EPA/600/R-12/733
                         April 2013
Environmental Technology Verification

Baghouse Filtration Products
TTG Inc.
TG100 Filtration Media
(Tested August 2012)
              Prepared by

     RTI International            ETS Incorporated
 HRTI
 INTERNATIONAL
          Under a Cooperative Agreement with
          U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
               EPA
 EWET
EF/

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Environmental Technology Verification
                      Report

        Baghouse Filtration Products

                      TTG Inc.
                TG100 Filtration Media
                (Tested August 2012)
                       Prepared by


                      RTI International
                      ETS Incorporated
             EPA Cooperative Agreement CR 83416901-0
                     EPA Project Officer
                      Michael Kosusko
              Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division
             National Risk Management Research Laboratory
                Office of Research and Development
               U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                 Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

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          THE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION
                                 PROGRAM
SEPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                              ET/
                              HRTI
                              INTERNATIONAL
                ETV Joint Verification Statement
     TECHNOLOGY TYPE:

     APPLICATION:


     TECHNOLOGY NAME:

     COMPANY:

     ADDRESS:

     WEB SITE:
     E-MAIL:
BAGHOUSE FILTRATION PRODUCTS

CONTROL OF PM2 5 EMISSIONS BY BAGHOUSE
FILTRATION PRODUCTS

TG100 Filtration Media
TTG Inc.

7561 South Highway 13
Higginsville, MO 64037
http://ttgtech.net
ttrimble@ttgtech.net
PHONE:  660-584-2448
FAX:     660-584-3422
 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) created the Environmental Technology Verification
 (ETV) Program to facilitate the deployment of innovative or improved environmental technologies
 through performance verification and dissemination of information. The goal of the ETV Program is to
 further environmental protection by accelerating the acceptance and use of improved and cost-effective
 technologies. The ETV Program seeks to achieve this goal by providing high-quality, peer-reviewed data
 on technology performance to those involved in the design, distribution, financing, permitting, purchase,
 and use of environmental technologies.

 The ETV Program works in partnership with recognized standards and testing organizations; stakeholder
 groups, which consist of buyers, vendor organizations, permitters, and other interested parties; and with
 the full participation of individual technology developers. The program evaluates the performance of
 innovative technologies  by developing test  plans that are responsive to the needs of stakeholders,
 conducting field or laboratory tests (as  appropriate), collecting and analyzing data, and preparing peer-
 reviewed reports. All evaluations are conducted in accordance with rigorous quality assurance (QA)
 protocols to  ensure that data of known and adequate quality are  generated and that the results are
 defensible.

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The Air Pollution Control Technology Center (APCT Center) is operated by RTI International  (RTI), in
cooperation with EPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL). The APCT Center
evaluates the performance of baghouse  filtration  products  (BFPs) used primarily to control PM25
emissions (i.e., particles  2.5  um and smaller in aerodynamic diameter). This  verification statement
summarizes the test results for TTG Inc.'s TG100 filtration media.

VERIFICATION TEST DESCRIPTION

All tests were  performed in accordance with  the  APCT Center  Generic  Verification  Protocol for
Baghouse Filtration Products, available at http://www.epa.gov/etv/pubs/05_vp_bfp.pdf  The protocol is
based on and describes modifications to the equipment and procedures described in Verein Deutscher
Ingenieure  (VDI)  3926,  Part 2,  Testing of Filter  Media for Cleanable Filters under  Operational
Conditions, December  1994. The VDI document is  available  from Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin,
Germany. The protocol also  includes requirements  for  quality management and QA, procedures for
product selection, auditing of the test laboratories, and the test reporting format.

Outlet particle  concentrations from a  test  fabric  were measured with  an impactor equipped  with
appropriate substrates to filter and measure PM2 5 within the dust flow. Outlet particle concentrations were
determined by weighing the mass increase of dust collected in each impactor filter stage  and dividing by
the gas volumetric flow through the impactor.

Particle size was measured while  injecting the test dust into the air upstream of the  baghouse filter
sample. The test dust  was dispersed into the flow  using a  brush-type dust feeder. The  particle size
distributions in the air were determined both upstream and downstream of the  test filter fabric to provide
accurate results for penetration of PM2 5 through the test filter. All  tests were performed using a constant
18.4 ± 3.6 g/dscm (8.0 ± 1.6  gr/dscf) loading rate,  a 120 ± 6.0 m/h (6.6 ± 0.3 fpm) filtration velocity
[identical to gas-to-cloth ratio (G/C )], and aluminum  oxide test  dust with  a measured mass mean
aerodynamic diameter maximum of 1.5 um (average of three impactor runs). All BFPs are tested in their
initial (i.e., clean) condition.

Each of the three test runs consisted of the following segments:

    Conditioning period—10,000 rapid-pulse cleaning cycles
    Recovery period—30 normal-pulse cleaning cycles
    Performance test period—six-hour filter fabric test period with impactor.

