402R-96-024 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION DATA REPORT 85 January - March 1996 United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Radiation and Indoor Air ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- Contents Page List of Tables v Preface vii Acknowledgments ix Data Reporting Conventions xi 1. Air Program 1 Airborne Particulates and Precipitation 1 Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates and Precipitation 15 2. Water Program 17 Surface Water 17 Drinking Water 20 3. Milk Program 23 Pasteurized Milk 23 in ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- List of Tables Table Page 1 Reporting Units and Minimum Detectable Concentrations xiii 2 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: January 1996 2 3 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: February 1996 4 4 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: March 1996 6 5 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation: January 1996 8 6 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation: February 1996 10 7 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation: March 1996 12 8 Tritium in Precipitation: January - March 1996 14 9 Tritium in Surface Water: January - March 1996 18 10 Tritium in Drinking Water: January - March 1996 21 11 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: January 1996 24 12 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: February 1996 26 13 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: March 1996 28 ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- Preface Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is compiled and published quarterly by the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air's National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL) in Montgomery, Alabama, and contains data from the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS). Data from similar networks operated by contributing States, Canada, Mexico, and the Pan American Health Organization are reported in the ERD when available. ERD is published in both hard-copy and electronic formats. Electronic reports are available online at www.epa.gov/narel. The United States Environmental Protection Agency established ERAMS in 1973 with an emphasis on identifying trends in the accumulation of long-lived radionuclides in the environment. ERAMS is comprised of a nationwide network of sampling stations that provide air, precipitation, surface water, drinking water, and milk samples. Sampling locations are selected to provide optimal population coverage while functioning to monitor fallout from nuclear devices and other forms of radioactive contamination of the environment. The radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross alpha and gross beta levels, gamma analyses, and radionuclide-specific analyses for uranium, plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, and tritium. This monitoring effort also provides ancillary information on natural background levels and on routine and accidental releases into the environment from stationary sources. The radiochemical procedures used by NAREL to analyze the ERAMS samples are contained in the Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility Radiochemistry Procedures Manual (EPA 520/5-84-006). Station operation and sample collection are in accordance with procedures contained in the ERAMS Manual (EPA 520/5-84-007, 008, 009). vn ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- Acknowledgments All sampling for the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS) is performed by volunteer collectors who are frequently members of the health departments or related environmental agencies of their respective states. The National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL) on behalf of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency would like to acknowledge its indebtedness to these volunteer collectors who are so essential to the successful operation of ERAMS. The efforts of the sample collectors are especially appreciated during times of emergency operation when sampling frequencies are increased and schedules are sometimes demanding. IX ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- Data Reporting Conventions Every laboratory measurement involves uncertainty. When there is little or no radioactivity in a sample, one consequence of measurement uncertainty is the possibility of obtaining a measured value that is less than zero. Such a negative result occurs when random effects in the measurement process cause the measured value for the sample to be less than that of the blank or background, which is subtracted from it. From April 1991 to December 1995, negative results were reported as "not detected" or "ND," and gamma analysis results that were less than their estimated measurement uncertainties were also reported as "ND." In January 1996 both of these practices were discontinued. Although negative activities are physically impossible, the inclusion of negative results in the report allows better statistical analysis