&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA/600/R/12/631 September 2012 www.epa.gov/ord
''-
e a n
Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine
and Estuarine Species in the
North Pacific
EPA
USGS
PICES
Authored By Henry Lee II (EPA) and Deborah Reusser (USGS)
With contributions from: Katharine Marko, Caroline Emch-Wei, Emily Saarinen,
Tad Larsen, Meredith Payne, and PICES Working Group 21 members
Office of
Research and Development
National Health and
Environmental Effects
Research Laboratory
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EPA/600/R/12/631
Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine and Estuarine Species
in the North Pacific
Henry Lee II
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Research and Development
National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory
Western Ecology Division
and
Deborah A. Reusser
U.S. Geological Survey
Ecosystems
Western Fisheries Research Center
With Contributions by
Katie Marko, Emily Saarinen, Tad Larsen,
Caroline Emch-Wei, Meredith Payne, and PICES WG21 members
-------
DISCLAIMER:
The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (U.S. EPA). The publication was subjected to review by the National Health and
Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS), and is approved for publication. However, approval does not signify
that the contents reflect the views of the U.S. EPA. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names
in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader; such use does not
constitute official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Interior, the USGS, or the
EPA of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The views and
terms expressed in the information presented here are those of the contributing scientists under their
responsibilities and do not necessarily represent the views of the North Pacific Marine Science
Organization (PICES). In all cases, scientific content, geographic names and data were not edited
by PICES.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
We would like to acknowledge the following funding sources in supporting the development of
the "Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine and Estuarine Species in the North Pacific.", the "PICES
Nonindigenous Species Information System", and the "User's Guide and Metadata for the
PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System": the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture,
Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
and the Western Regional Panel of the Aquatic Nuisance Species Task Force. Deborah Reusser
was partially funded through a USGS Geography Research Prospectus and by the AMI/GEOSS
lAGs #DW-14-92231501-0 and #DW-14-95779101-0 from the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Darlene L. Smith, as chair of Working Group 21 (Non-indigenous Aquatic Species) of
North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES), as well as all the members of Working
Group 21, provided support and insights in making the Atlas and PICES database possible.
Special thanks go to Gustav Paulay and Lucius G. El dredge who provided detailed reviews of an
earlier version of the Atlas and database and to Katie Marko, Lee McCoy, Gayle Hansen, Jody
Stecher, Rebecca Loiselle, Rene Graham, and Chris Janousek for reviewing the database and
User's Guide. In addition, we thank all the people who diligently provided data entry support for
the PICES database, especially Katie Marko, Rene Graham, Emily Saarinen, Caroline
Emch-Wei, Karen Ebert, Stacy Strickland, Jody Stecher, Maria Ranelletti, Laurel Hillmann, Joan
Cabreza, Aaron Norwood, and others. GIS support was provided by Meredith Payne and Patrick
Clinton. Taxonomic assistance was provided by John Chapman, Kathy Welch, and Gayle
Hansen; programming support by Tad Larsen, Rachel Nehmer and Dustin Wilson; and quality
assurance assistance from Melanie Frazier, Rebecca Loiselle, and Justin Saarinen.
COVER PHOTOS:
Green crab holding a CD by Deborah Reusser, U.S. Geological Survey; Map of the North Pacific
and ecoregions of PICES member countries, Patrick Clinton, U.S. EPA; Yaquina Head
Lighthouse and Poole Slough in Yaquina Bay, Newport, OR, Eric Vance, U.S. EPA.
-------
SUGGESTED CITATIONS:
Lee II, H. and Reusser, D. A., 2012. Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine and Estuarine Species in the
North Pacific. Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects
Research Laboratory, EPA/600/R/12/631.
Suggested citations for companion database and user's guide:
Lee II, H. and Reusser, D. A., 2012. PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System. Office
of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory.
Microsoft Access database.
Lee II, H., Reusser, D.A., Marko, K.M., and Ranelletti, M. 2012. User's Guide and Metadata for
the PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System. Office of Research and Development,
National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, EPA/600/R/12/654.
AUTHOR AFFILIATIONS:
Henry Lee II: Pacific Coast Ecology Branch, Western Ecology Division, National Health and
Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Newport
OR 97365.
Deborah A. Reusser: Newport Duty Station, Western Fisheries Research Center, Ecosystems,
U.S. Geological Survey, Newport OR 97365.
in
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Disclaimer ii
Acknowledgements ii
List of Figures xxiii
List of Tables xxiv
Executive Summary xxv
Introduction 1
Overview 1
Caveats 2
Approach and Definitions 3
Marine Biogeographic Schema and Geographic Scope of the Atlas 3
Taxonomic Scope of the Atlas 4
Definitions for Species' Invasion and Population Status 4
Definitions for Species' Population Status 5
Taxonomy and "Also Known As" Alternative Names 6
Species Profiles - Summarizing Distributions and Natural History 8
Results and Analysis 9
Taxonomic Patterns of Invasion 9
Spatial Patterns of Invasion 10
Vectors of Introduction 14
Maps of MEOW Regions 15
Graphs of Nonindigenous Species Distributions by Taxa and Region 38
Deciphering Species Information: Key to Abbreviations in Species Profiles 49
Tables 51
Table Key to Species Profiles 51
Vectors 54
Regimes 56
Ecosystems 57
Depth 61
Substrate 62
Salinity 65
Trophic Modes 66
Reproductive Strategies 68
Early Development Mechanisms 70
Juvenile Development and Dispersal 70
Habitat Types 72
IV
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FUNGI 76
Ascomycota 76
Claviceps purpurea var. spartinae 78
Cytospora rhizophorae 80
Etheirophora blepharospora 82
CHROMISTA 84
Cercozoa 84
Bonamia ostreae 86
Haplosporidium nelsoni 88
Ciliophora (ciliates) 90
Ancistrocoma pelseneeri 92
Ancistmm cyclidioides 94
Boveria teredinidi 96
Conidophrys pilisuctor 98
Cothurnia limnoriae 100
Eufolliculina lignicola 102
Lagenophrys cochinensis 104
Lobochona prorates 106
Mirofolliculina limnoriae 108
Sphenophyra dosiniae 110
Foraminifera (forams) 112
Haynesina germanica 114
Trochammina hadai 116
Ochrophyta 118
Class: Bacillariophyceae (diatoms) 118
Attheya armata 120
Pseudo-nitzschia americana 122
Class: Phaeophyceae (brown algae) 124
Ascophyllum nodosum 126
Cutleria multifida 128
Desmarestia ligulata 130
Dictyotaflabellata 132
Elachista nigra 134
Fucus cottonii 136
Macrocystis pyrifera 138
Microspongium globosum 140
Nemacystus decipiens 142
Pylaiella littoralis 144
Ralfsia bornetii 146
Saccharinajaponica 148
Saccharina longissima 150
Sargassum horneri 152
Sargassum muticum 154
Striaria attenuata 156
-------
Undaria pinnatifida 158
Myzozoa 160
Apicomplexa 160
Cephaloidophora communis 162
Dinozoa (dinoflagellates) 164
Alexandrium margalefi 166
Alexandrium tamutum 168
Dinophysis caudata 770
Heterocapsa circularisquama 772
Peridiniopsis penardiforme 174
Perkinsusmarinus 176
PLANTAE 178
Biliphyta 178
Rhodophyta (red algae) 178
Acanthophora spicifera 180
Aglaothamnion tenuissimum 182
Asparagopsis armata 184
Asparagopsis taxiformis 186
Bonnemaisonia hamifera 188
Callithamnion corymbosum 190
Caulacanthus ustulatus 192
Ceramium cimbricum 194
Ceramium giacconei 196
Ceramium kondoi 198
Ceramium sinicola 200
Chroodactylon ornatum 202
Corynomorpha prismatica 204
Dasya sessilis 20<5
Eucheuma denticulatum 208
Gelidium vagum 270
Gracilaria salicornia 272
Gracilaria tikvahiae 214
Gracilaria vermiculophylla 27<5
Grateloupia lanceolata 27$
Grateloupia turuturu 220
Hypnea musciformis 222
Kappaphycus alvarezii 224
Kappaphycus striatus 22<5
Lomen taria hakodatensis 22$
Neosiphonia harveyi 230
Polysiphonia brodiei 232
Polysiphonia denudata 234
Viridaeplantae 236
Chlorophyta (green algae) 236
Avrainvillea amadelpha 23$
vi
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Bryopsis sp. (Cohen andCarlton, 1995) 240
Caulerpa taxifolia 242
Codium fragile fragile 244
Udotea argentea 246
Ulva californica 248
Ulva expansa 250
Ulva lactuca 252
Ulva pertusa 254
Ulva rigida 256
Magnoliophyta (flowering plants) 258
Ammophila arenaria 260
Bmguiera sexangula 262
Conocarpus erectus 264
Halophila decipiens 266
Limosella australis 268
Rhizophora mangle 270
Spartina alterniflora 272
Spartina anglica 274
Spartina densiflora 276
Spartina patens 27$
Zosterajaponica 2SO
ANIMALIA 282
Porifera (sponges) 282
Chalinula loosanoffi 284
Clathria prolifera 286
Cliona thoosina 288
Gelliodes fibrosa 2PO
Halichondria bowerbanki 2P2
Halichondria coerulea 294
Halichondria melanodocia 296
Haliclona caemlea 298
Monanchora sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 300
Mycale cecilia 302
Mycale grandis 304
Mycale parishi 306
Prosuberites sp. (Hartman, 1975) 30$
Suberites aurantiacus 370
Cnidaria 312
Class: Anthozoa (sea anemones/corals) 312
Aiptasia cf. insignis 314
Aiptasiomorpha minima 316
Bunodeopsis sp. A (Engle and Richards, 2001) 318
Carijoa riisei 320
Culicia rachelfitzhar dingeae 322
Diadumene cincta 324
Diadumene franciscana 326
vii
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Diadumene leucolena 328
Diadumene lineata 330
Nematostella vectensis 332
Synandwakia hozawai 334
Class: Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 336
Copula sivickisi 338
Class: Hydrozoa (hydroids) 340
Amphinemasp. (Rees, 2000) 342
Bimeria vestita 344
Black/or dia virginica 346
Bougainvillia muscus 348
Cladonema pacificum 350
Cladonema radiatum 352
Clava multicornis 354
Clytia hemisphaerica 356
Cordylophora caspia 358
Corymorpha sp. (Cohen andCarlton, 1995) 360
Garveia franciscana 362
Garveia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) 364
Gonothyraea loveni 366
Laomedea calceolifera 368
Laomedea flexuosa 370
Maeotias marginata 372
Moerisia sp. (Rees and Gershwin, 2000) 374
Obelia bidentata 376
Obelia dichotoma Cmplx 37$
Pennaria disticha 3SO
Pinauay crocea 3S2
Podocorynoides minima 384
Thuiaria thuiarioides 386
Turritopsis nutricula Cmplx 388
Class: Scyphozoa (jellyfish) 390
Anomalorhiza shawi 3P2
Aurelia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) 394
Aureliasp. 1 (Dawson etal, 2005) 396
Cassiopea andromeda 398
Cassiopeasp. 3 (Holland et. al., 2004) 400
Phyllorhiza punctata 402
Ctenophora (comb jellyfish) 404
Vallicula multiformis 406
Nematoda (nematodes) 408
Camallanus cotti 410
Platyhelminthes (flatworms and tapeworms) 412
Ascocotyle tenuicollis 414
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi 416
Vlll
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Cercaria batillariae 418
Gyrodactylus anguillae 420
Khawia iowensis 422
Koinostylochus ostreophagus 424
Neobene denia melleni 426
Neoheterobothrium hirame 428
Salsuginus seculus 430
Stylochoplana limnoriae 432
Taenioplana teredini 434
Annelida 436
Class: Clitellata (oligochaetes and leaches) 436
Chaetogaster diaphanus 438
Limnodriloides monothecus 440
Monopylephorus evertus 442
Myzobdella lugubris 444
Paranaisfrici 446
Tubificoides brownae 448
Tubificoides diazi 450
Tubificoideswasselli 452
Class: Polychaeta 454
Alitta succinea 456
Amaeana sp. (Cohen et al., 2005) 458
Amblyosyllis speciosa 460
Amphiglena mediterranea 462
Axiothella quadrimaculata 464
Bispirasp.A (Cohen et al, 2002) 466
Boccardiella hamata 468
Boccardiella ligerica 470
Branchiomma bairdi 472
Branchiommajaponica 474
Brevicirrosyllis weismanni 476
Caulleriella acicula 478
Chaetopterus variopedatus Cmplx 480
Clymenella torquata 482
Cmcigerawebsteri 484
Demonaxsp.A (Cohen et al., 2002) 486
Dipolydora commensalis 488
Dipolydora normalis 490
Eumida sanguinea 492
Eusyllisjaponica 494
Exogone longicornis 496
Ficopomatus enigmaticus 498
Ficopomatus miamiensis 500
Geminosyllis ohma 502
Hesionura australiensis 504
Heteromastusfiliformis Cmplx 506
Hobsoniaflorida 508
IX
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Hyboscolex longiseta 510
Hydroides br achy acanthus 512
Hydroides cruciger 514
Hydroides dianthus 516
Hydroides diramphus 518
Hydroides elegans 520
Hydroides ezoensis 522
Hydroides norvegicus 524
Janua pagenstecheri 526
Kuwaita heteropoda 52$
Laonome sp. SF1 Norris (CANOD, 2009) 530
Linopherus microcephala 532
Magelona capensis 534
Manayunkia aestuarina 536
Marenzelleria viridis 53$
Marphysa conferta 540
Microspio granulata 542
Myrianida pachycera 544
Neanthes arenaceodentata 546
Neoamphitrite sp. A (Cohen etal., 2005) 548
Neodexiospira brasiliensis 550
Nicoleasp.A (Cohen etal, 2002) 552
Nicolea zostericola 554
Ophryotrocha adherens 556
Ophryotrocha labronica pacifica 55$
Perinereis aibuhitensis 560
Perkinsyllis spinisetosa 562
Pileolaria militaris 564
Plakosyllis brevipes 566
Polydora cornuta 568
Polydora limicola 570
Polydora nuchalis 572
Polydora websteri 574
Procerastea nematodes 576
Protodorvillea biarticulata 57$
Protodorvillea egena 5$0
Proto driloides chaetifer 5$2
Pseudopolydora antennata 584
Pseudopolydora bassarginensis 586
Pseudopotamilla occelata 588
Pseudovermilia occidentalis 5PO
Sabaco elongatus 5P2
Sabellastarte spectabilis 594
Salmacina tribranchiata 596
Salvatoria me dio dentata 598
Scolelepis victoriensis 600
Scyphoproctus djiboutiensis 602
Serpulawatsoni 604
Sphaerosyllis riseri 606
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Spioblakei 608
Spirobranchus kraussii 610
Streblospio benedicti Cmplx 612
Syllides bansei 614
Typosyllis nipponica 616
Bryozoa 618
Aetea anguina 620
Aetea truncata 622
Aeverrillia armata 624
Amathia convoluta 626
Amathia distans 628
Anguinella palmata 630
Aspidelectra cf. melolontha 632
Bowerbankia gracilis Cmplx 634
Bowerbankia imbricata 636
Bugula californica 638
Bugula dentata 640
Bugula flabellata 642
Bugula fulva 644
Bugula minima 646
Bugula neritina Cmplx 648
Bugulasp. 1 (Cohen etal, 1998) 650
Bugulasp. 2 (Cohen et al., 1998) 652
Bugula stolonifera 654
Caberea boryi 656
Caulibugula caliculata 658
Caulibugula dendrograpta 660
Conopeum seurati 662
Conopeum tenuissimum 664
Cryptosula pallasiana 666
Electro tenella 668
Escharoides excavata 670
Hippopodina tahitiensis 672
Membranipora chesapeakensis 674
Membraniporopsis tubigemm 676
Nolella stipata 678
Savignyella lafontii 680
Schizoporella errata 682
Schizoporellajaponica 684
Schizoporella sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 686
Schizoporella unicornis 688
Synnotum aegyptiacum 690
Triticella sp. B (Hewitt, 1993) 692
Trypostega venusta 694
Victorella pavida 696
Watersipora arcuata 698
Watersipora edmondsoni 700
Watersipora sp. (Mackie et al., 2006) 702
xi
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Water sipora subtorquata 704
Zoobotryon verticillatum 706
Phoronida 708
Phoronis hippocrepia 770
Entoprocta (kamptozoans) 712
Barentsia benedeni 714
Barentsia sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 716
Mollusca 718
Class: Bivalvia 718
Abrasp.A (Coles et al, 1997) 720
Anomia nobilis 722
Argopecten irradians 724
Bankia bipalmulata 72<5
Chama fibula 72S
Chama lazams 730
Chama macerophylla 732
Chama pacifica 734
Corbicula fluminea 73<5
Corbula amurensis 738
Crassostrea gigas 740
Crassostrea virginica 742
Gemma gemma 744
Geukensia demissa 746
Hiatella arctica 748
Laternula marilina 750
Limnoperna fortunei 752
Limnoperna securis 754
Lioconcha fastigiata 756
Lyrodus affmis 758
Lyrodus pedicellatus 7<50
Lyrodus takanoshimensis 762
Macoma petalum 764
Martesia striata 766
Mercenaria mercenaria 768
Meretrix petechialis 770
Musculista senhousia 772
Mya arenaria 774
Mytilopsis leucophaeata 77<5
Mytilopsis sallei 77$
Mytilus galloprovincialis 7SO
Neotrapezium liratum 7S2
Nuttallia obscurata 784
Ostrea edulis 786
Ostrea lurida 788
Panopea generosa 7PO
Patinopectenyessoensis 7P2
Pecten maximus 794
xii
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Pernaviridis 796
Petricola lithophaga 798
Petricolariapholadiformis 800
Phacosoma gibba 802
Potamocorbula laevis 804
Saccostrea cucullata 806
Sphenia coreanica SOS
Spisula solidissima 810
Teredo bartschi 812
Teredo clappi 814
Teredo fulleri 816
Teredo furcifera 818
Teredo navalis 820
Theora lubrica 822
Venerupis philippinarum 824
Class: Gastropoda 826
Alderia modesta 828
Amphithalamus inclusus 830
Assiminea parasitologica 832
Babakinafestiva 834
Batillaria attramentaria 836
Boonea cincta 838
Bostrycapulus calyptraeiformis 840
Busycotypus canaliculatus 842
Caloria indica 844
Catriona rickettsi 846
Cecina manchurica 848
Chrysallida trachis 850
Crepidula convexa 852
Crepidula fornicata 854
Crepidula onyx 856
Crepidula plana 858
Crucibulum spinosum 860
Cuthona columbiana 862
Cuthonaperca 864
Diodora rueppellii 866
Evalea cf. americana 868
Folinella navisa 870
Haliotis fulgens 872
Haliotis iris 874
Haliotis kamtschatkana 876
Haliotis laevigata 878
Haliotis rufescens 880
Haliotis tuberculata 882
Haminoeajaponica 884
Ilyanassa obsoleta 886
lolaea eucosmia 888
Laguncula pulchella 8PO
xiii
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Littoridinops monroensis 892
Littorina littorea 894
Littorina saxatilis 896
Melanoides tuberculata 898
Myosotella myosotis 900
Nassarius fraterculus 902
Nassarius sinams 904
Ocenebra inornata 906
Odetta bisuturalis 908
Okenia eolida 910
Okenia pellucida 912
Peristichiapedroana 914
Philine auriformis 916
Philine orientalis 918
Phyllodesmium poindimiei 920
Potamopyrgus antipodamm 922
Pyrgophorus coronatus 924
Sakuraeolis enosimensis 926
Stenothyra sp. (Tamaki et al, 2002) 928
Tarebia granifera 930
Tenellia adspersa 932
Thylaeodus sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 934
Umbonium thomasi 936
Urosalpinx cinerea 938
Vermetus alii 940
Arthropoda 942
Subphylum: Crustacea - Class: Malacostraca 942
Superorder: Leptostraca 942
Nebalia sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995) 944
Superorder: Peracarida 946
Order: Amphipoda 946
Ampelisca abdita 948
Ampithoe lacertosa 950
Ampithoe longimana 952
Ampithoe sp. (Cohen andCarlton, 1995) 954
Ampithoe valida 956
Aoroides secundus 958
Caprella danilevskii 960
Caprella drepanochir 962
Caprella equilibra 964
Caprella mutica 966
Caprella penantis 968
Caprella scaura 970
Caprella simia 972
Centromedon pumilus 974
Cheiriphotis megacheles 976
Chelura terebrans 978
xiv
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Corophium alienense 980
Corophium heteroceratum 982
Elasmopus rapax 984
Eochelidium sp. A (Chapman, 2007) 986
Ericthonius brasiliensis 988
Gammarus daiberi 990
Gammams mucronatus 992
Grandidierella bispinosa 994
Grandidierellajaponica 996
Incisocalliope derzhavini 998
Jassafalcata 1000
Jassa marmorata 1002
Jassa slatteryi 1004
Laticorophium baconi 1006
Leucothoe micronesiae 1008
Leucothoe spinicarpa Cmplx 1010
Liljeborgia sp. (Cohen et al., 2002) 1012
Melitanitida 1014
Melita rylovae 1016
Metopellasp. (Cohen et al, 2002) 1018
Microdeutopus gryllotalpa 1020
Microjassa sp. (deRivera et al., 2007) 1022
Monocorophium acherusicum 1024
Monocorophium insidiosum 1026
Monocorophium uenoi 1028
Paracaprella pusilla 1030
Paracorophium sp. (Chapman, 2007) 1032
Paradexamine sp. (Chapman, 2007) 1034
Paraleucothoe sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1036
Podocerus brasiliensis 1038
Stenothoe gallensis 1040
Stenothoe valida 1042
Transorchestia enigmatica 1044
Tropichelura insulae 1046
Order: Cumacea 1048
Nannastacus sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1050
Nippoleucon hinumensis 1052
Scherocumella sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1054
Order: Isopoda 1056
Alloniscus oahuensis 1058
Armandilloniscus ellipticus 1060
Boreosignum wilsoni 1062
Buchnerillo sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) 1064
Caecijaerahorvathi 1066
Dynoides dentisinus 1068
Eurylana arcuata 7070
Exosphaeroma sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) 7072
Gnorimosphaeroma rayi 1074
XV
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Halophiloscia couchii 1076
lais californica 1078
Ligia exotica 1080
Limnoria quadripunctata 1082
Limnoria tripunctata 1084
Littorophiloscia culebrae 1086
Mesanthura sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1088
Munnasp.A (Cohen and Carlton, 1995) 1090
Niambia capensis 1092
Olibrinus truncatus 1094
Orthione griffenis 1096
Paracerceis sculpta 1098
Paradella dianae 1100
Paralimnoria andrewsi 1102
Paranthurajaponica 1104
Pistorius bidens 1106
Platyarthrus aiasensis 1108
Porcellio dilatatus 1110
Porcellio laevis 1112
Porcellio lamellatus 1114
Porcellio scaber 1116
Pseudosphaeroma sp. (Bruce and Wetzer, 2008) 1118
Sphaeroma quoianum 1120
Sphaeromawalkeri 1122
Synidotea laevidorsalis 1124
Order: Mysida 1126
Deltamysis holmquistae 1128
Holmesimysis costata 1130
Hyperacanthomysis longirostris 1132
Neomysis japonica 1134
Orientomysis aspera 1136
Orientomysis hwanhaiensis 1138
Order: Tanaidacea 1140
Apseudes sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1142
Parapseudes pedispinis 1144
Sinelobus stanfordi Cmplx 1146
Superorder: Eucarida 1148
Order: Decapoda 1148
Acantholobulus pacificus 1150
Callinectes sapidus 1152
Carcinus aestuarii 1154
Carcinus maenas 1156
Deiratonotus cristatum 1158
Eriocheir sinensis 1160
Exopalaemon carinicauda 1162
Fenneropenaeus chinensis 1164
Fenneropenaeus merguiensis 1166
Glabropilumnus seminudus 1168
xvi
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Homarus americanus 1170
Homams gammams 1172
Hyastenus spinosus 1174
Litopenaeus stylirostris 1176
Litopenaeus vannamei 1178
Macrobrachium lar 1180
Macrobrachium rosenbergii 1182
Marsupenaeus japonicus 1184
Metacarcinus magister 1186
Metadromiawilsoni 1188
Metopograpsus oceanicus 1190
Nanosesarma minutum 1192
Pachygrapsusfakaravensis 1194
Palaemon macrodactylus 1196
Panopeus lacustris 1198
Pilumnus oahuensis 1200
Pyromaia tuberculata 7202
Rhithropanopeus harrisii 1204
Scylla serrata 1206
Subclass: Hoplocarida 1208
Order: Stomatopoda 1208
Gonodactylaceus falcatus 1210
Class: Maxillopoda 1212
Subclass: Copepoda 1212
Acartiella sinensis 1214
Caligus sclerotinosus 1216
Enhydrosoma lacunae 1218
Eurytemora affmis Cmplx 7220
Harpacticella para doxa 7222
Limnoithona sinensis 1224
Limnoithona tetraspina 722<5
Mytilicola orientalis 1228
Neotachidius triangularis 7230
Oithona davisae 7232
Pachypygus gibber 1234
Psammopsyllus stri 723<5
Pseudodiaptomusforbesi 723$
Pseudodiaptomus inopinus 7240
Pseu dodiaptomus marinus 1242
Pseudomyicola spinosus 1244
Sarsamphiascus parvus 1246
Sinocalanus doerrii 1248
Stephos pacificus 1250
Stephossp. (Ruizetal. 2000) 1252
Teredicola typica 1254
Tortanus dextrilobatus 1256
Subclass: Thecostraca (Barnacles) 1258
xvn
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Amphibalanus amphitrite 1260
Amphib alarms eburneus 1262
Amphibalanus improvisus 1264
Amphibalanus reticulatus 1266
Amphibalanus subalbidus 1268
Amphibalanus variegatus 7270
Amphibalanus venustus 7272
Amphibalanus zhujiangensis 1274
Balanus glandula 727<5
Balanus perforatus 727$
Chthamalus proteus 1280
Megabalanus coccopoma 1282
Megabalanus tintinnabulum 1284
Megabalanus zebra 1286
Class: Ostracoda 1288
Aspidoconcha limnoriae 1290
Eusarsiella zostericola 1292
Redekea californica 1294
Spinileberis quadriaculeata 1296
Subphylum: Chelicerata 1298
Class: Pycnogonida 1298
Ammothella pacifica 1300
Anoplodactylus arescus 7302
Anoplodactylus californicus 1304
Anoplodactylus digitatus 730<5
Anoplodactylus erectus 730$
Anoplodactylus marshallensis 7370
Anoplodactylus pycnosoma 7372
Endeis biseriata 7374
Endeis nodosa 737<5
Endeis procera 737$
Pigrogromitus timsanus 7320
Tanystylum rehderi 7322
Subphylum: Hexapoda 1324
Class: Insecta 1324
Anisolabis maritima 732<5
Atrichopogon Jacob soni 732$
Atrichopogon sp. (Carlton & Eldredge, 2009) 7330
Brachydeutera ibari 7332
Canaceoides angulatus 7334
Cercyon fimbriatum 733<5
Ceropsilopa coquilletti 733$
Clasiopella uncinata 1340
Cricotopus bicinctus 7342
Crocothemis servilia 1344
Cyclodinus mundulus 1346
Dolichopus exsul 1348
xviii
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Donaceus nigronotatus 1350
Enallagma civile 1352
Enochrus sayi 1354
Ephydra gracilis 1356
Ephydra millbrae 1358
Goeldichironomus holoprasinus 1360
Hecamede granifera 1362
Hostis guamensis 1364
Ischnura ramburii 1366
Kleidotoma bryani 1368
Medetera grisescens 7370
Mesovelia amoena 7372
Mesovelia mulsanti 13 74
Micr acanthi a humilis 737<5
Mosillus tibialis 13 78
Orasiopa mera 1380
Parathroscinusmurphyi 1382
Paratissa pollinosa 1384
Placopsidella marquesana 1386
Procanace williamsi 1388
Prokelisia marginata 1390
Pselactus spadix 1392
Psilopa girschneri 1394
Psychoda salicornia 1396
Scatella stagnalis 1398
Syntormon flexible 1400
Telmatogetonjaponicus 1402
Tethina willistoni 1404
Thambemyia borealis 1406
Tramea lacerata 1408
Trichocorixa reticulata 1410
Trigonotylus uhleri 1412
Tropisternus salsamentus 1414
Echinodermata 1416
Subphylum: Asterozoa (sea stars and brittle stars) 1416
Ophiactis savignyi 1418
Strongylocentrotus intermedius 1420
Chordata 1422
Subphylum: Tunicata (Sea squirts) 1422
Ascidia archaia 1424
Ascidia sp. (Lambert and Lambert, 1998) 1426
Ascidia species A (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1428
Ascidia species B (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1430
Ascidia sydneiensis 1432
Ascidia zara 1434
Ascidiella aspersa 1436
Bostrichobranchus pilularis 1438
xix
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Botrylloides diegensis 1440
Botrylloides perspicuus 1442
Botrylloides simodensis 1444
Botrylloides sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1446
Botrylloides sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009) 1448
Botrylloides violaceus 1450
Botryllus schlosseri 1452
Botryllussp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) 1454
Botryllus sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009) 1456
dona intestinalis 1458
Ciona savignyi 1460
Cnemidocarpa irene 1462
Corella minuta 1464
Didemnum candidum Cmplx 1466
Didemnum perlucidum 1468
Didemnum psammatode 1470
Didemnum vexillum 1472
Diplosoma listerianum 1474
Ecteinascidia imperfecta 1476
Eusynstyela hartmeyeri 1478
Halocynthia roretzi 1480
Her dmania mauritiana 1482
Herdmania momus 1484
Herdmania pallida 1486
Lissoclinum fragile 1488
Microcosmus exasperatus 1490
Microcosmus squamiger 1492
Molgulaficus 1494
Molgula manhattensis 1496
Perophorajaponica 1498
Phallusia nigra 1500
Polyandrocarpa sagamiensis 1502
Polyan drocarpa zorritensis 1504
Polyclinum constellatum 1506
Styela canopus 1508
Styela clava 1510
Styela plicata 1512
Symplegma brakenhielmi 1514
Symplegma reptans 1516
Symplegma sp. (Carlton andEldredge, 2009) 1518
Subphylum: Vertebrata 1520
Class: Actinopterygii (Ray-finned fish) 1520
Abudefdufvaigiensis 1522
Acanthogobius flavimanus 1524
Acanthorhodeus macropterus 1526
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii 1528
Acipenser nudiventris 1530
Acipenser sinensis 1532
xx
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Acipenser sturio 1534
Alosa sapidissima 1536
Ameiurus melas 1538
Anguilla anguilla 1540
Anguilla australis 1542
Anguilla marmorata 1544
Anguilla rostrata 1546
Centropyge flavissima 1548
Cephalopholis argus 1550
Chrysiptera taupou 1552
Clarias batrachus 1554
Cynoscion nebulosus 1556
Cyprinus carpio 1558
Dorosoma petenense 1560
Favonigobius sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) 1562
Fundulus diaphanus 1564
Gambusia affinis 1566
Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus 1568
Hypomesus nipponensis 7570
Ictalums furcatus 7572
Ictalurus punctatus 1574
Lateolabrax sp. (Yokogawa andSeki, 1995) 1576
Lates calcarifer 757$
Limiavittata 1580
Lucaniaparva 1582
Lutjanusfulvus 1584
Lutjanus gibbus 1586
Lutjanus kasmira 75$$
Menidia beryllina 75PO
Morone saxatilis 75P2
Mugilogobius cavifrons 1594
Odontesthes bonariensis 1596
Omobranchus ferox. 75.9$
Omobranchus rotun diceps 1600
Oncorhynchus kisutch 1602
Oncorhynchus mykiss 1604
Oreochromis aureus 1606
Oreochromis mossambicus 1608
Oreochromis niloticus 1610
Parablenniusthysanius 1612
Paralichthys dentatus 1614
Paralichthys lethostigma 1616
Parambassisranga 1618
Percaflavescens 1620
Poecilia latipinna 1622
Poecilia mexicana 1624
Poecilia reticulata 1626
Psetta maxima 1628
Salmo salar 1630
xxi
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Salmo trutta 1632
Salvelinus fontinalis 1634
Sardinella marquesensis 1636
Sarotherodon melanotheron 1638
Sciaenops ocellatus 1640
Takifugu rubripes 1642
Tridentiger barbatus 1644
Tridentiger bifasciatus 1646
Tridentiger trigonocephalus 1648
Upeneus vittatus 1650
Valamugil engeli 1652
References 1654
Species Citation List from Master Classifications 1778
xxn
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Map of the region divisions added to the Marine Ecoregions Of the World 15
Figure 2: Twenty-three MEOW ecoregions analyzed 16
Figure 3: Maps in geographic projection of the Arctic region 17
Figure 4: Alternate map in a polar stereographic projection of the Arctic region 18
Figure 5: Map of the Northwest Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema 19
Figure 6: Map of the Central Indo-Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema 20
Figure 7: Map of the Eastern Indo-Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema 21
Figure 8: Map of the Northeast Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema 22
Figure 9: Map of the Tropical Eastern Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema 23
Figure 10: Map of the Southeast Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema 24
Figure 11: Map of the Magellanic region of the modified MEOW schema 25
Figure 12: Map of the Southwest Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema 26
Figure 13: Map of the West Tropical Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema 27
Figure 14: Map of the Northwest Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema 28
Figure 15: Map of the Northeast Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema 29
Figure 16: Map of the Mediterranean Sea region of the modified MEOW schema 30
Figure 17: Map of the Ponto-Caspian region of the modified MEOW schema 31
Figure 18: Map of the East Tropical Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema 32
Figure 19: Map of the South Africa region of the modified MEOW schema 33
Figure 20: Map of the Indian Ocean region of the modified MEOW schema 34
Figure 21: Map of the Southern Australia and New Zealand region 35
Figure 22: Map of the Antarctica region of the modified MEOW schema 36
Figure 23: Alternate map in polar stereographic projection of the Antarctica region 37
Figure 24: Number of reported nonindigenous species by MEOW ecoregion 38
Figure 25: Total Number of nonindigenous species in the North Pacific region and South China
by taxa 39
Figure 26: Total number of nonindigenous species by region 40
Figure 27: Ciliophora: Total number of nonindigenous Ciliophora 40
Figure 28: Macroalgae: Number of nonindigenous Macroalgae 40
Figure 29: Class Phaeophyceae: Number of nonindigenous Phaeophyceae 40
Figure 30: Phylum Biliphyta-Rhodophyta: Number of nonindigenous Rhodophyta 41
Figure 31: Phylum Viridaeplantae-Chlorophyta: Number of nonindigenous Chlorophyta 41
Figure 32: Phylum Magnoliophyta: Number of nonindigenous Magnoliophyta 41
Figure 33: Phylum Porifera: Number of nonindigenous Porifera 41
Figure 34: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Number of nonindigenous Platyhelminthes 42
Figure 35: Phylum Cnidaria: Number of nonindigenous Cnidaria 42
Figure 36: Cnidaria-Anthozoa: Number of nonindigenous Anthozoa 42
Figure 37: Cnidaria-Hydrozoa: Number of nonindigenous Hydrozoa 42
Figure 3 8: Cnidaria-Scyphozoa: Number of nonindigenous Scyphozoa 43
Figure 39: Phylum Bryozoa: Number of nonindigenous Bryozoa 43
Figure 40: Phylum Annelida: Number of nonindigenous Annelida 43
Figure 41: Annelida-Clitellata: Number of nonindigenous Clitellata 43
Figure 42: Annelida-Polychaeta: Number of nonindigenous Polychaeta 44
Figure 43: Phylum Mollusca: Number of nonindigenous Mollusca 44
Figure 44: Phylum Mollusca-Bivalvia: Number of nonindigenous Bivalvia 44
xxiii
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Figure 45: Mollusca-Gastropoda: Number of nonindigenous Gastropoda 44
Figure 46: Phylum Arthropoda: Number of nonindigenous Arthropoda 45
Figure 47: Arthropoda-Amphipoda: Number of nonindigenous Amphipoda 45
Figure 48: Arthropoda-Isopoda: Number of nonindigenous Isopoda 45
Figure 49: Arthropoda-Mysida: Number of nonindigenous Mysida 45
Figure 50: Arthropoda-Decapoda: Number of nonindigenous Decapoda 46
Figure 51: Arthropoda-Copepoda: Number of nonindigenous Copepoda 46
Figure 52: Arthropoda-Cirripedia: Number of nonindigenous Cirripedia 46
Figure 53: Arthropoda-Pycnogonida: Number of nonindigenous Pycnogonida 46
Figure 54: Arthropoda-Insecta: Number of nonindigenous Insecta 47
Figure 55: Phylum Chordata: Number of nonindigenous Chordata 47
Figure 56: Chordata-Tunicata: Number of nonindigenous Tunicata 47
Figure 57: Chordata-Actinopterygii: Number of nonindigenous Actinopterygii 47
Figure 58: Number of other nonindigenous species 48
Figure 59: Relative percent of foulers to non-fouling invaders in each ecoregion 48
Figure 60: Percent of the total number of nonindigenous species within the NWP, Hawaii, and
NEP that were potentially transported by each of the six most important vectors 48
Figure 61: First page of the key to the species profiles 49
Figure 62: Second page of the key to the species profiles 50
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Tables associated with attributes in the species profiles and list of abbreviations used in
the key to the species profiles 51
Table 2: Definitions of terms for primary vectors of invasion 54
Table 3: Definitions for the regime categories 56
Table 4: Definitions for the ecosystem categories 57
Table 5: Definitions for the depth categories for benthic and pelagic habitats 61
Table 6: Definitions for substrate categories 62
Table 7: Definitions for the salinity classes 65
Table 8: Definitions for the trophic modes 66
Table 9: Definitions for the terms describing various reproductive strategies 68
Table 10: Definitions for early development mechanisms 70
Table 11: Definitions for juvenile development and dispersal 70
Table 12: Definitions of habitat types 72
xxiv
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Marine and estuarine nonindigenous species (NTS) are found across the world's oceans, and
designing effective management strategies to mitigate this economic, ecological and human
health threat requires a basic understanding of the existing invasion patterns at regional to global
scales. However, to date, syntheses at ocean basin scales have essentially been nonexistent. To
fill the gap for the North Pacific, we synthesized the distributions, invasion history,
environmental tolerances, and natural history of the near-coastal nonindigenous species (NTS)
reported from the member countries of the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES;
United States, Canada, China, Republic of Korea, Japan, and Russia). The hierarchical "Marine
Ecoregions of the World" (MEOW) biogeographic schema was used as the framework for
assessing species' distributions, with the modification that we added a "region" level to
differentiate eastern and western sides of oceans. The two North Pacific regions are the
Northeast Pacific (NEP), which extends from the Gulf of California to the Aleutian Islands, and
the Northwest Pacific (NWP), which extends from the East China Sea to the Kamchatka Shelf.
To have complete coverage of the United States, we included the MEOW Hawaii Ecoregion as a
separate reporting unit. To have complete coverage of Japan and China, we combined five
MEOW ecoregions in southern China and Japan into the North Central-Indo Pacific (NCIP)
Region. The various types of information were synthesized in a Microsoft Access database, the
"PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System", which is further described in the "User's
Guide and Metadata for the PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System" (Lee et al.,
2012). The PICES database was then used to generate two-page "species profiles" that map the
native and introduced distributions of each species and provide a standardized summary of its
invasion history, environmental tolerances, and natural history. These species profiles form the
bulk of the "Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine and Estuarine Species in the North Pacific".
A total of 747 near-coastal nonindigenous species were identified in the PICES countries, with
four phyla (Arthropoda, Chordata, Mollusca, and Annelida) constituting more than 70% of these
invaders. The NEP and Hawaii have similar numbers of reported nonindigenous species, 368 and
347, respectively. In comparison, the NWP has about 60% of the number of reported NIS, 208.
The NCIP contains only 73 NIS, though there is limited information for these ecoregions. When
evaluated at an individual MEOW ecoregion scale, the Hawaii Ecoregion was the most invaded
with 347 invaders, followed by the Northern California Ecoregion, which includes the San
Francisco Estuary, with 287 NIS. The most invaded ecoregion in the NWP was the Central
Kuroshio Current Ecoregion, which includes Tokyo Bay, with 87 reported NIS. Eight potential
reasons for this geographical discrepancy in the extent of invasion were considered. The two
most important appear to be: 1) the milder temperature regimes in the NEP and Hawaii are more
conducive for NWP species to invade the NEP and Hawaii than the reverse and 2) there has been
a greater search effort for NIS in Hawaii and the NEP at least for certain taxonomic groups.
In terms of how the NIS were transported, hull fouling was potentially the most important vector
in the NEP, NWP, and Hawaii, with ballast water discharges the second most important in all
three regions. Intentional stocking and aquaculture escapees were relatively more important in
the NWP than the NEP or Hawaii, reflecting the extensive aquaculture in Asia. Aquaculture
associated species (i.e., aquaculture hitchhikers) was relatively important in the NEP, reflecting
the historical influx of invaders with the importation of Atlantic and Pacific oysters.
xxv
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INTRODUCTION
Overview
Marine and estuarine nonindigenous species (NTS) are a global issue, with nonindigenous species
found in every ocean of the world. Effectively addressing such a global threat requires
knowledge across multiple spatial scales and topics, ranging from knowledge of the habitat
preferences of an invader to the global distributions of potential invaders as input into risk
assessments. Over the last several decades, considerable progress has been made in
understanding the number and biogeographic distribution of marine/estuarine nonindigenous
species on the Pacific Coast of the United States and Canada, from Carlton's omnibus doctoral
dissertation on the San Francisco Estuary (Carlton, 1979) to the formation of the Canadian
Aquatic Invasive Species Network (CAISN, http://www.caisn.ca/en/) and a monograph of
invaders in Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). Although the extent of earlier research does
not appear to be as extensive in Asian countries, a number of recent studies indicate a growing
recognition of the economic, health and environmental threat of near-coastal invaders (e.g.,
Iwasaki, 2006, Otani, 2006; Seo and Lee, 2008; Chavanich et al., 2010; Doi et al., 2011;
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011). While these and many other studies provide critical information for
specific species, locations, or countries, what has been lacking is a comprehensive analysis of
near-coastal invaders at the North Pacific scale.
To generate the baseline information needed to manage nonindigenous species in the North
Pacific, we initiated a synthesis of the distributions, invasion history, environmental tolerances,
and natural history of the near-coastal nonindigenous species reported from the member
countries of the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES; United States, Canada,
China, Republic of Korea, Japan, and Russia). Information was synthesized from a variety of
sources written in multiple languages, including input from PICES scientists, peer-reviewed
literature, agency reports, and web sites. This diverse information was synthesized in a Microsoft
Access database, the "PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System" (hereafter referred to
as the PICES database) designed for Access 2003 and 2007 running under Windows XP and
Windows Vista operating systems (32 bit only). The PICES database was used to generate this
document, the "Atlas of Nonindigenous Marine and Estuarine Species in the North Pacific"
(hereafter referred to as the Atlas). A companion document, "User's Guide and Metadata for the
PICES Nonindigenous Species Information System" (Lee et al., 2012), provides instruction on
how to use the PICES database and detailed definitions for all classifications used in the
database.
The "Marine Ecoregions of the World" (MEOW) biogeographic schema (Spalding et al., 2007)
was used as the framework for assessing and mapping species' distributions (Figures 1-23).
Based on the MEOW framework, the spatial patterns of invasion of the total number of invaders
(Figures 24 and 26) and of individual taxonomic groups (Figures 25 and 27 to 58) were
evaluated. We then conducted a preliminary analysis on the potential reasons for geographical
differences in the extent of invasion by evaluating the extent of invasion of foulers versus non-
foulers (Figure 59) and on the likely vectors (Figure 60) by which the NIS were introduced into
each of the major regions. The remainder of the Atlas consists of "species profiles" for each of
the 747 NIS reported from the PICES countries. The profiles provide a standardized format
1
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(Figures 61 and 62, Tables 1-12) for the summary of the distributional, habitat, and natural
history information for each species.
Besides providing basic information on the biogeographic and natural history of North Pacific
near-coastal species, the information in the Atlas and PICES database can be used to address a
number of management issues:
1. Establish a baseline of the number and identity of the reported NTS by MEOW
ecoregion. By coupling these data with rapid assessment surveys (RAS) and/or
monitoring programs it becomes possible to assess whether a NTS reported from a region
represents a new invasion.
2. Collating data on life history and environmental requirements for NTS can help identify
what habitats and resources will be at greatest risk to a range expansion of an existing
NTS or to invasion by a new NTS.
3. Analysis of source (native) region(s) of NTS can be used to determine high risk regions
and to develop focused quarantine procedures for imports.
4. On a global scale, enumeration of the total number of ecoregions invaded by a species
can help identify high risk invaders. Further, the maps in the Atlas are a simple and visual
approach to conveying the distribution of these species to managers and the public.
5. The Atlas disseminates information about NTS to the public and managers in an easily
used format.
6. Development of standardized protocols in the Altas and database provide a framework
for developing countries to use in their efforts to assess and manage invasive species.
As a real world example of the use of such baseline information, the authors recently developed
an approach to setting ballast water discharge standards based on historical invasion rates,
historical ballast discharge rates, and organism concentrations in untreated ballast water (Reusser
et al., in press). Another example is the use of global patterns of invaders as a screening
procedure for potential invaders (Reusser and Lee, 2005; Locke, 2009).
Caveats
This Atlas and PICES database are initial attempts at synthesizing a variety of data types across
an entire ocean basin, and as such they represent the state of the science. However, they are not
the final answer. We are aware that we have not captured the complete biogeographic
distributions or natural history profiles of many of the species. Additionally, there may be errors
in interpretation on our part. Rather than a deficit, we hope that illustrating the existing
knowledge in a standardized fashion will assist in identifying any such errors and in highlighting
key information gaps. In many cases, we classified species scattered around the globe with
limited information. As such, the classifications presented here should be taken as "hypotheses"
subject to further taxonomic, biogeographical, and genetic analysis.
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APPROACH AND DEFINITIONS
Marine Biogeographic Schema and Geographic Scope of the Atlas
One of our main objectives was to synthesize the global distributions of near-coastal
nonindigenous species that occur within the PICES countries. To achieve this, we used the
"Marine Ecoregions of the World" (MEOW) biogeographic schema (Spalding et al., 2007;
http://www.worldwildlife.org/science/ecoregions/marine/iteml266.html) as the framework for
analyzing and displaying species' distributions. MEOW is a hierarchical biogeographical schema
for near-coastal ecosystems to an approximate 200 meter depth, and it is increasingly being used
to evaluate regional and global patterns (e.g., Molnar et al., 2008; Piepenburg et al., 2011; Ocean
Biogeographic Information System, OBIS, http://iobis.org/mapper/).
The MEOW schema consists of 12 realms, 62 provinces, and 232 ecoregions. However, one
limitation is that it does not split the Pacific and Atlantic into east/west components. The lack of
such a split limits the ability to analyze patterns of transoceanic invasions, which account for
most near-coastal invasions in the Northern Hemisphere (see Ruiz et al., 2000). To accommodate
transoceanic invasions, the 12 realms were divided (Figure 1), adding a new level between the
realm and province levels to provide east-west breaks (Reusser and Lee, 2011). This
modification divided the MEOW North Pacific Realm into Northeast Pacific Region (NEP),
composed of nine ecoregions ranging from the Gulf of California through the Aleutian Islands
(Figures 2 and 8), and the Northwest Pacific Region (NWP) composed of eight ecoregions
ranging from the East China Sea through the Kamchatka Shelf (Figures 2 and 5). Other
modifications include the addition of Caspian Sea, Aral Sea, and Sea of Asov ecoregions, which
were combined with the Black Sea to form the Ponto-Caspian Region (Figure 17), and the
addition of a High Arctic Region (Figure 1) above the Arctic ecoregions. These modifications
result in a total of 20 regions (Figure 1).
Capturing all the non-Arctic shorelines bordering the PICES countries required adding several
ecoregions outside the North Pacific Realm. The Hawaii Ecoregion, which is in the Eastern Indo-
Pacific Realm (Figures 2 and 7), was included to complete coverage of the U.S. Pacific states.
For complete coverage of China and Japan, nonindigenous species were also reported from five
ecoregions in the Central Indo-Pacific Realm (Southern China, Gulf of Tonkin, South China Sea
Oceanic Islands, South Kuroshio, and Ogasawara Islands; Figures 2 and 6). We refer to these
five ecoregions as the North Central-Indo Pacific (NCIP) and they were analyzed as a group
even though they do not form a natural biogeographic entity. Because of the sparse information
on the ecoregions in the NCIP and the artificiality of the NCIP as a biogeographic unit, we report
the number of NIS from the NCIP but do not analyze the results in detail.
The specific objective of the project then became the synthesis of the distributions and
habitat/natural history attributes of all the reported near-coastal NIS in the 23 MEOW ecoregions
in the NEP, NWP, NCIP, and Hawaii (Figure 2). Nonindigenous species found only in the Arctic
ecoregions of PICES countries (e.g., Eastern Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea, Siberian
Sea) were not included in PICES database or the Atlas. While the distributions of NIS were
mapped at the ecoregion scale, most of the analyses in the Atlas were conducted on the four
biogeographic units (NEP, NWP, NCIP, and Hawaii). Additionally, the PICES database is
designed around analyses at the region scale. While analyses at the ecoregion scale are possible
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in the PICES database, the queries will require care and have certain limitations, as described in
Lee etal. (2012).
Maps of the 232 MEOW ecoregions plus our modifications are provided to assist users in
understanding the extent and boundaries of the ecoregions (Figures 1-23). In addition, all four
hierarchical MEOW levels can be viewed in the PICES database (Lee and Reusser, 2012) while
the User's Guide (Lee et al., 2012) contains an appendix listing all the realms, regions,
provinces, and ecoregions along with their database identification numbers.
Taxonomic Scope of the Atlas
The taxonomic scope of our analysis includes fungi, protozoa, microalgae, macroalgae, marine
plants, fishes, and all macroinvertebrate groups. Bacteria, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
were not included. Freshwater species that only incidentally occur in estuaries were excluded
(e.g., crayfish that are washed downstream after storms), though species that are primarily fresh
water but periodically occur in estuaries (e.g., New Zealand mud snails) were included. We also
excluded species that are primarily terrestrial, though species that occur in the supralittoral zone
and coastal dunes were included. We did not include tidal marsh plants (other than Spartind) in
part due to the difficulty in obtaining information on similar species in Asia.
Definitions for Species' Invasion and Population Status
Species were assigned to one of six classifications regarding their origin - Native,
Nonindigenous, Cryptogenic, Transient, Unknown, or Conflict - at any of the four biogeographic
levels (realm to ecoregion). Criteria to evaluate whether a species is native or introduced were
developed by Chapman and Carlton (1991 and 1994), and these criteria are discussed in Lee et
al. (2012). The following definitions were used for these classifications in the Atlas and PICES
database:
Native: A species that occurs naturally in the area with no human intervention. Native
species have an evolutionary history within the area.
Nonindigenous: A species that has been introduced into an area through human activities,
whether accidently or on purpose. Other terms used include alien, aquatic nuisance
species (ANS), exotic, introduced, non-native, adventive, and naturalized. In the United
States, use of "invasive" is largely limited to invaders that have or are likely to cause
adverse ecological, economic, or human health impacts.
Cryptogenic: Cryptogenic species those that are not clearly native or introduced based on
current information. As originally defined by Carlton (1966), this term was to capture
uncertainty regarding a species biogeography and invasion history. However,
"cryptogenic" is increasingly used for species with taxonomic uncertainties, such as
sibling (cryptic) species or species complexes. To avoid mixing uncertainty over invasion
history with taxonomic uncertainty, we restricted the use of cryptogenic classifications to
locations where there is some evidence for invasion. Cryptogenic species were not
included in the NIS counts for regions and ecoregions..
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Unknown: A species was classified as unknown when there was insufficient information
to make a judgment as to its origin. This was the default classification in the absence of
any evidence. In addition, taxa with an uncertain taxonomy (e.g., species complexes,
taxon only identified to genus) were assigned an unknown classification except in cases
when there is evidence that the taxon was recently introduced into an area (e.g., recent
appearance of genus never observed within a region). Species with uncertain taxonomies
have also been classified as "unresolved" (CANOD, 2009).
Transient: Transient species are those that temporarily migrate into an area as a result of
unusual climatic conditions, such as El Nino (e.g., Rosales-Casian, 2004). Their
movement into the area is via natural mechanisms rather than mediated through direct
human activities. The terms "vagrant" or "migrant" have been used in a similar fashion.
Transient species were not included in the counts of NTS in regions or ecoregions.
Conflict: In some cases, invasion experts disagree as to whether a species is
nonindigenous versus native or cryptogenic within an area. If the available information
was insufficient for us to make a decision among the conflicting classifications, species
were assigned a "conflict" classification. Our use of "conflict" instead of "cryptogenic" is
to highlight cases where some, but not all, of the experts believe that there is sufficient
information to consider a species introduced. "Conflict" species were included in the
counts of NIS in regions or ecoregions.
Definitions for Species' Population Status
In addition to classifications related to origin, species were also classified in terms of their
population status. Lee et al. (2012) present a set of criteria to evaluate population status. The
following definitions were used in the Atlas and PICES database:
Established: A species with a self-maintaining population as indicated by its population
size, occurrence over time, widespread geographical distribution, presence of juveniles,
and/or presence of reproductive adults. Pragmatically, the occurrence of a species in a
probability-based survey (vs. targeted sampling of optimum habitat type) is reasonably
strong evidence that the species is established based on the relatively small areas sampled
in such random surveys (e.g., tens of square meters for benthic surveys). Native species
are assumed to be established.
Not Established: A species that has been reported from an area but that does not
constitute a self-maintaining population or that has gone extinct within the region. One
indication of non-establishment is not observing the species for >25 years, assuming that
the appropriate habitat types were surveyed. Other indications include lack of juveniles or
reproductive adults. By definition, transient species are considered not established.
Nonindigenous species classified as not established were not included in the counts of
NIS in regions or ecoregions.
Unknown: A species for which there is insufficient spatial and/or temporal records to
assess population status. This was the default population status. Nonindigenous species
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that were classified with an unknown population status were included in the counts of
NTS in regions or ecoregions.
Stocked: Species maintained through active human intervention, usually for aquaculture.
Stocked species known only to exist in aquaculture facilities were given a population
status of not established and were not included in the counts of NTS. Stocked species that
had been reported from the wild were assigned a population status of established, not
established, or unknown, as appropriate. In many cases it was unclear whether a stocked
species occurred in the wild, especially in Asia. If there was a potential that the species
could occur in the wild, the stocked species was assigned an unknown population status
and included in the counts of NIS. Inclusion of these stocked species in the counts of NIS
could potentially overestimate the actual number of NIS in the region.
Taxonomy and "Also Known As" Alternative Names
The taxonomy of each of the species in the Atlas was recorded on the species profiles.
Taxonomy above the level of genus was based on the World Register of Marine Species
(WoRMS; http://www.marinespecies.org/index.php), an international database with the objective
of providing the authoritative list of names of all marine species globally. In most cases,
WoRMS was also used for species designations, though for some taxa regional authoritative
references were used (e.g., Coan et al., 2000 for bivalves in the NEP).
In addition to the higher level taxonomy, up to five "Also Known As" or alternative names were
recorded in the Atlas. These are other scientific names by which the selected species may also be
known. The primary purpose in listing these alternative species names is to assist invasion
biologists in tracking the global distribution and invasion history of a species. They are not
meant for formal taxonomic evaluations, and the users should consult the taxonomic literature
for complete synonym lists and authorities. The seven types of alternative names recognized in
the Atlas are:
Synonym: A scientific name that was previously applied to a taxon but is no longer
accepted. As used in the Atlas and the PICES database, the objective was to limit
synonyms to those with a one-to-one relationship with the currently accepted scientific
name.
Ambiguous synonym: A possible synonym of the species, such as when it is not certain
exactly what species is being referred to (i.e., Polydora nr. cornutd). Ambiguous
synonyms are also associated with species complexes; the cases in which a species name
is now believed to consist of more than one valid species but which are not, as yet,
individually named. Because of the taxonomic uncertainties, all synonyms of species
complexes are referred to as ambiguous, with the exception of names explicitly
identifying the taxon as a complex (e.g., complex, hyperspecies, etc.). We classify pro-
parte synonyms as "partial synonyms" rather than as ambiguous.
Partial Synonym: Partial synonyms are species names that are synonyms of two or more
valid species. Thus, there is not a one-to-one relationship between a partial synonym and
a valid species name. This can happen when an older species is split into two or more
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new species. In these cases, the partial synonyms are identified either by 1) including the
taxonomic author's name as part of the partial synonym; 2) including "of authors" as part
of the partial synonym when many authors have used the partial synonym; or 3) including
"in part" as part of the partial synonym. Inclusion of these markers is to warn the user
from using the partial synonym as a general synonym. These are also referred to as "pro-
parte synonyms".
Convention: A different version of a species' name. Alternates may include the
inclusion/omission of a subgenus or a difference in the gender of the name. Because
subspecies were not recorded in the PICES database, subspecies are also considered
alternatives to the base species.
Nomen nudum: An invalid scientific name because the species was not originally
described with sufficient detail, and thus the name is considered "naked" (see
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature; http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted-
Zites/iczn/code/index.jsp?booksection=glossary&nfv=true).
Misspelling: An incorrect spelling of a taxon that was erroneously incorporated into the
scientific literature. Only common misspellings are listed.
Misidentified: An incorrect identification assigned to a species. Misidentifications
specific to a publication but not to the original description of a species include the author
names (e.g., "Tellina (Angulus) meropsis of Coan 1971"; "Ensis californicus of authors
not Dall 1899 in part") or region (i.e., "Macoma irus of NEP authors") or a combination
of both (i.e., "Penitella gabbii of NEP authors, not Tryon, 1863"). Inclusion of the
author's name keeps the misidentified species name from being incorrectly considered as
a general synonym.
Two nonstandard taxonomic definitions were used for a few species to better reflect their current
taxonomic standing.
Species Complexes: With increasing scrutiny, including genetic analysis, it's becoming
apparent that several previously recognized "species" are composed of a number of
different, and often undescribed, species that have been referred to under the same name.
Because of their uncertain taxonomic position, species complexes are generally not
classified as nonindigenous. However, in a few cases, species complexes can be
classified as nonindigenous over some portion of their range based on their recent arrival
in an area or by possessing other attributes of nonindigenous species. We identify species
complexes by adding the suffix "Cmplx" to the name of the purported species. Because
of the taxonomic uncertainty, synonyms of species complexes are considered "ambiguous
synonyms".
Provisional Species: Provisional species are "organisms suspected of being new species
or whose identities cannot be determined from available literature" (SCAMIT, 2012).
Thus, these species are considered to be valid species in a particular region even though
they cannot be assigned to an officially recognized species name. Provisional species can
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be considered nonindigenous based on their recent arrival in an area or by possessing
other attributes of nonindigenous species. Our convention to naming provisional species
was to append a citation from a major publication to the provisional species' name. For
example, "Bryopsis sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)" is a provisional species from the
Cohen and Carlton (1995) report. By appending the citation to the species, it becomes
possible to find a major source for the species. Appending the citation also avoids the
problem of having different provisional species with the same name from different areas,
as can happen when a letter or number is used as a suffix (e.g., Bryopsis sp. A). When
known, the person originally identifying the provisional species is listed as the taxonomic
authority, while the type locality is used to identify the general geographical area over
which the provisional name is applicable.
Species Profiles - Summarizing Distributions and Natural History
The environmental tolerance, habitat, and natural history characteristics of a species can help
predict the likelihood that it will invade an area and the possible consequences if an invasion
occurs. For example, salinity and depth ranges help define the range of habitats a new NTS could
potentially colonize. Trophic level, such as whether an invader is a suspension feeder or a
predator, can help predict likely ecological impacts. However, it is our opinion that species
attributes are underutilized in invasion ecology. As discussed in Reusser and Lee (2011), major
reasons for this underutilization include the lack of a standardized schema for such data and the
idiosyncratic manner in which such information are presented in the literature. One of the
objectives in designing the PICES database was to develop a practical hierarchical topology
using a class structure to effectively organize different types of habitat and natural history
attributes. An ancillary objective was to design a standardized two-page format for species
profiles that summarize the salient information about a species. With the use of the species
profile key (Figures 61 and 62) and the tables of abbreviations and definitions (Tables 1-12), a
user can determine the class or quantitative value for any of the attributes included.
The companion User's Guide (Lee et al., 2012) provides additional details on the attributes
captured in the species profiles. Here we summarize key points important in interpreting the
information in the profiles. First, we provide both classes and quantitative values for a number of
habitat attributes (e.g., salinity, depth). However, the number of values going into the
quantitative ranges varies widely, from several hundred values to only a single number. Because
of this variation, the class values are generally more reliable than the quantitative ranges.
Second, three major classes are used to define the physical habitat of a species - Regime,
Ecosystem, and Substrate (see Tables 3, 4, and 5). Regime is a large scale classification of where
a species occurs (e.g., estuary vs. ocean); it does not define the specific habitat occupied.
Ecosystem is the overall ecosystem type that the species occupies, and it is embedded within the
Regime. For example, a species occurring in the estuary regime may occur in an unconsolidated
or consolidated ecosystem. Substrate classes define the specific substrate type a benthic species
lives in, which is embedded within the ecosystem. Infaunal organisms live in unconsolidated
sediment, which is an unconsolidated ecosystem. However, substrate type and ecosystem do not
have to match. Barnacles may inhabit the dead shells (a consolidated substrate) that accumulate
on the surface of sand flats (an unconsolidated ecosystem). Worms that live in the sediments that
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accumulate in rocky intertidal tide pools live in unconsolidated sediment in a consolidated
ecosystem.
Third, most of the natural history attributes are classified as either "Observed" or "Preferred".
We make this distinction because may marine/estuarine species can be found across a wide range
of environmental conditions, yet the majority of the population occurs in a much more restricted
range. An example is the occasional offshore records of estuarine species. While we do not have
hard and fast rules, Observed is used to capture the full range of conditions over which a species
has been reported, even if the conditions are marginal. Preferred is used to indicate the
conditions that the species normally occupies. Indicators of Preferred habitats include: 1) species
occurring frequently within the habitat range; 2) species occurring at high densities within the
habitat range; 3) presence of breeding populations within the habitat range, and 4) experts
identifying the habitat as preferred.
Lastly, we note temperature is not included in the species profiles. We excluded temperature
because the temperature classes in the PICES database were derived from Hall's (1964)
biogeographic analysis of mollusks, which we do not consider adequate. To the extent that they
are known, the quantitative temperature ranges for adults and reproduction are given in the
PICES database.
RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
Taxonomic Patterns of Invasion
The patterns of invasion by taxonomic group are displayed in Figure 25 and Figures 27 to 58,
with taxa that contain four or more NIS in any one biogeographic unit plotted individually. Four
phyla constituted more than 70% of the 747 NIS (Figure 25) - Arthropoda (224), Chordata (114),
Mollusca (110), and Annelida (89). Within the arthropods, the invaders were divided among five
classes - Malacostraca (127), Insecta (45), Maxillopoda (36), Pycnogonida (12) and Ostracoda
(4). Amphipods were the most numerous nonindigenous group within the Malacostraca, with a
total of 50 NIS, while the isopods were the second most numerous, with a total of 34 NIS. The
patterns of these two peracaridan groups differed geographically. Substantially more
nonindigenous amphipods occurred in the NEP (37) than Hawaii (20) or the NWP (7) (Figure
47). In comparison, the NEP and Hawaii had approximately equal numbers of nonindigenous
isopods, 20 and 21 respectively (Figure 48). The only other malacostracan taxon with more than
10 NIS was the decapods, which had a total of 29 NIS. Substantially more nonindigenous
decapods occurred in the NWP (16) than Hawaii or the NEP (Figure 50). However, nine of the
16 nonindigenous decapods in the NWP are aquaculture species or were intentionally released
into the environment, and removing these species from the counts resulted in similar numbers of
decapod invaders across the three biogeographic units.
The copepods were the most numerous taxon within the Maxillopoda, with 22 nonindigenous
species (Figure 51). Copepods were predominantly found in the NEP (18 NIS). Copepod
invaders within the NEP consisted of 12 pelagic Cyclopoida and Calanoida, four benthic
Harpacticoida, and two parasitic Poecilostomatoida. Barnacles constituted the other taxon within
the Maxillopoda, with a total of 14 nonindigenous species. The NWP contained more than twice
the number of nonindigenous barnacles compared to Hawaii or the NEP (Figure 52).
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Nonindigenous insects were predominantly found in Hawaii (40 NTS), with only five and one
nonindigenous marine/estuarine insect reported from the NEP and NWP, respectively (Figure
54). Many of the nonindigenous insects in Hawaii occur in saline streams (Englund, 2002;
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) and are members of families in which the juvenile stage typically
occurs in fresh water (e.g., dragonflies).
The Chordata are composed of two dramatically different groups - the tunicates, with a total of
48 NTS, and fishes (Actinopterygii), with a total of 66 NTS. Nonindigenous tunicates were most
numerous in Hawaii (29 NTS) and the NEP (23 NTS) with only 9 species found in the NWP
(Figure 56). With the fishes, the NWP contained the largest number of nonindigenous species
(34) compared to Hawaii (28) or the NEP (25) (Figure 57). However, the most of the
nonindigenous fish in the NWP were intentionally released into the wild or are maintained in
aquaculture facilities, and in many cases it is not known if they are established in the wild.
The numbers of nonindigenous mollusks were similar among the gastropods (57 NTS) and
bivalves (53 NTS). The number of nonindigenous bivalve species was similar across the NEP,
Hawaii, and NWP (Figure 44). One similarity across all three locations was that each contained
one or more introduced oyster species and wood boring Teredo species. The number of
nonindigenous gastropods was highest in the NEP (28) and similar in Hawaii (19) and the NWP
(20) (Figure 45).
The nonindigenous annelids primarily consisted of polychaetes (81 NTS), with a similar number
of invaders in the NEP and Hawaii (Figure 42). One pattern with the polychaete invaders is that
there are proportionally fewer species in the NWP that exclusively or primarily inhabit soft-
bottom sediments compared to fouling species or those associated with oysters and other biotic
substrates.
Spatial Patterns of Invasion
As mentioned, a total of 747 NTS have been reported from the 23 ecoregions analyzed. In terms
of the total number of invaders, the NEP and Hawaii have approximately equal numbers, 368
and 347 NTS respectively (Figures 24 and 26). In comparison, the NWP, with 208 NTS, has
substantially fewer invaders. With 73 NTS, the NCIP has the fewest reported invaders; however
there is limited information on the five ecoregions making up the NCIP. The pattern of the extent
of invasion by taxonomic group (Figures 25 and 27-58) generally follows the same pattern. Of
the 25 non-aggregated taxonomic groups (e.g., Isopoda and Amphipoda but not Arthropoda), the
NEP had the most or was tied for the most invaders with 15 taxonomic groups, while Hawaii had
the most or was tied with the most invaders for 9 taxonomic groups. The NWP had the most or
was tied with the most invaders with 5 taxonomic groups (Phaeophyceae, Chlorophyta,
Decapoda, Cirripedia, and Actinopterygii). As discussed above, the high numbers of invaders
with the decapods and fishes in the NWP were partially a result of the large proportion of
aquaculture and intentionally released species, many of which have an unknown population
status.
On an individual ecoregion basis, the Hawaii ecoregion is considerably more invaded than any
other ecoregion, with 347 NTS (Figure 24). The Northern California Ecoregion, with 277 NTS, is
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the second most invaded. The Northern California Ecoregion includes the San Francisco Estuary,
which has been considered the most invaded estuary in the United States (Cohen and Carlton,
1998). Our comparison does not include marsh plants, which could reduce the difference
between Hawaii and Northern California. Nonetheless, these results suggest that the near-coastal
waters of Hawaii are more invaded than the San Francisco Estuary. The next three most invaded
ecoregions all occur in the NEP; Southern California Bight (213 NTS), Oregon, Washington,
Vancouver Coast and Shelf (179), and Puget Trough/ Georgia Basin (125). The next four most
invaded ecoregions all occur in the NWP (East China Sea, Central Kuroshio Current, Yellow
Sea, and Sea of Japan) but they are considerably less invaded (69 to 87 NTS) than Hawaii or the
more invaded NEP ecoregions.
These observations raise the question as to why the NWP appears to be less invaded than the
NEP and Hawaii. As a preliminary analysis, we consider eight possible causes for the smaller
number of invaders reported from the NWP, listed in approximate order of their potential
importance.
I) More benign environment in the NEP and Hawaii than NWP. This "environmental matching"
argument suggests that the greater temperature ranges on the western sides of oceans compared
to eastern sides contribute to the asymmetrical invasion pattern. Support for this explanation
comes from an ecoregional-scale analysis of near-coastal sea surface temperatures (SST) in the
North Pacific (Payne et al., 2012). This analysis demonstrated a much greater seasonal and
monthly range in SSTs in the NWP than the NEP for ecoregions at approximately the same
latitude. For example, the Northeastern Honshu and Northern California ecoregions have very
similar 29-year mean near-coastal SSTs, 13.4 C versus 13.5 C. However, over the 29 year
record, the Northeastern Honshu displayed a mean monthly annual range of 16.4 C versus 3.4 C
for Northern California. Although not included in this analysis, SSTs in Hawaii also show small
seasonal and among-year ranges (e.g., Keeling et al., 2004). Based on the concept of
"environmental matching" (e.g., Gollash, 2006; Herborg et al., 2007), the greater temperature
tolerances of Asian species should allow more of them to survive in Hawaii and the NEP than
the reverse. A similar argument has been previously suggested by Chapman (2000) and Reusser
and Lee (2005). Although further analysis is needed, we suggest that the occurrence of more
constant temperature regimes in the NEP and Hawaii is an important factor in their susceptibility
to invasionfrom Asia and potentially other parts of the world.
2) Differences in search effort for NIS. It is recognized that differences in search effort can bias
the number of reported invaders (Ruiz et al., 2000). The Pacific Coast of North America may be
the most intensely studied area for marine/estuarine nonindigenous species in the world (e.g.,
Cohen and Carlton, 1995; Ruiz et al., 2000, Wonham and Carlton, 2005, CANOD, 2009),
followed closely by Hawaii which has been extensively surveyed through the efforts of the
Bishop Museum and other researchers, culminating in a synthesis by Carlton and Eldredge
(2009). While there has been an increasing interest in nonindigenous species in Asia (e.g.,
Iwasaki, 2006; Zvyagintsev et al., 2011), the level of effort does not yet appear to be equal to that
on the U.S./Canadian Pacific coast for most taxa. One indication of the difference in the effort
devoted to detecting NIS between these two regions is that at least eight rapid assessment
surveys (RAS) have been conducted on the Pacific Coast of the United States since 1993 (e.g.,
Cohen et al., 1998, 2005a). In comparison, the first rapid assessments surveys in the NWP appear
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to be those initiated by PICES, with the first one in Dalian, China in 2008
(http://www.pices.int/publicati ons/pices_press/volumel9/vl9_nl/pp_30-3 l_Kobe-WS_f.pdf).
To evaluate the potential effect of search effort, we calculated the relative percent of
nonindigenous fouling organisms to non-fouling invaders in each ecoregion (Figure 59). Foulers
were defined as barnacles, tunicates, bryozoa, hydroids, and serpulid polychaetes. Because of
their economic importance to shipping and aquaculture, a reasonable effort appears to have been
put into their enumeration on all coasts. Additionally, fouling invaders are more obvious than
cryptic guilds of invaders, such as infaunal species, and are more likely to be detected and
reported. We assume, therefore, that fouling invaders are less likely to be underreported
compared to non-fouling invaders. Thus, the relative percent of foulers to non-foulers should be
higher in less well surveyed regions. The two most intensively studied locations, Hawaii and the
NEP, have similar relative percentages of foulers (27.6% versus 26.5%). In comparison, in the
least studied location, the NCIP, foulers constitute about half of the non-foulers (49%). The
NWP has an intermediate value (32.5%). While not conclusive, this increase in the relative
percent of nonindigenous foulers relative to other types of invaders supports the contention that
differences in search effort was an important factor contributing to lower number of NIS in the
NWP and NCIP. It is important to note that the lesser search effort appears to vary substantially
among taxa. Macroalgae have been extensively studied in Japan and China (e.g., Lewis and
Norris, 1987; Yoshida and Yoshinaga, 2010) which may partially explain why there are a
relatively large numbers of nonindigenous brown and green macroalgae reported from the NWP
(Figures 29 and 31).
3) Differences in the application of criteria used to classify species as nonindigenous. Except in
cases of stocked species, classifying a species as nonindigenous usually requires a judgment call
based on incomplete data. We suggest that researchers in the United States and Canada may be
more likely to classify a species as nonindigenous than their Asian counterparts. One indicator of
such an effect is the regional difference in the number of provisional species (species not yet
identified to species) classified as nonindigenous. There were 31 provisional species classified as
NIS in the NEP (8.4% of total NIS) and 22 provisional species classified as NIS in Hawaii (6.3%
of total NIS). In comparison, there were only two provisional species classified as NIS in the
NWP (0.95% of total NIS). This disparity in the number of species with unknown identities and
origins classified as nonindigenous is suggestive of a different viewpoint as to what constitutes
sufficient information to classify a species.
4) Differences in the number oftaxonomic groups evaluated in detail for nonindigenous species.
A factor related to search effort is the difference in the number oftaxonomic groups that have
been evaluated in detail for the presence of NIS. In the NEP, nearly every taxonomic group has
been evaluated for nonindigenous species to some degree. It is our impression that in Asia most
of the effort has focused on larger taxonomic groups, especially those with economic value.
Support for this theory comes from the observation that groups with a relatively large number of
NIS in the NWP include taxa important to aquaculture (brown and green macroalgae and fishes,
Figures 29, 31, and 57) or have direct negative economic impacts (barnacles, Figure 52). In
comparison there are relatively few nonindigenous polychaetes reported from the NWP (Figure
42). Although there have been a number of studies on Japanese polychaetes (e.g., Imajima and
Hartman, 1964) our evaluation of this literature is that it focused on the taxonomy and natural
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history of the species but not whether species were native or introduced, even in cases where the
species had been reported from the East or West coast of the United States.
5) Historical Introductions. There is a long history of ship traffic among Asian countries and
between Asia and the rest of the world. As a result of this historical trade, it is possible that the
origins of some of the Asian species may be lost in antiquity, and that some of the "native"
species in Asia were actually introduced a century or more ago. A similar case occurred on the
U.S. East coast with the snail Littorina littorea, which required extensive genetic analysis of both
the snail and its parasite to demonstrate that it had been introduced from Europe about 500 years
ago (Blakeslee et al., 2008). With heavy ship trading not being a major vector until about the
mid- to late-1800s for Hawaii and the Pacific coast of the United States, such under reporting of
historically introduced species is presumably relatively less important in the NEP and Hawaii.
6) Language barriers. Language barriers limited our access to the original Asian literature. In
many cases, we only had access to an English abstract while in other cases we were aware of a
paper but either could not obtain it or it did not have an English abstract. There is no doubt that
this language barrier limited our ability to fully parse the distributions and natural history
characteristics of Asian species. However, we do not believe that the language barrier resulted in
a substantial underestimate of the number of reported NTS in the NWP. First, we worked with
PICES members from each of the countries to identify the reported NTS in their respective
countries. Second, there have been a number of relatively recent English summaries for NTS in
each of these countries (e.g., Zvyagintsev et al., 2011). While the language barrier is not likely to
have been a major factor in enumerating the previously reported NTS, it is a greater limitation for
taxonomists evaluating foreign taxonomic literature. Without the ability of taxonomic experts to
scrutinize foreign literature, there is a danger that introduced species will be described as new
native species in a region (see Carlton, 2009).
7) Greater propagule pressure in Hawaii and the NEP. The NWP could be less invaded if it
experiences a substantially lower propagule pressure (rate and extent of new invaders being
introduced). However, given the extent of commercial shipping between Asia and the rest of the
world it seems highly unlikely that there is a lower propagule pressure from ballast water or hull
fouling in Asia. In addition, aquaculture escapees should be at least as important in Asia as in
North America and Hawaii. While certain specific vectors may be more important in the NEP
and/or Hawaii (e.g., airplanes for insects in Hawaii) it seems unlikely that a reduced propagule
pressure was a factor in the lower number of reported NTS in the NWP.
8) Greater invasibility in NEP and Hawaii compared to the NWP. The last possibility is that
NEP and Hawaii ecosystems have a greater invasibility; that is they are easier to invade. As used
here, invasibility refers to strength of the ecological interactions resisting the establishment of a
new invader. Invasibility is the result of species interactions, which is different than the NEP and
Hawaii having more benign environments mentioned above in the environmental matching
argument (#1). We have no evidence to support or refute the invasibility hypothesis, but note that
if it is a major factor it would have to operate across a number of different taxa and habitat types,
including fouling, soft-bottom, and plankton assemblages.
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Vectors of Introduction
The last topic we address is an evaluation of the major vectors by which invaders were
transported into the NEP, NWP, and Hawaii (see Table 2). The six vectors analyzed were ballast
water discharges, hull fouling, intentional stocking, aquaculture escapees, aquaculture associated
species, and aquarium/plant trade. Aquaculture escapees are species that are intentionally
stocked but that escaped into the wild. Aquaculture associated species live on or in association
with an aquaculture species and are accidently transported along with them (e.g., species
transported along with oyster stocks).
One or more of these six vectors were considered as a possible transport mechanism for 92% of
the invaders in the NEP, 93% in the NWP, and 86% in Hawaii (Figure 60). The lower percentage
in Hawaii is primarily due to the large number (40) of nonindigenous insects, many of which
were introduced via other vectors such as from airplanes, cargo, or solid ballast. In evaluating the
results, it is important to recognize that many, if not most, invaders are polyvectic (Carlton and
Ruiz, 2005b) and can be transported by more than one vector. Thus, the values in Figure 60 can
sum to more than 100%.
Hull fouling was the major vector in all three locations, and was considered a possible vector for
47% of the invaders in the NWP to 61% in Hawaii (Figure 60). Ballast water discharges were the
second most important vector in all three locations, with its potential importance ranging from
about 40% of the invaders in the NWP to 53% in the NEP. One major difference among the
locations was the greater importance of intentional stocking and aquaculture escapees in the
NWP compared to the NEP and Hawaii. These two vectors combined were potential routes of
introduction for about 46% of the invaders in the NWP compared to about 9-10% in the NEP and
Hawaii. The high percentage of these two aquaculture related vectors in the NWP reflects the
active aquaculture efforts in Asia, though we caution that for many of these nonindigenous
aquaculture species it is not known if they have established wild populations. Another difference
among the locations was the importance of aquaculture associated species, which was a potential
vector for approximately 42% of the invaders in the NEP compared to 15% to 29% in Hawaii
and the NWP, respectively. The greater importance of this vector in the NEP reflects the large
number of invaders historically introduced via the extensive importation of the Atlantic oyster
(Crassostrea virginicd) from the U.S. East Coast and from the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
from Asia. The importance of this vector in NEP has declined both with a reduction in the
number of oysters imported from outside the NEP and with the institution of more stringent
quarantine procedures.
14
-------
MAPS OF MEOW REGIONS
60°E
100 °E
140°E
180:
140:W
100°W
60':W
20°W
20°E
0>
o
CD
O
CO
CO
b
CO
CO
b
CD
High Arctic
Arctic Ocean
North
Atla
west
tlantic
Atlantic
West Ocean
Tropical
Atlantic
^^2
C
Vv
Northeas
, Pacific Pacific
ntral
do - Pacific Eastern
Indo - Pacific
•"4 rvV i ;..""
^ i^—vsVl?.' - .:"~^
.
T
Tropic
Atlantic
Indian
Ocean
Southern Australia and New Zealand
v^J
Antarctica Southern Ocean
Figure 1: Map of the region divisions added to the Marine Ecoregions Of the World (MEOW) to facilitate capturing species classifications.
15
-------
120
140'
160'
180r
160'
140
120f
Sea of
Japan
Sea of Kamcnatka^oast and Shelf
Okhotsk
Oyashio Current
Yellow Sea
Gulf of Alaska
North American
Aleutian Islands Pacific Fijordland vPuget Trough/
OR, WA, Vancouver
Coast and Shelf
'$
ITi
Georgia Basin
<
O Q
^
Northeastern Honshu
Central Kuroshio Current
Northern California
East
China Sea
Southern South Ogasawara Islands
China Kuroshio
Gulf of
Tonkin
South China Sea
Oceanic Islands
~ North Pacific Ocean
Southern CA Bight
Magdalena Transition
Cortezian
Figure 2: Twenty-three MEOW ecoregions analyzed for reported near-coastal nonindigenous species. The Northeast Pacific (NEP)
region is defined as the ecoregions from the Cortezian Ecoregion northward through the Aleutian Islands Ecoregion. The Northwest
Pacific (NWP) region is defined as the East China Sea Ecoregion northward through the Kamchatka Coast and Shelf Ecoregion. The
Northern Central Indo-Pacific (NCIP) is defined as the Southern China, Gulf of Tonkin, South China Sea Oceanic Islands, South
Kuroshio, and Ogasawara Island Ecoregions. The Hawaii Ecoregion is contained within the Eastern Indo-Pacific Region.
16
-------
120°E
140:'E
160:E
180°
160:W
140°W
120°W
100:W
80°W
Arctic Ocean
LO
h-
o
CD
LO
—t—-BeaufprtSea -
Chukchi Sea ^^c&rtjnental coast and shelf
^~Sa. ^i^^=i±j-^^fcr
^^-SeS^Zi^
Lancaster
Viscount Melville-;
Queen Maud
^Complex
Canada
_L
60:W
40:W
20°W
20°E
40:E
60°E
80:E
100':E
Arctic Ocean
LO
o
CD
LO
North and East
Barents Sea
Atlantic
Ocean
Figure 3: Maps in geographic projection of the Arctic region of the modified MEOW schema as shown in the PICES database.
17
-------
60>E
100°E
140:E
180':
140°W
100':'W
60°W
20
-------
120°0'E
140°0'E
160°0'E
180°0'
LO
h-
O
CD
o
LO
o
ro
o
uo
Arctic Ocean
Russia
Oldiotsk
China
Tianjin
Kamchatka
Shelf and Coast
Pacific Ocean
Figure 5: Map of the Northwest Pacific (NWP) region of the modified MEOW schema.
19
-------
105°0'E
120°0'E
135:'0'E
150°0'E
165:'0'E
180°0'
o
co
o
o
jUlf 6f
ronkin South
China
!^ Sea
CO
o
o
o
CO
Pacific
Ocean
Jakarta
Its
"Z-y, Halmahera
..._ East Caroline Islands
JU,,Va ^-,- > .,. (~4 Islands
Shelf/ ^ &&/*. -^i*--^-
-Java , ^ papua ^ Gulf{^
WSea^ /If^ Bismarck
^^XBanda Sea
Sea
~ CocosVKeeling/
Christmas Island
Northeast
•/.-• —
?c5» i
Arafura
A Sea
X A>^
>^Ft^c°a"J
Solomon
iolomon Archipelago Southeast Papua
<;Pa —r New Guinea
Ningaloo )
Indian
Ocean
he/1 V
Bef X
Australia central and Southern
Great Barrier Reef \
Torres Strait Norther
Great Barrier Reef
New
Caledonia
,4a°'
&
Figure 6: Map of the Central Indo-Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema.
20
-------
160:'0'E
180':'0'
160:0'W
140:0'W
120:0'W
100°0'W
o
CO
p
b
CO
p
b
CO
o
b
CO
Gilbert/ Phoenix/
Ellis Tokelau/
Islands Northern Cook
Islands
Samoa Islands
Aucklai
aland
Pacific Ocean
Line
Islands
Marquesas
Society
Islands
.Tuamotus
Southern Cook/
Austral Islands
U.S.A.
Easter Island
Figure 7: Map of the Eastern Indo-Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema.
21
-------
129'0'W 127:0'W 125:0'W 123:0'W 121°0'W
o
LO
o
CO
O
LO
o
CO
50°0'N
Arctic Ocean
45:0'N
Puget Trough /
Georgia Basin
OR, WA, Vancouver
Coast and Shelf
Seattle
Canada
Prince William v
'S~ouncT~~
:• *«»*•
Aleutian Islands
^=f^ \
Gulf of Alaska ,
North American
Pacific Fijordland
OR, WA, Vancouver
Coast and Shelf"""
H
Northern <$
California
U.S.A.
San Francisco
)
. Los Angeles
»3>
O
—«v^
Southern
California
Bight *V\Mazatlan
Magdelena Transition 31 <§?
\j'
Cortezian
Pacific Ocean
>,
180°0' 160°0'W 140°0'W 120°0'W
Figure 8: Map of the Northeast Pacific (NEP) region of the modified MEOW schema.
100°0'W
22
-------
120°0'W
ncro'w
100i:0'W
90°0'W
80°0'W
70°0'W
o
CM
p
b
p
b
Gulf of Mexico
Northern
Galapagos
Islands
Panama Bight
Colombia
Pacific
Ocean
Western r
Galapagos Eastern
Islands Galapagos
Islands
Figure 9: Map of the Tropical Eastern Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema.
23
-------
80°0'W
60:'0'W
40°0'W
o
un
p
b
in
o
o
CD
Pacific
Ocean
M§) Lima
Atlantic Ocean
Figure 10: Map of the Southeast Pacific region of the modified MEOW schema.
24
-------
75:0'W
70°0'W
65°0'W
60°0'W
55°0'W
Pacific
Ocean
CO
P
b
-
o
LO
CO
o
o
o
CD
Atlantic
Ocean
Channels and Fjords
of Southern Chile
Southern
Ocean
Figure 11: Map of the Magellanic region of the modified MEOW schema.
25
-------
60':'0'W
40;0'W
20':0'W
p
o
CO
o
IT)
to
o
o
CO
CO
o
ib
CO
o
la Plata c,
Falkland Is.
South Georgia 3^
South Sandwich Is.
Atlantic
Ocean
Tristan
Gough
Figure 12: Map of the Southwest Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema.
26
-------
100°0'W
80:0'W
60:0'W
40:'0'W
20°0'W
o
CN
O
O
O
O
CO
p
o
o
CN
U.S.A.
.Jamaica
.Haiti
_inican Republic
.Puerto Rico
y \
^^-^ Astern
'QS Caribbean
/ * '
Atlantic
Ocean
Pacific
Ocean
Sao Pedro
and Sao Paulo
Islands /
Trindade
Eastern and (
Brazil Martin Vaz
Islands
*°f Argentina^1 J*
Figure 13: Map of the West Tropical Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema.
27
-------
100:0'W
80°0'W
60°0'W
40:0'W
o _
o
CD
O
LO
o
o
o
o
CN
Hudson i
Bay
Southern Grand
Banks -South
Canada
Newfoundland
y
Halifax^/
Scotian
Atlantic
Ocean
U.S.A.
Jacksonville!
Northern Gulf of Mexico
Gulf of Mexico
Figure 14: Map of the Northwest Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema.
28
-------
GCFO'W
40:'0'W
2CPO'W
20':'0'E
40°0'E
eO'O'E
o
IT)
o
b
o
CO
o
CM
/ ^"S*
.J-HU^**—**"
* J11*^
\r
Atlantic
Ocean
South European* France
Atlantic Shelf \
Figure 15: Map of the Northeast Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema.
29
-------
(TO1
10°0'E
20*01E
30°0'E
o
LO
o
o
o
co
Tunisian Plateau /
Gulf of Sidra
Figure 16: Map of the Mediterranean Sea region of the modified MEOW schema.
30
-------
30°0'E
40°0'E
50°0'E
60°0'E
o
ID
o
b
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
M ed ite rr a n
Sea
Figure 17: Map of the Ponto-Caspian region of the modified MEOW schema.
31
-------
20°0'W
10:0'W
0°0'
10°0'E
o _
o
co
o
CM
o
o
p
o
GO
O
o
GO
o
o
CM
Gulf of Guinea
Upwelling
Atlantic
Ocean
Figure 18: Map of the East Tropical Atlantic region of the modified MEOW schema.
32
-------
15:0'E
30;0'E
45:0'E
60:0'E
75:0'E
CO
p
UD
CO
CO
p
in
Vr^Y
,y* Congo, DRC
\s*S\S M
\ ~l I Tanzania
Swazilan d—f-Jg Maputo
Lesotho
Cape Town
Agulhas Bank
Southern Ocean
/Mauritius
Reunion
Indian
Ocean
Amsterdam-
St. Paul
•Sfeench Southern
& Antarctic Lands
Figure 19: Map of the Southern Africa region of the modified MEOW schema.
33
-------
20°0'E
40°0'E
60:0'E
80:0'E
100°0'E
o v
o
CO
o
CN
O
O
O
O
co
o
o
CO
p
b
r\i
CO
o
O
CO
NlcObar
Islands 2
Cargados
Carajos/
Tromelin
Island
Indian
Ocean
Mascarene
Islands
Southxp*
Africa
Figure 20: Map of the Indian Ocean region of the modified MEOW schema.
