Light-Duty Automotive Technology,
Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel
Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2011
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
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Light-Duty Automotive Technology,
Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel
Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2011
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA-420-R-12-001a
March 2012
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Table of Contents
Page
I. Executive Summary i
II. Introduction 1
III. Fuel Economy Trends 6
IV. Carbon Dioxide Emissions Trends 18
V. Fuel Economy Trends by Vehicle Type, Size, and Weight 32
VI. Fuel Economy Powertrain Technology Trends 48
VII. Fuel Economy by Manufacturer and Make 77
VIII. References 86
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Table of Contents, continued
Appendices
APPENDIX A -- Database Details and Calculation Methods
APPENDIX B -- Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
APPENDIX C -- Fuel Economy Distribution Data
APPENDIX D -- Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
APPENDIX E -- Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
APPENDIX F -- Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
APPENDIX G — Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
APPENDIX H — Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
APPENDIX I — Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission Type
APPENDIX J -- Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count
APPENDIX K — Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type, Engine Type and
Valves Per Cylinder
APPENDIX L — Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Manufacturer
APPENDIX M — Fuel Economy by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type and Weight Class
APPENDIX N — Fuel Economy and Ton-MPG by Manufacturer, Vehicle Type and Size
APPENDIX O -- MY 2011 Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type, Weight and Manufacturer
APPENDIX P — Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Manufacturer and Vehicle Type
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I. Executive Summary
Introduction
This report summarizes key trends in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, fuel economy, and CO2- and fuel
economy-related technology for gasoline- and diesel-fueled personal vehicles sold in the United States, from model
years (MY) 1975 through 2011. Personal vehicles are those vehicles that EPA classifies as cars, light-duty trucks
(sport utility vehicles, minivans, vans, and pickup trucks with gross vehicle weight ratings up to 8500 pounds), or,
beginning in MY 2011, medium-duty passenger vehicles (sport utility vehicles or passenger vans with gross vehicle
weight ratings between 8500 and 10,000 pounds). The data in this report cover the MY 1975-2011 timeframe,
supersede the data in previous reports in this series, and should not be compared with data from previous years'
editions of this report due to changes discussed below. Except when noted, CO2 emissions and fuel economy values
in this report have been adjusted to reflect "real world" consumer performance and therefore are not comparable to
CO2 emissions and fuel economy standards.
Data for MY 2010 are final, but data for MY 2011 are preliminary. The fleetwide average real world MY
2010 personal vehicle CO2 emissions value is 394 grams per mile (g/mi) and fuel economy is 22.6 miles per gallon
(mpg), both slight improvements over MY 2009 and the most favorable levels since this analysis began in 1975.
Preliminary projections for MY 2011 are for continued slight improvements for both CO2 emissions and fuel
economy. For more discussion of the key conclusions of this report, see the five Highlights at the end of this
Executive Summary.
What's New This Year
Most small, 2 wheel drive SUVs have been reclassified from trucks to cars for the entire MY 1975-2011
database. This reflects a regulatory change made by the Department of Transportation's (DOT) National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) for Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards beginning in MY
2011 and which will apply for the joint EPA/NHTSA greenhouse gas emissions and CAFE standards that have been
finalized for MY 2012-2016 and proposed for MY 2017-2025. Some examples of the impacts of this change are that,
for MY 2010, nearly 1.1 million vehicles are classified as cars that in previous years would have been classified as
trucks, the absolute truck share is nearly 10% lower, the projected average adjusted CO2 emissions for cars are about
9 g/mi higher, the projected average adjusted CO2 emissions for light trucks are 17 g/mi higher, and the projected
average adjusted fuel economies for cars and for light trucks are both 0.7 mpg lower than they would have been under
the previous classification approach. Since this classification change does not affect the overall number of vehicles,
or vehicle emissions/fuel economy performance, it has no impact on the average adjusted CO2 emissions and fuel
economy for the overall (car plus light truck) fleet. When the car fleet is further subdivided into sub-classes, these re-
classified vehicles are referred to as "non-truck SUVs," while the remaining SUVs are termed "truck SUVs."
Beginning with MY 2011, the database now includes medium-duty passenger vehicles (MDPVs), which
include larger sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and passenger vans, but not the larger pickup trucks, in the 8500-10,000
pound gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) range. This change was made because NHTSA includes MDPVs in its
CAFE standards beginning with MY 2011, and EPA and NHTSA include MDPVs in future greenhouse gas
emissions and CAFE standards (and vehicle labels as well). While EPA will be including MDPV data for all years
beginning with MY 2011, EPA does not have data for MDPVs for MY 1975-2010, so there is and will continue to be
a very small discontinuity in the database beginning in MY 2011. The inclusion of MDPVs in MY 2011 increases
projected average adjusted CO2 emissions for light trucks by about 0.5 g/mi (even less for the overall fleet) and
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decreases projected average adjusted fuel economy for light trucks by 0.02 mpg (less for the overall fleet) compared
to the fleet without MDPVs.
Important Explanation of Data Contained in This Report
Final MY 2010 data are based on formal end-of-year CAFE reports submitted by automakers to EPA and will
not change. The preliminary MY 2011 data in this report are based on confidential pre-model year production
volume projections provided to EPA by automakers during MY 2010 for the fuel economy label program.
Accordingly, there is uncertainty in the MY 2011 data used in this report. For example, while the final MY 2010
values for CO2 emissions and fuel economy in this report are essentially the same as the projected MY 2010 values
that were provided in last year's report, in some previous years the preliminary projections were not good predictors
of actual CO2 and fuel economy performance. This report will often focus on the final MY 2010 data, rather than on
the preliminary MY 2011 data, as we have done in prior reports.
The reader is advised to be cautious in making data comparisons between MY 2009 and MY 2010 as the
former was a year of considerable turmoil in the automotive market. Due primarily to the economic recession, light-
duty vehicle production was 34% lower in MY 2009 than in MY 2008, and the lowest since the database began in
1975.
The great majority of the CO2 emissions and fuel economy values in this report are adjusted (ADJ) EPA real-
world estimates provided to consumers and based on EPA's 5-cycle test methodology (which represent city, highway,
high speed/high acceleration, high temperature/air conditioning, and cold temperature driving) that was first
implemented in MY 2008. Appendix A provides a detailed explanation of the method used to calculate these
adjusted fuel economy and CO2 values, which last changed with the 2007 version of this report. In 2011, EPA and
NHTSA revised the fuel economy and environment label to include, among other things, CO2 emissions per mile and
a fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions rating (76 Federal Register 39478, July 6, 2011).
In some tables, the report also provides unadjusted EPA laboratory (LAB) values, which are based on a 2-
cycle test methodology (city and highway tests only) and are the basis for automaker compliance with CO2 emissions
and CAFE standards. All combinations of adjusted or laboratory, and CO2 emissions or fuel economy values, may be
reported as city, highway, or, most commonly, as composite (combined city/highway, or COMP).
Because the underlying methodology for generating unadjusted laboratory CO2 emissions and fuel economy
values has not changed since this series began in the mid-1970s, these values provide a basis for comparing long-term
CO2 emissions and fuel economy trends from the perspective of vehicle design, apart from the factors that affect real-
world driving that are reflected in the adjusted values. These unadjusted laboratory values form the basis for
automaker compliance with CO2 emissions and CAFE standards. Laboratory composite values represent a harmonic
average of 55 percent city and 45 percent highway operation, or "55/45." For 2005 and later model years, unadjusted
laboratory composite CO2 emissions values are, on average, about 20 percent lower than adjusted composite CO2
values, and unadjusted laboratory composite fuel economy values are, on average, about 25 percent greater than
adjusted composite fuel economy values.
Regulatory Context
CAFE standards have been in place since 1978. NHTSA has the responsibility for setting and enforcing
CAFE standards. EPA is responsible for establishing fuel economy test procedures and calculation methods, and for
collecting data used to determine vehicle fuel economy and manufacturer CAFE levels. For MY 2011, the footprint-
based CAFE standards are projected to achieve average industry-wide compliance levels of 30.4 mpg for cars
ii
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(including a 27.8 mpg alternative minimum standard for domestic cars for all manufacturers) and 24.4 mpg for light
trucks (75 FR25330, May 7, 2010). There are no greenhouse gas emissions standards for MY 2011.
For MY 2012 and later, EPA and NHTSA have been jointly developing a harmonized National Program to
establish EPA greenhouse gas emissions standards and NHTSA CAFE standards that allow manufacturers to build a
single national fleet to meet requirements of both programs while ensuring that consumers have a full range of
vehicle choices. The National Program has been supported by a wide range of stakeholders: most major automakers,
the United Auto Workers, the State of California, and major consumer and environmental groups.
In 2010, the agencies finalized the first harmonized standards for MY 2012-2016 (75 Federal Register 25324,
May 7, 2010). The standards for MY 2012 are now in effect. By MY 2016, the average industry-wide compliance
levels for these footprint-based standards are projected to be 250 g/mi CO2 and 34.1 mpg CAFE. The 250 g/mi CO2
compliance level would be equivalent to 35.5 mpg if all CO2 emissions reductions are achieved through fuel economy
improvements. In 2011, the agencies proposed additional harmonized standards for MY 2017-2025 (76 FR 74854,
December 1, 2011). Under the currently-proposed footprint-based standards, by MY 2025 the average industry-wide
compliance levels are projected to be 163 g/mi CO2 and 49.6 mpg CAFE. The 163 g/mi CO2 compliance level would
be equivalent to 54.5 mpg if all CO2 emissions reductions are achieved solely through improvements in fuel
economy. For both MY 2012-2016 and MY 2017-2025, the agencies expect that a portion of the required CO2
emissions improvements will be achieved by reductions in air conditioner refrigerant leakage, which would not
contribute to higher fuel economy.
These projected levels for MY 2025 represent an approximate halving of CO2 emissions and doubling of fuel
economy levels since the National Program was announced in May 2009. Taken together, the MY 2011 CAFE
standards, the MY 2012-2016 greenhouse gas emissions and CAFE standards, and the proposed MY 2017-2025
greenhouse gas emissions and CAFE standards are projected to save approximately 6 billion metric tons of
greenhouse gas emissions and 12 billion barrels of oil over the lifetimes of the vehicles produced in MY 2011-2025.
Based on the agencies' most recent estimates of the cost and effectiveness of future technologies, Department of
Energy forecasts of future fuel prices, and other assumptions, the fuel savings to consumers are projected to far
outweigh the higher initial cost of the vehicle technology that will be necessary to meet the new standards.
With real world (i.e., 5-cycle label) adjustments, alternative fuel vehicle credits, and test procedure
adjustments, fleetwide CAFE compliance values are a minimum of 25 percent higher than EPA adjusted (5-cycle)
fuel economy values. See Appendix A for a detailed comparison of EPA adjusted and laboratory fuel economy
values and CAFE compliance values.
in
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Highlight #1: MY 2010 had the lowest COi emission rate and highest fuel economy since the database
began in 1975.
MY 2010 adjusted composite CO2 emissions were 394 g/mi, a record low for the post-1975
database and a 3 g/mi decrease relative to MY 2009. MY 2010 adjusted composite fuel economy
was 22.6 mpg, an all-time high since the database began in 1975, and 0.2 mpg higher than in MY
2009. Preliminary MY 2011 values are 391 g/mi CO2 emissions and 22.8 mpg fuel economy,
reflecting slight improvements over MY 2010.
While year-to-year changes often receive the most public attention, the greatest value of the historical trends
database is the identification and documentation of long-term trends. Since 1975, overall new light-duty vehicle CO2
emissions have moved through four phases: 1) a rapid decrease from MY 1975 through MY 1981; 2) a slower
decrease until reaching a valley in MY 1987; 3) a gradual increase until MY 2004; and 4) a decrease for the seven
years beginning in MY 2005, with the largest decrease in MY 2009. Since fuel economy has an inverse relationship
to tailpipe CO2 emissions, overall new light-duty vehicle fuel economy has moved in opposite phases.
The recent improvements in CO2 emissions and fuel economy reverse the trend of increasing CO2 emissions
and decreasing fuel economy that occurred from MY 1987 through MY 2004. From MY 2004 to MY 2010, CO2
emissions decreased by 67 g/mi (15 percent), and fuel economy increased by 3.3 mpg (17 percent). Priorto MY
2009, the previous records for lowest CO2 emissions and highest fuel economy were in MY 1987. Compared to MY
1987, MY 2010 CO2 emissions were 11 g/mi (3 percent) lower, and fuel economy was 0.6 mpg (3 percent) higher.
Adjusted COi Emissions
Adjusted Fuel Economy
O
o
700
600
500
400
Cars
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
O
Q.
T3
CD
,
T3
<
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
MY 2010 unadjusted laboratory composite values, which reflect vehicle design considerations only and do
not account for the many factors which affect real world CO2 emissions and fuel economy performance, were also at
an all-time low for CO2 emissions (313 g/mi) and a record high for fuel economy (28.4 mpg) since the database
began in 1975.
IV
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Highlight #2: MY 2010 truck market share increased by 5 percent compared to MY 2009, but is at
the second lowest level since 1996.
Light trucks, which include SUVs, minivans/vans, and pickup trucks, accounted for 36 percent of
all light-duty vehicle sales in MY 2010. This represents a 5 percent increase over MY 2009, but
that was a year of market turmoil and MY 2009 truck share was 8 percent lower than MY 2008.
Truck market share is now at the second lowest level since MY 1996 and 9 percent lower than the
peak in MY 2004. The MY 2011 light truck market share is projected to be 38 percent, based on
pre-model year production projections by automakers.
There were two changes to the database this year that affect truck market share. The first change, as
discussed above, is that most small, 2 wheel drive SUVs from MY 1975-2011 have been reclassified from trucks to
cars. This lowers the absolute truck share, particularly since the mid-1980s when SUV sales began to increase
rapidly, so truck share values in this report should not be compared to those in past versions of this report. For
example, for MY 2010 data in this report, nearly 1.1 million vehicles are reclassified from trucks to cars, representing
a 10 percent absolute change in both the car and truck production share. The second change, also discussed above, is
that, for the first time, the preliminary data for MY 2011 include MDPVs. EPA does not have data for MDPVs for
MY 1975-2010, so there is a small discontinuity in the database beginning in MY 2011. The projected production
volume for MDPVs in MY 2011 is approximately 10,000 vehicles, which increases the projected truck share of the
overall fleet in MY 2011 by less than 0.1 percent.
Production Share by Vehicle Type
100%
80%
ro 60%
OD
o
••§
"§ 40%
20%
0%
Cars (Including Non-Truck SUVs)
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
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Highlight #3: MY 2010 weight and power increased from MY 2009, but decreased relative to MY 2008.
MY 2010 vehicle weight averaged 4002 pounds, an increase of 88 pounds compared to MY 2009,
but the second lowest average weight since MY 2004. The average car and truck weight both
increased by about 25 pounds each, and the remaining difference was due to higher truck market
share. In MY 2010, the average vehicle power was 214 horsepower, an increase of 6 horsepower
since MY 2009, but lower than in MY 2007-2008. Car power increased slightly and truck power
was unchanged, so the primary factor in increasing the overall power level was higher truck
market share. Estimated MY 2010 O-to-60 acceleration time decreased slightly to 9.6 seconds.
Weight, Horsepower and O-to-60 Performance
4000
3800
3600
3400
220
200
180
160
140
120
14
13
12
11
10
9
Weight (Ib)
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Horsepower
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
O-to-60 Time
(seconds)
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Vehicle weight and performance are two of the most important engineering parameters that help determine a
vehicle's CO2 emissions and fuel economy. All other factors being equal, higher vehicle weight (which supports new
options and features) and faster acceleration performance (e.g., lower O-to-60 mile-per-hour acceleration time), both
increase a vehicle's CO2 emissions and decrease fuel economy. Automotive engineers are constantly developing
more efficient vehicle technologies. From MY 1987 through MY 2004, on a fleetwide basis, this technology
innovation was generally utilized to support market-driven attributes other than CO2 emissions and fuel economy,
such as vehicle weight, performance, and utility. Beginning in MY 2005, technology has been used to increase both
fuel economy (which has reduced CO2 emissions) and performance, while keeping vehicle weight relatively constant.
Preliminary MY 2011 values suggest that average vehicle weight and performance will both increase, though
these projections are uncertain and EPA will not have final data until next year's report.
VI
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Highlight #4: Most manufacturers increased fuel economy in MY 2010, resulting in lower COi
emission rates.
Nine of the 13 highest-selling manufacturers increased fuel economy (which also reduced CO2
g/mi emission rates) from MY 2009 to MY 2010, the last two years for which we have definitive
data, and 4 manufacturers increased fuel economy by 1 mpg or more.
Adjusted CO2 emissions and fuel economy values are shown for the 13 highest-selling manufacturers, which
accounted for 99 percent of the market in MY 2010, in order from lowest to highest CO2 emissions for MY 2010.
Manufacturers are defined in accordance with current NHTSA CAFE guidelines, and these definitions are applied
retroactively for the entire database back to 1975 for purposes of maintaining integrity of trends over time. In MY
2010, the last year for which EPA has final production data, Hyundai had the lowest fleetwide adjusted composite
CO2 emissions performance, followed very closely by Kia and then Toyota. Hyundai and Kiatied for the highest
fleetwide adjusted composite fuel economy value. Daimler had the highest CO2 emissions (and lowest fuel
economy), followed by Chrysler and Ford. Kia had the biggest improvement in adjusted CO2 (and fuel economy)
performance from MY 2009 to MY 2010, with a 37 g/mi reduction in fleetwide CO2 emissions (and 2.8 mpg fuel
economy improvement), followed by Hyundai (26 g/mi reduction in CO2 emissions) and Mazda (19 g/mi reduction in
CO2 emissions).
Preliminary MY 2011 values suggest that 11 of the 13 manufacturers will improve further in MY 2011,
though these projections are uncertain and EPA will not have final data until next year's report.
MY 2009-2011 Manufacturer Fuel Economy and CO2 Emissions
(Adjusted Composite Values)
MY2009
Manufacturer MPG
Hyundai
Kia
Toyota
Honda
VW
Mazda
Subaru
Nissan
BMW
GM
Ford
Chrysler
Daimler
All
25.1
24.2
25.4
24.6
23.8
23.2
22.6
23.6
21.9
20.6
20.5
19.2
19.5
22.4
MY2009
CO2 MY2010
(g/mi) MPG
355
367
349
361
379
383
393
377
407
432
433
464
457
397
27.0
27.0
25.4
24.9
25.0
24.4
23.4
23.1
22.1
21.3
20.4
19.5
18.9
22.6
MY2010
CO2 MY2011
(g/mi) MPG
329
330
350
357
363
364
379
384
404
418
435
455
471
394
27.5
27.2
25.1
25.7
25.2
25.0
23.9
24.2
23.0
20.6
21.3
19.7
20.0
22.8
MY2011
C02
(g/mi)
323
327
354
345
360
355
371
368
389
431
417
451
447
391
EPA fuel economy and CO2 emissions data is based on model year production. This means that year-to-year
comparisons can be affected by longer or shorter vehicle model year designations by the manufacturers. Section VII
has greater detail on the fuel economy and CO2 emissions for these 13 manufacturers, as well as for these
manufacturers' individual makes (i.e., brands).
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Highlight #5: Many new technologies are rapidly gaining market share.
Several advancedpowertrain technologies are making significant inroads into the mainstream
market. For example, in terms of market share, gasoline direct injection doubled in MY 2010 and
is projected to triple from MY 2009-2011, turbocharging is projected to double in MY 2011,
cylinder deactivation is projected to nearly double in MY 2011, and both 6-speed and 7-speed
transmissions approximately doubled from MY 2009-2011. These and other technology trends
help to explain the improvements in CO2 and fuel economy over the last seven years.
Personal vehicle technology has changed significantly since the database began in MY 1975. New
technologies are continually being introduced into the marketplace, while older and less effective technologies are
removed from the market. For example, in MY 1975 most engines relied on carburetors to deliver fuel to the engine.
Carburetors were replaced by fuel injection systems in the 1980s. Now, in some vehicles, conventional fuel injection
systems are being replaced by gasoline direct injection systems.
Understanding trends in these technologies and their relationship to CO2 emissions and fuel economy enables
a better understanding of the personal vehicle market. Below is a snapshot of several important technologies for
seven selected model years. The first column of data is from MY 1975, the first year of data for this report. The
next two years, MY 1987 and 2004, were historical inflection points for CO2 emissions and fuel economy (see
Highlight #1). The table also contains data from several recent years.
Light Duty Vehicle Characteristics for Seven Model Years
Adjusted CO2 Emissions (g/mi)
Adjusted Fuel Economy (MPG)
Weight (Ib)
Horsepower
0-to-60Time (sec.)
Truck Production
Four-Cylinder Engine
Eight-Cylinder Engine
Multi-Valve Engine
Variable Valve Timing
Cylinder Deactivation
Gasoline Direct Injection
Turbocharged or Supercharged
Manual Transmission
Continuously Variable Transmission
6 Speed Transmission
7+ Speed Transmission
Hybrid
Diesel
1975
681
13.1
4060
137
14.1
19%
20%
62%
-
-
-
-
-
23.0%
-
-
-
-
0.2%
1987
405
22.0
3221
118
13.1
27%
55%
15%
-
-
-
-
-
29.1%
-
-
-
-
0.3%
2004
461
19.3
4111
211
9.9
45%
28%
24%
62%
39%
-
-
2.9%
6.8%
1.2%
3.0%
0.2%
0.5%
0.1%
2008
424
21.0
4085
219
9.7
39%
38%
17%
76%
58%
6.7%
2.3%
3.3%
5.2%
7.9%
19.4%
2.0%
2.5%
0.1%
2009
397
22.4
3914
208
9.7
31%
51%
12%
84%
72%
7.3%
4.2%
3.5%
4.8%
9.4%
24.5%
2.6%
2.3%
0.5%
2010
394
22.6
4002
214
9.6
36%
50%
14%
85%
84%
6.4%
8.3%
3.5%
3.8%
10.9%
38.1%
2.8%
3.8%
0.7%
2011
391
22.8
4084
228
9.3
38%
47%
16%
85%
94%
11.1%
13.7%
7.4%
5.1%
10.8%
52.4%
4.9%
4.0%
0.6%
Vlll
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Additional Notes on Data Contained in This Report
This report supersedes all previous reports in this series. Users of this report should rely exclusively on data
in this latest report, which covers MY 1975 through 2011, and not make comparisons to data in previous reports in
this series. There are several reasons for this.
One, EPA revised the methodology for estimating "real-world" (i.e., label) fuel economy values in December
2006. Every adjusted (ADJ) fuel economy value in this report for 1986 and later model years is lower than given in
reports in this series prior to the 2007 report. See Appendix A for more in-depth discussion of the current
methodology and how it affects both the adjusted fuel economy values for individual models and the historical fuel
economy trends database. This same methodology is used to calculate adjusted CO2 emissions values as well. Two,
as discussed above, for the first time in this version of the report, EPA reclassifies most small, 2 wheel drive SUVs
from trucks to cars for the entire MY 1975-1011 database. Beginning with this report, all car/truck classifications in
this database are consistent with determinations made by NHTSA for CAFE standards beginning in MY 2011 and
EPA for CO2 emissions standards for MY 2012 and later. Three, when EPA changes a manufacturer or vehicle make
definition to reflect a change in the industry's current financial arrangements, EPA makes the same adjustment in the
historical database as well. This maintains a consistent manufacturer/make definition over time, which allows the
identification of long-term trends. On the other hand, it means that the database does not necessarily reflect actual
past financial arrangements. For example, the 2011 database, which includes data for the entire time series MY 1975
through 2011, accounts for all Chrysler vehicles in the 1975-2011 timeframe under the Chrysler manufacturer
designation, and no longer reflects the fact that Chrysler was combined with Daimler for several years.
Through MY 2010, the CO2 emissions, fuel economy, vehicle characteristics, and vehicle production volume
data used for this report were from the formal end-of-year submissions from automakers obtained from EPA's fuel
economy database that is used for CAFE compliance purposes. For MY 2011, EPA has exclusively used confidential
pre-model year production volume projections from automaker label submissions. Accordingly, MY 2011
projections are uncertain. Historically, the differences between the initial estimates based on vehicle production
projections and later, final values have ranged between 0.4 mpg lower to 0.6 mpg higher. But, the market turmoil in
MY 2009 was a major exception in this regard, as the final MY 2009 value from the 2010 report was 1.3 mpg higher
than the preliminary value for MY 2009 from the 2009 report based on projected production volumes.
The database in this report includes data from vehicles certified to operate on gasoline or diesel fuel, from
laboratory testing with test fuels as defined in EPA test protocols (e.g., with zero ethanol). It includes data from
ethanol flexible fuel vehicles, which can operate on gasoline or an 85 percent ethanol/15 percent gasoline blend or
any mixture in between, operated on gasoline only. Data from the small number of vehicles that are certified to
operate only on alternative fuels or are expected to operate frequently on alternative fuels (such as plug-in hybrid
electric vehicles or dual-fuel compressed natural gas vehicles) are not included in this database because they currently
represent less than 0.2 percent of all sales and because the emissions and fuel economy data from alternative fuel
vehicles raise issues with respect to the metrics that are used in this report.
Vehicle population data in this report represent production delivered for sale in the U.S., rather than actual
sales data. Automakers submit production data in formal end-of-year CAFE compliance reports to EPA, which is the
basis for this report. Accordingly, the production data in this report may differ from sales data reported by press
sources, because not all vehicles produced for sale in a given model year will necessarily be sold in that model year.
In addition, the data presented in this report are tabulated on a model year, not calendar year, basis.
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For More Information
Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2011
(EPA-420-R-12-001a) is available on the Office of Transportation and Air Quality's (OTAQ) Web site at:
www. epa.gov/otaq/fetrends .htm
Printed copies are available from the OTAQ library at:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Transportation and Air Quality Library
2000 Traverwood Drive
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
(734)214-4311
A copy of the Fuel Economy Guide giving city and highway fuel economy data for individual models is available at:
www.fueleconomy.gov
or by calling the U.S. Department of Energy at (800) 423-1363.
For information about EPA's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards, see:
http://epa.gov/otaq/climate/regulations.htm
For information about the EPA/Department of Transportation (DOT) Fuel Economy and Environment Labels, see:
http: //epa.gov/otaq/carlabel
For information about DOT's Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program, including a program overview,
related rulemaking activities, and summaries of the fuel economy performance of individual manufacturers since
1978, see:
http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/fuel-economy
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II. Introduction
This report examines light-duty vehicle technology, CO2 emissions, and fuel economy trends since MY
1975 using the latest and most complete EPA data available. Pre-2009 reports in this series [1-35]: presented fuel
economy and technology trends only, and did not include CO2 emissions data. Beginning in 2009, reports [36-37]
have included key CO2 emissions summary tables as well. When comparing data in this and previous reports,
please note that revisions are made for some prior model years for which more complete data have become
available. In addition, important changes have been made periodically in the database, e.g., reflecting changes in
manufacturer definitions, the methodology by which we calculate adjusted fuel economy values, car-truck
classifications, and whether MDPVs are included in the database. Thus, it is often not appropriate to compare
values from this report with others in this series and it is not necessary to do so since each report reflects the entire
database back to MY 1975.
The EPA CO2 emissions and fuel economy database used in this report was frozen in October 2010.
Through MY 2010, the CO2 emissions, fuel economy, vehicle characteristics, and production volume data used for
this report came from the formal end-of-year submissions from automakers obtained from EPA's database that is
used for CAFE compliance purposes, and can be considered to be final. For MY 2011, EPA has exclusively used
confidential pre-model year production projections submitted to EPA by automakers. Vehicle population data in
this report represent production delivered for sale in the U.S., rather than actual sales data. Accordingly, the vehicle
production data in this report may differ from sales data reported by press sources. In addition, the data presented
in this report were tabulated on a model year, not calendar year, basis. In years past, manufacturers typically used a
consistent approach toward model year designations, i.e., from fall of one year to the fall of the following year.
More recently, however, many manufacturers have used a more flexible approach and it is not uncommon to see a
new or redesigned model be introduced in the spring or summer, rather than the fall. This means that a model year
for an individual vehicle can be "stretched out." Accordingly, year-to-year comparisons can be affected by these
model year anomalies, though these even out over a multi-year period.
All fuel economy values in this report are production-weighted harmonic averages (necessary to maintain
mathematical integrity) and all CO2 emissions values are production-weighted arithmetic averages. In earlier
reports in this series through MY 2000, the only fuel economy values used were the unadjusted laboratory-based
city, highway, and composite (combined city/highway) mpg values—which are used as the basis for compliance
with the fuel economy standards and the gas guzzler tax. Since the laboratory mpg values tend to over predict the
mpg achieved in actual use, adjusted mpg values are used for the Government's fuel economy information
programs: fueleconomy.gov, the Fuel Economy Guide, and the Fuel Economy and Environment Labels that are on
new vehicles. Starting with the MY 2001 report, this series has provided fuel economy trends in adjusted mpg
values in addition to the laboratory mpg values. Now, most of the tables exclusively show the adjusted CO2
emissions and fuel economy values. A few tables include both adjusted city, highway, and composite fuel
economy values and laboratory 55/45 fuel economy values. In the tables, these two mpg values are called
"Adjusted MPG" and "Laboratory MPG" and are abbreviated as "ADJ" MPG and "LAB" MPG. These same
metrics are used for CO2 emissions values as well.
Where only one CO2 or mpg value is presented in this report and it is not explicitly identified otherwise, it
is the "adjusted composite" value. This value represents a combined city/highway CO2 or fuel economy value, and
is based on equations (see Appendix A) that allow a computation of adjusted city and highway values based on
laboratory city and highway test values.
Numbers in brackets denote references listed in the references section of this report.
1
-------
It is important to note that EPA revised the methodology by which EPA estimates adjusted fuel economy
values in December 2006. Every adjusted fuel economy value in this report for 1986 and later model years is lower
than given in pre-2007 reports. Accordingly, adjusted fuel economy values for 1986 and later model years should
not be compared with corresponding values from older reports. These new downward adjustments are phased in,
linearly, beginning in 1986, and for 2005 and later model years the new adjusted composite values are, on average,
about six percent lower than under the methodology previously used by EPA. This same methodology is used to
generate adjusted CO2 emissions values as well. See Appendix A for more in-depth discussion of this new
methodology and how it affects both the adjusted CO2 and fuel economy values for individual models and the
historical trends database.
Data are tabulated on a model year basis, but some figures use three-year moving averages which
effectively smooth the trends, and these three-year moving averages are tabulated at their midpoint. For example,
the midpoint for model years 2009, 2010, and 2011 is MY 2010. The fuel economy values reported by the
Department of Transportation (DOT) for compliance with the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program
are higher than the data in this report for three reasons:
1. The DOT data do not include the EPA real world fuel economy adjustments for city and highway mpg;
2. The DOT data include CAFE credits for those manufacturers that produce dedicated alternative fuel
vehicles and flexible fuel vehicles (credits generated through the production of flexible fuel vehicles are
currently capped at 1.2 mpg per fleet);
3. The DOT data include credits for test procedure adjustments for cars.
Accordingly, the fuel economy values in this series of reports are always lower than those reported by
DOT. Table A-6, Appendix A, compares CAFE data reported by DOT with EPA adjusted and laboratory fuel
economy data for MY 1975 -2011. Table A-7 shows a more detailed comparison for MY 2010, by manufacturer, of
values for EPA laboratory fuel economy, alternative fuel vehicle credits, test procedure adjustment credits for cars,
and NHTSA CAFE performance.
Beginning in MY 2011, footprint data is obtained from the pre-model year reports provided by automakers
to DOT/NHTSA. For MY 2008-2010, EPA generated footprint data from external sources such as individual
manufacturer websites, Edmonds.com, and Motortrend.com. Since the MY 2008-2010 footprint data was
generated in a more piecemeal fashion, there is some uncertainty associated with this data.
In the various appendices to this report, when there is no entry under "Model Year," that means there was
no production volume for the parameter in question.
While this report contains data through MY 2011, it is important to emphasize that the data through MY
2010 is based on formal end-of-year CAFE data submitted by automakers to EPA and therefore is final data that
will not change. On the other hand, the MY 2011 data is based on confidential pre-model year production volume
projections provided by manufacturers to EPA in the spring/summer of 2010 and therefore are projections that may
well change when final production data is presented in the next report. Given the uncertainty in the MY 2011 data,
this report will often focus more on the MY 2010 data than on the MY 2011 data.
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Other Variables
All vehicle weight data are based on inertia weight class (nominally curb weight plus 300 pounds). For
vehicles with inertia weights up to and including the 3000-pound inertia weight class, these classes have 250-pound
increments. For vehicles above the 3000-pound inertia weight class (i.e., vehicles 3500 pounds and above), 500-
pound increments are used.
The light truck data in this report include vehicles classified as light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight
ratings (GVWR) up to 8500 pounds as well as, for the first time beginning with MY 2011, medium-duty passenger
vehicles (MDPVs). MDPVs are large SUVs and passenger vans with GVWRs between 8500 and 10,000 pounds
(MDPVs do not include the much larger number of pickup trucks in the same GVWR range). EPA does not have
data for MDPVs for MY 1975-2010, so there is and will continue to be a small discontinuity in the database
beginning in MY 2011. For the overall fleet in MY 2011, the inclusion of MDPVs increased projected average
adjusted CO2 emissions by 0.3 g/mi and decreased projected average adjusted fuel economy by 0.01 mpg compared
to the fleet without MDPVs. For the light truck fleet in MY 2011, the inclusion of MDPVs increased proj ected
CO2 emissions by 0.5 g/mi and decreased average adjusted fuel economy by 0.02 mpg.
"Ton-MPG" is defined as a vehicle's mpg multiplied by its weight in tons. Ton-MPG is a measure of
powertrain/drive-line efficiency. Just as an increase in vehicle mpg at constant weight can be considered an
improvement in a vehicle's efficiency, an increase in a vehicle's weight at constant mpg can also be considered an
improvement. "CO2/ton" is the equivalent CO2 metric and is reported in Section IV.
" Cubic-feet-MPG" for cars is defined in this report as the product of a car's mpg and its interior volume,
including trunk space. This metric associates a relative measure of a vehicle's ability to transport both passengers
and their cargo. An increase in vehicle volume at constant mpg could be considered an improvement just as an
increase in mpg at constant volume can be. "CO2/cubic feet" values are given in Section IV.
" Cubic-feet-ton-MPG" is defined in this report as a combination of the two previous metrics, i.e., a car's
mpg multiplied by its weight in tons and also by its interior volume. It ascribes vehicle utility to fuel economy,
weight and volume. "CO2/ton-cubic feet"" is the equivalent CO2 metric and is shown in Section IV.
This report also includes an estimate of O-to-60 mph acceleration time—calculated from engine rated
horsepower and vehicle weight—from the relationship:
t = F (HP/WT)-f
where the coefficients F and fare empirical parameters determined in the literature by obtaining a least-squares fit
for available test data. The values for the F and f coefficients are .892 and .805, respectively, for vehicles with
automatic transmissions and .967 and .775, respectively, for those with manual transmissions [38]. Other authors
[39, 40, and 41] have evaluated the relationships between weight, horsepower, and O-to-60 acceleration time and
have calculated and published slightly different values for the F and f coefficients. Since the equation form and
coefficients were developed for vehicles with conventional powertrains with gasoline-fueled engines, we have not
used the equation to estimate O-to-60 time for vehicles with hybrid powertrains or diesel engines. Published values
are used for these vehicles instead.
The O-to-60 estimate used in this report is intended to provide a quantitative time "index" of vehicle
performance capability. It is the authors' engineering judgment that, given the differences in test methods for
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measuring O-to-60 time and given the fact that the weight is based on inertia weight, use of these other published
values for the F and f coefficients would not result in statistically significantly different O-to-60 averages or trends.
Car-truck classifications are based on the regulatory definitions used by NHTSA for fuel economy
standards compliance beginning in MY 2011 and by EPA for CO2 emissions standards compliance beginning in
MY 2012. Accordingly, some small 2 wheel drive SUVs that had previously been considered trucks in previous
versions of this report are now classified as cars throughout the entire MY 1975-2011 database. In some tables and
figures, these vehicles are identified as "non-truck SUVs." The overall car class is typically sub-divided into cars,
wagons, and non-truck SUVs. The reclassification of small 2 wheel drive SUVs from trucks to cars affects about
1.1 million vehicles in MY 2010 and MY 2011, and reduces the absolute truck share by about 10% compared to the
classification used in previous reports.
Cars and wagons are sometimes further divided into sub-classes in three different ways. One approach
generally follows the fuel economy label and Fuel Economy Guide protocol. With this approach, sedan and wagon
sub-classes are based on the interior volume (passenger plus cargo) thresholds described in the Fuel Economy
Guide (since interior volume is undefined for the two-seater class, this report assigns an interior volume value of 50
cubic feet for all two-seater cars):
Class Interior Volume
(cubic feet)
Minicompact sedan Up to 84
Subcompact sedan 85 to 99
Compact sedan 100 to 109
Midsize sedan 110 to 119
Large sedan 120 or more
Small wagon Up to 129
Midsize wagon 130 to 159
Large wagon 160 or more
In the second approach for car sub-classes, large sedans and wagons are aggregated as "Large," midsize sedans and
wagons are aggregated as "Midsize," and all other cars are aggregated as "Small." The third approach uses Large
Cars, Large Wagons, Midsize Cars, Midsize Wagons, Small Cars, and Small Wagons with the EPA Two-Seater,
Mini compact, Subcompact, and Compact sedan classes combined into the "Small Car" class. In some tables and
figures in this report wagons have been merged with cars. This is because the wagon production fraction, in some
instances, is so small that the information is more conveniently represented by combining the two vehicle types.
When they have been combined, the differences between them are insignificant.
The truck sub-classification scheme divides pickups, vans, and SUVs into "Small," "Midsize," and "Large."
These truck size classifications are based primarily on published wheelbase data according to the following criteria:
Pickup Van Truck SUV
Small Less than 105" Less than 109" Less than 100"
Midsize 105" to 115" 109" to 124" 100" to 110"
Large More than 115" More than 124" More than 110"
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This classification scheme is similar to that used in many trade and consumer publications. For those
vehicle nameplates with a variety of wheelbases, the size classification was determined by considering only the
smallest wheelbase produced.
Published data from external sources is also used for three other engine or vehicle characteristics for which
data has not always been submitted to EPA by the automotive manufacturers, or to supplement data that is
submitted to EPA: (1) engines with variable valve timing (VVT) that use either cams or electric solenoids to
provide variable intake and/or exhaust valve timing and in some cases valve lift; (2) engines with cylinder
deactivation, which involves allowing the valves of selected cylinders of the engine to remain closed under certain
driving conditions; and (3) vehicle footprint, which is the product of wheelbase times average track width and upon
which future CAFE (MY 2011 and later) and CO2 emissions standards are based. Beginning with MY 2012,
manufacturers will be submitting data on these engine or vehicle characteristics to EPA.
