
0.175
0.040
0.013
13.948
35
0.067
0.081
0.201
0.376
0.832
1.181
2.161
6.108
3.302
1.477
0.349
0.067
0.013
16.217
40
0.013
0.027
0.013
0.121
0.242
0.537
0.819
2.121
6.806
3.141
0.792
0.188
0.054
14.874
S
45
0.013
0.081
0.081
0.215
0.644
1.826
4.873
1.960
0.268
0.013
0.027
0.013
0.013
10.028
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.013
0.013
0.081
0.107
0.295
0.819
2.591
0.698
0.067
0.027
4.712
N
55
0.013
0.081
0.148
0.175
1.047
0.215
0.013
0.027
1.718
60
0.040
0.188
0.215
0.027
0.027
0.013
0.510
65
0.067
0.188
0.054
0.013
0.322
70
0.040
0.161
0.027
0.228
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.013
0.013
0.027
0.121
0.322
0.631
1.960
3.571
5.410
6.645
11.854
36.864
15.304
7.907
5.115
2.645
1.181
0.255
0.107
0.054
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
29.16
0.00
69.88
31.42
35.48
1.41
7.75
-1.63
-12.35
3.723
3.091
2.143
2.198
1.978
3.379
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.182
56.545
17.264
19.009
0.357
0.735
0.746
7,449
169
Power)
2.078
15.467
8.571
10.714
9.341
10.783
8.365
5.659
0.000
7.280
2.404
0.646
0.220
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.86
0.0649
0.1396
1.2941
53.50
22.19
11.96
7.28
5.07
1.374
1.332
0.000
0.962
0.206
0.069
0.096
B-27
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS C Driving (FC=16), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.012
0.012
10.512
0.386
0.048
0.024
0.012
11.007
5
0.024
0.060
0.181
0.542
1.121
1.844
2.797
1.712
1.145
1.037
0.699
0.193
0.133
0.048
0.012
0.012
11.561
10
0.036
0.048
0.193
0.555
0.603
0.386
0.338
0.579
0.470
0.482
0.530
0.506
0.374
0.096
0.012
0.012
0.012
5.232
15
0.036
0.169
0.422
0.518
0.542
0.325
0.313
0.518
0.434
0.844
0.952
0.530
0.277
0.060
0.012
0.012
5.967
20
0.012
0.012
0.036
0.145
0.470
0.579
0.723
0.615
0.446
0.940
1.025
1.109
0.940
0.579
0.133
0.060
0.012
0.012
7.848
25
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.145
0.253
0.627
0.916
0.989
1.374
2.074
1.977
1.543
0.808
0.386
0.084
0.036
0.012
11.260
30
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.060
0.229
0.422
0.675
0.904
1.953
4.858
2.942
1.181
0.494
0.145
0.048
13.960
35
0.012
0.024
0.084
0.229
0.434
0.772
2.098
6.293
2.640
0.772
0.157
0.036
0.024
13.574
40
0.012
0.012
0.024
0.133
0.229
0.603
1.664
5.425
2.230
0.362
0.084
0.012
0.012
10.802
S
45
0.012
0.012
0.084
0.121
0.301
0.952
2.954
0.856
0.181
0.012
0.012
5.497
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.012
0.012
0.024
0.096
0.084
0.313
0.856
0.205
0.036
0.024
1.664
N
55
0.024
0.084
0.133
0.518
0.060
0.048
0.868
60
0.024
0.048
0.012
0.108
0.024
0.217
65
0.060
0.241
0.084
0.386
70
0.121
0.012
0.133
75
80
0.012
0.012
0.024
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.036
0.024
0.048
0.157
0.627
1.760
3.351
4.907
6.221
11.549
38.710
15.154
7.776
5.063
2.893
1.157
0.386
0.084
0.048
0.024
0.012
0.012
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
23.68
0.00
78.50
26.61
30.09
1.43
12.37
-1.58
-10.48
5.345
6.292
3.441
3.355
2.679
3.330
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
11.007
54.177
17.589
17.227
0.348
0.881
1.466
8,295
157
Power)
1.798
13.603
14.094
10.064
8.467
9.486
6.980
4.497
0.000
4.227
1.438
0.369
0.172
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.98
0.0565
0.1196
1.1809
52.78
25.57
11.92
5.91
3.82
0.627
0.725
0.000
0.430
0.184
0.172
0.025
B-28
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS D Driving (FC=16), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.002
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.010
17.972
0.259
0.062
0.018
0.010
0.002
18.344
5
0.006
0.004
0.024
0.123
0.513
0.993
2.047
3.382
1.842
1.184
1.102
0.668
0.139
0.030
0.028
0.014
0.004
0.002
12.106
10
0.002
0.016
0.026
0.141
0.394
0.533
0.442
0.432
0.448
0.384
0.467
0.597
0.541
0.227
0.084
0.026
0.010
0.004
0.002
4.778
15
0.002
0.004
0.010
0.042
0.093
0.213
0.428
0.487
0.519
0.541
0.752
0.776
0.857
0.768
0.386
0.139
0.030
0.006
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.002
6.063
20
0.002
0.006
0.010
0.026
0.093
0.213
0.507
0.525
0.613
0.607
0.999
1.005
1.102
0.770
0.362
0.093
0.008
0.002
0.002
6.946
25
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.006
0.030
0.066
0.183
0.382
0.627
0.668
0.782
1.611
1.490
1.168
0.549
0.221
0.060
0.010
0.002
7.875
30
0.002
0.006
0.024
0.064
0.125
0.267
0.555
0.766
1.209
2.821
2.091
1.104
0.336
0.103
0.024
0.004
0.002
9.504
35
0.002
0.004
0.008
0.018
0.090
0.165
0.370
0.722
1.581
5.277
2.632
0.724
0.155
0.036
0.002
0.002
11.788
40
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.004
0.006
0.018
0.082
0.191
0.436
1.558
5.687
2.194
0.346
0.072
0.026
0.002
0.002
10.636
S
45
0.002
0.002
0.008
0.006
0.030
0.074
0.215
1.060
4.008
1.243
0.125
0.026
0.002
6.801
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.002
0.004
0.012
0.026
0.082
0.497
2.274
0.523
0.040
0.008
0.002
3.471
N
55
0.002
0.004
0.012
0.022
0.157
1.090
0.157
0.010
0.002
1.456
60
0.002
0.002
0.022
0.105
0.028
0.006
0.165
65
0.016
0.012
0.004
0.032
70
0.010
0.012
0.022
75
0.014
0.014
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.006
0.006
0.028
0.040
0.159
0.382
1.020
2.399
3.917
5.484
10.503
46.453
14.664
7.199
4.402
2.357
0.686
0.171
0.066
0.034
0.010
0.006
0.002
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
22.06
0.00
77.02
27.02
30.71
1.26
12.76
-1.38
-14.54
6.026
6.406
3.748
3.011
2.262
2.276
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
18.344
53.290
14.907
13.459
0.639
1.738
1.523
49,728
477
Power)
2.082
10.440
21.707
7.419
7.029
8.873
6.983
4.948
0.000
4.292
1.137
0.284
0.116
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
5.08
0.0487
0.1048
1.3847
53.48
27.33
11.63
5.06
2.50
0.900
1.417
0.000
0.548
0.106
0.043
0.028
B-29
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS E Driving (FC=16), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.018
0.053
28.696
0.480
0.071
0.018
29.336
5
0.036
0.071
0.249
0.836
1.530
2.846
4.537
2.562
1.477
1.316
1.067
0.285
0.036
0.125
16.972
10
0.018
0.125
0.125
0.587
0.818
0.676
0.587
0.516
0.391
0.534
0.391
0.694
0.391
0.125
0.018
5.995
15
0.018
0.036
0.071
0.356
0.445
0.640
0.801
0.890
0.907
0.996
0.765
0.943
0.534
0.302
0.053
0.018
7.774
20
0.018
0.036
0.053
0.018
0.125
0.267
0.480
0.640
0.658
0.961
1.210
1.050
0.801
0.587
0.480
0.125
7.508
25
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.107
0.196
0.463
0.605
0.534
0.996
1.067
0.996
1.174
0.569
0.231
0.071
0.018
7.081
30
0.053
0.018
0.036
0.107
0.267
0.445
0.783
1.601
2.081
1.637
0.872
0.445
0.071
0.036
8.450
35
0.018
0.018
0.053
0.018
0.036
0.142
0.267
0.391
1.548
3.113
1.743
0.516
0.213
0.018
0.018
8.112
40
0.053
0.018
0.071
0.107
0.320
0.801
2.918
1.032
0.267
0.036
5.622
45
0.018
0.018
0.089
0.107
0.320
1.014
0.374
0.089
2.028
50
0.018
0.053
0.053
0.213
0.249
0.267
0.036
0.890
55
0.018
0.036
0.036
0.142
0.231
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.018
0.036
0.053
0.142
0.160
0.569
1.192
2.740
4.519
5.906
10.852
46.451
11.528
6.600
4.519
3.096
1.228
0.231
0.142
0.018
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
14.62
0.00
56.22
20.68
23.11
1.54
7.82
-1.66
-11.99
7.995
8.121
4.025
2.779
2.292
2.617
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
