Transport Partnership
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Barge Carrier Partner 2.O.I3 Tool:
Technical Documentation S^
2OI3 Data Year - United States Version
oEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
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Transport Partnership
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Barge Carrier Partner 2.O.I3 Tool:
Technical Documentation
2OI3 Data Year - United States Version
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
United States Office ofTransportation and Air Quality
Environmental Protection ^p^ 420 B 14 012
Agency March 2014
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SmartWay2.0.13
Barge Tool
Technical Documentation
2-28-14
1.0 Emission Factors and Associated Activity Inputs
Emission factors form the basis for the emission calculations in the Barge Tool. The
Tool uses the latest and most comprehensive emission factors available for marine
propulsion and auxiliary engines. The following discusses the data sources used to
compile the emission factors used in the Tool, and the fleet characteristic and activity
data inputs needed to generate fleet performance metrics.
1.1 Available Emission Factors
Propulsion Engines
C02 emissions are calculated using fuel-based factors, expressed in grams per gallon of
fuel. Available fuel options include marine distillate (diesel - both low and ultra-low
sulfur), biodiesel, and liquefied natural gas (LNG). The Barge Tool uses the same
gram/gallon fuel factors for C02 that are used in the other carrier tools (Truck, Rail, and
Multi-modal), as shown in Table 1. These factors are combined directly with the annual
fuel consumption values input into the Tool to estimate mass emissions for propulsion
and auxiliary engines. (The fuel consumption inputs are summed across both of these
engine types). The factors for biodiesel are a weighted average of the diesel and B100
factors shown in the table, weighted by the biodiesel blend percentage.
Table 1. CO2 Factors by Fuel Type*
Diesel
Biodiesel (B100)
LNG
S/gal
10,180
9,460
4,394
Source1
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
* 100% combustion (oxidation) assumed
The Barge Tool uses emission factors expressed in g/kW-hr to estimate NOX and PM
emissions. For marine distillate fuel, the Tool uses EPA emission factors developed to
i) Fuel economy calculations in 40 C.F.R 600.113 available at
http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2004/julqtr/pdf/40cfr600.113-93.pdf.
ii) Tables IV.A.3-2 and 3-3 in A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions, available at
http://www.epa.gov/oms/models/analvsis/biodsl/p02001.pdf
iii) Assuming 74,720 Btu/gal lower heating value (http://www.afdc.energv.gov/afdc/fuels/properties.html). and
0.059 g/Btu.
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support its recent marine vessel rules. The NOX and PM10 emission factors for main
propulsion engines using low (500 ppm) and ultra-low (15 ppm) sulfur distillate fuel are
a function of year of manufacture (or rebuild), as well as Engine Class (1 or 2 for
tugs/tows), and rated engine power (in kW). These factors, presented in Tables A-1
and A-2 in the Appendix, are combined with estimated engine activity in kW-hrs to
estimate mass emissions, as described in Section 2. The PM10 factors are multiplied by
0.97 to obtain PM25 estimates, consistent with the conversion factors used by the EPA
NONROAD model.
NOX and PM emission factors for biodiesel were based on the findings from an EPA
study, A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions (EPA420-
P-02-001, October 2002). This study developed regression equations to predict the
percentage change in NOX and PM emission rates relative to conventional diesel fuel, as
a function of biodiesel blend percentage, expressed in the following form:
Equation 1
% change in emissions = {exp[a x (vol% biodiesel)] -1} x 100%
Where:
a = 0.0009794 for NOX, and
a = -0.006384 for PM
For example, the NOx reduction associated with B20 is calculated as follows
- [Exp(0.0009747 x 20)-1 ] x 100 = 1.9%
To obtain the final NOx emissions the unadjusted NOx is multiplied by (1-0.019) =
0.991,
Using Equation 1, adjustment factors were developed for biodiesel blends based on the
percentage of the biofuel component, and then these adjustment factors were applied to
the appropriate conventional diesel emission factors in Appendix A. Ultra-low sulfur
diesel fuel (15 ppm sulfur) is assumed as the basis for adjustments.