of the data. Results of gamma analyses are still reported as "ND" when gamma-emitting radionuclides are not detected. Measurement Uncertainty Each measured value y is reported with an expanded uncertainty U=k uc(y), which is determined from the combined standard uncertainty uc(y) and the coverage factor k = 2. The interval from_y - U toy+Uis estimated to have a level of confidence of approximately 95%. Significant Figures Expanded uncertainties are reported to two significant figures. Measurement results are rounded to the corresponding number of decimal places. Detection Capability The minimum detectable concentrations (MDCs) for each radionuclide are shown in Table 1. The MDC is defined as the minimum concentration that gives a 95% probability of detection when the detection criteria are chosen to give only a 5% probability of false detection in a blank sample. XI ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- Table 1 Reporting Units and Minimum Detectable Concentrations for Radionuclide Analyses Radionuclide Gross Alpha Gross Beta Tritium * Plutonium-23 8,23 9/240 f Uranium-234,235,238 Radium-226 Strontium-90 {Iodine-131 Cesium- 137 { Barium-140 Potassium Potassium-40 Media Water Air Water Precipitation Water Milk Air Water Air Water Water Milk Water Milk (gamma) Water (gamma) Water Milk Water Milk Water Milk Water Water Reporting Unit pCi/L pCi/m3 pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L aCi/m3 pCi/L aCi/m3 pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L pCi/L g/L g/L pCi/L Minimum Detectable Concentration 2 0.0015 2 2 150 150 0.75 0.1 0.75 0.1 0.02 2 1 4 4 0.3 5 5 15 15 0.06 0.06 50 * The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 120,000 m3. Measurement by alpha spectrometry includes combined activities of 239Pu and 240Pu, since the relative contributions of these two isotopes cannot be determined. f The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 120,000 m3. J Activity as of the day of counting. Xlll ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- 1. Air Program Airborne Participates and Precipitation Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific analyses are performed on air particulates and precipitation samples as indicator measurements in assessing the general (national) impact of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation. Airborne particulates are collected continuously at field stations representing wide geographic coverage, including present and potential sources of environmental radioactivity. Sampling sites are located throughout the United States. Filters (10-cm diameter synthetic fiber) from air samplers are changed twice weekly and field measurements are made with a G-M survey meter at 5 hours after collection to allow for decay of natural radon isotopes and their progeny. Field estimates are reported to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending on the activity levels found. The filters are sent to NAREL for more sensitive analyses in a low background beta counter. Gamma scans are performed on all filters showing gross beta counts greater than 1 pCi/m3. The laboratory obtained values are usually lower than the field estimates due to the decay of naturally occurring radionuclides between the times of the two measurements. Precipitation samples are collected at those field stations collecting air filters. These samples are also sent to NAREL where they are composited monthly for gamma scans, tritium, and gross beta activity measurements. A composite of the March, April, and May precipitation samples is analyzed for plutonium-238, combined plutonium-239 and 240, and uranium-234, 235, and 238. A compilation of individual measurements is available from the National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory, 540 South Morris Avenue, Montgomery, AL 36115-2601. ------- Table 2 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates January 1996 Location AK: Fairbanks AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock AZ: Phoenix CA: Berkeley CA: Los Angeles CO: Denver CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Jacksonville FL: Miami HI: Honolulu IA: Iowa City ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls IL: Chicago IN: Indianapolis KS: Topeka ME: Augusta MI: Lansing MN: Minneapolis MN: Welch MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington ND: Bismarck NH: Concord NJ: Trenton NM: Santa Fe NV: Las Vegas NY: Albany NY: New York City NY: Niagara Falls NY: Yaphank OH: Columbus OH: Paine sville OH: Ross OH: Toledo Number of Samples 5 7 9 3 9 9 8 9 9 7 9 7 8 9 9 1 8 8 8 9 5 3 9 8 2 4 9 9 3 6 4 2 8 8 4 9 8 9 5 -hour Field Estimate Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.2 0.6 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0.0 0.0 0. 0.0 0.1 0. 0.1 0.1 0. 0.1 0.1 0. 