FY20I4
EPA Budget in Brief
United States Environmental Protection Agency
www.epa.gov
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United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of the Chief Financial Officer (27 I OA)
Publication Number: EPA-1 90-S-1 3-00 I
April 2013
www.epa.gov
Printed with vegetable-oil-based inks and is
100-percent postconsumer recycled material, chlorine-free-processed and recyclable.
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PAGE
Overview 1
Summary Resource Charts
EPA's FY 2014 Budget by Goal 11
EPA's FY2014 by Appropriation 12
EPA's Resource History 13
EPA's Resources by Major Category 14
Highlights of Major Budget Changes 15
Goals
Goal 1: Taking Action on Climate Change and Improving Air Quality 23
Goal 2: Protecting America's Waters 35
Goal 3: Cleaning Up Communities and Advancing Sustainable Development ...49
Goal 4: Ensuring the Safety of Chemicals and Preventing Pollution 65
Goal 5: Enforcing Environmental Laws 73
Appendices
Summary Resource Tables
EPA's Resources by Appropriation 87
EPA's Program/Projects by Program Area 89
Highlighted Programs
Categorical Grants 103
STAG (State and Tribal Assistance Grants) 105
Estimated SRF Obligations by State (FY 2012 - FY 2014) 113
Infrastructure Financing 117
Trust Funds (Superfund, Leaking Underground Storage Tanks) 123
List of Acronyms 129
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Mission
The mission of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
is to protect human health and the environment.
Budget in Brief Overview
The mission of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is to protect human health
and the environment by keeping pollution out of the air we breathe, toxins out of the
water we drink and swim in, and harmful chemicals out of the food we eat and the lands
where we build our homes and our communities. The agency's FY 2014 budget request
supports new directions in transforming our work as well as critical core efforts in the
agency's priorities. Advancing environmental justice and achieving transparency in
agency decision-making are an integral part of achieving our mission.
Environmental challenges and health threats have the capacity to limit opportunity and
hold back the progress of entire communities. The environmental impact of disasters,
both natural and man-made, whether regional or local in scale, reinforce the critical
importance of fulfilling the EPA's mission and providing the safeguards that the
American people look to the agency to deliver. We will meet these challenges by using
the best available scientific information and ensuring fair and effective enforcement of
environmental laws. By instituting transformational changes to how we do our work
made possible by advances in technology, we will be able to provide all parts of
society—communities, individuals, businesses, and federal, state, local, and tribal
governments—access to accurate information so that they may participate effectively in
managing human health and environmental risks. The EPA's work is guided by the best
possible data and research and a commitment to transparency and the accountability
that comes with it.
The EPA strives to be a good steward of taxpayer resources and to deliver
environmental protection in the most efficient way. To learn more about how the agency
accomplishes its mission, including information on the organizational structure and
regional offices, visit: http://www2.epa.gov/aboutepa/.
FY 2014 Annual Performance Plan and President's Budget (including FY 2012
Annual Performance Report)
The EPA's FY 2014 Annual Performance Plan and President's Budget requests $8.153
billion, $296 million or 3.5 percent below FY 2012 Enacted funding. The EPA's budget
request includes a balanced approach to meeting our core program responsibilities in
FY 2014 and into the future by investing in transformational change and making
necessary reductions to programmatic spending and significant cuts to infrastructure
financing. As part of adapting to the current fiscal reality, the FY 2014 budget focuses
on core work and significantly reduces or eliminates programs where the mission has
been largely achieved or can be accomplished by other organizations - either public or
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private. The budget also reflects savings from program and operational efficiencies,
changes to the EPA's workforce, and continued efforts to manage the EPA's real estate
footprint.
In FY 2014, the EPA seeks to maintain the strength of federal, state and tribal core
programs. The agency recognizes the difficult fiscal situation the nation is facing and
made very difficult decisions resulting in reductions to support for water infrastructure
and other select activities within the EPA's operating budget. This budget proposes
large strategic reductions that allow continued support for our established priorities and
core work to sustain necessary and fundamental human health and environmental
protection. Recognizing the limitations of the federal budget and the declining resources
of the states, the agency will continue to implement strategies that use resources more
efficiently and find opportunities to focus and leverage efforts at all levels to achieve
results. This budget highlights actions to reduce costs and redirect our resources to
higher priorities across programmatic lines.
An essential aspect of the FY 2014 budget is our investment in transformational change
to how we do our work; adapting and embracing opportunities for innovation and
reinvention. The budget identifies resources critical to this process and to achieving a
more efficient way to deliver environmental protections and the vision of a Government
of the 21st Century. Changing business, technology, and resource challenges require
the EPA to take a new approach to accomplish our mission.
The EPA strives to connect the results we have achieved to our planning and budgeting
decisions and to support our overall strategic direction and priorities. The EPA's FY
2012 performance information is highlighted throughout the budget request.
FY 2014 Funding Priorities
Support for Core Mission and Priorities
The FY 2014 Annual Performance Plan and Budget of $8.153 billion invests in
transformational change to how we do our work and where we do it, provides resources
critical to dealing with tomorrow's challenges today, funds our core programs to
advance our priorities, and maintains support for states and tribes. Our FY 2014 request
will continue our progress in clean air and climate change, protecting the nation's
waters, supporting sustainable water infrastructure, protecting our lands, ensuring the
safety of chemicals, and realizing the benefits of technology by implementing the Next
Generation Compliance initiative designed to transform enforcement and compliance
approaches and improve environmental protection. Additional details and supporting
information can be found in the program descriptions.
E-Enterprise
A total of $60 million across the agency supports this effort in FY 2014. The
vision of E-Enterprise is a world where businesses routinely conduct
environmental business transactions with regulators electronically. The EPA will
develop a single portal where "customers" register to conduct business with the
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EPA, much like online banking. The system will "push" tailored information out to
customers based on their unique needs. They will be able to go online to apply
for permits, check compliance status, report their emissions, and learn about new
regulations that may apply to them. A goal of E-Enterprise is to replace outdated,
paper-reporting with integrated e-reporting systems using advanced technology
and shared IT services. The paperwork and regulatory reporting burden would be
reduced by more efficient collection, reporting, and use of data, plus regulatory
revisions to eliminate redundant or obsolete information requests.
Through a combination of e-reporting and regulatory streamlining, the regulatory
reporting burden would be reduced while simultaneously giving industry,
government and the public better information on sources, pollutant releases and
environmental conditions. E-Enterprise will enable local communities to have
quicker and broader access to information about environmental conditions and
pollution sources in their neighborhoods. The effectiveness of collaboration
between the EPA and states will be enhanced, resulting in more effective public
programs.
Enforcement and Compliance
In FY 2014, the EPA seeks to maintain the strength of its core national
enforcement and compliance assurance program. Recognizing the challenging
fiscal climate at both the federal and state level, the agency will implement
strategies to use resources more efficiently and find opportunities to focus and
leverage efforts to assure compliance with environmental laws. The EPA has
achieved impressive pollution control and health benefits through vigorous
compliance monitoring and enforcement, but the sheer number of regulated
facilities and the contribution of large numbers of smaller sources of pollution,
combined with federal and state budget constraints, means that the EPA needs
to find approaches that go beyond the traditional single facility inspection and
enforcement model to ensure widespread compliance.
In light of fiscal constraints, there is a need to innovate so the EPA can achieve
gains in compliance over the long-term. The EPA is developing and
implementing new methods based on advances in both monitoring and
information technology that will improve compliance and our ability to focus on
the most serious violations. This initiative, Next Generation Compliance, includes
five key components: the use of state-of-the-art monitoring technology to detect
pollution problems; leveraging electronic reporting to enhance government
efficiency and reduce paperwork and regulatory reporting burden; enhancing
transparency so the public is aware of facility and government environmental
performance; implementing innovative enforcement approaches; and structuring
regulations to be more effective in facilitating improved compliance. Next
Generation Compliance complements E-Enterprise.
Climate Change
A request of $176.5 million for climate change supports the President's
commitment to address this important challenge. This level of funding, $8.1
million above FY 2012, will support efforts across multiple EPA programs to
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address the impacts of climate change. Funding will allow the agency to continue
to support a mix of voluntary and regulatory approaches to reducing greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions. The ENERGY STAR program, the Global Methane
Initiative, the GHG Reporting Rule, Clean Air Act permits, and state and local
technical assistance and partnership programs, such as SmartWay, will all help
reduce GHGs.
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) report, Adapting to the Impacts of
Climate Change1 highlights the impacts to environmental systems that are crucial
to our social and economic well-being. The report indicates that climate change
is associated with increased flooding, prolonged drought, more severe heat
waves, more frequent wildfires, and changes in wetland, forest, and grassland
habitats. These events result in substantial economic consequences through the
contamination of drinking water resources, impaired air and water quality, and
reduced capacity of ecosystems to provide the services to society that we
depend upon. Better information about the severity and extent of these impacts
will enable the EPA to achieve its goals in environmental and human health
protection.
The EPA will consider the results of a range of international assessments to
address climate impacts of short-lived climate forcers. These traditional air
pollutants, including black carbon, a constituent of particulate matter (PM), and
ozone have an immediate impact on climate. Reducing emissions of these
pollutants can reap immediate climate and public health benefits. The EPA's
work to establish the new fuel and national emissions standards to reduce
emissions of air pollution and educate consumers on the ways their actions affect
the environment have led to real success stories. The most recent, the new
corporate average fuel economy (cafe) standards, require cars and light trucks to
get a minimum of 54.5 miles to the gallon starting with the model year 2025 -
saving 12 billion barrels of oil and eliminating 6 billion metric tons of carbon
dioxide pollution, along with saving consumers $1.7 trillion at the pump over the
life of the program.
Improving Air Quality
The EPA is dedicated to protecting and improving the quality of the nation's air to
promote public health and protect the environment. Improving air quality has
important economic benefits for American citizens. Scientific studies have linked
climate change to worsening air quality, which is linked to adverse impacts such
as reduced productivity through missed work and school days, increased hospital
visits, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and even premature death -
especially for certain vulnerable populations like the elderly, the poor, and
children. The EPA's budget includes resources that will be dedicated to
improving air quality in FY 2014, maintaining the progress already made over the
last several years.
1 http://dels.nas.edu/resources/static-assets/materials-based-on-reports/reports-in-
brief/Adapting_Report_Brief_fmal.pdf
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In FY 2014, the EPA will continue its Clean Air Act prescribed responsibilities to
administer the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) by taking federal
oversight actions and by developing regulations and policies to ensure continued
health and welfare protections. The EPA will maintain support for core work in
particulate matter (PM) NAAQS to include the 2012 PM NAAQS revisions; the
new Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS2) program; and implementing the Energy
Policy Act (EPAct) of 2005 and the Energy Independence and Security Act
(EISA) of 2007. We will continue work addressing risks and exposures to air
toxics from multiple sources and fulfilling Clean Air Act and court-ordered
obligations. Funding also supports our continued efforts in indoor air,
stratospheric ozone and radiation programs.
Protecting America's Waters
The EPA's ecosystem protection programs encompass a wide range of
approaches that address specific at-risk regional areas and larger categories of
threatened systems, such as urban waters, estuaries, and wetlands. Locally
generated pollution, combined with pollution carried by rivers and streams and
through air deposition, can accumulate in these ecosystems and degrade them
over time. The EPA and its federal partners along with states, tribes,
municipalities, and private parties, will continue efforts to restore the integrity of
the impaired waters of the United States as part of the agency's mission and also
in recognition of the expected long-term benefits of healthy aquatic systems as
economic cornerstones vital to property values, tourism, recreational and
commercial fishing, and hunting.
From nutrient loadings and stormwater runoff to invasive species, energy
extraction, and drinking water contaminants, water quality programs face
complex challenges that can be addressed effectively only through a combination
of traditional and innovative strategies. The EPA will continue to work hand-in-
hand with states and tribes to develop and implement nutrient limits; focus on
Total Maximum Daily Loads2 (TMDLs) and National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) permits; and continue to strengthen the nationwide
monitoring network.
Resources for core program work will support continued progress and lead to
important milestones and improvements in FY 2014. The EPA will complete
statistically valid surveys of the nation's waters and develop or publish the
National Rivers and Streams Assessment3 (monitoring in 2014; due in 2016), the
National Wetland Condition Assessment4 (due in 2014), and the National Lakes
Assessment (due FY 2015). The EPA will continue to promote the application of
new reporting, monitoring and assessment tools to support the integration of
federal, regional, state and local monitoring efforts for water quality management.
For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/lawsguidance/cwa/tmdl/index.cfm.
3 For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/rsl/monitoring/riverssurvev/index.cfm
4 For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/wetlands/assessment/survev/index.cfm.
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The EPA Water Quality Exchange5 launched in 2007 allows states, tribes and
other organizations to share their monitoring data over the Internet.
The EPA will continue to emphasize watershed stewardship, watershed-based
approaches, water efficiencies and best practices. The EPA will focus specifically
on green infrastructure, nutrients, and trading among point sources and nonpoint
sources for water quality improvements and urban waters. In FY 2014, the
agency will advance the water quality monitoring initiative under the Clean Water
Act and develop important rules and implementation activities under the Safe
Drinking Water Act. Related efforts to improve monitoring and surveillance will
help advance water security nationwide. As part of our transformational change
efforts under E-Enterprise, the request includes $2.2 million to replace the EPA-
operated SDWIS/Fed with SDWIS Next-Gen. This will enable electronic data
exchange among laboratories, states, and EPA; more efficient reporting and
display of drinking water quality; and a reduction in the cost of the system over
time.
Much remains to be done, and progress is incremental; the most recent impaired
waters listing numbered over 41,000. The 2012 Coastal Conditions survey found
our nation's coasts in fair condition, essentially the same as the last report four
years ago. Great Lakes' conditions were rated the lowest, although this
Administration's Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) is yielding
improvements. This effort has contributed to the removal of 21 Beneficial Use
Impairments at 12 different Great Lakes Areas of Concern, meeting the EPA's
cumulative target of 33 for this measure and exceeding the GLRI Action Plan
target.6 In FY 2014, EPA will fund the Great Lakes effort at $300 million. Overall
geographic programs are funded at $410.9 million and include $73 million for
Chesapeake Bay, another significant national effort.
Sustainable Water Infrastructure
The Clean Water and Drinking Water State Revolving Funds are provided $1.912
billion in FY 2014, a $472 million reduction from FY 2012. As part of the
Administration's long-term strategy, the EPA is implementing a Sustainable
Water Infrastructure Policy that focuses on working with states and communities
to enhance technical, managerial and financial capacity which also addresses
"green infrastructure" options and their multiple benefits. Federal dollars provided
through the State Revolving Funds will act as a catalyst for efficient system-wide
planning and ongoing management of sustainable water infrastructure. New
infrastructure improvement projects for public drinking water systems are
supported by $817 million for the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund and by
$1.095 billion for public water treatment systems under the Clean Water State
Revolving Fund.
5 For more information, visit: http://www.epa.gov/storet/wqx/.
6 Results are achieved through GLRI funding as well as other non-GLRI federal and/or state funding.
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Protecting Our Land
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue its core program work to cleanup, redevelop,
and revitalize contaminated sites through the Superfund, Brownfields, RCRA
Corrective Action, and Leaking Underground Storage Tanks programs. Many
communities across the country regularly face risks posed by intentional and
accidental releases of hazardous substances into the environment. To address
exposures to releases that have already occurred and/or will occur in the future,
the EPA will continue to identify and implement opportunities to integrate and
leverage the full range of the agency's land cleanup authorities to accelerate the
pace of cleanups, address a greater number of contaminated sites, and put these
sites back into productive use while protecting human health and the
environment. One example is the $0.3 million increase to support Strong Cities,
Strong Communities to provide guidance, technical assistance and analytical
support to local efforts to update land use codes to support the economic
trajectory of the community and better catalyze economic redevelopment.
The Superfund program protects the American public and its resources by
cleaning up contaminated sites which pose an imminent or long-term risk of
exposure and harm to human health and the environment. In FY 2014, the
agency will maintain the funding level necessary to respond to emergency
releases of hazardous substances as well as maintain the goal of sites achieving
human exposure and groundwater migration under control at cleanup sites. As of
October 2012, the EPA had controlled human exposures to contamination at
1,361 National Priority List sites.
The EPA also will continue to implement its Community Engagement Initiative to
ensure transparent and accessible decision-making processes, deliver
information that communities can use to participate meaningfully, and help the
EPA produce outcomes that are responsive to community perspectives and that
ensure timely cleanup decisions. Also increasing transparency and creating
efficiencies, the e-Manifest system will reduce paperwork burden for firms
regulated under RCRA's hazardous waste provisions by a range of $77 million to
$126 million annually and provide access to key information about hazardous
wastes being transported. System development will begin for this component of
E-Enterprise in FY2014.
Ensuring the Safety of Chemicals
Ensuring the safety of new or existing chemicals in commerce to protect the
American people remains a key EPA priority. Chemicals are ubiquitous in our
everyday lives and products. They are used in the production of everything from
our homes and cars to the cell phones we carry and the food we eat. Chemicals
often are released into the environment as a result of their manufacture,
processing, use, and disposal. The $686.2 million requested in FY 2014 will allow
the EPA to sustain its success in managing the potential risks of new chemicals
entering commerce without impacting progress in assessing and ensuring the
safety of existing chemicals.
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In FY 2014, the approach focuses on: 1) using all available authorities under the
Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to take immediate and lasting action to
eliminate or reduce identified chemical risks and develop proven safer
alternatives; 2) using regulatory mechanisms to fill remaining gaps in critical
exposure data and increasing transparency and public access to information on
TSCA chemicals; and 3) using data from all available sources to conduct detailed
chemical risk assessments on the chemicals EPA identified in its TSCA Work
Plan to determine which risk management actions may be needed and why. The
EPA's pesticide licensing program will continue to evaluate new pesticides before
they reach the market and will continue to ensure that pesticides already in
commerce are safe when used in accordance with the label.
Achieving an environmentally sustainable future demands that the EPA address
today's environmental problems while simultaneously preparing for long-term
challenges. These efforts support the development and employment of
approaches for alternative sustainable product formulations found by studying
chemical life cycles to address issues of cumulative risk, environmental chemical
mixtures, population-vulnerability, and environmental justice, as related to
exposure disparities. Chemical safety research is directed to manage the risks
arising from exposure to hazardous chemical substances. In FY 2014, the EPA
will continue the multi-year transition away from the traditional assays used in the
endocrine disrupter screening program through efforts to validate and use
computational toxicology and high throughput screening methods. This is
expected to allow the agency to more quickly, efficiently, and cost-effectively
assess potential chemical toxicity.
Supporting State and Tribal Partners
Supporting our state and Tribal partners, the primary implementers of
environmental programs on the ground, is a long-held priority of the EPA.
Funding to states and tribes in the State and Tribal Assistance Grants (STAG)
account continues to be the largest percentage of the EPA's budget request, at
nearly 40 percent in FY 2014. The FY 2014 budget includes a total of $1.136
billion in categorical grants, an increase of $47 million over FY 2012 levels.
These funds support core regulatory program work conducted by states and
tribes essential to maintaining hard won progress in environmental and human
health protection in the air, water, waste management, and pesticides programs.
The request also will provide a much needed increase for Tribal governments in
building environmental protection program capacity. In FY 2014, the request
includes resources for our state, local and Tribal partners, as part of the E-
Enterprise Initiative, to build integrated data systems that will reduce burden on
industry and improve services for the regulated community and the public.
Priority Science and Research
Science and research continue to be the foundation of all our work at the EPA.
The Research and Development program's integrated and cross-disciplinary
organization of the scientific research programs provide a systems' perspective
that leverages expertise to address the multi-dimensional challenges facing the
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agency, increasing the benefits from high-quality science. Superior science leads
to shared solutions; everyone benefits from clean air and clean water. Rigorous
science leads to innovative solutions to complex environmental challenges. In FY
2014, the EPA is focusing research on the most critical issues facing the agency,
ensuring the best scientific underpinning for regulatory actions and finding more
sustainable solutions for environmental issues. These include assessing the
human health and environmental impacts of energy production and use;
minimizing the impacts of climate change; and developing effective, systems-
based watershed management approaches as well as forward-looking national,
regional and community level strategies for green infrastructure, chemical safety
and other innovative alternative practices.
One area of continued importance in FY 2014 is hydraulic fracturing. Energy and
mineral extraction and production are important to the nation's economy but also
have the potential to impact surface and subsurface water resources. Multiple
federal agencies are engaged in hydraulic fracturing (HF) research, and the EPA
is committed to collaborating across agencies. In FY 2014 HF research will focus
on understanding and preventing the potential negative impacts of associated
activities on water resources. The EPA will publish the Impacts of Hydraulic
Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources draft report that is expected for release
in the late calendar year of 2014. This report will outline the results of research
focused on whether HF has adverse effects on drinking water resources, and, if
so, what the driving factors are.
Eliminations and Efficiencies
Recognizing the tight limits on discretionary spending across government, the EPA has
evaluated and reprioritized its work and made necessary adjustments to focus FY 2014
resources toward the agency's highest priorities and most critical needs. These
reductions and eliminations and the projected impacts are described in fuller detail in
appropriate sections of the FY 2014 Justification of Appropriation.
Eliminations
The EPA continues to examine its programs to find those that have served their
purpose and accomplished their mission. The FY 2014 budget proposes the elimination
of programs totaling $54 million. Many of these were included as elimination in the FY
2013 President's Budget including: the Clean Automotive Technology Program; Beach
categorical grants; Environmental Education; State Indoor Radon Grants; the Support to
Other Federal Agencies program within Superfund; and the Fibers program. As a
continuation of this effort, in FY 2014, the SunWise program and the Greener Economy
programs also are proposed for elimination.
Efficiencies
As part of the overall effort to transform into the EPA of the 21st Century, EPA is
examining how it can do its work differently, both programmatically and administratively,
to achieve efficiencies and results. In addition to E-Enterprise, the EPA has been taking
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a series of important steps to lay the groundwork for longer-term efficiencies. Major
projects include continued enhancement of collaboration tools and IT systems,
implementing Regional Centers of Expertise and consolidating or reconfiguring our
space (including the Las Vegas facilities), all of which will help ensure the best use of
human and financial resources. The EPA is continuing the effort to analyze staffing
levels and deploy human resources to achieve the agency's mission more effectively
and efficiently. To that end, the FTE request of 16,870 in the FY 2014 budget is the
lowest in 20 years.
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Environmental Protection Agency's
FY 2014 Budget by Goal
Total Agency: $8,153 Million
Goal 5
10.3%^
Goall
13.1%
Goal 4
8.4%
Goal 3
23.2%
0 Goal 1: Taking Action on Climate Change and Improving Air Quality
n Goal 2: Protecting America's Waters
n Goal 3: Cleaning Up Our Communities
n Goal 4: Ensuring the Safety of Chemicals and Preventing Pollution
0 Goal 5: Enforcing Environmental Laws
Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.
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Environmental Protection Agency's
FY 2014 Budget by Appropriation
Total Agency: $8,153 Million
STAG
$3,154 M
LUST
$99 M
1.2%
SF.
14.5%
Oil
$21 M
0.3%
eManifest
$2M
EPM
34.5%
B&F
$54 M
0.7%
.IG
$45 M
0.6%
Q Science & Technology
O Inspector General
G Inland Oil Spill Programs
a Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
OeManifest
O Environmental Programs & Management
O Buildings & Facilities
a Superfund
a State & Tribal Assistance Grants
Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.
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EPA's Enacted Budget FY 2002 to 2014
(Dollars in Billions)
$0.0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013CR 2014
Notes: Fiscal Year
FY 2002 Enacted includes $175.6 M provided for Homeland Security in the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act.
FY 2006 Enacted excludes hurricane supplemental funding.
FY2009 Enacted excludesARRA funding.
FY 2013 CR as of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriation of $608 million.
All Enacted Budgets include rescissions.
EPA's F7E* Ceiling History
18,500
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 201 SCR 2014
Fiscal Year
*FTE (Full Time Equivalent) = one employee working full time for a full year (52 weeks X 40 hours = 2,080 hours), or the equivalent number of
hours worked by several part-time or temporary employees.
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$12.0
$10.0
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0 --
$2.0 --
$0.0
Environmental Protection Agency's
Resources by Major Category
(Dollars in Billions)
D Infrastructure Financing
•Trust Funds
B Operating Budget
H Categorical Grants
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
EN EN EN EN EN EN EN EN CR PB
Notes:
Totals may not add due to rounding
The Operating Budget includes funding provided for the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative.
FY 2005 Enacted reflects 0.8% Rescission
FY 2006 Enacted reflects 0.476% rescission plus 1 % additional rescission and $80 M rescission to prior year funds.
Excludes $21 million in Hurricane Katrina Supplemental funding
FY 2008 Enacted includes a 1.56% rescission and $5 M rescission to prior year funds
FY 2009 Enacted reflects a $10 M rescission to prior year funds
FY 2009 Enacted excludes ARRA funding
FY 2010 Enacted reflects a $40 M rescission to prior year funds
FY 2011 Enacted reflects a 0.2% rescission and $140 M rescission to prior year funds
FY2012 Enacted reflects a 0.16% rescission and $50 M rescission to prior year funds
FY 2013 CR as of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriation of $608 million.
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Highlights of Major Budget Changes
E-Enterprise
Total E-Enterprise funding in FY 2014 is $60 million.
Highlights include the following:
+$16.1 million in Exchange Network program to develop a single portal where "customers" would
register to conduct business with EPA similar to on-line banking. The system would "push" tailored
information out to customers based on their unique needs. It will create a single EPA infrastructure
that enables specific programs and state systems to allow businesses to routinely conduct electronic
environmental business transactions with regulators. They could go on-line to apply for permits,
check compliance, report their emissions, and learn about new regulations that could apply to them.
+$15.0 million in Compliance Monitoring and Civil Enforcement programs will reduce the regulatory
reporting burden on regulated entities and provide easier access to and use of environmental data.
Specific projects will support field work through a collection, evidence management, and reporting
system for conducting inspections. The system will leverage new monitoring technology and digital
services using e-reporting and interactive systems to reduce regulatory reporting burden while
simultaneously giving industry, government, and the public better information on sources of pollutant
releases and environmental conditions.
+$11.6 million in Environmental Information Grants for our state, local and Tribal partners to convert
to integrated data systems that will contribute to reducing regulatory reporting burden on industry and
improve services for the regulated community and the public. Grants will be used to assist with the
development of interactive and shared solutions that are more efficient to operate than current
reporting.
+$4.4 million in RCRA Waste Management within two appropriations accounts for development of an
e-Manifest system that will reduce paperwork reporting burden on industry and improve services for
the regulated community. When fully implemented, e-Manifest is projected to reduce reporting costs
for regulated businesses in the range of $77 to $126 million annually by converting the 5.1 million
paper manifests for hazardous waste shipments to a modern tracking and reporting system.
+$3.4 million in Water Pollution Control Grants (Sect. 106) is to support state E-Enterprise activities to
enhance management of electronic data and improved automation in screening and analysis of water
quality data.
+$3.4 million in Drinking Water Programs to be used to replace the EPA's SDWIS/Fed with a Next
Generation System that will be accessible to primacy agencies via the agency's central portal.
+$2.2 million in IT/Data Management for shared-IT solutions to support the National Enforcement and
Inspection System (NEIS). NEIS will provide EPA regional and state inspectors with the capability to
receive, analyze, and report information from the field, significantly reducing time and resources
needed to conduct inspections.
+$2.0 million in Federal Support for Air Quality Management to support the development of electronic
emissions reporting. This increase will enhance the agency's ability to collect electronic submissions
of emissions data directly from the sources subject to CAA regulations. This effort will contribute to
reducing the regulatory reporting burden and costs for industry, states, and federal activities.
+$1.6 million across Federal Vehicle and Fuels Standards and Certification, Chemical Risk Review
and Reduction and Protect Human Health from Pesticide Risk to create a shared system for data
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reporting from industries that submit directly to the EPA. The system will focus on simplifying
reporting for small businesses, while enabling larger businesses to more readily integrate their own
data to help eliminate duplicative data entry and streamline reporting.
Climate Change and Air Quality
Federal Support for Air Quality Management
(FY 2014 PB: $140.5M, FY 2012 Enacted: $130.1M, FY 2014 Change: +$10.4M)
Significant changes include:
+$3.2 million to support climate change efforts in the program such as greenhouse gas (GHG)
related issues for expanded PSD programs and Title V operating permits reviews by the Regional
Offices and sector- and source-specific guidance from headquarters, including guidance on
significant national policy issues.
+$2.0 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
Federal Vehicle and Fuels Standards and Certification
(FY 2014 PB: $100.4M, FY 2012 Enacted: $91.9M, FY 2014 Change: +$8.5M)
Significant changes include:
+$2.2 million to make further progress addressing climate change, by beginning the technical work
and analyses necessary to support GHG standards for non-road sources, such as locomotives,
marine craft, and aircraft. These funds also will update scientific tools needed to evaluate new biofuel
fuel technologies
+$2.1 million to address vulnerabilities in EPA's certification and compliance testing programs. These
vulnerabilities are the result of a more than four-fold increase in demand for EPA vehicle and engine
certifications since 1995, more challenging compliance oversight requirements, the increasing
diversity of sophisticated technologies, and the expanded universe of regulated parties that must be
monitored, particularly in the area of imported small engines. Currently, EPA conducts very limited
testing of small imported engines, yet a high fraction of those engines fail EPA's tests.
+$0.4 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
Climate Protection Program (EPM)
(FY 2014 PB: $106.2M, FY 2012 Enacted: $99.4M, FY 2014 Change: +$6.8M)
Significant changes include:
+$2.4 million for the ENERGY STAR program for oversight of the third-party certification system for
ENERGY STAR products and the implementation of the EPA's verification process for residential,
commercial and industrial buildings. The increase will improve quality control over the ENERGY
STAR product labeling program and revise product and building specifications to advance energy
efficiency.
• +$2.4 million to support the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program. The additional resources will allow
the agency to handle increases in the reporting and verification workload across the many industry
sectors and emission sources as well as our work with states.
Federal Stationary Source Regulations
(FY 2014 PB: $34.1M, FY 2012 Enacted: $27.3M, FY 2014 Change: +$6.8M)
+$4.7 million of the requested increase will provide additional resources to ensure that the EPA will
meet court-ordered deadlines and work on statutory deadlines to issue stationary source regulations.
This increase will allow the EPA to more efficiently coordinate actions to meet multiple CAA
objectives for controlling both criteria and toxic air pollutants while considering cost effectiveness, the
technical feasibility of controls, and provide greater certainty for regulated industry.
+$2.2 million will support climate change efforts in this program. The agency will use the latest
science and data to make determinations whether regulation of GHG emissions from certain source
categories is warranted, and to begin rulemakings as appropriate.
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Climate Protection (S&T)
(FY 2014 PB: $8.3M, FY 2012 Enacted: $16.3M, FY 2014 Change: -$8.0M)
In the FY 2013 budget, EPA proposed eliminating funding associated with the EPA's Clean
Automotive Technology (CAT) program. The Agency again proposes this in FY 2014 in order to
support the growing workload in vehicle, engine, and fuel standards certification at the Ann Arbor
laboratory, while also saving $8.0 M.
In FY 2014, other Federal research programs such as DOE's Vehicles Technology program will
support the development of advanced technologies.
Expert staff and resources ($8.0 million) in the Climate Change program will implement necessary
compliance functions associated with new GHG emission standards for light-duty and heavy-duty
vehicles as well as needed actions for the NHTSA's new CAFE standards.
Diesel Emission Reduction Act (DERA) Grants
(FY 2014 PB: $6.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $30.0M, FY 2014 Change: -$24.0M)
Requested resources support a new approach, initiated in FY 2013, designed to transition the
program away from ongoing Federal support. The modified funding strategy will use rebates and
revolving loan funds to concentrate resources on communities in a limited set of high exposure areas
such as near ports and freight distribution hubs.
Radon Program (EPM)
(FY 2014 PB: $2.3M, FY 2012 Enacted: $3.9M, FY 2014 Change: -$1.6M)
-$1.5 million eliminates oversight for the State Indoor Radon Grants, which are also being eliminated,
and targets remaining resources to implement the Federal Radon Action Plan, a multi-year, multi-
agency strategy for reducing the risk from radon exposure by leveraging existing federal housing
programs and more efficiently implementing radon-related activities to have a greater impact on
public health.
America's Waters
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI)
(FY 2014 PB: $300.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $299.5M, FY 2014 Change: +$0.5M)
Requested resources support EPA-led interagency efforts that focus on priority environmental issues
such as toxic substances, nonpoint source pollution, habitat degradation and loss, and invasive
species. In FY 2014, special priority will be placed on cleaning up and de-listing Areas of Concern,
reducing phosphorus contributions from agricultural and urban lands that contribute to harmful algal
blooms and other water quality impairments, and invasive species prevention.
Chesapeake Bay Program
(FY 2014 PB: $73.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $57.3M, FY 2014 Change: +$15.7M)
Additional requested resources will increase implementation and accountability grants to the six
Chesapeake Bay states and the District of Columbia to facilitate work on Watershed Implementation
Plans and integration of state and local efforts, as well as an increase in monitoring grants.
Surface Water Protection
(FY 2014 PB: $213.3M, FY 2012 Enacted: $203.9M, FY 2014 Change: +$9.4M)
Requested resources will strengthen the EPA's full range of efforts to restore and maintain the
chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters. Resources will support partnerships
with states to address nonpoint source pollution including development and implementation of
TMDLs, water quality monitoring, NPDES permit issuance support and oversight, WaterSense new
product development, efforts to promote sustainability, and strengthening of water and wastewater
infrastructure. Resources also will support urban communities, especially underserved communities,
working to achieve their water restoration goals.
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Drinking Water Programs
(FY 2014 PB: $107.7M, FY 2012 Enacted: $102.3M, FY 2014 Change: +$5.4M)
Significant changes include:
+$3.4 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
+$0.9 million to provide resources to integrate environmental outreach activities through an intra-
agency workgroup to increase transparency about America's drinking water standards, pollution
runoff, improving water quality, and other critical environmental issues.
