EPA/600/R-12/642
October 2012
Environmental Technology Verification
Baghouse Filtration Products
Donaldson Company, Inc.
Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media
(Tested October 2011)
Prepared by
RTI International
HRTI
INTERNATIONAL
ETS I ncorporated
Under a Cooperative Agreement with
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EPA
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Environmental Technology Verification
Report
Baghouse Filtration Products
Donaldson Company, Inc.
Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media
(Tested October 2011)
Prepared by
RTI International
ETS Incorporated
EPA Cooperative Agreement CR 83416901-0
EPA Project Officer
Michael Kosusko
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division
National Risk Management Research Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Notice
This document was prepared by RTI International* (RTI) and its subcontractor ETS Incorporated (ETS)
with partial funding from Cooperative Agreement No. CR 83416901-0 with the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). The document has been subjected to RTI/EPA's peer and administrative
reviews and has been approved for publication. Mention of corporation names, trade names, or
commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use of specific products.
RTI International is a trade name of Research Triangle Institute.
Ill
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Foreword
The Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Program, established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), is designed to accelerate the development and commercialization of new or
improved technologies through third-party verification and reporting of performance. The goal of the
ETV Program is to verify the performance of commercially ready environmental technologies through the
evaluation of objective and quality-assured data in order to provide potential purchasers and permitters an
independent, credible assessment of the technology that they are buying or permitting.
The Air Pollution Control Technology Center (APCT Center) is part of the EPA's ETV Program and is
operated as a partnership between RTI International (RTI) and EPA. The APCT Center verifies the
performance of commercially ready air pollution control technologies. Verification tests use approved
protocols, and verified performance is reported in verification statements signed by EPA and RTI
officials. RTI contracts with ETS Incorporated (ETS) to perform verification tests on baghouse filtration
products, including filter media.
Baghouses are air pollution control devices used to control particulate emissions from stationary sources
and are among the technologies evaluated by the APCT Center. Baghouses and their accompanying filter
media have long been one of the leading particulate control techniques for industrial sources. Increasing
emphasis on higher removal efficiencies has helped the baghouse to be continually more competitive
when compared to the other generic PM control devices to the point where the baghouse is now the
control option of choice for most industrial applications. The development of new and improved filter
media has further enhanced baghouse capability to control fine PM over an expanded range of industrial
applications. The APCT Center developed (and EPA approved) the Generic Verification Protocol for
Baghouse Filtration Products to provide guidance on these verification tests.
The following report reviews the performance of Donaldson Company, Inc.'s Dura-Life #0701607
Filtration Media. ETV testing of this technology was conducted during October 2011 at ETS. All testing
was performed in accordance with an approved test/quality assurance (QA) plan that implements the
requirements of the generic verification protocol at the test laboratory.
IV
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Availability of Verification Report
Copies of this verification report are available from the following:
• RTI International
Discovery & Analytical Sciences
P.O. Box 12194
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division (E343-02)
109 T. W. Alexander Drive
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Web Site: http://www.epa.gov/etv/vt-apc.html (electronic copies)
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Table of Contents
Notice iii
Foreword iv
Availability of Verification Report v
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms viii
Acknowledgments x
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Verification Test Description 2
2.1 Description of the Test Rig and Methodology 2
2.2 Selection of Filtration Sample for Testing 4
2.3 Control Tests 4
2.4 Analysis 5
3.0 Description of Filter Fabric 7
4.0 Verification of Performance 8
4.1 Quality Assurance 8
4.2 Results 8
4.3 Limitations and Applications 9
5.0 References 10
Appendix A: Vendor Comments A-l
VI
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
List of Figures
1. Diagram of filtration efficiency media analyzer test apparatus 3
2. Photograph of Donaldson Company, Inc.'s Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media 7
List of Tables
1. Summary of Control Test Results 5