34
-------
120°0'E
150°0'E
165°0'E
180°0'
CO
o
b
CM
CO
CD
b
CO
to
o
b
-
in
Pacific
O c e a n
Indian
Ocean
Leeuwin
X
b
i*
«>..
/ •<&&•'.
•£ri *
^ :• •••
Great
Australian ...
Bight . S°u™
Australia!
Gulfs
Great
Australian
Bight
irisban£
Manning-
Hawkesbury
<$„ ,
r^ vi •/-lii^>^ •
.jjs
Western ^tape
Bassian
Sydney
Howe
>i^V
^etc ^
^d^< &
Kermadec
Island
Ta s m a n
Sea
\\
N^^r^
Chatham
Island
s. V
Southern Ocean
Figure 21: Map of the Southern Australia and New Zealand region of the modifed MEOW schema.
35
-------
120°E
140°E
160°E
180°
160°W
140°W
120°W
100°W
80°W
CO
in
CO
o
o
CD
CO
o
LD
, ^0- Campbell
Macquaric ~ llland
,S,and
Bounty
Antipodes
Islands
Antarctica
Southern Ocean
Amundsen/BeJIingshausen Sea
Peter the
First Island
60°W
40;W
20':W
20°E
40°E
60° E
80°E
100°E
CO
o
LO
co
o
CD
CO
UD
h-
Southern Ocean
South
-'South S9utn
Shetland Islands 9fkne,y
•— -- Islands
Sandwich
Islands
Prince
Edward
Islands
Crozet •
Klanik
:
Bouvet
Island
Pjast Antarctica Dronning Maud
und
Kerguelen
Islands
Antarctica
Figure 22: Map of the Antarctica region of the modified MEOW schema.
36
-------
20 :E
60:'E
100:>E
140:E
140:W
100C1W
6CTW
40:'W
20°W
20°E
40°E
/ South
Georgia
South
Orkney
Islands
South
'Shetland
Islan
Peter the First v
Island £
Southern
Ocean
Southern
Bouvet Prince
Ocean /Edward
Islands
Antarctica
East
An
and
itipodes
Islands i
New;
Zealand
East Antarctic
Enderby
Land
)
/
Crozet ]
Islahds
Kerggelen
Islands
Heard and ,i
Macdonald
lsja_nds
Australia
160°W
180°
160:E
140:E
Figure 23: Alternate map in polar stereographic projection of the Antarctica region in the modified
MEOW schema.
37
-------
GRAPHS OF NONINDIGENOUS SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS BY TAXA AND REGION
400
350
300
Northern Central
Indo-Pacific
MIS = 7}
Northwest Pacific
NIS = 2Q8
Northeast Pacific
NIS= J68
200
100
!
j
i
TO
o
iL
1
1
*
n
(0 C : =
1
1
OJ
°
I
j
i
! i
—
(3 TO 0-
ri_
0>
«5
Figure 24: Number of reported nonindigenous species by MEOW ecoregion.
38
-------
250
200 -
150 -
100
f s s s y
&
& J> & &
&
CS*" ^
^ jr
s
s
f 4
/• * #
«<
Figure 25: Total Number of nonindigenous species in the North Pacific region and South China by taxa.
39
-------
400
368
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 26: Total number of nonindigenous species
with a population status of established or
unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 27: Ciliophora: Total number of
nonindigenous Ciliophora with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 28: Macroalgae: Number of nonindigenous
Macroalgae with a population status of established
or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 29: Class Phaeophyceae: Number of
nonindigenous Phaeophyceae with a population
status of established or unknown by region.
40
-------
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 30: Phylum Biliphyta-Rhodophyta:
Number of nonindigenous Rhodophyta with a
population status of established or unknown by
region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 31: Phylum Viridaeplantae-Chlorophyta:
Number of nonindigenous Chlorophyta with a
population status of established or unknown by
region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 32: Phylum Magnoliophyta: Number of
nonindigenous Magnoliophyta with a population
status of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 33: Phylum Porifera: Number of
nonindigenous Porifera with a population status of
established or unknown by region.
41
-------
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 34: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Number of
nonindigenous Platyhelminthes with a population
status of established or unknown by region.
30
N = 42
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 35: Phylum Cnidaria: Number of
nonindigenous Cnidaria with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 36: Cnidaria-Anthozoa: Number of
nonindigenous Anthozoa with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 37: Cnidaria-Hydrozoa: Number of
nonindigenous Hydrozoa with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
42
-------
N = 6
NCIP NWP HAWAII NEP
30
N = 44
NCIP NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 38: Cnidaria-Scyphozoa: Number of Figure 39: Phylum Bryozoa: Number of
nonindigenous Scyphozoa with a population status nonindigenous Bryozoa with a population status
of established or unknown by region. of established or unknown by region.
60
20
10
N = 89
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 40: Phylum Annelida: Number of
nonindigenous Annelida with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 41: Annelida-Clitellata: Number of
nonindigenous Clitellata with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
43
-------
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 42: Annelida-Polychaeta: Number of
nonindigenous Polychaeta with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 43: Phylum Mollusca: Number of
nonindigenous Mollusca with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 44: Phylum Mollusca-Bivalvia: Number of
nonindigenous Bivalvia with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 45: Mollusca-Gastropoda: Number of
nonindigenous Gastropoda with a population
status of established or unknown by region.
44
-------
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 46: Phylum Arthropoda: Number of
nonindigenous Arthropoda with a population
status of established or unknown by region.
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 47: Arthropoda-Amphipoda: Number of
nonindigenous Amphipoda with a population
status of established or unknown by region.
NCIP NWP HAWAII NEP
N = 6
NCIP NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 48: Arthropoda-Isopoda: Number of Figure 49: Arthropoda-Mysida: Number of
nonindigenous Isopoda with a population status of nonindigenous Mysida with a population status of
established or unknown by region. established or unknown by region.
45
-------
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 50: Arthropoda-Decapoda: Number of
nonindigenous Decapoda with a population status of
established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 51: Arthropoda-Copepoda: Number of
nonindigenous Copepoda with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 52: Arthropoda-Cirripedia: Number of
nonindigenous Cirripedia with a population status of
established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
Figure 53: Arthropoda-Pycnogonida: Number of
nonindigenous Pycnogonida with a population
status of established or unknown by region.
46
-------
NCIP NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 54: Arthropoda-Insecta: Number of
nonindigenous Insecta with a population status of
established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 55: Phylum Chordata: Number of
nonindigenous Chordata with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII
NEP
Figure 56: Chordata-Tunicata: Number of
nonindigenous Tunicata with a population status
of established or unknown by region.
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 57: Chordata-Actinopterygii: Number of
nonindigenous Actinopterygii with a population
status of established or unknown by region
47
-------
NCIP
NWP HAWAII NEP
Figure 58: Number of other nonindigenous species
with a population status of established or
unknown by region.
10
NCIP NWP Hawaii NEP
Figure 59: Relative percent of foulers as
calculated as the ratio of foulers to non-fouling
invaders in each ecoregion.
Figure 60: Percent of the total number of nonindigenous species within the NWP, Hawaii, and NEP that
were potentially transported by each of the six most important vectors. The NCIP was not included in
this analysis. Because species can be transported by multiple vectors, the sum of the percents within an
ecoregion can exceed 100%.
48
-------
DECIPHERING SPECIES INFORMATION: KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS
IN SPECIES PROFILES
#Test
Key to Species' Profiles
Species ID: 100828
Taxon: N/A
Kingdom
Sub phylum
Sub d ait:
Oder
Super&mily:
Alio Known A« (Name -Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Superdus:
Infradaii:
Suborder
Family:
Phylum:
Clue
Sups-order
In&aordcr
Sub family:
Type of "Also Kro%*n As"
Synonym
Partial synonym
Misidentifted
Misspelling
Convention (eg., subspecies)
Type Locality! Location where species first described. For provisional species, general location where species description may apply.
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 10/20/2010 9:39:54 AM
Nstive •§ Nonindigenous Cryptogenic Transient ^B Uidassified H Conflicting Classification ^ Unidentified
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
NWP
Date first recordwrthin Reg en
Location where first recorded within Reg en
NlSpopiJsftionestablishedan^fM^ere within Regcn
Hawai
NEP
VECTORS
Aquarium 5
PI art Trade
SH sh|Ps
BW
Ballast
Water
SB
Solid
Ballast
HF
HiJI
Fculira
MS
StrLctur*
AF Aquacdture 5 fisheries
S/R
v;/;;.™
AE
Ly, >\*
» . ,u.qU3CUltuP5
' AO PO
IR
1 legal
ID
Intra-
Etrueture
RE
Res
Edu.
Oevel .
AP
A
°. cjjari un
P
PI art
REC
Recre-
ation
SF
5ea
Food
HR
Sw
0
Other
Comments:
"M aster Cornmert s" -1 imited to four II ne s.
Atlartic
Oyster
Pacific
Oyster
Figure 61: First page of the key to the species profiles. The abbreviations are given in Table 1 and
definitions for habitat and natural history attributes are in Tables 2 to 12.
49
-------
#7esf
Print Date: 10/20/2010
REGIME General location where species occurs
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Semi-enclosed
w/full or close to
Nearshore
0-30m
Shelf
>30 - 200 m
Oceanic
> 200 m
Coastal Fringe
Dunes & semi-
terrestnal wetlands
Ri\-ers
Includes
streams
Lakes
Includes
ponds
Terrestrial
ocean salinity
Ecosystem type in which the species occurs. Ecosystems
areembet ijimes.
UnconsoIidated^E
Unvegetated
UV-CS
Coastal
Shore
UV-TF
Tidal Flat
(estuarine)
UV-SUB
Subtidal
(estuarine or
SAV
Sub.
MAR
Marsh
ment ecosystems
gravel/cobble.
MAN
Man-
arove
D
Dune
Veg.
Consolidated ^~£
py Rocky
*y Inter.
TP
Tide
Pool
RI-PH
Phyllos-
padix
SR
Subtldal
Rocky
CR
Coral
Reef
O/M
Oyster/
IVkis, Reel
F
Foul-
inci
tes.
K
Kelp
Forest
Pelagic
Water
column
ocean! c)
DEPTH Observed and preferred numerical depth range.
BenthJC Depth Depth classes for benthic, demersal, and hyperbenthic specie
Coastal Fringe
Dunes & semi-
terrestrial wetlands
Supralittoral
Splash Zone
Intertidal
Between high and
low tides levels
Subtidal,^
Sub-Shallow
>0-30 m
Sub-Deep
>30 - 200 m
Bathyal
>200 - 2000 m
Abyssal
>2000 - 6000 m
Hadal
>6000 m
PelaglC Depth Depth classes for species living m the water column.
Epipelagic o-2oom
Epi- Surface
o- 1 m
Epi-Shallow
>1 -30m
Epi-Deep
>30-200m
Meso
>200- 1000m
Bathyal
>1000- 2000m
Abyssal
> 2000 -6000m
Hadal
>6000 m
T TN^niVTSnT Tn A TFn «T rnSTD A TV substrate type the organism occupies, which Is
UINCONSOL11JA1E1J bUBMKAlJi. embedded in the Ecosystem.
Mud
Silts & Clays
Sand
Sands
Mix. Fines
Mixture of silt/clays
and sand
Gravel
Unconsolidated
2 - 64 mm
Cobble
Unconsolidated
64 - 254 mm
Mixed Sediments
Mixture or mud/sand with
gravel/cobble
Organic
Primarily consisting
of detritus
rT»]\T«r»T in A TETI «T TR«TT? A TP The actual consolidated substrate type the organism
LUNSOL1DA1KL) SUBMKA1E occupies, which is embedded in the Ecosystem.
R Rocky
HPp"nd
BJOgenic Living or Dead Organisms
C
Coral
0
Oyster
M
Mussel
W
Worm
Reef
CA
Corallini
Alqae
K
Kelp
RA
Rooted
Aquatic
MAN
Mangrove
DW
Drift
Wood
Artificial Substrate
R
Rip-Rap
P
Pilings
H + B
Hull/
Ballast
Oth
Other
SALINITY Observed and preferred numerical depth range.
Fresh °p:°-5
Brackish 0.5-00 psu
01igohalme°-5DSu<5
Beta
0.5 - <3 psu
Alpha
3 -<5psu
Mesohaline^^18
Beta
5 - <10 psu
Alpha
10 -<18 psu
Polyhaline18^31
Beta
18-<25psu
Alpha
25 -<30 psu
Marine30^40
Beta
30 - <36 psu
Alpha
36 - <40 psu
Hyper £
FROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
Parasite
SA
Symbiotic
Algae
PP
Primary
Producer
H
Herbivore
p
Predator
s
Scavenger
DET
Detritovore
DEC
Decomposer
SF
Suspension
Feeder
DF Deposit Feeder
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Surface Deposit-
Feeder
Subsurface Deposit-
Feeder
Sexual
TT Hermaphro-
n dite
SynH
Synchronous
SeqH
Sequential
G/D
Gonochoristic
Dioecious
ct; Spawning /
or Fertilization Tvne
IF
Internal
Ff.rtili7atinn
FEE
External
EfittiUzaJioi
PCS
Free-Cast
S;paw/n«ir
P
Pollination
Asexual
BF
Binary
Fission
BUD
Budding
PAR/AGA
Parthenogenesis
Aaamospennv
VP
SP
I Vegetative Sporo-
ProDagatiorJ genesis
EARLY DEVELOPMENT P^f,'% %!£* E" "' JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
Live Birth
w/ Nutritional
OVI
Egg Laying
ovo
Live Birth w;
No Nutritional
DD
Direct
Development
LP Larval Phase
T P O^en*n'c
LP-P"™™
FR
; Fragments
SD
Seeds
SP
Spores
Supply
Supply
HABITAT ASSOCIATIONspecifics of where the species lives within its habitat.
Pelapic Llves On/ln
reldBlt Water Colur
PL
^leuston -
Ploats at
NE
Neuston -
Floats
SUB
Submerge!
in Water
SeaSurfaceBeJowSea Column
Surface
pi f • • Lives On/In Consolidated or
m uenmit Unconsolldated Substrate
DFMDemerSi
LJE/iV1 - Mobile
BP
Bentho-
uelaqic -
EPS
Epi benthic -
Swimmino
1 CTTTI Surficial
iU1>Non.moti
EPU
Epibenthlc
- Unconsol
EPC
Epibentnic
- Consol-
,UR
Under
Rocks
B
Borer in
Wood or
N
Nestler
-In
SF
Semi-
Infaunal
IN
Infaunal
Epibiotic^
EPP
Epiphytic
On Plants
EPZ
Epi zoic •
On Animals
Rock Crevice
Swimming w/Contact itiated idated
Above w/Substrate Substrate Substrate
Bottom
Figure 62: Second page of the key to the species profiles. The abbreviations are given in Table 1 and
definitions for habitat and natural history attributes are in Tables 2 to 12. O = Observed habitat range;
P = Preferred habitat range.
50
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TABLES
Table Key to Species Profiles
Table 1: Tables associated with attributes in the species profiles and list of abbreviations used in the
key to the species profiles (Figures 61 and 62).
Attribute /
Level in Species Profile
Date of 1st Record
Established
Vectors - Level 1
Vectors - Level 2
Vectors - Level 3
Regime
Ecosystem - Level 2
Ecosystem - Level 3
Abbreviations
NWP
NEP
SH
MS
AF
ID
RE
AP
REC
SF
HR
O
BW
SB
HF
S/R
AE
AA
IR
A
P
AO
PO
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
RI
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
UV-CS
UV-TF
UV-SUB
TP
Meaning
First published report of a NIS
Northwest Pacific
Northeast Pacific
Whether NIS is established in NEP,
Hawaii, or NWP. Natives assumed to
be established.
Ships
Moveable structures
Aquaculture and fisheries
Infrastructure development
Research and education
Aquarium and plant trade
Recreation
Seafood
Habitat restoration and migration
Other
Ballast water
Solid ballast
Hull fouling
Stocking and release
Aquaculture escape
Aquaculture associated
Illegal release
Aquarium
Plant
Atlantic oyster
Pacific oyster
Submerged aquatic vegetation
Marsh
Mangrove
Dunes
Rocky intertidal
Subtidal rocky
Coral reef
Oyster/mussel reef
Fouling assemblage
Kelp forest
Coastal shore
Tidal flat (estuaries)
Subtidal (estuaries and oceanic)
Tide pool
Table / Figure
Table 2
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Table 3
Table 4
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
51
-------
Attribute /
Level in Species Profile
Depth
Unconsolidated Substrate
Consolidated Substrate -
Level 1
Consolidated Substrate -
Level 2
Salinity
Trophic Level and Feeding
- Level 1
Trophic Level and Feeding
- Level 2
Reproduction - Level 2
Early Development -
Level 1
Abbreviations
RI-PH
R
HP
C
0
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
R
P
H + B
Oth
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
H
G/D
SF
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
V
OVI
Meaning
Rocky intertidal - Phyllospadix
Rocky
Hard pan
Coral
Oyster
Mussel
Worm Reef
Coralline algae
Kelp
Rooted aquatics
Mangrove
Drift wood
Rip-rap
Pilings
Hull/Ballast
Other
Parasite
Symbiotic algae
Primary producer
Herbivore
Predator
Scavenger
Detritivore
Decomposer
Suspension feeder
Deposit feeder
Surface deposit feeder
Subsurface deposit feeder
Hermaphrodite
Gonochoristic/Dioecious
Spawning/Fertilization type
Binary fission
Budding
Parthenogenic/Agamospermy
Vegetative propagation
Sporogenesis
Viviparous
Oviparous
Table / Figure
"
Table 5
Table 6
Table 6
"
"
«
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Table 7
Table 8
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
Table 9
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Table 10
"
"
52
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Attribute /
Level in Species Profile
Juvenile development and
dispersal - Level 1
Juvenile development and
dispersal - Level 2
Habitat Association -
Level 2
Habitat Association -
Level 3
Abbreviations
ovo
LP
FR
SD
SP
LP-B
LP-P
PL
NE
SUB
DEM
SUR
UR
B
N
SF
IN
EPP
EPZ
BP
EPS
EPU
EPC
Meaning
Ovoviviparous
Larval phase
Fragments
Seeds
Spores
Benthic larvae
Planktonic larvae
Pleuston
Neuston
Submerged in water column
Demersal - motile
Surficial - non-motile
Under rocks
Borer
Nestler
Semi-infaunal
Infaunal
Epiphytic
Epizoic
Benthopelagic
Epibenthic - swimming
Epibenthic - unconsolidated
Epibenthic - consolidated
Table / Figure
"
Table 11
"
"
"
"
«
"
"
Table 12
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
«
"
"
"
"
53
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Vectors
Table 2: Definitions of terms for primary vectors of invasion.
Level 1
Ships and Boats
Moveable
Structures
Aquaculture and
Fisheries
Level 2
Commercial
Recreational
Drilling Platforms
Dry Docks
Buoys
Other
Intentional
Stocking/Release
Aquaculture
Escapees
Aquaculture
Associated Species
Level 3
Ballast Water
Solid Ballast
Hull Fouling
Other
Ballast Water
Solid Ballast
Hull Fouling
Other
Definition
Transport associated with commercial vessels and
recreational boats.
Transport associated with commercial vessels
including cruise ships and fishing boats.
Transport of organisms in ballast water, including
species growing on the interior of ballast water tanks
and in the sediment in the bottom of ballast tanks.
Transport of organisms living on or associated with
solid ballast such as rocks. More important
historically.
Transport of organisms living on or associated with
the hulls of commercial vessels, including organisms
ensnared on propellers.
Transport associated with other mechanisms on
commercial vessels, including bilge water and anchor
chains.
Transport of organisms associated with recreational
boats, including boats limited to coastal/inland use and
ocean-going yachts.
Transport of organisms in ballast water, including
species growing on the interior of ballast water tanks
and in the sediment in the bottom of ballast tanks.
Usually not a major vector in recreational boats.
Transport of organisms living on or associated with
solid ballast such as rocks. More important
historically.
Transport of organisms living on or associated with
the hulls of recreational boats, including organisms
ensnared on propellers.
Transport associated with other mechanisms on
recreational boats.
Transport of organisms on mobile seagoing structures
other than ships and boats.
Transport of organisms associated with the movement
of drilling platforms or oil rigs.
Transport of organisms associated with the movement
of floating dry docks.
Transport of organisms associated with the movement
of buoys.
Transport of organisms associated with other
moveable structures.
Transport of target species and "hitchhikers"
associated with enhancement of wild fisheries stocks
or aquaculture.
Intentional release of a nonindigenous species usually
a fishery or recreational species.
Target aquaculture species escaping into the wild.
Nonindigenous species associated with target
aquaculture species (hitchhikers) escaping into the
wild.
54
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Level 1
Infrastructure
Development
Research and
Education
Aquarium and
Plant
Trade
Recreation
Live Seafood
Level 2
Intentional Illegal
Release
Other
Canals
Dredging
Other
Public Aquaria
Research
Other
Aquarium Escapees
and Hitchhikers
Ornamental Plant
Escapees and
Hitchhikers
Other
Live Bait and
Packing
Other
Processing
Release
Level 3
Atlantic
oysters
Pacific
oysters
Navigation
Canals
Irrigation
Canals
Definition
Transport of species associated with Atlantic oysters,
including Crassostrea virginica.
Transport of species associated with Pacific oysters,
including Crassostrea gigas and C. ariakensis.
The intentional illegal release of nonindigenous
species by the public, often to establish a game
population.
Other transport mechanisms associated with fisheries
and aquaculture.
Transport of organisms associated with activities
related to the development and maintenance of water
ways, agriculture, transportation, or forms of
commerce.
Transport associated with construction of a canal
between water bodies that were unconnected or had
only limited connection.
Transport associated with canals constructed to allow
navigation of ships and barges.
Transport associated with canals constructed to
transport irrigation water, more important for
freshwater organisms.
Transport associated with either the disposal of dredge
materials or on the dredgers and their equipment.
Other transport mechanisms associated with
infrastructure development.
Accidental releases from facilities related to research
or education.
Accidental releases from public aquaria.
Accidental releases from academic, governmental, or
private research facilities.
Accidental releases from other types of research and
education facilities.
Transport of organisms associated with the
importation, culture, selling, and personal
culture/release of aquarium species or ornamental
plants.
Transport and subsequent escape of aquarium
fish/plants or of the flora and fauna associated with the
aquarium fish/plants and associated packing material.
Transport and subsequent escape of ornamental plants
or of the flora and fauna associated with ornamental
plants and their soil and packing material.
Other transport mechanisms related to the aquarium or
plant trade.
Transport associated with outdoor recreational
activities (other than gardening).
Transport associated with release of live bait or the
packing material, including water, used in live bait.
Other transport mechanisms associated with
recreational water activities.
Transport associated with live seafood trade
Transport associated with the processing phase of the
live seafood trade.
Purposeful or accidental release of live seafood.
55
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Level 1
Habitat
Restoration
and Mitigation
Other/Unknown
Level 2
Packing
Habitat Restoration
Biocontrol
Other
Unknown
Level 3
Definition
Transport of "hitchhikers" associated with the packing
material used with live seafood.
Transport associated with activities related to the
creation or restoration of habitats, including control of
invasive pests.
Transport associated with habitat restoration such as
wetland creation. Includes both the species used in
habitat restoration and any "hitchhikers" associated
species, soil, or packing material.
Introduction through non-native biocontrol species
becoming established.
Vector either not included in above list or unknown.
Vector not captured in above list.
Unknown vector.
Regimes
Table 3: Definitions for the regime categories. Regimes are the broad physical and environmental
divisions based on a combination of salinity, geomorphology, and depth (see Madden et al., 2005).
Regime Class
Terrestrial
Lakes and Ponds (Lentic)
Rivers, Streams, and Creeks (Lotic)
Estuaries and Lagoons
Coastal Fringe
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Definition
Land areas not directly impinging upon aquatic ecosystems.
Body of standing fresh water, including wetlands.
Flowing bodies of freshwater, including riparian zones.
Estuary: A semi-enclosed coastal water body with one or more rivers or
streams flowing into it and with a connection to the ocean. Salinities in
estuaries are normally below that of the bordering ocean water.
Lagoons: Shallow coastal water bodies separated from the ocean by a
barrier island or by shallow or exposed sandbanks or coral reefs.
Depending upon freshwater inputs and connection to the ocean, salinity
in lagoons can range from essentially fresh to hypersaline.
Area between terrestrial and nearshore or estuarine ecosystems with
primarily terrestrial characteristics but strongly effected by bordering
aquatic ecosystem (e.g., sand dunes, estuarine shrub/scrub wetland,
estuarine forest wetland).
A semi-enclosed segment of a coastline that has marine salinities or only
slightly reduced salinities.
0 - 30m. The outer coast; from the intertidal to 30m bathymetric isopleth.
30 - 200m bathymetric isopleths. The benthos and water above that
borders the continent and extends out to where there is an increased slope
of the seafloor, approximately 200m depth.
> 200m bathymetric isopleths. Includes the benthos and water above the
continental slope and ocean floor.
56
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Ecosystems
Table 4: Definitions for the ecosystem categories. Ecosystems are broad ecosystem types located within the regimes.
Major Habitat Type:
Level 1
Unconsolidated
Ecosystems
Ecosystem Class:
Level 2
Unvegetated
Sediment
Submerged Aquatic
Vegetation (SAY)
Ecosystem Class:
Level 3
Coastal Shore
Tide Flats
Subtidal
Zostera
Ecosystem Class:
Level 4
Clastic Sediments
Carbonate Sediment
Burrowing Shrimp
Clastic Sediments
Carbonate Sediment
Clastic Sediments
Carbonate Sediment
Zostera marina
Definition
Ecosystem types associated with sediment.
Sediment environments where plants or algae do not
dominate. Exposed sediment.
Sediment environments along the coast that are affected by
the tides and water activity (shore waves), i.e. sandy beaches
A sediment environment (beach) composed of rock fragments.
A sediment environment (beach) composed of calcium
carbonate, including shells, calcified algae, and coral
skeletons.
Relatively flat, sediment areas that are submerged or exposed
by the changing tides. Includes mud flats.
Sediment environments that are composed of shrimp burrows.
These environments are usually dominated by one species of
shrimp (e.g., Neotrypaea sp.).
A tidal flat where the sediment is composed of rock
fragments.
A tidal flat where the sediment is composed of calcium
carbonate. Sources include shells, calcified algae, and coral
skeletons.
Sediment that is covered by a body of water at all times,
without exposure to air due to tides.
Sandy subtidal where the sediment is composed of rock
fragments.
Sandy subtidal where the sediment is composed of calcium
carbonate. Sources include shells, calcified algae, and coral
skeletons.
Sediment environments that include and are dominated by
aquatic plants that are covered by water, i.e. seagrasses.
SAV environments dominated by the seagrass Zostera.
SAV environments dominated by the seagrass Zostera
marina. Z. marina is native to the Northeast Pacific (NEP).
57
-------
Major Habitat Type:
Level 1
Ecosystem Class:
Level 2
Macroalgal Beds
Emergent Marsh
Ecosystem Class:
Level 3
Posidonia
Halodule
Cymodocea
Syringodium
Thalassia
Ruppia
Halophila
Other
Distichlis
Spartina
Salicornia/
Sarcocornia
Juncus
Other
Ecosystem Class:
Level 4
Zoster a japonica
Definition
SAV environments dominated by the seagrass Zostera
japonica. Z. japonica is introduced to the NEP and native in
the Northwest Pacific (NWP).
SAV environments dominated by plant species within the
genus Posidonia.
SAV environments dominated by plant species within the
genus Halodule (specific manatee grasses or seagrasses).
SAV environments dominated by plant species within the
genus Cymodocea (manatee grasses).
SAV environments dominated by plant species within the
genus Syringodium (manatee grasses).
SAV environments dominated by plant species within the
genus Thalassia (turtle grasses).
SAV environments dominated by plant species within the
genus Ruppia (widgeonweed or widgeon grass).
SAV environments dominated by plant species within the
genus Halophila.
Sediment environments that are dominated by an aquatic plant
that is not included in the provided SAV choices.
Sediment environments where macroalgae are dominant and
shape the habitat characteristics (e.g., algal mats of Ulva,
Porphyra).
Intertidal sediment environments dominated by vegetation that
is rooted in the soil. i.e. marsh grasses and salt tolerant
succulents.
Marshes that are dominated by plant species within the genus
Distichlis.
Marshes that are dominated by plant species within the genus
Spartina (cord grasses).
Marshes that are dominated by plant species within the genus
Salicornia (glasswort, pickleweed). Note that some species of
Salicornia are now referred to Sarcocornia.
Marshes that are dominated by plant species within the genus
Juncus.
Marshes that are dominated by an aquatic plant that is not
included in the provided marsh plant choices.
58
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Major Habitat Type:
Level 1
Consolidated Ecosystem
Ecosystem Class:
Level 2
Mangrove
Dune
Wrack
Other
Rocky Intertidal
Subtidal Rocky
Coral Reef
Oyster/ Mussel
Reef
Worm Reef
Coralline Algae
Reef or Habitat
Ecosystem Class:
Level 3
Rhizophora
Avicennia
Languncularia
Other
Tide Pool
Phyllospadix
Caves
Ecosystem Class:
Level 4
Definition
Intertidal sediment environments dominated by salt-tolerant
trees and shrubs. Found in tropical and subtropical areas.
Mangrove forests that are dominated by plant species within
the genus Rhizophora.
Mangrove forests that are dominated by plant species within
the genus Avicennia (includes black mangroves).
Mangrove forests that are dominated by plant species within
the genus Languncularia.
Mangrove forests that are dominated by an aquatic plant that
is not included in the provided marsh plant choices.
Sand hills or ridges on land that are be created by wind.
Dried vegetation and associated debris usually left behind by
the receding tide.
Sediment habitats not previously mentioned.
Ecosystem types associated with hard substrate.
Rocky environments on the coastal shore that are periodically
exposed to both air and water. The zone between the high and
low tide marks.
A pool of water left behind by the receding tide. Commonly
found in the rocky intertidal.
Rocky habitats dominated by species of surfgrass within the
genus Phyllospadix.
A chamber formed by rocks or another hard substrate (i.e. lava
tubes) in the intertidal zone.
Rocky environments below low tide mark that are always
submerged by water.
Areas where the rocky substrate is dominated by reef forming
coral animals.
Hard substrate that is covered or formed by bivalve shells.
Hard substrate that is predominantly composed of worm
tubes.
Hard substrate that is predominantly composed of calcified
algae. The algae can either be the encrusting form or the
unattached rhodolith form.
59
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Major Habitat Type:
Level 1
Pelagic Ecosystem
Ecosystem Class:
Level 2
Kelp forest
Fouling
Other
Water
Column
Floating Vascular
Plants or
Macroalgae
Flotsam
Ecosystem Class:
Level 3
Ecosystem Class:
Level 4
Definition
Hard substrate that supports the growth of very large brown
algae (Laminariales and/or Fucales). These habitats tend to be
subtidal and occur in mid and high latitudes.
Hard substrate such as a boat hull that supports a community
of organisms.
Habitats associated with hard substrates that were not
previously mentioned.
The ocean water column and unobstructed surface. Open
water.
Open water habitat where organisms are completely
surrounded by water (no surfaces, sides, or floors); within the
pelagic zone.
Large mats/rafts of plants or algae that float unattached on the
water's surface in the open ocean.
Aggregated floating debris in the open ocean.
60
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Depth
Table 5: Definitions for the depth categories for benthic and pelagic habitats.
Benthic/Pelagic
Benthic
Pelagic
Depth Class:
Level 1
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal (MLLW-
MHHW)
Neritic
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Epipelagic
Mesopelagic
Bathypelagic
Abyssopelagic
Hadopelagic
Depth Class:
Level 2
Upper Intertidal
Mid Intertidal
Lower Intertidal
Shallow Subtidal
Deep Subtidal
Surface
Shallow
Deep
Definition
Associated with the seafloor.
The terrestrial area immediately surrounding
estuaries and oceans. It is the location of habitats
such as coastal dunes and certain types of
intermittently flooded wetlands (e.g., forested
wetlands).
Area above the high water level that is
periodically wetted by breaking waves or during
extreme storms. The splash zone.
The zone between the average daily highest high
tide and the average daily lowest low tide. This
zone is periodically submerged by water or
exposed to air. Also referred to as the littoral
zone, though some publications use littoral to
include the shallow subtidal.
Highest intertidal zone, predominantly exposed to
the air.
Between the highest and lowest intertidal zone.
Lowest intertidal zone, predominantly submerged
by water.
> 0 - 200m. Subtidal zone extending from the
low water mark to the approximate edge of the
continental shelf. Also referred to as the
sublittoral zone.
> 0 - 30m
>30 - 200m
>200 - 2000m. This benthic zone is below the
euphotic zone and extends down the continental
slope.
>2000 - 6000m. This zone has a temperature of
4°C or less. It is the largest benthic ocean zone.
> 6000m. The deepest areas of the sea, including
ocean trenches.
The estuary or ocean water column and
unobstructed surface. Open water.
0 - 200m
0-lm
> 1 - 30m
> 30 - 200m
>200 - 1000m
> 1000 - 2000m
> 2000 - 6000m
> 6000m
61
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Substrate
Table 6: Definitions for substrate categories.
Level 1
Unconsolidated
Level 2
Mud
Sand
Mixed fines
Level 3
Clay
Silt
Mineral
Carbonate
Siliceous ooze
Fine sand
Medium sand
Coarse sand
Mineral
Carbonate
Siliceous ooze
Sandy mud
Muddy sand
Mineral
Definition
Substrate composed of individual particles < 256 mm that are not
cemented together. Substrate that can be moved by tidal or ocean
currents or moved by larger organisms.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of>75%, by weight, particles
<0.063 mm in size. The combination of clay and silt is referred to as
"fines".
Unconsolidated sediment composed of>75%, by weight, particles in the
size range of 0.001-0.004 mm.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of>75%, by weight, particles in the
size range of 0.004-0.063 mm.
Mud primarily composed of rock fragments.
Mud primarily composed of carbonate sediments, such as muds derived
from corals.
Mud composed of > 30%_siliceous remains from diatoms, radiolarians,
siliceous sponges, and silicoflagellates.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of >75%, by weight, particles in the
size range of 0.063 - 2 mm.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of >75%, by weight, particles in the
size range of 0.063 - 0.25 mm.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of >75%, by weight, particles in the
size range of 0.25 - 0.5 mm.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of >75%, by weight, particles in the
size range of 0.5 - 2 mm.
Sand primarily composed of rock fragments.
Sand primarily composed of carbonate sediments, such as maerl.
Sand composed of > 30%_siliceous remains from diatoms, radiolarians,
siliceous sponges, and silicoflagellates.
Combination of mud and sand, where the two classes constitute >95%
of the weight. Do not confuse with "mixed sediments", a mixture of
mud/sand and cobble/gravel/rock.
Unconsolidated substrate where mud constitutes 25-50% and sand 50-
75% of the weight.
Unconsolidated substrate where mud constitutes <50 to 75% and sand
25-50% of the weight.
Mixed fines primarily composed of rock fragments.
62
-------
Level 1
Consolidated
Level 2
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed sediments
Organic Sediment
Rock
Level 3
Carbonate
Siliceous ooze
Clean gravel
Gravel w/mud
Gravel w/sand
Mineral
Carbonate
Clean cobble
Cobble w/mud
Cobble w/sand
Mineral
Carbonate
Gravelly mud
Muddy gravel
Gravelly sand
Sandy gravel
Definition
Mixed fines primarily composed of carbonate sediments.
Mixed fines composed of > 30%_siliceous remains from diatoms,
radiolarians, siliceous sponges, and silicoflagellates.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of >75%, by weight, of particles in
the range of 2 - 64 mm.
Gravel substrate with <5% mud and sand intermixed.
Gravel substrate with > 5% mud intermixed.
Gravel substrate with > 5% sand intermixed.
Gravel primarily composed of rock fragments.
Gravel primarily composed of carbonate sediments, such as maerl.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of >75% by weight of particles in
the size range of 64-256 mm. In some classifications, cobble is
considered a consolidated sediment.
Cobble sediment with <5% sand and mud intermixed.
Cobble sediment with > 5% mud intermixed.
Cobble sediment with > 5% sand intermixed.
Cobble composed primarily of rock fragments.
Cobble composed primarily of carbonate.
Unconsolidated sediment composed of both sand and mud with gravel
or cobble, where gravel and cobble constitute >5% but <75% of the
sediment weight. Do not confuse with "mixed fines".
Unconsolidated sediment where gravel >5% but <30% of the weight
and the percentage of mud exceeds the percentage of sand.
Unconsolidated sediment where gravel >30% but <75% of the weight
and the percentage of mud exceeds the percentage of sand.
Unconsolidated sediment where gravel >5% but <30% of the weight
and the percentage of sand exceeds the percentage of mud.
Unconsolidated sediment where gravel >30% but <75% of the weight
and the percentage of sand exceeds the percentage of mud.
Sediment with high proportion of vegetative detritus. >30% organic
matter (> 17% organic carbon) according to Howes and Kenik (1997).
Substrates composed of particles >256 mm or of unbroken rock.
Substrate not moved by organisms or tidal or ocean currents except in
extreme storms.
63
-------
Level 1
Level 2
Hardpan
Biogenic
Artificial Substrate
Level 3
Boulder
Bedrock
Coral
Oyster
Mussel
Worm reef
Coralline algae
Kelp
Rooted Aquatic
Mangrove
Drift wood
Other
Rip rap
Piling
Hulls & Ballast tanks
Other
Definition
Substrates composed of particles >256 mm but not forming a single
unbroken surface.
Unbroken rock. Includes both hard rocks and softer rocks, such as
chalk.
Sand, silt, or clay particles that are slightly cemented to well cemented
together to form a hard, and often flat, consolidated surface.
Substrate composed of the surface of living or dead organisms.
Substrate primarily composed of living or dead corals. Coral broken
into silt, clay, sand, or cobble sized particles are classified as
unconsolidated carbonate sediments.
Substrate primarily composed of living or dead oyster shells. Shells
broken into clay, silt, sand, or cobble sized particles are classified as
unconsolidated carbonate sediments.
Substrate primarily composed of living or dead mussel shells. Shells
broken into clay, silt, sand, or cobble sized particles are classified as
unconsolidated carbonate sediments.
Substrate provided by worms with hard tubes constructed of sand grains
or calcium carbonate (e.g., Sabellariidae).
Calcareous substrate provided by algae of the Order Corallinales.
Substrate provided by the fronds and holdfasts of kelp.
Substrate provided by the leaves of rooted aquatic vegetation, including
emergent vegetation.
Hard substrate provided by mangroves.
Natural drift wood.
Other consolidated substrates not included in the list of biotic substrates.
Hard substrates placed into estuarine or oceanic environments.
Hard substrate provided by rocks and concrete used in breakwalls,
groins, jetties, and shoreline armoring.
Hard substrate provided by concrete and wood piling and piers to
support docks, bridges, and other superstructures.
Hard substrate on the exterior or interior of ships and boats, including
derelict or decommissioned ships.
Other artificial substrates not listed above.
64
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Salinity
Table 7: Definitions for the salinity classes.
Salinity Classes:
Level 1
Fresh water
Brackish
Marine/Euhaline
Hypersaline
Venice System:
Level 2
Oligohaline
Mesohaline
Polyhaline
Division of Venice Classes:
Level 3
Beta-oligohaline
Alpha-oligohaline
Beta-mesohaline
Alpha-mesohaline
Beta-polyhaline
Alpha-poly haline
Beta-euhaline
Alpha-euhaline
Definition
< 0.5 psu
0.5 - < 30 psu
0.5 - < 5 psu
0.5 - < 3 psu
3 - < 5 psu
5 - < 18 psu
5 - < 10 psu
10 - < 18 psu
18 - < 30 psu
18 - < 25 psu
25 - < 30 psu
30 - < 40 psu
30 - < 36 psu
36 - < 40 psu
> 40 psu
65
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Trophic Modes
Table 8: Definitions for the trophic modes.
Level 1
Primary
Producer
Herbivore
Predator
Scavenger
Detritovore
Decomposer
Suspension
Feeder
Level 2
Photosynthetic
Chemosynthetic
Grazer
Folivore
Other
Secondary
Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
Quaternary
Consumer
Quinary Consumer
Active
Passive
Obligate
Level 3
Level 4
Explanation
Metabolic energy derived from sunlight or chemosynthesis in contrast
to consumption of other organisms.
Metabolic energy derived from photosynthesis.
Metabolic energy derived from oxidation of methane, hydrogen
sulfide, or other reduced molecules.
An organism that feeds on plants. Species feeding on phytoplankton
via suspension feeding are covered under "Suspension Feeders".
An organism that feeds by rasping benthic algae from sediment,
rocks, or leaf surfaces. May consume some smaller benthic
organisms, but if animals are dominant food source, the species is
classified as a predator.
Feeds on leaves.
Herbivore feeding mechanism not included in the above list.
Feeds on animals.
Predator feeding primarily on herbivores. Also called a Primary
predator.
Predator feeding primarily on secondary consumers. Also called a
Secondary predator.
Predator feeding primarily on tertiary consumers. Also called a
Tertiary predator.
Predator feeding primarily on quaternary consumers. Also called a
Quaternary predator.
Feeds on dead organic material. Usually used for species feeding on
larger particles or animal remains
In contrast to scavengers, feed on small detritus (i.e. plant and animal
remains).
Organisms that breakdown and digest dead organisms. Bacteria and
fungi are major decomposer groups.
Feeds on phytoplankton, zooplankton, and/or suspended particles in
the water column.
Captures planktonic particles by pumping or sweeping water past a
filter.
Utilizes ocean currents to transport planktonic particles past a
particle-trapping mechanism, such a filter or sticky trap.
Feeds only as a suspension feeder.
66
-------
Level 1
Deposit Feeder
Other
Parasite/
Disease
Symbiotic
Algae
Level 2
Facultative
Surface Deposit
Feeder
Subsurface Deposit
Feeder
Obligate
Facultative
Ectoparasite
Endoparasite
Disease
Level 3
Level 4
Explanation
Switches between suspension feeding and other feeding mechanism,
such as deposit feeding.
Ingests sediment particles, feeding on the associated detritus,
microflora, and microorganisms.
Ingests particles at the sediment interface.
Ingests subsurface particles.
Feeds only as a deposit feeder.
Switches between deposit feeding and other feeding modes, such as
suspension feeding.
Feeding mechanism not included in the above list.
Organisms that feed on host and are physiologically / metabolically
dependent upon host. Usually smaller than host.
External parasite, including gill parasites.
Internal parasite.
Species deriving nutrition from symbiotic microflora, such as many
corals. This classification is for the host species; the microflora would
be classified as a primary producer.
Species deriving nutrition from symbiotic microflora, such as many
corals. This classification is for the host species; the microflora would
be classified as a primary producer.
67
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Reproductive Strategies
Table 9: Definitions for the terms describing various reproductive strategies.
Level 1
Asexual
reproduction
Sexual
Reproduction
Level 2
Binary fission
Budding and fragmentation
Parthenogenesis
Agamospermy
Vegetative propagation
Sporogenesis
Hermaphrodite/Monoecious
Gonochoristic / Dioecious
Level 3
Heterogamy
Monoecious
(plants)
Synchronous
Hermaphrodite
(animal)
Sequential
Hermaphrodite
(animal)
Migratory
Level 4
Serf fertilizing:
Y/N
Serf fertilizing:
Y/N
Protandry
Protogyny
Anadromous
Explanation
Reproduction without the fusion of gametes.
Splitting into two approximately equal parts.
Splitting into unequal parts. Buds may form on the body of the
"parent".
In animals, parthenogenesis is the development of an unfertilized
egg. In plants, agamospermy (apomixes) is the production of
fertile seeds without pollination.
Alternation between sexual and asexual reproductive phases.
Formation of new individuals in plants without the production of
spores or seeds by stolons (runners) or formation of bulbs. Forms
a plant colony.
Reproduction and dispersal through formation of spores. Spores
differ from seeds in having little food reserves. Most spores are
haploid and may be part of an alternation of haploid and diploid
life history stages. Red algae have both diploid and haploid
spores.
Reproduction through the fusion of gametes (fertilization).
Plants having separate male and female flowers on the same
individual plant.
Animals having both male and female sexual organs at the same
time (= simultaneous hermaphrodites).
Animals that change from one sex to the other.
Initially a male and changes to a female.
Initially a female and changes to a male.
Having separate sexes. In plants, male and female flowers are
produced on different individuals.
Fish that spend most of their lives in saltwater and migrate to
freshwater to breed.
68
-------
Level 1
Level 2
Fertilization / Spawning
Type
Level 3
Internal
fertilization
Fertilization
External Eggs
Freecast
spawners
Pollination
Level 4
Catadromous
Broadcast
spawner
Spermcast
spawner
Explanation
Fish that spend most of their lives in freshwater and migrate to
saltwater to breed.
Copulation with both eggs and sperm internal.
Female lays egg mass and male fertilizes externally.
In animals, males and/or females discharge gametes directly into
the water column.
Both males and females discharge gametes into the water
column.
Only male discharges gametes into the water column.
In plants, fertilization of female floral structures by pollen.
69
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Early Development Mechanisms
Table 10: Definitions for early development mechanisms.
Early Development Mechanism
Level 1
Viviparous
Oviparous
Ovoviviparous (brooder)
Level 2
External eggs
Egg mass carried by female
Definition
Development takes place within the
female and embryo derives
nourishment from the mother.
Eggs are laid by the female and
develop outside of either parent.
Eggs are laid directly in the
environment in an egg case, egg mass,
or spawned into the water column.
Eggs are carried as an external egg
mass by the female, such as by many
crabs (e.g., berried crab).
Eggs develop within the female, or
male in some cases, but the embryo
derives no nourishment from the
parent. A brooder.
Juvenile Development and Dispersal
Table 11: Definitions for juvenile development and dispersal.
Juvenile Development/Dispersal
Level 1
Direct
development
Larval phase
Level 2
Ametabolous
Hemimetabolous
Holometabolous
Benthic larvae
Level 3
Lecithotrophy
Planktotrophy
Level 4
Definition
Development without a larval phase.
Juvenile development with no major
change in body form.
Juvenile development with incomplete
metamorphosis. In insects, consisting of
an egg, nymph, and adult stage.
Juvenile development with complete
metamorphosis. In insects, consisting of
an embryo, larvum, pupa, and imago
(adult) stage.
Development with a morphologically
distinct, free-living dispersive stage.
Often occupies a different habitat than
the adult.
Larvae that remain on the bottom or
within the tubes of adults.
Benthic larvae that derive nourishment
from yolk.
Benthic larvae that derive nourishment
by feeding.
70
-------
Juvenile Development/Dispersal
Level 1
Fragments
Seeds
Spores
Level 2
Planktonic larvae
Level 3
Brooded
Free living
Duration of
larval phase
Lecithotrophy
Planktotrophy
Teleplanic
Duration of
larval phase
Level 4
Units
Units
Definition
The larval phase is brooded within the
adult or tube of the adult.
The larval phase is totally separated
from the adult.
Maximum duration of larval phase and
units (hours, days, months).
Larvae that spend at least part of the
larval phase in the water column.
Planktonic larvae that derive
nourishment from yolk.
Planktonic larvae that derive
nourishment by feeding.
Larvae with an extended planktonic
phase and a corresponding capacity for
long-distance dispersal.
Maximum duration of larval phase and
units (hours, days, months).
Animals or plants that can disperse
through transport of fragments.
Plants that can disperse through seeds.
Animals or plants that can disperse
through transport of spores.
71
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Habitat Types
Table 12: Definitions of habitat types.
Level 1
Pelagic
Benthic
Level 2
Pleuston
Neuston
Pelagic
submerged
Demersal
Surficial
(Epibenthic Non
swimming)
Level 3
Benthopelagic
Epibenthic - swimming
Level 4
Permanent
benthopelagic
Hyperbenthos
Definition
Organisms inhabiting the water column exclusive of the
layer immediately above the bottom.
Buoyant organisms with part of the body protruding above
the sea surface and often subject to wind drift. Includes both
animals, such as the Portuguese Man-of-War and Velella
and plants floating at the surface.
Pelagic organisms that float at the water surface but do not
protrude above the sea surface as do pleuston.
Free-living pelagic organisms that spend all or the vast
majority of their time fully submerged under the surface,
and are not closely associated with the layer immediately
above the bottom.
Organisms living in, on, or immediately above a
consolidated or unconsolidated substrate.
Mobile animals living on or near the bottom and that swim
as a normal part of their routine and not just in response to
disturbance.
Animals living all or part of their life in the water column
directly above but not on the bottom.
Animals that spends all or most of their adult life living in
the water column above the bottom.
Benthic animals that make periodic forays from the bottom
into the water column, such as some of the corophiid
amphipods.
Animals living in direct contact with the sediment that are
able to swim as part of its normal adult life cycle, such as
flatfish.
Organisms living on the surface of either consolidated or
unconsolidated substrate, including both sessile and vagile
species but not species that routinely swim.
72
-------
Level 1
Level 2
Under rock
Cryptofauna
Borer
Level 3
Epibenthic
unconsolidated
Epibenthic
consolidated
Rock
Clay
Level 4
Epifauna
unconsolidated
Epiphytes
unconsolidated
Epifauna
consolidated
Epiphytes
consolidated
Primary space
holder (Y/N)
Definition
Organisms living on mud (epipelic) or sand (epipsammic),
including mobile non-swimming fauna that primarily live
on the surface of the sediment, macrophytes growing in the
sediment, and microflora living on mud or sand particles.
Non-swimming mobile animals living on the surface of
unconsolidated substrates. Larger species sampled in trawls,
such as sea cucumbers and scallops, are referred to as
megabenthos.
Plants, including macrophytes, macroalgae, and microflora
living in or on the surface of unconsolidated substrates,
including diatoms attached to mud or sand particles.
Macrophytes (e.g., Zostera) are included so as to capture
the primary producers as well the soft-bottom fauna.
Sessile (e.g., barnacles, algae) and vagile (e.g., snails)
organisms living on the surface of rocks (epilithic) or other
inorganic hard substrates including man-made structures.
Sessile and vagile animals living on the surface of rocks and
other inorganic hard substrates.
Plants, including macrophytes, macroalgae and microflora,
living on the surface of rocks and other inorganic hard
substrates.
Facultative mobile or non-mobile organisms directly
colonizing the substrate surface and occupying space.
Species that live beneath rock or other hard substrates (e.g.,
shell rubble, debris).
Sessile and vagile organisms living in the interstices and
crevices formed by epibenthic organisms or their structures,
such as formed by mussel beds, living corals, and coral
rubble.
Organisms that bore into living or dead consolidated
substrate.
Organisms that bore into rocks or artificial hard substrate.
The endolithobiont of Taylor and Wilson (2002).
Organisms that bore into hard clays.
73
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Level 1
Epibiotic
Level 2
Nestler
Semi-infauna
Infauna
Level 3
Shell & Coral
Wood
Macrofauna
Meiofauna
Microfauna
Level 4
Shallow
Deep
Shallow
Deep
Shallow
Deep
Definition
Organisms that bore into living and dead shells, including
corals. The endozoobiont of Taylor and Wilson (2002).
Organisms that bore into living or dead wood. The
endoxylobiont of Taylor and Wilson (2002).
Bivalve or other animal living within an existing crevice in
a consolidated substrate, such as Hiatella. The "WN" class
ofTodd(2001).
Animals partially buried in mud or sand and partially
exposed in the water column, such as the bivalve Modiolus
(see Bush et al., 2007).
Animals living within unconsolidated sediment.
Animals living within unconsolidated sediment that are
large enough to displace sediment particles. Macrofauna
can be operationally defined as animals retained on 0.5 mm
mesh screen. Macrofauna generally have more direct
contact with overlying water than meiofauna.
<5 cm deep
>=5 cm deep
Animals living within the interstitial spaces in
unconsolidated sediments. There is not agreed upon size
range, but they can be operationally defined as organisms
less than 0.5 mm and greater than 50 microns.
<5 cm deep
>=5 cm deep
Multicellular and single-celled organisms living within
interstitial spaces in unconsolidated sediments, and smaller
than meiofauna. Can be operationally defined as organisms
less than 50 microns.
<5 cm deep
>=5 cm deep
Organisms living on surface of a living or dead organism.
Relationship may be mutualistic, parasitic, or commensal.
Classified as pelagic or benthic depending upon species it
colonizes.
74
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Level 1
Other
Level 2
Epiphytic
Epizoic
Secondary
space holder
(Y/N)
Level 3
Level 4
Definition
Living on surface of living or dead plant.
Living on surface of a living or dead animal.
Facultative mobile or non-mobile epibiotic organisms
colonizing the surface of a primary space holder.
Species living in habitats not captured in those listed above.
75
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Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
76
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77
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Claviceps purpurea var. spartinae
Species ID: 101845
Taxon: Fungi
Kingdom: Fungi
Subphylum: Pezizomycotina
Subclass: Hypocreomycetidae
Order: Hypocreales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Duncan & White, 2002
Subkingdom:
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Clavicipitaceae
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetes
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:32:44 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1888
San Diego, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Claviceps purpurea var. spartinae is a fungus that infects Spartina species. It was apparently present in San
Diego since 1888, before the introduction of the East Coast Spartina to the NEP. Its native range is unknown but is
possibly the North Atlantic.
78
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C/aweeps purpurea var. spartinae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X 3
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
X
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
79
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Cytospora rhizophorae
Species ID: 220559
Taxon: Fungi
Kingdom: Fungi
Subphylum: Pezizomycotina
Subclass: Sordariomycetidae
Order: Diaporthales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Kohlmeyer & E. Kohlmeyer, 1971
Subkingdom:
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Valsacese
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetes
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:32:44 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1902
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Cytospora rhizophorae is a fungus on marine mangroves, presumably introduced into Hawaii with the
importation of the mangrove Rhizophora from Florida in 1902.
80
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Cytospora rhizophorae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
X
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X 3
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
X
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
81
-------
Etheirophora blepharospora
Species ID: 220560
Taxon: Fungi
Kingdom: Fungi Subkingdom:
Subphylum: Pezizomycotina Superclass:
Subclass: Hypocreomycetidae Infraclass:
Order: Hypocreomycetidae incertae sed Suborder:
Superfamily: Family: Lophiostomataceae
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Kohlm. & E. Kohlm.) Kohlm. & Volkm.-Kohlm., 1989
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetes
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Keissleriella blepharospora
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:32:44 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1902
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Etheirophora blepharospora is a fungi on mangroves, including several species of Rhizophora and Ceriops.
Carlton and Eldredge (2009) list it as a Western Atlantic fungi, however, it also occurs throughout the Indo-Pacific and
Indian Ocean (Shearer and Raja, 2010). We list it as unclassified except for Hawaii.
82
-------
Etheirophora blepharospora
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
P
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X 3
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
X
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
83
-------
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Cercozoa
84
-------
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85
-------
Bonamia ostreae
Species ID: 120192
Taxon: Cercozoan
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Endomyxa
Subclass:
Order: Haplosporida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Pichot, Comps, Tige, Grizel & Rabouin, 1980
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haplosporiidae
Phylum: Cercozoa
Class: Ascetosporea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:59:14 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
late 1970s
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The origin of the oyster parasite, Bonamia ostreae, appears to be a hatchery in central California. Shipments
of Ostera edulis spread the parasite to Puget Sound, the eastern United States, and France. We classify Puget Sound as
invaded, though it is possible that this parasite was naturally present in low abundances throughout the NEP.
86
-------
Bonamia ostreae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R HP
C
Biogenic P
O M
P
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
87
-------
Haplosporidium nelsoni
Species ID: 3373
Taxon: Cercozoan
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Endomyxa
Subclass:
Order: Haplosporida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Haskin, Stauber & Mackin, 1966
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haplosporiidae
Phylum: Cercozoa
Class: Ascetosporea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Haplosporidian nelsoni
Convention
MSX
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:59:14 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1990
Drakes Estero, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) is a virulent parasite of oysters including Crassostrea virginica C. gigas.
Based on the similarity of H. nelsoni and the Haplosporidium sp. in Asia, NEMESIS suggests that C. gigas from Asia
was the likely vector. H. nelsoni has been reported from California estuaries but to date has been asymptomatic.
88
-------
Haplosporidium nelsoni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Pref: 15 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
89
-------
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Ciliophora
90
-------
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91
-------
Ancistrocoma pelseneeri
Species ID: 3341
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass: Rhynchodia
Order: Rhynchodida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Chatton & Lwoff, 1926
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ancistrocomidae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Phyllopharyngea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1936
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Ancistrocoma pelseneeri is an Atlantic species that parasitizes the pericardiums and excurrent siphons of
Mya arenaria, Macoma balthica, and other clams. In the Pacific, it has been reported from central California (San
Francisco) and the Yellow Sea.
92
-------
Ancistrocoma pelseneeri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 8 - 25psu] [Pref: - 25psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
93
-------
Ancistrum cyclidioides
Species ID: 3342
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass:
Order: Thigmotrichida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Issel, 1918)
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ancistridae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Oligohymenophorea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Gulf of Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1946
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Ancistrum cyclidioides is a European ciliate that parasitizes the non-native clam Mya arenaria in the San
Francisco Estuary and Tomales Bay, California. It is also found in several native clams, including Cryptomya
californica, Macoma inconspicua, M. nasuta, M. irus, and M. secta. In Europe, it is found in Tellina exigua.
94
-------
Ancistrum cyclidioides
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
95
-------
Boveria teredinidi
Species ID: 3467
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass: Scuticociliatia
Order: Thigmotrichida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Nelson, 1923
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Hemispeiridae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Oligohymenophorea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Boveria xenkewitchi
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1927
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
X
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Cohen and Carlton (1995), Boveria teredinidi is an Atlantic parasite found on the gills of the
shipworm, Teredo navalis. Therefore, we consider occurrences in the Pacific or Indo-Pacific as introduced.
96
-------
Boveria teredinidi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 27psu] [Pref: - 27psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
97
-------
Conidophrys pilisuctor
Species ID: 3344
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass: Apostomatia
Order: Pilisuctorida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Chatton & Lwoft, 1934
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Conidophryidae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Oligohymenophorea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mycodinium pilisuctor
Synonym
Type Locality: Etang de Thau, France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1948
Newport Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Conidophyrs pilisuctor is a Northeast Atlantic ectocommensal found on many Malacostraca, including
species of Gammarus, Limnoria, Corophium, Monocorophium, and Idothea, as well as the freshwater Hyalella azteca.
In the NEP, it is found on the non-native M. acherusicum and L. lignorum, and thus is considered nonindigenous.
98
-------
Conidophrys pilisuctor
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs:0-psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
99
-------
Cothurnia limnoriae
Species ID: 3345
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass: Peritricha
Order: Sessilida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Dons, 1927
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Vaginicolidae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Oligohymenophorea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Europe
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1927 (1870?)
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Cothurnia limnoriae is an ectoparasite on the legs of the wood-boring isopod, Limnoria. The native range of
C. limnoriae is unknown, but it is considered introduced in regions where it is found on non-native Limnoria.
100
-------
Cothurnia limnoriae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
101
-------
Eufolliculina lignicola
Species ID: 170110
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Postciliodesmatophora
Subclass: Spirotricha
Order: Heterotrichida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Faure-Fremiet, 1936)
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Folliculinidae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Heterotrichea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Folliculinopsis lignicola
Synonym
Type Locality: Breton Coast of France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1965
Loc 1st record: Tatokushima Is., Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
1961
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Eufolliculina lignicola is associated with the burrows of the wood-boring isopod, Limnoria. Its native range
is not known, but it is considered introduced in Hawaii because it inhabits the burrows of non-native Limnoria. It is
listed as unclassified in Japan and Europe because it is not known whether the species of infested Limnoria in these
areas are native or introduced. 102
-------
Eufolliculina lignicola
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
X
103
-------
Lagenophrys cochinensis
Species ID: 101846
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass: Peritricha
Order: Sessilida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Santhakumari & Gopalan, 1980
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Lagenophryidae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Oligohymenophorea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Cochin, India
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1931
Humboldt Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Lagenophrys cochinensis is a peritrich ciliate that is an ectocommensal on tanaids and isopods, including
the burrowing Sphaeroma quoianum. L. cochinensis is considered a NIS in the NEP, and may be native to New Zealand
(Foissner, 2006).
104
-------
Lagenophrys cochinensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
105
-------
Lobochona prorates
Species ID: 3346
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass: Chonotrichia
Order: Exogemmida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mohr, Le Veque, & Matsudo, 1963
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Lobochonidae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Phyllopharyngea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Spirochona crystallina
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1870?
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Lobochona prorates is a gill parasite of the wood-boring isopod, Limnoria. Its native region is unknown,
but is assumed to be introduced in areas where it is found on non-native Limnoria.
106
-------
Lobochona prorates
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
107
-------
Mirofolliculina limnoriae
Species ID: 3347
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Postciliodesmatophora
Subclass: Spirotricha
Order: Heterotrichida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Giard, 1883) Dons, 1928
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Folliculinidae
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Heterotrichea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1961
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1927
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Mirofolliculina limnoriae is an ectoparasite on the wood-boring isopod Limnoria. Its native range is
unknown, but is assumed to be introduced in regions where it is found on non-native Limnoria.
108
-------
Mirofolliculina limnoriae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
109
-------
Sphenophyra dosiniae
Species ID: 3348
Taxon: Ciliate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Intramacronucleata
Subclass: Scuticociliatia
Order: Thigmotrichida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Chatton & Lwoff, 1926
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family:
Phylum: Ciliophora
Class: Oligohymenophorea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Sphenophyra myae
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:00:53 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1946
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Sphenophyra dosiniae is a ciliate that infects clams, including Dosinia exoleta, Timoclea ovata, Corbula
gibba, Spisula solidissima, Mya truncata and M. arenaria in its native Europe. In the San Francisco Estuary, it infects
the introduced M. arenaria and the native Cryptomya californica.
110
-------
Sphenophyra dosiniae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
111
-------
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Foraminifera
112
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
113
-------
Haynesina germanica
Species ID: 4250
Taxon: Forams
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Rotaliida
Superfamily: Nonionoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Ehrenberg, 1840)
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nonionidae
Phylum: Foraminifera
Class: Polythalamea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Elphidium incertum obscuram
Nonion germanicum
Protoelphidium germanica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:04:55 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1978
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
114
-------
Haynesina germanica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
P
Fines: -80%] X
Cobble Mixed Sec
.byssal Hadal
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 35psu] [Pref: 12 - 22psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
X
pp
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
X LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
115
-------
Trochammina hadai
Species ID: 2517
Taxon: Forams
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Trochamminida
Superfamily: Trochamminoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Uchio, 1962
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Trochamminidae
Phylum: Foraminifera
Class: Polythalamea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:04:55 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1971
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
116
-------
Trochammina hadai
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 17m] [Pref: 0.05 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - 33psu] [Pref: 28 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
117
-------
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Bacillariophyceae
118
-------
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119
-------
Attheya armata
Species ID: 3337
Taxon: Diatom
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Khakista
Subclass: Coscinodiscophycidae
Order: Chaetocerotanae incertae sedis
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (T. West) R. M. Crawford, 1994
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Attheyaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Bacillariophyceae
Superorder: Chaetocerotanae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Attheya armatus
Chaetoceros armatum
Chaetoceros armatus
Gonioceros armatum
Convention
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
surf diatom
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:03:25 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
about 1950
Oregon, USA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Attheya armata's origins are in the southern Atlantic and Pacific. High concentrations of the surf diatom,
Attheya armata, can discolor the surf in Washington and Oregon.
120
-------
Attheya armata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 36psu] [Pref: - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
121
-------
Pseudo-nitzschia americana
Species ID: 220058
Taxon: Diatom
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Khakista
Subclass: Bacillariophycidae
Order: Bacillariales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hasle) Fryxell, 1993
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Bacillariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Bacillariophyceae
Superorder: Bacillariophycanae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nitzschia americana
Synonym
Type Locality: Atlantida, Uruguay
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:03:25 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1994
Loc 1st record: Seas of Japan and Okhotsk
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pseudo-nitzschia americana is an epiphyte on diatoms, and has been found in temperate and tropical waters
all over the world. Zvyagintsev et al. (2011) classify it as NIS in the Seas of Japan and Okhotsk based on its recent
(1994) appearance. We tentatively classify as NIS in the NWP, though additional studies are required.
122
-------
Pseudo-nitzschia americana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 11 - 33psu] [Pref: 26 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
123
-------
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
124
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
125
-------
Ascophyllum nodosum
Species ID: 4242
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Fucales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus) Le Jolis, 1863
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Fucaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascophyllum nodosum var. scorpioides
Fucodium nodosum
Halicoccus nodosus
Ozothallia nodosa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
knotted wrack
Type Locality: Atlantic Ocean
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
before 1979
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Ascophyllum nodosum is used to pack bait worms and lobster from the Atlantic coast. It has been found
periodically in San Francisco. It was thought to be eradicated in 2002; however, mats were found in 2008. It appears
that this species is regularly introduced "but manages to thrive locally only occasionally" (Miller, 2008).
126
-------
Ascophyllum nodosum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 40psu] [Pref: 15 - 30psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
127
-------
Cutleria multifida
Species ID: 3012002
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Cutleriales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Turner) Greville, 1830
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Cutleriaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dictyota penicillata
Padinella parvula
Ulva multifida
Zonaria multifida C.Agardh, 1820
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Hira-muchimo
Type Locality: Yarmouth, Norfolk, England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1957
Loc 1st record: Sasebo Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hewitt et al. (2004) classify Cutleria multifida as cryptogenic in Port Phillip, Australia. However, we
classify it as NIS in Australia based on Inglis et al. (2006e) and Nelson (1999) and its global distribution.
128
-------
Cutleria multifida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 42psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
X
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
129
-------
Desmarestia ligulata
Species ID: 11049
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Desmarestiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Stackhouse) J.V.Lamouroux, 1813
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Desmarestiaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Desmarestia adriatica
Desmarestia jordanii
Desmarestia ligulata var. angustior
Desmarestia ligulata var. dilatata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
acid kelp
color changer
flattened acid kelp
Urushi-gusa
Type Locality: Scotland
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 2000
Loc 1st record: Dalian, China
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Native
Native
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Desmarestia ligulata was introduced into Dalian, China from Japan (Chen et al, 2006a). Though its
classification in Japan is not clear, we tentatively classify it as native on the Pacific Coast of Japan. D. ligulata is a cold
temperate species with a bipolar distribution that also occurs in deeper waters in warm areas, such as Hawaii.
130
-------
Desmarestia ligulata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 56m] [Pref: 0 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 27psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
131
-------
Dictyota flabellata
Species ID: 220038
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Dictyotales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (F.S.Collins) Setchell & N.L.Gardner, 1924
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Dictyotaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dictyota hesperia
Dictyota j ohnstonii
Dilophus flabellatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: La Jolla, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1990
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1999
Barbers Point, Oahu, HI
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Yes
VECTORS
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Assuming the identifications are correct, Dictyota flabellata is considered introduced in Japan, Pakistan,
and Chile (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009); however, we are unaware of the specific locations invaded in Japan and
Pakistan.
132
-------
Dictyota flabellata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 26m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
133
-------
Elachista nigra
Species ID: 101868
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Ectocarpales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Takamatsu, 1938
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Chordariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Elachista orbicularis
Gonodia orbicularis
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient Unclassified
Hawaii
NEP
1984
Channel Islands, CA
Yes
Unidentified
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Elachista nigra is an epiphyte on the kelp Eisenia arborea. In the NEP, it has only been found in the
Channel Islands, California.
134
-------
Elachista nigra
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
135
-------
Fucus cottonii
Species ID: 3384
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Fucales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wynne & Magne, 1991
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Fucaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fucus cottoni
Fucus muscoides
Fucus vesiculosus var. muscoides
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
moss wrack
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981
Vancouver Island, Canada
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Genetics on Fucus cottonii in Oregon indicate that it is a different species than the one described from
Ireland (Serrao et al., 2006), possibly the native F. distichus subsp. evanescens or Fucus gardneri. We list F. cottonii
with a conflicting classification for the NEP, recognizing that it may be native.
136
-------
Fucus cottonii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
137
-------
Macrocystis pyrifera
Species ID: 4908
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Laminariales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus) C.Agardh, 1820
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Laminariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fucus giganteus
Fucus pyrifer
Laminaria pyrifera
Macrocystis communis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
bladder kelp
giant bladder kelp
giant kelp
Type Locality: South Atlantic Ocean
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1978
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1972
Makapuu, Oahu, Hawaii
No
VECTORS
NEP
Unknown
Prince William Sound, Alaska
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Recently all four species of Macrocystis were "collapsed1 into a single species, M. pyrifera (Demes et al,
2009). M. integrifolia [M. pyrifera] has been transported from its native range in southeast Alaska to Prince William
Sound for use in the herring fishery. However, it is apparently not established in the Gulf of Alaska.
138
-------
Macrocystis pyrifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 55m] [Pref: 5 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 22 - 34psu] [Pref: 27 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
139
-------
Microspongium globosum
Species ID: 3385
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Ectocarpales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Reinke, 1888
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Chordariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascocyclus globosus
Ectocarpus pulvinatus
Myrionema globosum
Phycocelis alariae
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Germany
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1998
Prince William Sound, Alaska
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Microspongium globosum is a very small species (1-2 mm tall) that is epiphytic on the brown alga,
Delamaraea attenuata. It is possible that this species was overlooked rather than being a true introduction in the NEP
(Gayle Hansen, pers. comm. 9/21/2010).
140
-------
Microspongium globosum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 18m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
141
-------
Nemacystus decipiens
Species ID: 220037
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Ectocarpales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Suringar, 1872) Kuckuck, 1929
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Chordariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cladosiphon decipiens
Mesogloia decipiens
Synonym
Synonym
mozuka
mozuku
Type Locality: Japan (syntype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1963
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Abbott and Huisman (2004) consider Nemacystus decipiens indigenous to Hawaii, while Carlton and
Eldredge (2009) list it as introduced from Western and South Pacific.
142
-------
Nemacystus decipiens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
143
-------
Pylaiella littoralis
Species ID: 2142
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Ectocarpales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus) Kjellman, 1872
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pilayellaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ceramium littorale
Conferva littoralis
Ectocarpus littoralis
Lyngbya littoralis (Linnaeus) Dillwyn ex Gaillon
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
piraera
Type Locality: Europe
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1990s Native
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii Native
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on its distribution, we tentatively classify Pylaiella littoralis as native in northern boreal and Arctic
regions and the NEP, introduced in Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009), cryptogenic in the southern hemisphere, and
unclassified elsewhere. P. littoralis is often found as an epiphyte on brown algae, such as Fucus.
144
-------
Pylaiella littoralis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
P
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5.7 - 34psu] [Pref: 11.3 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
145
-------
Ralfsia bornetii
Species ID: 2011617
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Ralfsiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Kuckuck, 1894
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ralfsiaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ralfsia bornetti
Misspelling
Type Locality: Helgoland, Germany
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1987
Loc 1st record: Vladivostok, Russia
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The distribution of Ralfsia bornetii is confounded by several authors believing it is a life-history stage of
Stragularia clavata. Following Zvyagintsev et al. (2011), we treat it as a separate species and as introduced into the Sea
of Japan. Based on its distribution, we assume it is native to the North Atlantic.
146
-------
Ralfsia bornetii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
147
-------
Saccharina japonica
Species ID: 100767
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Laminariales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Areschoug) Lane, Mayes, Druehl & Saunders 2006
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Laminariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Laminaria fragilis
Laminaria j aponica
Laminaria ochotensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Japanese kelp (Saccharina japonica)
ma-konbu
sea tangle
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native II Nonindigenous K
Date 1st record: late 1920s
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The kelp Saccharina japonica is cultivated in Japan, China, and Korea. China is the largest producer,
introduced from Japan in 1927.
148
-------
Saccharins japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.8 - 4.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
149
-------
Saccharina longissima
Species ID: 101258
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Laminariales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Miyabe) Lane, Mayes, Druehl & Saunders, 2006
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Laminariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Laminaria angustata var. longissima
Laminaria longissima
Synonym
Synonym
Gimberi
Naga-konbu
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The kelp Saccharina longissima [= Laminaria longissima] was introduced from Japan into China for
aquaculture (Wang, 2008). It is reported to be widely cultured in China but we are not aware of specific locations,
however we list the Yellow Sea as one likely ecoregion.
150
-------
Saccharins longissima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 4m] [Pref: - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
151
-------
Sargassum horneri
Species ID: 100910
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Fucales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Turner) C.Agardh, 1820
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Sargassaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fucus horneri
Sargassum (Bactrophycus) horneri
Sargassum fengeri
Sargassum filicinum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Korea Strait
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2003
Long Beach Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sargassum horneri attaches to hard substrates or is epiphytic on other algae, such as Sargassum muticum. It
is native to Asia and was first found in Long Beach Harbor, California in 2003.
152
-------
Sargassum horneri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 19m] [Pref: 5 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 38psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
153
-------
Sargassum muticum
Species ID: 2148
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Fucales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Yendo) Fensholt, 1955
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Sargassaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Sargassum (Bactrophycus) muticum
Sargassum kjellmanianum f. muticum
Convention
Synonym
strangle weed
wireweed
wire-weed
Type Locality: Hokkaido, Japan (lectotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1999
Barge in Pearl Harbor, HI
No
VECTORS
NEP
1944
British Columbia, Canada
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
154
-------
Sargassum muticum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 24m] [Pref: 0 - 8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 6 - 34psu] [Pref: 16 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
155
-------
Striaria attenuata
Species ID: 120237
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Ectocarpales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Agardh) Greville, 1828
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Chordariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dictyota lineolata
Zonaria lineolata
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Isle of Bute, Scotland
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1932
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<2008
Willapa Bay, Washington
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
156
-------
Striaria attenuata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
157
-------
Undaria pinnatifida
Species ID: 2500
Taxon: Brown alga
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Phaeista
Subclass:
Order: Laminariales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Harvey) Suringar, 1873
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass: Fucistia
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Alariaceae
Phylum: Ochrophyta
Class: Phaeophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Alaria amplexicaulis
Alaria pinnatifida
Ulopteryx pinnatifida
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Asian kelp
Japanese kelp (Undaria pinnatifida)
miyeuk
wakame
Type Locality: Simoda, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:06:07 PM
Native II Nonindigenous [w
Date 1st record: 1984
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Chen et al. 2006a, Undaria pinnatifida was introduced to Liaoning, Shandong, and Zhejiang
Provinces in China for mariculture.
158
-------
Undaria pinnatifida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 25m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 40psu] [Pref: 23 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
159
-------
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Myzozoa
Subphylum: Apicomplexa
160
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
161
-------
Cephaloidophora communis
Species ID: 170111
Taxon: Apicomplexa
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Apicomplexa
Subclass: Gregarinasina
Order: Eugregarinorida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mavrodiadi, 1908
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Septatorina
Family: Cephaloidophoridae
Phylum: Myzozoa
Class: Conoidasida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cephaloidophora chthamali
Pyxinioides chthamali of Tuzet and Ormieres, 1956
Synonym
Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:57:55 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1949
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cephaloidophora communis is an endoparasitic gregarine protozoan found in barnacles including
Amphibalanus amphitrite, A. eburneus, Balanus crenatus, Megabalanus tintinnabulum, and, in Brazil, Euraphia
rhyzophorae. Its native range is unknown, however it is assumed to be introduced when found in non-native barnacles.
162
-------
Cephaloidophora communis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
163
-------
Kingdom: Chromista
Phylum: Myzozoa
Subphylum: Dinozoa
164
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
165
-------
Alexandrium margalefi
Species ID: 2011625
Taxon: Dinoflagellate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Dinozoa
Subclass: Dinophycidae
Order: Gonyaulacales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Balech, 1994
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Goniodomataceae
Phylum: Myzozoa
Class: Dinophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:56:26 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1999
Loc 1st record: Minonosok Bay, Russia
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
2000
Bahia Concepcion, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We tentatively classify Alexandrium margalefi as NIS in the NWP based on Zvyagintsev's et al. (2011)
classification as introduced in Peter the Great Bay in the Sea of Japan. We classify it as cryptogenic in the NEP based
on its recent observation in North America in the Gulf of California (Band-Schmidt et al., 2003).
166
-------
Alexandrium margalefi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
P
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35.3psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
167
-------
Alexandrium tamutum
Species ID: 2011624
Taxon: Dinoflagellate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Dinozoa
Subclass: Dinophycidae
Order: Gonyaulacales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Montresor, Beran, & John, 2004
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Goniodomataceae
Phylum: Myzozoa
Class: Dinophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Gulf of Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:56:26 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 2002
Loc 1st record: Sea of Okhotsk
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Alexandrium tamutum was described from the Mediterranean and Zvyagintsev et al. (2011) classify it as
NIS in the Sea of Okhotsk. We tentatively classify it as NIS in the NWP but note that it occurs in oceanic waters in the
Pacific (Selina and Morozova, 2005), which is not characteristic of a coastal invader.
168
-------
Alexandrium tamutum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
P
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
P
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 31.8 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
169
-------
Dinophysis caudata
Species ID: 100731
Taxon: Dinoflagellate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Dinozoa
Subclass:
Order: Dinophysiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Saville-Kent, 1881
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Dinophysiaceae
Phylum: Myzozoa
Class: Dinophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dinophysis diegens
Dinophysis diegensis
Dinophysis homunculus
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:56:26 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1967
Loc 1st record: Seto Inland Sea, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
Unknown
Gulf of California, Mexico
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We tentatively classify Dinophysis caudata as introduced in the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South
China Sea (Chavanich et al., 2010; Seo and Lee, 2008). However, it was reported at least as early as 1967 in Japan and
1900 in the Arabian Sea. Thus, we list it as cryptogenic in Japan and unclassified in other areas.
170
-------
Dinophysis caudata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
P
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
171
-------
Heterocapsa circularisquama
Species ID: 101861
Taxon: Dinoflagellate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Dinozoa
Subclass:
Order: Peridiniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Horiguchi, 1995
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Peridiniales incertae sedis
Phylum: Myzozoa
Class: Dinophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Fukuoka Bay and Ago Bay, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:56:26 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1988
Loc 1st record: Western Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The red tide dinoflagellate, Heterocapsa circularisquama is considered introduced into Japan based on its
recent discovery. Possible vectors include transplanting of oysters or clams from southeast Asia or ballast water.
However, genetic work revealed six additional Heterocapsa species in Japan, indicating the need for further studies.
172
-------
Heterocapsa circularisquama
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
173
-------
Peridiniopsis penardiforme
Species ID: 110022
Taxon: Dinoflagellate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Dinozoa
Subclass:
Order: Peridiniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lindemann) Bourrelly, 1968
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Peridiniaceae
Phylum: Myzozoa
Class: Dinophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Glenodinium penardiforme
Peridiniopsis pernardiforme
Peridinium penardiforme
Peridinium perardiforme
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Misspelling
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:56:26 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1994
Loc 1st record: JinHae Bay, Korea
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Algaebase classifies Peridiniopsis penardiforme as a freshwater species, but WoRMS classifies it as a
marine species, and it has been found in coastal waters off Korea, and in ballast water tanks with salinities >33 ppt. Its
native range is unknown.
174
-------
Peridiniopsis penardiforme
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
O
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
175
-------
Perkinsus marinus
Species ID: 100778
Taxon: Dinoflagellate
Kingdom: Chromista
Subphylum: Dinozoa
Subclass:
Order: Perkinsorida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Mackin, Owen & Collier, 1950) Levine, 1978
Subkingdom: Harosa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Perkinsidae
Phylum: Myzozoa
Class: Perkinsea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dermocystidium marinum
Labyrinthomyxa marina
Labyrinthula marina
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Dermo
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:56:26 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1972
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Perkinsus marinus ("Dermo") is an endoparasite of the Atlantic oyster, Crassostrea virginica. It is native to
the Gulf of Mexico and the southern Northwest Atlantic. Expansion in the 1990s into Delaware Bay and up to Maine,
USA is thought to be due to a combination of repeated introductions and an increase in water temperature.
176
-------
Perkinsus marinus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1.4m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 32psu] [Pref: 22 - 27psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
177
-------
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Phylum: Rhodophyta
178
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
179
-------
Acanthophora spicifera
Species ID: 123364
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (M.Vahl) B0rgesen, 1910
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Rhodomelaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acanthophora antillarum
Acanthophora intermedia
Acanthophora orientalis
Acanthophora orientalis var. wightii
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
spiny seaweed
Type Locality: St. Croix, Virgin Islands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1952
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Acanthophora spicifera was described from the Caribbean, and is considered native to the Caribbean by
many sources. However, Carlton and Eldredge (2009) list it as native to the Indo-Pacific. Based on the assumption that
it is native to the Central Indo-Pacific, the Atlantic populations are classified as NIS, as are the Line Islands (Knapp et
al., 2011). 180
-------
Acanthophora spicifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 22m] [Pref: 1 - 8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 32 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
181
-------
Aglaothamnion tenuissimum
Species ID: 3248
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bonnemaison) Feldmann-Mazoyer, 1941
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Callithamniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aglaothamnion furcellariae
Callithamnion arachnoideum C.Agardh, 1828
Callithamnion byssoides
Callithamnion tenuissimum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Saint-Pol-de-Leon and Brest, Finistere, France (syntypes)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1978-1983
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments:
182
-------
Aglaothamnion tenuissimum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 38psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
183
-------
Asparagopsis armata
Species ID: 180089
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Bonnemaisoniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Harvey, 1855
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Bonnemaisoniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Falkenbergia olens
Falkenbergia rufolanosa
Falkenbergia vagabunda
Polysiphonia rufolanosa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Harpoon weed
Type Locality: Garden Island; Western Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1972
San Diego Bay, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
184
-------
Asparagopsis armata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
185
-------
Asparagopsis taxiformis
Species ID: 220034
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Bonnemaisoniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Delile) Trevisan de Saint-Leon, 1845
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Bonnemaisoniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Asparagopsis delilei
Asparagopsis sandfordiana
Asparagopsis taxiformis Lineaj
Dasya delilei
Synonym
Synonym
l& 4, Carlton & Eldredge, 200 Convention
Synonym
Type Locality: Alexandria, Egypt
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1991
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Asparagopsis taxiformis consists of several "lineages" with three of them occurring in Hawaii (Sherwood,
2008). While recognizing this complexity, we follow Carlton and Eldredge (2009) and Olenis and Didziulis (2009) and
classify it as NIS in Hawaii and Europe, respectively, and unclassified elsewhere.
186
-------
Asparagopsis taxiformis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - 17m] [Pref: - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
187
-------
Bonnemaisonia hamifera
Species ID: 120060
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Bonnemaisoniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hariot, 1891
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Bonnemaisoniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Asparagopsis hamifera
Bonnemaisonia intricata
Boryna intricata
Ceramium intricatum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Bonnemaison's hook weed
Japanese red algae
pink cotton wool
Type Locality: Yokosuka, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1974
Gulf of California, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Bonnemaisonia hamifera life history involves an alternation of generations between gametophyte and
tetrasporophyte stages. It occurs on hard substrates as well as being epiphytic on other algae, such as Corallina and
Cystoseira.
188
-------
Bonnemaisonia hamifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 24.6m] [Pref: 0 - 9m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
P
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
189
-------
Callithamnion corymbosum
Species ID: 101865
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Smith) Lyngbye, 1819
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Callithamniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Callithamnion versicolor
Ceramium pedicellatum
Ceramium versicolor
Conferva corymbosa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Sussex, England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: <1990
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<2008
Willapa Bay, Washington
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Callithamnion corymbosum was classified as NIS in Willapa Bay, WA by Hansen (2008). It has been
reported from Japan, Korea, and China, and assuming a native range of the North Atlantic and Caribbean, we classify it
as NIS in the NWP.
190
-------
Callithamnion corymbosum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
191
-------
Caulacanthus ustulatus
Species ID: 4965
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Mertens ex Turner) Kiitzing, 1843
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Caulacanthaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gelidium ustulatum
Gigartina ustulata
Laurencia divaricata
Laurencia divaricata Suhr, 1840
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Cadiz, Spain
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
laassSon [
Hawaii
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1961
Baja California, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We follow Williams and Smith (2007) and Streftaris et al. (2005) and classify Caulacanthus ustulatus as
introduced in the NEP and NWA, respectively. Because there is uncertainty of the existence of Atlantic and Pacific
forms (Zuccarello et al., 2002), we consider it unclassified in other areas.
192
-------
Caulacanthus ustulatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
193
-------
Ceramium cimbricum
Species ID: 11022
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Petersen in Rosenvinge 1924
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ceramiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ceramioideae
Common Names:
Ceramium elegans var. fastigiatum
Ceramium fastigiatum
Ceramium fastigiramosum
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Limfjord, Denmark (lectotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1965
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
1949
Winchester Bay, Oregon
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hansen and Hanyuda (in Chapman and Therriault, 2010) reported Ceramium cimbricum as introduced in
Oregon. However, the recent discovery of wide-spread subtidal coastal populations off Oregon suggests a cryptogenic
classification (Hansen, pers. comm. 12/6/11). We consider ths a conflict.
194
-------
Ceramium cimbricum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 26m] [Pref: 3 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
195
-------
Ceramium giacconei
Species ID: 101869
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cormaci & Furnari, 1991
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ceramiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ceramioideae
Common Names:
Type Locality: Mediterranean Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
<2003
Punta Perico, Mexico
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Ceramium giacconei is a Mediterranean algae that has been found in the Gulf of California epiphytic on
Halymenia sp. and Scinaia sp. and in a rhodolith bed (Cho et al., 2003).
196
-------
Ceramium giacconei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
197
-------
Ceramium kondoi
Species ID: 11024
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yendo, 1920
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ceramiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ceramioideae
Common Names:
Type Locality: Harms, Hokkaido, Japan.
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1995
Bamfield, Canada
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: A genetic analysis by Yang et al. (2008) showed that Ceramium kondoi was introduced from Asia to the
NEP, perhaps with Japanese oysters. This study indicated the presence of a "southern lineage" from Korea, southern
Japan, far-eastern Russia and the USA, and a "northern lineage" from northern Japan and far-eastern Russia.
198
-------
Ceramium kondoi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
Meso
Bathyal
Epi-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
199
-------
Ceramium sinicola
Species ID: 3387
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Setchell & Gardner, 1924
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ceramiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ceramioideae
Common Names:
Type Locality: Todos Santos Bay, Gulf of California, Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The previously repported Ceramium sinicola in Alaska (Hines et al., 2000b) is misidentified according to
Tae Oh Cho (Gayle Hansen, pers. comm. 9/21/2010). Because of this taxonomic uncertainty, we list this species with a
conflicting classification in Alaska. In Alaska, this species was found as an epiphyte of Codium fragile.
200
-------
Ceramium sinicola
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
201
-------
Chroodactylon ornatum
Species ID: 3388
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Rhodophytina
Subclass:
Order: Stylonematales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (C.Agardh) Basson, 1979
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Stylonemataceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Stylonematophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Asterocytis ornata
Asterocytis ramosa
Chroodactylon ornata
Chroodactylon ramosum
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Type Locality: Lake Malaren, near Stockholm, Sweden
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1998
Prince William Sound, Alaska
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chroodactylon ornatum [C. ramosum] was considered introduced to Prince Williams Sound, Alaska based
on its disjunct distribution (Hines et al., 2000b). However, it is a very small species and may have been overlooked
previously (G. Hansen, pers. comm. 9/21/2010). We tentatively leave it as NIS in Alaska and unclassified in other areas.
202
-------
Chroodactylon ornatum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
203
-------
Corynomorpha prismatica
Species ID: 101835
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Halymeniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (J.Agardh) J.Agardh, 1876
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Halymeniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acrotylus prismaticus
Dumontia prismatica
Gymnophlaea prismatica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: India
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Gulf of California, Mexico
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Siguan (2002) and Williams and Smith (2007) list Corynomorpha prismatica as a NIS in the Gulf of
California. However, they do not provide a citation for its occurrence or the date of its first record. We list this species
as introduced in the eastern Atlantic though that this needs to be checked due to taxonomic uncertainties.
204
-------
Corynomorpha prismatica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 35.5 - 37.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
205
-------
Dasya sessilis
Species ID: 220369
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yamada, 1928
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Dasyaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Asamushi, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2006
Long Beach Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hughey et al. (2009) reported Dasya sessilis from southern California in 2006. Hansen (2008) reported D.
sessilis from Willapa Bay, Washington. However, additional research suggests that this may be a different species (G.
Hansen pers. comm. to Henry Lee; 12/06/11), and so is not reported here.
206
-------
Dasya sessilis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 8m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
207
-------
Eucheuma denticulatum
Species ID: 123365
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (N.L.Burman) F.S.Collins &Hervey, 1917
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Areschougiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eucheuma muricatum
Eucheuma spinosum
Fucus denticulatus N.L.Burman, 1768
Fucus muricatus S.G.Gmelin, 1768
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
East Indian carrageen
macassar
Type Locality: Indian Ocean
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1970
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Eucheuma denticulatum appears to be native to India and the western Pacific, however, its widespread
introduction for aquaculture confuses the distribution. We classify ecoregions as invaded if there is a record of a
purposeful introduction or it lies outside E. denticulatum apparent natural range.