VERIFIED TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTION

Baghouses are air pollution control devices used to control particulate emissions from stationary sources
and are among the technologies evaluated by the APCT Center. Baghouses and their accompanying filter
media have long been one of the  leading particulate control techniques for industrial sources. Increasing
emphasis on higher removal efficiencies has helped the  baghouse to be continually  more competitive
when compared to the  other generic PM  control devices to the point where the baghouse is now the
control option of choice for most industrial applications. The development of new and improved filter
media has further enhanced baghouse capability to control fine PM over an expanded range of industrial
applications.
 RTI International is a trade name of Research Triangle Institute.
"Filtration velocity and gas-to-cloth ratio are used interchangeably and are defined as the gas flow rate divided by
the surface area of the cloth.

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TTG Inc. provided the following information about their filter media product. The TTG Inc. TGI00
filtration media is a 22 ounce per square yard (oz/yd2) woven fiberglass fabric laminated with an ePTFE
(expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane. Figure 1 is a photograph of the fabric. Sample material
was received as nine 46 x 91 cm (18 x 36 in.) swatches marked with the manufacturer's model number,
year and month of manufacture, and cake side (the upstream side of the fabric, which is exposed to the
particle-laden air on which the filter cake builds up). Three of the swatches were selected at random for
preparing three circular test specimens 150 mm (5.9 in.) in diameter.
    TTG  Inc.
    PC#TG100
    ePTFE  Membrane/Woven Fiberglass
                Figure 1. Photograph of TTG Inc.'s TG100 filtration media

VERIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE

Verification testing of the TTG Inc.'s TGI 00 filtration media was performed during the period of August
20-31, 2012, for standard test conditions at the test facility of ETS Incorporated, 1401 Municipal Road
NW, Roanoke, VA 24012.  Test conditions are listed in Table 1. The overall test results  summarized in
Table 2 represent the averages of three individual tests.

The APCT Center quality manager has reviewed the test results and the quality control (QC) data and has
concluded that the data quality objectives given in the generic verification protocol and test/QA plan have
been attained.

This verification statement addresses  five  aspects of filter fabric  performance:  filter  outlet  PM2s
concentration, filter outlet total mass concentration, pressure drop, filtration cycle time, and mass gain on
the filter fabric. Users may wish to consider other performance parameters, such as temperature, service
life, and cost when selecting a filter fabric for their application.

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                Table 1. Test Conditions for Baghouse Filtration Products
                      Brand/Model: TTG Inc.'s TG100 Filtration Media
Test Parameter
Dust concentration
Filtration velocity (G/C)
Pressure loss before cleaning
Tank pressure
Valve opening time
Air temperature
Relative humidity
Total raw gas stream flow rate
Sample gas stream flow rate
Number of cleaning cycles
During conditioning period
During recovery period
Performance test duration
Value
18.4 ± 3.6 g/dscm (8.0 ± 1.6 gr/dscf)
120±6m/h(6.6±0.3fpm)
1, 000 ±12 Pa (4 ±0.05 in. w.g.)
0.5 ± 0.03 MPa (75 ± 5 psi)
50 ± 5 ms
25 ± 2 °C (77 ± 4 °F)
50 ±10%
5.8 ± 0.3 m3/h (3.4 ± 0.2 cfm)
1.13 ± 0.06 m3/h (0.67 ± 0.03 cfm)
—
10,000 cycles
30 cycles
6h±1 s
Beginning of table  description.  Table  1  is titled Test Conditions for Baghouse Filtration Products; the
Brand/Model is listed as TTG Inc.'s TG100 Filtration  Media. The table describes the test conditions that
are specified in the QA/QC requirements for the test;  all conditions were achieved for this test. The table
lists the test parameters in one column and their values in the next column. The test parameters include
such items as the dust concentration, filtration velocity, flow rates, air temperature and humidity, and the
number of cleaning cycles during the test. End of table description.

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           Table 2. Baghouse Filtration Product Three-Run Average Test Results
                            for TTG Inc.'s TG100 Filtration Media
                       Verification Parameter
                      At Verification Test
                          Conditions
 Outlet particle concentration at standard conditions3
    PM2 5, g/dscm
         (gr/dscf)
    Total mass, g/dscmb
         (gr/dscf)
                         <0.0000167°
                         (<0.0000073)
                         <0.0000167°
                         (<0.0000073)
Average residual pressure drop (A P), cm w.g. (in. w.g.)
Initial residual A P, cm w.g. (in. w.g.)
Residual A P increase, cm w.g. (in. w.g.)
Filtration cycle time, s
Mass gain of test sample filter, g (gr)
Number of cleaning cycles
2.78(1.10)
2.74(1.08)
0.13(0.05)
184
0.12(1.90)
117
   Standard conditions: 101.3 kPa (14.7 psia) and 20 °C (68 °F). One or more of the impactor substrate
   weight changes for these results were near the reproducibility of the balance.
b  Total mass includes the mass of PM2 5 and larger particles that passed through the fabric.
c  The measured value was  determined to  be below the detection limit of 0.0000167 grams per cubic
   meter. The detection limit is for a six-hour test and based on VDI 3926.
Beginning of table description.  Table 2 is titled  Baghouse Filtration  Product Three-Run Average Test
Results for TTG Inc.'s TG100 Filtration Media. The table lists the verified test results for this product. The
table lists the verification parameters in one  column and their values at the verification  test conditions in
the next column. The verification parameters listed  include the outlet particle concentration, the pressure
drop characteristics, the filtration cycle time, the mass gain of the test sample,  and  number of cycles
during the test. End of table description