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III. Fuel Economy Trends
Figure 1 and Table 1 depict time trends in car, light truck, and car-plus-light truck fuel economy, as well as
truck production share, with the individual data points representing the data for each year, and trend lines
representing three-year moving averages. Since 1975, the fuel economy of the combined car and light truck fleet
has moved through several phases:
1. A rapid increase from 1975 through 1981;
2. A slow increase until reaching its peak in 1987;
3. A gradual decline until 2004; and
4. An increase beginning in 2005, with the largest increase in 2009.
Figure 1
Adjusted Fuel Economy and Percent Truck by Model Year
(with Three-Year Moving Average)
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
Model Year
2000
2005
2010
-* 60%
2 50%
h1 40%
c 30%
8 20%
o5 10%
°- 0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
Model Year
2000
2005
2010
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Table 1
Fuel Economy of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
(000)
8265
9754
11344
11213
10819
9448
8736
7837
8037
10735
10895
11083
10836
10853
10138
8882
8755
8361
8941
8747
9708
8379
8897
8570
9019
9899
9549
9484
8937
8649
9088
9070
9345
8546
6448
7147
-
Production
Percent
80.8%
79.1%
80.3%
77.6%
77.9%
83.6%
82.8%
80.5%
78.0%
76.6%
75.3%
72.1%
72.9%
71.0%
70.1%
70.4%
69.6%
68.7%
67.7%
61.9%
64.1%
63.7%
61.5%
59.3%
59.3%
59.7%
61.2%
58.8%
56.7%
55.1%
57.2%
60.0%
61.2%
61.5%
69.2%
64.3%
62.4%
Lab
City
MPG
13.7
15.2
16.0
17.2
17.7
20.3
21.7
22.3
22.1
22.4
22.9
23.7
23.8
24.2
23.7
23.4
23.4
22.9
23.2
23.2
23.3
23.1
23.3
23.3
23.0
23.0
23.1
23.2
23.6
23.5
24.2
24.0
24.8
25.1
26.4
27.3
27.5
Lab
Hwy
MPG
19.4
21.3
22.2
24.5
24.6
29.0
31.1
32.7
32.6
33.2
34.2
35.5
35.8
36.5
36.2
35.9
35.9
35.9
36.1
36.4
37.1
36.7
36.8
36.9
36.5
36.2
36.2
36.1
36.9
36.9
37.6
37.5
38.5
38.9
40.6
41.7
42.7
Lab
55/45
MPG
15.8
17.4
18.3
19.9
20.2
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26.3
26.9
27.8
28.0
28.5
28.1
27.7
27.8
27.4
27.6
27.7
28.0
27.7
27.9
27.9
27.6
27.5
27.6
27.7
28.2
28.1
28.8
28.6
29.5
29.8
31.3
32.3
32.8
Adj
City
MPG
12.3
13.7
14.4
15.5
15.9
18.3
19.5
20.1
19.9
20.2
20.6
21.2
21.2
21.4
20.8
20.4
20.3
19.8
19.9
19.8
19.8
19.5
19.5
19.4
19.1
18.9
18.9
18.9
19.0
18.8
19.2
19.1
19.7
19.9
20.9
21.5
21.7
Adj
Hwy
MPG
15.2
16.6
17.3
19.1
19.2
22.6
24.2
25.5
25.5
25.9
26.7
27.5
27.7
28.1
27.8
27.4
27.4
27.2
27.2
27.4
27.8
27.3
27.3
27.3
26.8
26.5
26.4
26.2
26.7
26.5
26.9
26.8
27.5
27.8
28.9
29.7
30.4
Adj
Comp
MPG
13.5
14.9
15.6
16.9
17.2
20.0
21.4
22.2
22.1
22.4
23.0
23.7
23.7
24.1
23.6
23.3
23.2
22.9
23.0
23.0
23.2
22.9
22.9
22.9
22.5
22.4
22.4
22.3
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
23.5
23.7
24.8
25.5
25.9
Ton-
MPG
27.5
30.2
31.0
30.6
30.2
31.2
33.1
34.2
34.7
35.1
35.8
36.2
36.2
36.9
36.8
37.1
37.0
37.3
37.4
37.7
38.2
38.1
38.1
38.5
38.5
38.3
38.8
39.0
39.7
40.1
40.8
41.4
42.5
43.1
44.2
46.4
47.4
CuFt-
MPG
-
-
1779
1907
1921
2136
2338
2418
2476
2481
2551
2597
2581
2627
2587
2526
2532
2524
2555
2541
2571
2549
2540
2542
2512
2505
2525
2548
2573
2583
2664
2652
2725
2748
2859
2998
3039
CuFt-
Ton-
MPG
-
-
3424
3344
3300
3274
3547
3644
3776
3778
3888
3901
3874
3963
3977
3984
3974
4071
4097
4107
4174
4196
4174
4222
4249
4248
4322
4391
4442
4525
4648
4723
4820
4878
4986
5275
5405
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Table 1 (Continued)
Fuel Economy of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
(000)
1959
2580
2779
3235
3063
1859
1818
1896
2266
3285
3564
4282
4030
4442
4316
3733
3818
3811
4269
5378
5436
4766
5562
5887
6200
6675
6061
6635
6838
7061
6806
6035
5932
5354
2867
3964
-
Production
Percent
19.2%
20.9%
19.7%
22.4%
22.1%
16.4%
17.2%
19.5%
22.0%
23.4%
24.7%
27.9%
27.1%
29.0%
29.9%
29.6%
30.4%
31.3%
32.3%
38.1%
35.9%
36.3%
38.5%
40.7%
40.7%
40.3%
38.8%
41.2%
43.3%
44.9%
42.8%
40.0%
38.8%
38.5%
30.8%
35.7%
37.6%
Lab
City
MPG
12.1
12.8
14.1
13.8
13.4
16.5
17.8
18.1
18.3
17.9
18.0
18.8
18.8
18.3
18.1
17.8
18.2
17.8
18.0
17.7
17.5
17.7
17.5
17.6
17.3
17.7
17.3
17.3
17.6
17.3
17.8
18.1
18.2
18.7
19.5
19.8
20.0
Lab
Hwy
MPG
16.2
16.9
18.1
17.5
16.8
22.0
23.9
24.4
25.1
24.7
24.8
25.9
26.4
26.1
25.8
25.8
26.5
26.1
26.6
26.0
25.9
26.5
26.0
26.6
25.8
26.2
25.5
25.7
26.1
26.0
26.9
27.2
27.6
28.3
29.5
30.0
30.5
Lab
55/45
MPG
13.7
14.4
15.6
15.3
14.7
18.6
20.1
20.5
20.8
20.4
20.6
21.5
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
21.2
20.8
21.0
20.7
20.5
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.3
20.7
20.2
20.3
20.6
20.4
21.0
21.3
21.5
22.1
23.0
23.4
23.6
Adj
City
MPG
10.9
11.6
12.7
12.4
12.1
14.8
16.0
16.3
16.5
16.1
16.2
16.8
16.8
16.2
15.9
15.6
15.9
15.4
15.5
15.2
14.9
15.0
14.8
14.8
14.5
14.7
14.3
14.2
14.3
14.1
14.4
14.6
14.7
15.0
15.6
15.9
16.0
Adj
Hwy
MPG
12.7
13.2
14.2
13.7
13.1
17.1
18.6
19.0
19.6
19.3
19.4
20.2
20.5
20.1
19.8
19.8
20.2
19.9
20.1
19.6
19.5
19.8
19.4
19.7
19.1
19.3
18.7
18.8
19.0
18.9
19.4
19.7
19.9
20.4
21.3
21.6
21.9
Adj
Comp
MPG
11.6
12.2
13.3
13.0
12.5
15.8
17.1
17.4
17.7
17.4
17.5
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.6
17.4
17.8
17.3
17.5
17.2
17.0
17.2
16.9
17.1
16.6
16.9
16.4
16.4
16.6
16.4
16.9
17.1
17.3
17.7
18.4
18.7
18.9
Ton-
MPG
24.2
26.0
28.0
27.5
27.3
30.9
33.0
33.8
34.0
33.5
33.7
34.3
34.2
34.5
34.7
35.1
35.4
35.5
36.0
35.8
35.8
36.7
37.1
37.0
37.2
37.4
37.5
38.2
38.9
39.6
40.4
41.0
42.4
43.3
44.2
45.2
46.6
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Table 1 (Continued)
Fuel Economy of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
(000)
10224
12334
14123
14448
13882
11306
10554
9732
10302
14020
14460
15365
14865
15295
14453
12615
12573
12172
13211
14125
15145
13144
14459
14458
15218
16574
15610
16119
15775
15711
15893
15105
15277
13900
9315
11111
-
Lab
City
MPG
13.4
14.6
15.6
16.3
16.5
19.6
20.9
21.3
21.2
21.2
21.5
22.1
22.2
22.1
21.7
21.4
21.6
21.0
21.2
20.8
20.8
20.8
20.6
20.6
20.3
20.5
20.5
20.4
20.6
20.2
21.0
21.2
21.8
22.1
23.8
24.1
24.1
Lab
Hwy
MPG
18.7
20.2
21.3
22.5
22.3
27.5
29.5
30.7
30.6
30.8
31.3
32.2
32.6
32.7
32.3
32.2
32.5
32.1
32.4
31.6
32.1
32.2
31.8
31.9
31.2
31.4
31.1
30.9
31.3
31.0
32.1
32.6
33.4
34.0
36.4
36.6
37.1
Lab
55/45
MPG
15.3
16.7
17.7
18.6
18.7
22.5
24.1
24.7
24.6
24.6
25.0
25.7
25.9
25.9
25.4
25.2
25.4
24.9
25.1
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.5
24.5
24.1
24.3
24.2
24.1
24.3
24.0
24.8
25.2
25.8
26.3
28.2
28.4
28.6
Adj
City
MPG
12.0
13.2
14.0
14.7
14.9
17.6
18.8
19.2
19.0
19.1
19.3
19.8
19.8
19.6
19.1
18.7
18.8
18.2
18.2
17.8
17.7
17.6
17.4
17.2
16.9
16.9
16.8
16.6
16.7
16.3
16.8
17.0
17.4
17.7
18.9
19.1
19.1
Adj
Hwy
MPG
14.6
15.7
16.6
17.5
17.4
21.5
23.0
23.9
23.9
24.0
24.4
25.0
25.3
25.2
24.8
24.6
24.7
24.4
24.4
23.8
24.1
24.0
23.6
23.6
23.0
23.0
22.8
22.5
22.7
22.4
23.1
23.4
24.0
24.4
26.0
26.2
26.6
Adj
Comp
MPG
13.1
14.2
15.1
15.8
15.9
19.2
20.5
21.1
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.8
22.0
21.9
21.4
21.2
21.3
20.8
20.9
20.4
20.5
20.4
20.1
20.1
19.7
19.8
19.6
19.5
19.6
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.6
21.0
22.4
22.6
22.8
Ton-
MPG
26.9
29.3
30.4
29.9
29.5
31.2
33.1
34.1
34.5
34.7
35.3
35.7
35.7
36.2
36.2
36.5
36.5
36.8
37.0
37.0
37.3
37.6
37.7
37.9
38.0
38.0
38.3
38.7
39.4
39.9
40.6
41.2
42.5
43.2
44.2
45.9
47.1
-------
As shown in Table 1, the final fleetwide MY 2010 adjusted composite fuel economy is 22.6 mpg, an all-
time high. This MY 2010 value is 0.2 mpg higher than in MY 2009 and 3.3 mpg higher than in MY 2004, a 17%
increase. The projected MY 2011 fleetwide fuel economy value is 22.8 mpg, but there is uncertainty about MY
2011 projections given that they are based on automaker submissions to EPA in the spring and summer of 2010.
Average fleetwide fuel economy has now increased for six consecutive years and is projected to increase for a
seventh year. These increases reverse the longer term trend of declining adjusted composite fuel economy from
1987 through 2004. Based on laboratory 55/45 fuel economy values which reflect vehicle design considerations
only, the MY 2010 unadjusted fuel economy value of 28.4 mpg is an all-time record, and is 2.5 mpg higher than the
previous peak of 25.9 mpg in 1987 and 1988.
Table 1 also shows that light truck production share peaked at 45% in 2004, decreased significantly to 31%
in MY 2009, and is 36% in MY 2010. It is not clear whether the 5% increase in truck production share in MY 2010
is significant, given that truck production share had decreased by 7.5% in MY 2009, and that MY 2009 was a year
of considerable market turmoil. The MY 2011 projection is for truck production share to increase by 2%.
Figure 1 shows the long-term fuel economy trends and truck market share trends with a three-year moving
average, which tends to even out year-to-year fluctuations, such as in MY 2009. Figure 2 shows laboratory 55/45
fuel economy values for the combined car and truck fleet plotted against truck production share.
The MY 2010 adjusted fuel economy for cars is 25.5 mpg, which is an all-time high. For MY 2010, the
adjusted fuel economy for light trucks is 18.7 mpg, also a record high. Fuel economy standards were unchanged
for MY 1996 through MY 2004. In 2003, DOT raised the truck CAFE standards for MY 2005-2007, and DOT
subsequently raised the truck CAFE standards for MY 2008-2016 through three separate final rules. The recent
fuel economy improvement for trucks is likely due, in part, to these higher standards. The CAFE standard for cars
has also been raised for MY 2011-2016 as a result of two recent final rules. The final rule for MY 2012-2016 for
both cars and trucks is at 75 Federal Register 25324, May 7, 2010.
Figure 2
Truck Production Share vs. Fleet MPG by Model Year
O
CL
^
m
•
-------
The distribution of fuel economy by model year is of interest. In Figure 3, highlights of the distribution of
car and truck mpg are shown. Since 1975, half of the cars have consistently been within a few mpg of each other.
The fuel economy difference between the least efficient and most efficient car increased from about 20 mpg in
1975 to nearly 50 mpg in 1986. The increased production share of hybrid cars accounts for the increase in the fuel
economy of the best one percent of cars with the cut point for this stratum now over 40 mpg. The ratio of the
highest to lowest has increased from about three to one in 1975 to nearly five to one today, because the fuel
economy of the least fuel efficient cars has remained roughly constant in comparison to the most fuel efficient cars
whose fuel economy has nearly doubled since 1975.
The overall fuel economy distribution trend for trucks is narrower than that for cars, with a peak in the
efficiency of the most efficient truck in the early 1980s when small pickup trucks equipped with diesel engines
were sold. As a result, the fuel economy range between the most efficient and least efficient truck peaked at about
25 mpg in 1982. The fuel economy range for trucks then narrowed, but with the introduction of the hybrid Escape
SUV in MY 2005, it is now about 20 mpg. Like cars, half of the trucks built each year have always been within a
few mpg of each year's average fuel economy value. Appendix C contains additional fuel economy distribution
data.
Figure 3
Production Weighted Fuel Economy Distribution
Car Truck
70
60
CL 50
40
Q.
E
O 30
T3
0
1 20
10
Best Car
\
Worst Car
Best 1 %
Best Truck
Worst 1%
Worst Truck
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
11
-------
As shown in Table 2, MY 2010 vehicle weight averaged 4002 pounds. This reflects an increase of 88
pounds (2%) compared to MY 2009. This is the largest annual increase since MY 2004, but this is due in part to an
unusual MY 2009 when weight decreased by 171 pounds and even with the increase this year, MY 2010 weight is
still less than in MY 2008. The average car and truck weight in MY 2010 both increased by about 25 pounds, and
the remaining impact was due to higher truck production share. In MY 2010, the average vehicle power was 214
horsepower. Average vehicle power increased by 6 horsepower (3%), with most of the increase explained by cars
having higher horsepower levels and trucks having higher production share. Both weight and power are projected to
increase in MY 2011, with the biggest increase by far being a 25 hp, or 10%, increase in truck power levels.
Table 2 also includes vehicle footprint in square feet since MY 2008. Footprint is one metric for vehicle
size, and is the product of wheelbase and average track width. Essentially, footprint is the area defined by the four
points where the tires touch the ground. Footprint is a very important parameter as MY 2011 passenger car and
light truck CAFE standards, and MY 2012-2016 CAFE and CO2 emissions standards, are all footprint-based, i.e.,
vehicles with different footprint values have different fuel economy and CO2 compliance targets. The MY 2008-
2010 footprint data in Table 2 is tabulated from external sources such as individual manufacturer websites,
Edmunds.com, and Motortrend.com, while the MY 2011 data came from pre-model year CAFE reports provided to
DOT/NHTSA from the manufacturers. Accordingly, due to the more piecemeal way that the 2008-2010 footprint
data were obtained, there is some uncertainty in comparing values through MY 2010 with values beginning in MY
2011 and the most meaningful footprint trends will be those based on comparisons in MY 2011 and later.
For MY 2010, industry-wide footprint values were 45.4 square feet for cars, 54.1 square feet for trucks, and
48.5 square feet for cars and trucks combined. Car and truck footprints were essentially unchanged in MY 2010
compared to MY 2009; however, the overall industry footprint increased by 0.3 square feet due to the increase in
truck production share. Industry proj ections for MY 2011 cars are for an increase of 1.1 square feet compared to
MY 2010. The average footprint in MY 2011 is projected to increase by 0.4 square feet for cars, and by 1.8 square
feet for trucks, but again there is some uncertainty in these comparisons since the footprint data sources for MY
2011 are different than for MY 2010, as discussed above.
The long-term trend since 1981 for both weight and power has been steady increases. MY 2010 weight is
800 pounds greater, and MY 2010 power has more than doubled, as compared to MY 1981. As shown in Figure 4,
since 1975, Ton-MPG for both cars and trucks increased substantially (nearly 70% for cars and 90% for trucks).
Typically, Ton-MPG for both vehicle types has increased at a rate of about one or two percent a year.
12
-------
Table 2
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
Percent
80.8%
79.1%
80.3%
77.6%
77.9%
83.6%
82.8%
80.5%
78.0%
76.6%
75.3%
72.1%
72.9%
71.0%
70.1%
70.4%
69.6%
68.7%
67.7%
61.9%
64.1%
63.7%
61.5%
59.3%
59.3%
59.7%
61.2%
58.8%
56.7%
55.1%
57.2%
60.0%
61.2%
61.5%
69.2%
64.3%
62.4%
Adj
Comp
MPG
13.5
14.9
15.6
16.9
17.2
20.0
21.4
22.2
22.1
22.4
23.0
23.7
23.7
24.1
23.6
23.3
23.2
22.9
23.0
23.0
23.2
22.9
22.9
22.9
22.5
22.4
22.4
22.3
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
23.5
23.7
24.8
25.5
25.9
Vol
(cuft)
-
110
109
109
104
107
106
109
108
108
107
107
107
108
107
107
109
109
109
109
110
109
110
110
111
111
113
112
113
114
114
113
113
113
114
114
Weight
(Ib)
4058
4060
3945
3590
3485
3102
3076
3054
3112
3101
3098
3044
3036
3052
3105
3179
3169
3255
3242
3268
3284
3325
3315
3348
3404
3414
3450
3472
3481
3534
3524
3594
3577
3592
3526
3552
3589
Footprint
(sq ft) HP
136
134
133
124
119
100
99
99
104
106
111
111
113
116
121
129
133
141
140
144
153
155
157
160
165
169
171
176
179
186
185
195
192
45.6 195
45.5 187
45.4 191
45.8* 198
HP/
Weight
0.0331
0.0324
0.0335
0.0342
0.0338
0.0322
0.0320
0.0321
0.0330
0.0338
0.0354
0.0360
0.0365
0.0375
0.0387
0.0401
0.0413
0.0427
0.0427
0.0432
0.0459
0.0461
0.0467
0.0473
0.0479
0.0489
0.0490
0.0503
0.0509
0.0520
0.0517
0.0536
0.0530
0.0535
0.0522
0.0529
0.0541
O-to-60
Time
14.2
14.4
14.0
13.7
13.8
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.0
13.8
13.3
13.2
13.0
12.8
12.4
12.1
11.9
11.5
11.5
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.4
10.3
10.1
10.0
9.8
9.9
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.8
9.6
9.5
Small
55.3%
55.3%
51.8%
44.6%
43.7%
54.4%
51.5%
56.6%
53.0%
57.1%
55.2%
59.1%
63.1%
64.5%
57.9%
58.4%
60.4%
55.4%
54.7%
57.0%
55.8%
51.7%
52.8%
46.9%
45.1%
45.1%
46.3%
43.8%
45.5%
41.9%
39.6%
40.7%
38.7%
38.4%
41.7%
41.4%
34.8%
Midsize
23.4%
25.3%
24.6%
34.4%
34.2%
34.4%
36.4%
31.0%
31.9%
29.7%
29.6%
28.4%
24.9%
22.8%
28.8%
29.0%
27.7%
29.4%
32.8%
28.2%
30.7%
35.5%
33.6%
41.8%
42.6%
37.4%
37.0%
39.0%
38.2%
40.9%
42.5%
37.9%
43.9%
41.5%
40.4%
41.4%
44.3%
Large
21.3%
19.4%
23.5%
21.0%
22.1%
11.3%
12.2%
12.5%
15.0%
13.2%
15.2%
12.5%
12.1%
12.7%
13.3%
12.6%
12.0%
15.2%
12.6%
14.8%
13.6%
12.8%
13.6%
11.3%
12.4%
17.5%
16.7%
17.2%
16.3%
17.2%
17.9%
21.5%
17.4%
20.1%
17.9%
17.2%
20.9%
*Note: the footprint value for MY 2011 is preliminary, and is based on different data sources than values for MY 2008-2010.
13
-------
Table 2 (continued)
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
Percent
19.2%
20.9%
19.7%
22.4%
22.1%
16.4%
17.2%
19.5%
22.0%
23.4%
24.7%
27.9%
27.1%
29.0%
29.9%
29.6%
30.4%
31.3%
32.3%
38.1%
35.9%
36.3%
38.5%
40.7%
40.7%
40.3%
38.8%
41.2%
43.3%
44.9%
42.8%
40.0%
38.8%
38.5%
30.8%
35.7%
37.6%
Adj
Comp
MPG
11.6
12.2
13.3
13.0
12.5
15.8
17.1
17.4
17.7
17.4
17.5
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.6
17.4
17.8
17.3
17.5
17.2
17.0
17.2
16.9
17.1
16.6
16.9
16.4
16.4
16.6
16.4
16.9
17.1
17.3
17.7
18.4
18.7
18.9
Weight Footprint
(Ib) (sqft)
4069
4153
4133
4150
4256
3867
3805
3812
3772
3786
3800
3740
3716
3849
3931
4013
3961
4078
4099
4149
4199
4246
4386
4320
4463
4425
4556
4635
4676
4818
4774
4776
4906
4871 54.5
4788 54.3
4811 54.1
4905 55.9*
HP
142
141
147
146
138
121
118
120
118
118
124
123
131
141
146
151
150
155
160
166
168
180
189
188
199
199
212
223
224
241
242
240
256
256
254
254
279
HP/
Weight
0.0349
0.0340
0.0356
0.0351
0.0325
0.0313
0.0311
0.0317
0.0313
0.0310
0.0326
0.0330
0.0351
0.0365
0.0371
0.0377
0.0379
0.0380
0.0391
0.0401
0.0400
0.0422
0.0429
0.0434
0.0445
0.0448
0.0464
0.0479
0.0478
0.0499
0.0505
0.0502
0.0519
0.0521
0.0526
0.0525
0.0564
O-to-60
Time
13.6
13.8
13.3
13.4
14.3
14.5
14.6
14.5
14.6
14.7
14.1
14.0
13.4
13.0
12.8
12.7
12.6
12.6
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.4
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.6
10.4
10.4
10.1
10.0
10.0
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.1
Van
23.3%
19.5%
18.5%
19.3%
15.7%
13.0%
13.5%
16.4%
16.9%
20.6%
24.0%
24.4%
27.6%
25.5%
29.6%
33.8%
27.1%
32.0%
33.8%
26.4%
30.6%
29.6%
22.8%
25.3%
23.6%
25.3%
20.3%
18.7%
18.0%
13.5%
21.8%
19.3%
14.3%
14.8%
12.8%
14.1%
11.9%
SUV
8.1%
8.2%
8.6%
10.6%
12.3%
9.7%
7.3%
7.6%
11.2%
17.2%
17.7%
16.5%
19.1%
19.1%
18.7%
17.0%
22.6%
19.7%
19.3%
24.0%
27.7%
29.4%
33.9%
33.7%
35.3%
35.5%
38.1%
45.4%
45.8%
51.0%
44.4%
44.4%
50.1%
51.7%
52.6%
53.7%
50.7%
Pickup
68.5%
72.3%
72.9%
70.1%
72.0%
77.3%
79.2%
76.0%
71.9%
62.2%
58.3%
59.1%
53.3%
55.3%
51.7%
49.2%
50.3%
48.3%
46.9%
49.6%
41.8%
41.0%
43.3%
41.0%
41.0%
39.1%
41.6%
35.9%
36.2%
35.5%
33.8%
36.3%
35.6%
33.5%
34.5%
32.2%
37.5%
*Note: the footprint value for MY 2011 is preliminary, and is based on different data sources than values for MY 2008-2010.
14
-------
Table 2 (continued)
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Adj
Comp
MPG
13.1
14.2
15.1
15.8
15.9
19.2
20.5
21.1
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.8
22.0
21.9
21.4
21.2
21.3
20.8
20.9
20.4
20.5
20.4
20.1
20.1
19.7
19.8
19.6
19.5
19.6
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.6
21.0
22.4
22.6
22.8
Weight
(Ib)
4060
4079
3982
3715
3655
3228
3202
3202
3257
3262
3271
3238
3221
3283
3351
3426
3410
3512
3519
3603
3613
3659
inn
3744
3835
3821
3879
3951
3999
4111
4059
4067
4093
4085
3914
4002
4084
Footprint
(sq ft) HP
137
135
136
129
124
104
102
103
107
109
114
114
118
123
129
135
138
145
147
152
158
164
169
171
179
181
187
195
199
211
209
213
217
49.0 219
48.2 208
48.5 214
49.6* 228
HP/
Weight
0.0335
0.0328
0.0339
0.0344
0.0335
0.0320
0.0318
0.0320
0.0327
0.0332
0.0347
0.0351
0.0361
0.0372
0.0382
0.0394
0.0402
0.0413
0.0416
0.0420
0.0438
0.0447
0.0452
0.0457
0.0465
0.0472
0.0480
0.0493
0.0496
0.0511
0.0512
0.0522
0.0525
0.0529
0.0523
0.0527
0.0549
O-to-60
Time
14.1
14.3
13.8
13.6
13.9
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.1
14.0
13.5
13.4
13.1
12.8
12.5
12.2
12.1
11.8
11.8
11.7
11.3
11.1
11.0
10.9
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.3
10.2
9.9
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.3
*Note: the footprint value for MY 2011 is preliminary, and is based on different data sources than values for MY 2008-2010.
15
-------
Figure 4
Ton-MPG by Model Year
(with Three-Year Moving Average)
50
45
40
CD
CL
2 35
c
o
30
25
Car
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995
Model Year
2000
2005
2010
Another dramatic long-term trend has been the substantial increase in performance of cars and light trucks
as measured by their estimated O-to-60 mph acceleration time. These trends are shown graphically in Figure 5,
which plots fuel economy versus performance for model years since 1975. Both graphs show the same story: in the
late 1970s and early 1980s, responding to the regulatory requirements for mpg improvement, the industry increased
mpg and kept performance roughly constant. After the regulatory mpg requirements stabilized, mpg improvements
ended and performance dramatically improved through 2005 or so. In recent years, both fuel economy and
performance have improved.
Figure 6 is similar to Figure 5, but shows the trends in weight and laboratory fuel economy. Weight
decreased from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, then increased dramatically until about 2005 or so, and has been
more stable in recent years.
16
-------
CD
Q_
o
-t-J
ro
o
_Q
ro
LO
LO
30
25
20
15
30
25
20
15
Figure 5
Laboratory MPG vs. O-to-60 Time by Model Year
2010
Car
1975-
1985
Truck
1975-^e
10
11 12 13
O-to-60 Time (sec.)
14
O
Q.
30
25
20
15
O
-I— •
E
o
ro 30
55 25
10
20
15
Figure 6
Laboratory MPG vs. Vehicle Weight by Model Year
2500
1995
2010
3000
1975-
2010
1985
1980
Car
Truck
1975
3500 4000
Weight (Ib)
4500
5000
17
-------
IV. Carbon Dioxide Emissions Trends
This section focuses on light-duty vehicle tailpipe carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions data that are measured
over the EPA city and highway test procedures. As discussed below, the CO2 emissions data, along with data for
carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions, are used to calculate the vehicle fuel economy levels presented in the
rest of this report.
CO2 is the most important greenhouse gas, responsible for a majority of all global, anthropogenic
greenhouse gas emissions. Light-duty vehicles directly emit approximately 17% of total U.S. CO2 emissions.2 In
April 2007, the U.S. Supreme Court determined that CO2 is a pollutant under the Clean Air Act3, and in December
2009, EPA published two findings that CO2 and other greenhouse gases from new motor vehicles and new motor
vehicle engines contribute to air pollution, and that the air pollution may reasonably be anticipated to endanger
public health and welfare.4 In May 2010, EPA published the first-ever light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emissions
standards, under the Clean Air Act, for MY 2012-2016.5 These standards are part of a new, harmonized National
Program that also includes new CAFE standards for MY 2012-2016, established and administered by NHTSA.
One of the goals of the National Policy is to establish a harmonized set of greenhouse gas emissions and CAFE
standards that automakers can meet with a single national fleet. In December 2011, EPA and NHTSA proposed
new light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emissions and CAFE standards for MY 2017-2025.6
Pre-2009 reports in this series presented fuel economy data only and did not include CO2 emissions data.
Beginning with the 2009 report, EPA has added CO2 emissions data. Rather than adding CO2 emissions data to all
or most of the large number of tables and figures in this report, we are providing a few key summary tables and
figures dedicated to CO2 emissions in this section as well as a methodology with which a reader can convert fuel
economy values from other sections of this report to equivalent CO2 emissions levels. Section III and Sections V
through VII of this report, as well as all of the appendices, continue to focus exclusively on fuel economy data.
The light-duty vehicle tailpipe CO2 emissions data provided in this report represent the sum of three
pollutants that EPA and automakers directly measure in the formal emissions certification and fuel economy
compliance test programs:
• CO2 emissions;
• Carbon monoxide emissions, converted to an equivalent CO2 level on a mass basis by multiplying by a
factor of 1.57, which is based on the ratio of molecular weights; and
• Hydrocarbon emissions, converted to an equivalent CO2 level on a mass basis by multiplying by a factor of
approximately 3.17, which is dependent on the measured carbon weight fraction of vehicle test fuel.
U.S. EPA, 2009, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2007, EPA 430-R-09-004.
3 549 U.S. 497(2007).
4 74 Federal Register 66496 (December 15, 2009).
5 75 Federal Register 25324 (May 7, 2010)
6 76 Federal Register 74854 (December 1, 2011).
18
-------
While including the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions adds, on average, less than one percent to
the tailpipe CO2-equivalent emissions for late model year light-duty vehicles, they are included in the CO2
emissions values for three reasons:
• Atmospheric processes convert carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons to CO2 relatively quickly compared to
the much longer atmospheric lifetime of CO2;
• Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions are included, along with CO2, in the "carbon balance"
equations that EPA uses to calculate fuel economy values, so they must also be included in the CO2 values
to maintain the mathematical integrity of the equations given below to convert between CO2 emissions and
fuel economy values; and
• Including carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions is consistent with EPA's light-duty vehicle CO2
emissions standard-setting approach.
EPA routinely measures CO2, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon emissions as part of its compliance
programs. The individual fuel economy test values that comprise the EPA fuel economy trends database are
calculated from a set of "carbon balance" equations based on direct measurement of CO2, carbon monoxide, and
total hydrocarbon emissions. Since carbon is neither created nor destroyed in the combustion process, quantifying
the various carbon-containing compounds in the vehicle exhaust as well as the carbon weight fraction of the
gasoline test fuel allows the precise calculation of the amount of fuel that was combusted in the vehicle engine.
Ironically, while the fuel economy values are calculated from CO2, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon emissions
data, the historic EPA fuel economy trends database files do not include the direct emissions data. In order to add
CO2 emissions data to the historical database, EPA has back-calculated the CO2 emissions (and associated carbon
monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions, converted to CO2 on a mass basis) levels from fuel economy values by
reversing the carbon balance equations.
As with the fuel economy data in this report, the light-duty vehicle CO2 emissions values are expressed in
two ways: unadjusted/laboratory values (which will be used for CO2 emissions regulatory compliance beginning in
MY 2012) and adjusted/real world values (which are used for consumer information and environmental analysis).
The CO2 emissions values do not represent total light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emissions, as there are other
sources of greenhouse gas emissions beyond the tailpipe CO2 emissions values. It is also important to note that the
tailpipe CO2 emissions data in this report do not reflect greenhouse gas emissions associated with vehicle assembly,
component manufacturing, or vehicle disposal, nor upstream fuel-related production or distribution.
The unadjusted/laboratory CO2 emissions values are the direct emissions data measured over the EPA city
and highway tests. The vehicle air conditioner is turned off during these tests. The EPA city and highway tests will
be used for compliance with future EPA light-duty vehicle CO2 emissions standards (CO2 standards allow the use
of air conditioning and other credits so that the unadjusted CO2 tailpipe emissions data in this report may not align
perfectly with the EPA CO2 standards or tailpipe compliance values). For late model year vehicles, the unadjusted
CO2 emissions values represent about 90% of total unadjusted light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emissions. The
remaining 10% of total light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emissions is comprised of air conditioner efficiency-
related CO2 emissions (about 4%), air conditioner hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant emissions leaks (approximately
5%), tailpipe nitrous oxide emissions (about 2%), and tailpipe methane emissions (methane is one hydrocarbon
compound with a longer atmospheric lifetime and higher global warming potency, but its mass emissions are so
19
-------
low from gasoline vehicles that its potency-adjusted CO2-equivalent emissions are about 0.2% of total light-duty
vehicle greenhouse gas emissions).7
The adjusted CO2 emissions values are calculated by increasing the unadjusted/laboratory CO2 emissions
test data to account for the many variables that can affect real world vehicle CO2 emissions. For a detailed
discussion of the methodology that EPA uses to convert unadjusted vehicle fuel economy values to adjusted fuel
economy values, see Appendix A. This same methodology is used to calculate adjusted CO2 emissions values as
well. On average, based on the current fleet mix, adjusted CO2 emissions levels are about 25% higher than
unadjusted CO2 values. Because the adjusted CO2 values take the impact of air conditioner operation on vehicle
tailpipe CO2 emissions into account, adjusted CO2 values represent about 95% of total adjusted real world light-
duty vehicle greenhouse gas emissions, with the remainder composed of air conditioner hydrofluorocarbon
refrigerant emissions leaks, tailpipe nitrous oxide emissions, and the higher global warming potency associated
with tailpipe methane emissions.
Table 3 gives key light-duty vehicle CO2 emissions data for the entire data series from 1975 through 2011
for cars only, trucks only, and cars and trucks combined. Table 3 is very similar to Table 1, except that the fuel
economy data in Table 1 is replaced with CO2 emissions data in Table 3.
7 75 Federal Register 25421-25425 (May 7, 2010).
20
-------
Table 3
Carbon Dioxide Emissions of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
(000)
8265
9754
11344
11213
10819
9448
8736
7837
8037
10735
10895
11083
10836
10853
10138
8882
8755
8361
8941
8747
9708
8379
8897
8570
9019
9899
9549
9484
8937
8649
9088
9070
9345
8546
6448
7147
-
Production
Percent
80.8%
79.1%
80.3%
77.6%
77.9%
83.6%
82.8%
80.5%
78.0%
76.6%
75.3%
72.1%
72.9%
71.0%
70.1%
70.4%
69.6%
68.7%
67.7%
61.9%
64.1%
63.7%
61.5%
59.3%
59.3%
59.7%
61.2%
58.8%
56.7%
55.1%
57.2%
60.0%
61.2%
61.5%
69.2%
64.3%
62.4%
Lab City
C02
(g/mi)
650
584
556
517
504
439
412
401
402
397
389
376
374
368
375
380
379
388
384
383
381
384
382
382
386
387
384
383
376
379
368
371
358
355
337
326
323
LabHwy
C02
(g/mi)
457
418
400
364
363
308
288
273
273
268
260
251
249
244
246
248
247
248
246
244
239
242
241
241
244
245
245
246
241
241
236
237
231
229
219
214
208
Lab 55/45
C02
(g/mi)
563
510
486
448
440
380
356
343
344
339
331
319
317
312
317
321
320
325
322
320
317
320
319
318
322
323
322
321
315
317
309
311
301
298
284
275
271
Adj City
C02
(g/mi)
722
649
618
574
560
488
458
445
447
441
432
420
420
416
427
435
437
449
447
449
449
456
456
458
467
470
470
471
467
473
463
467
452
448
426
414
410
Adj Hwy
C02
(g/mi)
586
536
513
466
465
395
369
350
350
343
333
323
321
316
320
324
325
327
326
325
320
325
325
326
331
335
337
339
333
335
331
332
323
320
307
300
293
Adj Comp
C02
(g/mi)
661
598
571
526
517
446
418
403
403
397
387
375
374
369
376
382
382
389
387
386
383
388
388
388
394
397
397
398
392
395
388
390
379
375
359
349
343
C02/
Ton
327
297
290
294
298
289
273
264
259
256
251
247
247
243
243
241
242
240
239
237
234
234
234
232
232
233
231
230
226
224
220
217
212
209
203
197
192
COJ
CuFt
-
-
5.2
4.9
4.8
4.4
4.0
3.9
3.8
3.8
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.2
3.1
3.1
coj
Ton/
CuFt
-
-
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.7
21
-------
Table 3 (continued)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
(000)
1959
2580
2779
3235
3063
1859
1818
1896
2266
3285
3564
4282
4030
4442
4316
3733
3818
3811
4269
5378
5436
4766
5562
5887
6200
6675
6061
6635
6838
7061
6806
6035
5932
5354
2867
3964
-
Production
Percent
19.2%
20.9%
19.7%
22.4%
22.1%
16.4%
17.2%
19.5%
22.0%
23.4%
24.7%
27.9%
27.1%
29.0%
29.9%
29.6%
30.4%
31.3%
32.3%
38.1%
35.9%
36.3%
38.5%
40.7%
40.7%
40.3%
38.8%
41.2%
43.3%
44.9%
42.8%
40.0%
38.8%
38.5%
30.8%
35.7%
37.6%
Lab City
C02
(g/mi)
733
692
632
645
663
541
502
496
489
497
494
473
472
485
492
499
487
500
494
501
508
502
508
504
514
503
513
513
506
513
499
491
488
476
457
449
445
LabHwy
C02
(g/mi)
548
525
490
507
530
406
374
368
356
361
358
343
336
341
345
344
335
340
335
342
343
336
341
335
344
340
348
346
340
342
331
327
322
314
301
296
292
Lab 55/45
C02
(g/mi)
650
617
568
583
604
481
444
439
429
436
433
415
411
420
426
429
419
428
422
429
434
427
433
428
437
430
439
438
432
436
423
417
413
403
387
380
376
Adj City
C02
(g/mi)
815
769
703
716
737
601
558
552
543
552
549
529
530
548
558
569
559
576
573
584
595
591
602
600
614
606
621
624
619
631
618
609
605
591
568
559
555
Adj Hwy
C02
(g/mi)
702
673
628
650
679
521
479
472
456
462
460
441
434
441
449
449
439
447
442
453
457
448
458
450
465
461
474
473
467
471
457
452
446
435
418
411
405
Adj Comp
C02
(g/mi)
764
726
669
687
711
565
523
516
504
512
508
489
486
498
506
511
500
512
507
518
524
517
526
521
534
527
541
540
534
541
527
519
514
502
483
475
469
COJ
Ton
374
349
323
330
333
294
275
272
268
270
267
261
261
259
258
255
253
252
249
250
250
244
241
242
241
240
239
235
230
226
222
218
211
207
203
199
193
22
-------
Table 3 (continued)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
(000)
10224
12334
14123
14448
13882
11306
10554
9732
10302
14020
14460
15365
14865
15295
14453
12615
12573
12172
13211
14125
15145
13144
14459
14458
15218
16574
15610
16119
15775
15711
15893
15105
15277
13900
9315
11111
Production
Percent
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lab City
C02
(g/mi)
666
607
571
545
539
456
428
419
421
421
414
403
400
402
410
415
412
423
419
428
426
427
431
431
438
434
434
436
432
439
424
419
409
401
374
370
369
LabHwy
C02
(g/mi)
474
440
418
396
399
324
303
292
291
290
284
276
272
272
275
276
274
277
275
281
277
276
280
279
285
283
285
287
284
286
277
273
266
261
244
243
240
Lab 55/45
C02
(g/mi)
580
532
502
478
476
397
371
362
363
362
356
346
343
343
349
353
350
357
354
362
359
359
363
363
369
366
367
369
366
370
358
353
345
338
315
313
311
Adj City
C02
(g/mi)
740
674
635
606
599
507
475
466
468
467
461
450
450
454
466
475
474
488
488
500
501
505
512
516
527
525
529
534
533
544
529
523
511
503
470
465
465
Adj Hwy
C02
(g/mi)
608
565
535
508
512
416
388
374
373
371
364
356
352
353
359
361
360
365
364
374
369
370
376
377
386
386
390
394
391
396
385
380
371
364
341
340
335
Adj Comp
C02
(g/mi)
681
625
590
562
560
466
436
425
426
424
417
407
405
407
415
420
418
427
426
436
434
435
441
442
451
450
453
457
454
461
447
442
431
424
397
394
391
COJ
Ton
336
308
296
302
306
290
274
266
261
259
255
251
251
247
247
245
245
243
242
242
240
238
237
236
235
236
234
232
227
225
221
218
212
208
203
197
192
23
-------
Figure 7 plots the adjusted CO2 emissions values over time, for cars only, trucks only, and both cars and
trucks combined.
