-------
Table 1
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable
Concentrations for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gross Alpha
| Gross Beta
Tritium
It Plutonium-238,239/240
| Uranium-234,235,238
Radium-226
Strontium-90
|| Iodine- 131
Cesium- 137
|| Barium- 140
Potassium
Potassium-40
Media
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Reporting
Units
pCi/L
pCi/m3
pCi/L
nCi/m2
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/L
0.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/L
0.01 nCi/m2
Minimum
Detectable
Concentrations
2 pCi/L
0.0015 pCi/m3
2 pCi/L
0.005 nCi/m2
(specific radiochemical analyses)
Water
Milk
Air
Water
Air
Water
Water
Milk
Water
Milk (gamma)
Water (gamma)
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
nCi/L
nCi/L
aCi/m3
pCi/L
aCi/m3
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
g/L
g/L
pCi/L
0.1 nCi/L
0.1 nCi/L
0.1 aCi/m3
0.001 pCi/L
0.1 aCi/m3
0.001 pCi/L
0.1 pCi/L
0.1 pCi/L
0.1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
0.1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
0.1 g/L
0.1 g/L
1 pCi/L
0.15 nCi/L
0.15 nCi/L
1.5 aCi/m3
0.1 pCi/L
1.5 aCi/m3
0.1 pCi/L
0.02 pCi/L
2 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
4 pCi/L
4 pCi/L
0.3 pCi/L
5 pCi/L
5 pCi/L
15 pCi/L
15 pCi/L
0.06 g/L
0.06 g/L
50 pCi/L
| The MDC for precipitation is based on the assumption of 1 cm of precipitation.
|| The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 60,000 m . Measurement by alpha spectrometry includes
combined activities of plutonium-239 and plutonium-240, since the relative contributions of these two isotopes cannot be
determined.
Q
£ The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 60,000m .
££ Activity as of the day of counting.
XI
-------
1. Air Program
Airborne Participates and Precipitation
Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific analyses are performed on
air participates and precipitation samples as indicator measurements in assessing the general
(national) impact of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.
Airborne particulates are collected continuously at field stations representing wide ge-
ographic coverage, including present and potential sources of environmental radioactivity.
Sampling sites are located throughout the United States.
Filters (10-cm diameter synthetic fiber) from air samplers are changed twice weekly and
field measurements are made with a G-M survey meter at 5 hours after collection to allow
for the decay of natural radon isotopes and their progeny. Field estimates are reported to
appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending on the activity levels found.
The filters are sent to NAREL for more sensitive analyses in a low background beta
counter. Gamma scans are performed on all filters showing gross beta counts greater than
IpCi/m3. The laboratory obtained values are usually lower than the field estimates due to
the decay of naturally occurring radionuclides between the times of the two measurements.
Precipitation samples are collected at many field stations collecting air filters. These
samples are also sent to NAREL where they are composited monthly for gamma scans,
tritium, and gross beta activity measurements. A composite of the March, April, and May
precipitation samples is analyzed for plutonium-238 and -239/240, and for uranium-234,
-235, and -238.
A compilation of individual measurements is available from the National Air and Radi-
ation Environmental Laboratory, 540 South Morris Avenue, Montgomery, AL 36115-2601.
Tables 2-4 contain the data from airborne particulate samples for October-December
1995. Tables 5-7 contain the data from precipitation samples for October-December 1995.
Table 8 contains the data from tritium in precipitation samples for October-December 1995
at the selected sites.
-------
Table 2
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
October 1995
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AK : Juneau
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO : Denver
CT: Hart ford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI: Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS : Topeka
ME: Augusta
MI : Lansing
MN : Minneapolis
MN: Welch
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NY : Albany
NY: Niagara Falls
NY : Yaphank
OH: Columbus
OH:Painesville
OH: Ross
Number
of
Samples
8
1
9
8
5
9
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
7
9
8
4
9
9
9
9
5
2
9
6
5
8
9
9
3
9
4
9
9
3
9
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.0 0.1
0.7 0.1 0.4
0.9 0.3 0.6
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.3 0.0 0.2
0.9 0.2 0.5
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
1.0 0.2 0.5
1.2 0.3 0.6
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.1 0.0 0.4
0.8 0.3 0.5
2.7 0.6 1.3
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.1 0.3
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.0 0.0 0.6
0.3 0.1 0.2
1.9 0.1 0.6
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.5 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.08 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.03 0.02 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
-------
Table 2 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
October 1995
Location
OH: Toledo
PA : Harr i sburg
PA: Pittsburgh
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SD: Pierre
TN:Knoxville
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
TX:E1 Paso
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:01ympia
WA : Spokane
WI: Madison
Number
of
Samples
9
9
9
2
8
6
3
9
9
9
9
9
1
9
9
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.4 0.0 0.2
1.0 0.1 0.4
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.4 0.2 0.3
0.9 0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1 0.1
1.1 0.5 0.8
0.4 0.0 0.2
1.6 0.3 0.7
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.4 0.1 0.2
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
Minimum Detectable Concentration for field estimates - 0.1 pCi/m"
-------
Table 3
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
November 1995
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO : Denver
CT: Hart ford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI: Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS : Topeka
ME: Augusta
MI : Lansing
MN : Minneapolis
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NY : Albany
NY: Niagara Falls
NY : Yaphank
OH: Columbus
OH:Painesville
OH: Ross
OH: Toledo
OR: Portland
Number
of
Samples
5
8
8
4
7
7
6
8
8
4
9
6
7
7
8
4
7
8
5
9
4
7
7
4
5
7
8
4
8
4
7
8
5
8
7
9
3
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.7 0.1 0.3
1.3 0.4 0.9
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.9 0.1 0.6
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.8 0.1 0.4
1.0 0.1 0.3
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.1 0.2
0.4 0.0 0.3
2.2 0.6 1.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.2 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.5 0.0 0.3
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.8 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.3 0.1 0.1
0.8 0.0 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.0 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.05 0.01 0.03
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.03
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.02 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.00 0.00 0.00
-------
Table 3 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
November 1995
Location
PA : Harr i sburg
PA: Pittsburgh
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SD: Pierre
TN:Knoxville
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
TX:E1 Paso
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:01ympia
WA : Spokane
WI: Madison
Number
of
Samples
9
8
2
6
6
3
8
8
7
9
8
2
6
9
8
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.1 0.1
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.2 0.2
0.2 0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1 0.1
1.4 0.4 1.0
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.8 0.3 0.5
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.4 0.1 0.2
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.00 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
Minimum Detectable Concentration for field estimates - 0.1 pCi/m"
-------
Table 4
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
December 1995
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO : Denver
CT: Hart ford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI: Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IN : Indianapolis