208
-------
Eucheuma denticulatum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - 36psu] [Pref: 12 - 24psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
209
-------
Gelidium vagum
Species ID: 3389
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gelidiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Okamura, 1934
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Gelidiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gelidium chungii
Gelidium grabbae
Synonym
Synonym
agar weed
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1980s
Strait of Georgia, Puget Sound
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
210
-------
Gelidium vagum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
H + B
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
211
-------
Gracilaria salicornia
Species ID: 123367
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (C.Agardh) E.Y.Dawson, 1954
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Gigartinaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gracilaria cacalia
Sphaerococcus salicornia
Synonym
Synonym
gorilla ogo
gorilla seaweed
Type Locality: Mariana Islands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
<1950
Hawaii (Big Island)
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Gracilaria salicornia was intentionally introduced into Hawaii for agar production in the 1970s, though it
may have been introduced earlier via ballast water or hull fouling. It has become abundant on fringing reefs in Hawaii
and can form extensive wrack after storms.
212
-------
Gracilaria salicornia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 13m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - SOpsu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
213
-------
Gracilaria tikvahiae
Species ID: 220035
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: McLachlan, 1979
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Gigartinaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gracilaria foliifera var. angustissima
Synonym
graceful red weed
Type Locality: Nova Scotia, Canada
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1970s
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Gurgel et al. (2004) found four lineages of Gracilaria tikvahiae; 1) Canadian-NE U.S., 2) S.E. Florida, 3)
eastern Gulf of Mexico, and 4) western Gulf of Mexico. There was no evidence for the occurrence of G. tikvahiae in
the Caribbean Sea. For the time being, we list the Caribbean reports as unclassified and unknown population status.
214
-------
Gracilaria tikvahiae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 17 - 35psu] [Pref: 25 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
215
-------
Gracilaria vermiculophylla
Species ID: 101870
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Ohmi) Papenfuss, 1967
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Gigartinaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gracilaria asiatica
Gracilaria vermicullophylla
Gracilariopsis vermiculophylla
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Type Locality: Akkeshi Bay, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1994
Elkhorn Slough, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
216
-------
Gracilaria vermiculophylla
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
P
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 35psu] [Pref: 10 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
217
-------
Grateloupia lanceolata
Species ID: 101209
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Halymeniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Okamura, 1934) Kawaguchi, 1997
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Halymeniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aeodes lanceolata
Pachymeniopsis lanceolata
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2003
Santa Catalina Island, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
218
-------
Grateloupia lanceolata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
219
-------
Grateloupia turuturu
Species ID: 100777
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Halymeniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yamada, 1941
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Halymeniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Grateloupia doryphora of authors in part
Misidentified
Type Locality: Muroran, Hokkaido, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2009
Santa Barbara Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
220
-------
Grateloupia turuturu
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
P
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 37psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
221
-------
Hypnea musciformis
Species ID: 123366
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Wulfen) Lamouroux, 1813
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Cystocloniaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fucus musciformis
Hypnea rissoana
Sphaerococcus divaricatus
Sphaerococcus divaricatus C.Agardh, 1827
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
hookweed
Type Locality: Trieste, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1974
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Hypnea musciformis has been widely distributed for aquaculture. Olenin and Didziulis (2009) list it as
cryptogenic in Europe though Zenetos et al. (2009) do not list it as introduced in the Mediterranean. We consider it
unclassified in the western Atlantic and Mediterranean and introduced in the Pacific.
222
-------
Hypnea musciformis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 22 - 39psu] [Pref: 24 - 31psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
223
-------
Kappaphycus alvarezii
Species ID: 123368
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Doty) Doty ex Silva, 1996
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Areschougiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Euchema striatum tambalang var. of Russell 1983
Eucheuma alvarezii
Eucheuma cottonii var. erecta
Eucheuma cottonii Weber-van Bosse 1913
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
tambalang
Type Locality: Malaysia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1991
Loc 1st record: Tosa Bay, Japan
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
1974
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: "Kappaphycus alvarezii seems to have been narrowly restricted to the southernmost Sulu Archipelago, the
Celebes Sea and Biak na Belau north of the equator until after 1974 it became widely distributed by man [for
carrageenan production]" (Neish, 2003). Based on this native distribution, we classify it introduced in other areas.
224
-------
Kappaphycus alvarezii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 50m] [Pref: 1 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 30 - 35psu] [Pref: 30 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
225
-------
Kappaphycus striatus
Species ID: 123369
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Gigartinales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Schmitz) Doty ex Silva, 1996
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Areschougiaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eucheuma cottonii
Eucheuma striatum
Kappaphycus striatum
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
Type Locality: Zanzibar, Tanzania
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1996
Loc 1st record: Tosa Bay, Japan
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1970
Kaneohe and Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Although AlgaeBase lists Zanzibar, Tanzania as the type locality of Kappaphycus striatus, it has also been
introduced into Tanzania for mariculture.
226
-------
Kappaphycus striatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 50m] [Pref: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 27 - 35psu] [Pref: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
227
-------
Lomentaria hakodatensis
Species ID: 3391
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Rhodymeniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yendo, 1920
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Lomentariaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lomentaria sinensis
Synonym
Type Locality: Hakodate, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1944
Ensenada, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
228
-------
Lomentaria hakodatensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
229
-------
Neosiphonia harveyi
Species ID: 101871
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bailey) Kim, Choi, Guiry & Saunders, 2001
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Rhodomelaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polysiphonia argentinica
Polysiphonia harveyi
Polysiphonia havanensis var. insidiosa
Polysiphonia insidiosa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Connecticut, USA (lectotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
ca. 1927
San Pedro, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Neosiphonia harveyi, occurs both in fouling communities and as an epiphyte on Codium sp. It was
originally though to be a North Atlantic species but genetic analysis showed that Japan was its center of origin (Mclvor
etal.,2001).
230
-------
Neosiphonia harveyi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6m] [Pref: 0 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
231
-------
Polysiphonia brodiei
Species ID: 2160
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dillwyn) Sprengel, 1827
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Rhodomelaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ceramium brodiei
Conferva brodiei
Hutchinsia brodiei
Hutchinsia penicillata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Scotland
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
232
-------
Polysiphonia brodiei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 60m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
O
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
233
-------
Polysiphonia denudata
Species ID: 3249
Taxon: Red alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum: Eurhodophytina
Subclass: Rhodymeniophycidae
Order: Ceramiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dillwyn) Greville ex Harvey, 1833
Subkingdom: Biliphyta
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Rhodomelaceae
Phylum: Rhodophyta
Class: Florideophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Conferva denudata
Hutchinsia variegata
Polysiphonia variegata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Southampton, England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:36:19 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1978-1983
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Polysiphonia denudata is a north Atlantic/Caribbean species. It has been found in the San Francisco Estuary
but has not been reported from other NEP estuaries. We classify it as introduced in the Indian Ocean but note that it
was not listed among the nonindigenous species for the Indian Seas (Rao, 2005).
234
-------
Polysiphonia denudata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 31m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 40psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
X
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
235
-------
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
236
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
237
-------
Avrainvillea amadelpha
Species ID: 220036
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Bryopsidales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Montagne) A. Gepp & E. Gepp, 1908
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Udoteaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Bryopsidophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Agalega Islands, NE of Madagascar
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1981
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) report that this Indo-Pacific macroalgae was introduced into Hawaii in 1981.
Possible vectors include ballast water and entanglement on anchor chains.
238
-------
Avrainvillea amadelpha
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 1 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
239
-------
Bryopsis sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Species ID: 3251
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Bryopsidales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Silva, 1979
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Bryopsidaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Bryopsidophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bryopsis sp. 1 Miller
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1951
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cohen and Carlton (1995) classified this species as NIS based on Silva's (1979) report of a Bryopsis that
only reproduced asexually in San Francisco Bay and that exhibited "weedy behavior:" However, Silva (1979) stated
that the "original home and identity of this plant is undeterminable", suggesting a cryptogenic classification.
240
-------
Bryopsis sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
241
-------
Caulerpa taxi folia
Species ID: 4457
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Bryopsidales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Vahl) Agardh, 1817
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Caulerpaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Bryopsidophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fucus taxifolius
Synonym
Ichii-duta
killer algae
Type Locality: St. Croix, Virgin Islands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1992
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Native
Native
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Agua Hedionda Lagoon, CA
No
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
X
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The nonindigenous classification for Caulerpa taxifolia in temperate Japan is based on the occurrence of
the Mediterranean clone. It is not known if this non-native clone is established in Japan. C. taxifolia was introduced
into Southern California, but was eradicated through a control program.
242
-------
Caulerpa taxifolia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 150m] [Pref: 3 - 35m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 40psu] [Pref: 20 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
X
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
243
-------
Codium fragile fragile
Species ID: 3250
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Bryopsidales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Suringar) Harlot, 1889
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Codiaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Bryopsidophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Codium fragile in part
Codium fragile subsp. capense P.C.Silva 1959
Codium fragile subsp. fragile
Codium fragile subsp. tomentosoides
Partial synonym
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
dead man's fingers
oyster thief
sputnik weed
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1977
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Genetic analysis suggests that the Codium fragile in Alaska and Oregon is the native form, with the
introduced form occurring in Tomales Bay, California and Willapa Bay, Washington (G. Hansen, pers. comm.
9/21/2010). Thus, we list the areas north of central California as a conflict.
244
-------
Codium fragile fragile
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 22m] [Pref: 0 - 9m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - 40psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
X
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
245
-------
Udotea argentea
Species ID: 101399
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Bryopsidales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Zanardini, 1858
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Udoteaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Bryopsidophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Suez, Egypt
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
2007
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Indo-Pacific seaweed, Udotea argentea, was first recorded in Hawaii in 2007 in a sandy habitat at
depths of 30 to 60 meters.
246
-------
Udotea argentea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 20 - 60m] [Pref: 20 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
247
-------
Ulva californica
Species ID: 2140
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ulvales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wille, 1899
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ulvaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Ulvophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Enteromorpha angusta
Ulva angusta
Ulva scagelii
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: La Jolla, California
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 2003
Loc 1st record: Mikawa and Osaka, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ulva californica is considered introduced in Japan (Kawai et al., 2007) and New Zealand (Heesch et al.,
2009). Assuming it is native to the NEP, we tentatively classify it as a NIS in Europe, Argentina, Iran, and the
subantarctic islands, though additional genetic analysis is required to confirm these classifications.
248
-------
Ulva californica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
249
-------
Ulva expansa
Species ID: 2553
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ulvales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Setchell) Setchell & N.L.Gardner 1920
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ulvaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Ulvophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ulva fasciata f. expansa
Synonym
limu pakaiea
sea lettuce (Ulva expansa)
Type Locality: Monterey, California
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1900
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ulva expansa breaks free and forms drifting mats, though Carlton and Eldredge (2009) argue that drift is
insufficient to explain its appearance in Hawaii. The deep records for this species are for mats that have sunk.
250
-------
Ulva expansa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 35psu] [Pref: 25 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
251
-------
Ulva lactuca
Species ID: 2137
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ulvales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1753
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ulvaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Ulvophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ulva crassa
Ulva fasciata
Ulva fenestrata
Ulva stipitata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
limu palahalaha
lipahapaha
sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca)
Type Locality: Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden, Northern Europe
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1970s
Loc 1st record: Seto Island Sea, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1819
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We classify Ulva lactuca (=U. fasciata) as introduced in the NWP and New Zealand / S. Australia and
cryptogenic in the NEP and Hawaii based on Furota and Nakayama (2010), Heesch et al. (2009), CANOD (2009), and
Carlton and Eldredge (2009), respectively. Because of taxonomic uncertainties, we list it as unclassified in other areas.
252
-------
Ulva lactuca
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
253
-------
Ulva pertusa
Species ID: 101013
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ulvales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Kjellman, 1897
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ulvaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Ulvophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ana-awosa
lacy sea lettuce
Type Locality: Hakodate, Yenoshima and Yokohama, Japan (syntype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1999
Southern California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
254
-------
Ulva pertusa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 17 - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
255
-------
Ulva rigida
Species ID: 2690
Taxon: Green alga
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ulvales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Agardh, 1823
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ulvaceae
Phylum: Chlorophyta
Class: Ulvophyceae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ulva armoricana
Ulva australis
Ulva petiolata
Ulva scandinavica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
sea lettuce (Ulva rigida)
Type Locality: Cadiz, Spain
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:33:50 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 2003
Loc 1st record: Mikawa and Osaka, Japan
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We assign the NBA as the native region for Ulva rigida (= U. armoricana; U. scandinavica). Furota and
Nakayama (2010) classify it as NIS in the NWP; while it is considered cryptogenic in Tasmania (Tasmanian Planning
Comm., 2009) and Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). We classify it as cryptogenic in the rest of the Pacific.
256
-------
Ulva rigida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
X
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
257
-------
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
258
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
259
-------
Ammophila arenaria
Species ID: 101248
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Poales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (L.) Link
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Poaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Lilianae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ammannia coccinea purpurea
Ammannia teres
Arando arenaria
Calamagrostis arenaria
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
European beachgrass
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
late 1800s
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
X
Comments: Ammophila arenaria, the European dune grass, was introduced into California to stabilize coastal dunes in
the 1800s. It has now spread from southern California up to British Columbia, outcompeting native plants and reducing
habitat for the threatened Western Snowy Plover.
260
-------
Ammophila arenaria
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
X
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
P
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
X
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
261
-------
Bruguiera sexangula
Species ID: 220045
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Malpighiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Loureiro, 1790) Poiret, 1816
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Rhizophoraceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Rosanae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza of Hawaiian authors
Misidentified
Oriental mangrove
upriver orange mangrove
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1922
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: The mangrove, Bruguiera sexangula, was introduced into Hawaii from the Philipinnes in 1922 in an effort
to reclaim mudflats (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). In China, it is limited to the Hainan Island, where it is uncommon
(IUCN, 2010).
262
-------
Bruguiera sexangula
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 3.26 - 35psu] [Pref: - ISpsu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
263
-------
Conocarpus erectus
Species ID: 220046
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Myrtales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1753
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Combretaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Rosanae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Conocarpus erectus sericeus
Conocarpus procumbens
Conocarpus sericeus
Conocarpus supinus
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
buttonwood
sea mulberry
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
<1910
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
264
-------
Conocarpus erectus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
265
-------
Halophila decipiens
Species ID: 220039
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Alismatales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ostenfeld, 1902
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Lilianae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Caribbean seagrass
paddle grass
Type Locality: Koh Kahdat, Gulf of Thailand, Thailand
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1979
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1999
Costa Baja, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Halophila decipiens appears to be the Indo-Pacific and/or the Caribbean. It has recently
been found in the Gulf of California (Santamaria-Gallegos et al., 2006), which we tentatively classify as introduced. It
appears that this species may be expanding its range due to climate change or human transport.
266
-------
Halophila decipiens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 100m] [Pref: 5 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 24 - 39psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
267
-------
Limosella australis
Species ID: 4765
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Lamiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: R. Br.
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Scrophulariaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Asteranae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Limosella aquatica var. tenuifolia
Limosella subulata
Synonym
Synonym
awl-leaved mudwort
delta mudwort
Welsh mudwort
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
<1944
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The herbaceous Limosella australis occurs in the mid to lower intertidal zone of freshwater and brackish
tide flats. As L. subulata it was considered native in the NWA and/or NEA; however L. australis is considered native to
Australia and/or the east and west coasts of the U.S. We classify as introduced in the NEP and unclassified elsewhere.
268
-------
Limosella australis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 0.03m] [Pref: 0 - 0.05m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
269
-------
Rhizophora mangle
Species ID: 123370
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Malpighiales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus 1753)
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Rhizophoraceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Rosanae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
American mangrove
red mangrove
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1902
Molokai and Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
X
Comments:
270
-------
Rhizophora mangle
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 90psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
271
-------
Spartina alterniflora
Species ID: 2640
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Poales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, 1807
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Poaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Lilianae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
salt-water cordgrass
smooth cordgrass
Type Locality: Bayonne, France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1979
Loc 1st record: Jiangsu, China
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1941
Willapa Bay, Washington
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments:
272
-------
Spartina alterniflora
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - SOpsu] [Pref: 10 - 20psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
X
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
273
-------
Spartina anglica
Species ID: 2643
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Poales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hubbard, 1968
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Poaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Lilianae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Spartina anglica
Spartina townsendii var. anglica
Synonym
Synonym
English cordgrass (hybrid)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1963
Loc 1st record: Jiangsu, China
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1961-1962
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Spartina anglica is a fertile hybrid from England where it resulted from the inter-breeding of the native S.
maritima and introduced Spartina alterniflora. It is considered as a NIS everywhere.
274
-------
Spartina anglica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 40psu] [Pref: 5 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
X
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
275
-------
Spartina densiflora
Species ID: 2551
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Poales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Brongniart, 1829
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Poaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Lilianae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chauvinia chilensis
Spartina montevidensis
Spartina patagonica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
dense-flowered cordgrass
Type Locality: Concepcion, Chile
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1850s
Humboldt Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments:
276
-------
Spartina densiflora
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
O O
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.5 - 40psu] [Pref: 0.5 - 20psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
X
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
277
-------
Spartina patens
Species ID: 3247
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Poales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Aiton, 1789) Muhlenberg
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Poaceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Lilianae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dactylis patens
Synonym
salt grass
salt hay
saltmeadow cordgrass
yerba de sal
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1977
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1930
Siuslaw River, Oregon
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
X
O
Comments:
278
-------
Spartina patens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 93psu] [Pref: 0 - 27psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
X
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
279
-------
Zostera japonica
Species ID: 3514
Taxon: Angiosperms
Kingdom: Plantae
Subphylum:
Subclass: Magnoliidae
Order: Alismatales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ascherson & Graebner, 1907
Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Zosteraceae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Superorder: Lilianae
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nanozostera j aponica
Zostera americana
Zostera nana of NEP authors
Zyapowca
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Asian eelgrass
duck grass
dwarf eelgrass
Japanese eelgrass
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:35:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1957
Washington
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments:
280
-------
Zostera japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
O
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 33psu] [Pref: 8.2 - 20psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
X
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
P
X
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
X
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
281
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Phylum: Porifera
282
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
283
-------
Chalinula loosanoffi
Species ID: 1207
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Haplosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hartman, 1958)
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Haplosclerina
Family: Chalinidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acervochalina loosanoffi Synonym
Haliclona ecbasis of Fell, 1970 Misidentified
Haliclona loosanoffi Synonym
Haliclona sp. B of Hartman, 1975 Synonym
Loosanoff s haliclona
Type Locality: New England, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1950
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
284
-------
Chalinula loosanoffi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 20 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
285
-------
Clathria prolifera
Species ID: 3528
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Poecilosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Microcionina
Family: Microcionidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Microcioninae
Common Names:
Clathria delicata
Microciona prolifera
Spongia ostracina
Spongia prolifera
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
red beard sponge
Type Locality: New Jersey, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1960s
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Zongguo (2001) reported the Atlantic sponge, Clathria prolifera, from the East China Sea but no specific
locations or dates were given.
286
-------
Clathria prolifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 26m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 29psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
287
-------
Cliona thoosina
Species ID: 100607
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Hadromerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Topsent, 1888
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Clionaidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cliona cretensis
Synonym
Type Locality: Mediterranean Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified 11 ^""""'"M. Unidentified
• LflaSSITICallOn ^^J
Hawaii NEP
1998
Prince William Sound, Alaska
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cliona thoosina is a Mediterranean boring sponge, infesting oysters and other bivalves.
288
-------
Cliona thoosina
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 37psu] [Pref: - 37psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
289
-------
Gelliodes fibrosa
Species ID: 122819
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Haplosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Wilson, 1925)
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Haplosclerina
Family: Niphatidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gellius fibrosus
Synonym
gray encrasting sponge
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
X
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
290
-------
Gelliodes fibrosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
291
-------
Halichondria bowerbanki
Species ID: 1206
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Halichondrida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Burton, 1930
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Halichondriidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Halichondria (Halichondria) bowerbanki
Halichondria bowerbanki var. stellifera
Halichondria bowerbankia
Halichondria coalita
Convention
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Bowerbank's halichondria
bread of crumb sponge
crumb-of-bread sponge (Halichondria bowerbanki)
Type Locality: Plymouth, England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1950s
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
292
-------
Halichondria bowerbanki
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: - 25psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
293
-------
Halichondria coerulea
Species ID: 170103
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Halichondrida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Berqquist, 1967
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Halichondriidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Halichondria (Halichondria) coerulea
Convention
Type Locality: Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1965
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Halichondria coerulea was originally described from Hawaii, but Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider it
introduced.
294
-------
Halichondria coerulea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
295
-------
Halichondria melanodocia
Species ID: 122820
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Halichondrida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: de Laubenfels, 1936
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Halichondriidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Halichondria (Halichondria) melanodocia
Convention
Type Locality: Caribbean
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
<1967
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
296
-------
Halichondria melanodocia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
297
-------
Haliclona caerulea
Species ID: 220572
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Haplosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hechtel, 1965)
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Haplosclerina
Family: Chalinidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Haliclona (Sigmadocia) caerulea
Haliclona (Soestella) caerulea
Haliclona coerulea
Sigmadocia caerulea
Synonym
Convention
Misspelling
Synonym
blue Caribbean sponge
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient || Unclassified 11 classification Unidentified
Hawaii NEP
1996 Unknown
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii Gulf of California, Mexico
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
X
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: It is unclear whether Haliclona caerulea is native to the Caribbean or to the Tropical Eastern Pacific (Gulf
of Panama).
298
-------
Haliclona caerulea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
299
-------
Monanchora sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170108
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Poecilosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Myxillina
Family: Crambeidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Neofolitispa unguiculata of Coles at al. 1999
Misidentified
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1997
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
300
-------
Monanchora sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
301
-------
Mycale cecilia
Species ID: 122822
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Poecilosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: de Laubenfels, 1936
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Mycalina
Family: Mycalidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mycale (Camia) cecilia Misspelling
Mycale (Carmia) cecilia Convention
Mycale maunakea Synonym
Type Locality: Panama Bight, Panama
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1947
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Gulf of California, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider Mycale cecilia native to the Caribbean. However, it was described
from Pacific Panama and is wide-spread in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. Thus, we list it as unclassified in the NEP and
Caribbean.
302
-------
Mycale cecilia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 17m] [Pref: - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
303
-------
Mycale grandis
Species ID: 122821
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Poecilosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gray, 1867
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Mycalina
Family: Mycalidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mycale (Mycale) grandis [Convention
Mycale armata of Coles et al., 1999; not Thiele, 1903 Misidentified
orange keyhole sponge
orange sponge
Type Locality: Ternate, Indonesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Mycale grandis overgrows reef corals.
304
-------
Mycale grandis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
305
-------
Mycale parish!
Species ID: 122824
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Poecilosclerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bowerbank, 1875)
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Mycalina
Family: Mycalidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Esperella ridleyi
Esperella ridleyi var. intermedia
Esperella ridleyi var. robusta
Esperia plumosa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
red-brown branching sponge
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1947
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Eldredge and Smith (2001) consider Mycale parishi native to the Caribbean while Carlton and Eldredge
(2009) consider it native to the Indo-Pacific, which we follow here.
306
-------
Mycale parish!
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 16m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
307
-------
Prosu be rites sp. (Hartman, 1975)
Species ID: 1209
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Hadromerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hartman, 1975
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Suberitidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Prosuberites sp. of Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1953
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Lee et al. (2007a), Prosuberites sp. of Hartman, 1975 is locally common in the San Francisco
Estuary and may represent a complex of more than one species. It probably was introduced into the NEP with Atlantic
oysters or hull fouling (Lee et al., 2007a).
308
-------
Prosube rites sp. (Hartman, 1975)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 8m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 20psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
309
-------
Sube rites aurantiacus
Species ID: 123377
Taxon: Sponge
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Hadromerida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864)
Subkingdom: Parazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Suberitidae
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Laxosuberites zeteki
Suberites zeteki
Terpios aurantiaca
Terpios zeteki
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
lobate sponge
Type Locality: Virgin Islands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:39:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1902
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1991
Sinaloa, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) state that the origin of Suberites aurantiacus is unknown. However, we
tentatively classify the tropical Western Atlantic as the native range based on it being initially described from the
Virgin Islands and its extensive distribution in this region.
310
-------
Suberites aurantiacus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
311
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
312
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
313
-------
Aiptasia cf. insignis
Species ID: 220557
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily: Acontiaria
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Carlgren, 1941
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Aiptasiidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Thenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aiptasia insignis
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Mito and Uesugi (2004) listed "Aiptasia cf. insignis" as introduced into Japan, though no sites were given.
Belda-Baillie et al. (2002) list Aiptasia cf. insignis from Okinawa (Central Indo-Pacific Region), which we assume is
the same species. The base species, Aiptasia insignis, shown in the southern Atlantic may be a different species.
314
-------
Aiptasia cf. insignis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
X
pp
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
315
-------
Aiptasiomorpha minima
Species ID: 100758
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily: Acontiaria
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Stephenson, 1918)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Diadumenidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Thenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aiptasia minima
Aiptasiomorpha minuta
Diadumene minima
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: New Zealand
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <2004
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Mito and Uesugi (2004) listed Aiptasiomorpha minima as introduced in Japan though no specific sites were
identified. However, it was found in Tokyo Bay during a recent invasive species rapid assessment (Furota et al., 2008).
316
-------
Aiptasiomorpha minima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
317
-------
Bunodeopsis sp. A (Engle and Richards, 2001)
Species ID: 100088
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ljubenkov, 1998
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Boloceroididae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Boloceroidaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bunodeopsis sp. A (SCAMIT)
Bunodeopsis sp. A Ljubenkov
Bunodeopsis sp. A of Cohen et al. 2002
Bunodeopsis sp. of NEP authors
Convention
Synonym
Convention
Convention
Type Locality: California, USA and Pacific Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1995
Mission Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: We classify Bunodeopsis sp. A as NIS in Southern California though it may represent a climate transient
from the Gulf of California (see Engle and Richards, 2001). Bunodeopsis sp. A grows on seagrasses, resulting in
reduced growth or death (Williams, 2007c), as well as on surfgrass (Phyllospadix) and various brown algae.
318
-------
Bunodeopsis sp. A (Engle and Richards, 2001)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
X
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 7 - 45%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual X
BF Bl
X
JD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
319
-------
Carijoa riisei
Species ID: 122817
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Octocorallia
Order: Alcyonacea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolonifera
Family: Clavulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Carijoa (Telesto) riisei
Clavularia riisei
Clavularia rusei
Telesto riisei
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
branched pipe coral
orange soft coral
snowflake coral
white telesto
Type Locality: U.S. Virgin Islands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1972
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carijoa riisei was considered a Western Atlantic species but is now considered to be from the "Indo-West
Pacific" and to have invaded the Caribbean in the 19th century. In Hawaii, Carlton and Eldredge (2009) classify it as a
NIS while Concepcion et al. (2010) consider that it could be native or nonindigenous, thus we list it as a conflict.
320
-------
Carijoa riisei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3.5 - 120m] [Pref: 10 - 105m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
321
-------
Culicia rachelfitzhardingeae
Species ID: 220589
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Scleractinia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cairns, 2006
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Rhizangiidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Culicia sp., cf. C. tenella of Fitzhardinge (1985, 1993)
Synonym
Type Locality: Oahu, Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1983
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Culicia rachelfitzhardingeae was described from Hawaii but is considered to be an Indo-Pacific
introduction.
322
-------
Culicia rachelfitzhardingeae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 2 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
323
-------
Diadumene cincta
Species ID: 1158
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily: Acontiaria
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Stephenson, 1925
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Diadumenidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Thenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Diadumene ? cincta of Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Diadumene sp. of Carlton 1979
Synonym
Synonym
orange anemone
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1976
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Diadumene cincta is considered introduced into the North Sea, European Atlantic coast, and the
Mediterranean by several sources (e.g., Streftaris et al., 2005). However, other sources suggest that it is native to the
United Kingdom. We list it as having conflicting classifications in the North Sea and Celtic Seas Ecoregions.
324
-------
Diadumene cincta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
325
-------
Diadumene franciscana
Species ID: 1156
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily: Acontiaria
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hand, 1956
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Diadumenidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Thenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
double-striped anemone
San Francisco anemone
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1998
Oahu, Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1941
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native origin of Diadumene franciscana is not known, but Carlton and Eldredge (2009) suggest that the
western or southwestern Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, or Australasia are likely sources.
326
-------
Diadumene franciscana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: - 38.6psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
327
-------
Diadumene leucolena
Species ID: 1159
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily: Acontiaria
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Verrill, 1866)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Diadumenidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Thenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cylista leucolena
Sagartia leucolena
Synonym
Synonym
ghost anemone
white anemone
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Date 1st record: 2008
Loc 1st record: Dalian, China
Established: Yes
1950s
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1936
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The PICES rapid assessment survey ((PICES Working Group 21, 2008)) found Diadumene leucolena in
Dalian, China in 2008. We assume that it established in the NWP.
328
-------
Diadumene leucolena
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 6 - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
329
-------
Diadumene lineata
Species ID: 120106
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily: Acontiaria
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Verrill, 1869)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Diadumenidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Thenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Diadumene luciae
Haliplanella lineata
Haliplanella luciae
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
orange-striped green anemone
small piling anemone
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1999
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1906
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
330
-------
Diadumene lineata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - 34psu] [Pref: 18 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
331
-------
Nematostella vectensis
Species ID: 1697
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Stephenson, 1935
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Edwardsiidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Athenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nematostella pellucida
Synonym
solitary marsh anemone
Starlet sea anemone
Type Locality: Isle of Wight, England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1946
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
332
-------
Nematostella vectensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 65.81 - 65.81%] X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 51.54psu] [Pref: 16 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
333
-------
Synandwakia hozawai
Species ID: 2011626
Taxon: Anthozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hexacorallia
Order: Actiniaria
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Uchida, 1932)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nyantheae
Family: Andvakiidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder: Athenaria
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Andwakia hozawai
Synonym
Type Locality: Mutsu Bay, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:16:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1998
Loc 1st record: Sakhalin, Sea of Okhotsk
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: We follow Zvyagintsev et al. (2011) and tentatively list the burrowing actinia, Synandwakia hozawai, as
introduced into the Sea of Okhotsk based on its appearance in 1998. However, given its native distribution to the south,
this may represent a natural range extension rather than an anthropogenic introduction.
334
-------
Synandwakia hozawai
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 34 - 102m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 32.3 - 32.5psu] [Pref: 32.3 - 32.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
335
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Cubozoa
336
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
337
-------
Copula sivickisi
Species ID: 122814
Taxon: Cubozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Carybdeida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Stiasny, 1926)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Tripedaliidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Cubozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Carybdea sivickisi
Synonym
Type Locality: Philippines
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:19:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1996
Waikiki, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: During the day, the box jellyfish, Copula sivickisi (=Carybdea sivickisi), attaches to the undersides of rocks
or other hard substrates.
338
-------
Copula sivickisi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface
P
Epi- Shallow
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
339
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
340
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
341
-------
Amphinema sp. (Rees, 2000)
Species ID: 12343
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Rees, 2000
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Pandeidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1998
Bodega Harbor, California
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The polyp of Amphinema sp. (Rees, 2000) most closely resembles Amphinema rugosum while the medusae
most closely resembles A. dinema. Both of these are widely distributed over the globe but have not been reported from
the NEP (Rees, 2000).
342
-------
Amphinema sp. (Rees, 2000)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
343
-------
Bimeria vestita
Species ID: 101848
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wright, 1859
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Bougainvilliidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bimeria amoyensis
Bimeria corynopsis
Bimeria humilis
Eudendrium vestitum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Firth of Forth, Scotland
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Sagami Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
2009
Oahu, Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
u
NEP
1934
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Bimeria vestita is introduced in the San Francisco Estuary and we assume that it is native to the NEA. By
extension we classify it as nonindigenous in Hawaii, especially given its recent discovery (Calder, 2010), and in the
NWP based on Hargitt's (1927) and Hirohito's (1988) reports from Southern China and Sagami Bay, Japan.
344
-------
Bimeria vestita
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
345
-------
Blackfordia virginica
Species ID: 1160
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mayer, 1910
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Conica
Family: Blackfordiidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Black Sea jelly fish
Type Locality: Virgina, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1970
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cohen and Carlton (1995) consider Blackfordia virginica native to the Black and Caspian seas; however, it
is listed as nonindigenous by the Caspian Sea Biodiversity Project (Aladin et al., 2006b). This estuarine hydroid has
become widely introduced over the globe, including the NEP and NWP.
346
-------
Blackfordia virginica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 35psu] [Pref: 14.9 - 22.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
347
-------
Bougainvillia muscus
Species ID: 1698
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Allman, 1863)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Bougainvilliidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bougainvillia fruticosa
Bougainvillia obscura
Bougainvillia ramosa
Perigonimus muscus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Devon, Great Britian
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1967
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1978
Friday Harbor, Washington
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Bougainvillia muscus is native to the Atlantic and considered introduced in the Pacific (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009) and Mills et al. (2007) considers it "probably introduced in bays and harbors" in the NEP. B ramosa (=
B. muscus) has been reported from wharfs in the Northwestern Sea of Japan (Chaplygina, 2006).
348
-------
Bougainvillia muscus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1200m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
P
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
349
-------
Cladonema pacificum
Species ID: 1161
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Naumov, 1955
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Cladonematidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cladonema radiatum var. mayeri
Cladonema pacifica
Cladonema uchidai
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Type Locality: Sea of Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1979
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cladonema pacificum ( = C. uchaidai) was found in a display tank at the Univ. of CA Berkeley and is
presumed to occur within the San Francisco Estuary (Mills et al., 2007).
350
-------
Cladonema pacificum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
351
-------
Cladonema radiatum
Species ID: 1700
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Dujardin, 1843
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Cladonematidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cladonema mayeri
Cladonema perkinsii
Stauridium radiatum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
root-arm medusa
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1972
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1988
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Rees (1982) considers that the East Asia records of Cladonema radiatum are likely C. uchida (= C.
pacificum). Because of this uncertainty, we classify the NWP and Indian Ocean records as cryptogenic.
352
-------
Cladonema radiatum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 16.5 - 35psu] [Pref: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
353
-------
Clava multicornis
Species ID: 1162
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forsskal, 1775)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Hydractiniidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Clava leptostyla
Synonym
club headed hydroid
club hydroid
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1895
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Whether the Clava multicornis reported from the San Francisco Estuary is the European species is
uncertain (Mills et al., 2007). It is also uncertain whether C. multicornis still occurs in the NEP.
354
-------
Clava multicornis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 40psu] [Pref: 16 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
355
-------
Clytia hemisphaerica
Species ID: 2011599
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1767)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Proboscoida
Family: Campanulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Campanularia gigantea
Campanularia j ohnstoni
Campanularia raridentata
Clytia bicophora
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1972
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Clytia hemisphaerica [= Campanularia j ohnstoni] is not known. Regional
classifications are used where available, otherwise it is listed as unclassified.
356
-------
Clytia hemisphaerica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 28 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
357
-------
Cordylophora caspia
Species ID: 1163
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Pallas, 1771)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Cordylophoridae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cordylophora albicola
Cordylophora lacustris
Cordylophora whiteleggi
Tubularia cornea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1974
Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
ca. 1920
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cordylophora caspia is a freshwater and low salinity species, while at higher salinities it forms a resistant
stage. According to DAISIE, "this hydroid is known in temperate and tropical coastal regions of every continent (except
Antarctica), and in many fresh waters." C. caspia has a planulae larvae but no medusoid stage.
358
-------
Cordylophora caspia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0.2 - ISpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
359
-------
Corymorpha sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Species ID: 1164
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Corymorphidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corymorpha sp. A LSM4
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1955
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The unidentified Corymorpha in the San Francisco Estuary is similar to the European C. nutans but the
taxonomy is unresolved (CANOD, 2009). It was found on mud bottoms.
360
-------
Corymorpha sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
Meso
Bathyal
Epi-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
361
-------
Garveia franciscana
Species ID: 1165
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Torrey, 1902)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Bougainvilliidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bimeria franciscana
Bimeria monodi
Bimeria tunicata
Perigonimus megas
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
rope grass hydroid
Type Locality: San Francisco Estuary, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1901
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Garveia franciscana is unknown. Calder (1997) suggested the Black Sea/Caspian Sea
may be its origin while Carlton (2009) proposed the South Pacific - Indian Ocean as the native region. We use regional
classifications when available; elsewhere we list it as unclassified.
362
-------
Garveia franciscana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 55m] [Pref: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 35psu] [Pref: 3 - IQpsu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
363
-------
Garveia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170082
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Bougainvilliidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Garveia
humulis of Grovhoug and Rastetter (1980)
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1972
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: This unidentified Garveia was found on the hydroid Pennaria in Hawaii in 1972. It has been identified as G.
humilis but Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider this identification requires confirmation.
364
-------
Garveia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
365
-------
Gonothyraea loveni
Species ID: 2011598
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Allman, 1859)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Proboscoida
Family: Campanulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gonothyraea clarki
Gonothyraea hyalina
Laomedea loveni
Obelia loveni
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Shetland, Scotland
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: <1980
Loc 1 st record: Strait of Tartary
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1895
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The synonomy of Gonothyraea loveni and G. clarki is "generally accepted but requires confirmation" (Mills
et al., 2007). Based on its apparent European origin and that G. loveni is the only representative of Gonothyraea in the
Pacific, we classify it as NIS in the Pacific. CANOD (2009) classifies it as cryptogenic in California.
366
-------
Gonothyraea loveni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 124m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 7 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
367
-------
Laomedea calceolifera
Species ID: 12120
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hincks, 1871)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Proboscoida
Family: Campanulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Campanularia calceolifera
Eulaomedea calceolifera
Laomedea conferta
Laomedia calceolifera
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native II Nonindigenous [w
Date 1st record: 1875
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1990
Southern California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The status of Laomedea calceolifera in the NEP is confused. Cohen et al. (2005) reported its first NEP
occurrence in the San Francisco Estuary in 2004, and it is "frequent in harbors and estuaries" (Mills et al., 2007).
However, it was reported as common offshore in Southern California since the 1990s (SCAMIT, 2003b).
368
-------
Laomedea calceolifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 190m] [Pref: - 60m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: - 76%]
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
Abyssal
X
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 24.5 - 33.17psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
369
-------
Laomedea flexuosa
Species ID: 2011600
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Alder, 1857
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Proboscoida
Family: Campanulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1990s
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
370
-------
Laomedea flexuosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 55m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 6.5 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
371
-------
Maeotias marginata
Species ID: 1167
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Trachylinae
Order: Limnomedusae
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Modeer, 1791)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Olindiasidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Maeotias inexpectata
Synonym
Black Sea jellyfish
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1959?
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
372
-------
Maeotias marginata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 3 - 13psu] [Pref: 5 - IQpsu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
373
-------
Moerisia sp. (Rees and Gershwin, 2000)
Species ID: 3351
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Rees & Gershwin, 2000
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Moerisiidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Moerisia lyonsi of Cairns et al. (2002); not Boulenger, 1908
Misidentified
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Rees and Gershwin (2000), the Moerisia sp. in the San Francisco Estuary is assumed to be
part of the "relict brackish-water Sarmatic fauna native to the Black and Caspian Seas."
374
-------
Moerisia sp. (Rees and Gershwin, 2000)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs:0-llpsu] [Pref: - IQpsu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
375
-------
Obelia bidentata
Species ID: 1168
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Clark, 1875
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Proboscoida
Family: Campanulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Laomedea bicuspidata
Obelia bicuspidata
Obelia corona
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
doubletoothed hydroid
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1946
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1912
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Obelia bidentata is unknown, though Carlton and Eldredge (2009) suggested that it
might be of Atlantic origin. We use regional classifications when available otherwise we list it as unclassified.
376
-------
Obelia bidentata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 0 - 22m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 9 - 56%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 26 - 31psu] [Pref: 26 - 31psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
X
377
-------
Obelia dichotoma Cmplx
Species ID: 1169
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Proboscoida
Family: Campanulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Campanularia dichotoma
Gonothyraea integra
Laomedea dichotoma
Obelia alternata
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
sea thread hydroid
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1972
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1894
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Following SCAMIT (2011) and CANOD (2009), we consider Obelia dichotoma to represent a species
complex. Therefore, it is listed as unclassified in the NEP. In other locations we tentatively use regional classifications
when available; otherwise we list it as unclassified.
378
-------
Obelia dichotoma Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 216m] [Pref: 0 - 31m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Abyssal
Hadal
-88.86%] X
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
O
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 40psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
379
-------
Pennaria disticha
Species ID: 122813
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Goldfuss, 1820)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Pennariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corydendrium spendidum
Corydendrium splendidum
Halocordyle disticha
Pennaria disticha australis
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
Christmas tree hydroid
feather hydroid
feathered hydroid (Pennaria disticha)
Type Locality: Gulf of Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1929
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
<1925
San Francisco Estuary, CA
No
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton (2009) states Pennaria disticha is native to the North Atlantic while Carlton and Eldredge (2009)
state it is introduced in Hawaii and that the native region is unknown. We classify it as cryptogenic in the NWP and
NIS in the NEP though it has not been collected in the NEP in over 60 years. We use regional classifications elsewhere.
380
-------
Pennaria disticha
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 2 - 7m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
381
-------
Pinauay crocea
Species ID: 1171
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Agassiz, 1862)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Capitata
Family: Tubulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ectopleura crocea
Parypha crocea
Tubularia crocea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
pink mouth hydroid
Type Locality: Boston Harbour, Massachusetts, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native II Nonindigenous [w
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1859
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
382
-------
Pinauay crocea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 57m] [Pref: 0 - 40m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 13 -
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
15%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 9 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
383
-------
Podocorynoides minima
Species ID: 2011627
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily: Hydractiniidae
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Trinci, 1903)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Filifera
Family: Rathkeidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cytaeis minima
Hydractinia minima
Podocoryna minima
Podocoryne minima
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Gulf of Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1986
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Podocorynoides minima is a widely distributed hydromedusa described from the Mediterranean. First found
in Peter the Great Bay in 1986, Zvyagintsev et al. (2011) classified it as introduced. Based on this, we tentatively
classify it as NIS in the Sea of Japan, recognizing that its occurrence in the Sea of Japan may represent natural dispersal.
384
-------
Podocorynoides minima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 70m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O O
P
Epi-Deep
O
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
385
-------
Thai aria thuiarioides
Species ID: 101874
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Leptothecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Clark, 1876)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Conica
Family: Sertulariidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Abietinaria thuiarioides
Diphasia thuiarioides
Sertularia thuiarioides
Thuiaria thuiaroides
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Type Locality: Nunivak Island, Bering Sea, and Chignik Bay, Alaska Peninsula
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1911
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: CANOD (2009) classifies Thuiaria thuiarioides (=Abietinaria thuiarioides) as nonindigenous in Humboldt
Bay, California based on a 2006 record. However, it was reported from Alaska to Puget Sound since 1911 and the
introduction into Humboldt Bay may represent a temporary southward excursion.
386
-------
Thuiaria thuiarioides
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 374m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
387
-------
Turritopsis nutricula Cmplx
Species ID: 3435
Taxon: Hydrozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hydroidolina
Order: Anthoathecata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: McCrady, 1857
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anthomedusae
Family: Clavidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Hydrozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Turritopsis nutricula
Ambiguous syn.
Immortal jellyfish
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:20:47 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1972
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
<1925
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Schuchert (2004), Turritopsis nutricula is an eastern Atlantic species. However, the presence
of several very similar Turritopsis species makes identification problematic and we consider it a species complex.
Nonetheless, the Turritopsis in Hawaii, San Francisco Estuary, and Samoa appear to be introduced.
388
-------
Turritopsis nutricula Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 9m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
389
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
390
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
391
-------
Anomalorhiza shawl
Species ID: 122816
Taxon: Scyphozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Discomedusae
Order: Rhizostomeae
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Light, 1921
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Daktyliophorae
Family: Lychnorhizidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Philippines
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:21:59 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1983
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
392
-------
Anomalorhiza shawi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
393
-------
Aurelia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170098
Taxon: Scyphozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Discomedusae
Order: Semaeostomeae
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ulmaridae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aurelia labiata of Hawaiian authors
Aurelia sp. 4 of Dawson et al., 2005
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:21:59 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1953
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on genetic analysis (Dawson et al., 2005), Hawaiian populations of Aurelia are most likely an
unnamed species endemic to the eastern Borneo and Palau regions.
394
-------
Aurelia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
395
-------
Aurelia sp. 1 (Dawson etal., 2005)
Species ID: 101847
Taxon: Scyphozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Discomedusae
Order: Semaeostomeae
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Dawson et al, 2005
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ulmaridae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aurelia aurita of NEP authors in part
Partial synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:21:59 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1988
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Dawson et al. (2005) seperated Aurelia species based on their genetics. Aurelia sp. 1 had a wide, disjunct
distribution with low genetic variation, indicative of anthropogenic transport. While the native region is unknown,
CANOD (2009) classifies it as introduced in California. We classify it as NIS in the NEP and cryptogenic elsewhere.
396
-------
Aurelia sp. 1 (Dawson eta I., 2005)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
397
-------
Cassiopea andromeda
Species ID: 122815
Taxon: Scyphozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Medusozoa
Subclass: Discomedusae
Order: Rhizostomeae
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forsskal, 1775)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Kolpophorae
Family: Cassiopeidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cassiopea medusa of Hawaiian authors in part
Cassiopea mertensi of Hawaiian authors in part
Cassiopeia andromeda
Medusa andromeda
Partial synonym
Partial synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Upside-down j ellyfish
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:21:59 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1950
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on molecular evidence, Holland et al. (2004) concluded that Cassiopea andromeda is one of two
Cassiopea to have invaded Hawaii and is native to the Indo-Pacific. It "may be introduced" in the Red Sea (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009) and is introduced in the Mediterranean (Zenetos et al, 2010).
398
-------
Cassiopea andromeda
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 38.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
X
PP
H
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
399
-------
Cassiopea sp. 3 (Holland et al., 2004)
Species ID: 170099
Taxon: Scyphozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Discomedusae
Order: Rhizostomeae
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Holland et al., 2004
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Kolpophorae
Family: Cassiopeidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cassiopea sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Synonym
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA and Papua New Guinea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:21:59 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
2000
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on molecular evidence, Holland et al. (2004) concluded that Cassiopea sp. 3 is one of two Cassiopea
to have invaded Hawaii. It is also found in Papua New Guinea; and Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider it native to
the Indo-Pacific.
400
-------
Cassiopea sp. 3 (Holland et a I., 2004)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
401
-------
Phyllorhiza punctata
Species ID: 3352
Taxon: Scyphozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Discomedusae
Order: Rhizostomeae
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Lendenfeld, 1884
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Kolpophorae
Family: Mastigiidae
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cotylorhizoides pacificus
Mastigias scintillae
Synonym
Synonym
Australian spotted jellyfish
spotted jellyfish
white spotted jellyfish
Type Locality: Port Jackson, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:21:59 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1933
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981
San Diego and Mission Bay, CA
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
402
-------
Phyllorhiza punctata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 38.6psu] [Pref: 19 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
X
PP
H
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
403
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Ctenophora
404
-------
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405
-------
Vallicula multiform is
Species ID: 122818
Taxon: Ctenophore
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Typhlocoela
Order: Platyctenida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Rankin, 1956
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Coeloplanidae
Phylum: Ctenophora
Class: Tentaculata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Vallicula multifrons
Misspelling
Type Locality: Jamaica
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:18:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1992
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1997
San Diego Bay, CA
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes Unknown
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Vallicula multiformis is a benthic ctenophore native to the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean.
406
-------
Vallicula multiformis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
O
K
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
407
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Nematoda
408
-------
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409
-------
Camallanus cotti
Species ID: 170100
Taxon:Nematode
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Spirurida
Superfamily: Camallanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Fujita, 1927
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Camallanina
Family: Camallanidae
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: Secernentea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Lake Biwa, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:30:07 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1993
Hakalau Stream, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Camallanus cotti is an intestinal nematode that parasitizes introduced freshwater and brackish water fishes,
such as Gambusia affmis and Xiphophorus hellerii, in Hawaii and New Caledonia. It is native to Asia.
410
-------
Camallanus cotti
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
411
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
412
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
413
-------
yAscocofy/e tenuicollis
Species ID: 122825
Taxon: Fluke
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Digenea
Order: Plagiorchiida
Superfamily: Opisthorchioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Price, 1935
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Opisthorchiata
Family: Heterophyidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Trematoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascocotyle (Ascocotyle) tenuicollis
Convention
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1993
Hilo, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ascocotyle tenuicollis is a North American parasite of freshwater and brackish water fishes, such as
Gambusia spp.
414
-------
Ascocotyle tenuicollis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - Spsu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
415
-------
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi
Species ID: 120179
Taxon: Tapeworm
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Eucestoda
Order: Bothriocephalidea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yamaguti, 1934
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Bothriocephalidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Cestoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bothriocephalus aegyptiacus
Bothriocephalus gowkongensis
Bothriocephalus kivuensis
Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Asian tapeworm
Type Locality: Ogura Lake, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1993
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2001
Southern California
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Asian tapeworm, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, is a widely introduced parasite of several freshwater
fishes; it also parasitizes several salt-tolerant species, such as Gambusia spp., that occur in brackish waters.
416
-------
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
X
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
417
-------
Cercaria batillariae
Species ID: 3635
Taxon: Fluke
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Digenea
Order: Strigeata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Shimura & Ito, 1980
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Fellodistomatidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Trematoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1998
Elkhorn Slough, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Miura et al. (2006) identified two distinct halpotypes of Cercaria batillariae in the NEP and it was
hypothesized that one was transported with its host, the introduced snail Batillaria attramentaria, but that the other was
transported by migratory shorebirds.
418
-------
Cercaria batillariae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
419
-------
Gyrodactylus anguillae
Species ID: 101884
Taxon: Fluke
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Monopisthocotylea
Order: Gyrodactylidea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ergens, 1960
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Gyrodactylidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Monogenea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1976
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Gyrodactylus anguillae parasitizes the gills of anguillid eels, in particular the European eel (Anguilla
anguilla). Genetic analysis indicates that it is native to Europe (Hayward et al., 2001). In addition to the translocations
of live eels, ballast water may be an important vector.
420
-------
Gyrodactylus anguillae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
421
-------
Khawia iowensis
Species ID: 1204
Taxon: Tapeworm
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Eucestoda
Order: Caryophyllidea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Calentine & Ulmer, 1961
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Lytocestidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Cestoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Iowa, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native (Amur Basin)
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1972
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Khawia iowensis is an intestinal parasite of the carp, Cyprinus carpio, which is primarily freshwater but can
occur in estuaries. Presumably, K. iowensis is native to the same range as C. carpio - rivers in temperate Eurasia,
specifically the Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins - and introduced in areas where C. carpio is not native.
422
-------
Khawia iowensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - Opsu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
423
-------
Koinostylochus ostreophagus
Species ID: 1550
Taxon: Flatworm
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Polycladida
Superfamily: Stylochoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hyman, 1955)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
In&aclass:
Suborder: Acotylea
Family: Callioplanidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Rhabditophora
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pseudostylochus ostreophagus
Synonym
Type Locality: Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient Unclassified
Hawaii NEP
1953
Puget Sound, WA
Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Koinostylochus ostreophagus (= Pseudostylochus ostreophagus) is a parasite/predator on oysters.
424
-------
Koinostylochus ostreophagus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 71m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 35psu] [Pref: 20 - 25psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
X
425
-------
Neobenedenia melleni
Species ID: 170081
Taxon: Fluke
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Monopisthocotylea
Order: Capsalidea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (MacCallum, 1927) Yamaguti, 1963
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Capsalidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Monogenea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Epibdella melleni
Neobenedenia girellae of NWP authors
Synonym
in part; not (MacCal Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1991
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1981
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Neobenedenia melleni is unique among monogenean parasites with its broad range offish hosts, and may
be a species complex (Whittington, 2004). Nonetheless, available evidence suggests that it has been introduced into
Hawaii, Japan, and New York. We list it as unclassified elsewhere.
426
-------
Neobenedenia melleni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
427
-------
Neoheterobothrium hirame
Species ID: 101876
Taxon: Monogenean
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Neodermata
Subclass: Polyopisthocotylea
Order: Mazocraeidea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ogawa, 1999
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Diclidophoridae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Monogenea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Sea of Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1993
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Although described from the Sea of Japan, molecular studies indicate that Neoheterobothrium hirame
arrived in Japan by undergoing a "host-switch" from the southern flounder, Paralichthys lethostigma, to P. olivaceus.
The southern flounder is native to the southeast United States, which we assume is the native region for N. hirame.
428
-------
Neoheterobothrium hirame
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
)
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
429
-------
Salsuginus seculus
Species ID: 170080
Taxon: Fluke
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Monopisthocotylea
Order: Dactylogyridea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Mizelle & Arcadi, 1945)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ancyrocephalidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Monogenea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
<1997
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Salsuginus seculus is a fluke parasite that lives in the gill filaments of the mosquito fish Gambusia affinis
and G. yucatana.
430
-------
Salsuginus seculus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P Meso
Bathyal
Epi-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
431
-------
Stylochoplana limnoriae
Species ID: 1548
Taxon: Flatworm
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Polycladida
Superfamily: Leptoplanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hyman, 1953)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
In&aclass:
Suborder: Acotylea
Family: Stylochoplanidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Rhabditophora
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Leptoplana limnoriae
Synonym
Type Locality: Los Angeles Harbor, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1950
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Stylochoplana limnoriae (= Leptoplana limnoriae) is found in the burrows of the wood-boring isopod
Limnoria in Los Angeles Harbor. Because of its close association with a non-native species, it is assumed to be
introduced in the NEP, though its native range is unknown.
432
-------
Stylochoplana limnoriae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
PAR
SA
PP
TROPHIC
LEVEL
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF FEE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
X
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
433
-------
Taenioplana teredini
Species ID: 122826
Taxon: Flatworm
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Polycladida
Superfamily: Ilyplanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hyman, 1944
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
In&aclass:
Suborder: Acotylea
Family: Euplanidae
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Rhabditophora
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:37:54 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1938
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Taenioplana teredini is associated with the shipworm Teredo. Its native region is unknown, though Carlton
(2009) suggested that it might be from the Southern Hemisphere.
434
-------
Taenioplana teredini
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
X
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
435
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
436
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
437
-------
Chaetogaster diaphanus
Species ID: 1267
Taxon: Oligochaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Oligochaeta
Order: Haplotaxida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gruithuisen, 1828)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tubificina
Family: Naididae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chaetogaster diaphanus cyclops
Nais diaphana
Convention
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1986
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chaetogaster diaphanus is primarily a freshwater species, though it can tolerate salinities up to about 10
psu. Its native range is unknown, though it has been introduced into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of the San
Francisco Estuary and the Columbia River in the NEP.
438
-------
Chaetogaster diaphanus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - IQpsu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
439
-------
Limnodriloides monothecus
Species ID: 1076
Taxon: Oligochaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Oligochaeta
Order: Haplotaxida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cook, 1974
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tubificina
Family: Tubificidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bohadschia monotheca
Limnodrilus monothecus
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Baja California, Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1970s
Baja California, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
440
-------
Limnodriloides monothecus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 600m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 21 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
441
-------
Monopylephorus evertus
Species ID: 1071
Taxon: Oligochaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Oligochaeta
Order: Haplotaxida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Baker & Brinkhurst, 1981
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tubificina
Family: Tubificidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: East coast of U.S.
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1994
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: We consider Monopylephorus evertus native to the NWA. It was first reported from the San Francisco
Estuary, California in the mid-1990s. In San Francisco, it is abundant in areas adjacent to the hybrid Spartina foliosa x
alterniflora and in areas where Spartina has died back (Neira et al., 2007).
442
-------
Monopylephorus evertus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
O Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 36.6psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
443
-------
Myzobdella lugubris
Species ID: 1069
Taxon: Leach
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Hirudinea
Order: Rhynchobdellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Leidy, 1851
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euhirudinea
Suborder:
Family: Piscicolidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Illinobdella elongata
Illinobdella moorei
Illinobdella richardsoni
Myzobdella moorei
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
<1994
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1949
Clear Lake, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The leach, Myzobdella lugubris, infects a variety of freshwater and estuarine species, including the white
catfish (Ictalurus catus) and the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus). M. lugubris occurs in Hawaii but appears limited to
freshwater fish (Englund et al., 2000b).
444
-------
Myzobdella lugubris
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 14psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
445
-------
Paranais frici
Species ID: 1072
Taxon: Oligochaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Oligochaeta
Order: Haplotaxida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hrabe, 1941
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tubificina
Family: Tubificidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Naidinae
Common Names:
Wapsa mobilis
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1961
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Our global classification of Paranais frici is based on the assumption that it is native to the Ponto-Caspian
(e.g., Olenin et al., 2008). However, it is possible that it constitutes a species complex and CANOD (2009) classifies it
as cryptogenic in California. It has also been reported from Africa and Japan.
446
-------
Paranais frici
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6m] [Pref: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 30psu] [Pref: 0 - IQpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
447
-------
Tubificoides brownae
Species ID: 1074
Taxon: Oligochaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Oligochaeta
Order: Haplotaxida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Brinkhurst & Baker, 1979
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tubificina
Family: Tubificidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Peloscolex gabriellae of 3rd Ed. Lights Manual
Misidentified
Type Locality: Delaware, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1961
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Tubificoides brownae is an Atlantic oligochaete that has been introduced into the NEP. It has also been
reported from Saudi Arabia (Cook et al., 2007b) though no specific locations are known.
448
-------
Tubificoides brownae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 77 - 92%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
O
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 14 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
449
-------
Tubificoides diazi
Species ID: 3336
Taxon: Oligochaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Oligochaeta
Order: Haplotaxida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Brinkhurst & Baker, 1979
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tubificina
Family: Tubificidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1970s
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Atlantic oligochaete, Tubificoides diazi, was introduced into Oregon and Washington, USA in the
1970s.
450
-------
Tubificoides diazi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 87m] [Pref: 0 - 87m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
P
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
451
-------
Tubificoides wasselli
Species ID: 1075
Taxon: Oligochaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Oligochaeta
Order: Haplotaxida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Brinkhurst & Baker, 1979
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tubificina
Family: Tubificidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:36:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1961
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Atlantic oligochaete, Tubificoides wasselli, has been introduced into Victoria, British Columbia,
Canada and the San Francisco Estuary, California (Cook et al., 2007b).
452
-------
Tubificoides wasselli
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 60m] [Pref: 0 - 43m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 30psu] [Pref: 5 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
453
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
454
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
455
-------
Alitta succinea
Species ID: 1081
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Leuckart, 1847)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nereidiformia
Family: Nereididae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Neanthes succinea
Nereis (Neanthes) succinea
Nereis limbata
Nereis succinea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
clam worm
pile worm
rag worm
Type Locality: Helgoland, Germany
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1941
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1896
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
456
-------
Alitta succinea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 13 - 100%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
O
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 67.5psu] [Pref: 5 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
457
-------
Amaeana sp. (Cohen et a/., 2005)
Species ID: 11246
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Terebellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Harris, 2004
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Terebellida
Family: Terebellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amaeana sp. A (Harris)
Amaeana sp. A Harris
Convention
Convention
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2004
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
458
-------
Amaeana sp. (Cohen et a I., 2005)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: - 29.4psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
459
-------
Amblyosyllis speciosa
Species ID: 3541
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Izuka, 1912
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Syllinae
Common Names:
Amblyosyllis nigrolineata
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1978
San Clemente Island, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Amblyosyllis speciosa is possibly a species complex; however, it is likely that the species found in
Southern California was introduced from Japan (Cohen et al., 2002; CANOD, 2009). Because of the taxonomic
uncertainty, we list it as unclassified in other areas.
460
-------
Amblyosyllis speciosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 60m] [Pref: 0 - 2.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 36psu] [Pref: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
X
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
461
-------
Amphiglena mediterranea
Species ID: 101839
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Leydig, 1851)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amphicora mediterranea
Amphicorina desiderata
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Nice, France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1998
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
462
-------
Amphiglena mediterranea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 14m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
O
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: 2.16 - 85.9%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 27.3 - 36.29psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
463
-------
Axiothella quadrimaculata
Species ID: 11800
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Scolecida
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Augener, 1914
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Maldanidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Western Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: <1999
Loc 1st record: Tokdo (Dokdo) Is., Korea
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1998
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
464
-------
Axiothella quadrimaculata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
465
-------
Bispira sp. A (Cohen et a/., 2002)
Species ID: 3542
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Harris
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Southern California
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: This unidentified sabellid polychaete was discovered in 2000 in Long Beach Harbor and Channel Islands
Harbor, California (Cohen et al, 2002). It is apparently the only species of Bispira in southern California (see
SCAMIT, 2008a).
466
-------
Bispira sp. A (Cohen et a/., 2002)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
467
-------
Boccardiella hamata
Species ID: 1747
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Webster, 1879)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Boccardia hamata
Boccardia uncata
Polydora hamata
Polydora uncata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Virginia & New Jersey, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1937
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1927
Nanaimo, British Columbia
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We follow Welch and Ruff (2009) and consider Boccardiella hamata introduced from the NWA into the
Pacific, though CANOD (2009) classifies it as "cryptogenic - likely introduced" in the NEP. The likely vector is
through transplantation of the Atlantic oyster, Crassostrea virginica.
468
-------
Boccardiella hamata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 168m] [Pref: 0 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 6.22 - 98%] X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.5 - 35.06psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
469
-------
Boccardiella ligerica
Species ID: 104
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Ferronniere, 1898)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Boccardia ligerica
Boccardia redeki
Polydora ligerica
Polydora redeki
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Loire, France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1935
Newport Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: USGS-NAS classifies Boccardiella ligerica as NIS in the southeastern United States; however NEMESIS
classifies it as cryptogenic along the U.S. East Coast and Gulf of Mexico due to taxonomic difficulties. NEMESIS lists
the NEA as the native region; however Olenin and Didziulis (2009) classify it as cryptogenic in Europe.
470
-------
Boccardiella ligerica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 12.8m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 24 - 99.5%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
O
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 30psu] [Pref: 0.5 - 4.8psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
471
-------
Branchiomma bairdi
Species ID: 100643
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Mclntosh, 1885)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Branchiomma nigromaculatum of authors, in part
Dasychone bairdi
Partial synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Bermuda
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2008
Gulf of California, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
472
-------
Branchiomma bairdi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.1 - 30m] [Pref: - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: - 37psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
473
-------
Branchiomma japonica
Species ID: 123390
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Baird, 1865)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Branchiomma cingulata of Hartman, 1966; not (Grabe, 1870Misidentified
Branchiomma nigromaculata of Bailey -Brock and Hartman, Misidentified
Sabella havaica of Hawaiian authors; not Kinberg, 1 867 Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1946
Halape, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) report that Branchiomma japonica is native to in Japan, though no specific
locations were given.
474
-------
Branchiomma japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
475
-------
Brevicirrosyllis weismanni
Species ID: 101854
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Langerhans, 1879)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Eusyllinae
Common Names:
Pionosyllis pierantoni
Pionosyllis pierantonii
Pionosyllis weismanni
Pionosyllis weissmanni
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Misspelling
Type Locality: Madeira Islands, Portugal
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
2001
Mamala Bay, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Our classifications are based on the assumption that Brevicirrosyllis weismanni is native to the North
Atlantic/Mediterranean/Caribbean. However, B. weismanni is very variable and may constitute a species complex (San
Martin et al., 2009). Thus, more detailed analyses are needed to verify that this species is introduced into the Pacific.
476
-------
Brevicirrosyllis weismanni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 30.9 - 35.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
477
-------
Caulleriella acicula
Species ID: 101850
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Terebellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Day, 1961
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Terebellida
Family: Cirratulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: South Africa
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
478
-------
Caulleriella acicula
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 12 - 13m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 33.18 - 35.27psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
479
-------
Chaetopterus variopedatus Cmplx
Species ID: 7388
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cuvier, 1827
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Chaetopteridae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chaetopteras sp. of Blake and Ruff, 2007
Chaetopteras sp. of Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chaetopteras variopedatus complex
Chaetopteras variopedatus of NEP authors; not Culver, 1827
Synonym
Ambiguous syn.
Convention
Ambiguous syn.
parchment tube worm
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1960
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: There are two undescribed Chaetopterus species in the NEP, neither of which is the Atlantic C.
variopedatus. The Hawaiian Chaetopterus sp. appears to be introduced due to its relatively recent appearance, though it
is not clear that this is one of the NEP species. The life history characteristics are for the Hawaiian species.
480
-------
Chaetopterus variopedatus Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.2 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
78.9%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
481
-------
Clymenella torquata
Species ID: 7395
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Scolecida
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Leidy, 1855)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Maldanidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
bamboo worm (Clymenella torquata)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1973
Block Is., British Columbia
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
482
-------
Clymenella torquata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 62m] [Pref: - 22m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 5.8 - 5.8%] X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 35psu] [Pref: 25 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
483
-------
Crucigera websteri
Species ID: 3330
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Benedict, 1887
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Gulf of Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1910
San Pedro, California
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
484
-------
Crucigera websteri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 86m] [Pref: 2 - 86m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
485
-------
Demonax sp. A (Cohen et a/., 2002)
Species ID: 3543
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000?
Southern California
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: A new species of Demonax was discovered in estuaries in Southern California in 2000, which was
classified as introduced by Cohen et al, (2002).
486
-------
Demonax sp. A (Cohen et a I., 2002)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 6.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 34 - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
487
-------
Dipolydora commensalis
Species ID: 8558
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Andrews, 1891)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polydora ciliata brevipalpa
Polydora commensalis
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Beaufort, North Carolina, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1934
Loc 1st record: north Japan Sea
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
about 1927
British Columbia, Canada
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Dipolydora commensalis is an obligate borer into hermit crab shells. We tentatively classify the Northwest
Atlantic as the native region. Assuming the NWA origin, it has been introduced into the NEP and the NWP, presumably
with the transport of Atlantic oysters.
488
-------
Dipolydora commensalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0.9 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 35.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
489
-------
Dipolydora normalis
Species ID: 11806
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Day, 1957)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polydora normalis
Synonym
Type Locality: Inhaca Island, Mozambique
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
Yes
VECTORS
X
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Dipolydora normalis occurs in soft sediments, though it was found in tubes on the surface of farmed
Haliotis midae shells in South Africa.
490
-------
Dipolydora normalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 0.65m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 23.9 - 37.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
491
-------
Eumida sanguinea
Species ID: 4604
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Orsted, 1843)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Phyllodocidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eulalia flavescens
Eulalia granulosa
Eulalia pallida
Eulalia sanguinea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Denmark
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1966 Unknown
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii Unknown
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Eumida sanguinea is classified as NIS in the NEP (Blake and Ruff, 2007) and Hawaii (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009), assuming it is from the North Atlantic. However, the European "E. sanguinea" is a species complex
(Nygren and Pleijel, 2011) and it is not clear which lineage was introduced or its classification in other regions.
492
-------
Eumida sanguined
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2100m] [Pref: 0 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Pref % Fines: 10 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
P
Abyssal
Hadal
40%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 23 - 39psu] [Pref: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
493
-------
Eusyllisjaponica
Species ID: 7447
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Imajima & Hartman, 1964
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Eusyllinae
Common Names:
Busy His blomstrandi of Berkeley and Berkeley, 1945 in part
Misidentified
Type Locality: Shirikishinai, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1945
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
494
-------
Eusyllisjaponica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 140m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
495
-------
Exogone longicornis
Species ID: 11809
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Westheide, 1974
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Exogoninae
Common Names:
Exogone (Exogone) longicornis
Convention
Type Locality: Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
2001
Mamala Bay, Oahu, Hawaii
laassSon [
NEP
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Exogone longicornis was described from the Galapagos, however San Martin (2005) suggests it may be a
species complex. Accordingly, we list it as unclassified except for Hawaii where Nelson et al. (2007) classify it as
introduced.
496
-------
Exogone longicornis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 12m] [Pref: 0 - 12m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 23.9 - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
497
-------
Ficopomatus enigmaticus
Species ID: 1078
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Fauvel, 1923)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ficopomaras enigmaticus
Ficopomatus uschakovi of authors
Mercierella enigmatica
Misspelling
Misidentified
Synonym
Australian tubeworm
Kaniyadori-kanzashi
serpulid tubeworm
Type Locality: Canal de Caen, France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1966
Loc 1st record: Seto Inland Sea, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1937
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
u
NEP
1921
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The region of origin for Ficopomatus enigmaticus is uncertain but we follow the Global Invasive Species
Database (GISD) and Carlton and Eldredge (2009) and list Australia as the native region. This serpulid polychaete can
form reefs and has been a major fouler in some areas.
498
-------
Ficopomatus enigmaticus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 19.1m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
P
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 1.3 - 55psu] [Pref: 10 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
499
-------
Ficopomatus miamiensis
Species ID: 101572
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Treadwell, 1934)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mercierellopsis prietoi
Sphaeropomatus miamiensis
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Miami River, Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1979
Gulf of California, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Caribbean Ficopomatus miamiensis has invaded the Gulf of California and the Pacific end of the
Panama Canal (Tovar-Hernandez et al. 2009a). Transport associated with shrimp aquacultural activities is the most
likely vector for the invasion in the Gulf of California.
500
-------
Ficopomatus miamiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3.8m] [Pref: 0 - 3.8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
O
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 25psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
501
-------
Geminosyllis ohma
Species ID: 337
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Imajima & Hartman, 1964)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Syllinae
Common Names:
Trypanosyllis (Trypanedenta) ohma
Trypanosyllis ohma
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Shirikishinai, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1978
Newport Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
502
-------
Geminosyllis ohma
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 42m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 16.54 - 22.9%]
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Hadal
X
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 30.01 - 31.47psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
503
-------
Hesionura australiensis
Species ID: 11811
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hartmann-Schroder & Parker, 1990
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Phyllodocidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Eteoninae
Common Names:
Hesionura australensis
Misspelling
Type Locality: Spencer Gulf, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
504
-------
Hesionura australiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 13.5 - 45m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
505
-------
Heteromastus filiformis Cmplx
Species ID: 381
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Scolecida
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Claparede, 1864)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Capitellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ancistria capillaris
Ancistria minima
Areniella filiformis
Capitella costana
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
nomen nudum
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1936
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Heteromastus filiformis constitutes a species complex. However, we follow Cohen and Carlton (1995) and
classify it as NIS in the NEP based on the pattern of discovery in West Coast estuaries. We show the global distribution
of H. filiformis even though it likely represents several species.
506
-------
Heteromastus filiformis Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4680m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.8 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
100%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
O
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 8 - 34.03psu] [Pref: 16 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF
DF X
DF-SUR
DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA V
T SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR
LP-B
LP-P X
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
507
-------
Hobsonia florida
Species ID: 394
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Terebellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hartman, 1951)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Terebellida
Family: Ampharetidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amphicteis floridus
Hypaniola florida
Hypaniola grayi
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1940
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
508
-------
Hobsonia florida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 22m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 4.75
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-85%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.2 - 32.2psu] [Pref: 10 - psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B X
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
509
-------
Hyboscolex longiseta
Species ID: 222825
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Scolecida
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Schmarda, 1861
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Scalibregmatidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lipobranchius capensis
Oncoscolex dicranochaetus
Oncoscolex homochaetus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Cape of Good Hope, South Africa
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
2002
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
510
-------
Hyboscolex longiseta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 834m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: - 2.16%] X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 27.4 - 34.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
511
-------
Hydroides brachyacanthus
Species ID: 15702
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Rioja, 1941
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eupomatus brachyacantha
Hydroides brachyacantha
Hydroides branchyacantha
Hydroides branchyacanthus
Synonym
Convention
Misspelling
Misspelling
Type Locality: Mazatlan, Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1939
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hydroides brachyacanthus may be a species complex (Bastida-Zavala and ten Hove, 2002), and many of the
records outside of the Tropical Northeast Pacific may represent other species. However, it appears to be introduced into
Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) and the Levantine Sea in the Mediterranean (Cinar, 2006).
512
-------
Hydroides brachyacanthus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 1 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 40psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
513
-------
Hydroides cruciger
Species ID: 122828
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Morch, 1863
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hydroides californicus
Hydroides crucigera
Vermilia crucigera
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Punta Arenas, Costa Rica
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1936
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hydroides cruciger is a serpulid polychaete native to Eastern Tropical Pacific that has been introduced into
Hawaii. However, Caribbean records of Hydroides cruciger belong to H. bispinosus and/or H. parvus (ten Hove and
Kupriyanova, 2009).
514
-------
Hydroides cruciger
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 31m] [Pref: 0 - 31m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
515
-------
Hydroides dianthus
Species ID: 15703
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Verrill, 1873)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eupamotus dianthus
Eupomatus dianthus
Hydroides uncinata
Serpula dianthus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
limy tubeworm
Type Locality: New England, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1997
Loc 1st record: Osaka Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
516
-------
Hydroides dianthus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 0 - 22m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 35psu] [Pref: 20 - 29psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
517
-------
Hydroides diramphus
Species ID: 3544
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Morch, 1863
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eupomatus dirampha
Eupomatus lunifer
Hydroides benzoni
Hydroides cumingii
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: St. Thomas, West Indies
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1900
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1999
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The global classification of Hydroides diramphus assumes that the Tropical Northwestern Atlantic is the
native region.
518
-------
Hydroides diramphus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
519
-------
Hydroides elegans
Species ID: 2224
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Haswell, 1883)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eupomatus elegans
Eupomatus pectinata
Eupomatus trypanon
Hydroides abbreviatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Kasane-kannzashi
Type Locality: Sydney, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1928
Loc 1st record: Wakayama Pref., Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1929
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
u
NEP
1931
Southern California
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Our global classification of Hydroides elegans assumes it is native to Australia (Stafford and Willan, 2007).
However, NIMPIS classifies it as cryptogenic in Australia, Japan, China, and SE Asia, while Iwasaki (2006) classifies
it as a NIS in Japan. Further research is needed to determine its global distribution.
520
-------
Hydroides elegans
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3947m] [Pref: 0.5 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2.5 -
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
94.45%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 14 - 42psu] [Pref: 20 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
521
-------
Hydroides ezoensis
Species ID: 15705
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Okuda, 1934
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hydroides diplochone
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1980s
Loc 1st record: Korea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hydroides ezoensis has been listed as native (Hayes et al, 2005, PICES Working Group 21, 2011),
cryptogenic (Nishi and Tanaka 2008 in Link et al. 2008) and NIS (Washitani 2004) in different locations in Asia. We
list the NWP as a conflict, but consider it a NIS in Europe (Streftaris et al. 2005) and Australia (Hayes et al. 2005).
522
-------
Hydroides ezoensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
523
-------
Hydroides norvegicus
Species ID: 122265
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gunnerus, 1768
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hydroides elegans of authors in part; not (Haswell 1883) Misidentified
Hydroides norvegica Convention
Sabella euplacana Synonym
Serpula (Eupomatus) pectinata Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hydroides norvegicus is a northern European and Arctic species. However, its distribution is complicated
by the failure to separate it from H. elegans. We tentatively list H. norvegicus as introduced into the Pacific, but the
identity of this invader should be checked, as should the Mediterranean and Gulf of Mexico records.
524
-------
Hydroides norvegicus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 103m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
525
-------
Janua pagenstecheri
Species ID: 8638
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Quatrefages, 1865)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dexiospira pagenstecheri
Janua (Dexiospira) pagenstecheri
Mera pusilla
Spirorbis gnomonicus
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1960s
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Gulf of California, Mexico
Unknown
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The taxonomy and history of Janua pagenstecheri is confused. We follow Knight-Jones et al. (1975) and
consider J. pagenstecheri a Northeast Atlantic species. Accordingly, we tentatively classify it as NIS in the Pacific,
while Mead et al. (2011) classify it as introduced in South Africa and Pederson et al. (2005) as NIS in New England.
526
-------
Janua pagenstecheri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 120m] [Pref: 2 - 90m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs:29-psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
527
-------
Kuwaita heteropoda
Species ID: 3331
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Eunicida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Marenzeller, 1879)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eunicida
Family: Lumbrineridae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lumbriconereis heteropoda
Lumbrineris heteropoda
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
VECTORS
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1979
Alaska
Unknown
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Carrera-Parra and Orensanz (2002) transferred Lumbrinereis heteropoda to Kuwaita heteropoda, though
they noted that some of the previous records of L. heteropoda may be a different species. L. heteropoda was considered
as a likely invader in Prince William Sound, Alaska (Hines et al., 2000b).
528
-------
Kuwaita heteropoda
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 64 - 468m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 30 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
529
-------
Laonome sp. SF1 Norris (CANOD, 2009)
Species ID: 101243
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Norris
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Laonome sp. Fitzhugh of Blake and Ruff, 2007
Laonome sp. SF1 Norris
Potamilla sp. of Cohen and Carlton (1995)
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
u
Cryptogenic Transient 11 Unclassified
Hawaii NEP
1989
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: This undescribed sabellid polychaete is considered introduced in the San Francisco Estuary, where it was
first found in 1989 (CANOD, 2009).
530
-------
Laonome sp. SF1 Norris (CANOD, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs:0-psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
531
-------
Linopherus microcephala
Species ID: 101852
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Amphinomida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Fauvel, 1932)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Amphinomidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pseudeurythoe microcephala
Synonym
Type Locality: Maldives, Indian Ocean
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1998
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Linopherus microcephala was classified as introduced in Hawaii (Nelson et al., 2007). We tentatively
follow this classification but note that L. microcephala occurs in coral rubble (Bailey-Brock et al., 2007) and has been
recorded from bathyal depths (Louzao et al., 2010), neither of which are characteristic of introduced species.
532
-------
Linopherus microcephala
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - 1025m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
X
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
533
-------
Magelona capensis
Species ID: 11813
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Day, 1961
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spioniformia
Family: Magelonidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Agulhas Bank, South Africa.
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
<1998
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Assuming that Magelona capensis is native to South Africa, we follow Nelson et al. (2007) and classify it
as introduced in Hawaii.
534
-------
Magelona capensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1.7 - 508m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 34.6 - 35.8psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
535
-------
Manayunkia aestuarina
Species ID: 481
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bourne, 1883)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Haplobranchus aestuarinus
Haplobranchus aestuerina
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1980-1981
Baker Bay, Columbia River
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Kocheshkova and Matviy (2009) consider Manayunkia aestuarina to be alien in the Baltic. However, it is
not listed in the "Baltic Sea Alien Species Database" or by Streftaris et al. (2005) in their list of alien species in the
Baltic and Europe.
536
-------
Manayunkia aestuarina
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
P B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal
Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
O
Sand
O
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Fines: 0.65 - 95.21%] X
Cobble Mi
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN DW
Artificial Substrate
R P H-
l-B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - SOpsu] [Pref: 6 - ISpsu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
537
-------
Marenzelleria viridis
Species ID: 1079
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Verrill, 1873)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Marenzelleria j onesi
Scolecolepides viridis
Scolecolepis tenuis
Scolelepides viridis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Delaware, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1991
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The "Marenzelleria viridis" reported from the NEP may be M. neglecta (see Sikorski and Bick, 2004),
however both are from the Atlantic and thus NIS in the Pacific. We will follow Sikorski and Bick (2004) and use M.
viridis for the NEP species until further data become available.
538
-------
Marenzelleria viridis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 0 - 13m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
O
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: 1.5 - 98.66%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 32.9psu] [Pref: 2.5 - psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
539
-------
Marphysa conferta
Species ID: 7299
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Eunicida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Moore, 1911
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eunicida
Family: Eunicidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Marphysa cf. conferta
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality: Santa Rosa Island, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
2002
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Marphysa conferta was originally described off of California in rocky habitats. The species reported from
the Gulf of Mexico, reported as "Marphysa cf. conferta" in Fauchald et al. (2009), may be a different species than
found in the Pacific. Thus, we classify it as cryptogenic in the NWA rather than introduced at this time.
540
-------
Marphysa conferta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Hadal
Fines: -44.36%] X
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R
P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 31.4 - 35.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
541
-------
Microspio granulata
Species ID: 222808
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Blake & Kudenov, 1978
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Botany Bay, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1998
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
542
-------
Microspio granulata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 9.2 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
543
-------
Myrianida pachycera
Species ID: 3545
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Augener, 1913)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Autolytinae
Common Names:
Autolytus pachycenis
Myrianida crassicirrata
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1959
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000?
Southern California bays
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
544
-------
Myrianida pachycera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1.5 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 96.3
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
Abyssal
Hadal
-96.3%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 34.87 - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
545
-------
Neanthes arenaceodentata
Species ID: 220609
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Moore, 1903)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nereidiformia
Family: Nereididae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nereis (Neanthes) arenaceodentata
Nereis areanacoedentata
Nereis arenaceodentata
Neanthes acuminata complex
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1950s
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981
Gulf of California, Mexico
Unknown
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to CANOD (2009), Neanthes arenaceodentata is part of the "problematic" Neanthes acuminata
complex. The N. acuminata form reported from California is different than the Atlantic species, and is classified as
cryptogenic in the NEP (CANOD, 2009). Even with this taxonomic uncertainty, the Hawaiian form is considered
introduced (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). 546
-------
Neanthes arenaceodentata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 11.6m] [Pref: 0.01 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 20 - 36psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF
DF X
DF-SUR
DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA V
T SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR
LP-B
LP-P
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
547
-------
Neoamphitrite sp. A (Cohen et a/., 2005)
Species ID: 100592
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Terebellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Harris
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Terebellida
Family: Terebellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Neoamphitrite sp. A (provisional)
Neoamphitrite sp. A of Harris
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2004
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
548
-------
Neoamphitrite sp. A (Cohen et a I., 2005)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 5.5 - 12m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Hadal
Fines: 51.06 - 88.41%] X
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R
P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 24.5 - 31.17psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
549
-------
Neodexiospira brasiliensis
Species ID: 3332
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Grube, 1872)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dexiospira brasiliensis
Dexiospira oshoroensis
Janua (Dexiospira) brasiliensis
Janua brasiliensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Florianopolis, Brazil
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1974
Marina Del Rey, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Though described from Brazil, Knight-Jones and Knight-Jones (1975) consider the Western Pacific or Indo-
West Pacific as the possible native regions for Neodexiospira brasiliensis, and the PICES Working Group 21 (2011)
listed it as native in the Sea of Japan. We consider introduced in the Atlantic and NEP and native in the NWP.
550
-------
Neodexiospira brasiliensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
551
-------
Nicolea sp. A (Cohen et a/., 2002)
Species ID: 3546
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Terebellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Harris, 1985
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Terebellida
Family: Terebellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nicolea sp. A (SCAMIT)
Nicolea sp. A Harris
Convention
Convention
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: An unidentified terebellid polychaete was discovered in Southern California estuaries in 2000 and more
recently in the San Francisco Estuary. It is considered introduced in California (CANOD, 2009).
552
-------
Nicolea sp. A (Cohen et a I., 2002)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 4 - 14m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 69.03 - 69.03%] X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
553
-------
Nicolea zostericola
Species ID: 7533
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Terebellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Orsted, 1844
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Terebellida
Family: Terebellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nicolea simplex
Terebella longicornis
Terebella textrix
Terebella zostericola
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Blake and Ruff (2007) consider Nicolea zostericola as "possibly introduced from the east coast"
(cryptogenic) in the San Francisco Estuary, while CANOD (2009) classifies it as introduced. However, given its trans-
Arctic distribution and occurrence in British Columbia and Puget Sound, it is possible that it is native to San Francisco.
554
-------
Nicolea zostericola
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 510m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.73
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-80.25%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 27 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
X
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
555
-------
Ophryotrocha adherens
Species ID: 11815
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Eunicida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Paavo, Bailey-Brock, & Akesson, 2000
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eunicida
Family: Dorvilleidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1973
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
556
-------
Ophryotrocha adherens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 20 - 100m] [Pref: - 70m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
557
-------
Ophryotrocha labronica pacifica
Species ID: 101842
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Eunicida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Paxton & Akesson, 2007
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Dorvilleidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ophryotrocha labronica of authors, in part
Partial synonym
Type Locality: Cultured from specimens collected in Sagami
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
VECTORS
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
ca. 1975
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on crossing experiments, Paxton and Akesson (2010) erected Ophryotrocha labronica pacifica for the
species in Japan, Hawaii, and California and Ophryotrocha labronica labronica for the species in the Mediterranean,
eastern North Atlantic, and Australia. We assume that Japan is the native region for O. labronica pacifica.
558
-------
Ophryotrocha labronica pacifica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
559
-------
Peri nereis aibuhitensis
Species ID: 2011614
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Grube, 1878
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Nereidiformia
Family: Nereididae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nereis (Neanthes) linea
Nereis (Neanthes) orientalis
Nereis (Perineresis) aibuhitensis
Nereis aibuhitensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Asian marine clamworm
blue ragworm
Type Locality: Philippines
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
HR
O
Comments: Perinereis aibuhitensis (= Nereis aibuhitensis) is native to the Yellow Sea through to the Western Indian
Ocean. It is used as bait and is cultured in Asia. Mito and Uesugi (2004) list it as introduced in Japan. It has also been
exported from Korea to Portugal, Spain, and France though it is not known if it has established wild populations.
560
-------
Perinereis aibuhitensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1.6m] [Pref: 0 - 0.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
561
-------
Perkinsyllis spinisetosa
Species ID: 11819
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (San Martin, 1990)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Eusyllinae
Common Names:
Pionosyllis spinisetosa
Synonym
Type Locality: Gulf of Mexico, off Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pionosyllis spinisetosa was transferred to Perkinsyllis spinisetosa by San Martin et al. (2009). It is native to
the Gulf of Mexico and has been introduced into Hawaii (Nelson et al., 2007). Its status in the Northeast Atlantic is
unknown.
562
-------
Perkinsyllis spinisetosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 37m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
X
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
563
-------
Pileolaria militaris
Species ID: 170071
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Claparede, 1870
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pileolaria (Pileolaria) militaris
Convention
Type Locality: France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1960s
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Pileolaria militaris is unknown. Carlton and Eldredge (2009) suggest it might be the
North Atlantic but Olenin and Didziulis (2009) classify it as cryptogenic in Europe. Therefore, we list it as unclassified
except for Hawaii.
564
-------
Pileolaria militaris
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
P
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
565
-------
Plakosyllis brevipes
Species ID: 101855
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hartmann-Schroder, 1956
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Exogoninae
Common Names:
Eurysyllis brevipes
Plakosyllis quadrioculata
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Gulf of Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
2001
Mamala Bay, Oahu, Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Nelson et al. (2007) classified Plakosyllis brevipes introduced in Hawaii. We consider it native to the North
Atlantic and Mediterranean, unclassified in the NEA and Caribbean, and introduced in the Pacific and Indian Ocean.
566
-------
Plakosyllis brevipes
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 168m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: -2.16%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
567
-------
Polydora cornuta
Species ID: 691
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bosc, 1802
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polydora amarincola
Polydora ciliatum
Polydora ligni
Polydora littorea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
mud worm
Type Locality: Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1994
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1933
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on the assumption that Polydora cornuta is native to the NWA, it is tentatively classified as NIS in
the NEP, NWP, Australia, New Zealand, Mediterranean, and South America. However, further analysis is needed
because of the presence of cryptic species (Rice et al., 2008).
568
-------
Polydora cornuta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 37m] [Pref: 0 - 16m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.56 - 98%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
O
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 34.9psu] [Pref: 28 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
569
-------
Polydora limicola
Species ID: 692
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Annenkova, 1934
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polydora ciliata limicola
Synonym
Type Locality: Commander Islands, Russia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: before 1981
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1950s
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Polydora limicola was described from the western Bering Sea, and is presumably native to this cold
temperate region. However, it is a fairly recent invader into Peter the Great Bay and has been found on the hulls of
ships in the Barents Sea. It was first found in California in the 1950s and invaded the Black Sea in the 1960s.
570
-------
Polydora limicola
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.33 - 98%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 6 - 32psu] [Pref: 6 - 17.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
571
-------
Polydora nuchalis
Species ID: 693
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Woodwick, 1953
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Southern California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1988
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
572
-------
Polydora nuchalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15.5m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
O Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: 1.56 - 98%]
Cobble Mixed Sec
.byssal Hadal
X
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 28 - 35.04psu] [Pref: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B X
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
573
-------
Polydora websteri
Species ID: 694
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polydora ciliata of authors in part; not (Johnston, 1838)
Misidentified
Type Locality: Long Island Sound, Connecticut, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1940s
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We consider Polydora websteri native to the NEA, but note that some of the East Coast records may be a
different species, P. neocaeca (Williams and Radashevksy 1999).
574
-------
Polydora websteri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
O
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 22.9 -
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble M
Abyssal
Hadal
92.49%] X
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 4 - 35psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
575
-------
Procerastea nematodes
Species ID: 15039
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Langerhans, 1884
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Autolytinae
Common Names:
Proceraea nematodes
Procerastea perieri
Procerastea perrieri
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Madeira, Portugal
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Santa Catalina Island, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The Atlantic and Mediterranean polychaete, Procerastea nematodes, was found on a floating dock in the
Santa Catalina Islands, California (Blake and Ruff, 2007).