Figure 7
Adjusted CO2 Emissions by Model Year (grams/mile)
o
o
700
600
o o>
.^, ^ 500
s
400
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Table 3 and Figure 7 show that, over the last 35 years, adjusted (real world) CO2 emissions rates have gone
through four distinct phases. Most dramatically, adjusted composite (city/highway) CO2 emissions rates for the
combined car/truck fleet fell sharply from 681 grams per mile (g/mi) in MY 1975 to 436 g/mi in MY 1981, for a
36% reduction over 6 years. Adjusted CO2 emissions continued to decline, though much more slowly, reaching
405 g/mi in MY 1987, which represents a 41% reduction from MY 1975. The trend then reversed, as adjusted CO2
levels rose slowly over the next 17 years, reaching 461 g/mi in MY 2004, a 14% increase relative to the MY 1987
low. Adjusted CO2 emissions have decreased for each of the last seven years. The MY 2010 value, based on final
CAFE reports, is 394 g/mi, which is an all-time low, and represents a 15% reduction relative to MY 2004. The
preliminary MY 2011 value, based on automaker production projections made prior to the beginning of the model
year, is 391 g/mi, which if accurate, would be another all-time low.
Laboratory CO2 emissions values are also given in Table 3. Because laboratory values do not reflect the
changes that EPA made to its methodology for adjusting fuel economy and CO2 emissions levels for real world
estimates for consumers, they are the best metric for evaluating CO2 emissions trends solely on vehicle design
considerations. Based on the 55/45 (city/highway) laboratory CO2 values in Table 3, the 313 g/mi value in MY
2010 and the preliminary MY 2011 value of 311 g/mi also represent all-time lows.
Table 4 shows key light-duty vehicle characteristics, along with the adjusted composite CO2 emissions
values, for the MY 1975 through 2011 timeframe for cars only, trucks only, and cars and trucks combined. Table 4
is very similar to Table 2, except that the fuel economy data in Table 2 is replaced with CO2 emissions data in
Table 4.
24
-------
Table 4
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
Percent
80.8%
79.1%
80.3%
77.6%
77.9%
83.6%
82.8%
80.5%
78.0%
76.6%
75.3%
72.1%
72.9%
71.0%
70.1%
70.4%
69.6%
68.7%
67.7%
61.9%
64.1%
63.7%
61.5%
59.3%
59.3%
59.7%
61.2%
58.8%
56.7%
55.1%
57.2%
60.0%
61.2%
61.5%
69.2%
64.3%
62.4%
Adj Comp
C02
(g/mi)
661
598
571
526
517
446
418
403
403
397
387
375
374
369
376
382
382
389
387
386
383
388
388
388
394
397
397
398
392
395
388
390
379
375
359
349
343
Vol
(cuft)
-
110
109
109
104
107
106
109
108
108
107
107
107
108
107
107
109
109
109
109
110
109
110
110
111
111
113
112
113
114
114
113
113
113
114
114
Weight Footprint
(Ib) (sq ft)
4058
4060
3945
3590
3485
3102
3076
3054
3112
3101
3098
3044
3036
3052
3105
3179
3169
3255
3242
3268
3284
3325
3315
3348
3404
3414
3450
3472
3481
3534
3524
3594
3577
3592 45.6
3526 45.5
3552 45.4
3589 45.8*
HP
136
134
133
124
119
100
99
99
104
106
111
111
113
116
121
129
133
141
140
144
153
155
157
160
165
169
171
176
179
186
185
195
192
195
187
191
198
HP/
Weight
0.0331
0.0324
0.0335
0.0342
0.0338
0.0322
0.0320
0.0321
0.0330
0.0338
0.0354
0.0360
0.0365
0.0375
0.0387
0.0401
0.0413
0.0427
0.0427
0.0432
0.0459
0.0461
0.0467
0.0473
0.0479
0.0489
0.0490
0.0503
0.0509
0.0520
0.0517
0.0536
0.0530
0.0535
0.0522
0.0529
0.0541
O-to-60
Time
14.2
14.4
14.0
13.7
13.8
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.0
13.8
13.3
13.2
13.0
12.8
12.4
12.1
11.9
11.5
11.5
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.4
10.3
10.1
10.0
9.8
9.9
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.8
9.6
9.5
Small
55.3%
55.3%
51.8%
44.6%
43.7%
54.4%
51.5%
56.6%
53.0%
57.1%
55.2%
59.1%
63.1%
64.5%
57.9%
58.4%
60.4%
55.4%
54.7%
57.0%
55.8%
51.7%
52.8%
46.9%
45.1%
45.1%
46.3%
43.8%
45.5%
41.9%
39.6%
40.7%
38.7%
38.4%
41.7%
41.4%
34.8%
Midsize
23.4%
25.3%
24.6%
34.4%
34.2%
34.4%
36.4%
31.0%
31.9%
29.7%
29.6%
28.4%
24.9%
22.8%
28.8%
29.0%
27.7%
29.4%
32.8%
28.2%
30.7%
35.5%
33.6%
41.8%
42.6%
37.4%
37.0%
39.0%
38.2%
40.9%
42.5%
37.9%
43.9%
41.5%
40.4%
41.4%
44.3%
Large
21.3%
19.4%
23.5%
21.0%
22.1%
11.3%
12.2%
12.5%
15.0%
13.2%
15.2%
12.5%
12.1%
12.7%
13.3%
12.6%
12.0%
15.2%
12.6%
14.8%
13.6%
12.8%
13.6%
11.3%
12.4%
17.5%
16.7%
17.2%
16.3%
17.2%
17.9%
21.5%
17.4%
20.1%
17.9%
17.2%
20.9%
*Note: the footprint value for MY 2011 is preliminary, and is based on different data sources than values for MY 2008-2010.
25
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Production
Percent
19.2%
20.9%
19.7%
22.4%
22.1%
16.4%
17.2%
19.5%
22.0%
23.4%
24.7%
27.9%
27.1%
29.0%
29.9%
29.6%
30.4%
31.3%
32.3%
38.1%
35.9%
36.3%
38.5%
40.7%
40.7%
40.3%
38.8%
41.2%
43.3%
44.9%
42.8%
40.0%
38.8%
38.5%
30.8%
35.7%
37.6%
Adj Comp
C02
(g/mi)
764
726
669
687
711
565
523
516
504
512
508
489
486
498
506
511
500
512
507
518
524
517
526
521
534
527
541
540
534
541
527
519
514
502
483
475
469
Weight
(Ib)
4069
4153
4133
4150
4256
3867
3805
3812
3772
3786
3800
3740
3716
3849
3931
4013
3961
4078
4099
4149
4199
4246
4386
4320
4463
4425
4556
4635
4676
4818
4774
4776
4906
4871
4788
4811
4905
Footprint
(sq ft) HP
142
141
147
146
138
121
118
120
118
118
124
123
131
141
146
151
150
155
160
166
168
180
189
188
199
199
212
223
224
241
242
240
256
54.5 256
54.3 254
54.1 254
55.9* 279
HP/
Weight
0.0349
0.0340
0.0356
0.0351
0.0325
0.0313
0.0311
0.0317
0.0313
0.0310
0.0326
0.0330
0.0351
0.0365
0.0371
0.0377
0.0379
0.0380
0.0391
0.0401
0.0400
0.0422
0.0429
0.0434
0.0445
0.0448
0.0464
0.0479
0.0478
0.0499
0.0505
0.0502
0.0519
0.0521
0.0526
0.0525
0.0564
O-to-60
Time
13.6
13.8
13.3
13.4
14.3
14.5
14.6
14.5
14.6
14.7
14.1
14.0
13.4
13.0
12.8
12.7
12.6
12.6
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.4
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.6
10.4
10.4
10.1
10.0
10.0
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.1
Small
10.7%
8.8%
10.7%
10.7%
14.9%
28.4%
23.3%
20.7%
16.3%
19.7%
19.8%
23.9%
19.8%
14.5%
13.5%
12.9%
10.8%
9.8%
8.7%
9.2%
8.6%
6.3%
9.2%
8.4%
7.4%
5.5%
5.4%
6.6%
5.8%
5.2%
2.6%
2.3%
2.3%
3.0%
2.7%
2.9%
2.0%
Midsize
23.8%
20.0%
20.0%
22.5%
19.3%
17.4%
19.0%
30.9%
45.6%
45.6%
47.0%
47.7%
59.1%
56.9%
58.5%
56.9%
66.4%
62.9%
62.5%
61.9%
61.8%
64.6%
49.9%
56.9%
53.2%
53.6%
43.0%
41.0%
44.0%
41.3%
43.9%
44.5%
39.7%
43.6%
46.1%
46.3%
36.2%
Large
65.5%
71.3%
69.3%
66.9%
65.8%
54.1%
57.8%
48.4%
38.1%
34.7%
33.2%
28.5%
21.1%
28.6%
27.9%
30.1%
22.7%
27.3%
28.8%
28.9%
29.6%
29.1%
40.8%
34.8%
39.3%
40.9%
51.6%
52.5%
50.1%
53.5%
53.5%
53.2%
58.1%
53.4%
51.2%
50.8%
61.8%
Van
23.3%
19.5%
18.5%
19.3%
15.7%
13.0%
13.5%
16.4%
16.9%
20.6%
24.0%
24.4%
27.6%
25.5%
29.6%
33.8%
27.1%
32.0%
33.8%
26.4%
30.6%
29.6%
22.8%
25.3%
23.6%
25.3%
20.3%
18.7%
18.0%
13.5%
21.8%
19.3%
14.3%
14.8%
12.8%
14.1%
11.9%
SUV
8.1%
8.2%
8.6%
10.6%
12.3%
9.7%
7.3%
7.6%
11.2%
17.2%
17.7%
16.5%
19.1%
19.1%
18.7%
17.0%
22.6%
19.7%
19.3%
24.0%
27.7%
29.4%
33.9%
33.7%
35.3%
35.5%
38.1%
45.4%
45.8%
51.0%
44.4%
44.4%
50.1%
51.7%
52.6%
53.7%
50.7%
Pickup
68.5%
72.3%
72.9%
70.1%
72.0%
77.3%
79.2%
76.0%
71.9%
62.2%
58.3%
59.1%
53.3%
55.3%
51.7%
49.2%
50.3%
48.3%
46.9%
49.6%
41.8%
41.0%
43.3%
41.0%
41.0%
39.1%
41.6%
35.9%
36.2%
35.5%
33.8%
36.3%
35.6%
33.5%
34.5%
32.2%
37.5%
*Note: the footprint value for MY 2011 is preliminary, and is based on different data sources than values for MY 2008-2010.
26
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Vehicle Size and Design Characteristics of MY 1975 to 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Adj Comp
C02
(g/mi)
681
625
590
562
560
466
436
425
426
424
417
407
405
407
415
420
418
427
426
436
434
435
441
442
451
450
453
457
454
461
447
442
431
424
397
394
391
Weight
(Ib)
4060
4079
3982
3715
3655
3228
3202
3202
3257
3262
3271
3238
3221
3283
3351
3426
3410
3512
3519
3603
3613
3659
inn
3744
3835
3821
3879
3951
3999
4111
4059
4067
4093
4085
3914
4002
4084
Footprint
(sq ft) HP
137
135
136
129
124
104
102
103
107
109
114
114
118
123
129
135
138
145
147
152
158
164
169
171
179
181
187
195
199
211
209
213
217
49.0 219
48.2 208
48.5 214
49.6* 228
HP/
Weight
0.0335
0.0328
0.0339
0.0344
0.0335
0.0320
0.0318
0.0320
0.0327
0.0332
0.0347
0.0351
0.0361
0.0372
0.0382
0.0394
0.0402
0.0413
0.0416
0.0420
0.0438
0.0447
0.0452
0.0457
0.0465
0.0472
0.0480
0.0493
0.0496
0.0511
0.0512
0.0522
0.0525
0.0529
0.0523
0.0527
0.0549
O-to-60
Time
14.1
14.3
13.8
13.6
13.9
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.1
14.0
13.5
13.4
13.1
12.8
12.5
12.2
12.1
11.8
11.8
11.7
11.3
11.1
11.0
10.9
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.3
10.2
9.9
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.3
*Note: the footprint value for MY 2011 is preliminary, and is based on different data sources than values for MY 2008-2010.
27
-------
Table 4 shows that average, combined car/truck, weight and horsepower levels declined significantly from
MY 1975 through MY 1981, with weight decreasing by over 850 pounds (21%) and power decreasing by 35
horsepower (26%). Average vehicle weight grew slowly in the 1980s, and more rapidly thereafter, and by MY
2004 average weight had reached an all-time high of 4111 pounds. It has dropped slightly since. Average vehicle
horsepower grew steadily since MY 1981, until decreasing by 11 horsepower in MY 2009 and then increasing by 6
horsepower in MY 2010. The projected MY 2011 level of 228 horsepower represents a 66% increase over MY
1975, and a 124% increase relative to MY 1981, which was the all-time low for this data series. Table 4 also shows
that average MY 2010 footprint values were 45.4 square feet for cars, 54.1 square feet for trucks, and 48.5 square
feet for cars and trucks combined.
The manufacturer definitions in this report are those used by NHTSA for purposes of implementation of
and manufacturer compliance with the CAFE program. Make is typically included in the model name and is
generally recognized by consumers as the "brand" of the vehicle. The Pontiac, Saturn, and Mercury makes no
longer exist, but are included since Table 5 also includes MY 2009 and 2010. For more details on this vehicle
grouping approach, and the thresholds that were used to identify the 13 manufacturers and 30 makes shown in
Table 5, see the more detailed discussion in Section VII. It is important to note that when a manufacturer or make
grouping is changed to reflect a change in the industry's financial structure, EPA makes the same adjustment in the
historical database back to 1975. This maintains a consistent manufacturer (or make) definition over time, which
allows a better identification of long-term trends. On the other hand, this also means that the current database does
not necessarily reflect actual financial or structural arrangements in the past. For example, the 2011 database no
longer accounts for the fact that Chrysler was combined with Daimler for several years, and Table 5 shows data for
a Chrysler Ram make for MY 2009, even though Ram did not formally become a separate make until MY 2010.
Table 5 gives adjusted CO2 emissions values for cars, trucks, and cars and trucks combined for MY 2009-
2011, for the 13 highest-selling manufacturers and 30 largest makes associated with those manufacturers.
Manufacturers are listed in order of increasing MY 2010 car plus truck CO2 emissions rate. By including data from
both MY 2009 and MY 2010, with formal end-of-year data for both years, it is possible to identify meaningful
changes from year-to-year. Because of the uncertainty associated with the MY 2011 projections, changes from MY
2010 to MY 2011 are less meaningful. EPA anticipates that the MY 2011 results for all manufacturers will change
after the final data has been submitted to EPA, and the final MY 2011 data will be included in next year's report.
28
-------
Table 5
Adjusted Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Manufacturer and Make for MY 2009-2011 (g/mi)
Manufacturer
Hyundai
Kia
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
Honda
Honda
Honda
VW
vw
VW
Mazda
Subaru
Nissan
Nissan
Nissan
BMW
BMW
BMW
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
Ford
Ford
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Daimler
Daimler
Daimler
Other
Fleet
2009
Make Cars
All
All
Toyota
Lexus
Scion
All
Honda
Acura
All
VW
Audi
All
All
All
Nissan
Infiniti
All
BMW
Mini
All
Chevrolet
CMC
Buick
Cadillac
Pontiac
Saturn
All
Ford
Mercury
Lincoln
All
Dodge
Chrysler
Jeep
Ram
All
Mercedes-Benz
Smart
All
All
348
347
312
401
350
322
330
381
334
360
391
370
373
389
341
421
349
417
293
390
362
519
366
466
378
371
374
372
408
439
383
418
404
436
-
417
454
239
432
395
359
2009
Trucks
447
461
437
482
442
428
496
438
456
488
475
414
397
459
506
462
491
-
491
517
517
464
574
447
462
514
507
443
480
505
498
452
512
563
501
542
-
542
526
483
2009 Cars
and 2010
Trucks Cars
355
367
341
425
350
349
354
424
361
365
410
379
383
393
371
437
377
432
293
407
430
517
390
487
379
393
432
433
414
443
433
429
436
494
563
464
476
239
457
419
397
325
318
293
385
343
306
321
382
327
341
380
351
352
373
338
420
346
422
305
390
360
356
420
434
348
404
371
364
387
430
370
410
398
424
-
409
451
241
446
391
349
2010
Trucks
386
445
463
416
454
418
473
425
451
463
459
431
382
482
554
487
480
-
480
487
484
459
489
450
485
513
463
470
510
461
452
500
556
488
522
-
522
517
475
2010 Cars
and 2011
Trucks Cars
329
330
343
397
343
350
349
413
357
346
404
363
364
379
378
449
384
434
305
404
407
465
435
449
348
432
418
437
401
441
435
428
430
484
556
455
474
241
471
436
394
318
316
301
353
314
310
313
373
318
332
379
347
346
371
332
406
341
398
290
377
343
346
396
431
-
357
357
405
420
363
391
386
405
-
392
441
239
421
382
343
2011
Trucks
395
395
448
416
-
444
405
472
416
421
429
427
455
371
456
522
461
448
-
448
496
496
454
508
-
-
495
483
416
488
483
463
425
488
553
484
509
-
509
493
469
2011 Cars
and
Trucks
323
327
354
373
314
354
338
417
345
338
395
360
355
371
361
421
368
408
290
389
421
484
413
461
-
431
416
406
440
417
421
409
471
553
451
462
239
447
413
391
29
-------
Nine of the 13 manufacturers reduced CO2 emissions in MY 2010, and the industry level of 394 g/mi
represents an all-time low. In terms of manufacturers, Hyundai had the lowest MY 2010 adjusted CO2 emissions
performance of 329 g/mi, followed closely by Kia at 330 g/mi. Toyota was next lowest at 350 g/mi. Daimler had
the highest MY 2010 adjusted CO2 emissions performance for any manufacturer, 471 g/mi, and was followed by
Chrysler at 455 g/mi and Ford at 435 g/mi. In terms of improvement from MY 2009 to MY 2010, Kia had the
largest reduction of 37 g/mi, followed by Hyundai at 26 g/mi and Mazda with 19 g/mi.
In terms of makes in MY 2010, the Smart had the lowest CO2 emissions of 241 g/mi. Of course, the Smart
Fortwo is the smallest and lightest car in the U.S. market and has very small production volumes. The make with
the second-lowest CO2 emissions performance in MY 2010 is the Mini, which also produces relatively low volumes
of small vehicles, at 305 g/mi. Of the makes with higher production, Hyundai had the lowest CO2 emissions at 329
g/mi, followed by Kia at 330 g/mi and Toyota and Scion at 343 g/mi.
Preliminary projections suggest that 11 of the 13 manufacturers will improve CO2 emissions performance
further in MY 2011, though EPA will not have actual data for MY 2011 until later this year. Hyundai, Kia, and
Honda are projected to be the overall CO2 emissions leaders for MY 2011.
While Tables 3, 4, and 5 provide key summary CO2 emissions data, EPA recognizes that many users will
want the CO2 emissions values equivalent to the fuel economy values in many other tables in this report.
Converting fuel economy values from tables in this report to approximate equivalent CO2 emissions values is fairly
straightforward.
If it is known that a fuel economy value in this report is based on a single gasoline vehicle, or a 100%
gasoline vehicle fleet, one can calculate the precise corresponding CO2 value by simply dividing 8887 (which is a
typical value for the grams of CO2 per gallon of gasoline test fuel, assuming all the carbon is converted to CO2) by
the fuel economy value in miles per gallon. For example, 8887 divided by a gasoline vehicle fuel economy of 30
mpg would yield an equivalent CO2 emissions value of 296 grams per mile.
Since gasoline vehicle production has accounted for 99+% of all light-duty vehicle production for all model
years since 1975 except for the six years from 1979 through 1984, this simple approach yields very accurate results
for most model years.
Diesel fuel has 14.5% higher carbon content per gallon than gasoline. To calculate a CO2 equivalent value
for a diesel vehicle, one should divide 10,180 by the diesel vehicle fuel economy value. Accordingly, a 30 mpg
diesel vehicle would have a CO2 equivalent value of 339 grams per mile.
Table 6 should be used by those who want to make the most accurate conversions of industry-wide fuel
economy values to CO2 emissions values. Table 6 gives model year-specific industry-wide values for grams of CO2
per gallon based on actual light-duty gasoline and diesel vehicle production in that year. Using these model year-
specific values and dividing by the fuel economy value in miles per gallon will allow accurate conversions of
industry-wide fuel economy values to industry-wide CO2 emissions values.
Readers will have to make judgment calls about how to best convert fuel economy values that do not
represent industry-wide values (e.g., just small cars or vehicles with 5-speed automatic transmissions). If the user
knows the gasoline/diesel production volume fractions of the individual database component, it is best to generate a
weighted value of grams of CO2 per gallon based on the 8887 (gasoline) and 10,180 (diesel) factors discussed
above. Otherwise, the reader can choose between the model year-specific weighting in Table 6 (which implicitly
assumes that the diesel fraction in the database component of interest is similar to that for the overall fleet in that
30
-------
year) or the gasoline value of 8887 (implicitly assuming no diesels in that database component). In nearly all cases,
any error associated with either of these approaches will be relatively small.
Table 6
Factors for Converting Industry-wide Fuel Economy Values from this Report to
Carbon Dioxide Emissions Values
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Gasoline
Production
Share
99.8%
99.8%
99.6%
99.1%
98.0%
95.7%
94.1%
94.4%
97.3%
98.2%
99.1%
99.6%
99.7%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.8%
99.8%
99.9%
99.7%
99.6%
99.9%
99.9%
99.5%
99.3%
99.4%
Diesel
Production
Share
0.2%
0.2%
0.4%
0.9%
2.0%
4.3%
5.9%
5.6%
2.7%
1.8%
0.9%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
-
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
0.6%
Weighted CO2
per Gallon
(grams)
8890
8890
8892
8899
8913
8943
8963
8959
8922
8910
8899
8892
8891
8888
8888
8888
8888
8888
8887
8887
8887
8888
8888
8888
8888
8888
8888
8890
8890
8888
8891
8892
8888
8888
8893
8896
8895
31
-------
V. Fuel Economy Trends by Vehicle Type, Size, and Weight
Figure 8 shows production share trends by vehicle type. Of the six vehicle classes shown—cars, wagons,
non-truck SUVs, truck SUVs, vans, and pickups—the biggest overall increase in production share since 1975 has
been for the two categories of SUVs, which, combined, increased from less than two percent in MY 1975 to nearly
30% in MY 2011. The biggest overall decrease has been for cars, down from 71% of the fleet in MY 1975 to about
50% in MY 2011. By comparison, the production fraction for pickup trucks has remained relatively constant at
about 15% of overall production.
Figure 9 (size within vehicle type) and Table 7 (across the entire market) compares production fractions by
vehicle type and size with the fleet again stratified into six vehicle types (cars, station wagons, non-truck SUVs,
vans, truck SUVs, and pickup trucks) and three vehicle sizes (small, midsize, and large). Small cars have
historically been the leading segment, but midsize cars now have the highest share. Wagons have decreased from
about 10% of production in MY 1975 to about 4% of production today, almost exclusively small wagons.
Since 1975, the largest increases in production fractions have been for SUVs. Truck SUVs and non-truck
SUVs (those now classified as cars for regulatory purposes) are expected to account for nearly 30% of all light
vehicles sold in MY 2011, compared to combined totals of about 2% in MY 1975 and 6% in MY 1988,
respectively. Minivans and vans, whose popularity peaked in the 1990s, now account for less than 5% of
production, similar to MY 1975 levels. Almost all of the vans sold today are midsize minivans. Pickups are now
dominated by large pickups.
Figure 8
Production Share by Vehicle Type
100%
0) 80%
ro
c 60%
o
"§ 40%
20%
0%
Car
Non-Truck SUVS
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
32
-------
Figure 9
Production Share by Vehicle Size
£
CO
CO
c
o
'•5
3
T3
O
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Small
Car
Small
Wagon
Non-Truck SUV
Van
Small
Truck SUV
Small
Pickup
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
33
-------
Table 7
Production Shares of MY 1975,1988, and 2011 by Vehicle Size and Type
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Van
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Size
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
All Trucks
1975
40.0%
16.0%
15.2%
71.1%
4.7%
2.8%
1.9%
9.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%
3.0%
1.5%
4.5%
0.5%
1.1%
0.0%
1.6%
1.6%
0.5%
11.0%
13.1%
19.2%
1988
43.8%
13.8%
8.5%
66.2%
1.7%
1.9%
0.5%
4.0%
0.3%
0.5%
-
0.8%
0.4%
6.2%
0.9%
7.4%
1.6%
3.5%
0.5%
5.6%
2.2%
6.9%
7.0%
16.1%
29.0%
2011
17.7%
21.4%
9.9%
49.0%
3.9%
0.0%
-
4.0%
6.3%
3.1%
9.4%
4.3%
0.1%
4.5%
0.8%
8.7%
9.6%
19.1%
0.6%
13.5%
14.1%
37.6%
Difference
1975 to 2011
-22.2%
5.4%
-5.3%
-22.1%
-0.7%
-2.8%
-1.9%
-5.4%
-0.1%
6.1%
3.1%
9.1%
0.0%
1.4%
-1.4%
0.0%
0.3%
7.6%
9.6%
17.5%
-1.6%
0.1%
2.4%
1.0%
18.5%
Difference
1975 to 1988
3.9%
-2.1%
-6.7%
-5.0%
-3.0%
-1.0%
-1.4%
-5.4%
0.2%
0.4%
-0.1%
0.5%
0.3%
3.2%
-0.6%
2.9%
1.2%
2.4%
0.4%
4.0%
0.7%
6.3%
-4.1%
2.9%
9.9%
Difference
1988 to 2011
-26.1%
7.5%
1.4%
-17.2%
2.3%
-1.8%
-0.5%
0.0%
-0.3%
5.7%
3.1%
8.6%
-0.4%
-1.8%
-0.7%
-2.9%
-0.9%
5.2%
9.2%
13.5%
-2.2%
-6.3%
6.5%
-2.0%
8.6%
Figure 10 shows annual trends in adjusted fuel economy, weight, and performance for cars, wagons, non-
truck SUVs, vans, truck SUVs, and pickups. For all six vehicle types, the recent trends, since 2005, have been
increasing fuel economy, fairly stable weight, and decreasing 0-60 acceleration time (or increased performance).
Table 8 shows the lowest, average, and highest adjusted mpg performance by vehicle type and size for
three selected years. For both MY 1988 and 2011, the mpg performance is such that the midsize vehicles in all
vehicle type/size combinations have better fuel economy than the corresponding entry for small vehicles in 1975.
In Table 9, the percentage changes obtainable from the entries in Table 8 are presented. Average mpg for four
vehicle type/size combinations (midsize cars, large cars, midsize truck SUVs, and large truck SUVs) has more than
doubled since 1975. Since 1988, average fuel economy has decreased for midsize wagons and small truck SUVs.
Tables 10 and 11 present this same data in terms of fuel consumption.
34
-------
Car
Figure 10
Fuel Economy and Performance by Vehicle Type
Wagon Non-Truck SUV Van Truck SUV Pickup
25
20
15
5500
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
16
14
12
10
Adjusted
Composite MPG
Weight
(Ibs)
O-to-60
Time (sec)
to
oo
o
to o o to to o o
co o -^ oo co o -^
ooo oooo
-^ -^ K) K)
to to o o
00 (O O -^
oooo
-^ -^ K) K)
to to o o
00 (O O -^
oooo
CO CO
00 CO
o o
K) K)
o o
o -^
o o
-^ -^ K) K)
CO CO O O
00 CO O -^
oooo
Model Year
-------
Table 8
Lowest, Average, and Highest Adjusted Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type and Size
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Car
Truck
Fleet
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Van
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
All
All
All
Size
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
All
All
All
1975
Low
8.6
8.6
8.4
8.4
11.8
8.4
8.4
8.4
10.2
9.9
10.4
9.9
16.2
8.2
8.9
8.2
12.8
8.2
7.9
7.9
13.0
17.8
7.6
7.6
8.4
7.6
7.6
1975
Average
15.6
11.6
11.2
13.4
19.1
11.3
10.2
13.8
10.2
12.6
11.1
11.6
17.5
11.3
10.7
11.1
14.3
10.0
8.8
10.9
19.2
17.9
11.1
11.9
13.5
11.6
13.1
1975
High
28.3
18.4
14.6
28.3
24.1
25.0
12.8
25.0
10.2
18.4
13.7
18.4
18.5
18.4
14.5
18.5
16.3
16.7
11.1
16.7
20.8
18.0
18.5
20.8
28.3
20.8
28.3
1988
Low
7.5
10.5
10.0
7.5
17.1
17.5
19.2
17.1
18.6
11.6
-
11.6
15.5
11.3
10.0
10.0
15.6
10.2
12.2
10.2
13.3
15.3
9.8
9.8
7.5
9.8
7.5
1988
Average
25.7
22.6
20.6
24.2
26.3
22.2
19.4
23.3
19.4
18.5
-
18.8
20.6
18.4
14.3
17.9
20.5
16.2
14.0
17.1
21.0
21.3
15.2
18.1
24.1
17.9
21.9
1988
High
54.4
27.7
26.0
54.4
33.2
27.7
19.4
33.2
20.3
23.6
-
23.6
25.0
23.4
16.8
25.0
27.8
22.4
18.8
27.8
24.6
25.9
21.0
25.9
54.4
27.8
54.4
2011
Low
10.4
13.3
14.2
10.4
14.7
19.6
-
14.7
18.3
18.2
18.2
13.5
11.3
11.3
17.2
14.3
12.2
12.2
20.1
12.7
12.7
10.4
11.3
10.4
2011
Average
27.1
27.2
24.5
26.5
26.9
20.0
-
26.8
-
23.2
22.0
22.8
-
21.3
14.8
20.9
17.5
21.6
18.8
19.9
-
21.7
17.1
17.3
25.9
18.9
22.8
2011
High
42.9
49.3
28.8
49.3
35.6
23.0
-
35.6
31.9
27.0
31.9
23.2
17.4
23.2
17.5
29.4
24.4
29.4
24.3
22.1
24.3
49.3
29.4
49.3
36
-------
Table 9
Percent Change in Lowest, Average, and Highest Adjusted Fuel Economy
by Vehicle Type and Size
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Car
Truck
Fleet
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Van
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
All
All
All
Size
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
All
All
All
1975 to
2011
Low
21%
55%
69%
24%
25%
133%
-
75%
-
85%
75%
84%
-
65%
27%
38%
34%
74%
54%
54%
-
13%
67%
67%
24%
49%
37%
1975 to
2011
Average
74%
134%
119%
98%
41%
77%
-
94%
-
84%
98%
97%
-
88%
38%
88%
22%
116%
114%
83%
-
21%
54%
45%
92%
63%
74%
1975 to
2011
High
52%
168%
97%
74%
48%
-8%
-
42%
-
73%
97%
73%
-
26%
20%
25%
7%
76%
120%
76%
-
35%
19%
17%
74%
41%
74%
1975 to
1988
Low
-13%
22%
19%
-11%
45%
108%
129%
104%
82%
17%
17%
-4%
38%
12%
22%
22%
24%
54%
29%
2%
-14%
29%
29%
-11%
29%
-1%
1975 to
1988
Average
65%
95%
84%
81%
38%
96%
90%
69%
90%
47%
-
62%
18%
63%
34%
61%
43%
62%
59%
57%
9%
19%
37%
52%
79%
54%
67%
1975 to
1988
High
92%
51%
78%
92%
38%
11%
52%
33%
99%
28%
-
28%
35%
27%
16%
35%
71%
34%
69%
66%
18%
44%
14%
25%
92%
34%
92%
1988 to
2011
Low
39%
27%
42%
39%
-14%
12%
-
-14%
-
58%
-
57%
-
19%
13%
13%
10%
40%
0%
20%
-
31%
30%
30%
39%
15%
39%
1988 to
2011
Average
5%
20%
19%
10%
2%
-10%
-
15%
-
25%
21%
-
16%
3%
17%
-15%
33%
34%
16%
-
2%
13%
-4%
7%
6%
4%
1988 to
2011
High
-21%
78%
11%
-9%
7%
-17%
-
7%
-
35%
-
35%
-
-1%
4%
-7%
-37%
31%
30%
6%
-
-6%
5%
-6%
-9%
6%
-9%
37
-------
Table 10
Adjusted Fuel Consumption (Gal./100 miles) by Vehicle Type and Size
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Car
Truck
Fleet
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Van
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
All
All
All
Size
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
All
All
All
1975
Low
11.6
11.6
11.9
11.9
8.5
11.9
11.9
11.9
9.8
10.1
9.6
10.1
6.2
12.2
11.2
12.2
7.8
12.2
12.7
12.7
7.7
5.6
13.2
13.2
11.9
13.2
13.2
1975
Average
6.4
8.6
8.9
7.5
5.2
8.8
9.8
7.2
9.8
7.9
9.0
8.6
5.7
8.8
9.3
9.0
7.0
10.0
11.4
9.2
5.2
5.6
9.0
8.4
7.4
8.6
7.6
1975
High
3.5
5.4
6.8
3.5
4.1
4.0
7.8
4.0
9.8
5.4
7.3
5.4
5.4
5.4
6.9
5.4
6.1
6.0
9.0
6.0
4.8
5.6
5.4
4.8
3.5
4.8
3.5
1988
Low
13.3
9.5
10.0
13.3
5.8
5.7
5.2
5.8
5.4
8.6
-
8.6
6.5
8.8
10.0
10.0
6.4
9.8
8.2
9.8
7.5
6.5
10.2
10.2
13.3
10.2
13.3
1988
Average
3.9
4.4
4.9
4.1
3.8
4.5
5.2
4.3
5.2
5.4
-
5.3
4.9
5.4
7.0
5.6
4.9
6.2
7.1
5.8
4.8
4.7
6.6
5.5
4.1
5.6
4.6
1988
High
1.8
3.6
3.8
1.8
3.0
3.6
5.2
3.0
4.9
4.2
-
4.2
4.0
4.3
6.0
4.0
3.6
4.5
5.3
3.6
4.1
3.9
4.8
3.9
1.8
3.6
1.8
2011
Low
9.6
7.5
7.0
9.6
6.8
5.1
-
6.8
-
5.5
5.5
5.5
-
7.4
8.8
8.8
5.8
7.0
8.2
8.2
-
5.0
7.9
7.9
9.6
8.8
9.6
2011
Average
3.7
3.7
4.1
3.8
3.7
5.0
-
3.7
4.3
4.5
4.4
4.7
6.8
4.8
5.7
4.6
5.3
5.0
4.6
5.8
5.8
3.9
5.3
4.4
2011
High
2.3
2.0
3.5
2.0
2.8
4.3
-
2.8
-
3.1
3.7
3.1
-
4.3
5.7
4.3
5.7
3.4
4.1
3.4
-
4.1
4.5
4.1
2.0
3.4
2.0
38
-------
Table 11
Percent Change* in Adjusted Fuel Consumption by Vehicle Type and Size
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Car
Truck
Fleet
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Van
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
All
All
All
Size
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
All
All
All
1975 to
2011
Low
17%
35%
41%
19%
20%
57%
-
43%
-
46%
43%
46%
-
39%
21%
28%
26%
43%
35%
35%
-
11%
40%
40%
19%
33%
27%
1975 to
2011
Average
42%
57%
54%
49%
29%
43%
-
49%
46%
50%
49%
-
47%
27%
47%
19%
54%
54%
46%
18%
36%
31%
47%
38%
42%
1975 to
2011
High
34%
63%
49%
43%
32%
-7%
30%
-
43%
49%
43%
-
20%
17%
20%
7%
43%
54%
43%
-
27%
17%
15%
43%
29%
43%
1975 to
1988
Low
-15%
18%
16%
-12%
32%
52%
56%
51%
45%
15%
-
15%
-5%
28%
11%
18%
18%
20%
35%
23%
3%
-16%
23%
23%
-12%
23%
-1%
1975 to
1988
Average
39%
49%
45%
45%
27%
49%
47%
40%
47%
32%
38%
14%
39%
25%
38%
30%
38%
38%
37%
8%
16%
27%
35%
45%
35%
39%
1975
to
1988
High
49%
33%
44%
49%
27%
10%
33%
25%
50%
22%
22%
26%
20%
13%
26%
41%
25%
41%
40%
15%
30%
11%
19%
49%
25%
49%
1988
to
2011
Low
28%
21%
30%
28%
-17%
11%
-
-17%
-
36%
-
36%
-
16%
12%
12%
9%
29%
0%
16%
-
23%
23%
23%
28%
14%
28%
1988 to
2011
Average
5%
16%
16%
7%
3%
-11%
14%
-
20%
-
17%
-
13%
3%
14%
-16%
26%
25%
14%
-
2%
12%
-5%
5%
5%
4%
1988
to
2011
High
-28%
44%
8%
-11%
7%
-19%
-
7%
-
26%
-
26%
-
0%
5%
-7%
-58%
24%
23%
6%
-
-5%
6%
-5%
-11%
6%
-11%
*Note: A negative change indicates that fuel consumption has increased.
39
-------
Cars and light trucks with conventional drive trains have a fuel consumption and weight relationship which
is well known and is shown in Figure 11. Fuel consumption increases linearly with weight. Because vehicles with
different propulsion systems, i.e., diesels and hybrids, occupy a different place on such a fuel consumption and
weight plot, the data for hybrid and diesel vehicles are plotted separately and excluded from the trend lines shown
on the graphs. At constant weight, MY 2011 cars consume about 40% less fuel per mile than their MY 1975
counterparts.