KS : Topeka
ME: Augusta
MI : Lansing
MN : Minneapolis
MN: Welch
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NY : Albany
NY: Niagara Falls
NY : Yaphank
OH: Columbus
OH:Painesville
OH: Ross
OH: Toledo
OR: Portland
Number
of
Samples
4
5
7
4
9
9
8
7
9
4
7
8
6
9
7
9
6
9
8
4
7
8
7
4
5
9
8
3
4
3
9
8
4
6
9
8
4
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1 0.2
2.1 0.0 0.9
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.6 0.1 0.3
2.3 0.2 0.8
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1 0.2
0.5 0.0 0.2
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.9 0.1 0.4
2.2 0.4 1.0
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.3 0.0 0.1
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.04 0.02 0.03
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.03
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.07 0.00 0.02
0.03 0.00 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.02 0.02
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.02 0.03
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.03
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.00 0.01
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
December 1995
Location
PA : Harr i sburg
PA: Pittsburgh
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SD: Pierre
TN:Knoxville
TX: Austin
TX:E1 Paso
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA: Olympia
WA : Spokane
WI: Madison
Number
of
Samples
8
9
2
8
8
3
7
8
6
6
1
9
8
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.4 0.1 0.2
1.7 0.3 1.2
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.6 0.2 0.4
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.3 0.0 0.2
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.05 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.06 0.01 0.03
0.06 0.00 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.02 0.02
0.03 0.00 0.01
0.06 0.00 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
Minimum Detectable Concentration for field estimates - 0.1 pCi/m"
-------
Table 5
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
October 1995
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CO : Denver
CT: Hart ford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL : Miami
HI: Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID: Idaho Falls
IL: Chicago
ME: Augusta
MI : Lansing
MN : Minneapolis
MN: Welch
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NE: Lincoln
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NY : Albany
NY : Yaphank
OH : Painesville
OH: Toledo
PA:Harrisburg
SC : Barnwell
SC: Columbia
TN : Knoxville
TN: Nashville
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
WA:01ympia
WI : Madison
Depth
(mm)
21.4
115.0
103.0
28.0
57.2
156.0
196.0
212.4
235.4
26.0
34.4
4.6
89.2
132.0
71.4
131.0
37.8
42.0
111.2
50.8
16.6
8.0
201.2
146.8
122.8
32.0
87.6
74.0
117.4
34.6
83.8
112.4
75.0
28.2
30.0
171.2
75.6
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2a
0.01 0.01
0.11 0.04
0.12 0.03
0.01 0.01
0.11 0.02
0.06 0.04
0.08 0.05
0.11 0.06
0.15 0.07
0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01
0.04 0.00
0.06 0.03
0.15 0.04
0.07 0.02
0.16 0.04
0.14 0.02
0.03 0.01
0.13 0.03
0.02 0.01
0.04 0.01
0.00 0.00
0.16 0.05
0.12 0.04
0.04 0.03
0.04 0.01
0.12 0.03
0.24 0.03
0.07 0.03
0.11 0.02
0.07 0.02
0.10 0.04
0.12 0.03
0.13 0.02
0.16 0.02
0.11 0.04
0.09 0.02
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2<7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
214Bi: 8.2±6.8
214Bi: 16.0±7.3
214Pb: 7.3±6.9
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
7Be: 26.0±19.4
7Be: 43.7±26.6
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
-------
Table 6
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
November 1995
Location
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CT: Hart ford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL : Miami
HI: Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL: Chicago
MI : Lansing
MN : Minneapolis
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC : Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NY : Albany
NY : Yaphank
OH : Painesville
OH: Toledo
PA : Harrisburg
SC : Barnwell
SC: Columbia
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
WA:01ympia
WI : Madison
Depth
(mm)
88.2
39.0
42.0
60.0
90.0
39.8
89.8
22.0
42.4
28.0
17.0
48.4
10.6
11.0
84.0
139.0
60.6
17.2
63.8
0.0
83.4
40.0
125.4
68.0
124.6
84.0
60.4
109.2
100.0
13.8
115.0
204.4
68.6
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2a
0.07 0.02
0.07 0.01
0.02 0.01
0.08 0.02
0.30 0.04
0.03 0.01
0.16 0.03
0.06 0.01
0.08 0.02
0.02 0.01
0.04 0.01
0.09 0.02
0.01 0.00
0.01 0.00
0.02 0.02
0.11 0.04
0.06 0.02
0.01 0.00
0.09 0.02
0.00 0.00
0.46 0.05
0.07 0.01
0.33 0.05
0.37 0.04
0.20 0.04
0.09 0.03
0.05 0.02
0.08 0.03
0.12 0.03
0.03 0.01
0.45 0.05
0.10 0.05
0.11 0.02
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2<7
40K: 81.8±39.6
ND
ND
7Be: 61.1±29.2
7Be: 98.7±42.3
214Bi: 7.1±5.9
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
214Bi: 9.5±6.8
ND
ND
ND
ND
7Be: 60.8±41.8
7Be: 55.6±43.4
7Be: 69.5±47.1
7Be: 47.1±42.1
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
-------
Table 7
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
December 1995
Location
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
CA: Berkeley
CT: Hart ford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL : Miami
HI: Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID: Boise
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC : Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NJ: Trenton
NY : Albany
NY : Yaphank
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
OR: Portland
PA : Harrisburg
SC : Barnwell
SC: Columbia
TN : Knoxville
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
WA:01ympia
WI : Madison
Depth
(mm)
67.0
33.0
141.4
40.0
66.0
67.4
14.0
33.0
5.6
42.0
84.0
30.0
11.0
9.2
38.0
33.0
17.0
21.0
15.2
47.2
70.4
84.0
54.2
41.0
5.8
50.6
209.8
46.4
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2a
0.03 0.02
0.03 0.01
0.02 0.04
0.13 0.02
0.13 0.02
0.05 0.02
0.04 0.01
0.05 0.01
0.01 0.00
0.03 0.01
0.05 0.02
0.07 0.01
0.03 0.00
0.05 0.01
0.07 0.01
0.09 0.01
0.03 0.01
0.12 0.01
0.04 0.01
0.05 0.02
0.24 0.03
0.10 0.03
0.10 0.02
0.04 0.01
0.01 0.00
0.24 0.03
0.13 0.07
0.17 0.02
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2<7
ND
ND
212Bi: 30.7±29.1
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
208T1: 2.5±2.2
7Be: 100±53
ND
ND
ND
ND
7Be: 158±52
ND
ND
ND
7Be: 179±46
7Be: 129±46
224Ra: 56.8±42.7
212Pb: 6.9±4.6
7Be: 37.4±34.5
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
10
-------
Table 8
Tritium in Precipitation
October December 1995
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ: Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CO : Denver
CT: Hartford
DE: Wilmington
FL: Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI : Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID:Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL: Chicago
ME: Augusta
MI : Lansing
MN : Minneapolis
MN: Welch
MS: Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NE: Lincoln
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NY: Albany
NY:Yaphank
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
OR: Portia Nd
PA:Harrisburg
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
TN:Knoxville
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
WA:01ympia
WI: Madison
October 1995
nCi/L ±2a
0.1 0.1
ND
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.4 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
November 1995
nCi/L ±2a
NS
ND
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
December 1995
nCi/L ±2a
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
ND
NS
0.0 0.1
0.3 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
NS
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
NS
NS
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
11
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are determined by the analysis
of semiannually composited samples (air filters) collected from the continuously operating
airborne particulate samplers.
Concentrations of the specific isotopes of plutonium-238 and -239/240 and uranium-234,
-235, and -238 are determined by alpha spectroscopy following chemical separation. The
volume of air represented by the semiannual composite ranges from 60,000 to 250,000 cubic
meters.
Plutonium and uranium results are published when they become available.
Table 9 contains the plutonium and uranium results for the period July-December 1995.
