EPA Publication Number 202K09001
                           EPA Contract Number EP-W-08-042
         Learner Manual - Module 4
        Grants Management Systems
TRIBAL, U.S. TERRITORIES AND
INSULAR AREAS ADMINISTRATIVE
AND FINANCIAL GUIDANCE
MANUAL FOR ASSISTANCE
AGREEMENTS
"A Nation is a stable, historically developed community of people
who share territory, economic life, distinctive culture, and language.
Office of Environmental Justice, U.S. EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Updated August 2013

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                      Module 4: Grants Management Systems
      This  manual  was  originally developed  by  the  U.S.
      Environmental Protection Agency for  Tribal  Nations,
      but content also pertains to U.S. Territories and Insular
      Areas. Exception: U.S. Territories and Insular Areas are
      treated as states under Part 31 (and  also under Part 35,
      Subpart A  for PPGs,  unlike Tribes  that are  covered
      under Subpart B).
                                   Contents
MODULE 4: GRANTS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
  REQUIRED SYSTEMS	3
    Standard Industry Classification (SIC) codes	5
  SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION	6
  INTERNAL REVIEW AND APPROVAL PROCESSES	8
    Administration	9
    Grants Management	9
    Finance	10
    Accounting	10
    Human Resources	11
  ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES AND PROCEDURES	12
    Organizational Chart	12
    Documentation Process	13
    Internal Controls	14
  ATTACHMENT TO MODULE 4	16
    Answers to Quizdom Actionpoint Questions	16
        EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
Last Updated April 2013
Page 2 of 18

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                            Module 4: Grants Management Systems
                            Module 4: Grants Management Systems
   Tribal, U.S. Territories and
   Insular Areas Administrative and
   Financial Guidance for
   Assistance Agreements
   Module 4:
   Grants Management Systems
   Module 4: Grants Management Systems
                          • Lkxrtiment the source of funds
                          • Determine how funds nre
                           being used
                          • Guide how money is controlled
                          * Trarfcingand importing
   Required Systems
Guide the project
Guide the people working on
the project
Assure ttccoiifl lability
Identify roles and
responsibilities
Delegate authority
Monikir progress
.Assess results
             Required Systems
Why do we need grants management systems?
Administrative systems guide the project and the
people working on it to assure accountability.
Administrative systems identify roles and
responsibilities for the delegation of authority, to
monitor progress, and assess results. Financial
systems help to document the source of funds and
determine how funds  are being used.
                                                  Financial systems guide how we control the
                                                  money. They tell us:

                                                      •   Where the money comes from
                                                      •   Who is authorized to spend it
                                                      •   How expenses are tracked and reported
                                                  A successful grants management system requires
                                                  the grantee to:
                                                      1.   Have written policies and procedures,
                                                      2.   That conform to federal requirements, and
                                                      3.   Provide internal controls to ensure
                                                          policies and procedures are followed.
                                                         Responsibilities Timeline: Management
What is the most important reason why we
need administrative systems?

A. To assign personnel to specific tasks
B. To document the awards process
C. To ensure accountability and consistent
   progress
D. To evaluate personnel according to EPA
   standards
E. All of the above
                                                     Why do we need financial systems?


                                                     A. To document the source of funds
                                                     B. To determine how the funds are being used
                                                     C. To comply with regulations
                                                     D. Because there are so many objectives and costs
                                                        to track
                                                     E. All of the above
          EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
tast Updated April 2013
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                            Module 4: Grants Management Systems
   One Financial System
    Seoarate
    Accounts

                              Separate
                              Accounts
       Separate
      Accounts Tribal Nation

Why are financial systems so important?
The source of funds (where the money comes
from) is especially important when a Tribal Nation
has multiple funding sources: EPA, Bureau of
Indian Affairs (BIA), Indian Health Service (IHS),
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Housing
and Urban Development (HUD).

When a Tribal Nation accepts an assistance
agreement award from any federal agency, it must
set up a separate set of expense and revenue
accounts to track those funds. The funds received
from EPA need to be reported separately from
funds generated through Tribal businesses and
other federal assistance agreement awards. If funds
are not reported separately, it could jeopardize the
Tribal Nation's ability to receive future funds.
   Why are administrative and financial
   systems so important?