In accordance with the generic verification protocol,  this verification statement is applicable to  filter
media manufactured between the signature date of the verification statement and three years thereafter.
signed by Cynthia Sonich-Mullin   3/7/2013
Cynthia Sonich-Mullin            Date
Director
National  Risk Management Research Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
United States Environmental Protection Agency
signed by Jason Hill               11/1/2012
Jason Hill                        Date
Director
Air Pollution Control Technology Center
RTI International
NOTICE: ETV verifications are based on an evaluation of technology performance under specific, predetermined
criteria and the appropriate quality assurance procedures. EPA and RTI make no express or implied warranties as to
the performance of the technology and do not certify that a technology will always operate as verified. The end user
is solely responsible for complying with any and all applicable federal, state,  and local requirements. Mention of
commercial product names does not imply endorsement.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00
                                           Notice

This document was prepared by RTI International (RTI) and its subcontractor ETS Incorporated (ETS)
with partial  funding from Cooperative Agreement No. CR 83416901-0 with the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). The document has been subjected to RTI/EPA's peer and administrative
reviews and has been approved  for  publication.  Mention of  corporation  names, trade  names, or
commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use of specific products.
 RTI International is a trade name of Research Triangle Institute.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00
                                          Foreword

The  Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Program, established by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), is designed to accelerate the development and commercialization of new or
improved technologies through third-party verification and reporting of performance.  The goal of the
ETV Program is to verify the performance of commercially ready environmental technologies through the
evaluation of objective  and quality-assured data to  provide  potential  purchasers and  permitters  an
independent, credible assessment of the technology that they are buying or permitting.

The Air Pollution Control Technology Center (APCT Center) is part of the EPA's ETV Program and is
operated as a partnership between RTI International  (RTI)  and EPA.  The APCT Center verifies the
performance of commercially ready air pollution control technologies.  Verification tests use approved
protocols,  and verified performance  is reported in verification statements signed by EPA and RTI
officials. RTI contracts with ETS Incorporated (ETS) to perform verification tests  on baghouse filtration
products, including filter media.

Baghouses are air pollution control devices used to control particulate emissions from stationary  sources
and are among the technologies evaluated by the APCT Center. Baghouses and their accompanying filter
media have long been one of the leading particulate control techniques for industrial sources. Increasing
emphasis on higher removal efficiencies has helped the baghouse to be continually more competitive
when compared to the other generic  PM  control devices to the point where the baghouse is now the
control option of choice for most industrial applications. The development of new and improved filter
media has further enhanced baghouse capability to control fine  PM over an expanded range of industrial
applications. The APCT Center developed (and  EPA approved) the Generic Verification Protocol for
Baghouse Filtration Products to provide guidance on these verification tests.

The following report reviews the performance of TTG Inc.'s TG100 filtration media. ETV testing of this
technology was  conducted during August 2012 at ETS. All testing was performed  in accordance  with an
approved test/quality assurance (QA) plan that implements the requirements of the generic verification
protocol at the test laboratory.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                    TTGInc., TGI 00


                   Availability of Verification Statement and Report


Copies of this verification report are available from the following:

    RTI International
    Discovery & Analytical Sciences
    P.O. Box 12194
    Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division (E343-02)
    109 T. W. Alexander Drive
    Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

Web Site: http://www.epa.gov/etv/vt-apc.html (electronic copies)
                                             in

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00


                                     Table of Contents
                                                                                          Page
Notice	i
Foreword	ii
Availability of Verification Statement and Report	iii
List of Figures	v
List of Tables	v
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms	vi
Acknowledgments	viii
1.0   Introduction	1
2.0   Verification Test Description	2
      2.1   Description of the Test Rig and Methodology	2
      2.2   Selection of Filtration Sample for Testing	4
      2.3   Control Tests	4
      2.4   Analysis	5
3.0   Description of Filter Fabric	7
4.0   Verification of Performance	8
      4.1   Quality Assurance	8
      4.2   Results	8
      4.3   Limitations and Applications	9
5.0   References...                                                                          ..10
                                               IV