12
-------
Table 9
Plutonium and Uranium In Airborne Particulates
July-December 1995 Composites
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AK : Juneau
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ: Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO : Denver
CT: Hartford
DE : Wilmington
FL: Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI : Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID:Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL: Chicago
IN: Indianapolis
KS : Topeka
KY: Frankfort
ME: Augusta
MI : Lansing
MN : Minneapolis
MN: Welch
MS: Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NY: Albany
NY: Niagara Falls
NY:Yaphank
OH: Columbus
OH:Painesville
238pu
aCi/m3 ±2<7
0.7 0.5
0.1 0.2
ND
ND
0.7 2.3
ND
0.7 0.8
ND
ND
0.5 0.6
0.1 0.3
ND
0.2 0.4
0.9 1.0
0.4 0.5
0.3 0.4
ND
0.3 0.5
0.7 0.7
0.5 1.5
0.2 0.3
ND
0.3 0.6
ND
0.2 0.3
ND
0.1 0.3
0.2 0.3
ND
0.1 0.3
ND
ND
0.2 0.2
ND
ND
0.3 0.4
0.1 0.4
239/240pu
aCi/m3 ±2a
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.3
0.3 0.7
ND
0.9 0.8
0.4 0.5
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
ND
0.1 0.2
1.1 0.8
0.5 0.4
0.3 0.3
0.2 0.4
ND
1.4 0.7
0.4 0.8
ND
ND
ND
0.5 0.5
0.2 0.2
ND
ND
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.6
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
ND
0.5 0.3
ND
234U
aCi/m3 ±2a
14.5 2.4
3.4 0.9
13.0 2.1
40.0 5.3
53.5 8.2
10.6 1.9
35.7 4.5
26.7 3.6
6.3 1.0
18.5 3.1
9.7 1.2
9.7 1.1
6.0 1.3
17.0 3.2
30.2 4.0
22.9 3.0
18.9 2.8
24.7 3.6
23.4 3.7
15.1 4.0
9.3 1.3
12.4 1.7
12.9 2.3
19.4 3.6
13.3 2.1
17.5 2.5
7.9 1.1
15.3 2.1
7.6 1.1
5.7 0.9
15.7 2.2
115 12
12.6 2.1
34 . 7 3.4
6.4 0.9
10.9 1.6
14.1 1.7
235U
aCi/m3 ±2a
0.1 0.4
0.4 0.3
1.6 0.8
3.0 1.4
4.5 2.4
1.2 0.7
3.4 1.3
2.7 1.1
0.5 0.3
1.3 0.9
0.6 0.3
0.5 0.2
0.6 0.5
2.0 1.1
1.4 0.9
1.5 0.8
1.8 0.9
1.9 1.0
1.2 0.9
1.0 1.3
0.7 0.4
0.8 0.4
1.8 0.9
1.2 1.0
1.1 0.6
1.3 0.7
0.5 0.3
0.6 0.4
0.6 0.3
0.4 0.2
1.3 0.6
9.5 3.2
0.6 0.5
3.7 1.1
0.7 0.3
0.6 0.4
1.2 0.5
238u
aCi/m3 ±2a
10.9 2.1
3.0 0.8
16.4 2.4
36.1 5.0
52.4 8.1
10.7 1.9
33.1 4.3
31.1 3.9
6.1 1.0
18.9 3.2
9.3 1.1
8.8 1.0
3.4 1.0
18.3 3.3
25.4 3.6
22.3 2.9
21.8 3.1
27.0 3.8
21.0 3.4
15.4 4.1
8.8 1.3
9.6 1.5
11.6 2.1
17.5 3.3
11.2 1.9
17.6 2.5
7.1 1.0
16.1 2.2
6.8 1.0
6.1 0.9
17.0 2.3
78.8 9.7
14.2 2.2
37.7 3.6
6.9 0.9
9.5 1.4
12.9 1.6
13
-------
Table 9 (continued)
Plutonium and Uranium In Airborne Particulates
July-December 1995 Composites
Location
OH:Ross
OH: Toledo
OR: Portland
PA:Harrisburg
PA: Pittsburgh
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SD: Pierre
TN:Knoxville
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
TX:E1 Paso
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:01ympia
WA : Spokane
WI: Madison
238pu
aCi/m3 ±2a
ND
0.1 0.3
0.3 0.3
0.3 0.3
ND
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.3
0.2 0.4
0.1 0.7
0.1 0.5
0.1 0.2
0.9 1.1
1.6 1.3
0.1 0.1
0.3 0.4
0.3 0.2
0.4 0.4
ND
239/240pu
aCi/m3 ±2a
0.1 0.6
0.8 0.6
0.2 0.2
ND
ND
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.4
ND
0.2 0.2
ND
0.9 0.8
0.1 0.1
ND
0.1 0.1
0.3 0.3
ND
234U
aCi/m3 ±2a
46.9 8.4
22.9 3.1
11.6 2.2
9.8 1.2
21.0 2.7
9.8 1.2
19.4 1.9
13.4 2.2
17.9 2.5
16.7 2.4
12.7 2.4
56.0 8.0
39.9 5.6
96.2 5.1
15.0 1.6
4.4 0.8
21.6 3.0
12.4 1.8
235U
aCi/m3 ±2a
3.9 2.6
1.6 0.8
1.8 0.9
0.8 0.3
1.7 0.8
0.8 0.4
0.9 0.4
1.0 0.6
1.5 0.7
2.6 1.0
1.8 0.9
4.2 2.2
2.4 1.3
3.6 0.7
1.3 0.5
0.4 0.3
1.2 0.7
0.8 0.5
238U
aCi/m3 ±2a
46.6 8.3
20.3 2.9
8.8 1.9
8.7 1.1
21.9 2.7
11.3 1.4
18.3 1.8
14.0 2.2
16.6 2.4
17.0 2.5
10.7 2.1
48.6 7.3
35.1 5.2
8.4 1.0
13.2 1.5
3.4 0.7
16.4 2.6
12.5 1.8
Note: a = Counting Error. NA = No Analysis. ND = Not Detectable.
14
-------
2. Water Program
The ERAMS water program provides data on ambient radiation levels in the nation's
rivers, streams, and drinking water supplies.
Surface Water
Quarterly grab samples are taken downstream from operating or future nuclear facilities
at 58 stations. Surface water samples are analyzed for tritium quarterly and specific gamma
activity annually. Tritium is a primary potential radioactive pollutant from nuclear power
plants and weapons production activities. Tritium concentrations are determined by liquid
scintillation counting of distilled samples. Gamma scans are performed annually to determine
levels of gamma emitting radionuclides.
Table 10 contains the tritium concentration data for October-December 1995. Table 11
contains the surface water annual gamma results for January-December 1995.