29.336
39.602
15.745
15.318
0.285
1.171
3.812
5,621
80
Power)
0.861
12.200
34.236
6.154
3.862
4.530
3.898
2.473
0.000
2.852
0.993
0.307
0.090
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.91
0.0414
0.1065
0.7482
61.09
22.90
8.72
4.48
2.81
0.235
0.181
0.000
0.126
0.018
0.018
0.000
B-30
-------
California 2000 Urban Minor Arterial LOS F Driving (FC=16), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.010
0.019
0.039
37.139
0.404
0.077
0.010
0.019
37.717
5
0.019
0.029
0.202
0.674
1.627
3.591
6.142
3.312
1.887
1.328
0.828
0.298
0.096
0.029
0.019
0.010
20.090
10
0.019
0.029
0.029
0.173
0.424
0.818
0.683
0.732
0.818
0.645
0.683
0.683
0.626
0.279
0.106
0.010
0.019
0.010
0.010
6.796
15
0.019
0.048
0.048
0.289
0.472
0.462
0.549
0.645
0.751
0.683
0.789
0.683
0.481
0.154
0.048
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
6.161
20
0.010
0.019
0.029
0.077
0.231
0.337
0.462
0.385
0.549
0.857
0.722
0.606
0.626
0.385
0.087
0.010
0.010
5.400
25
0.010
0.010
0.067
0.048
0.164
0.404
0.424
0.395
0.606
0.886
0.789
0.905
0.529
0.183
0.010
0.010
5.439
30
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.048
0.087
0.193
0.404
0.298
0.886
1.348
1.213
0.886
0.241
0.058
5.689
35
0.010
0.010
0.048
0.096
0.212
0.366
1.069
2.676
1.550
0.414
0.029
0.019
6.498
40
0.010
0.019
0.019
0.010
0.135
0.125
0.568
2.840
0.789
0.116
4.630
S
45
0.010
0.010
0.029
0.077
0.221
0.674
0.241
0.010
1.271
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.010
0.010
0.077
0.183
0.029
0.308
N
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.010
0.039
0.077
0.193
0.308
1.040
2.147
3.629
4.534
8.982
54.313
10.377
6.373
4.130
2.599
0.828
0.260
0.058
0.048
0.019
0.019
0.010
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
11.13
0.00
49.09
17.87
19.40
1.41
11.69
-1.46
-9.92
8.157
9.101
3.786
2.550
1.859
2.365
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
37.717
36.090
14.247
11.947
0.282
1.519
4.671
10,388
114
Power)
0.837
9.247
44.170
3.777
2.969
4.078
2.988
2.025
0.000
2.287
0.535
0.088
0.020
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.04
0.0333
0.0878
0.9256
62.05
25.13
7.14
4.00
1.68
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
B-31
-------
California 2000 Urban Collector LOS A-C Driving (FC=17), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.003
9.484
0.302
0.148
0.069
0.023
0.007
0.004
0.002
10.047
5
0.003
0.003
0.017
0.134
0.624
1.242
1.742
2.082
1.412
1.613
1.499
0.646
0.117
0.029
0.010
0.007
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.002
11.191
10
0.002
0.003
0.010
0.026
0.218
0.714
0.856
0.604
0.503
0.540
0.625
1.026
1.146
0.696
0.212
0.061
0.010
0.007
0.001
0.003
0.001
7.265
15
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.009
0.021
0.094
0.472
0.832
0.753
0.605
0.609
0.703
0.938
1.604
1.360
0.531
0.130
0.026
0.010
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.002
8.710
20
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.024
0.114
0.379
0.826
1.034
0.912
0.841
1.316
1.618
1.668
1.211
0.348
0.066
0.020
0.003
0.001
10.388
25
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.024
0.073
0.249
0.623
0.936
1.008
1.374
4.228
2.554
1.501
0.681
0.159
0.041
0.012
0.002
13.477
30
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.020
0.044
0.119
0.322
0.647
0.923
1.615
5.798
2.846
0.964
0.314
0.048
0.025
0.007
0.002
13.702
35
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.008
0.022
0.057
0.144
0.316
0.614
1.354
5.273
2.076
0.529
0.115
0.035
0.007
0.004
0.001
0.001
10.565
40
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.009
0.012
0.017
0.087
0.148
0.324
1.020
3.289
1.424
0.254
0.045
0.012
0.003
6.648
45
0.002
0.005
0.011
0.021
0.085
0.188
0.604
1.998
0.857
0.121
0.019
0.003
3.914
50
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.003
0.012
0.020
0.081
0.447
1.459
0.415
0.052
0.008
0.003
0.001
2.506
55
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.011
0.034
0.126
0.619
0.127
0.014
0.004
0.942
60
0.014
0.060
0.397
0.058
0.003
0.532
65
0.011
0.094
0.009
0.001
0.114
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.001
0.014
0.038
0.120
0.398
1.543
3.720
5.432
6.549
10.308
37.279
15.261
9.500
6.470
2.503
0.609
0.163
0.038
0.017
0.009
0.009
0.003
0.003
0.002
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
22.26
0.00
67.32
24.74
29.01
1.41
13.05
-1.63
-15.86
6.740
7.661
6.073
5.130
3.349
2.695
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
10.047
52.921
19.141
17.892
0.413
1.113
1.288
91,792
1,374
Power)
1.716
14.433
11.875
7.421
8.571
8.960
6.184
3.855
0.000
3.315
0.927
0.220
0.111
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.53
0.0529
0.1087
1.3131
51.37
27.28
13.65
5.54
2.15
0.739
1.073
0.000
0.508
0.111
0.034
0.018
B-32
-------
California 2000 Urban Collector LOS D Driving (FC=17), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.008
15.306
0.386
0.148
0.016
0.008
15.873
5
0.148
0.706
1.297
2.266
4.434
1.921
1.741
1.568
0.764
0.222
0.049
0.033
0.016
15.167
10
0.016
0.049
0.230
0.682
0.797
0.542
0.460
0.649
0.854
0.903
0.977
0.739
0.287
0.057
0.033
0.016
0.008
7.300
15
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.107
0.443
0.542
0.673
0.731
0.870
1.445
1.371
1.462
1.281
0.599
0.140
0.049
0.008
0.008
0.008
9.772
20
0.016
0.025
0.082
0.304
0.755
0.977
0.829
1.100
1.683
1.560
1.692
1.084
0.484
0.131
0.033
0.008
0.008
10.774
25
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.033
0.041
0.197
0.657
0.640
0.994
1.338
3.055
2.102
1.412
0.698
0.205
0.033
0.008
0.008
11.455
30
0.025
0.008
0.041
0.074
0.271
0.501
0.723
1.511
3.564
2.299
0.747
0.361
0.123
0.016
0.008
10.273
35
0.008
0.008
0.041
0.057
0.123
0.296
0.493
0.936
3.769
1.577
0.558
0.181
0.049
0.008
0.008
8.113
40
0.025
0.008
0.049
0.189
0.361
0.797
2.808
1.281
0.238
0.066
0.008
0.008
5.838
S
45
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.016
0.008
0.049
0.189
0.698
1.494
0.698
0.123
0.041
0.016
3.359
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.008
0.008
0.057
0.213
0.846
0.238
0.066
0.008
0.008
1.453
N
55
0.016
0.328
0.082
0.427
60
0.189
0.008
0.197
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.033
0.057
0.123
0.370
1.338
3.235
4.837
6.216
10.215
39.571
14.378
9.090
6.282
3.005
0.846
0.213
0.082
0.041
0.008
0.016
0.008
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
18.49
0.00
61.41
21.97
24.91
1.48
10.63
-1.60
-12.83
8.037
9.430
5.982
4.790
3.205
3.087
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
15.873
48.456
19.429
16.242
0.242
0.787
1.983
12,178
258
Power)
1.555
12.852
20.134
6.342
6.074
6.284
5.008
3.171
0.000
2.777
1.091
0.294
0.159
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.41
0.0511
0.1079
1.3323
52.67
27.21
12.19
5.11
2.82
0.319
0.596
0.000
0.277
0.092
0.000
0.000
B-33
-------
California 2000 Urban Collector LOS E-F Driving (FC=17), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.161
31.455
0.676
0.322
0.064
32.679
5
0.547
0.901
2.222
3.574
5.023
3.220
2.254
2.093
1.030
0.386
0.097
0.032
21.378
10
0.032
0.064
0.129
0.290
0.708
0.869
0.934
0.580
0.773
0.741
0.837
0.966
0.869
0.386
0.064
0.032
0.064
8.339
15
0.032
0.129
0.580
0.901
0.644
0.869
0.837
0.386
0.547
0.773
1.095