576
-------
Procerastea nematodes
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
577
-------
Protodorvillea biarticulata
Species ID: 101856
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Eunicida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Day, 1963
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eunicida
Family: Dorvilleidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Agulhas Bank, South Africa
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
2001
Mamala Bay, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Protodorvillea biarticulata was described from South Africa from a single specimen (Day, 1967a). We
classify it as native in South Africa and southern Australia and introduced in Hawaii and the Atlantic. There are
"questionable" reports of it in the Mediterranean (Zenetos et al., 2010), where we classify as cryptogenic.
578
-------
Protodorvillea biarticulata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - 14.8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 24 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
X X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
579
-------
Protodorvillea egena
Species ID: 15736
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Eunicida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Ehlers, 1913)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eunicida
Family: Dorvilleidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dorvillea egena
Dorvillea gracilloides
Dorvillea mandapamae
Protodorvillea mandapamae
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: False Bay, South Africa
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <2009
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
580
-------
Protodorvillea egena
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 150m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
O
Sand
I
O
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: - 5%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 35.04 - 35.25psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
581
-------
Protodriloides chaetifer
Species ID: 8657
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Polychaeta incertae sedis
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Remane, 1926)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Protodriloididae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Protodrilus chaetifer
Misspelling
Type Locality: Baltic Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1959
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The interstitial polychaete Protodriloides chaetifer was described from the Baltic and is common in Europe.
We tentatively classify it as introduced in California and Puget Sound based on its disjunct distribution.
582
-------
Protodriloides chaetifer
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 34m] [Pref: 0 - 0.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 29.8psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
583
-------
Pseudopolydora antennata
Species ID: 222811
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Claparede, 1869)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polydora (Carazzia) antennata
Polydora (Pseudopolydora) antennata
Polydora antennata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Gulf of Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1937
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1975
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Silva and Barros (2011) consider Pseudopolydora antennata a European species introduced into Brazil.
Assuming a European origin, we consider it introduced in Hawaii (as do Nelson et al, 2007), the rest of the Pacific, and
South Africa. We list it as unclassified in the Caribbean.
584
-------
Pseudopolydora antennata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 80m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 34.1 - 35.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
585
-------
Pseudopolydora bassarginensis
Species ID: 3230
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Zachs, 1933)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Willapa Bay, Washington
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
586
-------
Pseudopolydora bassarginensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 19psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
587
-------
Pseudopotamilla occelata
Species ID: 1954
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Moore, 1905
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Laonome oculifera
Potamilla occelata
Pseudopotamilla brevibranchia
Pseudopotamilla lampra
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Type Locality: Afognak Island, Alaska, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: <1982
Loc 1st record: Hakodate Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pseudopotamilla occelata was originally described from Alaska. It is considered cryptogenic in the NEP by
CANOD (2009), however we classify it as native in the NEP. It is considered introduced in the Sea of Japan by
Zvyagintsev et al. (2011).
588
-------
Pseudopotamilla occelata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 268m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.73
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-68.5%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 30.01 - 31.3psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
589
-------
Pseudovermilia occidentalis
Species ID: 222843
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Mclntosh, 1885)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pomatostegus galeatus
Pseudovermilia cornuta
Pseudovermilia pileum
Spirobranchus occidentalis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Bermuda
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1937
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1961
Southern California
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We consider Pseudovermilia occidentalis native to the NWA and Caribbean and cryptogenic in the eastern
Pacific. We follow Nelson et al. (2007) and list it as introduced in Hawaii, though Coles et al. (2002a) consider it native
to Hawaii.
590
-------
Pseudovermilia occidentalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 795m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 34.1 - 35.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
591
-------
Sabaco elongatus
Species ID: 738
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Scolecida
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Verrill, 1873)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Maldanidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Branchioasychis americana
Branchioasychis elongatus
Maldane elongata
Maldanopsis elongatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
bamboo worm (Sabaco elongatus)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1960
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
592
-------
Sabaco elongatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 22m] [Pref: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 9.8 - 95.07%] X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble M
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 22 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF
DF X
DF-SUR
DF-SUB X
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA V
T SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR
LP-B
LP-P
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
593
-------
Sabellastarte spectabilis
Species ID: 122833
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Grube, 1878)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Sabellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Sabella indica Savigny, 1822
Sabella spectabilis
Sabellastarte indica (Savigny, 1822)
Sabellastarte sanctijosephi of Hawaiian authors, not Gravier,
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misidentified
Featherduster worm
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1946
Halape, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
594
-------
Sabellastarte spectabilis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
595
-------
Salmacina tribranchiata
Species ID: 8632
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Moore, 1923)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Filograna tribranchiata Synonym
Salmacina dysteri tribranchiata Synonym
Salmancia dysteri of Hawaiian authors in part; not Huxley, 1 Misidentified
sea frost
tangled white tube worm
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider the harbor populations of Salmacina in Hawaii to be S. tribranchiata,
a NEP species, and not S. dysteri, a European species. We tentatively assign reports of S. dysteri in Guam and
American Samoa to S. tribranchiata, though note that these would represent introduced populations in either case.
596
-------
Salmacina tribranchiata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 600m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
597
-------
Salvatoria mediodentata
Species ID: 11810
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Westheide, 1974)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Exogoninae
Common Names:
Brania mediodentata
Grabeosyllis mediodentata
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Galapagos, Ecuador
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
2001
Mamala Bay, Oahu, Hawaii
laassSon [
NEP
1995
Bahia San Quintin, Mexico
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Aguado and San Martin (2006) synonomize Brania mediodentata and Grubeosyllis mediodentata with
Salvatoria mediodentata. Based on the taxonomic uncertainties, we classify it as cryptogenic in the NEP, but as NIS in
Hawaii given its recent record (Nelson et al., 2007).
598
-------
Salvatoria mediodentata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.25 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.9 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
70%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 35 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
599
-------
Scolelepis victoriensis
Species ID: 11826
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Blake & Kudenov, 1978
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Westernport, Victoria, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Nelson et al. (2007) classifies Scolelepis victoriensis as introduced into Hawaii. We consider this spionid
polychaete to be native to Australia and the southern Indian Ocean
600
-------
Scolelepis victoriensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - 4.2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: 1.98 - 2.18%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 35.5 - 36.6psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
601
-------
Scyphoproctus djiboutiensis
Species ID: 222827
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Scolecida
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gravier, 1906
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Capitellidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Scyphoproctus diiboutiensis
Misspelling
Type Locality: Gulf of Aden
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Scyphoproctus djiboutiensis is listed as introduced in Hawaii by Nelson et al. (2007). We consider it native
to the Indian Ocean, unclassified in eastern Australia, and introduced to Brazil (see Rizzo and Amaral, 2001).
602
-------
Scyphoproctus djiboutiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
P B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal
Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: 1.98 -
Cobble Mi
Abyssal
2.18%] X
xed Sediments
O
Hadal
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN DW
Artificial Substrate
R P H-
l-B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 23.9 - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
603
-------
Serpula watsoni
Species ID: 170067
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wiley, 1905
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Serpula vermicularis of Hawaiian authors
Misidentified
Type Locality: Sri Lanka
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1936
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
604
-------
Serpula watsoni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
605
-------
Sphaerosyllis risen
Species ID: 101857
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Perkins, 1981
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Exogoninae
Common Names:
Type Locality: Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sphaerosyllis riseri is an Atlantic species that Nelson et al. (2007) list as introduced in Hawaii.
606
-------
Sphaerosyllis risen
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 14.8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: - 1.98%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 24 - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
607
-------
Spio blakei
Species ID: 11827
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Maciolek, 1990
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Spio ca. pacifica of Brusca and Hendrickx, 2008
Spio pacifica of Blake and Kudenov, 1978
Ambiguous syn.
Synonym
Type Locality: Botany Bay, New South Wales , Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
<1999
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1982
Sinaloa, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Spio blakei, originally described as Spio pacifica, is native to Australia. S. blakei or S. pacifica have been
reported from Hawaii (Nelson et al, 2007) and western Mexico and Costa Rica (Dean, 2004), and is presumably
introduced in these regions.
608
-------
Spio blakei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 74m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
O
Gravel
Hadal
Fines: 0.66 - 44.36%] X
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R
P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 27.4 - 36.6psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
609
-------
Spirobranchus kraussii
Species ID: 15733
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Sabellida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Baird, 1865)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sabellida
Family: Serpulidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Placostegus cariniferas var. kraussii
Pomatoceros (Pomatoleios) caerulescens
Pomatoleios caerulescens
Pomatoleios Grassland
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Type Locality: Cape of Good Hope, South Africa
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1967
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Spirobranchus kraussii (= Pomatoleios kraussii) is an Indo-Pacific serpulid polychaete that occurs in Japan
and South Africa and has been introduced into Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) and the Mediterranean (Zenetos et
al., 2010). We list it as unclassified in Japan and cryptogenic in the Gulf of Mexico because of taxonomic uncertainties.
610
-------
Spirobranchus kraussii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1.5m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 31 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
611
-------
Streblospio benedicti Cmplx
Species ID: 804
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Canalipalpata
Order: Spionida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Webster, 1879
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Spionida
Family: Spionidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Streblospio benedicti
Streblospio benedicti complex
Streblospio lutincola
Ambiguous syn.
Convention
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality: New Jersey, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1977
Halawa Stream, Oahu
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1932
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: "Streblospio benedicti" has been divided into S. benedicti which occurs on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts
and S. gynobranchiata which occurs in the Gulf of Mexico. We assume that the S. benedicti on the Pacific Coast was
introduced from the Atlantic, while those in Hawaii were introduced from the Atlantic or secondarily from the Pacific.
612
-------
Streblospio benedicti Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 224.6m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.59
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-100%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
O
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1.9 - 35.33psu] [Pref: 28 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
613
-------
Syllides bansei
Species ID: 101858
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Perkins, 1981
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Eusyllinae
Common Names:
Type Locality: Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
2001
Oahu, Hawaii,
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We consider Syllides bansei native to the North Atlantic and Mediterranean. Nelson et al. (2007) classify it
as introduced in Hawaii and we classify it as introduced in the Indian Ocean.
614
-------
Syllides bansei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35.25psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
615
-------
Typosyllis nipponica
Species ID: 853
Taxon: Polychaete
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Aciculata
Order: Phyllodocida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Imajima, 1966
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Phyllodocida
Family: Syllidae
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Syllinae
Common Names:
Syllis (Typosyllis) nipponica
Syllis nipponica
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:54:06 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
JaasSLDUnidentified
NEP
1998
Los Angeles + Long Beach, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
616
-------
Typosyllis nipponica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 272m] [Pref: 4 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 7.79
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-99.19%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 25.5 - 33.27psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
617
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Bryozoa
618
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
619
-------
Aetea anguina
Species ID: 1646
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Aeteoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Inovicellina
Family: Aeteidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Sertularia anguina
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1997
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1950
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Aetea anguina is a wide-spread species whose native region is unknown, and which may constitute a
species complex. It has been classified as introduced in Australia (Hewitt et al., 2004) and Hawaii (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009), and cryptogenic in California (CANOD, 2009), Canary Islands (DAISIE), and Brazil (Ignacio et al.,
2010). 620
-------
Aetea anguina
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 15 - 100m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
621
-------
Aetea truncata
Species ID: 122864
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Aeteoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Landsborough, 1852).
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Inovicellina
Family: Aeteidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aetea recta of Soule et al., 1987 Misidentified
Aetea truncate Misspelling
Anguinaria truncata Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Aetea truncata is unknown, though it is considered introduced in Hawaii (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009) and cryptogenic in the Azores (DAISIE) and Brazil (Ignacio et al., 2010).
622
-------
Aetea truncata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 2 - 44m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
623
-------
Aeverrillia armata
Species ID: 101541
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Verrill, 1873)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Aeverrilliidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We classify Aeverrillia armata as native to the NWA, including the Gulf of Mexico. It was first reported in
the NEP from the San Francisco Estuary in 2000 (CANOD, 2009).
624
-------
Aeverrillia armata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 16.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
625
-------
Amathia convoluta
Species ID: 101872
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily: Vesicularioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamarck, 1816)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Carnosa
Family: Vesiculariidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amathia spiralis
Synonym
sheep's wool bryozoan
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
2005
San Diego Bay, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Osburn (1953) reported Amathia convoluta from the Eastern Tropical Pacific; however it was not reported
from the NEP until 2005, suggesting a recent anthropogenic introduction or a range extension. The native region is not
known but may be the NWA. Osburn also reported it from Europe and Australia.
626
-------
Amathia convoluta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 9 - 36m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
627
-------
Amathia distans
Species ID: 1056
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily: Vesicularioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Busk, 1886
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Carnosa
Family: Vesiculariidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amathia brasiliensis of authors in part; not Bush, 1886
Amathia goodei
Misidentified
Synonym
bushy bryozoan
delicate sheep's-wool bryozoan
Type Locality: Bahia, Brazil
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1925
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Fehlauer-Ale et al. (2011) removed Amathia brasiliensis from synonomy with A. distans, which confounds
their distributions. We tentatively consider both species native to the western Atlantic, as does Cranfield et al., 1998a,
and thus introduced in the Pacific. We note that CANOD (2009) considers it cryptogenic in the NEP.
628
-------
Amathia distans
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 145m] [Pref: 0 - 5.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
629
-------
Anguinella palmata
Species ID: 1139
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily: Paludicelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: van Beneden, 1845
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Carnosa
Family: Nolellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anquinella palmata
Synonym
ambiguous bryozoan
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1953
Newport Harbor, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
630
-------
Anguinella palmata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 45m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 13 - 32psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
631
-------
Aspidelectra cf. melolontha
Species ID: 11618
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Electridae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aspidelectra melolontha of NEP authors
Aspidelectra sp. (Cohen and Carlton 1995)
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1970s
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Crooks et al. (2011) classify Aspidelectra cf. melolontha as "Cryptogenic (Probable exotic)" in the San
Francisco Estuary. We classify it as NIS in the NEP since this genus only appears to occur in San Francisco. The base
species, Aspidelectra melolontha, is native to the North Sea.
632
-------
Aspidelectra cf. melolontha
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
633
-------
Bowerbankia gracilis Cmplx
Species ID: 107
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily: Vesicularioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Leidy, 1855
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Carnosa
Family: Vesiculariidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bowerbankia ?gracilis
Bowerbankia caudata
Bowerbankia gracilis
Bowerbankia gracilis aggregata
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
creeping bryozoan
Type Locality: New Jersey, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1966
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
1923
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Bowerbankia gracilis is likely a species complex. Nonetheless we follow McCann et al. (2007) and
tentatively classify it as native in the NWA and introduced in the Pacific, recognizing it may not be the same species in
all regions. Carlton and Eldredge (2009) list "Bowerbankia sp., cf gracilis" as introduced in Hawaii.
634
-------
Bowerbankia gracilis Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 7 - 13m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: - 57%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 5.4 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
635
-------
Bowerbankia imbricata
Species ID: 120718
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily: Vesicularioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Adams, 1798)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Carnosa
Family: Vesiculariidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bowerbankia cf. imbricata
Bowerbankia imbricate
Sertularia imbricata
Ambiguous syn.
Misspelling
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1966
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
<1953
Alaska and Puget Sound
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Bowerbankia imbricata is not listed as introduced in Europe or the Mediterranean (e.g., Olenin and
Didziulis, 2009; Zenetos et al, 2010). We tentatively list it as native in these regions and introduced in the Pacific. The
Hawaiian form is listed as "Bowerbankia cf. imbricata" by Carlton and Eldredge (2009) and may be a different species.
636
-------
Bowerbankia imbricata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 150m] [Pref: - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
637
-------
Bugula californica
Species ID: 897
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Robertson, 1905
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1980s
Loc 1st record: Korea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
638
-------
Bugula californica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 70m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
639
-------
Bugula dentata
Species ID: 122865
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamouroux, 1816)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acamarchis dentata
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1997
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: While Carlton and Eldredge (2009) state that the native region for Bugula dentata is unknown, Mead et al.
(2011) state that its origin is the Indo-Pacific. Thus we classify it as native in the Central Indo-Pacific, introduced in
southern Australia (Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002b) and Atlantic, and unclassified in the NWP.
640
-------
Bugula dentata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 4 - 54m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
641
-------
Bugula flabellata
Species ID: 3555
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Thompson in Gray, 1848)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Avicella mediterranea
Avicularia flabellata
Flustra avicularis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1905
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Following Inglis et al. (2008b), we classify Bugula flabellata as native in the British Isles and North Sea.
Based on this classification, we classify it as NIS in the Southern Atlantic and Pacific while Mead et al. (2011)
classifies it as introduced in South Africa. Embryos of B. flabellata receive nutrition while being brooded.
642
-------
Bugula flabellata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 128m] [Pref: 9 - 21m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Pref: 35 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
643
-------
Bugula fulva
Species ID: 101240
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ryland, 1960
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bugula ditrapa of Marcus, 1937; not Busk, 1858
Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2003
Monterey Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Bugula fulva is unknown; but it is considered introduced in the NEP (deRivera et al,
2007) and Mediterranean (Zenetos et al., 2010) and cryptogenic in the Northeast Atlantic (Olenin and Didziulis, 2009).
644
-------
Bugula fulva
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 77m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
645
-------
Bugula minima
Species ID: 170018
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Norman, 1909
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bugula robusta of Hawaiian authors
Synonym
Type Locality: Red Sea (neotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1996
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on Winston and Woollacott's (2008) revision of Bugula, we consider B. minima an Indian Ocean
species. The records from the Atlantic are classified as cryptogenic until they can be evaluated against the Winston and
Woollacott revision.
646
-------
Bugula minima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 18m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
647
-------
Bugula neritina Cmplx
Species ID: 1140
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anamarchis neritina
Bugula neritina
Bugula neritina complex
Cellularia neritina
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Convention
Ambiguous syn.
brown bryozoan
common bugula
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1921
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1905
Monterey Bay, California
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Bugula neritina is a species complex consisting of at least three cryptic species (Mackie et al., 2006). We
use regional classifications when available to show current thinking about its distribution, recognizing that several of
these populations probably consist of different species and/or mixes of species.
648
-------
Bugula neritina Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 320m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 82.7
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-82.7%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
P
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 14 - 36psu] [Pref: 18 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
649
-------
Bugula sp. 1 (Cohen etal., 1998)
Species ID: 3510
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Washington, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient Unclassified
Hawaii NEP
1993
Puget Sound, WA
Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Bugula sp. 1 of Cohen et al. (1998) resembles B. turbinata, a northeast Atlantic species.
650
-------
Bugula sp. 1 (Cohen etal., 1998)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
651
-------
Bugula sp. 2 (Cohen et a/., 1998)
Species ID: 5633
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Washington, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient Unclassified
Hawaii NEP
1998
Puget Sound, WA
Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Bugula sp. 2 of Cohen et al. (1998) resembles B. fulva, a North Atlantic species.
652
-------
Bugula sp. 2 (Cohen etal., 1998)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
653
-------
Bugula stolonifera
Species ID: 1141
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ryland, 1960
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bugula californica of authors
Misidentified
Type Locality: Swansea, Wales
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1997
Loc 1st record: Port of Nagoya, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
u
NEP
1972
Newport Bay, California
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region for Bugula stolonifera is unknown, though it is considered an Atlantic species by Soule et
al. (2007). We follow regional designations and classify it as NIS in the Pacific and Southwest Atlantic, cryptogenic in
the NWA and the Atlantic coast of Europe, and unknown elsewhere.
654
-------
Bugula stolonifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 68m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 20 - 37psu] [Pref: - 26psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
655
-------
Caberea boryi
Species ID: 9829
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Buguloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Audouin, 1826)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Neocheilostomatina
Family: Candidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder: Flustrina
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Caberia boryi
Misspelling
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1966
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
JaasSLDUnidentified
NEP
1889
Southern California
Established: Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes Unknown
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Caberea boryi is unknown (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
656
-------
Caberea boryi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 15 - 100m] [Pref: 20 - 60m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
657
-------
Caulibugula caliculata
Species ID: 122867
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Levinsen, 1909)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1997
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
658
-------
Caulibugula caliculata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
659
-------
Caulibugula dendrograpta
Species ID: 122868
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Waters, 1913)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Bugulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bugula armata
Caulibugula armata of Marcus, 1938
Caulibugula armata of Osburn, 1940
Stirparia dendrograpta
Synonym
Misidentified
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1997
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) list Caulibugula dendrograpta as introduced into Hawaii based on its recent
discovery (1997) and consider it an Indo-Pacific species. However, it is widely distributed in the Western Atlantic,
from Brazil (Lira et al., 2010) to North Carolina (Mature, 1966). Thus, we list it as unclassified outside of Hawaii.
660
-------
Caulibugula dendrograpta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 23m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
661
-------
Conopeum seurati
Species ID: 2011603
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Membraniporoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Canu, 1928)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Malacostegina
Family: Electridae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Tunisia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: <1975
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
662
-------
Conopeum seurati
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 40psu] [Pref: 18 - 27.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
663
-------
Conopeum tenuissimum
Species ID: 1142
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Membraniporoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Canu, 1908)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Malacostegina
Family: Electridae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Conopeum commensale of Aldrich, 1961; not Kirkpatrick anMisidentified
Conopeum commensale of Carlton, 1979; not Kirkpatrick anMisidentified
Conopeum commensale of Filice, 1959; not Kirkpatrick and Misidentified
Conopeum reticulum of authors Misidentified
lacy crust bryozoan
Type Locality: Pliocene fossils from Argentina
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1951
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
664
-------
Conopeum tenuissimum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4m] [Pref: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 11 - 40psu] [Pref: 18 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
665
-------
Cryptosula pallasiana
Species ID: 1143
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Moll, 1803)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Cryptosulidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eschara pallasiana
Hippoporia pallasiana
Lepralia pallasiana
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1966
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1943
Newport Bay, California
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cryptosula pallasiana has been considered an Atlantic species (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009); however it
may be a species complex (Soule et al., 2007). We list it as native to the NEA and Mediterranean, cryptogenic in the
NWA, and introduced in the SWA, Pacific, and South Africa, recognizing that these may constitute different species.
666
-------
Cryptosula pallasiana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 60m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
667
-------
Electra tenella
Species ID: 15879
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hincks, 1880)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Electridae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Membranipora tenella
Synonym
Type Locality: Atlantic coast of Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1952
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Classification of Electra tenella assumes that it is native to the NWA and Caribbean, though this is not
certain. Transport on floating plastics may be an important vector in the transport of E. tenella. Some of the reports of
E. tenella in New Zealand may be the native E. angulata.
668
-------
Electra tenella
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 10 - 18m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 27 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
669
-------
Escharoides excavata
Species ID: 100672
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Macgillivray, 1860)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Exochellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Escharoides excavate
Escharoides sauroglossa
Lepralia excavata
Smittina foliaceana
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
Date 1st record: 1980
Loc 1st record: Sangju, Korea
Established: Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
670
-------
Escharoides excavata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
671
-------
Hippopodina tahitiensis
Species ID: 170019
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Schizoporelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Leca & d'Hondt, 1993)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Neocheilostomatina
Family: Hippopodinidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder: Ascophora
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hippopodina feegeensis of Hawaiian authors, not of Busk, 1
Hippopodina viriosa
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality: French Polynesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1948
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Hippopodina tahitiensis is a wide-spread species, including reports from Africa, India and Columbia
(Tilbrooketal., 2001).
672
-------
Hippopodina tahitiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
673
-------
Membranipora chesapeakensis
Species ID: 101883
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Banta, Perez, & Santagata, 1995
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Membraniporidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Conopeum chesapeakensis
Synonym
Type Locality: Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
about 2000
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
674
-------
Membranipora chesapeakensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
675
-------
Membraniporopsis tubigerum
Species ID: 101864
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Flustroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Osburn, 1940)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Neocheilostomatina
Family: Sinoflustridae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder: Flustrina
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Conopeum tubigeram
Membraniporopsis tubigera
Synonym
Convention
Type Locality: Puerto Rico, Texas, and Florida
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1977
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Membraniporopsis tubigerum was described from the SE United States, but this may not represent the
native region. It is considered introduced in the SWA and New Zealand (Gordon et al., 2006; Gappa et al., 2010). We
tentatively classify it as NIS in the NWP. It forms large wracks on exposed sandy beaches in Uruguay.
676
-------
Membraniporopsis tubigerum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
677
-------
Nolella stipata
Species ID: 570
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gosse, 1855
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nolellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cylindroecium giganteum
Farrella dilatata
Farrella gigantea
Nolella gigantea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
about 1923
Vancouver Island, Canada
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The distribution of Nolella stipata is confused because of its earlier synonomy with N. dilatata, which
Hayward (1985) and WoRMS do not accept. In particular, records for the NWA and Brazil may be N. dilatata in part.
McCann et al. (2007) list it as cryptogenic in the southern U.S., resulting in a conflicting classification in the NWA.
678
-------
Nolella stipata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 22.9
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-22.9%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 26.6 - 36.3psu] [Pref: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
679
-------
Savignyella lafontii
Species ID: 122869
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Audouin, 1826)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Savignyellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Catenaria lafontii
Eucratea lafontii
Savignyella lafonti
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Because Miocene specimens of Savignyella lafontii have been found in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean,
we tentatively classify it as native, though McCann et al. (2007) classifies it as cryptogenic in the Gulf of Mexico. We
classify it as nonindigenous in Hawaii, Samoa and Australia, cryptogenic in Brazil and unclassified elsewhere.
680
-------
Savignyella lafontii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 44m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
681
-------
Schizoporella errata
Species ID: 4592
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Waters, 1878)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Schizoporellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lepralia errata
Synonym
branching bryozoan
Type Locality: Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1979
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Schizoporella errata has been consistently misidentified in a large percentage of studies (Tompsett et al.,
2009). Nonetheless, it appears to be native to the Mediterranean and introduced into the San Francisco Estuary. Its
status in other areas requires taxonomic confirmation.
682
-------
Schizoporella errata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 3.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 8 - 18psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
683
-------
Schizoporella japonica
Species ID: 1137
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ortmann, 1890
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Schizoporellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Schizoporella unicornis of NEP authors; not (Johnston, 1847Misidentified
Schizoporella unicornis var. japonica Synonym
single hornbryozoan (Schizoporella japonica)
Type Locality: Sagami Bay, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1927
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The distribution of Schizoporella japonica is confounded because the records of S. unicornis along the U.S.
Pacific coast "are likely referable to S. japonica "(Dick et al., 2005; also see Soule et al., 2007).
684
-------
Schizoporella japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 53m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 30psu] [Pref: 20 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
685
-------
Schizoporella sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170020
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Schizoporellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Schizoporella errata of Hawaiian authors
Partial synonym
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The taxonomy of Schizoporella is confused and the specific species in Hawaii are unknown. However,
Carlton and Eldredge (2009) suggest that there is one or more non-native species in Hawaii.
686
-------
Schizoporella sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
687
-------
Schizoporella unicornis
Species ID: 101218
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Johnston in Wood, 1844)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Schizoporellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lepralia unicornis
Synonym
lace coral
orange encrusting bryozoan
single horn bryozoan
Type Locality: England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The distribution of Schizoporella unicornis is confounded because S. unicornis var. japonica was elevated
to a species (Dick et al., 2005). We assume that records of S. unicornis along the Pacific coast of North America are S.
japonica. Zvyagintsev et al. (2011) lists S. unicornis as introduced in Peter the Great Bay, Russia.
688
-------
Schizoporella unicornis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 185m] [Pref: 0 - 5.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 46
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Abyssal
65.33%]
Hadal
X
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 32.41psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
689
-------
Synnotum aegyptiacum
Species ID: 9833
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Audouin, 1826)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anasca
Family: Epistomiidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gemellaria avicularis
Loricaria aegyptiaca
Synnotum aviculare
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1966
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Synnotum aegyptiacum is unknown, though Lagaaij (1968 in Tilbrook et al., 2001)
reported its occurrence in the Tertiary of Indonesia and the Caribbean. Foss (2011) classifies it as "cryptogenic - likely
introduced" in California.
690
-------
Synnotum aegyptiacum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 10 - 82m] [Pref: - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
691
-------
Triticella sp. B (Hewitt, 1993)
Species ID: 1631
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolonifera
Family: Triticellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Triticella sp. (Carlton, 2003)
Triticella sp. of Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Oregon, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1988
Coos Bay, Oregon
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: An unidentified bryozoan, Triticella sp. B, was reported by C. Hewitt in Coos Bay, Oregon in 1988 and
1989. It is considered introduced, possibly from Japan (Carlton, 2003). It is not known if it is established.
692
-------
Triticella sp. B (Hewitt, 1993)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
693
-------
Trypostega venusta
Species ID: 170021
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily: Hippothooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Norman, 1864)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Neocheilostomatina
Family: Trypostegidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder: Ascophora
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gemellipora glabra forma striatula
Lepralia venusta
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Guernsey, English Channel
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1966
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Trypostega venusta is a wide-spread species whose native region is unknown though fossils have been
reported from Morocco.
694
-------
Trypostega venusta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 180m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
695
-------
Victorella pavida
Species ID: 1144
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily: Paludicelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Saville Kent, 1870
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Carnosa
Family: Victorellidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Victorella bengalensis
Victorella cf. pavida of Soule et al. 2007
Synonym
Ambiguous syn.
trembling sea mat
Type Locality: England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: by 1943
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1967
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton (1979) suggested that Victorella pavida was native to the Indian Ocean, while it is introduced in
Europe (Olenin and Didziulis, 2009). We consider it introduced in the NEP, NWP, NEA, NWA, and Mediterranean,
though the "Victorella pavida" in the NEP may not be the same species as reported in other parts of the world.
696
-------
Victorella pa we/a
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.5 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
697
-------
Watersipora arcuata
Species ID: 1589
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Banta, 1969
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Watersiporidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Gulf of California, Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified I
Hawaii NEP
1998 1964
Kahului Harbor, Maui, Hawaii San Diego, CA
Unidentified
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Watersipora arcuata is thought to be the Mexican-Eastern Pacific (Mackie et al., 2006).
It is considered introduced in California because of its appearance in several embayments in the mid-1960s.
698
-------
Watersipora arcuata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
699
-------
Watersipora edmondsoni
Species ID: 122871
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Soule & Soule, 1968
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Watersiporidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Watersipora subovoidea sensuHarmer, 1957 of Dick, 2006
Synonym
Type Locality: Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1966
Ala Wai Canal, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
700
-------
Watersipora edmondsoni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
701
-------
Watersipora sp. (Mackie et a/., 2006)
Species ID: 101873
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mackie et al., 2006
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Watersiporidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Watersipora subtorquata of authors in part; not Waters, 1874
Watersipora subtorquata/ n. sp. Mackie
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient Unclassified
Hawaii
NEP
2006
Santa Cruz, California
Yes
Unidentified
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: This unidentified bryozoan is related to the "Watersipora subtorquata" group. It was first recognized from
Santa Cruz, California in 2006.
702
-------
Watersipora sp. (Mackie et a/., 2006)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
703
-------
Watersipora subtorquata
Species ID: 1145
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Cheilostomatida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (d'Orbigny, 1852)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ascophora
Family: Watersiporidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cellepora subtorquata
Escharina torquata
Watersipora subovoidea of Smithsonian Marine St.; not (d'O
Watersipora 'subtorquata' of Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Synonym
Synonym
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1966
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1963
Southern California
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We classify Watersipora subtorquata as native in the Caribbean-Atlantic based on Mackie et al. (2006) and
NIS in the NBA and Pacific while Mead et al. (2011) classifies it as introduced in South Africa. However, its taxonomy
is confused and it is possible that it may consist of more than one native or introduced species in many areas.
704
-------
Watersipora subtorquata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 76m] [Pref: 0 - 12m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 49psu] [Pref: 29 - 37psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
X
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
705
-------
Zoobotryon verticillatum
Species ID: 1146
Taxon: Bryozoan
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Ctenostomatida
Superfamily: Vesicularioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Delle Chiaje, 1828)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Carnosa
Family: Vesiculariidae
Phylum: Bryozoa
Class: Gymnolaemata
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amathia coutinhii
Hydra verticillata
Zoobotryon pellucidum
Zoobotryon pellucidus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
spaghetti bryozoan
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:49:36 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
<1921
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1905
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cranfield et al. (1998a,b) suggest that the Mediterranean is the native region of Zoobotryon verticillatum,
while Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider it to be unknown. Soule et al. (2007) consider it a species complex in the
NEP. We list the Mediterranean as unclassified and elsewhere use regional classifications when available.
706
-------
Zoobotryon verticillatum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 19m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 17.2
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-21.35%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 56psu] [Pref: 30 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
707
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Phoronida
708
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
709
-------
Phoronis hippocrepia
Species ID: 170028
Taxon: Phoronid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wright, 1856
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Phoronidae
Phylum: Phoronida
Class:
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Actinotropha hippocrepia
Phoronis (Crepina) gracilis
Phoronis capensis
Phoronis gracilis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Illfracombe, United Kingdom
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:32:32 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1976
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider Phoronis hippocrepia native to the North/South Atlantic while Olenin
and Didziulis (2009) consider it introduced to Europe. We classify the NEA as a conflict, the Mediterranean and Gulf
of Mexico as unclassified, and Pacific ecoregions as introduced.
710
-------
Phoronis hippocrepia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 55m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
711
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Entoprocta
712
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
713
-------
Barentsia benedeni
Species ID: 93
Taxon: Entoproct
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Coloniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Foettinger, 1886)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Barentsiidae
Phylum: Entoprocta
Class:
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascopodaria gracilis of Craig 1929 not (M. Sars 1835) Misidentified
Barentsia gracilis of Hedgpeth, 1964; not (M. Sars, 1835) Misidentified
Pedicellina benedeni Synonym
nodding head
Type Locality: Belgium
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/201211:31:21 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1929
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Olenin and Didziulis (2009) consider Barentsia benedeni a native European species. It is considered
introduced in the NEP (Cohen and Carlton, 1995), NWA (Ruiz et al., 2000), Australia (NIMPIS, 2002r), Japan
(NIMPIS, 2002r), and Caspian Sea (Paavola et al., 2005). We classify it as introduced in the South China Sea.
714
-------
Barentsia benedeni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 8 - 90m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 8.41
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-71.51%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
O
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 7 - 35psu] [Pref: 18 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
715
-------
Barentsia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170017
Taxon: Entoproct
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass:
Order: Coloniales
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Barentsiidae
Phylum: Entoprocta
Class:
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Barentsia gracilis of Soule and Soule, 1968
Misidentified
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/201211:31:21 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1966
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
716
-------
Barentsia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
717
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
718
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
719
-------
Abra sp. A (Coles et a/., 1997)
Species ID: 14354
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Tellinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Coles et al., 2007
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Semelidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
720
-------
Abra sp. A (Coles et a/., 1997)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
721
-------
Anomia nobilis
Species ID: 14353
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Pectinoida
Superfamily: Anomioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Reeve, 1859
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Anomiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Monia nobilis
Synonym
jingle shell
saddle oyster
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1859
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Indo-West Pacific is likely the native region for Anomia nobilis, and Pleistocene fossils have been
found in Djibouti in the Gulf of Aden. The introduced Guam population appears to have gone extinct.
722
-------
Anomia nobilis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 60m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
723
-------
Argopecten irradians
Species ID: 3453
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Pectinoida
Superfamily: Pectinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamarck, 1819)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pectinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Pectininae
Common Names:
Aequipecten irradians
Argopecten irradians amplicostatus
Argopecten irradians concentricus
Argopecten irradians irradians
Synonym
Convention
Convention
Convention
Atlantic bay scallop
bay scallop
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1981
Loc 1st record: Shandong, China
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1870s-1880s
San Francisco Estuary, CA
No
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Argopecten irradians is aNWA scallop. In the 1960s and 1970s shells were found in California (Carlton,
1979; CANOD, 2009) and there were earlier records (1880-1978) from Baja California, Gulf of California, Peru, and
Ecuador in the U.S. National Museum (OBIS). Chavanich et al. (2010) report it introduced into the Yellow Sea.
724
-------
Argopecten irradians
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 80m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 14 - 38psu] [Pref: 20 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
725
-------
Bankia bipalmulata
Species ID: 14355
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamarck, 1801)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Bankiinae
Common Names:
Bankia (Bankia) bipalmulata
Bankia annamariae
Bankia hawaiiensis
Bankia konaensis
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: India?
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1936
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The "Southern Hemisphere" is considered the native region for Bankia bipalmulata (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009).
726
-------
Bankia bipalmulata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 23m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
727
-------
Cham a fibula
Species ID: 14358
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Chamoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Reeve, 1846
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Chamidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chama asperella of WoRMS
Chama hendersoni
Ambiguous syn.
Synonym
iewelbox
southern Chama
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1915
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chama fibula was introduced into Guam but went extinct. In Hawaii, Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider
it introduced while Paulay (pers. comm.) states that it is "not NIS in Hawaii, no evidence to that effect; could list as
cryptogenic." Thus, we list it as a conflict in Hawaii.
728
-------
Chama fibula
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
729
-------
Chama lazarus
Species ID: 14359
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Chamoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Chamidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lazaras jewel box
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
730
-------
Chama lazarus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 70m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
731
-------
Chama macerophylla
Species ID: 14360
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Chamoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gmelin, 1791
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder: Neoheterodontei
Family: Chamidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chama citrea
Chama elatensis of Coles et al; not Delsaerdt, 1986
Chama imbricata
Chama macerophylla var. sulphurea Poulsen, 1878
Synonym
Misidentified
Synonym
Synonym
leafy jewelbox
rock oyster (Chama macerophylla)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chama macerophylla was introduced into Guam but went extinct.
732
-------
Chama macerophylla
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 525m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
733
-------
Chama pacifica
Species ID: 14361
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Chamoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Broderip, 1835
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder: Neoheterodontei
Family: Chamidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chama aerraginosa
Chama broderipii
Chama carditaeformis
Chama claasseni
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
reflexed jewel box
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1950
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Coles et al. (2003) consider Chama pacifica as introduced to American Samoa. However, Paulay (2011)
classifies it as indigenous to Samoa and all of South Polynesia.
734
-------
Chama pacifica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
735
-------
Corbicula fluminea
Species ID: 180
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Cyrenoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Miiller, 1774)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Cyrenidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corbicula fluminalis
Corbicula fluviatalis
Corbicula manilensis
Corbicula sinensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1982
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1924
Vancouver Island, Canada
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
X
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Corbicula fluminea is primarily a freshwater clam, though it can occur in low salinity waters. It is a
hermaphrodite that is both cross- and self-fertilizing.
736
-------
Corbicula fluminea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 26.7m] [Pref: - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
O
Gravel
Hadal
Fines: 72 - 92.7%] [Pref % Fines: - 72%]
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R
P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 20.9psu] [Pref: 0 - 2psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
737
-------
Corbula amurensis
Species ID: 1175
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Myoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Schrenck, 1861
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder: Myina
Family: Corbulidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Corbulinae
Common Names:
Corbula (Potamocorbula) amurensis
Potamocorbula amurensis
Potamocorbula amurensis takatuayamaensis
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Amur River corbula
Asian clam (Corbula amurensis)
brackish-water corbula
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1896
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
738
-------
Corbula amurensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 46m] [Pref: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
O
Vlix. Fines
O
Gravel
O
Hadal
Fines: 2.19 - 100%] [Pref % Fines:
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
- 88%]
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.4 - 33psu] [Pref: 5 - 16psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
739
-------
Crassostrea gigas
Species ID: 1551
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Ostreoida
Superfamily: Ostreoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Thunberg, 1793)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ostreina
Family: Ostreidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Crassostreinae
Common Names:
Crassostrea angulata of WoRMS
Crassostrea talienwhanensis
Dioeciostrea hispaniola
Gryphaea angulata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Japanese oyster
Pacific cupper oyster
Pacific oyster
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: Native/Stocked
Loc 1st record: Native/Stocked
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
1939
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
NEP
1875
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The introduced range of Crassostrea gigas in Asia is confused by the transport of different strains among
countries for aquaculture even though it may occur naturally within the ecoregion. Ecoregions in Asia with reported
imports from other areas are listed as conflicts. In the NEP, it is established in British Columbia and Washington.
740
-------
Crassostrea gigas
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 7m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 3 - 42psu] [Pref: 10 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
741
-------
Crassostrea virginica
Species ID: 1552
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Ostreoida
Superfamily: Ostreoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gmelin, 1791)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ostreina
Family: Ostreidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Crassostreinae
Common Names:
Crassostrea brasiliana
Crassostrea brasiliensis
Crassostrea floridensis
Dioeciostrea americana
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
American cupped oyster
American oyster
Atlantic oyster
Eastern oyster
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1956
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1895
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1869
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The southern boundary of Crassostrea virginica in the Atlantic can only be verified to the Yucatan
Peninsula (Eastern Oyster Biol. Rev. Team, 2007). The only wild population in the NEP is in Boundary Bay, Canada
(Coan et al., 2000). C. virginica was introduced into Japan though its locations and establishment are not known.
742
-------
Crassostrea virginica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - 7.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 6 - 35psu] [Pref: 10 - 28psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
743
-------
Gemma gemma
Species ID: 1173
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Totten, 1834)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Gemminae
Common Names:
Cyrena purpurea
Gemma fretensis
Gemma tottenii
Parastarte concentrica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
amethyst gem clam
gem clam
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
1893
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
744
-------
Gemma gemma
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
P
.byssal Hadal
Fines: 5 - 100%] X
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 31.4psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
745
-------
Geukensia demissa
Species ID: 1177
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Mytiloida
Superfamily: Mytilidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dillwyn, 1817)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mytilidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Modiolinae
Common Names:
Arcuatula demissa
Ischadium demissa
Ischadium demissum
Modiola plicatula
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Northern ribbed mussel
ribbed mussel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1894
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
746
-------
Geukensia demissa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 42.42 - 72%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 70psu] [Pref: 18 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
747
-------
Hiatella arctica
Species ID: 392
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Hiatelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1767)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder: Myina
Family: Hiatellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Hiatellidae
Common Names:
Didonta bicarinata
Hiatella monoperta
Hiatella striata
Mya arctica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Arctic hiatella
little gaper
nestling clam
nestling saxicave
Type Locality: Arctic
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1920
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: "Hiatella arctica" likely consists of a species complex. Nonetheless, CANOD (2009) classifies H. arctica as
native in California, Carlton and Eldredge (2009) as NIS in Hawaii, and Mead et al. (2011) as cryptogenic in South
Africa. Because of the taxonomic uncertainly, we list it as unclassified in other areas.
748
-------
Hiatella arctica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1190m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 0 - 97%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 23 - 34.26psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
X
N
X
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
749
-------
Laternula marilina
Species ID: 3379
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Anomalodesmata
Superfamily: Thracioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Reeve, 1863)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Laternulidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anatina cristella
Anatina kamkurama
Anatina peichiliensis
Laternula (Exolaternula) marilina
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
Asian lanternshell
duck latern clam
littoral spoon clam
Sotoori-Gai
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1963
Coos Bay, Oregon
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
750
-------
Laternula marilina
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 25m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
O
Vlix. Fines
P
Gravel
Fines: 7.4 - 40.3%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 7 - 34psu] [Pref: 27 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
751
-------
Limnoperna fortune!
Species ID: 220151
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Mytiloida
Superfamily: Mytilidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bunker, 1857)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mytilidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dreissena siamensis
Limnoperna depressa
Limnoperna lacustris
Limnoperna lemeslei
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
golden mussel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: <1987
Loc 1st record: Lake Biwa, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Limnoperna fortunei is primarily a freshwater species but can tolerate salinities up to 12 psu. It is native to
water bodies in mainland southeast Asia, including China, but has since invaded Hong Kong, Japan, and South America.
752
-------
Limnoperna fortune!
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 12psu] [Pref: 0 - 3psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
753
-------
Limnoperna securis
Species ID: 3011993
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Mytiloida
Superfamily: Mytilidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamarck, 1819)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mytilidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Limnoperna fortunei kikuchii
Modiola fluviatilis
Modiola securis
Modiola vexillum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
black pygmy mussel
Koroen-kawahibarigai
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1972
Loc 1st record: Lake Kojima, Okayama, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Limnoperna securis (= Xenostrobus securis) was first reported from Japanese waters in 1972 from Lake
Kojima, Okayama (MEI, 2008).
754
-------
Limnoperna securis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 31psu] [Pref: 18 - 19psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
755
-------
Lioconcha fastigiata
Species ID: 170049
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Sowerby, 1851)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lioconcha pseudofastigiata
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1985
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
756
-------
Lioconcha fastigiata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
757
-------
Lyrodus affinis
Species ID: 14365
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Deshayes, 1863)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder: Pholadina
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Teredo ?milleri of authors
Teredo affinis
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1923
Kauai, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
758
-------
Lyrodus affinis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 23m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
759
-------
Lyrodus pedicellatus
Species ID: 1178
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Quatrefages, 1849)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Teredo arabica
Teredo calmani
Teredo chlorotica
Teredo dagmarae
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
blacktip shipworm
Type Locality: Spain
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1902
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1871
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The native distribution of the shipworm Lyrodus pedicellatus is unknown though Carlton and Eldredge
(2009) speculate that it is the "Southern Hemisphere". It is considered introduced to the NEP, tropical Eastern Pacific,
Hawaii, and South Africa, and cryptogenic in Florida, which we extrapolate to the northern Caribbean.
760
-------
Lyrodus pedicellatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 2 - 62m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Pref: 29 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP-B
LP X FR SD
X
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
X
EPZ
761
-------
Lyrodus takanoshimensis
Species ID: 3380
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Roch, 1929)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Teredo dicroa
Teredo takanoshimensis
Synonym
Synonym
Takanoshima shipworm
Type Locality: Takanoshima, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981
Lady smith Harbor, B.C.
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Lyrodus takanoshimensis likely invaded British Columbia, Canada through infestation of the wooden crates
used to transport Pacific oyster seed. It is not known whether it is established.
762
-------
Lyrodus takanoshimensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
763
-------
Macoma petalum
Species ID: 1174
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Tellinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Valenciennes, 1821)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Tellinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Macominae
Common Names:
Macoma balthica of NEP authors in part
Misidentified Baltic clam
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
laassSon [
Hawaii
NEP
Early 1850s to early 1900s
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Macoma petalum is recognized as genetically distinct from the boreal and European M. balthica (Vainola
2003). Its range along the Pacific Coast has not been determined, but there are introduced populations in the San
Francisco Estuary and other estuaries in central/northern California, Oregon, and Washington.
764
-------
Macoma petalum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - llm] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
O
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
P
Gravel
Fines: 94.78 - 100%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5.7 - 31psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
X
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
765
-------
Martesia striata
Species ID: 14366
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pholadina
Family: Pholadidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hiata infelix
Martesia americana
Martesia hawaiensis
Martesia hawaiiensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Olepe-naka-loa
striate piddock
striated wood piddock
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1915
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The origin of Martesia striata is unknown but may be the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Carlton and Eldredge
(2009) consider it introduced into Hawaii while Paulay (2011) considers it cryptogenic. Thus, we list this as a conflict
for Hawaii.
766
-------
Martesia striata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
767
-------
Mercenaria mercenaria
Species ID: 1553
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Venerinae
Common Names:
Mercenaria mercenaria texana of authors
Venus (Mercenaria) mercenaria
Venus mercenaria
Misidentified
Synonym
Synonym
cherrystone
hard shell clam
Hon-binosugai
quahog
Type Locality: Pennsylvania (montibus Sveciae fossilis), USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1996
Loc 1st record: Tokyo Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
No
VECTORS
u
NEP
1901
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: The NWA clam Mercenaria mercenaria has established populations in the NEP, NWP, and Mediterranean,
and went extinct in Hawaii. According to Arnold et al. (2009), only M. campechiensis is native to Gulf of Mexico and
occurrences of M. mercenaria in the Gulf represent an introduction.
768
-------
Mercenaria mercenaria
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
P
.byssal Hadal
Fines: 74 - 76%] X
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 4 - 35psu] [Pref: 18 - 28psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
769
-------
Meretrix petechialis
Species ID: 100751
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamark, 1818)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Meretricinae
Common Names:
Cytherea petechialis
Cytherea zonaria
Synonym
Synonym
Chinese hard clam
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1969
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Meretrix petechialis was introduced into Japan from China or Korea.
770
-------
Meretrix petechialis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 40psu] [Pref: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
771
-------
Musculista senhousia
Species ID: 524
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Mytiloida
Superfamily: Mytilidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Benson in Cantor, 1842)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mytilidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Crenellinae
Common Names:
Arcuatula senhousia
Brachidontes senhousia
Modiolus senhousia
Volsella senhausi
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Asian date mussel
date mussel
green mussel (Musculista senhousia)
Japanese mussel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1924
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In the NEP, the green mussel, Musculista senhousia, can form extensive mats covering the bottom. It
appears to have gone extinct in Elkhorn Slough Estuary in central California (Wasson et al., 2001).
772
-------
Musculista senhousia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.56
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
O
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-99.19%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 17 - 37psu] [Pref: 20 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
773
-------
Mya arenaria
Species ID: 525
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Myoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Myidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Myinae
Common Names:
Mya elongata
Mya hemphilli
Myajaponica
Mya subtrancata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Atlantic soft-shell clam
long-necked clam
softshell clam
steamer clam (Mya arenaria)
Type Locality: O. Europae septentrionalis (North Sea)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/29/2012 4:55:36 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1923
Hawaii
No
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1874
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Mya arenaria is thought to have originally occupied the NWA, NEA, NEP, and NWP. During the
Pleistocene glaciation, it went extinct in the NEP, from southeast Alaska south, and the NEA (Strasser, 1999). It was
subsequently reintroduced to the U.S. Pacific coast with oyster shipments from the NWA.
774
-------
Mya arenaria
Print Date: 9/29/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 268m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
P
Gravel
Fines: -100%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.4 - 34psu] [Pref: 14 - 30psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
775
-------
Mytilopsis leucophaeata
Species ID: 5817
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Dreissenoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Conrad, 1831)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Dreissenidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Congeria cochleata
Congeria leucophaeta
Dreissena cumingiana
Mytilus americanus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Conrad's false mussel
dark false mussel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Mito and Uesugi (2004) list Mytilopsis leucophaeata [as Mystilopsis leucophaeta] as introduced to Japan,
but the specific locations are unknown.
776
-------
Mytilopsis leucophaeata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 55m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 31psu] [Pref: 0 - IQpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
777
-------
Mytilopsis sallei
Species ID: 3011997
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Dreissenoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Recluz, 1849)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Dreissenidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Congeria sallei
Dreissena gundlachii
Dreissena morchiana
Dreissena sallei
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
black striped mussel
false mussel
Igai-damashi
Santo Domingo false mussel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1974
Loc 1st record: Shimizu City, Shizuoka, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Most authors report the introduced Mytilopsis in Asia and Indo-Pacific as the Atlantic and Caribbean M.
sallei. However, Wangkulangkul and Lheknim (2008) consider the species introduced in the NWP to be M. adamsi,
originally described from the Pacific side of Panama. In either case, this mussel would be nonindigenous in the NWP.
778
-------
Mytilopsis sallei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - SOpsu] [Pref: 9 - 27psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
779
-------
Mytilus galloprovincialis
Species ID: 530
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Mytiloida
Superfamily: Mytilidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Lamarck, 1819
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mytilidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Mytilinae
Common Names:
Mytilus edulis diegensis
Mytilus edulis galloprovincialis
Mytilus edulis zhirmunskii
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
bay mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)
blue mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)
Mediterranean mussel
Murasaki-igai
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1932
Loc 1st record: Seto Inland Sea, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1998
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
No
VECTORS
u
NEP
1947
Southern California
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In the NEP, the native Mytilus trossulus and the introduced M. galloprovincialis can only be distinguished
reliably using genetic analysis, and the two species can hybridize. M. galloprovincialis has become an abundant fouling
species in the NEP.
780
-------
Mytilus galloprovincialis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 45m] [Pref: 0 - 8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
O
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 5.28 -
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble M
Abyssal
Hadal
96.42%] X
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 39.42psu] [Pref: 33 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
781
-------
Neotrapezium liratum
Species ID: 3381
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Arcticoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Reeve, 1843)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Trapezidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cypricardia lirata
Cypricardia liratum
Trapezium (Neotrapezium) liratum
Trapezium j aponicum
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Japanese clam
quadrate trapezium
Type Locality: No locality
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1924
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
782
-------
Neotrapezium liratum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 9 - 25psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
783
-------
Nuttallia obscurata
Species ID: 2524
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Tellinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Reeve, 1857)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Psammobiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nuttallia olivacea
Nuttallia solida
Psammobia olivacea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
dark mahogany clam
purple mahogany clam
purple mahogany -clam
varnish clam
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1991
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Nuttallia obscurata, a native to the NWP, initially invaded Puget Sound in the earlier 1990s. It has since
been migrating southward, with a single shell found in Elkhorn Slough in central California in 2001 (CANOD, 2009).
784
-------
Nuttallia obscurata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
0 B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal
Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
P
Abyssal
Hadal
Fines: 1.05 - 49.75%] X
Cobble Mi
xed Sediments
P
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN DW
Artificial Substrate
R P H-
l-B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 9.6 - 32.7psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
785
-------
Ostrea edulis
Species ID: 2257
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Ostreoida
Superfamily: Ostreoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ostreina
Family: Ostreidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ostreinae
Common Names:
Monoeciostrea europa
Ostrea adriatica
Ostrea boblayei
Ostrea corbuloides
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
edible oyster
European flat oyster
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1952
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1951
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, was introduced into the NEP but did not become established. It was
introduced into Japan in 1952 (Iwasaki, 2006) though the location and status of the population(s) are unknown.
786
-------
Ostrea edulis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - 9m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
787
-------
Ostrea lurida
Species ID: 101780
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Ostreoida
Superfamily: Ostreoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Carpenter, 1864
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ostreina
Family: Ostreidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ostreinae
Common Names:
Conchophylla lurida
Ostrea conchaphila of NEP authors in part
Synonym
Partial synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1948
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1893
Honolulu, Hawaii
No
VECTORS
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on molecular data, Poison et al. (2009) separated Ostrea lurida and O. conchaphila. O. lurida
occurred from British Columbia, Canada south to the western side of Baja, Mexico. O. conchaphila was only found in
the Gulf of California. We assume that the species introduced into Hawaii and Japan was O. lurida.
788
-------
Ostrea lurida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
789
-------
Panopea generosa
Species ID: 1592
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Hiatelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Conrad, 1849)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Hiatellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Glycymeris estrellana
Mya abrapta
Panopaea fragilis
Panopaea generosa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
geoduck
Pacific geoduck
Type Locality: Columbia River, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Date 1st record: 1998
Loc 1st record: Dalian, China
Established: Yes
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Panopea generosa (= P. abrupta; see Vadopalas et al., 2010) was introduced into the Yellow Sea in 1998
(Chen et al., 2006a). A "putative junior synonym", P. japonica, occurs from Sakhalin Island, Russia to Kyushu, Japan.
Because of taxonomic uncertainties, we list these northern populations of P. generosa as unclassified.
790
-------
Panopea generosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 268m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
O
Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
P
Gravel
O
Fines: 4.93 - 37%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 27.5 - 33.1psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
791
-------
Patinopecten yessoensis
Species ID: 4346
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Pectinoida
Superfamily: Pectinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Jay, 1856)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pectinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Chlamydinae
Common Names:
Mizuhopecten yessoensis
Patinopecten tokyoensis
Pecten brandti
Pecten yessoensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
giant ezo scallop
Japanese sea scallop
Japanese weathervane
Japanese weathervane scallop
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1981
Loc 1st record: Liaoning and Shandong, China
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1984
British Columbia, Canada
No
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Patinopecten yessoensis is native to Japan and western Russia. It was introduced into the Yellow Sea in
1981 and has established a wild population (Chen et al., 2006a). It is cultured in British Columbia and France, but
apparently has not established wild populations.
792
-------
Patinopecten yessoensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - 200m] [Pref: 4 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 34psu] [Pref: 30 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
793
-------
Pecten maximus
Species ID: 100722
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Pectinoida
Superfamily: Pectinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pectinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Pectininae
Common Names:
Chlamys maximus
Pecten maxima
Synonym
Convention
great scallop
king scallop
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native II Nonindigenous K
Date 1st record: late 1990s
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pecten maximus was introduced into China in the late 1990s from Europe and, according to Chen et al.
(2006a), has established a wild population in the Qingdao coastal waters.
794
-------
Pecten maximus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - 183m] [Pref: 20 - 24m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
O
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
795
-------
Perna viridis
Species ID: 3011996
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Mytiloida
Superfamily: Mytilidea
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mytilidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Also Known As (Name - Type): Common Names:
Chloromya samaradinus
Chloromya viridis
Mytilus opalus
Mytilus samaradinus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Asian green mussel
green lipped mussel
green mussel (Perna viridis)
Midori-igai
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1967
Loc 1st record: Okitsu, Osaka Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
796
-------
Perna viridis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - SOpsu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
797
-------
Petricola lithophaga
Species ID: 3011998
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Retzius, 1788)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Petricolinae
Common Names:
Mya decussata
Petricola costellata
Petricola rariflamma
Petricola rocellaria
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Usukara-shiotsugai
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1985
Loc 1st record: Sano, Osaka Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: It is not certain that the "Petricola sp. cf. lithophaga" reported from Japan (Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a;
Iwasaki et al, 2004b) is the same as the European species, though the Japanese taxon is considered to be introduced.
798
-------
Petricola lithophaga
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
799
-------
Petricolaria pholadiformis
Species ID: 1179
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamarck, 1818)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Petricolinae
Common Names:
Gastranella tumida
Petricola carolinensis
Petricola flagellata
Petricola fornicata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
American piddock
false angelwing
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/29/2012 4:58:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1927
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Living populations of Petricolaria pholadiformis in the San Francisco Estuary have not been confirmed in
recent decades, though it is established in Willapa Bay, WA (Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007).
800
-------
Petricolaria pholadiformis
Print Date: 9/29/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 49m] [Pref: 0 - 0.3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 65.81 - 65.81%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP P
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 7.5 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
X
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
801
-------
Phacosoma gibba
Species ID: 100750
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Adams, 1869)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dosinia (Phacosoma) gibba
Dosinia gibba
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: <1895 or 2002
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan?
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Phacosoma gibba appears to be native to southern China, while Iwasaki (2006) and Otani (2006) list it as
being recently introduced into Japan. However, Dosinia gibba (= P. gibba) has been reported from Tateyama, Japan
since before 1895 (Pilsbry, 1895). We tentatively list it as NIS in Japan, though the historical records should be checked.
802
-------
Phacosoma gibba
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
803
-------
Potamocorbula laevis
Species ID: 100752
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Myoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hinds, 1843)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder: Myina
Family: Corbulidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corbula laevis
Synonym
hiratanumakodakigai
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
804
-------
Potamocorbula laevis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 16m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 3.7 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
805
-------
Saccostrea cucullata
Species ID: 15655
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Ostreoida
Superfamily: Ostreoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Born, 1778)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ostreina
Family: Ostreidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Crassostreinae
Common Names:
Crassostrea commercialis of authors
Crassostrea cucullata
Ostrea cuccullata
'Saccostrea cucullata' of Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Misidentified
Synonym
Synonym
Partial synonym
hooded oyster
Sydney cupped oyster
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Genetic analysis indicates that Saccostrea cucullata is a complex (Lam and Morton, 2006), reported from
South Africa, Indian Ocean, Indo-Pacific, China, Australia, New Zealand. Introduced populations have been reported
from Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) and questionably the Mediterranean (Zenetos et al., 2010).
806
-------
Saccostrea cucullata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 392m] [Pref: 1 - 192m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
807
-------
Sphenia coreanica
Species ID: 14467
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Myoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Habe, 1951
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Myidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Cryptomyinae
Common Names:
Sphenia ?coreanica of Coles et al., 1999
Sphenia cf. fragilis of Long, 1974
Sphenia luticola of Coles et al., 2009
Synonym
Synonym
Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1968
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sphenia coreanica is native to Japan. The identification in Hawaii is tentative until more mature specimens
are examined.
808
-------
Sphenia coreanica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
809
-------
Spisula solidissima
Species ID: 120170
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Mactroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dillwyn, 1817)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Mactridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mactra solidissima
Synonym
Atlantic surf clam
surf clam
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 2006
Loc 1st record: Qingdao, China
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
810
-------
Spisula solidissima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 128m] [Pref: - 36m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 35psu] [Pref: 28 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
811
-------
Teredo bartschi
Species ID: 1554
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Clapp, 1923
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Teredo aegyptia
Teredo balatro
Teredo batilliformis
Teredo fragilis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Bartsch shipworm
Type Locality: Port Tampa, Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Hilo Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1920s
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: There is disagreement as to whether the southern hemisphere (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) or Caribbean
(Coan et al., 2000) is the native region of Teredo bartschi. In either case, it is considered introduced in Hawaii, the
NEP, and Europe. We list it as unclassified in other areas until additional information becomes available.
812
-------
Teredo bartschi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 36m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 7 - 45psu] [Pref: 12 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
X
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
813
-------
Teredo clappi
Species ID: 14468
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bartsch, 1923
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Teredo (Zopoteredo) clappi
Teredo adanensis
Teredo clappi of Sivickis, 1928; not Bartsch, 1923
Teredo hermitensis
Convention
Synonym
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality: Key West, Florida, USA (from hull of ship)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1922
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Teredo clappi is considered "Southern hemisphere" species (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009); thus we classify
the Australian populations as native.
814
-------
Teredo clappi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
X
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
815
-------
Teredo fuller!
Species ID: 170050
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Clapp, 1924
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Teredo (Zopoteredo) fulleri
Teredo bicorniculata
Teredo indomalaiica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
yellow-margin shipworm
Type Locality: West Indies
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1935
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
816
-------
Teredo fuller!
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
X
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
817
-------
Teredo furcifera
Species ID: 14372
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: von Martens, 1894
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder: Pholadina
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder: Euheterodonta
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Teredo bensoni
Teredo furcillatus
Teredo krappei
Teredo laciniata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
deep-cleft shipworm
Type Locality: Molucca Islands, Indonesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
<1921
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
818
-------
Teredo furcifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF
X X
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF I
3UD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
819
-------
Teredo naval is
Species ID: 1180
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Myoida
Superfamily: Pholadoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Teredinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Teredininae
Common Names:
Pholas teredo
Teredo beachi
Teredo borealis
Teredo japonica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Atlantic shipworm
naval shipworm
Type Locality: Netherlands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1913
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The shipworm Teredo navalis has been widely introduced over the globe. The NEA and Mediterranean are
considered possible native regions for T. navalis by some authors, while a number of European researchers consider it
cryptogenic in these areas (e.g, Zenetos et al., 2011).
820
-------
Teredo navalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 45psu] [Pref: 12 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
X
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
821
-------
Theora lubrica
Species ID: 1176
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Tellinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gould, 1861
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Semelidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Endopleura lubrica
Theora (Endopleura) lubrica
Theora fragilis of NEP authors; not (Adams, 1855)
Synonym
Convention
Misidentified
Asian semele
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1968
Newport Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
822
-------
Theora lubrica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 100m] [Pref: 0 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
P B
Sub-Deep
P
athyal Abyssal
Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Fines: 5.19 - 99.19%] X
Cobble Mi
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN DW
Artificial Substrate
R P H-
l-B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 27 - 34.87psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
823
-------
Venerupis philippinarum
Species ID: 859
Taxon: Bivalve
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterodonta
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Veneroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Adams & Reeve, 1850)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Euheterodonta
Suborder:
Family: Veneridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Tapetinae
Common Names:
Paphia bifurcata
Ruditapes philippinarum
Tapes philippinaram
Venerapis japonica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Japanese littleneck clam
Manila clam
okupi
pupu 'olepe
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:26:34 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1918
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1924
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments:
824
-------
Venerupis philippinarum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 23.5m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
O
Sand
O
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
P
Fines: 0.6 - 96.6%]
Cobble Mixed Sec
P
.byssal Hadal
X
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 34.65psu] [Pref: 24 - 31psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
825
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
826
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
827
-------
Alderia modesta
Species ID: 14
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Sacoglossa
Superfamily: Limapontioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Loven, 1844)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Plakobranchacea
Family: Limapontiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Alderia amphibia
Alderia harvardiensis
Alderia scaldiana
Stiliger modestus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
modest alderia
Type Locality: Norway
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: about 2001
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Genetic evidence indicates that Alderia modesta evolved in the Pacific and then migrated to the Atlantic
(Krug et al, 2007), though it is unclear whether this was a natural or human mediated transfer. The recent discovery of
A. modesta in the Sea of Japan is suggestive of an introduction, and we tentatively classify it as NIS in the NWP.
828
-------
Alderia modesta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3.7m] [Pref: 0 - 0.2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
0 B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 4.86 -
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble M
Abyssal
Hadal
95.5%] X
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 40psu] [Pref: 25 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
829
-------
Amphithalamus inclusus
Species ID: 14697
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Rissooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Carpenter, 1864
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Barleeiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Californian barley snail
Type Locality: San Diego, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient || Unclassified 11 classification Unidentified
Hawaii NEP
1981 Native
Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The establishment of Amphithalamus inclusus in Hawaii is unknown (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
830
-------
Amphithalamus inclusus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 200m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
831
-------
Assiminea parasitologica
Species ID: 100529
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Rissooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Kuroda, 1953
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Assimineidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2007
Coos Bay, Oregon
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
832
-------
Assiminea parasitologica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 0.01m] [Pref: 0 - 0.01m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 25psu] [Pref: 0 - 25psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
833
-------
Babakina festiva
Species ID: 3377
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Flabellinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Roller, 1972)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Flabellinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Babaina festiva
Synonym
single-stalk aeolis
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1968
Southern California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Assuming that Babakina festiva is native to Japan (CANOD, 2009), we classify it as NIS in the NEP.
Because of the taxonomic uncertainties in identifying these nudibranchs (Gosliner et al, 2007), reports from the
Caribbean, Spain, New Zealand, and Brazil need to be confirmed.
834
-------
Babakina festiva
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 7m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
835
-------
Batillaria attramentaria
Species ID: 1556
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Cerithioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Sowerby, 1855)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Batillariidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Batillaria cumingi
Synonym
Asian hornsnail
Cuming's false cerith
Japanese false cerith
Japanese mud snail
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1924
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The introduced Batillaria attramentaria is competitively displacing the native snail, Cerithidea californica,
in the NEP. McLean (2007) synonymizes B. cumingi with B. attramentaria, though WoRMS lists both as valid species.
836
-------
Batillaria attramentaria
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 0.3m] [Pref: 0 - 0.3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
837
-------
Boonea cincta
Species ID: 15829
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Carpenter, 1864)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyramidellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chrysallida cincta
Odostomia cincta
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981 Native
Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The establishment of Boonea cincta in Hawaii is unknown (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
838
-------
Boonea cincta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 12 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
839
-------
Bostrycapulus calyptraeiformis
Species ID: 170047
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Calyptraeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Deshayes, 1830)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Calyptraeidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bostrycapulus aculeatus in part
Bostrycapulus calyptraeformis
Calyptraea echinus
Crepidula aculeata of authors
Partial synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Misidentified
hoof sheel
Type Locality: Peru?
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1913
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
840
-------
Bostrycapulus calyptraeiformis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
841
-------
Busycotypus canaliculatus
Species ID: 1189
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Buccinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Buccinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Busycon canaliculatum
Fulgur canaliculatus
Murex canaliculatus
Pyrula canaliculatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
channeled whelk
Type Locality: Ad Canadam
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1938
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments:
842
-------
Busycotypus canaliculatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 0 - 28m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
843
-------
Caloria indica
Species ID: 15542
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Aeolidioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bergh, 1896)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Facelinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Learchis indica
Phidiana indica
Synonym
Synonym
Indian nudibranch
Type Locality: India
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1968
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In Hawaii, the introduced Caloria indica feeds on the introduced hydroid, Pennaria tiarella.
844
-------
Caloria indica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
845
-------
Catriona rickettsi
Species ID: 1190
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Fionoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Behrens, 1984
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Tergipedidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Trinchesia sp of Behrens and Tuel, 1977
Synonym
Doc's aeolid
Ricketts' aeolid
Type Locality: Port of Redwood City, San Francisco Bay, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1974
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cohen and Carlton (1995) consider the origin of Catriona rickettsi to be unknown, while CANOD (2009)
lists it as Japan. It is considered aNIS in the NEP based on its recent discovery (1974) in San Francisco and subsequent
discovery in other estuaries. We tentatively classify it as native in Japan though we have no specific locations.
846
-------
Catriona rickettsi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 18m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
847
-------
Cecina manchurica
Species ID: 1557
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Rissooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Adams, 1861
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pomatiopsidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
kubikiregai-modoki
Manchurian cecina
Type Locality: Olga and Vladimir Bays, Manchuria
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1961
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
848
-------
Cecina manchurica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
849
-------
Chrysallida trachis
Species ID: 223399
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dall & Bartsch, 1909)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyramidellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981 Native
Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The establishment of Chrysallida trachis in Hawaii is unknown (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
850
-------
Chrysallida trachis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 12 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
851
-------
Crepidula convexa
Species ID: 1181
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Calyptraeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Say, 1822
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Calyptraeidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Crepidula acuta
Crepidula glauca
Crypta convexa
Crypta glauca
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
:ommon Atlantic slippersnail (Crepidula convexa)
convex slipper shell
slipper shell
Type Locality: Cape May, New Jersey, USA (neotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1898
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
852
-------
Crepidula con vex a
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 7m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 95.07 - 96.55%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - 26psu] [Pref: 20 - 26psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
853
-------
Crepidula fornicata
Species ID: 1559
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Calyptraeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Calyptraeidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Crepidula densata
Crepidula maculata
Crepidula riisei
Crypta densata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
:ommon Atlantic slipper-shell
common Atlantic slippersnail (Crepidula fornicata)
slipper limpet
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1905
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Crepidula fornicata previously reported from Humboldt Bay, California were shown to be C. convexa
based on mtDNA (McGlashan et al, 2008). It is possible that some of the other reports of C. fornicata in the NEP may
actually be C. convexa.
854
-------
Crepidula fornicata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 79m] [Pref: 0 - 49m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 14 - 35.6psu] [Pref: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
855
-------
Crepidula onyx
Species ID: 204
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Calyptraeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Sowerby, 1824
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Calyptraeidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Calyptraea amygdalus Synonym
Crepidula rugosa of Carpenter, 1856; not Anton, 1839 Misidentified
onyx slipper shell
simamenou-funegai
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1968
Loc 1st record: Miura Peninsula, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
2005
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Crepidula onyx is native to central and southern California. It was introduced into Puget Sound, WA in
2005 (Collin et al, 2006). Because reports of C. onyx from Panama south are likely another species, we list it as native
but not established in the southern range, though this requires additional study.
856
-------
Crepidula onyx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 0 - 29m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2.98
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
Abyssal
Hadal
-74.07%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 34psu] [Pref: 32 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
857
-------
Crepidula plana
Species ID: 1182
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Calyptraeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Say, 1822
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Calyptraeidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Crepidula lamina
Crepidula rhyssema
Crepidula triangula
Crypta plana
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Eastern white slipper shell
Type Locality: Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA (neotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1901
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We list Crepidula plana as introduced in the NEP. However, Collin et al. (2006) concluded it is difficult to
verify introductions of C. plana in the NEP because of the difficulty in distinguishing it from native C. perforans, C.
williamsi, C. fimbriata, and C. explanata, as well as "flat white species of Crepidula from other parts of the world."
858
-------
Crepidula plana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 110m] [Pref: 1 - 73m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 30psu] [Pref: 19 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
859
-------
Crucibulum spinosum
Species ID: 4620
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Calyptraeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Sowerby, 1824)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Calyptraeidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Calyptraea spinosa
Crucibulum maculata
Crucibulum peziza
Crucibulum tubifera
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
spiny cup-and-saucer
spiny cup-and-saucer snail
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1946
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Yes
VECTORS
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
860
-------
Crucibulum spinosum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 55m] [Pref: 0 - 8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 8.59 - 89.8%]
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
Hadal
X
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 31 - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
861
-------
Cuthona Columbians
Species ID: 7092
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Fionoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (O'Donoghue, 1922)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Tergipedidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amphorina columbiana
Catriona alpha
Catriona columbiana
Cuthona alpha
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
British Columbia aeolid.
red-tentacled cuthona
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1997
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
862
-------
Cuthona Columbians
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
863
-------
Cuthona perca
Species ID: 1192
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Fionoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Marcus, 1958)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Tergipedidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Catriona perca
Cuthona reflexa
Trinchesia perca
Trinchesia sp. of Carlton, 1979
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Lake Merritt cuthona
Type Locality: Brazil
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1992
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1972
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1967
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In the NEP, Cuthona perca has only been reported from Lake Merritt, a lagoon of the San Francisco
Estuary. Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider C. perca native to the NWA, though USGS NAS and NEMESIS list it as
introduced in Florida and Chesapeake Bay. We list these as conflicts and the West Tropical Atlantic as unclassified.
864
-------
Cuthona perca
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
865
-------
Diodora rueppellii
Species ID: 15578
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Fissurelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Sowerby, 1835)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Fissurellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Diodorinae
Common Names:
Capiluna ruepellii
Diodora ruppelli
Diodora ruppellii
Fissurella ruppelli
Synonym
Misspelling
Misspelling
Synonym
Ruppell's keyhole limpet
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1962
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
866
-------
Diodora rueppellii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 70m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
867
-------
Evalea cf. americana
Species ID: 101887
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyramidellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Odostomia cf. americana
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981 Native
Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider Evalea cf. americana native to the NEP. Its establishment in Hawaii
is unknown.
868
-------
Evalea cf. americana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 12 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
869
-------
Folinella navisa
Species ID: 15830
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dall & Bartsch, 1907)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyramidellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ivadella navisa
Ividella navisa
Odostomia navisa
Odostomia (Ividella) navisa
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981 Native
Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) list Ividella navisa is a NEP species introduced to Hawaii, though its
establishment status is unknown. However, WoRMS lists I. navisa as a synonym of Folinella navisa, which has been
reported from the Gulf of Mexico (Rosenberg et al., 2009). The Gulf of Mexico record needs to be verified (Malacolog).
870
-------
Folinella navisa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 12 - 93m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
871
-------
Haliotis fulgens
Species ID: 5309
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Haliotoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Philippi, 1845
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haliotidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
blue abalone
green abalone
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Date 1st record: mid-1980s
Loc 1st record: Dalian, China
Established: Yes
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Haliotis fulgens is listed as a species of concern in Southern California. It was introduced into the Yellow
Sea in the 1980s and is considered to have established wild populations.
872
-------
Haliotis fulgens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 18m] [Pref: 2 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
873
-------
Haliotis iris
Species ID: 100719
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Haliotoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gmelin, 1791
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haliotidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Haliotis (Paua) iris
Convention
rainbow abalone
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1990s - 2000
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea?
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chavanich et al. (2010) report the purposeful introduction of the New Zealand abalone, Haliotis iris, into
China while Seo and Lee (2008) report it as introduced into Korea. Though neither paper gives any specific locations,
we assume that the introduced locations include the Yellow Sea.
874
-------
Haliotis iris
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
875
-------
Haliotis kamtschatkana
Species ID: 8819
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Haliotoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Jonas, 1845
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haliotidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
pinto abalone
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1932
Loc 1st record: Japan and Korea
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Iwasaki (2006) states that Haliotis kamtschatkana was first reported in Japanese waters in the 1980s.
However, Nomura (1932) reports it from beach deposits in Japan and living populations in "Northern to Western Japan.
Korea. Japan Sea. Kamtchatka." We list the NWP as a conflict, with the possibility of both native and introduced
populations. 876
-------
Haliotis kamtschatkana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 12 - 17m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
877
-------
Haliotis laevigata
Species ID: 100716
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Haliotoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Donovan, 1808
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haliotidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Haliotis albicans
Haliotis excisa
Haliotis glabra
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
greenlip abalone
green-lip Abalone
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Korea
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Australian abalone, Haliotis laevigata, was introduced into southern China presumably for aquaculture.
Seo and Lee (2008) also report it as introduced into Korea though no specific locations are given. It is not known
whether it is established in the wild in southern China or the NWP in general.
878
-------
Haliotis laevigata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 10 - 30m] [Pref: 10 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
879
-------
Haliotis rufescens
Species ID: 4600
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Haliotoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Swainson, 1822
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haliotidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
red abalone (Haliotis rufescens)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Date 1st record: mid-1980s
Loc 1st record: Dalian, China
Established: Yes
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Iwasaki (2006) states that Haliotis rufescens was first introduced into Japan in 1966, though no specific
locations are given. UNDP/GEF (2007) reports it from Dalian, China in the mid-1980s.
880
-------
Haliotis rufescens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 80m] [Pref: 6 - 17m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
881
-------
Haliotis tuberculata
Species ID: 220164
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Haliotoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Haliotidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Haliotus tuberculata
Misspelling
green ormer
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1980s
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Iwasaki (2006) Haliotis tuberculata was introduced into Japan, though no specific sites were
given and it is not known if it has become established in the wild. According to Wo RMS, H. tuberculata occurs in
Europe but is absent from British and Irish mainlands.
882
-------
Haliotis tuberculata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
883
-------
Haminoea japonica
Species ID: 10174
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Cephalaspidea
Superfamily: Haminoeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Pilsbry, 1895
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder:
Family: Haminoeidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
?Haloa rotundata
Haloa japonica
Haminea binotata var. japonica
Haminoea callidegenita
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Nemoto, Boshiu, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1985
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
884
-------
Haminoea japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP X
LP-B X
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
885
-------
llyanassa obsoleta
Species ID: 1183
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Buccinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Say, 1822)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nassariidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nassa obsoleta
Nassarius obsoletus
Synonym
Synonym
Eastern mud nassa
Eastern mudsnail
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1907
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
X
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
886
-------
llyanassa obsoleta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 13m] [Pref: 0 - 0.2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 90 - 90%] X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 32psu] [Pref: 28 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
887
-------
lolaea eucosmia
Species ID: 223400
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Dall & Bartsch, 1909
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyramidellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Odostomia eucosmia
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981 Native
Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
888
-------
lolaea eucosmia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 4.7 - 12m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: - 76%] X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
889
-------
Laguncula pulchella
Species ID: 220067
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Naticoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Benson, 1842
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Naticidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Polinicinae
Common Names:
Euspira fortune!
Natica fortunei
Natica gilva
Natica tenuis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: late 1980s
Loc 1st record: Shizuoka, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Laguncula pulchella (=Euspira fortunei) is native to southern Japan, Korea and China but since 1999 it has
occurred in northern Japan following the introduction of imported seed of Venerupis philippinarum (= Ruditapes
philippinarum) from China or Korea.
890
-------
Laguncula pulchella
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
891
-------
Littoridinops monroensis
Species ID: 100525
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Rissooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Frauenfeld, 1863)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Hydrobiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amnicola forsythi
Amnicola oscitans
Bythinella monroensis
Hydrobia monroensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
cockscomb hydrobe
Type Locality: Lake Monroe, Volusia County, Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1999
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
892
-------
Littoridinops monroensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m] [Pref: 0 - 0.25m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 24psu] [Pref: 13.9 - 17.9psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
893
-------
Littorina littorea
Species ID: 1542
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Littorinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Littorinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Littorina (Littorina) littorea
Turbo littoreus
Convention
Synonym
common periwinkle
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NWP
Date 1st record: 1970
Loc 1st record: Enoshima, Japan
Established: Unknown
Hawaii
NEP
1937
Puget Sound, WA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Littorina littorea has been found on several occasions in the San Francisco Estuary, though it is not known
whether they have established a reproducing population there or in the NEP in general.
894
-------
Littorina littorea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 32psu] [Pref: 25 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
X
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
895
-------
Littorina saxatilis
Species ID: 1194
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Littorinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Olivi, 1792)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Littorinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Littorina castanea Deshayes in Deshayes & Milne Edwards,
Littorina neglecta
Littorina rudis
Littorina tenebrosa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Northern rough periwinkle
rough periwinkle
Type Locality: Venice, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Reports of the Atlantic Littorina saxatilis in Puget Sound, Washington need to be confirmed
896
-------
Littorina saxatilis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2.8m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 33.4psu] [Pref: 24.6 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
897
-------
Melanoides tuberculata
Species ID: 1184
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Cerithioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Miiller, 1774)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Thiaridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Melanoides tuberculatus
Nerita tuberculata
Thiara (Melanoides) tuberculata
Thiara tuberculata
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
red-rim melania
Type Locality: Coromandel coast of India
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1994
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1972
Riverside County, California
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Melanoides tuberculata is a freshwater snail though it may extend into estuarine waters. It is thought to be
native to East Africa, Middle East, south-east Asian mainland, and northern Australia. It is introduced in the NEP
(CANOD, 2009), Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009), and Japan (Mito and Uesugi, 2004).
898
-------
Melanoides tuberculata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 2.5 - 22m] [Pref: - 2.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 33psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
899
-------
Myosotella myosotis
Species ID: 1195
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Ellobioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Draparnaud, 1801)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Pulmonata
Suborder:
Family: Ellobiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Alexia myosotis
Auricula myosotis
Melampus myostis
Ovatella myosotis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
European ovatella
mouse-ear marshsnail
mouse-ear ovatella
salt marsh snail
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1871
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
900
-------
Myosotella myosotis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 67 - 93%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 31psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
901
-------
Nassarius fraterculus
Species ID: 1560
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Buccinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bunker, 1860)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nassariidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hima fratercula
Hima fraterculus
Synonym
Convention
Nassa fraterculus Synonym
Nassa hypolia Synonym
Japanese nassa
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1959
Boundary Bay, Puget Sound
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
902
-------
Nassarius fraterculus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
PAR
SA
PP
TROPHIC
LEVEL
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF FEE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
903
-------
Nassarius sinarus
Species ID: 3011995
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Buccinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Philippi, 1851)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nassariidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Buccinum sinarum
Mitrella martensi of NWP authors
Nassa semiplicata
Nassarius (Tritonella) semiplicatus
Synonym
Misidentified
Synonym
Synonym
Kara-mushiro
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 2000
Loc 1st record: Ariake Inland Sea, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Nassarius sinarus is native to China and Korea. It was introduced into eastern Japan with the importation of
the clam Venerupis philippinarum (= Ruditapes philippinarum).
904
-------
Nassarius sinarus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
PAR
SA
PP
TROPHIC
LEVEL
H P S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF FEE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
905
-------
Ocenebra inornata
Species ID: 1558
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Muricoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Recluz, 1851)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Muricidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ocenebrinae
Common Names:
Ceratostoma inornatum
Ocenebra j aponica
Ocinebrellus inornatus
Ocinebrina inornata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Asian drill
Japanese dwarf triton
Japanese oyster drill
Japanese rocksnail
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1924
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
906
-------
Ocenebra inornata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 19 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
907
-------
Odetta bisuturalis
Species ID: 1188
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Say, 1812)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyramidellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Boonea bisuturalis
Menestho bisuturalis
Odostomia bisuturalis
Turritella bisuturalis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
two-groove odostome
Type Locality: Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1962
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Odetta bisuturalis (= Boonea bisuturalis) is an ectoparasite of the Atlantic oyster, Crassostrea virginica, and
several other bivalves and gastropods. McLean (2007) lists Odetta bisuturalis as the valid name while WoRMS lists
Boonea bisuturalis as the valid name.
908
-------
Odetta bisuturalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 13.4m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 91 - 91%] X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 16 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
X
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
909
-------
Okenia eolida
Species ID: 1185
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Onchidoridoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Baba, 1960
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Euctenidiacea
Family: Goniodorididae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Doridacea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Doris eolida
Okenia plana
Ambiguous syn.
Synonym
flat okenia
Type Locality: Toba, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1950s collections
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
910
-------
Okenia eolida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 28.7m] [Pref: 0 - 12m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2.81 -
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble M
Abyssal
Hadal
2.81%] X
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 32.55 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
911
-------
Okenia pellucida
Species ID: 122840
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Onchidoridoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Burn,1967
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Euctenidiacea
Family: Goniodorididae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Doridacea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Sydney Harbour, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1972
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The nudibranch Okenia pellucida is associated with the bryozoan, Zoobotryon verticillatum, on which it
feeds and lays its egg masses. Carlton and Eldredge (2009) classify it as introduced in Hawai'i while Paulay (2011)
considers it is cryptogenic because it is common in natural habitats. We classify this as a conflict.
912
-------
Okenia pellucida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
913
-------
Peristichia pedroana
Species ID: 15212
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order:
Superfamily: Pyramidelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dall & Bartsch, 1909)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyramidellidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Peristichia pedoroana
Misspelling
Type Locality: San Pedro, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1981 Native
Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The establishmen of Peristichia pedroana in Hawaii is unknown (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
914
-------
Peristichia pedroana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 11 - 27m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
915
-------
Phi line auriform is
Species ID: 637
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Cephalaspidea
Superfamily: Philinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Suter, 1909
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder:
Family: Philinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Philine auriformis? of Rudman, 1998
Synonym
ear-shaped Philine
tortellini snail
Type Locality: New Zealand
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1992
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Rudman (1998) concluded that the "Philine auriformis" from California is not Philine auriformis. However,
Behrens (2004) and Behrens and Hermosillo (2005) list P. auriformis as a valid species for the NEP. While recognizing
the uncertainty, we list P. auriformis as introduced in the NEP.
916
-------
Philine auriformis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 305m] [Pref: 0 - 61m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
O
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Fines: 3 -93%] X
Cobble
O
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29.89 - 33.58psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
917
-------
Philine orientalis
Species ID: 3382
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Cephalaspidea
Superfamily: Philinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Adams, 1854
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder:
Family: Philinidae
Philine japonica
Philine orientalis? of Rudman, 1998
Philine sp. of Ruiz et al., 2000 in part?
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/29/2012 4:57:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
1993
Bodega Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Price et al. (2011) synonomized Philine japonica, P. argentata, and P. striatella with P. orientalis. P.
orientalis is native to the NWP and Central Indo-Pacific, and has been introduced into central California.
918
-------
Philine orientalis
Print Date: 9/29/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 684m] [Pref: 0 - 24m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
919
-------
Phyllodesmium poindimiei
Species ID: 170048
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Aeolidioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Risbec, 1928)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Facelinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aeolidia poindimiei
Phyllodesmium poindimieri
Synonym
Misspelling
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1995
Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Paulay (2011), the assumption of a nonindigenous status for Phyllodesmium poindimiei in
Hawaii by Carlton and Eldredge (2009) is challenged by its host (Carijoa riisei) turning out to be potentially native
rather than introduced. Thus, we list this as a conflict in Hawaii.
920
-------
Phyllodesmium poindimiei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
921
-------
Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Species ID: 700
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Rissooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gray, 1843)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Hydrobiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amnicola antipodarum
Hy drobia j enkinsi
Potamopyrgus j enkinsi
Potamopyrgus jenkinsii
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misspelling
Jenkin spire shell
New Zealand mudsnail
Type Locality: New Zealand
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1980s
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1995 (estuarine occurrence)
Columbia River, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
X
SF
HR
O
Comments: While usually found in freshwater the New Zealand mudsnail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, also occurs in
estuarine habitats.
922
-------
Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 1 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
P
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.07 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
O
Cobble M
Abyssal
Hadal
89.05%] X
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - 26.4psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
X
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
923
-------
Pyrgophorus coronatus
Species ID: 170045
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Rissooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Pfeiffer, 1840)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Hydrobiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1998
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pyrgophorus coronatus is primarily a freshwater species, though it can occur in low salinity regions of
estuaries.
924
-------
Pyrgophorus coronatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 9psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
925
-------
Sakuraeolis enosimensis
Species ID: 1196
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Aeolidioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Baba, 1930)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Facelinidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hervia ceylonica
Synonym
Enosima aeolid
white-tentacle Japanese aeolis
white-tentacled Japanese aeolis
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1972
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
926
-------
Sakuraeolis enosimensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 12m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
927
-------
Stenothyra sp. (Tamaki et al., 2002)
Species ID: 3011994
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Rissooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Hydrobiidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Torai-mizugomatsubo
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1997
Loc 1st record: Osaka Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Stenothyra sp. (Tamaki et al., 2002) is a hydrobiid snail that invaded the tide flats of the Ariake Inland Sea
in Japan. It is thought to be an undescribed species from Korea (Fukuda, 2004) and may have been introduced along
with seed clams of Venerupis philippinarum (= Ruditapes philippinarum) from Korea and China.
928
-------
Stenothyra sp. (Tamaki et a/., 2002)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4m] [Pref: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
929
-------
Tarebia granifera
Species ID: 122838
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Cerithioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lamarck, 1822)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Thiaridae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Melania mauiensis
Synonym
quilted melania
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1856
Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Tarebia granifera is a primarily a freshwater snail, though it can survive in salinities as high as 30 psu.
Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider the Indo-Pacific region as the probable native region.