Emission factors were also developed for LNG derived from a variety of data sources
including EPA, U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), Swedish EPA, and the
California Energy Commission. The following emission factors were assumed,
corresponding to slow-speed engines operating on natural gas.
• 5.084 g NOx/kW-hr
• 0.075 g PM10/kW-hr
Note that for LNG, emission factors are assumed to be independent of model year and
engine size. In addition, as LNG PM emissions are primarily the result of lube oil
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combustion, the Barge Tool assumes PM25 emissions equal 97% of PM10 emissions,
consistent with the conversion used for diesel fuel.
Auxiliary Engines
NOX and PM emissions associated with diesel auxiliary engine operation are calculated
in the exact same fashion as propulsion engine emissions, assuming all auxiliary
engines fall into EPA engine category 1. Separate PM factors are used for low and
ultra-low sulfur fuel. Alternative fuels and retrofits are not allowed for auxiliary engines
at this time.
1.2 Activity Data Inputs
The Barge Tool requires Partners to input vessel and barge characterization and activity
data. The input data required to calculate emissions and associated performance
metrics include:
• Total number of barges and tugs
• Vessel-specific information -
o Propulsion engine model/rebuild year
o EPA Engine Class (1 or 2)
o Fuel type (diesel - 15 or 500 ppm, biodiesel, and LNG)
o Retrofit information (technology and/or % NOX and/or PM reduction, if
applicable)
o Annual fuel use (gallons or tons) - Total for propulsion and auxiliary
engines
o Vessel towing capacity (tons)2
o Propulsion engine operation
• # engines (1 or 2)
• Total rated power (HP or kW- sum if two engines)
• Hours of operation per year (underway and maneuvering)
o Auxiliary engine operation (for each engine)3
• Engine age
• Rated power (HP or kW)
• Hours of operation per year
• Barge operation information
o Barge type (hopper, covered cargo, tank, deck, container, other)
o Barge size, by type (150, 175, 195-200 and 250-300 feet in length)
o For each type/size combination
• Number
2 Used to establish upper bound validation limit for total payload ton-mile entries. Not expressed in Bollard Pull
since that unit does not uniquely correspond to payload.
3 Note - the Barge Tool assumes all auxiliary engines are diesel powered.
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• Average cargo volume utilization (%) - for each size/type
combination
• Average annual loaded miles per barge (nautical)
• Average annual empty miles per barge (nautical)
• Average loaded payload per barge (short tons)
• Total annual fleet activity (used for validation - must match totals calculated from
barge operation information to within 5%)
o Ton-miles
o Loaded barge-miles
o Unloaded barge-miles
Vessel and barge characterization and activity data are needed for three reasons:
1. To convert the hours of engine operation to kilowatt-hours, it is necessary to
know the kilowatt or horsepower rating of the vessel's propulsion and auxiliary
engines. Given hours of operation, the Tool can then calculate kilowatt-hours —
which is compatible with the available emission factors for both engine types.
2. To classify which regulations the vessel is subject to. EPA engine class is
required to identify the correct NOX and PM emission factors for propulsion
engines. Rated power is used to determine the appropriate emission category
for auxiliary engines.
3. To combine mass emission estimates with barge-mile, ton-mile and volume-mile
activity to develop fleet and company-level performance metrics. (Note, total
emissions are also calculated and reported at the vessel-specific level.)
The following section describes how the activity data inputs and the emission factors
are combined to generate mass emission estimates and associated performance
metrics.
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2.0 Emission Estimation
The following sections discuss how emissions are calculated, beginning with selection
of emission factors.