On this same constant weight basis, this year's vehicles with diesel engines consume 20-30% less fuel than
the conventionally powered ones, while this year's hybrid vehicles are about 20-60% better. Similarly, at constant
weight this year's conventionally powered trucks achieve about 50% better fuel consumption than MY 1975
vehicles did.
Figure 11
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption vs. Vehicle Weight, MY 1975 and MY 2011
10
CO
CD
O
O
CO
CD
2011
D D
1975
• Conventional
A Diesel
D Hybrid
O O O
000
O O O
c\i co ^r
o
O
O
in
o
o
o
CO
o o
o o
o o
r- c\i
o
o
o
CO
o
o
o
o o o
ooo
o o o
in co r-
Weight (Ib)
40
-------
Figure 12 shows that the relationship between interior volume and fuel consumption is currently not as
important as in the past. The data points on both of these graphs exclude two seaters and represent production
weighted average fuel consumption calculated at increments of 1.0 cu. ft. As was done for Figure 11, the data
points for hybrid and diesel vehicles were plotted separately from those for the conventionally powered vehicles.
Figure 12
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption vs. Interior Volume, MY 1978 and MY 2011 Cars
12
10
8
6
4
(/)
(D 2
O 0
o
3 10
1978
• Conventional
A Diesel
n Hybrid
2011
60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Volume (cu ft)
41
-------
Figure 13 shows laboratory 55/45 fuel consumption versus footprint for MY 2011 cars and trucks,
respectively, again with the regression lines excluding the hybrid and diesel data points. Car fuel consumption is
more sensitive to footprint than truck fuel consumption. Most cars have footprint values below 50 square feet, and
at these footprint levels cars generally have lower fuel consumption than trucks. For the much smaller number of
cars that have footprint levels greater than 50 square feet (often high performance cars), these cars generally have
higher fuel consumption than trucks of the same footprint.
Figure 13
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption vs. Footprint, MY 2011 Vehicles
10
CO
CD
o
o
(0
CD
10
D m
Car
• Conventional
A Diesel
n Hybrid
Truck
40 50 60 70
Footprint (sq ft)
42
-------
Figure 14 shows the improvement that occurred between MY 1975 and 2011 for fuel consumption as a
function of O-to-60 acceleration time for cars and trucks.
Figure 14
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Consumption vs. O-to-60 Time, MY 1975 and MY 2011 Vehicles
co
-------
Figure 15 compares Ton-MPG data versus O-to-60 time and shows that at constant vehicle performance,
there has been substantial improvement in Ton-MPG.
Figure 15
Ton-MPG vs. O-to-60 Time, MY 1975 and MY 2011 Vehicles
2
100
80
60
40
20
100
80
60
40
20
1975
2011
1975
Car
o Conventional
A Diesel
n Hybrid
Truck
5 10 15 20
O-to-60 time (sec.)
25
44
-------
Figure 16 and Table 12 show some of the changes in the distribution of weight that have occurred over the
years for the light-duty fleet. In MY 1975, 13% of all light-duty vehicles had weights of less than 3000 Ib
compared to less than 4% in MY 2011. Since MY 1988, production share for vehicles with weights of 5000
pounds or more has increased from 3% to 21%.
Figure 16
Distribution of Light Vehicle Weight for Three Model Years
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
25%
I 20%
W 15%
I 10%
o
| 5%
°- 0%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
1975
.-.II
1988
Type
Truck
Car
2011
1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000
Vehicle Weight
Figure 17 provides data for the annual production share of different weight classes for cars and trucks. In
MY 1975, about one-half of the cars were in weight classes greater than 4000 pounds, compared to about one-tenth
this year. For MY 2011, three weight classes (3000, 3500, and 4000 Ibs) account for over 90% of all cars.
Conversely, the production share of trucks in the weight classes of 4500 Ib or more have increased substantially,
and these vehicles currently account for about 80% of all trucks, compared to about 40% in 1975. Figure 18
provides additional details of the truck data presented in Figure 17 for vans, SUVs, and pickups, respectively.
Appendices D, E, and F contain a series of tables describing light-duty vehicles at the vehicle size/type level of
stratification in more detail; Appendix G provides similar data by vehicle type and weight class.
45
-------
Table 12
Light Vehicle Production Share by Weight Class for Three Model Years
Weight
(Ib)
<3000
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
>5500
Avg Wt
MY 1975
13.4%
8.7%
10.6%
20.6%
21.3%
16.7%
8.7%
0.0%
4060
MY 1988
27.2%
25.4%
25.2%
13.2%
6.0%
2.4%
0.5%
0.0%
3283
MY 2011
4.0%
10.0%
28.2%
22.2%
14.6%
8.0%
7.3%
5.7%
4084
Figure 17
Production Share by Vehicle Weight Class
Car Truck
100%
>4000
0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
46
-------
03
.C
C/5
c
o
T3
O
Figure 18
Production Share by Truck Type and Weight Class
Van
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Truck SUV
Pickup
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
47
-------
VI. Fuel Economy Powertrain Technology Trends
Table 13 presents an overview of key engine technology trends for the MY 1975-2011 database.
Conventional gasoline vehicles continue to account for over 95% of all light-duty vehicles. While engine size has
been decreasing slightly in recent years, overall engine horsepower has continued to increase, with the notable
exception of MY 2009. Nearly all engines now have multiple valves (approximately 85%) and variable valve
timing (projected to approach 95% in MY 2011). One very important trend is the recent introduction of several
new engine technologies. For example, gasoline direct injection engine production share has increased from
essentially zero in MY 2007 to 8% in MY 2010, and is projected to be 14% in MY 2011. The use of cylinder
deactivation has increased to 6% of all engines in MY 2010 and is proj ected to grow to 11 % in MY 2011. The use
of boost technologies, turbocharging or supercharging, has been in the 2-4% range since MY 1998, but is projected
to increase to 7% in MY 2011. Appendix K contains additional data on fuel metering and number of valves per
cylinder.
Table 14 presents an overview of key transmission and drive technology trends for MY 1975-2011. The
data in this table suggest two important trends with respect to transmission design. One, the use of continuously
variable transmissions has increased significantly in recent years, growing from nearly zero in 2002 to over 10% of
the fleet. The second trend is an increase in the number of transmission gears. The average number of gears has
grown from 4 throughout the 1990s to over 5 in MY 2010, and is projected to be 5.6 in MY 2011. The use of 6-
gear transmissions has exploded from less than 5% in 2005 to nearly 40% in MY 2010 and is projected to exceed
50% in MY 2011. Figure 19 shows the same transmission data in graphical format. More data stratified by
transmission type can be found in Appendix I. With respect to drive technologies, the market seems to have
approximately stabilized, with about 60% front wheel drive, 15% rear wheel drive, and 25% four wheel drive.
The rest of this section examines the engine, transmission, and drive trends in Tables 13 and 14 in more
detail.
Table 15 disaggregates some of the engine and transmission technologies for MY 2011 by vehicle type and
size. As discussed earlier, wheelbase is used in this report to distinguish whether a truck is small, mid-size, or
large, and four EPA car classes (Two-Seater, Minicompact, Compact, and Subcompact) have been combined to
form the small car class. For this table, the car classes are separated into cars, station wagons, and non-truck SUVs,
so that the table stratifies light-duty vehicles into a total of 18 vehicle types and sizes. Note that this table does not
contain any data for large wagons, small non-truck SUVs, small vans, or small pickups, because none have been
produced for several years. Front wheel drive (FWD) is used heavily in all of the car, wagon, non-truck SUV, and
van classes, except midsize wagons. Conversely, four wheel drive (4WD) is used heavily in truck SUVs and large
pickups. Manual transmissions are used primarily in small vehicles, some sports cars, and midsize pickups.
Engines with more than two valves per cylinder and VVT are now prevalent for nearly all vehicle types and sizes.
Detailed tabulations of different technology types, including technology usage percentages for other model
years, can be found in the Appendices.
48
-------
Table 13
Engine Characteristics of MY 1975 to MY 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Powertrain
Gasoline
99.8%
99.7%
99.5%
99.1%
97.9%
95.6%
94.1%
95.3%
97.9%
98.3%
99.1%
99.7%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.8%
99.8%
99.7%
99.7%
99.4%
99.1%
98.9%
97.7%
97.8%
96.7%
96.7%
96.5%
93.9%
93.7%
Gasoline
Hybrid
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.5%
0.8%
1.9%
1.7%
3.2%
3.2%
2.9%
5.3%
5.5%
Diesel
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
0.9%
2.1%
4.4%
5.9%
4.7%
2.1%
1.7%
0.9%
0.3%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.6%
0.9%
0.8%
Fuel Injection
Carbureted GDI
94.7%
96.6%
95.3%
94.0%
93.2%
88.7%
85.3%
78.4%
69.7%
59.2%
46.1%
34.5%
26.6%
16.1%
9.6%
1.4%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.0%
4.3%
8.0%
13.9%
Metering Method
Port TBI
5.1%
3.2%
4.2%
5.0%
4.7%
6.2% 0.7%
6.1% 2.6%
7.2% 9.8%
9.4% 18.8%
14.9% 24.2%
21.2% 31.8%
36.5% 28.7%
42.4% 30.8%
53.6% 30.3%
62.1% 28.2%
77.3% 21.2%
77.2% 22.6%
88.9% 11.0%
91.5% 8.5%
94.8% 5.2%
98.6% 1.3%
98.9% 1.0%
99.2% 0.7%
99.7% 0.1%
99.8% 0.1%
99.7% 0.1%
99.8%
99.7%
99.7%
99.7%
99.6%
99.4%
99.7%
97.0%
95.1%
91.2%
85.3%
Diesel
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
0.9%
2.1%
4.4%
5.9%
4.7%
2.1%
1.7%
0.9%
0.3%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
-
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.6%
0.9%
0.8%
Avg.
Number
of
Cylinders
6.71
6.75
6.85
6.53
6.38
5.48
5.36
5.23
5.39
5.34
5.30
5.09
4.98
5.02
5.07
5.06
5.05
5.23
5.19
5.20
5.24
5.21
5.14
5.17
5.23
5.25
5.23
5.19
5.18
5.20
5.10
5.19
5.02
4.99
4.72
4.72
4.74
CID HP
288 136
287 134
279 133
252 124
238 119
188 100
182 99
175 99
182 104
179 106
177 111
167 111
162 113
161 116
163 121
163 129
164 133
171 141
170 140
169 144
169 153
169 155
167 157
168 160
170 165
170 169
170 171
171 176
170 179
173 186
170 185
175 195
169 192
168 195
158 187
159 191
159 198
HP/ Multi-
CID Valve
0.515
0.502
0.516
0.538
0.545
0.583
0.594
0.609
0.615
0.637
0.671
0.701 4.7%
0.732 14.5%
0.758 19.7%
0.781 24.1%
0.828 32.7%
0.847 33.2%
0.864 33.9%
0.859 34.7%
0.880 39.9%
0.939 50.9%
0.948 55.7%
0.965 57.7%
0.981 59.7%
0.997 62.8%
1.017 62.8%
1.030 64.0%
1.055 68.3%
1.077 72.9%
1.093 76.0%
1.106 77.9%
1.134 81.0%
1.150 84.4%
1.172 88.1%
1.189 92.3%
1.200 93.5%
1.248 94.6%
WT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.6%
2.4%
4.4%
4.5%
7.7%
9.5%
11.0%
10.6%
17.1%
16.1%
21.8%
26.6%
32.9%
40.6%
44.0%
50.4%
59.0%
63.8%
63.2%
78.8%
91.0%
95.3%
Boosted
(Turbocharged
or
CD Supercharged)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.3%
0.7%
2.5%
3.6%
2.8%
3.7%
4.1%
2.4%
4.6%
0.9% 3.6%
2.5% 3.9%
1.4% 4.0%
1.9% 4.6%
2.2% 4.5%
2.6% 4.4%
2.9% 8.5%
49
-------
Table 13 (continued)
Engine Characteristics of MY 1975 to MY 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Powertrain
Gasoline
Gasoline Hybrid
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.2%
98.2%
96.5%
94.4%
90.6%
95.2%
97.6%
98.9%
99.3%
99.7%
99.8%
99.8%
99.8%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0% 0.0%
99.8% 0.1%
98.6% 1.2%
99.3% 0.6%
98.5% 1.3%
98.7% 1.0%
98.6% 1.0%
98.2% 1.4%
Diesel
-
-
0.8%
1.8%
3.5%
5.6%
9.4%
4.8%
2.4%
1.1%
0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
-
-
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
-
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.3%
Fuel Injection
Carbureted GDI
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.1%
97.9%
94.9%
93.2%
89.9%
94.6%
95.0%
86.4%
59.3%
33.5%
12.4%
6.5%
3.9%
1.7%
1.6%
1.0%
0.4%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.1%
4.1%
8.8%
13.3%
Metering Method
Port TBI Diesel
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1% 0.8%
0.3% 1.8%
1.7% 3.5%
1.1% 5.6%
0.7% 9.4%
0.6% 4.8%
2.0% 0.6% 2.4%
9.0% 3.5% 1.1%
22.2% 17.8% 0.7%
33.4% 32.9% 0.3%
43.2% 44.2% 0.2%
46.0% 47.3% 0.2%
55.1% 40.9% 0.2%
55.3% 42.9% 0.1%
65.6% 32.7% 0.1%
71.4% 27.6%
76.2% 23.4%
79.0% 21.0%
99.9% - 0.1%
100.0% - 0.0%
100.0% - 0.0%
100.0% - 0.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0% - 0.0%
99.9% - 0.1%
99.9% - 0.1%
99.9% - 0.1%
98.6% - 0.2%
95.6% - 0.3%
90.8% - 0.4%
86.4% - 0.3%
Avg.
Number
of
Cylinders
7.28
7.31
7.27
7.24
7.05
6.15
6.15
6.26
6.06
5.99
5.96
5.70
5.68
6.00
6.04
6.17
5.95
6.09
6.13
6.19
6.23
6.25
6.47
6.30
6.49
6.47
6.61
6.60
6.59
6.75
6.61
6.54
6.62
6.47
6.29
6.25
6.40
HP/ Multi-
CID HP CID Valve
311 142 0.477
320 141 0.458
318 147 0.483
315 146 0.481
299 138 0.485
248 121 0.528
247 118 0.508
244 120 0.524
232 118 0.542
225 118 0.557
224 124 0.585
212 123 0.620
210 131 0.652
228 141 0.649
234 146 0.653
237 151 0.667
229 150 0.681
236 155 0.682
235 160 0.704
241 166 0.713 5.2%
246 168 0.712 8.1%
245 180 0.754 10.5%
251 189 0.770 10.5%
244 188 0.791 13.6%
252 199 0.811 15.2%
245 199 0.830 18.1%
250 212 0.870 25.4%
250 223 0.907 31.8%
249 224 0.915 32.7%
259 241 0.944 45.4%
252 242 0.974 49.3%
248 240 0.982 57.6%
255 256 1.018 51.8%
248 256 1.041 57.7%
239 254 1.081 64.5%
238 254 1.087 71.0%
245 279 1.165 68.4%
Boosted
(Turbocharged
or
WT CD Supercharged)
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.8%
8.5%
14.4%
17.4% - 0.5%
31.8% - 0.8%
39.6% 0.6% 0.6%
50.0% 5.3% 0.8%
47.2% 16.6% 1.1%
50.2% 14.3% 1.3%
55.0% 18.7% 1.5%
71.0% 13.4% 1.9%
91.2% 24.6% 5.6%
50
-------
Table 13 (continued)
Engine Characteristics of MY 1975 to MY 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Powertrain
Gasoline
Gasoline Hybrid
99.8%
99.8%
99.6%
99.1%
98.0%
95.7%
94.1%
94.4%
97.3%
98.2%
99.1%
99.6%
99.7%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
99.8%
99.8%
99.6%
99.5%
99.4%
98.6%
98.1%
97.7%
97.4%
97.2%
95.6%
95.4%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
1.1%
1.5%
2.2%
2.5%
2.3%
3.8%
4.0%
Diesel
0.2%
0.2%
0.4%
0.9%
2.0%
4.3%
5.9%
5.6%
2.7%
1.8%
0.9%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
-
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
0.6%
Fuel Injection Metering Method
Carbureted GDI Port TBI Diesel
95.7%
97.3%
96.2%
95.2%
94.2%
89.7%
86.7%
80.6%
75.2%
67.6%
56.1%
41.4%
28.4%
15.0%
8.7%
2.1%
0.6%
0.5%
0.3%
0.1%
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.1%
2.5%
3.4%
3.9%
3.7%
5.2%
5.1%
5.8%
7.3%
11.9%
18.2%
32.5%
39.9%
50.6%
57.3%
70.8%
70.6%
81.6%
85.0%
87.7%
91.6%
99.3%
99.5%
99.8%
99.9%
99.8%
99.9%
99.8%
99.8%
99.9%
99.7%
99.6%
99.8%
2.3% 97.6%
4.2% 95.3%
8.3% 91.0%
13.7% 85.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.8%
2.4%
8.0%
14.8%
18.7%
24.8%
25.7%
31.4%
34.3%
33.9%
27.0%
28.7%
17.8%
14.6%
12.1%
8.4%
0.7%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
-
-
-
-
-
0.2%
0.2%
0.4%
0.9%
2.0%
4.3%
5.9%
5.6%
2.7%
1.8%
0.9%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
0.6%
Avg.
Number
of
Cylinders
6.82
6.87
6.94
6.69
6.53
5.59
5.50
5.43
5.54
5.49
5.46
5.26
5.17
5.31
5.36
5.39
5.32
5.50
5.50
5.58
5.59
5.59
5.65
5.63
5.75
5.74
5.76
5.77
5.79
5.90
5.75
5.73
5.64
5.56
5.21
5.27
5.36
HP/
CID HP CID
293 137 0.507
294 135 0.493
287 136 0.510
266 129 0.525
252 124 0.532
198 104 0.574
193 102 0.580
188 103 0.593
193 107 0.599
190 109 0.618
189 114 0.650
180 114 0.678
175 118 0.710
180 123 0.726
185 129 0.743
185 135 0.781
184 138 0.796
191 145 0.807
191 147 0.809
197 152 0.816
196 158 0.857
197 164 0.878
199 169 0.890
199 171 0.904
203 179 0.921
200 181 0.942
201 187 0.968
203 195 0.994
204 199 1.007
212 211 1.026
205 209 1.049
204 213 1.073
203 217 1.099
199 219 1.122
183 208 1.156
188 214 1.160
191 228 1.216
Multi-
Valve WT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.4%
10.6%
14.0%
16.9%
23.1%
23.1%
23.3%
23.5%
26.7%
35.6%
39.3%
39.6%
40.9%
43.4%
44.8% 15.0%
49.0% 19.6%
53.3% 25.3%
55.5% 30.6%
62.3% 38.5%
65.6% 45.8%
71.7% 55.4%
71.7% 57.3%
76.4% 58.2%
83.8% 71.5%
85.5% 83.8%
84.7% 93.8%
Boosted
(Turbocharged
or
CD Supercharged)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.3%
0.5%
2.0%
2.1%
1.7%
2.3%
2.6%
1.6%
2.9%
0.8% 2.3%
3.6% 2.6%
7.3% 2.9%
6.7% 3.3%
7.3% 3.6%
6.4% 3.5%
11.1% 7.4%
51
-------
Table 14
Transmission and Drive Characteristics of MY 1975 to MY 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manual
19.7%
17.2%
16.9%
19.9%
21.1%
30.9%
29.8%
29.2%
26.0%
24.1%
22.7%
24.7%
24.8%
24.2%
21.0%
19.7%
20.6%
17.6%
17.5%
16.9%
16.3%
14.7%
13.6%
12.0%
10.6%
10.7%
10.5%
10.3%
10.4%
9.3%
8.6%
8.6%
7.6%
7.0%
6.0%
4.9%
7.2%
Automatic
with
Lockup
0.3%
-
-
7.1%
8.8%
16.9%
33.4%
51.3%
56.7%
58.3%
58.8%
58.1%
59.7%
66.2%
69.3%
72.8%
73.6%
76.4%
77.6%
78.9%
81.9%
83.8%
85.5%
87.6%
88.8%
88.3%
88.5%
89.1%
88.2%
88.8%
88.6%
88.6%
82.6%
81.7%
82.5%
79.5%
75.7%
Automatic
without
Lockup
80.0%
82.8%
83.1%
73.0%
69.7%
51.6%
36.2%
19.1%
16.9%
17.6%
18.5%
17.2%
15.5%
9.6%
9.5%
7.4%
5.8%
6.0%
4.9%
4.1%
1.8%
1.5%
0.8%
0.3%
0.6%
1.0%
0.8%
0.2%
-
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.3%
1.7%
3.2%
CVT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
-
-
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
1.4%
1.7%
2.7%
2.8%
9.9%
11.1%
11.1%
13.9%
13.8%
4 Gears
or
Fewer
98.7%
100.0%
100.0%
90.8%
93.1%
87.6%
85.5%
84.6%
80.8%
82.2%
81.4%
79.7%
78.4%
80.3%
81.9%
82.4%
81.0%
83.6%
83.2%
83.4%
83.4%
85.1%
83.5%
82.6%
83.7%
81.5%
78.7%
76.0%
67.1%
64.4%
57.1%
47.0%
36.8%
39.2%
34.4%
29.2%
14.1%
7 Gears
5 6 or
Gears Gears More
1.3%
_
_
9.2%
6.9%
12.4%
14.5%
15.4%
19.2%
17.8%
18.6%
20.3%
21.6%
19.7%
17.9% 0.0%
17.5% 0.1%
18.9% 0.1%
16.3% 0.1%
16.6% 0.2%
16.3% 0.3%
16.2% 0.4%
14.5% 0.3%
16.2% 0.3%
17.1% 0.3%
15.8% 0.5%
17.6% 0.8%
19.9% 1.1%
21.8% 1.8%
28.5% 3.0%
28.8% 4.7% 0.4%
34.1% 5.6% 0.4%
36.4% 12.0% 1.8%
35.1% 16.0% 2.2%
28.7% 18.5% 2.5%
31.2% 20.3% 3.0%
21.2% 32.5% 3.3%
18.2% 48.5% 5.3%
CVT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
-
-
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
1.4%
1.7%
2.7%
2.8%
9.9%
11.1%
11.1%
13.9%
13.8%
Average
Number
of
Gears
-
-
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.4
4.4
4.5
4.7
4.8
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.5
Front
Wheel
Drive
6.5%
5.8%
6.8%
9.6%
11.9%
29.7%
37.0%
45.5%
47.1%
53.4%
61.0%
70.7%
76.3%
80.8%
81.5%
83.9%
81.0%
78.4%
80.5%
81.3%
79.3%
81.7%
81.4%
81.5%
81.8%
79.1%
79.1%
78.5%
78.0%
77.1%
78.1%
74.8%
79.8%
78.2%
83.8%
83.3%
81.6%
Rear
Wheel
Drive
93.5%
94.2%
93.2%
90.4%
87.8%
69.4%
62.3%
53.7%
49.9%
45.6%
36.9%
28.3%
22.6%
18.4%
17.5%
15.1%
17.6%
20.6%
18.4%
18.3%
19.5%
16.9%
17.0%
16.4%
16.1%
19.0%
18.1%
18.1%
18.9%
18.1%
16.8%
20.1%
15.2%
15.5%
10.3%
11.6%
12.4%
Four
Wheel
Drive
-
-
0.3%
0.9%
0.7%
0.8%
3.1%
1.0%
2.1%
1.0%
1.1%
0.8%
1.0%
1.0%
1.3%
1.1%
1.1%
0.4%
1.1%
1.4%
1.6%
2.1%
2.1%
1.9%
2.9%
3.4%
3.1%
4.7%
5.1%
5.1%
5.0%
6.3%
5.9%
5.0%
6.0%
52
-------
Table 14 (continued)
Transmission and Drive Characteristics of MY 1975 to MY 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manual
37.1%
34.8%
31.8%
32.2%
35.2%
53.1%
51.7%
46.1%
46.3%
42.6%
37.8%
43.1%
40.6%
35.8%
32.9%
28.1%
31.6%
27.5%
24.7%
23.7%
20.6%
16.0%
14.5%
13.9%
9.4%
8.4%
6.6%
5.1%
4.8%
3.7%
2.9%
3.4%
2.6%
2.2%
2.0%
1.8%
1.7%
Automatic
with
Lockup
-
-
-
-
2.1%
24.4%
31.0%
33.3%
36.1%
34.7%
41.3%
41.5%
43.8%
52.5%
56.4%
67.6%
66.8%
71.3%
74.2%
75.3%
78.5%
83.0%
85.4%
85.5%
90.2%
91.3%
93.0%
94.6%
94.2%
95.4%
95.2%
93.8%
94.3%
94.9%
92.4%
92.5%
89.9%
Automatic
without
Lockup CVT
62.9%
65.2%
68.2%
67.8%
62.7%
22.5%
17.3%
20.6%
17.3%
22.8%
20.8%
15.4%
15.6%
11.7%
10.7%
4.3%
1.6%
1.2%
1.1%
1.0%
0.9%
1.0%
0.1%
0.6%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.3% 0.0%
0.3% 0.7%
0.3% 0.6%
1.8%
2.9%
3.1%
2.8%
5.6%
0.2% 5.5%
2.5% 5.8%
4 Gears
or
Fewer
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.3%
96.0%
89.2%
86.0%
83.7%
81.6%
78.5%
78.5%
69.0%
70.1%
68.3%
70.3%
74.1%
69.0%
74.6%
75.9%
76.7%
79.6%
84.0%
80.8%
81.4%
85.5%
87.0%
83.9%
78.6%
71.9%
63.1%
54.4%
48.9%
46.3%
38.1%
24.2%
16.5%
12.2%
7
Gears
5 6 or
Gears Gears More CVT
_
0.7%
4.0%
10.8%
14.0%
16.3%
18.4%
21.5%
21.5%
31.0%
29.9%
31.7%
29.7%
25.9%
31.0%
25.4%
24.1%
23.3%
20.4%
16.0%
19.2%
18.6%
14.5%
13.0%
16.1%
21.3% - - 0.0%
27.4% - - 0.7%
35.4% 0.8% - 0.6%
41.6% 2.2% - 1.8%
43.4% 4.0% 0.8% 2.9%
37.6% 12.0% 1.1% 3.1%
37.0% 20.7% 1.3% 2.8%
34.4% 34.1% 1.7% 5.6%
27.7% 48.3% 2.0% 5.5%
19.0% 58.7% 4.3% 5.8%
Average
Number
of
Gears
-
-
3.3
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.9
3.9
3.8
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.1
5.4
5.6
Front
Wheel
Drive
-
-
-
1.4%
1.9%
1.7%
1.4%
5.0%
7.3%
6.0%
7.6%
9.2%
10.2%
15.8%
10.3%
14.5%
16.8%
13.8%
18.7%
21.8%
14.7%
19.8%
17.9%
20.4%
14.1%
15.8%
15.1%
11.7%
19.4%
17.5%
14.2%
15.9%
16.0%
16.6%
14.7%
Rear
Wheel
Drive
82.7%
76.8%
76.0%
70.7%
81.9%
73.5%
78.0%
78.1%
72.5%
63.5%
61.2%
63.3%
60.1%
56.6%
56.9%
52.3%
52.2%
52.0%
50.4%
47.0%
38.2%
37.3%
37.7%
33.9%
32.8%
32.3%
33.9%
28.2%
31.3%
27.7%
24.8%
25.5%
26.4%
23.2%
20.9%
17.6%
24.1%
Four
Wheel
Drive
17.3%
23.2%
24.0%
29.3%
18.1%
25.1%
20.1%
20.2%
26.2%
31.6%
31.5%
30.8%
32.3%
34.2%
32.9%
31.9%
37.4%
33.5%
32.8%
39.2%
43.0%
40.9%
47.6%
46.2%
49.2%
47.3%
52.0%
56.0%
53.7%
60.6%
55.8%
57.0%
59.4%
60.9%
63.2%
65.8%
61.3%
53
-------
Table 14 (continued)
Transmission and Drive Characteristics of MY 1975 to MY 2011 Light Duty Vehicles
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manual
23.0%
20.9%
19.8%
22.7%
24.2%
34.6%
33.6%
32.4%
30.5%
28.4%
26.5%
29.8%
29.1%
27.6%
24.6%
22.2%
23.9%
20.7%
19.8%
19.5%
17.9%
15.2%
14.0%
12.8%
10.1%
9.7%
9.0%
8.2%
8.0%
6.8%
6.2%
6.5%
5.6%
5.2%
4.8%
3.8%
5.1%
Automatic
with
Lockup
0.2%
-
-
5.5%
7.3%
18.1%
33.0%
47.8%
52.1%
52.8%
54.5%
53.5%
55.4%
62.2%
65.5%
71.2%
71.6%
74.8%
76.5%
77.6%
80.7%
83.5%
85.5%
86.7%
89.4%
89.5%
90.2%
91.3%
90.8%
91.8%
91.4%
90.6%
87.1%
86.8%
85.5%
84.1%
81.1%
Automatic
without
Lockup
76.8%
79.1%
80.2%
71.9%
68.1%
46.8%
32.9%
19.4%
17.0%
18.8%
19.1%
16.7%
15.5%
10.2%
9.9%
6.5%
4.5%
4.5%
3.7%
3.0%
1.4%
1.3%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.7%
0.6%
0.3%
0.1%
0.3%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%
1.2%
3.0%
CVT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
-
-
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
1.1%
1.2%
2.3%
2.8%
7.2%
7.9%
9.4%
10.9%
10.8%
4 Gears
or
Fewer
99.0%
100.0%
100.0%
92.7%
93.8%
87.9%
85.6%
84.4%
80.9%
81.3%
80.7%
76.8%
76.2%
76.8%
78.5%
79.9%
77.3%
80.8%
80.9%
80.8%
82.0%
84.7%
82.4%
82.1%
84.4%
83.8%
80.7%
77.1%
69.2%
63.9%
56.0%
47.7%
40.5%
38.8%
31.3%
24.6%
13.4%
7
Gears
5 6 or
Gears Gears More
1.0%
_
_
7.3%
6.2%
12.1%
14.4%
15.6%
19.1%
18.7%
19.3%
23.2%
23.8%
23.2%
21.4% 0.0%
20.0% 0.1%
22.6% 0.0%
19.2% 0.1%
19.0% 0.1%
19.0% 0.2%
17.7% 0.2%
15.1% 0.2%
17.3% 0.2%
17.7% 0.2%
15.3% 0.3%
15.8% 0.5%
18.5% 0.7%
21.6% 1.1%
28.1% 1.7%
31.8% 3.0% 0.2%
37.3% 4.1% 0.2%
39.2% 8.8% 1.4%
36.1% 14.4% 1.8%
31.9% 19.4% 2.0%
32.2% 24.5% 2.6%
23.5% 38.1% 2.8%
18.5% 52.4% 4.9%
CVT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
-
-
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
1.1%
1.2%
2.3%
2.8%
7.2%
7.9%
9.4%
10.9%
10.8%
Average
Number
of
Gears
-
-
3.3
3.5
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.8
3.8
3.9
3.9
3.9
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.8
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.6
Front
Wheel
Drive
5.3%
4.6%
5.5%
7.4%
9.2%
25.0%
31.0%
37.0%
37.0%
42.1%
47.8%
52.6%
57.7%
60.0%
60.2%
63.8%
59.6%
58.4%
59.9%
55.6%
57.6%
60.0%
55.8%
56.4%
55.8%
55.5%
53.8%
52.7%
50.7%
47.7%
53.0%
51.9%
54.3%
54.2%
62.9%
59.5%
56.4%
Rear
Wheel
Drive
91.4%
90.6%
89.8%
86.0%
86.5%
70.1%
65.0%
58.4%
54.8%
49.8%
42.9%
38.0%
32.8%
29.5%
29.3%
26.1%
28.1%
30.4%
28.8%
29.2%
26.3%
24.3%
24.9%
23.5%
22.9%
24.3%
24.2%
22.3%
24.3%
22.4%
20.2%
22.3%
19.6%
18.5%
13.6%
13.7%
16.8%
Four
Wheel
Drive
3.3%
4.8%
4.7%
6.6%
4.3%
4.9%
4.0%
4.6%
8.1%
8.2%
9.3%
9.3%
9.6%
10.5%
10.5%
10.1%
12.3%
11.2%
11.3%
15.2%
16.2%
15.7%
19.3%
20.1%
21.3%
20.2%
21.9%
25.0%
25.0%
29.8%
26.8%
25.8%
26.1%
27.3%
23.5%
26.7%
26.8%
54
-------
Table 15
MY 2011 Technology Usage by Vehicle Type and Size
(Percent of Vehicle Type/Size Strata)
Vehicle
Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Non-Truck SUV
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Vehicle
Size
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
All
Midsize
Large
All
Midsize
Large
All
Small
Midsize
Large
All
Midsize
Large
All
Front
Wheel
Drive
69%
87%
81%
79%
86%
10%
85%
93%
93%
93%
94%
91%
-
0%
15%
8%
-
-
Four
Wheel
Drive
8%
7%
4%
7%
13%
90%
13%
-
-
-
5%
9%
5%
100%
100%
69%
84%
11%
50%
48%
Manual
Trans
19%
2%
1%
8%
13%
-
13%
2%
-
1%
-
23%
2%
0%
2%
27%
1%
2%
Multi-
Valve
93%
100%
79%
93%
100%
100%
100%
98%
100%
99%
99%
-
96%
-
95%
77%
82%
100%
39%
41%
WT
91%
100%
92%
95%
92%
100%
92%
98%
100%
98%
94%
42%
92%
-
95%
99%
93%
46%
90%
88%
Figure 20 shows trends in drive use for the six vehicle classes. Cars and wagons used to be nearly all rear
wheel drive, but are now nearly all front wheel drive and four wheel drive. The trend towards increased use of
front wheel drive for vans is very similar to that for cars, except it started a few years later. Almost all non-truck
SUVs are front wheel drive, while almost all truck SUVs are four wheel drive. Consistent with load-carrying
capabilities, nearly all pickup trucks use either rear or four wheel drive, and four wheel drive is approaching 50% of
pickup production.
55
-------
Figure 19
Transmission Production Share by Model Year
Car Van
03
T3
O
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
Truck SUV
0%
Pickup
L6
Transmission
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
CVT
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
L8
M3
M4
M5
M6
M7
OT
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
56
-------
Figure 20
Front, Rear, and Four Wheel Drive Usage - Production Share by Vehicle Type
Car Wagon
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Non-Truck SUV
Van
o
'•5
T3
O
100%
<5 80%
Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Truck SUV Pickup
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
57
-------
Table 16 and Figure 21 show production share stratified by number of engine cylinders. Engines with 8, 6,
and 4 cylinders have accounted for 97 to 99% of all engines produced since MY 1975. The 8-cylinder engine was
dominant in the mid and late 1970s, accounting for over half of production. Subsequently, while production share
stratified by number of engine cylinders varied over time, there were two years with notable production shifts. The
first major shift was in MY 1980, when 8-cylinder engine production share dropped from 54% to 26%, and 4-
cylinder production share increased from 26% to 45%. The 4-cylinder engine continued to lead the market until
overtaken by 6-cylinder engines in MY 1992. The second major shift was in MY 2009, when 4-cylinder engines
once again became the production leader with 51% (an increase of 13% in a single year), followed by 6-cylinder
engines with 35%, and 8-cyinder engines at an all-time low of 12%. This shift in MY 2009 reversed very slightly
in MY 2010 and is proj ected to continue in MY 2011. Figure 22 breaks out the data for engine cylinders by vehicle
type. It can be seen that 4-cylinder engines account for nearly 70% of cars and about 25% of truck SUVs, but are
used only rarely in pickups and vans. Vans are almost exclusively powered by 6-cylinder engines, and pickups use
mostly 8-cylinder engines. Over one-half of all truck SUVs use 6-cylinder engines.
Figure 21
Production Share by Number of Cylinders
100%
80%
ro
.c
OD
o
"§
60%
40%
20%
0%
Cylinders
Other
8
6
4
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
58
-------
Table 16
Production Share by Number of Cylinders
Model Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
4 Cylinder
19.8%
18.2%
18.4%
22.6%
26.2%
45.1%
47.3%
49.0%
47.6%
48.7%
49.2%
53.8%
55.3%
49.6%
47.0%
45.1%
45.7%
38.4%
37.6%
36.4%
36.7%
36.2%
37.4%
35.9%
32.4%
31.7%
32.0%
31.1%
31.8%
28.0%
31.7%
31.5%
36.5%
37.7%
51.1%
50.0%
47.0%
6 Cylinder
17.7%
19.3%
16.0%
20.0%
19.5%
28.3%
28.7%
28.0%
25.3%
26.1%
25.7%
26.5%
28.1%
33.0%
36.4%
39.2%
39.9%
45.6%
47.7%
46.0%
46.0%
46.9%
42.1%
45.4%
47.2%
48.9%
47.1%
48.8%
46.6%
46.1%
46.2%
47.0%
42.1%
43.4%
34.7%
35.0%
36.1%
8 Cylinder
61.9%
62.2%
65.4%
57.1%
53.6%
25.6%
23.1%
21.9%
25.9%
24.1%
23.7%
18.4%
15.4%
16.3%
15.8%
15.0%
13.2%
14.8%
13.6%
16.5%
16.7%
16.1%
20.1%
17.9%
19.9%
19.0%
20.4%
19.6%
21.3%
23.9%
20.0%
18.9%
19.3%
16.8%
12.3%
13.8%
15.7%
Other
0.6%
0.4%
0.2%
0.3%
0.7%
1.1%
0.9%
1.1%
1.2%
1.1%
1.4%
1.4%
1.2%
1.1%
0.8%
0.7%
1.1%
1.2%
1.2%
1.2%
0.6%
0.9%
0.5%
0.8%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.5%
0.3%
2.0%
2.1%
2.6%
2.1%
2.1%
1.8%
1.2%
1.2%
59
-------
03
o
T3
O
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Figure 22
Production Share by Cylinder Count and Vehicle Type
Car
Van
Truck SUV
Cylinders
Other
8
6
4
Pickup
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
60
-------
Table 17 and Figure 23 compare engine horsepower (HP), engine displacement (CID), and specific power
or horsepower per cubic inch (HP/CID) for cars, vans, truck SUVs, and pickups. For all four vehicle types,
significant CID reductions occurred in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Engine displacement has been flat for cars
and vans since the mid-1980s and has declined for truck SUVs since the mid-1990s, but has been increasing for two
decades for pickups. Average horsepower has increased substantially for all of these vehicle types since MY 1981
(with a small decrease in MY 2009) with the highest increase occurring for pickups whose horsepower is now over
2.5 times what it was then (i.e., 307 versus 115). Light-duty vehicle engines, thus, have also improved in specific
power with the highest specific power being for engines used in passenger cars and truck SUVs. The use of
cylinder deactivation has been popular in pickup trucks, now used in over one-third of the pickup fleet.
Table 17
MY 2011 Engine Characteristics by Vehicle Type
Multi- Cylinder
Vehicle Type HP CID HP/CID Valve WT Deactivation
Car 198 159 1.25 95% 95% 3%
Van 262 215 1.23 96% 92% 17%
Truck SUV 261 219 1.22 82% 93% 17%
Pickup 307 289 1.08 41% 88% 38%
All 228 191 1.22 85% 94% 11%
61
-------
Car
Figure 23
Horsepower, CID, and Horsepower per CID
Van Truck SUV Pickup
300
250
200
150
100
300
250
200
150
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
04
.."•"«•"
-.