15
-------
Table 10
Tritium in Surface Water
October December 1995
Location
AL:Decatur
AL: Scottsboro
AR: Little Rock
CA:Clay Station
CA: Diablo Canyon
CA : Eureka
CA:San Onofre
CO:Platteville
CT:East Haddam
CT:Waterford
FL: Crystal River
FL:Ft. Pierce
FL: Home stead
GA:Baxley
ID : Buhl
IL:Moline
IL:Zion
KS:Le Roy
LA: New Orleans
MA : Plymouth
MD : Conowingo
MD : Lusby
ME:Wiscasset
MI : Bridgman
MI : Charlevoix
MI : Monroe
MI: South Haven
MN:Monticello
MN:Red Wing
MS: Port Gibson
NC: Charlotte
NC : Southport
NE : Rulo
NJ:Bayside
NJ: Oyster Creek
NV: Boulder City
NY: Chelsea
Source
Tennessee River
Tennessee River
Arkansas River
Folsom S. Canal
Pacific Ocean
Humboldt Bay
Pacific Ocean
South Platte River
Connecticut River
Long Island Sound
Gulf Of Mexico
Atlantic Ocean
Biscayne Bay
Altamaha River
Snake River
Mississippi River
Lake Michigan
Neosho River
Mississippi River
Cape Cod Bay
Susquehanna River
Chesapeake Bay
Montseway Bay
Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan
Lake Erie
Lake Michigan
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Catawba River
Atlantic Ocean
Missouri River
Delaware River
Oyster Creek
Colorado River
Hudson River
Date
Collected
10/03/95
10/04/95
10/03/95
10/10/95
10/11/95
10/12/95
12/30/95
10/04/95
10/24/95
10/10/95
10/10/95
10/09/95
11/08/95
10/03/95
10/11/95
10/02/95
10/07/95
10/02/95
10/31/95
11/03/95
10/31/95
10/10/95
10/11/95
10/09/95
10/05/95
10/09/95
10/10/95
10/19/95
10/25/95
10/17/95
10/11/95
10/26/95
10/11/95
10/24/95
10/19/95
10/25/95
10/04/95
3H
nCi/L ±2<7
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
ND
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
0.2 0.1
ND
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.3 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
ND
0.0 0.1
ND
16
-------
Table 10 (continued)
Tritium in Surface Water
October December 1995
Location
NY : Croton-On-Hudson
NY: Oswego
NY: Oswego
OH: Toledo
OR:Bradwood
PA: Danville
PA: Philadelphia
PA: Philadelphia
PA: Philadelphia
SC: Broad River
SC: Columbia
SC:Hartsville
TN: Daisy
TN: Kingston
TN:Oak Ridge
TX:E1 Paso
TX:Matagorda
VA:Doswell
VA: Newport News
WA:Richland
WI:Two Creeks
WI: Victory
WV: Wheel ing
Source
Hudson River
Lake Ontario
Lake Ontario
Lake Erie
Columbia River
Susquehanna River
Schuylkill R. - Belmont
Schuylkill R. - Queen
Delaware River
Broad River
Broad River
Lake Robinson
Tennessee River
Clinch River
Clinch River
Rio Grande
Colorado River
North Anna River
James River
Columbia River
Lake Michigan
Mississippi River
Ohio River
Date
Collected
10/19/95
11/09/95
10/02/95
10/17/95
10/12/95
11/01/95
10/25/95
10/25/95
10/25/95
10/09/95
10/02/95
10/09/95
12/15/95
10/04/95
11/15/95
10/30/95
10/30/95
10/04/95
10/11/95
10/09/95
10/04/95
10/09/95
10/02/95
3H
nCi/L ±2<7
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
0.0 0.1
ND
0.7 0.1
1.5 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
1.7 0.2
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
17
-------
Table 11
Surface Water
Annual Gamma Analysis
January December 1995
Location
AL:Decatur
AL:Decatur
AL : Gordon
AL:Scottsboro
AL:Scottsboro
AR: Little Rock
CA:Clay Station
CA: Diablo Canyon
CA : Eureka
CA:San Onofre
CO:Platteville
CT:East Haddam
CT: Water ford
FL: Crystal River
FL:Ft. Pierce
FL: Home stead
IA : Cedar Rapids
IL:E. Moline
IL: Morris
IL:Zion
KS:Le Roy
LA: New Orleans
MA : Plymouth
MD : Conowingo
MD : Lusby
ME:Wiscasset
MI : Bridgman
MI : Charlevoix
MI : Monroe
Source
Tennessee River
Tennessee River
Chattahoochee River
Tennessee River
Tennessee River
Arkansas River
Folsom S. Canal
Pacific Ocean
Humboldt Bay
Pacific Ocean
South Platte River
Connecticut River
Long Island Sound
Gulf Of Mexico
Atlantic Ocean
Biscayne Bay
Cedar River
Mississippi River
Illinois River
Lake Michigan
Neosho River
Mississippi River
Cape Cod Bay
Susquehanna River
Chesapeake Bay
Montseway Bay
Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan
Lake Erie
Date
Collected
04/06/95
06/29/95
04/18/95
04/06/95
06/27/95
04/11/95
04/11/95
04/05/95
04/06/95
05/03/95
04/13/95
10/04/95
05/17/95
05/17/95
04/04/95
04/12/95
04/13/95
06/12/95
04/03/95
04/06/95
05/15/95
06/28/95
04/30/95
04/12/95
04/11/95
04/10/95
04/12/95
04/11/95
04/06/95
04/11/95
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2a
40K: 28.8±28.5
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
40K: 360±48
40K: 300±42
212Pb: 12.9±8.2
214Bi: 31.8±7.3
40K: 340±51
131I: 128±21
214Bi: 24.8±7.8
131I: 17.3±11.0
ND
40K: 292±42
ND
ND
40K: 316±43
ND
214Bi: 8.4±5.5
ND
214Pb: 10.3±4.8
214Bi: 17.4±6.1
212Pb: 8.1±4.9
ND
ND
40K: 59.1±37.7
ND
ND
214Bi: 8.1±5.4
40K: 129±36
40K: 185±47
ND
ND
ND
18
-------
Table 11 (continued)
Surface Water
Annual Gamma Analysis
January December 1995
Location
MI : South Haven
MN:Monticello
MN:Red Wing
MN: Welch
MS: Port Gibson
NC: Charlotte
NC : Southport
NE:Rulo
NJ:Bayside
NJ: Oyster Creek
NV: Boulder City
NY: Chelsea
NY : Croton-On-Hudson
NY:Oswego
OH: Toledo
OR:Bradwood
PA: Danville
PA Philadelphia
SC : Allendale
SC: Broad River
SC:Hartsville
TN: Daisy
TN : Kingston
TN:Oak Ridge
TN:Oak Ridge
TX:E1 Paso
TX:Matagorda
VA:Doswell
VA: Newport News
VT : Vernon
WA : Northport
WA:Richland
WI:Two Creeks
WI: Victory
WV: Wheeling
Source
Lake Michigan
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Catawba River
Atlantic Ocean
Missouri River
Delaware River
Oyster Creek
Colorado River
Hudson River
Hudson River
Lake Ontario
Lake Erie
Columbia River
Susquehanna River
Delaware River
Schuylkill R. - Belmont
Schuylkill R. - Queen
Savannah River
Broad River
Lake Robinson
Tennessee River
Clinch River
Clinch River
Clinch River
Rio Grande
Colorado River
North Anna River
James River
Connecticut River
Columbia River
Columbia River
Lake Michigan
Mississippi River
Ohio River
Date
Collected
04/11/95
04/05/95
04/12/95
05/17/95
04/04/95
05/09/95
04/14/95
04/18/95
04/11/95
04/13/95
04/26/95
04/05/95
04/05/95
06/16/95
06/01/95
04/19/95
04/19/95
04/18/95
04/18/95
04/18/95
04/28/95
04/28/95
04/10/95
04/18/95
04/05/95
05/23/95
02/20/95
05/24/95
04/10/95
04/05/95
04/07/95
04/10/95
05/02/95
04/03/95
04/11/95
04/11/95
04/03/95
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2<7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
40K: 245±62
ND
40K: 104±37
40K: 203±37
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
212Bi: 28.5±23.8
ND
ND
214Bi: 13.0±5.8
ND
212Pb: 5.2±4.0
40K: 45.5±32.3
ND
ND
40K: 119±45
212Pb: 7.6±5.7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
19
-------
Drinking Water
This program monitors ambient radiation levels in drinking water at 78 sites. These data
serve to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations, and to compare with standards set
forth in the EPA "National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations." These regulations
provide for approval of supplies when the combined radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not
exceed 5 pCi/L, when the gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium) levels do not exceed
15 pCi/L, when tritium levels do not exceed 20,000 pCi/L, when the strontium-90 levels do
not exceed 8 pCi/L, and when the gross beta levels do not exceed 50 pCi/L.