2.1 CO, Calculation
'2
Annual vessel-specific fuel consumption values may be input in the Barge Tool in
gallons or tons. Entries in tons are converted to gallons using the following factors:
• Diesel - 284 gallons/ton
• Biodiesel (B100)-271 gallons/ton5
• LNG - 526 gallons/ton"
Once all fuel consumption values have been converted to gallons, C02 mass emission
estimates are calculated for each vessel using the factors shown in Table 1, converted
to short tons (1.1023 x 10"6 short tons/gram), and summed across vessels to obtain tons
of C02 per year for the entire vessel fleet.
2.2 NO and PM Calculations
NOX and PM are calculated based on kW-hr activity estimates. This approach allows
emission calculations to account for the size of the vessel's propulsion engine as well as
auxiliary engines and the amount of time a vessel spends maneuvering in port and
underway. Equation 2 presents the general equation for calculating NOX and PM
emissions for each propulsion engine using diesel fuel.7
Equation 2
EMpo = (Pw/#e) x 0.7457 x Hro x LF/IOO x EFcykasp/1,102,300
Where:
EMpo = Marine vessel emissions for pollutant (p) and operation (o)
(tons/year)
Pw = Total power rating of the vessel's propulsion engines (hp or
kW)
4 http://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c6-87.html
5 for soy-based B100 at 70 degrees F: http://www.nrel.gov/vehiclesandfuels/pdfs/43672.pdf
6 http://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/oil-gas/publications/LNG/LNG_BasicFacts.pdf
7 Note: the PM emission factors used in the Barge Tool estimate direct or "primary" PM produced as a result of
incomplete combustion. Estimates do not include indirect PM emissions associated with sulfur gas compounds
aerosolizing in the atmosphere.
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#e = Number of propulsion engines (1 or 2)8
0.7457 = Conversion factor from horsepower to kilowatts, if needed
(kW/hp - Perry's Chemical engineer's Handbook)
Hr0 = Total annual hours of operation for the propulsion engines in
operating mode o (hr)
LF = Load factor for operating mode o - see Table 2 (percentage)
EFcykap = Emission factor for operation mode o, fuel type a, engine
category c and pollutant p (grams/kW-hr) - see Tables A-1
and A-2
1,102,300 = Conversion factor from grams to short tons
subscripts -
o = Operation (underway or maneuvering)
c = EPA Engine Category (1 or 2)
y = Year of manufacture
k = Kilowatt rating
a = Fuel type (low or ultra-low sulfur distillate)
p = Pollutant
If the vessel's power is provided in terms of kilowatts, then the conversion from
horsepower to kilowatts is not needed.
The load factors used in the above equations are provided in Table 2 below. These load
factors were compiled from a variety of sources and disaggregated into vessel
categories used in this project. The data sources include: EPA's Regulatory Impact
Analysis: Control of Emissions of Air Pollution from Locomotive Engines and Marine
Compression Ignition Engines Less than 30 Liters Per Cylinder (EPA, 2008);
Commercial Marine Port Inventory Development 2002 and 2005 Inventories (EPA,
2007b); Current Methodologies in Preparing Mobile Source Port-Related Emission
Inventories (EPA, 2009); and European Commission/Entech study (EC, 2002).
Table 2. Marine Vessel Engine Load Factors (%)
Engine
Type
Propulsion
Auxiliary
Load Factor (%)
Maneuvering
20
Underway
80
179
8 This approach assumes that multiple propulsion engines are of the same type, power, and age, and operate in
tandem.
9 Average auxiliary engine load factor for cruise operation, from ICF International, Current Methodologies in
Preparing Mobile Source Port-Related Emission Inventories, Final Report, prepared for USEPA, April 2009. Cruise
conditions are assumed most prevalent; to the extent that auxiliary engines are also used during maneuvering and
hotelling, load factors and emissions will be higher.
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If biodiesel is used, NOX and PM emissions are calculated assuming ultra-low sulfur
diesel fuel as the basis, with the emission factors adjusted according to the fuel blend
percentage as described in Section 1.1.
If LNG is used, NOX and PM emissions are calculated by simply multiplying the g/kW-hr
factors presented in Section 1.1 by the effective kW-hrs of operation (hours of use x
load factor), summed across operation type (underway and maneuvering).