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 NAREL Lab Measurement Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.037 0.009 0.020 0.016 0.007 0.011 0.028 0.007 0.014 0.020 0.010 0.014 0.013 0.002 0.006 0.019 0.005 0.011 0.020 0.006 0.013 0.016 0.005 0.010 0.025 0.009 0.013 0.014 0.007 0.010 0.012 0.002 0.008 0.006 0.001 0.003 0.032 0.014 0.022 0.016 0.003 0.008 0.036 0.004 0.012 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.026 0.009 0.017 0.033 0.010 0.018 0.028 0.009 0.015 0.028 0.012 0.018 0.026 0.017 0.023 0.027 0.016 0.021 0.020 0.008 0.012 0.021 0.009 0.015 0.011 0.010 0.010 0.035 0.006 0.021 0.019 0.007 0.012 0.018 0.008 0.014 0.025 0.009 0.016 0.019 0.005 0.011 0.016 0.011 0.013 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.028 0.010 0.017 0.023 0.006 0.011 0.017 0.008 0.011 0.025 0.010 0.016 0.026 0.011 0.016 0.024 0.011 0.016 ------- Table 2 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates January 1996 Location OR: Portland PA: Harrisburg PA: Pittsburgh SC: Barnwell SC: Columbia SD: Pierre TN: Knoxville TN: Nashville TX: Austin TX: El Paso UT: Salt Lake City VA: Lynchburg VA: Virginia Beach WA: Olympia WA: Spokane WI: Madison Number of Samples 9 9 9 2 9 9 3 8 8 9 8 8 1 8 9 9 5 -hour Field Estimate Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 1.9 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 NAREL Lab Measurement Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.007 0.001 0.003 0.040 0.012 0.019 0.025 0.010 0.017 0.012 0.011 0.012 0.026 0.006 0.013 0.026 0.004 0.017 0.021 0.018 0.019 0.020 0.009 0.015 0.022 0.009 0.014 0.028 0.013 0.018 0.020 0.003 0.009 0.016 0.007 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.006 0.001 0.004 0.026 0.007 0.012 0.021 0.012 0.016 ------- Table 3 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates February 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock AZ: Phoenix CA: Berkeley CA: Los Angeles CO: Denver CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Jacksonville FL: Miami HI: Honolulu IA: Iowa City ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls IN: Indianapolis KS: Topeka ME: Augusta MI: Lansing MN: Minneapolis MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington ND: Bismarck NH: Concord NJ: Trenton NM: Santa Fe NV: Las Vegas NY: Albany NY: New York City NY: Niagara Falls NY: Yaphank OH: Columbus OH: Paine sville OH: Ross OH: Toledo PA: Harrisburg PA: Pittsburgh SC: Barnwell Number of Samples 9 9 4 8 8 9 9 8 8 7 7 9 8 9 8 8 8 9 4 8 8 4 6 8 9 2 9 5 3 1 7 5 7 8 1 9 9 2 5 -hour Field Estimate Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 2.2 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NAREL Lab Measurement Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.019 0.007 0.014 0.018 0.010 0.015 0.019 0.006 0.013 0.018 0.003 0.006 0.018 0.003 0.008 0.024 0.006 0.013 0.013 0.002 0.008 0.020 0.006 0.010 0.018 0.009 0.012 0.014 0.007 0.010 0.007 0.001 0.004 0.026 0.005 0.014 0.029 0.003 0.013 0.023 0.004 0.012 0.018 0.010 0.014 0.026 0.005 0.014 0.017 0.005 0.011 0.019 0.008 0.012 0.024 0.012 0.016 0.020 0.009 0.014 0.019 0.007 0.013 0.013 0.008 0.011 0.057 0.004 0.019 0.015 0.004 0.009 0.020 0.003 0.009 0.011 0.006 0.008 0.020 0.003 0.011 0.016 0.006 0.011 0.015 0.008 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.003 0.008 0.011 0.006 0.009 0.013 0.003 0.008 0.039 0.009 0.019 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.019 0.006 0.012 0.018 0.008 0.012 0.011 0.009 0.010 ------- Table 3 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates February 1996 Location SC: Columbia SD: Pierre TN: Knoxville TN: Nashville TX: Austin TX: El Paso UT: Salt Lake City VA: Lynchburg VA: Virginia Beach WA: Olympia WA: Spokane WI: Madison Number of Samples 7 6 3 8 8 9 7 9 1 7 8 8 5 -hour Field Estimate Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2 1.7 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 NAREL Lab Measurement Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.020 0.008 0.016 0.021 0.004 0.013 0.019 0.015 0.017 0.021 0.008 0.014 0.017 0.006 0.012 0.030 0.009 0.016 0.022 0.005 0.014 0.020 0.006 0.011 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.020 0.001 0.008 0.026 0.002 0.013 0.021 0.006 0.014 ------- Table 4 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates March 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock AZ: Phoenix CA: Berkeley CA: Los Angeles CO: Denver CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Jacksonville FL: Miami HI: Honolulu IA: Iowa City ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls IN: Indianapolis KS: Topeka ME: Augusta MI: Lansing MN: Minneapolis MN: Welch MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington ND: Bismarck NH: Concord NJ: Trenton NM: Santa Fe NV: Las Vegas NY: Albany NY: New York City NY: Yaphank OH: Paine sville OH: Ross PA: Harrisburg PA: Pittsburgh SC: Barnwell SC: Columbia SD: Pierre Number of Samples 8 8 4 9 9 8 5 9 8 9 8 8 9 8 9 7 9 8 4 2 8 7 4 6 9 8 3 8 4 1 9 8 9 8 6 2 9 8 5 -hour Field Estimate Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 1. 0.2 0.6 0. 0.0 0.0 0. 0.0 0.1 0. 0.0 0.1 0. 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.8 0.3 0.7 0. 0.0 0.0 0. 0.0 0.0 0. 0.0 0.1 0. 0.1 0.1 0. 0.0 0.1 0. 0.0 0.0 0. 0.0 0.1 0. 