    A. Written policies assure consistent
      management
    B. Each award needs to he tracked separately
    C. Written procedures ensure control of all
      awards
    D. Regulations require these systems
    E. All of the above
   Improve Your Grants Management System
    • Some grants can be revised to provide funds for
     system improvements.
    • Ask your EPA Project Officer for details.
       Object!
  Compute rand so
  Hie Clerk
                                                                          XFTE  % of Total Funds
            15%
 2S%         10%
 30%         45%
100%         30%
                                          ii.OUO
                                         $22.300
                                         $15,000
   Sample Budget Summaiy. Financial Systems Upuiaje

Can we use award funds to develop or improve
grants management systems?
Yes, especially if you have a General Assistance
Program (GAP) grant. Tribal Nations need to have
administrative and financial systems in place to
properly implement grants and provide accurate
reports to EPA after an assistance agreement is
awarded.

 •   Does your Tribal Nation want to improve
     administrative and/or financial systems?
 •   Does your Tribal Nation have a General
     Assistance Program (GAP) grant?

A revision can be made to some assistance
agreement awards, which allows a Tribal Nation to
use part of the funds and work hours to assist in
developing, implementing, or improving the Tribal
Nation's grants management systems. If your
Tribal Nation applies for a General Assistance
Program (GAP) grant, and you want to improve the
administrative and/or financial systems, explain
what you wish to do  in the work plan. The EPA
Project Officer must approve adjustments and
revisions to your Tribal Nation's General
Assistance Program work plan.
          EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
Last Updated April 2013
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                               Module 4: Grants Management Systems
   How can General Assistance Program award
   funds be used on grants management
   systems?

    A. To develop new components
    B. To develop new strategies
    C. To improve existing systems
    D. Only when written into the GAP work plan
    K.
    Record Keeping is Crucial


    Having up-to-date and accurate information is
    critical for managing financial accounts, and:

    • Forms the basis for providing information to
      decision makers

    • Allows for the comparison of budgets with actual
      expenditures
What is the value of a record keeping system?
A Tribal Nation needs to know how funds are
being used. Tribal Nations need to know:

  •    Which programs or projects are the funds
       being applied against?
  •    Who or which organization within the Tribal
       Nation is using the funds?
  •    Who requested and who authorized the
       expenditures?
  •    Are the funds being spent according to the
       EPA-approved budget?
  •    Are the funds spent in accordance with
       applicable federal cost standards?
  •    Are the funds being spent within the agreed
       upon budget?

For example,  Standard Industry Classification
(SIC) codes are used by accountants as reference
codes for line items.
 Good management is all about the paperwork.
                                                           Table 1: Standard Industry Classification (SIC) Codes
    Standard Industry Classification (SIC) codes

The following standard industrial classification codes may be relevant
on EPA funded projects.
Activity
Construction
    SIC Code
         Industrial buildings                      1541
         Heavy construction water/sewer            1623
         Other heavy construction (non-residential)    1629
         Concrete work                          1771
         Excavation work                        1794
                                                           Equipment/Supplies
Services
         Manufacturers
         If items purchased from manufacturer
         Office furniture 2521, 2522, 2531, 2441, 2424, 2591,'<
         Office supplies (paper, etc.) 2676, 2677, 2678
         Computer/Office 3571, 3572, 3575, 3577, 3578, 3579
         Lab equipment 3826, 3829
               599
         Retail Equipment/Suppliers
         Courier services
         Local trucking
         Travel agencies
         Telephone services
         Clean-up (oil spills, pesticides)
         Furniture sales (office)
         Office equipment
         Computer
         Office supplies

         Motor Vehicle Supplies
         Wholesale sales
         Parts
         Tires
         Dealers
         Gasoline
         Motor Vehicle Services
         Rental (cars)
         Rental (trucks)
         Motor vehicle repairs

         Computer Services
         Rental
         Maintenance

         Professional Services
         Engineering services
         Architects
         Surveyors
         Accountants
         Testing laboratories