0.741
0.193
0.129
7.856
20
0.064
0.064
0.161
0.161
0.547
0.837
0.708
0.741
1.062
0.580
0.998
0.901
0.483
0.097
7.405
25
0.032
0.064
0.064
0.032
0.258
0.354
0.644
0.547
0.354
1.384
0.773
0.805
0.644
0.161
0.064
0.032
6.214
30
0.032
0.161
0.386
0.451
0.386
0.386
1.030
0.773
1.062
0.225
0.064
4.958
35
0.032
0.129
0.129
0.161
0.515
0.708
2.350
1.191
0.322
0.097
5.634
40
0.097
0.064
0.097
0.193
0.708
1.417
0.773
0.290
0.097
3.735
S
45
0.032
0.032
0.193
0.386
0.386
0.258
0.129
1.417
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.032
0.032
0.129
0.064
0.032
0.290
N
55
0.032
0.064
0.097
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.032
0.064
0.032
0.097
0.290
0.515
1.578
3.670
4.636
6.600
8.467
45.428
9.659
7.824
6.182
3.348
1.127
0.322
0.032
0.064
0.032
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
11.41
0.00
56.02
16.95
18.28
1.74
9.37
-1.91
-13.14
8.237
9.061
4.679
2.933
2.998
2.998
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
32.679
31.262
18.545
17.515
0.139
0.729
5.992
3,106
71
Power)
0.523
14.234
38.979
3.229
2.998
2.669
1.845
1.483
0.000
2.241
1.054
0.165
0.033
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.74
0.0397
0.1054
0.6832
62.33
22.50
7.60
4.86
2.70
0.000
0.033
0.000
0.000
0.132
0.000
0.000
B-34
-------
California 2000 Urban Local LOS A-C Driving (FC=19), No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.004
6.268
0.417
0.438
0.249
0.054
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.001
7.448
5
0.004
0.006
0.019
0.206
1.126
2.094
2.595
2.530
2.033
2.877
2.170
0.505
0.080
0.015
0.010
0.006
0.001
0.001
0.001
16.279
10
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.021
0.200
1.062
1.583
1.208
0.952
1.115
1.431
2.353
1.689
0.537
0.110
0.025
0.006
0.003
0.001
0.003
0.001
12.309
15
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.080
0.417
1.199
1.458
1.583
1.407
1.870
2.387
3.134
1.463
0.309
0.075
0.012
0.001
0.003
0.001
15.413
20
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.054
0.307
0.786
1.522
1.674
1.797
3.665
3.442
2.294
0.798
0.189
0.028
0.006
0.001
16.576
25
0.001
0.012
0.040
0.148
0.378
0.801
1.243
2.085
6.903
3.461
0.909
0.280
0.090
0.014
0.004
16.370
30
0.001
0.004
0.003
0.014
0.052
0.144
0.305
0.512
1.191
4.746
1.562
0.349
0.108
0.032
0.004
0.001
9.028
35
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.017
0.064
0.113
0.185
0.475
1.684
0.608
0.167
0.036
0.010
3.363
40
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.012
0.061
0.090
0.229
0.573
0.280
0.075
0.019
0.001
1.351
S
45
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.023
0.037
0.108
0.365
0.163
0.033
0.006
0.744
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.001
0.007
0.023
0.090
0.340
0.080
0.006
0.001
0.548
N
55
0.001
0.004
0.059
0.260
0.033
0.358
60
0.014
0.113
0.004
0.131
65
0.003
0.077
0.080
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.004
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.040
0.220
1.167
3.859
7.001
8.654
11.009
30.508
15.901
12.634
6.819
1.726
0.318
0.069
0.021
0.012
0.007
0.001
0.006
0.001
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
16.88
0.00
64.65
18.23
21.25
1.44
12.45
-1.68
-11.82
12.739
15.297
12.524
7.905
3.079
1.461
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.448
50.708
20.859
20.985
0.201
0.714
2.902
72,405
1,690
Power)
0.889
16.582
8.990
4.357
5.872
5.147
2.619
1.136
0.000
1.030
0.317
0.074
0.021
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.81
0.0422
0.0871
1.0545
51.51
31.60
13.26
2.73
0.90
0.223
0.400
0.000
0.215
0.014
0.001
0.000
B-35
-------
California 2000 Urban Local LOS D-F Driving (FC=19), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
13.016
0.478
0.488
0.185
0.065
0.043
0.022
14.297
5
0.011
0.033
0.065
0.488
1.444
2.790
4.114
5.656
3.376
3.430
2.160
0.651
0.098
0.087
0.011
0.054
24.468
10
0.011
0.022
0.011
0.054
0.380
1.140
1.520
1.444
1.075
1.715
1.791
2.366
1.520
0.467
0.119
0.054
0.022
13.710
15
0.011
0.011
0.022
0.130
0.630
0.923
1.520
1.683
1.726
2.280
2.898
2.681
1.075
0.250
0.119
0.033
0.011
16.001
20
0.076
0.163
0.369
0.695
1.053
1.389
1.976
3.419
2.768
1.509
0.619
0.119
0.011
0.011
14.177
25
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.065
0.217
0.326
0.608
0.640
1.324
3.843
2.063
0.695
0.130
0.011
0.011
9.965
30
0.022
0.022
0.098
0.141
0.239
0.391
0.662
2.518
0.803
0.152
0.033
0.011
5.091
35
0.011
0.054
0.065
0.109
0.315
0.564
0.326
0.043
0.011
1.498
40
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.109
0.239
0.239
0.011
0.630
45
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.011
0.065
0.054
0.163
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.011
0.022
0.011
0.033
0.152
0.467
1.780
3.778
6.470
8.467
11.311
33.315
14.796
11.376
5.732
1.574
0.402
0.185
0.065
0.054
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
12.31
0.00
44.69
14.36
15.71
1.45
8.46
-1.79
-13.30
15.285
18.592
11.900
6.017
2.250
1.136
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
14.297
45.929
18.585
21.190
0.098
0.478
5.906
9,212
321
Power)
0.195
16.567
17.917
2.306
2.958
2.553
1.338
0.697
0.000
0.427
0.023
0.034
0.000
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.92
0.0320
0.0733
0.5874
56.26
31.57
9.76
2.01
0.40
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
B-36
-------
California 2000 Freeway On-Ramp Driving, No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
0.006
6.388
0.216
0.152
0.146
0.076
0.017
0.029
0.006
7.035
5
0.041
0.105
0.280
0.682
2.046
5.729
2.361
0.979
0.985
0.565
0.286
0.076
0.023
0.006
0.012
0.006
14.181
10
0.006
0.006
0.017
0.029
0.099
0.221
0.443
0.437
0.758
2.157
0.968
0.490
0.589
0.478
0.245
0.146
0.058
0.023
0.012
0.012
0.006
7.198
15
0.006
0.012
0.017
0.029
0.047
0.122
0.233
0.356
0.420
0.612
0.927
1.008
0.863
0.629
0.478
0.221
0.099
0.041
0.023
0.006
0.006
6.155
20
0.006
0.012
0.029
0.076
0.105
0.210
0.356
0.530
0.624
1.078
1.014
0.944
0.804
0.612
0.192
0.099
0.012
0.006
0.006
6.714
25
0.006
0.012
0.041
0.111
0.221
0.391
0.542
0.810
1.760
1.609
1.125
1.043
0.595
0.233
0.076
0.012
8.585
30
0.006
0.006
0.012
0.029
0.064
0.198
0.309
0.501
0.868
1.906
2.075
1.486
0.868
0.606
0.262
0.017
9.215
35
0.006
0.006
0.017
0.052
0.047
0.274
0.530
0.915
1.760
1.958
1.708
0.927
0.670
0.169
0.029
0.006
9.075
40
0.012
0.006
0.017
0.006
0.047
0.105
0.431
0.933
1.929
2.419
1.597
0.898
0.565
0.122
0.012
0.006
9.104
S
45
0.017
0.012
0.105
0.251
0.431
1.480
2.541
1.644
0.781
0.338
0.047
0.006
7.653
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.006
0.006
0.064
0.111
0.408
1.451
2.728
1.230
0.460
0.105
0.006
6.575
N
55
0.006
0.006
0.070
0.361
1.166
1.859
0.898
0.204
0.023
0.006
4.599
60
0.006
0.006
0.017
0.105
0.764
0.903
0.356
0.064
0.006
2.226
65
0.006
0.070
0.560
0.367
0.087
0.006
1.096
70
0.017
0.332
0.099
0.017
0.466
75
0.041
0.012
0.052
80
0.023
0.023
0.047
85
0.023
0.023
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.012
0.012
0.041
0.047
0.111
0.262
0.618
1.311
2.687
4.529
8.958
29.475
22.160
13.575
8.405
5.117
1.795
0.583
0.163
0.064
0.035
0.017
0.006
0.006
0.012
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
26.99
0.00
83.44
29.03
29.04
1.71
13.21
-1.32
-12.86
7.424
12.699
4.231
2.902
2.040
3.691
