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Transport Partnership
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
"We have a program that's a winner for business and
improving the bottom line, and a winner for the environment."
—Margo Tsirigotis Oge, Director, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
www.epa.gov/smartway
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Diesel Fuel Use in the
Freight Sector is Growing
Trucks and trains transport almost 80 percent of all freight, consuming
more than 35 billion gallons of diesel fuel each year. By 2020, that figure
is expected to grow to 45 billion gallons—an increase of nearly 30 percent.
While burning fuel is a basic necessity for freight transport, inefficient prac-
tices—such as excessive idling at docks, ports, and rest areas and poor
tractor and/or trailer aerodynamic design—waste fuel. Wasted fuel means
wasted money for companies, an increased burden for the environment,
and imposed public health challenges for citizens.
Did You Know?
Freight transport accounts for 20 percent of all
energy consumed in the transportation sector.
• Freight transportation by trucks and rail is
projected to grow by more than two percent
annually through the year 2020.
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Diesel Emissions from Freight Transport
Affect Public Health
Emissions from diesel fuel can result in a variety
of health and environmental problems. Nitrogen
oxides (NOx) contribute to ozone formation, or
"smog." Air emissions from diesel fuel also contain
particulate matter (PM) and its precursors.
Health effects of ozone include aggravation of respira-
tory disease including triggering of asthma symptoms
and difficult or painful breathing. It has also been
linked to hospitalizations and even premature deaths
in sensitive groups. PM is also linked to the aggrava-
tion of cardiac disease, including non-fatal heart
attacks. Fine PM is also a major cause of haze, which
reduces visibility, affecting cities and scenic areas
throughout the United States.
"The future of our world rests on the investments we
make to care for the resources of today. Whether that
manifests itself as following safe driving and freight
handling procedures, or fulfilling our obligations to
protect the environment through avenues such as
ERA'S Smart Way program, Averitt Express is answer-
ing the future's call"
—Scott Wolf, Vice President of Corporate Services, Averitt Express
Exposure to Diesel Exhaust Can:
• Cause lung damage.
• Trigger respiratory problems.
• Exacerbate asthma and existing allergies.
• Be linked to premature mortality.
Long-term exposure is thought to increase the
risk of lung cancer.
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What is the SmartWay
Transport Partnership?
Reducing exposure to diesel emissions from
vehicles in the freight sector is a key environmental and public health goal for the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
To address this challenge, EPA created the SmartWay Transport Partnership, a voluntary pro-
gram that improves the environmental performance of the freight delivery system in the United
States through money-saving, market-based approaches. The initiative reduces emissions by pro-
moting strategies that reduce fuel consumption and air pollution.
By becoming a SmartWay Transport Partner,
you can:
• Increase your operational and energy efficiency.
• Save money and improve your bottom line.
• Safeguard driver and public health.
• Improve air quality and reduce greenhouse
gas emissions.
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SmartWay: Reducing Diesel
Emissions Through Partnerships
By joining the SmartWay Transport Partnership,
companies that ship goods, and those that
carry them, can reduce their consumption of
diesel fuel, minimize their environmental impact, and
have a positive impact on their bottom line.
The SmartWay program provides its Partners with
tools and technical assistance tailored to meet
their needs. Working with the program, partner com-
panies can evaluate the costs and benefits of a vari-
ety of different strategies and technologies and decide
which approach best meets their goals.
Joining is free and easy. Companies simply evalu-
ate their current environmental performance and com-
mit to improve that performance within three years.
SmartWay Transport
Partners are Industry
Leaders
Companies of all types and sizes are joining
the SmartWay Transport Partnership, because
it pays to be a partner. More than 200 compa-
nies have joined as Partners, including:
• Canon USA, Inc. • Nike
• Coca-Cola Enterprises • Schneider National
• CSX Transportation • Swift Transportation
• FedEx Express • The Home Depot
. H-E-B • UPS
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SmartWay Success Stories
Reducing Fuel Consumption with
Direct-Fired Heaters
. When Triple "S" Trucking
^^1 I joined SmartWay in 2004, it
^^^^^^ I estimated that its trucks were
Si ' I idling as much as 40 percent
^te^sJ^ of the time. To address its fuel
S ;- | \J (anc' money) losses due to idling,
_.";- ' the company purchased a direct-fired
heater for one of its trucks, at a cost
of $850 for the unit and $250 for installation.