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00




List of Figures

                                                                                         Page

Figure 1. Diagram of filtration efficiency media analyzer test apparatus	3
Figure 2. Photograph of TTG Inc.'s TG100 filtration media	7
List of Tables

Table 1. Summary of Control Test Results	5
Table 2. Summary of Verification Results for TTG Inc.'s TG100 Filtration Media...                 ... 9

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Environmental Technology Verification Report
TTGInc., TGI 00
                          List of Abbreviations and Acronyms





APCT Center      Air Pollution Control Technology Center




BFP              baghouse filtration product




cfm               cubic foot/feet per minute




cm               centimeter(s)




dia.               diameter




AP               pressure drop




DQO             data quality objective




dscmh            dry standard cubic meter(s) per hour




EPA              U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency




ePTFE            expanded polytetrafluoroethylene




ETS              ETS  Incorporated




ETV              Environmental Technology Verification




FEMA            filtration efficiency media analyzer




fprn               foot/feet per minute




g                 gram(s)




g/dscm            gram(s) per dry standard cubic meter




g/m3              gram(s) per cubic meter




G/C               gas-to-cloth ratio (filtration velocity)




gr                grain(s)




gr/dscf            grain(s) per dry standard cubic foot




GVP              generic verification protocol




h                 hour(s)




in.                inch(es)




kPa               kilopascal(s)
                                              VI

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                      TTGInc., TGI 00






m                meter(s)




m/h               meter(s) per hour




m3/h              cubic meter(s) per hour




mbar             millibar(s)




min.              minute(s)




mm               millimeter(s)




MPa              megapascal(s)




ms               millisecond(s)




oz/yd2            ounce(s) per square yard




Pa               pascal(s)




PM               particulate matter




PM2 5             particulate matter 2.5 micrometers in aerodynamic diameter or smaller




psi               pound(s) per square inch




psia              pound(s) per square inch absolute




QA               quality assurance




QC               quality control




RTI              RTI International




s                 second(s)




t                 time




VDI              Verein Deutscher Ingenieure




w.g.              water gauge




um               micrometer(s)




 C               degree(s) Celsius




 F                degree(s) Fahrenheit




 R               degree(s) Rankine
o
o
o
                                               Vll

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                    TTGInc., TGI 00
                                   Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the support of all those who helped plan and conduct the verification activities.
In particular, we would like to thank Michael Kosusko, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's)
Project Officer, and Bob Wright, EPA's Quality Manager, who both work as part of EPA's National Risk
Management Research Laboratory in Research Triangle Park, NC. Finally, we would like to acknowledge
the assistance and participation of TTG Inc. personnel, who supported the test effort.

For more information on TTG Inc.'s TG100 filtration media, contact the following:

Mr. Tim Trimble
TTG Inc.
7561 South Highway 13
Higginsville, MO 64037
660-584-2448
ttrimble@ttgtech.net
For more information on verification testing of baghouse filtration products, contact the following:

Mr. Jason Hill
RTI International
P.O. Box 12194
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194
919-541-7443
APCTVC@,rti.org
                                            Vlll

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00


1.0    INTRODUCTION

This report reviews the pressure drop (AP) and filtration performance of TTG Inc.'s TG100 filtration
media. Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) testing of this technology/product was conducted
during a series of tests in August 2012 by ETS Incorporated (ETS), under contract with the Air Pollution
Control Technology Center (APCT Center). The  objective of the APCT Center and the ETV Program is
to verify, with high data quality, the performance of air pollution control technologies. Control of fine-
particle emissions  from various industrial and electric  utility sources employing baghouse  control
technology is within the scope of the APCT Center. An APCT Center program area was designed by RTI
International (RTI) and a technical panel of experts to evaluate the performance of particulate
filters for fine-particle (i.e., PM25) emission control. Based on the activities of this technical panel, the
Generic Verification Protocol for Baghouse  Filtration Products1  was developed. This protocol  was
chosen as the best guide to verify the  filtration performance of baghouse filtration products (BFPs). The
specific test/quality assurance (QA) plan for the ETV test of the technology was developed and approved
in May 2000, followed by an approved update in February 20062. The goal of the test was to measure
filtration performance of both PM2 5 and total particulate matter (PM), as well as the AP characteristics of
the TTG Inc. technology identified above.

Section 2 of this report documents the procedures used for the test and the conditions over which the test
was conducted.  A description of TTG  Inc.'s TG100 filtration media is presented in Section 3. The results
of the test are summarized and discussed in Section 4, and references are presented in Section 5.