         Miscellaneous Services
         Hotels
         Photocopying
         Pest control
         Janitorial
          4215
          4212
          4724
          4822
          4959
          5021
          5044
          5045
          5046
          5012
5013,5015,5531
          5014
          5511
          5541
          7514
          7513
     7532-7539
          7377
     7378, 7379
          8711
          8712
          8713
          8721
          8734
          7011
          7334
          7342
          7349
                                                                    Air conditioning/heating service and repair    7623
           EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
Last Updated April 2013
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                            Module 4: Grants Management Systems
Tribal Nations can see from the explanations and
examples provided that having up-to-date and
accurate information is critical for managing the
Tribal Nation's financial business. Grants
management systems help to ensure that what the
Tribal Leaders have agreed to  is being
accomplished in an effective and efficient manner.
   Systems facilitate communication while
   providing checks and balances for effective
   internal control.
            Tribal Leaders  I  Administrators
            !•! nance Office
  Grants
Management
  Team
        Systems Implementation
How should we structure our administrative
systems?
Administrative systems establish methods for
compliance with grant requirements through:

    •   Operational effectiveness and efficiency
    •   A workable system of internal controls
    •   Updates to written grants management
        policies and procedures, as needed
    •   Effective checks and balances
    •   Separation of duties
    •   Clearly defined lines of authority

Adequate administrative systems provide accurate
and reliable information. In a system of checks and
balances, duties are separated and assigned to
trained and experienced personnel. Administrative
personnel typically include Tribal Leaders, a
general manager, a grants manager, and a financial
officer.

Tasks can be monitored and reminders provided by
other groups, so reports are  accurate and filed on
time. Division of responsibilities prevents total
control of funds by one group or individual.
Supervisors in each department regularly review
the work in other departments to ensure all
essential functions are performed as proposed.
Linear or
Hierarchical
Systems
  •   A linear or
      hierarchical
      system does
      not provide the
      necessary
      internal
      control.
  •   Each
      department is
      separate from
      the other.
  •   Communicatio
      n flows in only
      one direction
      (usually from
      the top down).
  •   Decisions are
      made by a
      single
      individual.
Circular or Flat
Systems
 •    A circular or flat
     system of control
     provides checks
     and balances
     necessary for
     effective internal
     control.
 •    Work is processed
     by three people to
     avoid errors.
 •    All departments
     work together
     sharing information
     vital to project
     success.
 •    Information flows
     in all directions
     facilitating the
     decision making
     process.
 •    Decisions are made
     based on  input from
     teams of people.
                            Figure 1: Administrative Systems Control

                            Communication between all groups or individuals
                            involved in the grant is very important to ensure
                            the systems are set up properly. Administrative
                            personnel should meet periodically to discuss the
                            grant and determine if the systems are working
                            properly and update the written policies and
                            procedures when necessary.

                            Having a comprehensive administrative and
                            financial system in place will greatly enhance a
                            Tribal Nation's ability to achieve award objectives.
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Last Updated April 2013
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                             Module 4: Grants Management Systems
   A financial system should:
    • Provide accurate and complete disclosure of
     financial results

    1 Adequately identify source and use of funds

    • Establish effective controls and accountability
     for all grant assets, including:
     = Cash
     0 Accounts Receivables
     = Equipment
     = Buildings
     • Etc.
   A financial system should: (continued)

    • Compare actual expenditures to the budgeted
     amounts

    • Ensure applicable Office of Management and
     Budget cost principles are followed

    • Maintain adequate support documentation

    • Maintain adequate cash management
     procedures
How do we set up grants management systems?
The systems explained in this training manual are
systems that a Tribal Nation should have, not only
to report on EPA and other federal government
projects, but also to administer the Tribal Nation's
financial resources effectively and report back to
Tribal Leaders.

EPA does not require a Tribal Nation to install,
implement, or purchase any specific accounting,
management, financial, budgeting, integrated
system, or information technology. However, EPA
does require there be a financial management
system that:
  •   Provides accurate and complete disclosure
      of financial results
  •   Adequately identifies source and use of
      funds
  •   Establishes effective  controls and
      accountability for all grant assets, including
      cash, supplies, equipment, buildings, etc.
  •   Is able to compare actual expenditures to the
      budgeted amounts
  •   Ensures applicable Office of Management
      and Budget cost principles are followed
  •   Maintains adequate support documentation
  •   Maintains adequate cash management
      procedures
EPA reviews a Tribal Nation's written policies and
procedures to help determine the adequacy of the
system. The intended use of this training manual is
to identify and describe the elements a Tribal
Nation's business and financial operations must
have in order to apply for and accurately report on
the financial activities of each EPA assistance
agreement awarded to them.

