Providing Safe  Drinking
                    Water in America
           2011 National Public Water Systems
                       Compliance Report
2011 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report 2011  National Public Water Systems
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Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201 A)
Washington, DC 20460

EPA DOCUMENT 305R13002
December 17, 2013

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              2011 National Public Water Systems
                      Compliance Report
                 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary.

Introduction	
Part 1. Summary of Compliance and Enforcement at Public Water Systems
throughout the U.S., including those in Indian Country
	  8

Part 2. Summary of Compliance, Enforcement, and Financial Assistance at
Public Water Systems in Indian Country	 14

Part 3. Conclusions and Recommendations	 20
APPENDIX A

Glossary of Terms

APPENDIX B
Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports

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                    2011 National Public Water Systems
                                 Compliance Report
Executive Summary
The United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is directed by the Safe Drinking Water
Act (SDWA) to annually report on public water system (PWS) compliance in the United States. To meet
this requirement, EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) publishes the annual
National Public Water Systems Compliance Report (Report) summarizing the incidence of significant
violations, which include all health-based violations and a subset of other violations, as shown in Table
A-l. The Report for 2011 documents that, while the majority of the U.S. population served by PWSs
receives safe drinking water, many PWSs incurred significant violations of federal drinking water quality
standards. The number of PWSs with significant violations decreased from 39,716 in 2010 to 37,631 in
2011.

In December 2011, there were 151,739 active1 PWSs in the U.S. serving over 318 million users. Small
PWSs2 comprise the vast majority of all these systems. Noncompliance occurs more frequently at smaller
PWSs because they often have fewer resources to  operate and maintain compliance. For this reason, EPA,
states, and other organizations provide significant resources to small PWSs to build their capacity to
properly finance, operate, and maintain their drinking water systems. Among other mechanisms to
support small PWSs, EPA provides funds through the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund and the
Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) program for third-party technical assistance providers, and
maintains multiple, free online financial and technical websites, tools and resources.

Overall Compliance Is Improving

EPA tracks compliance at PWSs in different ways and for different purposes. For purposes of this report,
EPA tracks compliance in two ways: 1) the number of PWSs with significant violations3 reported to EPA
by primacy agencies each year (that is, any health-based violation or certain monitoring and reporting
violations where the facility fails to report water sampling results); and 2) the number of PWSs classified
as being priorities for enforcement (that is, they have serious, repeated or continuing violations that make
them a priority, as defined by the 2009 SDWA Enforcement Response Policy).

The number of PWSs with significant violations (i.e., health-based, certain monitoring and reporting, or
certain notification violations) reported to EPA each year decreased incrementally between 2007 and
2011. The most frequently reported violations continue to be monitoring and reporting violations. PWSs,
especially smaller ones, often lack the managerial capacity to ensure that monitoring and reporting
schedules are followed. Failure to monitor or report is serious because it means that PWS operators,
regulators and consumers do not know whether drinking water standards are being met.
1 Active PWSs are defined as those PWSs that have operated for some period in the calendar year. This would
include PWSs that are only operating during part of the year, such as summer campgrounds.
2 Small systems are defined in some contexts as serving 3,300 or fewer customers, and in others as serving 10,000 or
fewer. For purposes of this report, references to small systems always refer to those serving 3,300 or fewer. In other
EPA documents small systems may be further categorized into very small systems as those serving 500 or fewer
customers.
3 Details concerning significant violations can be found in Appendix A in Table A-l.

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Beginning in 2010, EPA established a water system-based approach to addressing noncompliance with
federal requirements in accordance with the revised Enforcement Response Policy (ERP) issued on
December 8, 2009. This policy instituted a process for prioritizing systems for enforcement based on the
number and types of violations at each system. Using this approach, all violations at a priority system are
to be addressed in a timely manner in a joint response by the primacy agency. This approach returns
systems to full compliance more efficiently than under the previous rule-by-rule approach, where
incidences of significant noncompliance were likely addressed under separate responses focusing on
violations under an individual rule. For more information on the 2009 ERP, see
http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/documents/drinking  water erp  2009.pdf

The number of PWSs classified as priorities for enforcement at some time during the calendar year
decreased from 13,468 (9 percent of all systems) in 2010 to 8,172 (5 percent) in 2011. Primacy agencies
made progress in addressing a backlog of noncompliance through compliance assistance and enforcement
actions, while reporting those activities into the national data system.

Compliance and Enforcement at PWSs in U.S., Including Indian Country

Primacy agencies reported that approximately 25 percent of all PWSs in the U.S. had at least one
significant violation in 2011. This rate is slightly lower than the rates reported in previous years. The data
submitted by primacy  agencies indicate that six percent of all PWSs in the U.S. serving approximately
18.7 million consumers had violations of health-based standards in 2011, while significant monitoring
and reporting violations were reported for about 15 percent of all PWSs. In 2011, EPA and primacy
agencies initiated 7,846 enforcement actions4 in response to drinking water violations at PWSs in their
jurisdictions. The enforcement actions counted in this report are a subset of all possible enforcement
actions, which include some formal enforcement actions and other actions that may return a system to
compliance.

Compliance and Enforcement in Indian Country

In 2011, 985 PWSs  served over 1.2 million consumers in Indian country. EPA regions and the Navajo
Nation5 reported that approximately 42 percent of all PWSs in Indian country had at least one significant
violation in 2011. This rate of significant violations is lower than in 2010 and represents a downward
trend since 2007. EPA regions and the Navajo Nation reported that 11 percent of PWSs in Indian country
(serving 143,997 consumers) had health-based violations, while 34 percent of PWSs in Indian country
had significant monitoring and reporting violations. In 2011, EPA and the Navajo Nation took 44
enforcement actions in Indian country.

The PWSs in Indian country consist mainly of smaller PWSs, many of which may face significant
financial and technical challenges in complying with National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
(NPDWRs). EPA devotes considerable financial and staff resources to improve compliance in Indian
country, as discussed in more detail in this report.
4 For purposes of this report, enforcement actions include a variety of administrative, civil and criminal actions, and
other actions that primacy agencies use to address violations.
5 The Navajo Nation has primacy for most, but not all, public water systems that are located on Navajo
Reservations.  Throughout this report references to the Navajo Nation relate only to those public water systems
where they maintain primacy.

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Source and Quality of Data Used for this Report

The data summarized in this report are housed in the Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal
Version (SDWIS/FED). PWSs are required to sample and test their water and report the results to the
agency with primacy for implementing SDWA -either the state or territory in which the system is located,
the Navajo Nation for most of the Navajo Reservation, or to EPA if the system is in Indian country. The
primacy agency reviews the test results and other required reports and determines whether a violation has
occurred. The primacy agency is required by EPA to report all violations and enforcement data into
SDWIS/FED; a finding of compliance is not required to be reported to EPA.
Over the past decade, EPA has evaluated state and EPA regional programs' data quality by conducting
data verification audits and national data quality assessments, comparing primacy agencies' files and
records with information in SDWIS/FED to verify accuracy, completeness and whether appropriate
compliance determinations are made (that is, in accordance with federal regulations). These audits and
assessments have shown that violation data are incomplete. EPA and primacy agencies are currently
working together to devise a modern data system that will be instrumental in  improving data accuracy and
completeness.

In light of known underreporting, EPA recognizes that the findings in this report likely underestimate the
actual level of noncompliance at PWSs in 2011. EPA continues to work with its state and tribal partners
to identify and resolve problems that may have produced data discrepancies in the past and to ensure that
complete and accurate documentation is available to help assess the safety of the nation's drinking water.

Recommendations

1.     Continue to Improve Compliance Rates

States, territories, the Navajo Nation, and EPA should continue working together to return violating
PWSs to compliance as efficiently and effectively as possible. Pursuing the more holistic, systems-based
approach to addressing noncompliance is an important element of improving  performance among PWSs.

2.     Improve Data Quality

Data quality improvement must remain a high priority for EPA and the primacy agencies. Primacy
agencies must provide complete and accurate data to the public and to EPA. Without high quality data
from primacy agencies, EPA cannot fulfill its responsibility  to fully assess the state of compliance of the
nation's PWSs and to communicate to the public, Congress and other oversight bodies.

3.     Continue to Implement the 2009 Enforcement Response Policy

Primacy agencies will continue to pursue enforcement actions against violating public water systems,
including those in Indian country, both to expeditiously return violations to compliance and to deter
future violations. EPA and primacy agencies will continue to implement the ERP and provide training
and support as needed.

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4.      Continue to Develop Capacity at Smaller Public Water Systems

EPA will continue its efforts to support PWSs serving 10,000 or fewer consumers through the capacity
development program. Recognizing the challenges facing these drinking water systems, EPA provides
tools and assistance for capacity development, which refers to the technical, financial and managerial
capacity of a system to provide safe drinking water. The program also provides information about
treatment technology options for small systems.

5. Continue to Increase Transparency of Data

EPA believes that raising the public's awareness of the violations at PWSs will encourage PWSs to
improve their compliance. In addition to the information in this report, data on the numbers and types of
PWSs, populations served, source water, violations, enforcement actions and more are presented in
various other formats on EPA's public website at the following URLs:

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/howtoaccessdata.cfm
http://www.epa.gov/enviro/
http://www.epa-otis.gov/echo/compliance  report sdwa.html

Readers should be aware that data in these  reports and others using SDWIS data may differ somewhat,
depending on the specific queries and dates of information used to generate each report.

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        2011 National Public Water Systems Compliance Report

Introduction

Purpose of Report

This annual National Public Water Systems Compliance Report summarizes and evaluates annual reports
submitted by primacy agencies6 regarding compliance at public water systems (PWSs) of all types and
sizes in the U.S. in calendar year 2011. The information in this report summarizes PWS noncompliance
with the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) at the national and state levels and
does not provide information about specific water systems. This report is compiled annually as required
by Section 1414(c)(3)(B) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SOW A). The report includes the following:

•   Part 1: Summary of Compliance and Enforcement at PWSs throughout the U.S (including those in
    Indian Country)
•   Part 2: Summary of Compliance, Enforcement, and Financial Assistance at PWSs in Indian Country
•   Part 3: Conclusions and Recommendations
•   Appendices: Glossary of Terms and Summaries of State Annual Compliance Reports

Scope of Report

This report discusses the incidence of significant violations at PWSs (see Table A-l in Appendix A) as
defined by the SDWA, occurring between January 1 and December 31, 2011, including:

•   All violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of Maximum Contaminant Levels
    (MCLs) and Maximum Residual Disinfectant Levels (MRDLs) along with violations of treatment
    technique (TT) requirements;
•   Significant notification violations (i.e., complete failure to provide required notification); and
•   Significant monitoring and reporting violations (e.g., where a PWS did not take a sample or failed
    to report results during a compliance period.).

A PWS is a system that provides water for human consumption, if such system has at least 15 service
connections  or regularly serves at least 25 individuals at least 60 days out of the year. EPA does not have
the authority to regulate private drinking water wells that do not meet the above criteria. Therefore, data
in this report are for PWSs only.

For purposes of this  report, small systems are defined as those serving up to 3,300 customers. PWS size is
generally related to a system's ability to maintain or return to compliance following a violation of a
NPDWR. In general, large PWSs have greater capacity to maintain compliance than small systems and
can return to compliance more quickly than small systems. This disparity is often the result of differences
in financial,  administrative, and technical capacity between large and small systems. Small PWSs have a
smaller customer base to support purchase and installation of needed infrastructure and to operate and
6 Federal approval to implement the drinking water program is called primary enforcement authority, or "primacy."
The term "primacy agency" includes 55 states, commonwealths, and territories that have been approved to
implement the drinking water program within their jurisdictions. It also includes the Navajo Nation, which has
primacy for most, but not all, PWSs that are located on Navajo lands. When this report mentions PWSs in the
Navajo Nation, it refers to those PWSs for which the Navajo Nation exercises primacy. During calendar year 2011,
EPA directly implemented the drinking water program in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and throughout all of
Indian country, except for those PWS's under Navajo Nation primacy.  EPA is responsible for submitting violation
information into SDWIS for the areas where the Agency directly implements the program

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maintain the system. Similarly, small PWSs may be unable or unwilling to charge users rates sufficient to
cover the true cost of collecting, treating, and distributing the water. Lack of funding may cause small
PWSs to delay needed capital improvements. Small PWSs (particularly non-community water systems)
are often overseen by part-time administrators who are not environmental professionals, and the pay for
the system operators may not be adequate to attract and keep someone with the necessary training and
skills. If there are violations, small PWSs may not have the technical capabilities to correct the underlying
problems. Because of the relationship between system size and the ability to achieve and maintain
compliance, some of the findings in this report are discussed in terms of system size.