'...-""'
\
\
* •.....•••••••••"•*•*" ..
/
>>.«*
.•*"
..*
..•
..."
'
...
..". .-•••"
•
*••••• "* •
....""*
•
ftr
• *"M .•"
• • •
.
.:"
*•
,-.. x'
•«..."•"
\ ..-."•'"''
". . ." •
** "•" •• *• 1 1 •" ,
II II
•
..."•'•
..•«'
..*•«
..
••••••«•«
T*
•
M
/•••*
••**
•.••••'•
••*
••*
„•"
.*
•*
*•
HP
CID
HP/CID
_____ _._._._._. _____ _._._._._.
CDCDCDCDCDOOO CDCDCDCDCDOOO CDCDCDCDCDOOO CDCDCDCDCDOOO
^JCDCDCDCDOO-i- ^JCDCDCDCDOO-i- ^JCDCDCDCDOO-i- ^JCDCDCDCDOO-i-
(JiOCJiOCJiOCJiO CJiOCJiOCJiOCJiO CJiOCJiOCJiOCJiO CJiOCJiOCJiOCJiO
Model Year
Table 18 compares HP, CID, and HP/CID by vehicle type and number of cylinders for model years 1988
and 2011. Table 18 shows that the increase in horsepower shown for the fleet in Table 13 extends to all vehicle
type and cylinder number strata. These increases in horsepower range from 50 to 130%. Because displacement has
remained relatively constant, it can be seen that the primary reason for the horsepower increase is increased specific
power - up between 47 and 124% from MY 1988 to 2011.
At the number-of-cylinders level of stratification, model year 2011 cars and truck SUVs generally achieve
higher specific power than vans or pickups. One reason for the lower specific power of some truck engines is that
these vehicles may be used to carry heavy loads or pull trailers and thus need more "torque rise," (i.e., an increase
in torque as engine speed falls from the peak power point) to achieve acceptable drivability. Engines equipped with
four valves per cylinder typically have inherently lower torque rise than two valve engines with lower specific
power.
62
-------
Table 18
Changes in Horsepower and Specific Power by Vehicle Type and Number of Cylinders
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Van
Van
Van
SUV
SUV
SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Cylinders
4
6
8
4
6
8
4
6
8
4
6
8
HP
1988
95
142
164
98
149
168
94
148
184
97
142
180
HP
2011
158
266
378
147
269
269
178
270
349
156
274
333
Percent
Change
66%
87%
130%
50%
81%
60%
89%
82%
90%
61%
93%
85%
CID
1988
118
194
301
145
213
322
121
214
338
142
229
329
CID
2011
129
208
312
128
216
311
148
213
332
154
231
321
Percent
Change
9%
7%
4%
-11%
2%
-4%
22%
0%
-2%
9%
1%
-2%
HP/
CID 1988
0.805
0.743
0.543
0.678
0.722
0.520
0.775
0.703
0.544
0.685
0.644
0.544
HP/
CID 2011
1.233
1.287
1.216
1.147
1.245
0.866
1.210
1.270
1.056
1.007
1.205
1.036
Percent
Change
53%
73%
124%
69%
72%
67%
56%
81%
94%
47%
87%
90%
Table 19 shows similar data to those in Table 18, but the stratification is based on vehicle weight. This
table clearly shows that, for nearly every case for which a comparison can be made between 1988 and 2011, there
were increases in HP, decreases in CID, and substantial increases in specific power ranging from 45 to 181%.
63
-------
Table 19
Changes in Horsepower and Specific Power by Vehicle Type and Weight
Cars
Weight
(Ib)
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
HP
1988
59
73
79
97
114
150
160
145
207
205
205
HP
2011
70
95
105
115
138
179
249
298
387
504
373
Percent
Change
19%
30%
33%
19%
21%
19%
56%
106%
87%
146%
82%
CID
1988
77
90
100
123
145
212
289
306
408
412
412
CID
2011
61
81
91
97
112
145
198
232
272
378
308
Percent
Change
-21%
-10%
-9%
-21%
-23%
-32%
-31%
-24%
-33%
-8%
-25%
HP/CID
1988
0.770
0.808
0.785
0.804
0.797
0.731
0.569
0.473
0.509
0.498
0.498
HP/CID
2011
1.148
1.170
1.149
1.183
1.243
1.238
1.264
1.302
1.430
1.334
1.183
Percent
Change
49%
45%
46%
47%
56%
69%
122%
175%
181%
168%
138%
Vans
Weight
(Ib)
3500
4500
5000
5500
6000
HP
1988
123
169
156
195
126
HP
2011
140
269
249
262
279
Percent
Change
14%
59%
60%
34%
121%
CID
1988
166
321
312
347
379
CID
2011
122
215
236
306
326
Percent
Change
-27%
-33%
-24%
-12%
-14%
HP/CID
1988
0.736
0.528
0.500
0.562
0.332
HP/CID
2011
1.148
1.249
1.082
0.851
0.858
Percent
Change
56%
137%
116%
51%
158%
Truck SUVs
Weight
(Ib)
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
HP
1988
149
135
148
181
200
162
HP
2011
173
198
254
292
344
339
Percent
Change
16%
47%
72%
61%
72%
109%
CID
1988
213
190
309
330
350
368
CID
2011
149
166
211
219
276
329
Percent
Change
-30%
-13%
-32%
-34%
-21%
-11%
HP/CID
1988
0.709
0.723
0.505
0.545
0.572
0.445
HP/CID
2011
1.161
1.203
1.222
1.335
1.281
1.033
Percent
Change
64%
66%
142%
145%
124%
132%
Pickups
Weight
(Ib)
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
HP
1988
130
154
174
193
178
140
HP
2011
155
211
240
287
330
356
Percent
Change
19%
37%
38%
49%
85%
154%
CID
1988
184
282
322
342
363
379
CID
2011
153
221
242
288
315
286
Percent
Change
-17%
-22%
-25%
-16%
-13%
-25%
HP/CID
1988
0.719
0.555
0.539
0.565
0.495
0.369
HP/CID
2011
1.014
0.960
0.994
1.002
1.056
1.286
Percent
Change
41%
73%
84%
77%
113%
249%
64
-------
Figure 24 shows that increases in HP per CID apply to all of the engines, except for a few cases of engines
with three valves. Engines with more valves per cylinder deliver higher values of HP per CID. Engines with only
two valves per cylinder deliver approximately twice as much horsepower per CID than they used to. The increases
in HP and HP/CID are due to changes in engine technologies.
Figure 24
HP/CID by Number of Valves per Cylinder
Q
o
o
Q.
CD
£
O
I
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
Car
Van
Truck SUV
Pickup
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
65
-------
Figure 25 shows that usage of multi-valve engines continues to increase and, as shown in Table 17 for MY
2011, is now 80-90% for cars, vans and SUVs, and about 40% for pickups.
Figure 25
Production Share by Valves per Cylinder
Car
Van
.
03
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
o%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Truck SUV
Pickup
Valves
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
66
-------
Figure 26 and Table 20 show how the car and truck fleet have evolved from one that consisted almost
entirely of carbureted engines in the 1970s and early 1980s, to one which is now almost entirely port fuel injected
with variable valve timing.
Figure 26
Production Share by Engine Type
Car Truck
03
.C
C/)
c
O
'•G
T3
O
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20101975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Model Year
Table 20
Production Share of MY 1988 and MY 2011 Light Vehicles
by Engine Type and Valve Timing
Engine Type
Carb
TBI
Port Fixed
Port Variable
GDI Variable
Diesel
Hybrid
Cars
1988
16%
30%
54%
-
0%
Cars
2011
-
-
4%
76%
14%
1%
5%
Vans
1988
0%
43%
57%
-
-
0%
Vans
2011
-
-
8%
92%
-
-
SUVs
1988
18%
34%
48%
-
-
0%
SUVs
2011
-
-
6%
70%
21%
1%
3%
Pickups
1988
16%
48%
35%
-
-
0%
Pickups
2011
-
-
12%
81%
7%
-
0%
All
1988
15%
34%
51%
-
-
0%
All
2011
-
-
6%
76%
14%
1%
4%
67
-------
Table 21 compares horsepower, engine size (CID), specific power (HP/CID), Ton- mpg, and estimated 0-
to-60 acceleration time for two selected MY 1988 and five MY 2011 engine types.
Table 21
Comparison of MY 1988 and MY 2011 Cars by Engine Fuel Metering,
Number of Valves and Valve Timing
Ton Ton O-to-60 O-to-60
Fuel Number HP HP CID CID HP/CID HP/CID MPG MPG Time Time
Metering of Valves Valve Timing 1988 2011 1988 2011 1988 2011 1988 2011 1988 2011
Carb
TBI
Port
Port
TBI
GDI
Port
4
2
4
2
4
2
Fixed
Fixed
Variable
Variable
Fixed
Variable
Fixed
88
71
98
137
-
-
232
191
-
246
306
131
91
-
-
142
-
193
-
-
236
154
-
166
292
0.75
0.78
0.71
0.74
-
-
0.98
1.23
-
1.51
1.05
37.2
38.1
36.8
36.6
-
-
46.4
45.4
-
47.8
39.5
14.3
15.0
13.7
11.9
-
-
9.2
9.7
-
8.5
8.1
Percent Change over MY 1988 Port Two Valve, Fixed Valve Timing Base Model
Fuel
Metering
Carb
TBI
Port
Port
TBI
GDI
Port
Number
of Valves
-
4
2
4
2
4
2
Valve Timing
Fixed
Fixed
Variable
Variable
Fixed
Variable
Fixed
HP
1988
-35.8%
-48.2%
-28.5%
-
HP
2011
-
-
69.3%
39.4%
-
79.6%
123.4%
CID
1988
-32.1%
-52.8%
-26.4%
-
CID
2011
-
-
22.3%
-20.2%
-
-14.0%
51.3%
HP/CID
1988
1.4%
5.4%
-4.1%
-
-
HP/CID
2011
-
-
32.4%
66.2%
-
104.1%
41.9%
Ton
MPG
1988
1.6%
4.1%
-
-
0.5%
-
-
Ton
MPG
2011
-
-
26.8%
24.0%
-
30.6%
7.9%
O-to-60
Time
1988
20.2%
26.1%
15.1%
-
O-to-60
Time
2011
-
-
-22.7%
-18.5%
-
-28.6%
-31.9%
Because MY 1988 was the peak year for car fuel economy until recently, and because the two valve, fixed
valve timing, port injected engine accounted for about half of the car engines built that year, the MY 1988 version
of this engine was selected as a baseline engine with its average characteristics compared to four MY 2011 engine
configurations. As shown in Figure 27, all of these MY 2011 engine types had substantially higher horsepower
than the baseline MY 1988 engine, and substantially higher specific power. Not all of these improvements in
engine design for these engine types that occurred between 1988 and 2011 were used to improve fuel economy as
indicated by the nominal 20% decrease in O-to-60 time each achieved. Obtaining increased power to weight in a
time when weight is trending upwards implies that horsepower is increasing. Increased horsepower can be obtained
by increasing the engine's displacement, the engine's specific power (HP/CID), or both. Increasing specific power
has been the primary driver for increases in performance for the past two decades.
68
-------
Figure 27
Percent Difference in MY 2011 Vehicle Characteristics from MY 1988
Port/2 Valve/Fixed Valve Timing Car Engine
0 to 60 Time
Ton-MPG
HP/CID
Engine
Port 4 Valve Variable
Port 4 Valve Fixed
Port 2 Valve Fixed
GDI 4 Valve Variable
CID
-40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140%
Percent Change
For the current model year fleet, specific power has been studied at an even more detailed level of
stratification with both car and truck engines being classified according to: (1) the number of valves per cylinder,
(2) the manufacturer's fuel recommendation, (3) the presence or absence of an intake boost device such as a
turbocharger or supercharger, and (4) whether or not the engine had fixed or variable valve timing. Higher HP/CID
is associated with: (a) more valves per cylinder, (b) higher octane fuel, (c) intake boost, and (d) use of variable
valve timing. The technical approaches result in specific power ranges for cars and trucks from about .9 to about
1.9. The relative production fractions in Table 22 are just for each technical option in the table and exclude
hybrids.
Rotary engines, which are included in Table 22, present a unique challenge when it comes to determining
an engine displacement value that is meaningful in comparison to a standard 4-stroke internal combustion engine.
This report uses the displacement as reported by the manufacturers for the one rotary engine on the market for MY
2011. The Mazda RX-8 has a published displacement of 79.3 cubic inches and 232 hp (manual transmission),
which results in a HP/CID of 2.9. The HP/CID value in Table 22 for non-boosted, 2 valve fixed timing, premium
fuel vehicles appears high due to the inclusion of the Mazda rotary engine. Sales of this category are limited to
0.1% of the fleet.
69
-------
Table 22 shows the incremental effect, on a production weighted basis, of adding each technical option, but
not all of the technical options are production significant. The effect of the use of higher octane fuel cannot be
discounted, because roughly 15% of the current car fleet is comprised of vehicles which use engines for which high
octane fuel is recommended. By comparison, about 9% of this year's light trucks require premium fuel.
Engine technology which delivers improved specific power thus can be used in many ways ranging from
reduced displacement and improved fuel economy at constant (or lower) performance, to increased performance
and the same fuel economy at constant displacement.
Table 22
HP/CID and Production Share by Fuel and Engine Technology
MY 2011 Cars
Fuel
Regular
Regular
Regular
Regular
Premium
Premium
Premium
Premium
Diesel
Total
Boost
No Boost
No Boost
Boost
Boost
No Boost
No Boost
Boost
Boost
Boost
Valve
Timing
Fixed
Variable
Fixed
Variable
Fixed
Variable
Fixed
Variable
-
2 Valve 2 Valve 3 Valve 3 Valve 4 Valve 4 Valve 5 Valve 5 Valve Total
HP/ Production HP/ Production HP/ Production HP/ Production Production
CID Fraction CID Fraction CID Fraction CID Fraction Fraction
0.97
1.05
1.69
-
1.97
1.16
1.47
1.22
1.2%
4.0%
0.0%
-
0.1%
0.1%
0.1% 1.65
0.0% 1.52
-
5.4%
1.19
1.20
1.72
1.78
1.11
1.32
0.0%
0.0% 1.73
1.21
0.0%
2.4%
73.9%
0.1%
3.1%
0.0%
10.0% 1.34
-
4.2%
0.8%
94.6%
3.6%
77.9%
0.1%
3.1%
0.2%
0.0% 10.0%
0.0%
4.2%
0.8%
0.0% 100.0%
MY 2011 Trucks
2 Valve 2 Valve 3 Valve 3 Valve 4 Valve 4 Valve 5 Valve 5 Valve Total
Valve HP/ Production HP/ Production HP/ Production HP/ Production Production
Fuel Boost Timing CID Fraction CID Fraction CID Fraction CID Fraction Fraction
Regular
Regular
Regular
Premium
Premium
Premium
Premium
Diesel
Total
No Boost
No Boost
Boost
No Boost
No Boost
Boost
Boost
Boost
Fixed 0.89 7.0%
Variable 1.01 24.6% 0.94
Variable
Fixed - - -
Variable - - -
Fixed - - 1.51
Variable - - -
_
31.6%
1.07
1.0% 1.22
1.68
0.96
1.24
0.0%
1.70
1.28
1.0%
1.5%
53.8%
3.1%
0.0%
6.4%
-
2.2%
0.3%
67.4%
8.5%
79.4%
3.1%
0.0%
6.4%
0.0%
2.2%
0.3%
100.0%
One engine technology development that began in MY 2005 is the reintroduction of cylinder deactivation,
an automotive technology that was used by General Motors in some MY 1981 V-8 engines that could be operated
in 8-, 6- and 4-cylinder modes. This approach, which has also been called by a number of names including
Variable displacement', 'displacement on demand', 'active fuel management' and 'multiple displacement', involves
allowing the valves of selected cylinders of the engine to remain closed and interrupting the fuel supply to these
70
-------
cylinders when engine power demands are below a predetermined threshold, as typically happens under less
demanding driving conditions, such as steady state operation or during idle. Under light load conditions, the engine
can thus provide better fuel mileage than would otherwise be achieved. Although frictional and thermodynamic
energy losses still occur in the cylinders that are not being used, these losses are more than offset by the increased
load and reduced specific fuel consumption of the remaining cylinders. Typically half of the usual number of
cylinders is deactivated. Challenges to the engine designer for this type of engine include mode transitions, idle
quality, and noise and vibration. For MY 2011, as shown previously in Table 17, it is estimated that about 11% of
all vehicles are equipped with cylinder deactivation.
Table 23 compares five examples of individual MY 2011 vehicles with cylinder deactivation to vehicles
with similar characteristics. No vehicles are currently offered with and without cylinder deactivation in the same
engine, so direct a direct comparison of fuel economy is not available. Table 23 compares vehicles with cylinder
deactivation to vehicles that are in the same inertia weight class and have similar displacement, horsepower,
transmission, and drive properties. While there are many other factors that affect fuel economy (which are not
considered in this comparison), four out of the five vehicles with cylinder deactivation that are included in Table 23
show an increase in fuel economy.
Table 23
Comparison of MY 2010 Vehicles with Engines with Cylinder Deactivation
MY 2011 Cars
Car Class
Model Name
Weight Engine Engine Lab Cyl. Pet. Change
Drive Trans (Ib) CID HP 55/45 Deact. HP MPG
Compact Car
Subcompact
Large Sedan
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
ACCORD 2DR COUPE
ALTI MA COUPE
ACCORD 4DR SEDAN
RAV4 2WD
Front
Front
Front
Front
M6
M6
L5
L5
3500
3500
4000
4000
214
214
214
211
271
270
271
269
26.7
27.9
31.0
28.9
Yes
No
Yes
No
0%
1%
-4%
7%
Car Class
Model Name
MY 2011 Trucks
Weight Engine Engine Lab Cyl. Pet. Change
Drive Trans (Ib) CID HP 55/45 Deact. HP MPG
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Large SUV
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
ODYSSEY 2WD
ENTOURAGE
K1500 YUKON DENALI AWD
K15 SIERRA 4WD
Ram 1500 2WD
TITAN 2WD
Front
Front
4WD
4WD
Rear
Rear
L6
L6
L6
L6
L5
L5
4500
4500
6000
6000
5000
5000
214
214
378
378
348
342
248
271
403
403
390
317
29.0
26.8
20.6
18.2
20.5
19.3
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
-9%
0%
19%
7%
12%
5%
Figure 28 compares historical industry-wide market penetration rates for five mature passenger car
technologies, namely fuel injection (summing the values for all of the individual fuel injection technologies in
Table 13), front wheel drive (FWD), multi-valve engines (i.e., engines with more than two valves per cylinder),
engines with variable valve timing, and lockup transmissions. Figure 28 indicates that, in the past, after the first
significant use, it has often taken an additional decade for a new technology to attain an industry-wide car
production fraction of 20 to 60%, and often as long as another five or ten years to reach maximum market
penetration. It is interesting to note that individual manufacturers, including those with large numbers of vehicle
platforms and engine families, have often integrated new technologies much more quickly relative to the industry-
wide time frames shown in Figure 28.
71
-------
Figure 28
Industry-Wide Car Technology Penetration After First Significant Use
cc
.c
C/)
100%
80%
60%
o
t3 40%
T3
O
20%
0%
Fuel Injection
/ Front Wheel Drive
Lockup
Multi-Valve
Variable Valve Timing
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Years After First Use
Table 24 compares fuel economy ratings, the ratio of highway to city fuel economy, and ton-mpg of the
MY 2011 diesel and hybrid vehicles with those for the average MY 2011 car and truck. All but one of the hybrid
vehicles in the table have a lower highway/city ratio than the average car or truck. In addition, there are several
cases in the table for which the highway to city ratio is less than 1.0, and these represent cases where a vehicle
achieves higher fuel economy in city than in highway driving. This year's diesel cars achieve ton-mpg values that
are roughly the same as some of the hybrid cars. For MY 2011, the Toyota Prius has the highest adjusted
composite fuel economy value for any hybrid of 49.3 mpg and several diesel vehicles have adjusted composite fuel
economy values of 35-36 mpg. The Prius achieves 86 ton-mpg, which is 82% higher than that of the average car.
Most of the vehicles in Table 24 have conventionally powered counterparts. Tables 25 and 26 compare the
adjusted composite fuel economy and an estimate of annual fuel usage (assuming 15,000 miles per year) for these
vehicles with their conventionally powered (baseline) counterparts. The comparisons in both tables are limited to a
basis of model name, drive, weight, transmission, and engine size (CID). Differences in the performance attributes
of these vehicles complicate the analysis of the fuel economy improvement potential due to hybridization and
dieselization. In particular, hybrid vehicles are sometimes reported to have faster O-to-60 acceleration times than
their conventional counterparts, while vehicles equipped with diesel engines often have higher low-end torque, but
slower O-to-60 times. In addition, some hybrid vehicles use technologies such as cylinder deactivation and CVT
transmissions that are not offered in their counterparts.
Fuel economy improvements for the hybrid vehicles in Table 25 vary considerably from 5-10% for the
larger, luxury hybrid vehicles to over 40%. Similarly, Table 26 shows fuel economy improvements for diesels
range from 15% to 30%.
72
-------
Table 24
Characteristics of MY 2011 Diesel and Hybrid Vehicles
Diesel Cars
Model Name
335d
A3
E350BLUETEC
GOLF
GOLF
Jetta
Jetta
JETTASPORTWAGEN
JETTASPORTWAGEN
Fleetwide Cars
Transmission
L6
L6
L7
L6
M6
L6
M6
L6
M6
Weight
(Ib)
4000
3500
4500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3589
CID
(cu in)
183
120
182
120
120
120
120
120
120
159
Lab
55/45
MPG
36.0
46.2
34.0
46.2
46.0
46.2
46.0
44.2
46.0
32.8
Adj
City
MPG
22.7
29.9
21.8
29.9
29.6
29.9
29.6
28.9
29.6
21.7
Adj
Hwy
MPG
36.1
41.6
33.4
41.6
41.7
41.6
41.7
39.5
41.7
30.4
Adj
Comp
MPG
28.8
35.6
27.2
35.6
35.5
35.6
35.5
34.1
35.5
25.9
Ton-
MPG
57.6
62.3
61.1
62.3
62.1
62.3
62.1
59.6
62.1
47.4
Hwy/
City
Ratio
1.6
1.4
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
Hybrid Cars
Model Name
ActiveHybrid 7
ActiveHybrid 7L
CAMRY HYBRID
CIVIC HYBRID
CR-Z
CR-Z
CT 200h
ESCAPE HYBRID FWD
FUSION HYBRID FWD
GS 450h
HS 250h
INSIGHT
LS 600h L
MKZ HYBRID FWD
OPTIMA HYBRID
PRIUS
S400 HYBRID
SONATA HYBRID
TRIBUTE HYBRID 2WD
Fleetwide Cars
Transmission
L8
L8
CVT
CVT
CVT
M6
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
A6
CVT
L7
A6
CVT
Weight
(Ib)
5000
5000
4000
3000
3000
3000
3500
4000
4000
4500
4000
3000
5500
4000
3500
3500
5000
3500
4000
3589
CID
(cu in)
269
269
144
79
92
92
110
153
153
211
144
79
303
153
146
110
213
146
153
159
Lab
55/45
MPG
25.6
25.6
45.9
58.8
50.1
44.9
57.5
44.1
54.2
30.8
47.3
57.1
26.9
54.2
50.6
70.8
27.5
52.2
44.1
32.8
Adj
City
MPG
17.1
17.1
33.4
40.2
34.8
30.7
42.3
34.0
41.4
21.9
35.3
40.1
19.6
41.4
35.1
50.8
18.6
35.4
34.0
21.7
Adj
Hwy
MPG
24.1
24.1
34.1
45.3
39.1
36.8
40.0
30.5
36.4
25.3
33.6
42.6
21.8
36.4
39.5
48.2
25.1
41.9
30.5
30.4
Adj
Comp
MPG
20.5
20.5
33.8
42.9
37.1
33.9
41.0
31.9
38.4
23.8
34.3
41.5
20.8
38.4
37.5
49.3
21.8
38.8
31.9
25.9
Ton-
MPG
51.3
51.3
67.6
64.4
55.7
50.9
71.7
63.9
76.8
53.5
68.6
62.2
57.2
76.8
65.6
86.3
54.6
67.9
63.9
47.4
Hwy/
City
Ratio
1.4
1.4
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.2
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.2
0.9
1.1
1.1
0.9
1.1
0.9
1.3
1.2
0.9
1.4
73
-------
Table 24 (continued)
Diesel Trucks
Lab Adj Adj Adj Hwy/
Weight CID 55/45 City Hwy Comp Ton- City
Model Name Transmission (Ib) (cu in) MPG MPG MPG MPG MPG Ratio
GL 350 BLUETEC 4MATIC
ML350BLUETEC4MATIC
Q7
R350BLUETEC4MATIC
TOUAREG
X5 xDrive35d
Fleetwide Trucks
L7 6000
L7 5000
L8 6000
L7 5500
L8 5000
L6 5500
4905
182
182
181
182
181
183
245
24.8
27.1
26.4
26.3
28.9
28.2
23.6
16.9
18.4
17.0
17.9
18.6
18.9
16.0
22.7
24.7
26.8
23.9
29.0
26.1
21.9
19.8
21.5
21.5
20.9
23.4
22.5
18.9
59.3
53.7
64.5
57.5
58.5
61.8
46.6
1.3
1.3
1.6
1.3
1.6
1.4
1.4
Hybrid Trucks
Model Name
ActiveHybrid X6
C15 SIERRA 2WD HYBRID
C15 SILVERADO 2WD HYBRID
C1500TAHOE 2WD HYBRID
C1500 YUKON 2WD HYBRID
Cayennes Hybrid
ESCALADE 2WD HYBRID
ESCALADE 4WD HYBRID
ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
HIGHLANDER HYBRID 4WD
K15 SIERRA 4WD HYBRID
K15 SILVERADO 4WD HYBRID
K1500TAHOE4WD HYBRID
K1500 YUKON 4WD HYBRID
K1500 YUKON DENALI HYBRID 4WD
ML450HYBRID4MATIC
RX 450h
RX 450h AWD
Touareg Hybrid
TRIBUTE HYBRID 4WD
Fleetwide Trucks
Transmission
L7
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
L8
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
L8
CVT
Weight
(Ib) 1
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
5500
6000
6500
4000
5000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6500
5500
5000
5000
5500
4000
4905
CID
[cu in)
269
366
366
366
366
183
366
366
153
211
366
366
366
366
366
213
211
211
183
153
245
Lab
55/45
MPG
23.1
28.5
28.5
28.5
28.5
28.1
28.5
28.0
39.0
38.7
28.4
28.4
28.4
28.4
28.0
29.6
40.4
38.6
28.2
39.0
23.6
Adj
City
MPG
16.6
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
19.9
20.4
20.0
30.4
30.1
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.0
21.2
31.5
29.5
19.9
30.4
16.0
Adj
Hwy
MPG
19.4
23.6
23.6
23.6
23.6
23.8
23.6
23.3
27.2
27.1
23.4
23.4
23.4
23.4
23.3
24.2
27.9
27.6
23.8
27.2
21.9
Adj
Comp
MPG
18.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
21.9
22.1
21.7
28.5
28.3
22.0
22.0
22.0
22.0
21.7
22.8
29.4
28.4
22.0
28.5
18.9
Ton-
MPG
54.3
66.3
66.3
66.3
66.3
60.3
66.3
70.6
57.0
70.7
65.9
65.9
65.9
65.9
70.6
62.7
73.4
70.9
60.4
57.0
46.6
Hwy/
City
Ratio
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
0.9
0.9
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.1
0.9
0.9
1.2
0.9
1.4
74
-------
Table 25
Comparison of MY 2011 Hybrid Vehicles with Their Conventional Counterparts
Hybrid Version
Model Name
ActiveHybrid7**
ActiveHybrid7L**
ActiveHybrid X6**
CIS SIERRA 2WD HYBRID
CIS SILVERADO 2WD HYBRID
C1500TAHOE 2WD HYBRID
C1500 YUKON 2WD HYBRID
CAMRY HYBRID
Cayennes Hybrid
CIVIC HYBRID
CT200h**
ESCALADE 2WD HYBRID
ESCALADE 4WD HYBRID
ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
ESCAPE HYBRID FWD
FUSION HYBRID FWD
GS450H**
HIGHLANDER HYBRID 4WD
HS250H**
K15 SIERRA 4WD HYBRID
K15 SILVERADO 4WD HYBRID
K1500 TAHOE 4WD HYBRID
K1500 YUKON 4WD HYBRID
K1500 YUKON DENALI HYBRID 4WD
LS 600h L**
MARINER HYBRID 4WD
MARINER HYBRID FWD
MILAN HYBRID FWD
MKZ HYBRID FWD
ML450 HYBRID 4MATIC**
OPTIMA HYBRID
RX450H**
RX450H AWD**
S400 HYBRID**
SONATA HYBRID
Touareg Hybrid
TRIBUTE HYBRID 2WD
TRIBUTE HYBRID 4WD
Weight
(Ib)
5000
5000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
4000
5500
3000
3500
6000
6500
4000
4000
4000
4500
5000
4000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6500
5500
4000
4000
4000
4000
5500
3500
5000
5000
5000
3500
5500
4000
4000
CID
269
269
269
366
366
366
366
144
183
79
110
366
366
153
153
153
211
211
144
366
366
366
366
366
303
153
153
153
153
213
146
211
211
213
146
183
153
153
Trans
L8
L8
L7
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
L8
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
A6
CVT
CVT
L7
A6
L8
CVT
CVT
Adj
Comp
MPG
20.5
20.5
18.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
33.8
21.9
42.9
41.0
22.1
21.7
28.5
31.9
38.4
23.8
28.3
34.3
22.0
22.0
22.0
22.0
21.7
20.8
28.5
31.9
38.4
38.4
22.8
37.5
29.4
28.4
21.8
38.8
22.0
31.9
28.5
Gal
per
Year*
731
731
829
679
679
679
679
444
684
349
366
679
690
526
470
391
631
530
437
683
683
683
683
690
721
526
470
391
391
657
400
511
529
687
386
683
470
526
Weight
(Ib)
4500
5000
5500
5500
5500
6000
6000
3500
5000
3000
4000
6000
6000
4000
4000
3500
4000
4500
4000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
5000
4000
3500
3500
4000
5000
3500
4500
4500
4500
3500
5000
3500
3500
CID
269
269
269
323
323
323
323
152
293
110
153
378
378
153
153
153
211
211
153
323
323
323
323
378
281
153
153
153
214
213
146
211
211
213
146
219
153
153
Baseline
Trans
L6
L6
L8
L6
L6
L6
L6
L6
L8
L5
L6
L6
L6
L6
L6
L6
L6
L5
L6
L6
L6
L6
L6
L6
L8
L6
L6
L6
L6
L7
L6
L6
L6
L7
L6
L8
L6
L6
Improvement
Adj
Comp
MPG
18.0
17.7
17.0
17.7
17.7
17.9
17.9
26.7
19.0
29.6
25.5
17.1
16.7
23.0
24.1
27.6
22.4
19.5
25.5
17.7
17.7
17.6
17.6
16.7
19.2
23.0
24.1
27.6
22.0
17.3
28.6
21.3
21.3
19.2
28.1
19.9
24.4
23.3
Gal
per
Year*
832
846
883
847
847
840
840
562
788
506
589
878
897
652
623
544
669
770
589
847
849
850
850
897
781
652
623
544
681
867
524
703
706
781
533
755
616
644
Adj
Comp
MPG
12%
14%
6%
20%
20%
19%
19%
21%
13%
31%
38%
23%
23%
19%
25%
28%
6%
31%
26%
19%
20%
20%
20%
23%
8%
19%
25%
28%
43%
24%
24%
27%
25%
12%
28%
9%
24%
18%
Gal
per
Year*
101
115
54
168
169
161
161
118
104
157
222
199
206
126
153
153
38
240
152
164
166
167
167
206
60
126
153
153
290
210
124
192
177
94
147
72
146
118
*Note: Gallons per year calculation is based on all vehicles being driven 15,000 miles.
**Note: Baseline version used for the GS 450h comparison is the GS 350. Baseline vehicle used for the LS 600HL comparison is the LS 460L. Baseline
versions used for the Rx 450h and Rx 450h AWD comparison were the Rx 350 and the Rx 350 AWD. Baseline version used for the S400
comparison is the S550 4MATIC
75
-------
Table 26
Comparison of MY 2011 Diesel Vehicles with Their Conventional Counterparts
Model Name
335d
A3
E 350 BLUETEC
GOLF
GOLF
Jetta
Jetta
JETTA SPORTWAGEN
JETTA SPORTWAGEN
GL 350 BLUETEC
4MATIC
ML 350 BLUETEC
4MATIC**
07
R 350 BLUETEC
4MATIC**
TOUAREG
X5xDrive35d**
Diesel
Weight
(Ib)
4000
3500
4500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
6000
5000
6000
5500
5000
5500
Diesel
CID
183
120
182
120
120
120
120
120
120
182
182
181
182
181
183
Diesel
Trans
L6
L6
L7
L6
M6
L6
M6
L6
M6
L7
L7
L8
L7
L8
L6
Diesel
Adj.
Comp.
MPG
28.8
35.6
27.2
35.6
35.5
35.6
35.5
34.1
35.5
19.8
21.5
21.5
20.9
23.4
22.5
Diesel
Gal.
per
Year*
520.7
421.3
552.1
421.3
422.8
421.3
422.8
440.2
422.8
759.2
697.8
698.1
716.9
641.1
667.6
Baseline
Weight
(Ib)
4000
3500
400
3500
3500
3000
3000
3500
3500
6000
5000
6000
5500
5000
5000
Baseline
CID
183
121
213
151
151
121
121
151
151
285
213
183
213
219
183
Baseline
Trans
L6
A6
L7
L6
M5
L6
M5
L6
M5
L7
L7
A8
L7
L8
L8
Baseline
Adj.
Comp.
MPG
23.2
24.6
20.9
26.1
25.8
25.8
27.5
26.1
25.8
15.1
17.3
18.5
17.3
19.9
19.4
Baseline Improvement:
Gal. Adj.
per Comp.
Year* MPG
645
610
718
575
581
582
546
575
581
993
867
813
867
755
773
19%
31%
23%
27%
27%
28%
23%
23%
27%
24%
20%
14%
17%
15%
14%
Improvement:
Gal.
per
Year*
124.8
189.0
166.3
153.7
158.1
160.6
123.6
134.8
158.1
234.2
169.2
114.9
150.1
113.5
105.2
*Note: Gallons per year calculation is based on all vehicles being driven 15,000 miles.
Note: Baseline version used for the R350 Bluetec comparison is the R350 4MATIC. Baseline version used for the GL350 Bluetec comparison is the
GL450 4MATIC. Baseline version used for the ML350 Bluetec comparison is the ML350 4MATIC. Baseline version used for the X5 xDrive
35d comparison is the X5 xDrive 30i.
76
-------
VII. Fuel Economy by Manufacturer and Make
This report groups vehicles by "manufacturer" and "make." The initial reports in this series examined fuel
economy and technology trends for the "Domestic" and "Import" vehicle categories which are part of the corporate
average fuel economy (CAFE) program. Over time, this classification approach evolved into a market segment
approach in which cars were apportioned to a "Domestic," "European," and "Asian" category, with trucks classified
as "Domestic" or "Imported." More recent reports in this series used "Marketing Groups" to better reflect the
financial arrangements and transnational nature of the modern automobile industry.
This report reflects the manufacturer definitions used by the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA) for purposes of implementation of and manufacturer compliance with the CAFE
program. Table 27 lists the 13 manufacturers which had production of 100,000 vehicles or more in MY 2009
and/or MY 2010, which together accounted for approximately 99% of total industry-wide production, and for
which data are shown in Tables 28 through 32 (industry-wide tables in the rest of this report also include production
from those manufacturers that do not meet the 100,000 production threshold).
Make is typically included in the model name and is generally equivalent to the "brand" of the vehicle.
Table 27 also lists the 30 makes for which data are shown in Tables 28 and 29. The MY 2010 production threshold
for makes to be included in Tables 28 and 29 is 40,000 vehicles, though the Smart was included as well because of
the high interest in this make. The Pontiac, Saturn, and Mercury makes no longer exist, but are included since
Tables 28 and 29 also provide data for MY 2009 and 2010.
Table 27
Manufacturers and Makes for MY 2009-2011
Manufacturer
General Motors
Ford
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
Nissan
Hyundai
Volkswagen
Kia
Subaru
BMW
Daimler
Mazda
Others
Makes Above Threshold
Chevrolet, Cadillac, Buick, CMC, Pontiac, Saturn
Ford, Lincoln, Mercury
Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ram
Toyota, Lexus, Scion
Honda, Acura
Nissan, Infiniti
Hyundai
Volkswagen, Audi
Kia
Subaru
BMW, Mini
Mercedes-Benz, Smart
Mazda
Makes Below Threshold
Hummer
Roush, Shelby
Lamborghini, Bentley, Bugatti
Rolls Royce
Maybach
Mitsubishi, Volvo, Rover, Suzuki, Porsche, Jaguar, Saab,
Ferrari, Maserati, Lotus, Spyker
77
-------
It is important to note that when a manufacturer or make grouping is changed to reflect a change in the
industry's current financial structure, EPA makes the same adjustment for the entire historical database back to
1975. This maintains a consistent manufacturer or make definition overtime, which allows a better identification
of long-term trends. On the other hand, this also means that the current database does not necessarily reflect actual
financial or structural arrangements in the past. For example, the 2010 database no longer accounts for the fact that
Chrysler was combined with Daimler for several years, and Tables 28 and 29 show a separate Chrysler Ram make
for MY 2008 and 2009, even though Ram did not become a separate make until MY 2010.
Automakers submit vehicle production data, rather than vehicle sales data, in formal end-of-year CAFE
compliance reports to EPA. Accordingly, the vehicle production data in this report may differ from sales data
reported by press sources. In addition, the vehicle production data presented in this report are tabulated on a model
year basis. In years past, manufacturers typically used a more consistent approach for model year designations, i.e.,
from fall of one year to the fall of the following year. More recently, however, many manufacturers have used a
more flexible approach and it is not uncommon to see a new or redesigned model be introduced in the spring or
summer, with a new model year designation, rather than the fall. This means that a model year for an individual
vehicle can be either shortened or lengthened. Accordingly, year-to-year comparisons can be affected by these
model year anomalies, though, of course, these even out over a multi-year period.
Tables 28 and 29 give laboratory and adjusted fuel economy values for cars, trucks, and cars and trucks
combined for MY 2009-2011, for the 13 manufacturers and 30 makes shown in Table 27. By including data from
both MY 2009 and 2010, with formal end-of-year data for both years, it is possible to identify meaningful changes
from year-to-year. Because of the uncertainty associated with the MY 2011 projections, changes from MY 2010 to
MY 2011 may be less meaningful.
The relative fuel economy comparisons for manufacturers and makes in Tables 28 and 29 will be similar,
of course, since the relative offset between laboratory and adjusted values will be similar across manufacturers and
makes. The following discussion will be based on the adjusted composite fuel economy data from Table 29.