930
-------
Tarebia granifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 30psu] [Pref: 0 - 3psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
931
-------
Tenellia adspersa
Species ID: 1186
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Nudibranchia
Superfamily: Fionoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Nordmann, 1845)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Opisthobranchia
Suborder: Dexiarchia
Family: Tergipedidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder: Aeolidida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Embletonia pallida
Eolis ventilabrum
Tenellia pallida
Tergipes adspersus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
lagoon sea slug
miniature aeolis
spotted aeolid
Type Locality: Black Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1995
Loc 1st record: Vladivostok, Russia
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1953
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Tenellia adspersa occurs in the Mediterranean Sea and in the Baltic Sea at salinities as low as 1 psu.
932
-------
Tenellia adspersa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 58m] [Pref: 0 - 34m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - SOpsu] [Pref: 5.3 - 18psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
X
LP-P X X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
933
-------
Thylaeodus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170046
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Vermetoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Vermetidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Thylaeodus (?) sp. of (Carlton and Eldredge (2009)
Synonym
Hadfield's vermetid
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1970
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) hypothesize that the Thylaeodus sp. in Hawaii is from the Atlantic, and may
be T. rugulosus. Accordingly, we assume that this species is not native to the Pacific, and show the distribution of T.
rugulosus in the Atlantic as a possible native range.
934
-------
Thylaeodus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
935
-------
Umbonium thomasi
Species ID: 101254
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Vetigastropoda
Order:
Superfamily: Trochoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Crosse, 1863)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Trochidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Umboniinae
Common Names:
Umbonium (Umbonium) thomasi
Convention
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: <2004
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Umbonium thomasi, is considered endemic to the Yellow Sea (Shin and Je, 2008) but introduced in Japan
(Mito and Uesugi, 2004). However, it was listed as occurring in Hakodate, Japan in Pilsbry (1895). We tentatively list it
as native in the Yellow Sea and Northeastern Honshu Ecoregions and introduced in the Sea of Japan.
936
-------
Umbonium thomasi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 25m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
937
-------
Urosalpinx cinerea
Species ID: 1187
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Neogastropoda
Superfamily: Muricoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Say, 1822)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Muricidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Ocenebrinae
Common Names:
Buccinum cinerea
Buccinum plicosum of Gould, 1 84 1
Fusus cinereus
Trophon cinerea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Atlantic oyster drill
Type Locality: Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1890
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Mito and Uesugi (2004) list Urosalpinx cinerea as an established alien species in Japan; however, we are
not aware of the specific ecoregion(s) invaded.
938
-------
Urosalpinx cinerea
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 25m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 48.39 - 58.71%] X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 11 - 36psu] [Pref: 12.5 - 26.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
939
-------
Vermetus alii
Species ID: 123451
Taxon: Gastropod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum:
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Vermetoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hadfield & Kay, 1972
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Vermetidae
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eualetes tulipa of Hawaiian authors
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:28:24 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1972
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Vermetus alii is likely either from the Caribbean or from the subtropical Eastern Pacific (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009). It may be a synonym of Eualetes tulipa, which occurs in the Eastern Pacific and Western Atlantic.
940
-------
Vermetus alii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
941
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Leptostraca
942
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
943
-------
Nebalia sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Species ID: 1106
Taxon: Lepostracean
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Phyllocarida
Order: Nebaliacea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nebaliidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Leptostraca
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Epinebalia sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Epinebalia sp. A LSM4
Epinebalia sp. of Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Nebalia sp. (Cohen and Carlton 1995)
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:10:56 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1992
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: An unidentified Nebalia (=Epinebalia) found in the San Francisco Estuary in 1992 is considered
introduced. However, its establishment is uncertain.
944
-------
Nebalia sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC
PAR
SA
PP
H P
LEVEL
S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
945
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Order: Amphipoda
946
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
947
-------
Ampelisca abdita
Species ID: 877
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mills, 1964
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Ampeliscidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ampelisca milleri of NEP authors; not Barnard, 1954
Photis californica of authors in part
Misidentified
Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1954
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
948
-------
Ampelisca abdita
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 60m] [Pref: 0 - 27m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
O
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 0 - 100%] [Pref % Fines: - 15.6%]
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble M
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 4.5 - 35psu] [Pref: 10 - 25psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
949
-------
Ampithoe lacertosa
Species ID: 45
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bate, 1858
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Ampithoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ampithoe japonica
Ampithoe macraras
Ampithoe scitulus
Dexamine scitulus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1954
Oregon, USA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chapman (2009) considers Ampithoe lacertosa introduced in the NEP because it only occurs on artificial
substrata and introduced algae, and its abundance in Japan. He considers it is "probably" native to Asia. CANOD
(2009) suggests it is "likely a native of NEP introduced to Japan." We tentatively use Chapman's classifications.
950
-------
Ampithoe lacertosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 24m] [Pref: 0 - llm]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 5.67
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
Abyssal
Hadal
-96.42%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
O
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 33.25psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
951
-------
Ampithoe longimana
Species ID: 3354
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Smith, 1873
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Ampithoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1949
Newport Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ampithoe longimana may receive protection from predators by accumulating toxins from algae it ingests
(Hayetal., 1990).
952
-------
Ampithoe longimana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 38m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 51.73 - 57.58%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 35psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
953
-------
Ampithoe sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Species ID: 3355
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Ampithoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993-1994
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: "These Ampithoe appear genetically distinct from A. lacertosa and A. valida on the [U.S. Pacific] coast
(John Darling) but this has not been followed through" (Chapman, 2009).
954
-------
Ampithoe sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
955
-------
Ampithoe valida
Species ID: 48
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Smith, 1873
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Ampithoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ampithoe shimizuensis
Ampithoe valida shimizuensis
Synonym
Convention
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1941
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ampithoe valida is likely an Atlantic species that has been introduced into the Pacific (Chapman, 2007,
Pilgram and Darling, 2010). However, Doi et al. (2001) classify it as cryptogenic in Japan since they state that its
presence in Japan has not been verified.
956
-------
Ampithoe valida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.7 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
96.33%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 24 - 35.5psu] [Pref: 29 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
957
-------
Aoroides secundus
Species ID: 3550
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gurjanova, 1938
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Aoridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aora secunda
Aoroides secunda
Synonym
Convention
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1998
Southern California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
958
-------
Aoroides secundus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3.4m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 25.01 - 26%]
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Hadal
X
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 32.3 - 32.3psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
959
-------
Caprella danilevskii
Species ID: 170032
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Czerniavskii, 1898
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Caprellidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Black Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1921
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: First described in the Black Sea, the native region of Caprella danilevskii is unknown. It has been found on
a wide range of biotic substrates, including Sargassum. It has also been found on muddy substrates as deep as 2120 m in
the Gulf of Mexico, perhaps due to sediment transport and turbidity currents (Winfield et al., 2006).
960
-------
Caprella danilevskii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2120m] [Pref: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 30psu] [Pref: 25 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
961
-------
Caprella drepanochir
Species ID: 126
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mayer, 1890
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Caprellidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: "Reise von China nach der Amurmiindung"
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1999
Humboldt Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Watling and Carlton (2007) consider Caprella drepanochir as "probably introduced in ship fouling from
Japan" in Coos Bay, though it appears to be native in Alaska. However, the taxonomy is uncertain (Chapman, pers.
com.) and more detailed studies on its distribution along the NEP coast are needed.
962
-------
Caprella drepanochir
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 330m] [Pref: 1 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2.78
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-90.36%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 26.6 - 32.9psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
963
-------
Caprella equilibra
Species ID: 1262
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Say, 1818
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Caprellidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Caprella aequilibra
Caprella esmarckii
Caprella januarii
Caprella laticornis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: South Carolina, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1890
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1944
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Caprella equilibra likely consists of multiple species and its native range is unknown. However, Watling
and Carlton (2007) suggest that at least part of its wide distribution "is doubtless due to transport on ship fouling." We
use regional classifications when available and extrapolate those to province and or regional scales.
964
-------
Caprella equilibra
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3700m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2.05
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-71.8%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 36psu] [Pref: - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
965
-------
Caprella mutica
Species ID: 1130
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Schurin, 1935
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily: Caprellinae
Common Names:
Caprella acanthogaster of NEP authors
Caprella cf acanthogaster of NEP authors
Caprella macho
Misidentified
Misidentified
Synonym
Japanese skeleton shrimp
Type Locality: Patrokl Bight, Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1973
Humboldt Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
966
-------
Caprella mutica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 33m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 9.26
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-15.44%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
P
CA
K
P
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 11 - 35psu] [Pref: 20 - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
967
-------
Caprella penantis
Species ID: 904
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Leach, 1814
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Caprellidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Caprella (Rostrhicephala) penantis
Caprella acutifrons Latreille, 1816
Caprella neglecta
Caprella neglecta barbigra
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Devonshire Coast, England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: ca. 1890?
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1921
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Caprella penantis likely consists of multiple species and its native range is unknown. Therefore, we use
regional classifications when available and list it as unclassified elsewhere.
968
-------
Caprella penantis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 562m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 35psu] [Pref: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
969
-------
Caprella scaura
Species ID: 2326
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Templeton, 1836
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily: Caprellinae
Common Names:
Caprella (Spinicephala) scaura diceros
Caprella (Spinicephala) scaura hamata
Caprella (Spinicephala) scaura typica
Caprella attenuata
Convention
Convention
Convention
Synonym
Type Locality: Riviere Noire, Mauritius (Indian Ocean)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1875
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1929
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1978
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Caprella scaura s.s. may be the western Indian Ocean (Martinez and Adarraga, 2008);
though global reports likely represent a species complex (Ashton, 2010). We use regional classifications when
available, including an introduced status for the estuarine populations in the NEP (Watling and Carlton, 2007).
970
-------
Caprella scaura
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 17m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs:29-psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
971
-------
Caprella simia
Species ID: 3554
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mayer, 1903
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Caprellidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Caprella tateyamensis
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Long Beach Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
972
-------
Caprella simia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
O
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 16.4 - 34.5psu] [Pref: 31.5 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
973
-------
Centromedon pumilus
Species ID: 2011630
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Lysianassoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lilljeborg, 1865)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Uristidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Centromedon pumilis
Misspelling
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1994
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Centromedon pumilus is widely distributed in the North Atlantic and Arctic. It has been reported from the
Sea of Okhotsk and from a single sample in the Sea of Japan. We tentatively list it as introduced in the Sea of Japan
based on Zvyagintsev et al. (2011), though it is possible that its occurrence there represents a southern transient event.
974
-------
Centromedon pumilus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 403m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep 0
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
975
-------
Cheiriphotis megacheles
Species ID: 100320
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Giles, 1885)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily: Protomedeiinae
Common Names:
Eurystheus monuropus
Melita megacheles
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chapman (2009) considers Cheiriphotis megacheles a likely introduction in the Eastern Pacific while
Chapman (2007) and CANOD (2009) classifiy it as cryptogenic and consider it a possible species complex. We treat
this as a conflict, and consider it unclassified in South Africa and cryptogenic in Brazil.
976
-------
Cheiriphotis megacheles
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
X
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 110m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 35psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
977
-------
Chelura terebrans
Species ID: 1103
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Cheluroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Philippi, 1839
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Cheluridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Trieste, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1948
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The amphipod Chelura terebrans lives in Limnoria burrows in wood. As with Limnoria, the native range of
C. terebrans is unknown, though it is has been classified as nonindigenous in certain regions based on the date of its
discovery.
978
-------
Chelura terebrans
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1103m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 79.7
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-79.7%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 40psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
X
N
X
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
979
-------
Corophium alienense
Species ID: 1088
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Chapman, 1988
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corophium sp. of Carlton 1979
Sinocorophium alienense
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: San Francisco Estuary, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1986
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chapman (2007) states that Corophium alienense was introduced into the San Francisco Estuary from Asia
during the Vietnam War. We assume that the native region includes both the Gulf of Tonkin and Southern Vietnam
Ecoregions.
980
-------
Corophium alienense
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 64m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 48.39 - 99.5%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 6 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
981
-------
Corophium heteroceratum
Species ID: 775
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yu, 1938
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corophium (Sinocorophium) heteroceratum
Sinocorophium cf heteroceratum
Sinocorophium heteroceratum
Convention
Convention
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1986
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
982
-------
Corophium heteroceratum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs %
Mud
Sand
I
O
Vlix. Fines
O
Gravel
Fines: 2.6 - 93.57%] X
Cobble
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 20 - 33.27psu] [Pref: 20 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
983
-------
Elasmopus rapax
Species ID: 936
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Costa, 1853
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Maeridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Elasmopus 'rapax' of Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1937
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Though it may represent a species complex, it is tentatively considered native in the north Atlantic and
introduced in Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009), the NEP (Chapman, 2007), and Australia (Sliwa et al., 2009). We
treat it as introduced in the Pacific and Indan Ocean and unclassified in the Caribbean.
984
-------
Elasmopus rapax
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 419m] [Pref: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 29.3 - 35psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
985
-------
Eochelidium sp. A (Chapman, 2007)
Species ID: 3359
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cadien, 1996
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Oedicerotidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eochelidium cf. miraculum
Eochelidium miraculum of NEP authors
Eochelidium sp. A (SCAMIT)
Eochelidium sp. cf. E. miraculum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
Long Beach Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The identify of the Eochelidium species in the NEP is unclear, however, the genus Eochelidium only occurs
in the Western Pacific, and thus was likely introduced from Japan or Korea. We include the various provisional
Eochelidium species reported in the NEP under this name.
986
-------
Eochelidium sp. A (Chapman, 2007)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
987
-------
Ericthonius brasiliensis
Species ID: 277
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dana, 1853)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Ischyroceridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cerapus brasiliensis
Ericthonius rapax
Pyctilus brasiliensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: North Atlantic
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In the NEP, the harbor and open-coast populations of Ericthonius brasiliensis likely represent different
species, with the harbor species likely introduced (Chapman, 2007). It is considered an invader in Hawaii, Central
Polynesia, and South Africa. In other regions, we list it as unclassified.
988
-------
Ericthonius brasiliensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
X
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 300m] [Pref: 1 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.8 -
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
96.3%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 28 - 39.42psu] [Pref: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
989
-------
Gammarus daiberi
Species ID: 1090
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bousfield, 1969
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Gammaridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lagunogammaras setosus of NEP authors in part
Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1983
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Gammarus daiberi is native to the NWA, but it is considered introduced into the Hudson River in New
York (USGS - NAS; Mills et al., 1996). It is benthic and semi-pelagic. In freshwater portions of the San Francisco
Estuary, G. daiberi was abundant on both hyacinth and pennywort.
990
-------
Gammarus daiberi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m] [Pref: 0.5 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 30psu] [Pref: 0.5 - 5psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
991
-------
Gammarus mucronatus
Species ID: 14405
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Say, 1818)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Gammaridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Carinogammaras mucronatus
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1957
Salton Sea, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: The amphipod Gammarus mucronatus is native to the estuaries and coastal ecosystems of the NWA. It has
been introduced into the Salton Sea in California, an inland saline lake. It has not invaded the estuaries of the NEP, but
we include it here to help identify potential coastal invaders.
992
-------
Gammarus mucronatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 4 - 65psu] [Pref: 5 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
993
-------
Grandidierella bispinosa
Species ID: 122845
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Schellenberg, 1938
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Aoridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Ralum, Bismarck Archipelago
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
994
-------
Grandidierella bispinosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 100m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
995
-------
Grandidierella japonica
Species ID: 356
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Stephenson, 1938
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Aoridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1992
Kaneohe, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1966
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
996
-------
Grandidierella japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 0 - 100%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
P
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 4.2 - 40psu] [Pref: 10 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
997
-------
Incisocalliope derzhavini
Species ID: 1098
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gurjanova, 1938)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Pleustidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Incisocalliope nipponensis
Neopleustes derzhavini of authors in part
Parapleustes derzhavini
Parapleustes derzhavini makiki
Synonym
Partial synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1967
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1904
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
998
-------
Incisocalliope derzhavini
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
o
M
W
CA
O
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 6 - 33psu] [Pref: - 31psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
999
-------
Jassa falcata
Species ID: 3461
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Montagu, 1808)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Ischyroceridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cancer (Gammarus) falcatus
Synonym
Scud
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1997
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1987
Northern California
No
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Chapman (2009), "Jassa falcata was the default name given to most Jassa of the world until
the work of Conlan (1990). Jassa falcata is presently recognized only in European harbors, but not clearly absent
elsewhere." Therefore, we classify it as native in Europe, NIS in Hawaii, and unclassified elsewhere.
1000
-------
Jassa falcata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 24 - 35psu] [Pref: 26 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1001
-------
Jassa marmorata
Species ID: 1091
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Holmes, 1903
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Ischyroceridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Jassa falcata of authors in part; not (Montagu, 1808)
Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1930s?
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1938
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Extreme broad distribution of Jassa marmorata limits confidence of its origin, such as the north Atlantic
(Chapman, 2009), its putative native range. Genetic analysis by Pilgrim and Darling (2010) suggests that J. marmorata
may consist of more than one species. The depth records >30 m are from the Arctic.
1002
-------
Jassa marmorata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4337m] [Pref: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 85.1
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-85.1%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 35psu] [Pref: 24 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1003
-------
Jassa slatteryi
Species ID: 964
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Conlan, 1990
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Ischyroceridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Jassa falcata of NEP authors; not (Montagu, 1808)
Podocerus odontonyx
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality: Moss Landing Harbor, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The global distribution of Jassa slatteryi is unclear. Doe et al. (2011) suggest it is native in the NEP. It is
considered introduced in Japan (Doe et al., 2011) and South Africa (Mead et al., 2011) and cryptogenic in the NEP
(CANOD, 2009) and Australia/New Zealand and the North and South Atlantic (Chapman, 2009).
1004
-------
Jassa slatteryi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
O
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 5.28 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble M
Abyssal
Hadal
63.61%] X
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 30.4 - 39.42psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1005
-------
Laticorophium baconi
Species ID: 1064
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Shoemaker, 1934)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily: Corophiinae
Common Names:
Corophium baconi
Synonym
Type Locality: north of Paita, Peru
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: <1997
Loc 1st record: Sea of Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
laassSon [
Hawaii
1967
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Chapman (2009), Laticorophium baconi is "likely [an] eastern Pacific species introduced
elsewhere but hard to believe all the records are correct." Assuming it is native to the NEP, we classify it as introduced
in the Atlantic and the NWP while NIMPIS (2009) classifies it as introduced in Australia.
1006
-------
Laticorophium baconi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 452m] [Pref: 0 - 55m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 3.41
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-49.97%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1007
-------
Leucothoe micronesiae
Species ID: 122846
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Barnard, 1965
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Leucothoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Ifaluk Atoll, Caroline Islands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1997
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1008
-------
Leucothoe micronesiae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 670m] [Pref: 3 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1009
-------
Leucothoe spinicarpa Cmplx
Species ID: 2311
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Abildgaard, 1789)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Leucothoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gammaras spinicarpus
Leucothoe (Leucothoe) spinicarpa
Leucothoe grandimanus
Leucothoe spinicarpa
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality: Skagerrak Sea, Denmark
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The commensal Leucothoe spinicarpa is a species complex. Nonetheless Chapman (2007) lists it as NIS in
the NEP because it is limited to introduced tunicates. Doi et al. (2011) and Chavanich et al. (2010) list it as cryptogenic
in Japan and NIS in Thailand, respectively. Because of the uncertainties, we list it unclassified in other regions.
1010
-------
Leucothoe spinicarpa Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1505m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
X
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1011
-------
Liljeborgia sp. (Cohen etal., 2002)
Species ID: 3551
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Liljeborgiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Southern California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In 2000, an unidentified Liljeborgia was reported from several estuaries in Southern California (Cohen et
al., 2002). Though not presently identified, it was unlikely to have been overlooked in previous amphipod surveys and
thus appears to be a recent arrival. It is similar to L. geminata (Chapman 2007).
1012
-------
Liljeborgia sp. (Cohen et a/., 2002)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 9m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 34 - 35.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1013
-------
Melita nitida
Species ID: 496
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Smith, 1873
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Melitidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Melita cf. nitida
Melita setiflagella? of Sytsma et al, 2004
Melita setiflagellata
Ambiguous syn.
Synonym
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1938
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The global classification of Melita nitida assumes it is native to the NWA (Chapman, 2007). However, M.
nitida is "indistinguishable from the Asian Melita setiflagellata" (Chapman, 2007), and Doi et al. (2011) list it as
cryptogenic in the NWP. Because of this uncertainty, we list it as cryptogenic in the NWP, using the distribution for
M. setiflagellata. 1014
-------
Melita nitida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.8 -
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
47%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
P
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 30psu] [Pref: 3 - 20psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1015
-------
Melita rylovae
Species ID: 14460
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bulycheva, 1955
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Melitidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Melita sp. of Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Melita rylovae was found in ballast water in Australia (Williams et al, 1988) but we are unaware of any
reports of it from the wild in Australia. Chapman (2007) lists it as native to Asia though the 2009 PICES rapid
assessment in Korea listed it as cryptogenic (PICES Working Group 21, 2009).
1016
-------
Melita rylovae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 10m] [Pref: 1 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1017
-------
Metopella sp. (Cohen et a/., 2002)
Species ID: 3552
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Stenothoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Long Beach, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: An unknown Metopella species was found in a grabs in Southern California harbors in 2000 as part of a
rapid assessment survey (Cohen et al, 2002).
1018
-------
Metopella sp. (Cohen et a/., 2002)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1.5 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 34 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1019
-------
Microdeutopus gryllotalpa
Species ID: 4971
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Costa, 1853
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Aoridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Microdeuteropus minax
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1980s
Humboldt Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1020
-------
Microdeutopus gryllotalpa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 155m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 47psu] [Pref: 26 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1021
-------
Microjassa sp. (deRivera et a/., 2007)
Species ID: 101250
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Ischyroceridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Washington, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Unidentified
Cryptogenic Transient Unclassified
Hawaii NEP
2002
Cape Alava Rock Shelf, WA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: An unidentified Microjassa species collected on a rock shelf off the coast of Washington is considered
introduced by deRivera et al. (2007).
1022
-------
Microjassa sp. (deRivera et a I., 2007)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 32.7psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1023
-------
Monocorophium acherusicum
Species ID: 187
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Costa, 1853)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Audouinia acherasica
Corophium acherasicum
Corophium contractum
Corophium cylindricus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Gulf of Naples, Italy
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1955
Loc 1st record: Ariake Inland Sea, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1943
Waikiki, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
u
NEP
1905
Yaquina Bay, Oregon
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Monocorophium acherusicum is native to the North Atlantic though there are conflicts as to the native
region. Ruiz et al. (2011) list it as cryptogenic in the NWA while Doi et al. (2011) list it as native in the NWA. NIMPIS
(2002q) lists it as native in the NEA while Olenin and Didziulis (2009) list it as cryptogenic in the NEA.
1024
-------
Monocorophium acherusicum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2620m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.8 -
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
100%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 39.42psu] [Pref: 15 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1025
-------
Monocorophium insidiosum
Species ID: 190
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Crawford, 1937)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corophium insidiosum
Corophium oaklandense
Monocorophium oaklandense
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Mill Bay, Plymouth, England
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1955
Loc 1st record: Fukuyama Harbor, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1959
Hilo, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1915
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Monocorophium insidiosum is native to the North Atlantic though there are conflicts as to the native
region. Chapman (2009) classifies it as cryptogenic in the NEA while NIMPIS (2002x) classifies it as native. Ruiz et al.
(2011) classify it as cryptogenic in the NWA while Carlton and Eldredge (2009) classify it as native in the NWA.
1026
-------
Monocorophium insidiosum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1231m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.56
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-98%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
P
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 11 - 37psu] [Pref: 25 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1027
-------
Monocorophium uenoi
Species ID: 188
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Stephensen, 1932)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corophium (Monocorophium) cf uenoi
Corophium cf uenoi
Corophium uenoi
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1946
Newport Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1028
-------
Monocorophium uenoi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 49m] [Pref: 0 - 24m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2 - 89.3%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 26.6 - 35.04psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
SF
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1029
-------
Paracaprella pusilla
Species ID: 122848
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mayer, 1890
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Caprellidea
Family: Caprellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Caprella nigra
Synonym
Type Locality: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1937
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Paracaprella pusilla is introduced in Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) and cryptogenic in South Africa
(Mead et al, 2011). Based on its original description from Brazil and extensive Caribbean distribution, we tentatively
classify it as native in the West Tropical Atlantic region and introduced in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
1030
-------
Paracaprella pusilla
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 498m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
O
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 26 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1031
-------
Paracorophium sp. (Chapman, 2007)
Species ID: 612
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Corophiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chaetocorophium lucasi of Boyd et al., 2002; not (Hurley, 1
Paracorophium lucasi of NEP authors
Paracorophium sp A of NEP authors
Paracorophium sp. (TNA 2001)
Misidentified
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Northeast Pacific
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Humboldt Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Paracorophium in the NEP is introduced since this genus does not occur along the U.S. Pacific Coast.
This species could be from New Zealand if it is P. lucasi, though it also could be from South America (Chapman, 2007
and 2009). Importation of logs from New Zealand is a likely vector if it is P. lucasi.
1032
-------
Paracorophium sp. (Chapman, 2007)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 4.24 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble M
Abyssal
Hadal
96.33%] X
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 32.9 - 35.3psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1033
-------
Paradexamine sp. (Chapman, 2007)
Species ID: 100224
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Pasko, 1999
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Dexaminidae
Paradexamine cf churinga
Paradexamine churinga of NEP authors
Paradexamine sp. SD1
Paradexamine sp. SD1 SCAMIT
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1991
Santa Catalina, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: An undescribed Paradexamine was discovered from Santa Catalina Island, California in 1991, "apparently
having arrived from warmer waters on a yacht" (CANOD, 2009). It has since been found in the San Francisco Estuary
and various Southern California harbors/estuaries.
1034
-------
Paradexamine sp. (Chapman, 2007)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 51m] [Pref: 1 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 6 - 96.3%] X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 28.6 - 36.8psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1035
-------
Paraleucothoe sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170035
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Leucothoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Paraleucothoe flinders! of Hawaiian authors
Synonym
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Paraleucothoe sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) is associated with sponges or ascidians. It is possibly of
Indo-Pacific origin. It has previously been referred to as P. flindersi in Hawaii.
1036
-------
Paraleucothoe sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1037
-------
Podocerus brasiliensis
Species ID: 1022
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Caprelloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dana, 1853)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Podoceridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Caprellida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Platophium brasiliense
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) tentatively treat Podocerus brasiliensis as native to the NWA and Chapman
(2007) considers it a likely introduction in California. However, CANOD (2009) classifies it "cryptogenic-likely
native". We treat it as native to the NWA, introduced in Hawaii, a conflict in the NEP, and unclassified elsewhere.
1038
-------
Podocerus brasiliensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 24m] [Pref: 0 - 24m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 0 - 78.8%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 33 - 36.8psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1039
-------
Stenothoe gallensis
Species ID: 15524
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Walker, 1904
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Stenothoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily: Stenothoinae
Common Names:
Type Locality: Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Stenothoe gallensis is unknown, though it is considered introduced in Hawaii and the
Mediterranean. It has been classified as NIS in southern Florida but, at this time, we list it as unclassified in the
Caribbean.
1040
-------
Stenothoe gallensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3635m] [Pref: - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 39.6psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1041
-------
Stenothoe valida
Species ID: 1096
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Dana, 1852
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Stenothoidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Gammarida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Probolium polyprion
Stenothoe assimilis
Stenothoe megacheles
Stenothoe ornata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native II Nonindigenous [w
Date 1st record: 2007
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
<1924
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1941
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Stenothoe valida may be a species complex. We tentatively list it as native in the North Atlantic and
introduced in Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009), the harbor populations in the NEP as introduced (Chapman, 2007),
and cryptogenic in the NWP (PICES Working Group 21, 2009) and Samoa (Coles et al., 2003).
1042
-------
Stenothoe valida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 27m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1043
-------
Transorchestia enigmatica
Species ID: 1129
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Talitroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bousfield & Carlton, 1967)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Gammaridea
Family: Talitridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Talitrida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Orchestia chiliensis
Orchestia enigmatica
Synonym
Synonym
shorehopper
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1962
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Transorchestia enigmatica is only known from the lagoon, Lake Merritt, in the San Francisco Estuary. It is
a member of the T. chiliensis species group, known from Chile and New Zealand (although enigmatica remains
unknown from either region). It was introduced in solid ballast, perhaps by ships carrying lumber (Chapman, 2007).
1044
-------
Transorchestia enigmatica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1045
-------
Tropichelura insulae
Species ID: 170037
Taxon: Amphipod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Amphipoda
Superfamily: Cheluroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Caiman, 1910)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Corophiidea
Family: Cheluridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Corophiida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chelura insulae
Synonym
Type Locality: Christmas Island, Indian Ocean
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:56:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1924
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) regard the wood-boring Tropichelura insulae as an Indo-Pacific species.
Accordingly, we classify the records in the Caribbean as introduced likely through wooden-hulled ships.
1046
-------
Tropichelura insulae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1047
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Order: Cumacea
1048
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1049
-------
Nannastacus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170039
Taxon: Cumacean
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Cumacea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nannastacidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:00:46 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cumaceans were previously unknown from the Hawaiian Islands (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). Thus this
undescribed Nannastacus collected in 1996 is considered introduced.
1050
-------
Nannastacus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 29 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1051
-------
Nippoleucon hinumensis
Species ID: 569
Taxon: Cumacean
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Cumacea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gamo, 1967)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Leuconidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hemileucon comes of authors; not Caiman, 1906
Hemileucon hinumensis
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality: Lake Hinuma, Honshu, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:00:46 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1979
Coos Bay, Oregon
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1052
-------
Nippoleucon hinumensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m] [Pref: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble
Abyssal
Hadal
.7-100%] X
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1.2 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1053
-------
Scherocumella sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170040
Taxon: Cumacean
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Cumacea
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Nannastacidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:00:46 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
<1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cumaceans were previously unknown from the Hawaiian Islands (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). Thus this
undescribed Scherocumella collected from floats in Pearl Harbor sometime before 1996 is considered introduced.
1054
-------
Scherocumella sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1055
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Order: Isopoda
1056
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1057
-------
AlIon isous oahuensis
Species ID: 101208
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Budde-Lund, 1885
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Alloniscidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Alloniscus brevis
Alloniscus floresianus
Anomaloniscus ovatus
Anomaloniscus seychellaram
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1879
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The isopod Alloniscus oahuensis occurs in the supralittoral zone under logs and debris. Although originally
described from Hawaii in 1879, Taiti and Howarth (1996) consider it introduced into Hawaii and Carlton and Eldredge
(2009) consider it native to other areas of the Indo-Pacific.
1058
-------
Alloniscus oahuensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1059
-------
Armadilloniscus ellipticus
Species ID: 100780
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Harger, 1878)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Detonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Actoniscus ellipticus
Armadilloniscus littoralis
Armandilloniscus amakusaensis
Armandilloniscus dalmatinus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Connecticut, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1985
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The isopod Armadilloniscus ellipticus occurs in the supralittoral zone under logs and debris as well as in
the splash zone of jetties. The native range is unknown but is considered introduced into Hawaii (Taiti and Howarth,
1996).
1060
-------
Armadilloniscus ellipticus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
O
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1061
-------
Boreosignum wilsoni
Species ID: 2297
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Janiroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hooker, 1985)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Asellota
Family: Paramunnidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Munnogonium wilsoni
Synonym
Type Locality: Gulf of Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
2001
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Boreosignum wilsoni [= Munnogonium wilsoni] was reported as introduced in southern California by
Fairey et al. (2002) and Foss et al. (2007). However, it is not listed in California by CANOD (2009). Therefore, it is
listed as a NIS in the NEP with an uncertain population status.
1062
-------
Boreosignum wilsoni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 4 - 55m] [Pref: 30 - 55m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1063
-------
Buchnerillo sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 101210
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Buddelundiellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1985
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Only two species of Buchnerillo are known - Buchnerillo litoralis from the Mediterranean, Madeira, and
Florida and Buchnerillo oceanicus from Somalia. Thus it is likely that the unidentified species in Hawaii is introduced.
1064
-------
Buchnerillo sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1065
-------
Caecijaera horvathi
Species ID: 3356
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Janiroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Menzies, 1951
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Asellota
Family: Janiridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Los Angeles, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1975
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1950
Long Beach Harbor, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Caecijaera horvathi is unknown, but CANOD (2009) considers it introduced in
California and Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider it introduced in Hawaii. It lives inside burrows excavated in wood
by Limnoria species, and was likely introduced with Limnoria tripunctata.
1066
-------
Caecijaera horvathi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1067
-------
Dynoides dentisinus
Species ID: 1105
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Shen, 1929
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dynoidella conchicola
Dynoides conchicola
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Peidaiho, China
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1977
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In the NEP, the Asian Dynoides dentisinus has only been recorded from the San Francisco Estuary.
1068
-------
Dynoides dentisinus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
P
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 16.5 - 29psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1069
-------
Eurylana arcuata
Species ID: 1108
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Cymothooidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hale, 1925)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Cymothoida
Family: Cirolanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cirolana arcuata
Cirolana robusta
Synonym
Synonym
slater (Eurylana arcuata)
Type Locality: New South Wales, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1978
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Eurylana arcuata (= Cirolana arcuata) is common in New Zealand and Chile but rare in Australia. We
follow NIMPIS (2009) and assume that it is native to New Zealand and cryptogenic in Australia, and thus introduced in
Chile. In the NEP, it has only been reported from the San Francisco Estuary, California.
1070
-------
Eurylana arcuata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 16.9 - 31.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1071
-------
Exosphaeroma sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 101204
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Coles et al., 2007
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Even though Exosphaeroma sp. has not been identified to species, it is considered nonindigenous in Hawaii
because no Exosphaeroma or related genera occur naturally in Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1072
-------
Exosphaeroma sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 2 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 32 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1073
-------
Gnorimosphaeroma rayi
Species ID: 1543
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hoestlandt, 1969
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Korea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1972
Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1952
Tomales Bay, California
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1074
-------
Gnorimosphaeroma rayi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1075
-------
Halophiloscia couchii
Species ID: 101207
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Kinahan, 1858)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Halophilosciidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Halophiloscia aristotelis
Littorophiloscia bermudensis
Philoscia aristotelis
Philoscia bermudensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Greece
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1997
Midway Island, USA
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1076
-------
Halophiloscia couchii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
X
DEC
X
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1077
-------
lais californica
Species ID: 1109
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Janiroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Richardson, 1904)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Asellota
Family: Janiridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
lais pubescens longistylis
Janiropsis californica
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Sausalito, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1904
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: lais californica is a commensal on the wood-boring isopod Sphaeroma quoyanum. Presumably, it was
introduced into the NEP along with Sphaeroma.
1078
-------
lais californica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1079
-------
Ligia exotica
Species ID: 120201
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Roux, 1828
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Ligiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ligia filicornis
Ligia grandis
Ligyda exotica
Megaligia exotica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
common beach slater
sea roach
slater (Ligia exotica)
wharf roach
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1881
Loc 1st record: Kyushu Island, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1996
Hilo, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
u
NEP
1950
San Pedro, California
Unknown
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: NEMESIS states that the native region of Ligia exotica is the Indo-Pacific from Japan south to Madagascar
and South Africa and not the Mediterranean. However, we follow Carlton and Eldredge (2009) and consider the native
region to be unknown. We use regional classifications where available; else we list it as unclassified.
1080
-------
Ligia exotica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 7 - 55psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
X
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1081
-------
Limnoria quadripunctata
Species ID: 1114
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Limnorioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Holthuis, 1949
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Limnoriidea
Family: Limnoriidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Limnoria (Limnoria) quadripunctata Convention
Limnoria lignoram of MacGinitie, 1935; not(Rathke, 1799) Misidentified
gribble (Limnoria quadripunctata)
Type Locality: Holland, Netherlands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1873
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: CANOD (2009) suggests that the Black/Caspian Seas is the native range of Limnoria quadripunctata;
however like many wood-boring species we consider the historical distribution unknown. We utilized regional
classifications when available, list it as a conflict in South Africa, and unclassified elsewhere.
1082
-------
Limnoria quadripunctata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 153m] [Pref: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 16 - 48psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1083
-------
Limnoria tripunctata
Species ID: 1115
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Limnorioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Menzies, 1951
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Limnoriidea
Family: Limnoriidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Limnoria lignoram of pre-1957 Hawaiian authors
Misidentified
gribble (Limnoria tripunctata)
tripunctate gribble
Type Locality: San Diego, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1943
Loc 1st record: Misaki, Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1922 1871
Pearl and Honolulu Harbors, HI Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Like many wood-boring species, the native range of Limnoria tripunctata is unknown. We use regional
classifications when available, and list it as unclassified in other areas. Besides boring in wooden ships, L. tripunctata
may have been transported by boring into wooden crates used to transport Japanese oysters to North America.
1084
-------
Limnoria tripunctata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 7m] [Pref: 0 - 7m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 27 - 42psu] [Pref: 30 - 42psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper P
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1085
-------
Littorophiloscia culebrae
Species ID: 101206
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Moore, 1901)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Philosciidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Peracarida
Chaetophiloscia dartevellei
Philoscia culebrae
Philoscia dartevellei
Philoscia miamiensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Puerto Rico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1984
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We consider the NWA and Caribbean as the possible native region for Littorophiloscia culebrae (see
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). It is a strictly littoral species found under debris on sandy and rocky shores.
1086
-------
Littorophiloscia culebrae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1087
-------
Mesanthura sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 101205
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Anthuroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Carlton & Eldredge, 2009
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Cymothoida
Family: Anthuridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1996
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Although the Hawaiian Mesanthura sp. has not been identified to species, it is considered nonindigenous
because it is unlikely to have been missed in the surveys prior to 1996 (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1088
-------
Mesanthura sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1089
-------
Munna sp. A (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Species ID: 1092
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Janiroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Chapman
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Asellota
Family: Munnidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Munna sp. 1 (Cohen etal., 1998)?
Uromunna sp. A SAFIT
Uromunna sp. A Wilson
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993-1994
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: An unknown Munna species (= Uromunna sp.) was discovered in the San Francisco Estuary in 1993/1994.
Establishment of this species is uncertain.
1090
-------
Munna sp. A (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1091
-------
Niambia capensis
Species ID: 11363
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dollfus, 1895)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Platyarthridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Metoponorthus capensis
Porcellio littorina
Porcellionides capensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Namibia, South Africa
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1936
California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1092
-------
Niambia capensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1093
-------
Olibrinus truncatus
Species ID: 101211
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Taiti & Ferrara, 1991
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Olibrinidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1985
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Olibrinus truncatus may be native to the Southern Hemisphere (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). It is common
in mangrove forests under stones and logs.
1094
-------
Olibrinus truncatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
P
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1095
-------
Orthione griffenis
Species ID: 110017
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Bopyroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Markham, 2004
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Cymothoida
Family: Bopyridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Griffen's isopod
Type Locality: Yaquina Bay, Oregon, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
ca. 2000
Yaquina Bay, Oregon
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: There is disagreement as to whether Orthione griffenis is native, cryptogenic, or introduced in the NEP
(e.g., Williams and An, 2009; Dumbauld et al., 2011). We believe the evidence is sufficient to classify this parasite of
Upogebia pugettensis as NIS in the NEP and native to Asia.
1096
-------
Orthione griffenis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1097
-------
Paracerceis sculpta
Species ID: 610
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Holmes, 1904)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cilicaea sculpta
Dynamene sculpta
Paracerceis angra
Paracerceis japonica
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
sponge isopod
Tsunoo -umisemi
Type Locality: San Clemente Island, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1986
Loc 1st record: Uwajima, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1943 Native
Pearl and Hilo Harbors, Hawaii Native
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1098
-------
Paracerceis sculpta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 6.32 - 96.42%]
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Hadal
X
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
O
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 28 - 46psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1099
-------
Paradella dianae
Species ID: 11340
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Menzies, 1962)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dynamenella dianae
Dynamenopsis dianae
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Bahia de San Quintin, Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
2002
Kauai, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1100
-------
Paradella dianae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30.48m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 51
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Abyssal
52%] X
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 13 - 38psu] [Pref: 31 - 38psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
X
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1101
-------
Paralimnoria andrewsi
Species ID: 122852
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Limnorioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Caiman, 1910)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Limnoriidea
Family: Limnoriidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Limnoria andrewsi
Synonym
Type Locality: Christmas Island, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1943
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1922
Honolulu and Kauai, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider the wood boring isopod, Paralimnoria andrewsi, to be introduced in
the Atlantic and Hawaii, and "perhaps Japan as well."
1102
-------
Paralimnoria andrewsi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4m] [Pref: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1103
-------
Paranthura japonica
Species ID: 3549
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Anthuroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Richardson, 1909
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Anthuridea
Family: Paranthuridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder: Cymothoida
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Paranthura sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Paranthura sp. of Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1104
-------
Paranthura japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 23 - 36.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1105
-------
Pistorius bidens
Species ID: 101203
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Harrison & Holdich, 1982
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Queensland, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
2002
Kauai, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1106
-------
Pistorius bidens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1107
-------
Platyarthrus aiasensis
Species ID: 11364
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Legrand, 1954
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Platyarthridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Platyarthrus schoebli aiasensis
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
before 1989
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Platyarthrus aiasensis has been introduced into southern California and Texas from the Northeast
Atlantic/Mediterranean. P. aiasensis is a terrestrial species that lives in ant nests (myrmecophile) and may occur in
coastal fringes.
1108
-------
Platyarthrus aiasensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1109
-------
Porcellio dilatatus
Species ID: 11365
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Brandt, 1833
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Porcellionidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Euporcellio dilatatus
Porcellio spinicornis occidentalis
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1923
Puu Kamaoa, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1908
San Luis Obispo, California
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Porcellio dilatatus is a terrestrial isopod though it may be found in the general vicinity of estuarine and
coastal water bodies.
1110
-------
Porcellio dilatatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - Om] [Pref: 0 - Om]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 19 - 71%] X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1111
-------
Force I Ho laevis
Species ID: 11366
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Latreille, 1804
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Porcellionidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Peracarida
Porcellio aztecus
Porcellio cubensis
Porcellio formosus
Porcellio interruptus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1927
Molokai and Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1908
Channel Islands, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Porcellio laevis is a terrestrial isopod that can be found in the coastal fringe, occasionally co-occurring with
talidrid amphipods. It is considered a "cosmopolitan" species (Brusca et al, 2007) that is native to Europe and North
Africa but that has invaded the NWP, NEP, Hawaii, and many other regions.
1112
-------
Porcellio laevis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1113
-------
Porcellio lamellatus
Species ID: 122862
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Budde-Lund, 1885
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Porcellionidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Porcellio lamellatus lamellatus
Convention
Type Locality: NE Algeria
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1973
Kauai, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Porcellio lamellatus is a terrestrial isopod that can be found in the coastal fringe. It has been found in leaf
litter, under debris, and in in the vicinity of mangroves in the Hawaiian Islands.
1114
-------
Porcellio lamellatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - Om] [Pref: 0 - Om]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
O
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1115
-------
Porcellio scaber
Species ID: 3806
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Latreille, 1804
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Porcellionidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Philoscia tuberculata
Porcellio gemmulatus
Porcellio montezumae
Porcellio nigra
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
woodlouse
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1922
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Porcellio scaber is a terrestrial isopod though it may be found in the general vicinity of estuarine and
coastal water bodies.
1116
-------
Porcellio scaber
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1117
-------
Pseudosphaeroma sp. (Bruce and Wetzer, 2008)
Species ID: 100644
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bruce & Wetzer, 2008
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pseudosphaeroma campbellensis of Hurley and Jansen, 1977Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pseudosphaeroma is a southern hemisphere genus that has been introduced into the San Francisco Estuary,
California and Coos Bay, Oregon, presumably from New Zealand. The introduced species is not P. campbellensis
(Bruce and Wetzer, 2008), and may be different from the species in Australia and Chile.
1118
-------
Pseudosphaeroma sp. (Bruce and Wetzer, 2008)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1119
-------
Sphaeroma quoianum
Species ID: 1126
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Milne-Edwards, 1840
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Sphaeroma pentodon
Sphaeroma quoyanum
Synonym
Synonym
pillbug (Sphaeroma quoianum)
Type Locality: Tasmania, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
ca. 1920
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
No
VECTORS
NEP
1883
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sphaeroma quoianum burrows into peat, clay, decaying wood, sandstone, and even Styrofoam buoys It was
recorded once from Hawaii around 1920 but has not been collected since.
1120
-------
Sphaeroma quoianum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP O
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
O
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 3.8 - 43psu] [Pref: 5 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1121
-------
Sphaeroma walkeri
Species ID: 1127
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily: Sphaeromatoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Stebbing, 1905
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Sphaeromatidea
Family: Sphaeromatidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Sri Lanka
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1943
Hilo, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1973
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1122
-------
Sphaeroma walkeri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 9m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 19.3 - 40psu] [Pref: 25 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1123
-------
Synidotea laevidorsalis
Species ID: 1097
Taxon: Isopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Isopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Miers, 1881)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Valvifera
Family: Idoteidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Edotia laevidorsalis
Synidotea grisea
Synidotea keablei
Synidotea laticauda
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Tateyama Bay, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:09:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1897
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Chapman and Carlton (1991) synonomized Synidotea laticauda and S. marplatensis with the Japanese
isopod S. laevidorsalis. Poore (1996) disagrees with this synonymy and does not consider S. laevidorsalis introduced
into the NEP. We use the Chapman and Carlton classification until additional evidence becomes available.
1124
-------
Synidotea laevidorsalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 17m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 5.49
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-96.55%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 0.1 - 31.85psu] [Pref: 20 - psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1125
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Order: Mysida
1126
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1127
-------
Deltamysis holmquistae
Species ID: 1104
Taxon: Mysid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Mysida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bowman & Orsi, 1992
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mysidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mysidopsis sp 1 of Phillips, 1987
Synonym
Type Locality: San Joaquin, San Francisco Estuary, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:12:15 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1977
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Deltamysis holmquistae was originally described from the San Francisco Estuary. However, it is considered
introduced because it was first found in 1977 even though zooplankton surveys had been taking place in the San
Francisco Estuary since 1963. We assume it is epibenthic.
1128
-------
Deltamysis holmquistae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 19psu] [Pref: 1 - 2psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1129
-------
Holmesimysis costata
Species ID: 395
Taxon: Mysid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Mysida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Holmes, 1900)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mysidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acanthomysis costata
Acanthomysis sculpta
Synonym
Synonym
kelp forest mysid
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:12:15 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1967
Waikiki, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Holmesimysis costata occurs in a variety of habitats, including in the canopies of the giant kelp,
Macrocystis pyrifera, on the U.S. Pacific coast.
1130
-------
Holmesimysis costata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
X
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6.4m] [Pref: - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 9.64
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
-9.64%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
P
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 36psu] [Pref: 30 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1131
-------
Hyperacanthomysis longirostris
Species ID: 1085
Taxon: Mysid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Mysida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (li, 1936)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mysidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acanthomysis bowmani
Acanthomysis longirostris
Acanthomysis sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:12:15 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The mysid Hyperacanthomysis longirostris (= Acanthomysis bowmani) is classified as NIS in the NEP
based on its relatively recent discovery in the San Francisco Estuary.
1132
-------
Hyperacanthomysis longirostris
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 20psu] [Pref: 1 - IQpsu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1133
-------
Neomysis japonica
Species ID: 11674
Taxon: Mysid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Mysida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Nakazawa, 1910
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mysidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:12:15 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2004
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1134
-------
Neomysis japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 20psu] [Pref: 10 - 20psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1135
-------
Orientomysis aspera
Species ID: 1084
Taxon: Mysid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Mysida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (li, 1964)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mysidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acanthomysis aspera
Synonym
Type Locality: Kojima Bay, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:12:15 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1992
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Orientomysis aspera (= Acanthomysis aspera) is an Asian brackish water mysid that invaded the San
Francisco Estuary in 1992. It appears to have an epibenthic life style.
1136
-------
Orientomysis aspera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 4 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1137
-------
Orientomysis hwanhaiensis
Species ID: 1099
Taxon: Mysid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Mysida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (li, 1964)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mysidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acanthomysis hwanhaiensis
Synonym
Type Locality: Kaishu Bay, North Korea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:12:15 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1997
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Orientomysis hwanhaiensis (= Acanthomysis hwanhaiensis) is an Asian brackish water mysid that invaded
the San Francisco Estuary in 1997. It appears to have an epibenthic life style. It is rare in the San Francisco Estuary.
1138
-------
Orientomysis hwanhaiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 9.8 - 30.4psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1139
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Order: Tanaidacea
1140
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1141
-------
Apseudes sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170038
Taxon: Tanaid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Tanaidacea
Superfamily: Apseudoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Muir, 1997
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Apseudomorpha
Family: Apseudidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:44:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1996
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The undescribed Apseudes in Hawaii most closely resembles the Japanese Apseudes nipponicus but there
are sufficient differences to consider it a different species. Given that it was not observed in earlier surveys, it is
considered introduced (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1142
-------
Apseudes sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 29m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: - 30.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1143
-------
Parapseudes pedispinis
Species ID: 122854
Taxon: Tanaid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Tanaidacea
Superfamily: Apseudoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Boone, 1923)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Apseudomorpha
Family: Parapseudidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dalapseudes pedispinis
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:44:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Yes
VECTORS
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1144
-------
Parapseudes pedispinis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.25 - 12.8m] [Pref: 0.25 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1145
-------
Sine lob us Stanford! Cmplx
Species ID: 5301
Taxon: Tanaid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Tanaidacea
Superfamily: Tanaoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Richardson 1901)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Tanaidomorpha
Family: Tanaidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Sinelobus sp. (Cohen and Carlton 1995)
Sinelobus sp. (Cohen, 2007)
Sinelobus sp. of NEP authors
Sinelobus stanfordi complex
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Convention
Type Locality: Clipperton Island, France
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:44:37 PM
Native II Nonindigenous KA
Date 1st record: before 1938
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1943
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sinelobus stanfordi is considered an "Unresolved Complex" by CANOD (2009) which notes that its
presence in the NEP may represent a natural range extension from the south. However, Cohen (2007) classifies it as
introduced in central California. It has been classified as cryptogenic in Japan (Doi et al., 2011).
1146
-------
Sinelobus Stanford! Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1.5m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.7 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
90%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
P
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 27.68psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR X
X
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1147
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Order: Decapoda
1148
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1149
-------
Acantholobulus pacificus
Species ID: 122860
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Xanthoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Edmondson, 1931)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Panopeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acantholobulus mirafloresensis re:Felder and Martin, 2003 Ambiguous syn.
Neopanope sp.? of Edmondsom, 1931 Ambiguous syn.
Panopeus mirafloresensis re:Felder and Martin, 2003 Ambiguous syn.
Panopeus pacificus Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1929
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: It is not certain whether Acantholobulus pacificus is native to the Indo-Pacific, Tropical Eastern Pacific or
Tropical Western Atlantic (see Felder and Martin, 2003; Paulay, 2011). While Carlton and Eldredge (2009) tentatively
assign its native range to the Tropical Eastern Pacific, we list it as unclassified in areas outside Hawaii.
1150
-------
Acantholobulus pacificus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.25 - 13m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 35psu] [Pref: - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
LEVEL
S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1151
-------
Callinectes sapidus
Species ID: 3463
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Portunoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Rathbun, 1896
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Portunidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily: Portuninae
Common Names:
Callinectes sapidus acutidens
Portunus diacantha
Convention
Synonym
Bla svommekrabbe
blauwe krab
blauwe zwemkrab
blue crab
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1975
Loc 1st record: Lake Hamana, Japan
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1985
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
No
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1897
San Francisco Estuary, CA
No
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments:
1152
-------
Callinectes sapidus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 3 - 35psu] [Pref: 20 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1153
-------
Carcinus aestuarii
Species ID: 3012001
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Portunoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Nardo, 1847
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Portunidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Carcinus maenas aestuarii
Carcinus mediterraneus
Portunus menoides
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Chichukai-midorigani
Mediterranean green crab
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1984
Loc 1st record: Tokyo Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Japanese populations represent hybrids between the European Carcinus maenas and the Mediterranean C.
aestuarii (Darling et at., 2008). The non-native Carcinus in South Africa may represent C. maenas, C. aestuarii, both
species, or a hybrid of the two (Carlton and Cohen, 2003), and Mead et al. (2011) does not list C. maenas in South
Africa. 1154
-------
Carcinus aestuarii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 4.4 - 38psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
LEVEL
S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1155
-------
Carcinus maenas
Species ID: 1102
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Portunoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Portunidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cancer granarius
Cancer maenas
Cancer pygmeus
Cancer rhomboidalis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
European green crab
European shore crab
green crab
Type Locality: Marstrand, west coast of Sweden
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 10/2/2012 2:22:41 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1984
Loc 1st record: Tokyo Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1873
Honolulu, Hawaii
No
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1989
Estero Americano, California
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Japanese populations represent hybrids between the European Carcinus maenas and the Mediterranean C.
aestuarii (Darling et at., 2008).
1156
-------
Carcinus maenas
Print Date: 10/2/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 0 - 60m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
O
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1.4 - 54psu] [Pref: 13 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1157
-------
Deiratonotus cristatum
Species ID: 2011611
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Ocypodoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (De Man, 1895)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Camptandriidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Deiratonotus cristatus
Paracleistostoma cristatum
Convention
Synonym
Type Locality: Tokyo Bay, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1998
Loc 1st record: Sakhalin Island, Russia
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Deiratonotus cristatum [= Paracleistostoma cristatum] is an "Asian subtropical-tropical species." It was first
found in the estuaries of southern Sakhalin Island in 1998 and is considered introduced into the Sea of Okhotsk by
Zvyagintsev et al. (2011) though this may represent a natural transient range extension.
1158
-------
Deiratonotus cristatum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 22psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1159
-------
Eriocheir sinensis
Species ID: 1107
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Grapsoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Milne Edwards, 1853
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Varunidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily: Varuninae
Common Names:
Eriocheir sinensis f. acutifrons
Eriocheir sinensis f. rostratus
Eriocheir sinensis f. rotundifrons
Eriocheir sinensis f. trilobata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Chinese mitten crab
mitten crab
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1999 (introduced)
Loc 1st record: Japan (introduced)
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1994
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Eriocheir sinensis is native to northern and eastern China, as well as western Korea. According to Iwasaki
(2006), the Chinese mitten crab was introduced into Japan around 1999, while Takeda and Koizumi (2005) reported it
from Tokyo Bay in 2004. It is not known if it became established in Japan.
1160
-------
Eriocheir sinensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 16.8m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 33psu] [Pref: 0 - 25psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1161
-------
Exopalaemon carinicauda
Species ID: 3360
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Palaemonoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Holthuis, 1950)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Palaemonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Caridea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Exopalaemon sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
Leander carinatus
Palaemon carinicauda
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
ridgetail prawn
Type Locality: China
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Establishment of Exopalaemon carinicauda in the NEP is uncertain.
1162
-------
Exopalaemon carinicauda
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 26m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 28psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1163
-------
Fenneropenaeus chinensis
Species ID: 100755
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Penaeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Osbeck, 1765)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Dendrobranchiata
Family: Penaeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cancer chinensis
Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) chinensis
Penaeus chinensis
Penaeus orientalis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Chinese fleshy prawn
Chinese white prawn
fleshy prawn
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1965 (introduced)
Loc 1st record: Japan (introduced)
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Fenneropenaeus chinensis (= Penaeus orientalis, P.chinensis) is endemic to the Yellow Sea. It has been
introduced into Japan for aquaculture, though it is not known if it is established in the wild.
1164
-------
Fenneropenaeus chinensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 90 - 180m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 22psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1165
-------
Fenneropenaeus merguiensis
Species ID: 100670
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Penaeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (De Man, 1888)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Dendrobranchiata
Family: Penaeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Penaeus indicus merguiensis
Penaeus merguiensis
Synonym
Synonym
banana prawn
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Fenneropenaeus merguiensis (=Penaeus merguiensis) became established in estuarine areas in Fiji after
being introduced from Tahiti in 1974-1975 (Eldredge, 1994). Additionally, it is stocked in southern China (Chavanich
et al., 2010), though it is not known if it has established wild populations.
1166
-------
Fenneropenaeus merguiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 10 - 55m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1167
-------
Glabropilumnus seminudus
Species ID: 122857
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Pilumnoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Miers, 1884)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Pilumnidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pilumnus seminudus
Synonym
hairy crab
Type Locality: Thursday Island, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
2003
Molokai and Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1168
-------
Glabropilumnus seminudus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1169
-------
Homarus americanus
Species ID: 3462
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Nephropoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Milne Edwards, 1837
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Macrura Reptantia
Family: Nephropidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Astacidea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
American lobster
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1914
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1874
San Francisco Estuary, CA
No
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: The American lobster, Homarus americanus, has been released into the wild several times in Japan, though
it is not known if it has become established. It has been released several times on the U.S./Canadian Pacific Coast and
reported in Europe, though it is not established in either of these regions.
1170
-------
Homarus americanus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 700m] [Pref: 5 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10.5 - 32psu] [Pref: 25 - 31.8psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1171
-------
Homarus gammarus
Species ID: 100756
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Nephropoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Macrura Reptantia
Family: Nephropidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Astacidea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cancer gammarus
Homarus vulgaris
Synonym
Synonym
common lobster
European lobster
Type Locality: west coast of Sweden
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1978
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Homarus gammarus was introduced into Japan in 1978 (Iwasaki, 2006), however the exact location is
unknown nor whether it became established.
1172
-------
Homarus gammarus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 700m] [Pref: 16 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
O
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 13.6 - 35psu] [Pref: 26 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1173
-------
Hyastenus spinosus
Species ID: 170043
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Majoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Milne-Edwards, 1872
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Epialtidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
spiny spider crab
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
2006
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1174
-------
Hyastenus spinosus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 9 - 124m] [Pref: 22 - 123m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1175
-------
Litopenaeus stylirostris
Species ID: 101259
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Penaeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Stimpson, 1871)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Dendrobranchiata
Family: Penaeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Penaeus (Litopenaeus) stylirostris
Penaeus stylirostris
Synonym
Synonym
blue shrimp
camaron azul
Western blue shrimp
Type Locality: Panama
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1999
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1970s
Hawaii
No
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Litopenaeus stylirostris has been imported for aquaculture into China, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, and the
Pacific Islands (Funge-Smith and Briggs, 2003). It is unknown whether it has become established in the wild in any of
these areas. It was also introduced into Hawaii and Guam but did not become established.
1176
-------
Litopenaeus stylirostris
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 45m] [Pref: 0 - 27m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 36psu] [Pref: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1177
-------
Litopenaeus vannamei
Species ID: 100766
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Penaeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Boone, 1931)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Dendrobranchiata
Family: Penaeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Penaeus vannamei
Synonym
camaron patiblanco
Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
West Coast white shrimp
whiteleg shrimp
Type Locality: Gulf of Panama, Panama
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1988
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1970s
Hawaii
No
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Litopenaeus vannamei has been imported for aquaculture into China, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam,
Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, and the Pacific Islands (Funge-Smith and Briggs, 2003). It is unknown whether
it has become established in the wild in any of these areas.
1178
-------
Litopenaeus vannamei
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 72m] [Pref: 1.5 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.5 - 40psu] [Pref: 10 - ISpsu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1179
-------
Macrobrachium lar
Species ID: 170041
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Palaemonoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Fabricius, 1798)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Palaemonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Caridea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Palaemon ornatus
Synonym
Monkey River prawn
Tahitian prawn
Type Locality: India
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1956
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
X
AE
Yes
VECTORS
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Macrobrachium lar is primarily a freshwater shrimp, though adults may occur at salinities up to 3 psu and
the larvae may occur in brackish and fully marine waters.
1180
-------
Macrobrachium lar
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 3psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1181
-------
Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Species ID: 222023
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Palaemonoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (De Man, 1879)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Palaemonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Caridea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
giant freshwater prawn
giant river prawn
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1965
Hawaii
No
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a freshwater prawn though the females migrate to brackish water to spawn. It
is native to the Central Indo-Pacific and has been introduced into China and at least 42 other countries for aquaculture.
It is not known if it is established in the wild in China or the NWP; it did not become established in Hawaii.
1182
-------
Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1.2 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 25psu] [Pref: 0 - 2psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1183
-------
Marsupenaeus japonicus
Species ID: 15484
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Penaeoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bate, 1888)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Dendrobranchiata
Family: Penaeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Penaeus canaliculatus japonicus
Penaeus japonicus
Penaeus pulchricaudatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Kuruma ebi
kuruma prawn
kuruma shrimp
Saimaki ebi (juveniles)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Date 1st record: 1994 1970s
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea Hawaii
Established:
SH
BW
SB
Yes No
VECTORS
HF
MS
AF X
S/R AE AA
X AO PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC SF HR O
Comments: The Yellow Sea Project (UNDP/GEF, 2007) lists Marsupenaeus japonicus as intentionally introduced into
the Yellow Sea. Because it may also occur naturally in the Yellow Sea, we list this as a conflict. It was introduced into
Hawaii but did not become established, though it is established in the Mediterranean (Zenetos et al., 2010).
1184
-------
Marsupenaeus japonicus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 100m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1185
-------
Metacarcinus magister
Species ID: 121
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Cancroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Dana, 1852)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Cancridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cancer magister
Synonym
America-icho-gani
Dungeness crab
Type Locality: San Francisco Estuary, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1979
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Metacarcinus magister (= Cancer magister) has been found in Japan, but it is not known if it is established
in the NWP. More recently it has been reported from Massachusetts Bay, USA but again it is not known whether it is
established.
1186
-------
Metacarcinus magister
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 750m] [Pref: 0 - 230m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.87
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
Abyssal
Hadal
-90.36%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 33.43psu] [Pref: 25 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1187
-------
Metadromia wilsoni
Species ID: 101264
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Dromioidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Fulton & Grant, 1902)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Dromiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cryptodromia wilsoni
Dromia pseudogibbosa
Dromia wilsoni
Petalomera wilsoni
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Port Phillip Heads, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Metadromia wilsoni is considered native to Australia and Hawaii and introduced into New Zealand
(Cranfield et al., 1998a; Inglis et al., 2008a), the Dalian region of China (Clarke et al., 2004), and Japan and South
Africa (Cranfield et al.. 1998a). However, Mead et al. (2011) did not include it in their list of NIS in South Africa.
1188
-------
Metadromia wilsoni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 520m] [Pref: - 100m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1189
-------
Metopograpsus oceanicus
Species ID: 170042
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Grapsoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Grapsidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eurycarcinus oceanicus
Grapsus (Grapsus) sulcifer
Grapsus oceanicus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
2006
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Metopograpsus oceanicus is considered introduced in Hawaii and Guam (Paulay, 2007). It occurs in the
upper intertidal and supralittoral zone on karstic shores, seawalls, and mangroves.
1190
-------
Metopograpsus oceanicus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1191
-------
Nanosesarma minutum
Species ID: 123453
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Grapsoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (De Man, 1887)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Sesarmidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Nanosesarma gordoni
Sesarma (Sesarma) gordoni
Sesarma barbimanum
Sesarma minutum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Edam Island near Jakarta, Indonesia.
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1192
-------
Nanosesarma minutum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 5 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1193
-------
Pachygrapsus fakaravensis
Species ID: 122858
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Grapsoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Rathbun, 1907
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Grapsidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polynesian grapsid crab
Type Locality: Tuamotu, French Polynesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1996
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1194
-------
Pachygrapsus fakaravensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1195
-------
Palaemon macrodactylus
Species ID: 1093
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Palaemonoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Rathbun, 1902
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Palaemonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Caridea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Leander macrodactyla
Leander macrodactylus
Synonym
Synonym
Korean shrimp
Oriental shrimp
Type Locality: Aomiri, Rikuoku, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1957
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: The Asian prawn Palaemon macrodactylus is native to Japan and Korea while the Chinese and Taiwanese
records might belong to different species (Micu and Nita, 2009).
1196
-------
Palaemon macrodactylus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 8m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
P
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 35psu] [Pref: 3 - IQpsu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1197
-------
Panopeus lacustris
Species ID: 122859
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Xanthoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Desbonne, 1867
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Panopeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eupanopeus herbstii var. minax
Panopeus crassus
Panopeus herbstii granulosus
Panopeus herbstii of authors, not of H. Milne Edwards, 1834
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misidentified
knotfmger mud crab
Type Locality: Guadeloupe, France (Lesser Antilles)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1947
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1198
-------
Panopeus lacustris
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m] [Pref: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
O
M
W
O
CA
O
K
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 28psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1199
-------
Pilumnus oahuensis
Species ID: 122861
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Pilumnoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Edmondson, 1931
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Pilumnidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1929
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pilumnus oahuensis was originally described from Hawaii but is considered introduced because of its
restriction to harbors and association with fouling communities. It has not been reported from any other locations in the
Pacific.
1200
-------
Pilumnus oahuensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.15 - 3.25m] [Pref: 0.15 - 3.25m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1201
-------
Pyromaia tuberculata
Species ID: 722
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Majoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lockington, 1877)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Inachoididae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
?Inachoides brevirostram
Dasygyius tuberculatus
Inachus tuberculata
Inachus tuberculatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Ikkaku-kumogani
spider crab (Pyromaia tuberculata)
tuberculate pear crab
Type Locality: San Diego Bay, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1970
Loc 1st record: Miura Penninsula, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1202
-------
Pyromaia tuberculata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 425m] [Pref: - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2 - 97.9%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 31 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1203
-------
Rhithropanopeus harrisii
Species ID: 1094
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Xanthoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gould, 1841)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Panopeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily: Panopeinae
Common Names:
Heteropanope tridentata
Pilumnus harrisii
Pilumnus tridentatus
Rhithropanopeus harrisii tridentatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
brackish-water crab
Harris mud crab
Minato-ogigani
Type Locality: Charles River, Massachusetts, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 2006
Loc 1st record: Nagoya Port, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1937
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1204
-------
Rhithropanopeus harrisii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 37m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.4 - 40psu] [Pref: 15 - 25psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1205
-------
Scylla serrata
Species ID: 100620
Taxon: Decapod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Eumalacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Superfamily: Portunoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forskal, 1775)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Family: Portunidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Eucarida
Infraorder: Brachyura
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Achelous crassimanus
Cancer olivaceus
Cancer serrata
Cancer serratus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
giant mud crab
mangrove crab (Scylla serrata)
red crab
serrate swimming crab
Type Locality: Jidda, Saudi Arabia (Red Sea)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:02:22 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1926
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
X
AE
X
Yes
VECTORS
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1206
-------
Scylla serrata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 67m] [Pref: 21 - 35m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - SOpsu] [Pref: 20 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1207
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Subclass: Hoplocarida
Order: Stomatopoda
1208
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1209
-------
Gonodactylaceus falcatus
Species ID: 123401
Taxon: Stomatopod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Hoplocarida
Order: Stomatopoda
Superfamily: Gonodactyloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forskal, 1775)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Unipeltata
Family: Gonodactylidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gonodactylus aloha
Gonodactylus falcatus
Gonodactylus insularis
Gonodactylus mutatus of Barber and Erdmann, 2000; not La
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misidentified
Philippine mantis shrimp
Type Locality: Djeddah, Red Sea (neotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:16:30 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1954
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider the Indo-West Pacific as the native region of Gonodactylaceus
falcatus. It has been found on as part of fouling community on a semi-submersible oil platform in Singapore (Yeo et al,
2010).
1210
-------
Gonodactylaceus falcatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 107.5m] [Pref: - 18m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
O
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 32 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1211
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Subclass: Copepoda
1212
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1213
-------
Acartiella sinensis
Species ID: 1100
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Shen & Lee, 1963
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Acartiidae
Type Locality: Kwantung Province, China
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1214
-------
Acartiella sinensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 18m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 25psu] [Pref: 2.5 - 8.6psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1215
-------
Caligus sclerotinosus
Species ID: 220060
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Siphonostomatoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Roubal, Armitag, & Rohde, 1983
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Caligidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1999
Loc 1st record: Aquaculture facility Oita, Japan
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Caligus sclerotinosus is an ectoparasite on the red seabream, Pagrus major, that was described from
Australia. It was found in an aquaculture facility in Japan in 1999. It is not known if it has become established in the
wild but one specimen was found in plankton samples near a fish farm in 2006.
1216
-------
Caligus sclerotinosus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1217
-------
Enhydrosoma lacunae
Species ID: 101886
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Harpacticoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Jakubisiak, 1933
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Cletodidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Cuba
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1991
Sinaloa, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1218
-------
Enhydrosoma lacunae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1219
-------
Eurytemora affinis Cmplx
Species ID: 2566
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Poppe, 1880)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Temoridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Eurytemora affinis
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1913
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Eurytemora affinis is a species complex. Its distribution in the NEP is based on Lee's (2000) distribution of
the introduced Atlantic clade, which occurs in the San Francisco Estuary and Grays Harbor, and the native Pacific
clade, which occurs in the Columbia River, Chehalis River, and British Columbia.
1220
-------
Eurytemora affinis Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 40psu] [Pref: 0 - 8psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1221
-------
Harpacticella paradoxa
Species ID: 11687
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Harpacticoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Brehm, 1924)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder: Oligoarthra
Family: Harpacticidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Handeliellu paradoxa
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Klamath + Samish River, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1222
-------
Harpacticella paradoxa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - ISpsu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1223
-------
Limnoithona sinensis
Species ID: 1112
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Cyclopoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Burkhardt, 1912)
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Oithonidae
Oithona (Limnoithona) sinensis
Oithona sinensis
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
1979
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Limnoithona sinensis was present in the Columbia River in the early 1980s but has since disappeared
(Cordell et al., 2008). It was abundant in the upper San Francisco Estuary from 1979 until 1993 but has declined, and
perhaps gone extinct after the introduction of L. tetraspina.
1224
-------
Limnoithona sinensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 1.2psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1225
-------
Limnoithona tetraspina
Species ID: 1113
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Cyclopoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Zhang & Li, 1976
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Oithonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1226
-------
Limnoithona tetraspina
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1 - 28psu] [Pref: 1 - 3psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1227
-------
Mytilicola orientalis
Species ID: 1117
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Poecilostomatoida
Superfemily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mori, 1935
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Mytilicolidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mytilicola ostreae
Synonym
oyster redworm
red worm
Type Locality: Sea of Japan, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1938
Willapa Bay, Washington
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Mytilicola orientalis is an intestinal parasite of bivalves such as mussels (Mytilus spp.) and oysters
(Crassostrea spp.). It was likely introduced with importation of the Japanese oyster, Crassostrea gigas.
1228
-------
Mytilicola orientalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
O
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 1.2 - 32psu] [Pref: 29 - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1229
-------
Neotachidius triangularis
Species ID: 11691
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Harpacticoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Shen & Tai, 1963)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder: Oligoarthra
Family: Tachidiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Tachidius (Neotachidius) triangularis
Tachidius triangularis
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Pearl River, China
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1982
Nanaimo, British Columbia
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1230
-------
Neotachidius triangularis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
O
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1231
-------
Oithona davisae
Species ID: 1118
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Cyclopoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ferrari & Orsi, 1984
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Oithonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: San Francisco Estuary, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1963
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1232
-------
Oithona davisae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 23m] [Pref: 5 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - 32.3psu] [Pref: 28 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1233
-------
Pachypygus gibber
Species ID: 170121
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Cyclopoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Thorell, 1859)
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Notodelphyidae
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Date 1st record: 1960
Loc 1st record: Miyagi, Japan
Established: Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pachypygus gibber is a parasitic copepod that lives on solitary ascidians. In Japan, hosts were Stye la plicata
and Cnemidocarpa areolata (both native to Japan) and the introduced North Atlantic Ciona intestinalis (Doi et al.,
2011). Because it has not been reported from Japan since 1962, we list its establishment as unknown.
1234
-------
Pachypygus gibber
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1235
-------
Psammopsyllus stri
Species ID: 170029
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Harpacticoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mielke, 1983
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Leptopontiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Panama (Caribbean)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1979
Kauai, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1236
-------
Psammopsyllus stri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1237
-------
Pseudodiaptomus forbesi
Species ID: 715
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Poppe & Richard, 1890)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Pseudodiaptomidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1987
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1238
-------
Pseudodiaptomus forbesi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 20m] [Pref: 1 - 5.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
O
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 33 - 69%]
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - llpsu] [Pref: 0.2 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1239
-------
Pseudodiaptomus inopinus
Species ID: 3365
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Burckhardt, 1913
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Pseudodiaptomidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1990
Columbia River, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pseudodiaptomus inopinus is an Asian calanoid copepod that has been introduced into estuaries in the NEP,
with maximum abundances in freshwater to mesohaline salinities (Cordell et al, 2010). However, P. inopinus has also
been reported from offshore samples taken in a 1977 survey in the Indo-Pacific (see OBIS).
1240
-------
Pseudodiaptomus inopinus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 177m] [Pref: 2 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - 8psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1241
-------
Pseudodiaptomus marinus
Species ID: 1124
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Sato, 1913
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Pseudodiaptomidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hokkaido, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient || Unclassified 11 classification Unidentified
Hawaii NEP
1964 1986
Oahu, Hawaii San Diego and Mission Bay, CA
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pseudodiaptomus marinus is a "demersal" copepod introduced into the NEP, Hawaii, and Madagascar
region from Asia.
1242
-------
Pseudodiaptomus marinus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 8.5m] [Pref: 4 - 8.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 32.3psu] [Pref: 15 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1243
-------
Pseudomyicola spinosus
Species ID: 15517
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Poecilostomatoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Raffaele & Monticelli, 1885)
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Myicolidae
Anthessius spinosus
Lichomolgus spinosus
Midicola anomalocardiae
Midicola levis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1985
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Pseudomyicola spinosus [= P. ostreae] parasitizes the mantle cavity of more than 50 species of bivalves
including Mytilus, clams, and oysters. It was likely introduced with the importation of the Japanese oyster, Crassostrea
gigas.
1244
-------
Pseudomyicola spinosus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1245
-------
Sarsamphiascus parvus
Species ID: 11464
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Harpacticoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Sars, 1906) Huys, 2009
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder: Oligoarthra
Family: Miraciidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Podoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amphiascus parvus
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sarsamphiascus parvus [= Amphiascus parvus] is a European harpacticoid that invaded the NEP (Cordell,
2007). Because the S. parvus reported from Argentina and the Red Sea are not identical to Sar's original description
(Ueda and Nagai, 2005), their distributions are not shown.
1246
-------
Sarsamphiascus parvus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 16m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1247
-------
Sinocalanus doerrii
Species ID: 1125
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Brehm, 1909)
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Centropagidae
Limnocalanus sinensis doerrii
Sinocalanus mystrophorus
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
1978
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1248
-------
Sinocalanus doerrii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 12.7m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 14.8psu] [Pref: 0 - O.Spsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1249
-------
Stephos pacificus
Species ID: 3369
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ohtsuka & Hiromi, 1987
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Stephidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Sea of Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1998
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Stephos pacificus is an epibenthic copepod introduced into the NEP from Asia.
1250
-------
Sfepftos pacificus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 6 - 1m] [Pref: 6 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 32.8psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1251
-------
Stephos sp. (Ruiz et al. 2000)
Species ID: 3370
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cordell, 1999
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Stephidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Washington, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1998
Puget Sound, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ruiz et al. (2000) listed an unidentified Stephos as introduced into the NEP in 1998 in Puget Sound,
Washington. We assume it is epibenthic similar to Stephos pacificus.
1252
-------
Sfepftos sp. (Ruiz et al. 2000)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1253
-------
Teredicola typica
Species ID: 170030
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order:
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wilson, 1942
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa Phylum: Arthropoda
Superclass: Class: Maxillopoda
Infraclass: Copepoda incertae sedis Superorder:
Suborder: Infraorder:
Family: Subfamily:
Common Names:
Teredicola typicus
Teredo milleri of Edmondson, 1942
Convention
Misidentified
Type Locality: Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1971
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1939
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Teredicola typica is a parasitic copepod living in the infrabranchial cavity of several species of shipworms
(Teredo, Bankia, and Lyrodus). Carlton and Eldredge (2009) suggest it may be native to the Southern Hemisphere.
Thus, we tentatively classify populations in Australia and New Zealand as native and those in Japan as introduced.
1254
-------
Teredicola typica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
X
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1255
-------
Tortanus dextrilobatus
Species ID: 2567
Taxon: Copepod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Copepoda
Order: Calanoida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Chen & Zhang, 1965
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neocopepoda
Suborder:
Family: Tortanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Gymnoplea
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Tortanus (Eutortanus) dextrilobatus
Tortanus sp. of Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Convention
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 9:59:16 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1256
-------
Tortanus dextrilobatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0.05 - 12m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 33psu] [Pref: 14 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1257
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Subclass: Thecostraca
1258
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1259
-------
Amphibalanus amphitrite
Species ID: 1101
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Darwin, 1854)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amphibalanus amphitrite amphitrite
Balanus amphitrite
Balanus amphitrite amphitrite
Balanus amphitrite denticulata
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Amphitrite's rock barnacle
Purple acorn barnacle
striped barnacle
Tatej ima-fuj itsubo
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1933
Loc 1st record: Honshu Island, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1902
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
u
NEP
1914
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Boundaries between native and invaded ecoregions of Amphibalanus amphitrite are unclear. According to
Zabin (2009), it is native to Indian Ocean, though fossils have been found in Guam (Paulay et al, 2002). We use
regional classifications when available, listing ecoregions bordering native and invaded ecoregions as unclassified.
1260
-------
Amphibalanus amphitrite
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 4177m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 36psu] [Pref: 10 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1261
-------
Amphibalanus eburneus
Species ID: 3012005
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gould, 1841)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus democraticus
Balanus ebumeus
Balanus eburneus
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Amerika-fujitsubo
ivory barnacle
Type Locality: Boston Bay, Massachusetts, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1950
Loc 1st record: Yokosuka, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1929
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
u
NEP
1959
Gulf of California, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Although not reported from Southern California until 2000 (CANOD, 2009), the Western Atlantic barnacle,
Amphibalanus eburneus, had been reported from the Gulf of Mexico in 1959 (Henry and Mclaughlin, 1975).
1262
-------
Amphibalanus eburneus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 37m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1263
-------
Amphibalanus improvisus
Species ID: 3012004
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Darwin, 1854)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus improvisus
Synonym
acorn barnacle (Amphibalanus improvisus)
bay barnacle
Yoroppa-fujitsubo
Type Locality: not designated
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1952
Loc 1st record: Ago Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1853
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1264
-------
Amphibalanus improvisus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 0 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 2.81 - 56.58%]
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Hadal
X
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 40psu] [Pref: 6 - 30psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1265
-------
Amphibalanus reticulatus
Species ID: 15439
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Utinomi, 1967)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus reticulates
Balanus reticulatus
Misspelling
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1934
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1929
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1984
Mazatlan, Mexico
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Amphibalanus reticulatus was considered native in Japan (Iwasaki, 2006); however Doi et al. (2011) list it
as cryptogenic. We classify it as a conflict in the ecoregions boarding mainland Japan and native in the Western and
Central Indo-Pacific with the exception of Australia where it is introduced (Jones, 2004) or unclassified.
1266
-------
Amphibalanus reticulatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 22m] [Pref: 0 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 11 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1267
-------
Amphibalanus subalbidus
Species ID: 101882
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Henry, 1973)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus amphitrite pallidus; not Darwin, 1854
Balanus subalbidus
Partial synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1989
Gulf of California, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Van Syoc (1992, Proc. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 12:1-7) concluded that the Amphibalanus subalbidus in
the Gulf of California constitute a relict population from a Mio-Pliocene amphi-American distribution. However,
Carlton et al. (2011) argue that the A. subalbidus in the Gulf of California are not native, perhaps introduced with
shrimp mariculture operations. We treat this as a conflict. 1268
-------
Amphibalanus subalbidus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
O
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs:0-psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1269
-------
Amphibalanus variegatus
Species ID: 3011999
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Darwin, 1854)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus amphitrite var. cirratus of Darwin, 1854
Balanus amphitrite var. variegatus of Darwin, 1854
Balanus amphitrite variegatus
Balanus variegatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Amime-fuj itsubo
Type Locality: Sydney, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1935
Loc 1st record: Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The barnacle Amphibalanus variegatus is considered introduced in Japan (Iwasaki, 2006) and New Zealand
(Cranfield et al., 1998a) while Dafforn et al. (2009) and others classify it as native to Australia. We list the Central and
Western Indo-Pacific regions as unclassified.
1270
-------
Amphibalanus variegatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1271
-------
Amphibalanus venustus
Species ID: 3012000
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Darwin, 1854)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Balanus amphitrite niveus
Balanus amphitrite var. venustus
Balanus amphitrite venustus
Balanus venustus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Akashima-fuj itsubo
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
jNative^Nonindigenous
NWP
Date 1st record: 1967
Loc 1st record: Wakasa Bay, Japan
Established: Unknown
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Mead et al. (2011) consider that the "tropical and subtropical western North Atlantic" is the native region
for Amphibalanus venustus.
1272
-------
Amphibalanus venustus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 135m] [Pref: - 62m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
O
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 28 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1273
-------
Amphibalanus zhujiangensis
Species ID: 170123
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Ren, 1989)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus zhujiangensis
Synonym
Type Locality: Zhujiang River, China
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1997
Loc 1st record: Gushikawa River, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Amphibalanus zhujiangensis was recently described from the Zhujiang River, in the South China Sea, and
was then found on Okinawa Island, Japan in 1997, where it is considered introduced (Doi et al., 2011). It was
subsequently found in various locations in the Central Indo-Pacific, which we list as unclassified.
1274
-------
Amphibalanus zhujiangensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1275
-------
Balanus glandula
Species ID: 1644
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Darwin, 1854
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Amphibalanus glandula
Synonym
common acorn barnacle
Kita-amerika-rujitsubo
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 2000
Loc 1st record: Ofunato, Iwate, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1276
-------
Balanus glandula
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 45.5m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 0.65 - 90.05%]
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Hadal
X
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 30 - 31psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1277
-------
Balanus perforates
Species ID: 100748
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bruguiere, 1789
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
volcano barnacle
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 2006
Loc 1st record: Korea (Sea of Japan)
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Balanus perforatus is an "eastern Atlantic warm water species" (Kerckhof and Cattrijsse, 2001) that has
been introduced into Korea (Seo and Lee, 2008; Kim and Hong, 2010). It has also been reported from the Western Indo-
Pacific and South Africa; we assume it is introduced in both these regions.
1278
-------
Balanus perforates
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1279
-------
Chthamalus proteus
Species ID: 122842
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Chthamaloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Dando & Southward, 1980
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Chthamalidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Caribbean barnacle
Proteus' rock barnacle
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1993
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The high intertidal barnacle, Chthamalaus proteus, was introduced into Hawaii presumably via hull fouling.
C. proteus was present on barges that have entered various ports in California, Oregon, and Washington, but it has not
yet become established in the NEP.
1280
-------
Chthamalus proteus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 3m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 11 - 36psu] [Pref: 22 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1281
-------
Megabalanus coccopoma
Species ID: 110005
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Darwin, 1854)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus tintinnabulum coccopoma
Balanus tintinnabulum var. coccopoma
Synonym
Synonym
titan acorn barnacle
Type Locality: Pacific Panama
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 2000
Loc 1st record: Kobe Port, Hyogo, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
1982
San Diego, CA
No
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Megabalanus coccopoma is native to the Tropical Eastern Pacific, and has invaded Japan, the Atlantic, and
Indo-Pacific. This tropical barnacle showed up off of San Diego, California after the 1982-1983 El Nino but did not
become established (Newman and McConnaughey, 1987), and we assume it is not established in the Gulf of California.
1282
-------
Megabalanus coccopoma
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 7m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 16 - 32psu] [Pref: - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1283
-------
Megabalanus tintinnabulum
Species ID: 2011637
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanus tintinnabuliformis laevis
Balanus tintinnabulum
Balanus tintinnabulum antillensis
Balanus tintinnabulum communis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
acorn barnacle (Megabalanus tintinnabulum)
Type Locality: Amboina, Indonesia (lectotype)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Osaka Bay, Japan
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The distribution of Megabalanus tintinnabulum is confused by many of its subspecies being elevated to
species. We tentatively classify it as introduced in Japan (Mito and Uesugi, 2004) and cryptogenic in Australia
(NIMPIS) and the Atlantic (Carlton et al., 2011); other authors consider it introduced in Europe, Brazil, and Australia.
1284
-------
Megabalanus tintinnabulum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1285
-------
Megabalanus zebra
Species ID: 101256
Taxon: Barnacle
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Thecostraca
Order: Sessilia
Superfamily: Balanoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Darwin, 1834)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Cirripedia
Suborder: Balanomorpha
Family: Balanidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Maxillopoda
Superorder: Thoracica
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Balanua (Megabalanust) tintinnabulum zebra
Balanus tintinnabulum var. zebra
Balanus tintinnabulum zebra
Megabalanus tintinnabulum zebra
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Unknown
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:47:37 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Megabalanus zebra is a wide-spread species whose native range is unknown. Mito and Uesugi (2004) list it
as introduced in Japan, while Clarke et al. (2004), in the GloBallast Report list it as cryptogenic in the Dalian region of
China. We tentatively list it as NIS in the NWP pending further analysis.
1286
-------
Megabalanus zebra
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 16.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 33 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1287
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Ostracoda
1288
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1289
-------
Aspidoconcha limnoriae
Species ID: 1545
Taxon: Ostracod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Podocopa
Order: Podocopida
Superfamily: Cytheroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: deVos, 1953
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Cytherocopina
Family: Xestoleberididae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Ostracoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aspidoconca limnoriae
Aspidoconcha limnoria
Misspelling
Misspelling
Type Locality: Zandvoorst, Netherlands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:14:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1953
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: In the NEP, Aspidoconcha limnoriae is associated with the non-native wood gribble Limnoria tripunctata
and thus is considered NIS in the Eastern Pacific. Because of the uncertain origins of wood borers such as Limnoria, we
consider A. limnoriae as unclassified in other regions until additional information becomes available.
1290
-------
Aspidoconcha limnoriae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
X
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1291
-------
Eusarsiella zostericola
Species ID: 309
Taxon: Ostracod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Myodocopa
Order: Myodocopida
Superfamily: Sarsielloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Cushman, 1906)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Myodocopina
Family: Sarsiellidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Ostracoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily: Sarsiellinae
Common Names:
Eusarsiella americana
Sarsiella americana
Sarsiella tricostata
Sarsiella zostericola
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:14:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1953
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1292
-------
Eusarsiella zostericola
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 103.8m] [Pref: 0 - 38m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P B
Sub-Deep
athyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 1.8 - 96.55%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble M
xed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25.5 - 42psu] [Pref: 29 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1293
-------
Redekea californica
Species ID: 1546
Taxon: Ostracod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Podocopa
Order: Podocopida
Superfamily: Cytheroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type)
Taxonomic Author: De Vos & Stock, 1956
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Cytherocopina
Family: Cytheridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Ostracoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: San Diego Bay, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:14:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1953
San Diego Bay, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Redekea californica is assumed to be NIS in the NEP because it is a commensal/parasite on the non-native
gribble Limnoria tripunctata. Its native region is not known. Since it is unclear whether R. californica has been reported
from the NEP recently, we consider its establishment as unknown.
1294
-------
Redekea californica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
X
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1295
-------
Spinileberis quadriaculeata
Species ID: 1547
Taxon: Ostracod
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Crustacea
Subclass: Podocopa
Order: Podocopida
Superfamily: Cytheroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Brady, 1880)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Cytherocopina
Family: Cytheridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Ostracoda
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cythere quadriaculeata
Spinileberis hyalina
Spinileberis hyalinus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:14:03 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
about 1965
Tomales Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1296
-------
Spinileberis quadriaculeata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 1.5 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
P
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 32psu] [Pref: 20 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1297
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Pycnogonida
1298
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1299
-------
Ammothella pacifica
Species ID: 170022
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hilton, 1942
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ammotheidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Oahu, Hawaii, USA (Waikiki Aquarium)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1930
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1300
-------
Ammothella pacifica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1301
-------
Anoplodactylus arescus
Species ID: 122855
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1959
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Phoxichilidiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1998
Barber's Point Harbor, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
X
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: In addition to Hawaii, Anoplodactylus arescus has been introduced into Brazil.
1302
-------
Anoplodactylus arescus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 5m] [Pref: 0 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1303
-------
Anoplodactylus californicus
Species ID: 11707
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hall, 1912
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Phoxichilidiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anoplodactylus portus Synonym
Anoplodactylus projectus Synonym
Anoplodactylus robustus Hilton, 1939; notDohrn, 1881 Misidentified
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1937 Native
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii Native
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Anoplodactylus californicus may consist of more than one species worldwide (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
Nonetheless, it appears that the form in Hawaii and the Mediterranean are introduced. Additionally, we suggest that the
form in California and the Eastern Tropical Pacific is native, though perhaps not the same species.
1304
-------
Anoplodactylus californicus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
X
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 100m] [Pref: 0 - 29m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 17 -
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
17%] X
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1305
-------
Anoplodactylus digitatus
Species ID: 15908
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bohm, 1879)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Phoxichilidiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anoplodactylus digitatus of Arnaud, 1974; not (Bohm, 1879
Anoplodactylus investigatoris
Anoplodactylus saxatilis
Phoxichilidium (Anoplodactylus) digitatum
Misidentified
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Singapore Strait
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
2000
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Anoplodactylus digitatus was described from the Singapore Straits, but the native region is unknown
(Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). It is considered introduced in Hawaii and the Mediterranean.