EPA's goal is to ensure that all citizens are provided with safe drinking water. EPA's Enforcement
Response Policy (ERP) for the Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Program under the SDWA
issued on December 8, 2009, recommends that formal enforcement action should be taken when
assistance or informal enforcement action does not effectively return a PWS to compliance in a timely
manner, regardless of the size, type, owner, operator or location of the system. The ERP establishes a
framework for prioritizing PWSs for  formal enforcement in order to ensure that those with the most
severe violations are addressed. Systems with the most serious violations or combination of frequent or
persistent violations are considered to be priorities for enforcement. When  determining if a PWS is an
enforcement priority, the ERP  considers all unresolved violations within the past five years. The ERP
provides that all violations at a PWS be addressed by response action, thus returning the PWS to
compliance more quickly than was previously done. This practice began in  2006 on an ad-hoc basis and
triggered a decline in the number of PWSs prioritized for enforcement. With the inclusion of this
provision in the 2009 ERP, EPA expects this decline to continue. Data for 2011 confirms this expectation.

Source and Quality of Data

This report is based on violation types shown in Table A-l (Appendix A) that occurred during calendar
year 2011. EPA acknowledges that the data summarized in this report are incomplete. The data are
housed in the Safe Drinking Water Information System/Federal Version (SDWIS/FED). PWSs are
required to take samples and test their water and report the results to their primacy agency—usually the
state in which the system is located, or to EPA if the system is in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, or
Indian country where a tribe does not have primacy. The primacy agency reviews the test results and
other required reports and determines whether a violation has occurred. The primacy agency is required
by EPA to enter all violation and enforcement data into SDWIS/FED; a finding of compliance is not
required to be entered into SDWIS/FED.

Over the past decade, EPA has evaluated state and regional programs' data quality by conducting data
verification audits and national data quality assessments. During these audits and assessments, EPA
compares primacy agency files and records to  information in SDWIS/FED to verify accuracy,
completeness and whether appropriate compliance determinations are made (that is, in accordance with
federal regulations). These audits and assessments have shown that data in SDWIS/FED were
incomplete; however, the health-based violation data that were present in the database were accurate.
Most of the missing data were  associated with violations that were either not recognized as, or were not
deemed to be, violations by primacy agencies. EPA and states have undertaken a number of activities to
improve data quality, and are now working together to build a modern data system that will be
instrumental in improving data accuracy and completeness.

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Part 1.  Summary of Compliance and Enforcement at PWSs
throughout the U.S.  (Including Those in Indian Country)

Inventory of Public Water Systems by Size

The number of PWSs operating in 2011 was 151,739, serving over 318 million consumers. The
proportion of small PWSs to the total number of PWSs remained consistent with previous years at 94
percent.
            PWSs in U.S. by Size
         Total Number of PWSs = 151,739
           3% 3%
                                  i Small

                                   Medium

                                   Large
                         94%
     Population Served by PWS Size
     U.S. Population Served = 318 million
                    12% of
                   population
                                                                            10% of
                                                                          population
 78% of
population
i Small

 Medium

 Large
Small PWSs comprise the vast majority of all PWSs, but they serve just 12 percent of all consumers. For
purposes of this report, small PWSs are defined as those serving 3,300 or fewer people. Small PWSs
include both community water systems (those systems that serve the same individuals year-round), as
well as non-community systems serving at least 25 people for at least 60 days per year. Some examples
of non-community systems include offices, schools, hospitals, gas stations and parks with their own
systems.  For discussion purposes, systems serving more than 3,300 customers (i.e., medium-sized to
large systems) are grouped together throughout this report.

PWSs with Significant Violations  of Any Type

In 2011, about 75 percent (114,108) of PWSs in the U.S., serving approximately  82 percent of the
population, had no significant violation of any type, as reported by primacy agencies7. Significant
violations include all violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of MCLs, MRDL and
violations of TT rules; certain notification violations (i.e., complete failure to provide required
notification); and certain monitoring and reporting violations (failure to sample or to report results during
a compliance period). Significant violations were reported for 37,631 PWSs in 2011, representing about
25 percent of all active PWSs. This rate continues the general decrease in significant violations between
2007 and 2011.
7 All references to populations served throughout this report are approximate, because most consumers receive
drinking water from more than one system (e.g., at home, at work, at parks or commercial establishments, etc.).
Therefore, adding the number of users of all system types would result in a number greater than the entire U.S.
population.

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PWSs with Health-Based Violations

Based on data reported by primacy agencies, 94 percent of PWSs (141,959) had no reported violations of
health-based standards. Conversely, 6 percent of PWSs (9,870) did have reported health-based violations.
These PWSs with reported health-based violations served approximately 18.7 million consumers in 2011.

EPA's health-based standards are designed to reduce or eliminate contaminants that can negatively
impact human health even with limited exposure. Health-based standards include MCLs, MRDLs, and
TTs.  An MCL is the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. An MRDL is the
highest level of a disinfectant that is allowed in the drinking water. A TT is a required treatment process
(such as filtration or disinfection) intended to prevent the occurrence of or deactivate a contaminant in
drinking water.  TTs are adopted where it is not economically or technologically feasible to monitor the
level of a contaminant, such as microbes, where even single organisms that occur unpredictably or
episodically can cause adverse health effects.

It is important to note that when a PWS violates a health-based standard, the consumers served by that
system may be at an increased risk of illness depending upon several factors, including the type  and
concentration of the contaminant  and the duration and the magnitude of the exceedance. PWSs that
exceed MCLs or MRDLs are required to notify their consumers about the possibility of these increased
health risks.

Public Water Systems with Significant Monitoring and Reporting Violations

If a system does not monitor the quality of its water, it is impossible for consumers and primacy agencies
to know whether the water being  served is meeting health-based standards. For this reason, a system's
failure to monitor and  report for an entire compliance period is a significant violation that must be
addressed and corrected. In 2011, primacy agencies reported significant monitoring and reporting
violations for about 15 percent of all PWSs (23,422). Approximately 55 percent of the 23,422 PWSs in
2011 had at least one violation of monitoring and reporting requirements of the Total Coliform Rule
(TCR). While this percentage is high, it should be noted that the likelihood of occurrence for this type of
violations is much higher than for other violations. Unlike the other NPDWRs, the TCR applies  to all
PWSs with many PWSs monitoring multiple times a year; thus increasing the likelihood of the primacy
agency reporting a TCR monitoring and reporting violation.

Contaminant-Related Violations Reported Most Frequently

In 2011, primacy agencies reported 17,458 health-based violations at 9,870 PWSs as well as 83,971
significant monitoring and reporting violations at 23,422 PWSs.  Monitoring  and reporting violations for
the Chemical Contaminant Group were the most frequent monitoring and reporting violations, at 58
percent. The higher frequency of monitoring and reporting violations for the Chemical Contaminant
Group is likely because a single monitoring sample may be used for various inorganic and organic
contaminants. Compliance with many organic and inorganic standards is determined on the basis of a
sample being analyzed for multiple contaminants, with one missed sample resulting in monitoring and
reporting violations for each of those contaminant standards.

The following graph shows the rates, by rule, at which significant violations were reported to have
occurred in 2011.  The rules or rule categories in the graph include:

•   Chem ~ Chemical Contaminant Group.  This category includes rules for  organic, synthetic organic,
    volatile organic, inorganic (except for lead and copper), and radioactive contaminants.
•   TCR - Total Coliform Rule

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    SWR (Surface Water Rules) ~ This category includes the long-term 1 enhanced surface water
    treatment rule (LT1ESWTR), surface water treatment rule (SWTR), interim enhanced surface water
    rule (IESWTR) and filter backwash recycling rule (FBRR).
    LCR ~ Lead and Copper Rule.
    DBPR ~ Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule.
    GWR - Ground Water Rule.
                   Significant Contaminant-Related Violations by Type - 2011
                             Number of Health-based Violations = 17,458
                        Number of Monitoring and Reporting Violations = 83,971
                      Chem
    TCR        LCR        SWR       DBPR

I Health-based     Monitoring and Reporting
As context for the total number of violations occurring in a year, it is important to note that PWSs are
subject to numerous rules and standards, depending on their size, type and source of water. A large
system may be required to sample as many as 480 times in one month under the TCR, with the potential
for 5,760 health-based violations in a year for that rule at that one  system. A small PWS may be required
to sample just once a month under the same rule. Similarly, failure to take one required sample that is
used to test for multiple contaminants results in separate monitoring and reporting violations for each
contaminant tested for in the sample.

PWSs with Violations of Variances or Exemptions

Under federal law, EPA and primacy agencies can grant variances or exemptions to PWSs in limited
circumstances allowing them to install alternative technology or giving them more time to meet a
standard if public health is adequately protected in the interim. Thirteen violations of variances or
exemptions were reported by primacy agencies during 2011.

Primacy Agencies and EPA Response to Violations

Assistance

State primacy agencies and EPA engage in a variety of compliance, financial and technical assistance
activities to help PWSs remain in and/or return to compliance.  These activities are often general and
ongoing, while others are targeted to specific systems or NPDWRs. Examples include:

•   Conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys at PWSs (e.g., an on-site review of the water sources,
    facilities, equipment,  operations, and maintenance to evaluate their adequacy in producing and
    distributing safe drinking water);  sanitary surveys are required to be conducted at community water
                                               10

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    systems every 3-5 years and non-community water systems every five years.
•   Helping PWSs identify and implement preventive measures.
•   Providing financial assistance for system improvements through the Drinking Water State Revolving
    Fund.
•   Reviewing water system plans and specifications.
•   Conducting training sessions.
•   Holding public information meetings.
•   Lending specialized monitoring equipment, such as handheld equipment.
•   Publishing information and providing training events and other educational opportunities.

PWSs often return to compliance on their own without assistance or other primacy agency response.

Informal Enforcement

When a drinking water violation is identified and a PWS does not resolve the violation on its own, or
compliance assistance does not return the violating system to compliance, EPA program implementation
guidelines direct the primacy agency to initiate an enforcement response.  Generally, the primacy
agency's first response to violations are informal enforcement actions such as field visits, reminder letters,
telephone calls, warning letters, and notices of violation.

Formal Enforcement

If a violation continues or recurs, the primacy agency must initiate a formal enforcement response that
requires the violating PWS to return to compliance under an enforceable timetable.  Formal enforcement
responses include citations, administrative orders with or without penalties, civil referrals to attorneys
general, or the U.S. Department of Justice, filing criminal charges, and other sanctions.  The timetable
establishes when a PWS must have taken all corrective actions needed to  return to compliance. This may
be years, particularly when new construction and/or equipment are needed to return a PWS to
compliance. If there is a risk to public  health, EPA and those entities with primacy, including the Navajo
Nation, can issue emergency orders in accordance with the authority under Section 1431 of the SDWA
that require the PWS to immediately take action to protect public health and return the system to
compliance.

Prioritization of Systems for Enforcement

Beginning in 2010, EPA and primacy agencies began implementing the revised ERP, which changed the
prioritization process to one that is more protective of public health. The  policy lays out expectations for
timely and appropriate enforcement response. All unresolved violations not already under formal
enforcement at each PWS are considered in the prioritization process. PWSs are then ranked according to
the seriousness of their violations, with acute health-based violations weighted most heavily. This
ranking allows primacy agencies to distinguish the systems with the most serious noncompliance and to
allocate enforcement resources accordingly.  This approach to prioritizing enforcement under the ERP
returns PWSs to full compliance more efficiently than under the  previous  rule-by-rule approach. Under
the rule-by-rule approach, incidences of significant noncompliance were determined separately for each
rule based upon the level  of noncompliance.  The enforcement action was  focused on the violations found
under that one rule. Therefore, the incidences of significant noncompliance were likely addressed under
separate responses focusing on violations under an individual rule, rather  than addressing violations
incurred by the PWS under all rules in  a joint enforcement response. More detail about the prioritization
and expectations for primacy agencies  can be found in the ERP on EPA's website at
http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/documents/drinking  water erp 2009.pdf
                                               11

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A decrease in the number of PWSs classified as priorities for enforcement was seen from 2010 to 2011.
About 5 percent (8,172 PWSs) of all PWSs were enforcement priorities at least once during 2011. This is
down from 9 percent (13,468 PWSs) of all PWSs in 2010. Approximately 2-4 percent of all PWSs were
enforcement priorities in any given quarter, as primacy agencies implemented the revised ERP.