Wetlands
(FY 2014 PB: $27.7M, FY 2012 Enacted: $21.2M, FY 2014 Change: +$6.5M)
+$6.5 million will support the EPA's implementation of core Clean Water Act responsibilities under
Section 404, including timely review of Section 404 permits, science reviews needed for agency
decision-making, and support for state efforts to establish and implement effective wetlands
protection programs.
Geographic Programs
(FY 2014 PB: $30.8M, FY 2012 Enacted: $47.6M, FY 2014 Change: -$16.8M)
Decrease reflects reductions to the Geographic Programs for Puget Sound, Gulf of Mexico, Lake
Champlain, Long Island Sound, and San Francisco Bay.
Beach / Fish Programs
(FY 2014 PB: $0.7M, FY 2012 Enacted: $2.5M, FY 2014 Change: -$1.8M)
This decrease reflects the elimination of the Beach Program. The Beach Program has provided
important guidance and significant funding which successfully supported states and local
governments in establishing their own programs. Also includes a reduction to the Fish Advisory
Program. The EPA will redirect ongoing work where possible to the Food and Drug Administration
and encourage the states' implementation of their Fish Advisory Programs.
Marine Pollution
(FY2014 PB: $11.6M, FY2012 Enacted: $12.9M, FY2014 Change: -$1.3M)
This reflects a slight reduction to ocean monitoring and assessment activities.
Water Infrastructure
State Revolving Funds (SRFs)
(FY 2014 PB: $1,912.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $2,384.3M, FY 2014 Change: -$472.3M)
The FY 2014 Budget request of $1,912 million includes $1,095 million for the Clean Water SRF and
$817 million for the Drinking Water SRF. This funding level maintains the Administration's support for
the State Revolving Funds and brings the total to $20 billion for funds requested and/or received for
the SRFs since FY 2009.
State and Tribal Partnerships
State and Local Air Quality Management Grants
(FY 2014 PB: $257.2M, FY 2012 Enacted: $235.7M, FY 2014 Change: +$21.5M)
This increase provides funds to States to support the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule, facilitating
States' collection, review, and use of GHG emissions data. Additionally, funds will support GHG
permitting to provide state and local agencies the resources to review permit applications and issue
permits to large sources of greenhouse gas emissions.
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Water Pollution Control Grants (Sect. 106)
(FY 2014 PB: $258.7M, FY 2012 Enacted: $238.4M, FY 2014 Change: +$20.3M)
This increase is for states to improve their water quality programs relating to the management of
nutrients and includes $3.4 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
Environmental Information Grants
(FY2014 PB: $21.6M, FY2012 Enacted: $10.0M, FY2014 Change: +$11.6M)
This increase is to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
Tribal General Assistance Program (GAP) Grants
(FY 2014 PB: $72.6M, FY 2012 Enacted: $67.6M, FY 2014 Change: +$5.0M)
This reflects an increase in base funding available for GAP grants, which will: 1) increase the average
size of grants made to eligible tribes while providing tribes with a stronger foundation to build Tribal
capacity; and 2) further the EPA's partnership and collaboration with tribes to address a wider set of
program responsibilities and challenges.
Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Grants
(FY 2014 PB: $109.7M, FY 2012 Enacted: $105.3M, FY 2014 Change: +$4.4M)
This increase in the PWSS program supports replacement of the state operated Safe Drinking Water
Information System (SDWIS/State), a partner effort to the SDWIS/Fed E-Enterprise work under
Drinking Water programs. These funds will allow more efficient sharing of drinking water data
between states and the agency.
Evidence-Based Enforcement and Compliance Grants
(FY 2014 PB: $4.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $O.OM, FY 2014 Change: +$4.0M)
Resources will assist states in developing and implementing innovative measures for assessing the
performance of the enforcement and compliance assurance program and designing, implementing
and evaluating innovative enforcement tools and approaches.
Beaches Protection Categorical Grants
(FY 2014 PB: $O.OM, FY 2012 Enacted: $9.9M, FY 2014 Change: -$9.9M)
EPA is proposing to eliminate these grants. The EPA has worked with state, tribal, and territorial
governments for over ten years to develop their capacity to implement beach monitoring programs.
Many of these non-federal agencies now have the ability and knowledge to run their own programs
without federal support.
Radon Categorical Grants
(FY 2014 PB: $O.OM, FY 2012 Enacted: $8.0M, FY 2014 Change: -$8.0M)
EPA is proposing to eliminate these grants. This is a mature program that has achieved significant
progress over the 23 years of its existence in mitigating radon exposure and building capacity at the
local and state government level to continue radon protection efforts without federal support.
Enforcement and Compliance
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
(FY 2014 PB: $624.6M, FY 2012 Enacted: $582.6M, FY 2014 Change: +$42.0M)
Significant changes include:
+$15.0 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
+$6.4 million to maintain the capacity and support for case development, negotiation, and litigation.
+$4.1 million is for high priority activities such as conducting compliance inspections, maintaining
compliance monitoring tools for effective targeting and supporting EPA's enforcement data systems.
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+$4.0 million for Evidence-based Enforcement and Compliance grants as described above.
+$2.8 million to provide support for targeted, intelligence-led enforcement activities which will permit
agents to more quickly and effectively investigate complex criminal cases.
Chemical Safety
Chemical Risk Review and Reduction
(FY 2014 PB: $62.7M, FY 2012 Enacted $56.5M, FY 2014 Change: +$6.2M)
Significant changes include:
+$5.6 million to develop, peer review, and finalize risk assessments of additional TSCA work plan
chemicals and increase the pace of its review of existing TSCA confidential business information
cases.
+$0.6 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
Protect Human Health from Pesticide Risk
(FY 2014 PB: $61.8M, FY 2012 Enacted $61.5M, FY 2014 Change: +$0.3M)
Significant changes include:
+$0.6 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
Endocrine Disrupters
(FY 2014 PB: $6.9M, FY 2012 Enacted $8.3M, FY 2014 Change: -$1.4M)
This decrease reflects progress in the program as well as anticipates savings from the development
and implementation of the Computational Toxicology program. In the near term, computational
toxicology based approaches will enable the EPA to more efficiently prioritize chemicals for screening
and increase efficiency in identifying chemicals with the potential to disrupt the endocrine system.
Chemical Risk Management
(FY 2014 PB: $3.6M, FY 2012 Enacted $6.0M, FY 2014 Change: -$2.4M)
This decrease reflects elimination of the fibers program and a reduction to guidance to manage the
disposal of PCBs.
Healthy Communities
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
(FY 2014 PB: $117.8M, FY 2012 Enacted: $112.0M, FY 2014 Change: +$5.8M)
Significant changes include:
+$4.4 million to support the E-Enterprise initiative as described above.
Environmental Outreach
(FY 2014 PB: $5.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $O.OM, FY 2014 Change: +$5.0M)
$5.0 million request is to integrate environmental outreach activities into existing environmental
programs under a streamlined and coordinated approach across the Offices of Water, Air and
Radiation, Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, and Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Oil Spill: Prevention, Preparedness and Response
(FY 2014 PB: $17.1M, FY 2012 Enacted: $14.7M, FY 2014 Change: +$2.4M)
+$1.3 million to improve the federal capacity to prevent oil spills by conducting up to 34 additional
high-risk facility inspections, thereby providing additional protection of the oil storage network.
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Tribal Capacity Building
(FY 2014 PB: $15.2M, FY 2012 Enacted: $13.7M, FY 2014 Change: +$1.5M)
Requested resources support tribal capacity building efforts through development, support, and
implementation of planning tools and data management systems to identify environmental issues.
Community Action for a Renewed Environment (CARE)
(FY 2014 PB: $1.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $O.OM, FY 2014 Change: +$1.0M)
This requested increase will support awarding up to 10 CARE assistance agreements to communities
to improve local environmental and human health.
Brownfields Projects
(FY 2014 PB: $85.0M, FY 2012 Enacted: $94.8M, FY 2014 Change: -$9.8M)
This change reduces competitive grant funding for assessment, Revolving Loan Fund (RLF), cleanup
and Environmental Workforce Development and Job Training (EWDJT) program cooperative
agreements.
Environmental Education
(FY 2014 PB: $O.OM, FY 2012 Enacted: $9.7M, FY 2014 Change: -$9.7M)
No new activities or funding is planned for this program in FY 2014. The agency is eliminating its
Environmental Education program in order to focus resources on further integrating environmental
education activities into existing environmental programs.
Research
Research Program
(FY 2014 PB:$554.1M, FY 2012 Enacted:$567.5M, FY 2014 Change: -$13.4M)
Includes $8 million to expand work with DOE and the USGS under a memorandum of agreement on
hydraulic fracturing research which will analyze the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on air,
ecosystem and water quality.
Other increases for research include:
$4.1 million for research to develop processes and products that minimize the hazardous
impacts of the manufacture, use, and disposal of chemicals, including nanomaterials
$3.2 million for climate change research to understand the impacts of climate change on
human health and vulnerable ecosystems
$1.8 million to integrate both natural and built water infrastructure and green infrastructure
$1.3 million to expand our understanding of the potential impacts of biofuel production on
human health and ecosystems
Research decreases include:
$16.4 million from STAR/GRO fellowships, consistent with the Administration's proposal for
comprehensive reorganization of STEM programs to increase the outcomes of Federal
investments in graduate fellowships and undergraduate education
$2.3 million from drinking water research reduces competitively awarded center for research
on small drinking water systems and drinking water and water quality research for technical
support activities
$2.0 million from the EPA Laboratory Infrastructure Study obligated in 2013
$1.2 from endocrine disrupters research
$1.1 from beaches research, reflecting completion of required studies
$1.0 million from effects of cleaning materials in school settings on children's health
$1.0 million from community, children and minority population's health research
$1.0 million from drinking water and wastewater technologies demonstrations
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Superfund
Superfund Program
(FY2014 PB: $1,180.4M, FY2012 Enacted: $1,213.8M, FY2014 Change: -$33.4M)
Significant changes include:
-$25.9 million that downsizes and rebalances the overall Superfund Remedial program to give priority
to completing projects at various stages in the response process as opposed to starting new project
phases. The agency anticipates delays in the initiation of construction work at approximately another
10-15 projects, so that 40-45 projects will be potentially unfunded by the end of FY 2014.; however,
the EPA will continue to maintain the level of sites that reduce risk by achieving human exposures
under control and groundwater migration under control.
A reduction of $5.8 million results in the discontinuation of the automatic transfer of Superfund
funding to support other Federal Agencies. Funding may be pursued for Superfund-related support
services on an as-needed basis through inter-agency agreements.
Homeland Security
Homeland Security
(FY 2014 PB: $101.7M, FY 2012 Enacted: $101.8M, FY 2014 Change: -$0.1M)
Among other areas, this change includes a reduction to the Water Security Initiative as well as an
increase to support Regional Homeland Security Centers of Expertise for Water Teams. The EPA will
continue to maintain its existing state of preparedness to respond to events.
Facilities Infrastructure
Facilities Infrastructure and Operations (B&F)
(FY 2014 PB: $46.3M, FY 2012 Enacted: $29.3M, FY 2014 Change: +$17.0M)
+$5.0 million will support construction associated with the EPA's space consolidation effort which
must take place to enable the agency to reduce its footprint resulting in significant long term rent
savings.
+$12.0 million supports the construction design and engineering for a Las Vegas facility. The project
will consolidate EPA's Las Vegas employees that currently work in many leased facilities under a
single facility that will have a smaller footprint than the current leased locations and lower operating
and rent costs.
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Goal 1: Taking Action on Climate Change and Improving Air Quality
Strategic Goal: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop adaptation strategies
to address climate change, and protect and improve air quality.
Resource Summary
(Dollars in Thousands)
13.1% of Budget
1 - Address Climate Change
2 - Improve Air Quality
3 - Restore the Ozone Layer
4 - Reduce Unnecessary
Exposure to Radiation
Goal 1 Total
FY2012
Enacted
$199,950
$768,372
$17,965
$38,497
$1,024,783
FY2013
Annualized
CR
$201,056
$761,909
$17,990
$38,008
$1,018,962
FY 2014
President's
Budget
$212,914
$801,084
$17,735
$40,586
$1,072,319
Difference
FY 201 2 EN
to FY 201 4
PresBud
$12,964
$32,712
($230)
$2,089
$47,536
Workyears
2,718
2,719
2,759
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NOTE: Goal objectives include indirect costs. Goal totals may not add due to rounding. FY 2013 Annualized CR as
of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriations.
Introduction
The EPA is dedicated to protecting and improving the quality of the nation's air to
protect public health and the environment. The agency continues to partner with states,
local governments, and tribes to implement programs and standards. Air pollution
concerns are diverse and significant, and include: climate change, outdoor and indoor
air quality, stratospheric ozone depletion, and radiation protection.
Since passage of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) in 1990, nationwide air quality
has improved significantly. Levels of those pollutants linked to the greatest health
impacts continue to decline. From 2003 to 2011 population-weighted ambient
concentrations of fine particulate matter and ozone have decreased 26 percent and 16,
respectively. Despite this progress, in 2010, approximately 40 percent of the U.S.
population lived in counties with air that did not meet health-based standards for at least
one pollutant. Long-term exposure to elevated levels of certain air pollutants has been
associated with increased risk of cancer, premature mortality, and damage to the
immune, neurological, reproductive, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. Short-
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term exposure to elevated levels of certain air pollutants can exacerbate asthma and
lead to other adverse health effects and economic costs. The impact of degradation of
views in national and state parks is difficult to quantify but is likely to affect tourism and
quality of life.
The issues of highest importance facing the air program over the next few years will
continue to be greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation and climate change adaptation, and
ozone and particulate air pollution and their precursors. The program also works to
reduce interstate transport of these air pollutants, emissions from transportation
sources, toxic air pollutants, and indoor air pollutants. The EPA uses a variety of
approaches to reduce pollutants in indoor and outdoor air. Strategies include traditional
regulatory tools; innovative market-based techniques; public- and private-sector
partnerships; community-based approaches; voluntary programs that promote
environmental stewardship; and programs that encourage cost-effective technologies
and practices.
The EPA will continue to address the impacts of climate change through careful, cost-
effective rulemaking and voluntary programs that focus on the largest entities and
encourage businesses and consumers to limit unnecessary greenhouse gas emissions.
The EPA will continue to implement its Climate Change Adaptation Plan, released to the
public in February 2013, to meet the agencywide priorities on climate adaptation. The
climate is warming, as evidenced by observations published in the peer-reviewed
scientific literature that show increasing temperatures, rising sea levels, and widespread
melting of snow and ice. As the number of days with extremely hot temperatures
increases, severe heat waves are projected to intensify and lead to heat-related
mortality and sickness. The increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather
events also has caused mortalities across the country. Additionally, with time, more
Americans are likely to be affected by certain diseases that thrive in areas with higher
temperatures and greater precipitation, including pest-borne diseases and food and
water-borne pathogens. The costs of these impacts of climate change include increased
hospital visits, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and even premature death -
especially for certain vulnerable populations like the elderly, the poor, and children.
The EPA continues to implement a suite of climate change programs that work with key
industry sectors to reduce greenhouse gases and facilitate energy-efficiency
improvements. As an example of the EPA's voluntary partnerships, this past year the
ENERGY STAR program rolled out new and more rigorous requirements for homes to
earn the ENERGY STAR label. These new home specifications represent a multiyear
development process that redefined nearly every aspect of the program, which had
already labeled more than 1.3 million homes and achieved a 26 percent national market
share in 2011.
Among the most common and significant sources of air pollution are highway motor
vehicles and their fuels. The EPA establishes national emissions standards to reduce
air pollution from these sources. The agency also provides emissions and fuel economy
information for new cars to educate consumers on the ways their actions affect the
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environment. The EPA's motor vehicle GHG and renewable fuels standards have
already begun changing the cars Americans drive and the fuels they use. The supply
and diversity of biofuels in America grow every year, and new automobile technologies,
including several new plug-in hybrids and all-electric vehicles, continue to "hit the road."
The EPA, in coordination with the National Highway Transportation Safety
Administration (NHTSA), will continue to reduce GHGs from light-duty and heavy-duty
mobile sources. This national program is particularly important given that the White
House announced, in August 2012, a significant tightening of future fuel efficiency
standards. In model year 2025, the EPA and NHTSA standards will require average fuel
economy for cars and light trucks of approximately 54.5 miles to the gallon, a significant
increase from current average vehicle fuel efficiency. The national program of fuel
economy and greenhouse gas standards for model year 2011 through 2025 light-duty
vehicles will save approximately 12 billion barrels of oil and prevent 6 billion metric tons
of GHG emissions over the lifetimes of the vehicles sold through model year 2025.
The EPA's air toxic control programs are critical to continued progress in reducing
public health risks and improving the quality of the environment. The EPA will continue
to focus efforts on communities with greater levels of industrial and mobile source
activity (e.g., near ports or distribution areas), which, according to the 2005 National-
Scale Air Toxics Assessment, often have greater cumulative exposure to air toxics than
non-industrial areas. In 2013 and 2014, approximately 81 stationary source air toxics
rules are due for review under Section 112 of the CAA, of which 30 are on court-ordered
deadlines and are in some stage of development. To develop effective standards, the
EPA needs accurate information about actual emissions, their composition, specific
emission points, and transport into communities.
Because people spend much of their lives indoors, the quality of indoor air is a major
concern. For example, indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in making
asthma worse and triggering asthma attacks. Over 25 million Americans currently have
asthma, which annually accounts for over 500,000 hospitalizations, more than 10 million
missed school days, and over $50 billion in economic costs. In addition, indoor radon
causes an estimated 21,000 lung cancer deaths annually in the U.S.
Major FY 2014 Changes and Efficiencies
To address resource constraints, and continue funding critical priorities within resource
limits, the EPA carefully evaluated air program activities to assess where the pace of
progress could be slowed, where other governmental entities could provide needed
support, or where requested increases had not been appropriated. In FY 2014,
resources are focused on the agency's core statutory work to reduce public health risks
through standards setting, market-driven and partnership innovations, and support for
state and tribal partners. The requested FY 2014 resources will enable the agency to
maintain progress toward longer-term goals in critical areas.
• A request of $114.5 million for Climate Protection will allow the agency to
continue to reduce GHGs through approaches including ENERGY STAR, the
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Global Methane Initiative, the GHG Reporting Rule, and state and local technical
assistance and partnership programs, such as SmartWay.
• The agency is increasing its resources to issue and oversee increased numbers
of Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and Title V permits with new
requirements for GHG emissions control and permitting sources in Indian
country. The agency expects that it will review an increasing number of permits
issued by states, tribes, or local agencies and review changes to state, tribal, and
local PSD and Title V programs due to the incorporation of GHG provisions.
• The requested FY 2014 funding to improve air quality will enable the agency and
state and tribal partners to oversee compliance with air toxics regulations and
conduct core statutorily mandated work on the National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) for criteria pollutants.
• In FY 2014, the EPA requests $270 million in state and local air quality
management grant and tribal air quality management grant funding, an increase
of $21.5 million from the FY 2012 Enacted Budget for state and local air quality
management grant and tribal air quality management grants.
• The FY 2014 resources also will support review of criteria pollutant standards in
accordance with the statutory schedule and monitoring of the nation's air by EPA
and its state and tribal partners. The requested funding will allow the EPA to
continue to coordinate actions to meet multiple CAA objectives for controlling
both criteria and toxic air pollutants while considering their cost effectiveness and
technical feasibility, as well as providing greater certainty for regulated industry.
• In FY 2014, the EPA will transform its Fuel and Fuel Additive Registration
Reporting System to be fully integrated with the EPA's E-Enterprise initiative. E-
Enterprise will create an easy-to-use, one-stop access point for all of the EPA's
programs that will provide the user with customized content, reusable e-forms
and tailored notifications of relevant information.
• In FY 2014, the Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) program funding
request is $6 million, a $24 million reduction from the FY 2012 Enacted Budget.
DERA provides emission reductions from existing diesel engines through
retrofits, rebuilds and replacements of older, dirtier engines; switching to cleaner
fuels; idling reduction strategies; and other clean diesel strategies. In FY 2014, a
modified funding strategy using grants and rebates will be used to concentrate
resources on communities in high exposure areas. Through the rebate
mechanism, the agency will more precisely target the awards toward the dirtiest,
most polluting engines and can provide funding directly to private fleets.
• The agency is eliminating Radon Categorical Grants ($8 million in STAG) in FY
2014 and cutting approximately $2 million from regional portion of the Radon
program. Over the 23 years of its existence, the EPA's radon program has
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provided guidance and significant funding to help states establish their own
programs. Because exposure to radon gas continues to be a significant risk to
human health, EPA will focus resources on implementing the Federal Radon
Action Plan, a multi-year, multi-agency strategy for reducing risks from radon
exposure, by leveraging existing federal housing programs and more efficiently
implementing radon-related activities.
Priority Goals
The EPA's FY 2012-2013 Priority Goal to improve the nation's ability to measure and
control Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions is:
• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from cars and trucks. Through September 30,
2013, the EPA, in coordination with DOT'S fuel economy standards program, will be
implementing vehicle and truck greenhouse gas standards that are projected to
reduce GHG emissions by 1.2 billion metric tons and reduce oil consumption by
about 98 billion gallons over the lifetime of the affected vehicles and trucks.
The EPA is on track to complete implementation of this Priority Goal in FY 2013.
Note: As part of the formulation of the FY 2015 budget, the EPA will develop new FY
2014-2015 Priority Goals that advance the Administrator's Priorities and the agency's
Strategic Plan. Additional information on the agency's Priority Goals can be found at
www.performance.gov.
FY 2014 Activities
Address Climate Change
The EPA's strategy to address climate change supports the President's GHG reduction
goals. Climate change poses risks to public health, the environment, cultural resources,
the economy, and quality of life. Many impacts of climate change are already evident
and will intensify in the future. Climate change impacts include increased temperatures
and more stagnant air masses that make it increasingly challenging to achieve air
quality standards for smog in many regions of the country. This adversely affects public
health if areas cannot attain or maintain clean air and increased costs to local
communities.
The agency's request for $176.5 million will allow it to work with partners and
stakeholders to provide tools and information related to greenhouse gas emissions and
impacts and will reduce emissions domestically and internationally through cost-
effective, voluntary programs while pursuing additional regulatory actions as needed. In
FY 2014, the agency will focus on core program activities including:
• Implement the ENERGY STAR program across the residential, commercial and
industrial sectors.
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• Implement the important new vehicle fuel economy labeling requirements. For the
first time, the new label provides consumers with GHG, as well as fuel economy,
information.
• Implement the harmonized DOT and EPA fuel economy and GHG emission
standards for light-duty vehicles (model years 2012-2016) and heavy-duty vehicles
(model years 2014-2018). The EPA will begin developing a second phase of heavy-
duty GHG regulations that may incorporate a wider range of advanced technologies,
including hybrid vehicle drive trains. The EPA is considering several petitions asking
the agency to develop GHG emission standards for a wide range of non-road
equipment, locomotives, aircraft, and transportation fuels.
• Support implementation and compliance with GHG emission standards for light-duty
and heavy-duty vehicles and National Highway and Transportation Safety
Administration (NHTSA's) CAFE standards. Under the CAA and the Energy Policy
Act, the EPA is responsible for issuing certificates and ensuring compliance with
both the GHG and CAFE standards.
• Address the pending proposal to set a standard for carbon dioxide (C02) emissions
from new power plants and evaluate petitions seeking the establishment of GHG
emissions standards for a variety of industrial sectors and mobile source categories.
• Support reporting and verification in the GHG Reporting Program of emissions
across 41 industry sectors and emission sources and approximately 10,000
reporters. Work in FY 2014 includes continued support for users on how to comply
with the rule and how to report emissions using the electronic reporting tool.
Continuing activities also will include expanding the database management systems
to ensure alignment with regulatory amendments, verifying reported data and
sharing data with the public, other federal agencies, state and local governments
and reporting entities.
• Lead the Global Methane Initiative (GMI) and enhance public-private sector
cooperation to reduce global methane emissions and deliver clean energy to
markets.
• Promote cost-effective corporate GHG management practices and provide
recognition for superior efforts through a joint award program with non-government
organizations.
Improve Air Quality
Clean Air
Particulate Matter (PM) is linked to tens of thousands of premature deaths per year and
repeated exposure to ozone can cause acute respiratory problems and lead to
permanent lung damage. Short term exposure to elevated levels of sulfur dioxide (862)
can result in adverse respiratory effects, including narrowing of the airways which can
cause difficulty breathing and increased asthma symptoms, particularly in at risk
populations including children, older adults, and people with asthma.
Implementation of the PM National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), including
the 2012 PM NAAQS revisions, is among the agency's highest priorities for FY 2014.
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The EPA will provide technical and policy assistance to states developing or revising
attainment State Implementation Plans (SIPs) and will designate areas as attainment or
nonattainment. The EPA will also continue to partner with states, tribes, and local
governments to create a comprehensive compliance program to ensure that multi-
source and multi-pollutant reduction targets and air quality improvement objectives,
including consideration of environmental justice issues, are met and sustained. The
budget includes $257.2 million in state and local air quality management grants to
support core state workload for implementing NAAQS, reducing exposure to air toxics to
ensure improved air quality in communities, and for additional air monitors required by
revised NAAQS. In FY 2014, the EPA also will continue its work with states, tribes, and
communities to implement the existing ozone standard. The EPA will provide technical
and policy assistance to states developing or revising SIPs or regional haze
implementation plans and will continue to review and act on SIP submissions in
accordance with the CAAA. These objectives are supported by ongoing technical
assistance to state, tribal and local agencies. This support includes source
characterization analyses, emission inventories, quality assurance protocols, improved
testing and monitoring techniques, and air quality modeling. EPA also will work with the
states to address the interstate transport of pollution.
The EPA will continue to implement the new Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS2)
program and carry out other actions required by the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 2005
and the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007. The EPA is responsible
for establishing test procedures to estimate the fuel economy of new vehicles and for
verifying car manufacturers' data on fuel economy. In FY 2014, the EPA will utilize its
upgraded vehicle, engine, and fuel testing capabilities at the National Vehicle and Fuel
Emissions Laboratory (NVFEL) to increase testing and certification capacity to ensure
that new vehicles, engines, and fuels are in compliance with new vehicle and fuel
standards. In 2012, the EPA provided certifications for over 4,100 different types of
engines - a workload that has quadrupled over the past decade. The EPA's workload
will continue to grow, as the agency begins to implement new and more stringent GHG
emission standards promulgated in 2012 and 2013 for additional classes of vehicles
and engines. Also, FY 2014 resources will support increased oversight of credit trading
under RFS2 and engine regulations and to manage critical data reporting systems.
Air Toxics
The agency will continue to work with state, tribal, and local air pollution control
agencies and community groups to assess and address air toxics emissions in areas of
greatest concern. Additionally, the program will focus on disproportionately impacted
communities where the most vulnerable members of our population live, work, and go to
school.
One of the top priorities for the air toxics program is to eliminate unacceptable health
risks and exposures to air toxics from multiple sources in affected communities and to
fulfill its CAAA and court-ordered obligations. The CAAA requires that all technology-
based standards be reviewed and updated as necessary every eight years. In FY 2014,
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the EPA will continue to conduct risk assessments to determine whether the
technology-based rules appropriately protect public health.
The EPA will continue development of its multi-pollutant efforts by constructing and
organizing analyses around industrial sectors. By addressing individual sectors'
emissions comprehensively and prioritizing regulatory efforts on the pollutants of
greatest concern, the EPA will continue to identify ways to take advantage of the co-
benefits of pollution control. In developing sector and multi-pollutant approaches, the
agency seeks innovative solutions that address pollutants in the various sectors and
minimize costs to the EPA, states, tribes, local governments and the regulated
community.
The EPA will continue to improve the dissemination of information to state, local and
tribal governments, and the public, using analytical tools such as the National Air Toxic
Assessment (NATA), enhancing quantitative assessment tools such as BenMAP,
improving emission inventory estimates for toxic air pollutants, and managing
information for regulated entities electronically in a single location by modernizing the
Air Facility System (AFS) database. The EPA anticipates that these improvements will
increase the agency's ability to meet aggressive court-ordered schedules to complete
rulemaking activities, especially in the Risk Technology Review program.
Indoor Air
The EPA will continue to promote comprehensive asthma care that integrates
management of environmental asthma triggers and health care services by building
community capacity for delivering comprehensive asthma care programs through the
Communities in Action for Asthma-Friendly Environments Campaign. By implementing
the Federal Asthma Disparities Action Plan, the EPA will place a particular emphasis on
improving asthma health outcomes for vulnerable populations, including children, and
low-income and minority populations as well as improving indoor air quality (IAQ) in
homes and schools. Over the past four years, at least 16,000 health care professionals,
including school nurses and primary care physicians, have been trained by the EPA and
its partners on environmental management of asthma triggers. Additionally,
approximately one third of our nation's schools now have effective indoor air quality
management programs in place, helping to ensure asthma-friendly school
environments.
The EPA will deliver clear and verifiable protocols and specifications to ensure good
indoor air quality in homes and schools through the Indoor airPlus program and
protocols that protect IAQ during energy upgrades. The EPA will collaborate with public
and private organizations to integrate these protocols and specifications into existing
energy-efficiency, green-building and health-related programs and initiatives. FY 2014
activities include equipping the affordable housing sector with training and guidance to
promote adoption of these best practices with the aim of creating healthier, more
energy-efficient homes for low income families.
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EPA will drive action to reduce radon-induced lung cancer health by implementing the
Federal Radon Action Plan, published in June 2011. In 2012, the EPA invested and
established committees to establish standards for school measurement and mitigation,
multifamily mitigation, and quality assurance. These actions will promote testing for
indoor radon, fixing homes and schools when radon levels are high, and building new
homes and schools with radon-resistant features. It is estimated that 1.1 million existing
homes found with high radon levels now have active radon mitigation systems in them
and 1.9 million new homes have been built with radon-resistant features.
Restore the Ozone Layer
The stratospheric ozone program implements the provisions of the CAAA and the
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (Montreal Protocol).
Under the CAAA and the Montreal Protocol, the EPA is authorized to control and reduce
ozone depleting substances (ODS) in the U.S., and to contribute to the Montreal
Protocol Multilateral Fund. As of January 1, 2010, ODS production and imports were
capped at 3,810 OOP-weighted metric tons, which is 25 percent of the U.S. baseline
under the Montreal Protocol. In 2015, U.S. production and import will be reduced
further, to 10 percent of the U.S. baseline, and in 2020, all production and import will be
phased out except for exempted amounts. As ODS and many of their substitutes are
potent GHGs, appropriate control and reduction of these substances also provides
significant benefits for climate protection. As a signatory to the Montreal Protocol, the
U.S. is committed to ensuring that our domestic program is at least as stringent as
international obligations and to regulating and enforcing its terms domestically. In FY
2014, the EPA will focus its work to ensure that ODS production and import caps under
the Montreal Protocol and CAAA continue to be met. Funding for the SunWise
program, which provided awareness of health risks from UV radiation and sun safety
behaviors, has been eliminated.
Reduce Unnecessary Exposure to Radiation
In FY 2014, the EPA Radiation program, in cooperation with federal agencies, states,
tribes, and international radiation protection organizations, will develop and use
voluntary and regulatory programs, public information, and training to protect the public
from unnecessary exposures to radiation. Responding to improved science and industry
advances, the agency is updating its radiation protection standards for the uranium fuel
cycle, developed over 30 years ago, and its health and environmental protection
standards for uranium and thorium mill tailings. In addition, the agency will begin work in
FY 2014 to ensure that the nation has generic, non-site-specific standards that protect
public health and the environment from risks associated with geologic disposal of high-
level radioactive waste.
In FY 2014, the EPA's Radiological Emergency Response Team (RERT) will maintain
and improve the level of readiness to support federal radiological emergency response
and recovery operations under the National Response Framework (NRF) and the
National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP). The
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National RadNet ambient radiation air monitoring system, which includes the country's
100 most populous cities, will provide data to assist in protective action determinations.
Research
Environmental challenges in the 21st century are complex. These challenges are
complicated by the interplay between air quality, climate change, and emerging energy
options, and they require different thinking and solutions than those used in the past.
Reducing risk can no longer be the only approach to environmental protection. Industry
and government are turning to innovative solutions that enhance economic growth and
social well-being, as well as protect public health and the environment. These solutions
require research that transcends disciplinary lines and includes all stakeholders in the
process - the EPA's regional and program offices, states and communities - who rely
on the EPA's research. Ultimately, the EPA is seeking technological innovations that
support environmentally responsible solutions and foster new economic development.
In FY 2014, the EPA will strengthen its planning and delivery of science by continuing
the more integrated research approach begun in FY 2012. Integrated research looks at
problems more systematically and holistically. This approach will yield benefits beyond
those possible from more narrowly targeted approaches that focus on single chemicals
or problem areas.
The Air, Climate and Energy (ACE) program, funded at $105.7 million for FY 2014, an
increase of $7.7 million from FY 2012, conducts high priority research on environmental
and human health impacts related to air pollution, climate change, and biofuels.
Exposure to an evolving array of air pollutants is a considerable challenge to human
health and the environment. By integrating air, climate and energy research, the EPA
can better understand, define and address the complexity of these interactions. The
agency will provide models and tools necessary for communities and for decision
makers at all levels of government to make the best decisions.
For example, the ACE research program will improve the widely-used Community
Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. State and local agencies and the EPA
rely on this tool to implement the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).
Specifically, nations, states, and communities use CMAQ to model how air pollution
levels change when different emission reduction alternatives are used. With this tool,
decision-makers can test a range of strategies and determine what approach best fits
their situation. Improvements to CMAQ will increase users' capability to accurately
model changes in ozone, particulate matter, and hazardous air pollutant concentrations.
The CMAQ model has over 1,500 users in the U.S. and 1,000 more in over 50
countries.
The ACE research program will continue to address critical science questions under
three major research themes.