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 NAREL Lab Measurement Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.014 0.005 0.010 0.013 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.007 0.011 0.013 0.003 0.005 0.023 0.003 0.008 0.021 0.006 0.013 0.022 0.008 0.012 0.014 0.005 0.011 0.011 0.007 0.009 0.013 0.004 0.009 0.005 0.002 0.004 0.017 0.011 0.014 0.012 0.004 0.007 0.017 0.006 0.009 0.019 0.011 0.015 0.015 0.009 0.012 0.018 0.008 0.013 0.015 0.012 0.013 0.018 0.013 0.015 0.021 0.019 0.020 0.017 0.009 0.012 0.015 0.008 0.012 0.015 0.012 0.013 0.020 0.010 0.015 0.013 0.006 0.010 0.010 0.005 0.007 0.009 0.006 0.007 0.011 0.004 0.008 0.020 0.010 0.015 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.005 0.010 0.013 0.008 0.011 0.029 0.009 0.014 0.015 0.008 0.012 0.018 0.010 0.013 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.040 0.006 0.015 0.020 0.007 0.015 ------- Table 4 (continued) Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates March 1996 Location TN: Knoxville TN: Nashville TX: Austin TX: El Paso UT: Salt Lake City VA: Lynchburg VA: Virginia Beach WA: Olympia WA: Spokane WI: Madison Number of Samples 2 8 8 8 9 8 1 9 8 9 5 -hour Field Estimate Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 NAREL Lab Measurement Max Min Avg (pCi/m3) 0.020 0.017 0.019 0.016 0.010 0.013 0.015 0.006 0.011 0.027 0.001 0.015 0.014 0.004 0.009 0.011 0.006 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.012 0.002 0.006 0.026 0.004 0.012 0.018 0.009 0.014 ------- Table 5 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation January 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock CA: Berkeley CO: Denver CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Jacksonville FL: Miami HI: Honolulu IA: Iowa City ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls MN: Minneapolis MN: Welch MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington ND: Bismarck NJ: Trenton NY: Albany NY: Yaphank OH: Paine sville OH: Toledo OR: Portland PA: Harrisburg SC: Barnwell SC: Columbia TN: Knoxville Gross Beta Activity pCi/L ±2u 2.71 1.66 0.47 1.76 1.69 1.40 0.97 0.42 1.29 1.24 0.99 1.87 2.63 0.60 2.77 1.24 2.04 4.67 2.22 2.50 2.92 2.30 1.61 1.18 3.43 1.83 1.94 0.47 0.41 0.34 0.25 0.37 0.36 0.33 0.37 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.32 0.36 0.42 0.28 0.43 0.37 0.38 0.52 0.38 0.42 0.43 0.39 0.37 0.30 0.45 0.36 0.41 0.26 Specific Gamma Activity Nuclide pCi/L ± 2u Be7 Pb212 Be7 Bi212 Be7 K40 Pb212 Be7 Pb212 Bi214 Pb212 Bi212 Pb212 Bi212 Bi214 K40 Pb212 Be7 Bi214 Be7 Ra224 Be7 K40 Be7 T1208 Bi214 Be7 K40 Pb212 61 4.8 49 31 121 18 5.7 47 2.4 3.1 7.4 ND 29 ND 7.1 30 12.2 25 7.7 73 7.4 35 ND ND 63 ND 38 46 70 3.1 ND ND 10.0 96 24 6.2 ND 45 6.8 49 38 32 27 4.7 27 4.5 4.8 9.2 39 7.1 42 7.4 39 6.7 51 7.3 36 87 38 41 51 4.1 6.9 51 39 6.8 Note: ND = Not detected. ------- Table 5 (continued) Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation January 1996 Location TN: Nashville UT: Salt Lake City VA: Lynchburg WA: Olympia WI: Madison Gross Beta Activity pCi/L ±2u 5.89 0.63 0.89 0.29 1.47 0.38 0.42 0.24 1.99 0.36 Specific Gamma Activity Nuclide pCi/L ± 2u Be? 38 25 ND Bi214 8.3 7.3 Be? 53 39 Bi214 10.9 7.2 Note: ND = Not detected. ------- Table 6 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation February 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock AZ: Phoenix CA: Berkeley CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Jacksonville FL: Miami HI: Honolulu IA: Iowa City ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls MN: Minneapolis MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington ND: Bismarck NJ: Trenton NY: Albany NY: Yaphank OH: Paine sville OR: Portland PA: Harrisburg SC: Barnwell SC: Columbia TN: Nashville Gross Beta Activity pCi/L ±2u 0.68 4.57 2.04 0.39 5.52 1.53 1.21 1.63 1.02 1.26 0.48 8.07 1.71 0.18 2.62 1.44 6.14 1.91 2.06 2.81 0.69 2.96 7.37 1.60 1.40 1.41 0.27 0.53 0.39 0.25 0.56 0.33 0.32 0.37 0.30 0.32 0.26 0.67 0.36 0.25 0.41 0.35 0.61 0.36 0.38 0.42 0.30 0.45 0.63 0.35 0.33 0.33 Specific Gamma Activity Nuclide pCi/L ± 2u Pb212 Be7 Pb212 Be7 Pb212 Pb212 Be7 Pb212 Be7 Be7 Bi214 Pb212 T1208 Be7 Be7 Be7 Be7 Pb212 T1208 Be7 Pb212 Be7 Pb212 T1208 Be7 Be7 ND 4.7 ND ND 85 8.4 49 4.2 ND ND ND 5.0 ND ND ND ND 47 3.2 34 30 14.3 2.6 1.6 37 93 63 67 5.0 2.7 68 5.6 ND 47 3.0 2.2 49 56 6.5 36 6.7 24 5.0 7.2 28 5.3 25 21 5.1 4.7 2.8 33 33 29 40 6.9 2.4 34 6.4 26 5.0 3.3 37 30 Note: ND = Not detected. 10 ------- Table 6 (continued) Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation February 1996 Location UT: Salt Lake City VA: Lynchburg WA: Olympia Gross Beta Activity pCi/L ±2u 1.49 0.35 2.14 0.39 0.70 0.28 Specific Gamma Activity Nuclide pCi/L ± 2u Be? 38 21 ND Be? 30 30 Note: ND = Not detected. 