In 2011, EPA and primacy agencies initiated 7,846 enforcement actions8 in response to drinking water
violations at PWSs in their jurisdictions.  The enforcement actions counted in this report are a subset of
all possible enforcement actions, which include some formal enforcement actions and other actions that
may return a system to compliance. Most of these actions were taken by states with primacy. EPA
retains primacy in Wyoming, the District of Columbia, and in Indian country, except for the Navajo
Nation.  EPA's actions were primarily in these areas where it has primacy. EPA may also initiate
enforcement actions in primacy states, often at a state's invitation.
State and EPA Enforcement* Actions at PWSs
10000
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NJ ^ en o
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O O O O C
2007-2011
8598


7619
5570
4254 4bU9

178 350 50 124
2007 2008 2009 2010
| States HEPA
* Enforcement actions counted in this report include a combination
227
— — 	 1
2011

of
administrative, civil and criminal actions and other actions needed to return a
PWS to compliance.

It is important to note that the number of enforcement actions in a year does not necessarily correlate with
the violations that are reported in the same year. Most violations are resolved without the need for
enforcement action of any kind.  Many enforcement actions are initiated against violations that occurred
in a previous year. One enforcement action may address numerous violations at the same system.  It is
also important to note that it may take several years for a system to return to full compliance once an
enforcement action is initiated, such as when new treatment technology must be financed, procured,
installed and brought online.
8 For purposes of this report, enforcement actions include a variety of administrative, civil and criminal actions, and
other actions that primacy agencies use to address violations.


                                               12

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Part 2.  Summary of Compliance, Enforcement, and Financial

Assistance at PWSs in Indian Country

Implementation of SDWA in Indian Country

Federally-recognized Indian tribes may apply for primacy to administer the drinking water program
provided they meet the requirements of Sections 1413 and 1451 of the SDWA. To date, only the Navajo
Nation has sought and received primacy for most PWSs on the Navajo Reservation. EPA administers the
drinking water program in the rest of Indian country.

The data presented in this section of the report are for PWSs in the Navajo Nation, and in Indian country
where EPA has primacy. The data includes PWSs on the Navajo Nation that are not under Navajo
primacy and PWSs in Indian country in Alaska. The state  of Alaska is the primacy agency with oversight
of PWSs for Alaska Native Villages. Similarly, this section excludes data for 18 PWSs serving Native
Americans that are located in Oklahoma. Information on these facilities can be found in the state reports
for Alaska and Oklahoma. However, the states do not separate tribal information from non-tribal
information in their state reports.

Inventory of PWSs by Size in Indian Country

In 2011, 985 PWSs served over 1.2 million users in Indian country.  Small PWSs comprised 91 percent of
all PWSs in Indian country serving approximately 41 percent of the people in Indian country who
received water from PWSs. This is in contrast to the U.S. as a whole where small PWSs comprise 94
percent of all PWSs and serve approximately 12 percent of all consumers. The percentage of small PWSs
in Indian country with violations is greater than the percentage of small PWSs outside of Indian country
with violations.
           PWSs in Indian Country
               by Size in 2011
           Total Number of PWSs = 985
                                  i Small

                                   Medium

                                   Large
                        91%
 Population Served in Indian
 Country by PWS Size in 2011
Total Population Served = 1,248,045
                                                  27%
                   41%  • Small

                          Medium

                          Large
                                                     32%
PWSs with Significant Violations of Any Type in Indian Country

In 2011, EPA and the Navajo Nation reported that 58 percent or 567 of the 985 PWSs in Indian country
for which they have primacy, serving approximately 812,643 consumers, had no significant violation of
any type. Conversely, 42 percent of PWSs had at least one significant violation reported, almost twice the
rate outside of Indian country (25 percent). The rate has been largely declining over the period for which
trends were calculated. Fluctuation from one year to the next occurs due to the large number of systems
                                            13

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and potential violations.  In addition, fluctuation may be due to the cyclical nature of the chemical
contaminant group monitoring requirements, which are on a three to nine-year schedule. The chemical
contaminant group consists of over seventy contaminants. To reduce the complexity of monitoring, EPA
developed the standardized monitoring framework outlining monitoring schedules covering three to nine
year periods. While the general decline in this rate since 2008 is important, EPA considers this percentage
of significant violations to be too high and that further actions are necessary to improve noncompliance.
Number and Percentage of PWSs with Significant Violations
in Indian Country
2007-2011
finn
cnn
(/, DUU
00
> /inn
q—
0 3nn

-------
Note that the total number of PWSs in the graph is greater than the 478 PWSs that violated at least one
NPDWR because some systems violated multiple NPDWRs.

PWSs with Health-Based Violations in Indian Country

Eleven percent of PWSs (110 systems) in Indian country had health-based violations in 2011. These
PWSs served twelve percent (143,997) of consumers in 2011.

PWSs with Significant Monitoring and Reporting Violations in Indian Country

If a PWS does not monitor the quality of its water, it is impossible to know if drinking water standards are
being met. For this reason, a PWS's significant failure to monitor and report is a major violation that must
be addressed and corrected.  Overall, the most frequently reported violations are significant monitoring
and reporting violations, both inside Indian country and outside. In 2011, 34 percent of PWSs (333
systems) in Indian country had significant monitoring and reporting violations.

Contaminant-Related Violations Reported Most Frequently in Indian Country

The most frequently reported contaminant-related violation among all PWSs in Indian country was
monitoring and reporting under the Chemical Contaminant Group (58 percent). Exceedances of the MCL
for the Chemical Contaminant Group were the most frequently reported health-based violations, making
up 44 percent of all health-based violations.
                         Significant Contaminant-Related Violations in
                                     Indian Country - 2011
                              Number of Health-based Violations = 250
                         Number of Monitoring and Reporting Violations = 1,662
          70%
        c ....         58%
        o 60%
       1 50%
                   Chem        TCR         LCR         SWR         DBPR        GWR

                              • Health-based     Monitoring and Reporting
PWSs with Violations of Variances or Exemptions in Indian Country

No violations of variances or exemptions were reported by the primacy agencies for Indian country
during 2011.

EPA Response to Violations in Indian Country

In 2011, EPA devoted significant financial and staff resources to improve compliance in Indian country.
The PWSs in Indian country consist mainly of smaller PWSs that face significant financial and technical
                                              15

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challenges in complying with NPDWRs.

Compliance Assistance for PWSs in Indian Country

Navajo Nation and EPA engage in a variety of compliance, financial and technical assistance activities to
help PWSs for which they have primacy remain in and/or return to compliance. These activities are often
generic and ongoing, while others are targeted to specific PWSs.  Examples include:

•   Conducting on-site visits and sanitary surveys at PWSs (e.g.,  an on-site review of the water sources,
    facilities, equipment, operations, and maintenance to evaluate their adequacy in producing and
    distributing safe drinking water; sanitary surveys are required to be conducted at community water
    systems every 3-5 years).
•   Helping PWSs identify and implement preventive  measures.
•   Providing financial assistance for system improvements through the Drinking Water State Revolving
    Fund tribal set-aside.
•   Conducting training sessions.
•   Holding public information meetings.
•   Lending specialized monitoring equipment, such as handheld equipment.
•   Publishing information and providing training events and other educational opportunities.

In many cases, EPA coordinates its assistance with other Federal agencies, including the U.S. Department
of Health and Human Service's Indian Health Service, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Rural Utility
Service, and the Department of the Interior's Bureau of Indian Affairs and Bureau of Reclamation. In
addition, EPA works with non-governmental organizations and inter-tribal consortia, including the Native
American Water Association, the National Rural Water Association,  and the Rural Community
Assistance Partnership to ensure compliance at PWS in Indian country.

PWSs often return to compliance on their own without assistance or other EPA and non-EPA responses.

Informal Enforcement for Violations in Indian Country

When a drinking water violation is identified and a PWS does not resolve its violation on its own, or
compliance assistance does not return the violating system to compliance, EPA's program
implementation guidelines direct the Agency to initiate an enforcement response. Generally, EPA's first
response to violations are informal actions such as field visits, reminder letters, telephone calls, warning
letters, and notices  of violation. If a PWS is owned or operated by a tribal government, EPA's
enforcement response is guided both by the SDWA and program implementation guidance and the "EPA
Policy for the Administration of Environmental Programs on Indian Reservations" and the  "Guidance on
the Enforcement Principles Outlined in the  1984 Indian Policy" (EPA Enforcement Principles). For more
information, see http://www2.epa.gov/enforcement/transmittal-final-guidance-enforcement-principles-outlined-
1984-indian-policv-january-17 and http://www.epa.gov/tp/pdf/indian-policv-84.pdf.

Formal Enforcement for Violations in Indian Country

If a violation continues or recurs at a PWS in Indian country, EPA or the Navajo Nation as the primacy
agency must initiate a formal enforcement response that requires the violating PWS to return to
compliance under an enforceable timetable. Formal enforcement responses include citations,
administrative orders with or without penalties, civil referrals to attorneys general or to the U.S.
Department of Justice, filing criminal charges, and other sanctions. The timetable establishes when a
PWS must have taken all corrective actions needed to  return to compliance.  This may be years,
particularly when new construction and/or equipment are needed to return a PWS to compliance.  If there
                                               16

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is risk to public health, EPA can issue emergency orders in accordance with the authority under Section
1431 of the SDWA that require the PWS to immediately take action to protect public health and return the
system to compliance. In 2011, EPA and the Navajo Nation took 44 enforcement actions in Indian
country9.

Prioritization ofPWSs in Indian Country for Enforcement

Beginning in 2010, EPA and the Navajo Nation began implementing the revised ERP in Indian country,
which changed the prioritization process to one that is more protective of public health. The policy also
lays out expectations for timely and appropriate enforcement response. All unresolved violations at each
PWS are considered in the prioritization process. Acute health-based violations are weighted most
heavily in the prioritization. All PWSs are ranked according to the severity of their unresolved violations.
This ranking allows primacy agencies to distinguish the PWSs with the most serious noncompliance and
to allocate enforcement resources accordingly. The ERP can be found on EPA's website at
http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/documents/drinking water erp 2009.pdf

About 19 percent (185) of all PWSs in Indian country were priorities for enforcement at least once during
2011. This is down from 24 percent in 2010. Approximately 10-14 percent of all systems  in Indian
country were priorities for enforcement in any given quarter.  These rates are more than twice those at
PWSs in the U.S. as a whole.

It is important to note that the number of enforcement actions in a year does not necessarily correlate with
the violations that are reported in the same year.  Most violations are resolved without the  need for
enforcement action of any kind.  Many enforcement actions are initiated against violations that occurred
in a previous year.  One enforcement action may address numerous violations at the same PWS.  It is
also important to note that it may take several years for a PWS to return to full compliance once an
enforcement action is initiated, such as when new treatment technology must be financed,  procured,
installed and brought online.

Financial Assistance for PWSs in Indian Country

EPA provides financial assistance to tribes to help build water system infrastructure and improve
compliance with SDWA.