2. Summary of Verification Results for Donaldson Company, Inc.'s Dura-Life #0701607
Filtration Media 9
A-l. Summary of Dura-Life Test Results (2001 -2011) A-2
A-2. Dura-Life Retest Results (2011 -2012) A-3
VII
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Environmental Technology Verification Report
Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
APCT Center Air Pollution Control Technology Center
BFP baghouse filtration product
cfm cubic feet per minute
cm centimeter(s)
cm w.g. centimeter(s) of water gauge
dia. diameter
AP pressure drop
dscmh dry standard cubic meter(s) per hour
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ETS ETS Incorporated
ETV Environmental Technology Verification
FEMA filtration efficiency media analyzer
fpm feet per minute
g gram(s)
g/dscm gram(s) per dry standard cubic meter
g/m3 gram(s) per cubic meter
G/C gas-to-cloth ratio (filtration velocity)
gr grain(s)
gr/dscf grain(s) per dry standard cubic foot
GVP generic verification protocol
h hour(s)
in. inch(es)
in. w.g. inch(es) of water gauge
kPa kilopascal(s)
m meter(s)
VIM
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
m/h meter(s) per hour
m3/h cubic meter(s) per hour
mbar millibar(s)
min. minute(s)
mm millimeter(s)
MPa megapascal(s)
ms millisecond(s)
osy ounce(s) per square yard
Pa pascal(s)
PM particulate matter
PM2 5 particulate matter 2.5 micrometers in aerodynamic diameter or smaller
psi pound(s) per square inch
psia pound(s) per square inch absolute
QA quality assurance
QC quality control
RTI RTI International
s second(s)
scf standard cubic feet
t time
VDI Verein Deutscher Ingenieure
um micrometer(s)
C degree(s) Celsius
F degree(s) Fahrenheit
R degree(s) Rankine
o
o
o
IX
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the support of all those who helped plan and conduct the verification activities.
In particular, we would like to thank Michael Kosusko, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's)
Project Officer, and Bob Wright, EPA's Quality Manager, who both work as part of EPA's National Risk
Management Research Laboratory in Research Triangle Park, NC. Finally, we would like to acknowledge
the assistance and participation of Donaldson Company, Inc. personnel, who supported the test effort.
For more information on Donaldson Company, Inc.'s Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media, contact the
following:
Mr. Mark Belcher
Donaldson Company, Inc.
P.O. Box 1299, MS 365
Minneapolis, MN 55440-1299
952-887-3975
Mark.Belcher@Donaldson.com
For more information on verification testing of baghouse filtration products, contact the following:
Jason Hill
RTI International
P.O. Box 12194
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194
919-541-7443
APCTVC@rti.org
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This report reviews the pressure drop (AP) and filtration performance of Donaldson Company, Inc.'s
Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media. Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) testing of this
technology/product was conducted during a series of tests in October 2011 by ETS Incorporated (ETS),
under contract with the Air Pollution Control Technology Center (APCT Center). The objective of the
APCT Center and the ETV Program is to verify, with high data quality, the performance of air pollution
control technologies. Control of fine-particle emissions from various industrial and electric utility sources
employing baghouse control technology is within the scope of the APCT Center. An APCT Center
program area was designed by RTI International (RTI) and a technical panel of experts to evaluate the
performance of particulate filters for fine-particle (i.e., PM25) emission control. Based on the activities of
this technical panel, the Generic Verification Protocol for Baghouse Filtration Products1 was developed.
This protocol was chosen as the best guide to verify the filtration performance of baghouse filtration
products (BFPs). The specific test/quality assurance (QA) plan for the ETV test of the technology was
developed and approved in May 2000, followed by an approved update in February 20062. The goal of
the test was to measure filtration performance of both PM25 and total particulate matter (PM), as well as
the AP characteristics of the Donaldson Company, Inc. technology identified above.
Section 2 of this report documents the procedures used for the test and the conditions over which the test
was conducted. A description of Donaldson Company, Inc.'s Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media is
presented in Section 3. The results of the test are summarized and discussed in Section 4, and references
are presented in Section 5.
This report contains summary information and data from the test. Vendor comments are included in
Appendix A. Complete documentation of the test results is provided in a separate data package report and
an audit of data quality report. These reports include the raw test data from product testing and
supplemental testing as well as QA and quality control (QC) activities and results. Complete
documentation of QA/QC activities and results, raw test data, and equipment calibration results are
retained in ETS's files for 7 years.