       For example, a financial policy and
       procedure might authorize the
       environmental program director to review
       accounting entries to ensure accuracy. The
       person that makes deposits should not be
       the same person that balances the accounts.
       Trust, but verify.
       Learner Notes
       Please take a few minutes to do Activity
       4.a (found online at www.petetribal.org).
       You will search the Appendix to locate
       key information, such as federal codes,
       goals and objectives for administrative and
       financial guidance, checklists, surveys, the
       onsite questionnaire, and examples of
       policies and procedures. Knowing where
       to find the information is "half the battle"
       when managing federal grants.
           EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
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                            Module 4:  Grants Management Systems
Which systems are required to comply with
federal and EPA regulations?

 A. Administrative and financial systems
   supported by written policies and procedures
 B. A computerized accounting system supported
   by standardized financial forms
 C. Separate financial systems for each award
 D. Formal evaluation systems
 E. All of the above
   Internal Review and Approval Process

    • Kveryune must agree and sign their approval
     Internal Review and Approval
                 Processes
What policies and procedures are needed?
A Tribal Nation should have written policies and
procedures that identify responsibilities in the
process. A single individual should be responsible
within each process for granting approval or
concurrence on official documents by signing his
or her name.
For many Tribal Nations, the process will require
approvals or concurrence from Tribal Leaders,
program administration, financial and budget
personnel, and/or human resources. This process
may take a few weeks or more.
      Learner Notes
      The administrative and financial structures
      described below are generalized examples.
      Individual Tribal Nations may structure
      their systems differently.
                                                         Human Subjects at Risk


                                                          • Tribal Nations may find the Institutional Review
                                                           Board (IRB) internal review process to be a
                                                           helpful grants management strategy.

                                                          • A written policy on research involving human
                                                           subjects is required for all EPA projects.
                                                   The National Science Foundation (NSF) has
                                                   expanded the definition of "risk". NSF now
                                                   requires proposals to go through an internal review
                                                   process. An Institutional Review Board (IRB) is
                                                   established by the grant recipient to review
                                                   proposals before they are submitted. An IRB will
                                                   determine if there is human risk involved in the
                                                   project. This process assures that research
                                                   involving human subjects protects those subjects
                                                   from risk.

                                                   Human Risk now includes any "soft or social
                                                   science" (personal) questions, such as those found
                                                   on an average survey. Any questions that can be
                                                   traced back to the person responding are now
                                                   covered under the definition of Human Risk. The
                                                   expansion of this definition protects personal and
                                                   community information from misuse made possible
                                                   by new technologies. With advancements in
                                                   computer science, it is now possible to trace
                                                   seemingly disparate information back to the person
                                                   interviewed.

                                                   An Institutional Review Board is developed by the
                                                   grant recipient.  Tribal Nations may find the
                                                   institutional review board, internal review process
                                                   to be a helpful grants management strategy. For
                                                   NSF and EPA the IRB process requires a written
                                                   policy. A written policy might include:

                                                           The Tribal Nation does not
                                                           conduct research involving
                                                           human subjects and is
                                                           therefore exempt from the
                                                           Basic Health and Human
                                                           Services Policy for Protection
                                                           of Human Research Subjects
                                                           as stated in 45 CFR 46.101.
                                                           No human beings will be at
                                                           risk from involvement in this
                                                           EPA project as  determined
                                                           by an Institutional Review
                                                           Board.
          EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
Last Updated April 2013
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                            Module 4:  Grants Management Systems
   Administrative Unit
   Grants Management
    • klcnlilx ur;ip|>ru\v p.irtic.s iv.xpmisihk' fur:
     - Writing
      Reviewing
     c Approving
     •> Signing
       • .\pplicjtinns. anards. ond amendments
    • Cummunicuting with EPA

               Administration
What should an administrative unit do to ensure
the application approval process flows smoothly?
Part of the administrative unit's role in the
application approval process is to identify or
approve parties responsible for writing, reviewing,
approving, and signing applications, awards, and
amendments, and communicating with EPA.
Administrative approval should clearly indicate
which individuals within the Tribal Nation's
leadership have authority to approve a funding
assistance application.
    1 Monitor und overscv uwcjixls once they are
     received from EPA.
    > Ensure compliance \\ith EPA's "terms and
     conditions''.
   Authorized Certifying Official
     Named on the award document

    • Responsible for ensuring compliance with
     federal regulations
This approval process is usually tied to the
administration functions in the organizational
chart, which identifies departments with
responsible parties listed first. The designated party
is the Authorized Certifying Official named on
the award document. The Authorized Certifying
Official is responsible for ensuring compliance
with federal regulations.
             Grants Management
What is the role of grants management?
Grants management's role is to monitor and
oversee awards once they are received from EPA.
Management procedures ensure compliance with
EPA's "terms and conditions".