In MY 2010, 10 of the 13 highest-selling manufacturers increased fuel economy and the industry reached
an all-time high of 22.6 mpg. In terms of manufacturers, Hyundai and Kia had the highest MY 2010 adjusted
composite fuel economy of 27.0 mpg, followed by Toyota at 25.4 mpg. Daimler had the lowest MY 2010 adjusted
fuel economy for any manufacturer, 18.9 mpg, and was followed by Chrysler at 19.5 mpg and Ford at 20.4 mpg. In
terms of improvement from MY 2009 to MY 2010, Kia had the largest improvement of 2.8 mpg, followed by
Hyundai at 1.9 mpg and Volkswagen and Mazda at 1.2 mpg.
In terms of makes in MY 2010, the Smart make was the leader at 36.8 mpg. Of course, the Smart Fourtwo
is the smallest and lightest car in the U.S. market and has relatively low production. The make with the second-
highest fuel economy in MY 2010 was the Mini, which produces a relatively low number of small vehicles, at 29.2
mpg. Of the makes with higher production, Hyundai and Kia had the highest overall fuel economy at 27.0 mpg,
followed by Volkswagen at 26.4 mpg.
Preliminary projections suggest that 11 of the 13 manufacturers will improve fuel economy further in MY
2011, though EPA will not have actual data for MY 2011 until later this year. Hyundai, Kia, and Honda are
projected to be the overall fuel economy leaders for MY 2011.
Table 30 shows footprint by manufacturer for MY 2009-2011, along with truck production share by
manufacturer. GM, Ford, and Chrysler had the largest footprint values in MY 2010 at 51-52 square feet, with most
of the other manufacturers having average footprint values in the 44-47 square feet range. Overall footprint
78
-------
increased by 0.3 square feet in MY 2010, with the largest increases for Ford, Nissan, and Toyota. Kia had the
largest decrease in footprint, followed by GM and Mazda. Subaru had the highest MY 2010 truck share at 72%,
followed by Chrysler at 58%, while Hyundai, Kia, and Volkswagen had the lowest truck shares, all between 8%
and 11%. Industry-wide footprint and truck share are projected to grow in MY 2011.
Table 31 (actual MY 2010) and Table 32 (MY 2011 projections) show the adjusted fuel economy values
broken out by manufacturer and vehicle size and type. For example, Honda had the highest small car adjusted
composite fuel economy in MY 2010 at 30.5 mpg. Of course, these tables rely on the threshold definitions for
small/midsize/large vehicle sizes that have been discussed earlier in this report, and a vehicle that just crosses the
threshold into the next largest class can be a fuel economy leader in that class, while it may have been a relatively
poor performer in the next smaller class.
For a long-term perspective going back to 1975, Figure 29 shows the adjusted fuel economy values (cars,
trucks, and both cars and trucks) and truck production shares for each of the 13 highest-selling manufacturers. More
information for the historic database stratified by manufacturer can be found in Appendices L through P.
79
-------
Table 28
Laboratory 55/45 Fuel Economy by Manufacturer and Make for MY 2009—2011
Manufacturer
Kia
Hyundai
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
VW
vw
VW
Honda
Honda
Honda
Mazda
Subaru
Nissan
Nissan
Nissan
BMW
BMW
BMW
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
Ford
Ford
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Daimler
Daimler
Daimler
Other
Fleet
2009
Make Cars
All
All
Toyota
Lexus
Scion
All
VW
Audi
All
Honda
Acura
All
All
All
Nissan
Infiniti
All
BMW
Mini
All
Chevrolet
CMC
Buick
Cadillac
Pontiac
Saturn
All
Ford
Lincoln
Mercury
All
Dodge
Chrysler
Jeep
Ram
All
Mercedes-Benz
Smart
All
All
All
32.6
32.3
36.5
27.8
32.5
35.3
31.7
28.6
30.8
34.2
29.2
33.7
30.2
28.9
33.3
26.3
32.5
26.4
39.2
28.4
30.7
21.1
30.5
23.5
29.6
30.0
29.8
30.0
25.1
27.1
29.1
26.6
27.6
26.0
-
26.7
24.3
49.5
25.6
28.2
31.4
2009
Trucks
24.1
24.9
25.7
23.1
-
25.3
24.4
22.9
23.5
26.0
22.4
25.5
27.1
28.4
24.4
21.8
24.2
nn
22.7
21.3
21.3
23.8
18.9
24.8
23.9
21.4
21.9
23.0
25.2
22.0
22.1
24.4
21.7
19.5
22.0
20.8
20.8
20.9
23.0
2009
Cars
and 2010
Trucks Cars
30.7
31.7
33.3
26.2
32.5
32.4
31.3
27.3
30.0
31.7
26.3
31.1
29.3
28.7
30.5
25.3
29.9
25.6
39.2
27.3
25.7
21.3
28.5
22.4
29.5
28.3
25.6
25.7
24.9
26.8
25.7
25.9
25.4
22.6
19.5
23.9
23.3
49.5
24.3
26.5
28.2
35.8
34.9
39.4
29.1
33.1
37.5
34.0
29.7
32.8
35.2
29.1
34.5
32.0
30.2
33.6
26.4
32.7
26.1
37.6
28.5
30.8
31.4
26.1
25.4
32.4
27.5
29.9
30.9
25.6
28.7
30.3
27.1
27.9
26.7
-
27.2
24.5
49.1
24.7
28.5
32.3
2010
Trucks
25.0
29.2
24.1
27.1
24.6
25.3
24.6
24.8
26.6
23.6
26.2
25.9
29.6
23.1
19.8
22.8
23.6
-
23.6
22.6
22.8
24.0
22.6
-
24.5
22.8
21.6
23.7
24.1
21.7
23.9
24.3
22.2
19.7
22.6
21.4
-
21.4
21.3
23.4
2010
Cars
and 2011
Trucks Cars
34.5
34.4
33.2
28.3
33.1
32.4
33.5
28.0
31.7
32.2
27.0
31.5
30.9
29.7
29.8
24.6
29.3
25.5
37.6
27.6
27.2
23.7
25.2
24.6
32.4
25.6
26.5
25.5
25.1
27.7
25.6
25.8
25.7
23.1
19.7
24.4
23.4
49.1
23.6
25.4
28.4
35.9
35.4
38.2
32.1
36.5
37.0
35.1
29.6
33.2
36.1
29.9
35.5
32.6
30.3
34.3
27.4
33.2
27.8
39.7
29.5
32.4
32.3
27.7
25.5
-
-
31.0
31.4
26.4
27.3
30.9
28.4
28.6
27.8
-
28.4
25.1
49.5
26.4
29.3
32.8
2011
Trucks
28.5
28.5
25.0
27.1
25.2
27.1
26.6
26.7
27.5
23.6
26.8
24.5
30.5
24.5
21.0
24.2
25.0
25.0
22.2
22.2
24.3
21.7
-
-
22.2
23.0
22.7
27.2
23.0
23.8
25.9
22.7
19.9
22.8
22.0
22.0
22.4
23.6
2011
Cars
and
Trucks
34.7
34.8
32.1
30.3
36.5
32.0
34.4
28.6
32.0
33.4
26.8
32.6
31.7
30.4
31.3
26.3
30.7
27.2
39.7
28.7
26.3
22.7
26.6
23.9
-
-
25.6
26.8
25.2
27.3
26.7
26.3
26.9
23.6
19.9
24.5
24.0
49.5
24.9
27.0
28.6
80
-------
Table 29
Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Manufacturer and Make for MY 2009-2011
Manufacturer
Hyundai
Kia
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
VW
vw
VW
Honda
Honda
Honda
Mazda
Subaru
Nissan
Nissan
Nissan
BMW
BMW
BMW
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
Ford
Ford
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Daimler
Daimler
Daimler
Other
Fleet
2009
Make Cars
All
All
Toyota
Lexus
Scion
All
VW
Audi
All
Honda
Acura
All
All
All
Nissan
Infiniti
All
BMW
Mini
All
Chevrolet
CMC
Buick
Cadillac
Pontiac
Saturn
All
Ford
Lincoln
Mercury
All
Dodge
Chrysler
Jeep
Ram
All
Mercedes-Benz
Smart
All
All
All
25.6
25.6
28.5
22.1
25.4
27.6
25.1
nn
24.4
27.0
23.3
26.6
23.9
22.8
26.1
21.1
25.5
21.3
30.3
22.8
24.5
17.1
24.3
19.1
23.5
23.9
23.8
23.9
20.3
21.3
23.2
21.3
22.0
20.4
-
21.3
19.6
37.1
20.6
22.5
24.8
2009
Trucks
19.9
19.3
20.4
18.4
-
20.1
19.5
18.2
18.7
20.8
17.9
20.3
21.5
22.4
19.4
17.6
19.2
18.3
-
18.3
17.2
17.2
19.2
15.5
19.9
19.2
17.3
17.5
18.5
20.1
17.6
17.8
19.6
17.3
15.8
17.7
16.7
-
16.7
16.9
18.4
2009
Cars
and 2010
Trucks Cars
25.1
24.2
26.1
20.9
25.4
25.4
24.8
21.7
23.8
25.1
21.0
24.6
23.2
22.6
24.0
20.3
23.6
20.6
30.3
21.9
20.7
17.2
22.8
18.2
23.5
22.6
20.6
20.5
20.1
21.1
20.5
20.7
20.4
18.0
15.8
19.2
18.8
37.1
19.5
21.2
22.4
27.4
27.9
30.4
23.1
25.9
29.1
26.8
23.5
25.9
27.7
23.2
27.1
25.3
23.8
26.3
21.1
25.7
21.1
29.2
22.8
24.7
25.0
21.1
20.5
25.5
22.0
23.9
24.4
20.6
23.0
24.0
21.7
22.3
20.9
-
21.7
19.7
36.8
19.9
22.7
25.5
2010
Trucks
23.0
20.0
19.2
21.4
-
19.6
20.1
19.5
19.7
21.3
18.8
20.9
20.6
23.3
18.4
16.0
18.2
18.9
-
18.9
18.2
18.4
19.4
18.2
19.7
18.3
17.3
18.9
19.2
17.4
19.3
19.7
17.8
16.0
18.2
17.2
-
17.2
17.2
18.7
2010
Cars
and 2011
Trucks Cars
27.0
27.0
25.9
22.4
25.9
25.4
26.4
22.1
25.0
25.4
21.5
24.9
24.4
23.4
23.5
19.8
23.1
20.6
29.2
22.1
21.8
19.1
20.4
19.8
25.5
20.6
21.3
20.3
20.2
22.1
20.4
20.7
20.6
18.4
16.0
19.5
18.8
36.8
18.9
20.4
22.6
27.9
28.1
29.5
25.2
28.3
28.7
27.6
23.5
26.2
28.4
23.8
27.9
25.7
23.9
26.8
21.9
26.1
22.4
30.6
23.6
25.9
25.7
22.4
20.6
-
24.9
24.9
21.2
21.9
24.5
22.7
23.0
21.9
-
22.7
20.2
37.1
21.2
23.3
25.9
2011
Trucks
22.5
22.5
19.8
21.3
-
20.0
21.5
21.1
21.2
21.9
18.8
21.4
19.5
23.9
19.5
17.0
19.3
20.0
-
20.0
17.9
17.9
19.6
17.5
-
-
17.9
18.4
18.2
21.3
18.4
19.2
20.9
18.2
16.1
18.3
17.6
-
17.6
18.0
18.9
2011
Cars
and
Trucks
27.5
27.2
25.1
23.8
28.3
25.1
27.1
nn
25.2
26.3
21.3
25.7
25.0
23.9
24.6
21.1
24.2
21.9
30.6
23.0
21.1
18.4
21.5
19.3
-
20.6
21.3
20.2
21.9
21.3
21.1
21.7
18.9
16.1
19.7
19.3
37.1
20.0
21.5
22.8
81
-------
Table 30
Footprint (sq ft) and Truck Share by Manufacturer for MY 2009—2011s
2009
Manufacturer Cars
Toyota
Ford
GM
Honda
Chrysler
Nissan
Hyundai
VW
Mazda
Subaru
Kia
Daimler
BMW
Other
All
44.9
46.0
46.6
44.8
47.8
45.3
45.3
43.4
45.4
44.4
45.2
47.7
44.3
44.3
45.5
2009
Trucks
51.5
57.6
60.0
49.1
53.4
51.4
47.0
50.5
46.8
43.4
50.8
52.2
51.2
49.1
54.3
2009
Cars
and
Trucks
46.4
50.7
52.1
45.9
50.9
46.8
45.4
44.0
45.8
43.9
46.2
48.7
45.4
45.2
48.2
2009
Percent 2010
Trucks Cars
22.6%
40.6%
41.1%
25.9%
55.7%
24.6%
7.0%
8.6%
24.5%
47.6%
17.7%
22.8%
16.4%
18.3%
30.8%
44.3
46.2
46.8
44.7
48.3
45.4
45.0
43.5
45.0
44.2
44.3
47.8
44.9
44.8
45.4
2010
Trucks
53.3
58.4
58.4
49.3
52.7
53.1
46.9
48.9
47.8
44.1
52.4
50.7
50.7
48.3
54.1
2010
Cars
and
Trucks
47.0
51.9
51.6
46.0
50.9
47.5
45.2
44.1
45.4
44.1
45.0
48.7
45.8
46.1
48.5
2010
Percent 2011 2011
Trucks Cars Trucks
30.0%
46.4%
41.3%
29.7%
57.6%
27.2%
7.5%
11.3%
14.8%
71.8%
8.8%
32.0%
15.7%
35.5%
35.7%
44.8 53.5
46.3 59.3
47.0 61.0
45.5 50.1
48.1 53.9
45.0 53.1
46.6 46.8
44.4 49.4
44.3 49.7
44.4 44.5
44.4 48.3
45.1 50.0
45.8 50.9
45.3 49.1
45.8 55.9
2011
Cars
and
Trucks
47.7
52.2
54.5
46.8
51.8
46.8
46.6
45.2
44.7
44.5
44.9
46.6
46.7
46.4
49.6
2011
Percent
Trucks
33.4%
45.2%
53.4%
28.1%
64.5%
22.5%
6.7%
15.7%
8.4%
65.2%
13.4%
29.8%
16.5%
28.0%
37.6%
*Note: all footprint values for MY 2011 are preliminary, and are based on different data sources than values for MY 2009-2010.
82
-------
Table 31
MY 2010 Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type
and Size for Largest Manufacturers
Vehicle
Type/Size
Cars
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Wagons
Small
Midsize
All Sizes
SUVs (non-truck)
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
All Cars
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Vans
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
SUVs
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Pickups
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
All Trucks
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Fleet
All Sizes
Toyota
29.8
31.6
23.7
30.6
25.9
25.9
-
22.6
-
22.6
29.5
28.8
23.7
29.1
-
20.8
-
20.8
-
21.7
15.3
21.2
19.1
15.9
17.3
-
21.0
15.8
19.6
25.4
Ford
25.7
25.6
20.8
24.7
-
-
23.7
20.7
22.3
25.7
25.0
20.8
24.0
-
23.4
-
23.4
-
21.7
17.0
18.4
21.7
16.4
16.6
22.0
16.5
17.4
20.4
GM
24.2
24.0
22.6
23.7
25.6
-
25.6
-
21.9
24.3
24.3
24.5
24.0
23.3
23.9
-
-
16.2
16.2
-
19.5
19.4
19.4
20.6
17.3
17.3
20.5
18.3
18.3
21.3
Honda
30.5
21.4
25.4
27.7
30.7
30.7
-
23.1
22.4
23.0
30.5
22.6
25.2
27.1
-
20.2
-
20.2
-
21.5
20.7
21.5
17.6
17.6
-
21.1
19.3
20.9
24.9
Chrysler
19.8
25.1
20.7
21.9
24.3
24.3
17.5
20.8
20.1
20.4
21.7
23.4
20.5
21.7
-
19.7
-
19.7
17.4
18.0
18.5
17.8
16.0
16.0
17.4
19.2
16.2
18.2
19.5
Nissan
23.5
26.8
19.6
26.4
25.0
25.0
-
23.0
20.2
21.8
24.1
26.4
20.1
25.7
-
-
-
-
22.0
17.5
19.2
16.4
16.4
22.0
17.0
18.2
23.1
Hyundai
28.7
29.9
25.5
28.2
26.9
-
26.9
-
24.6
19.8
24.0
28.3
28.2
25.1
27.4
-
-
-
-
-
23.6
19.0
23.0
-
-
-
23.6
19.0
23.0
27.0
VW
25.7
23.3
19.2
25.5
31.3
24.9
30.6
-
21.4
-
21.4
26.3
22.8
19.2
25.9
-
-
-
-
-
20.9
19.4
19.7
-
-
-
-
20.9
19.4
19.7
25.0
Mazda Subaru
26.9 22.7
24.4 25.3
-
26.3 24.4
22.5
22.5
-
23.4
18.7
21.8
26.9 22.6
24.0 25.3
18.7
25.3 23.8
24.1
-
-
24.1
-
20.3 23.3
17.8
18.5 23.3
-
-
24.1
20.3 23.3
17.8
20.6 23.3
24.4 23.4
Kia
29.3
26.4
-
28.7
27.1
23.1
27.0
-
22.4
18.9
22.4
28.4
25.3
18.9
27.9
-
19.8
-
19.8
-
20.3
20.3
-
-
20.0
-
20.0
27.0
Daimler
20.9
19.9
16.6
20.0
-
-
-
19.1
19.1
20.9
19.8
16.6
19.9
-
-
-
-
-
18.0
16.8
17.2
-
-
-
18.0
16.8
17.2
18.9
BMW
24.1
21.2
17.8
22.8
21.5
20.0
20.5
-
-
-
-
24.1
21.2
17.8
22.8
-
-
-
-
-
18.9
18.9
-
-
-
-
18.9
18.9
22.1
All
26.8
26.8
nn
26.1
26.5
22.8
26.4
17.5
22.8
21.8
22.4
26.8
25.7
22.4
25.5
24.1
20.1
16.2
20.1
17.4
21.2
18.2
19.7
19.7
16.5
16.9
18.3
20.8
17.2
18.7
22.6
83
-------
Table 32
MY 2011 Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy by Vehicle Type
and Size for Largest Manufacturers
Vehicle
Type/Size
Cars
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Wagons
Small
Midsize
All Sizes
SUVs (non-truck)
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
All Cars
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Vans
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
SUVs
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Pickups
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
All Trucks
Small
Midsize
Large
All Sizes
Fleet
All Sizes
Toyota
30.6
30.8
24.0
30.3
25.3
-
25.3
23.0
-
23.0
29.9
28.2
24.0
28.7
20.8
-
20.8
-
21.9
15.4
21.6
21.9
16.9
17.5
-
21.6
16.7
20.0
25.1
Ford
28.0
26.2
21.0
25.6
-
-
23.5
21.4
22.4
28.0
25.2
21.2
24.5
23.2
13.6
20.5
21.5
18.4
19.5
21.5
17.4
17.8
-
21.7
17.6
18.4
21.3
GM
23.1
26.1
22.6
24.9
25.2
-
25.2
-
24.7
24.7
23.7
26.1
23.2
24.9
15.5
15.5
-
18.9
18.9
21.5
17.3
17.4
-
21.5
17.9
17.9
20.6
Honda
31.8
21.5
27.3
28.9
31.0
-
31.0
22.6
22.4
22.5
31.6
22.3
27.0
27.9
23.0
-
23.0
-
21.1
21.6
21.1
-
17.6
17.6
-
21.6
19.7
21.4
25.7
Chrysler
21.2
24.4
21.6
22.8
25.1
-
25.1
22.5
20.4
21.4
23.7
23.7
21.2
nn
20.9
-
20.9
17.5
19.4
18.4
18.3
-
16.1
16.1
17.5
20.4
17.0
18.3
19.7
Nissan
22.9
27.2
-
26.5
27.2
-
27.2
23.6
20.6
21.7
25.1
27.0
20.6
26.1
21.5
21.5
23.7
18.5
20.5
16.4
16.4
-
22.8
17.4
19.3
24.2
Hyundai
28.3
34.4
27.3
29.1
26.9
-
26.9
24.1
19.8
23.8
28.0
29.0
27.1
27.9
22.8
19.0
22.5
-
-
-
22.8
19.0
22.5
27.5
VW
26.0
20.4
21.0
25.6
31.1
21.0
31.0
22.1
-
22.1
26.7
21.1
21.0
26.2
-
-
-
-
22.1
21.1
21.2
-
-
-
-
22.1
21.1
21.2
25.2
Mazda
27.0
24.8
-
26.5
-
-
23.0
20.2
22.0
27.0
24.1
20.2
25.7
20.1
19.2
19.5
-
-
-
20.1
19.2
19.5
25.0
Subaru
22.4
25.5
-
24.4
22.7
-
22.7
-
-
-
22.6
25.5
23.9
-
-
-
-
23.9
-
23.9
-
-
-
-
23.9
23.9
23.9
Kia
30.3
29.6
-
29.8
27.3
22.8
27.2
24.9
18.9
24.2
28.8
28.0
18.9
28.1
21.3
21.3
23.3
18.5
22.8
-
-
-
22.9
18.5
22.5
27.2
Daimler
22.3
20.3
18.8
21.4
19.6
19.6
19.2
-
19.2
22.3
20.0
18.8
21.2
18.4
17.0
17.6
-
-
-
18.4
17.0
17.6
20.0
BMW
24.2
24.2
18.5
23.6
21.5
-
21.5
-
-
-
24.1
24.2
18.5
23.6
-
-
-
-
-
20.0
20.0
-
-
-
-
20.0
20.0
23.0
All
27.1
27.2
24.5
26.5
26.9
20.0
26.8
23.2
22.0
22.8
27.0
26.2
23.8
25.9
21.3
14.8
20.9
17.5
21.6
18.8
19.9
21.7
17.1
17.3
17.5
21.5
17.8
18.9
22.8
84
-------
Figure 29
Manufacturer Adjusted Fuel Economy and Percent Truck by Model Year
GM Toyota Honda Ford Nissan
O
a.
Car
Q.
E
O 20
t 15
E 50%
„ 40%
20%
10%
Truck
Car
Truck
1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005
Chrysler Hyundai VW Kia BMW
O
CL
30
25
CL
I 20
t 15
70%
^ 60%
O
2 50%
». 40%
Truck
1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005
Subaru Daimler Mazda
O
CL
25
Q.
E
O 20
O
? 50%
OJ 20%
CL
10%
Both
Car,
Truck
Both
ruckVT
1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005 1975 1985 1995 2005
85
-------
VIII. References
1. "U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Fuel Economy and Emission Control," November 1972.
2. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy - Trends and Influencing Factors," SAE Paper 730790, Austin and Hellman,
September 1973.
3. "Fuel Economy of the 1975 Models," SAE Paper 740970, Austin and Hellman, October 1974.
4. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy Trends Through 1976," SAE Paper 750957, Austin and Service, October 1975.
5. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1977," SAE Paper 760795, Murrell, Pace, Service, and
Yeager, October 1976.
6. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1978," SAE Paper 780036, Murrell, February 1978.
7. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1979," SAE Paper 790225, Murrell, February 1979.
8. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1980," SAE Paper 800853, Murrell, Foster and Bristor,
June 1980.
9. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1981," SAE Paper 810386, Foster, Murrell and Loos,
February 1981.
10. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy Trends Through 1982," SAE Paper 820300, Cheng, LeBaron, Murrell,
and Loos, February 1982.
11. "Why Vehicles Don't Achieve EPA MPG On the Road and How That Shortfall Can Be Accounted For," SAE
Paper 820791, Hellman and Murrell, June 1982.
12. "Light-Duty Automobile Fuel Economy Trends through 1983," SAE Paper 830544, Murrell, Loos, Heavenrich,
and Cheng, February 1983.
13. "Passenger Car Fuel Economy - Trends Through 1984," SAE Paper 840499, Heavenrich, Murrell, Cheng, and
Loos, February 1984.
14. "Light Truck Fuel Economy - Trends through 1984," SAE Paper 841405, Loos, Cheng, Murrell and
Heavenrich, October 1984.
15. "Light-Duty Automotive Fuel Economy - Trends Through 1985," SAE Paper 850550, Heavenrich, Murrell,
Cheng, and Loos, March 1985.
16. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1986," SAE Paper 860366, Heavenrich, Cheng, and Murrell,
February 1986.
17. "Trends in Alternate Measures of Vehicle Fuel Economy," SAE Paper 861426, Hellman and Murrell,
September 1986.
86
-------
18. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1987," SAE Paper 871088, Heavenrich, Murrell, and Cheng, May
1987.
19. "Light-Duty Automotive Trends Through 1988," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/88-07, Heavenrich and Murrell,
June 1988.
20. "Light-Duty Automotive and Technology Trends Through 1989," U.S. EPA, EPA/AA/CTAB/89-04,
Heavenrich, Murrell, and Hellman, May 1989.
21. "Downward Trend in Passenger Car Fuel Economy—A View of Recent Data," U.S. EPA,
EPA/AA/CTAB/90-01, Murrell and Heavenrich, January 1990.
22. "Options for Controlling the Global Warming Impact from Motor Vehicles," U.S. EPA,
EPA/AA/CTAB/89-08, Heavenrich, Murrell, and Hellman, December 1989.
23. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1990," U.S. EPA,
EPA/AA/CTAB/90-03, Heavenrich and Murrell, June 1990.
24. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1991," U.S. EPA/AA/CTAB/91-02,
Heavenrich, Murrell, and Hellman, May 1991.
25. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1993," U.S. EPA/AA/TDG/93-01,
Murrell, Hellman, and Heavenrich, May 1993.
26. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1996," U.S. EPA/AA/TDSG/96-01,
Heavenrich and Hellman, July 1996.
27. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends through 1999," U.S. EPA420-R-99-018,
Heavenrich and Hellman, September 1999.
28. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2000," U.S. EPA420-R-00-008,
Heavenrich and Hellman, December 2000.
29. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2001," U.S. EPA420-R-01-008,
Heavenrich and Hellman, September 2001.
30. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2003," U.S. EPA420-R-03-006,
Heavenrich and Hellman, April 2003.
31. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2004," U.S. EPA420-R-04-001,
Heavenrich and Hellman, April 2004.
32. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2005," U.S. EPA420-R-05-001,
Robert M. Heavenrich, July 2005.
33. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2006," U.S. EPA420-R-06-011,
Robert M. Heavenrich, July 2006.
87
-------
34. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2007," U.S. EPA420-S-07-
001, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, September 2007.
35. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2008," U.S. EPA420-R-08-
015, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, September 2008.
36. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 Through
2009," U.S. EPA420-R-09-014, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, November 2009.
37. "Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 Through
2010," U.S. EPA-420-R-10-023, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, November 2010.
38. "Concise Description of Auto Fuel Economy in Recent Years," SAE Paper 760045, Malliaris, Hsia and Gould,
February 1976.
39. "Automotive Engine ~ A Future Perspective," SAE Paper 891666, Amann, 1989.
40. "Regression Analysis of Acceleration Performance of Light-Duty Vehicles," DOT HS 807 763, Young,
September 1991.
41. "Determinates of Multiple Measures of Acceleration," SAE Paper 931805, Santini and Anderson, 1993.
-------
Light-Duty Automotive Technology,
Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and
Fuel Economy Trends:
1975 Through 2011
Appendix A
Database Details and Calculation Methods
Transportation and Climate Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NOTICE
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA-420-R-12-001a
March 2012
-------
Harmonically Averaging Fuel Economy Values
Dimensionally, fuel economy is miles divided by gallons. Then, presented with more than one
fuel economy value, an approach to averaging the values is to compute the result by determining the total
miles traveled and dividing that by the total gallons used.
Example: A motorist's fuel economy log for May shows that 704 miles were accumulated around
town in which the fuel economy was 16 mpg, and one 216 mile highway trip was taken on which the fuel
economy was 24 mpg. What is the average fuel economy for May?
The total miles are 704 + 216 = 920. The total gallons thus are 704 / 16 = 44 plus
216 / 24 = 9 or atotal of 53 gallons. The average mpg is 920 / 53 = 17.4 mpg. Notice that the arithmetic
average of the two fuel economy values (16 + 24) / 2 = 20 mpg gives an individual result that is higher
than the total miles/total gallons result.
Even if the around-town miles traveled and the highway trip miles traveled were the same (460
miles), the average fuel economy would not be 20; it would be 19.2 mpg. This is because in the total
miles/total gallons approach, fuel consumption is arithmetically averaged, but fuel economy is
harmonically averaged, so for the second example (equal trip distances), the calculation would be:
Average MPG =
which is the same as arithmetically averaging the two fuel consumption values.
A specific example of this type of averaging approach is shown in the calculation of the overall
average fuel economy using the EPA "city" (MPGC) and EPA "highway" (MPGH) fuel economy values.
Total Miles
Averaqe MPG =
a Total Gallons
Total Miles
City Gallons + Highway Gallons
Total Miles
I City Miles Highway Miles \
( City MPG + Highway MPG )
Now, if city miles are 55 percent of total miles and highway miles are the remaining 45 percent,
after dividing by total miles,
Average MPG =
/ U.55 U.45
(WPG^ + MPGH
A-l
-------
and this average mpg would represent a composite mpg value based on the 55% city/45% highway
driving in this example. This 55% city/45% highway weighting is the metric in this report for laboratory
composite fuel economy values.
The same approach can be used when the average mpg of a group of vehicles with different mpg
values is to be calculated. Suppose a fleet of 100,000 vehicles is made up of two classes, one of 70,000
vehicles whose fuel economy is 10 mpg and the other of 30,000 vehicles whose fuel economy is 14 mpg.
Each vehicle in the fleet is assumed to travel the same number of miles (M),
Total Miles = 100,000 M
70,000 M 30,000 M
Total Gallons = h
10 14
and the average fuel economy is:
1
Average Fuel Economy = —^-=—ppr— = 10.9 mpg
_ + "
10 + 1
where .7 and .3 are the relative shares of each vehicle class in the fleet. Notice that, again, the arithmetic
average of the class fuel economy values (10 + 14)/2 = 12 mpg is higher.
In general, some form of a weighted harmonic mean must be used when averaging different fuel
economy values in order to maintain mathematical integrity.
While fuel economy values (in miles per gallon) must be harmonically averaged to maintain
mathematical integrity, fuel consumption values (in gallons per mile) and carbon dioxide emissions
values (in grams per mile) can be arithmetically averaged.
A-2
-------
Estimated and Final Production Data
Table A-l compares average laboratory 55/45 fuel economy for model years 1998 through 2011
at three points in time:
(1) an initial estimate determined early in the model year using projected production;
(2) for some years, a revised estimate determined by using trade publication sales data
that were obtained after the end of each model year, but before the final CAFE data were
submitted by automakers to the Federal Government; and
(3) final fuel economy values determined from CAFE compliance data provided by the
manufacturers to the Federal Government after the end of the model year.
Historically, the final car plus truck laboratory 55/45 fuel economy values have generally varied
from 0.4 mpg lower to 0.6 mpg higher compared to the original estimates based exclusively on projected
production. But, MY2009 was a very unusual year in this regard. The final car plus truck laboratory
55/45 value for MY2009 was 1.8 mpg higher than the initial estimate for 2009, due to the market turmoil
in MY2009. The final car plus truck adjusted fuel economy value for MY2009 was 1.3 mpg higher than
the initial estimate. For MY 2010, the final car plus truck laboratory and adjusted values were both 0.1
mpg higher than the initial estimates in last year's report.
A-3
-------
Table A-l
Comparison of Laboratory 55/45 MPG
Model Initial Revised
Year Estimate Estimate
Cars 1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Trucks 1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Both 1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
28.6
28.1
28.1
28.3
28.5
29.0
28.7
28.9
28.8
29.4
30.3
30.9
32.7
32.8
20.6
20.3
20.5
20.3
20.4
20.8
20.9
21.3
21.5
22.1
22.5
22.9
23.8
23.6
24.4
23.8
24.0
23.9
24.0
24.4
24.4
24.6
24.6
25.3
26.0
26.4
28.3
28.6
28.6
28.2
28.3
28.3
28.5
28.9
28.9
29.2
29.2
30.3
20.6
20.4
20.5
20.4
20.3
20.9
20.9
21.2
21.9
22.1
24.4
24.0
23.9
24.0
23.9
24.2
24.4
24.6
25.3
25.7
Final
Value
28.5
28.1
28.2
28.4
28.6
28.9
28.9
29.5
29.2
30.3
30.5
32.1
32.3
20.9
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.6
20.9
20.8
21.4
21.8
22.1
22.7
23.8
23.4
24.5
24.1
24.3
24.2
24.1
24.3
24.0
24.8
25.2
25.8
26.3
28.2
28.4
A-4
-------
Use of 3-Year Moving Averages
Use of the three-year moving averages, which effectively smoothes the trends, results in an
improvement in discriminating real trends from what might be relatively small year-to-year variations in
the data. For this report, as shown in Table A-2 (laboratory) and Table A-3 (adjusted), these three-year
moving averages are tabulated at the midpoint. For example, the midpoint for model years 2007, 2008,
and 2009 is MY2008.
Table A-2
Light-Duty Vehicle Laboratory Fuel Economy and Truck Sales Fraction
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
55/45
Car
15.8
17.4
18.3
19.9
20.2
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26.3
26.9
27.8
28.0
28.5
28.1
27.7
27.8
27.4
27.6
27.7
28.0
27.7
27.9
27.9
27.6
27.5
27.6
27.7
28.2
28.1
28.8
28.6
29.5
29.8
31.3
32.3
32.8
Actual Data
Fuel Economy
Truck Both
13.7
14.4
15.6
15.3
14.7
18.6
20.1
20.5
20.8
20.5
20.6
21.5
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
21.2
20.8
21.0
20.7
20.5
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.3
20.7
20.2
20.3
20.6
20.4
21.0
21.3
21.5
22.1
23.0
23.4
23.6
15.3
16.7
17.7
18.6
18.7
22.5
24.1
24.7
24.6
24.6
25.0
25.7
25.9
25.9
25.4
25.2
25.4
24.9
25.1
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.5
24.5
24.1
24.3
24.2
24.1
24.3
24.0
24.8
25.2
25.8
26.3
28.2
28.4
28.6
Truck
Production
Fraction
19.2%
20.9%
19.7%
22.4%
22.1%
16.4%
17.2%
19.5%
22.0%
23.4%
24.7%
27.9%
27.1%
29.0%
29.9%
29.6%
30.4%
31.3%
32.3%
38.1%
35.9%
36.3%
38.5%
40.7%
40.7%
40.3%
38.8%
41.2%
43.4%
45.0%
42.8%
40.0%
38.8%
38.5%
30.8%
35.7%
37.6%
Car
17.2
18.5
19.5
21.2
23.0
24.9
25.7
26.1
26.4
27.0
27.6
28.1
28.2
28.1
27.9
27.6
27.6
27.6
27.8
27.8
27.9
27.9
27.8
27.7
27.6
27.6
27.8
28.0
28.4
28.5
29.0
29.3
30.2
31.2
32.1
Three-Year Moving Average
Truck
55/45 Fuel Economy Production
Truck Both Fraction
14.6
15.1
15.2
16.2
17.8
19.7
20.5
20.6
20.6
20.8
21.2
21.4
21.2
20.9
20.9
20.9
21.0
20.8
20.7
20.7
20.6
20.7
20.5
20.6
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.7
20.9
21.3
21.6
22.2
22.8
23.3
16.6
17.7
18.3
19.9
21.8
23.8
24.5
24.6
24.7
25.1
25.6
25.8
25.8
25.5
25.4
25.2
25.1
24.9
24.8
24.7
24.7
24.6
24.4
24.3
24.2
24.2
24.2
24.1
24.4
24.7
25.3
25.7
26.7
27.6
28.4
19.9%
21.0%
21.4%
20.3%
18.6%
17.7%
19.6%
21.6%
23.4%
25.3%
26.5%
28.0%
28.7%
29.5%
29.9%
30.4%
31.3%
33.9%
35.4%
36.7%
36.9%
38.5%
40.0%
40.6%
40.0%
40.1%
41.1%
43.2%
43.7%
42.6%
40.5%
39.1%
36.0%
35.0%
34.7%
A-5
-------
Table A-3
Light-Duty Vehicle Adjusted Fuel Economy
Cars
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
City
12.3
13.7
14.4
15.5
15.9
18.3
19.6
20.1
19.9
20.2
20.6
21.2
21.2
21.4
20.8
20.4
20.4
19.8
19.9
19.8
19.8
19.5
19.5
19.4
19.1
18.9
18.9
18.9
19.0
18.8
19.2
19.1
19.7
19.9
20.9
21.5
21.7
Actual Data
Highway
15.2
16.6
17.3
19.1
19.2
22.6
24.2
25.5
25.5
25.9
26.7
27.6
27.7
28.1
27.8
27.4
27.4
27.2
27.2
27.4
27.8
27.3
27.3
27.3
26.8
26.5
26.4
26.2
26.7
26.6
26.9
26.8
27.5
27.8
28.9
29.7
30.4
Composite
13.5
14.9
15.6
16.9
17.2
20.0
21.4
22.2
22.1
22.4
23.0
23.7
23.8
24.1
23.6
23.3
23.3
22.9
23.0
23.0
23.2
22.9
22.9
22.9
22.6
22.4
22.4
22.3
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
23.5
23.7
24.8
25.5
25.9
Three-Year Moving Average
City Highway Composite
13.5
14.5
15.3
16.6
17.9
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.2
20.7
21.0
21.2
21.1
20.9
20.5
20.2
20.0
19.8
19.8
19.7
19.6
19.5
19.3
19.1
19.0
18.9
18.9
18.9
19.0
19.0
19.3
19.5
20.1
20.7
21.4
16.4
17.7
18.5
20.3
22.0
24.1
25.1
25.6
26.0
26.7
27.3
27.8
27.8
27.8
27.5
27.3
27.3
27.3
27.5
27.5
27.5
27.3
27.1
26.9
26.6
26.4
26.4
26.5
26.7
26.8
27.1
27.4
28.1
28.8
29.7
14.6
15.8
16.6
18.1
19.6
21.2
21.9
22.2
22.5
23.0
23.5
23.8
23.8
23.7
23.4
23.1
23.0
23.0
23.1
23.0
23.0
22.9
22.8
22.6
22.4
22.4
22.5
22.5
22.7
22.8
23.1
23.3
24.0
24.7
25.4
A-6
-------
Table A-3
Light-Duty Vehicle Adjusted Fuel Economy
Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
City
10.9
11.6
12.7
12.4
12.1
14.8
16.0
16.3
16.5
16.1
16.2
16.8
16.8
16.2
15.9
15.6
15.9
15.4
15.5
15.2
15.0
15.0
14.8
14.8
14.5
14.7
14.3
14.2
14.4
14.1
14.4
14.6
14.7
15.0
15.7
15.9
16.0
Actual Data
Highway
12.7
13.2
14.2
13.7
13.1
17.1
18.6
19.0
19.6
19.3
19.4
20.2
20.5
20.1
19.8
19.8
20.3
19.9
20.1
19.6
19.5
19.8
19.4
19.7
19.1
19.3
18.8
18.8
19.0
18.9
19.4
19.7
19.9
20.5
21.3
21.6
22.0
Composite
11.6
12.3
13.3
13.0
12.5
15.8
17.1
17.4
17.7
17.4
17.5
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.6
17.4
17.8
17.4
17.5
17.2
17.0
17.2
16.9
17.1
16.6
16.9
16.4
16.4
16.6
16.4
16.9
17.1
17.3
17.7
18.4
18.7
18.9
Three-Year Moving Average
City Highway Composite
11.7
12.2
12.4
13.1
14.3
15.7
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.4
16.6
16.6
16.3
15.9
15.8
15.7
15.6
15.4
15.2
15.1
14.9
14.9
14.7
14.7
14.5
14.4
14.3
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.6
14.8
15.1
15.5
15.9
13.3
13.7
13.7
14.6
16.3
18.3
19.1
19.3
19.4
19.6
20.0
20.3
20.1
19.9
19.9
20.0
20.1
19.9
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.7
19.4
19.4
19.1
19.0
18.9
18.9
19.1
19.3
19.7
20.0
20.6
21.1
21.6
12.4
12.8
12.9
13.8
15.1
16.8
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
18.0
18.1
17.9
17.6
17.6
17.5
17.5
17.3
17.2
17.1
17.0
17.1
16.9
16.9
16.6
16.6
16.5
16.5
16.7
16.8
17.1
17.4
17.8
18.3
18.7
A-7
-------
Table A-3
Light-Duty Vehicle Adjusted Fuel Economy
Cars and Trucks
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
City
12.0
13.2
14.0
14.7
14.9
17.6
18.8
19.2
19.0
19.1
19.3
19.8
19.8
19.6
19.1
18.7
18.8
18.2
18.2
17.8
17.7
17.6
17.4
17.2
16.9
16.9
16.8
16.6
16.7
16.3
16.8
17.0
17.4
17.7
18.9
19.1
19.2
Actual Data
Highway
14.6
15.7
16.6
17.5
17.4
21.5
23.1
23.9
23.9
24.0
24.4
25.0
25.3
25.2
24.8
24.6
24.7
24.4
24.4
23.8
24.1
24.0
23.6
23.6
23.1
23.1
22.8
22.5
22.7
22.4
23.1
23.4
24.0
24.4
26.0
26.2
26.6
Composite
13.1
14.2
15.1
15.8
15.9
19.2
20.5
21.1
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.8
22.0
21.9
21.4
21.2
21.3
20.8
20.9
20.4
20.5
20.4
20.2
20.1
19.7
19.8
19.6
19.5
19.6
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.6
21.0
22.4
22.6
22.8
Three-Year Moving Average
City Highway Composite
13.1
14.0
14.5
15.7
17.1
18.6
19.0
19.1
19.1
19.4
19.6
19.7
19.5
19.1
18.9
18.6
18.4
18.1
17.9
17.7
17.6
17.4
17.2
17.0
16.9
16.8
16.7
16.6
16.6
16.7
17.1
17.4
18.0
18.6
19.1
15.7
16.6
17.2
18.8
20.6
22.8
23.6
23.9
24.1
24.5
24.9
25.2
25.1
24.9
24.7
24.6
24.5
24.2
24.1
24.0
23.9
23.8
23.4
23.2
23.0
22.8
22.7
22.6
22.8
23.0
23.5
23.9
24.8
25.5
26.3
14.1
15.0
15.6
17.0
18.5
20.3
20.9
21.0
21.1
21.4
21.7
21.9
21.8
21.5
21.3
21.1
21.0
20.7
20.6
20.4
20.4
20.2
20.0
19.9
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.5
19.6
19.8
20.2
20.6
21.3
22.0
22.6
A-8
-------
Methodology for Adjusted Fuel Economy Values
for Model Years 1986-2011
On December 27, 2006, EPA published regulations that changed the methodology for calculating
the city and highway fuel economy label estimates for new passenger cars and light trucks (71 Federal
Register 77872). This revised methodology provides fuel economy estimates to consumers that better
reflect real world fuel economy. The methodology incorporates test data that directly account for several
important factors that affect fuel economy in the real world, such as high speeds, aggressive accelerations
and decelerations, the use of air conditioning, and operation in cold temperatures, and indirectly account
for a number of other factors that are not reflected in EPA laboratory test data such as changing fuel
composition, road conditions, etc.