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
7.035
52.393
30.757
9.815
0.188
0.419
0.692
17,157
683
Power)
7.676
6.871
8.334
4.929
3.144
3.727
3.903
4.000
0.000
7.800
5.840
3.509
3.217
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.17
0.1262
0.2017
2.0402
37.41
22.86
13.36
10.70
15.67
1.244
1.876
0.000
2.938
2.598
1.669
1.414
B-37
-------
California 2000 Freeway Off-Ramp Driving, No Grade Compensation SAFD
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
17.910
0.258
0.030
0.005
0.005
18.208
5
0.005
0.035
0.154
0.597
1.074
2.088
3.345
1.814
1.287
1.143
0.467
0.080
0.060
0.010
0.015
0.005
12.179
10
0.005
0.040
0.189
0.661
0.592
0.437
0.502
0.641
0.537
0.621
0.621
0.507
0.129
0.030
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.005
5.538
15
0.010
0.020
0.154
0.418
0.587
0.517
0.467
0.408
0.592
0.681
0.746
0.641
0.303
0.109
0.035
0.010
0.010
5.707
20
0.005
0.010
0.050
0.209
0.343
0.621
0.641
0.587
0.547
0.388
0.507
0.785
0.587
0.333
0.055
0.015
5.682
25
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.050
0.174
0.348
0.656
0.825
0.815
0.775
1.024
0.731
0.696
0.492
0.174
0.040
0.015
0.010
6.855
30
0.005
0.005
0.030
0.045
0.144
0.333
0.636
0.840
0.885
1.123
1.675
0.860
0.621
0.229
0.070
0.030
0.005
7.536
35
0.005
0.005
0.025
0.089
0.308
0.656
0.915
0.949
1.133
1.437
0.860
0.388
0.114
0.055
0.005
6.944
40
0.010
0.015
0.085
0.244
0.522
0.905
1.183
1.586
1.705
0.631
0.214
0.045
7.143
S
45
0.015
0.015
0.050
0.129
0.373
0.716
1.307
1.884
1.725
0.398
0.174
0.030
6.815
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.010
0.005
0.020
0.094
0.323
0.606
1.104
2.043
1.740
0.373
0.104
0.020
6.442
N
55
0.005
0.005
0.050
0.169
0.403
0.731
1.596
0.910
0.214
0.025
0.005
0.005
4.116
60
0.010
0.025
0.060
0.189
0.457
1.004
1.282
0.179
0.010
0.005
3.221
65
0.005
0.005
0.035
0.075
0.085
0.542
1.491
0.099
2.336
70
0.015
0.035
0.169
0.964
1.183
75
0.030
0.065
0.094
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.005
0.015
0.040
0.085
0.234
0.984
2.520
5.453
7.834
10.116
15.430
36.894
8.142
5.702
3.927
1.914
0.447
0.164
0.045
0.035
0.005
0.005
0.005
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
25.07
0.00
74.71
30.64
32.82
1.42
11.98
-1.89
-14.15
5.793
6.024
3.241
2.325
1.734
1.914
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
18.209
40.274
12.487
29.030
0.207
0.495
1.457
20,117
678
Power)
-1.848
22.007
22.182
9.538
3.894
3.436
2.274
1.729
0.000
2.037
0.844
0.298
0.124
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
0.97
0.0326
0.1071
1.4267
69.57
18.13
6.65
3.43
2.22
5.607
2.217
0.000
2.104
0.489
0.154
0.036
B-38
-------
California 2000 Freeway-to-Freeway Transition Ramp Driving, No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
2.852
0.055
2.907
5
0.014
0.069
0.332
2.727
7.309
3.156
0.554
0.014
0.028
0.014
14.217
10
0.014
0.069
0.028
0.208
0.969
2.395
0.941
0.166
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
4.845
15
0.014
0.055
0.249
0.568
1.274
0.623
0.194
0.069
0.014
0.028
0.014
3.101
20
0.014
0.014
0.055
0.166
0.457
0.664
0.457
0.180
0.028
0.042
0.028
0.028
2.132
25
0.014
0.028
0.014
0.028
0.042
0.208
0.484
0.595
0.568
0.166
0.042
0.014
0.028
2.229
30
0.042
0.042
0.055
0.263
0.554
0.540
0.609
0.401
0.055
0.014
2.575
35
0.014
0.028
0.028
0.042
0.069
0.318
0.568
1.260
0.983
0.194
0.125
0.014
3.641
40
0.014
0.069
0.069
0.111
0.208
0.706
1.647
1.232
0.291
0.069
0.014
4.430
S
45
0.055
0.069
0.138
0.415
1.190
3.378
1.495
0.388
0.083
7.212
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.014
0.014
0.083
0.097
0.484
2.063
5.274
2.353
0.540
0.069
0.014
11.005
N
55
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.166
0.512
2.173
5.939
2.173
0.401
0.042
0.014
11.503
60
0.014
0.014
0.111
0.305
2.076
6.160
1.717
0.277
0.055
0.014
10.742
65
0.014
0.042
0.125
1.343
5.717
1.495
0.249
0.014
0.014
9.012
70
0.014
0.055
1.024
5.191
0.872
0.138
0.014
0.014
0.014
7.337
75
0.014
0.457
2.326
0.235
3.032
80
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.055
85
0.028
0.028
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.014
0.014
0.028
0.028
0.083
0.291
0.484
1.066
3.848
17.373
52.547
18.978
4.153
0.692
0.194
0.083
0.069
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
41.14
0.00
83.05
42.38
40.43
0.69
12.32
-0.76
-11.09
8.072
13.088
1.464
0.611
0.199
0.256
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.907
76.744
9.579
10.770
0.442
0.644
0.315
7,224
187
Power)
6.325
3.297
4.633
4.647
2.302
3.411
3.766
3.013
0.000
2.899
1.151
0.426
0.128
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.99
0.0515
0.1044
3.1551
50.72
31.10
10.34
4.49
3.35
11.155
13.500
0.000
13.003
5.812
2.046
1.123
B-39
-------
Sacramento 2004 Diamond-Downgrade On-Ramp Driving (D-D), No Grade Compensation SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
3.217
0.411
0.068
3.696
5
0.137
0.205
0.274
0.342
0.274
0.274
0.616
0.479
0.342
0.068
3.012
10
0.068
0.068
0.137
0.068
0.205
0.274
0.548
0.479
0.068
1.916
15
0.068
0.068
0.068
0.068
0.342
0.342
0.274
0.342
0.479
0.274
0.068
2.396
20
0.137
0.068
0.411
0.205
0.205
0.411
0.753
1.164
1.164
0.274
4.791
25
0.068
0.068
0.068
0.137
0.068
0.274
0.342
0.684
1.437
1.027
0.137
4.312
30
0.068
0.205
1.369
2.943
2.806
2.533
1.232
0.821
0.137
12.115
35
0.068
0.479
0.548
1.574
2.259
3.559
1.985
0.274
0.068
10.815
40
0.137
0.342
0.890
2.464
4.244
1.985
10.062
45
0.068
0.137
0.205
1.780
4.449
4.791
0.753
0.068
12.252
50
0.068
0.274
1.985
6.229
4.107
0.479
13.142
55
0.342
2.875
5.886
2.053
0.411
0.068
11.636
60
0.205
3.559
3.285
1.095
0.068
8.214
65
0.890
0.411
0.137
0.137
1.574
70
0.068
0.068
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.137
0.205
0.274
0.137
0.616
1.916
3.970
20.945
29.295
24.709
10.951
4.928
1.711
0.137
0.068
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
38.61
0.00
70.09
40.10
44.01
1.75
6.69
-1.24
-7.03
0.640
1.209
1.423
1.494
1.920
4.267
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.696
46.680
46.133
3.491
0.285
0.443
0.191
1,461
55
Power)
14.839
1.565
4.267
2.774
1.565
4.694
3.770
4.196
0.000
13.229
15.292
6.899
1.423
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
5.36
0.2017
0.2521
0.7784
19.99
13.28
16.56
21.49
28.68
1.209
5.477
0.000
6.899
8.819
4.054
2.916
B-40
-------
Sacramento 2004 Diamond-Level On-Ramp Driving (D-L), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
1.859
0.123
0.031
0.031
2.043
5
0.020
0.051
0.102
0.368
1.134
1.900
1.032
0.276
0.337
0.296
0.245
0.123
0.010
0.020
0.010
5.925
10
0.010
0.020
0.051
0.123
0.112
0.296
0.163
0.276
0.184
0.204
0.347
0.276
0.215
0.163
0.061
2.503
15
0.031
0.031
0.163
0.082
0.102
0.194
0.174
0.368
0.398
0.347
0.490
0.347
0.266
0.061
0.020
0.010
3.085
20
0.010
0.031
0.072
0.123
0.102
0.082
0.184
0.215
0.419
0.449
0.715
0.879
0.552
0.123
0.031
3.984
25
0.010
0.051
0.051
0.255
0.204
0.194
0.327
0.715
0.899
1.103
0.991
0.541
0.092
5.435
30
0.010
0.020
0.041
0.072
0.163
0.286
0.296
0.521
1.645
1.767
1.583
1.113
0.429
0.031
7.978
35
0.010
0.031
0.041
0.133
0.123
0.235
0.930
2.871
3.310
2.135
1.134
0.215
0.020
11.186
40
0.051
0.041
0.112
0.123
0.593
3.157
5.057
2.411
0.817
0.163
0.010
12.534
45
0.010
0.031
0.061
0.123
0.603
3.146
6.252
2.298
0.541
0.051
0.010
13.127
50