This report contains summary information and data from the test and the verification statement. Complete
documentation of the test results is provided in a separate data package report and an audit of data quality
report. These reports include the raw  test data from product testing and supplemental testing as  well as
QA and quality control (QC) activities and results. Complete documentation of QA/QC activities and
results, raw test data, and equipment calibration results are retained in ETS's files for seven years.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00


2.0    VERIFICATION TEST DESCRIPTION

The BFPs were tested in accordance with the APCT Center Generic Verification Protocol for Baghouse
Filtration Products1 and the Test/QA Plan for the Verification Testing of Baghouse Filtration Products2
These documents incorporate all the requirements for quality management, QA, procedures for product
selection, auditing of the test laboratories, and reporting format. The Generic Verification Protocol (GVP)
describes the overall procedures used for verification testing and defines the data quality objectives. The
protocol  is based on and  describes modifications to the equipment and procedures described in Verein
Deutscher  Ingenieure (VDI)  3926, Part  2,  Testing  of Filter Media for  Cleanable Filters under
Operational Conditions, December 1994.3 The values for inlet dust concentration, raw gas flow rate, and
filtration velocity used for current verification testing have been revised in consultation with the technical
panel since posting of the GVP.  These revisions are documented in Section 4.1. The test/QA plan details
how the test laboratory at ETS implemented and met the requirements of the GVP.

2.1    Description of the Test Rig and Methodology

The tests were conducted in ETS's filtration efficiency media analyzer (FEMA) test apparatus (Figure 1).
The test apparatus is based on the VDI 3926 Type 1 vertical duct design. The test apparatus consists of a
brush-type dust feeder that disperses test dust into a vertical rectangular duct (raw-gas channel). The dust
feed rate is  continuously  measured and recorded via an electronic scale located beneath  the dust feed
mechanism. The  scale has a continuous readout with a resolution of  10  grams  (g). A radioactive
polonium-210 alpha source is used to neutralize the dust electrically before its entry into the  raw-gas
channel. An optical photo sensor monitors the concentration of dust and ensures that the flow is stable for
the entire duration of the test. The optical photo  sensor does not measure absolute concentration, and is,
therefore, not the primary concentration measurement for the test.  A portion of the gas flow is extracted
from the raw-gas channel  through the test filter, which is mounted  vertically  at the entrance to  a
horizontal duct (clean-gas channel). The clean-gas  channel  flow  is separated into two gas  streams,  a
sample stream and a bypass stream. An aerodynamic "Y" is used for this purpose. The aerodynamic "Y"
is designed for isokinetic  separation of the clean gas with 40% of the clean gas entering the sample-gas
channel without change in gas  velocity. The sample-gas channel contains an Andersen impactor for
particle separation and measurement. The bypass channel contains  an absolute filter. The flow  within the
two segments of the "Y" is continuously monitored and maintained at selected rates by adjustable valves.
Two vacuum pumps maintain air flow through the raw-gas and clean-gas channels. The flow rates, and
thus the gas-to-cloth ratio (G/C) through the test filter,  are kept constant and measured using  mass flow
controllers. A pressure transducer is used to measure the average  residual AP of the filter sample. The
pressure  transducer measures the differential pressure across the filter samples every 3 seconds; the
residual AP measurements are those taken 3 seconds after the cleaning pulse. The AP measurements are
then averaged, as described in Appendix C, Section 4.4.1 of the GVP.1 High-efficiency filters are installed
upstream of the flow controllers and pumps to prevent contamination or damage caused by the dust. The
cleaning  system consists of a compressed-air tank set at 0.5  megapascals (MPa) (75 pounds per square
inch (psi)), a quick-action diaphragm valve, and a blow tube [25.4  millimeters (mm) (1.0 inches (in.))
diameter (dia.)]  with a nozzle [3 mm (0.12 in.) dia.] facing the downstream side of the test filter.

Mean outlet particle concentration is determined when a portion of the gas flow is extracted  from the raw-
gas channel through the test filter, which is mounted vertically at the entrance to a horizontal duct (clean-
gas channel). The clean-gas flow is separated using an aerodynamic "Y" so that a representative sample
of the clean gas flows through an Andersen impactor that determines the outlet particle concentration.
Outlet particle concentrations were determined by weighing the mass increase of dust collected in each
impactor filter stage and dividing by the gas volumetric flow through the impactor.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report
           TTGInc., TGI 00
The particle size was measured while a fine dust was injected into the air stream upstream of the filter
fabric sample. The particle size distributions in the air were determined both upstream and downstream
of the test filter fabric to provide accurate results for penetration through the test filter of PM2 5.
                                                     DUST FEED FROM EXTERN.*!.HOPPER

                                                     DUST CHARGE NEUTRALIZER

                                                     RECTANGULAR CHANNEL
                                                     111 x292 mm (4-3/8 X11-1C1;)
                                                     PHOTOMETER