Retrofit Effectiveness
The Barge Tool allows the user to select from a variety of propulsion engine retrofit
options. Options were only identified for diesel marine engines, and were based on
emission adjustment factors developed for EPA's MARKAL model.10 The reduction
factors assumed for each of these control options are presented in Table 3. The Barge
Tool only allows the user to specify one retrofit for a given propulsion engine -
combinations are not permitted at this time.
Table 3. Diesel Propulsion Engine Retrofit Reduction Factors
Control
Fuel Injection Engine Improvements
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)
Common rail
Diesel Electric
Humid Air Motor (HAM)
Hybrid Engines
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst
Lean NOx Catalyst
Reduction Factor
NOX
0.12
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.35
0
0.35
PM
0.12
0
0.1
0.2
0
0.35
0.2
0
Barge Tool users may also specify details and assumed emission reductions for other
control measures not listed in the table above, although detailed text descriptions
should be provided justifying the use of any alternative factors.
If retrofit Information has been entered for a vessel, the NOX and PM emissions
calculated above are adjusted by the factors shown in Table 3.11 For example, a 20%
reduction in PM emissions associated with a diesel oxidation catalyst would require an
adjustment factor of 1 - 0.2 (0.8) to be applied to the calculated PM values.
Finally, NOX and PM emissions are summed across all vessels and source types
(propulsion and auxiliary) to obtain fleet and company-level mass emission estimates.
10 Eastern Research Group, "MARKAL Marine Methodology", prepared for Dr. Cynthia Gage, US EPA, December
30, 2010.
11 The Barge Tool assumes that retrofits are only applied to main propulsion engines, not auxiliary engines.
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3.0 Comparison Metrics
The Barge Tool is designed to apply the calculated emissions to a variety of operational
parameters. This provides performance metrics that are used as a reference point to
evaluate a Partner's environmental performance relative to other SmartWay Partners
across different transportation modes. In this way the metrics presented here are made
comparable to the metrics used in the other carrier tools.
For these comparisons to be most precise, it may be necessary to group the data into
comparable operating characteristic bins to ensure that similar operations are being
compared. For example, open-water barge operations may need to be considered
separately from river barge operations because these vessels and their activities are
very different. For this reason the Barge Tool collects a variety of vessel and barge
characteristic information that may be used to differentiate barge operations in the
future.
The following summarizes how the Barge Tool performance metrics are calculated for a
given pollutant. Note: all distances are reported in nautical miles.12
Grams per Barge-Mile
Equation 3
grams / (loaded + unloaded barge-miles - from Total Fleet Activity entry)
Grams per Ton-Mile
Equation 4
grams / (total ton-miles - from Total Fleet Activity entry)
Grams per 1,000 Total Cubic Foot-Miles
Equation 5
grams / [ £ (# barges x # of 1,000 cubic feet per barge x (annual loaded + annual
unloaded miles per barge))]
where £ indicates summation over all barge type/size combinations (i.e., the
individual rows in the Barge Operations screen of the Barge Tool.)
Barge volumes were estimated for each barge type/size combination using
standardized assumptions regarding depth and width. Volumes are summarized below
in Table 4.
121 nautical mile =1.15 statute miles.
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Table 4. Barge Capacity by Type/Length Combination (1,000 cubic feet)
Barge Type*
Hopper Barge
Covered cargo barge13
Tank Barges
Deck Barges
Container Barges
Barge Volume ( 1,000 cubic feet)
250-300'
182
165
160
182
218
195-200'
90
82
56
90
82
175'
81
74
48
81
65
150'
69
63
41
69
49
* "Other" barge types require volumes input by the user
Grams per 1,000 Utilized Cubic Foot-Miles
Equation 6
grams / [ £ (# barges x # of 1,000 cubic feet per barge x (annual loaded miles per barge
x average volume utilization))]
where £ indicates summation over all barge type/size combinations (i.e., the
individual rows in the Barge Operations screen of the Barge Tool.)