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Theme 1: Assess Air Quality and Climate Impacts - Assess human and ecosystem
exposures and effects associated with air pollutants and climate change. Evaluate the
effects of air pollution and climate change on individuals, ecosystems, communities, and
regions (including the effects on those most susceptible or vulnerable).
Theme 2: Prevent and Reduce Emissions - Provide the science needed to develop and
evaluate approaches to preventing and reducing harmful air emissions. The EPA
decision makers and other stakeholders need such data and methods to analyze the full
life-cycle impacts of new and existing energy technologies. With ACE's data, decision
makers can determine which energy choices are most environmentally and
economically appropriate.
Theme 3: Respond to Changes in Climate and Air Quality - Provide modeling and
monitoring tools, metrics, and information on air pollution exposure. Individuals,
communities, and governmental agencies will use these tools and information to make
public health decisions related to air quality and climate change.
Figure 1: Integration of Air, Climate, and Energy1
Figure 1, "Integration of Air, Climate, and Energy," illustrates the relationships among air, climate, and
energy. The figure identifies the major earth and human systems impacted by air pollution and climate
change. It portrays the responses and social factors influencing the relationships among each.
Earth Systems
Exposures to and Effects on:
In FY 2014, research will study the generation, fate, transport, and chemical
transformation of air emissions to identify individual and population health risks. The
ACE research program considers the environmental impacts of energy production and
use across the full life cycle. For example, increased use of wood in residences can
reduce greenhouse gas emissions but cause local air pollution problems. The program
1 Adapted from IPCC, 2007: Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II, and III
to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
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will incorporate air, climate, and energy research to ensure the development of
sustainable solutions and attainment of statutory goals in a complex multi-pollutant
environment. The ACE program will conduct research to better understand and assess
the effects of global change on air quality, water quality, aquatic ecosystems, land use,
human health, and social well-being.
In addition, the program will conduct systems-based sustainability analyses that include
environmental, social and economic dimensions. In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to
study the impacts of energy production from unconventional oil and gas operations on
air, water quality, and ecosystems. This research will complement the EPA's current
study on potential impacts of unconventional oil and gas operations on drinking water.
The ACE and Safe and Sustainable Water Resources (SSWR) programs are
collaborating with the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Department of the Interior
(DOI) to evaluate the impacts of unconventional oil and gas operations, including those
related to air quality.
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Goal 2: Protecting America's Waters
Strategic Goal: Protect and restore our waters to ensure that drinking water is safe,
and that aquatic ecosystems sustain fish, plants and wildlife, and economic,
recreational, and subsistence activities.
Resource Summary
(Dollars in Thousands)
VJ/_X
45.0% of Budget
FY2012
Enacted
FY2013
Annualized
CR
FY2014
President's
Budget
Difference
FY 201 2 EN
to FY 201 4
PresBud
1 - Protect Human Health
2 - Protect and Restore Watersheds
and Aquatic Ecosystems
$1,296,121 $1,302,170 $1,184,982 ($111,139)
$2,799,161 $2,805,718 $2,479,570 ($319,591)
Goal 2 Total
$4,095,283 $4,107,887 $3,664,552 ($430,730)
Workyears
3,419
3,471
3,434
15
NOTE: Goal objectives include indirect costs. Goal totals may not add due to rounding. FY 2013 Annualized CR as
of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriations.
Introduction
While much progress to improve water quality has been made over the last two
decades, America's waters remain imperiled. Increased demands, land use practices,
population growth, aging infrastructure, and climate variability continue to pose
challenges to our nation's water resources. The National Coastal Condition Report IV
shows that although improvement has taken place since 1990, the overall condition of
the nation's coastal resources continues to be rated fair1. In addition, the latest national
assessments2 confirm that America's waters are stressed by nutrient pollution, excess
sedimentation, and degradation of shoreline vegetation, which affect more than 50
percent of our lakes and streams. The rate at which new waters are listed for water
quality impairments exceeds the pace at which restored waters are removed from the
list. For many years, nonpoint source pollution —principally nitrogen, phosphorus, and
1 U.S. EPA. 2012. National Coastal Condition ReportIV. EPA-842-R-10-003. Available at
http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/oceb/assessmonitor/nccr/upload/NCCR4-Report.pdf.
U.S. EPA, 2006. Wadeable Streams Assessment: A Collaborative Survey of the Nation's Streams. EPA 841-B-06-
002. Available at http://www.epa.gov/owow/streamsurvev. See also EPA, 2010. National Lakes Assessment: A
Collaborative Survey of the Nation 'slakes. EPA 841-R-09-001. Available at
http://www.epa.gov/lakessurvev/pdf/nla chapter0.pdf.
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sediments — has been recognized as the largest remaining impediment to improving
water quality, and it is difficult to address the varied and widespread sources of this
pollution. Pollution discharged from industrial, municipal, agricultural, and stormwater
point sources continue to cause a decline in the quality of our waters. Other significant
contributors to degraded water quality include: loss of habitat; habitat fragmentation;
and changes in the way water is infiltrated into soils, runs off the land, and flows down
streams (hydrologic alteration).
From nutrient loadings and stormwater runoff, to invasive species, energy extraction,
and drinking water contaminants, water quality programs face complex challenges that
can be addressed effectively only through a combination of traditional and innovative
strategies. The EPA will continue to work hand-in-hand with states and tribes to develop
and implement nutrient limits and intensify our work to restore and protect the quality of
the nation's streams, rivers, lakes, bays, oceans, and aquifers. We will continue the
increased focus on communities, particularly those disadvantaged communities facing
disproportionate impacts, or that have been historically underserved. We also will use
our authority to protect and restore threatened natural treasures such as the Great
Lakes, the Chesapeake Bay, and the Gulf of Mexico; address our neglected urban
rivers; ensure safe drinking water; and reduce pollution from nonpoint and industrial
dischargers. The EPA will continue to address post-construction runoff, water-quality
impairments from surface mining, and drinking water contamination.
As part of the agency's long-term strategy, the EPA is implementing a Sustainable
Water Infrastructure Policy that focuses on working with states and communities to
promote more effective management and enhance technical, managerial and financial
capacity within the drinking water and wastewater sectors. Important to the enhanced
technical capacity will be alternatives analyses to expand "green infrastructure" options
and their multiple benefits. Federal dollars provided through the State Revolving Funds
will act as a catalyst for efficient system-wide planning and ongoing management of
sustainable water infrastructure.
The EPA continues to work with its partners across the Federal government to leverage
resources and avoid duplication of efforts. The EPA and USDA continue to enhance
existing coordination efforts in reducing nonpoint source pollution. The EPA, DOI, and
DOE are working together to research the impacts of hydraulic fracturing activities to
support the state and Federal agencies that oversee this growing energy extraction
method.
Major FY 2014 Changes
To address resource constraints, the EPA carefully evaluated water program activities
to assess where the pace of progress could be slowed, where other governmental
entities could provide needed support, and where requested increases had not been
appropriated in order to continue funding critical agency priorities. The EPA will direct
limited resources to best protect: 1) public health, especially in disadvantaged
communities; 2) support the core work of state and tribal partners; and 3) focus on the
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largest pollution problems. Part of this effort is the continued review of operations for
savings which has resulted in administrative savings and efficiencies. The requested FY
2014 resources are pivotal to enabling the agency to maintain progress toward longer-
term goals in critical areas.
In FY 2014, the agency is requesting $1.912 billion, a reduction of $472 million, for the
Clean Water and Drinking Water State Revolving Funds (SRFs). The budget will allow
the SRFs to finance approximately $6 billion in wastewater and drinking water
infrastructure projects annually.
The Administration has strongly supported the SRFs, having received and/or requested
funding totaling over $20 billion since 2009. Since their inception, the SRFs have been
funded at over $55 billion. Going forward, the EPA will work to target assistance to small
and underserved communities with a limited ability to repay loans, while maintaining
state program integrity. The Administration strongly supports efforts to expand the use
of green infrastructure to meet Clean Water Act goals. To further these efforts, the
Budget will target funding for green infrastructure approaches to manage stormwater,
which helps communities improve water quality while creating green space, mitigating
flooding, and enhancing air quality.
• The FY 2014 budget request maintains funding for most categorical grants at FY
2012 levels. The total increase to these Goal 2 categorical grants is
approximately $14.8 million3 The EPA is requesting an additional $4.4 million in
categorical grants for Public Water System Supervision to augment assistance to
states and replace the state-operated Safe Drinking Water Information System
(SDWIS/State) with a web-based system, SDWIS Next Generation (Next-Gen)
as a part of the agency's larger E-Enterprise initiative.
• The agency is requesting a $20.3 million increase (8.5 percent increase from FY
2012 enacted amount) to the CWA Section 106 Water Pollution Control grants.
The increase will support state e-enterprise activities, which will enhance the
management of electronic data and improve automation in screening and
analysis of water quality data. Further, the EPA will provide $15.0 million of
Section 106 funds to support states, interstate agencies and tribes that commit to
strengthening their nutrient management efforts consistent with EPA Office of
Water guidance issued in March 2011.
• The Chesapeake Bay Program's FY 2014 budget request of about $73 million,
an increase of approximately $15.7 million over FY 2012 enacted levels, will
allow the EPA-led interagency Federal Leadership Committee to continue
implementing the President's Executive Order on Chesapeake Bay Protection
and Restoration and meet its broad responsibilities under Clean Water Act
Section 117.
3 $14.8 M = PWSS categorical grant dollar increase, $4.4 million, plus Pollution Control (Sectionl06) categorical
grant dollar increase, $20.3million, minus Beaches categorical grant dollar decrease, $9.9million.
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• The FY 2014 budget includes an increase of $9.4 million for Surface Water
Protection Programs, reflecting, for the most part, increased workforce costs to
support clean water activities that protect and restore the nation's waters. In
addition, the budget includes a total of $3.4 million increase to the Drinking Water
program to integrate the antiquated SDWIS/Fed with the states' SDWIS Next-
Gen.
• In this difficult financial climate, the agency will eliminate the Beaches Grant
Program in FY 2014, as initially proposed in FY 2013. While beach monitoring
continues to be important, well-understood guidelines are in place, and state and
local government programs have the technical expertise and procedures to
continue beach monitoring without federal support.
Priority Goals
The EPA's two FY 2012-2013 Priority Goals to improve water quality are:
• Improve, restore, or maintain water quality by enhancing nonpoint source program
accountability, incentives, and effectiveness. By September 30, 2013, 50 percent of
the states will revise their nonpoint source program according to new Section 319
grant guidelines that the EPA released recently.
• Improve public health protection for persons served by small drinking water systems
by strengthening the technical, managerial, and financial capacity of those systems.
By September 30, 2013, the EPA will engage with twenty states to improve small
drinking water system capability through two EPA programs, the Optimization
Program and/or the Capacity Development Program.
Please note, as part of the formulation of the FY 2015 budget, the EPA will be
developing new FY 2014-2015 Priority Goals that advance the agency's priorities and
the agency's Strategic Plan. Additional information on the Agency Priority Goals can be
found at www.performance.qov.
FY 2014 Activities
The EPA will continue to emphasize watershed stewardship, watershed-based
approaches, water efficiencies, and best practices. The EPA will focus specifically on
green infrastructure, nutrients, and trading among point sources and nonpoint sources
for water quality improvements and urban waters. In FY 2014, the agency will continue
to advance the water quality monitoring initiative under the Clean Water Act and
develop important rules and implementation activities under the Safe Drinking Water
Act. Related efforts to improve monitoring and surveillance will help advance water
security nationwide.
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Drinking Water
To help achieve the agency's priority to protect America's waters, in FY 2014 the EPA
will continue to implement its Drinking Water Strategy, an approach to expanding public
health protection for drinking water. The strategy will streamline decision-making,
expand protection under existing laws, and promote cost-effective new technologies to
meet the needs of rural, urban and other water-stressed communities. The agency will
focus on regulating groups of drinking water contaminants, improving water treatment
technology and expanding communication with states, tribes and communities.
In FY 2014, as discussed above, the agency is proposing a $4.4 million increase in
categorical grants for Public Water System Supervision. These funds will be used to
replace the state-operated Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/State),
enabling primacy agencies to use a single system; reduce costs of maintaining
individual data systems; manage their PWSS programs more efficiently; share data with
EPA; and more effectively target resources to assist public water systems to comply
with regulations. In addition, the request includes a total of $3.4M to replace the EPA
operated SDWIS/Fed. These funds would be used to design and build SDWIS Next-
Gen, enabling electronic data exchange among laboratories, states, and EPA; more
efficient reporting and display of drinking water quality; and a reduction in the cost of the
system over time. The shared web services will provide the user with customized
content and functions, including reusable e-forms and notifications.
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to provide PWSS grants to support state and tribal efforts
to meet existing drinking water regulations and prepare for implementation of new
regulations, including the Revised Total Coliform Rule. States and tribes will work to
ensure that systems can acquire and maintain basic implementation capabilities and
can conduct sanitary surveys according to required schedules. These resources also
will be used by states and tribes as they provide technical assistance and training to
help meet the continued needs of the small water systems. The grants have been
successful in helping public water systems achieve compliance with standards, as well
as decreasing the number of small systems that have repeat health-based violations of
standards. As of the end of FY 2012, 91 percent of community water systems (CWSs)
are meeting all applicable health-based standards, surpassing the performance target of
90 percent. The program also ensured safe drinking water in FY 2012, as 95 percent of
the population served by CWSs received drinking water that met all applicable health-
based drinking water standards, well above the performance target of 91 percent.
To help ensure water is safe to drink and address the nation's aging drinking water
infrastructure, $817 million for the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund will support new
infrastructure improvement projects for public drinking water systems in FY 2014 and
beyond. Getting these funds to where they are most needed in a timely manner is
important. Beginning in FY 2014, appropriated DWSRF funds will be allocated to the
states based on the new 2011 Needs Survey scheduled to be reported to Congress in
2013. The DWSRF tribal set-aside also will be allocated based on a new formula
accounting for drinking water access needs. These funds have been utilized effectively
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by the states. Since FY 2006, the fund utilization rate4 for the DWSRF has surpassed its
target, and most recently in FY 2012, the DWSRF utilization rate of 90 percent
exceeded the EPA's target of 89 percent. In concert with the states, the EPA will focus
this affordable, flexible financial assistance to support utility compliance with safe
drinking water standards. The EPA also will work with utilities to promote technical,
financial, and managerial capacity as a critical means to meeting infrastructure needs
and enhancing program performance and efficiency. For small drinking water systems,
this is an Agency Priority Goal. On schedule with the goal's quarterly milestones, EPA
has conducted many webinars for the states, water utilities and even the Department of
Veteran Affairs (VA), to help the VA recruit veterans into the water sector.
Clean Water
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to collaborate with states and tribes to make progress
toward the EPA's clean water goals. Programs for controlling nonpoint sources of
pollution are key to reducing the number of impaired waters nationwide. The programs
provide a multi-faceted approach to the problem, combining innovative development
strategies to help leverage traditional tools. The EPA will support efforts of states, tribes,
other federal agencies, and local communities to develop watershed-based plans to
achieve water quality standards. Maximizing the partnership with USDA will allow more
targeted, results-focused nonpoint source control efforts. Working with states to more
fully utilize the revolving fund capitalization grants will help build, revive, and "green" our
aging infrastructure. In FY 2014, a funding level of $558.9 million in categorical grants
for clean water programs will enable the EPA, states, and tribes to implement core
clean water programs and promising innovations on a watershed basis to accelerate
water quality improvements.
In FY 2014, the EPA and USDA will continue their ongoing partnership to ensure that
federal resources - including both the EPA's Section 319 grant funds and the USDA
Farm Bill funds - are managed in a coordinated manner, where feasible, to protect
water quality from agricultural pollution sources. In FY 2012, 154 watersheds were
selected for targeted conservation investments. In FY 2013, additional selections will be
considered by NRCS, which may result in the addition of a limited number of
watersheds. In FY 2014, the EPA will work with states to provide monitoring support in
these watersheds to demonstrate water quality progress from implemented
conservation practices. Tackling nonpoint source pollution is an Agency Priority Goal
with quarterly milestones.
Building on 30 years of clean water successes, the EPA, in conjunction with states and
tribes, will address the requirements of the Clean Water Act by focusing on two primary
tools: Total Maximum Daily Loads5 (TMDLs) and National Pollutant Discharge
4 Utilization rate is the cumulative dollar amount of loan agreements divided by cumulative funds available for
projects. Cumulative funds available include the federal capitalization grant portion and everything that is in the
SRF (state match, interest payments, etc.).
5 For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/lawsguidance/cwa/tmdl/index.cfm.
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Elimination System (NPDES) permits, built upon scientifically sound water quality
standards and technology-based pollutant discharge limits. The EPA policy is for
TMDLs to be established for all pollutants on an impaired water body segment within 8-
13 years from the time the impairment is identified. TMDLs focus on clearly defined
environmental goals and pollutant budgets, implemented through local, state, and
federal watershed plans/programs. In FY 2012, about 2,900 TMDLs were established or
approved by EPA on schedule, meeting the agency's annual target. More recently,
states have started to address more difficult TMDLs, such as broad-scale mercury and
nutrient TMDLs, which require involvement at the state and federal level across multiple
programs. Since FY 2007, the number of water body segments meeting their standards
has increased more than 150%, from 1,409 to 3,527. With 3,527 water body segments
now fully attaining their water quality standards, the EPA has met its 2015 Strategic
Target early.
The EPA will continue to work with states to structure the permit program to better
support comprehensive protection of water quality on a watershed basis. Progress has
been steady in improving water quality conditions in impaired watersheds nationwide. In
2008 there were only 60 watersheds that experienced improved water quality
conditions. By FY 2012, this number had risen to 332, exceeding the target of 312. It
remains a significant challenge, with approximately 41,000 impaired water bodies
nationwide. In FY 2014, the EPA will focus on key focus areas, including: promoting the
use of green infrastructure in stormwater permits; controlling discharges from
concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs); and addressing issues of permitting
for new waste streams, such as shale gas extraction; and steam electric power plants.
To combat stormwater as a main contributor of nutrients and sediments, the agency
issued a final 2012 NPDES general permit for stormwater discharges from large and
small construction activities. The general permit will strengthen requirements for
stormwater discharges from, at minimum, eligible existing and new construction projects
in all areas of the country where EPA is the NPDES permitting authority.
The EPA will continue to provide annual capitalization to the Clean Water State
Revolving Fund (CWSRF). As of June 2012, the CWSRF has offered over 32 thousand
assistance agreements to local communities, providing over $95.4 billion in affordable
financing for wastewater infrastructure, nonpoint source pollution control, and estuary
management projects. The CWSRF's Green Project Reserve invests in green
infrastructure to promote environmentally innovative activities; in FY 2014 EPA
proposes setting aside 20 percent of capitalization grants for green infrastructure
projects. Recognizing what has already been achieved and the long-term benefits to
come, the EPA is continuing our CWSRF commitment by requesting $1.095 billion in FY
2014. The fund utilization rate for the CWSRF in FY 2012 was 98 percent, surpassing
the target of 94.5 percent.
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to strengthen the nationwide monitoring network and
complete statistically valid surveys of the nation's waters. The results of these efforts
are scientifically defensible water quality data and information essential for cleaning up
and protecting the nation's waters. With its partners, the EPA will develop or publish the
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National Rivers and Streams Assessment6 (monitoring in 2014; due in 2016), the
National Wetland Condition Assessment7 (due in 2014), and the National Lakes
Assessment (due FY 2015). The National Wetland Condition Assessment8 is the first
ever statistically valid comprehensive survey of nation wetland condition. In FY 2014,
the EPA/State Steering Committee for the National Coastal Assessment9 will be
planning the next survey, targeted for monitoring to commence in 2015. The EPA will
continue to promote the application of new reporting, monitoring and assessment tools
to support the integration of federal, regional, state and local monitoring efforts for water
quality management. The EPA Water Quality Exchange10 launched in 2007 allows
states, tribes and other organizations to share their monitoring data over the Internet.
The EPA, in cooperation with federal, state and tribal governments and other
stakeholders will continue to make progress toward achieving the national goal of no net
loss of wetlands under the Clean Water Act Section 404 regulatory program. In addition,
the agency is requesting $15.1 million for Wetlands Program Development Grants.
Since 2002, almost one and a half million acres of habitat have been protected or
restored within National Estuary Program study areas. The agency's FY 2014 budget
requests of $27.2 million for National Estuaries Programs and Coastal Waterways that
will enable the protection or restoration of more than one hundred thousand habitat
acres.
The agency will continue in FY 2014 to assist communities - particularly underserved
communities - in their local efforts to restore and protect the quality of their urban
waters. By integrating water quality improvement activities with local priorities, the EPA
will help to sustain local commitment for water quality improvement in urban
watersheds. In support of the President's America's Great Outdoors (AGO) initiative, the
EPA will provide grants and technical assistance and will partner with federal, state,
local, and non-governmental organizations to support community stewardship of local
urban water restoration efforts, helping communities revitalize their waterfronts and
accelerate measurable water quality improvements.
Under the Urban Waters Federal Partnership, the EPA will coordinate with member
agencies to deliver technical assistance to communities. Two new federal agencies
have joined the partnership, and there are now a total of thirteen members. In many
cities, stormwater has become a growing challenge to protecting and improving water
quality. However, green infrastructure, such as green roofs, rain gardens, wetlands, and
forest buffers, can be a cost-effective way to manage stormwater and meet Clean Water
Act goals. In 2014, the Urban Waters Federal Partnership will partner with at least two
communities to incorporate green infrastructure into their stormwater management
plans, eventually providing models for others also facing the same challenges. The EPA
6 For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/rsl/monitoring/riverssurvev/index.cfm
7 For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/wetlands/assessment/survev/index.cfm.
8 For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/lakes/lakessurvev index.cfm.
9 For more information, visit: http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/oceb/assessmonitor/nccr/index.cfm.
10 For more information, visit: http://www.epa. gov/storet/wqx/.
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is requesting $4.4 million to support federal partnership activities, technical assistance
and the Urban Waters grant program that will fund innovative local approaches for water
quality improvements in urban watersheds.
Climate Change
Climate change also contributes to changes in water quality and poses significant
challenges to water resource managers. Impacts of climate change include too little
water in some places and too much water in others, while some locations are subject to
all of these conditions during different times of the year. Water cycle changes are
expected to continue and will adversely affect energy production and use, human
health, transportation, agriculture, and ecosystems. In 2012, the National Water
Program published the second National Water Program 2012 Strategy: Response to
Climate Change, which describes a set of long-term goals for the management of
sustainable water resources for future generations in light of climate change and charts
the key "building blocks" that would need to be taken to achieve those goals. It also
reflects the wider context of climate change-related activity that is underway throughout
the nation. The 2072 Strategy is intended to be a roadmap to guide future programmatic
planning and inform decision-makers during the agency's annual planning process.
WaterSense, Climate Ready Estuaries, Climate Ready Water Utilities, and Green
Infrastructure are examples of programs that will help stakeholders adapt to climate
change in FY 2014. The Climate Ready Water Utilities initiative will help water systems
of all sizes integrate climate variability considerations into their long-range planning.
Efforts to incorporate climate change considerations into key programs will help protect
water quality and the nation's investment in drinking water and wastewater treatment
infrastructure.
EPA's Safe and Sustainable Water Resources (SSWR) research program is developing
resource-management tools to allow decision makers and environmental managers to
assess the sustainability of watersheds and the services they provide under current and
future land use and management practices, and to systematically consider complex
tradeoffs occurring in a watershed on a regional or national scale. Researchers are
focusing on watersheds in order to understand their resilience to stressors, identify
specific watersheds that require enhanced protection, and understand factors that affect
successful watershed restoration.
Geographic Water Programs
The Administration has expanded and enhanced numerous cross-agency efforts to
promote collaboration and coordination among agencies, which include a suite of large
aquatic ecosystem restoration efforts. Three prominent examples of the EPA of cross-
agency restoration efforts are the Great Lakes, the Chesapeake Bay, and the Gulf of
Mexico. Working with its partners and stakeholders, the EPA has established special
programs to protect and restore each of these unique natural resources.
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The EPA's ecosystem protection programs encompass a wide range of approaches that
address specific at-risk regional areas and larger categories of threatened systems,
such as urban waters, estuaries, and wetlands. Locally generated pollution, combined
with pollution carried by rivers and streams and through air deposition, can accumulate
in these ecosystems and degrade them over time. The EPA and its federal partners
along with states, tribes, municipalities, and private parties, will continue efforts to
restore the integrity of imperiled waters of the United States.
Puget Sound:
The Puget Sound program's FY2014 budget request of $17 million will allow the EPA to
support efforts to protect and restore the Puget Sound by implementing the Puget
Sound Action Agenda. The Action Agenda emphasizes three areas: shellfish,
stormwater, and habitat. The goal is for the estuary to support balanced indigenous
populations of shellfish, fish and wildlife, and the extensive list of recognized uses of the
Puget Sound, as well as to meet obligations under federal tribal treaties. In FY 2012 the
Puget Sound was able to report almost an additional 2,000 acres of near shore,
riparian, and wetland habitat acres protected or restored since 2011.
The EPA Region 10 provides leadership for the Puget Sound Federal Caucus and co-
chairs the overall federal effort to address Treaty Rights at Risk11. For FY 2014,
consistent with past years, EPA proposes to provide 25 percent of the total program
funding directly to tribes. Additionally, fifty percent of the total funding will be directed to
assistance agreements addressing salmon and shellfish recovery, and specifically
riparian buffers and habitat protection. We expect that funding for these activities will
directly benefit tribal interests in Puget Sound.
Great Lakes:
In FY 2014, $300 million in funding for the EPA-led Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
will address priority environmental issues (e.g., toxic substances, nonpoint source
pollution, habitat degradation and loss, and invasive species) in the largest freshwater
system in the world. This carefully coordinated interagency effort involves the White
House Council on Environmental Quality, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S.
Department of Commerce, Department of Health and Human Services, Department of
Homeland Security, Department of Housing and Urban Development, Department of
State, Department of Defense, Department of Interior, and Department of
Transportation. This effort has contributed to the removal of 21 Beneficial Use
Impairments at 12 different Great Lakes Areas of Concern, meeting EPA's cumulative
target of 33 for this measure and exceeding the GLRI Action Plan target.
The EPA expects to continue to achieve substantial public and environmental health
results through both federal projects and projects conducted in collaboration with states,
tribes, municipalities, universities, and other organizations. Progress will continue in
each of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative's five focus areas: Toxic Substances and
nFor more information, visit: http://nwifc.0rg/w/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2011/08/whitepaper628finalpdf.pdf
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Areas of Concern; Invasive Species; Nearshore Health and Nonpoint Source; Habitat
and Wildlife Protection and Restoration; and, Accountability, Education, Monitoring,
Evaluation, Communication and Partnerships. The EPA will place a priority on: 1)
cleaning up and de-listing Areas of Concern; 2) reducing phosphorus contributions from
agricultural and urban lands that contribute to harmful algal blooms and other water
quality impairments; and 3) invasive species prevention. A few expected outcomes with
FY 2014 GLRI and other agency base funds include remediation of over 400 thousand
cubic yards of contaminated sediment; delisting of one or more Areas of Concern;
reduction or control of terrestrial invasive species on about 1,000 acres; and targeting of
sources of excess nutrients in sub-watersheds of the western basin of Lake Erie,
Saginaw Bay on Lake Huron, and Green Bay on Lake Michigan.
Chesapeake Bay:
The Chesapeake Bay program's FY 2014 budget request of about $73 million, an
increase of approximately $15.7 million over the FY 2012 enacted levels, will allow the
EPA-led inter-agency Federal Leadership Committee to continue to implement the
President's Executive Order on Chesapeake Bay Protection and Restoration and meet
its broad responsibilities under Clean Water Act Section 117. The key initiatives include:
assisting states in implementing their Phase II Watershed Implementation Plans;
maintaining oversight of state permitting and compliance actions for the various sectors;
assisting Bay jurisdictions in developing effective offset and trading programs;
expanding and improving a publicly accessible TMDL tracking and accountability
system; maintaining and improving the Bay monitoring system; deploying technology to
integrate discrete Bay data systems and to present the data in an accessible
accountability system called ChesapeakeSfaf. This increased funding will help the
Chesapeake Bay Program continue to implement pollution controls necessary to restore
Bay water quality. The program met or exceeded its FY12 targets for pollution controls.
By FY 2014, the program expects to achieve 30 percent of its goals for implementing
nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment reduction actions to achieve final TMDL allocations,
as measured through the phase 5.3 watershed model.
The EPA will direct investments toward local governments and watershed organizations
based on their ability to reduce nutrient and sediment loads through such key sectors as
land development and agriculture. The Chesapeake Bay Program's grant programs are
important tools for ensuring progress on the seven Bay jurisdictions' Watershed
Implementation Plans, and the EPA is working to ensure that the states provide support
to local governments as they take the on-the-ground actions necessary to achieve the
goals of the Chesapeake Bay TMDL. Several of the Bay watershed jurisdictions have
established or expanded water quality trading programs to support the goals of their
WIPs and other milestones. In FY 2014, the EPA will provide additional resources to
Bay watershed jurisdictions that wish to improve the viability and integrity of their water
quality offset and trading programs, including through development of and participation
in pilot interstate trading projects, where appropriate.
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Gulf of Mexico Program:
The Gulf of Mexico program's FY 2014 budget request of $4.5 million will allow the EPA
to continue its support for Gulf restoration work, such as habitat conservation and
replenishment and protection of coastal and marine resources. The EPA will actively
support the Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council and other activities in the Gulf of
Mexico. The coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico received an overall health rating of 2.4
out of 5 in the National Coastal Conditions Report, meeting its FY 2012 target. The
index is a compilation of 5 individual indices measuring a broad range of environmental
conditions: water quality, sediment quality, benthic zone conditions, condition of coastal
habitats, and fish tissue contaminants.
The Gulf of Mexico program will continue to restore and enhance the environmental and
economic health of the Gulf of Mexico through cooperative partnerships to address the
program's long-term restoration goals. These goals include: restoring and conserving
habitat; restoring water quality; replenishing and protecting living coastal and marine
resources; education and outreach; and enhancing community resilience. Specifically in
FY 2014, the EPA will support Gulf state nutrient criteria pilots and develop science and
management tools for the characterization of nutrients in coastal ecosystems; address
excessive nutrient loadings that contribute to water quality impairments in the basin;
foster regional stewardship and awareness through annual Gulf Guardian Awards;
support initiatives that include direct involvement from underserved and
underrepresented populations and enhance local capacity to reach these populations;
and work towards the goal of fully attaining water quality standards in at least 360
impaired segments in priority coastal watersheds. In FY 2012, 316 impaired segments
were restored, just short of the agency's annual target for that year of 320.
Homeland Security
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to build its capacity to identify and respond to threats
to critical national water infrastructure. The EPA's wastewater and drinking water
security efforts will continue to support the water sector by providing access to
information-sharing tools and mechanisms that provide timely information on
contaminant properties, water treatment effectiveness, detection technologies,
analytical protocols, and laboratory capabilities for use in responding to a water
contamination event.
In FY 2014, the EPA requests support for its Regional Centers of Expertise for Water
Teams. Currently, all ten regions have water emergency response teams that are
available to assist in responses to large-scale or multiple environmental impact events.
The two Regional Centers requested in FY 2014 will provide desk and field staff in
instances where an incident may overwhelm other regional offices' more modest
emergency response capabilities. They also will conduct training and exercises
designed to ensure a higher level of preparedness.
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Research
Environmental challenges in the 21st century are more complex than before. Causes of
environmental and health risks, such as climate change, urbanization, nonpoint source
water pollution, and increased water demand have become universal and require
different thinking and solutions than in the past. Reducing risk can no longer be the only
approach to environmental protection. Industry and government are looking toward
solutions that enhance economic growth, social well-being, public health, and
environmental quality.
Increased demands, land use practices, population growth, aging infrastructure, and
climate change and variability, pose significant threats to our nation's water resources.
(See Figure 1)
-produce.
.create-
affect -
Drivers
Agriculture,
Forestry,
Fishing
Energy/Mineral
Extraction
and Injection
Manufacturing
Recreation,
Tourism
Public works,
Construction
| Transportation J
m
Pressures
[Emissions]
| Climate change j
f Water I
withdrawal
[Pollution]
Invasive
species
[harvest]
State
Flow timing
and quantity
Impact
Ecosystem
services
Human
well-being
m
Valuation
-to inform
alter-
Responses
Land use planning
&BMPs
Water quality
management
Water quantity
management
I Dam operations
[Wetlands restoration]
[climate adaptation
Species and
habitat protection
Figure 1: Conceptual model for watersheds, where socioeconomic forces influence the
ecosystem; human activities place stress on the ecosystem; the state is the condition of
the ecosystem; the impact relates to benefits that ecosystems provide, and their value to
human well-being; and responses are the environmental management actions and
decisions by society.
Such competing interests require the development of innovative new solutions for water
resource managers and other decision makers. To address these challenges, the EPA's
Safe and Sustainable Water Resources (SSWR) research program provides the
information and tools that the EPA needs to meet its legal, statutory, and policy
challenges. Research will integrate social, economic, and environmental sciences to
support the nation's range of growing water-use and ecological requirements.
SSWR is developing resource management tools to allow decision makers to
systematically consider complex tradeoffs occurring in a watershed on a regional or
national scale. For example, wetland health indicators and the interpretation of national
wetlands survey data is informing the EPA's first National Wetlands Condition Report
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scheduled for FY 2014.12 This report will form the baseline for analyzing future wetland
changes and trends in response to programs and policies.
Research also addresses and adapts to future water resources management needs to
ensure that natural and engineered water systems have the capacity and resiliency to
meet current and future water needs. The SSWR program will continue developing,
implementing, and providing guidance on green infrastructure projects as a cost-
effective approach to stormwater management. Additionally, the SSWR research
program will continue to ensure the safety of America's water resources through new
approaches to monitor and mitigate aging distribution and collection systems.