11 ------- Table 7 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation March 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock CA: Berkeley CO: Denver CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Jacksonville FL: Miami HI: Honolulu IA: Iowa City ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls MN: Minneapolis MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington ND: Bismarck NJ: Trenton NY: Albany NY: Yaphank OH: Paine sville OR: Portland PA: Harrisburg Gross Beta Activity pCi/L ±2u 1.05 2.09 0.46 1.93 2.49 2.30 1.19 2.20 0.40 1.69 2.28 4.99 2.17 0.74 1.31 0.81 18.7 1.29 1.14 2.52 2.89 0.94 2.36 0.28 0.37 0.26 0.36 0.38 0.36 0.30 0.39 0.24 0.34 0.38 0.52 0.38 0.27 0.30 0.26 1.0 0.30 0.29 0.37 0.41 0.29 0.36 Specific Gamma Activity Nuclide pCi/L ± 2u Be7 Be7 Bi214 Be7 T1208 Be7 Bi214 Pb212 Pb212 Be7 Bi214 Pb214 Pb212 T1208 Be7 Pb212 T1208 Be7 Pb212 Pb212 Be7 Bi214 Be7 Pb214 Be7 K40 Be7 K40 Pb212 Be7 51 ND ND ND 64 15.6 40 2.8 37 6.2 3.0 ND 3.8 167 11.4 7.8 5.3 3.3 ND 75 7.7 4.2 ND 58 2.8 4.7 82 5.3 38 7.0 ND 33 45 56 24 3.8 52 32 33 6.5 26 3.3 40 5.8 5.1 4.1 35 4.9 5.0 7.4 2.2 40 4.8 3.0 26 4.9 5.0 39 6.1 30 4.9 35 54 41 43 6.4 29 Note: ND = Not detected. 12 ------- Table 7 (continued) Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation March 1996 Location SC: Barn-well SC: Columbia TN: Nashville TX: Austin UT: Salt Lake City VA: Lynchburg WA: Olympia WI: Madison Gross Beta Activity pCi/L ±2u 0.86 0.27 1.70 0.33 0.75 0.26 4.29 0.49 1.07 0.29 0.90 0.29 1.82 0.33 3.00 0.42 Specific Gamma Activity Nuclide pCi/L ± 2u ND ND ND Pb212 2.9 5.4 ND ND Be7 87 46 T1208 1.9 3.2 Note: ND = Not detected. 13 ------- Table 8 Tritium in Precipitation January - March 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock AZ: Phoenix CA: Berkeley CO: Denver CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Jacksonville FL: Miami HI: Honolulu IA: Iowa City ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls MN: Minneapolis MN: Welch MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington ND: Bismarck NJ: Trenton NY: Albany NY: Yaphank OH: Painesville OH: Toledo OR: Portland PA: Harrisburg SC: Barnwell SC: Columbia TN: Knoxville TN: Nashville TX: Austin UT: Salt Lake City VA: Lynchburg WA: Olympia WI: Madison January 1996 pCi/L ±2u -49 71 -39 72 NS -31 72 1 74 -26 71 -7 72 22 72 -1 71 -7 74 -51 72 -38 72 7 73 12 74 26 74 10 71 38 73 10 72 -57 71 12 73 -4 72 34 74 20 73 -19 73 -9 73 -6 72 142 79 10 72 -55 71 30 72 NS -4 73 -30 70 -84 70 -16 72 February 1996 pCi/L ±2u -59 72 47 71 -17 69 25 71 NS -35 72 -4 73 -25 73 -42 72 35 71 -17 69 32 71 91 73 42 71 NS -19 73 -26 73 -51 72 29 71 -3 74 -10 73 -43 72 -3 74 NS -16 69 -22 73 -30 73 143 79 NS -68 71 NS 55 72 -69 71 0 70 NS March 1996 pCi/L ±2u -39 73 -19 73 NS 7 74 0 74 0 75 -3 74 -35 73 -66 72 -19 73 -17 73 3 74 -23 73 -22 73 NS -58 72 -3 74 -3 75 9 75 -25 74 -3 75 -1 74 -30 73 NS -53 72 -9 74 62 76 -36 73 NS -20 74 3 74 47 76 -36 73 -35 72 -30 74 Note: NS = No sample. 14 ------- Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates and Precipitation Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are determined by the analysis of annually composited samples (air filters) collected from the continuously operating airborne particulate samplers. Concentrations of plutonium-23 8, combined plutonium-239 and 240, and uranium-234,235, and 238 are determined by alpha spectrometry following chemical separation. The volume of air represented by the annual composite ranges from 120,000 to 500,000 cubic meters. Plutonium and uranium results are published when they become available. 15 ------- 16 ------- 2. Water Program The ERAMS water program provides data on radionuclide concentrations in the nation's rivers, streams, and drinking water supplies. Surface Water Quarterly grab samples are taken downstream from operating or future nuclear facilities at 58 stations. Surface water samples are analyzed for tritium quarterly and gamma-emitting radionuclides annually. Tritium is a primary potential radioactive pollutant from nuclear power plants and weapons production activities. 17 ------- Table 9 Tritium in Surface Water January - March 1996 Location AL: Decatur AL: Gordon AL: Scottsboro AR: Little Rock CA: Clay Station CA: Diablo Canyon CA: Eureka CA: San Onofre CO: Platteville CT: E. Haddam CT: Waterford FL: Crystal River FL: Ft. Pierce FL: Homestead GA: Baxley IA: Cedar Rapids IL: Morris IL: Zion KS: Le Roy LA: New Orleans MA: Plymouth MD: Conowingo MD: Lusby ME: Wiscasset MI: Charlevoix MI: Monroe MN: Monticello MN: Red Wing MS: Port Gibson NC: Charlotte NC: Southport NE: Rulo NJ: Bayside NJ: Oyster Creek NV: Boulder City NY: Chelsea NY: Croton-On-Hudson NY: Oswego OR: Bradwood PA: Danville Source Tennessee River Chattahoochee River Tennessee River Arkansas River Folsom S. Canal Pacific Ocean Humboldt Bay Pacific Ocean South Platte River Connecticut River Long Island Sound Gulf Of Mexico Atlantic Ocean Biscayne Bay Altamaha River Cedar River Illinois River Lake Michigan Neosho River Mississippi River Cape Cod Bay Susquehanna River Chesapeake Bay Montseway Bay Lake Michigan Lake Erie Mississippi River Mississippi River Mississippi River Catawba River Atlantic Ocean Missouri River Delaware River Oyster Creek Colorado River Hudson River Hudson River Lake Ontario Columbia River Susquehanna River Date Collected 01/18/96 01/09/96 01/17/96 01/25/96 01/30/96 01/02/96 01/25/96 03/30/96 01/24/96 03/14/96 03/14/96 01/29/96 01/31/96 02/14/96 01/09/96 01/24/96 03/19/96 02/15/96 01/04/96 