1306
-------
Anoplodactylus digitatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 600m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1307
-------
Anoplodactylus erectus
Species ID: 54
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cole, 1904
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Phoxichilidiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
<1942
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1308
-------
Anoplodactylus erectus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 182m] [Pref: 3 - 100m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: - 97.8%] X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 25 - 35.48psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1309
-------
Anoplodactylus marshallensis
Species ID: 123396
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Child, 1982
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Phoxichilidiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
2000
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1310
-------
Anoplodactylus marshallensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1311
-------
Anoplodactylus pycnosoma
Species ID: 170027
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Heifer, 1938)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Phoxichilidiidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bathypallenopsis trancatum
Peritrochia pycnosoma
Phoxichilidium trancatum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Kobe, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
2000
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We consider Anoplodactylus pycnosoma native to the Central Indo-Pacific and Japan but unclassified in
the Western Indo-Pacific and southern Australia.
1312
-------
Anoplodactylus pycnosoma
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 17m] [Pref: 0.5 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
O
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
O
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1313
-------
Endeis biseriata
Species ID: 170023
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily: Phoxichilidoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Stock, 1968
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eupantopodida
Family: Endeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Seget, W. New Guinea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1960
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on Carlton and Eldredge (2009), we list Endeis biseriata as native to the Central Indo-Pacific Region.
It has also been reported from the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Brazil.
1314
-------
Endeis biseriata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 37m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1315
-------
Endeis nodosa
Species ID: 170024
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily: Phoxichilidoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hilton, 1942
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eupantopodida
Family: Endeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1924
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1316
-------
Endeis nodosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 45m] [Pref: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1317
-------
Endeis procera
Species ID: 170025
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily: Phoxichilidoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Loman, 1908)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eupantopodida
Family: Endeidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1318
-------
Endeis procera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3.25 - 50m] [Pref: - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1319
-------
Pigrogromitus timsanus
Species ID: 122856
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily: Ascorhynchoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Caiman, 1927
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Eupantopodida
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Family: Ascorhynchoidea family ince Subfamily:
Common Names:
Clotenopsa prima
Synonym
Type Locality: Lake Timsah, Suez Canal, Egypt
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1930
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
laassSon [
NEP
1971
Bahia Ballenas, Mexico
Unknown
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Pigrogromitus timsanus is unknown. It is considered introduced in Hawaii (Carlton
and Eldredge, 2009) and the Mediterranean though the Mediterranean report is questionable (Zenetos et al., 2010).
Larvae were found in the Gulf of California in 1971, though we are unaware of any other records from the NEP.
1320
-------
Pigrogromitus timsanus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: - 33psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1321
-------
Tanystylum rehderi
Species ID: 123398
Taxon: Pycnogonid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Subclass:
Order: Pantopoda
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Child, 1970
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ammotheidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Pycnogonida
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Moorea, French Polynesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:15:09 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
2000
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) state that Tanystylum rehderi is native to the Indo-Pacific but likely
introduced to Guam.
1322
-------
Tanystylum rehderi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 18m] [Pref: 0 - llm]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
P
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1323
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Class: Insecta
1324
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1325
-------
Anisolabis maritima
Species ID: 1131
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Dermaptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bonelli, 1832)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Catadermaptera
Family: Carcinophoridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Forficula maritima
Synonym
maritime earwig
seaside earwig
Type Locality: Mediterranean Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1912
Laysan Island, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1921
Laguna Beach, California
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of the earwig, Anisolabis maritima, is unknown. We used regional classifications when
available, otherwise we listed it as unclassified. It has likely been transported via solid ballast and cargo.
1326
-------
Anisolabis maritima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1327
-------
Atrichopogon jacobsoni
Species ID: 220014
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (de Meijere, 1907)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Nematocera
Family: Ceratopogonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Culicomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Atrichopogon cavernarum
Ceratopogon jacobsoni
Synonym
Synonym
biting midge (Atrichopogon jacobsoni)
Type Locality: Java, Indonesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1958
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Atrichopogon jacobsoni was first recorded from Hawaii in 1958. It is reported as having originated from
"Oriental and Pacific regions", including India and China. It was found in estuarine waters in Hawaii (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009), though it generally appears to be a terrestrial species, including being found in caves (Wirth, 1980).
1328
-------
Atrichopogon jacobsoni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1329
-------
Atrichopogon sp. (Carlton & Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 220015
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Nematocera
Family: Ceratopogonidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Culicomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
biting midge (Atrichopogon sp. (Carlton & Eldredge.
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1998
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Atrichopogon sp. (Carlton Eldredge, 2009) was first reported from Hawaii in 1998. It occurs in Hawaiian
streams at salinities ranging from 15 to 43 psu. As is true for biting midges in general, the adult is presumably terrestrial.
1330
-------
Atrichopogon sp. (Carlton & Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 43psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1331
-------
Brachydeutera ibari
Species ID: 220022
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ninomya, 1930
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily: Parydrinae
Common Names:
Brachydeutera argentata of authors; not Walker, 1853
Misidentified
shore fly (Brachydeutera ibari)
Type Locality: Honshu, Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1980
Kahoolawe, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Brachydeutera ibari is native to Asia and was first reported from Hawaii in 1980. Carlton and Eldredge
(2009) reported it from estuarine water in a Hawaiian stream while Englund et al. (2000a) only found it in freshwater
reaches of Hawaiian streams. We assume the adult primarily occurs in coastal fringes.
1332
-------
Brachydeutera ibari
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1333
-------
Canaceoides angulatus
Species ID: 220011
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wirth, 1969
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Canaceidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Canaceoides nudatas of authors, in part
Misidentified
beach fly (Canaceoides angulatus)
surf fly (Canaceoides angulatus)
surge fly (Canaceoides angulatus)
Type Locality: Oahu, Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1922
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Canaceoides angulatus was first described from Hawaii in 1922. Nonetheless, it is considered introduced to
Hawaii and native to tropical and subtropical Eastern Pacific, North and South America (Englund et al., 2000a; Carlton
and Eldredge, 2009). It has been found in freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats.
1334
-------
Canaceoides angulatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1335
-------
Cercyon fimbriatum
Species ID: 11777
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Coleoptera
Superfamily: Hydrophiloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Mannerheim, 1852
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Family: Hydrophilidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Staphyliniformia
Subfamily: Sphaeridiinae
Common Names:
Cercyon (Cercyon) fimbriatum
Cercyon fimbriatus
Convention
Convention
beach beetle (Cercyon fimbriatum)
water scavenger beetle (Cercyon fimbriatum)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
2001
Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Cercyon fimbriatum is a beetle found in high intertidal zones and rocky shores. It is native to Pacific North
America. The first record of this taxon in Hawaii is from 2001.
1336
-------
Cercyon fimbriatum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - Om] [Pref: 0 - Om]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1337
-------
Ceropsilopa coquilletti
Species ID: 220023
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cresson, 1922
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
shore fly (Ceropsilopa coquilletti)
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1946
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The fly, Ceropsilopa coquilletti, was described from California and considered to be a Nearctic species. It
was first reported from Hawaii in 1946 where it occurs in a variety of freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats,
including saline streams with salinities up to 43 psu, mangroves, wetlands, and mud banks (Englund et al., 2000a).
1338
-------
Ceropsilopa coquilletti
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
Meso
Bathyal
Epi-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 43psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1339
-------
Clasiopella uncinata
Species ID: 220024
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hendel, 1914
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Psilopa giordanii
Synonym
Type Locality: Formosa (Taiwan)
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
1946
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Clasiopella uncinata is native to Taiwan and Australasia. Early records from Midway Island, Caribbean,
and Kenya were interceptions on airplanes, a likely vector for this species. These flies are found among both red and
black mangroves and in saline streams.
1340
-------
Clasiopella uncinata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 39psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1341
-------
Cricotopus bicinctus
Species ID: 6069
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Meigen, 1818)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Nematocera
Family: Chironomidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Culicomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chironomus bicinctus
Synonym
midge (Cricotopus bicinctus)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1955 Unknown
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii Unknown
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Cricotopus bicinctus is a widespread Afrotropical and Holarctic midge, it was first reported from Hawaii in
1955. In Hawaii, it occurs in brackish streams with salinities up to 9 psu, as well as in high elevations (>1220 m).
1342
-------
Cricotopus bicinctus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 9psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
X
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1343
-------
Crocothemis servilia
Species ID: 220002
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Odonata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Drury, 1770)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Palaeoptera
Suborder:
Family: Libellulidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
scarlet skimmer dragonfly
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1994
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The scarlet skimmer dragonfly, Crocothemis servilia, is native to the Middle East, Asia, and Australia, and
introduced in Hawaii (Englund, 2002a) and southern Florida (Rodgers, 2010). It is one of the most common and
widespread odonate species in the world, occurring in artificial and highly disturbed habitats (IUCN Redlist).
1344
-------
Crocothemis servilia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1345
-------
Cyclodinus mundulus
Species ID: 220010
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Coleoptera
Superfamily: Tenebrionoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Sharp, 1885)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Family: Anthicidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anthicus mundulus
Synonym
ant-like beetle
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1895 Native
Oahu and Kauai, Hawaii Native
Unknown Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
X
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The maritime beetle Cyclodinus mundulus was introduced into Hawaii, however, it has not been observed
for more than 50 years and may be extinct (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1346
-------
Cyclodinus mundulus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1347
-------
Dolichopus exsul
Species ID: 220018
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Aldrich, 1922
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Dolichopodidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Dolichopus angustinervus
Dolichopus sigmatifer
Synonym
Synonym
long-legged fly (Dolichopus exsul)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1930
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Dolichopus exsul was first recorded from Hawaii in 1930. In Hawaii it is found in hypersaline
environments at salinities up to 38 psu. Carlton and Eldredge (2009) suggest that it is native to the Caribbean region,
however Evenhuis (1989) lists it as occcurring in China, Taiwan, and India.
1348
-------
Dolichopus exsul
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 38psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1349
-------
Donaceus nigronotatus
Species ID: 220026
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cresson, 1943
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
shore fly (Donaceus nigronotatus)
Type Locality: Taiwan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1958
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Donaceus nigronotatus is an Asian species described from Taiwan and recorded in Hawaii in 1958.
Transport on airplanes is a likely vector for the spread of this generalist species (Englund et al, 2000a).
1350
-------
Donaceus nigronotatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 39psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1351
-------
Enallagma civile
Species ID: 220000
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Odonata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hagen, 1862
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Palaeoptera
Suborder: Zygoptera
Family: Coenagrionidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Agrion plebeium
Agrion simile
Synonym
Synonym
familiar bluet damselfly
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Date 1st record: 1936
Native
Loc 1st record: Oahu, Hawaii Native
Established: Yes
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R AE AA
AO PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC SF HR O
Comments: Enallagma civile is native to Western North America, but numerous eastern American records exist.
1352
-------
Enallagma civile
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 24psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1353
-------
Enochrus say/'
Species ID: 220007
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Coleoptera
Superfamily: Hydrophiloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gundersen, 1977
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Family: Hydrophilidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Staphyliniformia
Subfamily:
Common Names:
scavenger beetle (Enochras sayi)
water scavenger beetle (Enochrus sayi)
Type Locality: Okeechobee, Florida, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1937
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Enochrus sayi was first recorded from Hawaii in 1937. These beetles are attracted to light and may be
transported between islands by ships or planes.
1354
-------
Enochrus say/
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 16psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
X
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1355
-------
Ephydra gracilis
Species ID: 1132
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Packard, 1871
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ephydra cinerea
Synonym
brine fly (Ephydra gracilis)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1946
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Ephydra gracilis is native to California. A population explosion occurred in Hawaii shortly after its arrival
in 1946 but then crashed and was not observed again until 1998 (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). Its introduction is
blamed on seaplanes flying from California to Oahu.
1356
-------
Ephydra gracilis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 38psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1357
-------
Ephydra millbrae
Species ID: 220027
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Jones, 1906
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
brine fly (Ephydra millbrae)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient || Unclassified 11 classification Unidentified
Hawaii NEP
1950 Native
Hawaii Native
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Ephydra millbrae is reported as native to California, with the first record from Hawaii reported in 1950.
1358
-------
Ephydra millbrae
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 44psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1359
-------
Goeldichironomus holoprasinus
Species ID: 220016
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Goeldi, 1905)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Nematocera
Family: Chironomidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Culicomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
non-biting midge
Type Locality: Brazil
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1969
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Goeldichironomus holoprasinus is native to north and south America.
1360
-------
Goeldichironomus holoprasinus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
SF
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1361
-------
Hecamede granifera
Species ID: 220028
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Thomson, 1869
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hecamede (Hecamede) granifera
Hecamede femoralis
Hecamede lacteipennis
Hecamede nivea
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
shore fly (Hecamede granifera)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1923
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Hecamede granifera is native to the Western/South Pacific with records from both Guam and Sri Lanka. It
was first reported from Hawaii in 1923 and occurs in sea shore habitats and saline streams.
1362
-------
Hecamede granifera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 22m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 43psu] [Pref: - 37psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
X
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1363
-------
Hostis guamensis
Species ID: 220048
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cresson, 1945
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Discocerina rattii
Synonym
Type Locality: Guam
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1946
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Hostis guamensis is an Australasian species first recorded from Hawaii in 1946. It is reported as having
invaded Madagascar as well and is noted to have an "Afrotropical" distribution. The type specimen is from an airplane
that landed on Guam, and airplanes are a likely vector for this species.
1364
-------
Hostis guamensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
X
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1365
-------
Ischnura ramburii
Species ID: 220001
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Odonata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Selys-Longchamps, 1850)
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Palaeoptera
Suborder: Zygoptera
Family: Coenagrionidae
Agrion aurantiaca
Agrion credula
Agrion defixa
Agrion expertum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Rambur's forktail damselfly
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
1973
Hilea, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ischnura ramburii is native to North and South America and, based on numerous records, appears to be
primarily eastern American. Reproduction occurs in freshwater, but all other life stages occur around salt water
environments.
1366
-------
Ischnura ramburii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - IQpsu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1367
-------
Kleidotoma bryani
Species ID: 220047
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Hymenoptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yoshimoto, 1962
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder:
Family: Eucoilidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Kleidotoma (Kleidotoma) bryani
Convention
Type Locality: Oahu, Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1923
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Although originally described from Hawaii, Carlton and Eldredge (2009) list Kleidotoma bryani as
introduced to Hawaii and native to Guam and Palmyra Islands. This wasp appears to be a parasite of an unknown
littoral fly.
1368
-------
Kleidotoma bryani
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
X
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1369
-------
Medetera grisescens
Species ID: 220019
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Meijere, 1916
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Dolichopodidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Medetera atrata
Medetera cilifemorata
Medetera hawaiiensis of VanDuzee, 1933
Medetera palmae
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
long-legged fly (Medetera grisescens)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1914
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Medetera grisescens is a wide-spread tramp species, thought to be native to the Australasia region. It was
first recorded from Hawaii in 1914.
1370
-------
Medetera grisescens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 38psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1371
-------
Mesovelia amoena
Species ID: 220004
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Hemiptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Uhler, 1894
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder:
Family: Mesoveliidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mesovelia douglasensis
Synonym
water treader (Mesovelia amoena)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1971
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Mesovelia amoena is native to North and South America. This species is apparently parthenogenetic in
Hawaii as males are unknown (Englund et al., 2000a).
1372
-------
Mesovelia amoena
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 9psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF
DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA V
X
T SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR
LP-B
LP-P
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
X
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1373
-------
Mesovelia mulsanti
Species ID: 220005
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Hemiptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: White, 1879
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder:
Family: Mesoveliidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mesovelia bisignata
Mesovelia mulsanti bisignata
Synonym
Convention
shore bug (Mesovelia mulsanti)
water treader (Mesovelia mulsanti)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1933
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Mesovelia mulsanti is native to North and South America and there are many records of this taxon in
coastal Argentina. "Winged and apterous forms were observed moving across the water surface, lily pads, algal masses
and other aquatic vegetation. Eggs are laid in aquatic plant tissue." (Englund et al., 2000a).
1374
-------
Mesovelia mulsanti
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 4.5psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
X
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1375
-------
Micracanthia humilis
Species ID: 220006
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Hemiptera
Superfamily: Leptopodoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Say, 1832)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Family: Saldidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Leptopodomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
shore bug (Micracanthia humilis)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1988
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
1376
-------
Micracanthia humilis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 28psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1377
-------
Mosillus tibialis
Species ID: 220029
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Cresson, 1916
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gymnopa tibialis
Synonym
shore fly (Mosillus tibialis)
Type Locality: Wildwood, New Jersey, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1944
Molokai, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Mosillus tibialis is a widespread species in temperate North America. It was first reported from Hawaii in
1944 and was likely introduced from the Western U.S. by commerce.
1378
-------
Mosillus tibialis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
O
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 38 - 43psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1379
-------
Orasiopa mera
Species ID: 220025
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Cresson, 1939)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Discocerina mera
Synonym
shore fly (Orasiopa mera)
Type Locality: Taiwan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1948
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Orasiopa mera (= Discocerina mera) is native to the western/southern Pacific Ocean and was first reported
from Hawaii in 1948.
1380
-------
Orasiopa mera
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 39psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1381
-------
Parathroscinus murphyi
Species ID: 220009
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Coleoptera
Superfamily: Byrrhoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Woolridge, 1990
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Family: Limnichidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Elateriformia
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Parathrocinus cf. murphyi of Englund et al., 2000
Ambiguous syn.
minute marsh-loving beetle (Parathroscinus murphyi)
small mangrove mudflat beetle
Type Locality: Singapore
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1996
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Parathroscinus murphyi is native to Southeast Asia (holotype described from Singapore). This beetle was
first recorded from Hawaii in 1996 and has become abundant in mangrove habitats. Carlton and Eldredge (2009)
suggest that it was introduced via ballast water.
1382
-------
Parathroscinus murphyi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1383
-------
Paratissa pollinosa
Species ID: 220030
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Williston, 1896)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Drosophila pollinosa
Paratissa semilutea of authors in part
Synonym
Misidentified
shore fly (Paratissa pollinosa)
Type Locality: St. Vincent, West Indies
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1945
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Paratissa pollinosa is native to the Caribbean and South America and was first recorded from Hawaii in
1945.
1384
-------
Paratissa pollinosa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
P
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
P
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1385
-------
Placopsidella marquesana
Species ID: 220031
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Malloch, 1933)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily: Psilopinae
Common Names:
Placopsidella cynocephala of Hawaiian authors; not Kertesz,
Misidentified
shore fly (Placopsidella marquesana)
Type Locality: New Guinea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1951
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Placopsidella marquesana is described from New Guinea and has a broad Indo-Pacific distribution. The
first record from Hawaii is 1951. Recent collections from Oahu include areas with relatively little or no freshwater
input, with salinities as high as 42 psu (Englund et al., 2000a).
1386
-------
Placopsidella marquesana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
O
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 30 - 42psu]
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1387
-------
Procanace williamsi
Species ID: 220012
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Wirth, 1951
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily: Nocticanacinae
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Canaceidae
beach fly (Procanace williamsi)
Type Locality: Kalihi, Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
1944
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Procanace williamsi is reported as native to Japan and was first recognized in Hawaii in 1944. It is now one
of the most common beach flies found on Oahu, Hawaii (Englund et al., 2000a). It may have been introduced by
airplanes.
1388
-------
Procanace williamsi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1389
-------
Prokelisia marginata
Species ID: 3325
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Hemiptera
Superfamily: Fulgoroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Van Duzee, 1897)
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Fulguromorpha
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Family: Delphacidae
delphaeid planthopper
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon [
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Prokelisia marginata is an herbivore on Spartina on the east coast of the U.S. and was introduced into
Willapa Bay, Washington as a biocontrol.
1390
-------
Prokelisia marginata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1391
-------
Pselactus spadix
Species ID: 101843
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Coleoptera
Superfamily: Curculionoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Herbst, 1795)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Family: Curculionidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Cucujiformia
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Curculio spadix
Synonym
marine wood boring weevil
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
u
Cryptogenic Transient •• Unclassified
Hawaii NEP
1966
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Pselactus spadix is a wood boring weevil that occurs from the mid-tide through the splash zone.
1392
-------
Pselactus spadix
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
X
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1393
-------
Psilopa girschneri
Species ID: 220032
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Roder, 1889
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Psilopa dimidiata
Psilopa olga
Synonym
Synonym
shore fly (Psilopa girschneri)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1952
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Psilopa girschneri is a broadly distributed Northern hemisphere taxon. It was first reported from Hawaii in
1952, where it can occur in salinities as high as 43 psu (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1394
-------
Psilopa girschneri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 15 - 43psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1395
-------
Psychoda salicornia
Species ID: 220021
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Quate, 1954
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Nematocera
Family: Psychodidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Psychodomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
moth fly
Type Locality: San Francisco and Tomales Bays, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1945
Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Psychoda salicornia appears to be native to California and was first reported from Hawaii in 1945. This fly
is found on pickleweed, Salicornia (Sarcocornia) in its native California. It has not been definitively reported from
Hawaii since 1946; thus we consider its establishment as unknown.
1396
-------
Psychoda salicornia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - Om] [Pref: 0 - Om]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1397
-------
Scatella stagnalis
Species ID: 220033
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Fallen, 1813)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Ephydridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Scatella (Scatella) stagnalis
Convention
shore fly (Scatella stagnalis)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1967
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Scatella stagnalis is broadly distributed in the Northern hemisphere. It was first recorded from Hawaii in
1967.
1398
-------
Scatella stagnalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - Om]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 43psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1399
-------
Syntormon flexible
Species ID: 220020
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Becker, 1922
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Dolichopodidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Syntormon distortitarsis
Syntormon flexibile
Synonym
Convention
long-legged fly (Syntormon flexible)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1917
Kauai, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Syntormon flexible is considered native to the Indo-West Pacific, and was first reported from Hawaii in
1917.
1400
-------
Syntormon flexible
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 37psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1401
-------
Telmatogeton japonicus
Species ID: 220017
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Tokunaga, 1933
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Nematocera
Family: Chironomidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Culicomorpha
Subfamily: Orthocladiinae
Common Names:
Telmatogeton remanei
Synonym
giant midge
marine splash midge
maritime non-biting midge
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1946
Hilo, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Telmatogeton japonicus is native to Japan and first reported from Hawaii in 1946. Flies are associated with
algae, including Ulva sp. and Enteromorpha sp. According to ICES (2005), hull fouling (above the water line) is a
likely vector.
1402
-------
Telmatogeton japonicus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
P
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1403
-------
Tethina willistoni
Species ID: 220013
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Melander, 1913)
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Canaceidae
Tethina variseta
Synonym
beach fly (Tethina willistoni)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1919
Oahu, Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Tethina willistoni is classified as a Western Atlantic species (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1404
-------
Tethina willistoni
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
X
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 42psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1405
-------
Thambemyia borealis
Species ID: 3374
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Diptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Takagi, 1965)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Family: Dolichopodidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Muscomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Conchopus borealis
Synonym
long-legged fly (Thambemyia borealis)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
<1999
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Thambemyia borealis lays its eggs in the interspaces between barnacles. The larvae are thought to prey
mainly on other larval Diptera living among the barnacles. According to Schlinger (2007), it is an Asian species
introduced to California, Alabama, and Peru.
1406
-------
Thambemyia borealis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
LEVEL
S
X
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1407
-------
Tramea lacerata
Species ID: 220003
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Odonata
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Hagen, 1862
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Palaeoptera
Suborder:
Family: Libellulidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
black saddlebags
black-mantled glider dragonfly
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1873
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Tramea lacerata is native to eastern North America. It was first recorded on Hawaii in 1873.
1408
-------
Tramea lacerata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 24psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1409
-------
Trichocorixa reticulata
Species ID: 4717
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Hemiptera
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Guerin-Meneville, 1857)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Family: Corixidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Arctocorixa blackburni
Corixa blackburni
Synonym
Synonym
reticulate water boatman
water boatman (Trichocorixa reticulata)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient
Hawaii
Unclassified
Unidentified
NEP
1877 Native
Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii Native
Yes Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: The water boatman, Trichocorixa reticulata is a well-known North American taxon that inhabits brackish to
high saline pools.
1410
-------
Trichocorixa reticulata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1.65m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
O
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P O
P
Epi-Deep
O Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 43psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
X
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1411
-------
Trigonotylus uhleri
Species ID: 1135
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Hemiptera
Superfamily: Miroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Reuter, 1876)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Family: Miridae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Cimicomorpha
Subfamily:
Common Names:
cordgrass bug
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1993
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: The NWA Trigonotylus uhleri was first found in the San Francisco Estuary in 1993. It is an herbivore on
Spartina and may have been accidently transported with Spartina imported for erosion control (Cohen and Carlton,
1995). However, it has little effect on the invasive populations of Spartina in San Francisco (Daehler and Strong, 1995).
1412
-------
Trigonotylus uhleri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 2 - 13psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1413
-------
Tropisternus salsamentus
Species ID: 220008
Taxon: Insects
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Subclass: Pterygota
Order: Coleoptera
Superfamily: Hydrophiloidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Fall, 1901
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Neoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Family: Hydrophilidae
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Superorder:
Infraorder: Staphyliniformia
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Tropisternis salsamentus
Convention
water scavenger beetle (Tropisternus salsamentus)
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:04:13 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1968
Maui, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Tropisternus salsamentus was first reported from Hawaii in 1968. Englund (2002) suggested that ballast
water was a likely vector; however since it is attracted to light we suggest that other possible vectors include airplanes
or ship cargo.
1414
-------
Tropisternus salsamentus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
O
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
O
Supralittoral
O
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 24psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1415
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Subphylum: Asterozoa
1416
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1417
-------
Ophiactis savignyi
Species ID: 15871
Taxon: Ophiuroid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Asterozoa
Subclass:
Order: Ophiurida
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Miiller & Troschel, 1842)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Cryptosyringida
Infraclass:
Suborder: Ophiurina
Family: Ophiactidae
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Ophiuroidea
Superorder:
Infraorder: Gnathophiurina
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ophiactis brocki
Ophiactis incisa
Ophiactis krebsii
Ophiolepis savignyi
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
savigny's brittle star
Type Locality: Egypt
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:24:30 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1847-1849
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ophiactis savignyi is considered native to the Indo-Pacific, though based on nested clade analyses and its
fouling habitat, Carlton and Eldredge (2009) classify it as NIS in Hawaii. Paulay et al. (2002) classify it as cryptogenic
in Guam and note that it is a species complex. We list it as a conflict in Hawaii, Guam, and Samoa.
1418
-------
Ophiactis savignyi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 550m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF X
DF-SUR X DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
X
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1419
-------
Strongylocentrotus intermedius
Species ID: 100674
Taxon: Echinoid
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Asterozoa
Subclass: Euechinoidea
Order: Camarodonta
Superfamily: Odontophora
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Agassiz, 1863)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass: Carinacea
Suborder:
Family: Strongylocentrotidae
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Echinoidea
Superorder: Echinacea
Infraorder: Echinidea
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 11:24:30 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Date 1st record: 1989
Loc 1st record: Dalian, China
Established: Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Strongylocentrotus intermedius was introduced from Japan to the Yellow Sea for aquaculture and has
established a wild population at Dalian.
1420
-------
Strongylocentrotus intermedius
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1421
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Tunicata
1422
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1423
-------
Ascidia archaia
Species ID: 170004
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Sluiter, 1890
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia aperta
Ascidia corelloides
Ascidia rhabdophora
Phallusia corelloides
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Bay of Jakarta (as Djakarta), Indonesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1940
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ascidia archaia is a western Pacific and Indo-Pacific tunicate that has been introduced into Hawaii (Carlton
and Eldredge, 2009), Caribbean (Rocha, 2010), and Eastern Pacific (Bullard et al., 2011). It occurs in southern China,
though apparently not the NWP region.
1424
-------
Ascidia archaia
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1425
-------
Ascidia sp. (Lambert and Lambert, 1998)
Species ID: 1148
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Lambert & Lambert, 1998
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia sp. (Cohen and Carlton 1995)
Ascidia sp. A Lambert
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1983
Marina del Rey and San Diego
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1426
-------
Ascidia sp. (Lambert and Lambert, 1998)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1427
-------
Ascidia species A (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170009
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1997
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1428
-------
Ascidia species A (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1429
-------
Ascidia species B (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170010
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
<1997
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1430
-------
Ascidia species B (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1431
-------
Ascidia sydneiensis
Species ID: 122872
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Stimpson, 1855
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
yellow-green sea squirt
Type Locality: Port Jackson, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1930s
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
<1945
Gulf of California, Mexico
Unknown
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ascidia sydneiensis is a southern hemisphere species (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) introduced in Pacific
and Caribbean Panama (Carman et al., 2011), Guam (Lambert, 2002), India (Ali et al, 2009), and South Africa (Mead
et al., 2011). We classify it as introduced in the Gulf of California and Atlantic and cryptogenic in the NWP.
1432
-------
Ascidia sydneiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 60m] [Pref: 10 - 25m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1433
-------
Ascidia zara
Species ID: 1149
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Oka, 1935
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1984
Long Beach Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1434
-------
Ascidia zara
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 8 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 34 - 35.5psu] [Pref: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1435
-------
Ascidiella aspersa
Species ID: 120194
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Miiller, 1776)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia aculeata
Ascidia affinis
Ascidia albida
Ascidia aspersa
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
dirty sea squirt
European sea squirt
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 2009
Loc 1st record: Funka Bay, Japan
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1436
-------
Ascidiella aspersa
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 40psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1437
-------
Bostrichobranchus pilularis
Species ID: 3339
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Verrill, 1871)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Molgulidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bostrichobranchus manhattensis
Eugyra pilularis
Eugyriopsis manhattensis
Herdmania bostrichobranchus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1992
San Dieguito Lagoon, CA
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: Bostrichobranchus pilularis is a Northwest Atlantic species that was common in San Dieguito Lagoon in
Southern California in 1992. However, it has not been reported since (Lambert and Lambert, 1998; CANOD, 2009),
and may be extinct in California. Reports from the Aleutians and Arctic were in 1986-1988 (GBIF and OBIS).
1438
-------
Bostrichobranchus pilularis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 219m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
P
Abyssal
O
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1439
-------
Botrylloides diegensis
Species ID: 2444
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Ritter & Forsyth, 1917
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Botryllus diegense
Synonym
chain sea squirt
Type Locality: San Diego, California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1969
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Unknown
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Botrylloides diegensis is classified as native in the NEP by CANOD (2009) and Lambert and Lambert
(2003), who state that it and the nonindigenous B. violaceus were not recognized as separate species in California until
1997. However, Carlton (2009) regards it "as introduced from the Western or South Pacific."
1440
-------
Botrylloides diegensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 12m] [Pref: 1 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 24.5 - 34psu] [Pref: 26 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B X
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1441
-------
Botrylloides perspicuus
Species ID: 2396
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Herdman, 1886
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Botrylloides firmus
Botrylloides perspicuum
Botryllus firmus
Botryllus perspicuus
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Philippines
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1997
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Botrylloides perspicuus is an Indo-Pacific ascidian that has been introduced into the NEP, Chile, and the
Caribbean. It has been reported from the Yellow Sea (Liu, 2008) but it is not clear whether this is a native or introduced
distribution. Monniot and Monniot (2001) synonymized Botryllus firmus with B. perspicuous.
1442
-------
Botrylloides perspicuus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 7 - 170m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1443
-------
Botrylloides simodensis
Species ID: 170005
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Saito & Watanabe, 1981
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
orange sheath tunicate
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1998
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1444
-------
Botrylloides simodensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1445
-------
Botrylloides sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170012
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1973
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1446
-------
Botrylloides sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1447
-------
Botrylloides sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009)
Species ID: 101265
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Lambert
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2006
Santa Barbara Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
1448
-------
Botrylloides sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1449
-------
Botrylloides viol ace us
Species ID: 2398
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Oka, 1927
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Botrylloides aurantium
Botrylloides aurantius
Botrylloides carnosum
Botrylloides lateritium
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
chain tunicate
violet tunicate
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1945?
Southern California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1450
-------
Botrylloides violaceus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 20 - 38psu] [Pref: 26 - 38psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1451
-------
Botryllus schlosseri
Species ID: 1151
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Pallas, 1766)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Alcyonium schlosseri
Botryllus gouldii
Botryllus polycyclus
Botryllus rubens
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
golden star tunicate
harbor stars
star tunicate
Type Locality: Falmouth, English Channel
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1947
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: CANOD (2009) consider Botryllus schlosseri native to Europe, and Zenetos et al. (2010) does not list it as
introduced in the Mediterranean. Olenin and Didziulis (2009) list it as an alien in Europe and Mead et al. (2011)
consider the native region to be unknown. We list the NEA as a conflict and tentatively introduced in other regions.
1452
-------
Botryllus schlosseri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 200m] [Pref: 1 - 18m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 14 - 44psu] [Pref: 25 - 38psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1453
-------
Botryllus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170011
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1973
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1454
-------
Botryllus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1455
-------
Botryllus sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009)
Species ID: 3557
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Lambert
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Botryllus sp. (Cohen and Carlton 1995)
Botryllus sp. A (Cohen et al. 2002)
Botryllus sp. A (Lambert)
Convention
Convention
Convention
Type Locality: California, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1980
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1456
-------
Botryllus sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1457
-------
dona intestinalis
Species ID: 1153
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1767)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Cionidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia canina
Ascidia intestinalis
Ciona canina
Ciona sociabilis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
sea vase
smooth sea bottle
vase tunicate
yellow sea-squirt
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1965s
Loc 1st record: Busan, Korea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient II Unclassified
Hawaii
1933
Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1897
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1458
-------
dona intestinalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 500m] [Pref: 4.5 - 8.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 33.63 - 89.8%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
O
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 12 - 40psu] [Pref: - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1459
-------
dona savignyi
Species ID: 1154
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Herdman, 1882
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Cionidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ciona intestinalis of NEP authors in part; not (Linnaeus, 176
Partial synonym
transparent tunicate
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 2004
Loc 1st record: Peter the Great Bay, Russia
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
NEP
1903
Loring, Alaska
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ciona savignyi was introduced into the NEP from its native Japan (Abbott et al., 2007). However,
Zvyagintsev et al. (2007a) report it as introduced into Peter the Great Bay. This introduction into Peter the Great Bay
may be a range expansion within the Sea of Japan rather than a new introduction at the ecoregion scale.
1460
-------
dona savignyi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 6m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 26 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1461
-------
Cnemidocarpa Irene
Species ID: 122873
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hartmeyer, 1906)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cnemidocarpa areolata of NWP authors
Cnemidocarpa hartogi
Cnemidocarpa irma
Cnemidocarpa legalli
Misidentified
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1940
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Cnemidocarpa irene is the Indo-West Pacific (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009), though, it
was classified as cryptogenic in Guam by Lambert (2002). We classify it as native in Southern Australia based on its
proximity to the native Indo-West Pacific populations.
1462
-------
Cnemidocarpa Irene
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 6 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1463
-------
Corella minuta
Species ID: 122874
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Traustedt, 1882
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Corellidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Corella japonica of authors
Misidentified
Type Locality: Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
<1997
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) note that the native range of Corella minuta is unknown, but classify it as
introduced in Hawaii while Lambert (2003b) lists it as native in Guam. Carlton and Eldredge also suggest that it was
introduced into the Caribbean even though the type location is the Virgin Islands.
1464
-------
Corella minuta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 48m] [Pref: - 14m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1465
-------
Didemnum candidum Cmplx
Species ID: 4402
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Aplousobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Savignyi, 1816
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Didemnidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Didemnum candidum of authors
Leptoclinum annectens
Leptoclinum cretaceum
Leptoclinum speciosum
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
Ambiguous syn.
white didemnid
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1996
Loc 1st record: Geojedo Island, Korea
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
1930
Pearl and Hermes Reefs, HI
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
2002
Isla Lobos, Mexico
Unknown
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Though the distribution of Didemnum candidum is confounded by the likely presence of several species,
Carlton and Eldredge (2009) state that it is "possibly of Eastern North Atlantic origin" and it is not in the list of
European invaders (Olenin and Didziulis, 2009). We classify it as NIS in the Pacific based on an Atlantic origin.
1466
-------
Didemnum candidum Cmplx
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 368m] [Pref: 0 - 64m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
O
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 26 - 46psu] [Pref: 30 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1467
-------
Didemnum perlucidum
Species ID: 123402
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Aplousobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Monniot, 1983
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Didemnidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Guadeloupe
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1999
Keehi Lagoon, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Didemnum perlucidum is unknown, though it is considered introduced in Hawaii
(Carlton and Eldredge, 2009), Guam (Lambert, 2002), and Pacific Panama (Carman et al, 2011).
1468
-------
Didemnum perlucidum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1469
-------
Didemnum psammatode
Species ID: 100623
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Aplousobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Sluiter, 1895)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Didemnidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Didemnum dorotubu
Didemnum siphoniatum
Didemnum skeati
Didemnum venosum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
chocolate tunicate
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1998
Keehi Lagoon, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) list the Indo-Pacific as the native region for Didemnum psammatode and
suggest that it is introduced in the Atlantic. We consider the native region to be unknown and use regional
classifications when available; otherwise we list it as unclassified.
1470
-------
Didemnum psammatode
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
1471
-------
Didemnum vexillum
Species ID: 100771
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Aplousobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Kott, 2002
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Didemnidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Didemnum helgolandicum of NEA authors, in part
Didemnum carnulentum of NEP authors in part
Didemnum cf. lahillei
Didemnum lahillei of NEA authors, in part
Misidentified
Misidentified
Ambiguous syn.
Misidentified
Type Locality: Whangamata, New Zealand
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1997
Half-Moon Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The taxonomy of this non-native Didemnum has been confused, but we follow Lambert (2009) and assume
that Japan is the likely origin for Didemnum vexillum, though Kott (2004) considers it indigenous to New Zealand.
Hull or sea chest fouling seems like the most likely vectors.
1472
-------
Didemnum vexillum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 65m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 26 - 36psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
X
SF
X
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1473
-------
Diplosoma listerianum
Species ID: 2391
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Aplousobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Milne-Edwards, 1841)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Didemnidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Astellium spongiforme
Didemnum gelatinosum
Diplosoma atropunctatum
Diplosoma crystallinum
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
compound sea squirt
diplosoma tunicate
Type Locality: English Channel
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1900
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1917
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Diplosoma listerianum is not known. We classify it as NIS or cryptogenic based on
regional classifications and unclassified elsewhere.
1474
-------
Diplosoma listerianum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 80m] [Pref: 1 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 24 - 34psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1475
-------
Ecteinascidia imperfecta
Species ID: 170003
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Tokioka, 1950
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Perophoridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ecteinascidia remanea
Synonym
Type Locality: Palau Island
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1979
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1476
-------
Ecteinascidia imperfecta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
P
CA
O
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1477
-------
Eusynstyela hartmeyeri
Species ID: 15893
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Michaelsen, 1904
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cnemidocarpa hartmeyeri
Eusynstyela aliena
Michaelsenia tincta
Polyandrocarpa violacea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Indian Ocean and New Caladonia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1998
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Eusynstyela hartmeyeri is native to the Indian Ocean, and has been introduced to Hawaii (Carlton and
Eldredge, 2009), Mediterranean (Shenkar and Loya, 2009), New Caledonia and Hong Kong (Monniot and Monniot,
2001).
1478
-------
Eusynstyela hartmeyeri
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 5 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1479
-------
Halocynthia roretzi
Species ID: 100720
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Drasche, 1884)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyuridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cynthia roretzi
Tethyum roretzi
Synonym
Synonym
sea pineapple
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Liaoning and Shandong, China
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi is native to Japan. It is cultured in Korea and Chavanich et al.
(2010) and Seo and Lee (2008) listed it as introduced into the Yellow Sea and Korea, respectively. However, it is not
clear whether it occurs naturally in the Yellow Sea, so we list this as a conflict.
1480
-------
Halocynthia roretzi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 6 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1481
-------
Herdmania mauritiana
Species ID: 170007
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Drasche, 1884)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyuridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cynthia mauritiana
Herdmania insolita
Synonym
Ambiguous syn.
Type Locality: Mauritius
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1985
Keehi Lagoon, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Nishikawa (2002c) synonymized Herdmania insolita with H. mauritiana, though WoRMS and Lambert
(2003b) list it as a valid species. Lambert classified H. insolita as cryptogenic in Guam while Carlton and Eldredge
(2009) classified H. mauritiana as introduced in Hawaii and native in the Indo-Pacific.
1482
-------
Herdmania mauritiana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 7m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1483
-------
Herdmania momus
Species ID: 15894
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Savigny, 1816)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Pyuridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cynthia momus
Cynthia papietensis
Herdmania contorta
Herdmania momus curvata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
Herdman's sea
red throated ascidian
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1930s
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Herdmania momus reported in the Atlantic may be H. pallida. Thus, we classify it as cryptogenic in the
Atlantic at this time.
1484
-------
Herdmania momus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 50m] [Pref: 10 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: - 40.5psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1485
-------
Herdmania pallida
Species ID: 123403
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Heller, 1878)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyuridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cynthia pallida in part
Herdmania sp. of Coles et al., 2002
Partial synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1972
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to Carlton and Eldredge (2009), Herdmania pallida is an Indo-Pacific species, though it has been
classified as NIS in southern India (Ali et al., 2009) and cryptogenic in Guam (Lambert, 2002). Assuming a general
Indo-Pacific origin, we classify H. pallida as NIS in the Atlantic.
1486
-------
Herdmania pallida
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 100m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
X
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1487
-------
Lissoclinum fragile
Species ID: 170002
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Aplousobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Van Name, 1902)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Aplousobranchia
Family: Didemnidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Diplosoma fragile
Diplosomoides fragile
Diplpsoma (Lissoclinum) fragile
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Bermuda
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1962
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
Yes
VECTORS
X
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Lissoclinum fragile is unknown. We classify it according to regional classifications;
elsewhere we list it as unclassified.
1488
-------
Lissoclinum fragile
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 35m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1489
-------
Microcosmus exasperatus
Species ID: 15896
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Heller, 1878
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Pyuridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Microcosmus claudicans exasperatus
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1940
Honolulu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native region of Microcosmus exasperatus is not known. We classify it according to regional
classifications; otherwise as unclassified.
1490
-------
Microcosmus exasperatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 41.8m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1491
-------
Microcosmus squamiger
Species ID: 2403
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Michaelsen, 1927
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Pyuridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Microcosmus exasperarus of NEP authors; not Heller, 1878
Microcosmus squmiger
Misidentified
Misspelling
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1986
Alamitos Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1492
-------
Microcosmus squamiger
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3.4 - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 21 -
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
Abyssal
Hadal
26%] X
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1493
-------
Molgula ficus
Species ID: 11881
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Macdonald, 1859)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Molgulidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascopera nana
Caesira ficus
Caesira forbesi
Molgula forbesi
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Shark Bay, Australia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1994
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1494
-------
Molgula ficus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
O
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1495
-------
Molgula manhattensis
Species ID: 1147
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (De Kay, 1843)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Molgulidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia manhattensis
Caesira manhattensis
Caesira sordida
Gymnocystis manhattensis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Manhattan-boya
sea grape tunicate
Type Locality: Northeast United States
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
INISNot
1 Established
Native llNonindigenous &G
NWP
Date 1st record: 1972
Loc 1st record: Takehara, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1949
Tomales Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1496
-------
Molgula manhattensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 90m] [Pref: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 16.33 - 69.67%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 35psu] [Pref: 27 - 30psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
X
IF FEE PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1497
-------
Perophora japonica
Species ID: 11879
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Oka, 1927
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Perophoridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2003
Humboldt Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1498
-------
Perophora japonica
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1499
-------
Phallusia nigra
Species ID: 15898
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Phlebobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Savigny, 1816
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ascidiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia nigra
Phallusia (Ascidia) nigra
Synonym
Convention
black sea squirt
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1930s
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
X
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: We follow Carlton and Eldredge (2009) and consider Phallusia nigra a Red Sea-Indian Ocean species. Ali
et al. (2009) classify it as introduced in southern India, which we list as a conflict.
1500
-------
Phallusia nigra
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m] [Pref: 0 - 7m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1501
-------
Polyandrocarpa sagamiensis
Species ID: 122875
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Tokioka, 1953
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Japan
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
<1997
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Carlton and Eldredge (2009) classify the colonial tunicate Polyandrocarpa sagamiensis as introduced in
Hawaii while Lambert (2002) classifies it as cryptogenic in Guam. Carman et al. (2011) recently reported it from the
Atlantic side of Panama.
1502
-------
Polyandrocarpa sagamiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal O Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1503
-------
Polyandrocarpa zorritensis
Species ID: 2401
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Van Name, 1931)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Polyandrocarpa zooritensis
Stolonica zorritensis
Misspelling
Synonym
Kuro-mameitaboya
Type Locality: Peru
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1991
Loc 1st record: Usa, Tosa Bay, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
<1997
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
Ul
NEP
1994
San Diego and Oceanside, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Abbott et al. (2007) and Carlton and Eldredge (2009) consider the native range of Polyandrocarpa
zorritensis to be unknown, while Cohen (2006) lists it as the Southeastern Pacific. Regional experts have classified it as
introduced in the NWP, NEP, Hawaii, Caribbean, NEA, and Mediterranean, and cryptogenic in Pacific Panama.
1504
-------
Polyandrocarpa zorritensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
O
w
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
X
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1505
-------
Polyclinum constellatum
Species ID: 122876
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Aplousobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Savigny, 1816
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Polyclinidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Glossophoram sundaicum
Polyclinum brasilense
Synonym
Synonym
starred gelatinous tunicate
Type Locality: Mauritius
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1873
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
2000
Southern California
Unknown
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Polyclinum constellatum is not known. We classify it using regional classifications and
as unclassified elsewhere. The record in the Chukchi Sea was from 1884 (see GBIF, OBIS), and is suspect.
1506
-------
Polyclinum constellatum
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 68m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 24 - 32psu] [Pref: - 32psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1507
-------
Styela canopus
Species ID: 2400
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Savigny, 1816)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder: Stolidobranchia
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia ragosa
Cynthia canopoides
Cynthia canopus
Styela bicolor
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
rough sea tunicate
Type Locality: Red Sea
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native II Nonindigenous [w
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1940
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1972
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Based on Abbott et al. (2007), Carlton and Eldredge (2009) and Pollard and Pethebridge (2002a) we
classify Styela canopus as native in Asia, Australia, and Central Indo-Pacific except for the Yellow Sea and Guam
where it is considered introduced by UNDP/GEF (2007) and Lambert (2002), respectively.
1508
-------
Styela canopus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 80m] [Pref: 0 - 27m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 20 - 43psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1509
-------
Stye I a clava
Species ID: 1155
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Herdman, 1881
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Bostryorchis clava Synonym
Styela barnharti of Van Name, 1945; not of Ritter and Forsyl Ambiguous syn.
Styela clava clava Convention
Styela mammiculata Synonym
Asian sea-squirt
club tunicate
leathery sea-squirt
rough sea squirt
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1932
Newport Bay, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1510
-------
Styela clava
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 25m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 18 - 37psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
X
SeqH
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1511
-------
Styela plicata
Species ID: 2399
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lesueur, 1823)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ascidia plicata Lesueur, 1823
Styela barnharti
Styela gyrosa
Tethyum plicata
Synonym
Ambiguous syn.
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1915
San Diego Bay, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Based on the genetic analysis by Barros et al. (2009), we classify the northwestern Pacific as the native
region for Styela plicata. We note, however, that Chavanich et al. (2010) list it as introduced into the East China Sea
and South China Ecoregions and USGS-NAS lists it as native in the Gulf of Mexico.
1512
-------
Styela plicata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE [Obs % Fines: 7 - 7%] X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
P
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 22 - 34psu] [Pref: 30 - psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
EPZ
X
1513
-------
Symplegma brakenhielmi
Species ID: 3340
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Michaelsen, 1904)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Diandrocarpa brakenhielmi
Gynandrocarpa quadricornulis
Gynandrocarpa similis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality: Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico.
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
1967
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The type locality for Symplegma brakenhielmi is the Gulf of Mexico, though Carlton and Eldredge (2009)
list it as an Indo-Pacific species. Additionally S. brakenhielmi has been confused with S. viride and S. reptans. Because
of this uncertainty, we use regional classification where available and list it as unclassified elsewhere.
1514
-------
Symplegma brakenhielmi
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 33m] [Pref: 0 - 3m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
P
W
CA
K
O
RA
O
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1515
-------
Symplegma reptans
Species ID: 2402
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Oka, 1927)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Symplegma brakenhielmi of Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Synstyela reptans
Misidentified
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1996
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1991
Long Beach Harbor, CA
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1516
-------
Symplegma reptans
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
X
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
O
w
CA
K
P
RA
MAN
DW
P
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
P
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs: 22.1 - 36.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
G/D
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual X
BF
BUD
X
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic X
EPP
X
EPZ
X
1517
-------
Symplegma sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 170013
Taxon: Tunicate
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Tunicata
Subclass:
Order: Stolidobranchia
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author:
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass:
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Styelidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Ascidiacea
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:54:01 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1998
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
SH X
BW
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1518
-------
Symplegma sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
X DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
SF
IF FEE PCS
P
Asexual X
BF BUD PAR/AGA
X
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
DD
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM
BP
EPS
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1519
-------
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Actinopterygii
1520
-------
This page was intentionally left blank
1521
-------
Abudefduf vaigiensis
Species ID: 15911
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Labroidei
Family: Pomacentridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Abudefduf caudobimaculatus
Abudefduf quinquilineatus
Chaetodon tyrwhitti
Glyphisodon quadrifasciatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Indo-Pacific sergeant
yellowback sergeant
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1991
Maui, Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
1522
-------
Abudefduf vaigiensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1523
-------
Acanthogobius flavimanus
Species ID: 1563
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Gobioidei
Family: Gobiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Aboma snyderi
Gobius flavimanus
Gobius stigmothonus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Japanese river goby
mahaze
yellowfin goby
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1963
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1524
-------
Acanthogobius flavimanus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 14m] [Pref: 1 - 14m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 40psu] [Pref: 5 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SURX
EPU
EPC
X
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1525
-------
Acanthorhodeus macropterus
Species ID: 220128
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Superfamily: Cyprinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bleeker, 1871
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Ostariophysi
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acanthorhodeus jeholicus
Acanthorhodeus ngowyangi
Acheilognathus dicaeus
Acheliognathus macropterus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Chinese bitterling
deep body bitterling
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 2001
Loc 1st record: Lake Kasumigaura, Japan
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Acanthorhodeus macropterus (= Acheilognathus macropterus) is a freshwater fish that has some tolerance
to low salinities. It reproduces by the female depositing eggs inside freshwater mussels. Mito and Uesugi (2004) list it
as introduced into Japan.
1526
-------
Acanthorhodeus macropterus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 4m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1527
-------
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii
Species ID: 15914
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Chondrostei
Order: Acipenseriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder: Acipenseroidei
Family: Acipenseridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii colchica
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii gueldenstaedtii
Synonym
Synonym
Russian sturgeon
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1975
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The anadromous Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, is considered endangered by the IUCN. It
has been introduced into Japan and China, and is considered "probably established" in China according to FishBase. A.
gueldenstaedtii has been observed to hybridize with A. naccarii, A. baerii, and A. ruthenus.
1528
-------
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 2 - 130m] [Pref: 2 - 40m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1529
-------
Acipenser nudiventris
Species ID: 100675
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Chondrostei
Order: Acipenseriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Lovetsky, 1828
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder: Acipenseroidei
Family: Acipenseridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acipenser glaber
Synonym
fringebarbel sturgeon
ship sturgeon
spiny sturgeon
thorn sturgeon
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1933
Loc 1st record: Hi River, China
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The anadromous sturgeon Acipenser nudiventris is native to the Ponto-Caspian region. It has been
introduced into the Hi River in China (Chavanich et al, 2010), which flows into Lake Balkhash. Additionally, Seo and
Lee (2008) list it as introduced into Korea, which we interpret as the Yellow Sea.
1530
-------
Acipenser nudiventris
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 11 - 60m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1531
-------
Acipenser sinensis
Species ID: 100757
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Chondrostei
Order: Acipenseriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Gray, 1835
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder: Acipenseroidei
Family: Acipenseridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acipenser kikuchii
Synonym
Chinese sturgeon
Sagami sturgeon
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1965
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Historically, the anadromous Acipenser sinensis was native to China, SW Korea, and western Kyushu,
Japan. According to the IUCN, it is currently restricted to "the mid-lower section of the Yangtze River". Iwasaki (2006)
lists it as introduced into Japan, resulting in a conflict of native and introduced populations in western Japan.
1532
-------
Acipenser sinensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 140m] [Pref: 3 - 40m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - 35psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1533
-------
Acipenser sturio
Species ID: 100754
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Chondrostei
Order: Acipenseriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder: Acipenseroidei
Family: Acipenseridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Accipenser attilus
Accipenser sturio
Acipenser attilus
Acipenser ducissae
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Atlantic sturgeon
Baltic sturgeon
common sturgeon
European sturgeon
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1975
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Acipenser sturio is native to Europe. The records from the East coast of the U.S. are from 1822 and 1955
and need to be validated. Iwasaki (2006) listed A. sturio as introduced into Japan in 1975 with an unknown population
status, and we are unaware of specific locations where it was introduced.
1534
-------
Acipenser sturio
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 4 - 93m] [Pref: 5 - 60m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - 35psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1535
-------
Alosa sapidissima
Species ID: 1564
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Clupeiformes
Superfamily:
Taxonomic Author: (Wilson, 1811)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Clupeoidei
Family: Clupeidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Clupeomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Also Known As (Name - Type): Common Names:
Alosa praestabilis
Clupea indigena
Clupea sapidissima
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
American shad
common shad
herring jack
white shad
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Kamchatka, Russia
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1871
Sacramento River, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: According to Mecklenburg et al. (2002), Alosa sapidissima was "Introduced to Pacific coasts via
Sacramento River, California in 1871-1881, and spread north to Kamchatka and Bering Sea and south to Baja,
California." In Alaska, A. sapidissima is a "Summer migrant from spwaning areas to the south" (Ruiz et al., 2006).
1536
-------
Alosa sapidissima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 375m] [Pref: - 100m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Bathyal
Sub-Shallow Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
P
Meso
Bathyal A
O
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 32psu] [Pref: 0 - 32psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1537
-------
Ameiurus melas
Species ID: 1566
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Siluriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Rafinesque, 1820)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ictaluridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ictalurus melas
Siluras melas
Synonym
Synonym
black bullhead
Type Locality: Ohio River, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1874
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ameiurus melas is freshwater species but can survive salinities up to about 13 psu. Its original range was
the streams and rivers of the eastern and southern United States and Mexico. It has invaded the NEP, Mediterranean,
NWA, and NEA including the Guadalquivir Estuary in Spain (Garcia-de-Lomas et al., 2009).
1538
-------
Ameiurus melas
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 10 - m] [Pref: 10 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 13.8psu] [Pref: 0 - Opsu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1539
-------
Anguilla anguilla
Species ID: 3399
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Anguilliformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Anguilloidei
Family: Anguillidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Elopomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Angill angill
Anguilla acutirostris
Anguilla aegyptiaca
Anguilla altirostris
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
common eel
European eel
freshwater eel
river eel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1969
San Francisco Estuary, CA
No
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Anguilla anguilla is native to Europe, but migrates to the Sargasso Sea to spawn. As such, records from the
NWA do not represent breeding populations and are classified as transient. It has been stocked in China and Japan and
is established at least in Japan. It has been found but did not become established in the NEP.
1540
-------
Anguilla anguilla
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
P
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 700m] [Pref: 1 - 600m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
P
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 36psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
X
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
X
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1541
-------
Anguilla austral is
Species ID: 11236
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Anguilliformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Richardson, 1841
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Anguilloidei
Family: Anguillidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Elopomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anguilla australis australis
Convention
shortfin eel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1975
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1978
Los Angeles River, CA
No
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Anguilla australis is a catadromous, benthopelagic eel native to Australia and New Zealand. It was
introduced into the NEP but did not become established. The FAO states that it is "probably established" in Japan.
However, FishBase states that the A. australis introduced into Japan and China are not established and unknown,
respectively. 1542
-------
Anguilla australis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 36psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1543
-------
Anguilla marmorata
Species ID: 223974
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Anguilliformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Quoy & Gaimard, 1824
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Anguilloidei
Family: Anguillidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Elopomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
giant mottled eel
marbled eel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
2002
Maui, Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: A specimen of the catadromous eel Anguilla marmorata was found in a stream in Maui, Hawaii in 2002.
According to James and Suzumoto (2006), "it is unlikely that this individual found on Maui arrived without human
intervention."
1544
-------
Anguilla marmorata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 400m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1545
-------
Anguilla rostrata
Species ID: 3400
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Anguilliformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lesueur, 1817)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Anguilloidei
Family: Anguillidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Elopomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
American eel
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1998
Loc 1st record: Uono River, Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
u
NEP
1873
San Francisco Estuary, CA
No
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: The NWA eel Anguilla rostrata was introduced into the NEP but did not become established. It was
introduced into Japan in 1971-1972 (FishBase) and was captured in the wild in the Uono River, Japan (Miyai et al.,
2004) and Taiwan (Han et al., 2002) in the 1990s.
1546
-------
Anguilla rostrata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
P
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 464m] [Pref: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep 0
O
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1547
-------
Centropyge flavissima
Species ID: 122877
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Cuvier, 1831)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Percoidei
Family: Pomacanthidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Centropyge flavissimus
Holacanthus flavissimus
Synonym
Synonym
Lemon peel fish
lemonpeel angelfish
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1990
Oahu, Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The establishment of Centropyge flavissima in Hawaii is uncertain (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1548
-------
Centropyge flavissima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 50m] [Pref: 3 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
O
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1549
-------
Cephalopholis argus
Species ID: 122878
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Percoidei
Family: Serranidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cephalopholis guttata Synonym
Cephalopholis guttatus Misspelling
Epinephelus argus Synonym
bluespotted grouper
peacoack rockcod
peacock groper
peacock hind
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1956
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: "In 1956 bluespotted grouper...was intentionally released from the livewell of the vessel Hugh M. Smith
that had transported the fish from Moorea in the Society Islands. ... establishment was thought to have occurred by
1958 (Randall, 1987)." (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1550
-------
Cephalopholis argus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 40m] [Pref: 1 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
I
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1551
-------
Chrysiptera taupou
Species ID: 170126
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Jordan & Scale, 1906
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Labroidei
Family: Pomacentridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fiji blue devil damselfish
southseas devil
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
2002
Haunama Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Unknown
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The establishment of Chrysiptera taupou in Hawaii is uncertain (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1552
-------
Chrysiptera taupou
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1553
-------
Clarias batrachus
Species ID: 100639
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Siluriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Clariidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Clarias assamensis
Clarias betrachus
Clarias punctatus
Macropteronotus magur not Hamilton, 1822
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Misidentified
clarias catfish
magur
Thai hito
walking catfish
Type Locality: Java, Indonesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
X
HR
O
Comments: Species reported as Clarias batrachus represent a species complex, and C. batrachus is definitively known
only from rivers drainages in Java (Ng and Kottelat, 2008). According to FishBase, C. batrachus (or one of the related
species?) has invaded Japan, China, Taiwan, Guam, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines.
1554
-------
Clarias batrachus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0.5 - m] [Pref: 0.5 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 18psu] [Pref: 0 - IQpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1555
-------
Cynoscion nebulosus
Species ID: 101261
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Cuvier, 1830)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Sciaenidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cynosion nebulosus
Otolithus carolinensis
Otolithus nebulosus
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
speckled seatrout
speckled trout (Cynoscion nebulosus)
spotted seatrout
spotted trout
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1991
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The spotted weakfish, Cynoscion nebulosus is reported by Wang (2008) to have been introduced into China
for aquaculture, though no specific sites are given.
1556
-------
Cynoscion nebulosus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 50m] [Pref: 3 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
X
Abyssal
Hadal
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 37psu] [Pref: 15 - 35psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1557
-------
Cyprinus carpio
Species ID: 1570
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Superfamily: Cyprinoidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Ostariophysi
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cyprinus carpio carpio
Cyprinus carpio haematopterus
Cyprinus haematopterus
Convention
Convention
Synonym
common carp
European carp
koi
leather carp
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1905
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1870
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1872
Sonoma, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Cyprinus carpio is one of the most widely distributed invasive species. It is native to rivers in temperate
Eurasia, specifically the Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins. While primarily freshwater, it can occur in estuaries with
eggs tolerant of salinities up to 4.5 psu.
1558
-------
Cyprinus carpio
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supraliti
toral Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Sr
F
tallow Epi-Deep
»
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
P
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
Biogenic
COM1
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 14psu] [Pref: 0 - 4.5psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1559
-------
Dorosoma petenense
Species ID: 1571
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Clupeiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Giinther, 1867)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Clupeoidei
Family: Clupeidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Clupeomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chatoessus mexicanus
Meletta petenensis
Signalosa atchafalayae
Signalosa petenensis atchafaylae
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
threadfin shad
Type Locality: Lake Peten, Guatemala
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1958
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1953
San Diego County, CA
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
HR
O
Comments: Dorosoma petenense occur mainly in freshwater streams and reservoirs, but adults are found in
brackish/marine waters with salinities up to 32.3 psu. Adults spawn in freshwater (FishBase). Its native distribution is
the Mississippi River and Gulf slope drainages from Florida to Central America.
1560
-------
Dorosoma petenense
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15m] [Pref: - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 32.3psu] [Pref: 0 - Opsu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1561
-------
Favonigobius sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Species ID: 101888
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Greenfield & Randall, 2004
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Gobioidei
Family: Gobiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Type Locality: Hawaii, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1990
Oahu, Hawaii
Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments: This unidentified Favonigobius was found on the island of Oahu, Hawaii in 1990, but it has not been found
since (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009). It may be an Australasian species.
1562
-------
Favonigobius sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1563
-------
Fundulus diaphanus
Species ID: 3874
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lesueur, 1817)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cyprinodontoidei
Family: Fundulidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fundulus diaphanus diaphanus
Fundulus multifaciatus
Hydrargira diaphana
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
banded killifish
Eastern banded killifish
Western banded killifish
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1971
Columbia River, WA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
X
SF
HR
O
Comments: The benthopelagic Fundulus diaphanus is native to Atlantic slope drainages in North America, and has
invaded the Columbia River. It prefers freshwater habitat, but it is a salinity tolerant (euryhaline) species.
1564
-------
Fundulus diaphanus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m] [Pref: 1 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Vlix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
Biogenic
C
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - IQpsu] [Pref: 0 - IQpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1565
-------
Gambusia affinis
Species ID: 1572
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Baird & Girard, 1853)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cyprinodontoidei
Family: Poeciliidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fundulus inuras
Gambusia affinis affinis
Gambusia gracilis
Gambusia humilis
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
Kadayashi (Japanese)
Kadayasi (Japanese)
live-bearing tooth-carp
mosquitofish
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1905
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
1922
California
Yes
SH X
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: The benthopelagic Gambusia affinis is native to the Mississippi River basin and now has a nearly pan-
global distribution. It generally inhabits freshwater, but is also found in brackish environments, and in Hawaii is found
at salinities as high as 40 psu. It was frequently introduced for mosquito control.
1566
-------
Gambusia affinis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0.9 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 40psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1567
-------
Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus
Species ID: 122879
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Clupeiformes
Superfemily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Riippell, 1837)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Clupeoidei
Family: Clupeidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Clupeomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfemily:
Common Names:
Alausa schrammii
Clupea dubia
Clupea quadrimaculata
Herklotsichthys punctatus of Hawaiian authors; not (Rtippell
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misidentified
bluestripe herring
fourspot herring
gold spot herring
gold spot sardine
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1972
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
HR
O
Comments: Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus was introduced into Hawaii when individuals from the Marshall Islands
used for tuna bait were released (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009).
1568
-------
Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 13m] [Pref: 1 - 13m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1569
-------
Hypomesus nipponensis
Species ID: 3393
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Osmeriformes
Superfamily: Osmeroidea
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: McAllister, 1963
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Osmeroidei
Family: Osmeridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Protacanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Hypomesus transpacificus nipponensis
Synonym
freshwater smelt
Japanese pond smelt
Japanese smelt
wakasagi
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1959
California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
X
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1570
-------
Hypomesus nipponensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
P
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 26.8psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1571
-------
Ictalurus furcatus
Species ID: 1573
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Valenciennes, 1840)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder:
Family: Ictaluridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Ostariophysi
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ictalurus meridionalis
Pimelodus furcatus
Synonym
Synonym
blue catfish
Type Locality: New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1980
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1969
San Diego County, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ictalurus furcatus primarily inhabits larger rivers and streams though it is occasionally found in brackish
waters. It was intentionally introduced into China in the 1980s for aquaculture (Ma et al., 2003) though no specific
locations were identified.
1572
-------
Ictalurus furcatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 3.7 - 50m] [Pref: - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
P
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - ISpsu] [Pref: 0 - 3.7psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
X
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1573
-------
Ictalurus punctatus
Species ID: 1574
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Siluriformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Rafinesque, 1818)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Ictaluridae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ictalurus anguilla
Siluras punctatus
Synonym
Synonym
channel catfish
spotted catfish
Type Locality: Ohio River, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Date 1st record: 1971
Loc 1st record: Japan - inland
Established: Yes
Cryptogenic
1953
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1891
California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Ictalurus punctatus is a freshwater fish though it occasionally inhabits brackish waters. It is native to the
central drainages of the United States. It has been introduced for aquaculture into numeours regions including the
NWA, NEP, Hawaii, China, Japan, Russia, Korea, and Taiwan, though the specific locations in Asia are not known.
1574
-------
Ictalurus punctatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 15m] [Pref: - 15m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - llpsu] [Pref: 0 - 1.7psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1575
-------
Lateolabrax sp. (Yokogawa and Seki, 1995)
Species ID: 220544
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Yokogawa & Seki, 1995
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Percoidei
Family: Lateolabracidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lateolabrax sp. (NIES)
Lateolabrax sp. of authors
Synonym
Partial synonym
Chinese seabass
continental seabass
Type Locality: Asia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
1 Established
Cryptogenic
NWP
Date 1st record: 1989
Loc 1st record: Western Japan
Established: Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
laassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The Chinese seabass, Lateolabrax sp. (Yokogawa and Seki, 1995), was introduced into Japan in 1989. The
first wild population was recorded in 1992 at Uwajima, Ehime Prefecture (NIES). We assume the life history of the
undescribed L. sp. is similar to L. japonicus.
1576
-------
Lateolabrax sp. (Yokogawa and Seki, 1995)
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 32.3psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
X
SF
IF
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1577
-------
Lates calcarifer
Species ID: 100702
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bloch, 1790)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder:
Family: Centropomidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Coius vacti
Holocentrus calcarifer
Lates darwiniensis
Pseudolates cavifrons
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Asian sea bass
Barramundi
giant perch
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1983
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of the catadromous Lates calcarifer is the "eastern edge of the Persian Gulf to China,
Taiwan and southern Japan, southward to southern Papua New Guinea and northern Australia" (FishBase). It has been
introduced into the Yellow Sea and perhaps other part of China for mariculture (UNDP/GEF, 2007).
1578
-------
Lates calcarifer
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 40m] [Pref: 10 - 40m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
P
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
O
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - 35psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H X
SynH
SeqH
X
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
PCS
X
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1579
-------
Limia vittata
Species ID: 122880
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Guichenot, 1853)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cyprinodontoidei
Family: Poeciliidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Poecilia vittata
Synonym
banded limia
Cuban limia
Cuban molly
Cuban topminnow
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1950
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Limia vittata is endemic to Cuba but has been introduced into Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) and
American Samoa (FishBase), probably through aquarium releases.
1580
-------
Limia vittata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1581
-------
Lucania pan/a
Species ID: 1579
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Baird & Girard, 1855)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cyprinodontoidei
Family: Fundulidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Cyprinodon parvus
Limia venusta
Lucania affinis
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
rainwater killifish
Type Locality: New Jersey, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1950s
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO X
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: A likely vector for the rainwater killifish, Lucania parva, is as contaminated stock with other fishes
transported for aquaculture or bait. They may also have been transported to the NEP via ballast water or as eggs on
Atlantic oysters.
1582
-------
Lucania parva
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1m] [Pref: 0 - 1m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - SOpsu] [Pref: 0.7 - 24.2psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1583
-------
Lutjanus fulvus
Species ID: 122881
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forster, 1801)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Percoidei
Family: Lutjanidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Diacope analis
Diacope aurantiaca
Diacope flavipes
Diacope immaculata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
blacktail snapper
flame-colored snapper
flametail snapper
toau
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1956
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1584
-------
Lutjanus fulvus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 128m] [Pref: 1 - 75m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
P
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
H + B
Oth
P
SALINITY [Obs:0-psu]
Fresh O
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1585
-------
Lutjanus gibbus
Species ID: 122882
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forsskal, 1775)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Lutjanidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Anthias heraldi
Diacope axillaris
Diacope borensis
Diacope coccinea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
humpback red snapper
humpback snapper
paddletail
red snapper (Lutjanus gibbus)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1958
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1586
-------
Lutjanus gibbus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 150m] [Pref: 6 - 29m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 31 - 34.2psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1587
-------
Lutjanus kasmira
Species ID: 122883
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forsskal, 1775)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Percoidei
Family: Lutjanidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
blue stripe snapper
blueline snapper
blue-lined snapper
blue-striped seaperch
Diacope octolineata
Lutianus kasmira
Mesoprion etaape
Mesoprion pomacanthus
Ambiguous syn.
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1958
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1588
-------
Lutjanus kasmira
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - 275m] [Pref: 30 - 150m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
O
P
Epi-Deep
P
Meso
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 34.8 - 35.1psu]
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1589
-------
Menidia beryllina
Species ID: 1580
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Atheriniformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Cope, 1867)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Atherinoidei
Family: Atherinidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chirostoma beryllinum
Ischnomembras gabunensis
Menidia audens
Menidia beryllina cerea
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
inland silverside
Mississippi silverside
Type Locality: Potomac River, Washington D.C, USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1967
Lake County, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
X
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: According to FishBase, Menidia beryllina is marine species that ascends rivers and also consists of
landlocked populations that reproduce in freshwater. It was introduced into California for biocontrol, though it has also
been stocked as forage for sport fish in freshwater systems.
1590
-------
Menidia beryllina
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 2m] [Pref: 1 - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1591
-------
Morone saxatilis
Species ID: 1583
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Walbaum, 1792)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Percoidei
Family: Moronidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Morone lineatus
Morone saxitilis
Perca mitchilli alternata
Perca saxatilis
Synonym
Misspelling
Synonym
Synonym
gestreepte baars
linesider
rock bass (Morone saxatilis)
rock fish (Morone saxatilis)
Type Locality: New York , USA
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1990
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1922
Hawaii
No
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1879
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1592
-------
Morone saxatilis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 97m] [Pref: 10 - 30m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - 35psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1593
-------
Mugilogobius cavifrons
Species ID: 170016
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Weber, 1909)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Gobioidei
Family: Gobiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Gobius cavifrons
Mugilogobius parvus fide Larson, 2001
Tamanka philippina
Tamanka talavera
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
bandfin mullet goby
mangrove goby
Type Locality: Moluccas, Indonesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1987
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1594
-------
Mugilogobius cavifrons
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 1.2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal O
Sub-Shallow
O
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1595
-------
Odontesthes bonariensis
Species ID: 220140
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Atheriniformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Valenciennes, 1835)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Atheriniformes
Family: Atherinopsidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Atherina bonariensis
Atherina lichtensteinii
Basilichthys bonariensis
Basilichthys puntanus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Argentinian silverside
pejerrey
piexe rei
Rapurata-tougoroo (Japanese)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1966
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Odontesthes bonariensis is primarily a freshwater species though it can tolerate brackish waters. It was
introduced into Japan in 1966 and established wild populations.
1596
-------
Odontesthes bonariensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - m] [Pref: 1 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P P
P
Epi-Deep
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 20psu] [Pref: 0 - ISpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1597
-------
Omobranchus ferox
Species ID: 122884
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Herre, 1927)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Blennioidei
Family: Blenniidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Omobranchus kranjiensis
Synonym
fang-toothed blenny
gossamer blenny
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1998
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
X
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1598
-------
Omobranchus ferox
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
H + B
Oth
O
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1599
-------
Omobranchus rotund ice ps
Species ID: 122885
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Macleay, 1881)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Blennioidei
Family: Blenniidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Omobranchus elongatus of Strasburg (1956, 1966)
Omobranchus rotundiceps obliquus
Synonym
Convention
mangrove blenny
rocky-reef blenny
roundhead blenny
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1951
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1600
-------
Omobranchus rotundiceps
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
P
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish O
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1601
-------
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Species ID: 1617
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Salmoniformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Walbaum, 1792)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Salmonidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Salmo kisatch
Synonym
coho salmon
hooknose salmon
salmon trout (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
silver salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1965
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Oncorhynchus kisutch includes Kamchatka, Sea of Okhotsk, and northern Sea of Japan.
However, it has been introduced into parts of Japan (NIES, 2011), China (Ma et al., 2003; Chavanich et al., 2010) and
Korea (Seo and Lee, 2008), presumably including the Yellow Sea, southern Sea of Japan, and Kyushu.
1602
-------
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
P
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
o o o
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
P O
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 36psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1603
-------
Oncorhynchus my kiss
Species ID: 1618
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Salmoniformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Walbaum, 1792)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Salmonidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Onchorrhychus mykiss
Onchorynchus mykiss
Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdeneri
Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdnerii
Misspelling
Misspelling
Convention
Convention
Columbia River redband trout
Kamchatka
Niji-masu (Japanese)
rainbow trout
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1877
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1920
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
Native
Native
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The native range of Oncorhynchus mykiss extends from the Kamchatka to the Amur River in the northern
Sea of Japan. It has been introduced into the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea while there are conflicting
classifications for the Sea of Japan and Central Kuroshio Current Ecoregions.
1604
-------
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 250m] [Pref: 0 - 23m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - 35psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1605
-------
Oreochromis aureus
Species ID: 100633
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Steindachner, 1864)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Labroidei
Family: Cichlidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Oreochromis niloticus of authors; not (Linnaeus, 1758) Misidentified
Tilapia aurea Synonym
blue tilapia
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1980
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IB Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
Hawaii
NEP
1964
Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: While primarily a freshwater fish, Oreochromis aureus is able to live and reproduce in brackish waters. It
has been widely introduced for aquaculture, though most of these facilities are inland versus coastal. Thus, it is not
clear to what extent the invasion pattern shown here actually represents coastal invasions.
1606
-------
Oreochromis aureus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 5 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1607
-------
Oreochromis mossambicus
Species ID: 4403
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Peters, 1852)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Labroidei
Family: Cichlidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chromis dumerilii
Chromis mossambicus
Chromis natalensis
Chromis vorax
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
African mouthbrooder
African perch
common tilapia
Hawaiian perch
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1954
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1951
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
Unknown
Unknown
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Oreochromis mossambicus is a fresh and brackish water tilapia widely distributed for aquaculture. It is
established in Southern California, including the Santa Ana, San Gabriel, and Los Angeles rivers (USGS-NAS), Hawaii
(Coles et al., 1999a), and Japan (FishBase).
1608
-------
Oreochromis mossambicus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 12m] [Pref: 1 - 12m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 40psu] [Pref: 0 - 20psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1609
-------
Oreochromis niloticus
Species ID: 220552
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Labroidei
Family: Cichlidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chromis nilotica
Chromis niloticus
Oreochromis niloticus niloticus
Perca nilotica
Synonym
Synonym
Convention
Synonym
Baringo tilapia
Chikadai (Japanese)
mango fish
Nile mouthbreeder
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1962
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Oreochromis niloticus is of Western African origin and primarily inhabits freshwater lakes and streams,
though it is euryhaline. It has been widely introduced into coastal basins for aquaculture, including China, Japan, and
Tropical Eastern Pacific. However, it is not clear whether estuarine populations have become established.
1610
-------
Oreochromis niloticus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 5 - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
P Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 40psu] [Pref: 0 - IQpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
S
DET
DEC
SF
X
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1611
-------
Parablennius thysanius
Species ID: 122886
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Jordan & Scale, 1907)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Blennioidei
Family: Blenniidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Blennius thysanius
Synonym
Indo-Pacific blenny
tasseled blenny
tasselled blenny
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1971
Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
Yes
VECTORS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1612
-------
Parablennius thysanius
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 1 - 10m] [Pref: 1 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate P
R
P
P
H + B
O
Oth
P
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1613
-------
Paralichthys dentatus
Species ID: 100768
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1766)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Paralichthyidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pleuronectes dentatus
Synonym
fluke
summer flounder
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 2000
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Paralichthys dentatus has been introduced into China for cage culture, though it is not known if any wild
populations have become established.
1614
-------
Paralichthys dentatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 183m] [Pref: 0 - 37m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
O
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 10 - 35psu] [Pref: 24 - 35psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1615
-------
Paralichthys lethostigma
Species ID: 170118
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Jordan & Gilbert, 1884
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Paralichthyidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Paralichthys letostigma
Misspelling
doormat
mud flounder
southern flounder
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 2002
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Paralichthys lethostigma is cage-cultured in China, however it is not known if it has become established in
the wild.
1616
-------
Paralichthys lethostigma
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
X
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 40m] [Pref: - 40m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
O
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M W
CA K
i
RA MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: - 35psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1617
-------
Parambassis ranga
Species ID: 220144
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Hamilton, 1822)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder:
Family: Ambassidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Ambassis alta
Ambassis barlovi
Ambassis notatus
Ambassis ranga
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
chanda ranga
glass perchlet
Indian glass perch
Indian glassfish
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Parambassis ranga (= Psuedambassis ranga) is a freshwater fish though according to FishBase it is also
"brackish". Mito and Uesugi (2004) state that it is introduced in Japan, though no specific sites were identified.
However, wild populations were found in the Ryukyu Archipelago in urban reservoirs (Ishikawa and Tachihara, 2008).
1618
-------
Parambassis ranga
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral Intertidal
Subtidal P Bathyal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic P
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow Epi-Deep
O O
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
COM1
Biogenic
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1619
-------
Perca flavescens
Species ID: 3691
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Mitchill, 1814)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Percidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Morone flavescens
Perca acuta
Perca fluviatilis flavescens
Perca notata
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
yellow perch
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1960
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: No
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1891
San Fransico Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Perca flavescens mostly inhabits lakes and rivers, though it is also found in brackish waters and salt lakes.
It was introduced into and become established in the NEP. It was introduced into Japan in 1960 in an unknown
location, but did not become established (FishBase).
1620
-------
Perca flavescens
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: - 56m] [Pref: - 9m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R
HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - Spsu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1621
-------
Poecilia latipinna
Species ID: 4418
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Lesueur, 1821)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cyprinodontoidei
Family: Poeciliidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mollienesia latipinna
Synonym
sailfm molly
tabai (Poecilia latipinna)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
1905
Pearl Harbor, Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
ca. 1959
Salton Sea, California
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: Poecilia latipinna is usually found in slow moving freshwater, such as creeks, streams, ponds, and lakes.
However, it also occurs in brackish canals in Hawaii (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009) and in tidal sloughs and marshes in
Southern California (CANOD, 2009).
1622
-------
Poecilia latipinna
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 32psu] [Pref: 0 - IQpsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1623
-------
Poecilia mexicana
Species ID: 122887
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Steindachner, 1863
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cyprinodontoidei
Family: Poeciliidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Poecilia cuneata
Poecilia limantouri
Poecilia mexicana mexicana
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Poecilia salvatoris x mexicana of Carlton and Eldredge, 200 Convention
shortfin molly
Type Locality: Orizaba, Mexico
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
after 1960
Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
NEP
1966
Salton Sea, California
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
X
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Poecilia mexicana is primarily a freshwater fish though it can be found at salinities up to 36 psu. Its native
range is the Atlantic Slope from Rio San Juan, Mexico to Guatemala. Carlton and Eldredge (2009) state that the invader
in Hawaii is a hybrid, P. salvatoris x mexicana. The introduced population in Southern California is in the Salton Sea.
1624
-------
Poecilia mexicana
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 36psu] [Pref: 0 - psu]
Fresh P
Brackish O
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1625
-------
Poecilia reticulata
Species ID: 100624
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Peters, 1859
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Cyprinodontoidei
Family: Poeciliidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Acanthophacelus guppii
Acanthophacelus reticulatus
Girardinus guppii
Girardinus reticulatus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
guppii (Japanese)
guppy
million fish
millions
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: Unknown
Loc 1st record: Unknown
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1922
Hawaii
Yes
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1991
Baja California, Mexico
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP X
A
X
P
REC
SF
HR
X
O
Comments: The guppy, Poecilia reticulata, is primarily a freshwater fish though it can tolerate low to moderate
salinities. It has been introduced throughout the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indo-Pacific. However, many of the introductions
may be in inland waters so that the invasion pattern shown here may overestimate the invasion of coastal systems.
1626
-------
Poecilia reticulata
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 18psu] [Pref: 0 - 3psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
X
FEE
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
X
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1627
-------
Psetta maxima
Species ID: 100714
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Pleuronectiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Scophthalmidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Pleuronectes cyclops
Pleuronectes maximus
Rhombus aculeatus
Rhombus maeoticus, not of Pallis, 1814
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Misidentified
breet
britt
butt
turbot
Type Locality: European Ocean
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Date 1st record: 1922
Loc 1st record: Dalian, China
Established: Unknown
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Psetta maxima has been introduced into China (FishBase, Chavanich et al, 2010) and Korea (Seo and Lee,
2008) though it is not known if it is established in the wild. It was introduced into New Zealand in 1913 (Thomson,
1922) and apparently became established (FishBase).
1628
-------
Psetta maxima
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 20 - 100m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
P
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline P
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P X
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1629
-------
Salmo salar
Species ID: 4241
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Salmoniformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Salmonidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Salmo brevipes
Salmo caerulescens
Salmo gracilis
Trutta salar
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Atlantic salmon
black salmon
fiddler
landlocked salmon (Salmo salar)
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1980
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1874 (anadromous form)
Sacramento River, California
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Because of the numerous reports of escapees and the finding of natural reproduction in a British Columbia
coastal river (Volpe et al., 2000), we classify Salmo salar as established in the N.A. Pacific Fijordland Ecoregion. It has
been introduced into China, Korea and Japan, though it is not known whether it has established wild populations.
1630
-------
Sa/mo salar
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 210m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 36psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1631
-------
Salmo trutta
Species ID: 3893
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Salmoniformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Linnaeus, 1758
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder:
Family: Salmonidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Protacanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Salmo tratta fario
Salmo tnitta tratta
Synonym
Convention
brown trout
Loch Leven trout
sea trout (Salmo tratta)
von Behr trout
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1900
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient I
Hawaii
1935
Kauai, Hawaii
No
VECTORS
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1893
Humboldt County, California
Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
X
Comments:
1632
-------
Sa/mo trutta
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
P
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
P
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m] [Pref: 0 - 10m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
P
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble »
O
/lixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R O
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 35psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1633
-------
Salvelinus fontinalis
Species ID: 5811
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Salmoniformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Mitchill, 1814)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Salmonidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Salmo fontinalis
Synonym
american brook charr
american brook trout
aurora trout
braiser
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: 1901
Loc 1st record: Japan
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
1876
Hawaii
No
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
ca. 1871
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: There are both anadromous and landlocked populations of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). This species
has been widely stocked in temperate regions throughout the world, including British Columbia, Japan, China, and
Hawai'i and are established in the first two regions.
1634
-------
Salvelinus fontinalis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
O
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 15 - 27m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
O
Cobble
O
Mixed Sediments
O
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
Artificial Substrate
MAN
DW R P
H + B Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 36psu] [Pref: 0 - 36psu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1635
-------
Sardinella marquesensis
Species ID: 122888
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Clupeiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Berry & Whitehead, 1968
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Clupeoidei
Family: Clupeidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Clupeomorpha
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Haregula vittata
Synonym
Marquesan sardine
Marquesan sardinella
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient !• Unclassified
Hawaii
1955
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established:
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
X
AE
Yes
VECTORS
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sardinella marquesensis, the Marquesan sardine, was intentionally introduced into Hawaii in an attempt to
establish a tuna bait fisheries.
1636
-------
Sardinella marquesensis
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 50m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
Pelagic
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface Epi-Shallow
O P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Bathyal
Sub-Deep
Abyssal Hadal
Depth
Meso
Bathyal A
.byssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixed Sec
liments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
R HP
C
Biogenic
O M
W
CA
K
RA
i
MAN DW R
Artificial Substrate
P H + B Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline
Beta
Alpha
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP X FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic
DEM
BP
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1637
-------
Sarotherodon melanotheron
Species ID: 100635
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Riippell, 1852
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Labroidei
Family: Cichlidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron
Tilapia macrocephala
Tilapia melanotheron
Convention
Synonym
Synonym
blackchin mouthbreeder
blackchin tilapia
silvery tilapia
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record:
Loc 1st record:
Established:
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1962
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1638
-------
Sarotherodon melanotheron
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 3 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 45psu] [Pref: 10 - ISpsu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
X
P
X
s
DET
X
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
X
DD
LP
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1639
-------
Sciaenops ocellatus
Species ID: 100713
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Linnaeus, 1766)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Sciaenidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Lutjanus triangulum
Perca ocellata
Synonym
Synonym
channel bass
red dram
redfish
spotted bass
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native B Non indigenous
Date 1st record: 1991
Loc 1st record: China
Established: Unknown
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
X
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Sciaenops ocellatus was introduced for aquaculture into Korea (Seo and Lee, 2008), China (Chavanich et
al., 2010), as well as Vietnam, Singapore and Taiwan (FishBase). It did not become established in Taiwan, and the
population status in Korea, China, and Vietnam are not known. However, it is likely established in Singapore
(FishBase). 1640
-------
Sciaenops ocellatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 70m] [Pref: 10 - m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
O
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
P
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.14 - SOpsu] [Pref: 30 - 35psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Hyper O
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1641
-------
Takifugu rubripes
Species ID: 100690
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Tetraodontiformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Tetraodontidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Fugu rabripes
Sphaeroides rabripes
Tetraodon rabripes
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Japanese pufferfish
tiger puffer
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native II Nonindigenous [w
Date 1st record: 1991
Loc 1st record: Yellow Sea
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
X
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: According to FishBase, Takifugu rubripes is native to Russia, Japan, China, and Korea. However, Chen et
al. (2006a) list it as introduced into the Yellow Sea and Seo and Lee (2008) list it as introduced into Korea. Thus, we
list the Yellow Sea as a conflict.
1642
-------
Takifugu rubripes
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
O
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
P
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated
Unvegetated
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Pref: - 20m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal
Sub-Shallow
P
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble
Mixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic
C
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs:0-psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Mesohaline P
Beta
O
Alpha
P
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1643
-------
Tridentiger barbatus
Species ID: 5299
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Giinther, 1861)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Gobioidei
Family: Gobiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Shokihaze goby
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1997
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1644
-------
Tridentiger barbatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
O
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 2.2 - 29.5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
O
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0.09 - 28.81psu] [Pref: 2.5 - 9psu]
Fresh O
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1645
-------
Tridentiger bifasciatus
Species ID: 1587
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: Steindachner, 1881
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Gobioidei
Family: Gobiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
shimofuri goby
shimofuri shimahaze
Type Locality: near Vladivostok, Russia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1985
San Francisco Estuary, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
AA
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments:
1646
-------
Tridentiger bifasciatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
P
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
X
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
O/M
X
F
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: - 2m] [Pref: - 2m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
O
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
0
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
O
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 0 - 19psu] [Pref: 0 - Spsu]
Fresh P
Brackish P
Oligohaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Mesohaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
Marine
Beta
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1647
-------
Tridentiger trigonocephalus
Species ID: 1588
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Gill, 1859)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder: Gobioidei
Family: Gobiidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Triaenophorichthys trigonocephalus
Triaenophoras trigonocephalus
Tridentiger taeniatus
Trifissus ioturus
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
Synonym
chameleon goby
Japanese goby
shimahaze
trident goby
Type Locality:
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon [ Unidentified
NEP
1960
Los Angeles Harbor, CA
Yes
VECTORS
SH X
BW
X
SB
HF
X
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO X
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The chameleon goby, Tridentiger trigonocephalus, can be found in "oyster shells and crevices among
barnacles and other fouling organisms" (FishBase). Thus, transport of Pacific oysters and/or hull fouling are potential
vectors, along with ballast water.
