Reduction of
Toxics Loadings to
the Niagara River from
Hazardous Waste Sites
in the United States
A Report by the United States Environmental Protection Agency
and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
November 1989
EPA 950-R-89-001
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SEDUCTION OF TOXICS LOADINGS
TO THE NIAGARA RIVER
FROM HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
IN THE UNITED STATES
A report by the United States Environmental * Protection Agency
and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
November 1989
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction 1
Approach 2
Conclusions 3
Further Analysis 4
Tables I - IV. • 6-10
Figures I - III 11-14
Appendix I - Point and Non-Point Source Components:
Niagara River Differential Loadings of
50% Reduction Chemicals
Appendix II - Priority Niagara River Hazardous Waste Sites:
Site Descriptions; Cleanup Schedules
Acronyms
Occidental Chemical - Buffalo Av. Plant 1
Niagara County Refuse Disposal 3
DuPont Necco Park 5
CICOS International 7
Occidental Chemical - Hyde Park 9
102nd Street 12
Bell Aerospace Textron 14
BTL Specialty Resins 16
S-Area 18
Stauffer Plant, PASNY Site 20
Solvent Chemical 22
SKW Alloys 23
Olin - Buffalo Av. Plant 25
DuPont - Buffalo Av. Plant 27
Buffalo Harbor Containment 28
Buffalo Color 29
Buffalo Color, Area D 31
Bethlehem Steel 33
River Road [INS Equipment] 35
Frontier Chemical - Pendleton 37
Occidental Chemical - Durez 39
Small Boat Harbor Containment 40
Gratwick Riverside Park 42
Mobil Oil 44
IGCyoled paper ccolojsi nn
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Introduction
On February 4, 1987, the "Four Parties" [Environment Canada (EC),
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Ontario
Ministry of the Environment (MOE), and the New York State
Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC)] signed a
Declaration of Intent that commits to reducing, by 50 percent, by
1996, the point and non-point loadings of persistent toxic
chemicals of concern entering the Niagara River.
Since that time, the Niagara River Toxics Management Plan (NRTMP)
has identified fifteen toxics that exceed the most stringent
applicable standards, criteria or guidelines for the Niagara
River water column and/or Lake Ontario sportfish tissue. These
are referred to as the NRTMP priority toxics. Of these fifteen
toxics, ten have been shown to have significant Niagara River
sources. These ten are the persistent toxic chemicals of concern
to which the 50% reduction commitment applies (Table I on
page 6).
Inputs of toxics to the Niagara River from point sources have
been identified and are being addressed in accordance with U.S.
and Canadian point source plans. EPA/DEC and MOE issued these
point source reports in June 1989, summarizing progress to date •
and identifying plans for further reductions of toxics from point
sources to the Niagara River. The U.S. report was an interim
report that will be finalized by January 1990.
Unfortunately, non-point sources of toxics to the Niagara River
(e.g., leachate from hazardous waste dumps, stormwater runoff,
atmospheric deposition) are more difficult to quantify and
control.
The October 1988 NRTMP Update provides initial estimates of the
total non-point source loadings of the ten persistent toxic
chemicals of concern that are included on the list for 50%
reduction; these estimates are shown in Appendix I. The
estimates were developed by computing the total Niagara River
differential load based on ambient data, and subtracting the
independently measured point source load. These estimates showed
that the dominant loads of toxics to the Niagara River are the
non-point source loadings, not the point source loadings.
The Four Parties recognize the need to develop independent
estimates of non-point source loadings and to check on the
consistency of the independently derived differential, point and
non-point source loadings through the construction of a mass
balance. This issue is addressed in detail in a separate report:
A Framework for the Niagara River50% Reduction.Progress Report.
Although comprehensive independent estimates of non-point source
loading to the Niagara River are not yet available, it is
generally agreed that hazardous waste sites constitute the most
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signlfleant component of that loading.' Therefore, in order to
proceed as expeditiously as possible to the implementation of
non-point source control programs, the Pour Parties have agreed
that an initial focus will be on the remediation of hazardous
waste sites contributing, or potentially contributing, loadings
to the Niagara River of the ten toxics on the list for 50%
reduction.
In accordance with Activity N-1QO in the NRTMP, the Pour Parties
have, therefore, agreed to prepare separate U.S. and Canadian
reports that Identify the hazardous waste sites with the greatest
potential for contributing priority toxics to the river, and to
provide specific remediation schedules. This is the U.S. report.
The Canadian report will be completed by February 1990.
Approach
An IPA study performed under contract to Gradient Corp./Geotrans,
Inc., Contaminant Loadings to the Niagara River from U.S.
gazardous Waste Sites (February 1988), provided estimates of
actual and potential toxics loadings to the Niagara River from
hazardous waste sites in the United States. In identifying the
sites to be targeted for prompt reductions in the loading of
toxics to the Niagara River, all known U.S. hazardous waste sites
in the Niagara River area were considered. To focus on the sites
that represent a significant potential for toxics loadings to the
river, the following criteria for site selection were employed:
proximity to the river or its tributaries, types and amounts of
wastes present, potential for migration of all toxics, and
judgment of agency personnel. Application of these criteria to
the sites indicated that priority attention should be focused on
the potential impact of 70 hazardous waste sites in the United
States. Although this report addresses all 70 individual sites,
it treats them as 33 site areas or clusters, largely based on the
manner in which data have historically been collected. The
locations of these sites are depicted in Figure I on page 11 and
are referred to by their United States Geological Survey site
numbers.
EPA's contractor then developed estimates of the total loading of
toxics that migrate, or potentially migrate, from the sites to
the Niagara River. It should be noted that because the
collection of site-specific transport data is ongoing, certain
assumptions were necessary in order to make the estimates — for
instance, that groundwater flow is horizontal, and that
pollutants behave in a conservative manner. These assumptions
yield conservative estimates, that is, estimates of toxics
loadings that are higher than actual loadings.
Table II (on page 7) presents the 33 site clusters in declining
order of the best available estimates of toxics loads to the
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Niagara River and Indicates the degree' of confidence in the
estimates. It is estimated that 694 #/day of total toxics
migrate, or have the potential to migrate, from these sites to
the Niagara River. Figure II on page 13 illustrates the relative
magnitude of the estimated loads for the sites. Table II also
indicates whether testing at each site has identified the
presence of the priority toxics characterized by the NRTMP.
Further detail on which NRTMP priority toxics have been
identified at the sites with load estimates >1 i/day is presented
in Table III on pages 8 and 9.
The strategy underlying this report is to reduce the toxics
loadings from the sites contributing the largest load of total
toxics to the river. The report focuses on the 22 Category I and
II site clusters identified in Table II; the table shows that the
total loading from these site clusters is estimated to be 99.9%
of the total loading from all hazardous waste sites to the river.
As indicated in Tables II and III, 18 of these 22 site clusters
have been shown to contain one or more of the ten toxics on the
list for S0% reduction (the remaining four sites have not yet
been analyzed for all NRTMP toxics). By reducing the total
toxics load, we will reduce the load of the ten toxics on the
list for 50% reduction.
Conclusions
Appendix II presents ambitious schedules intended to drive the
cleanup of twenty of the twenty-two site clusters that
contribute, or have the potential to contribute, >l I/day of
total toxics to the Niagara River. Table I"? (on page 10)
presents the magnitude and timing of anticipated toxics load
reductions due to the cleanup of these sites. Figure III (on
page 14) presents the same information in the form of a bar
chart. They illustrate that the best estimate of the present or
potential loading of all toxics from these sites to the Niagara
River (694 #/day) is anticipated to be reduced to 8.2 I/day by
1996. This constitutes a reduction of approximately 99%.
We wish to emphasize that the schedules should be used with care.
Particular attention should be paid to the footnotes to each
schedule, which*identify the dependence of projected cleanup
milestones on the completion of other tasks. A number of these
milestones may be affected by factors outside the control of EPA
and DEC. For instance, many sites have not been fully
investigated, and, therefore, we have yet to determine the full
extent of cleanup required. Also, for many sites DEC and IPA
must negotiate with the responsible party or parties to reach
agreement on the extent of site investigation and cleanup
required. DEC and EPA will report regularly on progress in
cleaning up these hazardous waste sites. If cleanup schedules
must be revised, explanations will be provided.
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The load reduction estimates shown in'Table IV and Figure III
assume that the total estimated load from a site is eliminated at
the time site cleanup is completed. This assumption warrants two
qualifications:
o The first is that a reduction in the toxics load from a site
may occur before site cleanup is complete. Since some of
the sites have been partially cleaned up, and since interim
cleanup measures are typically included in site schedules,
this is a conservative qualification — that is, if site
cleanups proceed according to schedule, some load reductions
will proceed more quickly than shown in Table IV and
Figure III.
o The second qualification is that, after some sites are
cleaned up, there may be a residual loading from the site to
the river. For example, we may be unable to capture all
pollutants that have migrated off site. This is a non-
conservative qualification.
As additional information pertinent to these assumptions becomes
available, load reduction estimates will 'be revised, as
appropriate, and made available to the public.