0.061
0.061
0.358
3.463
6.752
1.788
0.398
0.020
12.902
55
0.010
0.051
0.235
3.412
5.333
1.348
0.296
10.685
60
0.031
0.235
2.227
2.656
0.817
0.072
6.037
65
0.143
1.195
0.654
0.143
0.041
2.176
70
0.153
0.102
0.020
0.010
0.286
75
0.010
0.082
0.092
80
0.010
0.010
0.020
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.020
0.112
0.245
0.582
0.981
1.257
2.155
5.629
26.826
35.060
15.221
7.498
2.891
1.011
0.378
0.092
0.031
0.010
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
37.96
0.00
78.85
38.75
40.91
1.43
8.63
-1.30
-9.04
2.745
3.864
1.373
1.689
1.605
3.241
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
2.043
61.651
30.575
5.731
0.326
0.515
0.194
9,789
317
Power)
11.420
4.075
2.650
3.421
3.442
4.793
5.849
7.834
0.000
14.517
8.288
3.336
1.109
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.67
0.1514
0.2037
0.8415
25.69
18.71
21.88
17.13
16.58
1.362
5.078
0.000
8.193
6.419
2.988
2.133
B-41
-------
Sacramento 2004 Diamond-Upgrade On-Ramp Driving (D-U), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
4.685
0.175
4.860
5
0.044
0.175
0.657
0.701
1.751
0.657
0.394
0.569
0.394
0.306
0.131
0.044
5.823
10
0.088
0.044
0.219
0.306
0.088
0.044
0.219
0.219
0.263
0.525
0.219
0.175
0.131
2.539
15
0.044
0.088
0.175
0.175
0.219
0.088
0.219
0.394
0.569
1.095
0.438
0.306
0.131
3.940
20
0.044
0.044
0.044
0.219
0.438
0.219
0.175
0.525
0.701
1.138
1.489
1.138
0.175
0.044
6.392
25
0.131
0.088
0.394
0.394
0.482
0.306
1.007
1.970
2.583
0.832
0.044
8.231
30
0.044
0.044
0.219
0.263
0.306
0.657
1.708
2.145
3.678
1.708
0.350
11.121
35
0.044
0.088
0.219
0.482
0.963
1.226
4.335
4.159
0.919
0.131
12.566
40
0.044
0.263
0.701
2.758
5.035
4.028
0.525
13.354
S
45
0.569
4.159
5.298
3.327
0.044
13.398
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.394
2.715
4.116
2.320
0.044
9.588
N
55
0.131
1.970
2.496
1.357
5.954
60
0.175
1.051
0.701
0.131
2.058
65
0.044
0.131
0.175
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.044
0.088
0.088
0.394
0.919
1.883
2.846
5.123
23.161
27.408
23.292
9.238
3.809
1.051
0.482
0.175
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
32.89
0.00
65.58
34.57
38.78
1.73
7.30
-1.40
-7.71
2.406
2.951
1.407
2.270
2.769
5.356
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.860
49.825
38.879
6.436
0.258
0.470
0.096
2,284
81
Power)
10.485
4.494
5.720
4.040
3.268
4.449
5.856
7.581
0.000
20.291
11.530
2.769
0.272
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.35
0.1544
0.2167
0.5556
28.77
13.31
18.21
22.20
17.51
0.726
3.178
0.000
2.678
3.314
2.043
0.636
B-42
-------
Sacramento 2004 Loop-Downgrade On-Ramp Driving (L-D), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
1.014
0.121
0.024
1.159
5
0.072
0.097
0.266
1.522
2.705
1.159
0.242
0.121
0.145
0.121
0.121
0.048
6.618
10
0.024
0.048
0.097
0.072
0.121
0.242
0.193
0.459
0.097
0.048
0.145
0.048
0.048
0.048
0.048
1.739
15
0.024
0.048
0.097
0.072
0.072
0.072
0.024
0.024
0.048
0.072
0.072
0.072
0.121
0.072
0.894
20
0.024
0.121
0.145
0.097
0.097
0.169
0.121
0.362
0.314
0.048
0.145
0.217
0.024
0.072
0.024
1.981
25
0.048
0.048
0.121
0.121
0.169
0.411
0.845
1.932
2.464
0.217
0.386
0.145
0.024
6.932
30
0.024
0.024
0.072
0.386
1.498
3.478
13.937
9.058
1.039
0.411
0.048
0.024
30.000
35
0.024
0.024
0.531
1.159
2.391
5.966
6.643
3.357
1.594
0.097
0.072
0.024
21.884
40
0.024
0.048
0.411
0.725
1.256
1.570
2.536
2.826
0.411
0.048
9.855
S
45
0.024
0.024
0.145
0.386
0.507
1.208
3.140
0.580
0.024
6.039
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.845
0.290
1.014
2.391
0.242
0.048
4.831
N
55
0.072
0.797
0.507
0.990
1.715
0.048
4.130
60
0.845
0.386
0.845
0.604
2.681
65
0.676
0.411
0.145
1.232
70
0.024
0.024
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.121
0.048
0.290
0.483
0.531
1.546
4.251
9.517
31.232
23.527
11.739
13.575
2.053
0.459
0.435
0.193
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
33.12
0.00
67.85
33.51
30.68
1.48
7.24
-1.25
-8.38
3.329
4.431
0.951
0.776
0.325
1.026
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.159
62.343
29.227
7.271
0.263
0.476
0.184
4,140
145
Power)
10.369
3.830
1.777
8.310
6.733
16.996
12.315
5.182
0.000
6.108
6.133
4.581
6.408
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.53
0.1588
0.2257
1.1336
29.64
29.86
11.40
6.21
22.90
0.100
2.278
0.000
0.726
0.901
1.126
5.657
B-43
-------
Sacramento 2004 Loop-Level On-Ramp Driving (L-L), No Grade Compensation SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
1.103
0.044
1.147
5
0.044
0.176
0.221
1.720
6.661
1.809
0.265
0.441
0.221
0.088
0.088
11.734
10
0.088
0.176
0.265
0.132
0.485
1.412
0.309
0.309
0.221
0.132
0.088
0.044
0.044
3.705
15
0.044
0.044
0.221
0.044
0.221
0.265
0.353
0.353
0.088
0.265
0.309
0.088
2.294
20
0.044
0.044
0.221
0.088
0.221
0.265
1.147
0.662
0.309
0.485
0.088
0.044
0.044
3.661
25
0.044
0.044
0.088
0.044
0.265
0.221
0.794
1.191
1.676
0.573
0.176
0.176
0.132
5.426
30
0.044
0.044
0.044
0.088
0.926
1.588
8.161
5.249
0.838
0.221
0.221
0.044
0.044
17.512
35
0.044
0.221
1.147
2.250
7.190
4.940
2.867
0.662
0.132
0.044
0.088
19.585
40
0.044
0.176
0.573
0.662
1.985
1.853
2.117
1.412
0.132
0.044
8.999
45
0.088
0.221
0.485
4.235
1.456
1.367
1.632
0.176
0.044
0.044
9.749
50
0.044
0.044
0.088
2.161
1.147
1.191
1.412
0.132
6.220
55
0.088
0.132
1.279
1.853
0.926
0.618
4.896
60
0.044
0.132
1.191
1.632
0.353
0.176
3.529
65
1.147
0.353
0.044
1.544
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.044
0.044
0.044
0.176
0.265
0.926
1.367
4.102
8.778
39.215
23.335
11.248
7.719
1.720
0.485
0.397
0.132
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
32.36
0.00
66.71
32.74
31.14
1.27
6.93
-1.01
-8.55
4.755
11.051
1.812
1.178
0.725
1.540
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.147
68.064
23.688
7.102
0.345
0.640
0.147
2,267
59
Power)
8.050
4.755
1.495
6.748
7.745
13.225
9.239
4.801
0.000
6.612
4.937
2.989
3.261
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.48
0.1167
0.1815
1.2025
35.69
29.55
12.13
8.51
14.12
0.634
2.717
0.000
2.989
3.080
1.087
2.627
B-44
-------
Sacramento 2004 Loop-Upgrade On-Ramp Driving (L-U), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
5
0.210
0.210
0.210
0.629
10
0.419
0.419
0.839
15
0.210
0.419
0.419
0.419
1.468
20
0.210
0.419
0.419
0.629
1.887
0.629
4.193
25
0.629
1.887
7.128
5.451
2.096
0.210
17.400
30
1.048
5.451
13.836
9.015
4.822
1.048
35.220
35
0.210
1.258
2.725
5.870
3.983
4.403
2.725
21.174
40
0.839
1.258
0.839
2.516
2.725
0.210
8.386
45
1.048
1.258
0.210
1.677
2.096
0.419
6.709
50
1.048
0.419
1.258
0.210
2.935
55
0.839
0.210
1.048
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.419
3.145
12.369
32.075
20.755
18.239
11.740
1.258
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph) 31.90
Min Speed (mph) 0.00
Max Speed (mph) 55.85
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph) 31.90
Avg Cruise Speed (mph) 31.10
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec) 1.43
Max Acceleration (mph/sec) 4.11
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec) -0.81
Max Deceleration (mph/sec) -3.08
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
0.000
65.199
31.237
3.564
0.235
0.442
0.000
477
18
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb) 3.52