1648
-------
Tridentiger trigonocephalus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
X
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
O/M
X
F
X
K
Pelagic
DEPTH [Obs: 0 - 15m] [Pref: 4 - 5m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
O
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epipelagic
Epi-Surface
Epi- Shallow
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R P
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
P
M
W
CA
K
RA
O
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate O
R
P
O
H + B
O
Oth
SALINITY [Obs: 14.6 - 36.8psu]
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline P
Beta
Alpha
P
Polyhaline P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Marine P
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL AND FEEDING
PAR
SA
PP
H
P
X
S
DET
DEC
SF
DF
DF-SUR DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH
SeqH
G/D
X
SF X
IF
FEE
X
PCS
P
Asexual
BF
BUD
PAR/AGA
VP
SP
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
V
OVI
ovo
DD
LP X
LP-B
LP-P X
FR
SD
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
EPS
X
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1649
-------
Upeneus vittatus
Species ID: 122889
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass:
Order: Perciformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Forsskal, 1775)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass:
Suborder:
Family: Mullidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder:
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Mullus vittatus
Synonym
bandedtail goatfish
bartailed goatfish
striped goatfish
yellowbanded goatfish
Type Locality: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic Transient IIUnclassified
Hawaii
1955
Oahu, Hawaii
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
Established: Yes
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF
S/R
AE
Yes
VECTORS
X
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: Upeneus vittatus is widely distributed throughout the Eastern, Central, and Western Indo-Pacific (FishBase).
1650
-------
Upeneus vittatus
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
P
Nearshore
Shelf
O
Oceanic
O
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
X
D
Consolidated X
RI
TP
RI-PH
SR
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH [Obs: 5 - 320m]
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
O
Bathyal
O
Abyssal
Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
O
Meso
O
Bathyal
Abyssal
Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
O
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble »
/lixed Sediments
Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic P
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
P
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
Alpha
O
Marine P
Beta
P
Alpha
P
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic X
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1651
-------
Valamugil engeli
Species ID: 170014
Taxon: Ray-finned fish
Kingdom: Animalia
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Subclass: Neopterygii
Order: Mugiliformes
Superfamily:
Also Known As (Name - Type):
Taxonomic Author: (Bleeker, 1858-59)
Subkingdom: Eumetazoa
Superclass: Pisces
Infraclass: Teleostei
Suborder:
Family: Mugilidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Superorder: Acanthopterygii
Infraorder:
Subfamily:
Common Names:
Chelon engeli
Moolgarda engeli
Synonym
Synonym
Australian mullet
Engel's Mullet
Englel's mullet
Kanda
Type Locality: Java, Indonesia
Ecoregion-level distribution
Master Classifications
Print Date: 9/9/2012 10:51:38 PM
Native I Nonindigenous
Date 1st record: Native
Loc 1st record: Native
Established: Yes
INISNot
] Established
NWP
Cryptogenic
Transient I
Hawaii
Unclassified
IciassSon Quantified
NEP
1955
Oahu, Hawaii
Yes
VECTORS
SH
BW
SB
HF
MS
AF X
S/R
AE
AA X
AO
PO
IR
ID
RE
AP
A
P
REC
SF
HR
O
Comments: The mullet, Valamugil engeli, was accidently introduced into Hawaii with the Marquesan sardine
(Sardinella marquesensis) (Eldredge, 1994). It inhabits "shallow protected sandy to muddy areas of reef flats and
shallow lagoons while juveniles have been encountered in tide pools" (FishBase), while in Hawaii it is largely estuarine.
1652
-------
Valamugil engeli
Print Date: 9/9/2012
REGIME
Estuary
P
Coastal Bay
O
Nearshore
Shelf
Oceanic
Coastal Fringe
Rivers
Lakes
Terrestrial
ECOSYSTEM
Unconsolidated X
Unvegetated X
uv-cs
UV-TF
UV-SUB
X
SAV
MAR
MAN
D
Consolidated X
RI X
TP
X
RI-PH
SR
X
CR
X
O/M
F
K
Pelagic X
DEPTH
Benthic Depth
Coastal Fringe
Supralittoral
Intertidal
Subtidal P Bail
Sub-Shallow
Sub-Deep
lyal Abyssal Hadal
Pelagic Depth
Epi-Surface
Epipelagic
Epi- Shallow
P
P
Epi-Deep
Meso
Bathyal
Abyssal Hadal
UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
Mud
Sand
Mix. Fines
Gravel
Cobble Mixe
d Sediments Organic
CONSOLIDATED SUBSTRATE X
R
HP
Biogenic O
C
O
O
M
W
CA
K
RA
MAN
DW
Artificial Substrate
R
P
H + B
Oth
SALINITY
Fresh
Brackish P
Oligohaline
Beta
Alpha
Mesohaline
Beta
Alpha
Polyhaline O
Beta
O
Alpha
O
Marine O
Beta
O
Alpha
Hyper
TROPHIC LEVEL
PAR
SA
PP
H P
X
S
AND FEEDING
DET
DEC SF DF
DF-SUR
DF-SUB
REPRODUCTION
Sexual X
H
SynH SeqH
G/D
X
SF
IF Fl
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
V
OVI
ovo
DD
3E PCS
P
Asexual
BF BUD PAR/AGA
VP SP
JUVENILE DEVELOPMENT/DISPERSAL
LP FR SD
LP-B
LP-P
SP
HABITAT ASSOCIATION
Pelagic
PL
NE
SUB
X
Benthic X
DEM X
BP
X
EPS
SUR
EPU
EPC
UR
B
N
SF
IN
Epibiotic
EPP
EPZ
1653
-------
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1655
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Allen, L.G. 1982. Seasonal abundance, composition, and productivity of the littoral fish
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Abudefduf vaigiensis
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
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Armor and Herrgesell, 1985
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CANOD, 2009
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NIMPIS
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USGS-NAS
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West and Cordrey, 2002
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Coles et al., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
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GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Paulay, 2011
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Acanthophora spicifera
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AlgaeBase
Ask et al., 2003
Brostoff, 1989
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1997
Coles et al., 1999a
GBIF
GISD
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Acartiella sinensis
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Orsi and Ohtsuka, 1999
Razouls etal.
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GBIF
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IUCN, 2010
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Acipenser sturio
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GBIF
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MEI, 2008
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Aetea anguina
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CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
DAISIE
GBIF
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Migotto and Winston, 2005
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Aetea truncata
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Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
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DAISIE
GBIF
Ignacio etal., 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Migotto and Winston, 2005
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
Osburn, 1947
Osburn, 1950
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Shluker, 2003
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Aeverrillia armata
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CSA, 2009
GBIF
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-------
OBIS
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Aglaothamnion tenuissimum
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GBIF
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Aiptasiomorpha minima
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OBIS
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CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2009
Castillo, 2000
Chernyshev and Chaban, 2005
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
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GBIF
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Lutaenko, 2010
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T N & Associates, 2002
Turgeon et al., 1998
Wasson et al., 2002
WORMS
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Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Alexandrium margalefi
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Band-Schmidt et al., 2003
Bandy, 1958
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
MacKenzie et al., 2004
OBIS
Selina and Morozova, 2005
Selina et al., 2006
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Alexandrium tamutum
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Brown etal., 2010
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Montresor et al., 2004
OBIS
Selina and Morozova, 2005
Selina et al., 2006
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
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Blake and Ruff, 2007
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CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
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Shluker, 2003
Surugiu, 2005
Teacaetal., 2006
Thompson et al., 2000
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GBIF
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Morton, 2003
Poore, 2002
Alosa sapidissima
#Master Comment
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Barnhart et al., 1992
Bryant and Souza, 2004
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Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Castillo, 2000
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Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
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Ellis, 1999
Ellis, 2002
Emmettetal., 1991
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
FishBase, 2009
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Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
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Meacham, 2001
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NWC, 2001
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CANOD, 2009
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SCAMIT, 2006
Amathia convoluta
#Master Comment
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CANOD, 2009
GBIF
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OBIS
Osburn, 1953
Winston, 1977
Amathia distans
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
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CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
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Coles et al., 1999a
Cranfield et al., 1998a
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Fehlauer-Aleetal.,2011
GBIF
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Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
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OBIS
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CANOD, 2009
Capaetal, 2001
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GBIF
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WORMS
Ameiurus melas
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CANOD, 2009
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Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Garcia-de-Lomas et al., 2009
GBIF
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OBIS
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Ammophila arenaria
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Correa, 2002
GBIF
GISD
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WORMS
Ammothella pacifica
Bishop Museum, 2000
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Ampelisca abdita
Cadien, 2007a
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Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
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Chapman, 1988
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
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Chapman et al., 1987
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Desmond et al., 2002
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
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Light etal., 2005
Nichols, 1985
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Nichols et al., 1990
OBIS
Poulton et al., 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shouse et al., 2004
Thompson et al., 2000
Amphibalanus amphitrite
#Master Comment
Anil etal., 2001
Asaietal., 1997
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1981
1782
-------
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1986
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1993
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Bishop Museum, 2000
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Game, 2002
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CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton etal., 2011
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
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Cohen
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Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
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DAISIE
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Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Doietal.,2011
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Emara and Belal, 2004
Farrapeira, 2008
Farrapeira, 201 Ob
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GBIF
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Hirataetal., 1988
Hiro, 1937
Hiro, 1938
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Iwasaki, 2006
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Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Jones et al., 2000
Kajihara, 1977
Kajihara, 1996
Kajihara et al., 1976
Kawahara, 1969
Kawahara et al., 1979
Kazihara, 1964
Kerckhof and Cattrijsse, 2001
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Kimura et al., 2004
Koukouras and Masta, 1998
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Maclellan, 2005
Mawatari, 1967
Mawatari and Hayashi, 1974
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Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
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Paulay and Ross, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
Pro Esteros, 2001
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SCAMIT, 2011
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UNDP/GEF, 2007
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Yamaguchi, 1983
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Yamanishi et al., 1991
Yan and Huang, 1990
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Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev and Korn, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2009
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Amphibalanus eburneus
#Master Comment
Arakawa, 1980
Asakura, 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton etal., 2011
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen et al., 2005a
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen et al., 2005b
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
DAISIE
Doietal.,2011
El-Komi and Kajihara, 1990
Emara and Belal, 2004
Farrapeira, 201 Ob
Farrapeira et al., 2009
Fujioka and Kimura, 2000
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Henry and McLaughlin, 1975
Hirataetal., 1988
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Iwaki, 1981
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Kado, 2003
Kajihara, 1977
Kajihara, 1996
Kawahara et al., 1979
Kimura and Sekiguchi, 1996b
Kimura et al., 2004
Kosaka and Ishibashi, 1979
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Mawatari, 1967
Mawatari and Hayashi, 1974
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MEI, 2008
Nabeshima, 2007
Newman, 2007
OBIS
Ohgaki, 2007
Okamoto, 1995
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Paavola et al., 2005
Paulay and Ross, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ramadan et al., 2006
SCAMIT, 2011
Seo and Lee, 2008
Sone et al., 2002
Streftaris et al., 2005
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Washitani, 2004
Wolff, 2005
WORMS
Yamaguchi, 1982
Yamaguchi, 1989
Yamanishi etal., 1991
Yasuda, 1970
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zevina and Gorin, 1971
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Amphibalanus improvisus
Adrianov et al., 2007
Arakawa, 1980
Asaietal., 1997
Asakura, 1992
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1981
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1986
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1993
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1996
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 2007
1784
-------
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2002
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Zullo, 1969
Carlton etal., 2011
Carlton et al., 1990
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
EPA, 2008
Farrapeira, 2008
Farrapeira, 201 Ob
Farrapeira et al., 2009
Filice, 1958
Ganmanee et al., 2004
GBIF
Henry and McLaughlin, 1975
Hewitt, 1993
Hirata, 1986
Hirataetal., 1988
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Ivanova et al., 2009
Iwaki, 1981
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Kado, 2003
Kajihara, 1977
Kajihara, 1996
Kajihara et al., 1976
Kawahara, 1963
Kawahara et al., 1979
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Kimura et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Liu, 2008
Markmann, 1986
Mawatari, 1967
Mawatari and Hayashi, 1974
Meacham, 2001
Mills and Rees, 2000
Nabeshima, 2007
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
Newman, 2007
Nichols et al., 1990
NIMPIS
OBIS
Ohgaki, 2007
Okamoto, 1995
Olenin et al.
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Ovsyannikova, 2008
Paavola et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Sone et al., 2002
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Teacaetal., 2006
Thompson et al., 2000
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Utinomi, 1970
Waldeck etal.,2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wehrtmann and Cortes, 2009
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yamaguchi, 1982
Yamaguchi, 1989
Yamamura, 1972
Yamamura et al., 1969
Yamanishi etal., 1991
Yasuda, 1970
Zevina and Gorin, 1971
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2000
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Amphibalanus reticulatus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton etal., 2011
1785
-------
Cohen, 2006
Coles et al., 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
Doietal.,2011
Farrapeira, 2008
Farrapeira, 201 Ob
Farrapeira et al., 2009
Gaonkar et al., 2010
GBIF
Henry and McLaughlin, 1975
Iwasaki, 2006
Jones, 2004
Kerckhof and Cattrijsse, 2001
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Liu, 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
OBIS
Prabowo and Yamaguchi, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Silva and Barros, 2011
Streftaris et al., 2005
Yan and Huang, 1990
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Amphibalanus subalbidus
#Master Comment
Carlton etal., 2011
Chavanich etal., 2010
Farrapeira et al., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Amphibalanus variegatus
#Master Comment
Alagarswami and Chellam, 1976
Arakawa, 1980
Ayaka and Ken, 2005
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Brickhill, 2008
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Dafforn et al., 2009
DAISIE
Egan and Anderson, 1986
GBIF
Henry and McLaughlin, 1975
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2005
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Karande, 1974
Kerckhof and Cattrijsse, 2001
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Martin and Foster, 1986
Mawatari, 1967
MEI, 2008
NewSouth Global, 2006
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Puspasari et al., 2002
Rajagopal et al., 1997
Utinomi, 1967
Utinomi, 1970
WORMS
Amphibalanus venustus
#Master Comment
Arakawa, 1980
Farrapeira, 2008
GBIF
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Koike et al., 2006
Mead etal.,2011
MEI, 2008
OBIS
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Utinomi, 1970
Yamaguchi, 1989
Young, 2000
Amphibalanus zhujiangensis
#Master Comment
Chavanich etal., 2010
Doietal.,2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Prabowo, 2010
Puspasari et al., 2002
Amphiglena mediterranea
Coles et al., 2009
Demopoulos and Smith, 2010
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moncuretal., 1999
1786
-------
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Tovar-Hernandez and Salazar-Vallejo,
2006
Amphinema sp. (Rees, 2000)
#Master Comment
Rees, 2000
Amphithalamus inclusus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
SCAMIT, 2011
Shluker, 2003
Turgeon et al., 1998
Ampithoe lacertosa
#Master Comment
Adrianov et al., 2007
Barnard, 1952a
Barnard, 1969a
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Castillo, 2000
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Conlan and Bousfield, 1982a
EPA, 1999
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Ivanova et al., 2009
Kim and Kim, 1987
Kim and Sim, 1987
MacGinitie, 1935
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
SCAMIT, 2008a
T N & Associates, 2002
Wasson et al., 2002
Yamada et al., 2007
Zongguo, 2001
Ampithoe longimana
#Master Comment
Carlton, 1979
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
EPA, 2008
GBIF
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
USGS-NAS
WORMS
Ampithoe sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
#Master Comment
Chapman, 2009
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ampithoe valida
#Master Comment
Alonso de Pina, 1997
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Castillo, 2000
Chapman, 2007
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Cohen etal, 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Cunhaetal, 1999
de Pina, 1997
Doi etal., 2011
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Kim and Kim, 1987
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
1787
-------
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Pardal et al., 2000
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Pilgrim and Darling, 2010
Posey, 1988
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
Wadaetal.,2010
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yamauchi et al., 2006
Ancistrocoma pelseneeri
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
ICPRB, 2007
Kozloff, 1946
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
NEAT, 1997
Ruiz et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
WORMS
Ancistrum cyclidioides
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Kozloff, 1946
Ruiz et al., 2000
Russell, 1967
Anguilla anguilla
#Master Comment
Aladin et al., 2006a
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miyai et al., 2004
NiandKwok, 1999
OBIS
Okamura et al., 2008
Wang, 2008
Anguilla australis
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Dill and Cordone, 1997
FAO FishFinder
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Okamura et al., 2008
Anguilla marmorata
#Master Comment
Arai et al., 2002b
Bishop Museum, 2000
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
James and Suzumoto, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Robertson and Allen
Williamson and Boetius, 1993
Anguilla rostrata
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Dill and Cordone, 1997
Eldredge, 1994
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Han et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miyai et al., 2004
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
USGS-NAS
Anguinella palmata
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cranfield et al., 1998a
GBIF
1788
-------
Gordon, 2009
Inglis et al., 2006d
Maclellan, 2005
Migotto and Winston, 2005
Osburn, 1953
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Winston, 1977
Winston and Mature, 2009
Anisolabis maritima
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton and Ruiz, 2005a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Daly, 2007a
GBIF
Haas
Kohno, 2001
Langston and Powell, 1975
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Anomalorhiza shawi
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Anomia nobilis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1997
Coles etal., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Paleobiology Database, 2010
Paulay, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
Shluker, 2003
WORMS
Anoplodactylus arescus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Child, 1988
Coles et al., 2002a
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Anoplodactylus californicus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Child, 1979
Child, 1982
Child, 1995
Child and Hedgpeth, 2007
Cinar et al., 2005b
Coles et al., 2002a
EPA, 2008
Galil, 2007
GBIF
Hutchins, 1952
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Melzer et al., 2005
Occhipinti-Ambrogi et al., 2010
SCAMIT, 2008a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Anoplodactylus digitatus
#Master Comment
Arango, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Child, 1992
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
Lipkin and Safriel, 1971
SeaLifeBase
Streftaris et al., 2005
WORMS
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Anoplodactylus erectus
Bamber, 1997
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Child, 1979
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Morton, 1997
Nakamura and Child, 1991
SCAMIT, 2008a
1789
-------
SeaLifeBase
T N & Associates, 2002
WADOE, 2002
Anoplodactylus marshallensis
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Anoplodactylus pycnosoma
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Child, 1979
Child, 1988
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Petryashov et al., 2007
Aoroides secundus
Ariyama, 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen et al., 2005b
EPA, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
SCAMIT, 2008a
Apseudes sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Argopecten irradians
#Master Comment
Brunei etal., 1998
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1999a
Chavanich etal., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Chu et al., 1996
Clarke et al., 2004
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Jia and Chen, 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Minchin, 2003
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Turgeon et al., 2009
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Armadilloniscus ellipticus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Jass and Klausmeier, 2000
Kwon, 1995
Li, 2003
Maclellan, 2005
Menzies, 1950
Schmalfuss, 2004
Taiti and Howarth, 1996
Ascidia archaia
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bullard etal., 2011
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Kott, 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Rocha, 2010
Zheng, 1995
Ascidia sp. (Lambert and Lambert, 1998)
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
EPA, 2000
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ascidia species A (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Ascidia species B (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Ascidia sydneiensis
#Master Comment
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Gaonkar etal., 2010
GBIF
Goodbody, 2004
1790
-------
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Marinsetal.,2010
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Monniot and Monniot, 2001
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rao, 2005
Rho and Park, 1998
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha, 2010
Rocha and Kremer, 2005
Rocha et al., 2009
Shluker, 2003
Subba Rao, 2005
Van Name, 1945
Zongguo, 2001
Ascidia zara
Abbott et al., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Honmaetal., 1974
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Rho and Park, 1998
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Ascidiella aspersa
Carman et al., 2009
Emara and Belal, 2004
GBIF
GISD
Haupt etal., 2010
Kott, 1985
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
Marineco, 2010
Mead etal., 2011
NIMPIS
OBIS
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Ascocotyle tenuicollis
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Hicks and Steele, 2003
OBIS
Overstreet et al., 2009
Scholz etal., 2001
Shluker, 2003
Ascophyllum nodosum
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Boyd et al., 2002
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Diaz-Piferrer, 1969
Elston, 1997
GBIF
Josselyn and West, 1985
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miller et al., 2004
Miller, 2004b
Miller, 2008
Asparagopsis armata
AlgaeBase
Andreakis et al., 2004
CANOD, 2009
Chualain et al., 2004
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Asparagopsis taxiformis
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Altamirano et al., 2008
Amado Filho et al., 2006
Andreakis et al., 2004
Bardamaskos et al., 2008
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
DAISIE
GBIF
Geller etal., 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
1791
-------
Padilla-Gamino and Carpenter, 2007
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Sherwood, 2008
Smithsonian Tropical Research, 2010
Streftaris et al., 2005
Tsiamis and Panayotidis, 2007
Zenetos et al., 2010
Aspidelectra cf. melolontha
#Master Comment
California Academy of Science
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks etal., 2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Aspidoconcha limnoriae
#Master Comment
ArcOD
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
GBIF
Holmes and Jeal, 1987
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
WORMS
Assiminea parasitologica
Carlton, 2008
GBIF
Laferriere et al., 2010
Miura et al., 2007
Atrichopogon jacobsoni
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Nishida, 2008
Wirth, 1980
Atrichopogon sp. (Carlton & Eldredge, 2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Attheya armata
#Master Comment
Abreu et al., 2003
Campbell, 1996
Carlton, 2002
Carlton, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ojeda and O'Shanahan, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Aurelia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dawson et al., 2005
OBIS
Aurelia sp. 1 (Dawson et al., 2005)
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Dawson et al., 2005
Ki et al., 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Avrainvillea amadelpha
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Brostoff, 1989
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Axiothella quadrimaculata
Bishop Museum, 2000
Coles et al., 2002b
Day, 1967b
Day and Hutchings, 1979
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
EPA, 2002c
GBIF
Hayward et al., 1997
Hutchings and Johnson
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Moncuretal., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Swartz et al., 2004
Yunetal., 1999
Babakina festiva
#Master Comment
Behrens, 2004
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
Erwin, 2009
Gosliner, 1995
Gosliner et al., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
1792
-------
McDonald, 2007
Padula and Absalao, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Turgeon et al., 1998
Balanus glandula
Allison, 1997
Barnhart et al., 1992
Berlow, 1997
Blanchette, 1997
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Dahlhoff etal., 2001
Davis et al., 2002
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Dethier and Duggins, 1988
Doietal.,2011
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Farrell, 1987
Farrell, 1988
Farrell, 1991
GBIF
Geller et al., 2008
Goddard, 1997
Griffiths et al., 2009
Grubbaetal., 2000
Halpin et al., 2002
Hewitt, 1993
Houcketal, 1997
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kado, 2000
Kado, 2003
Kado and Nanba, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Marsh, 1986a
Mead etal., 2011
MEI, 2008
Menge, 1992
Menge, 2000
Menge etal., 1997a
Menge etal., 1994
Morris etal., 1980
Nabeshima, 2007
Navarrete et al., 2000
Noda, 1999
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
PISCO, 2001a
PISCO, 200 Ib
PISCO, 2001c
PISCO, 2001d
PISCO, 2003
PISCO, 2004
PISCO, 2005
Raimondi, 2002
Sanford, 1999b
Sanford, 1999a
Sanford and Menge, 2001
SCAMIT, 2011
Schwindt, 2007
Schwindt et al., 2009
Shimura et al., 2007
Simon-Blecher et al., 2008
Sotka et al., 2004
SWAT, 2003b
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Turner, 1983a
Turner and Lucas, 1985
Waldeck etal.,2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Wieters and Navarrete, 1998
Zedleretal., 1992
Balanus perforatus
#Master Comment
bioSearch, 2009
GBIF
Kerckhof and Cattrijsse, 2001
Kim and Hong, 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Ramadan et al., 2006
Seo and Lee, 2008
WORMS
Bankia bipalmulata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 1997
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
1793
-------
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Turner and McKoy, 1979
Barentsia benedeni
#Master Comment
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen etal., 1998
DAISIE
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Goddard, 1997
Hewitt, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Nielsen, 1989
NIMPIS, 2002r
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Subba Rao, 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
USGS-NAS
Wasson and Mariscal, 2007
Wasson et al., 2002
Wasson et al., 2000
Wasson etal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
WDNR, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Barentsia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Batillaria attramentaria
#Master Comment
Berman and Carlton, 1991
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Byers, 1999
Byers, 2000b
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen etal., 1998
Eernisse et al., 2007
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
GISD
Ivanova et al., 2009
Iwasaki, 2006
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Miura et al., 2006
OBIS
O'Connor, 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wasson etal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Bimeria vestita
#Master Comment
Calder, 2010
CANOD, 2009
Cohen et al., 2005a
GBIF
Hargitt, 1927
Hirohito, 1988
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Vervoort, 2006
Bispira sp. A (Cohen et al., 2002)
#Master Comment
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen et al., 2005b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
SCAMIT, 2008a
Blackfordia virginica
#Master Comment
1794
-------
Aladin et al., 2006b
Bardi and Marques, 2009
bioSearch, 2009
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Carlton, 2007
Chicharo et al., 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Genzano et al., 2006
Goulletquer et al., 2002
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Liu, 2008
Mills and Rees, 2000
Mills and Sommer, 1995
Mills et al., 2007
NEMESIS
Nogueira and Oliveira, 2006
OBIS
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Boccardiella hamata
#Master Comment
Berkeley, 1927
Blake and Ruff, 2007
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2008
CANOD, 2009
Dean and Blake, 1966
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eijiro and Takahiro, 2004
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Kudenov, 1983
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
OBIS
Okuda, 1937
Orensanz et al., 2002
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Sato-Okoshi, 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
WADOE, 2002
Welch and Ruff, 2008
Zhou etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Boccardiella ligerica
#Master Comment
Baker et al., 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Day, 1967b
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Kudenov, 1983
Lana et al., 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal., 2005
Light, 1978
Markmann, 1986
NEMESIS
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Olenin et al.
Orensanz et al., 2002
Ruiz et al., 2000
Siegfried et al., 1980
Streftaris et al., 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Welch and Ruff, 2008
Bonamia ostreae
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Culloty and Mulcahy, 2007
DAISIE
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
1795
-------
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Torchin and Kuris, 2005
Zenetosetal., 2010
Bonnemaisonia hamifera
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
DAISIE
Funahashi, 1973
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Mathieson et al., 2008a
Norris and Bucher, 1976
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetosetal., 2010
Boonea cincta
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Fairey et al., 2002
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Oldroyd, 1927
Shluker, 2003
Turgeon et al., 1998
Boreosignum wilsoni
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Fairey et al., 2002
Foss et al., 2007
Kensley and Schotte, 1989
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
WORMS
Bostrichobranchus pilularis
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Crooks, 1998a
GBIF
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
Van Name, 1921
Van Name, 1945
WORMS
Bostrycapulus calyptraeiformis
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Collin, 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Bothriocephalus acheilognathi
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
DAISIE
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Shluker, 2003
USGS-NAS
Botrylloides diegensis
#Master Comment
Bermanetal., 1992
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2009
Cohen
Cohen et al., 2005a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lutaenko, 2010
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Van Name, 1945
WORMS
Botrylloides perspicuus
#Master Comment
Abbott et al., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 2006
Cohen et al., 2002
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Goodbody, 2000
Goodbody, 2004
Kott, 2005
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lambert, 2003a
Lambert, 2003b
1796
-------
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Monniot and Monniot, 2001
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Sanamyan and Sanamyan, 1999
Sanamyan and Schories, 2004
Zongguo, 2001
Botrylloides simodensis
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Hiroseetal, 1995
Lambert, 2003b
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Saito and Okuyama, 2003
WORMS
Botrylloides sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Botrylloides sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009)
CANOD, 2009
Botrylloides violaceus
Abbott et al., 2007
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Callahan et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Carman et al., 2009
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
Dijkstra et al., 2007
Epelbaum et al., 2009
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gittenberger, 2007
Hewitt, 1993
Hines et al., 2000b
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lambert, 2003a
Lambert and Sanamyan, 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Rho and Park, 1998
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
Saito and Okuyama, 2003
Sanamyan, 2000
Soule et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Botryllus schlosseri
#Master Comment
Abbott et al., 2007
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Ben-Shlomo etal., 2001
Ben-Shlomo etal., 2010
Berrill, 1932
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Callahan etal., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2009
Carman et al., 2010
Clarke et al., 2004
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRivera etal., 2007
Dijkstra et al., 2007
Emara and Belal, 2004
1797
-------
Epelbaum et al., 2009
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Griffiths et al., 2009
Hauptetal., 2010
Hewitt, 1993
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
MarLIN
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Mills, 200la
NEMESIS
NIMPIS, 2002v
NIMPIS
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Paz et al., 2003
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Ramadan et al., 2006
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
Saito and Okuyama, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Soule et al., 2007
Van Name, 1945
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Botryllus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Botryllus sp. A Lambert (CANOD, 2009)
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Bougainvillia muscus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bravo etal., 2011
Brinckmann-Voss, 1996
Calder, 1993
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chaplygina, 2006
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Cinar et al., 2008
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Devaney and Eldredge, 1977
Gaonkar etal., 2010
GBIF
Hayes et al., 2005
Hirohito, 1988
Inglis et al., 2006b
Kashin et al., 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal.,2005
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Miglietta et al., 2008
Mills, 1998
Mills, 200la
Mills et al., 2007
OBIS
Petrova and Dautova, 2008
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Vervoort, 2006
WORMS
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Boveria teredinidi
#Master Comment
bioSearch, 2009
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Hillman, 1979
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
Bowerbankia gracilis Cmplx
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
1798
-------
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Creary and Webber, 2009
DAISIE
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Farrapeira et al., 2009
GBIF
Gordon, 2009
Hewitt, 1993
Kashin et al., 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
McCann et al., 2007
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
Minchin and Eno, 2002
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
OBIS
Osburn, 1947
Osburn, 1953
Pederson et al., 2005
Ramalho and Muricy, 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Soule et al., 2007
T N & Associates, 2002
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Teacaetal., 2006
Thompson et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Winston, 1977
Winston and Mature, 2009
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2009
Bowerbankia imbricata
#Master Comment
Aladin et al., 2006a
ArcOD
Bishop Museum, 2000
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cranfield et al., 1998a
GBIF
Gordon, 2009
Hayward and McKinney, 2002
Johnston et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Osburn, 1953
Pederson et al., 2005
Shluker, 2003
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Winston, 1977
Brachydeutera ibari
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mathis and Ghorpade, 1985
Branchiomma bairdi
Capa and Lopez, 2004
Cinar, 2009
GBIF
Katsanevakis et al., 2009
Tovar-Hernandez et al., 2009b
Zenetos etal., 2010
Branchiomma japonica
#Master Comment
Biodiversity Research Museum
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Brevicirrosyllis weismanni
#Master Comment
Abd-Elnaby, 2009b
Boggemann et al., 2003
Day and Hutchings, 1979
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Musco and Giangrande, 2005
Nelson et al., 2007
1799
-------
OBIS
San Martin et al, 2009
Swartz et al., 2002
Uebelacker and Johnson, 1984
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
WORMS
Bruguiera sexangula
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
IUCN, 2010
Lin and Huang, 2007
OBIS
Western Australian Herbarium
Bryopsis sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
#Master Comment
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Ruiz et al., 2000
Silva, 1979
Buchnerillo sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Bugula californica
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brusca and Hendrickx
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Chavanich et al., 2010
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hewitt, 1993
Houcketal, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Long and Rucker, 1969
Morris etal., 1980
Osburn, 1950
Otani, 2006
Seo and Lee, 2008
Soule et al., 2007
Wasson et al., 2002
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Bugula dentata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Branch et al., 2007
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2003
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002a
Ramalho et al., 2005
Riddell, 1980
Seo and Min, 2009
Shluker, 2003
Winston, 1986
Bugula flabellata
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen et al., 2002
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Dyrynda and Ryland, 1982
GBIF
Gordon, 2009
Hewitt et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Ma et al., 2008
MarLIN
McCauley, 1972
Mead etal., 2011
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Osburn, 1912
Osburn, 1947
Osburn, 1950
Pollard and Hutchings, 1990
Robertson, 1905
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Valdivia et al., 2005
Winston, 1977
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Bugula fulva
#Master Comment
deRiveraetal., 2007
Hayward and McKinney, 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Martinez and Adarraga, 2008
Mature, 1966
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
1800
-------
OBIS
Pierrietal.,2010
Zenetosetal., 2010
Bugula minima
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Winston and Woollacott, 2008
Bugula neritina Cmplx
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Chavanich et al., 2003
Chavanich et al., 2010
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1997
Coles etal., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Creary and Webber, 2009
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Emara and Belal, 2004
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Gaonkar et al., 2010
GBIF
GISD
Gordon, 2009
Hayward, 1981
Hewitt, 1993
Hewitt et al., 2004
Ignacio etal., 2010
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lenihan et al., 1990
Li etal., 2010
Liu, 2008
Long and Rucker, 1969
Ma et al., 2008
Mackie et al., 2006
Maclellan, 2005
Mead etal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
NIMPIS
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Osburn, 1950
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ramadan et al., 2006
Ramalho and Muricy, 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
SeaLifeBase
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Soule et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Winston, 1977
Winston and Mature, 2009
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Zongguo et al., 1999
Bugula sp. 1 (Cohen et al., 1998)
#Master Comment
Cohen etal., 1998
deRivera etal., 2007
Hines and Ruiz, 2000a
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Bugula sp. 2 (Cohen et al., 1998)
#Master Comment
Cohen etal., 1998
Hines and Ruiz, 2000a
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Bugula stolonifera
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
1801
-------
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Clarke et al, 2004
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Coles etal., 1999a
Cranfield et al., 1998a
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
Emara and Belal, 2004
Gaonkar et al., 2010
GBIF
Gollasch et al., 2009
Gordon, 2009
Hao etal., 2005
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Pederson et al., 2005
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002a
Ramalho and Muricy, 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
Scholz et al., 2003
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Soule et al., 2007
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDNR, 1998
Winston, 1977
Winston and Mature, 2009
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Zongguo etal., 1999
Bunodeopsis sp. A (Engle and Richards,
2001)
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Engle and Richards, 2001
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Ranasinghe et al., 2005
SCAMIT, 1998
Talley et al., 2000
Williams, 2007c
Busycotypus canaliculatus
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
EPA, 2000
GBIF
Malacolog
Meehanetal., 1989
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Caberea boryi
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bock
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Dhondt, 1988
GBIF
Gluhak et al., 2007
Hayward and McKinney, 2002
Kozloff, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Migotto and Winston, 2005
OBIS
Seo and Min, 2009
Caecijaera horvathi
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brusca etal., 2001
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
GBIF
Kensley, 2001
1802
-------
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Menzies, 1951b
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
WORMS
Caligus sclerotinosus
#Master Comment
GBIF
Ho et al., 2004
Maran and Ohtsuka, 2008
Walter and Boxshall
Callinectes sapidus
Bishop Museum, 2000
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
DAISIE
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Hasegawa, 1992
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Jamieson et al., 1998
Kerckhofetal., 2007
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MEI, 2008
Muraoka and Taguchi, 1992
Nabeshima, 2007
Olenin et al.
Otani, 2006
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Visser et al., 2004
WORMS
Zenetos et al., 2010
Callithamnion corymbosum
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
GBIF
Hansen, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Ohetal, 1990
Yamagishi and Miwa, 2008
Caloria indica
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CIESM, 2006
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nudi Pixel
OBIS
Rudman, 1999
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Camallanus cotti
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Moravec and Justine, 2006
Canaceoides angulatus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Munari and Mathis, 2010
Wirth, 1969
Caprella danilevskii
#Master Comment
Aquenal Pty. Ltd., 2002
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Diaz et al., 2005
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Guerra-Garcia et al., 2006
Guerra-Garcia and Takeuchi, 2002
OBIS
Winfield et al., 2006
Caprella drepanochir
#Master Comment
ArcOD
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2009
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Liu, 2008
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
T N & Associates, 2002
Thiel and Gutow, 2003
Vassilenko, 2006
Watling and Carlton, 2007
Caprella equilibra
1803
-------
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Boyd et al., 2002
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Diaz et al., 2005
Doietal.,2011
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Guerra-Garcia, 2004
Jarrin, 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Maclellan, 2005
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MSIP
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
OBIS
Ramadan et al., 2006
Robinson et al., 2005
SCAMIT, 2008a
Thompson et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Watling and Carlton, 2007
Caprella mutica
Ashton et al., 2008
Ashton et al., 2007
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Chapman, 2009
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Cook etal., 2010
Cook et al., 2007a
DAISIE
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Frey et al., 2009
GBIF
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Minchin and Holmes, 2007
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Streftaris et al., 2005
Vassilenko, 2006
Wasson et al., 2002
Wasson etal., 2001
Watling and Carlton, 2007
WDNR, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Caprella penantis
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2008
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
deRiveraetal., 2007
Diaz et al., 2005
Doietal.,2011
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Robinson et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
1804
-------
Vassilenko, 2006
Wasson et al., 2002
Watling and Carlton, 2007
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Caprella scaura
#Master Comment
Ashton, 2010
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2009
Doietal.,2011
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Fairey et al., 2002
Foster etal., 2004
GBIF
Guerra-Garcia, 2003
Guerra-Garcia, 2004
Guerra-Garcia and Takeuchi, 2003
Guerra-Garcia et al., 2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Martinez and Adarraga, 2008
McCann et al., 2007
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
OBIS
Occhipinti-Ambrogi, 2000
Ruiz etal., 2011
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Takeuchi, 1999
Thiel et al., 2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Watling and Carlton, 2007
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Caprella simia
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen et al., 2005b
Foss, 2011
Liu, 2008
Takeuchi, 1999
Watling and Carlton, 2007
Zongguo, 2001
Carcinus aestuarii
#Master Comment
Asakura, 1992
Carlton and Cohen, 2003
Chavanichetal., 2010
Chen et al., 2003
Chen et al., 2004
Furota and Kinoshita, 2004
Furota et al., 2008
Furota etal., 1999
GBIF
Gelleretal., 1997
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Kimura et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
MEI, 2008
Muraoka, 1996b
Nabeshima, 2007
Otani, 2006
Roman and Palumb, 2004
Sakai, 1986
Shimura et al., 2007
Washitani, 2004
Watanabe, 1997
Yamada and Hauck, 2001
Carcinus maenas
#Master Comment
Behrens Yamada, 2005
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Carlton and Cohen, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Carr and Dumbauld, 2000
Castillo, 2000
Chew, 1998b
Chew, 1998a
Clarke et al., 2004
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen etal., 1995
1805
-------
Crooks, 1998b
Darling et al., 2008
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Elston, 1997
Emara and Belal, 2004
EPA, 2000
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 2007
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Grosholz et al., 2000
Hidalgo et al., 2005
Hunt and Behrens Yamada, 2003
Jamieson et al., 2002
Jamieson et al., 1998
Jensen et al., 2002
Kuris et al., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Miller, 1996
NIMPIS, 2002k
Otani, 2006
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Poore, 1996
Robinson et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wicksten, 2008
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Yamada and Hauck, 2001
Yamada and Hunt, 2000
Yamada etal., 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Carijoa riisei
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Cangussu et al., 2010
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Concepcion et al., 2010
GBIF
GISD
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
See et al., 2009
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Cassiopea andromeda
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cevik et al., 2006
GBIF
Holland et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Cassiopea sp. 3 (Holland et al., 2004)
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Holland et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Catriona rickettsi
#Master Comment
Behrens, 2004
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
Bertsch et al., 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
Fairey et al., 2002
Gosliner, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
McDonald, 2007
Ruiz et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1998
Caulacanthus ustulatus
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Boyd et al., 2002
CANOD, 2009
GBIF
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
1806
-------
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Masuda et al., 1999
Miller, 2004b
OBIS
Ritter et al., 2008
Ruiz et al., 2006
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zuccarello et al., 2002
Caulerpa taxifolia
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
DAISIE
Fairey et al., 2002
Fraidenburg, 2002
GBIF
GISD
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kimura et al., 2004
Komatsu et al., 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Mayakun and Prathep, 2005
Meacham, 2001
NIMPIS, 2002a
NIMPIS, 2002t
NIMPIS
OBIS
Otani, 2006
Shimura et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Caulibugula caliculata
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Caulibugula dendrograpta
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Cubit and Williams, 1983
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lira etal.,2010
Mature, 1966
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Caulleriella acicula
Day, 1967b
GBIF
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Cecina manchurica
Bogatov, 2000
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen, 2004b
Gillespie et al., 1999
Gul'bin, 2004
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Morrison, 1962
Prozorova, 2003
Turgeon et al., 1988
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Centromedon pumilus
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Budnikova, 1994
Cross et al., 1987a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Vader, 1998
WORMS
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Centropyge flavissima
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Cephaloidophora communis
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
1807
-------
Lacombe et al., 2002
NEAT, 1997
Cephalopholis argus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Ceramium cimbricum
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Atlas of Living Australia
Chapman and Therriault, 2010
CDF
Cho et al., 2002
GBIF
Gittenberger et al., 2010
Hansen, 2000
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mateo-Cid et al., 2006
Mathieson et al., 2008b
Mineura et al., 2007
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Silvaetal., 1996
Titlyanov et al., 2006
Ceramium giacconei
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Cho et al., 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ceramium kondoi
#Master Comment
Cho et al., 2002
Ivanova et al., 2009
Kozhenkova, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Yang et al., 2008
Ceramium sinicola
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Hines et al., 2000b
Ruiz et al., 2000
Cercaria batillariae
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Miura et al., 2006
Torchin et al., 2005
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Cercyon fimbriatum
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
White and Nelson, 2007
Ceropsilopa coquilletti
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Englund et al., 2000a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mathis, 1997
McCreadie and Adler, 2000
Chaetogaster diaphanus
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Capraz and Arslan, 2005
Cook and Brinkhurst, 1973
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Martinez-Ansemil and Giani, 1987
OBIS
Ohtaka and Nishino, 1995
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Thompson et al., 2000
Wetzel et al., 2007
Chaetopterus variopedatus Cmplx
#Master Comment
Blake and Ruff, 2007
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 2008
Osborn et al., 2007
Reish, 1964c
SCAMIT, 2008a
WADOE, 2002
Welch, 2006a
Zedleretal., 1992
Chalinula loosanoffi
1808
-------
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Fairey et al, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2007a
Light et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Soest et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Chama fibula
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1997
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Neil et al., 2002
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Paulay, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
Shluker, 2003
Slack-Smith and Bryce, 2004
WORMS
Chama lazarus
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1997
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Paulay, 1996
Paulay, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
Shluker, 2003
Slack-Smith and Bryce, 2004
Taylor and Glover, 2004
WORMS
Chama macerophylla
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
GBIF
Godwin et al., 2005
Jaxshells, 2008
Malacolog
OBIS
Paulay, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
WORMS
Chama pacifica
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 1997
Coles et al., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Neil et al., 2002
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Paulay, 1996
Paulay, 2003
Russell and Hewitt, 2000
Shluker, 2003
Slack-Smith and Bryce, 2004
Streftaris et al., 2005
Taylor and Glover, 2004
WORMS
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Cheiriphotis megacheles
#Master Comment
Barnard, 1979a
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
GBIF
Imbach, 1967
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lowry, 2000
Nairetal., 1983
Nayar, 1965
OBIS
Sa et al., 2007
SCAMIT, 2008a
1809
-------
Shin et al., 2004
Valerio-Berardo et al., 2000
WORMS
Chelura terebrans
#Master Comment
Benson etal., 2001
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cartes et al., 2009
Chapman, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Robinson et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
USGS-NAS
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Chroodactylon ornatum
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Conides et al., 1999
GBIF
Hansen, 1997
Hines et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Lobban and Tsuda, 2003
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
USGS-NAS
Zongguo, 2001
Chrysallida trachis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Chrysiptera taupou
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Chthamalus proteus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1997
Coles et al., 1999a
Farrapeira, 2008
GBIF
GISD
Godwin, 2003
Kado, 2003
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Paulay and Ross, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
See et al., 2009
Shluker, 2003
Southward et al., 1998
Zabin et al., 2007
Zardus and Hadfield, 2005
Ciona intestinalis
Abbott et al., 2007
ArcOD
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman et al., 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Chavanichetal., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Emara and Belal, 2004
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Griffiths et al., 2009
Hauptetal., 2010
Hayward, 1997
Huang etal., 1992
1810
-------
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lenihan et al., 1990
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
MarLIN
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
NIMPIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani, 2006
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Ramadan et al., 2006
Rho and Park, 1998
Ritter, 1913
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
SeaLifeBase
Sejretal., 2000
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Therriault and Herborg, 2008
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USGS-NAS
WADOE, 2002
WDFW, 1998
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev et al., 2007a
Ciona savignyi
#Master Comment
Abbott et al., 2007
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lambert, 2003a
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Smith etal., 2010
Soule et al., 2007
WDNR, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Zvyagintsev et al., 2007a
Cladonema pacificum
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2007
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Hirohito, 1988
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miglietta et al., 2008
Nakaokaetal., 2001
Petrova and Dautova, 2008
Rees, 1982
Ruiz et al., 2000
Cladonema radiatum
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Bishop Museum, 2000
Calder, 1993
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen etal., 1998
GBIF
Hirai, 1958
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Migotto et al., 2002
Mills, 1998
Mills, 200la
Mills et al., 2007
1811
-------
Raghu Prasad et al., 1961
Rees, 1982
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Clarias batrachus
#Master Comment
FAO FishFinder
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Ng and Kottelat, 2008
Seo and Lee, 2008
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Clasiopella uncinata
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Cheng and Mathis, 2003
Englund et al., 2000a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mathis, 1994
Mathis, 1997
Clathria prolifera
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Lee et al., 2007b
Lee et al., 2007a
Light et al., 2005
Meacham, 2001
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Clava multicornis
#Master Comment
ArcOD
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton, 2007
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Fairey et al., 2002
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Mills et al., 2007
Ruiz et al., 2000
WORMS
Claviceps purpurea var. spartinae
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Cliona thoosina
#Master Comment
Hines et al., 2000b
Ponti etal., 2011
Ruiz et al., 2006
Soest et al.
Voultsiadou, 2005a
Voultsiadou, 2005b
WORMS
Clymenella torquata
Banse, 1981
Blake and Ruff, 2007
DAISIE
Davis, 2007
EPA, 2008
Garwood, 2007
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
WADOE, 2002
Clytia hemisphaerica
#Master Comment
Bagaveeva et al., 1984
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Hines and Ruiz, 2000b
Kelmo and Attrill, 2003
Maclellan, 2005
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MSIP
1812
-------
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
Paulay et al., 2002
Petrova and Dautova, 2008
Shluker, 2003
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Yanetal., 2009
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Cnemidocarpa irene
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen, 2006
GBIF
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lambert, 2005
Locke, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Paulay et al., 2002
Rho and Park, 1998
Shluker, 2003
Codium fragile fragile
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton et al., 1990
Chavanich et al., 2003
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
DAISIE
Dromgoole and Foster, 1983
GBIF
Hines et al., 2000b
Josselyn and West, 1985
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Mathieson et al., 2008a
Meacham, 2001
Neill et al., 2005
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
SWAT, 2003a
Trowbridge, 199 la
Trowbridge, 1991b
Trowbridge, 1992b
Trowbridge, 1993b
WDFW, 1998
Williams and Smith, 2007
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Conidophrys pilisuctor
#Master Comment
Carlton, 1979
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mayen-Estrada and Aladro-Lubel, 2004
Mohr and LeVeque, 1948
NEAT, 1997
Ruiz et al., 2000
Conocarpus erectus
Allen, 1998
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dukeetal., 1998
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lin and Huang, 2007
Conopeum seurati
Cranfield et al., 1998a
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
GBIF
Gordon, 2009
Inglis et al., 2006a
Kubanin, 1975
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lu et al., 2007
Meadetal.,2011
Paavola et al., 2005
Scholz et al., 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Winston, 1977
WORMS
Wyatt et al., 2005
Zevinaetal., 1975
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Conopeum tenuissimum
AMBS, 2002
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
1813
-------
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
deRiveraetal., 2007
GBIF
Hewitt, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Soule et al., 2007
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Winston, 1977
Winston and Mature, 2009
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Copula sivickisi
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
NMNH
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Corbicula fluminea
#Master Comment
Alexandrov et al., 2007
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brzezinski and Holton, 1983
BSERP, 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton et al., 1990
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Counts, 1986
DAISIE
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Gillespie et al., 1999
Haertel and Osterberg, 1967
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Montagna et al., 2008
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Nichols et al., 1990
Nordby and Zedler, 1991
Peterson and Vayssieres, 2004
Poulton et al., 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
Siegfried et al., 1980
Silva and Barros, 2011
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Toft et al., 2002
Turgeon et al., 1988
USGS-NAS
Waldecketal.,2003
WDFW, 1998
Zongguo, 2001
Corbula amurensis
Alpine and Cloern, 1992
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton et al., 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal, 1995
Cordell and Morrison, 1996
Decho and Luoma, 1991
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
1814
-------
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al, 2002
GBIF
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Ivanova et al., 2009
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Kimmerer et al., 1994
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Leung and Morton, 2003
Light et al., 2005
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mecum, 2004
Nichols et al., 1990
OBIS
Poulton et al., 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shimura et al., 2007
The Bay Institute, 2004
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
Zongguo, 2001
Cordylophora caspia
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cohen etal., 1998
DAISIE
GBIF
Goulletqueretal., 2002
Haertel and Osterberg, 1967
Hayes et al., 2005
Hewitt, 1993
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Lu et al., 2007
Maclellan, 2005
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 1998
Mills, 200la
Mills and Rees, 2000
Mills and Sommer, 1995
Mills et al., 2007
Nehring, 2005
NIMPIS
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Siegfried et al., 1980
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Waldeck etal.,2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Corella minuta
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian Tropical Research, 2010
Van Name, 1921
Van Name, 1945
Corophium alienense
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton et al., 1990
Chapman, 1988
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
1815
-------
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2005a
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Light et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Corophium heteroceratum
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Lee et al., 2003a
Ruiz et al., 2000
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Zongguo, 1994
Zongguo, 2001
Corymorpha sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
#Master Comment
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
EPA, 1999
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
T N & Associates, 2002
Corynomorpha prismatica
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Johnetal., 1977
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Millar and Payri, 2006
OBIS
Western Australian Herbarium
Williams and Smith, 2007
Cothurnia limnoriae
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
NEAT, 1997
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Crassostrea gigas
#Master Comment
Alexandrov et al., 2007
Ayres, 1991
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
BSERP, 2007
Burreson et al., 2000
Byers, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carl and Guiguet, 1981
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Castanos et al., 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Chew, 1998b
Chew, 1998a
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen etal, 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Coles et al., 2002a
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Elston, 1997
1816
-------
Emmettetal., 1991
Everett et al., 1995
Fairey et al., 2002
Feist and Simenstad, 2000
Feldmanetal., 2000
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Hayward, 1997
Hewitt, 1993
Hines et al., 2000b
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Ivanova et al., 2009
Iwasaki, 2006
Jamieson et al., 1998
Kashin et al., 2000
Kerckhofetal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leppakoski and Olenin, 2000
Liu, 2008
Lutaenko et al., 2006
Manahan, 1989
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Melo etal.,2010
Mills, 200la
NIMPIS, 2002c
NIMPIS
NWC, 2001
Olenin et al.
Orensanz et al., 2002
Paulay, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Quayle, 1960
Quayle, 1969
Quayle, 1971
Quayle, 1988
Ricketts et al., 1985
Riedel and Guardino, 2005
Ruesink et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Visser et al., 2004
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Williams, 1997
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zipperer, 1996
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Crassostrea virginica
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
BSERP, 2007
Burreson et al., 2000
Byers, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carl and Guiguet, 1981
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Eldredge, 1994
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Fairey et al., 2002
FAO FishFinder
Fasten, 1931
Feldman et al., 2000
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Iwasaki, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leppakoski and Olenin, 2000
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Meehanetal., 1989
Olenin et al.
Quayle, 1960
1817
-------
Ruesink et al., 2005
Shluker, 2003
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zipperer, 1996
Crepidula convexa
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Collin et al., 2006
Eernisse et al., 2007
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
Hanna, 1966
Hendler and Franz, 1971
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
McGlashan et al., 2008
Meehan et al., 1989
Ruiz et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Crepidula fornicata
#Master Comment
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen etal., 1998
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eernisse et al., 2007
GBIF
Hanna, 1966
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
MarLIN
McGlashan et al., 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
SCAMIT, 2011
Shimura et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zedleretal., 1992
Zenetos etal., 2010
Crepidula onyx
#Master Comment
Arakawa, 1980
Asaietal., 1997
Asakura, 1992
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chavanichetal., 2010
City of San Diego, 2003
Collin et al., 2006
Davis et al., 2002
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Dexter, 1983
Ekawa, 1985
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Higo, 1988
Higoetal, 1999
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Kimura et al., 2004
1818
-------
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leung and Morton, 2003
Matsuokaetal., 1999
Nabeshima, 2007
Ohgaki, 2007
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
SCAMIT, 2008a
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
T N & Associates, 2002
Takayama, 2001
Torigoe, 1986
Turgeon et al., 1998
USGS-NAS
Zedleretal., 1992
Zongguo, 2001
Crepidula plana
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Collin et al., 2006
Eernisse et al., 2007
GBIF
Hanna, 1966
Malacolog
McClean, 2007
Meacham, 2001
Meehan et al., 1989
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Cricotopus bicinctus
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Markmann, 1986
Crocothemis servilia
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
IUCN, 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Rodgers, 2010
Crucibulum spinosum
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
City of San Diego, 2003
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Davis et al., 2002
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Keen, 1971
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nestler and Stebbins, 2003
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Pro Esteros, 2001
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Turgeon et al., 1998
Crucigera websteri
Bastida-Zavala, 2008
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
ten Hove and Kupriyanova, 2009
Treadwell, 1914
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
WORMS
Cryptosula pallasiana
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
1819
-------
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Clarke et al, 2004
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gordon, 2009
Hayward and McKinney, 2002
Hewitt, 1993
Hines et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Liu, 2008
Long and Rucker, 1969
Ma et al., 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
NIMPIS
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Osburn, 1952
Ramadan et al., 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Seo,1998
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Soule et al., 2007
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
WDNR, 1998
Winston, 1977
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Culicia rachelfitzhardingeae
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
WORMS
Cuthona columbiana
Carlton, 1979
Goddard, 1990
Gosliner, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal., 2011
SCAMIT, 2008a
Turgeon et al., 1998
Wasson et al., 2002
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Cuthona perca
#Master Comment
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CIESM, 2006
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Gosliner, 1995
Hirano, 1993
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MEI, 2008
OBIS
Otani, 2006
Pittman and Fiene
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
USGS-NAS
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Cutleria multifida
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Aquenal Pty. Ltd., 2006
Black Sea Workbook, 2010
Boraso and Zaixso, 2010
Chavanichetal., 2010
Furota and Nakayama, 2010
GBIF
Hewitt et al., 2004
Inglis et al., 2006e
Iwasaki, 2006
1820
-------
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lewis, 1999
Migita and Ichiki, 1962
Nelson, 1999
Otani, 2006
Western Australian Herbarium
Cyclodinus mundulus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
SBMNH
Cynoscion nebulosus
#Master Comment
FishBase, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Wang, 2008
WORMS
Cyprinus carpio
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Caspian Environment Programme
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Fairey et al., 2002
FAO Fact Sheets
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Love et al., 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Olenin et al.
Richardson et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
USGS, 2010
USGS-NAS
Cytospora rhizophorae
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Fryar et al., 2004
Kohlmeyer and Volkmann-Kohlmeyer,
1988
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maldonado-Ramirez and Torres-Pratts,
2005
Dasya sessilis
#Master Comment
Araujo et al., 2009
CANOD, 2009
GBIF
Hansen, 2008
Hughey et al., 2009
Ivanova et al., 2009
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mineuraetal., 2007
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Streftaris et al., 2005
Verlaque, 2002
Zenetos etal., 2010
Deiratonotus cristatum
#Master Comment
Alyakrinsky, 2011
Labai, 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Quanetal.,2011
Sakai, 2008
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Deltamysis holmquistae
#Master Comment
Bowman and Orsi, 1992
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Light etal., 2005
Modlin and Orsi, 1997
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Demonax sp. A (Cohen et al., 2002)
#Master Comment
Cohen et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Desmarestia ligulata
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
CANOD, 2009
CDF
Chavanichetal., 2010
1821
-------
Chen et al., 2006a
GBIF
Goddard, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
McDermid and Abbott, 2006
Nelson et al., 2002
Parsons, 1995
PISCO, 200 Ib
Pondella, 2009
Raimondi, 2002
Ramirez, 2010
Seo and Lee, 2008
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Diadumene cincta
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Galil, 2006
GBIF
J0rgensen, 2006
Kluijver and Ingalsuo, 201 Ob
Marchini and Marchini, 2006
Nehring, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Diadumene franciscana
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Fautin and Hand, 2007
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Diadumene leucolena
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Fairey et al., 2002
Fautin and Hand, 2007
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Pro Esteros, 2001
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Diadumene lineata
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen etal, 200la
Cohen
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Dunn, 1982
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Fautin and Daly, 2009
1822
-------
Fautin and Hand, 2007
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Hewitt, 1993
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Kerckhofetal., 2007
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 1998
Mills, 200la
Mills et al., 2007
Molina etal., 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Uchida, 1932
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Zenetos etal., 2010
Dictyota flabellata
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Dawson, 1950
Etcheverry, 1986
Didemnum candidum Cmplx
#Master Comment
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Berrill, 1932
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Daniel and Therriault, 2007
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
GBIF
Herdman, 1886
Hurlbut, 1992
Kott, 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rho and Park, 1998
Savigny, 1817
Shluker, 2003
Tokioka, 1967
USGS-NAS
Van Name, 1945
Welch, 2005
Didemnum perlucidum
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
Kott, 2004
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Monniot and Monniot, 1994
Paulay et al., 2002
USGS-NAS
Witman and Smith, 2003
Didemnum psammatode
#Master Comment
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman et al., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Farrapeira et al., 2009
GBIF
Goodbody, 1993
Kott, 2005
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Monniot and Monniot, 2001
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rocha et al., 2005
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
WORMS
Didemnum vexillum
#Master Comment
Abbott et al., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carman et al., 2009
1823
-------
Cohen
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al, 2002
Kott, 2004
Lambert, 2001
Lambert, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Stefaniak et al., 2009
USGS-WHSC
Dinophysis caudata
#Master Comment
Adachi et al., 2008
AlgaeBase
Chavanich et al., 2010
GBIF
Gul and Saifullah, 2010
Haraguchi and Odebrecht, 2010
Holmes etal., 1999
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Okaichi, 1967
Seo and Lee, 2008
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Villac and Tenenbaum,, 2010
Wehrtmann and Cortes, 2009
WORMS
Diodora rueppellii
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CIESM, 2006
Demur, 2003
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Trondle and Boutet, 2009
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Diplosoma listerianum
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
deRiveraetal., 2007
Dijkstra et al., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
Fay and Vallee, 1979
GBIF
Gittenberger, 2007
Glasby et al., 2007
Griffiths et al., 2009
Hauptetal., 2010
Hewitt, 1993
Kott, 2005
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
Marins etal., 2010
Mead etal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
NEMESIS
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002a
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Ramadan et al., 2006
Rho and Park, 1998
Ritter and Forsyth, 1917
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha and Faria, 2005
Rocha and Kremer, 2005
Rocha et al., 2005
Rocha etal., 2010
Rocha et al., 2009
Rowe, 1966
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sanamyan, 1999
Sanamyan and Schories, 2004
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Van Name, 1945
Watanabe and Harrold, 1991
Welch, 2005
Witman and Smith, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Dipolydora commensalis
#Master Comment
1824
-------
Berkeley, 1927
Berkeley and Berkeley, 1936
Dualan and Williams, 2011
GBIF
Hatfield, 1965
Kozloff, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Orensky and Williams, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
SCAMIT, 2008a
Welch and Ruff, 2008
Dipolydora normalis
#Master Comment
Day, 1967b
EPA, 2002c
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Macnae and Kalk, 1962
Moncur et al., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Simon, 2011
Swartz et al., 2004
Dolichopus exsul
#Master Comment
American Entomological Society, 1925
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
Evenhuis, 1989
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Donaceus nigronotatus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
Krauss, 1965
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Dorosoma petenense
#Master Comment
Armor and Herrgesell, 1985
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bryant and Souza, 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Castillo, 2000
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Fairey et al., 2002
FishBase, 2009
Gartz, 2004
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Love et al., 2005
Marshall, 2004
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
USGS-NAS
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yoklavich et al., 1991
Yoklavich et al., 2002
Dynoides dentisinus
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Ivanova et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li, 2000
Liu, 2008
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Zongguo, 2001
Ecteinascidia imperfecta
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Kott, 2003
Kott, 2005
Lambert, 2003b
OBIS
Elachista nigra
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Atlas of Living Australia
CANOD, 2009
Kitayama et al., 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miller, 2008
Uwai et al., 2002
Wiltshire etal., 2010
Elasmopus rapax
#Master Comment
Cadien, 2007e
1825
-------
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Emara and Belal, 2004
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
LeCroy et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lenihan et al., 1990
Martin and Diaz, 2003
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Sliwaetal., 2009
WORMS
Electra tenella
#Master Comment
Cangussu et al., 2010
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Gaonkar et al., 2010
GBIF
Gordon, 2009
Inglis et al., 2008b
Kubota and Mawatari, 1985
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Long and Rucker, 1969
Montoya-Cadavid et al., 2007
Morrisey and Miller, 2008
Occhipinti-Ambrogi et al., 2010
Osburn, 1947
Rosso, 2009
Seo and Min, 2009
Seo and Lee, 2008
Streftaris et al., 2005
Winston, 1977
Zenetos etal., 2010
Enallagma civile
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Endeis biseriata
#Master Comment
Arango, 2003
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
OBIS
WORMS
Endeis nodosa
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nakamura and Child, 1991
Endeis procera
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
WORMS
Enhydrosoma lacunae
Gomez, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Enochrus sayi
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Gundersen, 1977
Lester H. Inouye & Associates, Inc.,
2010
Eochelidium sp. A (Chapman, 2007)
#Master Comment
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Hines and Ruiz, 2000a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Paquette and Cadien, 1996
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
T N & Associates, 2002
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Ephydra gracilis
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
1826
-------
Deonier, 1972
Englund et al., 2000a
Morris et al., 1980
Ephydra millbrae
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cheng, 1976
Deonier, 1972
Englund et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ericthonius brasiliensis
#Master Comment
Barnard, 1979a
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Cohen et al., 2002
Cole, 1988
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Emara and Belal, 2004
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Huang etal., 1999
LeCroy, 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lie, 1968
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Myers and McGrath, 1984
OBIS
Ramadan et al., 2006
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Subba Rao, 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Eriocheir sinensis
#Master Comment
Berezina, 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
DAISIE
EPA, 2000
GBIF
GISD
Iwasaki, 2006
Jamieson etal., 1998
Jensen and Armstrong, 2004
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
NIMPIS
Olenin et al.
Rudnick et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Takeda and Koizumi, 2005
USGS-NAS
Wang et al., 2009a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zhao et al., 2002
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Escharoides excavata
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Inglis et al., 2006f
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Seo,1998
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shin, 2010
Etheirophora blepharospora
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Fryar et al., 2004
OBIS
1827
-------
Shearer and Raja
WORMS
Eucheuma denticulatum
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Ask et al., 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Collenetal., 1995
GBIF
Gerung and Ohno, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Neish, 2003
Sulu et al., 2004
Unknown, 2000
Williams, 2007c
Williams and Smith, 2007
Eufolliculina lignicola
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Matthews, 1968
Eumida sanguinea
#Master Comment
Akioka et al., 1999
ArcOD
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Blake and Ruff, 2007
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Day, 1967a
Diaz, et al., 2009
GBIF
Hartman, 1944b
Hartman, 1968
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lie, 1968
Liu, 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MTS, 1992
Nelson et al., 2007
Nygren and Pleijel, 2011
OBIS
Orensanz, 1996
0rsted, 1843
Parapar et al., 2009
Paxton and Chou, 2000
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Pleijel, 1993a
Pleijel, 1993b
Reish, 1964c
Shluker, 2003
Surugiu, 2005
Welch, 2005
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Eurylana arcuata
#Master Comment
Bowman etal., 1981
Bruce and Wetzer, 2008
Brusca etal., 2001
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
GBIF
Jansen, 1981
NIMPIS
Poore, 2002
Ruiz et al., 2000
Eurytemora affinis Cmplx
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Avent et al., 2000
Barnhart et al., 1992
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cordell and Morrison, 1996
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Jassbyetal, 1995
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Kimmerer et al., 1994
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee, 2000
Lee and Frost, 2002
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Mecum, 2004
Orsi and Mecum, 1986
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
1828
-------
The Bay Institute, 2004
USGS-NAS
Waldeck et al., 2003
Eusarsiella zostericola
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen et al., 2007
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Jones, 1961
Kornicker, 1986
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Eusyllis japonica
Banse, 1972
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lu et al., 2007
WADOE, 2002
Welch and Ruff, 2008
Eusynstyela hartmeyeri
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Monniot, 2002
Monniot and Monniot, 2001
OBIS
Perez-Portela et al., 2009
Shenkar and Loya, 2009
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
WORMS
Evalea cf. americana
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Exogone longicornis
#Master Comment
Aguado and San Martin, 2006
Bailey-Brock, 2003
Bastida-Zavala, 2008
EPA, 2002c
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
San Martin, 2005
SCAMIT, 2008a
SeaLifeBase
Swartz et al., 2002
Exopalaemon carinicauda
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Guo et al., 2005
Kuris et al., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
USGS-NAS
Wicksten, 1997
Zongguo, 2001
Exosphaeroma sp. (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 1999a
Favonigobius sp. (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Fenneropenaeus chinensis
#Master Comment
Adrianov et al., 2007
GBIF
Iwasaki, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nakashima et al., 2000
Fenneropenaeus merguiensis
#Master Comment
Chavanichetal., 2010
Eldredge, 1994
FAO FishFinder
FAO Fact Sheets
GBIF
1829
-------
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
SeaLifeBase
Seo and Lee, 2008
Zenetosetal., 2010
Ficopomatus enigmaticus
#Master Comment
Arakawa, 1980
Asakura, 1992
Bastida-Zavala, 2008
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brugnoli et al., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Cohen
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen etal., 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
DAISIE
Dixon, 1981
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota et al., 2008
Galil, 2007
GBIF
GISD
Hayward, 1997
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Imajima, 1979b
Imajima, 1980
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kajiharaetal., 1976
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Kimura and Sekiguchi, 1996b
Kimura et al., 2004
Koike et al., 2006
Kudenov, 1983
Kupriyanova et al., 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MEI, 2008
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Nabeshima, 2007
NEMESIS
Nishi, 2003
Nishi and Kato, 2004
Nishi and Tanaka, 2006
Nishi and Tanaka, 2007
OBIS
Okamoto, 1995
Olenin et al.
Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Schwindt et al., 2004
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris and Zenetos, 2006
Streftaris et al., 2005
Subba Rao, 2005
Thompson et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Yamanishi etal., 1991
Zenetosetal., 2010
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Ficopomatus miamiensis
#Master Comment
Bastida-Zavala, 2008
OBIS
Tovar-Hernandez et al., 2009a
Folinella navisa
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Rosenberg et al., 2009
SCAMIT, 2011
Turgeon et al., 1998
Fucus cottonii
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Hines et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
Serrao et al., 2006
WORMS
Fundulus diaphanus
#Master Comment
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
1830
-------
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Sytsma et al., 2004a
USGS-NAS
Gambusia affinis
#Master Comment
Allen, 1982
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Desmond et al., 2002
Desmond et al., 1999
Fierstine et al., 1973
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Ishikawa and Tachihara, 2008
Japan NEIS
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Nordby and Zedler, 1991
Paavola et al., 2005
Paulay et al., 2002
Shluker, 2003
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
West et al., 2002
Williams, 1996
Williams, 1997
Williams et al., 1998c
Williams et al., 1998b
Williams et al., 1999
Williams etal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yoklavich et al., 2002
Zedler etal., 1992
Gammarus daiberi
#Master Comment
Bousfield, 1969
Cadien, 2007d
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Maclellan, 2005
Peterson and Vayssieres, 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Toft et al., 2002
Gammarus mucronatus
#Master Comment
Cadien, 2007d
Chapman, 2009
Detwileretal., 2002
Fredette and Diaz, 1986
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Garveia franciscana
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
DAISIE
Foster and Feder, 2000a
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Hines et al., 2000b
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee et al., 2007a
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Mills et al., 2007
NEMESIS
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
Olenin et al.
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008b
1831
-------
Silva and Barros, 2011
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Vervoort, 1964
Zenetosetal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Garveia sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Devaney and Eldredge, 1977
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Gelidium vagum
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cho and Boo, 1998
Kozhenkova, 2009
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Miller, 2004b
Miller etal., 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Ruiz et al., 2000
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Gelliodes fibrosa
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
GBIF
Knapp etal., 2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Geminosyllis ohma
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Kudenov and Harris, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
T N & Associates, 2002
Zongguo, 2001
Gemma gemma
Barnhart et al., 1992
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton et al., 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Desmond et al., 2002
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Gosliner, 1995
Grosholz et al., 2000
Jones, 1961
Lee et al., 2003a
Meacham, 2001
Meehanetal., 1989
Morris etal., 1980
Nichols, 1985
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
OBIS
Poulton et al., 2004
Ricketts et al., 1985
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shouse et al., 2004
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Geukensia demissa
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
1832
-------
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Levin et al., 1998
Liu, 2008
Meehan et al., 1989
Morris et al., 1980
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Ricketts et al., 1985
Romero et al., 2003
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Turgeon et al., 1988
Zongguo, 2001
Glabropilumnus seminudus
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1997
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Galil and Takeda, 1988
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Gnorimosphaeroma rayi
Adrianov et al., 2007
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brusca etal., 2001
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Kim and Kwon, 1985
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Rotramel, 1972
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Goeldichironomus holoprasinus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Jacobsen, 2008
Zilli et al., 2009
Gonodactylaceus falcatus
#Master Comment
Ahyong, 2001
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moosa, 2000
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Yeo etal., 2010
Gonothyraea loveni
#Master Comment
ArcOD
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chaplygina, 1980
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2005a
Cranfield et al., 1998a
deRiveraetal., 2007
Foster and Feder, 2000a
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Genzano et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Mead etal., 2011
Mills, 1998
Mills et al., 2007
MIT Sea Grant
Panteleeva, 2002
Ralph, 1957
USGS-NAS
WDFW, 1998
1833
-------
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2009
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Gracilaria salicornia
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Bangmei, 1986
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
GISD
Liao et al., 2004
Mayakun and Prathep, 2005
Nelson et al., 2009
OBIS
Phooprong et al., 2007
Shimura et al., 2007
Smith et al., 2004
Gracilaria tikvahiae
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Gurgel et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Gracilaria vermiculophylla
AlgaeBase
Bellorin et al., 2004
CANOD, 2009
Freshwater et al., 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nyberg, 2007
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
Rueness, 2005
Weinberger et al., 2008
Zenetos et al., 2010
Grandidierella bispinosa
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Imbach, 1967
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lowry, 2007
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Grandidierella japonica
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Castillo, 2000
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Chapman and Dorman, 1975
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Cole, 1988
Coles et al., 1999a
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Crooks and Khim, 1999
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 2002
Desmond et al., 1999
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Golden etal., 1998
Heiman et al., 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal.,2005
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
1834
-------
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Shouse et al., 2004
Siegfried et al., 1980
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Talley et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Waldeck et al., 2003
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
West and Zedler, 2000
West et al., 2002
Williams, 1996
Williams, 1997
Williams et al., 1998c
Williams et al., 1998a
Williams et al., 1998b
Williams et al., 1999
Williams etal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yamada et al., 2007
Zipperer, 1996
Zongguo, 2001
Grateloupia lanceolata
AlgaeBase
Benson and Raikow, 2010
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Miller etal., 2009
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Grateloupia turuturu
AlgaeBase
CANOD, 2009
D Antonio, 1993
DArchino et al., 2007
Gavio and Fredericq, 2002
GBIF
Ivanova et al., 2009
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Mathieson et al., 2008a
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Zenetos etal., 2010
Gyrodactylus anguillae
#Master Comment
Ernst et al., 2000
Hayward etal., 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Torchin and Kuris, 2005
Halichondria bowerbanki
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hewitt, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2007b
Lee et al., 2007a
Lenihan et al., 1990
Light etal., 2005
Maclellan, 2005
Marchini and Marchini, 2006
MarLIN
Meacham, 2001
Pederson et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2011
Wasson et al., 2002
Wasson etal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Halichondria coerulea
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Halichondria melanodocia
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
1835
-------
Shluker, 2003
WORMS
Haliclona caerulea
#Master Comment
Carballo et al., 2008
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Cruz-Barraza and Carballo, 2008
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Knapp etal., 2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Haliotis fulgens
#Master Comment
Ault, 1985
Brown and Sutton, 2002
Chen et al., 2006a
GBIF
Kuris and Culver, 1999
Turgeon et al., 1998
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Haliotis iris
#Master Comment
Chavanich etal., 2010
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Seo and Lee, 2008
Haliotis kamtschatkana
#Master Comment
GBIF
Iwasaki, 2006
Kozloff, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leighton, 2008
Nomura, 1932
Turgeon et al., 1998
Uichida and Yamamoto,1942
Haliotis laevigata
#Master Comment
Chavanich et al., 2010
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Seo and Lee, 2008
Haliotis rufescens
#Master Comment
Airame, 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 1979
Chen et al., 2006a
GBIF
Iwasaki, 2006
Kuris and Culver, 1999
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Turgeon et al., 1998
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Haliotis tuberculata
#Master Comment
GBIF
Huchette and Clavier, 2004
Iwasaki, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Halocynthia roretzi
#Master Comment
Chavanich etal., 2010
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
RhoandLee, 1989
Seo and Lee, 2008
Halophila decipiens
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
eFloras
GBIF
Kuo et al., 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
McDermid et al., 2002
McMahon and Waycott, 2009
OBIS
Santamaria-Gallegos et al., 2006
Sidiketal., 1995
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Halophiloscia couchii
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dias et al., 2005
Evenhuis and Eldredge, 1999
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Poore, 2002
Schultz, 1972
Warburg, 2007
WORMS
Haminoea japonica
1836
-------
CANOD, 2009
CIESM, 2006
DAISIE
Gibson and Chia, 1989
Goddard, 1990
Goddard, 2004
Gosliner and Behrens, 2006
Gosliner and Williams, 2007
Kozloff, 1996
Krug, 2009
McDonald, 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1998
Zenetos et al., 2010
Haplosporidium nelsoni
#Master Comment
Bower, 2007
Burreson and Ford, 2004
Burreson et al., 2000
CANOD, 2009
Friedman, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
NEMESIS
Renault et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Ulrich et al., 2007
Wang et al., 2009b
Harpacticella paradoxa
Cordell, 2007
Cordell et al., 2007a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Haynesina germanica
Abbott et al., 2007
Banner and Culver, 1978
Bouchet et al., 2007
Calvo-Marcilese et al., 2010
Coccioni et al., 2009
Culver and Buzas, 1980
Culver and Buzas, 1981
Culver and Buzas, 1986
Ehrenberg, 1840
Ellison, 1984
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
McGann, 2007
McGann and Sloan, 1999
McGann et al., 2000
OBIS
ToddandLow, 1981
Welch, 2005
Welch and Ruff, 2008
WORMS
Hecamede granifera
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mathis, 1993
Herdmania mauritiana
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman et al., 2011
Das, 1940
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Monniot and Monniot, 2001
Nishikawa, 2002c
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Herdmania momus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 1999a
GBIF
Kott, 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Rocha et al., 2009
Shenkar and Loya, 2008
Shenkar and Loya, 2009
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Van Name, 1945
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Herdmania pallida
#Master Comment
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman et al., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nishikawa, 2002c
Paulay et al., 2002
1837
-------
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha, 2010
Rocha etal., 2010
Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Hesionura australiensis
Crumrine, 2001
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
EPA, 2002c
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson et al., 2007
Heterocapsa circularisquama
#Master Comment
Chavanich et al., 2010
Furota and Nakayama, 2010
Iwataki, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Smayda, 2007
WORMS
Heteromastus filiformis Cmplx
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Castillo, 2000
Castillo et al., 2000b
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crumrine, 2001
Dean, 2004
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
Foster and Feder, 2000a
Furota and Emmett, 1993
Garcia-Garza and De Leon-Gonzalez,
2011
GBIF
Hartman and Fauchald, 1971
Heiman et al., 2008
Hines et al., 2000b
Hoberg and Feder, 2002
Jones, 1961
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
MSIP
MTS, 1992
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shouse et al., 2004
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
WADOE, 2002
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Hiatella arctica
#Master Comment
Aitken and Fournier, 1993
Aitken and Gilbert, 1996
ArcOD
Bernard, 1979
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brunei etal., 1998
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carey et al., 1984
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
1838
-------
Coan et al., 2000
Coles et al., 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1997
Crooks, 1998a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fadeev, 2005
Fairey et al., 2002
Federetal., 2007
GBIF
Hines and Ruiz, 2000a
Hoberg and Feder, 2002
Kashin et al., 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lutaenko et al., 2006
MacGinitie, 1959
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Morris etal., 1980
OBIS
Pro Esteros, 2001
Ricketts et al., 1985
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Sa et al., 2007
SCAMIT, 2008a
Sejretal., 2000
Selin, 2010
Shluker, 2003
Stone and Masuda, 2003
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1998
USGS-NAS
WADOE, 2002
Wasson et al., 2002
WORMS
Hippopodina tahitiensis
#Master Comment
Bock
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
OBIS
Tilbrook etal., 2001
Hobsonia florida
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 2003
Castillo, 2000
Castillo et al., 2000b
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen etal., 1998
EPA, 1999
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota and Emmett, 1993
GBIF
Golden etal., 1998
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Ruff, 2004
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
USAGE, 1981
Waldeck etal.,2003
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zipperer, 1996
Zottoli, 1974
Holmesimysis costata
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Modlin, 2007
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
T N & Associates, 2002
Turpenetal., 1994
Homarus americanus
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
1839
-------
DAISIE
GBIF
Iwasaki, 2006
Kittakaetal., 1983
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Sakurai et al., 1994
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Visser et al., 2004
Watabe, 1993
WDFW, 1998
Homarus gammarus
#Master Comment
Iwasaki, 2006
OBIS
WORMS
Hostis guamensis
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cheng and Mathis, 2003
Evenhuis, 1989
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Hyastenus spinosus
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Griffin, 1974
OBIS
WORMS
Hyboscolex longiseta
Abd-Elnaby, 2009a
Bishop Museum, 2000
Castelli et al., 2008
Day, 1967b
GBIF
Gibbs, 1971
Inglis et al., 2008b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Occhipinti-Ambrogi et al., 2010
Uebelacker and Johnson, 1984
WORMS
Zenetos et al., 2010
Hydroides brachyacanthus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cinar, 2006
Cinar, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
Link et al., 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
ten Hove and Kupriyanova, 2009
Tovar-Hernandez et al., 2009a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Hydroides cruciger
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dean, 2004
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
ten Hove and Kupriyanova, 2009
Tovar-Hernandez et al., 2009a
Hydroides dianthus
Aoki, 2009
Bastida-Zavala and ten Hove, 2002
GBIF
Grave, 1933
Hill, 1967
Kupriyanova et al., 2001
Leone, 1970
Link et al., 2008
Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani and Yamanishi, 2007
Otani and Yamanishi, 2010
Otani et al., 2004
Streftaris et al., 2005
Yan et al., 2006
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zibrowius, 1971
Hydroides diramphus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Blair et al., 2009
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cinar, 2006
Cinar, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 1999a
1840
-------
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Diaz, et al., 2009
Emara and Belal, 2004
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Link et al., 2008
Liu, 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Paxton and Chou, 2000
Rajagopal et al., 1997
Read, 2004
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
WORMS
Yanetal., 2000
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Hydroides elegans
#Master Comment
Arakawa, 1971
Arakawa, 1980
Asaietal., 1997
Asakura, 1992
Bagaveeva, 1981
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 2000
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chen et al., 2006a
Cinar, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Emara and Belal, 2004
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Gaonkar et al., 2010
GBIF
Hirataetal., 1988
Imajima, 1976
Imajima, 1979b
Imajima, 1979a
Imajima, 1984
Imajima, 1986
Imajima and Hayashi, 1969
Iwakietal., 1977
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Kawahara, 1962
Kawahara, 1969
Kawahara et al., 1979
Kazihara, 1964
Kimura et al., 2004
Kupriyanova et al., 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Link et al., 2008
Liu, 2008
Mawatari and Kobayashi, 1954
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MEI, 2008
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
MSIP
Nabeshima, 2007
NIMPIS
Nishi and Kato, 2004
Nishi and Tanaka, 2006
Nishi and Tanaka, 2007
OBIS
Ohgaki, 2007
Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Paxton and Chou, 2000
Qiu and Qian, 1988
Rajagopal et al., 1997
Ramadan et al., 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Tovar-Hernandez et al., 2009a
Tsuchiya, 1979
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USGS-NAS
1841
-------
WORMS
Yamamura, 1972
Yamamura et al., 1969
Yan and Huang, 1990
Yasuhara et al., 1981
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zvyagintsev, 2000
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Hydroides ezoensis
#Master Comment
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Chavanich et al., 2010
GBIF
Hayes et al., 2005
Hewitt, 2002
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Kashin et al., 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Link et al., 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002b
Streftaris et al., 2005
Washitani, 2004
WORMS
Yan etal., 2006
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Hydroides norvegicus
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Clarke et al., 2004
Fauchald et al., 2009
Gaonkaretal.,2010
Hayward, 1997
Hewitt et al., 2004
Kupriyanova and Jirkov, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moen, 2006
MSIP
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ramadan et al., 2006
WORMS
Hyperacanthomysis longirostris
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Fukuoka and Murano, 2000
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Mecum, 2004
Modlin, 2007
Modlin and Orsi, 1997
Ruiz et al., 2000
Suzuki et al., 2009
The Bay Institute, 2004
Thompson et al., 2000
Zongguo, 2001
Hypnea musciformis
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Campbell, 1999
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
GISD
Knight-Jones et al., 1974
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lipkin and Safriel, 1971
Mahmood et al., 2007
Neil et al., 2008
OBIS
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Streftaris et al., 2005
Hypomesus nipponensis
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Canale, 1999
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Dill and Cordone, 1997
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Ivanova et al., 2009
Light etal., 2005
Swanson et al., 2000
lais californica
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
Brusca etal., 2001
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
1842
-------
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 200Ib
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
GBIF
Hurley, 1955b
Light et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Rotramel, 1972
Ruiz et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Ictalurus furcatus
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Ma et al., 2003
Meacham, 2001
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Ictalurus punctatus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ma et al., 2003
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Ilyanassa obsoleta
Berman and Carlton, 1991
Byers, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen etal., 1995
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
GISD
Hewitt, 1993
Jones, 1961
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Meehanetal., 1989
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Ruiz et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Incisocalliope derzhavini
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2010
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
EPA, 2000
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
Golden etal., 1998
Ishimaru, 1984
Lie, 1968
Light etal., 2005
Markmann, 1986
1843
-------
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
WADOE, 2002
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDNR, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
lolaea eucosmia
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
EPA, 2006a
Meadows and Kane, 2006
SCAMIT, 2008a
Turgeon et al., 1998
Ischnura ramburii
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
White etal., 2010
Janua pagenstecheri
#Master Comment
Bailey-Brock, 2003
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton, 2004
Carlton, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Knight-Jones et al., 1974
Kozloff, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MIT Sea Grant
Osman, 1977
Pederson et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
Salazar-Vallejo and Londono-Mesa,
2004
SeaLifeBase
Shluker, 2003
Surugiu, 2005
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
Welch and Ruff, 2008
WORMS
Jassa falcata
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Boyd et al., 2002
Brusca and Hendrickx
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Coles et al., 1999b
Garcia Madrigal, 2007
GBIF
Haertel and Osterberg, 1967
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Levin and Talley, 2002
OBIS
Ramadan et al., 2006
Zedleretal., 1992
Zongguo, 2001
Jassa marmorata
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Clarke et al., 2004
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Conlan, 1990
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Doi etal., 2011
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gonzalez et al., 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
1844
-------
Mead etal., 2011
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Perez-Schultheiss, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Pilgrim and Darling, 2010
Robinson et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Scinto et al., 2007
Thompson et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Jassa slatteryi
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2008
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2009
Conlan, 1990
Doietal.,2011
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Griffiths etal., 2011
Jeong et al., 2007
Jeong et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal., 2011
OBIS
SCAMIT, 2008a
Yu et al., 2002
Kappaphycus alvarezii
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Ask et al., 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chandrasekaran et al., 2008
Chaoyuan et al., 1989
Chavanich et al., 2003
Chavanich et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
Eldredge, 1994
Ferreira et al., 2009
Ganesan et al., 2006
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Msuya et al., 2007
Munoz et al., 2004
Neish, 2003
Ohnoetal., 1994
Rodgers and Cox, 1999
Smith, 1998
Subba Rao et al., 2008
Sulu et al., 2004
Williams and Smith, 2007
Kappaphycus striatus
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Ask et al., 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Eldredge, 1994
GBIF
Gerung and Ohno, 1997
GISD
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Neish, 2003
Silvaetal., 2010
Subba Rao et al., 2008
Tseng, 1993
Williams and Smith, 2007
Khawia iowensis
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal., 2005
Kleidotoma bryani
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Koinostylochus ostreophagus
#Master Comment
Carlton, 1979
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen etal., 1998
Feldman et al., 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Tyler etal.