Appendix II indicates that further evaluation will be required
before meaningful remediation schedules can be developed, as
necessary, for the two remaining sites that contribute, or have
the potential to contribute, >l I/day of total toxics to the
Niagara River. The first site, Buffalo Harbor Containment, will
be evaluated in the context of three parallel efforts — the
Buffalo River Remedial Action Plan, the Great Lakes Assessment
and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments (ARCS) program, and the
Clean Water Act Section 404 program. The second site, Mobil oil,
is on a three-year groundwater monitoring schedule, with the next
sampling to occur in 1991; based on the results of sample
analysis, a cleanup schedule will be developed, as appropriate.
i
Further Analysis
As indicated above, Gradient Corp./Geotrans Inc. were required to
make a number of assumptions in order to estimate the' loadings of
toxics from hazardous waste sites. In order to improve these
loadings estimates, EPA and DEC will:
o Develop site loading estimates specific to the NRTMP
priority toxics (FY'90), and
o Develop improved site loading estimates, based on refined
site-specific groundwater flow information developed by the
United States Geological Survey as an outgrowth of its
three-dimensional hydrogeological model of the Niagara Palls
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area, and reflecting the most current conditions (including, for
instance, additional sites uncovered, and changes to the Falls
Street Tunnel flow). Improved loading estimates will be
developed for the NRTMP toxics and for toxics overall. (PY'91)
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TABLE I: NRTMP PRIORITY TOXICS
o benz ( a } anthracene
o benz o ( a ) py r ene
o benzo(b)fluoranthene
o benzo (k) f luoranthene
o chlordane
o chrysene
o dieldrin
o hexachlorobenzene
o mercury
o mirex
o octachlorostyrene
o PCBs (total)
o DDT & metabolites
0 dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)
o tetraehloroethylene
•N.R. WATER
EXCEEDANCES1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
L.O. FISH
EXCEEDANCES2
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SIGNIFICANT
NR SOURCES3
X
X
X
X
X
X
,x
X
X
X
1 These seven chemicals were identified from a master list of
persistent toxic chemicals as exceeding water quality
standards, criteria or guidelines at Niagara-on-the-Lake.
2 These nine chemicals were identified from a master list of
persistent toxic chemicals as exceeding fish tissue standards,
criteria or guidelines in Lake Ontario.
3 These ten chemicals were identified, based on ambient Niagara
River water column data, as having a significant positive
differential load (i.e., a positive differential load > 25% of
the total load as measured at Niagmra-on-the-Lake), or~"based on
the existence of known current Niagara River sources.
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TABLE II: BEST AmiLABLE ESTIMATES OF EXISTING OR POTENTIAL
TOXICS LOADINGS TO THE NIAGARA RIVER
Data Priority
I/Day Confidence Toxics
Category I (Sites contributing >50 f/day)
Occidental Chemical - Buffalo Av. 340 M X
Niagara County Refuse Disposal 88 L X
DuPont Necco Park/CICOS 65 MX
Occidental Chemical - Hyde Park 57 H X
subtotal 550
Category II (Sites contributing 1-50 #/day)
102nd Street 26 M X
Bell Aerospace Textron 19 MX
BTL Specialty Resins 15 H/M 8
S-Area 14 M X
Stauffer Plant, PASNY Site 12 H X
Solvent Chemical 9.3 M/L '
SKW Alloys 8.6 M s
Olin - Buffalo Av. Plant 7.1 M/L X
DuPont - Buffalo Av. Plant 6.6 H/M X
Buffalo Harbor Containment 6.1 M/L 8
Buffalo Color , 4.4 M/L X
Bethlehem Steel 3 MX
River Road ŁINS Equipment] 2.7 M X
Frontier Chemical - Pendleton 2.6 M X
Occidental Chemical - Durez 2 M/L X
Small Boat Harbor Containment 1.8 M X
Gratwick Riverside Park • 1.3 M/L X
Mobil Oil 1.3 M X
subtotal 143
Category III (Sites contributing <1 i/day)
Alltift Realty 0.17 M/L
Charles Gibson 0.16 M
Great Lakes Carbon 0.13 L
Huntley Power Station 0.11 M
Times Beach Containment \ 0.091 M/L
Tonawanda Coke 0.056 M
Allied Chemical 0.02 L
Tonawanda Landfill 0.0061 L
Dunlop Tire and Rubber 0.0017 L
Columbus-McKinnon 0.0001 L
Love Canal 0 H
subtotal 0.75
1. Potential Contaminant Loadings to the Niagara River from U.S.
Hazardous Waste Sites, Gradient Corp./Geotrans Inc., Feb 1988.
2. Data Confidence: H=high; M-mediumi L=low degree of confidence.
3. Priority toxics as defined in the NRTMP.
a. Site not yet analyzed for the presence of all NRTMP toxics
(see Table III for details).
b. Due to the relatively low loadings of toxics to the Niagara
River, we have not checked these sites, as part of this
effort, for the presence of NRTMP priority toxics,
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Table III
mam nmiiv TOXICS DETECTED AT wtMuaat nun SITES di
10 TONICS OH Lift fOt 50X REDUCTION
Occidental OHM. - Buffalo Av.
Niagara. County xefuaa Dlapoaal
DuPont Hacce Psrk/CECOS
Occidental Uwa. - Nyda Park
102nd Straat
Ball Aaroapaca Taxtron
STL Specialty Baslna 12)
S-Araa
Stauffar Plant, PASHT Slta
Solvant ChMlcal (3)
SKU Alleys 14)
01 In - Buffalo Av. Plant 14)
DuPont - Buffalo Av. Plant
Buffalo Harbor Contalrawnt (!)
Buffalo Color, fncl. Area B
BatklahoB Staal
Blvar Boad [INS Equipment]
Frontlar CMOB. - Pandlaton (2)
Occidental Cbaaical * Burax
Sa»ll Boat Barter Contalnamt'
Cratulck Blvaralda Park
Mobil Oil
* SITES WITH A SPECIFIC TOXIC
Bantfa)-
mthracana
4
X
X
X
X
X
- •
.
at
•
X
X
X
*
X
X
X
11
BanvXa)-
pyrana
X
X
X
X
X
•"
•
X
X
.
"°
.
X
X
t
Senio(b)- Baram(k)- Nexachloro-
fluoranthana fluorantkana temana
X
XXX
XXX
X
X X
XX-
•
XXX
X
...
XX-
XXX
XX-
- - •
X
...
X -
X ' X
11 • •
Mercury Ml rax
X
.
*
X X
. .
*
X
m a»
-
X
X
*
X
X
X
X
o i
PCBa
(total)
X
X
X
X
X
*
X
X
'
X
*
m
-
X
X
X
•
11
B train Tatrachloro-
(2.3.7.B-TCOD) athylena
X X
X
X
X X
X
* «
X
X
X
• ,
•>
*
X
X
*
X
*
I 10
• of
•10 Toxics"
(
F
•
S
a
4
•
f
^
o
i
i
3
•
f
6
3
• 3
1
3
*
3
•i
11} A BASH INDICATES THAT TtSTIHS HAS BMAUO ABSEWZ OP THf CKNICAL OH SITE; A BUI* INDICATES id HLIAIlf SITE MTA M THE CatNIOL.
Ill HO CHEMICAL BATA AVAIUBlf; IF I ANALYTIC BATA EKrCCTEO 127B9.
11} SITE HAS HOT BEEN TESTEft FOB MTNP MIOBITf TOXICS
14) CHEMICAL BATA AUAiLASLf FOB MfBCUIV OXLf
IS) latTMf MIOllTf TONICS NAW NOT BUI HTICTEO
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TABLI III
wrap maun TONIC* MUCH* AT mumam IMSTI IITM
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TABLE IV
ESTIMATED 1989 TOXICS LOADINGS (//DAY) FROM HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
AND ANTICIPATED REDUCTIONS THROUGH 1996
occidental Chen. - Buffalo Av.
Niagara County Refuse Disposal
DuPont Necco ParK/CECOS
Occidental Cham. - Hyde Park
102nd Street
Bell Aerospace Textron
BTL Specialty Resins
S-Area
Stauffer Plant, PASNY Sit*
Solvent Chemical
SKW Alloys
Olin - Buffalo Av. Plant
DuPont - Buffalo Av. Plant
Buffalo Harbor Containment
Buffalo Color
Bethlehem Steel
River Road [INS Equipment]
Frontier Chemical - Pendleton
Occidental Chemical - purez
Small Boat Harbor Containment
Gfatwlck Riverside Park
ttfbil Oil
e
QtHER SITES
1909
340
88
65
57
26
19
15
14
12
9.3
8.6
7.1
6.6
6.1
4.4
3
2.7
2.6
2
1.8
1.3
1.3
0.75
1990
1991
1992
1993
-17
1994
-88
-26
*
-14
1995
1996
-340
-65
-19
-15
-12
-9.3
-8.6
-6.6
-7.1
-4.4
-3
-2
-2.6
-1.3
-2.7
-1.8
TOTAL REMAINING LOAD
693.55 690.55 627.95 627.95 615.95 484.05 461.65
8.15
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FIGURI I
ONTA"10
01114 MILES
See Legend qn page 12 for Identification of sites.
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Figure I: Legend
Sites are listed in order of the best estimates of potential
toxics loadings to the Niagara River, as presented in Table II:
Site Name USGS Site Numbers
> 50 #/day
Occidental Chemical - Buffalo Av. 41b-49
Niagara County Refuse Disposal 81
DuPont Necco Park 14
CECOS International/Niagara Recycling 78a,b
Occidental Chemical - Hyde Park 39
1-50 f/day
102nd Street... 40,56, 35, 941
Bell Aerospace Textron 5
BTL Specialty Resins €6
S-Area 4la
Stauffer Plant, PASNY Site t 255
Solvent Chemical ' 251'
SXW Alloys 1
Olin - Buffalo Av. Plant 58,59,248
DuPont - Buffalo Av. Plant 15-19,250
Buffalo Harbor Containment 254
Buffalo Color, incl. Area-D 120-122
Bethlehem Steel 118
River Road (INS Equipment) 136
Frontier Chemical - Pendleton 67
Occidental Chemical - Durez 24-37
Small Boat Harbor Containment 253
Gratwick Riverside Park 68
Mobil Oil 141
< 1 i/day
Alltift Realty 162
Charles Gibson 242
Great Lakes Carbon 22
Huntley Power Station 182
Times Beach Containment 241
Tonawanda Coke 108
Allied Chemical 107
Tonawanda Landfill 207
Dunlop Tire and Rubber 125-127
Columbus-McKinnon 123
Love Canal 38
1 Occidental 102nd Street site (#40), Olin 102nd Street site
(#56), Griffon Park (#85), and the Niagara River Belden site
(#94).