From the national PWSS program's allotment for FY2011, EPA set aside $6,709,000 for activities in
Indian country. These funds are available to support tribes that have received primacy (currently only the
Navajo Nation), assist tribes with the development of primacy programs and individual components of
PWSS programs, and support direct implementation activities in Indian country where EPA is the
primacy agency. These funds are used for activities such as:

•   Providing technical assistance  to owners and operators of water systems.
•   Maintaining compliance data systems.
•   Compiling and analyzing compliance information.
•   Responding to  violations.
•   Conducting sanitary surveys.
9 For purposes of this report, enforcement actions include a variety of administrative, civil and criminal actions, and
other actions that primacy agencies use to address violations.
                                               17

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EPA distributes funds to improve the infrastructure of PWSs to achieve compliance. Each year, 2 percent
of the appropriation for the national Drinking Water State Revolving Fund program is set aside for
American Indian communities and Alaska Native Villages.  The FY 2011 set-aside totaled $19,261,000.
These funds are used for:

•   Distribution and transmission system improvements;
•   Community water system extensions;
•   Storage facilities;
•   Treatment improvements; and
•   Construction of new pump houses.
                                               18

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Part 3.  Conclusions and Recommendations

Compliance and Enforcement at U.S. Public Water Systems

The data reported by primacy agencies indicate that 75 percent of PWSs in the U.S. had no significant
violation of any type. Conversely, 25 percent of PWSs did have at least one significant violation. That
rate was slightly less than 26 percent of PWSs in 2010.

The data reported by primacy agencies indicate that 6 percent of PWSs, serving about 18.7 million
consumers, had violations of health-based standards in 2011.  EPA believes that these rates are too high
and that additional efforts are necessary to improve compliance.

In 2011, about 23,422, or 15 percent, of all PWSs had significant monitoring and reporting violations.
This was a decrease from 16 percent of all PWSs in 2010. Failure to monitor and report prevents PWSs,
regulators and consumers from knowing whether drinking water standards are being met.

EPA prioritized PWSs for enforcement based upon the revised Enforcement Response Policy (ERP).
From 2010 to 2011 the percentage of PWSs classified as priorities for enforcement decreased from 9
percent in 2010 to 5 percent in 2011.

Compliance and Enforcement at Public Water Systems in Indian Country

In 2011, primacy agencies reported that 42 percent of PWSs (418 systems) in Indian country had a
significant violation of some type. This rate has generally been declining  since 2007, ranging from 63-42
percent.

EPA regions and the Navajo Nation reported that 11 percent of the PWSs  in Indian country had health-
based violations and 34 percent had significant monitoring and reporting violations in 2011. This is of
concern because if a system does not monitor and report on the quality of its water, it is impossible to
know if health-based standards are being met. EPA is working to address these rates through effectively
implementing the 2009 ERP and OECA's Guidance on the Enforcement Principles Outlined in the 1984
Indian Policy. Consultation with tribes,  civil inspections  and enforcement activity should help to ensure
the same degree of protection of human health and  environmental protection in Indian country as
elsewhere in the U.S. About 19 percent  of all PWSs in Indian country were priorities for enforcement at
least once during 2011. Approximately 10-14 percent of all systems in Indian country were priorities for
enforcement in any given quarter. While improving, these rates are still too high. EPA will continue to
make improving PWS compliance in Indian country a high priority.
Conclusions

The rates at which significant violations occur, according to data provided by primacy agencies, have
shown a decrease from 2010 and generally over the five years for which trends were calculated. However,
EPA considers these rates to be too high, and that further actions are necessary to improve
noncompliance.

Since implementing the revised ERP in  2010, the number of PWSs that are priorities for enforcement
decreased from 9 percent to 5 percent of all PWSs.  This decrease reflects efforts on  the part of EPA and
states to provide assistance  and other informal means to prevent noncompliance, address violations in a
timely manner, and return violating PWSs to compliance as expeditiously as possible. Nevertheless, EPA
believes that violation rates are still too  high and that additional efforts are necessary to improve
compliance.
                                              19

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EPA recognizes that there are higher rates of significance noncompliance in drinking water systems in
Indian country than those outside of Indian country. EPA is increasing its efforts to prevent and address
noncompliance in Indian country in an effort to reduce the disparity.

Compliance statistics are based on violations reported by primacy agencies to SDWIS/FED.  EPA is
aware of inaccuracies and underreporting of some data in this system. EPA is working with primacy
agencies and internally to improve the quality of the data.

Recommendations

1.       Continue to Improve Compliance

States, territories, Navajo Nation, and EPA should continue working together and with the regulated
entities to return violating systems to compliance, as efficiently and effectively as possible. Pursuing the
more holistic, systems-based approach to addressing noncompliance in all primacy agencies is an
important element of improving performance among PWSs.

2.      Improve Data Quality

Data completeness and accuracy must remain a high priority for EPA and the primacy agencies. Without
high quality data from primacy agencies, EPA cannot fulfill its responsibility to fully assess the state of
compliance of the nation's PWSs and to communicate to the public, Congress and other oversight bodies.

Some of the next steps EPA, states, and the drinking water stakeholders have agreed to undertake include:

•   Providing online error reporting on EPA's ECHO (Enforcement and Compliance History Online,
    http://www.epa-echo.gov/echo/) website containing data on PWS compliance.
•   Encouraging states to issue regular reminders to water systems of their compliance monitoring
    schedules.
•   Negotiating grant conditions with several states to encourage them to follow quality assurance/quality
    control plans for drinking water violation data reported to EPA and address the differences in
    interpretation of the regulation.
•   Working with all states to implement the EPA Order CIO 2105.0 dealing with requirements for
    quality management systems.

3.       Continue to Implement the 2009 Enforcement Response Policy

Primacy agencies will continue to pursue enforcement actions against violating PWSs - including those in
Indian country - both to expeditiously return systems to compliance and to deter future violations. EPA
and primacy agencies will continue to implement the 2009 ERP, which has already decreased the number
of PWSs in significant noncompliance.

EPA will continue to work with primacy agencies as they implement the ERP by providing training and
support as needed.

4.       Continue to Develop Capacity at Smaller Public Water Systems

EPA will continue its efforts to support PWSs serving 10,000 or fewer consumers through the capacity
development program. Recognizing the challenges facing these drinking water systems, EPA provides
tools and assistance to develop system capacity (the technical, financial and managerial capacity of a
                                              20

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system to provide safe drinking water). The program also provides information about treatment
technology options for small systems. EPA's capacity development efforts include:

•   Numerous assistance activities, such as on-site visits and the distribution of easy-to-read guides and
    checklists.
•   The Local Government Environmental Assistance Network (LGEAN) website, a source of free
    information on current and developing SDWA requirements (as well as technical assistance, peer
    counseling, and financial guidance). LGEAN can be accessed at http://www.lgean.org or by calling
    toll-free 1-877-TO-LGEAN (865-4326).
•   The Financing for Environmental Compliance website providing financial and technical assistance
    resources to help communities create a plan to finance environmental capital assets. The website can
    be accessed at: http://www.epa.gov/compliance/assistance/financing/steps.
•   Tools and resources assisting small PWSs with implementing drinking water regulations and
    managing their PWSs while providing adequate public health protection can be accessed at
    http://water.epa.gov/tvpe/drink/pws/smallsvstems/index.cfm.

5.  Continue to Increase Transparency of Data

EPA believes that raising the public's awareness of the violations at PWSs will encourage PWSs to
improve their compliance.  In addition to the information in this report, data on the numbers and types of
PWSs, populations served, source water, violations, enforcement actions and more are presented in
various other formats on EPA's public website at the following URLs:

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/howtoaccessdata.cfm
http: //www .epa. gov/enviro/
http://www.epa-otis.gov/echo/compliance_report_sdwa.html

Readers should be aware that data in these reports and others using SDWIS/FED data may differ
somewhat, depending on the specific queries used to generate each report.
                                               21

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                                   Appendix  A

                                  Glossary of Terms
Administrative Order
Formal enforcement actions issued by EPA or a state requiring action to address noncompliance at a
public water system, usually by means of a compliance schedule with enforceable milestone dates.
Chemical Rules
Refers collectively to regulations that protect the public from unsafe levels of organic chemicals,
inorganic chemicals (including lead and copper), and radioactivity in drinking water.
Community Water System
A PWS that serves at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or regularly serves at least
25 year-round residents (e.g., homes, apartments and condominiums that are occupied year-round as
primary residences).
Consumer Confidence Rule (CCR)
Requires community water systems to prepare and provide to their consumers annual consumer
confidence reports on the quality of the water delivered by the systems.
Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Product Rule (DBPR)
Applies to community water systems and nontransient non-community systems, including those serving
fewer than 10,000 people that add a disinfectant to the drinking water during any part of the treatment
process. The Stage 1 DBPR specifically addresses risks associated with disinfectants and disinfection
byproducts. This rule was published concurrently with the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment
Rule (IESWTR), which addresses control of microbial pathogens.
Enforcement Response Policy (ERP)
On December 8, 2009, EPA issued the Public Water System Supervision Program Enforcement Response
Policy (ERP), which establishes a water system-based approach to defining, prioritizing, and addressing
noncompliance with federal requirements.  The ERP can be found on EPA's website at
http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/documents/drinking water erp 2009.pdf
Federally-recognized Indian Tribe
An Indian tribe, band, nation, pueblo, community, or Alaska Native Village that the Secretary of the
Interior acknowledges to exist as an Indian tribe pursuant to the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List
Act of 1994, 25 U.S.C. Section 479a. Maintained by the Department of the Interior, the list of federally-
recognized tribes is updated periodically and published in the Federal Register.  The latest list of federally-
recognized Indian tribes is available at 75 Federal Register (FR) 60810 (October 1, 2010).
Filter Backwash Recycling Rule (FBRR)

The FBRR requires PWSs that recycle to return specific recycle flows through all processes of the
system's existing conventional or direct filtration systems or at an alternative location approved by the
state.
                                             A-l

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Ground Water Rule (GWR)
The GWR establishes a risk-targeted approach to identify Ground Water Systems (GWSs) susceptible to
fecal contamination and requires corrective action to correct significant deficiencies and source water
fecal contamination in public GWSs.
Health-based Violation
A violation of a Maximum Contaminant Level, Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level, or a Treatment
Technique requirement.
Indian Country
Indian Country means a) all land within the limits of any Indian reservation under the jurisdiction of the
United States Government, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and, including rights-of-way
running through the reservation, (b) all dependent Indian communities within the borders of the United
States whether within the original or subsequently acquired territory thereof, and whether within or
without the limits of a state, and (c) all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to which have not been
extinguished, including rights-of-way running through the same.
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR)
Applies to PWSs using  surface water, or groundwater under the direct influence of surface water that
serve more than 10,000 persons. The rule also includes provisions for states to conduct sanitary surveys
for surface water PWSs regardless of system  size.
Large System
Large systems are those public water systems that serve  more than 10,000 people. For purposes of this
report, medium systems, which serve 3,301 to 10,000 people, are included in the discussions of large
systems.
Lead and Copper  Rule (LCR)
Requires a PWS to take steps to minimize the risk of exposure to lead and copper in drinking water by
monitoring for these contaminants, installing corrosion control where required, and, where necessary,
educating the public about ways to reduce exposure. A system may also be required to treat its source
water or replace lead service lines.
Maximum Contaminant Level
The maximum permissible level of a contaminant in water delivered to any user of a public water system.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level
The maximum permissible level of a residual disinfectant in water delivered to any user of a public water
system.
Medium System
Medium systems are those public water systems that serve 3,301 to 10,000 people.  For purposes of this
report, medium systems are included in the discussions of large systems.
Monitoring and Reporting Violation
Refers to either a violation of a monitoring and reporting schedule or a violation of contaminant-specific
minimum testing schedules and operational reporting requirements. Those monitoring and reporting
violations considered "significant" for the purposes of the state and national PWS compliance reports are
described below in Table A-l.
                                              A-2

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Non-transient Non-community Water System
A non-community PWS that regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons over six months per year. A
typical example of a non-transient non-community water system is a school or an office building that has
its own water source, such as a drinking water well.