SSWR research also focuses on protecting and restoring water resources for
designated uses (e.g., drinking water, aquatic life, recreation, industrial processes). In
FY 2014, the EPA's researchers will continue to develop tools for the better detection
and assessment of groups of highly harmful waterborne chemicals and microbial
contaminants. The EPA also is conducting research on uses of systems-based
approaches to identify and manage nutrient-degraded water resources and to promote
protection and recovery of those resources. In FY 2014, the SSWR research program
will continue developing integrated nutrient management methods for estuarine
ecosystems and watersheds to develop solutions that can be broadly applied to the
nation's coastal watersheds.
Energy and mineral extraction and production also have the potential to impact surface
and subsurface water resources. The SSWR program is developing assessment
techniques to assist our policy and decision makers in creating an environmentally
responsible energy policy. In particular, in FY 2014 hydraulic fracturing (HF) research
will focus on understanding the potential negative impacts of energy-associated
activities on water resources.
Multiple federal agencies are engaged in HF research, and the EPA is committed to
collaborating across agencies. In April 2012, the EPA signed a Memorandum of
Agreement (MOA) with DOE and DOI, develop a multi-agency program to focus on
timely, policy relevant science to support sound policy decisions by state and Federal
agencies for ensuring the prudent development of energy sources while protecting
human health and the environment. Additional goals include minimizing potential risks in
developing these resources, maximizing each agency's particular strength, and
reducing interagency overlap.
The EPA expects to publish the Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water
Resources draft report in late calendar year 2014. This report will outline the results of
research focused on the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on drinking water
resources, and, if so, what the driving factors are. Additionally, in a coordinated effort
between the SSWR and the Air, Climate and Energy (ACE) research programs, the
EPA will study potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on air, water quality, water
resources, ecosystems, and health risk.
12 For more information, see: http://water.epa.gov/type/wetlands/assessment/survev/index.cfm.
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Goal 3: Cleaning Up Communities and Advancing Sustainable Development
Strategic Goal: Clean up communities, advance sustainable development, and protect
disproportionately impacted low-income, minority, and tribal communities. Prevent
releases of harmful substances and clean up and restore contaminated areas.
23.2% of Budget
Resource Summary
(Dollars in Thousands)
Difference
FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2012 EN
FY2012 Annualized President's to FY 2014
Enacted CR Budget PresBud
1
2
3
- Promote Sustainable and Livable
Communities
- Preserve Land
- Restore Land
$485,886
$233,238
$1,126,822
$485,271
$231,095
$1,133,362
$452,388
$239,141
$1,102,147
($33,498)
$5,903
($24,675)
4 - Strengthen Human Health and
Environmental Protection in Indian
Country
$88,398 $87,094 $95,705
$7,308
Goal 3 Total
$1,934,343 $1,936,821 $1,889,381 ($44,962)
Workyears
4,334
4,349
4,262
(72)
NOTE: Goal objectives include indirect costs. Goal totals may not add due to rounding. FY 2013 Annualized CR as
of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriations
Introduction
The EPA strives to protect and restore land, one of America's most valuable resources,
by cleaning up communities to create a safer environment for all Americans. Hazardous
and non-hazardous wastes on land can migrate to air, groundwater and surface water,
contaminating drinking water supplies, causing acute illnesses and chronic diseases,
and threatening healthy ecosystems. The EPA will continue efforts to prevent and
reduce risks posed by releases of harmful substances to land, clean up communities,
strengthen state and Tribal partnerships, expand the conversation on environmentalism,
and work for environmental justice. The agency also will advance sustainable
development and maximize efforts to protect disproportionately impacted low-income,
minority, and Tribal communities through outreach and protection efforts for
communities historically underrepresented in the EPA's decision-making.
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to partner with state and tribal partners to prevent and
reduce exposure to contaminants. Improved compliance at high-risk oil and chemical
facilities through inspections will help prevent exposure and lower the risk of accidents.
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The EPA and its key state, tribal, and local partners, including affected communities,
have matured in our collaborative approaches to identifying and cleaning up
contaminated sites and putting these sites back into productive use for communities.
The EPA will continue the multi-year Integrated Cleanup Initiative (ICI) program for the
fifth year. The ICI identifies and implements opportunities to integrate and leverage the
full range of the agency's land cleanup authorities to accelerate the pace of cleanups,
address a greater number of contaminated sites, and put these sites back into
productive use while protecting human health and the environment. Furthermore, the
EPA will build on the lessons learned, such as increased communication, partnering
and planning, or phased tasking of remedial investigation projects. These changes in
contracting approaches are expected to improve performance, increase opportunities
for optimization, and enhance contract award opportunities for small and socio-
economically disadvantaged businesses.
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue its work to cleanup, redevelop, and revitalize
contaminated sites, such as Superfund sites, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA) sites, brownfield sites, and leaking underground storage tanks. Many
communities across the country regularly face risks posed by intentional and accidental
releases of hazardous substances into the environment. Through its RCRA Corrective
Action program, the EPA and its state partners issue, update, or maintain RCRA
permits for 2,465 hazardous waste facilities. Through these efforts, the EPA has
achieved a total of 3,041 RCRA facilities with human exposures to toxins under control
as of the end of FY 2012. In addition, there are 1,676 sites on the Superfund National
Priorities List (NPL), 364 of which have been deleted. Sites are placed on the NPL when
the presence of contamination, often from complex chemical mixtures of hazardous
substances, has impacted groundwater, surface water, and/or soil. The precise impact
of many contaminant mixtures on human health remains uncertain; however,
substances commonly found at Superfund sites have been linked to a variety of human
health problems, such as birth defects, infertility, cancer, and changes in
neurobehavioral functions. As of October 2012, the EPA had controlled human
exposures to contamination at 1,361 NPL sites.
Improvements to land cleanup programs (e.g., Superfund, Brownfields, RCRA
Corrective Action, and Leaking Underground Storage Tanks) to address the cleanup
needs at individual sites will be supported by sound scientific data, research, and cost-
effective tools that alert the EPA to emerging issues and inform agency decisions on
managing materials and addressing contaminated properties. The EPA also will
continue to implement its Community Engagement Initiative to ensure transparent and
accessible decision-making processes, deliver information that communities can use to
participate meaningfully, and help the EPA produce outcomes that are responsive to
community perspectives and that ensure timely cleanup decisions.
The Risk Management Program (RMP) provides the foundation for community and
hazard response planning by requiring chemical facilities to take preventative
measures, as well as collecting and sharing data to assist other stakeholders in
preventing and responding to releases of all types. Taken together, the RMP and
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Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) establish a structure
within which federal, state, local, and Tribal partners can work together to protect the
public, the economy, and the environment from chemical risks. Since FY 1996, there
has been a significant decrease in accidents reported at RMP facilities, from a high of
478 accidents in FY 1998 to a low of 122 accidents in FY 2011. Overall accident
reductions could be attributed to a number of factors including those actions taken by
facilities to prevent spills. The EPA has worked to increase inspection activities at high-
risk facilities, made it possible to submit RMPs online, and increased the number of
RMP inspectors.
Accidents at RMP Facilities FY 1997-2011
600
300
200
100
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Major FY 2014 Changes
To address resource constraints, the EPA carefully evaluated all cleanup activities to
assess where the pace of progress could be slowed, where other governmental entities
could provide needed support, or where requested increases had not been appropriated
in order to continue funding critical priorities. The EPA will direct limited resources to
best protect public health, especially in disadvantaged communities; support core work
of state and Tribal partners; and focus on the largest problems. Part of this effort
addresses operational efficiencies, under implementation of the Administration's
Management Agenda which has resulted in administrative savings and efficiencies. The
requested FY 2014 resources will enable the agency to maintain progress toward
longer-term goals in critical areas.
• The request of $539.1 million represents a decrease of $25.9 million from the FY
2012 Enacted Budget for EPA's Superfund Remedial program. In recognition of
these budget constraints, the EPA will downsize and rebalance the overall
Superfund Remedial program to give priority to completing projects at various
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stages in the response process as opposed to starting new project phases.
The request of $85 million represents a $9.8 million decrease in funding from the
FY 2012 Enacted Budget for Brownfields Projects grants. At this level of funding,
the Brownfields program will continue to foster federal, state, Tribal, local, and
public-private partnerships to return properties to productive economic use in
communities.
The $72.6 million request maintains support for the Tribal General Assistance
Program (GAP) at a $5.0 million increase compared to the FY 2012 Enacted
Budget. As the largest single source of the EPA's funding to tribes, the Tribal
GAP grants assist tribes to establish the capacity to implement programs to
address environmental and public health issues in Indian County.
The agency requests a total of $4.4 million in RCRA Waste Management within
two appropriations accounts for the development of an e-Manifest system, a key
component of the agency's E-Enterprise initiative. When fully implemented, the
e-Manifest program is estimated to reduce the burden of reporting costs for
regulated businesses in the range of $77 million to $126 million annually.
In FY 2014, the EPA will reduce support to states in LUST prevention assistance
agreements by $1.5 million and in LUST cooperative agreements by $1.6 million,
resulting in 2,400 fewer inspections conducted and approximately 155 fewer
cleanups, respectively. The decreased funding in FY 2014 may reduce state staff
levels, as approximately 75 and 80 percent of the state assistance agreements
are used for state staff salaries respectively. As EPA and states have increased
frequency of inspections and implement other prevention efforts, there has also
been a decrease in new confirmed releases. Continued reduction in confirmed
releases will remain a critical component in backlog reduction, but maintaining a
strong prevention program and cleanup progress are essential as well.
The EPA's Oil Spill program protects U.S. waters and communities. The request
of $17.1 million for the Oil Spill: Prevention, Preparedness and Response
program is an increase of $2.4 million from the FY 2012 Enacted Budget. This
level reflects an increase to improve the federal capacity to prevent oil spills by
conducting up to 34 additional high-risk facility inspections, thereby providing
additional protection of the oil storage network, the public, and the environment
from accidental releases.
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Oil Facility Compliance
I Found Initially Compliant
(Brought Into Compliance
Facility Type & Year
Priority Goal
The EPA has established an FY 2012-2013 Priority Goal to highlight progress made in
cleaning up contaminated sites. Four cleanup programs contribute to the priority goal -
Brownfields, Underground Storage Tanks, Superfund and RCRA Corrective Action. The
Priority Goal is:
• Clean up contaminated sites and make them ready for use. By September 30, 2013,
an additional 22,100 sites will be ready for anticipated use.
Since the EPA began collecting the number of sites ready for anticipated use (RAU) in
FY 2008, the cumulative number of sites RAU has increased. As of October 2012,
428,825 sites and 2,428,822 acres were made ready for anticipated use. Over the past
Cumulative Sites and Acres
Ready for Anticipated Use
FY08-FY12
3,000,000
2,500,000
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
0
2,428,822
1,059,886 1,101,717
FY08 FY09 FY10
• Sites • Acres
FY11
FY12
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three years the annual number of sites made RAU has decreased. This is primarily
because of the increasing cost and complexity of cleanups as well as a recalibration of
cleanup targets due to the expiration of funding such as that associated with the
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. For FY 2012, EPA achieved 99.3% (over
11,500 sites) of the FY 2012 milestone for this Priority Goal. The graphs below highlight
incremental progress in meeting RAU long-term and annual performance goals, which
is also the focus of the FY 2012-2013 Priority Goal.
Please note, as part of the formulation of the FY 2015 budget, the EPA will be
developing new FY 2014-2015 Priority Goals that advance the agency's priorities and
the agency's Strategic Plan. Additional information on the agency's Priority Goals can
be found at www.performance.gov.
FY 2014 Activities
Work under Goal 3 supports four objectives: 1) Promote Sustainable and Livable
Communities, 2) Preserve Land; 3) Restore Land; and 4) Strengthen Human Health and
Environmental Protection in Indian Country.
Promote Sustainable and Livable Communities
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to use several approaches to promote sustainable,
healthier communities and protect vulnerable populations and disproportionately
impacted low-income, minority, and Tribal communities. The agency especially is
Annual Sites
Ready for Anticipated Use
FY09-FY12
15,000
13,428
12,171
12,003
11,555
FY09
• Tanks
FY10
iBrownfields
SF
FY11
IRCRACA
FY12
concerned about threats to sensitive populations, such as children, the elderly, and
individuals with chronic diseases.
Brownfields:
The EPA's Brownfields program is funded at nearly $158.6 million, which includes
related Smart Growth activities. This program supports states, local communities, and
Tribes in their efforts to assess and cleanup sites that may be contaminated within their
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jurisdiction and return them to productive reuse. Although, the $9.8 million reduction in
grants may result in 20 fewer assessment grants, four fewer Revolving Loan Fund
grants, nine fewer cleanup grants, and two fewer Environmental Workforce
Development and Job Training grants, the EPA will still be able to award approximately
120 assessment grants, 51 cleanup grants, eight Revolving Loan Fund grants, 11
Environmental Workforce Development and Job Training grants, 20 area wide planning
grants, and a variety of technical assistance, targeted assessment, and petroleum
brownfields grants. In FY 2014, this support includes the continued assessment and
cleanup of brownfields sites along with activities that advance the goals of the HUD-
DOT-EPA Partnership for Sustainable Communities, including greater use among local
and state governments of sustainable redevelopment approaches to brownfields.
The EPA requests $2.4 million to oversee, manage and support hundreds of
brownfields cooperative agreements awarded each year, while removing barriers and
creating incentives for brownfields cleanup and redevelopment. This program will
continue to provide technical assistance for brownfields redevelopment in cities in
transition (areas struggling with high unemployment as a result of structural changes to
their economies). In addition, the Brownfields program, in collaboration with the EPA's
Smart Growth program, will address critical issues for brownfields redevelopment,
including financing, accountability to uniform systems of information for land use
controls, and other factors that influence the economic viability of brownfields
redevelopment. The FY 2014 funding request also includes a $300 thousand increase
to support Strong Cities, Strong Communities to provide guidance, technical assistance
and analytical support to local efforts to update land use codes to support the economic
trajectory of the community and better catalyze economic redevelopment. In FY 2014,
the Brownfields program will continue to foster federal, state, local, and public-private
partnerships to return properties to productive economic use in communities.
Smart Growth:
The agency's Smart Growth program works across the EPA and with other federal
agencies to help communities strengthen their economies and protect the environment
through use of smart growth and sustainable design approaches. This program focuses
on streamlining, concentrating, and leveraging state and federal assistance in urban,
suburban, and rural communities that offer the greatest opportunity for development that
will deliver environmental and economic benefits.
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $1.9 million to continue its work to help community and
government leaders meet environmental standards through sustainable community and
building development, design, policies, and infrastructure investment strategies. The
program does this by providing technical assistance to states, regions, and local and
Tribal governments; conducting research and developing tools that help communities
see the connection between development and the environment, the economy, and
public health; and engaging, leveraging and aligning community-based activities and
investments with other federal agencies. The program will continue to innovate and use
new mechanisms to address the growing demand from communities for more direct
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technical assistance, including in rural areas, in areas that are disadvantaged, or in
areas that have been adversely affected by contamination and environmental
degradation.
The agency also will continue its support for the HUD-DOT-EPA Partnership for
Sustainable Communities by coordinating efforts across the three agencies that impact
housing, transportation, air quality, and protection of land and water resources. EPA
and the Partnership will help support a broader Administration commitment to help
communities improve their resilience through direct technical assistance, provision of
useful data and tools, and support for planning. By aligning grant resources and
program investments, and through continued coordination among the three agencies,
EPA is helping to ensure that the federal government makes investments that advance
the Livability Principles and deliver economic, environmental and community benefits.
Environmental Justice:
The EPA is committed to environmental justice (EJ) regardless of race, color, national
origin, or income. Recognizing that minority and/or low-income communities frequently
may be exposed disproportionately to environmental harm and risks, the agency works
to protect these communities and to ensure they are given the opportunity to participate
meaningfully in environmental decisions, including clean-ups. In FY 2014, the
implementation of the EPA's strategic plan on environmental justice, Plan EJ 2014, by
agency programs and regional offices is a key component of the EJ program's efforts.
The EPA requests $7.6 million for the EJ program to continue its efforts to incorporate
EJ considerations into rulemaking and permitting processes, and to maintain the
successful ongoing grants program with an emphasis on ensuring evidence to support
needs described in proposed projects. In FY 2014, the EJ program will continue to apply
effective methods suitable for decision-making involving disproportionate environmental
health impacts on minority, low-income, and Tribal populations. The EPA also is
implementing technical guidance to advance the integration of EJ considerations in
analyses that support the EPA's actions.
U.S.-Mexico Border:
In FY 2014, the EPA is requesting $4.4 million for the US-Mexico Border program within
Goal 3. The 2,000 mile border between the U.S. and Mexico is one of the most complex
and dynamic regions in the world. The U.S.-Mexico Border region hosts a growing
population of more than 14 million people and accounts for three of the ten poorest
counties in the U.S. These demographics pose unique drinking water and wastewater
infrastructure challenges as well as air pollution issues. The Border 2020 program
identifies five long-term strategic goals to address the serious environmental
and environmentally-related public health challenges including the impact of
transboundary transport of pollutants in the border region. The goals are: reduce air
pollution; improve access to clean and safe water; promote materials management,
waste management and clean sites; enhance joint preparedness for environmental
response; and enhance compliance assurance and environmental stewardship.
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Preserve and Restore Land
In FY 2014, the agency is requesting over $1.341 billion to continue to apply the most
effective approaches to preserve and restore land by developing and implementing
prevention programs, improving response capabilities, and maximizing the effectiveness
of response and cleanup actions under RCRA, Superfund, LUST and other authorities.
This strategy will help ensure that human health and the environment are protected and
that land is returned to beneficial use in the most effective way.
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to use a hierarchy of approaches to protect the land:
reducing waste at its source, recycling waste, managing waste effectively by preventing
spills and releases of toxic materials, and cleaning up contaminated properties. The
agency is especially concerned about threats to sensitive populations, such as children,
the elderly, and individuals with chronic diseases, and prioritizes cleanups accordingly.1
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA, or Superfund) and RCRA provide legal authority for the EPA's work to
protect the land. The agency and its partners use Superfund authority to clean up
uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous waste sites, allowing land to be returned to
productive use. Under RCRA, the EPA works in partnership with states and tribes to
address risks associated with anyone who generates, recycles, transports, treats,
stores, or disposes of waste.
In FY 2014, the EPA will work to preserve and restore the nation's land by ensuring
proper management of waste and petroleum products, reducing waste generation,
increasing recycling and by supporting its cleanup programs and oversight of oil and
chemical facilities. These efforts are integrated with the agency's efforts to promote
sustainable and livable communities. The EPA's land program activities for FY 2014
include seven broad efforts: 1) Integrated Cleanup Initiative; 2) Land Cleanup and
Revitalization; 3) RCRA Waste Management and Corrective Action; 4) Recycling and
Waste Minimization; 5) Underground Storage Tanks management; 6) Oil Spills and
Chemical Safety, and 7) Homeland Security. Note, for FY 2014 the EPA will no longer
provide automatic transfers to other federal agencies from the Superfund Account.
Integrated Cleanup Initiative-:
In FY 2010, the EPA initiated a multi-year strategy called the Integrated Cleanup
Initiative (ICI) to improve accountability, transparency, and effectiveness by better
integrating and leveraging the agency's land cleanup authorities. The ICI establishes a
framework of activities, milestone dates, and deliverables to enable the EPA to address
a greater number of sites, accelerate the pace of cleanups, and put those sites back
into productive use while protecting human health and the environment. One of the
primary goals of ICI is to communicate progress, successes, and challenges in a
1 Additional information on these programs can be found at: www. epa. go v/superfund,
http://www.epa. gov/oem/content/er_cleanup.htnu http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/ca/, http://www.epa.gov/Brownfields/.
http://www.epa.gov/swerust 11. http://www.epa.gov/swerffrr/ and http://www.epa.gov/landrevitalization/index.htm
2 Additional information on this initiative may be found on http://www.epa.gov/oswer/integratedcleanup.htm.
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transparent manner to stakeholders and the public. For example, ICI helped streamline
the review processes of both the National Remedy Review Board (NRRB) and the
Contaminated Sediments Technical Advisory Group (CSTAG) by improving review
coordination by the different boards, increasing opportunity for stakeholder input, and
increasing the transparency of board findings.
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to accelerate and otherwise improve comprehensive
management of all aspects of the agency's cleanup programs while addressing the
three critical points in the cleanup process—starting, advancing, and completing site
cleanup. The agency is exploring new project management efficiencies, broadening the
use of optimization techniques, and improving the efficiency of the grants and
contracting processes that are so important to our cleanup programs.
Land Cleanup and Revitalization:
In addition to promoting sustainable and livable communities, the EPA's cleanup
programs (e.g., Superfund Remedial, Superfund Federal Facilities Response,
Superfund Emergency Response and Removal, RCRA Corrective Action, Brownfields,
TSCA PCB Cleanup and Disposal, and Leaking Underground Storage Tanks (LUST)
Cooperative Agreements) and their partners are taking proactive steps to facilitate the
cleanup and revitalization of contaminated properties. To support the Land
Revitalization Initiative, EPA created the Land Revitalization Agenda3 to integrate reuse
into EPA's cleanup programs, establish partnerships, and help make land revitalization
part of EPA's organizational culture. In FY 2014, the agency will continue to help
communities clean up and revitalize these once productive properties by removing
contamination, helping limit urban sprawl, fostering ecologic habitat enhancements,
enabling economic development, taking advantage of existing infrastructure, and
maintaining or improving quality of life. In addition, the EPA will continue to support the
RE-Powering America's Land initiative4 in partnership with the Department of Energy,
and support ongoing work with the General Services Administration to expeditiously
identify parcels of federally-owned property ready for reuse as part of cleanup. These
projects encourage reuse and development on currently or formerly contaminated land.
Due to tough budget choices, funding levels for the Superfund Emergency Response
and Removal program are reduced by approximately $1.8 million to $187.8 million. The
agency will continue to support all emergency actions and focus on encouraging viable
PRPs, when available, to conduct removal actions. In FY 2014, the EPA will oversee
170 PRP removal actions and 170 Superfund-lead removal actions where no viable
PRP has been identified. In addition, the agency is funding the Superfund Remedial
program at $539.1 million. The agency will continue to give priority to completing
projects at various stages in the response process, such as investigation, remedy
design, and remedy construction. This strategy will create a potential backlog of
approximately 40-45 new construction projects by the end of FY 2014. However, the
agency will continue to maintain its levels of sites achieving human exposures under
control and ground water migration under control, its statutorily mandated actions to
3 Additional information on this agenda can be found on http://www.epa. gov/landrevitalization/agenda_full. htm
4 Additional information on this initiative can be found on http://www.epa.gov/renewableenergyland/.
58
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operate ground water remedies, and to monitor and assess the protectiveness of the
constructed remedies. In addition, the program estimates accomplishing 115 remedial
action project completions in FY 2014. This projection is consistent with the FY 2013
target. The program also will continue to place emphasis on promoting site reuse in
affected communities and estimate bringing the program's cumulative total to 726 final
and deleted NPL sites ready for anticipated use by the end of FY 2014.
The EPA is making significant progress in assuring that prior to completion of cleanups,
unacceptable human exposures are eliminated or controlled as soon as possible. The
RCRA Corrective Action and Superfund programs have made significant progress in
stabilizing exposure, while longer-term cleanup progresses. The EPA will continue to
take action to address any unacceptable exposures and eliminate acute risks while
continuing to pursue long-term, permanent cleanups. This is exemplified by the EPA's
goal to control contaminated groundwater migration at 1,099 final and deleted NPL sites
and control human exposures to contamination at 1,381 final and deleted NPM sites by
the end of FY 2014.
RCRA Waste Management, Corrective Action and Hazardous Waste Financial
Assistance:
In partnership with the states, the agency requests $211.4 million to implement RCRA,
which is critical to comprehensive and protective management of solid and hazardous
materials for the entire lifecycle. In FY 2014, the EPA and the states will oversee and
manage RCRA permits for 10 thousand hazardous waste units at 2,465 facilities. The
EPA is responsible for the continued oversight and maintenance of the regulatory
controls at facilities covered by RCRA and directly implements the entire RCRA
program in Iowa and Alaska.5 The EPA provides leadership, work-sharing, and support
to the 50 states and territories authorized to implement the permitting program. With
declining state resources, the EPA is facing the potential of an increasing amount of
direct implementation responsibility.
The EPA's Corrective Action program is responsible for overseeing and managing
cleanups that protect human health and the environment at active RCRA sites. The
EPA focuses its corrective action resources on the 3,747 operating hazardous waste
facilities that are a subset of approximately 6 thousand sites with corrective action
obligations. These facilities include some of the most highly contaminated, technically
challenging, and potentially threatening sites the EPA confronts in any of its cleanup
programs. In FY 2014, the EPA will focus resources on those sites that present the
highest risk to human health and the environment and implement actions to end or
reduce these threats. To this end, the agency will build on its achievement of completing
final remedy constructions at an estimated total of 1,836 RCRA corrective action
facilities as of October 2012. In addition, the EPA will focus on controlling the migration
of groundwater at 80 percent of RCRA facilities and controlling human exposures to
5 http://www.epa.gov/wastes/hazard/tsd/permit/pgprarpt.htm
6 There are additional facilities that have corrective action obligations that the EPA does not track under GPRA, as they are
typically smaller, less significant facilities or sites. The EPA recognizes that the total universe of such facilities or sites "subject
to" corrective action universe is between five and six thousand facilities or sites.
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toxins at 90 percent of RCRA facilities in FY 2014. The agency also will support national
PCB cleanup and disposal activities by assessing emerging technologies and issuing
approvals (no states can be authorized for PCBs), evaluating PCB wastes against the
criteria specified in the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA).
Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest:
On October 5, 2012, the President signed the Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest
Establishment Act, requiring the EPA to assemble and maintain the information
contained in the estimated 5 million forms accompanying hazardous waste shipments
across the nation. In FY 2013, the EPA initiated the effort to develop a program that
provided for the submission of information electronically, as well as in paper form. This
investment at the federal level will significantly reduce the time and costs for state
regulators and regulated entities associated with submitting, maintaining, processing,
and publishing data from hazardous waste manifests. When fully implemented, the
electronic hazardous waste manifest (e-Manifest) program will reduce the reporting
burden for firms regulated under RCRA's hazardous waste provisions by a range of $77
million to $126 million annually. The legislation contains aggressive deadlines for
rulemaking and system development. Once this system is in place, the legislation
provides that fees collected through the program will be used to fund the operation of
the program.
In FY 2014, the EPA requests a total of $4.4 million, which includes $2.4 million in
RCRA Waste Management, to begin the e-Manifest system acquisition/development
process to meet the requirements outlined during the project planning phase; begin to
develop the economic models to support the development of a user-fee rule; and begin
needed analyses to support further revision of EPA regulations needed to implement an
e-Manifest system. E-Manifest will be a key component of the E-Enterprise initiative,
and will provide a number of framework components in support of E-Enterprise.
Recycling and Waste Minimization:
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to advance the sustainable materials management
(SMM) practices and a cradle-to-cradle perspective representing an important emphasis
shift from waste management to materials management. The agency's approach to
SMM integrates the safe reuse of materials with economic opportunity. In FY 2014, the
EPA will utilize SMM to offset the use of virgin resources by 8,603,033 tons of materials
and products. In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to work on sustainable food
management and used electronics, and will expand SMM work into other sectors, such
as strengthening the EPA's knowledge of the sustainability and the beneficial use of
industrial materials. SMM is managed through the RCRA: Waste Minimization and
Recycling program, for which the EPA has requested $9.4 million in FY 2014.
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The EPAct and Underground Storage Tanks:
The EPAct7 contains numerous provisions that significantly affect federal and state
underground storage tank (LIST) programs and requires that the EPA and states
strengthen tank release and prevention programs. In FY 2014 the EPA will continue to
provide grants to states to help them meet their EPAct responsibilities, which include: 1)
mandatory inspections every three years for all underground storage tanks and
enforcement of violations discovered during the inspections; 2) operator training; 3)
prohibition of delivery for non-complying facilities8; and 4) secondary containment or
financial responsibility for tank manufacturers and installers.
The EPA's goal is to prevent future releases of wastes in the environment. The agency
understands that accidents can happen but proper prevention leads to fewer and fewer
releases. For example, the number of confirmed releases from USTs has dropped 25
percent, from 7,570 in FY 2007 to 5,674 in FY 2012. The number of active tanks over
that period dropped 6 percent, from 629,866 to 583,508.
The LUST program has achieved significant success in closing releases since the
beginning of the program. Of the 507,540 total confirmed releases, by the end of FY
2012, 84 percent (or 425,637) were closed. The LUST program continues to make
progress decreasing the overall backlog; however, the pace of cleanups is declining. In
FY 2012, the program completed 97 percent of the annual cleanup goal of 11,250 sites
by finishing 10,927 cleanups. Achieving these cleanup rates in the future will be more
challenging. In FY 2011, the LUST program completed a study of its cleanup backlog.
The EPA's backlog study helped identify potential strategies to address the
approximately 83 thousand UST releases remaining. EPA is working with states to
develop and implement specific strategies and activities applicable to their particular
sites to reduce the UST releases remaining to be cleaned up.
There is a strong relationship between LUST clean up success and reducing the
number of new releases through the prevention program. Since 2007, the EPA has
placed an increased emphasis on monitoring compliance through increased frequency
of inspections and other Energy Policy Act (EPAct) provisions. During this time,
compliance rates have increased and there has been a significant decrease in new
confirmed releases. The continued reduction in confirmed releases will remain a critical
component in backlog reduction, but maintaining cleanup progress is essential as well.
Oil Spills and Chemical Safety:
The discharge of oil into U.S. waters can threaten human health, cause severe
environmental damage, and induce great financial loss to businesses and the public.
The Oil Spill program helps protect U.S. waters by effectively preventing, preparing for,
responding to, and monitoring oil spills. The EPA serves as the lead responder for
cleanup of all inland zone spills, including transportation-related spills from pipelines,
7 For more information, refer to http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-
bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=109_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ058.109.pdf (scroll to Title XV - Ethanol And Motor Fuels,
Subtitle B - Underground Storage Tank Compliance, on pages 500-513 of the pdf file).
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trucks, and other transportation systems, and provides technical assistance and support
to the U.S. Coast Guard for coastal and maritime oil spills. In FY 2014, the EPA will
continue to focus efforts on oil spill prevention, preparedness, compliance assistance,
and enforcement activities associated with the more than 600 thousand non-
transportation-related oil storage facilities that the EPA regulates through its Spill
Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Program. In addition, the agency will
finalize development and begin implementation of the National Oil Database including
identifying requirements for electronic submission of Facility Response Plans in order to
create reporting efficiencies for the agency, states, local government and industry.
In FY 2014, the EPA requests a total of $17.1 million which includes a $2.4 million
increase to improve the federal capacity to prevent oil spills by conducting up to 34
additional high-risk facility inspections. The EPA will perform inspections of regulated
high-risk oil facilities to better implement prevention approaches and to bring 50 percent
of SPCC inspected facilities found to be non-compliant during the FY 2010 through FY
2013 inspection cycle into compliance. In 2014, EPA anticipates performing 454
inspections, of which 154 are expected to be at high risk facility inspections.
In FY 2014, the EPA also requests $14.1 million which includes a $0.8 million increase
to support additional high-risk chemical facility inspections. There is a critical need for
the agency to continue efforts to prevent and respond to accidental releases of harmful
substances by developing clear authorities, training personnel, and providing proper
equipment. Accidents reported to the EPA since 2005 by the current universe of RMP
facilities have resulted in the deaths of approximately 60 workers and other people, over
1.3 thousand injuries, nearly 200 thousand people sheltered in place, and more than
$1.6 billion in on-site and off-site damages.
Homeland Security:
The EPA's Homeland Security work is an important component of the agency's
prevention, protection, and response activities. The FY 2014 President's Budget
requests $38.7 million to: maintain its capability to respond effectively to incidents that
may involve harmful chemical, biological, and radiological (CBR) substances; maintain
the Environmental Response Laboratory Network (ERLN); develop and maintain
agency expertise and operational readiness for all phases of consequential
management following a CBR incident, specifically environmental characterization,
decontamination, laboratory analyses and clearance; maintain the Emergency
Management Portal (EMP); and conduct CBR training for agency responders to improve
CBR preparedness.
Improve Human Health and the Environment in Indian Country
In FY 2014, the EPA will work with Tribal governments to develop and implement
strategic planning through joint Tribal-EPA partnership plans. This will assist the agency
and Tribal governments in identifying key procedures and milestones for building
capacity for specific programs. Capacity to develop environmental education and
outreach programs, develop and implement integrated solid waste management plans,
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and identify serious conditions posing immediate public health and ecological threats, is
important for the health of Tribal communities. In FY 2014, Tribal GAP grants will
maintain progress toward building Tribal capacity and assist tribes in leveraging other
EPA and federal funding to contribute towards environmental and human health
protection for this underserved population. Due to continued high staff turnover rates
within tribes, the funding increases requested in the President's Budget are critical for
building and sustaining core environmental program capacities.
Under federal environmental statutes, the EPA has responsibility for protecting human
health and the environment in Indian country. Since adopting the EPA Indian Policy in
1984, the EPA has worked with federally-recognized tribes on a government-to-
government basis, in recognition of the federal government's trust responsibility to
federally-recognized tribes. In FY 2014, the EPA's Office of International and Tribal
Affairs will continue to lead agency-wide program efforts to work with tribes, Alaska
Native Villages, and inter-tribal consortia to fulfill this responsibility. The EPA's strategy
for achieving this objective has two major components:
• Work with federally-recognized tribes who want to create an environmental program
through: direct technical assistance; implementation of the Indian General
Assistance Program (GAP); development of joint strategic plans; and development
of measures for tracking progress made toward achieving environmental program
goals.
• Gather, track, analyze and provide the information and data necessary to access,
review, and prioritize Tribal environmental conditions for joint planning uses and to
determine the effectiveness of the EPA and Tribal programs in improving
environmental.