Grants Managers are typically responsible for:

  •   Ensuring compliance with EPA "terms and
      conditions"
  •   Submitting programmatic progress reports to
      EPA
  •   Regularly communicating with the EPA
      regional office personnel
  •   Tracking, monitoring, and reporting on
      environmental results
  •   Establishing and obtaining approval of a
      quality action plan (QAP if required).
        Your region may refer to this as a:
            •   Quality Assurance Project Plan
                (QAPP),
            •   Quality Management Plan
                (QMP), or
            •   Tribal Quality Action Plan
                (TQAP).

Larger Tribal Governments may have a Grants and
Contract Analyst or Administrator to coordinate
administrative requirements.
          EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
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                            Module 4:  Grants Management Systems
    • Ensure proper tracking of:
     » I-'unds received und disbursed
     » Costs incurred
       I'iiymentsmade
    • Establishing new accounts, reports, and cost
     centers


                   Finance
What is the role of the finance department?
Financial policies and procedures are important to
ensure that program and financial personnel within
a Tribal Nation are informed about proposed
projects and can ensure proper tracking of funds,
received and disbursed, costs incurred, and
payments made (e.g., establishing new accounts,
new reports, and new cost centers).

The finance department ensures policies and
procedures comply with EPA regulations for cash
management and closeout of awards after the
performance and budget periods. Reports are
scheduled and completed on a regular basis.

An internal auditor, audit staff, or Tribal
Administrator arranges an independent audit of the
accounting and financial management process,
cash receipts and payments, and safeguarding of
assets. This assures their internal controls are
maintained for all assets.

The Chief Financial Officer (sometimes the
Treasurer) is responsible for:
    •   Establishing:
            o   Accounts
            o   Cost centers
    •   Tracking:
            o   Funds (received and disbursed)
            o   Costs incurred
            o   Payments made
    •   Complying with EPA regulations
    •   Submitting financial status reports
    •   Arranging Audits
            o   Filing OMB A-133 single audit
                statements
    •   Safeguarding assets
    •   Closing out awards
   Accounting

    • The budget and accounting process ensures:
     1 Award funds
     1 I' rog ra min com e,and
      Matching funds are:
       • Identified
       • Authorized
       • '•• •	li-d I'd. .mil
       • Limitations placed mi usu%r

                  Accounting
How does the budget and accounting function
work within the finance process?
Some Tribal nations maintain a separate
accounting department. The budget and
accounting process ensures award funds,
program income, and matching funds are
identified, authorized, accounted for, and
limitations placed on usage. Someone other than
the finance department should be involved in the
budget and accounting process.

At least monthly, environmental directors should
review the budget as entered in the accounting
system and accounting entries made to the funds
for which they are responsible. If the budget and
accounting review process is separate  from the
financial process it gives Tribal Leaders assurance
that it is within the  Tribal Nation's resources to
complete the project and use of project funds is
beneficial to the Nation.

Accountants:
    •   Make entries in project accounts
    •   Ensure expenditures are reasonable,
        allowable, and allocable
    •   Provide monthly budget statements
       Learner Notes
       Some Tribal Nations have separate finance
       and accounting departments. If so, policies
       and procedures need to be clearly defined
       so that each department knows what must
       be done and who is responsible.
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                             Module 4: Grants Management Systems
   Human Resources


    • Written policies and procedures establish:
       Salary ranges and standards for each position
     c Inscribing the
       • Duties
       • KesponsihilitiLS. und
       • Actions expfctf d
Which administrative unit ensures proper
tracking and reporting of award funds?

 A. Administration
 B. Grants Management
 O. Finance
 D, Accounting
 E. I lumun resources
              Human Resources
Which functions could human resources manage?
The human resources department ensures that the
costs associated with the project's human capital
are identified correctly and appropriate costs are
charged to the project.

Written policies and procedures establish salary
ranges and standards for each position, describing
the duties, responsibilities, and actions expected.
Also, when there are new employees to be hired, a
Tribal Nation can plan a recruiting strategy.