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb) 0.1327
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb) 0.1918
Max Specific Power (hp/lb) 0.7447
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb 30.82
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb 28.30
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb 13.00
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb 12.58
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb 15.30
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific Power) Statistics
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne) 8.771
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph,
Bin 12% (0-25 mph,
Bin 13% (0-25 mph,
Bin 14% (0-25 mph,
Bin 15% (0-25 mph,
Bin 16% (0-25 mph,
<0 kw/tonne)
0-3 kw/tonne)
3-6 kw/tonne)
6-9 kw/tonne)
9-12 kw/tonne)
>=12 kw/tonne)
1.525
1.307
2.832
2.397
2.614
1.089
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph,
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph,
<0 kw/tonne)
0-3 kw/tonne)
3-6 kw/tonne)
6-9 kw/tonne)
9-12 kw/tonne)
12-18 kw/tonne)
18-24 kw/tonne)
24-30 kw/tonne)
>=30 kw/tonne)
0.436
0.000
13.290
11.765
17.429
11.983
3.486
0.000
11.765
6.754
4.575
4.357
Bin 33 % (
Bin 35 % (
Bin 37 % (
Bin 38 % (
Bin 39 % (
Bin 40 % (
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
>50 mph,
<6 kw/tonne)
6-12 kw/tonne)
12-18 kw/tonne)
18-24 kw/tonne)
24-30 kw/tonne)
>=30 kw/tonne)
O.OOi
1.30'
O.OOI
O.OOI
0.21i
0.21i
0.65'
B-45
-------
Sacramento 2004 Ramp-Metered On-Ramp Driving (MON), No Grade Compensation SAFD i
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
0
2.564
0.450
0.069
0.069
3.153
5
0.069
0.243
0.450
1.871
6.480
11.920
5.301
1.040
0.832
0.728
0.554
0.658
0.139
0.069
0.035
30.388
10
0.069
0.104
0.347
0.347
0.658
1.143
0.520
1.005
0.347
0.243
0.243
0.312
0.277
0.416
0.416
6.445
15
0.035
0.035
0.139
0.139
0.416
0.520
0.416
0.485
0.347
0.554
0.277
0.243
0.277
0.277
0.520
0.450
0.173
0.035
5.336
20
0.035
0.069
0.139
0.312
0.416
0.520
0.450
0.520
0.243
0.312
0.243
0.520
0.901
0.832
0.173
0.243
0.035
5.960
25
0.069
0.243
0.312
0.554
0.866
0.658
0.485
0.658
0.520
1.213
1.455
0.693
0.104
0.035
7.866
30
0.035
0.035
0.069
0.069
0.312
0.450
0.728
1.074
1.629
3.812
1.525
1.490
1.490
0.277
0.035
13.028
35
0.035
0.104
0.069
0.312
0.450
0.485
1.559
2.911
1.802
1.351
1.005
0.173
0.035
10.291
40
0.069
0.104
0.243
0.277
0.589
1.836
1.490
0.970
0.554
0.139
0.069
6.341
S
45
0.035
0.069
0.173
0.728
1.525
1.386
0.970
0.312
0.035
5.232
PEEDB
(mph)
50
0.069
0.069
0.173
0.866
0.901
0.728
0.208
3.015
N
55
0.035
0.035
0.104
0.520
0.485
0.520
1.698
60
0.035
0.901
0.277
0.035
1.247
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.104
0.208
0.450
0.970
2.010
3.084
4.435
6.791
12.890
29.383
15.003
9.390
7.346
3.465
1.767
1.802
0.762
0.104
0.035
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
21.32
0.00
61.97
22.02
21.19
1.83
8.63
-1.76
-9.04
12.257
17.732
1.837
1.660
1.660
5.299
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
3.153
53.950
24.809
18.087
0.311
0.875
1.346
2,886
55
Power)
3.245
14.518
5.616
5.899
4.027
5.228
2.861
3.144
0.000
6.146
4.698
2.119
0.883
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.59
0.0875
0.1672
0.7886
47.68
24.57
8.35
6.79
12.61
0.318
1.484
0.000
1.201
0.318
0.530
0.565
B-46
-------
Sacramento 2004 Non-Metered On-Ramp Driving (MOF), No Grade Compensation SAFD (%)
ACCEL
BIN
(mph/s|
-20
-19
-18
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Totals
SPEED BIN
(mph)
0
1.877
0.086
0.006
0.017
1.985
5
0.011
0.017
0.074
0.097
0.268
0.856
0.297
0.148
0.268
0.200
0.154
0.023
2.413
10
0.011
0.017
0.063
0.057
0.091
0.125
0.291
0.137
0.171
0.285
0.257
0.165
0.063
0.006
1.740
15
0.017
0.057
0.029
0.040
0.108
0.097
0.228
0.314
0.285
0.462
0.302
0.143
0.023
2.105
20
0.011
0.029
0.040
0.051
0.068
0.154
0.194
0.513
0.513
0.627
0.747
0.479
0.097
0.006
3.531
25
0.006
0.006
0.011
0.040
0.103
0.097
0.205
0.525
1.158
1.523
0.913
0.890
0.439
0.068
5.983
30
0.006
0.017
0.011
0.068
0.177
0.548
1.397
5.481
4.312
1.814
0.856
0.348
0.034
0.006
15.075
35
0.006
0.011
0.017
0.034
0.188
0.610
1.363
3.913
4.620
3.091
1.289
0.171
0.034
0.017
15.366
40
0.017
0.023
0.057
0.240
0.633
2.481
4.073
3.006
1.523
0.188
0.006
0.006
12.252
45
0.006
0.023
0.034
0.086
0.433
2.869
4.637
2.464
1.329
0.200
0.011
0.011
1 2.1 04
50
0.006
0.029
0.040
0.245
2.818
4.894
1.928
1.015
0.091
0.011
11.077
55
0.034
0.194
2.692
4.078
1.369
0.684
0.017
9.069
60
0.023
0.183
1.882
2.105
0.804
0.211
5.208
65
0.080
1.055
0.559
0.131
0.034
1.859
70
0.097
0.057
0.011
0.006
0.171
75
0.006
0.046
0.051
80
0.006
0.006
0.011
85
90
95
100
TOTALS
0.006
0.029
0.097
0.217
0.416
0.821
2.236
5.738
28.223
32.255
16.769
9.617
2.692
0.724
0.143
0.017
100.000
Summary Statistics
Avg Speed (mph)
Min Speed (mph)
Max Speed (mph)
Avg Non-Idle Speed (mph)
Avg Cruise Speed (mph)
Avg Acceleration (mph/sec)
Max Acceleration (mph/sec)
Avg Deceleration (mph/sec)
Max Deceleration (mph/sec)
Bin 11 % (0-25 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 12 % (0-25 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 13 % (0-25 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 14 % (0-25 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 15 % (0-25 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 16 % (0-25 mph, >=12 kw/tonne)
38.06
0.00
78.85
38.83
39.59
1.44
6.93
-1.01
-7.71
1.301
2.206
1.301
1.490
1.384
2.454
Time at Idle (%)
Time at Cruise (%)
Time in Accel (%)
Time in Decel (%)
Avg Trip Length (miles)
Avg Trip Time (min)
# Stops per Mile
# of 1-Sec Observations
# of Trips
EPA VSP (Vehicle Specific
EPA Avg Veh Spec Pwr, VSP (kW/tonne)
Bin 0 % (braking)
Bin 1 % (idle)
Bin 21 % (25-50 mph, <0 kw/tonne)
Bin 22 % (25-50 mph, 0-3 kw/tonne)
Bin 23 % (25-50 mph, 3-6 kw/tonne)
Bin 24 % (25-50 mph, 6-9 kw/tonne)
Bin 25 % (25-50 mph, 9-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 27 % (25-50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 28 % (25-50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 29 % (25-50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 30 % (25-50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
1.985
61.220
32.712
4.084
0.299
0.471
0.065
17,532
620
Power)
12.191
2.105
2.259
4.890
4.730
8.994
8.314
7.143
0.000
13.470
8.905
4.045
2.685
Avg Specific PKE (hp-sec/lb)
Avg Total Specific Power (hp/lb)
Avg Non-Zero Specific Power (hp/lb)
Max Specific Power (hp/lb)
Spec Pwr Freq (%): 0 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0-0.1 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.1-0.2 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.2-0.3 hp/lb
Spec Pwr Freq (%): >0.3 hp/lb
Statistics
Bin 33 % (>50 mph, <6 kw/tonne)
Bin 35 % (>50 mph, 6-12 kw/tonne)
Bin 37 % (>50 mph, 12-18 kw/tonne)
Bin 38 % (>50 mph, 18-24 kw/tonne)
Bin 39 % (>50 mph, 24-30 kw/tonne)
Bin 40 % (>50 mph, >=30 kw/tonne)
4.62
0.1632
0.2158
1.2025
24.36
20.89
19.21
16.04
19.50
1.011
4.393
0.000
5.872
5.328
2.602
3.122
B-47
-------
APPENDIX C
Final Link-Level Driving Cycle Traces
-------
Rural Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles
Rural Principal Arterial Interstate (FC=01) Driving Cycle
90
£ 70
o
E fin
* ' en .