01/22/96 02/27/96 02/06/96 01/30/96 02/08/96 01/25/96 01/25/96 02/20/96 02/12/96 01/23/96 01/29/96 02/15/96 01/23/96 01/23/96 01/24/96 03/15/96 01/25/96 01/25/96 02/21/96 03/11/96 02/07/96 3H pCi/L ±2u 50 74 22 79 34 74 20 100 230 120 -19 77 0 110 0 75 82 82 40 71 286 78 -60 110 -60 120 248 82 70 82 36 81 278 80 95 82 -14 77 -16 72 -27 72 60 110 0 110 1 71 107 83 110 110 -14 72 -4 72 26 73 500 130 -65 70 46 81 20 73 21 80 96 73 170 120 150 120 142 78 -13 73 46 73 18 ------- Table 9 (continued) Tritium in Surface Water January - March 1996 Location PA: Philadelphia PA: Philadelphia PA: Philadelphia SC: Allendale SC: Broad River SC: Hartsville TN: Daisy TN: Kingston TN: Oak Ridge TX: El Paso TX: Matagorda VA: Doswell VA: Newport News WA: Northport WA: Richland WI: Two Creeks WI: Victory WV: Wheeling Source Delaware River - Baxter Schuylkill River - Belmont, Pa Schuylkill River - Queen Lane Savannah River Broad River Lake Robinson Tennessee River Clinch River Clinch River Rio Grande Colorado River North Anna River James River Columbia River Columbia River Lake Michigan Mississippi River Ohio River Date Collected 02/09/96 02/09/96 02/09/96 01/04/96 01/24/96 01/23/96 01/22/96 01/25/96 02/19/96 02/13/96 01/08/96 01/04/96 01/17/96 02/14/96 01/25/96 02/20/96 01/08/96 01/24/96 3H pCi/L ±2u 20 71 62 75 53 74 810 100 89 82 1750 120 52 77 880 110 412 92 -85 69 31 81 3970 170 49 75 -62 70 20 80 101 77 86 83 18 80 19 ------- Drinking Water This program monitors ambient radiation levels in drinking water at 78 sites. These data serve to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations, and to compare with standards set forth in the EPA "National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations." These regulations provide for approval of supplies when the combined radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not exceed 5 pCi/L, when the gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium) levels do not exceed 15 pCi/L, when tritium levels do not exceed 20,000 pCi/L, when the strontium-90 levels do not exceed 8 pCi/L, and when the gross beta levels do not exceed 50 pCi/L. Grab samples are taken at the 78 sites which are either major population centers or selected nuclear facility environs. The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross alpha, gross beta, strontium-90, and gamma on annual composites; (c) radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds 2 pCi/L and radium-228 if the radium-226 falls between 3 and 5 pCi/L; (d) specific iodine-131 on one quarterly sample per year for each station; and (e) an annual composite for plutonium-238, combined plutonium-239 and 240, and uranium-234, 235, and 238 for stations that demonstrate gross alpha levels greater than 2 pCi/L. 20 ------- Table 10 Tritium in Drinking Water January - March 1996 Location AK: Fairbanks AL: Dothan AL: Muscle Shoals AL: Scottsboro AR: Little Rock CA: Los Angeles CO: Denver CO: Platteville CT: Hartford DC: Washington DE: Dover FL: Miami FL: Tampa GA: Baxley GA: Savannah HI: Honolulu IA: Cedar Rapids ID: Boise ID: Idaho Falls IL: Morris IL: W. Chicago KS: Topeka LA: New Orleans MA: Lawrence MD: Baltimore MD: Conowingo ME: Augusta MI: Detroit MI: Grand Rapids MN: Minneapolis MN: Red Wing MO: Jefferson City MS: Jackson MS: Port Gibson MT: Helena NC: Charlotte NC: Wilmington NE: Lincoln NH: Concord NJ: Trenton Date Collected 01/22/96 01/10/96 01/18/96 01/17/96 01/25/96 01/23/96 01/25/96 01/24/96 01/24/96 01/26/96 01/23/96 01/23/96 01/23/96 01/09/96 03/19/96 01/16/96 01/23/96 01/22/96 02/22/96 01/22/96 01/30/96 01/22/96 01/24/96 03/01/96 01/22/96 02/06/96 01/29/96 01/22/96 02/16/96 02/20/96 02/26/96 01/24/96 01/24/96 01/23/96 03/20/96 01/29/96 02/01/96 01/23/96 01/22/96 01/22/96 3H pCi/L ±2u -1 -30 -18 39 -8 -56 57 -25 -17 26 -39 23 4 -30 -32 -89 15 -51 36 -114 0 -55 -25 20 -67 70 130 87 -22 52 -66 1 -29 -62 57 550 27 -7 -67 -58 75 76 71 73 79 73 82 71 72 81 71 80 72 74 68 68 73 73 76 70 110 73 71 75 72 110 110 78 72 75 70 72 71 72 71 120 74 72 73 73 21 ------- Table 10 (continued) Tritium in Drinking Water January - March 1996 Location NJ: Waretown NM: Santa Fe NV: Las Vegas NY: Albany NY: Niagara Falls NY: Syracuse OH: Cincinnati OH: Columbus OH: E. Liverpool OH: Painesville OH: Toledo OK: Oklahoma City OR: Portland PA: Columbia PA: Harrisburg PA: Philadelphia - Belmont PA: Philadelphia - Queen Lane PA: Pittsburgh PC: Corozal RI: Providence SC: Barnwell SC: Columbia SC: Jenkinsville SC: Seneca TN: Chattanooga TN: Knoxville TN: Oak Ridge - Anderson Co. #768 TN: Oak Ridge - Anderson Co. #772 TN: Oak Ridge - Knox Co. #371 TN: Oak Ridge - Roane Co. #360 TN: Oak Ridge - Roane Co. #4442 TX: Austin VA: Lynchburg WA: Richland WA: Seattle WI: Genoa City WI: Madison Date Collected 01/25/96 03/29/96 01/23/96 01/22/96 01/23/96 03/15/96 02/27/96 01/29/96 02/15/96 01/31/96 01/29/96 01/24/96 01/24/96 02/08/96 02/08/96 02/09/96 02/09/96 02/15/96 01/23/96 01/23/96 01/10/96 01/22/96 01/26/96 01/22/96 01/22/96 01/31/96 03/27/96 03/27/96 03/27/96 03/28/96 03/28/96 02/06/96 01/25/96 01/25/96 01/22/96 01/08/96 01/24/96 3H pCi/L ±2u -36 82 o -J 20 79 90 26 60 27 170 210 -28 -29 63 -29 39 17 -35 60 12 -71 17 44 6 -33 60 62 76 29 31 266 -42 70 0 -84 -1 -30 78 79 76 73 75 73 74 110 74 120 120 71 71 73 72 72 73 71 110 73 73 76 81 76 74 82 78 79 76 77 86 71 110 82 72 72 71 22 ------- 3. Milk Program Pasteurized Milk Milk is a reliable indicator of the general population's intake of radionuclides since it is consumed fresh by a large segment of the population and can contain several of the biologically significant radionuclides that result from environmental releases from nuclear activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain reliable monitoring data relative to current radionuclide concentrations and determine any long-term trends. Monthly samples are collected at approximately 55 sampling sites with at least one located in each state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal Zone. The samples are composited, according to production, from the major milk suppliers representing more than 80 percent of the milk consumed in a given population center. The samples are analyzed for gamma-emitting nuclides, including iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and potassium-40. Total potassium concentrations in g/L are determined from potassium-40 activities assuming natural isotopic abundances. All samples collected in July are analyzed for strontium-90. Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and potassium-40 are determined by gamma spectral analysis. Strontium-90 is determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate that has been chemically separated by ion exchange. 23 ------- Table 11 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk January 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock AZ: Phoenix CA: Los Angeles CA: Sacramento CA: San Francisco CO: Denver DE: Dover FL: Tampa GA: Atlanta HI: Honolulu IA: Des Moines IL: Chicago IN: Indianapolis KS: Wichita KS: Wichita KY: Louisville MA: Boston MD: Baltimore ME: Portland MI: Detroit MI: Grand Rapids MN: St. Paul MO: Kansas City MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte ND: Minot NJ: Trenton NM: Albuquerque NY: Buffalo NY: Syracuse OH: Cincinnati OH: Cleveland OR: Portland PA: Philadelphia PA: Pittsburgh PC: Cristobal PR: San Juan SC: Charleston Date Collected 01/09/96 01/08/96 01/23/96 01/17/96 01/17/96 01/04/96 01/22/96 01/30/96 01/23/96 01/09/96 01/29/96 01/22/96 01/04/96 01/09/96 01/22/96 01/23/96 01/17/96 01/09/96 01/19/96 01/11/96 01/17/96 01/08/96 01/03/96 01/23/96 01/08/96 01/09/96 01/17/96 01/10/96 01/23/96 01/16/96 01/16/96 01/16/96 01/23/96 01/09/96 01/17/96 01/03/96 01/25/96 01/19/96 01/11/96 K g/L ±2u 1.57 0.11 1.632 0.080 1.716 0.093 1.66 0.13 1.525 0.089 1.58 0.14 1.41 0.11 1.70 0.10 1.632 0.094 1.537 0.077 1.67 0.13 1.632 0.092 1.680 0.081 1.60 0.10 1.66 0.13 1.501 0.089 1.632 0.092 1.644 0.089 1.549 0.090 1.585 0.090 1.668 0.093 1.62 0.10 1.549 0.076 1.716 0.079 1.680 0.080 1.537 0.075 1.704 0.089 1.680 0.092 1.67 0.10 1.50 0.14 1.632 0.091 1.64 0.12 1.573 0.091 1.609 0.079 1.847 0.095 1.64 0.13 1.585 0.099 1.680 0.095 1.621 0.088 137Cs pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 6.3 2.5 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 4.8 2.3 ND ND 140Ba pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Blj pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Note: ND = Not detected 24 ------- Table 11 (continued) Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk January 1996 Location TN: Chattanooga TN: Knoxville TN: Memphis TX: Austin TX: Ft. Worth VA: Norfolk VT: Burlington WA: Seattle WA: Spokane Date Collected 01/04/96 01/07/96 01/30/96 01/24/96 01/17/96 01/26/96 01/31/96 01/16/96 01/18/96 K g/L ±2u 1.668 0.081 1.57 0.11 1.549 0.090 1.57 0.13 1.692 0.089 1.50 0.12 1.64 0.10 1.680 0.099 1.54 0.12 137Cs pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 140Ba pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Blj pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Note: ND = Not detected 25 ------- Table 12 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk February 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock CA: Los Angeles CA: Sacramento CA: San Francisco CO: Denver CT: Hartford DE: Wilmington FL: Tampa GA: Atlanta HI: Honolulu IA: Des Moines IL: Chicago IN: Indianapolis KS: Wichita KY: Louisville MA: Boston MD: Baltimore MI: Detroit MI: Grand Rapids MN: St. Paul MO: Kansas City MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte ND: Minot NJ: Trenton NM: Albuquerque NV: Las Vegas NY: Buffalo NY: Syracuse OH: Cincinnati OH: Cleveland OR: Portland PA: Pittsburgh PC: Cristobal PR: San Juan SC: Charleston TN: Chattanooga TN: Knoxville Date Collected 02/05/96 02/06/96 02/07/96 02/14/96 02/07/96 02/13/96 02/05/96 02/13/96 02/05/96 02/13/96 02/20/96 02/06/96 02/08/96 02/05/96 02/26/96 02/05/96 02/06/96 02/02/96 02/13/96 02/05/96 02/08/96 02/07/96 02/07/96 02/06/96 02/08/96 02/08/96 02/21/96 02/06/96 02/06/96 02/05/96 02/05/96 02/07/96 02/05/96 02/06/96 02/29/96 02/12/96 02/13/96 02/06/96 02/05/96 K g/L ±2u 1.58 0.13 1.501 0.089 1.692 0.093 1.632 0.081 