Grab samples are taken at the 78 sites which are either major population centers or
selected nuclear facility environs.
The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross alpha, gross beta,
strontium-90, and gamma on annual composites; (c) radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds
2 pCi/L and radium-228 if the radium-226 falls between 3 and 5 pCi/L; (d) specific iodine-
131 on one quarterly sample per year for each station; and (e) an annual composite for
plutonium-238 and -239/240 and uranium-234, -235, and -238 for stations that demonstrate
gross alpha levels greater than 2 pCi/L.
Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of the distilled samples. Gross
beta and alpha are determined by evaporating an aliquot on a stainless steel planchet for
counting. Radium-226 is determined by the standard emanation technique. Strontium-90 is
determined by beta counting a strontium carbonate precipitate isolated by ion exchange.
Table 12 contains the data from drinking water samples for October-December 1995.
Table 13 contains the data on gross alpha, gross beta, strontium-90, and radium-226 in
drinking water for January-December 1995. Table 14 contains the plutonium and uranium
in drinking water data for January-December 1995. Table 15 contains the 1-131 in drinking
water results for January-December 1995.
20
-------
Table 12
Tritium in Drinking Water
October December 1995
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AL : Montgomery
AL: Muscle Shoals
AL: Scottsboro
AR: Little Rock
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO : Denver
CO:Platteville
CT: Hart ford
DC: Washington
DE: Dover
FL : Miami
GA:Baxley
GA : Savannah
HI: Honolulu
IA : Cedar Rapids
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL: Morris
KS : Topeka
LA: New Orleans
MA: Lawrence
MD: Baltimore
MD : Conowingo
ME: Augusta
MI: Detroit
MI : Grand Rapids
MN : Minneapolis
MN:Red Wing
MO: Jefferson City
MS : Jackson
MS: Port Gibson
MT: Helena
NC: Charlotte
NC : Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NE: Lincoln
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NJ:Waretown
Date
Collected
10/04/95
10/31/95
10/03/95
10/04/95
10/04/95
12/13/95
10/03/95
10/06/95
10/04/95
10/02/95
10/04/95
10/12/95
10/02/95
10/03/95
11/07/95
10/02/95
10/02/95
10/06/95
10/27/95
10/11/95
10/02/95
10/03/95
10/02/95
10/03/95
10/31/95
10/05/95
10/10/95
10/23/95
10/19/95
10/11/95
10/02/95
10/17/95
10/17/95
10/04/95
10/11/95
10/26/95
10/03/95
10/13/95
10/05/95
10/19/95
10/19/95
3H
nCi/L ±2a
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
0.0 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
0.0 0.1
ND
0.3 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.3 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
ND
21
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Tritium in Drinking Water
October December 1995
Location
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NY : Albany
NY: New York City
NY: Niagara Falls
OH : C inc innat i
OH: Columbus
OH: East Liverpool
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
OK: Oklahoma City
OR: Port land
PA: Columbia
PA : Harr isburg
PA: Philadelphia - Baxter
PA: Philadelphia - Belmont
PA: Philadelphia - Queen
PA: Pittsburgh
PC:Corozal
RI : Providence
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SC : Jenkinsville
SC: Seneca
TN : Chattanooga
TN:Knoxville
TX: Austin
VA:Doswell
VA : Lynchburg
WA:Richland
WA: Seattle
WI: Genoa City
WI : Madison
Date
Collected
10/23/95
10/03/95
10/02/95
10/13/95
10/03/95
11/30/95
10/27/95
12/15/95
10/17/95
10/25/95
10/05/95
12/07/95
11/02/95
11/02/95
10/25/95
10/25/95
10/25/95
12/15/95
10/03/95
10/05/95
10/11/95
10/02/95
10/16/95
10/12/95
10/04/95
10/03/95
10/23/95
12/27/95
10/05/95
10/09/95
10/04/95
10/09/95
10/06/95
3H
nCi/L ±2a
ND
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
ND
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
22
-------
Table 13
Drinking Water
Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Sr-90, and Ra-226 Concentrations
January—December 1995 Composites
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AL : Dothan
AL : Montgomery
AL: Muscle Shoals
AL: Scottsboro
AR: Little Rock
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO : Denver
CO:Platteville
CT: Hart ford
DE: Dover
FL: Miami
FL : Tampa
GA:Baxley
GA: Savannah
HI: Honolulu
IA : Cedar Rapids
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
JIL: Morris
JIL:W. Chicago
KS : Topeka
LA: New Orleans
MA: Lawrence
MD: Baltimore
MD : Conowingo
ME: Augusta
MI: Detroit
MI : Grand Rapids
MN : Minneapolis
MN:Red Wing
Total
Solids
(mg/L)
162.0
160.0
55.2
82.0
87.0
28.8
8.0
318.0
140.0
138.0
36.6
191.0
150.0
252.0
165.0
147.0
208.0
121.0
95.5
219.0
474.0
337.0
364.0
226.0
93.8
89.8
155.0
85.2
79.8
125.0
93.8
238.0
Gross
Beta
pCi/L ±2a
4.2 0.8
2.0 0.8
1.9 0.6
1.9 0.6
1.9 0.6
1.4 0.6
0.3 0.4
6.1 1.6
2.0 0.6
4.3 2.4
0.9 0.7
3.1 1.4
2.5 0.8
4.0 1.1
3.8 0.7
1.7 0.6
1.9 0.7
3.2 0.6
1.1 0.6
3.9 1.2
16.6 3.1
11.2 1.8
5.6 1.3
5.6 1.1
1.0 0.9
2.2 0.9
2.0 0.9
2.8 0.7