USGS-NAS
WDFW, 1998
Kuwaita heteropoda
#Master Comment
1845
-------
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carrera-Parra and Orensanz, 2002
Foster and Feder, 2000a
GBIF
Hartman, 1948
Hines and Ruiz, 2000b
Hines et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Moore, 1908
OBIS
Paxton and Chou, 2000
Ruiz et al., 2000
Zongguo, 2001
Lagenophrys cochinensis
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Clamp, 2006
Foissner, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Laguncula pulchella
#Master Comment
Chavanich et al., 2010
Hasegawa and Sato, 2009
Iwasaki, 2006
Okoshi, 2004
WORMS
Laomedea calceolifera
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Chaplygina, 1992
EPA, 2003c
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Mead etal., 2011
Medel and Vervoort, 2000
Migotto et al., 2002
Mills et al., 2007
SCAMIT, 2003a
SCAMIT, 2003b
SCAMIT, 2008a
Vervoort, 1968
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Zvyagintsev et al., 2003
Laomedea flexuosa
Chaplygina, 1992
Chaplygina, 2006
GBIF
Kashin et al., 2003
Kottaa Mollera, 2009
OBIS
Trott, 2004
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2009
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Laonome sp. SF1 Norris (CANOD, 2009)
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lateolabrax sp. (Yokogawa and Seki, 1995)
#Master Comment
Chavanich etal., 2010
Iseki etal., 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
NIES
Shimura et al., 2007
Yokogawa and Seki, 1995
Laternula marilina
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Choy et al., 2008
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Hung and Hsueh, 2008
Ivanova et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Lutaenko, 2006
Miller etal., 1999
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
1846
-------
Zongguo, 2001
Lates calcarifer
#Master Comment
Chen et al., 2006a
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Guiguen et al., 1994
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Seo and Lee, 2008
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Laticorophium baconi
#Master Comment
Barnard, 1979a
Bousfield and Hoover, 1997
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Huang et al., 2008
LeCroy et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
NIMPIS
OBIS
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Valerio-Berardo and Thiago de Souza,
2009
WADOE, 2002
Zongguo etal., 1999
Leucothoe micronesiae
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 2003
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Thomas, 2009
Leucothoe spinicarpa Cmplx
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Chavanichetal., 2010
Crowe, 2006
Doi etal., 2011
Fairey et al., 2002
Garcia Madrigal, 2007
GBIF
Ishimaru, 1985
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lowry, 2000
OBIS
SCAMIT, 2008a
Thomas and Klebba, 2006
WORMS
Ligia exotica
#Master Comment
bioSearch, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2003
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2001
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li, 2003
Mead etal.,2011
NEMESIS
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Power et al., 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Tsaietal., 1997
Zongguo, 2001
Liljeborgia sp. (Cohen et al., 2002)
#Master Comment
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Limia vittata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund, 2002
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Limnodriloides monothecus
1847
-------
Blake et al., 1985
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Christoffersen, 2007
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cook, 1974
Cook et al., 2007b
Erseus, 1982
Erseus, 1994
Erseus, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Nichols and Thompson, 1982
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
WDFW, 1998
Welch, 2005
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Limnoithona sinensis
#Master Comment
Avent et al., 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cordell et al., 2008
Ferrari and Orsi, 1984
GBIF
Liu, 2008
Modlin and Orsi, 1997
Ohtsukaetal.,2004
Orsi and Ohtsuka, 1999
Razouls etal.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
The Bay Institute, 2004
Waldeck et al., 2003
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Limnoithona tetraspina
Avent et al., 2000
Bouley and Kimmener, 2006
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cordell et al., 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Mecum, 2004
Ohtsuka et al., 2004
Razouls et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
The Bay Institute, 2004
Zongguo, 2001
Limnoperna fortunei
#Master Comment
Burns et al., 2006
GBIF
Magara et al., 2001
OBIS
Okamoto, 1995
Ricciardi, 1998
Silva and Barros, 2011
Sylvester et al., 2005
Washitani, 2004
WORMS
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Limnoperna securis
#Master Comment
Asakura, 1992
CIESM, 2006
DAISIE
Furota et al., 2008
Furuse and Furota, 1985
Garci et al., 2007
GBIF
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Japan NEIS
Kajihara, 1996
Kimura, 1994
Kimuraand Sekiguchi, 1996b
Kimura and Sekiguchi, 1996a
Kimura and Tabe, 1997
Kimura et al., 2004
Kimura etal., 1999
Kohama etal.,2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
1848
-------
MEI, 2008
Nabeshima, 2007
Okamoto, 1995
Okamoto, 2007
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Shimura et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Toda and Yamamoto, 1991
Washitani, 2004
Yamanishi et al., 1991
Zenetos et al., 2010
Limnoria quadripunctata
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Boyd et al., 2002
Brusca etal., 2001
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Griffiths et al., 2009
Kensley, 1976
Mead etal., 2011
Robinson et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wolff, 2005
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Limnoria tripunctata
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Beckman and Menzies, 1960
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Brusca etal., 2001
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Coles et al., 1999a
Cookson and Cragg, 1991
Cragg et al., 2009
Cranfield et al., 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Doi etal., 2011
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hayward, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li, 2003
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Menzies, 1957
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Ruiz etal.,2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Limosella australis
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal., 2005
Plants Database, 2010
Western Australian Herbarium
1849
-------
Linopherus microcephala
#Master Comment
Bailey-Brock et al., 2007
GBIF
Hughes and Gamble, 1977
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Louzao etal., 2010
Moncur et al., 1999
Nelson et al., 2002
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
Lioconcha fastigiata
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Lissoclinum fragile
#Master Comment
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Berrill, 1932
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
GBIF
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rocha and Kremer, 2005
Rochaetal., 2010
Rocha et al., 2009
Van Name, 1945
Litopenaeus stylirostris
#Master Comment
Abele and Kim, 1989
Brusca and Hendrickx
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chavanich etal., 2010
Eldredge, 1994
FAO Fact Sheets
Funge-Smith and Briggs, 2003
GBIF
Goyard, 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Paulay et al., 2002
Poupin,2010
Silva and Barros, 2011
USGS-NAS
Wang, 2008
Litopenaeus vannamei
#Master Comment
Briggs et al., 2004
Brusca and Hendrickx
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chavanich etal., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Eldredge, 1994
Funge-Smith and Briggs, 2003
GBIF
GSMFC, 2005b
Jia and Chen, 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liao and Chien, 2011
OBIS
Paulay and Ross, 2003
Paulay et al., 2002
Poupin, 2010
Senanan et al., 2007
Silva and Barros, 2011
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USGS-NAS
Zhang etal., 2010
Littoridinops monroensis
CANOD, 2009
GBIF
Hershler et al., 2007
Malacolog
Littorina littorea
#Master Comment
ArcOD
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
CIESM, 2006
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
1850
-------
Shimura et al., 2007
USGS-NAS
WORMS
Littorina saxatilis
#Master Comment
ArcOD
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
CIESM, 2006
Clarke et al., 2004
Cohen
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Knight etal., 1987
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
Mead etal., 2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Littorophiloscia culebrae
#Master Comment
Araujo and Taiti, 2007
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Jass and Klausmeier, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Schultz, 1974
Taiti and Checcucci, 2009
Taiti and Howarth, 1996
Lobochona prorates
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
Matsudo, 1966
Ruiz et al., 2000
WORMS
Lomentaria hakodatensis
Abbott et al., 2002
AlgaeBase
Aquenal Pty. Ltd., 2002
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Curiel et al., 2006
GBIF
Inglis et al., 2008a
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Miller, 2004b
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Taylor, 1977
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Lucania parva
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Castillo, 2000
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Light etal.,2005
USGS, 2010
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Lutjanus fulvus
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
FAO Fact Sheets
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
WORMS
Lutjanus gibbus
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
FishBase, 2009
1851
-------
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Lutjanus kasmira
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Lyrodus affinis
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1997
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Keen, 1971
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nairand Saraswathy, 1971
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Radhakrishnan and Kasim, 1997
Shluker, 2003
Lyrodus pedicellatus
#Master Comment
Beasley et al., 2005
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brearley et al., 2003
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Carpenter and Niem, 1998
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
McKoy, 1980
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Srinivasan, 1968
Tsunoda and Nishimoto, 1976
Turgeon et al., 1988
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WORMS
Lyrodus takanoshimensis
#Master Comment
Carlton, 1992
Coan et al., 2000
Gillespie et al., 1999
Lee et al., 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Popham, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Tsunoda, 1979
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Macoma petalum
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2008
CANOD, 2009
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Light etal.,2005
Malacolog
Nikula et al., 2007
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Vainola, 2003
Macrobrachium lar
#Master Comment
1852
-------
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Eldredge, 1994
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Keith, 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Marquet et al., 2002
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Poupin, 2010
Macrobrachium rosenbergii
#Master Comment
bioSearch, 2009
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chavanich et al., 2010
Eldredge, 1994
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
FAO Fact Sheets
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mather and de Bruyn., 2005
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Silva and Barros, 2011
Silva-Oliveira et al., 2011
Macrocystis pyrifera
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Boyd et al., 2002
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
DAISIE
Dawson, 1944
Denies et al., 2009
Funahashi, 1973
GBIF
Graham et al., 2007
Hines and Ruiz, 2000b
Hines et al., 2000b
Hymanson et al., 1990
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mumford, 2007
Oliver etal., 1980
Streftaris et al., 2005
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Watanabe and Harrold, 1991
Williams etal., 2001
Wynne, 2009
Maeotias marginata
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
DAISIE
GBIF
Goulletquer et al., 2002
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
Mills and Rees, 2000
Mills and Sommer, 1995
Mills et al., 2007
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
Rees and Gershwin, 2000
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Magelona capensis
#Master Comment
Abd-Elnaby, 2009a
Amoureux, 1973
bioSearch, 2009
Day, 1967b
EAF Nansen Survey, 2010
EPA, 2002c
GBIF
Jayaraj et al., 2008
Langlois et al., 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moncuretal., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Manayunkia aestuarina
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Castillo, 2000
Castillo et al., 2000b
1853
-------
EPA, 1999
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota and Emmett, 1993
GBIF
Golden et al., 1998
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Kocheshkova and Matviy, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
SCAMIT, 2008a
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Tovar-Hernandez and Salazar-Vallejo,
2006
Waldeck et al., 2003
WORMS
Zipperer, 1996
Marenzelleria viridis
#Master Comment
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Bastrop and Blank, 2006
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
DAISIE
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Essink and Kleef, 1988
GBIF
Kerckhofetal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Light et al., 2005
Olenin et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sikorski and Bick, 2004
Streftaris et al., 2005
Thompson et al., 2000
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Marphysa conferta
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
Dean, 2004
Fauchald et al., 2009
GBIF
Hartman, 1961
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
SCAMIT, 2008a
Marsupenaeus japonicus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chen et al., 2006a
DAISIE
FAO Fact Sheets
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li et al., 2008
OBIS
Streftaris et al., 2005
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Zenetos et al., 2010
Martesia striata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brusca and Hendrickx
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 1997
Coles et al., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee and Chao, 2003
Meadetal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Paulay,2011
Shluker, 2003
Webber, 2009
WORMS
Yennawar et al., 1999
Medetera grisescens
#Master Comment
Bickel, 1992
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Megabalanus coccopoma
#Master Comment
Brusca and Hendrickx
Cangussu et al., 2010
Carlton etal., 2011
1854
-------
DAISIE
Doietal.,2011
GBIF
Kerckhof, 2002
Kerckhof and Cattrijsse, 2001
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
MEI, 2008
Newman and McConnaughey, 1987
OBIS
Silva and Barros, 2011
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
USGS-NAS
Yamaguchi et al., 2009
Young, 2000
Megabalanus tintinnabulum
#Master Comment
Cangussu et al., 2010
Carlton etal., 2011
Clarke et al., 2004
DAISIE
Doietal.,2011
Farrapeira et al., 2009
Gaonkaretal.,2010
GBIF
Hayes et al., 2005
Henry and McLaughlin, 1986
Jones, 2004
Kerckhof and Cattrijsse, 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
NIMPIS
OBIS
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002a
Rajagopal et al., 1997
Russell and Hewitt, 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
WORMS
Yan etal., 2006
Yan etal., 2009
Yan etal., 2000
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zvyagintsev, 2000
Zvyagintsev, 2005
Zvyagintsev and Ivin, 1992
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Megabalanus zebra
#Master Comment
Clarke et al., 2004
Henry and McLaughlin, 1986
Jones et al., 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Newman and Ross, 1976
Pilsbry, 1916
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002a
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002b
Yan et al., 2009
Melanoides tuberculata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
de Kock and Wolmarnas, 2009
Duggan, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
OBIS
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Peterson and Vayssieres, 2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2011
Shluker, 2003
Silva and Barros, 2011
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
USGS-NAS
Melita nitida
#Master Comment
Aikins and Kikuchi, 2002
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
Cadien, 2007e
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Chapman, 2007
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
1855
-------
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cohen etal., 1998
DAISIE
Doietal.,2011
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Faasse and van Moorsel, 2003
Fairey et al, 2002
GBIF
Heiman et al., 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Melita rylovae
#Master Comment
Cadien, 2007e
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
SCAMIT, 2011
Zongguo, 2001
Membranipora chesapeakensis
Banta et al., 1995
Davidson et al., 2008b
Foss, 2011
McCann et al., 2007
Membraniporopsis tubigerum
#Master Comment
Gappaetal., 2010
Gordon et al., 2006
Kubanin, 1977
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Russell and Hewitt, 2000
Menidia beryllina
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Fairey et al., 2002
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Love et al., 2005
Marshall, 2004
USGS-NAS
Mercenaria mercenaria
#Master Comment
Arnold, et al., 2009
Baker et al., 2004
Barnhart et al., 1992
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chen et al., 2006a
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
Enoetal., 1997
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Feldman et al., 2000
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Hand and Uhlinger, 1994
Hiwatari and Kohata, 2005
Hiwatari et al., 2004
Hiwatari et al., 2006
Ishikawa and Okutani, 2003
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kimura et al., 2004
Kurozumi and Okamoto, 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Levin etal., 1998
1856
-------
Liu, 2008
MEI, 2008
Morris et al., 1980
Murphy and Kremer, 1985
Nabeshima, 2007
Nishimura, 2005
Otani, 2006
Ricketts et al., 1985
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USGS-NAS
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Meretrix petechialis
#Master Comment
GBIF
Iwasaki, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
NIES
Sato and Koh, 2004
Shimura et al., 2007
Mesanthura sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 1999a
Mesovelia amoena
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moreira
Moreiraetal., 2008
Mesovelia mulsanti
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moreira
Moreiraetal., 2008
Metacarcinus magister
#Master Comment
Abe, 1981
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bulthuis, 1995
Carlton et al., 1990
Castillo, 2000
Chamberlain and Barnhart, 1993
Chew, 1998a
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen etal, 1995
Daly and Damkaer, 1986
De Ben etal., 1990
Emmettetal., 1991
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Feist and Simenstad, 2000
Feldman et al., 2000
Fernandez et al., 1994
Furota and Emmett, 1993
GBIF
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Gillespie et al., 1999
Golden etal., 1998
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Grosholz et al., 2000
Gunderson et al., 1990
Haertel and Osterberg, 1967
Hewitt, 1993
Hieb et al., 2004
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Houcketal., 1997
Hunt and Behrens Yamada, 2003
Jamieson et al., 1998
Jensen et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Macdonald et al., 2010a
Miller, 1996
MTS, 1992
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
NOAA-Sea Grant (Northeast)
NWC, 2001
O'Connor, 2000
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Sakai, 2008
Shelford, 1935
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thorn, 1984
Thompson et al., 2000
Visser et al., 2004
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wicksten, 2008
Zipperer, 1996
Metadromia wilsoni
1857
-------
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Clarke et al, 2004
Cranfield et al., 1998b
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
McLay, 2001
McLay, 2009
Poupin, 2010
Sakai, 2008
WORMS
Metopella sp. (Cohen et al., 2002)
#Master Comment
Cohen et al., 2002
Fairey et al., 2002
Metopograpsus oceanicus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dahdouh-Guebas et al., 1999
GBIF
OBIS
Paulay, 2007
Paulay et al., 2002
Micracanthia humilis
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Microcosmus exasperatus
#Master Comment
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Berrill, 1932
Bishop Museum, 2000
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
GBIF
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Paulay et al., 2002
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha and Faria, 2005
Rocha and Kremer, 2005
Rocha etal., 2010
Rocha et al., 2009
Shenkar and Loya, 2009
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turona et al., 2006
Van Name, 1945
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Microcosmus squamiger
Abbott et al., 2007
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
City of San Diego, 2003
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hauptetal., 2010
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mastrototaro and Dappiano, 2005
Mead etal.,2011
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rius et al., 2008
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turona etal., 2006
Zenetos etal., 2010
Microdeutopus gryllotalpa
Bousfield, 1973
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2007
GBIF
Maclellan, 2005
NEMESIS
Pederson et al., 2005
Teacaetal., 2006
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Microjassa sp. (deRivera et al., 2007)
#Master Comment
1858
-------
deRiveraetal., 2007
Microspio granulata
Bishop Museum, 2000
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moncur et al., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
WORMS
Microspongium globosum
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
GBIF
Hansen, 2000
Hines et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lindstrom, 1977
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
Taskin et al., 2006
Mirofolliculina limnoriae
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Coles et al., 2003
Delgery et al., 2006
Mead etal., 2011
NEAT, 1997
Ruiz et al., 2000
Moerisia sp. (Rees and Gershwin, 2000)
#Master Comment
Light et al., 2005
Mills and Rees, 2000
Mills et al., 2007
Rees and Gershwin, 2000
Ruiz et al., 2000
Molgula ficus
Abbott et al., 2007
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
CANOD, 2009
GBIF
Herdman, 1899
Kott, 2005a
Lambert, 2007b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002a
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rocha et al., 2009
Molgula manhattensis
Abbott et al., 2007
Arakawa, 1980
ArcOD
Asakura, 1992
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carman et al., 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
deRiveraetal., 2007
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Hewitt, 1993
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kajihara, 1996
Kimura et al., 2004
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
1859
-------
MEI, 2008
Mills, 200la
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
MSIP
Nabeshima, 2007
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Pederson et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
SeaLifeBase
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Soule et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Thompson et al., 2000
Tokioka and Kado, 1972
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USGS-NAS
Van Name, 1945
Washitani, 2004
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDNR, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Zvyagintsev et al., 2003
Monanchora sp. (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Monocorophium acherusicum
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Barnhart et al., 1992
Barry etal., 1996
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Bousfield and Hoover, 1997
Boyd et al., 2002
Busby, 1991
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Castillo, 2000
Castillo et al., 2000a
Chapman, 2007
Chapman and Brinkhurst, 1981
Chapman et al., 1987
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Cole, 1988
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Cordell and Morrison, 1996
Cranfield et al., 1998b
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Crooks and Khim, 1999
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 2002
Desmond et al., 1999
Dexter, 1983
Doi etal., 2011
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Feldman et al., 2000
GBIF
Golden etal., 1998
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Grosholz et al., 2000
Gunderson et al., 1990
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Houcketal., 1997
Ivanova et al., 2009
Jones, 1961
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Levin and Talley, 2002
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
1860
-------
Lowry, 2000
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
MTS, 1992
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
Nichols, 1973
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Nichols et al., 1990
NIMPIS, 2002q
OBIS
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Perez-Schultheiss, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Poore, 1996
Posey, 1988
Robinson et al., 2005
Ruiz etal., 2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Siegfried et al., 1980
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Talley and Levin, 1999
Talley et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
USAGE, 1981
WADOE, 2002
Wakabaraand Serejo, 1998
Waldeck et al., 2003
Ward et al., 2000
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
West and Zedler, 2000
West et al., 2002
Williams et al., 1998c
Williams et al., 1998a
Williams et al., 1999
Winfield et al., 2006
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Yamauchi et al., 2006
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zipperer, 1996
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Monocorophium insidiosum
#Master Comment
Alonso de Pina, 1997
Blair et al., 2009
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Castillo et al., 2000a
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Coles et al., 1999a
de Pina, 1997
Delgado et al., 2009
Doi etal., 2011
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Herman et al., 2008
Hewitt et al., 2004
Hirayama, 1990
Karacuha et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
1861
-------
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
Munari, 2008
NIMPIS, 2002x
OBIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Prato and Biandolino, 2006
Ruiz etal., 2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Stone and Masuda, 2003
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
WADOE, 2002
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Winfield et al., 2006
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yamauchi et al., 2006
Zipperer, 1996
Zongguo, 2001
Monocorophium uenoi
Aikins and Kikuchi, 2002
Boyd et al., 2002
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton et al., 2003
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Lowry, 2000
Moore, 1986
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
T N & Associates, 2002
Wasson et al., 2002
Wasson etal., 2001
Zongguo, 2001
Monopylephorus evertus
#Master Comment
California Department of Water
Resources, 1995
GBIF
Neira et al., 2007
Rodriguez, 1999
Thompson et al., 2000
Morone saxatilis
Aladin et al., 2006b
Allen, 1982
Armor and Herrgesell, 1985
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bryant and Souza, 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Castillo et al., 2000a
Cechetal., 1984
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cohen etal., 1995
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Emmettetal., 1991
EPA, 2000
Fairey et al., 2002
FishBase, 2009
Gartz, 2004
GBIF
Jassbyetal, 1993
Jassbyetal, 1995
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ma et al., 2003
Meacham, 2001
NWC, 2001
Seo and Lee, 2008
SFRWQCB, 1995
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Toft et al., 2002
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Vigliano and Darrigran, 2002
1862
-------
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yoklavich et al., 1991
Yoklavich et al., 2002
Mosillus tibialis
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cheng, 1976
Englund et al., 2000a
Mathis et al., 1993
Mugilogobius cavifrons
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000b
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Greenfield and Randall, 2004
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Munna sp. A (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2005a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Musculista senhousia
#Master Comment
Al-Yamani et al., 2009
Bernard et al., 1993
BSERP, 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton et al., 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
City of San Diego, 2003
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Cole, 1988
Crooks, 1996
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Crooks, 2001
Crooks and Khim, 1999
Davis et al., 2002
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 2002
Desmond et al., 1999
Dexter, 1983
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Ganmanee et al., 2004
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Hayward, 1997
Ivanova et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Levin and Talley, 2002
Levin etal., 1998
Light etal.,2005
Liu, 2008
Magni et al., 2006
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Merkel and Associates, Inc., 2001
Mills, 200la
Nestler and Stebbins, 2003
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
NIMPIS, 2002a
NIMPIS
Nordby and Zedler, 1991
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Reusch, 1998
Ricketts et al., 1985
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shimura et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
Talley and Levin, 1999
Talley et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
WADOE, 2002
1863
-------
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
West et al., 2002
Williams, 1996
Williams, 1997
Williams and Gibson, 1995
Williams et al., 1998c
Williams et al., 1999
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zedleretal., 1992
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Mya arenaria
#Master Comment
Alexandrov et al., 2007
Allison, 1997
Alpine and Cloern, 1992
ArcOD
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
BSERP, 2007
Byers, 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carl and Guiguet, 1981
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Castillo, 2000
Castillo et al., 2000b
Cloern etal., 1985
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Emmettetal., 1991
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Feldman et al., 2000
Filice, 1958
Furota and Emmett, 1993
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Golden etal., 1998
Hines et al., 2000b
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Houcketal., 1997
Ivanova et al., 2009
Jamieson etal., 1998
Jones, 1961
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Kimmerer et al., 1994
Kotaka, 1962
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leppakoski and Olenin, 2000
Lie, 1968
Lie, 1974
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Meehanetal., 1989
Miller etal., 1999
Mills, 200la
Morris etal., 1980
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Nichols et al., 1990
OBIS
Olenin et al.
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ponurovskii and Kokotukhina, 2000
Poulton et al., 2004
Quayle and Bourne, 1972
Quayle, 1960
1864
-------
Ricketts et al., 1985
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Scherba and Gallucci, 1976
Shelford, 1935
Shluker, 2003
Shouse et al., 2004
Strasser, 1999
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Visser et al., 2004
WADOE, 2002
Waldeck et al., 2003
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Mycale cecilia
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Cruz-Barraza and Carballo, 2008
de Laubenfels, 1957
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Soest et al.
Wehrtmann and Cortes, 2009
Mycale grandis
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
GBIF
GISD
Goodwin, 2008
Lim et al., 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Mycale parishi
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
GBIF
Lim et al., 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Morgado and Tanaka, 2001
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Soest et al.
WORMS
Myosotella myosotis
AMBS, 2002
Barnhart et al., 1992
Berman and Carlton, 1991
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Cranfield et al., 1998b
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fields and Artigas, 2006
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
Hayward, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
NEMESIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
Wasson et al., 2002
1865
-------
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Myrianida pachycera
Boggemann et al., 2003
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
SCAMIT, 2008a
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Mytilicola orientalis
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Chew et al., 1964
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Gillespie, 2007
Kim,2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Rilov and Crooks, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Steele and Mulcahy, 2001
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Walter and Boxshall
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Mytilopsis leucophaeata
#Master Comment
DAISIE
GBIF
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mills etal., 1996
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Olenin et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shimura et al., 2007
Silva and Barros, 2011
Streftaris et al., 2005
Therriault et al., 2004
Turgeon et al., 2009
Verween et al., 2007
Mytilopsis sallei
#Master Comment
Asakura, 1992
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Baker et al., 2004
Chavanichetal., 2010
Furota et al., 2008
Furuse and Hasegawa, 1984
Gaonkar et al., 2010
GBIF
GISD
Habe, 1980
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kajihara, 1996
Kimura and Horii, 2004
Kimura et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
MEI, 2008
Nabeshima, 2007
NIMPIS, 2002u
NIMPIS
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Rao, 2005
Shimura et al., 2007
Subba Rao, 2005
Wangkulangkul and Lheknim, 2008
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Mytilus galloprovincialis
#Master Comment
Arakawa, 1980
1866
-------
Asaietal., 1997
Asakura, 1992
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1981
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1986
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1993
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 1996
Ass. Res. Lit. Org. Osaka Bay, 2007
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Bishop Museum, 2000
Braby and Somero, 2006
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Chavanich et al., 2010
Clarke et al., 2004
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Crooks, 2001
Dawson, 2001
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 2002
Desmond et al., 1999
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota et al., 2008
Furuse and Furota, 1985
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
GISD
Higoetal., 1999
Hirataetal., 1988
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Ishidaetal., 2005
Ishii and Watanabe, 2002
Iwakietal., 1977
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Iwasaki et al., 2004a
Kajihara, 1977
Kajihara, 1996
Kajihara et al., 1976
Kawahara et al., 1979
Kazihara, 1964
Kimuraand Sekiguchi, 1996b
Kimura et al., 2004
Kohama etal.,2001
Kubota, 2007
Kuris and Culver, 1999
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Liu, 2008
Lutaenko et al., 2006
Matsuoka et al., 1999
Mawatari, 1967
Mawatari and Kobayashi, 1954
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Meehanetal., 1989
MEI, 2008
Mills, 200la
Miyazaki, 1938
Muranaka et al., 2005
Nabeshima, 2007
Nunomura and Nambu, 1981
Ohgaki, 2007
Okamoto, 1995
Omori et al., 2000
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Page, 1997
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Suchanek et al., 1997
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Tachikawa, 1996
Takahashi and Okamoto, 1969
Taki, 1937
Teacaetal., 2006
1867
-------
Thompson et al., 2000
Tsuchiya, 1979
Turgeon et al., 1988
Uchihashi, 1939
USGS-NAS
Washitani, 2004
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
West et al., 2002
Wonham, 2004
Yajima, 1981
Yamamura, 1972
Yamamura et al., 1969
Yasuda and Hibino, 1986
Yasuhara et al., 1981
Yoo and Kajihara, 1983
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Myzobdella lugubris
#Master Comment
Becker and Dauble, 1979
Bishop Museum, 2000
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Englund et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Nannastacus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Nanosesarma minutum
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Li etal., 2010
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Sakai, 2008
Saravanakumar et al., 2007
WORMS
Yan etal., 2006
Nassarius fraterculus
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen, 2004b
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
Ivanova et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
Meacham, 2001
Noseworthy and Kwang-Sik, 2010
O'Connor, 2000
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Turgeon et al., 1988
USGS-NAS
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Nassarius sinarus
#Master Comment
Fukuda, 2004
Hiroshi, 2004
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Koike et al., 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leung and Morton, 2000
MEI, 2008
Mori et al., 2002
Nabeshima, 2007
Nishihama and Yurimoto, 2006
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Otani, 2006
Tamaki et al., 2002
Neanthes arenaceodentata
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Nebalia sp. (Cohen and Carlton, 1995)
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Ruiz et al., 2000
Nemacystus decipiens
#Master Comment
Abbott and Huisman, 2004
AlgaeBase
1868
-------
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Takoetal., 1999
Western Australian Herbarium
Nematostella vectensis
Barnhart et al., 1992
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Hand and Uhlinger, 1992
Hand and Uhlinger, 1994
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 1998
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Reitzel et al., 2008
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Silvaetal., 2010b
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
USGS-NAS
Neoamphitrite sp. A (Cohen et al., 2005)
CANOD, 2009
Cohen et al., 2005a
EPA, 2008
Neobenedenia melleni
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bullard et al., 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chavanich etal., 2010
Deveney et al., 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Ogawaetal., 1995
Torchin and Kuris, 2005
Whittington, 2004
Neodexiospira brasiliensis
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Day and Hutchings, 1979
EPA, 2003a
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Hamamoto and Mukai, 1999
Knight-Jones and Knight-Jones, 1975
Kupriyanova et al., 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal.,2011
Nelson, 1979
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
Rzhavsky, 1994
SCAMIT, 2008a
SCAMIT, 2011
Streftaris et al., 2005
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
Williams, 2007c
Zibrowius and Thorp, 1989
Neoheterobothrium hirame
#Master Comment
Chavanich etal., 2010
Furota and Nakayama, 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Shirakash et al., 2006
Neomysis japonica
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Modlin, 2007
Suzuki et al., 2009
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Neosiphonia harveyi
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
CANOD, 2009
GBIF
Hughey et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leonardi et al., 2006
Maclellan, 2005
Mathieson et al., 2008a
Mclvor etal., 2001
Mineura et al., 2007
OBIS
Olenin et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
1869
-------
Neotachidius triangularis
Chertoprud et al., 2009
Cordell, 2006
Cordell, 2007
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Huys et al., 2005
Ohtsukaetal.,2004
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Waldeck et al., 2003
Neotrapezium liratum
Carl and Guiguet, 1981
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen etal., 200la
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Ivanova et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Malacolog
Meacham, 2001
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yakovlev, 2002
Zongguo, 2001
Niambia capensis
Brusca etal., 2001
Brusca et al., 2007
CANOD, 2009
Ellis and Lincoln, 1975
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Jass and Klausmeier, 2000
OBIS
Schotte et al. 2006
Nicolea sp. A (Cohen et al., 2002)
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Foss, 2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
SCAMIT, 2008a
Nicolea zostericola
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Blake and Ruff, 2007
CANOD, 2009
Eckelbarger, 1974
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Rzhavsky, 2000
WADOE, 2002
Nippoleucon hinumensis
Akiyama and Yamamoto, 2004b
Akiyama and Yamamoto, 2004a
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Castillo, 2000
Castillo et al., 2000b
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Ferraro and Cole, 2007
GBIF
Gehrts et al., 2004b
Golden etal., 1998
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Light etal., 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
MTS, 1992
Ruiz et al., 2000
1870
-------
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
WADOE, 2002
Waldeck et al., 2003
WDFW, 1998
WDNR, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zipperer, 1996
Nolella stipata
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Creary and Webber, 2009
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Farrapeira et al., 2009
GBIF
Hayward, 1985
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
Osburn, 1953
Ramalho and Muricy, 2004
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
T N & Associates, 2002
Winston and Mature, 2009
Nuttallia obscurata
#Master Comment
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Byers, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Castillo, 2000
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen etal., 1998
deRiveraetal., 2007
Dinnel and Yates, 2000
Elston, 1997
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie and Bourne, 2005b
Gillespie et al., 2004
Gillespie et al., 1999
Gillespie etal., 2001
Huber, 2010
Jamieson et al., 1998
Kolpakov and Kolpakov, 2005
Lamberson, 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Mills, 2004
OBIS
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Obelia bidentata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Calder, 1993
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2007
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Coles et al., 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Kelmo and Attrill, 2003
Liu, 2008
Maclellan, 2005
Mead etal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 1998
Mills et al., 2007
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
USGS-NAS
WADOE, 2002
Zongguo, 2001
Obelia dichotoma Cmplx
#Master Comment
Aliani and Molcard, 2003
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
1871
-------
Brinckmann-Voss, 1996
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Coles et al., 2002a
Cranfield et al., 1998a
deRiveraetal., 2007
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Fraser, 1937
Galeaetal., 2007
Gaonkaretal.,2010
GBIF
Kelmo and Attrill, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Lu et al., 2007
Maclellan, 2005
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 1998
Mills, 200la
Morri et al., 2009
Nandakumar, 1996
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
NIMPIS
Paulay et al., 2002
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Pierrietal.,2010
Shluker, 2003
WADOE, 2002
WORMS
Wyatt et al., 2005
Yan etal., 2009
Zongguo, 2001
Ocenebra inornata
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen etal., 1998
Eernisse et al., 2007
Faasse and Ligthart, 2009
Feldman et al., 2000
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Martel et al., 2004a
Martel et al., 2004b
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1998
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Odetta bisuturalis
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
GBIF
GISD
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meehanetal., 1989
Ruiz et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
Odontesthes bonariensis
#Master Comment
Dill and Cordone, 1997
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Oithona davisae
Avent et al., 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1987
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cordell, 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
Ferrari and Orsi, 1984
1872
-------
GBIF
Hirakawa, 1989
Light et al., 2005
Modlin and Orsi, 1997
OBIS
Ohtsukaetal.,2004
Ohtsukaetal.,2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Razouls et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
The Bay Institute, 2004
Okenia eolida
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
Burn, 2006
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cranfield et al., 1998b
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gosliner, 1995
Gosliner, 2004
Hayward, 1997
Hewitt et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
McDonald, 2007
Rudman, 2004a
Rudman, 2004b
Ruiz et al., 2000
Russell and Hewitt, 2000
Sachidhanandam et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Zongguo, 2001
Okenia pellucida
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cranfield et al., 1998b
Cranfield et al., 1998a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Paulay,2011
Rudman, 2004c
Shluker, 2003
Olibrinus truncatus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Li, 2003
Omobranchus ferox
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Omobranchus rotundiceps
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Shluker, 2003
Oncorhynchus kisutch
#Master Comment
Armor and Herrgesell, 1985
Barnhart et al., 1992
Busby, 1991
Busby etal., 1988
Castillo, 2000
Chamberlain and Barnhart, 1993
Cornwell etal., 2001
De Ben etal., 1990
Ellis, 1999
Ellis, 2002
Elston, 1997
Emmettetal., 1991
FAO FishFinder
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Iwasaki, 2006
Japan NEIS
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Love et al., 2005
Mecklenburg et al., 2002
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Monaco et al., 1992
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
NIES
NWC, 2001
Olenin et al.
Richardson et al., 2000
1873
-------
Seo and Lee, 2008
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Taniguchi et al., 2000
Oncorhynchus mykiss
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Busby, 1991
Busby etal, 1988
Carlton, 1979
Chen et al., 2006a
Cornwell etal., 2001
Dawson, 2001
Ellis, 1999
Ellis, 2002
Emmettetal., 1991
Feldman etal., 2000
Fierstine et al., 1973
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Iwasaki, 2006
Kidoetal., 1999
Kitanishi et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
#Master Classification
Love et al., 2005
Marshall, 2004
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mecklenburg et al., 2002
MEI, 2008
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Monaco etal., 1992
NWC, 2001
Olenin et al.
Richardson et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USAGE, 1981
USGS-NAS
Yoklavich et al., 2002
Ophiactis savignyi
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Coles et al., 2003
DAISIE
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal.,2011
Paulay, 2011
Paulay et al., 2002
Ramesh et al., 2008
Roy and Sponer, 2002
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Ophryotrocha adherens
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
EPA, 2002c
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson et al., 2007
Ophryotrocha labronica pacifica
#Master Comment
Akesson and Paxton, 2005
CANOD, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Paxton and Akesson, 2010
Orasiopa mera
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cheng and Mathis, 2003
Evenhuis, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mathis, 1997
Nishida, 2008
Oreochromis aureus
#Master Comment
Chavanichetal., 2010
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
USGS-NAS
Oreochromis mossambicus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chavanich etal., 2010
Cheung and Wong, 2006
1874
-------
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Hurlbut, 1992
Ishikawa and Tachihara, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Paulay et al., 2002
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
USGS, 2010
Valle et. al., 1999
Oreochromis niloticus
#Master Comment
Chavanich etal., 2010
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Ishikawa and Tachihara, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Streftaris et al., 2005
Orientomysis aspera
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chen et al., 2006b
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Liu, 2008
Modlin and Orsi, 1997
Petryashev, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Suzuki et al., 2009
Thompson et al., 2000
Zongguo, 2001
Orientomysis hwanhaiensis
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Light et al., 2005
Liu, 2008
Modlin, 2007
Modlin and Orsi, 1997
Modlin and Orsi, 2000
Petryashev, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Orthione griffenis
#Master Comment
Chapman et al., 2006
Dumbauldetal., 2011
GBIF
Griffen, 2009
Liu, 2008
Oregon State University, 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Smith et al., 2008
USGS-NAS
Williams and An, 2009
Ostrea edulis
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Davis and Calabrese, 1969
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Gillespie et al., 2007
GISD
Hauptetal., 2010
Iwasaki, 2006
Mead etal., 2011
Morton et al., 2003
Petersen, 2004
Ruesink et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Salem Sound Coastwatch, 2008
Turgeon et al., 1988
Wassonetal., 2001
Ostrea lurida
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
1875
-------
Coan et al., 2000
Fasten, 1931
Feldmanetal., 2000
Filice, 1958
Hewitt, 1993
Imaietal., 1954
Iwasaki, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Morris et al., 1980
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Pro Esteros, 2001
Ricketts et al., 1985
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Zedleretal., 1992
Pachygrapsus fakaravensis
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Poupin, 2008
Poupin, 2010
Sakai, 2008
Shluker, 2003
WORMS
Pachypygus gibber
#Master Comment
Doietal.,2011
Dudley and Illg, 1991
GBIF
Hipeau-Jacquotte and Coste, 1989
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Palaemon macrodactylus
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 1999
EPA, 2000
GBIF
Hieb et al., 2004
Kerckhofetal., 2007
Kuris et al., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
Markmann, 1986
Merkel and Associates, Inc., 2001
Micu and Nita, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2011
Siegfried et al., 1980
Spivak et al., 2006
Thompson et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
Wasson et al., 2002
Wasson etal., 2001
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
West et al., 2002
Wicksten, 1997
Wicksten, 2008
Williams, 1996
Williams, 1997
Williams and Gibson, 1995
Williams et al., 1998c
Williams et al., 1998b
Williams et al., 1999
Williams etal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Panopea generosa
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Carlton, 1979
Chen et al., 2006a
Coan et al., 2000
Crooks, 1998a
Dudas and Dower, 2006
Emmettetal., 1991
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Huber, 2010
1876
-------
Jamieson et al., 1998
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lutaenko, 2006
Morris et al., 1980
OBIS
Oliver et al., 1980
Ricketts et al., 1985
SCAMIT, 2008a
Turgeon et al., 1998
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Vadopalasetal., 2010
WADOE, 2002
Wasson et al., 2002
Weston, 1990
Weymouth, 1921
Panopeus lacustris
Abele and Kim, 1989
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Englund, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Williams, 1983
WORMS
Parablennius thysanius
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Paracaprella pusilla
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Diaz et al., 2005
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Guerra-Garcia et al., 2009
Guerra-Garcia et al., 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Montelli and Lewis, 2008
Shluker, 2003
Paracerceis sculpta
Ariyama and Otani, 2004
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brusca etal., 2001
Brusca etal., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2002
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hewitt and Campbell, 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MEI, 2008
NIMPIS, 2002d
Nunomura, 1988
OBIS
Occhipinti-Ambrogi, 2000
Rodriguez et al., 1992
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Paracorophium sp. (Chapman, 2007)
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Fenwick, 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
SCAMIT, 2008b
T N & Associates, 2002
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Paradella dianae
Brusca etal., 2001
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
1877
-------
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li, 2003
NIMPIS, 2002h
NIMPIS
Pires, 1980
Ramadan et al., 2006
Rodriguez et al., 1992
SCAMIT, 2008a
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Paradexamine sp. (Chapman, 2007)
#Master Comment
Cadien, 2007c
Cadien, 2007h
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Thompson et al., 2000
Paraleucothoe sp. (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Paralichthys dentatus
#Master Comment
Chen et al., 2006a
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Paralichthys lethostigma
#Master Comment
Chen et al., 2008
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
USGS-NAS
Paralimnoria andrewsi
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Doi etal., 2011
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Menzies, 1957
OBIS
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Shluker, 2003
WORMS
Parambassis ranga
#Master Comment
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Ishikawa and Tachihara, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Paranais frici
#Master Comment
Bij de Vaate et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Chapman and Brinkhurst, 1981
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Lee et al., 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal.,2005
Markmann, 1986
Martinez-Ansemil and Giani, 1987
Meacham, 2001
NEMESIS
Olenin et al.
1878
-------
Paavola et al, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Slynko et al., 2002
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Thompson et al., 2000
Wang and Cui, 2007
WDFW, 1998
Yildiz et al., 2007
Zongguo, 2001
Paranthura japonica
Brusca et al., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
EPA, 2006a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li, 2003
Liu, 2008
Nakaoka et al., 2001
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Zongguo, 2001
Parapseudes pedispinis
Bishop Museum, 2000
Burch and Burch, 1997
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Parathroscinus murphyi
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund, 2002
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Paratissa pollinosa
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Patinopecten yessoensis
#Master Comment
Barret etal., 1996
Carlton, 1992
Chavanichetal., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Coan et al., 2000
FAO Fact Sheets
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
Jia and Chen, 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Lovatelli, 1990
Lutaenko et al., 2006
Minchin, 2003
NOAA/MAF, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Seo and Lee, 2008
Streftaris et al., 2005
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Pecten maximus
#Master Comment
Chavanich etal., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Seo and Lee, 2008
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Pennaria disticha
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bouillon et al., 2004
Calder et al., 2003
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Hirohito, 1988
Kelmo and Vargas, 2002
Kirkendale and Calder, 2003
Knapp etal., 2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
1879
-------
Mead etal., 2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills et al., 2007
Morri et al., 2009
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Perca flavescens
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
FishBase, 2009
Meacham, 2001
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Waldeck et al., 2003
Peridiniopsis penardiforme
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Chavanich et al., 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2002
Perinereis aibuhitensis
#Master Comment
bioSearch, 2009
Chen et al., 2006a
Choi and Lee, 1997
GBIF
Hutchings et al., 1991
Iwasaki, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee etal., 1992
Lutaenko, 2010
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
OBIS
Paxton and Chou, 2000
Quan etal., 2009
Zvyagintsev, 2007
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Peristichia pedroana
#Master Comment
Brusca and Hendrickx
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Oldroyd, 1927
Shluker, 2003
Turgeon et al., 1998
Perkinsus marinus
#Master Comment
Bower, 2010
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Kim and Powell, 2007
LeCroy et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Perkinsyllis spinisetosa
#Master Comment
EPA, 2002c
Fauchald et al., 2009
Fukunaga, 2008
GBIF
Moncuretal., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
San Martin et al., 2009
Perna viridis
Arakawa, 1980
Asakura, 1992
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Baker et al., 2007
Chavanich etal., 2010
Furota et al., 2008
Hanyu and Sekiguchi, 2000
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Ishikawa and Okutani, 2003
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kajihara, 1996
Kimura et al., 2004
Kubota, 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Lovatelli, 1990
Mead etal., 2011
MEI, 2008
Nabeshima, 2007
NIMPIS
Ohgaki, 2007
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Rao, 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shimura et al., 2007
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Subba Rao, 2005
Washitani, 2004
1880
-------
Wells et al., 2009
Yokogawa and Nabeshima, 1998
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Perophora japonica
Abbott et al., 2007
CANOD, 2009
DAISIE
GBIF
Gittenberger, 2007
Lambert, 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Nishikawa et al., 2000
Rocha et al., 2009
Sanamyan, 1998b
Streftaris et al., 2005
Petricola lithophaga
#Master Comment
Chavanich et al., 2010
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007a
Horikoshi and Okamoto, 2007b
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kimura et al., 2004
Kurozumi and Okamoto, 2002
Lee et al., 2008
Nabeshima, 2007
OBIS
Okamoto, 2007
Otani, 2006
Otani et al., 2004
Petricolaria pholadiformis
Abbott, 1974
Brunei etal., 1998
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen etal.,200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
DAISIE
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie et al., 1999
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee et al., 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
#Master Classification
Leppakoski and Olenin, 2000
Malacolog
Meacham, 2001
Meehan et al., 1989
Morris et al., 1980
OBIS
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WWF, 2004
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zenetos et al., 2009
Phacosoma gibba
#Master Comment
Bernard et al., 1993
Iwasaki, 2006
Otani, 2006
Pilsbry, 1895
Phallusia nigra
#Master Comment
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Berrill, 1932
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Marins etal., 2010
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nobrega et al., 2004
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Rao, 2005
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha etal., 2010
Rocha etal., 1999
1881
-------
Shenkar and Loya, 2008
Shenkar and Loya, 2009
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Subba Rao, 2005
Van Name, 1945
Zenetosetal., 2010
Philine auriformis
#Master Comment
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Behrens, 2004
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
Cadien and Ranasinghe, 2001
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Chow, 1999
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gosliner, 1995
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Merkel and Associates, Inc., 2001
Price etal, 2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Philine orientalis
Behrens, 2004
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
Cadien and Ranasinghe, 2001
CANOD, 2009
Chow, 1999
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Jensen, 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
#Master Classification
Liu, 2008
OBIS
Price etal., 2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
Zongguo, 2001
Phoronis hippocrepia
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
DAISIE
Emig
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Temereva and Malakhov, 2009
WORMS
Phyllodesmium poindimiei
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Phyllorhiza punctata
Abed-Navandi and Kikinger, 2007
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bolton and Graham, 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. of Navy, 2000
GBIF
GISD
Graham et al., 2003
Haddad and Nogueira, 2006
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Silva and Barros, 2011
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Zenetosetal., 2010
Pigrogromitus timsanus
#Master Comment
Arango, 2003
Arnaud and Bamber, 1987
Bishop Museum, 2000
1882
-------
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Child, 1979
Child, 1988
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Galil, 2007
Galil, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Pileolaria militaris
#Master Comment
Bailey-Brock, 2003
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Knight-Jones and Knight-Jones, 1974
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Surugiu, 2005
Pilumnus oahuensis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1997
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Pinauay crocea
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bouillon et al., 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Clarke et al., 2004
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Hewitt, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mills, 1998
Mills et al., 2007
NIMPIS, 2002n
Orensanz et al., 2002
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
SCAMIT, 2008a
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Pistorius bidens
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Schotte et al.
WORMS
Placopsidella marquesana
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
Evenhuis, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mathis, 1986
Plakosyllis brevipes
#Master Comment
Fauchald et al., 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miloslavichetal., 2010
Musco and Giangrande, 2005
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
San Martin and Bone, 2001
Swartz et al., 2002
WORMS
Platyarthrus aiasensis
#Master Comment
Brusca etal., 2001
Brusca etal., 2007
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Schmalfuss, 2004
Podocerus brasiliensis
#Master Comment
1883
-------
Brusca and Hendrickx
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Chapman, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al, 2002
GBIF
Huang etal., 1999
Kilgallen, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Rabindranath, 1972
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Subba Rao, 2005
Podocorynoides minima
#Master Comment
Chaplygina and Dautova, 2005
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miglietta et al., 2008
Petrova and Dautova, 2008
Schuchert, 2007
Silveira and Morandini, 2011
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Poecilia latipinna
#Master Comment
ASFB
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chavanich etal., 2010
Coles etal., 1999a
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 2000b
Dill and Cordone, 1997
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
USGS-NAS
West and Zedler, 2000
Williams and Zedler, 1999
Poecilia mexicana
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Shluker, 2003
USGS, 2010
USGS-NAS
Poecilia reticulata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brasher et al., 2006
Englund, 2002
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Ishikawa and Tachihara, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Polyandrocarpa sagamiensis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman et al., 2011
Coles et al., 2002a
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Paulay et al., 2002
Shluker, 2003
WORMS
Zheng, 1995
Zongguo, 2001
Polyandrocarpa zorritensis
#Master Comment
Abbott et al., 2007
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brunetti and Mastrototaro, 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman et al., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Chavanich etal., 2010
Cohen, 2006
1884
-------
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2002a
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota and Nakayama, 2010
GBIF
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Izquierdo-Munoz et al., 2009
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
MEI, 2008
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Nabeshima, 2007
Nishikawa and Kawamura, 1993
OBIS
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Otani, 2002
Otani, 2006
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shenkar and Swalla, 2011
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Van Name, 1945
WORMS
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Polyclinum constellatum
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
GBIF
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Marinsetal.,2010
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha etal., 2010
Rocha et al., 2009
Shluker, 2003
Van Name, 1945
WORMS
Zheng, 1995
Zongguo, 2001
Polydora cornuta
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Blake and Ruff, 2007
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2008
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Castillo, 2000
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Cinar et al., 2005a
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Cole, 1988
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Dagh and Ergen, 2008
DAISIE
Dean, 2004
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eijiro and Takahiro, 2004
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
Furota and Emmett, 1993
GBIF
1885
-------
Golden et al., 1998
Hancock et al., 1977
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Jones, 1961
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Levin, 1984a
Levin et al., 1998
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Nordby and Zedler, 1991
OBIS
Olenin and Didziulis, 2009
Orensanz et al., 2002
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Radashevsky, 1999
Radashevsky and Hsieh, 2000a
Rice et al., 2008
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sato-Okoshi, 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Silva and Barros, 2011
Surugiu, 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Talley and Levin, 1999
Talley et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
WADOE, 2002
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
Williams, 1997
Williams et al., 1998b
Williams et al., 1999
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zedler etal., 1992
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Polydora limicola
#Master Comment
Bagaveeva, 1981
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 2000
Blake and Ruff, 2007
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2008
CANOD, 2009
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hartman, 1961
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Losovskaya and Zolotarev, 2003
Manchenko and Radashevsky, 1993
MSIP
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
SCAMIT, 2008a
T N & Associates, 2002
WADOE, 2002
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev et al., 2009
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Polydora nuchalis
Bailey-Brock, 2000
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Lana et al., 2006
Levin and Talley, 2002
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nordby and Zedler, 1991
Pro Esteros, 2001
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Silva and Barros, 2011
T N & Associates, 2002
Talley and Levin, 1999
1886
-------
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
Williams, 1996
Williams, 1997
Williams and Gibson, 1995
Williams et al., 1998b
Williams et al., 1999
Zedleretal., 1992
Polydora websteri
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Read, 2010
SCAMIT, 2011
Shluker, 2003
T N & Associates, 2002
Williams and Radashevsky, 1999
Polysiphonia brodiei
AlgaeBase
Chapman and Therriault, 2010
Clarke et al., 2004
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hollenberg, 1944
Inglis et al., 2006e
Inglis et al., 2008a
Murray et al., 2005
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Polysiphonia denudata
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Amado Filho et al., 2006
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Edwards, 1970
GBIF
Inglis et al., 2006f
Josselyn and West, 1985
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mathieson et al., 2008a
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Ruiz et al., 2000
Williams and Smith, 2007
WORMS
Porcellio dilatatus
#Master Comment
Brusca etal., 2001
DAISIE
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Harding and Sutton, 1985
Katsuhiro and Masatsune, 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Taiti and Howarth, 1996
Porcellio laevis
#Master Comment
Brusca etal., 2001
Brusca etal., 2007
Brusca etal., 1995
Carlton, 2009
DAISIE
Englund, 2002
GBIF
Iwasa, 1939
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Schmalfuss, 2004
Schultz, 1972
Taiti and Howarth, 1996
Porcellio lamellatus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Montesanto et al., 2007
Schultz, 1972
Shluker, 2003
Taiti and Howarth, 1996
Porcellio scaber
#Master Comment
Brusca etal., 2001
Brusca etal., 2007
1887
-------
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
GBIF
George and Stromberg, 1968
GISD
Katsuhiro and Masatsune, 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Schultz, 1972
Slabber and Chown, 2002
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Taiti and Howarth, 1996
USAGE, 1981
Potamocorbula laevis
Carlton et al., 1990
GBIF
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Sato and Koh, 2004
Shin et al., 2004
Potamopyrgus antipodarum
#Master Comment
Bourne, 1982
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 2004c
DAISIE
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Kerckhofetal., 2007
Light et al., 2005
Meacham, 2001
Minchin and Eno, 2002
OBIS
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Turgeon et al., 1988
Urabe, 2007
Waldeck et al., 2003
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Procanace williamsi
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
Tanaka River Creature Expedition, 2000
Procerastea nematodes
#Master Comment
Blake and Ruff, 2007
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Welch and Ruff, 2008
WORMS
Prokelisia marginata
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Daehlerand Strong, 1995
Grevstad, 2004
Grevstad et al., 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Prosuberites sp. (Hartman, 1975)
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Kozloff, 1996
Lee et al., 2007b
Lee et al., 2007a
Ruiz et al., 2000
Protodorvillea biarticulata
#Master Comment
bioSearch, 2009
Day, 1967a
de Santa-Isabel et al., 1998
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Santi and Tavares, 2009
Swartz et al., 2002
Zenetos et al., 2010
Protodorvillea egena
Banse and Hartmann-Schroder, 1964
Day, 1967a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
ICES, 2002
1888
-------
Joydas and Damodaran, 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moncur et al., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Occhipinti-Ambrogi et al., 2010
Ong, 1995
Seo et al., 2009
Streftaris et al., 2005
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Protodriloides chaetifer
#Master Comment
Hooge, 1999
Kozloff, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Welch and Ruff, 2008
Wieser, 1959
Psammopsyllus stri
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Pselactus spadix
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
O'Brien, 1997
Psetta maxima
#Master Comment
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Seo and Lee, 2008
Thomson, 1922
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Pseudodiaptomus forbesi
Avent et al., 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cordell and Morrison, 1996
Cordell et al., 2008
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Mecum, 2004
Ohtsuka et al., 2004
Orsi and Ohtsuka, 1999
Razouls et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
The Bay Institute, 2004
Toft et al., 2002
Waldecketal., 2003
Pseudodiaptomus inopinus
#Master Comment
Bollens et al., 2002
Carlton, 2003
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal, 1998
Cordell and Morrison, 1996
Cordell et al., 2008
Cordell et al., 2007b
Elston, 1997
GBIF
Hinton and Emmett, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Ohtsuka et al., 2004
Ohtsuka et al., 2008
Razouls et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Pseudodiaptomus marinus
#Master Comment
Avent et al., 2000
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
1889
-------
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 1990
Chang and Fang, 2004
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cohen etal., 1998
Cordell et al., 2008
Crooks, 1998a
Fairey et al., 2002
Fleminger and Kramer, 1988
GBIF
Ivanova et al., 2009
Jimenez-Perez and Castro-Longoria,
2006
Kimmerer, 1993
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Light et al., 2005
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Moon et al., 2006
Ohtsukaetal., 2004
Ohtsuka etal.,2008
Orsi and Ohtsuka, 1999
Razouls etal.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
The Bay Institute, 2004
USGS-NAS
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zongguo, 2001
Pseudomyicola spinosus
#Master Comment
Goulletquer et al., 2002
Hine, 1989
Ho, 2005
Kim,2004
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Walter and Boxshall
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Pseudo-nitzschia americana
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
GBIF
Kaczmarska et al., 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lundholm et al., 2002
OBIS
Orlova and Shevchenko, 2002
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Pseudopolydora antennata
#Master Comment
Abd-Elnaby, 2009a
bioSearch, 2009
Bishop Museum, 2000
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 2002b
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
MSIP
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Okuda, 1937
Sato-Okoshi, 2000
Silva and Barros, 2011
Simon, 2009
Simon et al., 2009
Woodwick, 1964
Zhou etal., 2010
Pseudopolydora bassarginensis
Cohen etal., 200la
Entrix, 2003
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Radashevsky and Hsieh, 2000a
Pseudopotamilla occelata
#Master Comment
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 2000
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fauchald, 1977
GBIF
Greene etal., 1983
Hoberg and Feder, 2002
Kashin et al., 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lie, 1968
Moore, 1905a
Moore, 1905b
Nakao, 1982
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
PISCO, 2001a
PISCO, 200 Ib
Raimondi, 2002
Reish, 1949
SCAMIT, 2011
1890
-------
WADOE, 2002
Welch, 2005
WORMS
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Zvyagintsev and Bagaveeva, 1998
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Zvyagintsev et al., 2003
Pseudosphaeroma sp. (Bruce and Wetzer,
2008)
#Master Comment
Bruce and Wetzer, 2008
Brusca et al., 2007
CANOD, 2009
Cohen et al., 2005a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Montelli and Lewis, 2008
Pseudovermilia occidentalis
#Master Comment
Bailey-Brock, 1976
Bishop Museum, 2000
Coles et al., 2002a
Dean, 2004
Diaz, et al., 2009
Fauchald et al., 2009
GBIF
Godwin and Bolick, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
ten Hove and Kupriyanova, 2009
Tovar-Hernandez et al., 2009a
Psilopa girschneri
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Psychoda salicornia
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Pylaiella littoralis
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
bioSearch, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cinar et al., 2005a
Cross etal., 1987b
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
John etal., 1994
Josselyn and West, 1985
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lindauer and Taranaki, 1946
Lindstrom and Lindstrom
Longtin et al., 2009
OBIS
Silva, 2002
Streftaris et al., 2005
Verlaque, 2001
Zenetos etal., 2010
Pyrgophorus coronatus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund, 2002
OBIS
Rosenberg et al., 2009
Pyromaia tuberculata
Asakura, 1992
Braga et al., 2005
Brusca and Hendrickx
Carlton, 1979
City of San Diego, 2003
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cole, 1988
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Doi etal., 2011
Dromgoole and Foster, 1983
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota and Furuse, 1988
Furota and Kinoshita, 2004
Furota et al., 2008
GBIF
Hayward, 1997
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Kimura et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
MEI, 2008
Merkel and Associates, Inc., 2001
Nabeshima, 2007
OBIS
Ohta, 1983
Orensanz et al., 2002
Otani, 2006
1891
-------
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Pro Esteros, 2001
Sakai, 1976b
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shimura et al., 2007
Silva and Barros, 2011
T N & Associates, 2002
Terada, 1983
Thompson et al., 2000
Washitani, 2004
Watling and Carlton, 2007
Wicksten, 2008
Ralfsia bornetii
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
de Oliveria et al.
GBIF
Kepel, 1999
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Redekea californica
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz etal., 2011
Ruiz et al., 2000
Rhithropanopeus harrisii
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Castillo, 2000
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Carlton, 1997
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cohen etal., 1995
DAISIE
Doietal.,2011
Filice, 1958
GBIF
GISD
Hunt and Behrens Yamada, 2003
Iseda et al., 2007
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal.,2005
Markmann, 1986
MEI, 2008
Mills and Sommer, 1995
Nabeshima, 2007
OBIS
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Roche and Torchin, 2007
Rudy and Rudy, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Siegfried et al., 1980
Silva and Barros, 2011
Streftaris et al., 2005
Tavares, 2011
Teacaetal., 2006
Thompson et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
Wicksten, 2008
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Rhizophora mangle
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Coles et al., 2002a
GBIF
GISD
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lin and Huang, 2007
Sabaco elongatus
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Day, 1973
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hartman, 1969
Light, 1974
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
1892
-------
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Ruiz et al., 2000
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Verrill, 1873
Welch, 2005
Welch, 2006a
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Sabellastarte spectabilis
Bailey-Brock, 2003
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Fauchald et al., 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Stone, 2009
Saccharina japonica
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Asian Fisheries Society, 1989
Chen et al., 2006a
FAO Fact Sheets
Kashin et al., 2003
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lovatelli, 1990
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sulu et al., 2004
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Verlaque, 2001
WORMS
YSFRI, 1989
Zenetos et al., 2010
Saccharina longissima
#Master Comment
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Selivanova et al., 2007
Saccostrea cucullata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1997
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Galil, 2006
GBIF
Lam and Morton, 2006
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Lovatelli, 1990
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Neil et al., 2002
OBIS
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Ruesink et al., 2005
Shluker, 2003
Slack-Smith and Bryce, 2004
Streftaris et al., 2005
Yan et al., 2006
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Sakuraeolis enosimensis
Behrens, 1982
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chen et al., 2006b
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
GBIF
Gosliner, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
McDonald, 2007
McDonald and Nybakken, 1996
Ruiz et al., 2000
Takaoka Biological Club, 2006
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
Zongguo, 2001
Salmacina tribranchiata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
GBIF
Kozloff, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
1893
-------
Paulay et al., 2002
SCAMIT, 2008a
SeaLifeBase
Salmo salar
#Master Comment
Aladin et al., 2006a
Ayllonaetal., 2004
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chavanich et al., 2010
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Dill and Cordone, 1997
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Hines et al., 2000b
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mecklenburg et al., 2002
MEI, 2008
Morton and Volpe, 2003
OBIS
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
USGS-NAS
Volpe et al., 2000
WDFW, 1998
Salmo trutta
Aoyamaetal., 1999
Arai et al., 2002a
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cooper et al., 1992
Dill and Cordone, 1997
Feldmanetal., 2000
FishBase, 2009
GISD
Meacham, 2001
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
OBIS
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
USGS, 2010
USGS-NAS
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Salsuginus seculus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Kohn et al., 2006
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Salvatoria mediodentata
#Master Comment
Aguado and San Martin, 2006
Boggemann et al., 2003
CANOD, 2009
Diaz-Castaneda et al., 2005
EPA, 2002c
EPA, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson et al., 2007
Ranasinghe et al., 2005
SCAMIT, 2008a
SCCWRP
Swartz et al., 2002
WORMS
Salvelinus fontinalis
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
GISD
Hines et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mecklenburg et al., 2002
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Olenin et al.
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Vila-Gispert et al., 2005
Sardinella marquesensis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Sargassum horneri
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
CANOD, 2009
GBIF
Huetal.,2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miller, 2008
1894
-------
Miller etal., 2007
OBIS
Tokida and Masaki, 1959
Sargassum muticum
AlgaeBase
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Chapman, 2007
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Elston, 1997
Fensholt, 1955
Goddard, 1997
Hines et al., 2000b
Johansson et al., 1998
Josselyn and West, 1985
Larned, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2008
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shimura et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Sarotherodon melanotheron
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Sarsamphiascus parvus
#Master Comment
Cordell, 2006
Cordell, 2007
Coull and Herman, 1970
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mitwally and Montagna, 2001
OBIS
Ueda and Nagai, 2005
Wilson, 1932
Savignyella lafontii
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Creary and Webber, 2009
GBIF
Ignacio etal., 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
McCann et al., 2007
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Osburn, 1952
Ramalho and Muricy, 2004
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Sternhell et al., 2003
Tilbrook etal., 2001
Winston and Mature, 2009
Wyatt et al., 2005
Scatella stagnalis
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Scherocumella sp. (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Schizoporella errata
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
1895
-------
Carlton, 1979
Coles et al., 1999a
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Emara and Belal, 2004
GBIF
GISD
Gordon, 2009
Hayward and McKinney, 2002
Ignacio et al., 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ramalho and Muricy, 2004
Tilbrook et al., 2001
Tompsett et al., 2009
Zabinetal., 2010
Schizoporella japonica
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Coles etal., 1999a
deRiveraetal., 2007
Dick et al., 2005
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hewitt, 1993
Hines et al., 2000b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lenihan et al., 1990
Long and Rucker, 1969
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Montoya-Cadavid et al., 2007
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
Osburn, 1952
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shluker, 2003
Soule et al., 2007
Thompson et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Schizoporella sp. (Carlton and Eldredge,
2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Schizoporella unicornis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Cangussu et al., 2010
Dick et al., 2005
Gaonkar etal., 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Liu, 2008
Ma et al., 2008
McCann et al., 2007
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Migotto and Winston, 2005
NIMPIS
Osburn, 1952
Ramadan et al., 2006
Soule et al., 2007
Winston, 1977
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Sciaenops ocellatus
#Master Comment
Chavanichetal., 2010
Chen et al., 2008
Chen et al., 2006a
FishBase, 2009
Seo and Lee, 2008
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Zenetos etal., 2010
Scolelepis victoriensis
#Master Comment
Bigot et al., 2008
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
EPA, 2002c
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moncuretal., 1999
1896
-------
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Scylla serrata
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Eldredge, 1994
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Melo, 1983
MSIP
OBIS
Shimura et al., 2007
Shluker, 2003
Silva and Barros, 2011
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Wells et al., 2009
WORMS
Scyphoproctus djiboutiensis
#Master Comment
bioSearch, 2009
Bishop Museum, 2000
Day, 1967b
Day and Hutchings, 1979
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Moncuretal., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Rangarajan, 1963
Rizzo and Amaral, 2001
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
Serpula watsoni
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
Wang and Huang, 1993
WORMS
Sinelobus stanfordi Cmplx
#Master Comment
Bird and Bamber, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 2003
Castillo, 2000
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2007
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Doi etal., 2011
EPA, 1999
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Herman et al., 2008
Hendrickx and Ibarra, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light etal., 2005
Neves and da Rocha, 2008
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
van Haaren and Soors, 2009
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Welch, 2009
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Sinocalanus doerrii
Avent et al., 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton et al., 1990
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
Cordell and Morrison, 1996
Cordell et al., 2008
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Kimmerer et al., 1994
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mecum, 2004
Ohtsuka et al., 2004
Orsi and Ohtsuka, 1999
Orsietal., 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Sytsma et al., 2004a
The Bay Institute, 2004
1897
-------
Waldeck et al., 2003
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Spartina alterniflora
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carr and Dumbauld, 2000
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Desmond et al., 2000b
Elston, 1997
Feist and Simenstad, 2000
GBIF
Kittelson and Boyd, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Levin and Talley, 2002
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
OBIS
O'Connor, 2000
Partridge, 1987
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Trilla et al., 2009
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USDA-ARS
USGS-NAS
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yang and Nakagoshi, 2004
Zipperer, 1996
Zongguo, 2001
Spartina anglica
#Master Comment
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Chen et al., 2006b
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Elston, 1997
GBIF
GISD
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Orensanz et al., 2002
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zipperer, 1996
Zongguo, 2001
Spartina densiflora
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bortolus, 2006
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Fortune et al., 2008
GBIF
GISD
Kittelson and Boyd, 1997
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Spartina patens
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Chen et al., 2006a
Chen et al., 2006b
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
GBIF
Hester etal., 2001
Kittelson and Boyd, 1997
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
OBIS
Sytsma et al., 2004a
UNDP/GEF, 2007
USDA-ARS
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zipperer, 1996
Sphaeroma quoianum
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
1898
-------
Boyd et al., 2002
Brusca etal., 2001
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998a
Davidson, 2006
Davidson, 2008
Davidson et al., 2008
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Kussakin and Malyutina, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Richardson, 1905
Rotramel, 1972
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2011
Shluker, 2003
Talley etal., 2001
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Sphaeroma walkeri
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brusca etal., 2001
Brusca et al., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Cohen, 1998
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton and Iversion, 1981
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Emara and Belal, 2004
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Galil, 2008
GBIF
Kussakin and Malyutina, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li, 2003
Liu, 2008
Maketal., 1985
Mead etal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
NIMPIS, 2002i
NIMPIS, 2002J
Piyakarnchana, 1994
Ramadan et al., 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Sphaerosyllis riseri
#Master Comment
Fauchald et al., 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Moncuretal., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Perkins, 1981
San Martin and Bone, 2001
WORMS
Sphenia coreanica
#Master Comment
Bernard et al., 1993
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Noseworthy et al., 2007
OBIS
Shluker, 2003
Sphenophyra dosiniae
1899
-------
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Kozloff, 1946
NEAT, 1997
Ruiz et al., 2000
Spinileberis quadriaculeata
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2009
Cohen et al., 2007
Ishizaki, 1969
Ivanova et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Schornikov and Zenina, 2008
Zenina, 2009
Spio blakei
#Master Comment
Brusca and Hendrickx
de Leon-Gonzalez., 1998
Dean, 2004
Dept. Env. Water Heritage and Arts
Aus. 2008
EPA, 2002c
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maciolek, 1990
Moncur et al., 1999
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Wehrtmann and Cortes, 2009
Spirobranchus kraussii
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cinar, 2006
Cinar, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
Emara and Belal, 2004
Fauchald et al., 2009
GBIF
Knox, 1960
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Paxton and Chou, 2000
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Pillai, 2009
Shalla and Holt, 1999
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Spisula solidissima
Brunei etal., 1998
Chen et al., 2006a
DAISIE
GBIF
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Stenothoe gallensis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cinar et al., 2008
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Conradi and Lopez-Gonzalez, 1999
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Emara and Belal, 2004
GBIF
LeCroy et al., 2009
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Ramadan et al., 2006
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Subba Rao, 2005
Winfield et al., 2006
WORMS
Zakhama-Sraieb and Charfi-
Cheikhrouha, 2010
Zenetos etal., 2010
Stenothoe valida
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman, 2007
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Coles et al., 2003
Crooks, 1998a
1900
-------
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lewis, 1992
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2011
Shluker, 2003
Taraman and Wakabara, 1981
Thompson et al., 2000
WORMS
Stenothyra sp. (Tamaki et al., 2002)
#Master Comment
Fukuda, 2004
Hongetal.,2011
Iwasaki, 2006
Iwasaki et al., 2004b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
MEI, 2008
Okoshi, 2004
Otani, 2006
Tamaki et al., 2002
Stephos pacificus
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Fairey et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ohtsukaetal.,2008
Razouls et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
Stephos sp. (Ruiz et al. 2000)
#Master Comment
PSWQAT, 2000
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streblospio benedicti Cmplx
#Master Comment
Barnhart et al., 1992
Barry etal., 1996
Bishop Museum, 2000
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Castillo, 2000
Castillo et al., 2000b
Chapman et al., 1987
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Cole, 1988
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Desmond et al., 2002
Desmond et al., 1999
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 200la
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Golden etal., 1998
Hancock et al., 1977
Heiman et al., 2008
Jones, 1961
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2003a
Levin, 1984b
Levin, 1984a
Levin and Talley, 2002
Levin etal., 1998
Light etal.,2005
Markmann, 1986
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
Nelson et al., 2007
Nichols, 1985
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
Nichols et al., 1990
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Posey, 1988
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Schulze et al., 2000
1901
-------
Shluker, 2003
Shouse et al., 2004
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
T N & Associates, 2002
Talley and Levin, 1999
Talley et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
WADOE, 2002
Waldeck et al., 2003
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
West et al., 2002
Williams, 1996
Williams, 1997
Williams and Gibson, 1995
Williams et al., 1998c
Williams et al., 1998a
Williams et al., 1998b
Williams et al., 1999
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zedleretal., 1992
Zipperer, 1996
Striaria attenuata
AlgaeBase
GBIF
Hansen, 2008
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Nelson and Maggs, 1996
NEMESIS
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
State Herbarium of South Australia
WORMS
Yamada, 1932
Strongylocentrotus intermedius
#Master Comment
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Galysheva, 2004
GBIF
Kashin et al., 2003
Kashin et al., 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liang and Wang, 2001
Seo and Lee, 2008
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Styela canopus
#Master Comment
Abbott et al., 2007
Abdul et al., 2009
Ali et al., 2009
Al-Khayat and Al-Ansi, 2008
Berrill, 1932
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman et al., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Chavanich etal., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 2003
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Emara and Belal, 2004
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Huang etal., 1992
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Li etal., 2010
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
Marins etal., 2010
Mead etal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Monniot and Monniot, 2001
NEMESIS
Paulay et al., 2002
Pollard and Pethebridge, 2002a
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rocha and Kremer, 2005
Rochaetal., 2010
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
UNDP/GEF, 2007
1902
-------
Van Name, 1945
Zongguo, 2001
Styela clava
Abbott et al., 2007
Adrianov et al., 2007
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Carman et al., 2009
Chavanich et al., 2010
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
GISD
Gittenberger, 2007
Kashin et al., 2000
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2008
Lenihan et al., 1990
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Maclellan, 2005
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
NIMPIS
OBIS
Olenin et al.
Paavola et al., 2005
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Rho and Park, 1998
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Russell and Hewitt, 2000
Sanamyan, 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shimura et al., 2007
Soule et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Van Name, 1945
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
WDNR, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Zvyagintsev et al., 2007a
Styela plicata
#Master Comment
Abbott et al., 2007
Barros et al., 2009
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Cangussu et al., 2010
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Chavanich etal., 2010
City of San Diego, 2003
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRivera etal., 2007
Dexter, 1983
Emara and Belal, 2004
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
GISD
Huang etal., 1992
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lenihan et al., 1990
Li etal., 2010
Liu, 2008
Locke, 2009
Marins etal., 2010
Mead etal., 2011
Medel and Vervoort, 2000
NIMPIS
Orensanz et al., 2002
1903
-------
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Primo and Vazquez, 2008
Ramadan et al., 2006
Rho and Park, 1998
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha and Kremer, 2005
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Seo and Lee, 2008
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Van Name, 1945
Zongguo, 2001
Stylochoplana limnoriae
#Master Comment
Carlton, 1979
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
Tyler et al.
Suberites aurantiacus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
de Laubenfels, 1957
Eldredge and Smith, 2001
Farrapeira et al., 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
WORMS
Syllides bansei
#Master Comment
Boggemann et al., 2003
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Musco and Giangrande, 2005
Nelson et al., 2007
OBIS
Perkins, 1981
Swartz et al., 2002
Uebelacker and Johnson, 1984
Symplegma brakenhielmi
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carman etal., 2011
Carman et al., 2010
Crooks, 1998a
GBIF
Kott, 2005
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lambert, 2002
Lambert, 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Locke, 2009
Marins etal., 2010
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Paulay et al., 2002
Rocha and Costa, 2005
Rocha and Faria, 2005
Rocha and Kremer, 2005
Rocha etal., 2010
Rocha et al., 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shenkar and Loya, 2009
Shluker, 2003
Zenetos etal., 2010
Symplegma reptans
Abbott et al., 2007
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 1999a
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Doty etal., 1986
Fairey et al., 2002
Gaonkar etal., 2010
GBIF
Lambert and Lambert, 1998
Lambert and Lambert, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Streftaris et al., 2005
Swami and Chhapgar, 2002
Zongguo, 2001
Symplegma sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Synandwakia hozawai
1904
-------
#Master Comment
Furota et al., 2008
Kostina, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Zvyagintsev et al., 2009
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Synidotea laevidorsalis
#Master Comment
Brusca etal., 2001
Bushek and Boyd, 2006
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Chapman and Carlton, 1994
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cuestaetal., 1996
DAISIE
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Espinosa-Perez and Hendrickx, 2006
Filice, 1958
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Light et al., 2005
Liu, 2008
Markmann, 1986
Mees and Fockedey, 1993
Orensanz et al., 2002
Poore, 1996
Ruiz et al., 2000
Siegfried et al., 1980
Soors etal., 2010
Streftaris et al., 2005
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Thompson et al., 2000
USGS-NAS
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zongguo, 2001
Synnotum aegyptiacum
#Master Comment
Amaral etal., 2010
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Foss, 2011
GBIF
Gluhak et al., 2007
Hayward and McKinney, 2002
Ignacio etal., 2010
Kocak et al., 2002
Kozloff, 1996
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Osburn, 1950
SCAMIT, 2008a
Tilbrook etal., 2001
Winston, 1986
Syntormon flexible
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Taenioplana teredini
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Hoagland and Turner, 1980
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Takifugu rubripes
#Master Comment
Chen et al., 2006a
FishBase, 2009
OBIS
Seo and Lee, 2008
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Tanystylum rehderi
#Master Comment
Arango, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Miiller, 1993
WORMS
Tarebia granifera
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000b
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lopez-Lopez et al., 2009
Mead etal.,2011
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Miranda, etal., 2010
OBIS
Pointier, 2001
Shluker, 2003
1905
-------
USGS-NAS
Telmatogeton japonicus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
GBIF
Gollasch et al., 2006
ICES, 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Raunio et al., 2009
Sunose and Fujisawa, 1982
Tenellia adspersa
#Master Comment
Behrens and Hermosillo, 2005
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 2003
Carlton et al., 2003
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
DAISIE
deRiveraetal., 2007
GBIF
Gosliner, 1995
Grigorovich et al., 2003
Hancock et al., 1977
Karpinsky, 2010
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Maclellan, 2005
Malacolog
MarLIN
Mills and Sommer, 1995
Paavola et al., 2005
Pederson et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shiganova et al., 2005
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Turgeon et al., 1998
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
White, 2008
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
WORMS
Zvyagintsev et al., 2011
Teredicola typica
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cordell, 2007
Doietal., 2011
GBIF
Humes and Turner, 1972
McKoy, 1975
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
Teredo bartschi
#Master Comment
Benson, 2010
Bishop Museum, 2000
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen et al., 2005a
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 1997
Coles et al., 1999a
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Hoagland and Turner, 1980
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leonel, et al., 2006
Maclellan, 2005
Malacolog
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Turgeon et al., 1988
USGS-NAS
WORMS
Teredo clappi
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Malacolog
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
1906
-------
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Redfern
Shluker, 2003
Teredo fulleri
bioSearch, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Malacolog
OBIS
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Paulay, 2003
Rayner, 1983
Sirmah et al., 2009
Tan and Woo, 2010
Teredo furcifera
bioSearch, 2009
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1997
Cruz et al., 2003
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Malacolog
Meadows and Kane, 2006
OBIS
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
Paulay, 2003
Rayner, 1983
Ruiz et al., 2000
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Tan and Woo, 2010
Tsunoda, 1979
Tsunoda and Nishimoto, 1976
Teredo navalis
#Master Comment
Alexandrov et al., 2007
Brearley et al., 2003
Brunei etal., 1998
BSERP, 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carl and Guiguet, 1981
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
GBIF
Gollasch, 2006
Hoppe, 2002
Kerckhof etal., 2007
Lee et al., 2003b
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leppakoski and Olenin, 2000
Liu, 2008
Meacham, 2001
Mead etal., 2011
NEMESIS
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
NIMPIS, 2002f
NIMPIS
OBIS
Olenin et al.
Quayle, 1992
Ruiz et al., 2000
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Streftaris et al., 2005
Turgeon et al., 1988
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Tethina willistoni
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Munari and Mathis, 2010
Thambemyia borealis
#Master Comment
Brooks and Cumming, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Masunaga, et al., 1999
Ruiz et al., 2000
Schlinger, 2007
Theora lubrica
Bogi and Galil, 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
1907
-------
Carlton et al., 1990
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cole, 1988
Crooks, 1998a
Crooks, 2001
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Hayward, 1997
Imabayashi and Tsukuda, 1984
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Nestler and Stebbins, 2003
NIMPIS, 2002b
OBIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Streftaris et al., 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Thuiaria thuiarioides
#Master Comment
ArcOD
Calder, 2003
CANOD, 2009
Fraser, 1911
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Schuchert, 2000
Thylaeodus sp. (Carlton and Eldredge, 2009)
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles etal., 1999a
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Strathmann and Strathmann, 2006
Tortanus dextrilobatus
Avent et al., 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cordell et al., 2008
Kimmerer et al., 2002
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
Ohtsuka et al., 2004
Orsi and Ohtsuka, 1999
Razouls et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
The Bay Institute, 2004
Zongguo, 2001
Tramea lacerata
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund et al., 2000a
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Transorchestia enigmatica
#Master Comment
Bousfield, 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
Trichocorixa reticulata
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
CDF
Davis, 1966
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Merkel and Associates, Inc., 2001
SIMoN
Ward et al., 2000
Ward etal., 2001
West and Cordrey, 2002
West and Cordrey, 2003
West et al., 2002
Williams, 1997
Williams et al., 1998b
Tridentiger barbatus
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
FishBase, 2009
1908
-------
Hieb et al., 2004
Light et al., 2005
Liu, 2008
Matern et al., 2002
Quanetal., 2009
USGS-NAS
Tridentiger bifasciatus
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen and Moyle, 2004
FishBase, 2009
Herre, 1927
Hieb et al., 2004
Liu, 2008
Matern and Fleming, 1996
Matern et al., 2002
Sakamoto and Sakamoto, 1989
USGS-NAS
Tridentiger trigonocephalus
#Master Comment
Boltachev et al., 2007
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
EPA, 2000
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Goren et al., 2009
Herre, 1927
Hieb et al., 2004
Ivanova et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Love et al., 2005
Matern and Fleming, 1996
NIMPIS, 2002s
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Sakamoto and Sakamoto, 1989
USGS-NAS
Yoklavich et al., 2002
Zenetos et al., 2010
Trigonotylus uhleri
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Daehlerand Strong, 1995
Ruiz et al., 2000
University of Washington, 2008
Triticella sp. B (Hewitt, 1993)
#Master Comment
Carlton, 2003
Hewitt, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Trochammina hadai
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal, 1998
Hines et al., 2000b
Kitazato and Matsushita, 1996
Liu, 2008
McGann, 2007
McGann and Sloan, 1999
McGann et al., 2000
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
Nomura and Seto, 1992
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ruiz et al., 2006
Tsujimoto et al., 2006
Zongguo, 2001
Tropichelura insulae
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coleman and Renz, 2009
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
GBIF
Meadows and Kane, 2006
WORMS
Tropisternus salsamentus
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Englund, 2002
Leech and Chandler, 1956
WORMS
Trypostega venusta
#Master Comment
1909
-------
Bishop Museum, 2000
Canu and Bassler, 1929
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dhondt, 1988
GBIF
Kaselowsky et al., 2005
Kocak et al., 2002
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Migotto and Winston, 2005
OBIS
Osburn, 1952
Winston, 1984
Winston, 1986
Tubificoides brownae
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Chapman et al., 1987
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cook et al., 2007b
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
Crooks and Khim, 1999
GBIF
Johnson et al., 2007
Levin et al., 1998
Light et al., 2005
Ruiz et al., 2000
Talley et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Tubificoides diazi
#Master Comment
Carlton, 2003
Cook et al., 2007b
GBIF
Ruiz et al., 2000
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Tubificoides wasselli
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen, 1998
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cook et al., 2007b
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Ruiz et al., 2000
Thompson et al., 2000
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Turritopsis nutricula Cmplx
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 2003
Fraser, 1937
GBIF
Kirkendale and Calder, 2003
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills et al., 2007
Paulay et al., 2002
Petrova and Dautova, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Schuchert, 2010
Shluker, 2003
Zongguo, 2001
Typosyllis nipponica
Aguado et al., 2008
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Cohen et al., 2002
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Imajima and Gamo, 1970
Kudenov and Harris, 1995
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2011
Ranasinghe et al., 2005
SCAMIT, 2008a
T N & Associates, 2002
Wehe and Fiege, 2002
Zvyagintsev et al., 2004
Udotea argentea
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Bailey-Brock and Magalhaes, 2010
GBIF
1910
-------
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
Tsuda, 2006
Ulva californica
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Boraso de Zaixso, 2004
Bracken and Nielsen, 2004
CANOD, 2009
Chavanichetal., 2010
Fairey et al, 2002
Furota and Nakayama, 2010
GBIF
Heesch et al., 2009
Josselyn and West, 1985
Kawai et al., 2007
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Littler and Littler, 1981
Loughnane et al., 2008
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Sohrabipour and Rabi,1999
Ulva expansa
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Dept. of Navy, 2000
Gill, 1971
Gosliner, 1995
Kameretal., 2001
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Thorn, 1984
Ulva lactuca
#Master Comment
Aguilar-Rosas et al., 2005
AlgaeBase
Barnhart et al., 1992
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chapman and Carlton, 1991
Chavanich et al., 2010
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Emara and Belal, 2004
Fairey et al., 2002
Furota and Nakayama, 2010
GBIF
Hayden and Waaland, 2004
Heesch et al., 2009
Ivanova et al., 2009
Josselyn and West, 1985
Kashin et al., 2003
Kashin et al., 2000
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
#Master Classification
Li etal., 2010
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
OBIS
O'Kelly etal., 2010
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Ramadan et al., 2006
Ruiz et al., 2000
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
Thorn, 1984
WORMS
Zenetos etal., 2010
Ulva pertusa
Aguilar-Rosas et al., 2005
AlgaeBase
Chapman and Therriault, 2010
Cornelisen et al., 2007
DAISIE
Hayden and Waaland, 2004
Kawai et al., 2007
Kim et al., 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lopez et al., 2007
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Streftaris et al., 2005
Verlaque, 2001
Verlaque et al., 2002
Zenetos etal., 2010
Ulva rigida
#Master Comment
AlgaeBase
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Chavanichetal., 2010
Furota and Nakayama, 2010
GBIF
Kawai et al., 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
OBIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Sa et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
Tasmanian Planning Commission, 2009
1911
-------
Thorn, 1984
Umbonium thomasi
#Master Comment
GBIF
Gul'bin, 2004
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mito and Uesugi, 2004
Pilsbry, 1895
Shin and Je, 2008
Undaria pinnatifida
#Master Comment
Bagaveeva and Zvyagintsev, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1989
Chavanich et al., 2010
Chen et al., 2006a
Cohen et al., 2002
Curieletal., 1998
DAISIE
Fairey et al., 2002
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Martin and Cuevas, 2006
Orensanz et al., 2002
Shimura et al., 2007
Silva et al., 2002
Streftaris et al., 2005
UNDP/GEF, 2007
Zabin et al., 2009
Zenetos et al., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Zvyagintsev, 2003
Upeneus vittatus
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Eldredge, 1994
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
NiandKwok, 1999
Randall and Kulbicki, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Urosalpinx cinerea
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Cohen etal, 200la
Cohen
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2008
GBIF
Gillespie et al., 1999
Goulletquer et al., 2002
Malacolog
Meacham, 2001
Meehanetal., 1989
Mills, 200la
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Ruiz et al., 2000
Streftaris et al., 2005
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Valamugil engeli
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Eldredge, 1994
FishBase, 2009
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Nishimoto et al., 2007
Vallicula multiformis
#Master Comment
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mills and Haddock, 2007
Oliveira, 2007
Shluker, 2003
Signorovitch et al., 2006
Smithsonian Tropical Research, 2010
Wirtz, 1998
1912
-------
Venerupis philippinarum
Barnhart et al., 1992
Bishop Museum, 2000
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Bourne, 1982
Bourne and Cawdell, 1992
Bourne and Heritage, 1997
Bourne et al., 1994
Boyd et al., 2002
BSERP, 2007
Byers, 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carl and Guiguet, 1981
Carlton, 1969
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1992
Carlton, 1999a
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Carlton et al., 2003
Carlton et al., 1990
Chew, 1998a
Coan and Valentich-Scott, 2007
Coan et al., 2000
Cohen etal., 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1997
Coles etal., 1999a
Crooks, 1998b
Crooks, 1998a
DAISIE
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
Eldredge and DeFelice, 2002
Emmettetal., 1991
EPA, 1999
EPA, 2000
EPA, 2002a
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Filice, 1958
GBIF
Gillespie, 2007
Gillespie and Bourne, 1998
Gillespie and Bourne, 2000
Gillespie and Bourne, 2005a
Gillespie and Bourne, 2005b
Gillespie et al., 2004
Gillespie et al., 1999
Grosholz and Ruiz, 1995
Heritage et al., 1998
Ivanova et al., 2009
Iwasaki, 2006
Jamieson etal., 1998
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Leppakoski and Olenin, 2000
Light etal., 2005
Lutaenko et al., 2006
Magni et al., 2006
Malacolog
Meacham, 2001
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Mills, 200la
Morris etal., 1980
Neave, 1944
Nichols and Pamatamat, 1988
Nichols and Thompson, 1985b
OBIS Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database,
2006
PICES Working Group 21, 2008
Quayle and Bourne, 1972
Quayle, 1938
Quayle, 1941
Quayle, 1960
Ricketts et al., 1985
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Scherba and Gallucci, 1976
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Streftaris et al., 2005
T N & Associates, 2002
Thompson et al., 2000
Turgeon et al., 1988
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Yakovlev, 2002
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zenetos etal., 2010
Zongguo, 2001
Vermetus alii
#Master Comment
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2009
1913
-------
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles etal., 1999a
OBIS
Victorella pavida
#Master Comment
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carter etal., 2010
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
deRiveraetal., 2007
Gaonkaretal.,2010
GBIF
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
MarLIN
Massard et al., 1992
McCann et al., 2007
Olenin et al.
Ruiz et al., 2000
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Soule et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Winston, 1977
Wood et al., 2006
WORMS
Watersipora arcuata
#Master Comment
Brusca and Hendrickx
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 1979
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Crooks, 1998a
deRivera etal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
GBIF
Gordon, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mackie et al., 2006
NIMPIS
Ruiz et al., 2000
SeaLifeBase
Soule et al., 2007
Watersipora edmondsoni
Bishop Museum, 2000
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Coles et al., 2002a
Coles et al., 1999a
Hewitt, 1993
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Shluker, 2003
Watersipora sp. (Mackie et al., 2006)
#Master Comment
CANOD, 2009
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Mackie et al., 2006
Watersipora subtorquata
#Master Comment
Boyd et al., 2002
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton, 2003
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Coles et al., 2003
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Creary and Webber, 2009
Crooks, 1998a
deRivera etal., 2007
Fairey et al., 2002
Floerl et al., 2004
GBIF
GISD
Gong and Seo, 2004
Gordon, 2009
Kaselowsky et al., 2005
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
Ma et al., 2008
Mackie et al., 2006
McCann et al., 2007
Mead etal.,2011
Montoya-Cadavid et al., 2007
NIMPIS
PICES Working Group 21, 2009
Ruiz et al., 2000
Ryland et al., 2009
SCAMIT, 2011
Seo and Lee, 2008
Shluker, 2003
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
1914
-------
Soule et al., 2007
Streftaris et al., 2005
USGS-NAS
Wasson et al., 2002
Wassonetal., 2001
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zenetos et al., 2005a
Zongguo, 2001
Zoobotryon verticillatum
#Master Comment
Abdel-Salam and Ramadan, 2008
Amat and Tempera, 2009
Bishop Museum, 2000
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
CANOD, 2009
Carlton and Eldredge, 2009
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen et al., 2002
Cranfield et al., 1998b
Cranfield et al., 1998a
Creary and Webber, 2009
Crooks, 1998a
Dept. of Navy, 2000
deRiveraetal., 2007
EPA, 2008
Fairey et al., 2002
Farrapeira, 2010a
Gaonkar et al., 2010
GBIF
GISD
Hewitt et al., 2004
Knappetal, 2011
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Liu, 2008
McCann et al., 2007
Meadows and Kane, 2006
Montoya-Cadavid et al., 2007
Nandakumar, 1996
Novosel and Pozar-Domac, 2001
OBIS
Osburn, 1953
Otani, 2006
Paulay, 2011
Ramadan et al., 2006
Robertson, 1905
Ruiz et al., 2000
SCAMIT, 2008a
Smithsonian-Fort Pierce
Soule et al., 2007
Winston, 1977
Winston, 2004
Winston and Mature, 2009
Wirtz and Canning-Clode, 2009
Zongguo, 2001
Zoster a japonica
Bookheim and Berry, 1999
Boyd et al., 2002
Bulthuis, 1995
California Department of Fish and
Game, 2002
Carlton, 1979
Carlton, 1989
Carlton, 2003
Castillo, 2000
Cohen etal, 200la
Cohen, 2004b
Cohen, 2004c
Cohen, 2004a
Cohen and Carlton, 1995
Cohen etal., 1998
Crooks, 1998b
Feldman et al., 2000
Furota and Emmett, 1993
GBIF
Golden etal., 1998
Ivanova et al., 2009
Kaldy, 2006
Kozhenkova, 2009
Lamed, 2000
Lee and Reusser (PCEIS), 2012
Lee et al., 2006b
Light etal., 2005
Liu, 2008
Mach etal.,2010
Meacham, 2001
Mills, 200la
O'Connor, 2000
PICES Working Group 21, 2010
Posey, 1988
Shin and Choi, 1998
Simenstad and Fresh, 1995
Sytsma et al., 2004a
Waldeck etal.,2003
WDFW, 1998
Wonham and Carlton, 2005
Zipperer, 1996
1915
-------
United States
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