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
2.0 VERIFICATION TEST DESCRIPTION
The BFPs were tested in accordance with the APCT Center Generic Verification Protocol for Baghouse
Filtration Products1 and the Test/QA Plan for the Verification Testing of Baghouse Filtration Products.2
These documents incorporate all the requirements for quality management, QA, procedures for product
selection, auditing of the test laboratories, and reporting format. The Generic Verification Protocol (GVP)
describes the overall procedures used for verification testing and defines the data quality objectives. The
protocol is based on and describes modifications to the equipment and procedures described in Verein
Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) 3926, Part 2, Testing of Filter Media for Cleanable Filters under Operational
Conditions, December 1994.3 The values for inlet dust concentration, raw gas flow rate, and filtration
velocity used for current verification testing have been revised in consultation with the technical panel
since posting of the GVP. These revisions are documented in Section 4.1. The test/QA plan details how
the test laboratory at ETS implemented and met the requirements of the GVP.
2.1 Description of the Test Rig and Methodology
The tests were conducted in ETS's filtration efficiency media analyzer (FEMA) test apparatus (Figure 1).
The test apparatus is based on the VDI 3926 Type 1 vertical duct design. The test apparatus consists of a
brush-type dust feeder that disperses test dust into a vertical rectangular duct (raw-gas channel). The dust
feed rate is continuously measured and recorded via an electronic scale located beneath the dust feed
mechanism. The scale has a continuous readout with a resolution of 10 g. A radioactive polonium-210
alpha source is used to neutralize the dust electrically before its entry into the raw-gas channel. An optical
photo sensor monitors the concentration of dust and ensures that the flow is stable for the entire duration
of the test. The optical photo sensor does not measure absolute concentration, and is, therefore, not the
primary concentration measurement for the test. A portion of the gas flow is extracted from the raw-gas
channel through the test filter, which is mounted vertically at the entrance to a horizontal duct (clean-gas
channel). The clean-gas channel flow is separated into two gas streams, a sample stream and a bypass
stream. An aerodynamic "Y" is used for this purpose. The aerodynamic "Y" is designed for isokinetic
separation of the clean gas with 40% of the clean gas entering the sample-gas channel without change in
gas velocity. The sample-gas channel contains an Andersen impactor for particle separation and
measurement. The bypass channel contains an absolute filter. The flow within the two segments of the
"Y" is continuously monitored and maintained at selected rates by adjustable valves. Two vacuum pumps
maintain air flow through the raw-gas and clean-gas channels. The flow rates, and thus the gas-to-cloth
ratio (G/C) through the test filter, are kept constant and measured using mass flow controllers. A pressure
transducer is used to measure the average residual AP of the filter sample. The pressure transducer
measures the differential pressure across the filter samples every 3 seconds; the residual AP measurements
are those taken 3 seconds after the cleaning pulse. The AP measurements are then averaged, as described
in Appendix C, Section 4.4.1 of the GVP.1 Fligh-efficiency filters are installed upstream of the flow
controllers and pumps to prevent contamination or damage caused by the dust. The cleaning system
consists of a compressed-air tank set at 0.5 MPa (75 psi), a quick-action diaphragm valve, and a blow
tube [25.4 mm (1.0 in.) dia.] with a nozzle [3 mm (0.12 in.) dia.] facing the downstream side of the test
filter.
Mean outlet particle concentration is determined when a portion of the gas flow is extracted from the raw-
gas channel through the test filter, which is mounted vertically at the entrance to a horizontal duct (clean-
gas channel). The clean-gas flow is separated using an aerodynamic "Y" so that a representative sample
of the clean gas flows through an Andersen impactor that determines the outlet particle concentration.
Outlet particle concentrations were determined by weighing the mass increase of dust collected in each
impactor filter stage and dividing by the gas volumetric flow through the impactor.
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Environmental Technology Verification Report
Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
The particle size was measured while a fine dust was injected into the air stream upstream of the filter
fabric sample. The particle size distributions in the air were determined both upstream and downstream
of the test filter fabric to provide accurate results for penetration through the test filter of PM25.
DUST FEED FROM EXTERNAL HOPPER
DUST CHARGE NEUTRALIZER
RECTANGULAR CHANNEL
111 x 292 mm (4-3/8x11-1/2")
PHOTOMETER
FILTER FIXTURE AND TEST FILTER
CYLINDRICAL EXTRACTION TUBE
CLEAN-GAS SAMPLE PORT
RAW-GAS SAMPLE PORT
CLEANING SYSTEM
ABSOLUTE FILTER AND
ANDERSENIMPACTOR
BACKUP
FILTER
MASS FLOW
CONTROLLER
CALIBRATED
ORIFICE
BLOW TUBE
DIRTY AIR
FILTER
CLEAN AIR PUMP
DUST
CONTAINER
MASS FLOW
CONTROLLER
DIRTY AIR
PUMP
Figure 1. Diagram of filtration efficiency media analyzer test apparatus.