These vehicle fuel economy label changes were implemented beginning with the 2008 model
year. For model years 2008-2010, manufacturers had two options for calculating city and highway fuel
economy labels: 1) use vehicle-specific "5-cycle" (Federal Test Procedure for urban stop-and-go driving,
Highway Fuel Economy Test for rural driving, US06 test for high speeds and aggressive driving, SCO3
test for air conditioning operation, and cold FTP test for cold temperature operation) fuel economy test
data in "composite" equations that calculate vehicle-specific city and highway fuel economy values using
weighting factors for data from each of the 5 EPA test cycles, or 2) use an industry-average "mpg-based"
method to derive 5-cycle values, which yields mpg-based adjustments based on a regression of recent 5-
cycle fuel economy data for the industry as a whole, and applied to "2-cycle" fuel economy test results.
Starting with the 2011 models, manufacturers are required to perform an evaluation using 5-cycle tests
conducted for vehicle emissions certification that determines whether the models represented by the
certification vehicle are eligible to use the less resource-intensive mpg-based method for determining
adjusted fuel economy values. The evaluation consists of a comparison of 5-cycle and mpg-based 2-cycle
fuel economy values to determine whether the mpg-based method achieves results comparable to the 5-
cycle method. If the evaluation finds that the 5-cycle method yields significantly lower estimates than the
derived 5-cycle method, then the manufacturer is required to use the 5-cycle method for all models
represented by the emission certification vehicle. Of course, a manufacturer may use the full 5-cycle
method for any vehicles for which it is not required if they believe it produces better fuel economy
results. Although this required evaluation has resulted in more models using the 5-cycle method, they are
still in the minority. In the 2010 model year, before this evaluation was required, about seven percent of
models used the more complex and labor-intensive method, but two years later, in the 2012 model year,
this fraction has doubled to about 14 percent. For more details on the derivation of these options, the
specific equations that allow an automaker to calculate new label values using either the vehicle-specific
5-cycle test data or the industry-average mpg-based derive 5-cycle approach, and the impact of these
changes on average fuel economy label values, see the Preamble to the new regulations (71 Federal
Register 77881-77893).
Beginning with the 2007 Trends report, EPA has made significant changes in how adjusted (ADJ)
fuel economy values for model years 1986 through 2011 are calculated to reflect the revised EPA fuel
economy label methodology. These changes affect every table and figure in this report that involve
adjusted fuel economy data. Accordingly, adjusted fuel economy values for 1986 and later model years
should not be compared with the corresponding values from pre-2007 reports in this series. Specifically,
the adjusted fuel economy values for 1986-2011 in this report differ from those in pre-2007 reports as
explained below.
A-9
-------
• For model years 2005-2011, EPA calculates adjusted fuel economy values for most of the
individual models in the fuel economy trends database using the following city and highway
"mpg-based" equations from the EPA fuel economy labeling rulemaking:
New ADJ CITY =
0.003259 +
LAB CITY
New ADJ HWY =
0.001376+ L3466
LAB HWY
The above equations are not used if a manufacturer chooses the option of providing vehicle-
specific 5-cycle test data for an individual model. In that case, the adjusted fuel economy
values are calculated using equations with weighting factors for the data from the 5-cycle
tests. For MY2011, manufacturers chose this option for a small number of individual models.
Calculating fleetwide adjusted city and highway fuel economy values for a given model year
requires a harmonic, production-weighted average of all of the adjusted city and highway fuel
economy values for individual models.
The above equations yield a greater downward adjustment for higher fuel economy vehicles
than for lower fuel economy vehicles. For example, compared to the older fuel economy
label methodology, a 15 mpg city value will be reduced by an additional 10%, while a 50
mpg city value will be reduced by an additional 18%. Likewise, a 20 mpg highway value
will be reduced by an additional 7%, while a 50 mpg highway value will be reduced by an
additional 11%. EPA projected an overall average fleetwide adjustment of 11% lower for
city fuel economy and 8% lower for highway fuel economy, beyond that in the older label
adjustment methodology that has been used in pre-2007 reports in this series. These factors
can be used to convert older adjusted fuel economy values to the newer adjusted fuel
economy values for the current fleet as a whole, but would not be appropriate factors to use
for individual models or for a future fleet with different mpg characteristics.
This report seldom uses separate city and highway fuel economy values, but typically uses
the composite city/highway fuel economy value. Pre-2007 reports used a 55% city/45%
highway weighting for adjusted composite fuel economy values, the same weighting used for
laboratory composite values and for the CAFE compliance program. The analysis of real
world driving activity underlying the newer fuel economy label methodology assumed a
"speed cutpoint" of 45 miles per hour to differentiate between city and highway driving (71
Federal Register 77904). Based on this speed cutpoint, the correct weighting for correlating
the new city and highway fuel economy values with real world driving, on a miles driven
basis, is 43% city/57% highway. Accordingly, the 43% city/57% highway weighting is now
used for all adjusted composite city/highway fuel economy values in this report beginning
with the 2005 model year (note that the historic 55% city/45% highway weighting is still used
for both CAFE compliance and fuel economy labels).
A-10
-------
The appropriate fleetwide factors to convert laboratory or older adjusted fuel economy values
to the newer adjusted fuel economy values are dependent on the city fuel economy-to-
highway fuel economy ratios in the fleet. On average, for the current fleet, combining the
11% lower adjustment for city fuel economy, the 8% lower adjustment for highway fuel
economy, and the shift to the 43% city/57% highway weighting, the newer adjustment for
city/highway composite fuel economy values is 6% lower than that used in the older label
adjustment methodology. This 6% lower value is the average impact for a fleet with the mpg
and city fuel economy-to-highway fuel economy characteristics of the current fleet, and
would not be the appropriate value for individual models, partial fleet segments, or for future
fleets with different mpg and city fuel economy-to-highway fuel economy distributions.
• For model years 1986 through 2004, EPA calculates adjusted fuel economy values based on
the assumption that the impacts of the factors that have led to lower real world fuel economy
have occurred in a gradual (i.e., linear) manner over the 20 years from 1986 through 2005.
On April 6, 1984, EPA published regulations that established the older fuel economy label
adjustment factors of 0.9 for city fuel economy and 0.78 for highway fuel economy that took
effect for model year 1985 vehicles (49 Federal Register 13832). EPA believes that these
adjustment factors were appropriate through the 1985 model year. EPA has not attempted to
perform a year-by-year analysis to determine the extent to which the many relevant factors
(including highway speed limits, more aggressive driving, vehicle horsepower-to-weight
ratio, suburbanization, congestion, use of air conditioning, gasoline composition, et al) that
have affected real world fuel economy since 1985 have changed over time. Rather, EPA has
made the simplifying, but we think reasonable, assumption that the collective impact of these
changes has been a linearly increasing impact over the 20 years from 1986 through 2005.
Using the equations shown above for individual models, EPA has assumed 1/20 of the fully
phased-in downward adjustment for city and highway values would be reflected in the 1986
data, 2/20 of this adjustment would be reflected in the 1987 data, etc., up to 19/20 of this
adjustment in 2004 and the full adjustment in 2005 and later years. Likewise, EPA has
assumed the 55/45 city/highway weighting changes to a 43/57 city/highway weighting in a
linear fashion over the 1986 to 2005 time period as well. As discussed above, the average
fleetwide composite city/highway fuel economy values for 2005-2011 are 6% lower than the
composite city/highway fuel economy value calculated with the older adjustment factors.
To generate precise adjusted city, highway, or composite fuel economy values for individual
models or for future fleetwide averages with different mpg or city fuel economy-to-highway fuel
economy ratios than the current fleet, it is essential to use the above equations to calculate adjusted city
and highway fuel economy values for individual models, then use the 43% city/57% highway weighting
to generate an adjusted composite fuel economy value for individual models, and then calculate the
harmonically production-weighted average of the individual models to yield the average composite fuel
economy for the fleet as a whole. Alternatively, for a first-order estimate of generic fleetwide factors that
one could use to convert values from the historic fuel economy trends database to the newer adjusted fuel
economy levels, see the factors in Table A-4, which are based on the mpg and city fuel economy-to-
highway fuel economy characteristics of the current fleet. For example, the industry-wide adjusted
composite city/highway fuel economy value for model year 1986 in this year's report, which will be
reported as ADJ COMP, is about .997 (1.0 minus 0.003, where 0.003 equals 0.3%, and the latter is equal
to 6% divided by 20) times the adjusted composite city/highway fuel economy value, or ADJ 55/45, from
pre-2007 reports in this series. Likewise, the same industry-wide ADJ COMP value for 1986 can be
approximated by multiplying the laboratory composite 55/45 value for 1986 by 0.851. The industry-wide
A-ll
-------
ADJ COMP fuel economy values for model years 2005-2011 in this year's report are all equal to 0.80
times the laboratory composite 55/45 values.
It is important to note that the above discussion, as well as all the data in this report, is focused on
new model year vehicle fleets, i.e., the data for a MY2000 vehicle is most directly relevant for that
vehicle operated on the road in calendar year 2000. Because most (though not all) of the real world
factors reflected in this methodology are relatively independent of vehicle design, the best approximation
of the adjusted fuel economy of a used MY2000 vehicle in calendar year 2011 would be to use the 2011
factors in Table A-4.
Table A-5 provides a comparison of adjusted composite fuel economy values, for cars and trucks
combined, using both the older fuel economy label methodology that has been used in pre-2007 reports in
this series as well as the newer fuel economy label methodology described above and used in 2007 and
later reports.
No changes have been made in the way EPA calculates adjusted fuel economy values for 1975-
1985. For these model years, EPA still uses the 0.9 city/0.78 highway fuel economy adjustments
established in 1984, along with the 55% city/45% highway weighting factor. EPA believes that this
methodology was appropriate for the late 1970s and early 1980s and is not making any changes to
adjusted fuel economy values for 1975 through 1985.
No changes have been made in the laboratory (LAB) fuel economy values in this report. The
laboratory city value remains the fuel economy value over the EPA Federal Test Procedure, the laboratory
highway value remains the fuel economy value over the EPA Highway Fuel Economy Test, and the
laboratory 55/45 is a weighted value of these two tests, with a 55% weighting of the Federal Test
Procedure and a 45% weighting of the Highway Fuel Economy Test. The laboratory 55/45 values are
used for CAFE compliance, in conjunction with alternative fuel vehicle credits and test procedure
adjustments. Because the underlying methodology for generating and reporting the laboratory fuel
economy values have not changed since this series began in the mid-1970s, these values provide an
excellent basis with which to compare long-term fuel economy trends from the perspective of vehicle
design, apart from the factors that affect real world fuel economy that are reflected in the adjusted fuel
economy values.
Finally, this same methodology for including real world factors in the adjusted fuel economy
values is also reflected in the adjusted carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions data as well. As discussed in
Section IV, EPA back-calculated all CO2 emissions values in this report from corresponding fuel
economy values in the historical Trends database. Accordingly, the adjusted CO2 emissions values
explicitly account for the above methodology for 1986 and later model years.
A-12
-------
Table A-4
Approximate Factors for Converting Industry-Wide Fuel Economy Values from Previous
Reports to the New Fuel Economy Values in this 2011 Report
Factors to convert
older ADJ to new ADJ
CITY HWY 55/45
1975-1985
1986
1987
1998
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005 - 2011
1.000
0.995
0.989
0.984
0.978
0.973
0.967
0.962
0.956
0.951
0.945
0.940
0.934
0.929
0.923
0.918
0.912
0.907
0.901
0.896
0.890
1.000
0.996
0.992
0.988
0.984
0.980
0.976
0.972
0.968
0.964
0.960
0.956
0.952
0.948
0.944
0.940
0.936
0.932
0.928
0.924
0.920
1.000
0.997
0.994
0.991
0.988
0.985
0.982
0.979
0.976
0.973
0.970
0.967
0.964
0.961
0.958
0.955
0.952
0.949
0.946
0.943
0.940
Factors to convert
LAB to new ADJ
CITY HWY 55/45
0.900
0.895
0.890
0.885
0.880
0.875
0.870
0.865
0.860
0.855
0.850
0.845
0.840
0.835
0.830
0.825
0.820
0.815
0.810
0.805
0.800
0.780
0.777
0.774
0.771
0.768
0.765
0.762
0.759
0.756
0.753
0.750
0.747
0.744
0.741
0.738
0.735
0.732
0.729
0.726
0.723
0.720
0.854
0.851
0.849
0.846
0.843
0.841
0.838
0.835
0.832
0.830
0.827
0.824
0.822
0.819
0.816
0.814
0.811
0.808
0.805
0.803
0.800
Important Notes for Table A-4:
1. Multiplying the factors above times the appropriate values from pre-2007 reports approximates the
newer adjusted (ADJ) fuel economy values in this 2011 report. Also, these factors can be used "in
reverse" to convert new adjusted fuel economy values in this report to corresponding old adjusted fuel
economy values or to corresponding laboratory fuel economy values, e.g., dividing an adjusted, combined
city/highway MY 2011 fuel economy value in this report by .940 would yield a corresponding adjusted
fuel economy value based on the methodology used in pre-2007 reports.
2. These factors are first-order approximations relevant only for industry-wide fuel economy values for
the 1986 through 2011 timeframe.
3. Precise estimates for individual models require the use of the mpg-based equations for ADJ CITY and
ADJ HWY provided above as well as a linear phase-in, over the 1986 to 2005 time period, for both the
mpg-based equations and the change from a 55/45 city/highway weighting to a 43/57 city/highway
weighting.
4. These approximations would yield the largest error for individual models or fleets with high mpg
and/or high city fuel economy-to-highway fuel economy ratios.
A-13
-------
Table A-5
Comparison of "Old" and "New" Adjusted Composite Fuel Economy Values,
for Cars and Trucks Combined, for 2003-2011
Cars and Trucks Combined
Model
Year
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
"Old"
Adjusted
Composite
20.8
20.5
21.2
21.5
22.0
22.4
24.1
24.3
24.5
"New"
Adjusted
Composite
19.6
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.6
21.0
22.4
22.6
22.8
Important Notes for Table A-5:
1. "Old" adjusted composite fuel economy values are based on the EPA fuel economy label
methodology used in previous reports in this series, i.e., 10% downward city adjustment, 22% downward
highway adjustment, and a 55% city/45% highway weighting factor.
2. "New" adjusted composite fuel economy values are based on the new EPA fuel economy label
methodology, applicable to MY2011 vehicles and used for the first time in the 2007 report and described
in the previous section.
3. The "new" adjusted composite fuel economy values for cars and trucks combined are approximately
6% lower than the "old" adjusted composite fuel economy values for cars and trucks combined. For cars
only, the "new" adjusted composite fuel economy values would be more than 6% lower than the "old"
values, while for trucks only, the "new" adjusted composite fuel economy values would be less than 6%
lower than the "old" values.
A-14
-------
Comparison of EPA and NHTSA Data, 1975-2011
Table A-6 compares CAFE performance data reported by the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration ("Summary of Fuel Economy Performance" report dated October 28, 2011 and available
at www.nhtsa.gov) with the adjusted and unadjusted (laboratory) composite fuel economy data in this
report. The NHTSA values in Table A-6 are generally higher than the EPA laboratory values due to
differences in alternative fuel credits, test procedure adjustment factors for cars, and, for years prior to
MY 2011, some minor differences in vehicle classification. In recent years for which both Agencies
report final data, the NHTSA values are typically 0.6-1.Ompg higher than the EPA values. For MY2011,
the preliminary NHTSA value is 1.0 mpg higher than the preliminary EPA value. These preliminary
projections are based on different data sets. The EPA value is based on automaker submissions in the
spring and summer of 2010 to support vehicle fuel economy labels. The NHTSA value is based on
automaker estimates provided in pre-model year CAFE reports later in 2010. Final MY2011 results will
be reported in next year's report.
The EPA car and truck fuel economy values shown in Table A-6 for years prior to MY 2011
differ from the values found elsewhere in this report. For the 2011 report, EPA reclassified most small, 2
wheel drive SUVs from trucks to cars for the entire MY 1975-2011 database. This reflects a regulatory
change made by NHTSA for CAFE standards beginning in MY 2011 and which will apply for the joint
EPA/NHTSA greenhouse gas emissions and CAFE standards that have been finalized for MY 2012-2016
and proposed for MY 2017-2025. These changes were not in effect for years prior to MY 2011, and
accordingly NHTSA's CAFE fuel economy values prior to MY 2011 are based on the previous car and
truck definitions. To enable a comparison to these values the car and truck values in table A-6 were
calculated using the previous car and truck definitions, which is not consistent with the rest of this report.
While the individual car and truck numbers in Table A-6 are unique, the car and truck definitions do not
affect the overall manufacturer fuel economy values, which are consistent with the rest of this report.
A-15
-------
Table A-6
EPA Adjusted, Laboratory, and NHTSA CAFE Fuel Economy Values by Model Year
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
EPA
Adj.
13.5
14.9
15.6
16.9
17.2
20.0
21.4
22.2
22.1
22.4
23.0
23.7
23.8
24.1
23.7
23.3
23.4
23.1
23.5
23.3
23.4
23.3
23.4
23.4
23.0
22.9
23.0
23.1
23.2
23.1
23.5
23.3
24.1
24.3
25.4
25.8
25.9
Cars
EPA NHTSA
Unadj. (CAFE)
15.8
17.5
18.3
19.9
20.3
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26.3
27.0
27.9
28.1
28.6
28.1
27.8
28.0
27.6
28.2
28.0
28.3
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.2
28.2
28.4
28.6
28.9
28.9
29.5
29.2
30.3
30.5
32.1
32.7
32.8
n/a
n/a
n/a
19.9
20.3
24.3
25.9
26.6
26.4
26.9
27.6
28.2
28.5
28.8
28.4
28.0
28.4
27.9
28.4
28.3
28.6
28.5
28.7
28.8
28.3
28.5
28.8
29.0
29.5
29.5
30.3
30.1
31.2
31.5
32.9
33.9
33.8
Diff.
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
0.8
1.2
1.0
EPA
Adj.
11.6
12.2
13.3
12.9
12.5
15.8
17.1
17.4
17.8
17.4
17.5
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.6
17.4
17.8
17.4
17.5
17.2
17.0
17.2
17.0
17.1
16.7
16.9
16.7
16.7
16.9
16.7
17.2
17.5
17.7
18.2
19.0
19.1
18.9
Trucks
EPA NHTSA
Unadj. (CAFE)
13.7
14.4
15.6
15.2
14.7
18.6
20.1
20.5
20.9
20.5
20.6
21.4
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
21.3
20.8
21.0
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.9
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.6
20.9
20.8
21.4
21.8
22.1
22.7
23.8
23.8
23.6
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
18.2
18.5
20.1
20.5
20.7
20.6
20.7
21.5
21.7
21.3
21.0
20.8
21.3
20.8
21.0
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.6
21.0
20.9
21.3
20.9
21.4
21.8
21.5
22.1
22.5
23.1
23.6
24.8
25.2
24.5
Diff.
3.5
-0.1
-0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.8
0.9
0.7
0.7
0.7
1.0
0.9
1.0
1.4
0.9
EPA
Adj.
13.1
14.2
15.1
15.8
15.9
19.2
20.5
21.1
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.8
22.0
21.9
21.4
21.2
21.3
20.8
20.9
20.4
20.5
20.4
20.1
20.1
19.7
19.8
19.6
19.5
19.6
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.6
21.0
22.4
22.6
22.8
Both Cars and Trucks
EPA NHTSA
Unadj. (CAFE)
15.3
16.7
17.7
18.6
18.7
22.5
24.1
24.7
24.6
24.6
25.0
25.7
25.9
25.9
25.4
25.2
25.4
24.9
25.1
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.5
24.5
24.1
24.3
24.2
24.1
24.3
24.0
24.8
25.2
25.8
26.3
28.2
28.4
28.6
n/a
n/a
n/a
19.9
20.1
23.1
24.6
25.1
24.8
25.0
25.4
25.9
26.2
26.0
25.6
25.4
25.6
25.1
25.2
24.7
24.9
24.9
24.6
24.7
24.5
24.8
24.5
24.7
25.1
24.6
25.4
25.8
26.6
27.1
29.0
29.3
29.6
Diff.
1.3
1.4
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.0
A-16
-------
Comparison of EPA and NHTSA Data for MY2010 by Manufacturer
The primary differences between EPA unadjusted laboratory fuel economy data and NHTSA
CAFE values are flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) credits that are available to manufacturers that produce
vehicles capable of operation on an alternative fuel (generally a blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15
percent gasoline), and test procedure adjustment (TPA) credits that apply to manufacturers of passenger
cars.
Table A-7 shows a detailed MY2010 comparison, for the thirteen highest-volume manufacturers,
of the EPA laboratory fuel economy values from this report and final NHTSA CAFE values based on the
year end fuel economy report data provided to EPA and NHTSA by automakers (MY2010 is the last year
for which NHTSA has published final CAFE values). This table shows how EPA laboratory values, FFV
credits, and TPA credits "add up" to CAFE values.
It is important to emphasize that while the values in Table A-7 add up for most manufacturers, in
some cases rounding differences can lead to slight discrepancies. In order to be consistent with NHTSA
CAFE reports for MY 2010, Saab is included in the GM data for Table A-7, but is not included with GM
anywhere else in the report.
The EPA car and truck fuel economy numbers shown in Table A-7 differ from the values found
elsewhere in this report. For the 2011 report, EPA reclassified most small, 2 wheel drive SUVs from
trucks to cars for the entire MY 1975-2011 database. This reflects a regulatory change made by NHTSA
for CAFE standards beginning in MY 2011 and which will apply for the joint EPA/NHTSA greenhouse
gas emissions and CAFE standards that have been finalized for MY 2012-2016 and proposed for MY
2017-2025. These changes were not in effect for MY 2010, and accordingly NHTSA's CAFE fuel
economy numbers for MY 2010 are based on the previous car and truck definitions. To enable a
comparison to these values the EPA car and truck values in table A-7 were calculated using the previous
car and truck definitions, which is not consistent with the rest of this report. While the individual car and
truck numbers in Table A-7 are unique, the car and truck definitions do not affect the overall
manufacturer fuel economy values, which are consistent with the rest of this report (see Table 29).
The FFV credit values in Table A-7 for the truck column were obtained directly from EPA's fuel
economy compliance program (trucks are not eligible for TPA credits). The FFV and TPA credits for the
car columns were generated by weighting the values for domestic cars and import cars by the NHTSA
sales for each car category (see cite below). The FFV and TPA credit values for the combined car and
truck columns were generated using the car and truck sales from the NHTSA report. For MY2010, four
manufacturers earned FFV credits for cars and six manufacturers did so for trucks. All thirteen
manufacturers were eligible for the TPA credits for cars.
All of the NHTSA CAFE values in Table A-7 were taken or generated from the October 28, 2011
NHTSA report "Summary of Fuel Economy Performance" available at www.nhtsa.gov. The car values
were generated from the NHTSA fuel economy and production data for the separate domestic car and
import car CAFE categories. The truck values were taken directly from the NHTSA report. The
combined car and truck values were generated from the NHTSA fuel economy and production data for
the separate domestic car, import car, and light truck CAFE categories. While there are no CAFE
standards for combined cars and trucks, this column is shown for illustrative purposes.
A-17
-------
Table A-7
Comparison of MY2010 EPA Laboratory and Final NHTSA CAFE Values
by Manufacturer
Manufacturer
General Motors
(includes Saab)
Toyota
Ford
Honda
Chrysler
Nissan
Hyundai
Volkswagen
BMW
Kia
Daimler
Subaru
Mazda
EPA
LAB
29.6
39.4
31.1
35.6
27.8
33.6
35.9
33.1
28.5
36.1
24.7
30.2
33.4
Passenger Car
FFV TPA
Credit Credit
1.2
0.0
1.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.4
NHTSA
CAFE
31.0
39.8
32.6
36.0
28.3
34.0
36.3
33.3
28.8
36.6
26.1
30.4
33.8
EPA
LAB
24.3
25.4
22.9
26.8
23.1
23.8
30.0
25.2
23.6
25.7
21.4
29.6
26.6
Light Truck
FFV TPA
Credit Credit
1.2 0.0
0.7 0.0
1.2 0.0
0.0 0.0
1.2 0.0
1.1 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0
NHTSA
CAFE
25.5
26.1
24.1
26.8
24.3
24.9
30.0
25.2
23.5
25.7
21.4
29.6
26.7
EPA
LAB
26.5
32.4
25.6
31.5
24.4
29.4
34.4
31.7
27.6
34.5
23.6
29.8
30.9
Both Cars and Trucks
FFV TPA NHTSA
Credit Credit CAFE
1.2
0.4
1.2
0.0
1.0
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
27.7
33.0
26.9
31.7
25.4
30.1
34.7
31.8
27.8
34.9
24.4
29.8
31.2
* Final MY2010 CAFE values are based on manufacturer reports to EPA and NHTSA summarized in
"Summary of Fuel Economy Performance" dated October 28, 2011 and available at www.nhtsa.gov
A-18
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Model Name
Daimler Smart fortwo (CABRIOLET)
Daimler Smart fortwo (COUPE)
Honda CR-Z
VW TT ROADSTER QUATTRO
Mazda MX-5
Porsche Boxster
Porsche Boxster S
Lotus Elise / Exige
Porsche Boxster Spyder
Porsche Cayman
Porsche Cayman S
BMW Z4 sDrive30i
Porsche 911 Speedster
Nissan 370Z
Daimler SLK 300
Daimler SLK 3 50
BMWZ4sDrive35i
Nissan 370Z ROADSTER
BMW Z4 sDrive35is
Porsche 91 1 GT2 RS
GM CORVETTE
Porsche 911 GT3
Daimler SL 550
Aston Martin V8 Vantage S
Spyker C8 Aileron
Porsche 91 1 GT3 RS
Daimler SLS AMG
Aston Martin V8 Vantage
VW Gallardo Coupe
VW Gallardo Spyder
Daimler SL 63 AMG
VW Continental Supersports
Daimler SL 65 AMG
VW R8 Spyder
VWR8
Aston Martin V12 Vantage
VW Veyron
Toyota iQ
BMW Mini Cooper
BMW Mini Convertible
BMW Mini Cooper S Convertible
BMW Mini Cooper S
BMW Mini John Cooper Works
BMW Mini John Cooper Works Conv
Mitsubishi ECLIPSE SPYDER
Porsche 911 Carrera Cabriolet
Porsche 911 Carrera
Porsche 911 Carrera S Cabriolet
Porsche 91 1 Carrera 4S Targa
Porsche 91 1 GTS Cabriolet
Porsche 91 1 Carrera 4S Cabriolet
Porsche 911 Carrera S
Porsche 91 1 Carrera 4 Cabriolet
Porsche 911 Carrera 4
Porsche 911 Carrera 4 Targa
Porsche 911 GTS
Porsche 911 Carrera 4S
Lotus Evora
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
49.5
49.5
49.1
33.3
31.1
29.9
29.5
29.9
29.4
29.2
29.1
28.5
28.0
27.6
27.3
27.3
26.9
26.7
25.1
24.2
23.3
21.0
20.6
20.6
20.6
20.3
20.1
20.0
19.0
18.9
18.2
17.8
17.6
17.8
17.6
16.8
12.5
51.5
42.4
40.6
39.2
39.2
37.2
37.2
28.2
27.9
27.8
27.8
27.7
27.6
27.6
27.7
27.3
27.4
27.3
27.3
27.3
26.0
Adj
City
33.4
33.4
34.0
22.3
21.1
19.6
19.3
20.4
19.4
19.3
19.2
18.5
18.5
18.3
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.9
16.8
16.1
15.0
13.9
13.6
13.5
13.8
13.6
13.5
13.4
12.9
12.8
11.9
11.7
11.6
11.9
11.8
11.2
8.2
35.2
28.3
27.1
26.1
26.1
24.9
24.9
18.9
18.5
18.6
18.4
18.4
18.3
18.3
18.5
18.2
18.3
18.2
18.3
18.2
17.2
Adj
Hwy
40.5
40.5
38.7
30.0
27.7
28.5
28.2
26.7
27.7
27.8
27.7
28.3
26.5
26.0
25.8
25.3
25.3
24.9
23.6
23.2
24.3
20.6
20.6
20.8
19.8
19.8
19.4
19.5
18.3
18.2
18.8
18.2
18.1
17.4
17.4
16.6
13.1
41.0
36.8
35.3
34.7
34.7
33.0
33.0
26.3
26.5
26.1
26.3
26.3
26.1
26.2
25.9
25.8
25.6
25.8
25.6
25.6
25.2
Adj
Comp
37.1
37.1
36.5
26.1
24.4
23.9
23.6
23.5
23.4
23.4
23.3
23.0
22.4
22.1
21.9
21.7
21.5
21.3
20.1
19.5
19.2
17.1
16.9
16.9
16.7
16.5
16.3
16.3
15.5
15.4
15.0
14.7
14.6
14.6
14.4
13.8
10.4
38.3
32.6
31.3
30.4
30.4
28.9
28.9
22.5
22.3
22.2
22.2
22.2
22.1
22.1
22.1
21.9
21.9
21.9
21.8
21.8
21.0
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-l
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Model Name
Porsche 911 Turbo S Coupe
Porsche 911 Turbo Coupe
Porsche 911 Turbo S Cabriolet
Porsche 911 Turbo Cabriolet
Jaguar Jaguar XK
Jaguar Jaguar XK Convertible
Aston Martin DB9
Aston Martin DBS
Ford Fiesta SFE FWD
Ford Fiesta FWD
Toyota YAMS
BMW Mini Clubman
Honda CIVIC
BMW Mini Cooper S Clubman
Toyota xD
GM AVEO 5
BMW Mini John Cooper Works Clubman
VW A5 Cabriolet
VW TT COUPE QUATTRO
Nissan ALTIMA COUPE
VWEOS
Toyota IS 250/IS 250C
VW A5 QUATTRO
VW A5 Cabriolet quattro
Ford MUSTANG CONVERTIBLE
Hyundai GENESIS COUPE
Mitsubishi ECLIPSE
Toyota IS 350/IS 350C
BMW 335Ci
BMW 335Ci Convertible
Toyota IS 250 AWD
BMW 328Ci
BMW 128i
Volvo C70 FWD
Spyker 9-3 CONVERTIBLE
BMW 135i
BMW 335Ci xDrive
Ford MUSTANG
BMW 128Ci Convertible
Nissan G37 COUPE
BMW 135i Convertible
BMW 328Ci Convertible
Nissan G37x COUPE
Toyota IS 3 50 AWD
BMW 328Ci xDrive