1.632 0.088 1.585 0.090 1.561 0.087 1.466 0.075 1.656 0.089 1.53 0.10 1.716 0.091 1.67 0.11 1.597 0.090 1.585 0.080 1.632 0.090 1.56 0.12 1.680 0.090 1.537 0.089 1.561 0.076 1.63 0.11 1.64 0.10 1.55 0.10 1.549 0.082 1.704 0.093 1.585 0.090 1.656 0.080 1.549 0.080 1.454 0.086 1.70 0.14 1.656 0.067 1.585 0.090 1.64 0.14 1.63 0.13 1.561 0.093 1.45 0.11 1.728 0.093 1.74 0.10 1.58 0.12 1.632 0.094 137Cs pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 2.3 2.2 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 4.7 2.7 ND ND ND ND 140Ba pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Blj pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Note: ND = Not detected 26 ------- Table 12 (continued) Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk February 1996 Location TN: Memphis TX: Ft. Worth VA: Norfolk VT: Burlington WA: Seattle WA: Spokane WV: Charleston Date Collected 02/20/96 02/06/96 02/23/96 02/29/96 02/06/96 02/08/96 02/13/96 K g/L ±2u 1.632 0.067 1.525 0.074 1.656 0.091 1.656 0.092 1.489 0.089 1.63 0.10 1.69 0.12 137Cs pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 140Ba pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Blj pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Note: ND = Not detected 27 ------- Table 13 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk March 1996 Location AL: Montgomery AR: Little Rock AZ: Phoenix CA: Los Angeles CA: Sacramento CA: San Francisco CO: Denver DE: Wilmington FL: Tampa GA: Atlanta HI: Honolulu IA: Des Moines IL: Chicago IN: Indianapolis KS: Wichita KY: Louisville MA: Boston MD: Baltimore MI: Detroit MI: Grand Rapids MN: St. Paul MO: Kansas City MS: Jackson NC: Charlotte ND: Minot NJ: Trenton NM: Albuquerque NV: Las Vegas NY: Buffalo NY: Syracuse OH: Cincinnati OH: Cleveland OR: Portland PA: Philadelphia PA: Pittsburgh PC: Cristobal PR: San Juan SC: Charleston SD: Rapid City Date Collected 03/07/96 03/13/96 03/20/96 03/12/96 03/26/96 03/05/96 03/18/96 03/15/96 03/04/96 03/12/96 03/22/96 03/04/96 03/14/96 03/04/96 03/18/96 03/05/96 03/08/96 03/01/96 03/13/96 03/04/96 03/04/96 03/06/96 03/04/96 03/05/96 03/20/96 03/06/96 03/12/96 03/11/96 03/05/96 03/04/96 03/21/96 03/04/96 03/04/96 03/04/96 03/05/96 03/14/96 03/08/96 03/05/96 03/06/96 K g/L ±2u 1.561 0.081 1.45 0.10 1.621 0.081 1.54 0.14 1.632 0.068 1.63 0.12 1.585 0.088 1.573 0.080 1.740 0.093 1.525 0.079 1.621 0.080 1.728 0.094 1.585 0.079 1.752 0.094 1.68 0.12 1.61 0.10 1.597 0.081 1.63 0.11 1.609 0.089 1.632 0.092 1.61 0.12 1.61 0.14 1.573 0.081 1.60 0.14 1.632 0.089 1.680 0.092 1.64 0.15 1.811 0.094 1.621 0.081 1.680 0.092 1.48 0.14 1.597 0.086 1.740 0.093 1.752 0.094 1.668 0.093 1.847 0.093 1.680 0.093 1.55 0.11 1.656 0.091 137Cs pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 4.5 2.7 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 5.5 2.5 ND ND ND 140Ba pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Blj pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Note: ND = Not detected 28 ------- Table 13 (continued) Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk March 1996 Location TN: Chattanooga TN: Chattanooga TN: Knoxville TN: Knoxville TN: Memphis TX: Ft. Worth VA: Norfolk VT: Burlington WA: Seattle WA: Spokane WV: Charleston Date Collected 03/11/96 03/29/96 03/11/96 03/29/96 03/18/96 03/06/96 03/26/96 03/22/96 03/04/96 03/11/96 03/04/96 K g/L ±2u 1.585 0.067 1.51 0.10 1.513 0.079 1.430 0.073 1.597 0.080 1.621 0.068 1.51 0.11 1.585 0.080 1.53 0.10 1.644 0.088 1.53 0.14 137Cs pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 140Ba pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Blj pCi/L ±2u ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND Note: ND = Not detected 29 ------- 30 ------- For More Information Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is published quarterly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air. Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS and the data that are generated should be directed as follows: For System Operations For Analytical Information and Data- Rhonda Sears John Griggs National Air and Radiation Environmental National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory Laboratory 540 South Morris Avenue 540 South Morris Avenue Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601 Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601 e-mail: sears.rhonda@epa.gov e-mail: griggs.john@epa.gov Requests for information concerning publication and distribution of ERD should be directed to: Charles M. Petko Office of the Director National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory 540 South Morris Avenue Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601 e-mail: petko.charles@epa.gov Requests for information concerning policies of the Office of Radiation and Indoor Air should be directed to: William C. Conklin USEPA - ORIA Center for Emergency Preparedness and Clean Materials Radiation Protection Division (MC66085) 501 Third Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001 e-mail: conklin.craig@epa.gov *** ------- (This page intentionally left blank) ------- |