4n .
w °u
?n .
m .
n .
tfWW
l\-mA /v*
fJUfv**
LrtAAu/1 u
wvy^v^^v
*>A<*
xJLA/VV VLA
vv^yvv
Vy-^-v
\r
J"W«L,»A
\A^
A AA/UA
'VA' V
K^>r^
r8 «r
^
L 4 =
4 E
. 9 '
Z C
. n o
. 9 IS
. 4 a>
~4
-------
Rural Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Rural Major Arterial (FC=06) Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
Rural Minor Arterial (FC=07) Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
Note: Time scale is longer than for other FC cycle plots
Time (seconds)
Rural Collector (FC=08) Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
C-2
-------
Rural Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Rural Local Roadway (FC=09) Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
C-2
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles
Urban Principal Arterial Interstate (FC=11) LOS A Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
Urban Principal Arterial Interstate (FC=11) LOS B Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600
Time (seconds)
700
800
900
1000
Urban Principal Arterial Interstate (FC=11) LOS C Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
C-4
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Principal Arterial Interstate (FC=11) LOS D Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
Urban Principal Arterial Interstate (FC=11) LOS E Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
Urban Principal Arterial Interstate (FC=11) LOS F Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
C-5
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Principal Arterial Other Freeway/Expressway (FC=12) LOS A Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900 1000
Urban Principal Arterial Other Freeway/Expressway (FC=12) LOS B Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900 1000
Urban Principal Arterial Other Freeway/Expressway (FC=12) LOS C Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900 1000
C-6
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Principal Arterial Other Freeway/Expressway (FC=12) LOS D Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
Urban Principal Arterial Other Freeway/Expressway (FC=12) LOS E Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
Urban Principal Arterial Other Freeway/Expressway (FC=12) LOS F Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
1000
C-7
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Other Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS A Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
Urban Other Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS B Driving Cycle
200 300 400 500 600 700 800
100
900
Time (seconds)
1000
Urban Other Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS C Driving Cycle
100
200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Other Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS D Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900 1000
Urban Other Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS E Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Time (seconds)
Urban Other Principal Arterial (FC=14) LOS F Driving Cycle
100
90
80
70
60
50
40'
30
20'
10'
0'
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Time (seconds)
10
8
6
Q.
0 .2
-2 2
-4 %
-6
u
o
<
-10
1000
C-9
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Minor Arterial (FC=16) LOS A Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
Urban Minor Arterial (FC=16) LOS B Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
Urban Minor Arterial (FC=16) LOS C Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
C-10
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Minor Arterial (FC=16) LOS D Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
Urban Minor Arterial (FC=16) LOS E Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600
Time (seconds)
700 800
900
1000
Urban Minor Arterial (FC=16) LOS F Driving Cycle
100
90
80
70
60
50
40'
30'
20'
10'
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
1000
-
Q.
C-ll
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS A-C Driving Cycle
100
200
300
400
500
Time (seconds)
600
700
800
900
-10
1000
Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS D Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
Urban Collector (FC=17) LOS E-F Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600
Time (seconds)
700
800
900
1000
C-12
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Urban Local Roadway (FC=19) LOS A-C Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
Urban Local Roadway (FC=19) LOS D-F Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
C-13
-------
Urban Functional Class (FC) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Freeway On-Ramp Driving Cycle
1 nn H
90
on .
'P 7n -
c 60-
E DU
[ h
m m
t40 J/SkllF I V
M JU
10-
n -
\ A
A
U
u
I
JU
f
P
y. .
w
m
r
IA 1 1
UA^
'VJl/
ft
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
peed
ccel
900
6"^
L 4 =
4 E
^ c
. n o
. 9 IS
. C 0
. a <
. in
1000
Freeway Off-Ramp Driving Cycle
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
100 200 300 400 500 600
Time (seconds)
700 800
900
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
1000
Freeway-to-Freeway Transition Ramp Driving Cycle
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time (seconds)
900
1000
C-14
-------
Specialized Freeway On-Ramp (OR) Driving Cycles
Diamond, Downgrade Freeway On-Ramp Driving Cycle
90
on .
'p* yn .
o
E Rn
"~" ' ^n
4n .
w °u
?n .
m .
n .
S\
/ ^
/
/
y
.
^
_^
s
^-
~4
+S~^
^^~^-^
_j**
ff^^
r8 «r
6-^
L 4 =
4 E
. 9 '
^ C
. n o
. 9 IS
4 ""
~4
-------
Specialized Freeway On-Ramp (OR) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Loop, Downgrade Freeway On-Ramp Driving Cycle
90
on .
'p* yn .
o
E Rn
4n .
M 30-
9n .
m .
n .
s~**~-*
*r
> \
XX
_J«"II~
^_
/-
/
-S
r8 TR
6-^
L 4 =
4 E
. 9 '
^ =
Oo
. 9 IS
. 4 *>
~4
s
r8 TR
6-^
L 4 =
4 E
. 9 '
^ C
. n o
. 9 IS
. 4 a>
~4
r8 TR
6-^
L 4 =
4 E
. 9 '
\ Z =
Oo
. 9 IS
. 4 a>
~4
-------
Specialized Freeway On-Ramp (OR) Driving Cycles (cont.)
Metered Freeway On-Ramp Driving Cycle
90
on .
'p* yn .
= RO
4n .
w JU
?n .
m .
^ \
^-
/^
S. /
V
x
x^^
>-*^ *-
-T- ^
^^
^^-^
f\ 1
v/
A
' ^
/
/
/
\^
~~^-r
^^
r8 «
6-^
L 4 Q-
0 ^
=
00
. 9 IS
X
*~~^
+
8 «
. fi "s
5 e
2 ^
r z =
00
. 9 IS
4 ""
~4
-------
APPENDIX D
MOVES vs. CAMP Measured Emission Rates
-------
120
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1993/Age8-9/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
100
80
o
In
O)
O
60
40
20
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-l
-------
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1993/Age8-9/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
3500
3000
2500
o 2000
In
ro
i_
O)
O 1500
O
1000
500
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-2
-------
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1993/Age8-9/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
300
250-
200
o
In
ra
150
100-
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-3
-------
90
80
70
60
o
50
ro
O
40-
30-
20
10
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1994/Age8-9/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-4
-------
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1994/Age8-9/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
in
ra
i_
O)
O
O
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-5
-------
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1994/Age8-9/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
300
250-
200
o
In
ra
150
100-
50
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-6
-------
100
90
80
70
o
In
ra
O
60
50
40
30
20
10
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1995/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-7
-------
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1995/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
O)
O
1500
1000
500
0 +
10 20
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
30
40
>50 mph
D-8
-------
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1995/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
250
200
= 150
o
In
s
O)
100
50
10 20
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
30
40
>50 mph
D-9
-------
50
45
40
35
= 30
o
In
s
O)
O
25
20
15
10
'v.
0**-
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1996/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-10
-------
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1996/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
Annn ^
ocnn -
innn -
ocnn
o
.c
l/i
Eonnn -
CO
k.
O)
0
o
1 inn
mnn
enn
o-:
(
rwr'^w^*Jt^W
V
ij
7x
^^₯
<-* *^r^stt~m-
ll
II
1
i.' I
u
X f //
Sp
n^^-*^^
v^ *^
>
--MOVES
^i^Ave
1 ^^002
^^017
-»-029
039
>
I
) 10 20 30 40
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph >50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
D-ll
-------
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1996/Age6-7/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
250
200
= 150
o
In
s
O)
100
50
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-12
-------
25
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1997/Age4-5/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
20
In
o
10
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-13
-------
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
I 1000
1_
O)
S 800
600
400
200
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1997/Age4-5/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-14
-------
250
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1997/Age4-5/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
200
= 150
o
In
s
O)
100
50
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-15
-------
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1998/Age4-5/Car
140-
120-
100-
k.
| 80-
1/i
S
O)
0 60-
X
40-
20-
0 J
C
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
. I 1
W-
1
y
~~^
ii
i1 ,
_ fc-_M_J^^I
--MOVES
^i^Ave
^^004
^^009
-»-011
>
) 10 20 30 40
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph >50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
D-16
-------
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1998/Age4-5/Car
9000 -
8000 -
7000 -
6000 -
i_
3
| 5000 -
i
k.