13 Assumed maximum volume for covered cargo barge for 250-300 was 265 ft long 52 ft wide and 12 feet deep =
165,360; 195-200 was 195 long 35 ft wide and 12 ft deep; 175 and 150 had the same width and depth of the 195 ft
barge.
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4.0 Data Validation
At this time the Barge Tool employs limited validation to ensure the consistency of
Partner data inputs. Cross-validation of barge and ton-mile inputs are conducted on the
Barge Operations screen. These checks ensure that the values entered in the Fleet
Totals section of the screen for total ton-miles, loaded and unloaded barge-miles are
consistent with the data entered at the row level for the different barge type/size
combinations. Specifically, these three values must be within 5% of the totals
calculated as follows:
Equation 7
Total Ton-miles = [ ^~ (number of barges x Annual Loaded Miles per Barge x Average Loaded
Payload per Barge)]
Equation 8
Loaded Barge-Miles = [ ^~ (number of barges x Annual Loaded Miles per Barge)]
Equation 9
Unloaded Barge-Miles = [ ^~ (number of barges x Annual Empty Miles per Barge)]
The Barge Tool performs one other validation check, ensuring that the fleet's total
payload, as determined from the Barge Operations screen, does not exceed the
maximum possible payload based on the reported towing capacities reported on the
Vessel Operations screen.
10
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5.0 Future Enhancements
The following enhancements are being considered for future versions of the Barge Tool:
• Develop validation ranges for barge-mile, ton-mile, payload, towing capacity,
rated power, and other inputs based on Partner data submissions and/or other
sources.
• Compile list of common data sources for vessel and barge data, based on
Partner data submissions.
• Expanding the list of pollutants to include methane and other greenhouse gases,
sox.
• Add option for dual-fuel propulsion engines.
• Allow user-specified engine load factors (propulsion and auxiliary).
• Develop default average volume utilization and payloads based on commodity
type and other Partner data.
• Allow for vessels with more than 2 propulsion engines.
11
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6.0 References
American Waterway Operators
website:http://www.americanwaterways.com/industry_stats/fleet_data/index.html.
Center for Ports and Waterways, Texas Transportation Institute, Modal Comparison of
Domestic Freight Transportation Effects on The General Public, Houston, Texas, March
2009.
Coosa-Alabama River Improvement Association (CARIA), Barges and Towboats,
(viewed August 1, 2009), http://www.cana.org/barges_tugboats.html.
Dunn and Bradstreet - Hoover, Inland Barge Transport, Viewed March
2010,http://www.hoovers.com/inland-barge-transport/--ID 226--/free-ind-fr-profile-
basic.xhtml.
East Dubugue (ED) Local Area History Project, Barges and Tows, April
200Q.http://www.edbghs.org/District/LocalAreaHistory/BargesandTowslah.htm.
Hines Furlong Line, Tank Barges 2013, http://www.hinesfurlongline.com/eguip_tank.htm
Ingram Barge Company, Barge Register, 2010.
International Maritime Organization (IMO) Updated Study on Greenhouse Gas
Emissions from Ships, April 2009.
McDonough, Deck Barge Fleet,
2013. http://www.mcdonoughmarine.com/pdf/deck_barge_fleet.pdf
Texas Transportation Institute (TTI), and the Center for Ports and Waterways, A Modal
Comparison of Domestic Freight Transportation Effects on the General Public, 2007.
U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Waterborne Commerce Statistics Center,
2007.www.iwr.usace.army.mil/NDC/data/datalink.htm.
U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, North American
Freight Transportation, Washington D.C., June 2006.
U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration's National Energy
Modeling System.Annual Energy Outlook 2009 Early Release: Report #:DOE/EIA-0383.
December 2008.http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/index.html.
U.S. EPA, Category 2 Vessel Census, Activity and Spatial Allocation Assessment and
Category 1 and Category 2 In-Port/At-Sea Splits, February 16, 2007a.