Human resource policies and procedures establish
standards for each project position,  such as:
    •   Salary ranges
    •   Recruitment
    •   Hiring and firing
    •   Benefits
    •   Duty and responsibility descriptions

The human resources process manages personnel
functions, such as employment, and may include
payroll,  leave, benefits, conflict of interest, travel
policy, etc., even if the finance units do not.

Human resources personnel may manage functions,
such as:
    •   Payroll
    •   Authorizations and vouchers
    •   Signature routing
    •   File initiation and maintenance
    •   Conflict resolution
Which administrative unit manages
personnel?

 A. Administration
 B. Grants Management
 C. Finance
 D. Accounting
 E. Human resources
Which administrative unit approves a party as
the authorized certifying official?

 A. Administration
 B. Grants Management
 C. Finance
 D. Accounting
 E. Human resources
Which administrative unit monitors
progress and compliance?

A. Administration
B. Grants Management
C. Finance
D. Accounting
E. Human resources
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                            Module 4:  Grants Management Systems
   Which administrative unit ensures budgetary
   records are accurate?

   A. Administration
   B. Grants Management
   C. Finance
   D. Accounting
   E. Human resources
   Organizational Policies and Procedures
       Organizational Policies and
                Procedures
What written organizational policies and
procedures are necessary for proper grants
management?
A Tribal Nation should have the following policies
and procedures documented in their management
systems. Nations may choose to have additional
written policies and procedures in place. Only the
basic ones are described in this  manual.

Policies and procedures described in this manual
include:
    •   Application review and approval process
    •   Documentation process for financial and
        programmatic recordkeeping
    •   Internal controls for protection of EPA
        funds
    •   Personnel  and payroll processes
        Time  and effort tracking, monitoring and
            reporting; conflict of interest
            disclosure; and codes of conduct
    •   Financial management
        EPA-Electronic Funds Transfer
            enrollment and processing functions
        Procurement (equipment, supplies, and
            services)
        Organizational chart with administrative
        policies for checks and balances and
        internal controls with defined lines of
        authority
        Personnel and payroll processes
          are described in Module 5.
                                                         Organizational Chart
             Organizational Chart
How can an organizational chart help?
Internal control policies should include an
approved organizational chart showing various
responsibility centers within the Tribal Nation. The
chart aligns with administrative procedures for
checks and balances on internal systems with
clearly defined lines of authority.

An organizational chart is helpful to have when
initiating the grant application process. It helps to
identify key personnel and show EPA that the
Tribal Nation has the ability to properly manage
the grant.
      •   One benefit of having an updated
          organizational chart is to ensure better
          communications and understanding
          within a Tribal Nation's organizations.
      •   Additional benefits may include
          teaching visitors and federal agencies
          how the Tribal Nation's government is
          organized. The organizational chart also
          helps to educate others on a Tribal
          Nation's cultural values.
If a Tribal Nation does not have something
showing responsibilities and workflow, it becomes
more difficult for the organization to ensure proper
procedures and processes are followed by the
individuals involved in applying or accepting
responsibility for EPA funds. However, an
effective system enables personnel to work
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Last Updated April 2013
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                            Module 4:  Grants Management Systems
together, within and between departments, to
ensure work is complete and of good quality.
      Learner Notes
      Activity 4.b (found online at
      www.petetribal. org) asks you to sketch an
      organizational chart for your Tribal
      Nation's administrative and financial
      systems. Knowing who is responsible for
      what makes work a lot easier.
                                                          Documentation Process
                                                           • Demonstrates
                                                           how funds are:
                                                           ° Controlled
                                                             ! tisbni ;ed
                                                           »Safeguarded
                          • Include records
                           from project
                           development up
                           to and including
                           the final closeout
                           letter
           Documentation Process
What kind of documentation process needs to be
in place?
A paper trail of all required documents with
signatures should be kept on file and made
available to anyone concerned. Once a Tribal
Nation accepts an award, they agree to provide
documentation to EPA demonstrating how funds
are controlled, disbursed, and safeguarded.

A signature sheet (similar to the  sample pictured
below) should be circulated with the application
package. Official signatures indicate the enclosed
EPA assistance agreement application has been
reviewed and approved.
   What does an organizational chart do?