lecyclod papor ' ecology and environment
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Figure II
Hazardous Waste Site Loading Estimates
Solvent SnCeVmtcai/fl.3k?%^
Stauffer. PASNY (1.7%)
S~Area (2.0%)
BTL Spec. Resins (2.2%)
Bell Aero. Textron (2,7%)
102nd Street (3.8%)
Other (5.6%)
OCC Hyde Park (8.2%)
gNecco Park/CECOS (9.4%)
OCC Buf Ave (49.1%)
Niagara County Refuse (12.7%)
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FIGURE III
ESTIMATED LOADINGS TO THE NIAGARA RIVER
FROM HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES
700
600
500 -
400
300 -
200 -
100
1990 1991 1992 1993
19S9
199S 1996
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Appendix I
Point and Non-Point Source Components:
Niagara River Differential Loadings of
50% Reduction Chemicals
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Point: and Non—Point Source Components
Niagara River Differential Loadings
50% Reduction Chemicals
4/1/86-3/31/87
(Kilograms Per Day)
Chemicals
Niagara River
Differential
Leadings
Point Source
Component *
Can. U.S,
**
Non-Point***
Source Comsonent
Toxics Showing 25% Positive
Differential Load
benz ( a ) anthracene
benzo ( a ) pyr ene
benzo ( b ) f luoranthene
benzo ( k ) f luoranthene
tetrachloroethylene
mi rex
hexachlorobenzene
0.5618
0.993
1.463
1.518
312.456
0.014
0.179
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.35
0.00
0.0001
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.00
5.33
0.00
0.02
0.5618
0.993
1.413
1.518
306.686
0.014
0.159
Additional Toxics with Known.
Current Niagara River Sources
PCBs
mercury
dioxin (2.3.7.8 TCDD)
NC
NC
ND
0.0033
0.0048
0.00
O.Oi
0.37
0.00
NC
NC
NC
Notes
NC - not calculated
ND --not detected in ambient river
monitoring
* -
** -
*** _
assumes ND=0
chemicals were analyzed at facilities for which there
was evidence of a discharge of the chemical
by subtraction
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Appendix II
PRIORITY NIAGARA RIVER HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES:
- Acronyms
- Site Descriptions & Cleanup Schedules
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ACRONYMS '
APL - Aqueous phase liquids
CERCLA - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act of 1979
CHI * Corrective Measure Implementation
CMS - Corrective Measure Study
DDT - primarily 1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)-bis/4-
chlorobenzene
DEC - New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
EC - Environment Canada
EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
HSWA - Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments
MOE - Ontario Ministry of the Environment
NAPL - Non-aqueous phase liquids
NRTMP - Niagara River Toxics Management Plan
OCC - Occidental Chemical Corporation
PCBs - Polychlorinated biphenyls
PRP - Potentially Responsible Party
PVC - Polyvinyl chloride
RCRA - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RFA - RCRA Facility Assessment
RFI - RCRA Facility Investigation
RI/FS - Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study*
RRT - Requisite Remedial Technology*
TCDD - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
TCP - Trichlorophenol
* The RI defines the areal and vertical extent of the hazardous
waste problem at a Superfund site through numerous sampling
wells, an extended environmental sampling program and a full
geophysical survey. Based on the RI, the FS develops and
evaluates alternative solutions to the problem. An RRT is the
equivalent of an FS for a pre-CERCLA agreement.
recycled paper e<;o|ogy Wld <.„,,;*„,„,„,„,
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Occidental Chemical - Buffalo Avenue Plant .(Site |41b-49)
Site program: KC«A tstate ana *eaera.Lj
Summary Prepared By; EPA
Occidental Chemical Corporation's Buffalo Avenue plant is a major
manufacturing facility in central Niagara Falls adjacent to the
Robert Moses Parkway, along the Niagara River.
Starting with seven acres in 1911, the facility has grown to over
100 acres, with hundreds of buildings. During its history, the
facility has manufactured over 250 different chemical products,
including halogenated benzenes, toluenes, phenols, and
aliphatics. Chemical raw materials, products and wastes have
been buried or spilled at numerous locations on the plant site.
Estimates of the amount of waste disposed in the various
production areas include; 4,200 tons in D-Area, 1,500 tons in F-
Area, 11,300 tons in N-Area, and unknown amounts in U-Area.
Testing at the Buffalo Avenue plant site has revealed the
presence of ten NRTMP priority toxics: benz(a)anthracene,
benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, chrysene, mercury, mirex,
PCBs, dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD), DDT and metabolites, and
tetrachloroethylene.
In the past, the Niagara River flowed over part of the southern
property of the site. North of this ancient shoreline, the
stratigraphy consists of poorly sorted fill averaging 13 feet in
depth, which overlies very fine sand or a clay layer of
approximately 16 feet. This overlies a till which in turn
overlies the Lockport Dolomite. South of the ancient shoreline,
the clay is usually absent. The thickness of the very fine sand
and fill is greater where the clay and till is thin or absent.
In the unconsolidated deposits, groundwater flow is to the south,
toward the Niagara River, whereas in the Lockport Dolomite,
ground water moves northwest and is recharged by the river.
However, recent studies (USGS, 1986) indicate that most
groundwater flow in the Lockport Dolomite leaving the site will
enter the Niagara River anyway — via the Power Authority of the
State of New York conduit drainage system or the Falls Street
Tunnel. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate is that 340
I/day of toxics migrate from the site to the Niagara River.
Occidental Chemical Corporation has completed certain interim
corrective measures required under the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA): paving over contaminated soils, installation
of fences, removal of spills from secondary contaminant areas,
and removal of fly ash accumulated on the ground. DEC and EPA
issued Occidental Chemical Corporation a state Part 373 and an
IPA Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments permit under RCRA on
June 30, 1988. The permittee has begun implementation of the
partially approved RCRA Facility Investigation (RFI) for on-site
work.
IOCyclni||t;jpOI ecology und environment
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A schedule for implementation of a corrective action program at
the plant, including Corrective Measure study (CMS) and
Corrective Measure Implementation (CMZ) , follows. Completion of
these outputs is dependent primarily on two factors: (1) the
nature and extent of the contamination found on- and off -site
(and thus the complexity of the remedial measures required) ; and
(2) the best efforts of all parties in the planning and
implementation of the work. The scheduled project milestones
relate to complete on- and off-site investigation and
remediation. However, completion of partial RFI and CMZ work
will be targeted during the program.
Output Responsible Party
RFI workplan approval DEC/EPA
Target Date
RFI completion
CMS workplan approval
CMS completion ,
Remedy selection
CMI workplan approval
CMI completion
Permittee
DEC/EPA
Permittee
DEC/IPA
DEC/EPA
Permittee
Jun Ii9l
(Partial: May 1988)
Dec 1992 2
Jun 1993
Dec 199 3
Apr 1994
Sep 1994
Dec 19 9 6
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent, in part, on field
conditions encountered.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of
previous milestones.
rocyuloci pnpwi
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Niagara County Refuse Disposal (Site |81)
Program, reaerai. auperzuna
Summary Prepared By; EPA
The Niagara County Refuse Disposal site occupies approximately 50
acres, about 1000 feet north of the Niagara River in the Town of
Wheatfield.
During the period of its operation (1968-76), the site was used
for the disposal of sewage sludge, incinerator residue, and
municipal and industrial wastes. More than 100 waste generators
are thought to have used the site. Disposed materials included
thousands of tons of heat-treatment salts, plating-tank sludge,
tetrachloroethylene, PVC skins and emulsion, thiazole polymer
blends, polyvinyl alcohol, phenolic resins and brine sludge
containing mercury. Illegal dumping of rubbish and hard fill, as
well as the erosion of the clay cap, have been problems at the
site in the past.
light NRTMP priority toxics have been detected at this site;
benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene,
chrysene, tetrachloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene, PCBs and
mercury.
The site is underlain by clay with low permeability. Under the
clay is glacial till and below that is bedrock. The low
permeability of the clay suggests that ground water leaves the
site during high water table periods through seeps to the
surrounding ditches which drain to the Niagara River. Overall,
groundwater flow is primarily toward the river, either through
these ditches or through bedrock. The Gradient/Geotrans report's
best estimate of the potential loading of toxics from the site to
the Niagara River is 88 #/day.
Niagara County Refuse Disposal is an EPA-lead site on the
National Priority List of Superfund sites. Pursuant to an April
1989 consent order, the thirteen companies comprising the
Potentially Responsible Parties are required to complete a
Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study of the sits. A schedule
for completion of future outputs for remediation of the site
follows.
-------
Output Responsible Party Target Data
RI/FS 13 PRPs Dec 19911
Record of Decision EPA Mar 19922
Remedial Design 13 PRPs Sep 19923
Remedial Action start 13 PRPs Jan 19933
Remedial Action completion 13 PRPs Aug 19943
1 Firm target date.
8 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS
by PRPs.
3 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
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DuPont NecoQ Park (Site #14)
SiteTtTogram: reaerax ouperiuna
Summary Prepared By: EPA
The Necco Park site, owned by DuPont, is an industrial waste
landfill of approximately 25 acres in Niagara Falls. It is
surrounded on three sides by the CECOS site, approximately 1.5
miles from the Niagara River.
DuPont acquired the site in the 1930s and used the site as a
landfill to dispose of approximately 93,000 tons of industrial
wastes until its closure in 1977. The following chemicals are
known, from disposal records, to have been disposed at the site:
carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, hexachlorobenzene,
hexachlorobutadiene, hexachloroethane, methylene chloride,
tetraehloroethylene and trichloroethylene.
Sampling on site has identified the following eight NRTMP
priority toxics: tetrachloroethylene (in soil/sediment, surface
water and ground water); hexachlorobenzene and mercury (in
soil/sediment and ground water); chrysene (in soil/sediment and
surface water); benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, and
benzo(b)fluoranthene (in soil/sediment), and PCBs and
hexachlorobenzene (in the non-aqueous phase of liquids sampled
from ground water).