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
The following series of tests was performed on three separate, randomly selected filter fabric samples:
• Conditioning period
• Recovery period
• Performance test period.
To simulate long-term operation, the test filter was first subjected to a conditioning period, which consists
of 10,000 rapid-pulse cleaning cycles under continuous dust loading. During this period, the time between
cleaning pulses was maintained at 3 seconds. No filter performance parameters are measured in this
period.
The conditioning period is immediately followed by a recovery period, which allows the test filter fabric
to recover from rapid pulsing. The recovery period consists of 30 normal filtration cycles under
continuous and constant dust loading. During a normal filtration cycle, the dust cake is allowed to form
on the test filter until a differential pressure of 1,000 Pa (4.0 in. w.g.) is reached. At this point, the test
filter is cleaned by a pulse of compressed air from the clean-gas side of the fabric. The next filtration
cycle begins immediately after the cleaning is complete.
Performance testing occurred for a 6-hour period immediately following the recovery period (a
cumulative total of 10,030 filtration cycles after the test filter had been installed in the test apparatus).
During the performance test period, normal filtration cycles are maintained and, as in the case of the
conditioning and recovery periods, the test filter is subjected to continuous and constant dust loading.
The filtration velocity (G/C) and inlet dust concentrations were maintained at 120 ± 6 m/h (6.6 ± 0.3 fpm)
and 18.4 ± 3.6 g/dscm (8.0 ±1.6 gr/dscf), respectively, throughout all phases of the test.
2.2 Selection of Filtration Sample for Testing
Filter fabric samples of Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media were supplied to ETS directly from the
manufacturer (Donaldson Company, Inc.), with a letter signed by Tom Scalf, General Manager,
Donaldson Company, Inc., attesting that the filter media were selected at random in an unbiased manner
from commercial-grade media and were not treated differently in any manner from the media provided to
customers. The manufacturer supplied the test laboratory with nine 46x91 cm (18 x 36 in.) filter
samples. The test laboratory randomly selected three samples and prepared them for testing by cutting one
test specimen of 150 mm (5.9 in.) diameter from each selected sample for insertion in the test rig sample
holder. The sample holder has an opening 140 mm (5.5 in.) in diameter, which is the dimension used to
calculate the face area of the tested specimen.
2.3 Control Tests
Two types of control tests were performed during the verification test series. The first was a dust
characterization, which is performed monthly. The reference dust used during the verification tests was
Pural NF aluminum oxide dust. The Pural NF dust was oven dried for 2 hours and sealed in an airtight
container prior to its insertion into the FEMA apparatus. The criteria for the dust characterization test are
a maximum mass mean diameter of 1.5 ± 1.0 urn and a concentration between 40% and 90% of particles
less than 2.5 (im. These criteria must be met in order to continue the verification test series.
The second control test, the reference value test, is performed quarterly using the reference fabric and the
FEMA apparatus. The reference value test determines the weight gain of the reference fabric, as well as
the maximum AP (final residual pressure drop). The results of the test verified that the FEMA apparatus
was operating consistently within the required parameters. The average fabric maximum AP (average of
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Environmental Technology Verification Report
Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
the repeated measurements of final residual pressure drop conducted during the quarter applicable to this
test) in a reference value test must be 0.60 cm w.g. ± 40%, and the fabric weight gain average must be
1.12 g ± 40%. Three reference value control test runs were conducted. The results of the control tests are
summarized in Table 1.
Table 1. Summary of Control Test Results
—
Mass mean diameter, urn
% Less than 2.5 urn
Weight gain, g
Maximum pressure drop, cm w.g.
Requirement
1.5± 1.0
40%-90%
1.12 ±40%
0.60 ± 40%
Measured Value
2.35
53.16%
0.78
0.36
Criteria Met
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Beginning of table description. Table 1 is titled Summary of Control Test Results. The table lists the results of
measurements meant to characterize the operation of the test apparatus. The mass mean diameter of the challenge
aerosol, the percent less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, the weight gain of a reference fabric and the maximum
pressure drop of the reference fabric were measured. In columns, the table lists the QA/QC requirements, the values
measured during the control tests, and whether or not the criteria were met. For this test, all criteria were met. End of
table description.