    A. Delineate various responsibility centers vvithin
      the Tribal Nation
    B. Facilitate communications and understanding
      within a Tribal Nation's organizations
    0. Educate others about how the Tribal Nation's
      government is organized
    D. Show that a Tribal Nation has the
      capabilities to manage an EPA grant
    E. All of the above
                                                          Signature Sheet
    Authorized Certifying Official
    Grruils M.iiiagcment
    Finance
    Accounting
    Human Resources

    Circulate a signature sheet with the application
    package to ensure department heads have
    reviewed and approved the project plan.
                                                      Documentation of procedures and policies may
                                                      include:
                                                           •    Official written policies detailing the
                                                               procedures listed in the application review
                                                               and approval process
                                                           •    Official file(s) showing all documentation
                                                               starting with the:
                                                           •    Initial application
                                                           •    Additional guidance received from EPA
          EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
Last Updated April 2013
                                   Page 13 of 18

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                             Module 4:  Grants Management Systems
    •   Official signed assistance agreement
        award document granting funds to the
        Tribal Nation
    •   Revisions or adjustments to the award
    •   Official file(s) holding all documentation,
        both programmatic and financial, once the
        assistance agreement is received from
        EPA and accepted by the Tribal Nation

The documentation process should include records
from project development up to and including the
final closeout letter. Records must be kept for at
least three years and possibly up to ten years
following receipt of the closeout letter.
remedied immediately. It won't have time to
become a bigger problem.
                             Keep all documents
                            pertainingtoa single
                              project together.
Folders in the grants management file include
anything with a signature, such as:

      •   Narrative
      •   Budget
      •   Budget modifications
      •   Communications with EPA officials
      •   Partnerships with sub-awardees and
          contractors
      •   Progress reports
      •   Financial status reports
      •   Closeout

Keep records safe. Don't rely on forensic
accounting to recreate files. Backup all paper
copies with electronic versions and store backup
files in an off-site location. In the eyes of federal
agencies, "If you don't have documentation,
then it never happened."

EPA recommends you email a summary of your
understanding after a face-to-face or phone
conversation. This way both parties have a record
of what was discussed and any decisions that were
made. If there is any misunderstanding, it can be
   Documentation should:

   A.  Include written policies and procedures
   B.  Demonstrate hem funds ure managed
   C.  Track programmatic progress
   1).  Maintain financia] and accounting rixoixls
   E.  All of the above
   Internal Controls

    • Ensure funds are:
     c Protected from:
       • Waste
       • Fraud
       • Abuse
       • Mismanagement
     ° Managed by trained personnel using accurate and
       reliable accounting practices
     ° Managed in a way that complies with all
       applicable laws and regulations

               Internal Controls
How do we protect the funds?
All award recipients should have administrative
and financial policies and procedures in place to
provide internal controls that reasonably ensure
funds are protected from:

      •    Waste
      •    Fraud
      •    Abuse
      •    Mismanagement
      •    Managed by accurate and reliable
           accounting practices and personnel
      •    Managed in a way that complies with
           all applicable laws and regulations

These policies and procedures are especially
important once an EPA assistance agreement is
accepted by a Tribal Nation. These policies and
procedures are necessary to show that actual
practices of the Tribal Nation are being carried out
as prescribed in the "terms and conditions" of the
award document.
           EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
Last U pdated April 2013                                                                        Page 14 of 18

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                             Module 4:  Grants Management Systems
           Examples of Internal Controls
     Signatures
     Duplicationof services
     Audits
     Training
     Oversight
     Authorization
     Trip reports
     Copies of Invoices
     Monthly recondliationof
Inventory
Follow-up emails
Tagging of equipmentand
supplies
Regular meetings
Date and initial stamps
Checks andbalances
Monthly review of general ledger
     program records
   Establish a policy for effective communication and transition consistency
Reflection
Consider your own systems:
        •   What policies and procedures
             are in place to comply with
             EPA's cash management
             requirements?
        •   How can you improve on
             current protection practices?
        •   Do you use an internal or
             external auditor to
             independently review
             accounting and financial
             management processes, cash
             receipts and payments and
             safeguarding of assets?
    Conflict of Interest Policy
         Grant recipients must have a
           conflict of interest policy
              that clearly defines
          disciplinary actions and/or
      consequences for non-compliance.
           EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
Last Updated April 2013
                                                                 Page 15 of 18