Site stratigraphy consists of an overburden of glaciolacustrine
sediments or glacial till (natural sands, silts and clays), much
of which is disturbed or replaced with fill; beneath this is the
Lockport Dolomite and Rochester Shale. Horizontal and vertical
fractures allow groundwater and contaminant flow. Groundwater
flows southwesterly in the overburden, southerly within the
bedding plane fractures in the upper Lockport Dolomite, and
westerly in the lower Lockport Dolomite. Upper bedrock
groundwater flow is affected by two groundwater recovery wells
pumping on site since 1982. Ground water not recovered by the
on-site pumping wells is thought to eventually enter the drainage
system surrounding the Power Authority of the State of New York
conduits or the Falls Street Tunnel before discharge to the
Niagara River. The Gradient/Geotrans report estimated the
loading of toxics from this site together with the CECOS
International site (#78) because of their proximity and the
difficulty in separating the influences of the two sites on
groundwater contaminant levels. The best estimate of the
potential loading of toxics to the Niagara River from the two
sites is 65 i/day.
i
Necco Park is not on the National Priority List. However, DuPont
has conducted off-site groundwater investigations pursuant to a
RCRA 3013 consent decree. Recently, DuPont entered into an
administrative order on consent with EPA to conduct further off-
tooyulncl papal • ecology and environmenl
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site groundwater investigations and to study on-site remediation
of ground water and non-aqueous phase liquids. A schedule for
completion of future outputs for remediation of the site follows.
Output Responsible Party Target Date
1I/FS PRP Oct 19901
Record of Decision EPA Jan 19912
Remedial Design PRP Jan 19923
Remedial Action start PRP Jan 19933
Remedial Action completion PRP Jan 19963
1 Firs target date.
2 Preliminary target date dependent on completion of RI/FS
by PRPs.
3 Preliminary target date subject to change upon issuance of
Record of Decision.
6
tflcyuled papur ecology and environment
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CECOS International (Site # 78}
Site program: KCRA (state ana reaeraij
Summary Prepared By; EPA
CECOS International, Inc. operates a 385-acre commercial
sanitary/industrial waste management facility in the Town of
Niagara and the City of Niagara Falls. The facility is situated
in an industrial and commercial area, bordering residential and
recreational areas, and is about 1.5 miles north of the Niagara
River.
The site has been used for waste disposal for over 80 years and"
now handles hazardous, non-hazardous and PCS wastes. The
facility manages hazardous wastes from all Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) categories identified in Part 261 —
characteristic wastes, specific and non-specific industrial
wastes and commercial chemical product waste. Current hazardous
waste management activities include a wastewater treatment system
(tanks and surface impoundments), container storage, and a
proposed hazardous waste landfill.
Existing groundwater monitoring data for,the site indicate the
presence of phenols and other organic contaminants. Six NRTMP
priority toxics have been identified in soil (benz(a)anthracene,
benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene,
chrysene and tetrachloroethylene) and two in ground water
(chrysene and tetrachloroethylene).
Overburden stratigraphy consists of lacustrine sediments of silty
clay, clayey silt and silty sand. Bedrock at the site is made up
of the Lockport Dolomite, underlain by the Rochester Shale. .
Hydrogeology at the site is very complex; present data indicate
that the ground water in the overburden aquifer flows to the
south. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate of the
potential loading of toxics from the Necco Park/CECOS sites to
the Niagara River is 65 f/day.
The site encompasses approximately 50 Solid Waste Management
Units, including landfills, waste piles and surface impoundments,
requiring various degrees of investigation into the source and
extent of groundwater contamination. An EPA permit and state
Part 373 permit were issued in September 1988", requiring
investigation/remediation of all management units.
A schedule for implementation of a corrective action program at
the site, including Corrective Measure Study (CMS) and Corrective
Measure Implementation (CM!), follows. Completion of these
outputs is dependent primarily on two factors: (1) the nature and
extent of the contamination found on- and off-site, (and thus the
complexity of the remedial measures required); and (2) the best
efforts of all parties in the planning and implementation of the
lOCyclwd papoi ecology and environment
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work. The scheduled project milestones relate to complete on-
and off-site investigation and remediation.. However, completion
of partial RCRA Facility Investigation (RFI) and CMI work will be
targeted during the program.
Output Responsible Party
RFZ Workplan approval DEC/EPA
RFI completion
CMS Workplan approval
CMS completion
Remedy selection
CMI Workplan approval
CMI completion
Permittee
DEC/EPA
Permittee
DEC/EPA
DEC/EPA
Permittee
Target Date
Sep 19891
(approved 8/31/89)
Sep 19912
Apr 19923
Dec 19923
Jun 19933
Dec 19943
Dec 19963
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent, in part, on field
conditions encountered.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of
previous milestones.
8
oyoled ptipoi
ecology and environment
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Hyde Park (Site f39)
5 ice Program: reaeraj. superzuna
Summary Prepared By; EPA
Occidental Chemical Corporation's Hyde Park site is a 15-acre
landfill in northwest Niagara, less than 1/2 mile from the
Niagara River.
From 1953 to 1975, the company (then Hooker Chemicals and
Plastics) deposited approximately 80,000 tons of chemical wastes
at the site. The hazardous materials disposed on site included
3,300 tons of 3,4,5-trichlorophenol (TCP) wastes, which are known
to contain significant amounts of 2,3,7,8-tetraehlorodibenzo-p-
dioxin (TCDD). Approximately 0.7 - 1.6 tons of dioxin are
believed to be associated with the TCP. In 1979, a clay cap and
a shallow leachate collection system were installed.
Chlorinated organic wastes, including hexachloropentadiene
derivatives, chlorendic acid, chlorinated toluenes, benzenes and
phenols, predominate at the site. Five NRTMP priority toxics
have been detected on the site: tetrachloroethylene,
hexachlorobenzene, PCBs, mercury and dioxin.
Site geology is characterized by glacial overburden, composed of
fine clays, silts and sand, overlying a fractured carbonate and
shale bedrock. Groundwater movement is both downward and
horizontal through the fractures and layers of the bedrock.
Contaminants are known to have migrated from the site in both
aqueous and nonagueous phases in the overburden and in the
bedrock. Dioxin from the site has been found in contaminated
ground water seeping to the river from the Niagara River Gorge
face, located 1,600 feet west-northwest of the site. The
Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate is' that 57 #/day of
toxics have the potential to migrate from the site to the Niagara
River.
The site is a joint EPA/DEC-lead Superfund site on the National
Priority List and is governed by a pre-CERCLA settlement
agreement. Since 1982 Occidental Chemical Corporation has been
implementing an agreement in settlement of an EPA lawsuit in
1979. Agreement on a Requisite Remedial Technology was approved
by the Court in 1986. The RRT includes;
o Source control (prototype extraction wells)
o Containment and collection of contaminants in the overburden
(overburden barrier collection system) and the Lockport
bedrock (purge and recirculation wells)
o An Intermediate and Deep Formations Study (monitoring wells)
o A Community Monitoring Program (monitoring wells) for early
detection of plumes
o An Industrial Protection Program for neighboring industries
Ifjuyckx! pcipot ecology and environment
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o Treatment and monitoring of collected leachates:
- Aqueous-phase liquids will be treated on-site;
- Non-aqueous phase liquids will be destroyed by
incineration (pending permit issuance by EPA and DEC)
o Site Capping
o Gorge Face Seep Remediation to isolate seeps from the public
o A TCDD Bioaccumulation Study in lake Ontario
o Bloody Run Creek Excavation or Capping
The following schedule has been approved:
START COMPLETE
INTERMEDIATE FORMATION WELLS 10/88 12/89
(achieved)
LEACHATE STORAGE FACILITY - 5/89
(achieved)
LEACHATE TREATMENT FACILITY - 4/90
LAGOON CLOSURE 7/90
SOURCE CONTROL EXTRACTION WELLS 4/90 6/90
OVERBURDEN BARRIER COLLECTION SYSTEM - 11/90
NAPL PLUME REDEFINITION 4/90 7/90
PROTOTYPE PURGE WELLS 4/90 7/90
RECIRCULATION WELLS 1/91 3/91
CLUSTER MONITORING WELLS , 6/90 9/90
Based on this schedule, contaminants should be prevented from
moving off site by mid-1991. The status of activities included
in the schedule follows.
The Community Monitoring Wells have been installed to provide
early detection of chemical migration. The well data confirm
that the hydraulic gradient near the community is downward,
thereby ensuring that chemical migration toward the community is
not an issue.
The Industrial Protection Program has been implemented. Sumps in
neighboring industries have been sealed, as have some manholes.
Annual inspections are being conducted.
Fences have been installed to obstruct access to the Gorge Face
seeps,* seep water has been diverted into culverts, and pipes.
Contaminated sediments were scraped away. Annual inspections are
being conducted, and repairs made as appropriate.
The TCDD Bioaccumulation Study is nearing completion. Fish and
sediment samples from Lake Ontario were collected and analyzed
for TCDD, and a laboratory study of the uptake"of TCDD by lake
trout was conducted. A study report has been completed and has
10
ecology and environment
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undergone peer review. Peer reviewer comments will be
incorporated in a final report, to be 'completed December 1989.
The extent of the aqueous-phase liquid/non-aqueous-phase liquid
plumes in the overburden were redefined.
i
Construction of the on-site Leachate Storage and Handling
facility has been completed? construction of the Treatment
facility is 80% complete. Aqueous phase liquids will pass
through an inclined plane settler, filters, and sacrificial
carbon pre-treatment to remove dioxins and PCBs. This will be
followed by biological treatment and activated carbon treatment.
All vapors in the closed system will be treated.