                                                     FILTER FIXTURE AND TEST FILTER

                                                     CYLINDRICAL EXTRACTION TUBE

                                                     CLEAN-GAS SAMPLE PORT

                                                     RAW-GAS SAMPLE PORT

                                                     CLEANING SYSTEM
                                                                               BACKUP
                                                                               FILTER
                                                                                    MASS FLOW
                                                                                    CONTROLLER
                                                     ABSOLUTE FILTER AND
                                                     ANDERSEMIMPACTOR
ADJUSTABLE
  VALVES
                                                                            CALIBRATED
                                                                            ORIFICE
                                                                BLOW TUBE
                                                                DIRTY AIR
                                                                FILTER
                                                                        CLEAN AIR PUMP
                                                           MASS FLOW
                                                          CONTROLLER
      DIRTYAJR
       PUMP
                                 DUST
                                 CONTAINER
             Figure 1. Diagram of filtration efficiency media analyzer test apparatus.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                      TTGInc., TGI 00


The following series of tests was performed on three separate randomly selected filter fabric samples:

    Conditioning period
    Recovery period

    Performance test period.
To simulate long-term operation, the test filter was first subjected to a conditioning period, which consists
of 10,000 rapid-pulse cleaning cycles under continuous dust loading. During this period, the time between
cleaning  pulses was maintained at 3 seconds.  No  filter performance parameters are measured in this
period.

The conditioning period is immediately followed by a recovery period, which allows the test filter fabric
to recover from  rapid  pulsing.  The  recovery period  consists of 30  normal filtration cycles under
continuous and constant dust loading. During a normal filtration cycle, the dust cake  is allowed to form
on the test filter until  a differential pressure of 1,000 Pa (4.0 in. w.g.) is reached. At this point, the test
filter is cleaned by a pulse of compressed air from the clean-gas side of the fabric.  The next filtration
cycle begins immediately after the cleaning is complete.

Performance  testing  occurred for  a six-hour  period immediately following  the recovery  period (a
cumulative total of 10,030 filtration cycles after the test filter had been installed in the test apparatus).
During the performance test period, normal  filtration cycles are maintained and, as in the case  of the
conditioning and recovery periods, the test filter is subjected to continuous and constant dust loading.

The filtration velocity  (G/C) and inlet dust concentrations were maintained at 120 ± 6 meters (m)/hour (h)
(6.6 ± 0.3  feet per minute (fpm)) and  18.4 ± 3.6 g/dry  standard  cubic  meter (dscm) (8.0 ±  1.6 grains
(gr)/dry standard cubic foot (dscf)), respectively, throughout all phases of the test.

2.2    Selection of Filtration Sample for Testing

Filter fabric samples of TG100 filtration media were supplied to ETS  directly from the manufacturer
(TTG Inc.), with a letter signed by Tim Trimble, Owner/Engineering Director, TTG Inc., attesting that the
filter media were selected at random in an unbiased manner from commercial-grade media and were not
treated differently in any manner from the media provided to customers. The manufacturer supplied the
test laboratory with  nine 46 x 91 cm (18 x 36 in.) filter samples. The test laboratory randomly selected
three samples and prepared them for testing by cutting one test specimen of 150 mm (5.9 in.) diameter
from each selected sample for insertion in the test rig sample holder. The sample holder has an opening
140 mm (5.5  in.) in  diameter,  which  is the dimension used to  calculate the  face  area of the tested
specimen.

2.3    Control  Tests

Two types of control tests were  performed during  the verification test  series.  The first  was a dust
characterization, which is performed monthly. The reference dust used during the verification tests was
Pural NF aluminum oxide dust. The Pural NF dust was oven dried for two hours and sealed in an airtight
container prior to its insertion into the FEMA apparatus. The criteria for the dust characterization test are
a maximum mass mean diameter of 1.5 ± 1.0 micrometers (um) and a concentration between 40% and
90% of particles less than 2.5 (im.  These criteria must be met in order  to continue the verification test
series.

The second control test, the reference value test, is performed quarterly using the reference fabric and the
FEMA apparatus.  The reference value test determines the weight gain of the reference fabric, as  well as

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Environmental Technology Verification Report
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the maximum AP (final residual pressure drop). The results of the test verified that the FEMA apparatus
was operating consistently within the required parameters. The average fabric maximum AP (average of
the repeated measurements of final residual pressure drop conducted during the  quarter applicable to this
test) in a reference value test must be 0.60  centimeters (cm) w.g. ± 40%, and the fabric weight gain
average must be 1.12 g ± 40%. Three reference value control test runs were conducted. The results of the
control tests are summarized in Table 1.
                            Table 1. Summary of Control Test Results
—
Mass mean diameter, urn
% Less than 2.5 urn
Weight gain, g
Maximum pressure drop, cm w.g.
Requirement
1.5± 1.0
40%-90%
1.12 ±40%
0.60 ± 40%
Measured Value
2.34
52.87%
0.70
0.55
Criteria Met
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Beginning of table description. Table  1  is titled Summary of Control Test Results. The table lists the
results of measurements meant  to characterize the operation  of the test apparatus. The mass mean
diameter of the challenge aerosol, the percent less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, the weight gain of a
reference fabric and the maximum pressure drop of the reference fabric were measured. In  columns, the
table lists the QA/QC requirements, the values measured during the control tests, and whether or not the
criteria were met. For this test, all criteria were met. End of table description.
2.4    Analysis
The equations used for verification analysis are described below.
Af
Cds
C2.5ds
dia.
Fa
Fs
G/C
Mt
M2.5