Primacy
The SDWA requires EPA, states, and tribes to work as partners to ensure delivery of safe drinking water
to the public. Any state or Indian Tribe can request responsibility for operation and oversight of the
drinking water program within its borders. In order to receive this responsibility (called "primary
enforcement authority" or "primacy"), a state  or Tribe must show that, among other things, it has adopted
drinking water regulations that are at least as stringent as Federal regulations, and demonstrated its
capacity both to enforce those regulations and to implement other activities necessary to ensure
compliance.
In the absence of state or Tribal primacy, EPA assumes responsibility for administering the drinking
water program for that area. Of the 56 eligible States (defined to include Commonwealths, Territories,
and the District of Columbia), all but Wyoming and the District of Columbia have primacy. During
calendar year 2011, the EPA Regional Offices administered the drinking water program within these two
jurisdictions and on all Tribal lands, except for the Navajo Nation.
Public Notice (PN) Rule
The PN Rule requires  all PWSs to notify their consumers any time a PWS violated a national primary
drinking water regulation or has  a situation posing a risk to public health. Notices must be provided to
persons served (not just billing consumers).
Public Water System (PWS)
A system for the provision to the public of water for human consumption through pipes or other
constructed conveyances, if such system has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves at least 25
individuals at least 60  days out of the year. A public water system can be either a community water
system, a non-transient non-community water system, or a transient non-community water system.
Radionuclides
Radioactive particles,  such as radium-226, radium-228, gross alpha, and beta particle/photon
radioactivity, can occur naturally in water or may result from human activity. EPA has  established MCLs
for uranium, beta/photon emitters, alpha emitters,  and combined radium 226/228.

Significant Noncompliance
Violating PWSs identified as those that are the highest priority for enforcement. All unresolved
violations not already  under formal enforcement at each system are considered in the prioritization
process. Acute health-based violations are weighted most heavily in the prioritization with minor
violations weighted least.
Significant Violations
Significant violations include all violations of health-based standards, including exceedances of
Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs), Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL), and violations
of treatment technique rules; certain  notification violations (i.e., complete  failure to provide required
notification); and major monitoring and reporting violations (failure to sample or to report results during a
compliance period).
Small PWSs
Small systems, for purposes of this report, are those that serve no more than 3,300 people.
                                              A-3

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Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR)
The Surface Water Treatment Rule requires a public water system served by surface water or by
groundwater under the influence of surface water to take steps (such as disinfection, filtration followed by
disinfection, or watershed control) to reduce potential exposure to microbiological contamination.
Total Coliform Rule (TCR)
The Total Coliform Rule establishes limits on coliform bacteria in water distribution systems. Although
coliform bacteria, which are found  in decaying organic material and in the intestinal tract of humans and
animals, are usually not harmful to  human health, their presence may indicate the presence of other, more
dangerous microbial contamination.
Transient Non-community Water System
A non-community water system that does not regularly serve at least 25 of the same persons over six
months per year (Note - see 40 CFR  141.2). A typical example is a campground or a highway rest stop
that has its own water source, such  as a drinking water well.
Treatment Technique
In cases where EPA has determined it is not technically or economically feasible to establish an MCL, the
Agency can instead specify a treatment technique. These are treatment methods required by EPA to
minimize the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
Variances and Exemptions
A public water system that cannot comply with a drinking water standard because of poor source water
quality, or, in the case of small PWSs, inadequate financial resources,  can be granted a variance to
comply with less stringent, but still protective standards based on a specific EPA-approved technology
available to the system. An exemption allows a PWS with compelling circumstances (including
economic considerations) additional time to achieve compliance with applicable SDWA requirements, so
long as public health is adequately protected.
                                              A-4

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TABLE A-l: SIGNIFICANT MONITORING AND REPORTING VIOLATIONS FOR
          ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS
Rule
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Rule
Interim Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule/
Long Term 1 Enhanced
Surface Water Treatment
Rule
Lead and
Copper Rule
Violation Type
Major routine
Major repeat
Major (filtered)
Major (unfiltered)
Major
Major
Major
Major
Major
Major
Major
N/A
Initial lead and
copper tap
Follow-up or routine
lead and copper tap
Description
No samples collected during a compliance
period.
No follow-up samples collected after a positive
total coliform sample or no speciation.
Collected less than 90 percent of samples
required during a compliance period.
Collected less than 90 percent of samples
required during a compliance period.
Failure to produce and/or report to state
individual filter profile within 7 days of
exceedance (>0.5 NTU in 2 consecutive
measurements taken 15 minutes apart).
Failure to produce and/or report to state
individual filter profile within 7 days of
exceedance (>1.0 NTU in 2 consecutive
measurements taken 15 minutes apart).
Failure to conduct and/or report to state a self-
assessment of an individual filter within 14 days
of exceedance (>1.0 NTU in 2 consecutive
measurements taken 15 minutes apart in each of
3 consecutive months).
Failure to have a CPE conducted by state or third
party no later than 30 days after exceedance
(>2.0 NTU in 2 consecutive measurements taken
1 5 minutes apart in 2 consecutive months) and
have the CPE completed and submitted to the
state no later than 90 days following the
exceedance.
Failure to collect and report at least 90 percent of
required samples.
Failure to report that the system has conducted
all individual filter monitoring to the state within
10 days after the end of each month.
Failure to report that the system has exceeded 1 .0
NTU (or maximum set by state) in representative
samples by end of next business day.
Failure to maintain the results of individual filter
monitoring for at least 3 years.
Either failed to collect the initial tap samples,
and then failed to correct that omission within a)
3 months for large systems, b) 6 months for
medium systems or c) 12 months for small
systems; or failed to submit the associated report.
Failure to collect 1 or more required samples.
SDWIS
Violation
Code1
23
25
36
31
29
38
9
51
52
SDWIS
Contaminant
Code
3100
3100
200
200
300
5000
5000
                             A-5

-------
             TABLE A-l:  SIGNIFICANT MONITORING AND REPORTING VIOLATIONS FOR
                           ANNUAL STATE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM REPORTS
Rule
Stage 1 Disinfection
Byproducts
Ground Water Rule
C
h
e
m
Phase I, II, IIB and
V Rules
Radionuclides
Violation Type
Regular monitoring
Monitoring
Regular monitoring
Regular monitoring
Description
Failure to collect any required samples .
Monitoring of Treatment (unfiltered/GWR)
Failure to collect any required samples .
Failure to collect any required samples2.
SDWIS
Violation
Code1
27, 30, 35
31
03,04
03,04
SDWIS
Contaminant
Code
By contaminant

By contaminant
4000,4100,
4010, 4006,
4101,4102,4174
1  EPA's Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS/FED) makes no distinction between the sampling violations and the reporting violations
   associated with a sample collection requirement. Both violations are reported under the same violation code.
2  Failure to collect "any required samples" means none of the required samples were collected.
                                                      A-6

-------
TABLE A-2: SUMMARY OF DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS FOR
           PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS DURING 2011
Applicability of Regulations
Contaminant/Rule
Organic Contaminants
Total Trihalomethanes
Contaminants (TTHM)
Inorganic Contaminants
(IOCS)
Nitrate and Nitrite
Contaminants
Radionuclide Contaminants
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment
Lead and Copper Rule
Interim Enhanced Surface
Water Treatment Rule
Stage 1
Disinfectant/Disinfection By-
Product Rule
Filter Backwash Recycling
Rule
Ground Water Rule
Public Notification
Consumer Confidence Rule
Community Water Systems
All
All PWSs, using surface water or
ground water under the direct
influence of surface water
(GWUDI), which disinfect their
water (a.k.a. Subpart H systems)
All
All
All
All
Some
Only PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI
All
For sanitary surveys all PWSs
using surface water or GWUDI;
for other requirements those
systems serving 10,000 or more
people
All PWSs adding a disinfectant to
the drinking water
Conventional or direct filtration
PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener supernatant,
or liquids from dewatering
processes
All PWSs that use ground water,
including consecutive systems,
except that it does not apply to
PWSs that combine all of their
ground water with surface water or
with ground water under the direct
influence of surface water prior to
treatment.
All
All
Non-Transient Non-
Community Water Systems
All (Note: acrylamide and
epichlorohydrin do not have
MCLs and only have treatment
techniques)
All PWSs, using surface water
or GWUDI, which disinfect
their water (a.k.a. Subpart H
systems)
Prior to the 2001 Arsenic Rule,
all lOCs except for arsenic.
After the 2001 Arsenic Rule all
lOCs.
All
None
All
Some
Only PWSs using surface water
or GWUDI
All
For sanitary surveys all PWSs
using surface water or GWUDI;
for other requirements those
systems serving 10,000 or more
people
All PWSs adding disinfectant to
the drinking water
Conventional or direct filtration
PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener
supernatant, or liquids from
dewatering processes
All PWSs that use ground water,
including consecutive systems,
except that it does not apply to
PWSs that combine all of their
ground water with surface water
or with ground water under the
direct influence of surface water
prior to treatment.
All
None
Transient Non-Community
Water Systems
None
All PWSs, using surface water
or GWUDI, which disinfect
their water (a.k.a. Subpart H
systems)
None
All
None
All
Some
Only PWSs using surface water
or GWUDI
None
For sanitary surveys all PWSs
using surface water or GWUDI;
for other requirements those
systems serving 10,000 or more
people
Those PWSs using chlorine
dioxide
Conventional or direct filtration
PWSs using surface water or
GWUDI and recycle spent filter
backwash, thickener
supernatant, or liquids from
dewatering processes
All PWSs that use ground
water, including consecutive
systems, except that it does not
apply to PWSs that combine all
of their ground water with
surface water or with ground
water under the direct influence
of surface water prior to
treatment.
All
None
                         A-7

-------
                                        Appendix B
                         Summaries of State Annual
                                Compliance  Reports
This Appendix presents a summary of each primacy agency report in a standardized format. The format includes an
overall summary of the violations data specified in Section 1414 of the 1996 SDWA Amendments (i.e., violations
with respect to MCLs, TT violations, significant monitoring and reporting requirements, significant notification
violations and variances and exemptions).

This Appendix does not interpret the state reports. Therefore, other factors must be taken into account before drawing
conclusions about a program. For example, PWSs are required to report all violations to the primacy agency, but
drinking water programs  vary in the regulations they choose to emphasize.  A primacy agency that decided to focus
attention and resources on one particular rule may have discovered and reported many more violations of that rule
than a primacy agency that chose to focus on a different rule. A disproportionate number of violations in a state,
Commonwealth, Territory, or tribe could also indicate that the  primacy agency needs to work with its PWSs to
improve their compliance. Readers are cautioned to  view the violations data provided in the summaries within the
context of each primacy agency and its individual drinking water program.


In 2011, EPA received Public Water System Compliance Reports  from 43 of the 55 primacy states, Commonwealths,
Territories and tribes. As  in past years, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Navajo Nation did
not submit reports and, with limited exceptions, did not supply  information to SDWIS/FED. EPA  did not receive
reports from 8 primacy agencies as indicated in Table B-l. Appendix B supplies what information is available in
SDWIS/FED to indicate violations at public water systems in the states, Commonwealths, Territories and tribes that
did not submit compliance reports in 2011.
EPA prepared reports for the  District of Columbia and Wyoming, which did not have primary enforcement
responsibility for drinking water in calendar year 2011.