11
recycled papof , ecology and envii-oiimenl
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lQ2nd Street (Sites #40, 56, 85 and 94)
Site program: reaerax ouperruna
Summary Prepared By; EPA
The 102nd Street site is located at the eastern edge of the City
of Niagara Falls on the banks of the Niagara River. The site
encompasses 22.1 acres, of which 15.6 acres are owned by
Occidental Chemical Corporation' (formerly Hooker Chemical and
Plastics Corporation), and 6.5 acres are owned by Olin Chemical
Corporation — the Potentially Responsible Parties (PRP).
This landfill was used from 1943 to 1971 for the disposal of up
to 218,000 tons of wastes, including organic and inorganic
phosphates (1,300 tons), hexachlorocyclohexanes (>1,500 tons),
chlorobenzenes (>4,000 tons), and other poorly inventoried
chemical and demolition wastes, and flyash. A bulkhead was
installed along the shoreline to minimize erosion into the river,
and a clay cap was Installed in the 1970s.
light NRTMP priority toxics have been detected at the site:
benz(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, tetrachloroethylene,
hexachlorobenzene, PCBs, mercury, dieldrin and DOT.
Beneath the wastes at this site, a sandy layer lies above a
confining layer of silty clay and glacial till, which overlies
the Lockport Dolomite. Ground water above the confining layer
flows primarily horizontally — west toward Griffon Park, south
toward the Niagara River and east toward a ditch. The
Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate is that 26 #/day of
toxics migrate from the site to the Niagara River.
This National Priority List site has been the subject of state
and federal litigation, is governed by a non-GERCLA settlement
agreement and is a joint EPA/DEC-lead Superfund site. A schedule
for completion of future outputs for remediation of the site
follows.
12
pnpei ecology and environment
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Output Responsible Party ' Target Date
RI/FS PRPs Mar 19901
(Olin i Occidental) k
Record of Decision EPA/DEC Sep 199O1
Remedial Design PRPs Sep 19912
Remedial Action start PRPs Sep 19922
Remedial Action completion PRFs Dec 19942
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
13
recycled paper ecology and environment
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Bell Aerospace Textron (Sits |5)
Site Program: RCKA ^btate ana reaeraa.;
Summary Prepared By;- EPA
The Bell Aerospace Textron plant is located approximately 2.5
miles north of the 'Niagara River, adjacent to the Niagara Falls
International Airport.
Between 1950 and 1980, the company used an unlined 60' x 100'
surface impoundment to collect washwater from rocket engine test
firings, storm run-off, and solvent drippings from cleaning,
degreasing, and anodizing operations. Hazardous waste and
constituents of concern included trichloroethylene and
dichloroethylene. The wastes were discharged to a sanitary sewer
after pH adjustment.
Volatile organics are the primary site contaminants. The
following four NRTMP priority toxics were found on site:
benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene and
benzo(k)fluoranthene.
From top to bottom the site stratigraphy consists of variable
thicknesses of: crushed stone and other fill,* glaciolacustrine
silty clay,* sandy silt, fine sand or coarse sand with gravel;
dense glacial till; and the Lockport Dolomite which lies
approximately 20 feet below the surface. Groundwater
contamination has occurred as a result of leakage into the sandy
layers and exists in the overburden aquifer and the bedrock
aquifers. A dense non-aqueous phase liquid plume is present in
the upper bedrock aquifer. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best
estimate is that 19 I/day is the potential loading of toxics to
the Niagara River from this site.
Bell Aerospace Textron is a RCRA' site with a closed surface
impoundment. EPA approved the company's closure plan to excavate
the impoundment to bedrock and use clay as fill to reduce
infiltration, A RCRA Facility Investigation (RFI) to determine
the extent of contaminant migration is being performed by the
company under a New York State order. A post-closure permit, to
be issued in Fiscal Year 1990, will include corrective action
requirements for groundwater remediation and control of sources
of soil and groundwater contamination.
A schedule for implementation of a corrective action program at
the site, including Corrective Heasure Implementation (CMI),
follows. Completion of these outputs is dependent primarily on
two factors: (1) the nature and extent of contamination found on-
and off-site (and thus the complexity of the remedial measures
required); and (2) the best efforts of all parties involved in
the planning and implementation of the work. The scheduled
project milestones relate to complete on- and off-site
14
lecyclarlpaper ecology and environment
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investigation and remediation. However, completion of partial
RFI and CMI work will be targeted during the program.
Output
RFI Workplan approval
RFZ completion
CMS Workplan approval
CMS completion
Remedy selection
CMI Workplan approval
'CMI completion
Responsible Party
DEC/EPA
Permittee
DIC/IPA
Permittee
DEC/EPA
DEC/EPA
Permittee
Taret
May 19901
Jul 19912
Dec 19 9 13
May 19923
Oct 19923
Apr 19933
Apr 19963
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date', dependent, in part, on field
conditions encountered.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of
previous milestones.
15
recycled paper
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BTL Specialty Resins (Site # 66)
Site Programs RCfiA (State and Federal)
Summary Prepared Byt EPA
BTL Specialty Resins Corporation operates a phenol-formaldehyde
resin manufacturing plant at 5000 Parkard Road, Niagara Falls,
known until April 1986 as the Varcum Chemical Division of
Reichhold Chemicals, Inc.; the plant has recently been acquired
by Occidental Chemical Corporation. The 5-acre site is
approximately 3 miles north of the Niagara River.
The hazardous wastes generated at this site are ignitable and/or
toxic solvent washings from reactor vessels, spilled raw
materials and small amounts of laboratory samples. These wastes
are accumulated, stored, treated and incinerated on-site. The
NRTMP priority toxics existing on site should be identified by
December 1989.
Site overburden is generally composed of lacustrine sediments of
silty clay, clayey silt and silty sand. Bedrock is the Lockport
Dolomite, underlain by the Rochester Shale. Additional
investigation is required to define the site hydrogeology and the
nature and extent of contamination. The Gradient/Geotrans
report's best estimate is that 15 I/day is the potential loading
of toxics to the Niagara River from the site.
As an interim corrective measure, BTL is pumping ground water
contaminated with phenols and other organics (primarily non-
chlorinated solvents) to the Niagara Falls Wastewater Treatment
Plant. IPA and DEC will require BTL to submit interim reports to
assess whether ground water is being remediated adequately, and
to assess the need for modifications, such as modified pumping
rates or the installation of additional wells.
BTL has submitted a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
permit application for storage, treatment and incineration. In
November 1989, DEC and EPA plan to issue BTL a state Part 373
Operating Permit for storage, treatment, and incineration on-
site, and an EPA Hazardous and Solid Waste (HSWA) permit
requiring corrective action: (1) A 30,000-gallon tank will be
replaced with three 12,000-gallon closed-top, carbon-steel
vertical tanks and one 1,800-gallon carbon-steel horizontal tank,
and (2) an incinerator will be modified with a larger burner, an
expanded combustion chamber, a new double-layered refractory, new
combustion air blowers, a microprocessor-based monitoring and
control system, automatic alarm and waste feed cut-off systems,
and new instrumentation and piping. Further corrective action at
this site will be based on additional investigation of site
hydrogeology and the nature and extent of contamination.
16
/
tORycloUpaper ecology and environment
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A schedule for implementation of a corrective action program,
including Corrective Measure Implementation (CMI), follows.
Completion of these outputs is dependent primarily on two
factors: (1) the nature and extent of contamination found on- and
off-site (and thus the complexity of the remedial measures
required); and (2) the best efforts of all parties in the
planning and implementation of the work. The scheduled project
milestones relate to complete on- and off-site investigation and
remediation. However, completion of partial RFI and CMI work
will be targeted during the program.
Qufeput Responsible Party Target Date
RFI Workplan approval DEC/EPA Jul 19901
RFI completion Permittee Sep 19922
CMS Workplan approval DEC/1PA Jun 19933
CMS completion Permittee Dec 19933
Remedy selection EPA/DEC Jun 19943
CMI Workplan approval EPA/DEC Feb 19953
CMI completion ' Permittee Dec 19963
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent, in part, on field
conditions encountered.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of
previous milestones.
17
recycled paper ^o° «"<> cnviromnom
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S-Area (Site #41a)
Site program: reaerax ouperiuna
Summary Prepared By: EPA
The S-Area site is a seven-acre landfill located on Occidental
Chemical Company's Buffalo Avenue, plant in Niagara Falls.
Approximately 200 yards to the south is the Niagara River and
immediately east is the Niagara Falls drinking water treatment
plant.
The site was used primarily from 1947 to 1961 for the disposal of
approximately 63,100 tons of organic and inorganic chemicals.
Disposal of debris ended in 197S. Chemicals deposited at the
site included chlorobenzenes, organic phosphates, acid chlorides,
phenol tars, thionyl chloride, chlorendic acid, trichlorophenol,
benzoyl chloride, liquid and chlorotoluene-based disulfides,
metal chlorides, thiodan, and miscellaneous chlorinated
hydrocarbons.
Testing at S-Area has revealed the presence of ten NRTMP priority
toxics: benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene,
benzo(k)fluoranthene, chrysene, tetrachloroethylene,smirex,
hexachlorobenzene, PCBs, and mercury.
The fill material and overburden at the site are extremely
porous. Together with the site's proximity to the Niagara River,
these factors indicate a high probability of contaminant
migration to the river. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best
estimate is that there is the potential for 14 I/day of toxics to
migrate to the Niagara River from the site.
This National Priority List site is a joint EPA/DEC-lead
Superfund site and is governed by a non-CERCLA settlement
agreement. Remedial investigation for Requisite Remedial
Technology for the site began in December 1986. The st'ate and
federal governments are now negotiating with Occidental Chemical
Company, the Potentially Responsible Party (PRP), to reach
agreement on the Requisite Remedial Technology. Remediation will
include:
o A barrier wall/collection system (containment system) in the
overburden,
o A remediation system in bedrock,
o Incineration of non-aqueous-phase liquids, and
o Treatment of aqueous-phase liquids prior to discharge.