Within weeks, the direct-fired heater had
reduced idling to 22 percent.
After achieving these results, Triple S decided to pur-
chase additional units, and now has six direct-fired
units installed in its fleet, with plans to purchase more
units in the future. Through decreased idling and fuel
consumption, Triple S estimates it will save $4,142
annually as a result of direct-fired heaters.
Reducing Long-Duration Idling
through Truck Stop Electrification
One idle-reduction strategy being employed by
SmartWay's National Idle-Free Corridor Project is
Truck Stop Electrification, orTSE. TSE allows
truckers to park, connect their trucks to a convenient
power source, and use electricity. Truckers can oper-
ate on-board systems—including sleeper cab heating
and cooling, microwave ovens, refrigerators, televi-
sions, and other small appliances—while parked,
without idling their engines. TSE can be installed at
truck stops, service plazas, or rest areas to provide
electric power to a truck parking area.
Based on a study in the Syracuse, New York, region,
an estimated 15,500 gallons of fuel have been
saved through the use of two off-board TSE facili-
ties, at a savings of more than $25,000 for drivers
and fleet owners.
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Fuel Savings through Wide-Based
Tires
SmartWay Partner
CFI decided to pur-
chase 750 tractors
'f') outfitted with wide-
/ based tires, which
improve fuel economy
because they weigh less
than conventional tires and have a
lower rolling resistance. These tires
were purchased from their original equipment manufac-
turer and only cost an additional $40 for each tractor.
With a fuel economy improvement of 2/10 to 3/10 of
a mile per gallon, CFI estimated that the $40 per trac-
tor was paid for within the first 2,500 miles of driving.
In addition to tractors, CFI outfitted 100 trailers with
wide-based tires. CFI expects to have 100 percent
of its tractor fleet converted by the end of 2006.
According to CFI, this will translate into fuel savings
of approximately 2.3 million gallons per year, which
will amount to cost savings of approximately
$4.6 million.
Upgrading Technology through
Financial Assistance
One of the biggest obstacles for small freight trans-
port companies is the initial capital costs for fuel
efficiency and emission-reducing equipment. To
help smaller companies, EPA has partnered with
Minnesota and Arkansas to offer flexible small
business loans at below-market interest rates to
purchase a set of proven, fuel-efficient emission-
reduction technologies.
These technology bundles, called SmartWay
Upgrade Kits, can reduce diesel exhaust emissions
of PM and NOx and provide companies with cost sav
ings almost immediately. The Partnership is working
with other states to develop similar financing options
for SmartWay Upgrade Kits. (See the chart, above
right, for estimated savings.)
Technology
Idling-Control Technologies
(APU or bunk heater)
Wide-Based Tires with
Aluminum Wheels
Savings
6 - 10% fuel savings
4 - 10% fuel savings
Improved Aerodynamics
Emission Reduction
Device
(Depending on mileage)
5 - 7% fuel savings
20 - 50% PM savings
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"We're seeing about a 6.5 percent
increase in our fleet fuel performance.
First, we took a three-tier approach,
going after the low-hanging fruit such
as training, awareness, and idle reduc-
tion. Then we basically focused on
seven points: progressive shifting (not
over-revving the engine), checking tire
pressure, making sure you meet your
preventive maintenance, following post-
ed speed limits, avoiding harsh stop-
ping or rapid acceleration, and
minimizing out-of-route miles"
—Paul Abrams, Assistant Risk Manager,
National Freight, Inc.
The SmartWay Transport Partnership is one component
of the National Clean Diesel Campaign, a sector-
based approach designed to reduce diesel emissions
through the implementation of a variety of control strate-
gies and the sustained involvement of national, state,
and local partners.
National Clean Diesel Campaign
How Do I Get More Information?
Visit EPAs SmartWay Transport Partnership Web site at
www.epa.gov/smartway to find detailed information
about this growing national program.
November 2005
EPA-420-F-05-052
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