2.4 Analysis
The equations used for verification analysis are described below.
Af
Cds
C2.5ds
dia.
Fa
Fs
G/C
Mt
M2.5
N
"avg
P,
PS
Qa
Qds
Q2.5ds
Qst
t
to
Ts
Wf
Wj
Exposed area of sample filter, m2
Dry standard outlet particulate concentration of total mass, g/dscm
Dry standard outlet particulate concentration of PM2 5, g/dscm
Diameter of exposed area of sample filter, m
Dust feed concentration corrected for actual conditions, g/m3
Dust feed concentration corrected for standard conditions, g/dscm
Gas-to-cloth ratio, m/h
Total mass gain from Andersen impactor, g
Total mass gain of particles equal to or less than 2.5 um diameter from Andersen impactor, g.
This value may need to be linearly interpolated from test data.
Number of filtration cycles in a given performance test period
Average residual AP, cm w.g.
Residual AP for /'th filtration cycle, cm w.g.
Absolute gas pressure as measured in the raw-gas channel, mbar
Actual gas flow rate, m3/h
Dry standard gas flow rate, dscmh
Dry standard gas flow rate for 2.5 urn particles, dscmh
Standard gas flow rate for a specific averaging time, t, dscmh
Specified averaging time or sampling time, s
Average filtration cycle time, s
Raw-gas channel temperature, °F
Weight of dust in feed hopper following specified time, g. Because of vibrations causing short-
term fluctuations to the feed hopper, this value is measured as a 1-min. average.
Weight of dust in feed hopper at the beginning of the specified time, g. Due to vibrations
causing short-term fluctuations to the feed hopper, this value is measured as a 1-min. average.
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Environmental Technology Verification Report
Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Conversion factors and standard values used in the equations are listed below.
460 = 0 °F, in °R
1,013 = Standard atmospheric pressure, mbar
528 = Standard temperature, °R
Area of Sample Fabric, Af
Af =
Actual Gas Flow Rate, Qa
~(?;+460)*1013
Qa=Qds*
Gas-to-Cloth Ratio, G/C
P. * 528
C Af
Standard Dust Feed Concentration, Fs, for a specified time, t
,.
~
Actual Raw Gas Dust Concentration, Fa
F =Ft
Dry Standard Clean Gas Particulate Concentration, Total Mass, Cds
M.
a, *t* i-
'ds
%H2O
100
Dry Standard Clean Gas Particulate Concentration, PM2 5 C2.5ds
M
C,
'2.5ds
(, %H2O
* f* 1 —
100
Filtration Cycle Time, tc
Average Residual Pressure Drop, P
avg
p =
"" N
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Environmental Technology Verification Report
Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
3.0 DESCRIPTION OF FILTER FABRIC
The Donaldson Company, Inc. Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media is a 10.5 ounces per square yard
(osy), polyester felt, self-supported filter media. Figure 2 is a photograph of the fabric. Sample material
was received as nine 46 x 91 cm (18 x 36 in.) swatches marked with the manufacturer's model number,
year and month of manufacture, and cake side (the upstream side of the fabric, which is exposed to the
particle-laden air, on which the filter cake builds up). Three of the swatches were selected at random for
preparing three circular test specimens 150 mm (5.9 in.) in diameter.
Donaldson Company, Inc
PC# 0701607
10.5 osy, Polyester Felt
Figure 2. Photograph of Donaldson Company Inc.'s Dura-Life #0701607 Filtration Media.
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
4.0 VERIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE
4.1 Quality Assurance
The verification tests were conducted in accordance with an approved test/QA plan.2 The EPA quality
manager conducted an independent assessment of the test laboratory in June 2005 and found that the test
laboratory was equipped and operated as specified in the test/QA plan.
The ETS QA officer and the APCT Center's QA staff have reviewed the results of this test and have
found that the results meet the overall data quality objectives as stated in the test/QA plan.
Data on calibration certificates for the flow meters, flow transducers, weights, low- and high-resolution
balances, thermometer, and humidity logger are maintained at ETS in a separate data package.
Deviations from the test plan include organizational personnel changes.
The ETS QA officer and the APCT Center's QA staff have also reviewed the results of the control tests,
which are summarized in Section 2.3, Table 1. The dust characterization control test met the appropriate
requirements of the test/QA plan and verification protocol. The reference fabric tests met maximum AP
and weight gain requirements established for reference fabric performance in the GVP, indicating the
measurement system is operating in control.