A schedule for completion of future outputs for remediation of
the site follows.
18
recycled paper
s'i'ologj nn<[ environment
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Output Responsible Party Target Date
Record of Decision ^
(or its equivalent) EPA/DEC Mar 19901
Remedial Design PRP Mar 19912
Remedial Action start PRP Jun 199I2
Remedial Action completion PRP Dec 19942
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
19
recycled paper ccolojjj find rnvironnipiil
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gtanffar Chemical Plant - PASNY Site (Site #225)
Site Program: «.x. Division or Hazardous waste Remediation
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The Stauffer Chemical Plant site occupies about 23 acres, located
about 1/4 mile east of the Niagara River in the Town of Lewiston.
The site was used for manufacturing purposes from 1900 to 1976.
Stauffer Chemical occupied the site from 1930 to 1976. Carbon
tetrachloride and various metallic chlorides were produced on
site, while methylene chloride and tetrachloroethylene were
repackaged from bulk shipments. Plant operations terminated in
1976, and the site was razed in 1980. Disposal occurred on the
plant site, as well as in two small landfills on PASNY property
utilized by Stauffer .
Two NRTMP priority toxics have been detected at this site:
tetrachloroethylene and low-level PCBs.
The site is underlain by lacustrine silts and clays and glacial
clayey till over Lockport Dolomite. Ground water is present at
the overburden/bedrock interface and in the bedrock. The
overburden ground water is generally moving south to the PASNY
forebay while bedrock groundwater movement is to the south and
west toward the Niagara Gorge. The Gradient/Geotrans report's
best estimate of the potential total loading of toxics.from the
site to the Niagara River is 12 #/day.
The Stauffer Chemical Plant site is a DEC-lead site. Pursuant to
a Consent Order, Stauffer Chemical has initiated a Remedial '
Investigation/Feasibility Study of the site. A schedule for
completion of future outputs for remediation of this site
follows.
20
i
recycled paper M|l|og> (ir|(i ,wir(mnwm
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Out-out Responsible Party _ - Target Date
RI/FS PRP Sep 19901
Record of Decision • Die Jan 19912
Remedial Design PRP Jan 19923
Remedial Action ' PRP Sep 19933
1 Firm target date.
z Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS
by PRP.
3 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
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Solvent Chemical (Site #251)
Site Program: JN.X. Division ox Hazardous waste «emeaiation
Summary Prepared By; DEC
The Solvent Chemical site occupies approximately 7 acres in the
City of Niagara Falls. The site is located about 1/4 mile north
of the Niagara River.
The Solvent Chemical plant site has been used for manufacturing
operations at various times from 1941 to 1978 by DuPont, Hooker
Chemical and Solvent Chemical. DuPont and Hooker produced
impregnite; Solvent Chemical manufactured chlorinated
hydrocarbons, zinc chloride and ammonium chloride. Chemicals
disposed on site include zinc, benzene and chlorinated benzenes.
NRTMP priority toxics have not been analyzed at the site.
The site is underlain by 10 to 12 feet of fill and alluvium over
Lockport Dolomite. Generally, groundwater flow in the overburden
and bedrock is toward the northeast and appears to be influenced
by the PASNY conduits. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best
estimate of the potential total loading of toxics from the site
to the Niagara River is 9.3 #/day.
The Solvent Chemical site is a DEC/Department of Law-lead site.
A workplan for an RI has been approved, and the PRPs are expected
to sign a stipulation to carry out the RI. A schedule for
completion of future outputs for remediation of the site follows.
Output
RI
FS
ROD
Remedial Design
Remedial Action
Responsible Party
PRPs
PRPs
DEC
PRPs
PRPs
Target Date
Dec 19901
Sep 19912
Dec 19912
Dec 19923
Dec 19953
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS
by PRP.
3
by PRP.
Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS
22
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SKW Allovs - (Site fl)
Site Program: N.I. Division or Hazardous waste
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The SKW Alloys site occupies about 37 acres in the Town of
Niagara. The site is located approximately 1 1/2 miles east of
the Niagara River.
During the period 1920 to 1964, over 700,000 tons of slag and
other refuse were disposed at the site. Since 1964, the site has
been used for the disposal of graphite plant wastes, such as
slurried flue dust, ferro chrome silicon and ferro manganese.
The site is currently operating under a DEC Consent Order for the
disposal of non-hazardous waste.
Of the 15 NRTMP priority toxics, only mercury has been analyzed
for. Although mercury has not been detected at the SKW site,
chromium has been found to be the major contaminant of concern at
the site.
The site is underlain by 11 to 24 feet of overburden consisting
of clay, stratified drift and till. Lockport Dolomite underlies
the overburden. Groundwater flow is generally to the southwest.
The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate of the potential
total loading of toxics from the site to the Niagara River is
8.6 #/day.
The SKW site is a DEC-lead site. A Phase I investigation is
currently underway with completion expected by December 1989. A
Phase IX investigation of the site is planned. In addition,
under the state's regulatory program for non-hazardous waste
landfills (Part 360 program), new wells have been installed to
evaluate groundwater quality in the areas currently receiving
wastes and to provide an improved monitoring system around the
active portions of the facility. A schedule for completion of
future outputs for remediation of the site follows.
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output Responsible Party Target Date
Phase I Investigation DEC Dec 19891
Phase II Investigation DEC Dec 199I1
RI/FS PRP or DEC Dec 19922
ROD DEC Mar 19933
Remedial Design PRP or DEC Dec 19934
Remedial Action PRP or DEC Dec 1995*
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent on the completion of
the Phase II investigation and the determination that an RI/FS is
necessary.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS.
4 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon completion
of ROD.
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01in corporation (Site #58, 59}
Site Program: KL.KA (state ana reqerai;
Summary Prepared By: EPA
The 01in Corporation site, 25 acres located on Buffalo Avenue in
Niagara Falls, is actually two plants on separate but contiguous
sites, partially separated by the property of the E.Z. DuPont
Company. The 01in sites are bordered on the east by Gill Creek
and are about 1/4 mile from the Niagara River.
01in Corporation has used this site for inorganic chemical
production since 1897 and is known to have generated hazardous
waste there since 1981. Wastes handled at this facility include:
ignitable, corrosive-, reactive, and E.P. toxic characteristic
wastes and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)-listed
wastes (brine purification muds and wastewater treatment sludge
from mercury-cell chlorine production). Brine sludge, containing
mercury and possibly polychlorinated bi-phenyl, was used as fill
material in various locations throughout the site.
Chlorinated phenols have been identified and, of the NRTM?
priority toxics, mercury has been found on,site. Data are not
yet available on the other NRTMP priority toxics.
The site consists of soil and gravel at 0-3.5 feet, sandy clay-.at
3.5-5.5 feet and bedrock at 5.5-8 feet. Proximity to the Niagara
River and the shallow overburden indicate a major potential for
contaminant migration. Ground water on site exists in shallow
unconsolidated deposits and in a bedrock aquifer. Shallow
groundwater infiltrates to Gill Creek, which discharges to the
Niagara River. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate is
that there is the potential for 7.1 I/day of toxics to migrate to
the Niagara River from this site.
In 1984, EPA issued Olin Corporation a RCRA permit to operate
these hazardous waste storage and'treatment facilities, but since
it was issued before the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments
(HSWA), it did not incorporate corrective actions, or the 1986
and 1987 closure and tank regulations. EPA issued an order in
September 1989, requiring investigation of releases throughout
the site, and particularly from the brine mud storage area, where
releases have occurred.
A schedule for implementation of a corrective action program,
including Corrective Measure Implementation (CHI), follows.
Completion of these outputs is dependent primarily on two
factors: (1) the' nature and extent of contamination found on- and
off-site (and thus the complexity of the remedial measures
required); and (2) the best efforts of all parties in the
planning and implementation of the work. The scheduled project
milestones relate to complete on- and off-site investigation and
25
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remediation. However, completion of partial RCRA Facility
Investigation (RFI) and CMI work will be targeted during the
program.
Output
RFI Workplan approval
RFI Completion
CMS Workplan approval
CMS completion
Remedy Selection
4
CMI Workplan approval
CMI completion
Responsible Party
DEC/EPA
Permittee
DEC/EPA
Permittee
DEC/EPA
DEC/EPA ,
Permittee
Target Date
Apr 19901
Jun 19922
Dec 19923
Jun 19933
Dec 19933
Jun 19943
Sep 19963
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent, in part, on field
conditions encountered.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of
previous milestones.
\
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puPont Buff alp Avenue Plant - (Site #13-19)
Site program: w.x. Division ox Hazardous waste
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The DuPont Buffalo Avenue Plant site occupies over SO acres in
the City of Niagara Falls. The plant is separated from the '
Niagara River by the Robert Moses Parkway.
Manufacturing operations have been conducted at the site since
1898. Chemicals disposed on site included: carbon
tetrachloride , chloroform, dichloroethylene, methyl ene chloride,
.trichloroethylene , tetrachloroethylene, vinyl chloride, PCBs,
barium, and other organic and inorganic compounds.
Three NRTMP priority toxics have been detected at the site:
tetrachloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene and PCBs.
The DuPont site is underlain by about 5 to 8 feet of overburden
which consists of fill across much of the site and clays across a
portion of the site. The overburden is underlain by Lockport
Dolomite with a thickness of about 160 feet. Groundwater
movement in the overburden is generally south toward the Niagara
River, while bedrock groundwater movement is northwest to
northeast under the influence of the Olin pumping well and the
PASNY conduits. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate of
the total loading of toxics from the site to the Niagara River is
6.6 #/day.