1.8 0.7
1.7 0.9
3.2 0.9
8.5 1.4
Gross
Alpha
pCi/L ±2a
0.6 0.7
ND
0.5 0.6
ND
0.5 0.6
0.2 0.4
0.1 0.2
6.0 3.0
0.9 0.8
2.6 2.2
0.2 0.5
0.1 1.7
0.1 0.8
ND
4.7 1.7
ND
0.0 0.6
0.1 0.4
0.3 0.5
1.3 1.2
18.3 6.5
24.1 5.2
1.8 1.7
1.4 1.5
1.0 0.8
ND
ND
1.3 0.8
ND
0.5 0.9
0.5 0.9
11.1 3.5
90Sr
pCi/L ±2a
0.0 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.0 0.1
0.0 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.3 0.2
ND
0.2 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.0 0.2
ND
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
ND
ND
ND
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.0 0.2
226Ra
pCi/L ±2a
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.0 0.0
NA
0.2 0.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.8 0.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
3.8 0.1
4.8 0.1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2a
A O
4UK: 17.1±15.1
214Bi: 7.4±3.2
214Bi: 3.0±2.9
ND
208T1: 4.0±3.0
ND
214Bi: 8.9±3.2
ND
ND
212Pb: 4.3±3.7
214Bi: 9.0±3.4
ND
ND
214Bi: 3.9±3.8
ND
ND
ND
212Pb: 3.7±3.7
208T1: 3.1±2.9
ND
208T1: 3.2±2.9
214Bi: 6.0±3.2
ND
214Bi: 12.1±4.0
212Pb: 5.2±4.3
ND
214Bi: 10.6±3.2
ND
ND
ND
40K: 19.4±12.7
ND
214Bi: 6.4±3.2
ND
ND
23
-------
Table 13 (continued)
Drinking Water
Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Sr-90, and Ra-226 Concentrations
January-December 1995 Composites
Location
MO: Jefferson City
MS: Jackson
MS: Port Gibson
MT: Helena
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NE: Lincoln
NH: Concord
NJ: Trenton
NJ:Waretown
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NY: Albany
NY: New York City
NY: Niagara Falls
NY: Syracuse
OH : C inc innat i
OH: Columbus
OH: East Liverpool
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
OK: Oklahoma City
OR: Portland
PA: Columbia
PA:Harrisburg
PA: Philadelphia
Total
Solids
(mg/L)
283.0
86.8
313.0
61.8
46.8
110.0
329.0
305.0
81.2
92.7
52.0
279.0
248.0
68.8
44.5
99.2
94.8
198.0
362.0
215.0
126.0
148.0
62.6
19.2
121.0
51.2
165.0
Gross
Beta
pCi/L ±2<7
6.6 1.1
2.2 0.6
5.6 1.3
1.6 0.5
1.5 0.6
2.9 0.7
4.3 1.0
12.8 1.8
1.1 0.8
1.7 0.7
2.7 0.7
9.7 1.6
6.5 2.1
1.3 0.6
0.6 0.6
1.8 0.7
1.9 0.7
1.8 0.7
3.5 1.3
2.8 1.1
2.2 0.9
1.6 0.7
2.6 0.6
0.6 0.4
2.1 0.8
1.0 0.7
3.6 0.9
Gross
Alpha
pCi/L ±2a
1.5 1.4
0.5 0.8
2.5 2.1
0.4 0.4
ND
0.7 0.8
0.2 0.9
11.9 3.7
0.2 0.8
0.0 0.5
2.0 0.8
12.8 3.7
22.5 5.4
0.0 0.5
0.4 0.5
0.9 0.9
1.3 0.9
0.6 1.0
0.3 1.7
0.2 0.7
0.0 0.8
0.6 0.7
0.8 0.5
0.0 0.2
ND
0.5 0.6
0.2 1.1
90Sr
pCi/L ±2a
0.0 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.0 0.2
ND
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.5 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.3
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.3
0.3 0.3
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.0 0.2
226Ra
pCi/L ±2a
NA
NA
0.4 0.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.3 0.0
NA
NA
0.4 0.0
0.2 0.0
0.2 0.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2a
214Bi: 6.2±3.3
40K: 19.4±15.7
214Bi: 11.8±4.0
40K: 26.4±13.3
ND
214Bi: 4.9±3.1
214Bi: 6.2±3.7
212Pb: 3.8±3.6
ND
ND
214Bi: 5.8±3.2
214Bi: 4.5±3.9
ND
214Bi: 8.8±3.0
40K: 42.7±13.8
214Bi: 5.5±4.1
ND
ND
ND
214Bi: 17.2±3.5
214Pb: 9.6±3.5
214Bi: 7.9±3.0
208T1: 3.1±2.8
208T1: 4.6±3.4
214Bi: 5.3±3.6
212Pb: 3.2±3.1
214Bi: 5.9±3.2
ND
214Bi: 13.2±3.3
212Pb: 4.6±3.7
208T1: 3.7±3.3
214Bi: 6.5±3.2
ND
ND
ND
24
-------
Table 13 (continued)
Drinking Water
Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Sr-90, and Ra-226 Concentrations
January—December 1995 Composites
Location
PA : Philadelphia-Queen
PA : Philadelphia-Baxter
PA: Pittsburgh
PC:Corozal
RI : Providence
SC : Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SC : Jenkinsville
SC: Seneca
TN: Chattanooga
TN : Knoxville
TX: Austin
VA:Doswell
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:Richland
WA: Seattle
WI: Genoa City
WI : Madison
Total
Solids
(mg/L)
207.0
101.0
178.0
71.6
52.8
73.6
28.2
165.0
35.2
82.2
93.8
180.0
193.0
45.2
91.2
77.2
29.8
194.0
234.0
Gross
Beta
pCi/L ±2<7
3.7 1.0
2.0 0.9
2.4 0.7
0.6 0.5
0.6 0.7
1.9 0.6
1.3 0.5
6.0 1.0
0.2 0.7
1.7 0.7
1.8 0.7
3.2 0.9
5.2 0.9
0.2 0.4
2.3 0.6
2.4 0.7
0.1 0.4
1.6 0.6
3.2 1.6
Gross
Alpha
pCi/L ±2a
1.8 1.5
0.9 1.1
0.8 1.0
0.0 0.6
0.3 0.5
0.2 0.5
0.4 0.4
9.1 2.4
0.1 0.5
0.7 0.7
0.3 0.8
0.7 0.9
0.9 1.2
ND
ND
0.3 0.5
0.4 0.4
2.2 1.3
4.1 3.0
90Sr
pCi/L ±2a
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.0 0.2
ND
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.0 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.0 0.2
ND
ND
226Ra
pCi/L ±2a
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.8 0.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.4 0.0
0.6 0.0
Specific Gamma
Activity
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
214Bi: 9.4±3.1
ND
40K: 17.9±12.8
ND
40K: 29.1±13.6
214Bi: 16.3±4.2
ND
214Bi: 8.0±3.5
40K: 16.7±11.9
208T1: 4.3±3.1
214Bi: 4.6±3.6
ND
214Bi: 15.3±3.3
214Pb: 9.6±3.5
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting Error. NA = No Analysis. ND = Not Detectable.
Morris, IL 3.58 ± 0.54pCi/L 228Ra.