4.2 Results
Table 2 summarizes the mean outlet particle concentration measurements for the verification test periods.
Measurements were conducted during the 6-hour performance test period. The performance test period
followed a 10,000-cycle conditioning period and a 30-cycle recovery period.
Table 2 summarizes the three verification tests that were performed under standard verification test
conditions. The average residual AP across each filter sample at the nominal 120 m/h (6.6 fpm) filtration
velocity [for a flow rate of 5.8 m3/h (3.4 cfin)] is also shown in Table 2. This AP ranged from 2.03 to 2.09
cm w.g. (0.80 to 0.82 in. w.g.) for the three filter samples tested. The residual AP increase ranged from
0.17 to 0.24 cm w.g. (0.07 to 0.09 in. w.g.) for the samples tested. All three standard condition
verification runs were used to compute the averages given in Table 2. The PM25 outlet particle
concentration average for the three runs is 0.0001289 g/dscm. The total PM concentration average for the
three runs is 0.0001745 g/dscm.
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Environmental Technology Verification Report
Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Table 2. Summary of Verification Results for Donaldson Company Inc.'s Dura-Life #0701607
Filtration Media
Test Run Number
PM2.s (g/dscm)
Total PM (g/dscm)
Average residual A P (cm w.g.)
Initial residual A P (cm w.g.)
Residual A P increase (cm w.g.)
Mass gain of sample filter (g)
Average filtration cycle time (s)
Number of cleaning cycles
5V6-R1
0.0001091
0.0001668
2.03
1.92
0.19
1.88
158
137
5V6-R2
0.0001792
0.0002085
2.03
1.90
0.24
2.05
159
136
5V6-R3
0.0000983
0.0001482
2.09
2.01
0.17
1.84
181
119
Average3
0.0001289
0.0001745
2.05
1.94
0.20
1.92
166
131
3 All three verification runs were used to compute averages.
Beginning of table description. Table 2 is titled Summary of Verification Results for Donaldson Company Inc.'s Dura-
Life #0701607 Filtration Media. The table lists the verified test results for the three replicate test runs and their
averages. The table lists the particle concentrations downstream of the sample filters, the pressure drop
characteristics, the mass gain of the sample filter, the average filtration cycle time, and the number of cleaning cycles
during the test. In separate columns, results for these parameters are listed for each of the three test runs and their
averages. End of table description.
4.3 Limitations and Applications
This verification report addresses two aspects of BFP performance: outlet particle concentration and AP.
Users may wish to consider other performance parameters, such as service life and cost, when selecting a
baghouse filtration fabric for their application.
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
5.0 REFERENCES
1. RTI International. 2001. Generic Verification Protocol for Baghouse Filtration Products, RTI
International, Research Triangle Park, NC, February. Available
at http://www.epa.gov/etv/pubs/05 vpbfp.pdf (accessed January 4, 2012).
2. ETS Incorporated and RTI International. 2006. Test/QA Plan for the Verification Testing of
Baghouse Filtration Products (Revision 2), ETS Incorporated, Roanoke, VA, and RTI
International, Research Triangle Park, NC, February. Available
at http://www.epa.gov/etv/pubs/600etv06095.pdf (accessed January 4, 2012).
3. Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI). 1994. VDI 3926, Part 2, Testing of Filter Media for
Cleanable Filters under Operational Conditions, December 1994. Available from Beuth Verlag
GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany.
10
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Environmental Technology Verification Report Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
APPENDIX A: VENDOR COMMENTS
Donaldson Company, Inc. has been offered the opportunity to comment on the findings of this report.
Their comments are presented in Appendix A of the report and reflect their opinions. The Air Pollution
Control Technology Center and EPA do not necessarily agree or disagree with the vendor's comments
and opinions.
A-l
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Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
CONCERNS REGARDING ETV EVALUATION OF DONALDSON DURA-LIFE
#0701607 (OCTOBER 2011)
Submitted by: Mark Belcher
Engineering Manager - Filtration
Donaldson Company, Incorporated
September 10, 2012
This addendum summarizes Donaldson Company, Inc.'s concerns regarding test results generated for the
attached verification report. DCI chooses to not publish a verification statement (per terms of the
contract), in order to address these concerns.