N
"avg
Pi
PS
Qa
Qds
Q2.5ds
Qst
t
Exposed area of sample filter, m2
Dry standard outlet particulate concentration of total mass, g/dscm
Dry standard outlet particulate concentration of PM2 5, g/dscm
Diameter of exposed area of sample filter, m
Dust feed concentration corrected for actual conditions, g/m3
Dust feed concentration corrected for standard conditions, g/dscm
Gas-to-cloth ratio, m/h
Total mass gain from Andersen impactor, g
Total mass  gain of particles equal to or less than  2.5  um  diameter from Andersen
impactor, g.  This value may need to be linearly interpolated from test data.
Number of filtration cycles in a given performance test period
Average residual AP, cm w.g.
Residual AP for /'* filtration cycle, cm w.g.
Absolute gas pressure as measured in the raw-gas channel, millibars (mbar)
Actual gas flow rate, cubic meters (m3)/h
Dry standard gas flow rate, dry standard cubic meters per hour (dscmh)
Dry standard gas flow rate for 2.5 um particles, dscmh
Standard gas flow rate for a specific averaging time (t), dscmh
Specified averaging time or sampling time, seconds (s)

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00


tc      =      Average filtration cycle time, s
Ts     =      Raw-gas channel temperature, degrees Fahrenheit (°F)
Wf     =      Weight of dust in feed hopper following specified time, g. Because of vibrations causing
               short-term fluctuations to the feed hopper, this value is measured as a 1 -minute (min.)
               average.
w;     =      Weight of dust in feed hopper at the beginning of the specified time, g. Due to vibrations
               causing short-term fluctuations to  the feed hopper, this value is measured as a 1-min.
               average.
Conversion factors and standard values used in the equations are listed below.

460    =  0 °F, in degrees Rankine (°R)
1,013  =  Standard atmospheric pressure,  mbar
528    =  Standard temperature, °R

Area of Sample Fabric, Af
Actual Gas Flow Rate, Qa
           =0     fr.+460)*1013
Gas-to-Cloth Ratio, G/C

        G   O,,


Standard Dust Feed Concentration, Fs, for a specified time, t

             (w.-w, \
         zr 	 '• •	••' ••'
          ' ~  (O., *t)
Actual Raw Gas Dust Concentration, Fa

                 "iX +4601*1013"
        F, = F.*\ —	—	

Dry Standard Clean Gas Particulate Concentration, Total Mass, Cds

        c             a/t	
          '•*-            ;'    0 • TJ /°li \
              , ^   .   .  ^    'ori-vL/
              *_"*-'     ,     100  ;_
Dry Standard Clean Gas Particulate Concentration, PM2.5, C25ds
                          A/,,
                                 100

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Environmental Technology Verification Report
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Filtration Cycle Time, tc
Average Residual Pressure Drop, Pavg

             IP.
3.0    DESCRIPTION OF FILTER FABRIC

The TTG Inc. TG100 filtration media is a 22 ounce per square yard (oz/yd2) woven fiberglass fabric
laminated with an ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane. Figure 2 is a photograph of the
fabric. Sample material was  received as nine 46 x 91 cm (18 x 36 in.)  swatches marked with the
manufacturer's model number, year and month of manufacture, and cake side (the upstream side of the
fabric, which is exposed to the particle-laden air, on  which  the filter cake builds up). Three  of the
swatches were selected at random for preparing three circular test specimens 150 mm (5.9 in.) in
diameter.
   TTG Inc.
    PC#TG100
    ePTFE Membrane/Woven Fiberglass
                  Figure 2. Photograph of TTG Inc.'s TG100 filtration media.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00


4.0    VERIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE

4.1    Quality Assurance

The verification tests were conducted in accordance with an approved test/QA plan.2 The EPA quality
manager conducted an independent assessment of the test laboratory in June 2005 and found that the test
laboratory was equipped and operated as specified in the test/QA plan.

The ETS QA officer and the APCT Center's QA  staff have reviewed the results  of this test and have
found that the results meet the overall data quality objectives as stated in the test/QA plan. Because of the
highly efficient nature of the filter medium being tested, one or more of the impactor substrate weighings
for these results were below the reproducibility of the balance. The relative percent error in the post-filter
weighing measurements cannot be computed because some of the values were near zero. As a result of
this occurrence, the  tests do not meet the data quality objectives (DQOs) stated in the test/QA  plan for
mass  gain associated  with outlet concentrations. However, as stated in the test protocol,  "for highly
efficient fabrics, the mass gains stated for these quality objectives may not be achieved  in the specified
test duration. For these tests it is acceptable for the indicated DQO not to be met."