X
The DuPont site is a DEC-lead site. To date, more than 60
studies of subsurface contamination have been completed by DuPont
on the plant site. A Consent Order has been negotiated with
DuFont for the implementation of a groundwater remediation
program. This order will be executed in the, near future. A
schedule for completion of future outputs for remediation of the
site follows.
Output Responsible Party ^&rg&t Date
Record of Decision " DEC Dec 1989 1
Remedial Design PRP Mar 19902
Remedial Action PRP Oct 19912
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
27
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Buffalo Harbor Containment (Site #2S4)
Site program: N.I. Division or Hazardous waste Remediation
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The Buffalo Harbor, Containment site occupies over 50 acres in the
City of Lackawanna. It is surrounded by Lake Erie on 3 sides.
The site has been used since the mid 1970s by the Corps of
Engineers for disposal of dredge spoil from the Buffalo River,
Buffalo Harbor and the Black Rock Canal.
None of the NRTMP toxics have been detected at the Buffalo Harbor
Containment site, although the sampling conducted to date
consists of only three groundwater samples collected by the
United States Geological Survey in 1983 and analyzed for priority
pollutants and non-apriority pollutant peaks.
The site consists of 10 to 20 feet of fill overlying original
lake deposits of silt and clay. Onondaga Limestone underlies the
overburden. Groundwater flow from the fill is expected to be
towards the lake. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate
of the total loading of toxics from the site to the Niagara River
is 6.1 I/day„
The Buffalo Harbor Containment site has not been listed on the
New York State Registry of Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites. No
schedule has been established for further investigation of this
site. The site will be evaluated in the context of three
parallel efforts — the Buffalo River Remedial Action Plan, the
Great Lakes Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments
(ARCS) program, and the Clean Water Act Section 404 program.
28
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Buffalo Color Corporation (Site #120,122)
Sire program: KCKA (btare ana feaerai;
Summary Prepared By: EPA
Buffalo Color Corporation, located on 61 acres adjacent to the
Buffalo River within the city of Buffalo, is a major manufacturer
of indigo dye.
The plant, which was originally built in 1879 by the Schoelkopf
Aniline and Dye Company, merged with two other companies to form
the National Aniline and Chemical Company in 1916, one of five
companies forming Allied Chemical Corporation in 1920. Buffalo
Color Corporation purchased and began operating the dye plant in
1977.
Dyestuffs and/or organic chemicals have been continuously
produced at the facility for 110 years. The dye manufacturing
operations generate approximately 450,000 gpd of process waste
water, a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous
waste due to its corrosivity (pH >12.5). RCRA hazardous
constituents in this waste stream include: aniline, N-
methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, N,N-diethylaniline, cyanide,
methanol, nickel, and chromium. Prior to 1971, these wastes were
discharged directly to the Buffalo River. In 1971, Allied
Chemical diverted the waste, streams to three surface impoundments
for neutralization prior to release to the Buffalo Sewer
Authority, and beginning March 1989, Buffalo Color installed a
new tank neutralization system before discharge to the sewers.
Ground water in the upper aquifer near the surface impoundments
is contaminated with aniline, dimethylaniline, N-ethylaniline,
and cyanide, all of which most likely derive from the surface
impoundments. Other than Area-D (see page 31), the site has not
been tested for NRTMP priority toxics.
The stratigraphy at the site from the upper to lowermost units
is: 2-11 feet of fill, 6-13 feet of silt and fine sand (upper
aquifer), 25-37 feet of silty clay, 5-7 feet of sand and gravel
(lower aquifer), and bedrock of Onondaga Limestone. Groundwater
flow in the upper aquifer is towards-the Buffalo River. The
Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate is that a total of
4.4 #/day of toxics migrate to the Niagara River from this site,
including Area-D.
EPA issued consent orders to Buffalo Color Corporation in 1985
and 1989, requiring groundwater monitoring. A post-closure
permit will be issued to address releases. A RCRA Facility
Assessment (RFA) Preliminary Review and Visual Site Inspection
were completed during 1986 and 1988, respectively. An RFA soil
sampling program for a container storage area (Phase I) will be
implemented this fall. EPA and DEC are evaluating the need to
29
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investigate releases from the extensive sewer system at the site
(Phase II). Further corrective action requirements will be
determined once additional ground water monitoring data have been
received and evaluated.
A schedule for implementation of a corrective action program at
the site, including Corrective Measure Implementation (CHI),
follows. Completion of the outputs listed in the schedule is
dependent primarily on two factors: (1) the nature and extent of
contamination found on- and off-site, (and thus the complexity of
the remedial measures required); and (2) the best efforts of all
parties in the planning and implementation of the work. The
scheduled project milestones relate to complete on- and off-site
investigation and remediation. However, completion of partial
RFI and CHI work will be targeted during the program.
Responsible Party
EPA/DEC
Permittee
EPA/DIG,
EPA/DEC
EPA/DEC
Permittee
EPA/DEC
Permittee
EPA/DEC
EPA/DEC
Permittee
Output
RFA - Phase I
Workplan Approval
RFA - Phase I
Completion
RFA - Phase II
Workplan Approval
RFA - Phase II
Completion
RFI Workplan Approval
RFI Completion
CMS Workplan Approval
CMS Completion
Remedy Selection
CMI Workplan Approval
CMI Completion
1 Firm target date.
1 Preliminary target date, dependent, in part, on field
conditions encountered.
* Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of
previous, milestones.
30
Target _ Date_
Mar 19901
May 1990*
Mar 19901
Aug 19 9 o2
Dec 19903
Sep 1992a
Apr 19923
Nov 19923
May 19933
NOV 19 9 33
NOV 19 9 63
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Colors Area D - (Site 1120-122)
site Program: N.X. Division or Hazardous waste Remediation
Summary Prepared By; DEC
Area D of the Buffalo Color Plant site occupies about 19 acres
adjacent to the Buffalo River in the City of Buffalo. The site
is about 4 miles upstream of the confluence of the Buffalo and
Niagara rivers.
The Buffalo Color site has been used for manufacturing purposes
since 1884. Various acids, dyes and petroleum-based detergents
have been produced on site. Wastes from the production of these
materials have been disposed on the site, including the bank
adjacent to the Buffalo River.
Six NRTMP priority toxics have been detected at this site:
benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene,
benzo(k)fluoranthene, chrysene and mercury.
The site is underlain by overburden consisting of fill, alluvium,
glaciolacustrine deposits and glacial till. The overburden is
underlain by the Onondaga Limestone. The shallow water bearing
zone on the site is in direct hydraulic connection with the
Buffalo River. The major pathways of contaminant migration from
the site to the Buffalo River are the shallow ground water and
erosion of the shoreline. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best
estimate of the total loading of toxics from the Buffalo Color
site, including Area 0, to the Niagara River is 4.4 #/day.
However, a recently completed Remedial Investigation indicates
vthat 6.6 I/day of toxics, including metals, are migrating to the
river from Area D alone.
The Buffalo Color Area D site is a Die-lead site. Pursuant to a
Consent Order, the PRPs (Buffalo Color and Allied Chemical)
conducted a Remedial Investigation which was submitted in April
1989. Additional investigation must be undertaken before the
Feasibility Study can be completed. Non-aqueous phase liquids
found at the site will be removed as an operable unit of the
overall remedial program. A schedule for completion of future
outputs for remediation of the site follows.
31
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output
RI/FS
ROD
Remedial Design
Remedial Action
Responsible Party
RI/FS
DEC
PRPs
PRPs
Target Date
'Sep 19901
Dec 19902
Sep 19913
Sep 19943
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS
by the PRP.
3 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
32
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Bethlehem Steel Corporation (Site #118)
Site program: RCKA ^state ana reaeraij
Summary Prepared Bys EPA
The Bethlehem Steel Corporation site encompasses approximately
2.5 square miles, located on Hamburg Turnpike, Lackavranna.
Buffalo Harbor marks the northern boundary of the site, and Lake
Erie marks its western boundary.
Bethlehem Steel is a major manufacturing plant that has been
involved in the production of structural steel, coke, coke
byproducts and specialty steel products. Processing occurred
primarily on the eastern section of the site; the western section
of the site was created by landfilling 240 acres of lake Erie
with slag from processing. Currently, only specialty steel
production and coking are in operation.
Over 100 Solid Waste Management Units have been identified at the
site. Six surface water bodies on site have been identified as
having received hazardous waste or hazardous constituents from
Bethlehem Steel Corporation. Ground water in the slag fill area
contains benzene, naphthalene; phenolics and several chlorinated
solvents, as well as some metals. No groundwater data are
available as yet from the processing areas. The following seven
NRTMP priority toxics have been identified on site:
benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene,
benzo(k)fluoranthene, chrysene, hexachlorobenzene and mercury.
The eastern section of the site contains glacial till and, as
indicated above, the western section is made of slag fill.
Within the Buffalo-Lackawanna area, all surface and ground waters
ultimately drain into Lake Erie. Site-wide hydrogeology is not
well defined, although in the area immediately surrounding the
three regulated surface impoundments, ground water flows west
towards Lake Erie. Transecting the site are trenches, which
drain waste streams from the process area into Smoke and Blasdell
Creeks. The Ship (or Lackawanna) Canal drains northward into
Buffalo Harbor. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate is
that 3 I/day of toxics migrate to the Niagara River from the
site.
A schedule for implementation of a corrective action program at
the site, including Corrective Measure Implementation, follows.
Completion of the outputs listed in the schedule is dependent
primarily on two factors: (1) the nature and extent of
contamination found on- and off-site (and thus the complexity of
remedial measures required),* and (2) the cooperation of the
facility in complying with !PA requirements for planning and
implementation of the work. The scheduled project milestones
relate to complete on- and off-site investigation and
33
recycled paper CTologjr «m| <-nvimmuem
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remediation. However, completion of partial RFI and CMI work
will be targeted during the program. •
Qutput
RFI Workplan approval
RFI completion
CMS Workplan approval
CMS completion
Remedy selection
CMI Workplan approval
CMI completion
Responsible Party
DEC/EPA
Permittee
DEC/EPA
Permittee
DEC/EPA
DEC/EPA
Permittee
.Target Data
Jan 1990
May 19922
Nov 19923
Jun 1993s
Oct 19943
Apr 19953
Nov 1996s
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent, in part, on field
conditions encountered.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on ^completion of
previous milestones.