W. Chicago, IL 3.38 ± 0.53 pCi/L 228Ra.
25
-------
Table 14
Plutonium and Uranium Analyses
Selected Drinking Water Composite Samples
January December 1995
Location
CA:Los Angeles
CO:Platteville
GA:Baxley
IL: Morris
IL:W. Chicago
MN:Red Wing
MS: Port Gibson
NE: Lincoln
NJ:Waretown
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
SC : Jenkinsville
WI: Genoa City
WI : Madison
238 pu
pCi/L ±2<7
0.006 0.017
0.013 0.016
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.001 0.018
ND
ND
ND
0.002 0.011
ND
239/240pu
pCi/L ±2a
ND
0.001 0.004
ND
ND
ND
0.001 0.004
0.002 0.008
0.004 0.006
0.010 0.010
ND
ND
0.002 0.005
ND
ND
234U
pCi/L ±2a
1.700 0.194
0.933 0.102
0.042 0.021
0.578 0.164
0.880 0.205
0.269 0.058
0.083 0.027
4.140 0.345
0.009 0.010
7.050 0.551
2.540 0.308
0.470 0.099
0.405 0.068
1.710 0.178
235U
pCi/L ±2a
0.047 0.030
0.034 0.017
ND
ND
0.034 0.038
0.015 0.014
0.007 0.009
0.109 0.042
ND
0.236 0.069
0.128 0.064
0.014 0.016
0.009 0.012
0.025 0.017
238U
pCi/L ±2a
1.270 0.162
0.713 0.086
0.031 0.019
0.058 0.053
0.109 0.071
0.038 0.021
0.055 0.022
2.540 0.246
0.008 0.009
4.270 0.378
1.480 0.225
0.221 0.065
0.138 0.040
0.378 0.070
Notes: a = Counting Error.
Minimum Detectable
ND = Not Detectable.
Amount for individual isotopes is 0.015 pCi/sample.
26
-------
Table 15
Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
January December 1995
Location
AK : Fairbanks
AL : Dothan
AL : Montgomery
AL: Muscle Shoals
AL: Scottsboro
AR: Little Rock
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO : Denver
CO:Platteville
CT: Hart ford
DC: Washington
DE: Dover
FL : Miami
FL : Tampa
GA : Savannah
HI: Honolulu
IA : Cedar Rapids
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL: Morris
KS : Topeka
LA: New Orleans
MA: Lawrence
MD: Baltimore
MD : Conowingo
ME: Portland
MI: Detroit
MI : Grand Rapids
MN : Minneapolis
MN:Red Wing
MO: Jefferson City
MS : Jackson
MS: Port Gibson
MT: Helena
NC: Charlotte
NC : Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NE: Lincoln
NH: Concord
Date
Collected
07/10/95
07/11/95
01/18/95
01/10/95
01/10/95
07/05/95
01/03/95
10/03/95
07/20/95
01/11/95
07/03/95
10/04/95
01/05/95
07/11/95
01/30/95
11/07/95
07/03/95
01/17/95
01/03/95
07/25/95
01/17/95
07/03/95
07/06/95
10/02/95
01/06/95
01/03/95
01/10/95
01/05/95
10/23/95
01/09/95
01/18/95
07/03/95
01/10/95
01/10/95
01/04/95
01/18/95
07/06/95
01/03/95
01/10/95
10/05/95
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.1
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.2 0.3
ND
0.4 0.4
ND
0.1 0.1
0.3 0.1
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
0.1 0.1
ND
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
ND
0.2 0.2
ND
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.3
0.2 0.3
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.3
ND
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
27
-------
Table 15 (continued)
Iodine-131 in Drinking Water
January December 1995
Location
NJ: Trenton
NJ:Waretown
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NY : Albany
NY: New York City
NY: Niagara Falls
NY: Syracuse
OH: Cincinnati
OH: Columbus
OH: East Liverpool
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
OK: Oklahoma City
OR: Port land
OR: Port land
PA: Columbia
PA : Harr isburg
PA: Philadelphia
PA: Philadelphia - Baxter
PA: Philadelphia - Queen
PA: Pittsburgh
PC:Corozal
RI : Providence
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SC : Jenkinsville
SC: Seneca
TN : Chattanooga
TN:Knoxville
TX: Austin
VA:Doswell
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:Richland
WA: Seattle
WI: Genoa City
WI : Madison
Date
Collected
07/05/95
01/19/95
07/06/95
07/05/95
01/04/95
01/03/95
01/03/95
01/10/95
11/30/95
10/27/95
12/15/95
01/06/95
07/06/95
10/05/95
01/09/95
12/07/95
01/05/95
01/06/95
02/03/95
02/03/95
02/03/95
12/15/95
07/05/95
07/03/95
01/12/95
07/07/95
07/20/95
01/10/95
01/11/95
07/05/95
07/21/95
06/09/95
07/06/95
01/03/95
01/04/95
07/03/95
07/10/95
07/21/95
pCi/L ±2<7
ND
ND
0.2 0.3
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
ND
2.4 2.8
ND
0.2 0.3
ND
0.8 0.1
ND
ND
0.1 0.2
0.4 0.3
0.1 0.2
0.5 0.2
3.1 2.6
ND
ND
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.3
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.3
ND
ND
0.1 0.1
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting; Error. ND = Not Detectable.
28
-------
3. Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
Milk is a reliable indicator of the general population's intake of radionuclides since it
is consumed fresh by a large segment of the population and can contain several of the
biologically significant radionuclides that result from environmental releases from nuclear
activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain reliable monitoring data relative
to current radionuclide concentrations and determine any long-term trends.
Monthly samples are collected at approximately 55 sampling sites with at least one lo-
cated in most states, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal Zone. The samples are composited,
according to production, from the major milk suppliers representing more than 80 percent
of the milk consumed in a given population center.
The samples are analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides, including iodine-131, barium-
140, cesium-137, and potassium. All samples collected in July are analyzed for strontium-90.
Note: As of the first quarter of 1995, NAREL has discontinued regional
compositing of milk samples for strontium-90 analysis.
Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and potassium are determined by gamma spectral
analysis. Strontium-90 is determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate that has
been chemically separated by ion exchange.
Tables 16-18 contain the concentrations of radionuclides in pasteurized milk for October-
December 1995.