Data on calibration certificates for the flow  meters, flow transducers, weights, low- and high-resolution
balances, thermometer, and humidity logger are maintained at ETS in a separate data package.

Deviations from the test plan  include organizational personnel  changes and an invalidated test run 6V3-
R2 due to non-standard test conditions. The  test parameters of average dust concentration and total dust
feed for the recovery period of run 6V3-R2 were outside the standard test specifications and the entire run
was voided.

The ETS QA officer and the APCT Center's QA staff have also reviewed the results of the control tests,
which are summarized in  Section 2.3, Table  1. The dust characterization control test met the appropriate
requirements of the test/QA plan and verification protocol. The reference fabric tests met maximum AP
and weight gain requirements established for reference fabric performance in the GVP, indicating the
measurement system is operating in control.

4.2    Results

Table 2 summarizes the mean outlet particle  concentration measurements for the verification test periods.
Measurements were conducted during the six-hour performance test period. The performance test period
followed a 10,000-cycle conditioning period  and a 30-cycle recovery period.

Table 2 summarizes the  three verification  tests that were performed under standard verification test
conditions. The average residual AP across each filter sample at the nominal 120 m/h (6.6 fpm) filtration
velocity [for a flow rate of 5.8 m3/h (3.4 cfm)] is also shown in Table 2. This AP ranged from 2.55 to 2.97
cm w.g. (1.00 to 1.17 in. w.g.) for the three filter samples tested. The  residual AP  increase ranged from
0.11 to 0.17  cm w.g. (0.04  to  0.07  in. w.g.)  for the  samples tested.  All three  standard condition
verification runs  were used  to  compute the averages  given in  Table  2.  The PM2s  outlet  particle
concentration average for the three runs is < 0.0000167 g/dscm. The total PM concentration average for
the three runs is < 0.0000167 g/dscm.

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           Table 2. Summary of Verification Results for TTG Inc.'s TG100 Filtration Media
Test Run Number
PM2.5 (g/dscm)b
Total PM (g/dscm)
Average residual AP (cm w.g.)
Initial residual AP (cm w.g.)
Residual AP increase (cm w.g.)
Mass gain of sample filter (g)
Average filtration cycle time (s)
Number of cleaning cycles
6V3-R1
<0.0000167C
<0.0000167C
2.97
2.91
0.17
0.16
192
112
6V3-R3
<0.0000167
<0.0000167
2.55
2.50
0.11
0.09
175
123
6V3-R4
<0.0000167
<0.0000167
2.83
2.80
0.11
0.12
185
116
Average3
<0.0000167
<0.0000167
2.78
2.74
0.13
0.12
184
117
a  All three verification runs were used to compute averages.

b  One or more of the impactor substrate weight changes for these results were near the reproducibility limit of the
   balance.

c  The measured value was determined to be below the detection  limit of 0.0000167 grams per cubic meter. The
   detection limit is for a six-hour test and based on VDI 3926.

Beginning of table description. Table 2 is titled Summary of Verification Results for TTG Inc.'s TG100 Filtration Media.
The table lists the verified test results for the three replicate test runs and their averages. The table lists the particle
concentrations downstream of the sample filters, the pressure drop characteristics, the mass gain of the sample filter,
the average filtration cycle time, and the number of cleaning cycles during the test. In separate columns, results for
these parameters are listed for each of the three test runs and their averages. End of table description.

4.3     Limitations and Applications

This verification  report addresses two aspects of BFP performance: outlet particle  concentration and AP.
Users may wish to consider other performance parameters, such as service life and cost, when selecting a
baghouse filtration fabric for their application.

In accordance with the GVP, the verification statement, which summarizes this test report, is applicable to
BFPs manufactured between the signature date of the verification statement and three years thereafter.

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Environmental Technology Verification Report                                     TTGInc., TGI 00
5.0    REFERENCES

1.      RTI International. 2001. Generic Verification Protocol for Baghouse Filtration Products, RTI
       International, Research Triangle Park, NC, February. Available at
       http://www.epa.gov/etv/pubs/05_vp_bfp.pdf (accessed September 10, 2012).

2.      ETS Incorporated and RTI International. 2006. Test/QA Plan for the Verification Testing of
       Baghouse Filtration Products (Revision 2), ETS Incorporated, Roanoke, VA, and RTI
       International, Research Triangle Park, NC, February. Available at
       http://www.epa.gov/etv/pubs/600etv06095.pdf (accessed September 10, 2012).

3.      Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI). 1994. VDI 3926, Part 2, Testing of Filter Media for
       Cleanable Filters under Operational Conditions, December 1994. Available from Beuth Verlag
       GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany.
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