Research
The Sustainable and Healthy Communities Research Program (SHCRP) will continue
research to support the EPA's program offices, and our state and Tribal partners in
protecting and restoring land, and supporting community health. The work of the
SHCRP falls into four inter-related themes:
1. Data and Tools to Support Sustainable Community Decisions uses interactive
social media and other innovative means to enable communities and
stakeholders to actively engage in the planning, design, and implementation of
SHC research to meet their desired sustainability goals;
2. Forecasting and Assessing Ecological and Community Health will enable
communities to ensure the sustainable provision of ecosystem services and to
assess how the natural and built environment affects the health and well-being of
their residents;
3. Near-term Approaches for Sustainable Solutions builds upon the EPA's program
office experience to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of methods for
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addressing existing sources of land and groundwater contamination, while
moving to innovative approaches that reduce new sources of contamination and
enable recovery of energy, materials, and nutrients from waste;
4. Integrated Solutions for Sustainable Outcomes assesses the state of the art of
sustainable practices for four high-priority community decision areas: waste and
materials management; infrastructure, including energy and water;
transportation; and planning and zoning for buildings and land use. It will use
whole-system modeling to integrate these four areas to better achieve outcomes
with multiple benefits and to develop and test Taskforce on Research to Inform
and Optimize (TRIO) accounting methods.
In FY 2014, the SHCRP will address many facets of site contamination and cleanup.
This includes source elimination of contaminated ground water and migration at
Superfund sites and plume management to reduce exposures via drinking water and
vapor intrusion. Research efforts are leading to screening, sampling, and modeling
approaches to assess risks from vapor intrusion and to define the need for mitigation in
homes, schools, and places of employment. This science will be used to develop
guidance on site assessment and in remedial investigations.
Research will characterize contaminated sediments, remediation options, and ways to
enhance cleanup of contaminated sediments, leading to restored ecological functioning
and lifting of fish consumption advisories in impaired waters. The EPA will use this
research to improve the cost effectiveness of sediment remediation cleanups and
achieve human health, environmental, and economic benefits of cleanup projects along
lakes and rivers. This research provides site-specific and general technical support to
the EPA as it evaluates options for remediation of Superfund sites.
The EPA will continue to develop or revise protocols to test oil spill control agents or
products for listing on the National Contingency Plan Product Schedule, including
dispersants' performance and behavior in deep water. In addition, the agency is
requesting $498 thousand to support research for the Underground Storage Tanks
program. The SHCRP will deliver improved characterization and remediation methods
for fuels released from leaking underground storage tanks.
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Goal 4: Ensuring the Safety of Chemicals and Preventing Pollution
Strategic Goal: Reduce the risk and increase the safety of chemicals and prevent
pollution at the source.
Resource Summary
(Dollars in Thousands)
1
2
^ w
^m w
8.4% of Budget
- Ensure Chemical Safety
- Promote Pollution Prevention
Goal 4 Total
FY2012
Enacted
$601,318
$58,029
$659,346
FY2013
Annualized
CR
$597,893
$56,613
$654,506
FY2014
President's
Budget
$627,636
$58,559
$686,195
Difference
FY 201 2 EN
to FY 201 4
PresBud
$26,319
$530
$26,849
Workyears
2,679
2,634
2,593
(87)
NOTE: Goal objectives include indirect costs. Goal totals may not add due to rounding. FY 2013 Annualized CR as
of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriations.
Introduction
Chemicals are ubiquitous in our everyday lives and products. They are used in the
production of everything from our homes and cars to the cell phones we carry and the
food we eat. Chemicals often are released into the environment as a result of their
manufacture, processing, use, and disposal. Research shows that children are getting
steady infusions of industrial chemicals before they are even given solid food.1'2'3 Other
vulnerable groups, including low-income, minority, and indigenous populations, may be
disproportionately impacted by chemical exposure and thus particularly at risk.4'5'6
1 The Disproportionate Impact of Environmental Health Threats on Children of Color
(http://vosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/8d49f7ad4bbcf4ef852573590040b7f6/79a3fl3c301688828525770c0063
b277 iOpenDocumenf)
2 Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks
3 Guide to Considering Children's Health When Developing EPA Actions: Implementing Executive Order 13045
and EPA's Policy on Evaluating Health Risks to Children
(http://vosemite.epa.gov/ochp/ochpweb.nsf/content/ADPguide.htm/$File/EPAADP Guide 508.pdf)
4 Holistic Risk-based Environmental Decision Making: a Native Perspective
(http://www.ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC 1241171')
5 Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low
Income Populations
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Under existing Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) authorization, the EPA is charged
with the responsibility of assessing the safety of commercial chemicals and to act upon
those chemicals if there are significant risks to human health or the environment. The
$686.2 million requested in FY 2014 will allow the EPA to sustain its success in
managing the potential risks of new chemicals entering commerce without impacting
progress in assessing and ensuring the safety of existing chemicals. In FY 2014, the
approach focuses on: 1) using all available authorities under TSCA to take immediate
and lasting action to eliminate or reduce identified chemical risks and develop proven
safer alternatives; 2) using regulatory mechanisms to fill remaining gaps in critical
exposure data, and increasing transparency and public access to information on TSCA
chemicals; and 3) using data from all available sources to conduct detailed chemical
risk assessments on priority chemicals to determine which risk management actions
may be needed and why. In FY 2014, the EPA will discontinue funding for the fibers
program. The fibers program, which is primarily administered by States via their
departments of environmental protection or health, will continue to be where the public
gets their information about asbestos. EPA will continue asbestos-related efforts
elsewhere through the provision of State grants for asbestos compliance.
In FY 2014, the EPA's pesticide licensing program will continue to evaluate new
pesticides before they reach the market and will continue to ensure that pesticides
already in commerce are safe when used in accordance with the label. As directed by
the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), and the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA), the
EPA will register pesticides to protect consumers, pesticide users, workers who may be
exposed to pesticides, children, and other sensitive populations. The EPA also will
review potential impacts on the environment, with particular attention to endangered
species.
The EPA has a long history of collaboration on a wide range of domestic and global
environmental issues. The EPA envisions that environmental progress in cooperation
with international partners can catalyze even greater progress toward protecting our
environment, including ensuring that trade-related activities sustain environmental
protection, enhancing the ability of our trading partners to protect their environments
and develop in a sustainable manner, and improving cooperation and enhancing
opportunities through effective consultation and collaboration related to issues of mutual
interest. To advance all of these efforts, the EPA continues to focus on the following
international priorities: building strong environmental institutions and legal structures;
improving air quality; expanding access to clean water; reducing exposure to toxic
chemicals; and cleaning up e-waste.
Chemical safety research is directed to manage the risks arising from exposure to
hazardous chemical substances. The complexity of twenty-first century socio-
environmental challenges demand enhanced risk prevention and mitigation tools for
new and existing chemicals that consider the proactive and sustainable design,
6 Interim Guidance on Considering Environmental Justice During the Development of an Action
(http://www.epa.gov/compliance/ej/resources/policv/considering-ej-in-rulemaking-guide-07-2010.pdf)
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manufacture, use, and disposal of chemicals. One of the principal examples of this
forward thinking is the computational toxicology work under the Toxicity Forecaster
(ToxCast) program, which will focus on the following issues: improvement of
computational systems models of pathways and tissues, development of rapid cost-
efficient exposure models (ExpoCast), and the implementation of web-based tools
(Dashboards) for analysis and decision support. Achieving an environmentally
sustainable future demands that the EPA address today's environmental problems while
simultaneously preparing for long-term challenges. These efforts support the
development and employment of approaches for alternative sustainable product
formulations found by studying chemical life cycles to address issues of cumulative risk,
environmental chemical mixtures, population-vulnerability, and environmental justice, as
related to exposure disparities. The EPA's Science Advisory Board (SAB) recognizes
that solutions must tackle issues collectively, rather than individually, to be effective.7
This belief is a core philosophy of the EPA's FY 2014 research program and it will
position the agency to address the environmental challenges of the 21st Century.
Pollution prevention is central to the EPA's sustainability strategies. In FY 2014, the
EPA will enhance cross-cutting efforts to advance sustainable practices, safer
chemicals, sustainable lower risk processes and practices, and safer products. The
combined effect of community-level actions, geographically-targeted efforts, attention to
chemicals, and concern for ecosystems — implemented through the lens of science,
transparency, and law — will bring real environmental improvements and protections.
Major FY 2014 Changes
Recognizing the tight limits on discretionary spending across government, the EPA has
evaluated its priorities and made necessary adjustments to focus FY 2014 resources on
the most significant efforts that help protect health and the environment from chemical
risks. The EPA request represents an increase in FY 2014 of approximately $6.2 million
above the FY 2012 Enacted Budget for critical work in the objective of Ensuring
Chemical Safety under the Chemical Risk Review and Reduction program. This
increase is targeted to the following activities: continue development and peer review in
order to finalize risk assessments of additional TSCA work plan chemicals; and increase
the pace of its review of existing TSCA confidential business information cases, with the
goal of having all such reviews completed a year in advance of the target date in the FY
2011 - 2015 EPA Strategic Plan.
FY 2014 Activities
Chemicals Program
The chemicals program addresses new chemicals, existing chemicals and legacy
chemicals. The major activity of the new chemicals program is premanufacture notices
(PMN) review and management, which addresses the potential risks from approximately
1,000 chemicals, products of biotechnology, and new chemical nanoscale materials
7http://vosemite.epa.gov/sab/sabproduct.nsf/E989ECFC125966428525775B0047BElA/$File/EPA-SAB-10-010-
unsigned.pdf
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received annually prior to their entry into the US marketplace. In FY 2014, the toxics
program will maintain its 'zero tolerance' goal in preventing the introduction of unsafe
new chemicals into commerce.
The greatest challenge is to address existing chemicals already in use but where
available information is limited. Existing chemicals activities fall into three major
components: 1) obtaining, managing, and making chemical information public; 2)
screening and assessing chemical risks; and 3) reducing chemical risks. Progress will
be made to address existing chemicals already in commerce under EPA's
comprehensive approach to enhance the agency's existing chemicals management
program, including under EPA's TSCA Work Plan that evaluates these chemicals in a
manner which is efficient and prioritized according to potential risk.
In FY 2014, EPA also expects to complete final risk assessments in FY 2014 for three
of the 83 TSCA Work Plan Chemicals identified in March 2012, while making further
progress in assessing risks for up to 18 additional chemicals.
In FY 2014, the agency will continue to implement the chemicals risk management
program to further eliminate risks from high-risk "legacy" chemicals. As illustrated in the
following figure, the EPA will build on the successful national effort to reduce childhood
blood lead incidences and continue ongoing implementation of the Lead Renovation,
Repair and Painting (RRP) Rule through outreach efforts and targeted activities to
support renovator certifications.
Children's Risk
Blood Lead Levels for Children aged 1-5
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
>10 ug/dL
Elevated Lead
Levels
>5 Ug/dL
New Concern Lead
Levels
>5 Ug/dL
TARGET Lead Levels
For near Future
^*
i$r
Endocrine Disrupter Program
In FY 2014, the endocrine disrupter screening program will focus on several areas. The
program plans to
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• Finalize the inter-laboratory validation of test protocols to be used to determine
the endocrine-related effects caused by potential endocrine disrupters at various
doses;
• Prioritize and select additional chemicals to undergo screening to determine
potential for endocrine disruption;
• Continue to issue orders to conduct testing for selected chemicals; and
• Review test data submitted and conduct weight of evidence (WoE) evaluations to
determine whether pesticide chemicals have the potential to interact with
endocrine systems, and whether the chemical warrants further testing for
endocrine effects.
Further, the program will continue coordination and collaboration with the research and
development program to identify computational toxicology-based approaches which
may be used for chemical prioritization and to develop a more targeted approach to
assess a chemical's potential to interact with the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid
systems.
Pesticides Program
Identifying, assessing, and reducing the risks presented by the pesticides on which our
society and economy depend are integral to ensuring chemical safety. Chemical and
biological pesticides help meet national and global demands for food. They provide
effective pest control for homes, schools, gardens, highways, utility lines, hospitals, and
drinking water treatment facilities while also controlling animal vectors of disease. The
program ensures that the pesticides available in the U.S. are safe when used as
directed. In addition, the program places priority on reduced risk pesticides that, once
registered, will result in increased societal benefits.
In FY 2014, $129.5 million is requested to support the EPA pesticide review processes
for all pesticide applications. The EPA also will focus on improving pesticide
registrations' compliance with the Endangered Species Act and ensuring that pesticides
are correctly registered and applied to ensure protection of water quality. The EPA will
continue registration and reregistration requirements for antimicrobial pesticides which
differ somewhat from those of other pesticides. The EPA also will continue to
emphasize the protection of potentially sensitive groups, such as children, by reducing
exposures from pesticides used in and around homes, schools, and other public areas.
In addition, the agency worker protection, certification, and training programs will
encourage safe application practices. Together, these programs will minimize exposure
to pesticides, maintain a safe and affordable food supply, address public health issues,
and minimize property damage that can occur from insects, pests and microbes.
Pollution Prevention Program
In FY 2014, the requested funding of $20.3 million for the EPA's pollution prevention
(P2) program will target technical assistance, information, and assessments to
encourage the use of greener chemicals, technologies, processes, and products. The
EPA will continue to support programs with proven records of success, including
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Environmentally Preferable Purchasing (EPP), Design for the Environment (DfE), Green
Suppliers Network, Pollution Prevention Technical Assistance, Partnership for
Sustainable Healthcare, Green Chemistry and Green Engineering. In addition, the
EPA's P2 Programs will support the Economy, Energy, and Environment (E3)
Partnership among federal agencies, local governments, and manufacturers to promote
energy efficiency, job creation, and environmental improvement. E3 partnerships are
active in 18 states; organizations in another 15 states and territories have begun the E3
process. Work under these programs also supports the energy reduction goals under
Executive Order 13514. Through these efforts, the EPA will continue to encourage
government and business to adopt source reduction practices that can help prevent
pollution and avoid potential adverse human health and environmental impacts. In FY
2014, the EPA will leverage expertise from other EPA programs to enhance new
pollution prevention education and outreach resources and create mechanisms to
ensure their use. Through an intra-agency working group, each program office will
disseminate educational resources and information to the public.
International Priorities
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to work to improve air quality, expand access to clean
water, and protect vulnerable communities from toxic pollution that extends from North
America to nearly 180 nations worldwide. Through collaborative efforts with partners
from around the world, the EPA is working to facilitate commerce, promote sustainable
development, protect vulnerable populations and engage in environmental issues. In
June 2012 Administrator Lisa Jackson attended the United Nations Conference on
Sustainable Development, commonly referred to as Rio+20. The Administrator worked
to advance U.S. positions in promoting a global green economy.
Specifically, the EPA's bilateral and multilateral partnerships will continue to address
environmental health outcomes. The agency's international priorities will guide
collaboration with Commission on Environmental Cooperation (CEC) and all
international partners.
Through these partnerships, the EPA will maintain focus on several priorities. It will
continue building strong environmental institutions and legal structure and combating
climate change by limiting pollutants and improving air quality in the U.S. and around
the world. The EPA expects to focus on assisting less developed countries with
technical support needed for ratification of the Minamata Mercury Convention, a legally-
binding convention directed at reducing global mercury pollution that was adopted by
delegates from over 140 countries in January 2013. The EPA also expects to focus on
continued technical and policy support for global and regional efforts to address
international sources of mercury use and emission. Reducing exposure to toxic
chemicals and cleaning up e-waste also will be a priority.
Research
The EPA's Chemical Safety and Sustainability, Human Health Risk Assessment, and
Homeland Security Research programs underpin the analysis of risks and potential
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health impacts across the broad spectrum of EPA programs and provide the scientific
foundation for chemical safety and pollution prevention. In FY 2014, the EPA will further
strengthen its planning and delivery of science by continuing an integrated research
approach that tackles problems systematically instead of individually.
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue the multi-year transition away from the traditional
assays used in the endocrine disrupter screening program through efforts to validate
and use computational toxicology and high throughput screening methods. This is
expected to allow the agency to more quickly, efficiently, and cost-effectively assess
potential chemical toxicity. In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to evaluate endocrine-
relevant ToxCast high throughput assays to increase coverage for known endocrine
toxicity pathways through the scientific understanding of adverse outcome pathways.
In FY 2014, the agency's Human Health Risk Assessment research program will
continue to develop assessments and other research products including:
• Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) health hazard and dose-response
assessments;
• Integrated Science Assessments (ISAs) of criteria air pollutants;
• Community Risk and Technical Support; and
• Methods, models, and approaches to modernize risk assessment for the 21st
Century.
In FY 2014, the program will release a final Integrated Science Assessment evaluating
the health effects of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides to contribute to the EPA's review
of the primary NAAQS for these air pollutants. The program also will make significant
progress toward completion health hazard assessments of high priority chemicals (e.g.,
arsenic (inorganic) and cumulative phthalates).
The Homeland Security research program (HSRP) will continue to enhance the nation's
preparedness, response, and recovery capabilities for homeland security incidents and
other hazards. The HSRP will provide stakeholders with valuable detection and
response analytics for incidents involving chemical, biological, or radiological agents.
The program will emphasize research needed to support response and recovery from
wide-area attacks involving radiological agents, nuclear agents, and biothreat agents
such as anthrax.
The EPA will allocate $164.3 million to the Chemical Safety and Sustainability, Human
Health Risk Assessment, and Homeland Security Research programs in FY2014.
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Goal 5: Enforcing Environmental Laws
Strategic Goal: Protect human health and the environment through vigorous and
targeted civil and criminal enforcement. Assure compliance with environmental laws.
10.3% of Budget
Resource Summary
(Dollars in Thousands)
FY2013
FY2012 Annualized
Enacted CR
FY 2014
President's
Budget
Difference
FY 2012 EN
to FY 2014
PresBud
1 - Enforce Environmental Laws
$785,630 $782,925 $840,553
$54,923
Goal 5 Total
$785,630 $782,925 $840,553
$54,923
Workyears
3,905
3,883
3,823
(82)
NOTE: Goal objectives include indirect costs. Goal totals may not add due to rounding. FY 2013 Annualized CR as
of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriations.
Introduction
The EPA's civil and criminal enforcement programs assure compliance with our nation's
environmental laws. A strong and effective enforcement program is essential to
ensuring compliance with our laws and regulations and maintaining a level economic
playing field, and to realizing the public health and environmental protections our federal
statutes were created to achieve. The EPA is committed to helping support public health
in communities disproportionately burdened by pollution through integrating and
addressing issues of environmental justice (EJ) in the EPA's programs and policies as
part of its day-to-day business. The EPA's EJ program promotes accountability for
compliance with Executive Order 12898, "Federal Actions to Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations."
On January 18, 2011, President Obama issued a "Presidential Memoranda -
Regulatory Compliance"1 which reaffirms the importance of effective enforcement and
compliance with regulations. It states "Sound regulatory enforcement promotes the
welfare of Americans in many ways, by increasing public safety, improving working
conditions, and protecting the air we breathe and the water we drink. Consistent
regulatory enforcement also levels the playing field among regulated entities, ensuring
that those that fail to comply with the law do not have an unfair advantage over their
law-abiding competitors."
1 Please see: http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/01/18/presidential-memoranda-regulatorv-
compliance
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In FY 2014, the EPA seeks to maintain the strength of its core national enforcement and
compliance assurance program. Recognizing the tight fiscal climate at both the federal
and state level, the agency will implement strategies that use resources more efficiently
and find opportunities to focus and leverage efforts to assure compliance with
environmental laws.
The EPA has achieved impressive pollution control and health benefits through vigorous
compliance monitoring and enforcement, but the sheer number of regulated facilities,
the contribution of large numbers of smaller sources of pollution, combined with federal
and state budget constraints has made it necessary for the EPA to go beyond the
traditional single facility inspection and enforcement approach to ensure widespread
compliance. In light of fiscal constraints, the need to innovate is even greater in order for
the EPA to achieve gains in compliance over the long-term. The EPA is developing and
implementing new methods based on advances in both monitoring and information
technology that will improve compliance and our ability to focus on the most serious
violations, and through electronic reporting will reduce paperwork burdens on business
and our governmental partners.
This initiative, Next Generation Compliance, incorporates multiple components: the use
of state-of-the-art monitoring technology to detect pollution problems; leveraging
electronic reporting to enhance government efficiency and reduce paperwork reporting
burden; enhancing transparency so the public is aware of facility and government
environmental performance; implementing innovative enforcement approaches; and
structuring regulations to be more effective to achieve improved compliance. In FY
2014, the EPA's national enforcement and compliance assurance program will continue
its efforts to implement Next Generation Compliance approaches to achieve the EPA's
goals more efficiently and effectively. Next Generation Compliance complements the
agency's new E-Enterprise initiative. The agency's E-Enterprise initiative supports all of
the agency's goals and programs. By the end of FY 2013, the EPA expects to finalize
and formally endorse key operational components of the agency's E-Enterprise
initiative, including the plan for joint governance by the states and the EPA, and the
framework for business case analyses which will guide operations. The initiative will
reduce the paperwork and regulatory reporting burden on regulated entities and provide
easier access to and use of environmental data. E-Enterprise resources in the
Enforcement and Compliance Assurance program will support three initiatives: 1)
Developing a field collection, evidence management, and reporting system for
conducting compliance monitoring inspections; 2) Partnering with states to develop and
implement fillable e-forms for electronically reporting NPDES information; and 3)
Supporting e-reporting rule development and program evaluation.
In FY 2014, the agency proposes to accelerate its Next Generation Compliance
approaches to harness state-of-the-art technology to make this program more efficient
and effective. In particular, the burden and costs of monitoring and compliance reporting
will be reduced for the EPA and others by investing in state-of-the-art monitoring
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technology and supporting electronic interaction with the regulated community. This will
allow the EPA and others to move away from the traditional model of reliance on time-
consuming and expensive individual facility inspections and paper reporting. For
example, the Ohio National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program
was able to increase compliance and achieve efficiencies by switching from a system of
paper-based Discharge Monitoring Reports (DMRs) to electronic submissions. With
more efficient management of the DMR process, the Ohio program was able to
10000 n
Ohio E-DMR Usage vs. NPDES Compliance Rate in FY 2009
(7/08-6/09)
j- 100%
o
1
o
0>
0.
0>
.2
3
Jill Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Reporting Month
I Sample Frequency Violations
] Limit Violations
•%eDMR Useage
reduce data staff from eight employees to two, allowing the redeployment of six FTE to
other priority work. Additionally, non-compliance rates were reduced by over 50 percent
in one year by managing DMRs electronically. Data errors were reduced from 50,000
per month to 5,000. The EPA is pursuing a national NPDES rule to replicate similar
efficiencies and improved compliance nationwide.
The agency also will continue to emphasize the importance of making compliance
information publicly available to better serve the American people and provide an
incentive to promote greater compliance with environmental laws. The agency's
Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO) tool is the EPA's premier web-
based tool that provides public access to compliance and enforcement information for
approximately 800,000 EPA-regulated facilities. The EPA, state and local environmental
agencies collect/report data from facilities and from their own activities and submit that
data to EPA databases. In addition, ECHO includes State Performance dashboards for
the Clean Water Act (CWA), Clean Air Act (CAA) and Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) to allow users to assess each state's performance in enforcing
the various environmental statutes as well as integrate facility information across media
specific data systems. Through ECHO and its reports, users can now view this data in a
comprehensive and organized manner, including a search function. ECHO reports
provide a snapshot of a facility's environmental record, showing dates and types of any
violations, as well as the state or federal government's response. The system allows the
public to monitor environmental compliance in communities, corporations to monitor
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compliance across facilities they own, and investors to more easily factor environmental
performance into their decisions. ECHO usage has grown to more than 2 million queries
in FY 2012.
Number ECHO Queries by Fiscal Year
2,500,000
2,000,000
0
13 Million* Queries Run SfnceNov2002.
Includes publfcand government data use
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
The Next Generation Compliance effort will enable the EPA to evaluate the
effectiveness of its enforcement and compliance strategies. The agency is working to
develop tools that will help collect data to establish a baseline level of environmental
compliance information. For example, converting paper-based reporting to electronic
will reduce reporting burdens on facilities. The conversion to electronic reporting
coupled with advanced monitoring will provide the EPA and the states with more
complete data on regulated sources, their emissions/discharges and their compliance
status. More complete, timely information will allow the agency to evaluate compliance,
experiment with new approaches and identify what works. This more complete data can
be made publicly available, with transparency itself serving as a compliance driver.
Major FY 2014 Changes
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $604 million for its National Enforcement and Compliance
Assurance program to support Goal 5.2 The EPA's FY 2014 budget submission for the
Enforcement and Compliance Assurance program continues to focus on the highest
priority work - those pollution problems that pose the greatest threat to human health
and the environment, including work on the national enforcement initiatives. The budget
also reflects efforts to reshape and realign the workforce to accommodate changes in
programmatic direction and strengthen expertise by balancing the appropriate skill mix,
2 EPA requests a total of $625 million for the National Enforcement and Compliance Assurance program. There are
additional resources for the program under Goals 2, 3 and 4.
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and reducing administrative support through efficiencies. The EPA carefully evaluated
program activities and will direct limited resources to where they can best protect public
health, especially in disadvantaged communities; support core work of state and Tribal
partners; and focus on the largest pollution problems.
• With the overall objective of assisting the agency with achieving its goals more
efficiently and effectively, the EPA's National Enforcement and Compliance
Assurance program is in the process of restructuring its workforce and reducing a
total of 62.8 FTE, a cut of 2.0 percent from FY 2012 FTE levels. The EPA will
prioritize resources to continue to address the most important public health and
environmental compliance problems. This effort, in part, will allow for additional
resources to assist the program with the following activities:
• $6.4 million to maintain the capacity and support for case development,
negotiation, and litigation;
• $4.1 million for high priority activities such as conducting compliance
inspections, maintaining compliance monitoring tools for effective targeting
and supporting EPA's enforcement data systems; and
• $2.8 million to provide support for targeted, intelligence-led enforcement
activities which will permit criminal agents to more quickly and effectively
investigate complex cases.
• In FY 2014, the agency requests $4.0 million for a new Evidence-Based
Enforcement grant program. This competitive grant program will assist states in
developing evidence-based, innovative approaches for enforcement and
compliance, as well as collecting data to assess and improve the enforcement
and compliance program.
• In FY 2014, the EPA requests an increase of $15.0 million in E-Enterprise for the
Enforcement program to assess and streamline regulations where possible and
transition from paper-based to electronic reporting to reduce burden on regulated
entities and provide easier access to and use of environmental data. These
resources also will increase the EPA's ability to detect violations that impact
public health, reduce transaction costs, and better engage the public to drive
behavioral changes in the regulated community.
Priority Goal
The EPA FY 2012-2013 Priority Goal on electronic reporting is part of the Agency-wide
E-Enterprise initiative. While the enforcement program has a lead role in implementing
this goal by co-chairing a newly-formed EPA task force, this is a cross-program agency
goal. The Priority Goal is:
• Increase transparency and reduce burden through e-Reporting. By September
30, 2013, develop a plan to convert existing paper reports into electronic
reporting, establish electronic reporting in at least four key programs, and adopt a
policy for including electronic reporting in new rules.
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Please note, as part of the formulation of the FY 2015 budget, the EPA will develop new
FY 2014-2015 Priority Goals that advance the agency's Priorities and the agency's
Strategic Plan. Additional information on the agency's Priority Goals can be found at
www.performance.gov.
FY 2014 Activities
The FY 2014 budget incorporates difficult decisions to reduce spending for activities
where we have made significant progress (and therefore no longer require as active an
enforcement presence), or that, while important, do not address the most substantial
impacts to human health. The agency remains committed to implementing a strong
enforcement and compliance program focused on identifying and reducing non-
compliance and deterring future violations. To meet this commitment, the program
employs a variety of activities, including data collection and analysis, compliance
monitoring, assistance, civil and criminal enforcement efforts and innovative and
evidence-based problem-solving approaches to identify and address the most
significant environmental issues. In FY 2014 these efforts will be enhanced through
Next Generation Compliance approaches that rely on modern reporting and monitoring
tools to advance implementation of the agency's priorities and core program work.
Focus Areas:
• Protecting Air Quality: In FY 2014, the EPA will help improve air quality in
communities by targeting large pollution sources, especially in the utility, acid,
cement, glass and natural gas exploration and production industries that are not
complying with environmental laws and regulations. Where the EPA finds non-
compliance, the agency will take action to bring them into compliance, which may
include installing controls that will benefit communities or improving emission
monitoring. Enforcement activities to cut toxic air pollution in communities improve
the health of residents, particularly those overburdened by pollution. In FY 2014 the
EPA will undertake an effort to examine the general deterrent effect of EPA
enforcement actions on the pollution control practices of air toxics emitters.
• Protecting America's Waters: In FY 2014, the EPA will work with states to revamp
compliance and enforcement approaches to more effectively and efficiently address
the most important water pollution problems. Our focus will include getting raw
sewage out of water, cutting pollution from animal waste, and reducing pollution from
stormwater runoff. The EPA also will continue to promote an integrated planning
strategy for addressing municipal sewage and stormwater challenges, including the
use of lower cost and innovative approaches. These efforts will help to clean up great
waters like the Chesapeake Bay and will focus on revitalizing urban communities by
protecting and restoring urban waters. Enforcement efforts will also support the goal
of assuring clean drinking water for all communities, including small systems and in
Indian country.
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• Cleaning Up Our Communities: In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to protect
communities by ensuring that responsible parties conduct Superfund and other
cleanups, saving federal dollars for sites where there are no viable contributing
parties. Ensuring that responsible parties clean up the sites also reduces direct
human exposure to hazardous pollutants and contaminants, provides for long-term
human health protection, and ultimately makes contaminated properties available for
reuse. We will continue to integrate environmental justice into the site remediation
enforcement program by using EJ criteria when enforcing RCRA corrective action
requirements to meet RCRA 2020 goals and ensuring that institutional controls are
implemented at sites in environmental justice areas of concern.
• Chemical Safety: In FY 2014, the EPA will strengthen chemical safety enforcement
and reduce exposure to pesticides, improving the health of Americans. An active
enforcement program reduces direct human exposures to toxic chemicals and
pesticides and supports long-term human health protection. Ensuring compliance
with the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) lead based paint requirements is a top
priority for the TSCA monitoring and enforcement program. Lead exposure is
particularly dangerous to children as even low levels of exposure have been
associated with delays in physical and mental development, lower IQ levels,
shortened attention spans, and increased behavior problems. An important remaining
source of lead exposure in children is dust reissued that accumulate on the floors and
window sills of homes that were painted with pre-1970's lead-based paint.
Compliance Monitoring
The EPA's compliance monitoring program reviews and evaluates the activities of the
regulated community to determine compliance with applicable laws, regulations, permit
conditions and settlement agreements, as well as to determine whether conditions
presenting imminent and substantial endangerment exist.
In FY 2014, the EPA's compliance monitoring activities will be both environmental
media-based and sector-based. The EPA's media-based inspections complement those
performed by states and Tribes, and are a key part of the strategy for meeting the long-
term and annual goals established for the air, water, pesticides, toxic substances and
hazardous waste programs. The EPA will target its inspections to the highest priority
areas and coordinate inspection activity with states and Tribes. In FY 2012, the EPA
conducted 20,000 federal inspections and evaluations. In FY 2014, as part of Next
Generation Compliance, the agency will continue to enhance the efficiency and
effectiveness of the compliance monitoring program by leveraging electronic reporting
to reduce paperwork burdens, increasing transparency by enhancing systems to report,
synthesize, utilize, and disseminate monitoring data, designing analytic tools to help
understand and utilize data and deploying state of the art monitoring equipment to the
field. Synchronizing data systems to utilize electronic transmissions from regulated
facilities will benefit the compliance monitoring program by allowing the EPA to better
apply evidence-based approaches to the program and determine what strategies
achieve the best results.
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Compliance monitoring also includes the EPA's management and use of data systems
to oversee its compliance and enforcement programs under the various statutes and
programs that the agency enforces. In FY 2014, the EPA will accelerate the process of
enhancing its data systems to integrate with E-Enterprise and to support electronic
interaction with regulated facilities, providing more comprehensive, accessible data to
the public and improving integration of environmental information with health data and
other pertinent data sources from other federal agencies and private entities. The
agency will complete Phase III of the Integrated Compliance Information System (ICIS),
the modernization of the Air Facility System (AFS). ICIS supports both compliance
monitoring and civil enforcement.
In FY 2014, the proposed compliance monitoring budget is $128.9 million.
Civil Enforcement
The civil enforcement program's overarching goal is to assure compliance with the
nation's environmental laws and regulations in order to protect human health and the
environment. The program collaborates with the Department of Justice, states, local
agencies and tribal governments to ensure consistent and fair enforcement of all
environmental laws and regulations. The program seeks to protect public health and the
environment and ensure a level playing field by strengthening partnerships with co-
implementers in the states, encouraging regulated entities to rapidly correct their own
violations, ensuring that violators do not realize an economic benefit from
noncompliance and pursuing enforcement to deter future violations.
The civil enforcement program develops, litigates and settles administrative and civil
judicial cases against serious violators of environmental laws. In FY 2012, the EPA's
enforcement actions required companies to invest an estimated $9.1 billion in actions
and equipment to control pollution (injunctive relief). Also in FY 2012, the EPA's
enforcement actions required companies to reduce pollution by an estimated 6.6 billion
pounds per year. Sustained and focused enforcement attention on serious violations of
the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) resulted in a 60 percent reduction in violations in
the past three years as a result of combined federal and state actions and enforcement
work.
In FY 2014, the EPA's civil enforcement program will focus on national enforcement
initiatives and repeat violators, especially in communities that may be disproportionately
exposed to risks and harm from pollutants in their environment, including minority
and/or low-income areas. Specifically, the EPA will focus on National Enforcement
Initiatives selected for FY 2014-2016 through a collaborative selection process taking
place in FY 2013. These national initiatives address problems that remain complex and
challenging. Current initiatives include Clean Water Act "wet weather" discharges,
violations of the Clean Air Act New Source Review/Prevention of Significant
Deterioration requirements and Air Toxics regulations, RCRA violations at mineral
processing facilities, and multi-media problems resulting from energy extraction
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activities. Information on initiatives, regulatory requirements, enforcement alerts and
EPA results will be made available to the public and the regulated community through
websites.