Violations for 2011
EPA summarizes the number of MCL, MDRL,  TT and significant monitoring and reporting violations1 reported by
each state in six categories:

•   Violations of chemical contaminant requirements10;
•   Violations of the Total Coliform Rule;
•   Violations of the Surface Water Treatment Rule,  Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,  Long Term 1
    Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule and Filter Backwash  Recycling Rule;
•   Violations of the Lead and Copper Rule;
•   Significant Notification or Consumer Confidence  Rule Violations; and
•   Violations of the Disinfection/Disinfectant Byproducts Rule.
EPA summarizes the  numbers of individual public  water systems in violation in each of these  six categories, as
reported by the state. If a state's report did not include information in a category, EPA's summary notes the omission.
 A comprehensive definition of significant monitoring and reporting violations appears in Appendix A.
 MCL and significant monitoring violations for organic, inorganic, total trihalomethane (TTHM), nitrate and nitrite, and radionuclide contaminants.
                                                 B-l

-------
2011 Totals
EPA also summarizes the total number of systems in each state, the total number of significant violations reported and
the total number of PWSs in violation, if the state reported this information. When states did not provide information
on the total number of public water systems, EPA supplied that information from the SDWIS/FED.
Systems in Violation
Systems in violation are defined as the number of different systems with a reported violation of this type. Some states
counted a system with multiple violations or violations in more than one category as one violating system. Other states
counted a violating system each time it had a violation, or once for each of the regulatory categories in which it had a
violation. If EPA's review of a state's  report indicated some violating systems were  counted more than once, an
asterisk notes that the state's number possibly over counts violating systems.
Variances and Exemptions
Fourteen  violations of variances or exemptions were reported by the primacy agencies during 2011.
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual Public Water Systems Report
If a primacy agency's report includes information on how to obtain a copy of the report, the information is provided
on the primacy agency's summary page in this Appendix.
                                                   B-2

-------
Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported in the 2011 State Reports
State
Alabama
Alaska
American
Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of
Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern
Mariana Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Submitted
Report
X
X
Violation Categories
CCR
X
X
MCL
X
X
M/R
X
X
TT
X
X
Reported
onV/E

X
Provided
Inventory
Information

X
Identified
Size and
Type of
Violating
Systems

X
Discussed
Compliance
and
Enforcement
Responses

X
Identified
Each System
with MCL
andTT
Violations
X
X
Provided
Information
to Public
on
Availability
X
X
Provided
Additional
Information1
X
X
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X


X





X
X
X


X
X
X
X


X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X


X
X
X
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X


X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X


X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X




X

X
X
X
X
X





X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X

X
X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X




X






X

X
X





X


X

X

X

X

X
X


X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X


X
X
X
X
X
X


X
X
X

X



X

X
X
X

X



X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X

X

X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
                               B-3

-------
                            Table B-1: Summary of Elements Reported in the 2011 State Reports
State
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Submitted
Report
X
Violation Categories
OCR
X
MCL
X
M/R
X
TT
X
Reported
onV/E
X
Provided
Inventory
Information
X
Identified
Size and
Type of
Violating
Systems

Discussed
Compliance
and
Enforcement
Responses
X
Identified
Each System
with MCL
andTT
Violations
X
Provided
Information
to Public
on
Availability

Provided
Additional
Information1
X
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X

X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DID NOT SUBMIT REPORT.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X


X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X


X
X
X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
 1. An "x" in this column indicates the state submitted more information in its report than the minimum EPA recommends in guidance.
M/R - monitoring and reporting
                                                            B-4

-------
                       Table B-2: Summary of the Total Number of Regulated Systems, Systems with Significant
                         Violations and Significant Violations Reported in the 2011 State Reports or SDWIS/FED
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Total
Number of
Regulated
Systems
NR
1,556
16
1,573
1,111
7,781
NR
2,605
496
10
5,534
NR
9
130
1,957
5,761
4,221
1,966
1,035
NR
1,410
1,875
3,559
NR
11,302
7,128
NR
2,797
NR
Total Number of
Systems with
Significant
Violations
NR
667
12
868
330
1,307
NR
1,452**
62
4
630
NR
1
23
592
635
1,475
488**
339
143
381
NR
NR
NR
1,955
NR
210
NR
670
Total
Number of
Significant
Violations
199
5,610*
535
2,444
622
2,276
2,646
3,171
180
7
1,695*
1,469
1
59
2,112
4,838
3,327*
1,020*
398
668
630
1,250
1,404
1,159
4,037*
423
356
2,056
3,420
State
Navajo Nation
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Northern Mariana Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Number of
Regulated
Systems
163
1,319
558
2,483
3,950
1,195
8,979
6,139
512
75
NR
1,641
NR
9,298
490
490
1,448
652
853
6,961
NR
1,367
305
2,852
4,133
929
11,444
787
Total Number of
Systems with
Significant
Violations
46
NR
207
NR
NR
685
3,967
NR
74
NR
NR
1,122
1,130
2,611
NR
134
152
228
150
2,746
NR
NR
167
779
1,016
NR
NR
190
Total
Number of
Significant
Violations
160
596
1,064
1,415
2,694
1,022*
7,069
5,211
138*
964
2,861
2,519
3,962
12,330*
2,321
168*
240*
867*
280
5,442
4,172
666
370
2,282
11,983
330
1,851
288
*The total number of violations in the report differs from the calculated total.
** Possible over counting of violating systems.
                                                              B-5

-------
                          State  Report  Summaries
                                              Contents
Alabama 	B-7
Alaska	B-8
American Samoa	B-9
Arizona	B-10
Arkansas	B-ll
California	B-12
Colorado 	B-13
Connecticut	B-14
Delaware 	B-15
District of Columbia 	B-16
Florida	B-17
Georgia 	B-18
Guam 	B-19
Hawaii	B-20
Idaho 	B-21
Illinois 	B-22
Indiana 	B-23
Iowa 	B-24
Kansas	B-25
Kentucky	B-26
Louisiana 	B-27
Maine 	B-28
Maryland	B-29
Massachusetts 	B-30
Michigan	B-31
Minnesota 	B-32
Mississippi 	B-33
Missouri 	B-34
Montana 	B-35
Navajo Nation 	B-36
Nebraska 	B-37
Nevada 	B-38
New Hampshire 	B-3 9
New Jersey 	B-40
New Mexico	B-41
New York	B-42
North Carolina 	B-43
North Dakota	B-44
Northern Mariana Islands	B-45
Ohio 	B-46
Oklahoma	B-47
Oregon 	B-48
Pennsylvania 	B-49
Puerto Rico 	B-50
Rhode Island 	B-51
South Carolina 	B-52
South Dakota	B-53
Tennessee	B-54
Texas 	B-55
Utah	B-56
Vermont 	B-57
Virgin Islands	B-58
Virginia 	B-59
Washington 	B-60
West Virginia 	B-61
Wisconsin	B-62
Wyoming	B-63
                                                  B-6

-------
                                            State of Alabama 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
0
25



26

Systems in
Violation
0
25



13

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
0

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


0
0

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
108
28
0
11
1
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
8*
18
0
11
1
0
NR
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
NR
199
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Alabama's 2011  State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Contact Name: Tom DeLoach
Telephone: (334) 279-7791
Fax: (334) 279-3051
E-mail: tsd@adem.state.al.us

Web site: http://www.adem.state.al.us
                                                               B-7

-------
                                                   State of Alaska 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
7
30



91

Systems in
Violation
5
26



28

Treatment Technique
Violations


121
13

4
NR
Systems in
Violation


48
12

3
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,608
747
291
403
39
256
NR
Systems in
Violation
104
426
75
225
21
126
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,556
667
5610*
*The total number of violations in the report (5,620) differs from the calculated total (5,610) because of the inclusion of the 10 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Alaska's 2011 State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Dept of Environmental Conservation
Drinking Water Program
555 Cordova Street
Anchorage, AK 99501

Contact Name: Jeanine Oakland
Telephone: (907) 269-2007
Facsimile: (907) 269-7650
Email: jeanine.oakland@alaska.gov

Contact Name: Kelly Cobbs
Telephone: (907) 269-7630
Facsimile: (907) 269-7655
Email: kelly.cobbs@alaska.gov

Web site: http://www.dec.state.ak.us/eh/dw/index.htm

-------
                                             State of American Samoa 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
NR
60



3

Systems in
Violation
NR
8



1

Treatment Technique
Violations


67
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


5
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
384
5
NR
5
5
3
3
Systems in
Violation
10*
4
NR
5
5
1
2
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
16
12
535
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                              B-9

-------
                                                 State of Arizona 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
261
83



NR

Systems in
Violation
80*
74



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


NR
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
489
924
NR
465
222
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
273*
512
NR
236
120
NR
NR
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,573
868
2,444
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                              B-10

-------
                                                 State of Arkansas 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
26
93



65

Systems in
Violation
8*
70



33

Treatment Technique
Violations


19
17

0
2
Systems in
Violation


10
15

0
7
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
234
29
51
65
10
11
Systems in
Violation
0
154
10
35
57
8
6
1 Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,111
330
622
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




Arkansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's web site.




Website: http://www.healthy.arkansas.gov/programsServices/environmentalHealth/Engineering/Pages/ReportsandForms.aspx
                                                                B-ll

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                                                State of California 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
486
407



102

Systems in
Violation
195*
305



36

Treatment Technique
Violations


136
7

8
NR
Systems in
Violation


61
6

8
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
27
344
15
378
358
8
NR
Systems in
Violation
24*
271
8
342
277
7
NR
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,781
1,307
2,276
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20, 2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                              B-12

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                                                 State of Colorado 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
386
38



102

Systems in
Violation
60
28



21

Treatment Technique
Violations


51
1

4
0
Systems in
Violation


27
1

2
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,402
272
77
107
43
137
26
Systems in
Violation
144
205
44
73
34
84
26
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
NR
2,646
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Colorado's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
Water Quality Control Division
Attention: Annual Compliance Report
CADM-B2
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
Denver, CO 80246

Rick Koplitz
WQCD Drinking Water Compliance Assurance Unit
Telephone:  (303) 692-3664
Email: rick.koplitz@state.co.us

Web site: http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/drinkingwater
                                                               B-13

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                                                 State of Connecticut 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
79
212



0

Systems in
Violation
22
159



0

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
12

0
11
Systems in
Violation


0
11

0
10
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2,126
391
4
101
142
31
62
Systems in
Violation
193
305
4
97
114
18
49
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,605
1,452*
3,171
* Possible over counting of violating systems.







Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report





Connecticut's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site and clicking on the "Publications/Reports" button on the left column:




Web site: http://www.ct.gov/dph/publicdrinkingwater
                                                                 B-14

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                                                  State of Delaware 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
25
50



2

Systems in
Violation
17
39



2

Treatment Technique
Violations


1
2

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


1
2

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
29
67
0
4
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
24
21
0
4
State report gives different counts in several tables, counts from the tables that list the systems in violation are shown here.

2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
496
62
180
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Delaware's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Office of Drinking Water
Division of Public Health
43 S. DuPont Hwy.
Dover, DE 19901

Telephone: (302) 741-8630

Fax:(302)741-8631

Web site: http://www.dhss.delaware.gov/dhss/dph/hsp/odw.html
                                                                B-15

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                                                District of Columbia 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
0
2



1

Systems in
Violation
0
1



1

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
0

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


0
0

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
0
0
4
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
0
0
4
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
10
4
7
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

District of Columbia's State Report is available by contacting:

Wendy Gray, P.E.
Acting District of Columbia PWSS Direct Implementation Team Leader
Drinking Water Branch (3WP21)
U.S. EPA Region III
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029
Telephone: (215) 814-5673
Fax:(215)814-2302
E-mail: gray.wendy@epa.gov

Web site:  http://www.epa.gov/reg3wapd/drinking/dc.htm
                                                               B-16

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                                                    State of Florida 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
27
132



235

Systems in
Violation
15
116



64

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
3

0
0
Systems in
Violation


0
3

0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
696
358
0
47
6
173
18
Systems in
Violation
126
280
0
43
6
85
16
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,534
630
1,695*
*The total number of violations in the report (1,727) differs from the calculated total (1,695) because of the inclusion of the 32 public notification violations.
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Florida's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by writing to:

2600 Blair Stone Road, MS 3520
Tallahassee, Florida 32399-2400

Web site: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/drinkingwater
                                                                  B-17

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                                                   State of Georgia 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
37
79



24

Systems in
Violation
34*
70



10

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
3

16
NR
Systems in
Violation


0
2

16
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2
460
2
355
480
11
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
349
2
290
408
11
NR
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
NR
1,469
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Georgia's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:

Department of Natural Resources
Environmental Protection Division
Drinking Water Data Management/Reporting Unit
2 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, Suite 1362 East
Atlanta, GA 30334

Attention: Christopher Smith

Telephone: (404) 651-5162
Email: chris.smith@dnr.state.ga.us

Web site: http://www.gaepd.org
                                                                B-18

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                                                   Guam 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
NR
NR



NR

Systems in
Violation
NR
NR



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


NR
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
1
NR
NR
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9
1
1
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                            B-19

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                                                  State of Hawaii 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
0
1



0

Systems in
Violation
0
1



0

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
2

0
0
Systems in
Violation


0
2

0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
48
7
0
1
0
0
0
Systems in
Violation
16*
7
0
1
0
0
0
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
130
23
59
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Hawaii's State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:

Hawaii Department of Health
Environmental Management Division
Safe Drinking Water Branch
919 Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 308
Honolulu, HI 96814-4920

Attention: Joanna L. Seto, P.E., Environmental Program Manager
Telephone: (808) 586-4258
Fax: (808) 586-4351
E-mail: sdwb@doh.hawaii.gov

Web site: http://Hawaii.gov/health/environmental/sdwb/index.html
                                                               B-20

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                                                  State of Idaho 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
173
163



9

Systems in
Violation
51*
129



3

Treatment Technique
Violations


20
1

NR
31
Systems in
Violation


10
1

NR
31
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,146
327
25
86
NR
95
36
Systems in
Violation
156*
246
15
72
NR
54
28
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,957
592
2,112
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                              B-21

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                                                    State of Illinois 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
234
107



43

Systems in
Violation
108*
100



26

Treatment Technique
Violations


15
3

4
0
Systems in
Violation


14
3

1
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,941
181
0
71
65
172
2
Systems in
Violation
222*
160
0
64
60
127
2
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
5,761
635
4,838
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Illinois' State Report is available by accessing the state's website or by contacting:

Illinois EPA
Bureau of Water, Compliance Assurance Section
1021 North Grand Avenue East
Springfield, IL 62794

Contact: Mike Crumly
Email: mike.crumly@illinois.gov
Telephone: (217) 785-0561
Fax:(217)557-1407

Website: http://www.epa.state.il.us/water/compliance/drinking-water/compliance-report/index.html
                                                                 B-22

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                                                   State of Indiana 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
52
349



21

Systems in
Violation
38*
301



7

Treatment Technique
Violations


5
5

4
4
Systems in
Violation


3
5

2
3
Significant Monitoring
Violations
990
1,290
0
65
85
40
103
Systems in
Violation
380*
952
0
51
77
22
91
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,221
1,475
3,327*
*The total number of violations in the report (3,327) differs from the calculated total (3,013).


Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual  State Public Water Systems Report

Indiana's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Indiana Department of Environmental Management
Office of Water Management
Drinking Water Branch

Web site: http://www.in.gov/idem/5093.htm

Telephone: (317) 234-7430 or (317) 234-7435
                                                                B-23

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                                              State of Iowa 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule**
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
88
231



1

Systems in
Violation
37
124



1

Treatment Technique
Violations


3
2

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


2
2

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
191
425
0
25
18
37
NR
Systems in
Violation
136
216
0
12
18
35
NR
* Possible over counting of violating systems.
**TTHM and HAA are included in the Chemical Contaminant Group.

2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,966
488*
1 ,020**
* Possible over counting of violating systems.
*The total number of violations in the report (1,020) differs from the calculated total (1,021).

Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Iowa's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Iowa Department of Natural Resources-Water Supply
401SW 7th St., Suite M
Des Moines, IA 50309-4611

Facsimile: (515) 725-0348
                                                                B-24

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                                                   State of Kansas 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
114*
66**



84

Systems in
Violation
44
58**



29

Treatment Technique
Violations


33
0

12
1
Systems in
Violation


11
0

4
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1
22**
0
31
32
0
2
Systems in
Violation
1
9**
0
29
32
0
2
* Summary table indicates 111 violations, but adding the violation categories results in 114.
**State report gives different counts in multiple places, counts from the summary table are shown here. Note that the tables
Listing the violating systems has the Monitoring and Reporting and MCL numbers inverted.

2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,035
339
398
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Kansas' State Report is available by accessing the state's Web site:

Web site: http://www.kdheks.gov/pws
                                                                B-25

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                                            Commonwealth of Kentucky 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
1
23



70

Systems in
Violation
1
21



27

Treatment Technique
Violations


17
0

5
NR
Systems in
Violation


13
0

3
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
402
19
11
49
48
23
NR
Systems in
Violation
18
7
2
34
30
11
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
143
668
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Kentucky's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Frank Hall
Telephone: (502) 564-3410 ext. 4959

Website: http://www.water.ky.gov/DrinkingWater/Pages/AnnualComplianceReports.aspx
                                                              B-26

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                                                State of Louisiana 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
6
82



40

Systems in
Violation
6
72



15

Treatment Technique
Violations


10
NR

10
NR
Systems in
Violation


5
NR

7
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
43
49
250
105
13
22
Systems in
Violation
NR
42
6
222
86
8
20
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,410
381
630
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                              B-27

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                                                    State of Maine 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule**
MCL
Violations
51
226



41

Systems in
Violation
19*
121



13

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
0

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


0
0

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
220
657
0
32
3
20
NR
Systems in
Violation
178*
421
0
29
3
20
NR
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
** Maine's reporting system does not allow for tracking of Groundwater Rule violations. Failure to monitor violations are entered as
TC Failure to Monitor violations.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,875
NR
1,250
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
                                                                  B-28

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                                                  State of Maryland 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
60
323



82

Systems in
Violation
37
238



6

Treatment Technique
Violations


7
39

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


7
39

0
NR
Significant Monitoring*
Violations
229
446
10
75
69
64
NR
Systems in
Violation
136**
215
5
70**
68
28
NR
*Monitoring and Reporting violations are only reported for PWSs in Montgomery, Price George's and Wicomico Counties.
**Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,559
NR
1,404
Where to Obtain 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The 2011 state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
                                                                B-29

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                                         Commonwealth of Massachusetts 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
17
223



5

Systems in
Violation
11
138



4

Treatment Technique
Violations


1
73

1
NR
Systems in
Violation


1
69

1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
715
94
0
5
25
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
81
48
0
5
24
0
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
NR
1,159
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report





Massachusetts' 2011  State Report is available by accessing the state's web site:




Web site: http://www.mass.gov/dep/water/drinking.htm
                                                              B-30

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                                                  State of Michigan 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
117
414



9

Systems in
Violation
113
367



2

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
2

1
2
Systems in
Violation


0
2

1
2
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2,477
852
1
111
3
30
9
Systems in
Violation
504
690
1
108
3
16
7
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
11,320
1,955
4,037*
*The total number of violations in the report (4,037) differs from the calculated total (4,028) because of the inclusion of the 9 public notification violations.



Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Michigan's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Noncommunity Drinking Water Program
Environmental Health Programs Unit
Drinking Water and Environmental Health Section (DWEHS)
Mr. Daniel Dettweiler
Telephone: (517) 241-1373
E-mail: dettweilerd@michigan.gov

Community Drinking Water Unit
Drinking Water and Environmental Health Section (DWEHS)
Ms. Kristen Philip
Telephone: (517) 241-1238
E-mail: philipk@michigan.gov

Web site: http://www.michigan.gov/deq
Click Water, then Drinking Water,  then Community Water Supply
                                                                B-31

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                                                  State of Minnesota 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
83
210



NR

Systems in
Violation
83*
210*



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


9
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


9*
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
8
66
11
17
NR
19
NR
Systems in
Violation
6
54
7
17*
NR
17
NR
1 Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
7,128
NR
423
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Minnesota's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Minnesota Department of Health
Division of Environmental Health
Drinking Water Protection Section
625 North Robert Street
P.O. Box 64975
St. Paul, MN 55164-0975
Telephone: (651) 201-4700

Web site: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/water/com/dwar/report10.html
                                                                 B-32

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                                                 State of Mississippi 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
0
48



47

Systems in
Violation
0
43



19

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
2

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


0
2

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
42
35
0
30
107
45
NR
Systems in
Violation
2
27
0
29
85
38
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
210
356
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




The 2011 State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
                                                               B-33

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                                                   State of Missouri 2011  PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
118
292



36

Systems in
Violation
22*
234



11

Treatment Technique
Violations


3
NR

0
23
Systems in
Violation


2
NR

0
22
Significant Monitoring
Violations
214
1,003
0
121
63
8
175
Systems in
Violation
203*
567
0
117
63
8*
142
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,797
NR
2,056
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Missouri's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Water Protection Program
Public Drinking Branch
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, MO 65102-0176

Telephone: (800)  361-4827 or (573) 751-5331

Web site: http://www.dnr.mo.gov/env/wpp/dw-index.htm
                                                                B-34

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                                                 State of Montana 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
51
162



20

Systems in
Violation
21
122



9

Treatment Technique
Violations


19
3

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


10
3

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2,531
460
8
74
82
10
NR
Systems in
Violation
229
309
5
67
72
5
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
670
3,420
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Montana's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

P.O. Box200901
Helena, MT 59620-0901

Contact: Eugene Pizzini
Telephone: (406) 444-6972
Fax:(406)444-1375
Email: epizzini@mt.gov

Web site: http://www.deq.mt.gov/wqinfo/pws/index.asp
                                                               B-35

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                                                  Navajo Nation 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
4
13



NR

Systems in
Violation
4*
12



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


NR
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
60
NR
8
71
NR
4
Systems in
Violation
NR
25
NR
8
25
NR
4
1 Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
163
46
160
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                              B-36

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                                                 State of Nebraska 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
186
255



14

Systems in
Violation
75*
194



6

Treatment Technique
Violations


1


2
NR
Systems in
Violation


1


1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
12
109
2
4
1
10
NR
Systems in
Violation
22*
101
2*
4
1
4*
NR
1 Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,319
NR
596
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

Nebraska's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services
Division of Public Health
301 Centennial Mall South
P.O. Box 95026
Lincoln, NE 68509-5026

Contact: Jo Ann Wagner
Telephone: (402) 471-2541
Fax:(402)471-6436
Email: joann.wagner@nebraska.gov

Web site:  http://www.dhhs.ne.gov/enh/pwsindex.htm
                                                               B-37

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                                                  State of Nevada 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
NR
NR



NR

Systems in
Violation
NR
NR



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


NR
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
227
NR
NR
NR
NR
16
NR
Systems in
Violation
91
NR
NR
NR
NR
16
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
558
207
1,064
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report





Nevada's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or visiting county libraries in the state.




Web site: http://ndep.nv.gov/BSDW/oversight.htm
                                                                B-38

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                                              State of New Hampshire 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
93
202



25

Systems in
Violation
41*
157



5

Treatment Technique
Violations


1
12

1
6
Systems in
Violation


1
12

1
6
Significant Monitoring
Violations
491
376
1
21
48
87
51
Systems in
Violation
60
283
1
20
45
83
49
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,483
NR
1,415
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

New Hampshire's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
Water Division, Drinking Water and Groundwater Bureau
29 Hazen Drive
PC Box 95
Concord, NH 03302-0095

Contact: Terri Sabbia
Telephone: (603) 271-2923
Email: theresa.sabbia@doit.nh.gov

Website: http://des.nh.gov/organization/divisions/water/dwgb/annuaLreport.htm
                                                               B-39

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                                                State of New Jersey 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
89
390



5

Systems in
Violation
32*
251



2

Treatment Technique
Violations


1
0

1
NR
Systems in
Violation


1
0

1
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,612
281
36
47
0
57
175
Systems in
Violation
408*
205
34
47
0
27
NR
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
3,950
NR
2,694
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The 2011 State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
                                                               B-40

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                                           State of New Mexico 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
143
74



7

Systems in
Violation
55
58



2

Treatment Technique
Violations


26
0

12
2
Systems in
Violation


11
0

10
2
Significant Monitoring
Violations
114
167
19
166
274
18
0
Systems in
Violation
6
104
4
122
190
12
0
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,195
685
1,022*
*The total number of violations in the report (2,166) differs from the calculated total (1,022) partially because of the
 Inclusion of the 1,170 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

New Mexico's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

New Mexico Environment Department Drinking Water Bureau
Telephone: (877) 654-8720

Web site: http://www.nmenv.state.nm.us/dwb/
                                                                 B-41

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                                            State of New York 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
NR
NR



NR

Systems in
Violation
NR
NR



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


NR
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
8,979
3,967
7,069
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

New York's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

New York State Department of Health
Telephone: (800) 458-1158 or (518) 402-7650
Email: bpwsp@health.state.ny.us

Web site: http://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/water/drinking/violations/2011/2011_compliance_report.htm
                                                                B-42

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                                          State of North Carolina 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
46
248



154

Systems in
Violation
29*
193



52

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
0

0
1
Systems in
Violation


0
0

0
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
2,642
1,382
0
146
71
293
228
Systems in
Violation
2396*
818
0
137
71
131
96
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,139
NR
5,211
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
North Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Public Water Supply Section
1634 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1634

Attention: Hornlean Chen
Telephone: (919) 715-3222
E-mail: Hornlean.Chen@ncdenr.gov

Website: http://www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/pws/reportspubs.htm
                                                                B-43

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                                           State of North Dakota 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
17
19