12
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U.S. EPA, Current Methodologies in Preparing Mobile Source Port-Related Emission
Inventories - Final Report, April 2009.
U.S. EPA NEI Marine Vessel PM Methodology,
2009. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume09/commrnves.pdf
U.S. EPA, Regulatory Impact Analysis: Control of Emissions of Air Pollution from
Locomotive Engines and Marine Compression Ignition Engines Less than 30 Liters Per
Cylinder, May 2008.
Wright International, Barge Brokerage, http://www.wright-international.com/brokerage-
baraes.php.
13
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Appendix A: Marine Propulsion and Auxiliary Engine Emission Factors14
14 Emission factors are consistent with EPA's 2008 locomotive and marine Federal Rulemaking -
http://www.epa.gov/otaq/marine.htm.
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Table A-1. Category 1 Distillate Emission Factors
Category
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Engine Size
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
600
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Table A-1. Category 1 Distillate Emission Factors (Cont.)
Category
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Engine Size
6001400
Model
Year
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-2000
2017+
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-2000
2016+
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
6.00
6.00
7.67
7.67
7.67
9.44
9.44
9.44
9.44
10.16
1.30
4.72
4.72
4.72
0.68
0.68
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
7.26
7.26
7.26
9.55
9.55
9.55
9.55
10.27
1.30
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-hr
(Distillate 500 ppm)
6.00
6.00
7.67
7.67
7.67
9.44
9.44
9.44
9.44
10.16
1.30
4.72
4.72
4.72
0.68
0.68
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
7.26
7.26
7.26
9.55
9.55
9.55
9.55
10.27
1.30
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
0.12
0.12
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
0.03
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
0.03
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate 500 ppm)
0.14
0.14
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.22
0.05
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.12
0.12
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.23
0.05
A-3
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Table A-1. Category 1 Distillate Emission Factors (Cont.)
Category
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Engine Size
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
kW>1400
Model
Year
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-2000
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
4.81
4.81
4.81
4.81
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
11.00
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-hr
(Distillate 500 ppm)
4.81
4.81
4.81
4.81
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
9.20
11.00
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.19
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate 500 ppm)
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
A-4
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Table A-2. Category 2 Distillate Emission Factors
Category
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Engine Size
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
<600kW
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
Model
Year
2013+
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-
2000
2018+
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
5.97
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-
hr (Distillate 500 ppm)
5.97
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
0.11
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
0.03
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate 500 ppm)
0.13
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.23
0.05
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
A-5
-------
Table A-2. Category 2 Distillate Emission Factors (Cont.)
Category
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Engine Size
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
600<=kW<1000
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1000<=kW<1400
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
Model
Year
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-
2000
2017+
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-
2000
2016+
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
6.17
6.17
6.55
8.33
8.33
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-hr
(Distillate 500 ppm)
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
6.17
6.17
6.55
8.33
8.33
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
0.03
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
0.03
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.31
0.31
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate 500 ppm)
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.23
0.05
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.23
0.05
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.33
0.33
A-6
-------
Table A-2. Category 2 Distillate Emission Factors (Cont.)
Category
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Engine Size
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
1400<=kW<2000
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
2000<=kW<3700
Model
Year
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-
2000
2016+
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-
2000
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
1.30
1.30
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-hr
(Distillate 500 ppm)
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
1.30
1.30
1.30
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
0.03
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.00
0.31
0.31
0.21
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate 500 ppm)
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.23
0.05
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.23
A-7
-------
Table A-2. Category 2 Distillate Emission Factors (Cont.)
Category
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Engine Size
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
kW>=3700
Model
Year
2017+
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
pre-
2000
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
NOX Weighted EF g/kW-hr
(Distillate 500 ppm)
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
8.33
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
10.55
13.36
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate -15 ppm)
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.18
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.21
PM10 Weighted EFg/kW-
hr (Distillate 500 ppm)
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.20
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.23
A-8
------- |