In FY 2014, the civil enforcement program will benefit from the Next Generation
Compliance initiative of deploying state of the art monitoring equipment to the field and
increasing support for electronic interaction with the regulated community. For example,
the agency will begin to use emission monitoring data collected by facilities and
regulators and sharing that information with affected communities (see graph below).
This use of technology and sharing of information can result in reduced exposures to
harmful pollutants and better public health protections.
Advanced EmissionsTechnology:
Estimating versus Knowing
(A Case Illustration)
Two large refineries assumed a 98% combustion efficiency (full compliance and pro per steaming) and used emission factors
Those refineries reported VOC emissions of 453 and 123 TPY, respectively
Advanced monitoring technologies allowed EPA to calculate actual emissions which were far higher - 5,609 and 3,119 TPY
(lower actual combustion efficiency and higher actual flows of waste gas)
Communities exposedto far more HAPsthan assumed
As with the compliance monitoring program, EPA's enforcement program will benefit
from synchronizing data systems to receive electronic transmissions from regulated
facilities and by having more complete and timely data with which to evaluate which
enforcement approaches are most effective. This utilizes the transformative information
system-based work of the larger E-Enterprise initiative. The EPA and states will be able
to better prioritize enforcement resources in those areas where they are most needed
such as complex industrial operations requiring physical inspection, repeat violators,
cases involving significant harm to human health or the environment, or potential
criminal violations.
The civil enforcement program also will focus on how tools, such as fenceline
monitoring, can be applied in enforcement settlements, in order to make more data
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more available, as well as using independent third parties to monitor compliance with
the settlement. Fence line monitoring can be used to monitor the environment
immediately surrounding a regulated entity, thereby providing the surrounding
community information about emissions.
The civil enforcement program also provides support for other priority programs,
including the Environmental Justice program and the Chesapeake Bay program. For
example, the civil enforcement program will help to implement a compliance and
enforcement strategy for the Chesapeake Bay, providing strong oversight to ensure
existing regulations are complied with consistently and in a timely manner.
In FY2014, the proposed budget for civil enforcement is $193.0 million.
Criminal Enforcement
Criminal enforcement underlies the EPA's commitment to pursuing the most serious
pollution violations. The EPA's criminal enforcement program investigates and helps
prosecute environmental violations that seriously threaten public health and the
environment and involve intentional, deliberate or criminal behavior on the part of the
violator. The criminal enforcement program deters violations of environmental laws and
regulations by demonstrating that the regulated community will be held accountable
through jail sentences and criminal fines. Bringing criminal cases to court sends a
strong deterrence message to potential violators, enhances aggregate compliance with
laws and regulations, and protects communities at risk. In FY 2012, the EPA has a 95%
conviction rate for criminal defendants.
To maximize efficient use of resources, in FY 2014 the program will reduce case work in
lower priority areas and will use its special agent capacity to identify and investigate
cases with the most significant environmental, human health and deterrence impact.
The EPA's criminal enforcement program will target cases across all media that involve
serious harm or injury; hazardous or toxic releases; ongoing, repetitive, or multiple
releases; serious documented exposure to pollutants; and violators with significant
repeat or chronic noncompliance or prior criminal conviction.
In FY 2014, the proposed budget for Criminal Enforcement is $61.3 million.
Forensics Support
The Forensics support program provides specialized scientific and technical support for
the nation's most complex civil and criminal enforcement cases, as well as technical
expertise for agency compliance efforts. The work of the EPA's National Enforcement
Investigations Center (NEIC) is critical to determining non-compliance and building
viable enforcement cases. The NEIC maintains a sophisticated chemistry laboratory
and a corps of highly trained inspectors and scientists with a wide range of expertise. In
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FY 2014, NEIC will continue to function under rigorous International Standards
Organization 17025 requirements for environmental data measurements to maintain its
accreditation.
In FY2014, the proposed budget for Forensics Support is $17.0 million.
Superfund Enforcement
The EPA's Superfund enforcement program protects communities by ensuring that
responsible parties conduct cleanups of hazardous waste sites, preserving federal
dollars for sites where there are no viable contributing parties. Superfund enforcement
uses an "enforcement first" approach that maximizes the participation of liable and
viable parties in performing and paying for cleanups in both the remedial and removal
programs. The EPA will focus Superfund enforcement resources to support Potentially
Responsible Party (PRP) searches, cleanup settlements, and cost recovery. Similarly,
the Superfund Federal Facilities enforcement program will place greater reliance on
federal agencies actively managing their own cleanup efforts. The agency will
continually assess its priorities and embrace new approaches that can help achieve its
goals more efficiently and effectively.
Enforcement authorities play a unique role under the Superfund program. The
authorities are used to ensure that responsible parties conduct a majority of the cleanup
actions and reimburse the federal government for cleanups financed by federal
resources. In tandem with this approach, various reforms have been implemented to
increase fairness, reduce transaction costs, promote economic development and make
sites available for appropriate reuse.3 Ensuring that responsible parties cleanup sites
ultimately reduces direct human exposures to hazardous pollutants and contaminants,
provides for long-term human health protections and makes contaminated properties
available for reuse.
The Department of Justice supports the EPA's Superfund enforcement program through
negotiations and judicial actions to compel PRP cleanup and litigation to recover Trust
Fund monies. The agency will provide $23.3 million to the Department of Justice
through an Interagency Agreement. In FY 2012, the Superfund enforcement program
secured private party commitments of nearly $900 million. Of this amount, PRPs have
committed to future response work with an estimated value of $657.3 million; have
agreed to reimburse the agency for $172.1 million in past costs; and have been billed by
the EPA for approximately $67.5 million in oversight costs. The EPA also works to
ensure that required legally enforceable institutional controls and financial assurance
instruments are in place and adhered to at Superfund sites and at facilities subject to
RCRA Corrective Action to ensure the long-term protectiveness of cleanup actions.
In FY 2014 the proposed budget for Superfund enforcement is $166.9 million.
3 For more information regarding the EPA's enforcement program and its various components, please refer to
http://www.epa.gov/compliance/cleanup/superfund/
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Partnering with States and Tribes
In FY 2014, the Enforcement and Compliance Assurance program will sustain its
environmental enforcement partnerships with states and tribes and work to strengthen
their ability to address environmental and public health threats. In FY 2014, the
Enforcement and Compliance Assurance program will provide $27.7 million in grants to
the states and tribes. This request includes $4.0 million for a new Evidence-Based
Enforcement grant program. This competitive grant program will assist the states in
developing and collecting innovative measures for assessing the performance of the
enforcement and compliance program. These grants will support state efforts to
electronically collect data, and use new analytic approaches to more effectively direct
program resources. Examples of focus areas could include: utilization of electronic
facility performance information that reduces reliance on site specific inspections and
provides whole-universe data; development of tools and data systems that automate the
transmission of data from inspections and other investigations to enhance program
management and prioritization; implementation of advanced emissions monitoring
technologies that reduce costs and increase accuracy of both on-site and remote
assessments; and the integration of a broader range of data, such as ambient
environmental data, health data, and economic data to make prioritization more efficient
and effective. These grants also will support states' efforts to improve compliance
through increased transparency and to measure the effectiveness of compliance and
enforcement approaches. Examples of focus areas could include: electronic collection
of performance information that reduces reliance on site-specific inspections;
development of tools and data systems to automate transmission of data from
inspections and other investigations; and implementation of advanced emissions
monitoring technologies that reduce costs and increase accuracy of both on-site and
remote assessments.
In addition, the agency continues to request resources to assist in the implementation of
compliance and enforcement provisions of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). These grants
support state and tribal compliance activities to protect the environment from harmful
chemicals and pesticides. Under the Pesticides Enforcement Grant program, the EPA
will continue to provide resources to states and Indian tribes to conduct FIFRA
compliance inspections and take appropriate enforcement actions and implement
programs for farm worker protection. The Toxic Substance Compliance Grants protect
the public and the environment from PCBs, asbestos, and lead-based paint.
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Appendices
85
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86
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Summary of Agency Resources by Appropriation
(Dollars in Thousands)
Appropriation
Science & Technology (S&T)1
Environmental Program & Management (EPM)
Inspector General (IG)1
Building and Facilities (B&F)
Inland Oil Spill Programs (Oil)
Hazardous Substance Superfund (SF)
- Superfund Program
- Inspector General Transfer
- Science & Technology Transfer
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks (LUST)
State and Tribal Assistance Grants (STAG)
- Categorical Grants
- All Other STAG
E-Manifest
Rescission of Prior Year Funds
Agency Total
FY2012
Enacted
$793,728
$2,678,222
$41,933
$36,370
$18,245
$1,213,808
$1,180,890
$9,939
$22,979
$104,142
$3,612,937
$1,088,813
$2,524,124
$0
($50,000)
$8,449,385
FY2013
Ann. CR
$798,586
$2,694,613
$42,189
$36,592
$18,356
$1,216,206
$1,183,086
$10,000
$23,120
$104,779
$3,589,781
$1,076,118
$2,513,663
$0
$8,501,102
FY2014
PresBud
$783,926
$2,812,757
$45,227
$54,364
$21 ,268
$1,180,374
$1,145,771
$11,054
$23,549
$99,242
$3,153,842
$1,135,842
$2,018,000
$2,000
$8,153,000
Delta
FY14PB-
FY12ENA
($9,802)
$134,535
$3,294
$17,994
$3,023
($33,434)
($35,119)
$1,115
$570
($4,900)
($459,095)
$47,029
($506,124)
$2,000
$50,000
($296,385)
1 Does not include Superfund transfers—see the Superfund line items below for annual amounts.
NOTE: FY 2013 CR as of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriation of $608
million.
87
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88
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PROGRAM PROJECTS BY PROGRAM AREA
(Dollars in Thousands)
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Science & Technology
Clean Air and Climate
Clean Air Allowance Trading Programs
Climate Protection Program
Federal Support for Air Quality
Management
Federal Support for Air Toxics Program
Federal Vehicle and Fuels Standards
and Certification
Subtotal, Clean Air and Climate
Indoor Air and Radiation
Indoor Air: Radon Program
Reduce Risks from Indoor Air
Radiation: Protection
Radiation: Response Preparedness
Subtotal, Indoor Air and Radiation
Enforcement
Forensics Support
FY2012
Enacted
$9,082.0
$16,319.0
$7,091 .0
$0.0
$91 ,886.0
$124,378.0
$210.0
$370.0
$2,094.0
$4,076.0
$6,750.0
$15,269.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$10,189.4
$14,063.3
$6,964.6
$218.0
$88,102.3
$119,537.6
$254.3
$351.7
$2,072.6
$3,783.5
$6,462.1
$16,352.8
$9,183.0
$16,445.0
$7,137.0
$0.0
$92,398.0
$125,163.0
$210.0
$372.0
$2,102.0
$4,086.0
$6,770.0
$15,302.0
$9,594.0
$8,313.0
$7,690.0
$0.0
$100,374.0
$125,971.0
$0.0
$428.0
$2,133.0
$4,097.0
$6,658.0
$15,874.0
$512.0
($8,006.0)
$599.0
$0.0
$8,488.0
$1,593.0
($210.0)
$58.0
$39.0
$21.0
($92.0)
$605.0
Homeland Security
Homeland Security: Critical
Infrastructure Protection
Water Security Initiative
Homeland Security: Critical
Infrastructure Protection (other
activities)
Subtotal, Homeland Security: Critical
Infrastructure Protection
Homeland Security: Preparedness,
Response, and Recovery
Decontamination
Homeland Security:
Preparedness, Response, and
Recovery (other activities)
Subtotal, Homeland Security:
Preparedness, Response, and
Recovery
$2,755.0
$11,361.0
$17,256.0
$12,579.0
$29,835.0
$8,605.3
$2,757.8
$11,363.1
$16,777.8
$10,254.4
$27,032.2
$8,685.0
$2,765.0
$11,450.0
$17,379.0
$12,675.0
$30,054.0
$7,073.0
$2,820.0
$9,893.0
$15,894.0
$13,650.0
$29,544.0
($1,533.0)
$65.0
($1,468.0)
($1,362.0)
$1,071.0
($291.0)
89
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Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Homeland Security: Protection of EPA
Personnel and Infrastructure
Subtotal, Homeland Security
IT / Data Management / Security
IT / Data Management
Operations and Administration
Facilities Infrastructure and Operations
Rent
Utilities
Security
Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations (other activities)
Subtotal, Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations
Subtotal, Operations and Administration
Pesticides Licensing
Pesticides: Protect Human Health from
Pesticide Risk
Pesticides: Protect the Environment
from Pesticide Risk
Pesticides: Realize the Value of
Pesticide Availability
Subtotal, Pesticides Licensing
Research: Air, Climate and Energy
Research: Air, Climate and Energy
Human Health
Global Change
Clean Air
FY2012
Enacted
$578.0
$41,774.0
$3,652.0
$33,901.0
$20,162.0
$10,696.0
$7,260.0
$72,019.0
$72,019.0
$3,757.0
$2,289.0
$517.0
$6,563.0
$0.0
$18,213.0
$77,841.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$577.0
$38,972.3
$3,250.7
$33,901.0
$19,522.7
$10,564.3
$8,940.5
$72,928.5
$72,928.5
$3,532.4
$2,249.1
$417.8
$6,199.3
$772.7
$22,198.7
$78,552.4
$584.0
$42,088.0
$3,669.0
$33,901.0
$20,162.0
$10,696.0
$7,675.0
$72,434.0
$72,434.0
$3,771 .0
$2,296.0
$519.0
$6,586.0
$0.0
$18,346.0
$78,333.0
$579.0
$40,016.0
$4,029.0
$34,489.0
$21,010.0
$11,172.0
$9,019.0
$75,690.0
$75,690.0
$3,425.0
$2,293.0
$510.0
$6,228.0
$0.0
$20,440.0
$83,225.0
$1.0
($1,758.0)
$377.0
$588.0
$848.0
$476.0
$1 ,759.0
$3,671 .0
$3,671.0
($332.0)
$4.0
($7.0)
($335.0)
$0.0
$2,227.0
$5,384.0
Research: Air, Climate and
Energy (other activities)
Subtotal, Research: Air, Climate and
Energy
Subtotal, Research: Air, Climate and
Energy
1,994.0
$98,048.0
$2,107.7
$103,631.5
$103,631.5
$2,004.0
$98,683.0
$98,683.0
$2,059.0
$105,724.0
$105,724.0
$7,676.0
$7,676.0
90
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Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Research: Safe and Sustainable Water
Resources
Research: Safe and Sustainable Water
Resources
Drinking Water
Water Quality
FY2012 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014
Enacted Actuals Annualized CR Pres Budget
$50,152.0 $10,608.7 $50,454.0 $50,973.0
$62,584.0 $15,098.7 $62,944.0 $66,859.0
Changes FY12
Enacted to
FY14 PresBud
$821.0
$4,275.0
Research: Safe and
Sustainable Water Resources
(other activities)
Subtotal, Research: Safe and
Sustainable Water Resources
Subtotal, Research: Safe and Sustainable
Water Resources
$50.0
$112,786.0
$112,786.0
$88,550.2
$114,257.6
$114,257.6
$51.0
$113,449.0
$113,449.0
$52.0
$117,884.0
$117,884.0
$2.0
$5,098.0
Research: Sustainable Communities
Research: Sustainable and Healthy
Communities
Human Health
Ecosystems
Research: Sustainable and
Healthy Communities (other
activities)
Subtotal, Research: Sustainable and
Healthy Communities
Subtotal, Research: Sustainable
Communities
$44,697.0
$60,723.0
$68,105.0
$173,525.0
$173,525.0
$43,826.9
$59,797.6
$69,899.3
$173,523.8
$173,523.8
$45,028.0
$61,015.0
$68,612.0
$174,655.0
$174,655.0
$43,120.0
$59,972.0
$44,280.0
$147,372.0
$147,372.0
($1 ,577.0)
($751 .0)
($23,825.0)
($26,153.0)
($26,153.0)
Research: Chemical Safety and
Sustainability
Human Health Risk Assessment
Research: Chemical Safety and
Sustainability
Human Health
Endocrine Disrupters
Computational Toxicology
Research: Chemical Safety
and Sustainability (other
activities)
Subtotal, Research: Chemical Safety
and Sustainability
Subtotal, Research: Chemical Safety and
Sustainability
$39,336.0
$43,342.5
$39,512.0
$40,219.0
$0.0
$16,861.0
$20,849.0
$53,144.0
$90,854.0
$130,190.0
$7,080.2
$16,409.4
$23,045.4
$46,612.9
$93,147.9
$136,490.4
$0.0
$16,983.0
$21 ,028.0
$53,428.0
$91 ,439.0
$130,951.0
$0.0
$15,896.0
$21 ,409.0
$57,320.0
$94,625.0
$134,844.0
$0.0
($965.0)
$560.0
$4,176.0
$3,771 .0
$4,654.0
91
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Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Water: Human Health Protection
Drinking Water Programs
Congressional Priorities
Water Quality Research and Support
Grants
Total, Science & Technology
Environmental Program & Management
Clean Air and Climate
Clean Air Allowance Trading Programs
Climate Protection Program
Energy STAR
Methane to markets
Greenhouse Gas Reporting
Registry
Climate Protection Program
(other activities)
Subtotal, Climate Protection Program
Federal Stationary Source Regulations
Federal Support for Air Quality
Management
Federal Support for Air Toxics Program
Stratospheric Ozone: Domestic
Programs
Stratospheric Ozone: Multilateral Fund
Subtotal, Clean Air and Climate
Indoor Air and Radiation
Indoor Air: Radon Program
Reduce Risks from Indoor Air
Radiation: Protection
Radiation: Response Preparedness
Subtotal, Indoor Air and Radiation
FY2012
Enacted
$3,782.0
$4,992.0
$793,728.0
$20,680.0
$49,668.0
$5,013.0
$15,757.0
$28,998.0
$99,436.0
$27,298.0
$123,058.0
$0.0
$5,570.0
$9,479.0
$285,521.0
$3,861 .0
$17,135.0
$9,540.0
$3,015.0
$33,551.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$3,728.2
$60.0
$795,394.8
$20,266.2
$51,601.5
$3,750.3
$15,233.4
$25,397.6
$95,982.8
$26,766.5
$123,602.0
$784.7
$5,538.2
$9,451 .0
$282,391.4
$4,292.9
$17,301.5
$9,454.8
$2,998.0
$34,047.2
$3,788.0
$5,048.0
$798,586.0
$20,805.0
$50,249.0
$5,068.0
$15,941.0
$29,265.0
$100,523.0
$27,484.0
$123,338.0
$0.0
$5,608.0
$9,627.0
$287,385.0
$3,875.0
$17,288.0
$9,575.0
$3,026.0
$33,764.0
$3,636.0
$0.0
$783,926.0
$20,469.0
$52,915.0
$4,803.0
$18,865.0
$29,616.0
$106,199.0
$34,103.0
$132,805.0
$0.0
$5,002.0
$9,690.0
$308,268.0
$2,271 .0
$17,204.0
$10,623.0
$3,132.0
$33,230.0
($146.0)
($4,992.0)
($9,802.0)
($211.0)
$3,247.0
($210.0)
$3,108.0
$618.0
$6,763.0
$6,805.0
$9,747.0
$0.0
($568.0)
$211.0
$22,747.0
($1 ,590.0)
$69.0
$1 ,083.0
$117.0
($321.0)
Brownfields
Brownfields
Compliance
Compliance Monitoring
$23,642.0
$106,707.0
$23,824.1
$106,690.9
$23,708.0
$107,102.0
$26,002.0
$127,540.0
$2,360.0
$20,833.0
92
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Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Enforcement
Civil Enforcement
Criminal Enforcement
Environmental Justice
NEPA Implementation
Subtotal, Enforcement
Geographic Programs
Great Lakes Restoration
Geographic Program: Chesapeake Bay
Geographic Program: San Francisco
Bay
Geographic Program: Puget Sound
Geographic Program: Long Island
Sound
Geographic Program: Gulf of Mexico
Geographic Program: South Florida
Geographic Program: Lake Champlain
Geographic Program: Other
Northwest Forest
Lake Pontchartrain
Community Action fora
Renewed Environment
(CARE)
Geographic Program: Other
(other activities)
Subtotal, Geographic Program: Other
FY2012
Enacted
$177,290.0
$48,123.0
$6,848.0
$17,298.0
$249,559.0
$299,520.0
$57,299.0
$5,838.0
$29,952.0
$3,956.0
$5,455.0
$2,058.0
$2,395.0
$1 ,294.0
$1 ,952.0
$0.0
$0.0
$3,246.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$177,402.3
$49,545.3
$7,164.8
$16,748.9
$250,861.3
$280,806.1
$62,297.6
$5,901 .7
$29,931.6
$3,983.6
$5,434.3
$1 ,998.0
$2,415.0
$1,271.1
$1 ,952.0
$16.1
$15.3
$3,254.5
$177,516.0
$48,207.0
$6,895.0
$17,333.0
$249,951.0
$304,025.0
$58,075.0
$5,924.0
$30,404.0
$4,018.0
$5,515.0
$2,082.0
$2,432.0
$1 ,294.0
$1 ,982.0
$0.0
$2.0
$3,278.0
$189,192.0
$53,609.0
$6,954.0
$18,087.0
$267,842.0
$300,000.0
$72,982.0
$4,819.0
$17,150.0
$2,940.0
$4,482.0
$1 ,704.0
$1 ,399.0
$1 ,445.0
$948.0
$1 ,000.0
$2,000.0
$5,393.0
$11,902.0
$5,486.0
$106.0
$789.0
$18,283.0
$480.0
$15,683.0
($1,019.0)
($12,802.0)
($1,016.0)
($973.0)
($354.0)
($996.0)
$151.0
($1 ,004.0)
$1 ,000.0
$2,000.0
$2,147.0
Subtotal, Geographic Programs
$409,719.0
$396,022.4
$415,753.0
$410,869.0
$1,150.0
Homeland Security
Homeland Security: Communication
and Information
Homeland Security: Critical
Infrastructure Protection
Homeland Security: Preparedness,
Response, and Recovery
Decontamination
Subtotal, Homeland Security:
Preparedness, Response, and
Recovery
$4,249.0
$1,063.0
$0.0
$0.0
$3,388.1
$1,191.4
$300.9
$300.9
$4,275.0
$1,077.0
$0.0
$0.0
$4,000.0
$1,577.0
$0.0
$0.0
($249.0)
$514.0
$0.0
$0.0
93
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Homeland Security: Protection of EPA
Personnel and Infrastructure
Subtotal, Homeland Security
Information Exchange / Outreach
Children and Other Sensitive
Populations: Agency Coordination
Environmental Education
Congressional , 1 ntergovernmental ,
External Relations
Exchange Network
Small Business Ombudsman
Small Minority Business Assistance
State and Local Prevention and
Preparedness
TRI / Right to Know
Tribal - Capacity Building
Subtotal, Information Exchange / Outreach
International Programs
US Mexico Border
International Sources of Pollution
Trade and Governance
Subtotal, International Programs
IT / Data Management / Security
Information Security
IT / Data Management
Subtotal, IT / Data Management / Security
Legal / Science / Regulatory / Economic
Review
Administrative Law
Alternative Dispute Resolution
Civil Rights /Title VI Compliance
Legal Advice: Environmental Program
Legal Advice: Support Program
Regional Science and Technology
Integrated Environmental Strategies
FY2012
Enacted
$5,966.0
$11,278.0
$7,481 .0
$9,699.0
$47,638.0
$17,724.0
$2,693.0
$2,079.0
$13,320.0
$16,322.0
$13,736.0
$130,692.0
$4,283.0
$7,591 .0
$5,609.0
$17,483.0
$6,786.0
$87,939.0
$94,725.0
$5,198.0
$1 ,282.0
$11,618.0
$42,606.0
$14,539.0
$2,591 .0
$14,754.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$4,309.2
$9,189.6
$7,782.9
$10,082.2
$48,673.0
$16,479.3
$2,756.4
$2,281.1
$12,250.4
$15,605.8
$13,716.6
$129,627.7
$4,410.6
$7,646.0
$6,257.2
$18,313.8
$8,551 .9
$86,196.5
$94,748.4
$5,207.7
$1 ,476.9
$11,639.9
$43,393.6
$15,535.4
$2,796.8
$14,619.7
$6,053.0
$11,405.0
$7,553.0
$9,810.0
$47,701.0
$17,930.0
$2,714.0
$2,094.0
$13,403.0
$16,469.0
$13,775.0
$131,449.0
$4,305.0
$7,605.0
$5,661 .0
$17,571.0
$6,858.0
$88,632.0
$95,490.0
$5,205.0
$1 ,286.0
$11,657.0
$42,651.0
$14,550.0
$2,628.0
$14,874.0
$6,063.0
$11,640.0
$8,486.0
$0.0
$53,208.0
$33,659.0
$3,131.0
$2,289.0
$14,101.0
$16,726.0
$15,196.0
$146,796.0
$4,384.0
$8,543.0
$6,284.0
$19,211.0
$6,939.0
$86,599.0
$93,538.0
$5,397.0
$1 ,492.0
$14,339.0
$44,590.0
$16,413.0
$2,970.0
$16,258.0
$97.0
$362.0
$1 ,005.0
($9,699.0)
$5,570.0
$15,935.0
$438.0
$210.0
$781.0
$404.0
$1 ,460.0
$16,104.0
$101.0
$952.0
$675.0
$1,728.0
$153.0
($1 ,340.0)
($1,187.0)
$199.0
$210.0
$2,721 .0
$1 ,984.0
$1 ,874.0
$379.0
$1 ,504.0
94
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Regulatory/Economic-Management and
Analysis
Science Advisory Board
Subtotal, Legal / Science / Regulatory /
Economic Review
Operations and Administration
Facilities Infrastructure and Operations
Rent
Utilities
Security
Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations (other activities)
Subtotal, Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations
Central Planning, Budgeting, and
Finance
Acquisition Management
Financial Assistance Grants / IAG
Management
Human Resources Management
Subtotal, Operations and Administration
Pesticides Licensing
Pesticides: Protect Human Health from
Pesticide Risk
Pesticides: Protect the Environment
from Pesticide Risk
Pesticides: Realize the Value of
Pesticide Availability
Science Policy and Biotechnology
FY2012
Enacted
$15,256.0
$5,135.0
$112,979.0
$165,242.0
$10,105.0
$28,916.0
$115,514.0
$319,777.0
$72,290.0
$33,175.0
$24,002.0
$37,839.0
$487,083.0
$57,732.0
$37,704.0
$12,514.0
$1 ,754.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$16,056.6
$4,907.2
$115,633.8
$164,997.6
$9,642.6
$27,655.2
$107,682.4
$309,977.8
$75,138.2
$37,238.9
$24,577.1
$39,628.0
$486,560.0
$56,278.0
$36,969.0
$13,924.9
$1 ,635.4
$15,292.0
$5,153.0
$113,296.0
$165,242.0
$10,105.0
$28,916.0
$117,003.0
$321 ,266.0
$72,659.0
$33,289.0
$24,079.0
$37,927.0
$489,220.0
$57,872.0
$37,810.0
$12,554.0
$1 ,765.0
$23,258.0
$6,761 .0
$131,478.0
$171,099.0
$10,493.0
$32,643.0
$115,681.0
$329,916.0
$78,506.0
$33,893.0
$26,518.0
$40,047.0
$508,880.0
$58,400.0
$39,047.0
$12,350.0
$1,510.0
$8,002.0
$1 ,626.0
$18,499.0
$5,857.0
$388.0
$3,727.0
$167.0
$10,139.0
$6,216.0
$718.0
$2,516.0
$2,208.0
$21,797.0
$668.0
$1 ,343.0
($164.0)
($244.0)
Subtotal, Pesticides Licensing
$109,704.0
$108,807.3
$110,001.0
$111,307.0
$1,603.0
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA)
RCRA: Waste Management
eManifest
RCRA: Waste Management
(other activities)
Subtotal, RCRA: Waste Management
$0.0
$0.0
$63,500.0 $62,115.1
$63,500.0 $62,115.1
$0.0
$2,376.0
$63,696.0 $63,833.0
$63,696.0 $66,209.0
$2,376.0
$333.0
$2,709.0
95
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Enacted Actuals Annualized CR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
RCRA: Corrective Action
RCRA: Waste Minimization & Recycling
Subtotal, Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA)
$39,066.0
$112,034.0
$39,160.2
$8,918.4
$110,193.7
$39,159.0
$9,499.0
$112,354.0
$40,210.0
$9,400.0
$115,819.0
,144.0
$3,785.0
Toxics Risk Review and Prevention
Endocrine Disrupters
Toxic Substances: Chemical Risk
Review and Reduction
Pollution Prevention Program
Toxic Substances: Chemical Risk
Management
Toxic Substances: Lead Risk Reduction
Program
Subtotal, Toxics Risk Review and
Prevention
$8,255.0
$56,497.0
$15,269.0
$5,982.0
$13,798.0
$99,801.0
$6,807.0
$55,235.8
$14,889.8
$6,417.2
$13,404.8
$96,754.6
$56,812.0
$15,333.0
$6,004.0
$13,829.0
$100,336.0
$6,891.0
$62,732.0
$15,423.0
$3,596.0
$14,852.0
$103,494.0
($1,364.0)
$6,235.0
$154.0
($2,386.0)
$1,054.0
$3,693.0
Underground Storage Tanks (LUST / UST)
LUST / UST
$12,742.0
$12,925.5
$12,791.0
$12,345.0
($397.0)
Water: Ecosystems
National Estuary Program / Coastal
Waterways
Wetlands
Subtotal, Water: Ecosystems
Water: Human Health Protection
Beach / Fish Programs
Drinking Water Programs
Subtotal, Water: Human Health Protection
Water Quality Protection
Marine Pollution
Surface Water Protection
Subtotal, Water Quality Protection
$27,014.0
$21,160.0
$48,174.0
$2,552.0
$98,547.0
$101,099.0
$12,898.0
$203,856.0
$216,754.0
$27,231.5
$22,275.9
$49,507.4
$2,380.8
$97,070.3
$99,451.1
$12,400.5
$207,190.3
$219,590.8
$27,324.0
$21,197.0
$48,521.0
$2,574.0
$98,931.0
$101,505.0
$13,003.0
$204,799.0
$217,802.0
$27,227.0
$27,656.0
$54,883.0
$724.0
$104,033.0
$104,757.0
$11,556.0
$213,302.0
$224,858.0
$213.0
$6,496.0
$6,709.0
($1 ,828.0)
$5,486.0
$3,658.0
($1 ,342.0)
$9,446.0
$8,104.0
Congressional Priorities
Water Quality Research and Support
Grants
Total, Environmental Program &
Management
$14,975.0
$2,678,222.0
$14,975.0
$2,660,116.0
$15,209.0
$2,694,613.0
$0.0
$2,812,757.0
($14,975.0)
$134,535.0
96
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Inspector General
Audits, Evaluations, and Investigations
Audits, Evaluations, and Investigations
Total, Inspector General
Building and Facilities
Homeland Security
Homeland Security: Protection of EPA
Personnel and Infrastructure
Operations and Administration
Facilities Infrastructure and Operations
Total, Building and Facilities
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Enacted Actuals Annualized CR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$41,933.0 $45,801.9 $42,189.0 $45,227.0 $3,294.0
$41,933.0 $45,801.9 $42,189.0 $45,227.0 $3,294.0
$7,044.0 $5,726.7 $7,087.0 $8,038.0 $994.0
$29,326.0 $32,434.3 $29,505.0 $46,326.0 $17,000.0
$36,370.0 $38,161.0 $36,592.0 $54,364.0 $17,994.0
Hazardous Substance Superfund
Indoor Air and Radiation
Radiation: Protection
Audits, Evaluations, and Investigations
Audits, Evaluations, and Investigations
Compliance
Compliance Monitoring
Enforcement
Environmental Justice
Superfund: Enforcement
Superfund: Federal Facilities
Enforcement
Criminal Enforcement
Forensics Support
Subtotal, Enforcement
$2,468.0
$9,939.0
$1,221.0
$583.0
$165,534.0
$10,296.0
$7,903.0
$2,419.0
$186,735.0
$2,247.3
$11,003.9
$1,191.0
$578.5
$171,560.1
$9,674.7
$7,811.9
$2,657.2
$192,282.4
$2,465.0
$10,000.0
$1,226.0
$582.0
$165,229.0
$10,261.0
$7,888.0
$2,415.0
$186,375.0
$2,476.0
$11,054.0
$1,182.0
$601.0
$166,947.0
$7,675.0
$1,169.0
$185,280.0
$1,115.0
($39.0)
$18.0
$1,413.0
($1,408.0)
($228.0)
($1,250.0)
($1,455.0)
Homeland Security
Homeland Security: Preparedness,
Response, and Recovery
Decontamination
Laboratory Preparedness and
Response
$5,898.0 $5,870.1
$5,626.0 $5,427.9
$5,911.0
$5,653.0
$5,896.0
$5,645.0
($2.0)
$19.0
97
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Homeland Security:
Preparedness, Response, and
Recovery (other activities)
Subtotal, Homeland Security:
Preparedness, Response, and
Recovery
Homeland Security: Protection of EPA
Personnel and Infrastructure
Subtotal, Homeland Security
Information Exchange / Outreach
Exchange Network
IT / Data Management / Security
Information Security
IT / Data Management
Subtotal, IT / Data Management / Security
Legal / Science / Regulatory / Economic
Review
Alternative Dispute Resolution
Legal Advice: Environmental Program
Subtotal, Legal / Science / Regulatory /
Economic Review
Operations and Administration
Facilities Infrastructure and Operations
Rent
Utilities
Security
Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations (other activities)
Subtotal, Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations
Financial Assistance Grants / IAG
Management
Acquisition Management
Human Resources Management
Central Planning, Budgeting, and
Finance
Subtotal, Operations and Administration
FY2012
Enacted
$29,021.0
$40,545.0
$1,170.0
$41,715.0
$1 ,431 .0
$728.0
$15,339.0
$16,067.0
$844.0
$682.0
$1,526.0
$46,797.0
$3,760.0
$8,269.0
$21,715.0
$80,541.0
$3,128.0
$24,111.0
$6,346.0
$21 ,632.0
$135,758.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$29,249.7
$40,547.7
$1 ,671 .0
$42,218.7
$1 ,383.6
$462.2
$14,843.5
$15,305.7
$828.6
$722.3
$1,550.9
$44,948.5
$2,984.7
$7,849.8
$19,767.6
$75,550.6
$3,198.9
$24,841.5
$3,938.4
$26,165.5
$133,694.9
$29,084.0
$40,648.0
$1,176.0
$41,824.0
$1 ,440.0
$732.0
$15,391.0
$16,123.0
$847.0
$680.0
$1,527.0
$46,595.0
$3,744.0
$8,233.0
$21 ,899.0
$80,471.0
$3,121.0
$24,067.0
$6,344.0
$21 ,599.0
$135,602.0
$29,259.0
$40,800.0
$1,172.0
$41,972.0
$1 ,433.0
$728.0
$13,865.0
$14,593.0
$792.0
$708.0
$1,500.0
$45,464.0
$3,196.0
$9,130.0
$20,361.0
$78,151.0
$3,169.0
$24,339.0
$7,585.0
$24,284.0
$137,528.0
$238.0
$255.0
$2.0
$257.0
$2.0
$0.0
($1 ,474.0)
($1,474.0)
($52.0)
$26.0
($26.0)
($1 ,333.0)
($564.0)
$861.0
($1 ,354.0)
($2,390.0)
$41.0
$228.0
$1 ,239.0
$2,652.0
$1,770.0
98
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Research: Sustainable Communities
Research: Sustainable and Healthy
Communities
Research: Chemical Safety and
Sustainability
Human Health Risk Assessment
Superfund Cleanup
Superfund: Emergency Response and
Removal
Superfund: EPA Emergency
Preparedness
Superfund: Federal Facilities
Superfund: Remedial
Superfund: Support to Other Federal
Agencies
Subtotal, Superfund Cleanup
Total, Hazardous Substance Superfund
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
Enforcement
Civil Enforcement
Operations and Administration
Facilities Infrastructure and Operations
Rent
Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations (other activities)
Subtotal, Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations
Acquisition Management
FY2012
Enacted
$17,757.0
$3,311.0
$189,590.0
$9,244.0
$26,199.0
$564,998.0
$5,849.0
$795,880.0
$1,213,808.0
$789.0
$695.0
$220.0
$915.0
$163.0
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Actuals AnnualizedCR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$19,395.7
$3,918.2
$200,976.9
$9,919.3
$28,356.6
$639,016.1
$5,849.0
$884,117.9
$1,308,310.2
$678.7
$695.0
$182.0
$877.0
$170.6
$17,852.0 $18,243.0
$3,330.0 $3,197.0
$190,248.0 $187,826.0
$9,236.0 $8,150.0
$26,188.0 $26,866.0
$566,889.0 $539,074.0
$5,881 .0 $0.0
$798,442.0 $761,916.0
$1,216,206.0 $1,180,374.0
$789.0 $816.0
$695.0 $636.0
$221.0 $203.0
$916.0 $839.0
$164.0 $152.0
$486.0
($114.0)
($1 ,764.0)
($1 ,094.0)
$667.0
($25,924.0)
($5,849.0)