34
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••nvironnu'iit
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piver Road fINS Equipment^ - (Site #136)
Site Program: «.x. Division or Hazardous waste Remediation
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The River Road site occupies approximately 30 acres in the Town
of Tonawanda. The site is adjacent to the Niagara River.
•x
The River Road site was utilized for waste disposal from the
early 1920s through the late 1970s. Wastes generated by steel
'and coke industries were disposed on site. These wastes consist
of foundry sand, coke sludges, oils, solvents and slags.
Four NRTMP toxics have been detected at the site:
benz(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene and
chrysene.
The River Road site is underlain by 15 to 20 feet of fill over
glaciolacustrine deposits and till. The overburden is underlain
by Onondaga Limestone. Two aquifers have been identified on
site, both flowing in a westerly direction towards the Niagara
River. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate of the total
loading of toxics from the site to the Niagara River is
2.7 #/day.
The River Road site is a DEC-lead site. Negotiations are
underway with the PRPs (no less than six industrial companies)
for an RI/FS. If these negotiations are unsuccessful, the RI/FS
will be conducted by DIG and the State Superfund program. A
schedule for completion of future outputs for remediation of the
site follows.
35
recycled papsr rralnfC) ni«l environment
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Resonsbe Part Target Data
RI/FS ' PRPs or DEC Jun 19911
ROD DEC Sep 19912
Remedial Design PRPs or DEC Sap 19923
Remedial Action PRPs or DEC Jun 19953
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent upon completion of
RI/FS by the PRP.
3 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
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frontier Chemical - Pendleton (Site #67)
Site program: w.x. Division ox Hazardous waste Kemeaiation
Summary Prepared By: DIG
The Frontier Chemical site in the Town of Pendleton occupies
about 70 acres adjacent to Bull Creek, approximately 4 1/4 miles
inland from the Niagara River.
About 7.5 acres of the site were used for treatment and disposal
of hazardous waste. From about 1958 to 1974, Frontier Chemical
used the site for processing, storage and burial of industrial
and hazardous wastes. Unknown volumes of solvents, oils, acids,
dyes, paint wastes, heavy metal sludges and other wastes were
handled on the site. An on-site lake was used for disposal of
metal salt sludges from the neutralization of plating wastes and
pickling liquors.
Three NRTMP priority toxics have been detected at the site:
PCBs, mercury and tetrachloroethylene.
The site consists of various amounts of fill underlain by
glaciolaeustrine silty clay to a depth 20 to 30 feet below the
surface. The silty clay is underlain by glacial till and then
bedrock, which is believed to be the Camillas Shale. Shallow
ground water on the site is generally flowing toward the on-site
lake. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate of the total
loading of toxics from the site to the Niagara River is
2.6 I/day.
The Frontier Chemical site in Pendleton is a DEC-lead site.
Although the PRP has previously undertaken limited investigations
of the site, DIG is currently proceeding to undertake an 1I/FS of
the site using State Hazardous Waste Remediation Program funds.
A schedule for completion of future outputs for remediation of
the site follows.
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Outputs Responsible Party " Target Date
RI/FS DEC Dec 1§911
ROD DEC Mar 19921
Remedial Design DEC or PRPs Mar 19933
Remedial Action DEC or PRPs Dec 19943
1 Firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS
by PRP.
3 Preliminary target date, subject1 to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
» 38
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Occidental Chemical Corporation -Durez (Site #24-37)
program: N.I. Division or Hazardous waste Kemeaiarion
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The Occidental Chemical Corporation Durez site occupies about 65
acres in the City of North Tonawanda. The site is located about
1 1/4 miles east of the Niagara River.
The Durez plant has been in operation since 1926, producing
various plastic formulations. Chemicals disposed on site
include: chlorinated benzenes, phenol, chlorinated phenols,
chlorotoluene and other organic compounds.
Two NRTMP priority toxics have been detected at this site:
hexachlorobenzene and 2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin).
The site is underlain by overburden consisting of fill overlying
glaciolacustrine silt and clay units. The overburden is
underlain by Camillus Shale. The silt and clay units have
prevented contaminant migration to the bedrock. However,
substantial migration has occurred from the plant site through
utility beddings and surrounding city sewers. The
Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate of potential loading of
toxics from the site to the Niagara River is 2 i/day.
The Durez site is a DEC-lead site. Remedial activities are being
conducted under a consent order. A groundwater interceptor
trench will be constructed around the entire plant to collect
contaminated groundwater for treatment in an on-site carbon
treatment system. Off-site contaminants in sewers will be
removed and treated. Remediation of the Pettit Flume outlet
cove, a major source of contaminated water and sediment, will be
addressed under a future consent order. A schedule for
completion of future outputs for remediation of the site follows;
Output Responsible Party Target Date
Remedial Construction PRP Jun 19911
1 Firm target date.
39
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small Boat.harbor Containment (Site #253)
program: rt.x. Division or Hazardous waste
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The Small Boat Harbor site occupies about 23 acres in the City of
Buffalo and borders the Buffalo Outer Harbor on three sides.
From the late 1960s to the late 1970's, the Corps of Engineers
used the Small Boat Harbor Containment site for disposal of
dredge spoils from the Buffalo River, Buffalo Harbor and Black
Rock Canal.
Five NRTMP toxics have been detected at this site: PCBs,
mercury, benz(a)anthracene, DDT and metabolites, and dieldrin.
The site consists of 14 to 21 feet of fill overlying original
lake deposits of sand silts and silty sands. The overburden is
underlain by the Onondaga Limestone. Ground water lies 2 to 10
feet below the surface and flows outward to the harbor. The
Gradient Geotrans/report's best estimate of total loading of
toxics from the site to the Niagara River is 1.8 #/day.
The Small Boat Harbor is a DEC-lead site. The current owner, the
Niagara Falls Transportation Authority, has completed a Phase II
equivalent investigation of the site, and the Corps of Engineers
has conducted evaluations of contaminant migration from the site.
These studies are being evaluated to determine the need for
further investigation of the site. A schedule for completion of
future outputs for remediation of the site follows.
40
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Quttaut Responsible Party
Evaluation of Phase II
and Corps' investigations DIG Apr 1990
RI/FS PRP or DEC Dec 19912
ROD DEC Mar 19923
Remedial Design PRP or DEC Dec 199 3 4
Remedial Action PRP or DEC Dec 199 54
1 Firs target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent on evaluation of past
studies and determination that an RI/FS is necessary.
3 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS,
4 Preliminary target date, subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
41
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k Riverside Park (Site #68)
Program: .N.I. LJI vis ion 01 nazaraous waste
Summary Prepared By; DIG
The Gratwick Riverside Park site occupies about 53 acres in the
City of North Tonawanda and borders the Niagara River.
Prior to 1960, the site was used for the disposal of
metallurgical slag. During the period 1960 to 1968, the site was
operated as a landfill accepting municipal and industrial wastes.
It is known that phenolic wastes from Occidental Chemical - Durez
were disposed at the Gratwick Park site.
Eight NRTMP Toxics have been detected at this site:
benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene,
chrysene, tetrachloroethylene, PCBs, DDT and metabolites, and
mercury.
The Gratwick Park site contains about 10-20 feet of fill
underlain by a discontinuous glaciolacustrine unit above glacial
till. The Camillus Shale underlies the overburden. The fill is
in direct hydraulic connection with the Niagara River. The
Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate of the total loading of
toxics from the site to the Niagara River is 1.3 #/day.
Gratwick Riverside Park is a DEC-lead site. DEC is currently
conducting an Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study of the
site. A schedule for completion of future outputs for
remediation of the site follows.
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/
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Outputs.
RI/FS
ROD
Remedial Design
Remedial Action
Responsible Party.
DEC
DIG
PRPs or DIC
/
PRPs or DEC
Target Date
V
Mar 1990
1
Jun 199(r
Get 19913
Apr 19943
1 firm target date.
2 Preliminary target date, dependent on completion of RI/FS
by PRP.
3 Preliminary target date, -subject to change upon issuance
of Record of Decision.
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environment
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Mobil oil - (Site 1141)
Site Program: N.X. Division or Hazardous waste Remediation
Summary Prepared By: DEC
The Mobil Oil site occupies about 3 acres in the City 'of Buffalo.
The site is located adjacent to the Buffalo liver, about
5 1/2 miles upstream of the confluence of the Buffalo and Niagara
rivers.
Mobil purchased the site from the City of Buffalo in 1951 and
used it until 1976 for the disposal of unknown quantities of
tetraethyl lead sludge, lubricating sludges, spent catalysts, and
other wastes. Municipal solid wastes were also disposed at the
site.
Six NRTMP toxics have been detected at this site;
benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a}pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene,
benzo(k)fluoranthene, chrysene, and mercury.
The site consists of varying amounts of fill underlain by a sand
and gravel unit above a- clay layer. The clay layer is underlain
by glacial till overlying the Onondaga Limestone. Groundwater
flow across the site is generally to the south with discharge to
the Buffalo River. The Gradient/Geotrans report's best estimate
of the total loading of toxics from the site to the Niagara River
is 1.3 #/day."
/
Mobil Oil is a DEC-lead site. A Phase II investigation of the
site was conducted by the PRP in 1986. This study and subsequent
groundwater sampling did not reveal any significant environmental
threat from the site. As a result, further action has been
deferred. The site is on a three-year groundwater monitoring
schedule, with the next sampling to occur in 1991; based on the
results of sample^analysis, a cleanup schedule will be developed,
as appropriate.
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