3

Systems in
Violation
5
16



2

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
0

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


0
0

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1
68
0
3
0
24
NR
Systems in
Violation
1
52
0
3
0
23
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
512
74
138*
*The total number of violations in the report (138) differs from the calculated total (135).
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

North Dakota's State Report is available by contacting:

North Dakota Department of Health
Division of Municipal Facilities
918 E Divide Avenue, 3rd Floor
Bismarck, ND 58501-1947

Attention: LeeAnn Tillotson
Telephone: (701) 328-5211  or (701) 328-5293
Fax: (701) 328-5200
E-mail: ltillots@nd.gov
Web site: http://www.ndhealth.gov/mf
                                                                 B-44

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                                        Northern Mariana Islands 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
0
5



0

Systems in
Violation
0
4



0

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
0

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


NR
0

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
940
4
NR
8
6
1
NR
Systems in
Violation
5
4
NR
4
6
1
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
75
NR
964
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Northern Mariana Islands report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

CNMI Division of Environmental Quality
Safe Drinking Water Branch
P.O. Box501304
Saipan, MP 96950
Telephone: (670) 664-8500/01
Fax: (670) 664-8540

Contact: Mr. Frank M. Rabauliman - Director
Email: frankrabauliman@deq.gov.mp

Contact: Jose M. Kaipat- Manager
Email: josekaipat@deq.gov.mp

Contact: Ms. Juliana Dela  Rosa, SDWIS Administrator
Email: julianadelarosa@deq.gov.mp

Website: http://www.deq.gov.mp/section.aspx?seclD=5
Click on 2011 Annual Public Water System Compliance Report
                                                              B-45

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                                             State of Ohio 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
52
395



79

Systems in
Violation
22
287



26

Treatment Technique
Violations


2
64

118
1
Systems in
Violation


2
51

64
1
Significant Monitoring
Violations
695
811
11
446
78
0
109
Systems in
Violation
183
636
7
390
54
0
106
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
NR
2,861
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report


Ohio's State Report is available by accessing the web site:

Web site:
http://www.epa.ohio.gov/
                                                              B-46

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                                           State of Oklahoma 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
160
84



336

Systems in
Violation
48*
75



89

Treatment Technique
Violations


41
0

101
NR
Systems in
Violation


19
0

34
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
522
995
6
169
438**
105
NR
Systems in
Violation
34*
501*
1
132
146**
43
NR
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
**CCR and PN are calculated together.

2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,641
1,122
2,519
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

Oklahoma's State report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division, 7th Floor
707 N. Robinson
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677
Contact: Jamie Mungle

By mail:
Department of Environmental Quality
Water Quality Division
P.O. Box1677
Oklahoma City, OK 73101-1677

Web site: http://www.deq.state.ok.us
                                                               B-47

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                                            State of Oregon 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
60
283



18

Systems in
Violation
27
209



7

Treatment Technique
Violations


76
45

2
NR
Systems in
Violation


22
43

2
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,404
1,211
265
373
143
82
NR
Systems in
Violation
88
740
89
166
44
26
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
1,130
3,962
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:
The 2011 State Report did not provide information regarding public availability.
                                                               B-48

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                                      Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
131
430



95

Systems in
Violation
71
365



43

Treatment Technique
Violations


155
16

49
NR
Systems in
Violation


3
16

28
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
4,781
1,405
148
48
165
1,677
NR
Systems in
Violation
708
1,096
51
44
165
816
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
9,298
2,611
12,330*
*The total number of violations in the report (12,330) differs from the calculated total (9,100).

Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Pennsylvania's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Department of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Water Standards and Facility Regulation
P.O. Box8467,11th Floor RCSOB
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8467

Telephone: (717) 787-5017

Web site: http://www.dep.state.pa.us
Keyword: drinking water
                                                                B-49

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                                      Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
1
206



63

Systems in
Violation
1
110*



26*

Treatment Technique
Violations


46
0

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


20
0

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
122
1,843
0
18
NR
22
NR
Systems in
Violation
85*
233
0
16
NR
22*
NR
' Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
490
NR
2,321
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Puerto Rico's Report is available by accessing the territory's web site or by contacting:

Department of Health
Public Water Supply Supervision Program
Ponce de Leon Avenue, #431 Nacional Plaza
9th Floor, Suite 903
Hato Rey, Puerto Rico 00917

EPA Region 2,  New York
Eng. Nicole Kraft
290 Broadway, New York, NY 10007-1866

Web site: http://www.salud.gov.pr
                                                               B-50

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                                           State of Rhode Island 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
9
55



2

Systems in
Violation
5
38



1

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
0

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


0
0

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
5
84
0
9
4
0
13
Systems in
Violation
5
73
0
8
4
0
13
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
490
134
168*
*The total number of violations in the report (168) differs from the calculated total (181).







Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report





Rhode Island's Report is available by accessing the web site:




Web site: http://www.health.ri.gov/programs/drinkingwaterquality/
                                                                B-51

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                                          State of South Carolina 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
32
95



NR

Systems in
Violation
17*
59



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
NR

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


NR
NR

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
58**
2
6
NR
46
10
Systems in
Violation
NR
40**
2
6
NR
46*
10
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
** Values in the text of the report and the tables differ. Values from the text shown here.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,448
152
240*
*The total number of violations in the report (240) differs from the calculated total (249).


Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

South Carolina's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

SCDHEC's Bureau of Water
2600 Bull Street
Columbia, SC 29201
Attention: Bruce Bleau

Telephone: (803)  898-4154
Facsimile: (803) 898-3795
E-mail: bleaubp@dhec.sc.gov

Web site: http://www.scdhec.gov/water

Any additional information not contained in the report may be obtained through
SCDHEC's Freedom of Information Office at (803) 898-3880.
                                                                 B-52

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                                           State of South Dakota 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
64
41



0

Systems in
Violation
21
28



0

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
15

76
6
Systems in
Violation


0
6

74
4
Significant Monitoring
Violations
230
49
0
8
8
42
33
Systems in
Violation
9
36
0
8
7
35
17
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
652
228
867*
*The total number of violations in the report (867) differs from the calculated total (572) because of the inclusion of the 295 public notification violations.

Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

South Dakota's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Drinking Water Program, PMB-2020
Joe Foss Building
523 East Capitol Avenue
Pierre, SD 57501

Attention: Mark S. Mayer, P.E.
Telephone: (605) 773-3754
Email: mark.mayer@state.sd.us

Web site: http://denr.sd.gov/des/dw/complianceinfo.aspx
                                                                 B-53

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                                          State of Tennessee 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
0
19



16

Systems in
Violation
0
17



7

Treatment Technique
Violations


18
0

0
0
Systems in
Violation


12
0

0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
8
65
68
0
14
57
15
Systems in
Violation
8
54
32
0
14
35
14
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
853
150
280
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report





The 2011 state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
                                                              B-54

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                                            State of Texas 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
579
181



223

Systems in
Violation
188*
166



97

Treatment Technique
Violations


25
2

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


12
2

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,154
1,462
2
1
1,016
656
141
Systems in
Violation
65
661
2
1
536
656
137
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
6,961
2,746
5,442
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                              B-55

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                                              State of Utah 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
2
79



0

Systems in
Violation
2
69



0

Treatment Technique
Violations


4
0

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


1
0

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
3,603
222
0
164
42
56
NR
Systems in
Violation
226
162
0
101
41
31
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
NR
NR
4,172
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Utah's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Utah Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Drinking Water
P.O. Box 144830
Salt Lake City, UT 84114

Attention: Colt Smith
Telephone: (801) 536-4155
Email: acsmith@utah.gov

Web site: http://www.drinkingwater.utah.gov
                                                                B-56

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                                             State of Vermont 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
23
56



51

Systems in
Violation
9*
53*



19

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
8

NR
2
Systems in
Violation


NR
1

NR
2
Significant Monitoring
Violations
137**
379
1
36
30
102
1
Systems in
Violation
118*
270*
1
33
30
77
1
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
** Violations are undercounted because contaminants were reported in groups (e.g., Inorganics, VOCs).
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
1,367
NR
666
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report:

Vermont's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Water Supply Division
Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation
Agency of Natural Resources
103 South Main Street
Old Pantry Building
Waterbury.VT 05671-0403

Contact: Julie Hackbarth
Telephone: (802) 241-3410
Email: Julie.hackbarth@state.vt.us

Web site: http://www.vermontdrinkingwater.org
                                                                B-57

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                                            Virgin Islands 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
1
34



NR

Systems in
Violation
1
22



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


NR
1

NR

Systems in
Violation


NR
1

NR

Significant Monitoring
Violations
NR
3
NR
330
1
NR

Systems in
Violation
NR
3
NR
159
1
NR

2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
305
167
370
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report




EPA did not receive the 2011 Annual Report prior to January 20,2012 and generated data from SDWIS/FED to meet publication deadlines.
                                                             B-58

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                                         Commonwealth of Virginia 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
76
236



21

Systems in
Violation
26
186



9

Treatment Technique
Violations


7
22

30
NR
Systems in
Violation


7
21

27
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
1,042
618
2
99
80
49
NR
Systems in
Violation
80
407
1
89
60
32
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
2,852
779
2,282
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Virginia's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Office of Drinking Water
109 Governor Street, 6th Floor
Richmond, VA 23219
Attn: Robert A.K. Payne, Esq.

Telephone: (804) 864-7500
Facsimile:  (804) 864-7520
Email: rob.payne@vdh.virginia.gov

Website: http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/drinkingwater/compliance/annualReport.htm
                                                                B-59

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                                          State of Washington 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
87
33



NR

Systems in
Violation
83
32



NR

Treatment Technique
Violations


22
0

NR
NR
Systems in
Violation


11
0

NR
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
10,858
642
4
80
257
NR
NR
Systems in
Violation
474
443
3
80
257
NR
NR
*Radionuclide Contaminants were not reported in the Chemical Contaminant Group
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
4,133
1,016
11,983
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Washington's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Department of Health
Office of Drinking Water
P.O. Box47822
Olympia, Washington 98504-7822
Telephone: (800) 521-0323

Web site: http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/dw/
                                                               B-60

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                                          State of West Virginia 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
0
0



0

Systems in
Violation
0
0



0

Treatment Technique
Violations


5
2

10
NR
Systems in
Violation


5
2

8
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
0
0
0
203
110
0
NR
Systems in
Violation
0
0
0
109
52
0
NR
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
929
NR
330
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report
The 2011 state report did not provide information regarding public availability.
                                                               B-61

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                                            State of Wisconsin 2011  PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
121
385



0

Systems in
Violation
55*
399



0

Treatment Technique
Violations


0
0

0
0
Systems in
Violation


0
0

0
0
Significant Monitoring
Violations
847
420
0
15
49
14
NR
Systems in
Violation
298*
354
0
15
49
14
142
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
11,444
NR
1,851
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report

Wisconsin's State Report is available by accessing the state's web site or by contacting:

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Bureau of Drinking Water and Groundwater
P.O. Box7921
Madison, Wl 53707
Telephone: (608) 267-4230

Web site: http://dnr.wi.gov/org/water/dwg/report_2011 .pdf
                                                                B-62

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                                           State of Wyoming 2011 PWS Compliance Report
Violations for 2011
Violations Category
Chemical Contaminant Group
Total Coliform Rule
Surface Water Treatment Rule, Interim
Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule,
and Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
Lead and Copper Rule
Consumer Confidence Report
Disinfection Byproducts Rule
Ground Water Rule
MCL
Violations
7
48



15

Systems in
Violation
4
41



10*

Treatment Technique
Violations


4
NR

0
NR
Systems in
Violation


2
NR

0
NR
Significant Monitoring
Violations
93
84
NR
21
6
5
5
Systems in
Violation
73
73
NR
21
6
5
5
*Possible over counting of violating systems.
2011
Total Number of
Regulated Systems
Total Number of
Systems in Violation
Total Number of
Violations
787
190
288
Where to Obtain the 2011 Annual State Public Water Systems Report





Wyoming's State report is available by accessing EPA's Web site or by contacting:




EPA Region 8's Environmental Information Service Center




Telephone: (303) 312-6312 or (800) 227-8917




E-mail: r8eisc@epa.gov




Web site: http://www.epa.gov/region8/water/dwhome/wyomingdi.html
                                                               B-63

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