($33,964.0)
($33,434.0)
$27.0
($59.0)
($17.0)
($76.0)
($11.0)
Central Planning, Budgeting, and
Finance
$512.0
$416.3
$512.0
$414.0
Subtotal, Operations and Administration
$1,590.0
$1,463.9
$1,592.0
$1,405.0
($185.0)
Underground Storage Tanks (LUST / UST)
LUST / UST
$11,962.0
$12,542.3
$11,991.0
$10,195.0
($1,767.0)
99
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Enacted Actuals Annualized CR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
LUST Cooperative Agreements
LUST Prevention
Subtotal, Underground Storage Tanks
(LUST/UST)
$58,956.0
$30,449.0
$101,367.0
$59,968.0
$31,193.8
$103,704.1
$59,355.0
$30,655.0
$102,001.0
$57,402.0
$28,926.0
$96,523.0
($1,554.0)
($1,523.0)
($4,844.0)
Research: Sustainable Communities
Research: Sustainable and Healthy
Communities
Total, Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks
$396.0
$104,142.0
$338.8
$106,185.5
$397.0
$104,779.0
$498.0
$99,242.0
$102.0
($4,900.0)
Inland Oil Spill Programs
Compliance
Compliance Monitoring
$138.0
$122.5
$138.0
$142.0
$4.0
Enforcement
Civil Enforcement
$2,286.0
$2,514.1
$2,289.0
$2,955.0
Oil
Oil Spill: Prevention, Preparedness and
Response
$14,673.0
$15,231.7
$14,768.0
$17,068.0
$2,395.0
Operations and Administration
Facilities Infrastructure and Operations
Rent
Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations (other activities)
Subtotal, Facilities Infrastructure and
Operations
Subtotal, Operations and Administration
Research: Sustainable Communities
Research: Sustainable and Healthy
Communities
Total, Inland Oil Spill
$437.0
$98.0
$535.0
$535.0
$613.0
$18,245.0
$436.7
$75.5
$512.2
$512.2
$1 ,051 .7
$19,432.2
$437.0
$98.0
$535.0
$535.0
$626.0
$18,356.0
$426.0
$83.0
$509.0
$509.0
$594.0
$21,268.0
($11.0)
($15.0)
($26.0)
($26.0)
($19.0)
$3,023.0
State and Tribal Assistance Grants
State and Tribal Assistance Grants (STAG)
Infrastructure Assistance: Clean Water
SRF $1,466,456.0 $1,682,041.2 $1,465,370.0 $1,095,000.0 ($371,456.0)
Infrastructure Assistance: Drinking
Water SRF $917,892.0 $1,199,237.2 $923,509.0 $817,000.0 ($100,892.0)
100
-------
Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Infrastructure Assistance: Alaska Native
Villages
Brownfields Projects
Diesel Emissions Reduction Grant
Program
Infrastructure Assistance: Mexico
Border
Subtotal, State and Tribal Assistance
Grants (STAG)
Categorical Grants
Categorical Grant: Beaches Protection
Categorical Grant: Brownfields
Categorical Grant: Environmental
Information
Categorcial Grant: Evidence-Based
Enforcement Grants
Categorical Grant: Hazardous Waste
Financial Assistance
Categorical Grant: Lead
Categorical Grant: Nonpoint Source
(Sec. 319)
Categorical Grant: Pesticides
Enforcement
Categorical Grant: Pesticides Program
Implementation
Categorical Grant: Pollution Control
(Sec. 106)
Monitoring Grants
Categorical Grant: Pollution
Control (Sec. 106) (other
activities)
Subtotal, Categorical Grant: Pollution
Control (Sec. 106)
Categorical Grant: Pollution Prevention
Categorical Grant: Public Water System
Supervision (PWSS)
Categorical Grant: Radon
Categorical Grant: State and Local Air
Quality Management
Categorical Grant: Targeted
Watersheds
Categorical Grant: Toxics Substances
Compliance
Categorical Grant: Tribal Air Quality
Management
FY2012
Enacted
$9,984.0
$94,848.0
$29,952.0
$4,992.0
$2,524,124.0
$9,864.0
$49,317.0
$9,964.0
$0.0
$102,974.0
$14,512.0
$164,493.0
$18,644.0
$13,119.0
$18,433.0
$219,970.0
$238,403.0
$4,922.0
$105,320.0
$8,045.0
$235,729.0
$0.0
$5,081 .0
$13,252.0
FY2012 FY2013
Actuals Annualized CR
$9,984.0
$98,783.8
$32,138.2
$4,992.0
$3,027,176.4
$10,887.1
$50,147.2
$11,233.4
$0.0
$103,596.8
$15,418.5
$173,332.4
$19,339.8
$14,897.1
$29,050.2
$224,802.8
$253,853.0
$5,292.9
$108,645.2
$8,614.0
$245,859.2
$359.9
$6,036.7
$13,870.1
$9,984.0
$89,848.0
$24,952.0
$0.0
$2,513,663.0
$9,681 .0
$48,398.0
$9,779.0
$0.0
$101,059.0
$14,242.0
$168,738.0
$18,298.0
$13,119.0
$18,090.0
$215,881.0
$233,971 .0
$4,834.0
$103,362.0
$7,895.0
$231 ,346.0
$0.0
$4,986.0
$13,005.0
Changes FY12
FY2014 Enacted to
Pres Budget FY14 PresBud
$10,000.0
$85,000.0
$6,000.0
$5,000.0
$2,018,000.0
$0.0
$47,572.0
$21 ,564.0
$4,000.0
$102,974.0
$14,512.0
$164,493.0
$18,644.0
$13,119.0
$18,500.0
$240,164.0
$258,664.0
$4,922.0
$109,700.0
$0.0
$257,229.0
$0.0
$5,081 .0
$13,252.0
$16.0
($9,848.0)
($23,952.0)
$8.0
($506,124.0)
($9,864.0)
($1 ,745.0)
$11,600.0
$4,000.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$67.0
$18,194.0
$20,261.0
$0.0
$4,380.0
($8,045.0)
$21 ,500.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
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Appropriation
Program Area
Program Project
Sub-Program Project
Categorical Grant: Tribal General
Assistance Program
Categorical Grant: Underground
Injection Control (UIC)
Categorical Grant: Underground
Storage Tanks
Categorical Grant: Wastewater
Operator Training
Categorical Grant: Wetlands Program
Development
Subtotal, Categorical Grants
Congressional Priorities
Congressionally Mandated Projects
Total, State and Tribal Assistance Grants
Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest
System Fund
Changes FY12
FY2012 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 Enacted to
Enacted Actuals Annualized CR Pres Budget FY14PresBud
$67,631.0 $71,754.0 $66,374.0 $72,631.0
$10,852.0 $10,655.3 $10,650.0 $10,852.0
$1,548.0 $1,639.6 $1,519.0 $1,490.0
$0.0 $80.4 $0.0 $0.0
$15,143.0 $17,528.3 $14,862.0 $15,143.0
$1,088,813.0 $1,143,040.9 $1,076,118.0 $1,135,842.0
$0.0 $68,306.4 $0.0 $0.0
$3,612,937.0 $4,238,523.7 $3,589,781.0 $3,153,842.0
$5,000.0
$0.0
($58.0)
$0.0
$0.0
$47,029.0
$0.0
($459,095.0)
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA)
RCRA: Waste Management
Total, Hazardous Waste Electronic
Manifest System Fund
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$2,000.0
$2,000.0
$2,000.0
$2,000.0
Rescission of Prior Year Funds
SUB-TOTAL, EPA
Recovery Act Resources
Sandy Supplemental
TOTAL, EPA
($50,000.0)
$8,449,385.0
$0.0
$0.0
$8,449,385.0
$0.0
$9,211,925.3
$6,038.0
$0.0
$9,217,963.3
$0.0**
$8,501,102.0
$0.0
$607,725.0
$9,108,827.0
$0.0
$8,153,000.0
$0.0
$0.0
$8,153,000.0
$50,000.0
($296,385.0)
$0.0
$0.0
($296,385.0)
*For ease of comparison, Superfund transfer resources for the audit and research functions are shown in the Superfund account.
"Due to requirements for sequester calculations, under 2013 annualized CR, rescissions of $49,992 have been included in appropriation
line totals.
NOTE: FY 2013 Annualized CR as of March 25,2013.
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NPM/ Grant
Air& Radiation
State and Local Air Quality Management
Tribal Air Quality Management
Radon
Water
Pollution Control (Sec. 106)
Beaches Protection
Nonpoint Source (Sec. 319)
Wetlands Program Development
Targeted Watersheds
Wastewater Operator Training
Drinking Water
Public Water System Supervision (PWSS)
Underground Injection Control (UIC)
Hazardous Waste
Hazardous Waste Financial Assistance
Brownfields
Underground Storage Tanks
Pesticides & Toxics
Pesticides Program Implementation
Lead
Toxics Substances Compliance
Pesticides Enforcement
Multimedia
Environmental Information
Pollution Prevention
Tribal General Assistance Program
Evidence-Based Enforcement Grants
Total Categorical Grants
FY 2012
Enacted
$235,729
$13,252
$8,045
$257,026
$238,403
$9,864
$164,493
$15,143
$0
$0
$427,903
$105,320
$10,852
$116,172
$102,974
$49,317
$1 ,548
$153,839
$13,119
$14,512
$5,081
$18,644
$51,356
$9,964
$4,922
$67,631
$0
$82,517
$1,088,813
FY 2012
Actuals
$245,859
$13,870
$8,614
$268,343
$253,853
$10,887
$173,332
$17,528
$360
$80
$456,041
$108,645
$10,655
$119,301
$103,597
$50,147
$1 ,640
$155,384
$14,897
$15,419
$6,037
$19,340
$55,692
$11,233
$5,293
$71,754
$0
$88,280
$1,143,041
FY 2013
Ann. CR
$231 ,346
$13,005
$7,895
$252,246
$233,971
$9,681
$168,738
$14,862
$0
$0
$427,252
$103,362
$10,650
$114,012
$101,059
$48,398
$1,519
$150,976
$13,119
$14,242
$4,986
$18,298
$50,645
$9,779
$4,834
$66,374
$0
$80,987
$1,076,118
FY 2014
PresBud
$257,229
$13,252
$0
$270,481
$258,664
$0
$164,493
$15,143
$0
$0
$438,300
$109,700
$10,852
$120,552
$102,974
$47,572
$1 ,490
$152,036
$13,119
$14,512
$5,081
$18,644
$51,356
$21,564
$4,922
$72,631
$4,000
$103,117
$1,135,842
Delta
FY14PB-
FY 12 EN
$21,500
$0
($8,045)
$13,455
$20,261
($9,864)
$0
$0
$0
$0
$10,397
$4,380
$0
$4,380
$0
($1,745)
($58)
($1,803)
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$1 1 ,600
$0
$5,000
$4,000
$20,600
$47,029
% Change
9.1%
0.0%
-100.0%
5.2%
8.5%
-100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2.4%
4.2%
0.0%
3.8%
0.0%
-3.5%
-3.7%
-1.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
116.4%
0.0%
7.4%
0.0%
25.0%
4.3% |
NOTES: 1) Actuals refer to Actual Obligations. 2) FY 2013 CR as March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriation of
$608 million.
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104
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Categorical Grants Program (STAG)
(Dollars in millions)
$1,400 -i
$1,200
$1,000
$800
$600
$400
$200
$0
x
$1,168 $1,137 $1,113 $1,113 $1,078 $1,095 $1,116 $1,104 $1,089 $1,076 $1,136
2004
EN
^^™
-
—
—
-
2005 2006 2007
EN EN EN
/—
-
-
2008
EN
2009
EN
^—
-
2010
EN
n
2011
EN
—
•
-
-
2012
EN
—
-
2013
CR
^^™
-
/
2014
PB
*Does not account for rescissions or cancellations.
*EN - Enacted, CR - Annualized Continuing Resolution, PB - President's Budget
NOTE: FY 2013 CR as of March 25, 2013.
Categorical Grants
In FY 2014, the EPA requests a total of $1.136 billion for 18 "categorical" program
grants for state, interstate organizations, non-profit organizations, intertribal consortia,
and Tribal governments. The EPA will continue to pursue its strategy of building and
supporting state, local, and Tribal capacity to implement, operate, and enforce the
nation's environmental laws. Most environmental laws envision establishment of a
decentralized nationwide structure to protect public health and the environment. In this
way, environmental goals will ultimately be achieved through the actions, programs, and
commitments of state, Tribal, and local governments, organizations, and citizens.
Also, to strengthen grants management, the EPA, working with the states, has issued a
new policy that replaces the State Grant Performance Measures Template. The policy is
intended to 1) enhance accountability for achieving grant performance objectives; 2)
ensure that State grants are aligned with the Agency's Strategic Plan; and 3) provide for
more consistent performance reporting. To achieve those objectives, the policy requires
that state categorical grant workplans and associated progress reports prominently
display three "Essential Elements: the EPA Strategic Plan Goal; the EPA Strategic Plan
Objective; and workplan commitments plus time frame. Regions and states transitioned
to the new policy in FY 2012 with the goal of 100 percent compliance for all grants
awarded on or after October 1, 2012.
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In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to offer flexibility to state and Tribal governments to
manage their environmental programs as well as provide technical and financial
assistance to achieve mutual environmental goals. First, the EPA and its state and
Tribal partners will continue implementing the National Environmental Performance
Partnership System (NEPPS). NEPPS is designed to allow states more flexibility to
operate their programs, while increasing emphasis on measuring and reporting
environmental improvements. Second, Performance Partnership Grants (PPGs) will
continue to allow states and tribes funding flexibility to combine categorical program
grants to address environmental priorities.
HIGHLIGHTS:
State & Local Air Quality Management, Radon, and Tribal Air Quality
Management Grants
The FY 2014 request includes $270.5 million for grants to support state, local, and
Tribal air management programs, an increase of $21.5 million from the FY 2012
Enacted Budget. Grant funds for State and Local Air Quality Management and Tribal Air
Quality Management are requested in the amounts of $257.2 million and $13.3 million,
respectively. These funds provide resources to multi-state, state, local, and Tribal air
pollution control agencies for the development and implementation of programs for the
prevention and control of air pollution and for the implementation of National Ambient
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) set to protect public health and the environment. In FY
2014, the EPA will continue to work with state and local air pollution control agencies to
develop or implement state implementation plans (SIPs) for NAAQS (including the 8-
hour ozone standard, the fine particle (PM-2.5) standard, and the lead standard) and
also for regional haze. In addition, the EPA will continue support of state and local
operation of the 27-site National Air Toxics Trends Stations network. In FY 2014, states
with approved or delegated permitting programs will continue to implement new
greenhouse gas requirements as part of their permitting programs.
The EPA will work with federally-recognized Tribal governments nationwide to continue
development and implementation of Tribal air quality management programs. Tribes are
active in protection of air quality for the 4 percent of the land mass of the United States
over which they have sovereignty and work closely with the EPA to monitor and report
air quality information from over 300 monitors. Lastly, the FY 2014 budget eliminates
funding for the State Indoor Radon Grant (SIRG) program. The SIRG program was
authorized in 1988 to provide financial assistance to States to develop, implement and
enhance state capacity for reducing radon risk. Now that most states have indoor radon
programs in place, EPA will narrow support to States to technical assistance alone and
eliminate financial assistance provided under the SIRG program.
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Water Pollution Control (Clean Water Act Section 106) Grants
The FY 2014 EPA request includes $258.7 million for Water Pollution Control grants.
The $20.3 million increase will strengthen the state, interstate and Tribal water quality
programs. These water quality programs assist state and Tribal efforts to restore and
maintain the quality of the nation's waters by strengthening water quality standards,
improving water quality monitoring and assessment, implementing Total Maximum Daily
Loads (TMDLs) and other watershed-related plans, strengthening the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program and implementing practices to
reduce pollution from all nonpoint sources. EPA will provide $15.0 million of Section 106
funds to support states, interstate agencies and tribes that commit to strengthening their
nutrient management efforts consistent with EPA Water Program guidance issued in
March 2011, including the development of numeric nutrient criteria. In FY 2014, $3.4
million is directed to E-Enterprise to support the states' efforts to enhance effectiveness
of electronic reporting and the automation of screening, analysis, visualization, and
reporting of water quality data to support priority setting, resource allocation for
protection and restoration activities, and public accountability. The EPA will work with
states to implement the rules governing discharges from Concentrated Animal Feeding
Operations (CAFOs) and will continue to revise the stormwater regulations to better
protect the nation's waters from stormwater discharges. The EPA also will work with
states as they implement individual and general pesticide permit programs.
States and authorized tribes will continue to review and update their water quality
standards as required by the Clean Water Act. The EPA encourages states to
continually review and update the water quality criteria in their standards to reflect the
latest scientific information from the EPA and other sources. The EPA's goal for FY
2014 is that 66.1 percent of states will have updated their standards to reflect the latest
scientific information in the past three years. In FY 2014, EPA requests $18.5 million for
monitoring to continue to be designated for states and tribes that participate in collecting
statistically valid water monitoring data and implement enhancements in their water
monitoring programs.
Wetlands Grants
In FY 2014, the request includes $15.1 million for Wetlands Program grants, which
provide technical and financial assistance to the states, tribes, and local governments.
These grants support development of state and Tribal wetland programs that further the
national goal of an overall increase in the acreage and condition of wetlands. The
Wetland Program Development Grants are the EPA's primary resource for supporting
state and Tribal wetland program development. Grants are used to develop new or
refine existing state and Tribal wetland programs in one or more of the following areas:
(1) monitoring and assessment; (2) voluntary restoration and protection; (3) regulatory
programs including Section 401 certification; and (4) wetland water quality standards.
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Public Water System Supervision Grants
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $109.7 million for Public Water System Supervision
(PWSS) grants. These grants provide assistance to implement and enforce National
Primary Drinking Water Regulations to ensure the safety of the Nation's drinking water
resources and to protect public health. In FY 2014, the EPA is requesting an increase in
funding within the PWSS program to replace the state-operated Safe Drinking Water
Information System (SDWIS/State). The SDWIS Next Generation ("Next-Gen") project
is an effort to replace the current drinking water program information system with a web-
based system. The system is fundamental to ensuring the effective management of the
PWSS program and protection of public health. Through Next-Gen's improvements,
states will be able to manage their PWSS programs more efficiently and better target
resources (e.g., increase field presence) to assist public water systems to attain and
maintain compliance with the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. The
improved system should also decrease costs that states currently have to maintain
individual data systems so they can utilize those funds to provide additional technical
assistance to systems in non-compliance and most in need, including those serving less
than 10,000 people.
Underground Injection Control (UIC) Grants
In FY2014, the EPA requests $10.9 million for the Underground Injection Control grants
program. Ensuring safe underground injection of waste materials and other fluids is a
main component of a comprehensive source water protection program. Grants are
provided to states that have primary enforcement authority (primacy) to implement and
maintain UIC programs. In December 2010, a rule was finalized which established a
new class of underground injection well—Class VI—with new federal requirements to
allow the injection of CCb for the purpose of Geologic Sequestration (GS). On
September 15, 2011, the EPA published a notice in the Federal Register indicating that
the EPA will implement the Class VI GS program as no state has applied for, or
received, approval for Class VI primacy either through a state UIC program revision, or
a new application from states without any UIC primary enforcement authority.
Therefore, in FY 2014, until states receive Class VI primacy approval, the EPA will
continue to carry out regulatory functions for Class VI geologic sequestration wells in
most states, along with other classes of wells for which the EPA has direct
implementation responsibility. The EPA will continue to process primacy applications
and permit applications for carbon sequestration projects related to Class VI wells.
States and the EPA also will process Underground Injection Control permits for other
nontraditional injection streams such as desalination brines and treated waters injected
for storage and recovered at a later time.
Non-Point Source Program Grants (NPS - Clean Water Act Section 319)
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $164.5 million for Nonpoint Source Program grants to
states, territories, and tribes. These grants enable states to use a range of tools to
implement their programs including: both non-regulatory and regulatory programs,
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technical assistance, financial assistance, education, training, technology transfer, and
demonstration projects. The request also eliminates, for FY 2014, the statutory one-third
of one-percent cap on Clean Water Act Section 319 Nonpoint Source Pollution grants
that may be awarded to tribes. In 2014, the EPA and the USDA will work collaboratively
in high priority, focused watersheds to address agricultural nonpoint source pollution.
The goal of our collaboration is to coordinate agency efforts, thereby increasing
conservation on the ground to better protect water resources from nonpoint sources of
pollution, including nitrogen and phosphorus.
Tribal General Assistance Program Grants
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $72.6 million in General Assistance Program (GAP)
grants to provide tribes with a stronger foundation to build their capacity to address
environmental issues on Indian lands. It will further the EPA's partnership and
collaboration with tribes to address a wider set of program responsibilities and
challenges. The grants will assist Tribal governments in building environmental capacity
to assess environmental conditions, utilize available federal and other information, and
build and administer environmental programs tailored to their needs. This additional
funding will increase the average cost of grants made to eligible tribes and focus on
mutually agreed-upon concerns in Indian country.
Pesticide Enforcement and Toxics Substances Compliance Grants
The FY 2014 request includes $23.7 million to build environmental enforcement
partnerships with states and tribes and to strengthen their ability to address
environmental and public health threats. The enforcement state grants request consists
of $18.6 million for Pesticides Enforcement and $5.1 million for Toxic Substances
Compliance Grants. The Toxic Substance Compliance Grants protect the public and the
environment from PCBs, asbestos, and lead-based paint. State and Tribal enforcement
grants will be awarded to assist in the implementation of compliance and enforcement
provisions of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). These grants support state and Tribal
compliance activities to protect the environment from harmful chemicals and pesticides.
Under the Pesticides Enforcement Grant program, the EPA provides resources to states
and Indian tribes to conduct FIFRA compliance inspections and take appropriate
enforcement actions and implement programs for farm worker protection. The program
also sponsors training for state and Tribal inspectors through the Pesticide Inspector
Residential Program (PIRT) and for state and Tribal managers through the Pesticide
Regulatory Education Program (PREP). Under the Toxic Substances Compliance Grant
program, "non-waiver" states inspect on behalf of the EPA and receive funding for
compliance inspections of asbestos and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and "waiver"
states inspect under their own regulations and receive funding for compliance
inspections and enforcement of the asbestos program. States also receive funding for
implementation of the state lead-based paint certification and training, abatement
notification and work practice standards compliance and enforcement program. The
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funds will complement other Federal program grants for building state capacity for lead
abatement, and enhancing compliance with disclosure, certification, and training
requirements.
Pesticides Program Implementation Grants
The FY 2014 request includes $13.1 million for Pesticides Program Implementation
grants. These resources will assist states, tribes, and partners with pesticide worker
safety activities, protection of endangered species and water sources, and promotion of
environmental stewardship approaches to pesticide use. The EPA's mission as related
to pesticides is to protect human health and the environment from pesticide risk and to
realize the value of pesticide availability by considering the economic, social, and
environmental costs and benefits of the use of pesticides. Pesticides Program
Implementation Grants help state programs stay current with changing requirements.
Lead Grants
The FY 2014 request includes $14.5 million for lead grants. This funding will provide
assistance to states, territories, the District of Columbia, and tribes to develop and
implement authorized programs for the lead-based paint abatement program to operate
in lieu of the federal program. Additionally, the program will provide support to those
entities to develop and implement authorized Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP)
Programs. The EPA implements these programs in all areas of the country that are not
authorized to do so. Activities conducted as part of this program include accrediting
training programs, certifying individuals and firms, and providing education and
compliance assistance to those subject to the abatement and RRP regulations and the
general public.
The EPA recognizes that additional attention and assistance must be given to
vulnerable populations including those with rates of lead poisoning in excess of the
national average. In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to award Targeted Grants to
Reduce Childhood Lead Poisoning. These grants are available to a wide range of
applicants, including state and local governments, Federally-recognized Indian tribes
and intertribal consortia, territories, institutions of higher learning, and nonprofit
organizations. Funding in this program also is used to track the disparities in blood lead
levels between low-income children and non-low-income children. The program uses
the data collected to track progress toward eliminating childhood lead poisoning in these
vulnerable populations.
Pollution Prevention Grants
The FY 2014 request includes $4.9 million for Pollution Prevention grants. The program
provides grant funds to deliver technical assistance to specific sectors and to address
priority environmental problems aimed at reducing hazardous materials and hazardous
pollution. The goal is to assist businesses and industries with identifying improved
environmental strategies and solutions for reducing waste at the source. The program
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demonstrates that source reduction can be a cost-effective way of meeting or exceeding
Federal and state regulatory requirements. In FY 2014, the EPA is targeting a reduction
of 1.5 billion pounds of hazardous materials, saving $695.8 million, conserving 24.1
billion gallons of water, and reducing 3.84 million metric tons of carbon dioxide
equivalents.
Environmental Information Grants
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $21.6 million for the Environmental Information Exchange
Network (EN) grant program. These resources will help states establish and expand
data systems and networks to support the exchange of regulatory, compliance, and
non-regulatory data between the EPA and its state, Tribal, and territorial partners. The
request level will enable partners to complete development work for reporting to priority
data systems, expand the Network to include other agency data systems, develop
services to support EPA, co-regulator and public access to data, and develop and
maintain shared tools and services. Grant funding will support multi-partner projects to
plan, mentor and train EN partners and develop and exchange data. In addition, funding
will expand Tribal participation in the EN and continue to leverage grant resources by
funding Tribal partnerships that seek to build the information management capacity and
fund Tribal data exchanges using cloud-based nodes. As part of the agency's E-
Enterprise initiative, in FY 2014, the EPA requests $11.6 million in funding for our state,
local and Tribal partners to convert and build integrated data systems that will reduce
paperwork and regulatory reporting burden on industry and improve services for the
regulated community and the public. Grants will be used to assist with the development
of interactive and shared solutions that facilitate electronic reporting of compliance data
(e.g. NPDES electronic reporting), and outreach and support for states, tribes, and other
government partners. This work will build off the successful state/EPA collaboration with
the Environmental Information Exchange Network, a partnership which is enabling the
exchange and sharing of critical environmental data, leading to enhanced analysis of
environmental conditions and improved decision making.
State and Tribal Underground Storage Tanks Program
The FY 2014 request includes $1.5 million for Underground Storage Tank (LIST) grants.
In FY 2014, the EPA will make grants to states under Section 2007 of the Solid Waste
Disposal Act, available to support core program activities as well as the leak prevention
activities under Title XV, Subtitle B of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct).
In FY 2014, the EPA will continue to focus attention on the need to bring all LIST
systems into compliance with release detection and release prevention requirements
and continue to implement the provisions of the EPAct. States will continue to use the
LIST categorical grant funding to implement their leak prevention and detection
programs. Specifically, with these LIST categorical grants, states will fund such activities
as: seeking state program approval to operate the LIST program in lieu of the Federal
program, approving specific technologies to detect leaks from tanks, ensuring that tank
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owners and operators are complying with notification and other requirements, ensuring
equipment compatibility, conducting inspections, and implementing operator training.
Hazardous Waste Financial Assistance Grants
In FY 2014, the EPA requests approximately $103.0 million for Hazardous Waste
Financial Assistance grants. Hazardous Waste Financial Assistance grants are used for
the implementation of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous
waste program, which includes permitting, authorization, waste minimization,
enforcement, and corrective action activities. In FY 2014, the EPA will work with states
to meet the annual target of 100 hazardous waste facilities with new or updated
controls.
By the end of FY 2014, the EPA and the authorized states also will control human
exposures to contamination at 90 percent of the 2020 universe of 3,747 facilities that
may need cleanup under the RCRA Corrective Action Program. The EPA also will
control migration of contaminated groundwater at 80 percent of these facilities and
complete the construction of final remedies at 57 percent of these facilities.
Brownfields Grants
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $47.6 million for the Brownfields grant program that
provides assistance to states and tribes to develop and enhance their state and Tribal
Brownfields response programs. This funding will help states and tribes develop
legislation, regulations, procedures, and guidance, to establish or enhance the
administrative and legal structure of their response programs.
Evidence-Based Enforcement Grants
In FY 2014, the EPA requests $4.0 million for the new Evidence-Based Enforcement
and Compliance grants program. This program will provide assistance to states to
develop innovative approaches for enforcement and compliance and collect data to
assess and measure the effectiveness of these new ideas. These grants will build state
capacity for collecting, using, and sharing enforcement and compliance data, and for
determining the most efficient and effective practices for improving compliance.
Evaluation of new approaches will help to determine those most promising for potential
expansion and replication.
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Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) Resources
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) Resources
State-by-State distribution of Actual and Estimated Obligations
Fiscal Years 2012 to 2014 - Dollars in Thousands
The following tables show state-by-state distribution of resources for EPA's two largest State
and Tribal Grant Programs, the Clean Water State Revolving Fund and the Drinking Water State
Revolving Fund. These tables do not reflect total resources that EPA provides to individual
states.
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Infrastructure Assistance:
Clean Water State Revolving Fund (SRF)
(Dollars in Thousands)
STATE
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Mariana Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands, U.S.
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Tribal Resources
Undistributed National Resources
TOTAL:
FY2012
ACT.
OBLIG.
$32,474.0
$8,543.7
$7,734.0
$15,775.7
$9,341.1
$104,838.5
$11,305.0
$35,623.2
$34,058.2
$17,010.0
$48,189.0
$24,137.0
$7,044.5
$11,057.0
$7,008.0
$65,240.0
$34,392.3
$39,208.8
$12,886.0
$18,169.0
$32,560.0
$11,051.0
$34,528.0
$48,488.3
$61,384.0
$26,239.0
$129.0
$80,443.5
$7,122.0
$7,275.6
$7,008.0
$14,268.1
$57,755.0
$16,753.2
$162,068.7
$26,908.0
$14,130.0
$3,595.0
$80,368.0
$19,067.0
$16,127.0
$56,549.0
$38,074.0
$9,586.0
$15,273.0
$7,108.0
$20,738.0
65,414.2
$7,522.0
$7,008.0
$4,781.0
$29,216.0
$24,826.0
$22,254.0
$78,515.0
$7,014.3
$16,859.3
$0.0
$1,682,041.2
FY2013
CR EST.
OBLIG.