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                                                        Module 4: Grants Management Systems
                                                               Attachment to Module 4
                                                       Answers to Quizdom Actionpoint Questions
                              Question (bold font indicates correct answer)
         What is the most important reason why we need administrative systems?
               A.   To assign personnel to specific tasks
               B.   To document the awards process
               C.   To ensure accountability and consistent progress
               D.   To evaluate personnel according to EPA standards
               E.   All of the above
An administrative system ensures the Tribal Nation's award projects address the goals
and objectives stated in the work plan and continue to make sufficient progress toward
achievement.
         Why do we need financial systems?
             A.   To document the source of funds
             B.   To determine how the funds are being used
             C.   To comply with regulations
             D.   Because there are so many objectives and costs to track
             E.   All of the above
Documenting the source of funds and how the funds are used help a Tribal Nation
comply with EPA regulations that require tracking the many objectives and tasks
involved in an award project and the costs required to accomplish the objectives.
12
         Why are administrative and financial systems so important?
             A.   Written policies assure consistent management
             B.   Each award needs to be tracked separately
             C.   Written procedures ensure control of all awards
             D.   Regulations require these systems
             E.   All of the above
The funds received from EPA need to be reported separately from funds generated
through Tribal businesses and other federal assistance agreement awards. Systems
facilitate communication while providing checks and balances for effective internal
control.
16
         How can General Assistance Program award funds be used on grants management systems?
             A.   To develop new components
             B.   To develop new strategies
             C.   To improve existing systems
             D.   Only when written into the GAP work plan
             E.   All of the above
If yourTribal Nation has a General Assistance Program (GAP) grant, you may use part of
the funds and work hours to assist in developing or improving grants management
systems.

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                                                        Module 4: Grants Management Systems
         Which systems are required to comply with federal and EPA regulations?
               A.   Administrative and financial systems supported by written policies and
                   procedures
               B.   A computerized accounting system supported by standardized financial
                   forms
               C.   Separate financial systems for each award
               D.   Formal evaluation systems
               E.   All of the above
                                                      Administrative and financial systems must be in place but they need not be
                                                      computerized, formally evaluated, or separate from other systems serving the Tribal
                                                      Nation. Establish one system with separate accounts for each federal award.
35
         Which administrative unit ensures proper tracking and reporting of award funds?
              A.   Administration
              B.   Grants Management
              C.   Finance
              D.   Accounting
              E.   Human resources
37
         Which administrative unit manages personnel?
              A.   Administration
              B.   Grants Management
              C.   Finance
              D.   Accounting
              E.   Human resources
39
         Why administrative unit approves a party as the authorized certifying official?
             A.   Administration
             B.   Grants Management
             C.   Finance
             D.   Accounting
             E.   Human resources
41
         Which administrative unit monitors progress and compliance?
              A.   Administration
              B.   Grants Management
              C.   Finance
              D.   Accounting
              E.   Human resources
Last Updated April 2013
EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
                                                               Page 17 of 18

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                                                         Module 4: Grants Management Systems
         Which administrative unit ensures budgetary records are accurate?
              A.   Administration
              B.   Grants Management
              C.   Finance
              D.   Accounting
              E.   Human resources
                                                                              Your Tribal Nation may have different names for each of these administrative
                                                                              responsibilities and the personnel charged with implementing policies and procedures.
                                                                              The essential functions remain and acceptance of an EPA assistance agreement award
                                                                              means you agree to manage those functions in accordance with EPA rules and
                                                                              regulations.
49
         What does an organizational chart do?
              A.   Delineate various responsibility centers within the Tribal Nation
              B.   Facilitate communications and understanding within a Tribal Nation's
                   organizations
                   Educate others about how the Tribal Nation's government is organized
                   Show that a Tribal Nation has the
                   capabilities to manage an EPA grant
                   All of the above
                                                                              An organizational chart facilitates communications and understanding within a Tribal
                                                                              Nation's operating organizations.
C.
D.
              E.
55
         Documentation should:
              A.   Include written policies and procedures
              B.   Demonstrate how funds are managed
              C.   Track programmatic progress
              D.   Maintain financial and accounting records
              E.   All of the above
                                                                              Documentation is extremely important. Keeping records of all plans and activities
                                                                              enable a Tribal Nation to explain how the award was used.
Last Updated April 2013
                       EPA Tribal, U.S. Territories and Insular Areas Administrative and Financial Guidance for Assistance Agreements
                                                                                      Page 18 of 18

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