o
o
2000 -
1000 -
0 ^
(
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
1
_J£
I1 i
,
: J
--MOVES
AVG
^^004
^^009
-»-011
I
i
I
) 10 20 30 40
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph >50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
D-17
-------
140
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1998/Age4-5/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
120
100
o
In
ra
80
60
40
20-
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-18
-------
0-r
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1999/AgeO-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-19
-------
4000
3500
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1999/AgeO-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-20
-------
140
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1999/AgeO-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-21
-------
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY2000/Age 0-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
-MOVES
Ave
007
012
013
027
043
mph
1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
>50 mph
D-22
-------
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY2000/Age 0-3/Car
4500 -
4000 -
3500 -
3000 -
3
| 2500 -
i
ro
°> 2000 -
O
O
1500 -
1000 -
500 -
0 :
(
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
*.^-^Jt
I
|
|
/_
~J
i
/
IJ
MOVES
^
027
043
) 10 20 30 40
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph >50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
D-23
-------
140
120
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY2000/Age 0-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
-MOVES
Ave
007
012
013
027
043
mph
20 30
1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-24
-------
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY2001/Age 0-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-25
-------
2500
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY2001/Age 0-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
o 4
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-26
-------
40
30
o
s
"20 +
10
k
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY2001/Age 0-3/Car
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1-25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-27
-------
25
20
15
«
s
O)
o
10
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1997/Age4-5/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
30
40
>50 mph
D-28
-------
4000
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1997/Age4-5/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
3500
3000
2500
2000
O)
O
O
1500
1000
500
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-29
-------
140
120
100
80
n
d 60
40
20-
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1997/Age4-5/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
0 10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-30
-------
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1998/Age4-5/LDT
40-
35-
30-
= 25"
o
| 20-
O)
O
10-
5-
1
O^l
(
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
&
I
lat^l^M
\
I >
i -i
n
r
J 1
^-S^i^*
/,
' ^ / I/.
' ^^tt^
--MOVES
^0«
-»-019
033
*- 042
1
i
»
1
) 10 20 30 40
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph >50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
D-31
-------
2500
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1998/Age4-5/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
-MOVES
Ave
016
018
019
033
042
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-32
-------
140
120
100
o
In
ra
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1998/Age4-5/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
30
-MOVES
Ave
016
018
019
033
042
40
>50 mph
D-33
-------
18
16
14'
12
«
s
O)
o
10-
8-
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY1999/AgeO-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-34
-------
1600
1400
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY1999/AgeO-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-35
-------
90
80
70
60
o
==50-
in
ra
40-
30
20
10
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY1999/AgeO-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-36
-------
18
16
14'
12
O
10-
8-
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY2000/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-37
-------
1600
1400
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY2000/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-38
-------
90
80
70
60
o
ro
50-
40-
30
20
10
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY2000/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-39
-------
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY2001/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-40
-------
900
800
100
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY2001/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-41
-------
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY2001/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-42
-------
= 5
o
|4
O)
O
MOVES THC Emission Rate Bins
MY2002/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-43
-------
900
MOVES CO Emission Rate Bins
MY2002/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
800
700
600
500-
ro
°>
O
o
400-
300
200
100
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (SpeedA/SP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-44
-------
30
25
20
o
In
s
O)
15
10
MOVES NOx Emission Rate Bins
MY2002/Age 0-3/LDT
Sierra/Caltrans 2002 Fleet Comparison
10 20 30
<1 mph 1 - 25 mph 25 - 50 mph
Bin (Speed/VSP combination)
40
>50 mph
D-45
-------
APPENDIX E
Responses to EPA Comments
-------
Comment p. 48-49: Sierra describes how a comparison of Speed-Acceleration Frequency
Distributions (SAFD's) from the gathered data and a proposed representative drive-cycle
is not enough to determine if the representative drive-cycle is the best among the 50
created. In addition to the SAFD comparison, Sierra constructed "a weighting function
over those SAFD speed and acceleration bins for which high emissions were found ...".
However, the weighting function used (see Table 4-6) seems rather arbitrary - How does
Sierra know this weighting function serves the purpose of providing an additional basis
for comparison between the actual data and the representative drive-cycles?
Response: As described on p. 48, the weighting function was developed from modal
emission test results of 12 vehicles. The measured emissions of HC, CO, and NOx from
these vehicles were examined over the SAFD. However, since this test sample was not
broadly representative of the fleet (nor future fleets with different emission control
technologies), a "roughly" binary-based weighting function was developed to simply
identify those regions within the entire speed-acceleration domain where emissions were
higher. As explained in the report, this weighting function was used only as a
"tiebreaker" when evaluating unweighted SAFDs (speed-acceleration frequency
distributions) that exhibited nearly identical representativeness of their intended driving
population. We believe this narrow use of the emissions weighting function is
appropriate for selecting between two candidate driving cycles with very similar
representativeness of the driving population.
Comment p. 50: In Table 4-7, what is the "Total" column a total of? It is not the sum of
Non-Cruise and Emis-Wtd. DiffSum's.
Response: A clarifying sentence was added to explain the meaning of the Total Diffsum
in Table 4-7.
Comment p. 61: In Figure 5-14, why is there low-speed creep behavior in the Diamond
Level-Grade On-Ramp drive-cycle? Neither the Diamond up-grade or down-grade have
this behavior and it does not state that this is a metered on-ramp (see Figure 5-19).
Response: The specialized on-ramp driving cycles discussed in this section of the report
are not mutually exclusive between ramp-metering and ramp configuration (shape and
grade). In other words, any of the ramp configurations represented in Figures 5-13
through 5-18 can include both metered and non-metered ramps. Similarly, metered and
non-metered ramp cycles shown in Figures 5-19 and 5-20 can include any combination of
ramp configuration (e.g., Diamond, Level Grade). The decision to make the metering
and ramp configuration driving groups not mutually exclusive was governed by the
amount of available driving data.
The low-speed creep EPA observed for the Diamond-Level Grade cycle shown in
Figure 5-14 is indeed travel that occurred on a metered ramp. As noted in Section 5.1,
Sierra recognized that cycles generated by grafting trip segments together tend to break
down for these specialized on-ramp cycles (since trip segments that generally consist of
an overall acceleration cannot be grafted together). As a result, we proposed an
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alternative means to representing on-ramp driving patterns in MOVESuse of the
VSP/speed bin distributions for the entire driving population. In addition, the
Sacramento driving data on which these ramp cycles were based were somewhat limited
and did not include broad sampling of each ramp. Thus, some of the differences in
driving patterns seen in each on-ramp group may result from sample bias.
Comment p. 69: In Table 6-3, the "%Diff" column is not labeled correctly. For example,
the first entry for THC is:
THC (grams/hour) |
MOVES Meas %Diff
20.43 0.60 3%
So in this entry, the % difference is 97% [ (20.43 - 0.6) / 20.43 = 0.97 ], not 3%. This
column could instead be called a proportion of Meas to MOVES.
Response: EPA is correct. The narrative on p. 69 was edited to define the "%Diff
column as the proportion of the MOVES emission rate represented by the measured
value.
Comment p. 69-70: Sierra points out that the average CO emission rate in MOVES for
1994 model year cars is higher than the emission rate for 1993 cars. This was confirmed
by Ed and Sean, and a similar trend is present in the MOVES Draft database. This is
possibly explained by the fact that the highest emitting bins are too heavily weighted and
1994 cars are still "cleaner" because most of the emissions occur in the low emitting bins,
but does not explain why those high emitting bins are (presumably much) higher for 1994
cars.
Response: No response warranted.
Comment p. C-14: In general, the ramp driving cycles do not appear logical in many
cases, but this page in particular shows drive cycles that seem very unrealistic. For
instance, in the on-ramp drive-cycle, the vehicle stops 3 times and it takes 240 seconds (4
minutes). Similarly, for the off-ramp drive, the vehicle stops or nearly stops 7 times and
it takes 350 seconds (nearly 6 minutes).
Response: The generalized on-ramp and off-ramp cycles plotted in Appendix C, p, C-14
should not be confused with individual ramp driving traverses. The ramp cycles plotted
on p. C-14 were intentionally given cycle times of several minutes to increase their
representativeness of their intended driving populations and thus can include multiple
individual traverses. The stops EPA notes in its comment likely reflect individual
traverses or instances where the vehicle stopped (e.g., a metered on-ramp) that allowed
the cycle building software the ability to graft on another driving segment.
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The fact that the specialized on-ramp driving groups contained so few segments which
could be smoothly grafted onto each other (due to a stop or steady cruise portion) is what
led to their shorter times and poorer fits to their driving populations.
Comment p. C-17: The metered on-ramp drive cycle only goes up to a speed of 40 mph.
All of the other on-ramp drive cycles go up to almost 50 mph and some up to 60mph.
Response: The is an artifact of the limited amount of metered ramp driving data and the
problematic use of the driving segment cycle building process for the specialized on-
ramp cycles. The entire specialized on-ramp database consisted of some 20,400 seconds
of driving data. Of these, only 2,886 seconds (about 14%) were collected on metered
ramps. Since meters are operated during peak commute periods, it is likely that the
highest speeds are lower than non-metered ramps as the vehicles merge onto a congested
freeway. Comparison of the driving statistics for the metered and non-metered ramp
driving population groups contained in Appendix A (p. A-46 and A-47) show top speeds
of 62 and 79 mph, respectively. Thus, the lower maximum speed of the metered driving
data group (or driving cycle) likely results from the freeway congestion that is prevalent
when the ramp meter is operating.
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