$15,960.0
$8,543.0
$7,732.0
$9,641 .0
$9,337.0
$102,083.0
$11,416.0
$17,486.0
$7,007.0
$7,007.0
$48,180.0
$24,133.0
$5,595.0
$11,055.0
$7,007.0
$64,554.0
$34,399.0
$19,317.0
$12,884.0
$18,166.0
$15,691.0
$11,049.0
$34,521.0
$48,461.0
$61,373.0
$26,234.0
$12,860.0
$39,568.0
$7,007.0
$7,301.0
$7,007.0
$14,263.0
$58,327.0
$7,007.0
$157,544.0
$25,760.0
$7,007.0
$3,604.0
$80,353.0
$11,532.0
$16,124.0
$56,539.0
$18,616.0
$9,584.0
$14,622.0
$7,007.0
$20,735.0
$65,237.0
$7,520.0
$7,007.0
$4,488.0
$29,211.0
$24,821.0
$22,250.0
$38,588.0
$7,007.0
$29,129.0
$0.0
$1,456,456.0
FY2014
EST.
OBLIG.
$11,999.0
$6,423.0
$5,814.0
$7,248.0
$7,020.0
76,749.0
$8,584.0
$13,146.0
$5,268.0
$5,268.0
$36,223.0
$18,144.0
$4,207.0
$8,311.0
$5,268.0
$48,533.0
$25,862.0
$14,524.0
$9,686.0
$13,658.0
$11,797.0
$8,307.0
$25,954.0
$36,434.0
$46,142.0
$19,724.0
$9,668.0
$29,749.00
$5,268.0
$5,489.0
$5,268.0
$10,724.0
$43,852.0
$5,268.0
$118,445.0
$19,367.0
$5,268.0
$2,702.0
$60,412.0
$8,670.0
$12,122.0
$42,508.0
$13,996.0
$7,206.0
$10,993.0
$5,268.0
$15,589.0
$49,048.0
$5,654.0
$5,268.0
$3,374.0
$21,962.0
$18,662.0
$16,728.0
$29,011.0
$5,268.0
21,900.0
$0.0
$1,095,000.0
Notes: State-by-state figures for the FY 2013 Annualized CR level correspond with FY 2012 iunding levels, and do not match funding totals listed elsewhere in
the BIB or in the FY 2014 Analytical Perspectives.
FY 2013 Estimated Obligations do not include the five percent reduction due to the sequester.
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Infrastructure Assistance:
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (SRF)
(Dollars in Thousands)
STATE
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Mariana Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands, U.S.
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Tribal Resources
Undistributed National Resources
TOTAL:
FY2012
ACT.
OBLIG.
$22,799.0
$9,001.1
$1,447.2
$22,181.2
$27,834.0
$85,058.1
$16,186.0
$18,393.0
$9,125.0
$18,757.9
$29,306.0
$46,793.2
$3,018.2
$9,125.0
$9,080.8
$33,879.0
$14,970.0
$16,077.0
$11,330.3
$12,956.0
$34,760.2
$9,125.0
$14,794.9
$17,012.0
$27,263.0
$15,062.0
$19,143.0
$53,967.5
$9,125.0
$8,716.5
$9,125.0
$9,125.0
$20,174.0
$21,406.1
$61,322.0
$24,698.0
$18,393.0
$4,007.0
$30,821.0
$11,337.0
$9,863.5
$26,737.0
$18,393.0
$18,393.0
$9,418.0
$9,125.0
$10,142.0
$116,946.1
$9,125.0
$18,395.8
$4,869.0
$15,469.0
$22,914.0
$9,277.7
$34,114.7
$9,125.0
$18,394.2
$1,840.0
$1,199,237.2
FY2013
CR EST.
OBLIG.
$11,125.0
$8,975.0
$1,360.0
$18,026.0
$13,582.0
$83,957.0
$15,920.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$29,306.0
$21,208.0
$3,398.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$33,879.0
$14,970.0
$15,322.0
$10,981.0
$12,956.0
$16,962.0
$8,975.0
$13,926.0
$16,732.0
$27,263.0
$15,062.0
$9,341.0
$17,348.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$19,174.0
$8,975.0
$59,138.0
$23,537.0
$8,975.0
$4,065.0
$28,839.0
$11,151.0
$8,975.0
$26,297.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$9,975.0
$57,041.0
$8,975.0
$8,975.0
$4,640.0
$15,215.0
$22,914.0
$8,975.0
$15,474.0
$8,975.0
$18,358.0
$2,000.0
$917,892.0
FY2014
EST.
OBLIG.1
$9,899.0
$7,987.0
$1,210.0
$16,040.0
$12,086.0
$74,702.0
$14,166.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$26,077.0
$18,872.0
$3,023.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$30,146.0
$13,321.0
$13,633.0
$9,771.0
$11,529.0
$15,093.0
$7,987.0
$12,392.0
$14,889.0
$24,259.0
$13,403.0
$8,312.0
$15,437.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$17,061.0
$7,987.0
$52,622.0
$20,944.0
$7,987.0
$3,618.0
$25,662.0
$9,923.0
$7,987.0
$23,399.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$8,876.0
$50,755.0
$7,987.0
$7,987.0
$4,128.0
$13,539.0
$20,389.0
$7,987.0
$13,769.0
$7,987.0
$16,341.0
$2,000.0
$817,000.0
Notes: State-by-state figures for the FY 2013 Annualized CR level correspond with FY 2012 iunding levels, and do not match funding totals listed elsewhere in
the BIB or in the FY 2014 Analytical Perspectives.
FY 2013 Estimated Obligations do not include the five percent reduction due to the sequester.
1 Since the results of the FY2011 Needs Survey have not yet been released, theFY2014 state allocations are currently based on the 2007 Needs Survey, which was used
for both FY2012 and FY2013. The FY2014-2018 state allocations will ultimately be based on the most recent needs survey, which EPA will release separately.
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Infrastructure / STAG Project Financing
(Dollars in Thousands)
Type / Grant
Clean Water State Revolving Fund
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund
State Revolving Funds
Mexico Border
Alaska Native Villages
Special Needs Projects
Diesel Emissions Reduction Grant
Program
Brownfields Projects
Infrastructure Assistance Total
FY2012
Enacted
$1,466,456*
$917,892
$2,384,348
$4,992
$9,984
$14,976
$29,952
$94,848
$2,524,124
FY2013
Annualized
CR**
$1,465,370
$923,509
$2,388,879
$0
$9,984
$9,984
$24,952
$89,848
$2,513,663
FY2014
PresBud
$1,095,000
$817,000
$1,912,000
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$6,000
$85,000
$2,018,000
Delta
FY14PB-
FY12EN
-$371,456
-$100,892
-$472,348
$8
$16
$24
-$23,952
-$9,848
-$506,124
*FY 2012 ENA for CWSRF does not reflect rescission. This program was decreased by the rescission amount of -
$9,741.8K bringing the FY 2012 ENA to $1,456.7.
**FY 2013 Annualized CR as of March 25, 2013 excludes Hurricane Sandy Relief supplemental appropriations.
Infrastructure and Special Projects Funds
The FY 2014 President's Budget includes a total of $2.0 billion for the EPA's
Infrastructure programs in the State and Tribal Assistance Grant (STAG) account. This
budget funds the SRFs at $1.9 billion total.
Infrastructure and targeted projects funding under the STAG appropriation provides
financial assistance to states, municipalities, interstates, and tribal governments to fund
a variety of drinking water, wastewater, air, and brownfields environmental projects.
These funds help fulfill the federal government's commitment to help our state, tribal
and local partners obtain adequate funding to construct the facilities required to comply
with federal environmental requirements and ensure public health and revitalize
contaminated properties.
Providing STAG funds to capitalize State Revolving Fund (SRF) programs, the EPA
works in partnership with the states to provide low-cost loans to municipalities for
infrastructure construction. All drinking water and wastewater projects are funded based
on state developed priority lists. Through SRF set-asides, grants are available to Indian
tribes and U.S. territories for infrastructure projects.
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The resources included in this budget will enable the agency, in conjunction with the
EPA's state, local, and tribal partners, to achieve important goals. For example: 92
percent of the population served by community water systems will receive drinking
water meeting all health-based standards.
Capitalizing Clean Water and Drinking Water State Revolving Funds
The Clean Water and Drinking Water State Revolving Fund programs demonstrate a
true partnership between states, localities, and the federal government. These
programs provide federal financial assistance to protect the nation's water resources by
providing funds for the construction of drinking water and wastewater treatment
facilities. The state revolving funds are two important elements of the nation's
substantial investment in sewage treatment and drinking water systems, which provides
Americans with significant benefits in the form of reduced water pollution and safe
drinking water.
The EPA will continue to provide financial assistance for wastewater and other water
projects through the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF). CWSRF projects
include nonpoint source, estuary, stormwater, and sewer overflow projects. The
dramatic progress made in improving the quality of wastewater treatment since the
1970s is a national success. In 1972, only 78.2 million people were served by
secondary or advanced wastewater treatment facilities. As of 2008 (from most recent
Clean Watersheds Needs Survey), over 99 percent of Publicly Owned Treatment
Works, serving 222.6 million people, use secondary treatment or better. Water
infrastructure projects supported by the program contribute to direct ecosystem
improvements by lowering the amount of nutrients and toxic pollutants in all types of
surface waters. While great progress has been made, many rivers, lakes and
ocean/coastal areas still suffer a significant influx of pollutants after heavy rains
resulting in beach closures, infected fish, and degradation of the ability of watersheds to
sustain a healthy ecosystem.
The FY 2014 request includes $1.095 billion in funding for the CWSRF. Total CWSRF
funding available for loans from 1988 through June 2012 exceeds $97.4 billion. This
total reflects loan repayments, state match dollars, as well as other funding sources.
The EPA estimates that for every federal dollar contributed, more than two dollars are
provided to municipalities.
Since its inception in 1997, the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) program
has made $26.4 billion available to finance 9,809 infrastructure improvement projects
nationwide, with an average of $1.78 made available to localities for every $1 of federal
funds invested. As of June 30, 2011, $14.7 billion in capitalization grants have been
awarded, amounting to loans/assistance of $23.7 billion. The DWSRF helps address the
costs of ensuring safe drinking water supplies and assists small communities in meeting
their responsibilities.
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EPA will work to target assistance to small and underserved communities with limited
ability to repay loans.
For FY 2014, the EPA requests that not less than 20 percent but not more than 30
percent of the CWSRF and DWSRF funds be made available to each state to be used
to provide additional subsidy to eligible recipients in the form of forgiveness of principle,
negative interest loans, or grants (or a combination of these). For FY 2014, the EPA will
encourage states to utilize the subsidy to assist small drinking water systems with
standards compliance. The EPA also is requesting, to the extent there are sufficient
eligible project applications, that not less than 20 percent of a portion of a CWSRF
capitalization grant be made available for green infrastructure projects, and not less
than 10 percent of the funds made available under this title to each State for Drinking
Water State Revolving Funds shall be used for projects that address green
infrastructure, water or energy efficiency improvements, or environmentally innovative
activities.
As part of the Administration's long-term strategy, the EPA is implementing a
Sustainable Water Infrastructure Policy that focuses on working with states and
communities to enhance technical, managerial, and financial capacity. Important to the
technical capacity will be enhancing alternatives analysis to expand "green
infrastructure" options and their multiple benefits. Federal dollars provided through the
SRFs will act as a catalyst for efficient system-wide planning and ongoing management
of sustainable water infrastructure. Overall, the Administration requests a combined
$1.9 billion for the SRFs.
Set-Asides for Tribes and Territories
To improve public health and water quality on tribal lands, the agency is requesting to
maintain the tribal set asides in the CWSRF and DWSRF at up to 2 percent. The EPA
also is requesting to maintain the SRF set aside for territories at up to 1.5 percent for
the CWSRF and for the DWSRF at up to 1.5 percent.
Alaska Native Villages
The President's Budget requests $10 million for Alaska native villages for the
construction of wastewater and drinking water facilities to address serious sanitation
problems. The EPA will continue to work with the Department of Health and Human
Services' Indian Health Service, the State of Alaska, the Alaska Native Tribal Health
Council, and local communities to provide needed financial and technical assistance.
Diesel Emission Reduction Grants
The Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) authorizes a grant program that provides
immediate, cost-effective emission reductions from existing diesel engines through
engine retrofits, rebuilds and replacements; switching to cleaner fuels; idling reduction
strategies; and other clean diesel strategies. Retrofitting or replacing diesel engines
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reduces participate matter (PM) emissions up to 95 percent, smog-forming emissions,
such as hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx), up to 90 percent, and
greenhouse gases up to 20 percent in the upgraded vehicles.
The FY 2014 budget requests $6 million to continue a new approach designed to
transition the program away from ongoing Federal support. The modified funding
strategy will use rebates and revolving loan funds to concentrate resources on
communities in a limited set of high exposure areas such as near ports and freight
distribution hubs. Through the rebate mechanism, the agency is able to more efficiently
target the awards toward the dirtiest, most polluting engines.
Brownfields Projects
The President's Budget requests $85 million for Brownfields projects. With the FY 2014
request, the EPA plans to fund at least 120 assessment cooperative agreements and
approximately 51 direct cleanup cooperative agreements. The EPA also will support
cleanup of up to 90 sites contaminated by petroleum or petroleum products and award
an estimated $2.2 million in environmental workforce development and job training
grants. In FY 2014, the funding provided is expected to result in the assessment of
1,200 brownfields properties. Using EPA grant dollars, the brownfields grantees will
leverage 5,000 cleanup and redevelopment jobs and $1.2 billion in cleanup and
redevelopment funding.
During FY 2014, the Brownfields program will continue to support the agency's ongoing
brownfields area-wide planning efforts. The cooperative agreements and technical
assistance provided for brownfields area-wide planning will assist approximately 20
communities identify viable reuses of brownfields properties, as well as associated
infrastructure investments and environmental improvements needed, which will help
lead to site cleanup and area revitalization.
The EPA will continue to provide technical assistance for brownfields redevelopment in
cities in transition which are struggling with high unemployment as a result of structural
changes to their economies. In addition, the Brownfields program will continue to work
closely with the EPA's Sustainable Communities program to address critical issues for
brownfields redevelopment, including land assembly, development permitting issues,
financing, accountability to uniform systems of information for land use controls, greener
development practices, and other factors that influence the economic viability of
brownfields redevelopment. The best practices, tools, and lessons learned from the
Sustainable Communities program will directly inform and assist the EPA's efforts to
increase area-wide planning for assessment, cleanup, and redevelopment of
brownfields sites. In FY 2014, the Brownfields program will continue to foster federal,
state, local, and public/private partnerships to return properties to productive economic
use in communities. The Brownfields projects funding also supports participation in the
Administration-wide initiative, the America's Great Outdoors (AGO), by promoting the
planning of urban parks and greenways on once abandoned or scarred lands.
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Mexico Border
The President's Budget requests a total of $5 million for water infrastructure projects
along the U.S.-Mexico Border. The goal of this program is to reduce environmental and
human health risks along the U.S.-Mexico Border. The EPA's U.S.-Mexico Border
program provides funds to support the planning, design, and construction of high priority
water and wastewater treatment projects along the border. The agency's goal is to
provide protection to people in the U.S.-Mexico border area from health risks by
connecting homes to potable water supply and wastewater collection and treatment
systems.
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Trust Funds
(Dollars in Millions)
Trust Funds Program
Superfund2
Inspector General (Transfers)
Research & Development
(Transfers)
Superfund Total
Base Realignment and
Closure3
LUST4
Superstorm Sandy
Supplemental5
Trust Funds Total6:
FY2012
Enacted
Budget1
$ FTE
$1,181 2,953
$10 65
$23 105
$1,214 3,123
$0 28
$104 70
$0 0
$1,318 3,221
FY2013
Annualized
CR1
$
$1,183
$10
$23
$1,216
$0
$105
$7
$1,328
FTE
2,953
65
105
3,123
28
70
0
3,221
FY2014
President's
Budget1
$
$1,146
$11
$24
$1,180
$0
$99
$0
$1,279
FTE
2,861
66
106
3,033
14
63
0
3,110
1 Totals may not add due to rounding. FY 2013 CR as of March 25, 2013.
2 FTE numbers include all direct and reimbursable Superfund employees, excluding Base Realignment and Closure
which is discussed below.
3 Funding for reimbursable FTE provided by the Department of Defense via an Interagency Agreement.
4 EPAct Grants for Prevention activities are included in the FY 2012 Enacted, FY 2013 Annualized CR, and FY
2014 President's Budget.
5 Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013 (P.L. 113-2) provided $5 million for LUST and $2 million for
Superfund.
6 Trust Funds Total includes reimbursable FTE for Base Realignment and Closure as well as other Superfund
reimbursable FTE.
Superfund
In FY 2014, the President's Budget requests a total of $1,180 million in discretionary
budget authority and 3,033 FTE for Superfund. This funding level will address
environmental and public health risks resulting from releases or threatened releases of
hazardous substances associated with any emergency site, as well as the over 14,100
active Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) and non-NPL sites. It also provides
funding to pursue responsible parties for cleanup costs, preserving federal dollars for
sites where there are no viable contributing parties. As of February 2013, there are
1,676 sites on the NPL. 1,147 sites (69 percent) are construction completed or are
deleted, 305 sites (18 percent) are undergoing cleanup construction, 224 sites (13
percent) are pending investigation or being investigated. The EPA will continue to give
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attention to all phases of the investigation and cleanup of NPL and non-NPL sites,
including post-construction completion activities to ensure that Superfund response
actions provide for the long-term protection of human health and the environment. A
significant statutorily required post-construction activity is a Five-Year Review1, which
generally is necessary when hazardous substances remain on-site above levels that
permit unrestricted use and unlimited exposure. In FY 2014, the EPA plans to conduct
over 200 Five-Year Reviews.
Of the total funding requested for Superfund, $762 million and 1,389 FTE are for
Superfund cleanups which include the Superfund Remedial, Emergency Response and
Removal, EPA Emergency Preparedness, and Federal Facilities programs. The
Superfund program protects the American public and its resources by cleaning up sites
which pose an imminent or long term risk of exposure and harm to human health and
the environment. In FY 2014, the agency will maintain the funding level necessary to
respond to emergency releases of hazardous substances, but, in recognition of budget
constraints, will downsize and rebalance the overall Superfund Remedial program to
give priority to completing projects at various stages in the response process as
opposed to starting new project phases. As a result, the number of sites assessed, site-
wide construction completions, sites ready for anticipated use, and remedial action
project completions also will be reduced. The EPA and its partners will focus on
completing construction activities at 15 site wide construction completions as well as
110 individual project completions by the end of FY 2014, while also maintaining the
level of sites achieving human exposure and groundwater migration under control.
The agency works with several federal agencies that provide essential services in areas
where the agency does not possess the specialized expertise. Over the last 30 years of
operations, the relationship between the federal agencies for cleanup activities has
become more defined and the agencies that received automatic transfers from the EPA
have developed their own mission-specific funding for the purposes that the EPA had
previously subsidized. In FY 2014, the agency is again proposing to eliminate the last
remaining automatic transfers to other federal agencies, including the United States
Coast Guard (USCG), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
and the Department of the Interior (DOI). The agency has determined an automatic
transfer is no longer needed and interagency assistance agreements are more
appropriate for this activity. Funding for the other federal agencies may be pursued by
Superfund-related support services, on an as-needed basis.
Of the total funding requested, $186 million and 976 FTE are for Superfund
enforcement-related activities. One of the Superfund program's primary goals is to have
responsible parties pay for and conduct cleanups at abandoned or uncontrolled
1 Five-Year Reviews are used to evaluate the implementation and performance of all components of the
implemented remedy and to determine whether the remedy remains protective of human health and the environment.
The Five-Year Review includes not only the physical remedy itself, but also institutional controls necessary to
manage the use of the site. The EPA develops an annual Report to Congress describing the protectiveness of
remedies as found through Five-Year Reviews including those conducted by federal agencies and reviewed by the
EPA through the Superfund Federal Facilities Response program.
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hazardous waste sites. The agency focuses on maximizing all aspects of Potentially
Responsible Party (PRP) participation; including reaching a settlement with or taking an
enforcement action by the time of a Remedial Action start for at least 99 percent of non-
federal Superfund sites that have viable, liable parties. The agency has reached a
settlement or taken an enforcement action on 100 percent of non-federal Superfund
sites with viable, liable parties in FY 2012.
CERCLA authorizes the agency to retain and use funds received pursuant to an
agreement with a potentially responsible party (PRP) to carry out the purpose of that
agreement. The EPA retains such funds in special accounts and uses them to finance
site-specific CERCLA response actions in accordance with the settlement agreement,
including, but not limited to, investigations, construction and implementation of the
remedy, post-construction activities, and oversight of PRPs conducting the cleanup.
Through the use of special accounts, the EPA pursues its "enforcement first" policy -
ensuring responsible parties pay for cleanup - so that appropriated resources from the
Superfund Trust Fund are conserved for sites where no viable or liable PRPs have been
identified. Because response actions may take many years and the use of special
account funding is limited by the terms of the settlement agreements, the full use of
special account funds may also take many years. Since the inception of special
accounts through the end of FY 2012, the EPA has collected approximately $3.9 billion
from PRPs and earned approximately $400.5 million in interest. Of this amount, $21.9
million has been transferred to the Superfund Trust Fund for future appropriation by
Congress after EPA has determined that more funds reside in a special account than
are needed for future site response work, typically when site work is close to
completion. As of the end of FY 2012, over $2.2 billion has been disbursed to finance
site response actions and approximately $269.7 million has been obligated but not yet
disbursed, which is more than 58 percent of the cumulative funds available in special
accounts. In FY 2012, the EPA increased disbursements from special accounts by 4
percent compared to FY 2011. Both special account resources and appropriated
resources are critical to the Superfund program.
The EPA's Homeland Security work is an important component of the agency's
prevention, protection, and response activities. The FY 2014 President's Budget
requests $38.7 million to: maintain its capability to respond effectively to incidents that
may involve harmful chemical, biological, and radiological (CBR) substances; -maintain
the Environmental Response Laboratory Network (ERLN); develop and maintain
agency expertise and operational readiness for all phases of consequential
management following a CBR incident, specifically environmental characterization,
decontamination, laboratory analyses and clearance; maintain the Emergency
Management Portal (EMP); and conduct CBR training for agency responders to improve
CBR preparedness.
The FY 2014 President's Budget also includes resources supporting agencywide
resource management and control functions. This includes essential infrastructure,
contract and grant administration, financial accounting, and other fiscal operations.
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In addition, the agency provides funds for Superfund program research and for auditing.
The President's Budget requests $24 million and 106 FTE to be transferred to Research
and Development. Research will enable the EPA's Superfund program to accelerate
scientifically defensible and cost-effective decisions for cleanup at complex
contaminated Superfund sites. The Superfund research program is driven by program
office needs to reduce the cost of cleaning up Superfund sites, improve the efficiency of
characterizing and remediating sites, identify effective remediation technologies, and
reduce the scientific uncertainties for improved decision-making at Superfund sites. The
President's Budget also requests $11 million and 66 FTE to be transferred to the
Inspector General for program auditing.
There are still sites where no viable PRP has been identified and there are many
activities that the EPA performs that are not otherwise reimbursed. For this reason, the
FY 2014 Budget supports reinstatement of the Superfund tax. The Superfund tax on
petroleum, chemical feedstock and corporate environmental income expired in 1995.
Since the expiration of Superfund tax, Superfund program funding (the "Superfund
appropriation") has been largely financed from General Revenue transfers to the
Superfund Trust Fund, thus burdening the general public with the costs of cleaning up
hazardous waste sites. Reinstating the Superfund taxes would provide a stable,
dedicated source of revenue for the Superfund Trust Fund and restore the historic
nexus that parties who benefit from the manufacture and sale of substances found in
hazardous waste sites contribute to the cost of cleanup. The reinstated Superfund taxes
are estimated to generate a revenue level of approximately $1.6 billion beginning in
January 2014 to more than $2.6 billion annually by 2023. Total tax revenue over the
period 2014 to 2023 is predicted to be $22.9 billion. The revenues will be placed in the
Superfund Trust Fund and would be available for appropriation from Congress to
support the assessment and cleanup of the Nation's highest risk sites within the
Superfund program.
Base Realignment and Closure Act
The FY 2014 President's Budget requests 14 reimbursable FTE to conduct the Base
Realignment and Closure (BRAG) program (BRAG I-IV). The EPA's participation in the
first four rounds of BRAG has been funded by an interagency agreement which expires
on September 30, 2016. Since 1993, the EPA has worked with the Department of
Defense (DOD) and state environmental programs to make property environmentally
acceptable for transfer, while protecting human health and the environment at realigning
or closing military installations. Between 1988 and 2005, over 500 major military
installations representing the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Defense Logistics Agency
have been slated for realignment or closure. Under the first four rounds of BRAG (BRAG
I-IV), 107 of those sites were identified as requiring accelerated cleanup. The EPA
provided critical environmental support to DOD and participated in the acceleration
process of the first four rounds of BRAG. The accelerated cleanup process strives to
make parcels available for reuse as quickly as possible, by transfer of uncontaminated
or remediated parcels, lease of contaminated parcels where cleanup is underway, or
"early transfer" of contaminated property undergoing cleanup. Seventy-two Federal
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facilities currently listed on the NPL were identified under the fifth round of BRAG
(BRAG V) as closing, realigning, or gaining personnel.
The FY 2014 request does not include support for BRAC-related services to DOD at
BRAG V facilities. Rather, the EPA services and resources to support the BRAG V
installations may be requested from DOD, on an as-needed basis.
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
The FY 2014 President's Budget requests $99 million and 63 FTE for the Leaking
Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Trust Fund program. The agency, working with
states and tribes, addresses public health and environmental threats from releases
through prevention and cleanup activities. As required by law (42 U.S.C. 6991 c(f)), not
less than 80 percent of LUST appropriated funds will be used for reasonable costs
incurred under a cooperative agreements with any state to carry out specific purposes.
The EPA will continue to work with the states to achieve more cleanups, and reduce the
backlog of 82,903 cleanups not yet completed. Between 1986 and 2012, the LUST
program addressed 84 percent (424,637) of all reported releases. In FY 2014, working
with state partners, the LUST program will strive to achieve 9,000 cleanups, a decrease
relative to the FY 2012 target. The FY 2014 target reflects a recalibration based on the
expiration of this funding source, as well as an overall decrease in expected cleanups
due to increasing costs of cleanups, and the complexity of remaining sites to be cleaned
up.
The LUST Trust Fund financing tax expired on March 30, 2012 and was extended by
Public Law 112-141 through September 30, 2016. While tank owners and operators are
liable for the cost of cleanups at sites for which they have responsibility, EPA and State
regulatory agencies are not always able to identify responsible parties and sometimes
responsible parties are no longer financially viable or have a limited ability to pay. In
those cases, the cost of the cleanup is distributed among fuel users through the
targeted fuel tax, which is available for appropriation from Congress to support the
prevention and cleanup of sites within the LUST program. For FY 2012, the Trust Fund
received more than $170 million in tax receipts.
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AA
ACE
ACE/ITDS
ACRES
ADR
AFS
ANCR
AOP
ARA
ARRA
ASTM
ATSDR
B&F
BFRs
BOSC
BRAG
CAA
CAFO
CAIR
CAP
CARE
CBEP
CBP
CBR
CCAP
CCS
CCTI
CEIS
CENRS
CERCLA
CERFA
CMAQ
CMOS
COOP
CSI
CSO
CWA
CWAP
DASEES
DBP
DFAS
DfE
DMR
ECHO
Environmental Protection Agency
List of Acronyms
Assistant Administrator
Air, Climate, and Energy
Automated Commercial Environment/International Trade Data System
Assessment Cleanup and Redevelopment Exchange System
Alternative Dispute Resolution
Air Facility System
Annual Non-Compliance Report
Adverse Outcome Pathway
Assistant Regional Administrator
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
American Society for Testing and Materials
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Buildings and Facilities
Brominated Flame Retardants
Board of Scientific Counselors
Base Realignment and Closure
Clean Air Act
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
Clean Air Interstate Rule
Clean Air Partnership Fund
Community Action for a Renewed Environment
Community-Based Environmental Protection
Customs and Border Protection
Chemical, Biological and Radiological
Climate Change Action Plan
Carbon Capture and Storage
Climate Change Technology Initiative
Center for Environmental Information and Statistics
Committee on Environment, Natural Resources, and Sustainability
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
Community Environmental Response Facilitation Act
Community Multiscale Air Quality
Content Management and Discovery Services
Continuity of Operations
Common Sense Initiative
Combined Sewer Overflows
Clean Water Act
Clean Water Action Plan
Decision Analysis for a Sustainable Environment, Economy & Society
Disinfection Byproducts
Defense Finance and Accounting System
Design for the Environment
Discharge Monitoring Reports
Enforcement and Compliance History Online
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EDSD
EISA
EJ
ELP
EMP
EN
EPAct
EPCRA
EPM
EPP
ERRS
ESC
ETI
ETV
EU
EWDJT
FAN
FASAB
FCO
FFDCA
FIFRA
FLC
FMFIA
FQPA
FSMA
FSMP
FTE
GAPG
GHG
GHGRP
GPRA
GSN
HPPG
HPV
HS
HSWA
HWIR
IAG
ICR
IFMS
IPCC
IPM
IRM
ISA
ISTEA
ITMRA
Endocrine Disrupter Screening Program
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
Environmental Justice
Environmental Leadership Project
Emergency Management Portal
Enacted (Budget)
Energy Policy Act of 2005
Emergency Preparedness and Community Right-to-Know Act
Environmental Programs and Management
Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program
Emergency Rapid Response Services
Executive Steering Committee
Environmental Technology Initiative
Environmental Technology Verification
European Union
Environmental Workforce Development and Job Training
Fixed Account Numbers
Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board
Funds Certifying Officer
The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act
Federal Leadership Committee
Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act
Food Quality Protection Act
Food Safety Modernization Act
Financial System Modernization Project
Full-Time Equivalent'
General Assistance Program Grants
Greenhouse Gas
Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program
Government Performance and Results Act
Green Suppliers Network
High Priority Performance Goals
High Production Volume
Homeland Security
Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984
Hazardous Waste Identification Media and Process Rules
Interagency Agreements
Information Collection Rule
Integrated Financial Management System
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Integrated Pest Management
Information Resource Management
Integrated Science Assessments
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act
Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1995-AKA
Clinger/Cohen Act
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LUST
M&O
MARL
MACT
MTM
NAAQs
NAFTA
NAPA
MAS
NATA
NCDC
NEA
NDPD
NEP
NEPPS
NESCA
NESHAP
NIPP
NLIC
NOA
NPDES
NPDWRs
NPL
NPM
NPR
NPS
NPSR
NRCS
NROC
NRT
NVFEL
OA
0AM
OAR
OARM
OCFO
OCHP
OECA
OEI
OERR
OFA
OFPP
OGC
OIG
OMTR
OPAA
ORD
OSWER
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
Management and Oversight
The Microarray Research Laboratory
Maximum Achievable Control Technology
Mountaintop Mining
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
North American Free Trade Agreement
National Academy of Public Administration
National Academy of Sciences
National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment
National Clean Diesel Campaign
Nuclear Energy Agency
National Data Processing Division
National Estuary Program
National Environmental Performance Partnership System
National Enforcement Strategy for Corrective Action
National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
National Infrastructure Protection Plan
National Lead Information Center
New Obligation Authority
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
National Priority List
National Program Manager
National Performance Review
Nonpoint Source
National Pesticide Standard Repository
Natural Resource Conservation Service
Northeast Regional Ocean Council
National Response Team
National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory
Office of the Administrator
Office of Acquisition Management
Office of Air and Radiation
Office of Administration and Resources Management
Office of the Chief Financial Officer
Office of Children's Health Protection
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
Office of Environmental Information
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
Other Federal Agencies
Office of Federal Procurement Policy
Office of General Counsel
Office of Inspector General
Open Market Trading Rule
Office of Planning, Analysis and Accountability
Office of Research and Development
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
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OTAG
OW
PB
PBTs
PC&B
PHEV
PIP
PM
PNGV
POTWs
PPG
PPIN
PPRTV
PRO
PRIA
PRIRA
PWSS
RC
RCRA
RGI
RLF
RMP
ROE
RPIO
RR
RRP
RWTA
S&T
SALC
SAP
SARA
SBO
SBLRBRA
SBREFA
SDWA
SDWIS
SHC
(SIRG)
SITE
SLC
SNEE
SRF
SRO
STAG
STAR METRICS
Ozone Transport Advisory Group
Office of Water
President's Budget
Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxics
Personnel, Compensation and Benefits
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Plant-incorporated Protectants
Particulate Matter
Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles
Publicly Owned Treatment Works
Performance Partnership Grants
Pollution Prevention Information Network
Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values
Program Results Code
Pesticide Registration Improvement Act
Pesticide Registration Improvement Renewal Act
Public Water System Supervision
Responsibility Center
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976
Regional Geographic Initiative
Revolving Loan Fund
Risk Management Plan
Report on the Environment
Responsible Planning Implementation Office
Reprogramming Request
Renovation, Repair and Painting
Rural Water Technical Assistance
Science and Technology
Sub-allocation (level)
Science Advisory Panel
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986
Senior Budget Officer
Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act
Safe Drinking Water Act
Safe Drinking Water Information System
Sustainable and Healthy Communities
State Indoor Radon Grants
Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation
Senior Leadership Council
Southern New England Estuaries
State Revolving Fund
Senior Resource Official
State and Tribal Assistance Grants
Science and Technology in America's Reinvestment-Measuring
Effects of Research on Innovation, Competitiveness, and Science
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STORS Sludge-to-Oil-Reactor System
SWP Source Water Protection
SWTR Surface Water Treatment Rule
TIM Technology Infrastructure Modernization
TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load
TRI Toxic Release Inventory
TRIO Taskforce on Research to Inform and Optimize
TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act
TSD Treatment, Storage and Disposal
UIC Underground Injection Control
LIST Underground Storage Tanks
WCF Working Capital Fund
WIF Water Infrastructure Funds
WIPP Waste Isolation Pilot Project
WSI Water Security Initiative
WHO World Health Organization
WTO World Trade Organization
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United States Environmental Protection Agency
www.epa.gov
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