29
-------
Table 16
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
October 1995
Location
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA:Los Angeles
CA : Sacramento
CA:San Francisco
CO : Denver
DE : Wilmington
FL : Tampa
GA: Atlanta
HI: Honolulu
IA:Des Moines
IL: Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS: Wichita
KY : Louisville
MA: Boston
MD: Baltimore
ME: Portland
MI: Detroit
MI : Grand Rapids
MO: Kansas City
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
ND : Minot
NJ: Trenton
NV : Las Vegas
NY: Buffalo
NY: Syracuse
OH : C inc innat i
OH: Cleveland
OR: Portland
PA: Philadelphia
PA: Pittsburgh
PC: Cristobal
PR: San Juan
SC: Charleston
TN: Chattanooga
Date
Collected
10/04/95
10/20/95
10/10/95
10/23/95
10/04/95
10/16/95
10/20/95
10/17/95
10/31/95
10/23/95
10/02/95
10/20/95
10/11/95
10/17/95
10/09/95
10/02/95
10/05/95
10/02/95
10/13/95
10/02/95
10/23/95
10/03/95
10/03/95
10/05/95
10/05/95
10/04/95
10/06/95
10/03/95
10/11/95
10/30/95
10/02/95
10/04/95
10/04/95
10/26/95
10/06/95
10/03/95
10/02/95
K
g/L ±2a
1.56 0.08
1.66 0.08
1.57 0.08
1.61 0.08
1.60 0.14
1.49 0.08
1.59 0.12
1.63 0.08
1.63 0.08
1.57 0.08
1.55 0.08
1.56 0.14
1.67 0.09
1.57 0.08
1.56 0.09
1.59 0.09
1.68 0.09
1.52 0.09
1.63 0.09
1.72 0.08
1.69 0.09
1.54 0.10
1.63 0.09
1.61 0.12
1.62 0.09
1.63 0.08
1.66 0.07
1.60 0.08
1.63 0.12
1.60 0.14
1.60 0.08
1.55 0.09
1.57 0.09
1.51 0.05
1.59 0.08
1.63 0.08
1.59 0.08
137Cs
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
7 1
ND
ND
ND
140Ba
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
131Z
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
30
-------
Table 16 (continued)
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
October 1995
Location
TN : Knoxville
TN : Memphis
TX:Ft. Worth
VA: Norfolk
VT:Montpelier
WA: Seattle
WA : Spokane
WV: Charleston
Date
Collected
10/02/95
10/12/95
10/16/95
10/29/95
10/27/95
10/02/95
10/04/95
10/02/95
K
g/L ±2cr
1.55 0.14
1.60 0.08
1.55 0.12
1.51 0.08
1.61 0.12
1.69 0.08
1.66 0.08
1.55 0.08
137Cs
pCi/L ±2<7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
140Ba
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
131 1
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
31
-------
Table 17
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
November 1995
Location
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA:Los Angeles
CA: Sacramento
CO : Denver
CT: Hart ford
DE: Wilmington
FL : Tampa
GA: Atlanta
HI: Honolulu
IA:Des Moines
IL: Chicago
KY : Louisville
MA: Boston
MD: Baltimore
MI: Detroit
MI : Grand Rapids
MN:St. Paul
MO: Kansas City
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NJ: Trent on
NM : Albuquerque
NV:Las Vegas
NY: Buffalo
NY: Syracuse
OH: Cincinnati
OH: Cleveland
OR: Portland
PA: Philadelphia
PA: Pittsburgh
PC: Cristobal
PR: San Juan
SC: Charleston
TN: Chattanooga
TN : Knoxville
Date
Collected
11/09/95
11/07/95
11/21/95
11/08/95
11/13/95
11/15/95
11/06/95
11/09/95
11/06/95
11/15/95
11/27/95
11/13/95
11/08/95
11/06/95
11/06/95
11/03/95
11/15/95
11/06/95
11/16/95
11/16/95
11/06/95
11/07/95
11/09/95
11/06/95
11/14/95
11/06/95
11/06/95
11/21/95
11/03/95
11/06/95
11/01/95
11/06/95
11/30/95
11/10/95
11/20/95
11/06/95
11/02/95
K
g/L ±2cr
1.66 0.09
1.54 0.08
1.59 0.10
1.62 0.08
1.74 0.09
1.63 0.08
1.69 0.09
1.69 0.08
1.45 0.07
1.68 0.09
1.64 0.06
1.84 0.10
1.50 0.14
1.64 0.14
1.48 0.07
1.68 0.08
1.68 0.08
1.62 0.09
1.77 0.09
1.61 0.11
1.57 0.08
1.59 0.08
1.66 0.09
1.63 0.07
1.52 0.08
1.52 0.14
1.68 0.08
1.61 0.09
1.69 0.09
1.61 0.06
1.55 0.11
1.60 0.09
1.57 0.12
1.60 0.12
1.68 0.09
1.59 0.11
1.63 0.09
137Cs
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2 3
ND
ND
ND
ND
140Ba
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
131-j-
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
32
-------
Table 17 (continued)
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
November 1995
Location
TN : Memphis
TX: Austin
TX:Ft. Worth
VA: Norfolk
VT: Burlington
WA: Seattle
WA : Spokane
WV: Charleston
Date
Collected
11/09/95
11/07/95
11/07/95
11/29/95
11/29/95
11/07/95
11/09/95
11/06/95
K
g/L ±2cr
1.49 0.11
1.67 0.09
1.47 0.07
1.56 0.09
1.77 0.10
1.51 0.14
1.50 0.11
1.59 0.09
137Cs
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
140Ba
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
131-j-
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
-------
Table 18
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
December 1995
Location
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
CA:Los Angeles
CA : Sacramento
CA:San Francisco
CO : Denver
CT: Hart ford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Tampa
GA: Atlanta
HI: Honolulu
IA:Des Moines
IL: Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS: Wichita
KY : Louisville
MA: Boston
MD: Baltimore
ME: Portland
MI: Detroit
MI : Grand Rapids
MN:St. Paul
MO: Kansas City
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
ND : Minot
NJ: Trenton
NV : Las Vegas
NY: Buffalo
NY: Syracuse
OH: Cincinnati
OR: Portland
PA: Philadelphia
PA: Pittsburgh
PC: Cristobal
PR: San Juan
SC: Charleston
Date
Collected
12/07/95
12/12/95
12/06/95
12/11/95
12/06/95
12/13/95
12/07/95
12/06/95
12/04/95
12/12/95
12/26/95
12/04/95
12/06/95
12/05/95
12/13/95
12/06/95
12/04/95
12/08/95
12/07/95
12/07/95
12/04/95
12/06/95
12/27/95
12/07/95
12/05/95
12/12/95
12/07/95
12/04/95
12/05/95
12/04/95
12/19/95
12/04/95
12/04/95
12/05/95
12/27/95
12/07/95
12/05/95
K
g/L ±2a
1.59 0.08
1.51 0.07
1.66 0.08
1.52 0.09
1.62 0.08
1.49 0.07
1.70 0.08
1.75 0.09
1.60 0.10
1.54 0.11
1.63 0.12
1.50 0.07
1.60 0.12
1.61 0.08
1.70 0.08
1.54 0.10
1.70 0.09
1.70 0.08
1.66 0.10
1.70 0.15
1.62 0.08
1.57 0.08
1.68 0.09
1.64 0.08
1.57 0.09
1.73 0.07
1.51 0.10
1.63 0.08
1.59 0.12
1.67 0.08
1.63 0.09
1.76 0.09
1.81 0.09
1.56 0.08
1.55 0.10
1.66 0.09
1.80 0.10
137Cs
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
4 2
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
5 4
ND
ND
140Ba
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
131Z
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
34
-------
Table 18 (continued)
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
December 1995
Location
TN: Chattanooga
TN : Knoxville
TN : Memphis
TX: Austin
TX:Ft. Worth
VA: Norfolk
VT: Burlington
WA: Seattle
WV: Charleston
Date
Collected
12/04/95
12/11/95
12/13/95
12/05/95
12/19/95
12/21/95
12/29/95
12/04/95
12/04/95
K
g/L ±2a
1.75 0.10
1.48 0.08
1.48 0.14
1.61 0.06
1.69 0.08
1.60 0.10
1.52 0.07
1.64 0.10
1.77 0.09
137Cs
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
140Ba
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
131-j-
pCi/L ±2a
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: a = Counting Error. ND = Not Detectable.
35
-------
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is published quarterly (January, April, July, October) by the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air.
Requests for information concerning publication and distribution of ERD should be directed to:
Charles M. Petko
Office of the Director
National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601
Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS and the data that are generated should
be directed as follows:
For System Operations -
Rhonda Sears
National Air and Radiation Environmental
Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601
e-mail: sears.rhonda@epa.gov
For Analytical Information and Data -
John G. Griggs
National Air and Radiation Environmental
Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601
e-mail: griggs.john@epa.gov
Requests for information concerning policies of the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air should be directed
to:
William C. Conklin
USEPA - ORIA
Center for Emergency Preparedness and Clean Materials
Radiation Protection Division (MC66085)
501 Third Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20001
e-mail: conklin.craig@epa.gov
-------
-------