HISTORY
DCI has evaluated their proprietary filter media, Dura-Life, many times over several years; these tests
were conducted by ETS, the organization that conducts the ETV testing for the Environmental Protection
Agency. The results of tests through 2010 fell in a consistent band, with mean PM25 penetration levels
never exceeding .0000479 (see Table A-l, below). Also shown in the table are results of testing in 2011,
when samples of this media were submitted for official certification. The results indicated significantly
higher penetration concentrations; on the order of three times higher than previous results.
Table A-1. Summary of Dura-Life Test Results (2001 - 2011)
ETS, Inc. Test Summary
Test Date
Mean Outlet Particle Cone.,
PM2.s (g/dscm)
Mean Outlet Particle Cone.,
Total PM (g/dscm)
2001
EPA/ETV
Durapex
9/25/2001
0.0000423
0.0000676
2004
ETS
Dura-Life #1
03/01/2004
0.0000479
0.0000556
2004
ETS
Dura-Life #2
03/18/2004
0.0000250
0.0000250
2010
ETS
Dura-Life
11/10/2010
0.0000324
0.0000324
2011
EPA/ETV
Dura-Life
#0701607
10/28/2011
0.0001289
0.0001745
Beginning of table description. Table A-1 is titled Summary of Dura-Life Test Results (2001 - 2001). The table lists
verified ETV results and other unverified results for five tests. The table lists the test date, the mean PM2.5 particle
outlet concentration, and the mean total particle outlet concentration. In separate columns, results are listed for five
tests over the years 2001 through 2011. End of table description.
ANALYSIS
DCI questioned these results as an anomaly, and worked with EPA and the testing facility to review the
test protocol. No specific issues were identified, although it was proposed that variations in media
permeability could affect the filtration performance.
At this point, the APCT Center, ETS, and DCI all agreed that further testing may be required to further
explain these results. ETS had retained the original test samples from the tests run in 2010 and 2011, and
DCI agreed to fund repeat testing of these specific samples. Since the 2011 data was an average of three
discrete tests, DCI chose to re-analyze using the sample with performance closest to the average. Repeat
tests were run on adjacent areas of the original media samples from 2010 and 2011. The results of this
testing are shown in Table A-2, on the next page.
A-2
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Environmental Technology Verification Report
Donaldson Company, Inc., Dura-Life #0701607
Table A-2. Dura-Life Retest Results (2011 - 2012)
ETS, Inc. Test Summary
Test Date
Mean Outlet Particle Cone.,
PM2.5 (g/dscm)
Mean Outlet Particle Cone., Total
PM (g/dscm)
2010
ETS
Original
11/10/2010
0.0000324
0.0000324
2012
ETS
Retest of 20 10
1/28/2012
0.0000047*
0.0000125*
2011
EPA/ETV
Original
10/28/2011
0.0001091
0.0001668
2012
ETS
Retest of 20 11
1/28/2012
0.0000282
0.0000315
* Below Method Detection Limit of 0.0000167 g/dscm
Beginning of table description. Table A-2 is titled Dura-Life Retest Results (2011 -2012). The table compares original
test results from years 2010 and 2011 to retest results from year 2012. The table lists the test date, the mean PM2.5
particle outlet concentration, and the mean total particle outlet concentration. In separate columns, results are listed
for original and retest data. End of table description.
In the repeat of the 2011 test (the test in question), the new penetration values (right-hand column) fell to
approximately one fourth of the original values, and now fell in line with historical data. Curiously,
similar drops in penetration were found in the repeat test of the 2010 media (note that these penetration
values dropped below the Method Detection Limit).
OBSERVATIONS / INTERPRETATIONS
No explanation was found for the dramatic changes in efficiency of both samples. Earlier speculation that
permeability variations could be the cause lose credibility, because the penetrations dropped significantly
in both repeat tests while the sample areas were supplied from the same specific hand sheets.
Additionally, the magnitude of the drop in penetration exceeded that of the initial rise in penetration that
started this review; both samples would have required permeability variation at the extremes of all
previous samples in order to be the primary cause.
The fact that both repeat tests indicated similar dramatic drops in penetration points to influence by an
outside factor, similar to multiplying by a constant. Based on the observations, Donaldson interprets this
data as an indication that the variability caused by the test method itself, even though the cause of this
variation is not defined. As such, the data generated in this verification report should be considered as
invalid.
A-3
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