Daimler E 350 Coupe
Nissan G37 CONVERTIBLE
Daimler E 350 (CONVERTIBLE)
BMW 335is Convertible
BMW 335is Coupe
VW S5 Cabriolet
Mazda RX-8
Toyota IS F
Daimler E 5 50 (COUPE)
VWS5
Daimler E 550 (CONVERTIBLE)
Ford Roush Stage 3 Mustang
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.1
24.9
24.3
24.3
23.9
23.3
19.4
17.5
44.9
43.7
42.0
40.5
39.0
39.1
39.3
37.8
37.2
34.1
33.3
32.6
32.3
32.1
31.1
30.8
29.7
29.3
29.5
29.4
29.0
29.0
29.2
28.5
28.5
28.5
28.4
28.2
27.8
27.5
27.3
27.4
27.4
27.1
26.6
26.7
26.4
26.2
26.0
25.7
25.5
25.3
24.8
24.0
23.8
22.9
22.8
22.3
22.2
Adj
City
16.5
16.5
15.9
16.0
15.7
15.6
12.9
11.6
29.5
29.0
28.8
27.1
25.4
26.0
26.7
25.1
24.9
22.9
22.3
21.8
21.6
21.2
20.7
20.6
19.2
19.0
19.7
19.7
19.0
19.0
19.7
18.5
18.5
18.6
18.8
18.7
18.4
17.9
17.8
18.2
18.1
17.6
17.7
17.9
17.4
17.1
17.2
17.0
17.0
16.9
16.3
16.3
15.8
15.1
15.3
14.8
14.6
Adj
Hwy
24.6
24.0
24.3
24.0
23.5
22.2
19.4
17.6
39.6
37.9
34.7
35.3
35.8
34.5
33.4
34.0
33.0
30.5
30.0
29.7
29.6
29.9
28.6
28.3
29.5
28.8
27.4
27.1
27.9
27.9
26.6
28.3
28.2
27.8
27.0
26.5
26.5
27.2
26.9
26.1
26.1
26.7
25.2
24.9
25.7
25.8
25.1
25.0
24.2
24.0
24.4
22.3
23.1
22.8
21.8
22.0
22.0
Adj
Comp
20.3
20.1
19.8
19.7
19.4
18.8
15.9
14.4
34.5
33.5
31.9
31.3
30.5
30.3
30.2
29.5
28.9
26.7
26.1
25.7
25.5
25.4
24.6
24.4
24.0
23.6
23.5
23.3
23.3
23.3
23.1
23.0
23.0
23.0
22.8
22.5
22.3
22.2
22.0
22.0
21.9
21.9
21.3
21.3
21.3
21.2
21.0
20.8
20.5
20.3
20.1
19.2
19.2
18.7
18.4
18.2
18.1
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-2
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Model Name
Nissan GT-R
BMW M3 Coupe
BMW M3 Convertible
Fiat GRANTURISMO
Aston Martin Rapide
Fiat Granturismo Convertible
VW Continental Supersports Convt
VW Continental GTC
Honda CIVIC HYBRID
Honda INSIGHT
Toyota CT 200h
Toyota HS 250h
Kia RIO
Hyundai ACCENT
Hyundai ACCENT BLUE
Mazda MAZDA2
Toyota COROLLA
BMW Mini Cooper Countryman
GM AVEO
Ford FOCUS FWD
VWGOLF
BMW Mini Cooper S Countryman
BMW 335d
Suzuki SX4 SEDAN
Kia FORTE KOUP
Mitsubishi LANCER
BMW Mini Cooper S Countryman A114
VW Jetta
Mazda MAZDA3
Suzuki KIZASHI S
VWA4
Toyota 1C
Suzuki SX4 Sport / Anniversary Edition
Suzuki KIZASHI
Suzuki KIZASHI S AWD
Honda TSX
Honda ACCORD 2DR COUPE
VWGTI
Suzuki KIZASHI AWD
VWCC
Volvo S40 FWD
Volvo C30 FWD
VW A4 QUATTRO
Toyota GS 450h
Chrysler 200 Convertible
Spyker 9-3 SPORT SEDAN
BMW 33 5i
BMW 328i
Subaru IMPREZA AWD
BMW 335i xDrive
Spyker 9-3 SEDAN AWD
Volvo S60 AWD
Daimler C 300
GM CAMARO
BMW 328i xDrive
Daimler C 300 4MATIC
VWS4
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
22.4
20.7
20.2
19.6
19.2
18.9
17.3
16.7
58.8
57.1
57.5
47.3
40.5
40.3
39.9
39.9
39.4
38.8
37.9
37.6
37.2
37.9
36.0
37.0
36.1
36.3
36.0
34.9
34.3
34.0
34.1
33.9
34.0
33.8
33.4
32.8
32.6
32.9
32.7
32.2
31.2
31.0
31.1
30.8
29.1
29.1
29.0
28.5
28.4
27.8
27.2
27.6
27.0
26.4
26.4
26.2
26.0
Adj
City
15.2
13.8
13.5
12.9
12.7
12.3
11.3
10.9
40.2
40.1
42.3
35.3
27.1
26.8
26.4
27.3
26.3
26.5
25.1
24.9
24.3
25.9
22.7
25.0
24.0
24.4
24.7
23.1
22.9
22.6
22.9
22.6
23.0
22.8
22.5
21.6
21.2
21.9
22.1
21.2
20.4
20.4
20.8
21.9
18.8
19.0
19.0
18.5
19.3
18.4
17.6
18.5
17.9
17.0
17.4
17.5
17.2
Adj
Hwy
21.0
20.4
19.8
20.0
19.2
19.7
17.9
17.3
45.3
42.6
40.0
33.6
35.3
35.3
35.6
33.4
34.5
32.9
34.0
34.0
34.4
32.2
36.1
32.1
32.7
32.2
30.8
32.0
31.0
31.1
30.5
30.7
30.0
30.1
29.6
30.8
31.3
30.2
29.1
30.1
29.8
29.6
28.6
25.3
28.9
28.4
27.9
28.3
25.6
26.5
27.3
25.6
25.6
26.8
25.7
24.7
24.9
Adj
Comp
18.0
16.9
16.5
16.2
15.8
15.6
14.3
13.8
42.9
41.5
41.0
34.3
31.2
31.1
31.0
30.5
30.4
29.8
29.5
29.4
29.2
29.2
28.8
28.6
28.3
28.3
27.8
27.4
26.9
26.7
26.7
26.6
26.5
26.4
26.1
26.0
26.0
25.9
25.6
25.5
24.9
24.8
24.6
23.8
23.5
23.4
23.3
23.0
22.4
22.3
22.1
22.0
21.6
21.5
21.3
21.0
20.9
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-3
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Model Name
Chrysler Challenger
Daimler C 3 50
VW CC 4MOTION
Mitsubishi LANCER EVOLUTION
Daimler CL 550 4MATIC
Daimler CL 63 AMG
Chrysler Challenger SRT8
Daimler CLS 550
BMW M3 Sedan
Daimler C 63 AMG
Daimler CL 65 AMG
Daimler CLS 63 AMG
Daimler CL 600
BMW Phantom Coupe
BMW Phantom Drophead Coupe
Toyota PRIUS
Hyundai SONATA HYBRID
Ford FUSION HYBRID FWD
Ford MILAN HYBRID FWD
Ford MKZ HYBRID FWD
Kia OPTIMA HYBRID
Hyundai ELANTRA
Toyota CAMRY HYBRID
GM CRUZE ECO
Kia FORTE ECO
Nissan SENTRA
Kia FORTE
GM CRUZE
Nissan VERSA
Kia OPTIMA
Nissan ALTIMA
Ford MILAN FWD
Daimler E 350 BLUETEC
Ford FUSION FWD
GM MALIBU
Ford FUSION S FWD
Ford MILAN S FWD
BMW 528i
Toyota CAMRY
Subaru LEGACY AWD
Mitsubishi GALANT
Mazda MAZDA6
BMW 535i
Chrysler Avenger
Nissan G25
VWA6
Chrysler 200
BMW 53 5i xDrive
GM REGAL
Ford FUSION FWD FFV
Ford MILAN FWD FFV
Nissan G25x
Spyker 9-5 SEDAN
GMSTS
Toyota ES 3 50
Nissan MAXIMA
GM LACROSSE
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.6
25.8
24.8
24.6
23.3
21.9
21.2
21.1
20.7
19.1
18.3
18.0
17.8
17.3
17.3
70.8
52.2
54.2
54.2
54.2
50.6
44.4
45.9
40.5
40.7
39.1
38.1
36.6
36.8
36.0
35.0
34.7
34.0
33.8
33.2
33.2
33.2
33.1
32.8
32.4
32.0
31.7
31.2
30.6
30.7
30.4
30.1
30.1
29.7
29.8
29.8
29.2
28.5
28.4
28.7
28.7
27.9
Adj
City
16.6
17.0
16.4
16.7
15.4
14.8
13.7
14.0
13.8
12.6
12.1
12.0
11.7
11.4
11.4
50.8
35.4
41.4
41.4
41.4
35.1
29.0
33.4
26.0
26.8
26.2
25.0
23.4
24.8
23.4
23.1
22.7
21.8
22.1
21.4
21.7
21.7
21.6
21.4
21.6
21.1
21.0
20.3
20.0
20.2
19.9
19.5
19.8
19.0
19.6
19.6
19.5
18.2
18.2
18.9
19.3
17.9
Adj
Hwy
25.8
25.0
24.1
22.6
22.9
20.9
22.0
20.9
20.3
19.4
18.3
18.0
18.0
17.5
17.5
48.2
41.9
36.4
36.4
36.4
39.5
39.7
34.1
38.2
36.5
34.0
34.9
35.3
32.3
34.1
32.1
32.5
33.4
31.8
32.4
31.5
31.5
31.5
31.3
29.5
30.1
29.7
30.1
29.5
29.1
29.1
29.6
28.7
29.8
28.3
28.3
27.2
29.1
28.6
27.4
26.2
28.3
Adj
Comp
20.8
20.8
20.1
19.6
18.9
17.7
17.5
17.2
16.9
15.7
15.0
14.8
14.6
14.2
14.2
49.3
38.8
38.4
38.4
38.4
37.5
34.2
33.8
31.8
31.6
30.2
29.8
29.0
28.6
28.5
27.5
27.4
27.2
26.8
26.5
26.4
26.4
26.3
26.1
25.5
25.4
25.2
24.9
24.5
24.5
24.3
24.2
24.0
24.0
23.8
23.8
23.2
23.2
23.0
23.0
22.7
22.7
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-4
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Model Name
Volvo S80 FWD
Toyota GS 350
Nissan M37
Ford MKZ FWD
Honda TL 2WD
Volvo S80 AWD
GM STS AWD
GM CIS AWD
Mazda MAZDASPEED3
Ford FUSION AWD FFV
Ford MILAN AWD FFV
Spyker 9-5 SEDAN AWD
Toyota GS 350 AWD
VW A6 QUATTRO
GMCTS
VWA8
Daimler E 350
Toyota LS 600h L
GM LACROSSE AWD
Nissan M37X
Honda TL 4WD
Honda RL
BMW ActiveHybrid 7
Toyota GS 460
Nissan M56
Ford FUSION AWD
Ford MKZ AWD
Toyota LS 460
Toyota LS 460 L
Daimler E 3 50 4MATIC
BMW 550i
BMW 550i xDrive
Jaguar Jaguar XF
Nissan M56X
Toyota LS 460 AWD
Toyota LS 460 L AWD
Daimler E 550
Daimler E 550 4MATIC
VWS6
Daimler E 63 AMG
VW Continental Flying Spur
VW Mulsanne
Hyundai SONATA
Honda ACCORD 4DR SEDAN
BMW 535i Gran Turismo
Toyota AVALON
GM IMP ALA
Hyundai AZERA
BMW 535i xDrive Gran Turismo
Ford TAURUS FWD
Porsche Panamera
Hyundai GENESIS
Daimler S400 HYBRID
Chrysler 300
Porsche Panamera 4
Chrysler Charger
GM LUCERNE
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
28.3
28.1
27.6
27.3
27.3
27.6
27.2
27.0
27.0
26.5
26.5
26.1
26.7
26.2
25.8
25.9
26.0
26.9
25.4
25.9
25.7
25.7
25.6
25.4
24.8
25.0
25.0
24.7
24.7
24.8
24.2
23.9
24.0
23.8
23.7
23.7
23.0
22.7
20.5
19.3
16.7
16.0
35.1
34.3
31.2
30.0
29.4
29.3
27.8
27.4
27.5
27.4
27.5
26.9
27.0
26.6
26.2
Adj
City
18.8
18.8
18.3
17.9
18.0
18.5
17.8
17.7
18.2
17.5
17.5
16.7
17.9
17.4
16.8
16.9
17.3
19.6
16.4
17.5
17.0
17.2
17.1
16.9
16.2
16.6
16.6
16.2
16.2
16.5
15.8
15.6
15.9
15.7
15.7
15.7
15.0
14.9
13.9
12.8
10.9
10.4
22.5
22.1
20.3
19.6
19.0
19.4
18.2
17.9
18.0
17.9
18.6
17.5
17.7
17.3
17.0
Adj
Hwy
26.7
26.1
26.3
26.8
26.3
25.6
26.7
26.3
24.9
25.6
25.6
26.9
24.9
24.9
25.7
25.6
24.8
21.8
25.9
24.0
24.6
24.1
24.1
24.4
24.7
24.1
24.1
24.4
24.4
23.8
24.1
23.7
23.3
23.3
23.1
23.1
23.2
22.7
19.3
19.6
17.3
17.0
34.3
33.2
30.1
28.9
29.2
27.7
27.0
26.9
26.7
26.8
25.1
26.8
26.2
26.6
26.1
Adj
Comp
22.6
22.4
22.1
22.0
22.0
22.0
22.0
21.8
21.5
21.4
21.4
21.3
21.3
21.0
21.0
21.0
20.9
20.8
20.7
20.7
20.7
20.6
20.5
20.5
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.1
20.1
20.0
19.6
19.4
19.4
19.3
19.2
19.2
18.8
18.5
16.5
15.9
13.8
13.3
28.0
27.3
24.9
24.0
23.7
23.4
22.3
22.1
22.1
22.1
21.8
21.8
21.7
21.6
21.3
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-5
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Model Name
VWA8L
BMW 740i
BMW 740Li
Ford TAURUS AWD
BMW ActiveHybrid 7L
Ford MKS FWD
Ford MKS AWD
Porsche Panamera 4S
Porsche Panamera S
Hyundai EQUUS
Ford CROWN VICTORIA FFV
Ford GRAND MARQUIS FFV
Ford TOWN CAR FFV
GMDTS
Daimler S 550
Jaguar Jaguar XJ
BMW 550i Gran Turismo
Porsche Panamera Turbo
Chrysler 300 AWD
Chrysler Charger AWD
BMW 550i xDrive Gran Turismo
Daimler S 63 AMG
BMW 750i
BMW 750Li
BMW Alpina B7 LWB
BMWAlpinaB7SWB
Daimler S 550 4MATIC
BMW 750i xDrive
BMW 750Li xDrive
BMW Alpina B7 LWB xDrive
BMW Alpina B7 SWB xDrive
BMW Ghost
BMW 760Li
Fiat QUATTROPORTE
Daimler S 65 AMG
Daimler S 600
GM LIMOUSINE
GM FUNERAL COACH/HEARSE
BMW Phantom
BMW Phantom EWB
VW JETTA SPORTWAGEN
Honda FIT
VWA3
Nissan CUBE
Nissan JUKE
Kia SOUL
Hyundai ELANTRA TOURING
Suzuki SX4
Toyota COROLLA MATRIX
Suzuki SX4 AWD
GMHHRFWD
GM HHR PANEL FWD
Honda TSX WAGON
Chrysler Caliber
Volvo V50 FWD
Mitsubishi LANCER SPORTBACK
Toyota xB
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.9
25.9
25.9
25.8
25.6
25.1
24.9
24.6
24.6
24.1
24.1
24.1
24.1
23.2
23.1
23.1
23.0
22.9
22.7
22.7
22.6
22.6
22.2
21.8
21.8
21.8
21.5
20.6
20.6
20.6
20.6
19.7
19.2
18.4
18.4
18.1
18.2
17.6
17.3
17.3
43.1
40.9
38.6
37.8
37.6
35.3
34.5
33.9
33.7
33.4
32.6
32.5
32.5
32.4
31.2
31.3
31.6
Adj
City
16.9
16.9
16.9
17.0
17.1
16.7
16.6
16.2
16.2
15.7
15.8
15.8
15.8
15.3
15.1
15.4
15.3
14.9
14.6
14.6
15.0
15.1
14.7
14.4
14.4
14.4
14.1
13.7
13.7
13.7
13.7
13.1
12.7
12.0
12.0
11.9
12.2
12.1
11.4
11.4
28.1
27.9
25.6
26.4
26.1
24.3
23.3
23.0
22.9
22.6
21.6
21.6
21.6
22.7
20.4
21.1
21.6
Adj
Hwy
25.6
25.4
25.4
25.1
24.1
23.8
23.6
23.9
23.9
24.3
23.8
23.8
23.8
22.8
23.0
22.5
22.5
23.0
23.4
23.4
22.0
21.8
21.8
21.5
21.5
21.5
21.5
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
19.7
19.3
19.3
19.0
18.5
17.7
16.5
17.5
17.5
38.8
34.4
34.6
30.8
31.1
30.0
30.4
29.7
29.6
29.4
30.2
29.9
29.9
27.3
29.8
28.4
27.6
Adj
Comp
21.0
20.9
20.9
20.8
20.5
20.2
20.0
19.9
19.9
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.6
18.8
18.8
18.7
18.7
18.7
18.6
18.6
18.3
18.3
18.0
17.7
17.7
17.7
17.6
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.2
15.8
15.3
15.2
14.9
14.8
14.3
14.2
14.2
33.4
31.3
30.0
28.8
28.7
27.3
26.9
26.4
26.3
26.1
25.8
25.7
25.6
25.1
24.9
24.7
24.7
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-6
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non- Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Midsize Non-Track SUV
Large Non-Track SUV
Large Non-Track SUV
Large Non-Track SUV
Large Non-Track SUV
Large Non-Track SUV
Large Non-Track SUV
Large Non-Track SUV
Model Name
VW A4 AVANT QUATTRO
VW A3 QUATTRO
Spyker 9-3 SPORTCOMBI
Subara IMPREZA WAGON/OUTBACK SPORT AWD
GM CTS WAGON
Spyker 9-3X SPORTCOMBI AWD
BMW 328i Sports Wagon
GM CTS WAGON AWD
BMW 328i xDrive Sports Wagon
Nissan EX35
Kia RONDO
VW A6 AVANT QUATTRO
Daimler E 350 4MATIC (WAGON)
Mazda TRIBUTE HYBRID 2WD
Ford ESCAPE HYBRID FWD
Ford MARINER HYBRID FWD
Mitsubishi OUTLANDER SPORT 2WD
Hyundai TUCSON 2WD
Kia SPORTAGE 2WD
Nissan ROGUE FWD
Chrysler Compass 2WD
Chrysler Patriot 2WD
Mitsubishi OUTLANDER 2WD
Honda CR-V 2WD
Mazda TRIBUTE FWD
Toyota RAV42WD
Kia SORENTO 2WD
Ford ESCAPE FWD
Ford MARINER FWD
Toyota VENZA
Hyundai SANTA FE 2WD
Mazda CX-72WD
Honda ELEMENT 2WD
VW TIGUAN
Ford ESCAPE FWD FFV
Ford MARINER FWD FFV
Mazda TRIBUTE FWD FFV
Toyota HIGHLANDER 2WD
Suzuki GRAND VITARA
Honda RDX 2WD
Volvo XC60 FWD
Toyota RX 3 50
Toyota 4RUNNER2WD
Honda PILOT 2WD
Toyota FJ CRUISER 2WD
Daimler GLK 350
Nissan XTERRA2WD
Chrysler Liberty 2WD
Chrysler Nitro 2WD
Mitsubishi ENDEAVOR 2WD
GM EQUINOX FWD
GM TERRAIN FWD
Ford EDGE FWD
Honda ACCORD CROSSTOUR 2WD
Ford MKX FWD
Volvo XC70 FWD
GM SRX 2WD
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
30.8
30.9
28.8
28.7
27.7
27.2
27.0
26.9
26.4
25.4
28.7
26.2
24.4
44.1
44.1
44.1
35.8
32.9
32.5
32.5
31.8
31.6
31.5
31.2
30.9
30.9
30.7
30.6
30.5
30.0
29.7
28.9
28.3
28.0
27.9
27.9
27.9
27.6
27.8
27.5
26.9
26.8
25.2
24.5
24.7
23.9
23.5
23.5
23.4
22.8
32.9
32.3
28.0
27.8
27.6
26.9
26.3
Adj
City
20.6
21.4
19.0
19.5
18.1
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.3
17.1
19.3
17.4
16.4
34.0
34.0
34.0
24.5
21.7
21.5
22.4
22.1
21.9
21.5
21.1
20.8
20.8
20.7
20.6
20.6
20.0
20.1
19.3
19.7
19.3
19.1
19.1
19.1
18.6
19.1
18.8
18.2
18.2
17.3
16.5
17.2
16.1
16.0
15.9
15.9
15.4
21.6
21.2
18.6
18.1
18.5
18.2
17.6
Adj
Hwy
28.3
26.5
27.3
25.9
27.0
27.3
26.7
26.2
25.7
23.8
26.4
25.0
23.2
30.5
30.5
30.5
30.6
30.5
30.2
28.0
27.2
27.1
27.5
28.0
28.1
27.8
27.7
27.7
27.7
27.8
26.9
26.8
24.6
24.8
25.0
25.0
25.0
25.4
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.6
22.6
23.0
21.8
22.5
21.9
21.9
21.8
21.5
31.0
30.5
26.6
27.4
25.6
24.8
24.7
Adj
Comp
24.4
24.1
23.0
22.7
22.3
22.1
21.8
21.7
21.3
20.4
22.8
21.0
19.6
31.9
31.9
31.9
27.6
26.0
25.7
25.3
24.7
24.6
24.6
24.6
24.4
24.3
24.2
24.1
24.1
23.8
23.5
22.9
22.2
22.1
22.0
22.0
22.0
22.0
21.9
21.7
21.4
21.3
20.0
19.7
19.5
19.2
18.9
18.8
18.8
18.3
26.1
25.7
22.4
22.4
22.0
21.4
21.1
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-7
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Large Non-Truck SUV
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Midsize Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Small Truck SUV
Midsize Truck SUV
Midsize Truck SUV
Midsize Truck SUV
Midsize Truck SUV
Midsize Truck SUV
Model Name
Spyker 9-4X FWD
Ford EXPLORER FWD
Nissan MURANO FWD
Chrysler Journey FWD
Mazda CX-9 2WD
Ford FLEX FWD
Hyundai VERACRUZ 2WD
Nissan FX3 5 RWD
Chrysler Grand Cherokee 2WD
Kia BORREGO 2WD
Nissan PATHFINDER 2WD
Ford TRANSIT CONNECT
Honda ODYSSEY 2WD
Nissan QUEST
Kia ENTOURAGE
Kia SEDONA
Toyota SIENNA
Chrysler Grand Caravan
Chrysler Routan
Chrysler Town & Country
Toyota SIENNA AWD
AM General MV-1
GM G1500 SAVANA 2WD CARGO
GM G1500 EXPRESS 2WD CARGO
Ford E250 VAN FFV
GM H1500 EXPRESS AWD CARGO
GM HI 500 SAVANA AWD CARGO
GM G1500 EXPRESS 2WD PASS
GM G1500 SAVANA 2WD PASS
GM G1500 SAVANA CONV 2WD CARGO
GM G1500 EXPRESS CONV 2WD CARGO
GM HI 500 EXPRESS AWD PASS
GM HI 500 EXPRESS CONV AWD CARGO
GM HI 500 SAVANA CONV AWD CARGO
GM H1500 SAVANA AWD PASS
Ford El 50 VAN FFV
Ford El 50 WAGON FFV
Ford E3 50 VAN FFV
GM G2500 SAVANA 2WD PASS MDPV
GM G2500 EXPRESS 2WD PASS MDPV
Ford E3 50 WAGON FFV
GM G3500 SAVANA 2WD PASS MDPV
GM G3500 EXPRESS 2WD PASS MDPV
GM G3500 EXPRESS 2WD CARGO MDPV
GM G2500 EXPRESS 2WD CARGO MDPV
GM G2500 SAVANA 2WD CARGO MDPV
GM G2500 SAVANA CONV 2WD CARGO
GM G3500 SAVANA 2WD CARGO MDPV
GM G2500 EXPRESS CONV 2WD CARGO
Ford E350 VAN
Ford E350 WAGON
Chrysler Wrangler 4WD
Toyota RX 450h
Ford ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
Ford MARINER HYBRID 4WD
Mazda TRIBUTE HYBRID 4WD
Toyota RX 450h AWD
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
26.3
26.3
26.6
25.9
25.2
24.9
24.7
24.1
23.6
23.7
22.4
29.7
28.6
27.2
26.8
26.8
26.8
25.9
25.9
25.9
23.4
18.4
21.2
21.2
18.6
18.3
18.3
18.3
18.3
18.3
18.3
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
17.8
17.0
16.8
16.1
16.1
16.3
15.7
15.7
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
15.5
14.7
13.9
21.8
40.4
39.0
39.0
39.0
38.6
Adj
City
17.6
17.5
18.4
17.0
16.9
16.6
16.5
16.2
15.8
16.4
14.9
20.5
18.8
18.6
18.1
18.1
18.2
17.1
17.1
17.1
15.9
12.5
14.6
14.6
13.1
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.5
11.9
11.7
10.8
10.8
11.4
10.5
10.5
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
9.7
14.9
31.5
30.4
30.4
30.4
29.5
Adj
Hwy
24.7
24.9
23.5
25.6
23.8
23.8
23.4
22.7
22.5
21.3
21.8
25.7
27.6
24.4
24.7
24.7
24.5
25.1
25.1
25.1
21.7
17.4
19.5
19.5
16.6
16.9
16.9
16.9
16.9
16.9
16.9
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.6
16.1
15.5
15.4
16.0
16.0
15.0
15.7
15.7
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
15.6
13.6
12.9
20.0
27.9
27.2
27.2
27.2
27.6
Adj
Comp
21.1
21.1
21.0
21.0
20.2
20.0
19.8
19.3
19.1
18.9
18.2
23.2
23.0
21.5
21.3
21.3
21.3
20.9
20.9
20.9
18.7
14.9
17.0
17.0
14.9
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.3
13.7
13.6
13.3
13.2
13.2
13.0
13.0
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.8
11.9
11.3
17.5
29.4
28.5
28.5
28.5
28.4
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-8
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Midsize Truck SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Midsize Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Model Name
Toyota HIGHLANDER HYBRID 4WD
Mitsubishi OUTLANDER SPORT 4WD
Subara OUTBACK AWD WAGON
Hyundai TUCSON 4WD
Nissan ROGUE AWD
Kia SPORTAGE 4WD
Honda CR-V 4WD
Toyota RAV4 4WD
Subara FORESTER AWD
Chrysler Compass 4WD
Mazda TRIBUTE 4WD
Mitsubishi OUTLANDER 4WD
Ford ESCAPE 4WD
Ford MARINER 4WD
Chrysler Patriot 4WD
Kia SORENTO 4WD
Hyundai SANTA FE 4WD
Toyota VENZA AWD
VW TIGUAN 4MOTION
Honda ELEMENT 4WD
Toyota RX 3 50 AWD
Suzuki GRAND VITARA 4WD
Mazda TRIBUTE 4WD FFV
Ford ESCAPE 4WD FFV
Ford MARINER 4WD FFV
Honda RDX4WD
Mazda CX-7 4WD
Volvo XC60 AWD
Honda ZDX 4WD
Toyota HIGHLANDER 4WD
Toyota 4RUNNER 4WD
Honda PILOT 4WD
Toyota FJ CRUISER 4WD
Subara TRIBECA AWD
Daimler GLK 350 4MATIC
Honda MDX 4WD
Rover LR2
Chrysler Nitro 4WD
Chrysler Liberty 4WD
Toyota GX 460
Nissan XTERRA4WD
Mitsubishi ENDEAVOR AWD
Rover Range Rover sport
GM EQUINOX AWD
Daimler ML450 HYBRID 4MATIC
GM TERRAIN AWD
BMW X5 xDrive35d
BMW X3 xDrive35i
BMW X3 xDrive28i
GM C1500 TAHOE 2WD HYBRID
GM C1500 YUKON 2WD HYBRID
GM ESCALADE 2WD HYBRID
VW Touareg Hybrid
GM K1500 TAHOE 4WD HYBRID
GM K1500 YUKON 4WD HYBRID
Porsche Cayenne S Hybrid
GM ESCALADE 4WD HYBRID
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
38.7
34.5
31.1
31.0
31.5
30.5
30.4
30.1
30.2
30.0
29.6
29.5
29.2
29.2
29.4
29.0
28.5
28.0
27.9
27.3
26.7
26.7
26.1
26.0
26.0
25.9
25.1
24.9
24.4
24.4
24.1
23.7
23.9
23.4
23.0
23.0
22.5
22.2
22.1
22.0
21.6
21.5
18.4
29.1
29.6
28.4
28.2
27.9
27.9
28.5
28.5
28.5
28.2
28.4
28.4
28.1
28.0
Adj
City
30.1
23.8
21.0
21.0
22.1
20.6
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.9
20.1
20.3
20.0
20.0
20.6
19.8
19.6
18.8
19.1
18.9
18.1
18.6
18.1
18.1
18.1
17.9
17.2
16.9
16.5
16.7
16.6
16.1
16.8
16.1
15.8
15.9
15.0
15.1
15.1
15.0
14.8
14.8
12.4
19.4
21.2
18.9
18.9
18.8
18.9
20.4
20.4
20.4
19.9
20.3
20.3
19.9
20.0
Adj
Hwy
27.1
29.4
28.1
27.8
26.3
27.6
26.9
26.9
26.4
25.7
26.5
25.9
26.0
26.0
25.0
25.8
25.1
26.0
25.0
24.0
24.5
23.2
22.9
22.7
22.7
22.9
22.8
22.9
22.7
22.3
21.6
22.0
20.9
21.3
20.9
20.7
21.9
20.6
20.6
20.4
19.9
19.4
17.8
27.3
24.2
26.7
26.1
25.8
25.4
23.6
23.6
23.6
23.8
23.4
23.4
23.8
23.3
Adj
Comp
28.3
26.7
24.5
24.4
24.3
24.1
23.9
23.7
23.6
23.4
23.3
23.1
23.0
23.0
22.9
22.8
22.4
22.3
22.1
21.5
21.3
21.0
20.5
20.5
20.5
20.4
20.0
19.9
19.6
19.5
19.1
19.0
18.9
18.7
18.4
18.3
18.3
17.8
17.8
17.7
17.3
17.2
15.0
23.2
22.8
22.7
22.5
22.2
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.1
22.0
22.0
22.0
21.9
21.7
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-9
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Large Truck SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Model Name
GM K1500 YUKON DENALI HYBRID 4WD
VWQ5
Honda ACCORD CROSSTOUR 4WD
Daimler ML 350 BLUETEC 4MATIC
Ford EDGE AWD
Daimler R 350 BLUETEC 4MATIC
VW TOUAREG
Nissan MURANO AWD
Volvo XC70 AWD
GMACADIAFWD
GM ENCLAVE FWD
GM TRAVERSE FWD
Ford MKX AWD
Ford MKT FWD
VWQ7
Daimler GL 350 BLUETEC 4MATIC
Chrysler Journey AWD
Ford EXPLORER 4WD
Porsche Cayenne
GM SRX AWD
Nissan MURANO CrossCabriolet
BMWX5xDrive35i
BMWX6xDrive35i
GMACADIAAWD
GM TRAVERSE AWD
Chrysler Durango 2WD
Mazda CX-9 4WD
Hyundai VERACRUZ 4WD
Porsche Cayenne S
Volvo XC90 FWD
GM ENCLAVE AWD
Ford FLEX AWD
Ford MKT AWD
Chrysler Durango 4WD
Spyker 9-4X AWD
Nissan FX35 AWD
KiaBORREG04WD
Volvo XC90 AWD
Nissan PATHFINDER 2WD
BMW ActiveHybrid X6
Chrysler Grand Cherokee 4WD
Daimler ML 3 50
Porsche Cayenne Turbo
GM C1500 AVALANCHE 2WD
GM C1500 SUBURBAN 2WD
GM C1500 TAHOE 2WD
GM C1500 YUKON XL 2WD
GM K1500 AVALANCHE 4WD
GM K1500 SUBURBAN 4WD
GM K1500 TAHOE 4WD
GM K1500 YUKON 4WD
GM K1500 YUKON XL 4WD
GMC1 500 YUKON 2WD
Daimler ML 350 4MATIC
GM ESCALADE 2WD
GM ESCALADE ESV 2WD
Nissan FX50 AWD
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
28.0
27.5
26.7
27.1
26.3
26.3
26.1
26.1
25.7
24.8
24.8
24.8
25.1
25.0
24.5
24.8
24.4
24.6
24.4
24.5
24.5
24.0
24.0
24.0
24.0
23.9
24.0
23.7
23.5
23.7
23.4
23.4
23.5
23.2
23.2
23.2
23.2
22.7
22.4
23.1
22.4
22.6
22.2
22.0
22.0
22.0
21.8
21.8
21.8
21.8
21.8
21.8
21.6
21.7
21.0
21.0
21.2
Adj
City
20.0
19.0
17.6
18.4
17.5
17.9
17.5
17.9
17.5
16.5
16.5
16.5
17.2
17.0
16.2
16.9
16.1
16.7
16.3
16.7
16.8
15.9
15.9
16.1
16.1
16.0
16.4
15.9
15.6
16.0
15.7
15.8
16.0
15.6
15.6
15.7
15.9
15.3
14.9
16.6
15.1
15.5
14.7
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.6
14.6
14.6
14.6
14.6
14.6
14.4
15.0
14.0
14.0
14.4
Adj
Hwy
23.3
24.2
26.0
24.7
24.8
23.9
24.5
23.5
23.6
23.7
23.7
23.7
22.7
22.9
23.7
22.7
23.6
22.6
23.2
22.4
22.0
23.2
23.2
22.7
22.7
22.7
22.0
22.4
22.8
22.2
22.4
21.9
21.7
22.0
21.9
21.5
21.0
21.5
21.8
19.4
21.1
20.5
21.6
21.2
21.2
21.2
21.0
20.9
20.9
20.9
20.9
20.9
20.9
19.6
20.5
20.5
19.8
Adj
Comp
21.7
21.6
21.6
21.5
21.0
20.9
20.9
20.7
20.5
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
19.9
19.8
19.8
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.5
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.3
19.3
19.2
19.2
19.0
19.0
19.0
18.9
18.8
18.8
18.7
18.7
18.6
18.5
18.3
18.2
18.1
18.0
18.0
18.0
17.8
17.8
17.8
17.7
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.6
17.5
17.3
17.1
17.1
17.1
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-10
March 2012
-------
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix B: Model Year 2011 Nameplate Fuel Economy Listings
Vehicle Size Class
Large Truck SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Large Track SUV
Model Name
BMW X5 xDriveSOi
BMW X6 xDriveSOi
Daimler R 3 50 4MATIC
GM ESCALADE AWD
GM K1500 YUKON DENALI AWD
Ford NAVIGATOR 2WD FFV
Nissan QX56 2WD
Ford EXPEDITION 2WD FFV
Chrysler Grand Cherokee 2WD
Nissan QX56 4WD
Nissan PATHFINDER 4WD
Toyota SEQUOIA 2WD
Daimler ML 550 4MATIC
Nissan ARMADA 2WD
Toyota LAND CRUISER WAGON 4WD
Nissan ARMADA 2WD FFV
Toyota SEQUOIA 4WD
Daimler GL 450 4MATIC
Ford EXPEDITION 4WD FFV
Ford NAVIGATOR 4WD FFV
Rover Range Rover
GM ESCALADE ESV AWD
GM K1500 YUKON XL AWD
GM ESCALADE EXT AWD
Toyota SEQUOIA 4WD FFV
Toyota LX 570
Nissan ARMADA 4WD FFV
Rover LR4
Nissan ARMADA 4WD
Daimler GL 5 50 4MATIC
BMW X6 xDriveM
BMW X5 xDriveM
Daimler G 5 50
GM C2500 SUBURBAN 2WD
GM C2500 YUKON XL 2WD
GM K2500 SUBURBAN 4WD
GM K2500 YUKON XL 4WD
Daimler ML 63 AMG
Daimler G 55 AMG
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
20.9
20.9
21.2
20.6
20.6
20.6
20.5
20.5
20.4
20.2
20.3
20.2
19.4
18.9
18.9
18.7
18.9
18.6
18.6
18.6
18.3
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.3
18.2
18.3
18.2
18.1
17.8
17.8
16.2
15.6
15.6
15.4
15.4
15.2
15.2
Adj
City
14.0
14.0
14.7
13.8
13.8
13.8
13.6
13.8
13.8
13.5
13.8
13.8
13.2
12.6
12.9
12.4
12.9
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.1
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.4
12.3
12.4
12.3
12.4
12.2
12.2
11.4
10.4
10.4
10.3
10.3
10.5
10.8
Adj
Hwy
20.3
20.3
19.1
19.9
19.9
19.8
20.1
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.1
18.8
18.3
18.7
17.9
18.6
17.8
17.5
17.5
17.5
18.3
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.3
17.5
16.8
16.7
16.7
14.6
15.8
15.8
15.4
15.4
14.3
13.6
Adj
Comp
17.0
17.0
16.9
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.6
16.4
16.4
16.3
15.7
15.4
15.4
15.3
15.3
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
14.9
14.9
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.6
14.4
14.4
13.0
12.9
12.9
12.7
12.7
12.4
12.2
EPA-420-R-12-001a
B-ll
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
tnv i-;i"mi ni.ii Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix C: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
Rank
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manufacturer
GM
Toyota
Toyota
Chrysler
Aston Martin
Aston Martin
Peugeot
Fiat
Fiat
Fiat
Fiat
VW
VW
VW
VW
Aston Martin
Vector
Vector
Vector
VW
Fiat
VW
VW
Fiat
Fiat
Fiat
Fiat
VW
Fiat
VW
VW
VW
VW
VW
VW
VW
VW
Model Name
TORONADO
LAND CRUISER WAG
LAND CRUISER WAG
MONACO
ASTON MARTIN V8
79 ASTON MARTIN
604
QUATTROPORTE
QUATTROPORTE
QUATTROPORTE
QUATTROPORTE
COUNTACH
COUNTACH
COUNTACH
COUNTACH
LAG
VECTOR W8
VECTOR W8
VECTOR W8
DB132/DIABLO
FERRARI F50
AVTECHSC_-_M12
DB132-144- DIABLO
FERRARI 550_MARANELLO
FERRARI 550 MARANELLO
FERRARI 550_MARANELLO
FERRARI 550 MARANELLO-BARCHE
L-147MURCIELAGO
ENZO FERRARI
L-147-148 MURCIELAGO
L-147-148 MURCIELAGO
VEYRON
L-147-148 MURCIELAGO
VEYRON
MURCIELAGO ROADSTER
Veyron
Veyron
EPA Size
Class
Large Sedan
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Sedan
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Subcompact
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Inertia
Weight
5500
4500
4500
5000
4500
4500
3500
5000
5000
5000
5000
3500
3500
3500
3500
5000
4000
4000
4000
4000
3000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
3500
4000
4000
4500
4000
4500
4000
4500
4500
Drive
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
Trans
Automatic
Manual
Manual
Automatic
Manual
Manual
Automatic
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Lockup
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Lockup
Manual
Manual
Lockup
Manual
Lockup
Manual
Automatic
Automatic
Gears
3
5
5
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
3
5
6
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
Fuel
Induct
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Port
Port
Port
TBI
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
HP
175
125
125
240
60
275
132
288
288
288
-)00
Zoo
420
420
420
420
240
450
450
450
492
510
492
492
475
475
475
475
580
646
580
580
1001
631
1001
631
1001
1001
CID
455
258
258
440
326
326
174
301
301
301
301
315
315
315
315
326
365
365
365
348
287
348
348
334
334
334
334
378
366
378
378
488
396
488
396
488
488
Fuel Economy
City
7.7
7.0
7.4
7.5
6.8
6.8
3.1
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
6.1
6.1
6.1
6.0
8.2
7.2
7.2
7.1
9.0
7.3
8.5
8.7
8.6
8.5
7.9
7.9
8.4
7.1
8.4
8.3
7.8
8.3
7.8
8.3
7.8
8.2
Hwy
9.4
10.0
8.9
8.7
9.7
9.7
6.0
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.8
10.4
10.4
10.4
10.3
10.7
10.5
10.5
10.4
13.7
10.7
12.2
13.6
14.1
13.4
12.4
12.4
12.0
11.6
12.5
12.5
13.8
12.8
13.0
12.8
13.0
13.1
Comp
8.4
8.1
8.0
8.0
7.9
7.9
4.0
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
9.2
8.5
8.5
8.5
10.9
8.7
10.1
10.7
10.8
10.5
9.9
9.8
10.1
9.0
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.4
10.1
10.4
10.1
10.4
EPA-420-R-12-001a
C-l p. 1
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
tnv i-;i"mi ni.ii Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix C: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
Rank
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1985
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
1999
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manufacturer
Honda
Honda
Honda
VW
vw
VW
vw
vw
Nissan
Honda
GM
GM
Suzuki
GM
GM
GM
Honda
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
Honda
Suzuki
GM
GM
VW
VW
VW
Honda
Honda
Honda
Honda
Honda
Honda
Honda
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
Toyota
Model Name
CIVIC CVCC
CIVIC CVCC
CIVIC CVCC
RABBIT
RABBIT
RABBIT
RABBIT
RABBIT
NISSAN SENTRA
CIVIC COUPE
SPRINT
FIREFLY
SA310
SPRINT ER
SPRINT ER
SPRINT METRO
CIVIC CRX
METRO XFI
METRO XFI
METRO XFi
METRO XFi
METRO XFi
CIVIC HB VX
SWIFT
METRO
METRO
NEW BEETLE
NEW GOLF
NEW JETTA
INSIGHT
INSIGHT
INSIGHT
INSIGHT
INSIGHT
INSIGHT
INSIGHT
PRIUS
PRIUS
PRIUS
PRIUS
PRIUS
EPA Size
Class
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Two-seater
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Two-seater
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Inertia
Weight
2000
2000
2000
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2000
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
2000
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
2250
2000
2000
2000
3000
3000
3000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
3000
3000
3000
3500
3500
Drive
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Front
Trans
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
Gears
5
3
4
5
5
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
Fuel
Induct
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Port
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
Port
TBI
TBI
TBI
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
HP
52
60
60
48
48
48
52
52
55
60
48
48
48
46
46
46
62
49
55
55
55
55
91
55
55
55
90
90
90
67
67
67
67
67
73
73
76
76
76
98
98
CID
90
91
91
90
90
90
97
97
103
82
61
61
61
61
61
61
91
61
61
61
61
61
91
61
61
60
116
116
116
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
91
91
91
110
110
Fuel Economy
City
25.4
28.4
35.7
35.2
36.7
37.7
37.9
40.9
43.4
45.7
47.4
47.4
47.4
54.8
52.7
52.2
47.9
50.7
50.2
49.6
49.1
49.3
42.4
40.3
39.5
38.1
36.8
36.8
36.8
51.8
50.8
50.2
49.4
48.6
48.3
47.9
47.7
47.7
47.7
50.8
50.8
Hwy
33.0
33.4
40.2
40.7
42.6
44.1
45.4
45.1
47.8
51.2
52.6
52.6
52.6
59.2
57.4
57.1
53.8
56.7
56.3
56.0
55.6
55.3
53.0
46.4
46.1
46.1
45.4
45.4
45.4
63.0
61.8
60.7
60.3
57.9
57.7
57.6
45.1
45.1
45.1
48.3
48.2
Comp
28.3
30.5
37.6
37.5
39.1
40.3
40.9
42.7
45.3
48.0
49.6
49.6
49.6
56.8
54.8
54.4
50.6
53.4
53.0
52.6
52.2
52.2
47.3
43.3
42.8
42.0
41.0
41.0
41.0
57.4
56.3
55.6
55.0
53.5
53.3
53.0
46.2
46.2
46.2
49.3
49.3
EPA-420-R-12-001a
c-i P.:
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
tnv i-;i"mi ni.ii Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix C: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
Rank
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1982
1982
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Manufacturer
Ford
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
Ford
GM
Chrysler
GM
GM
GM
GM
Ford
Chrysler
Ford
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
GM
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
GM
Chrysler
Chrysler
Chrysler
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
Ford
GM
GM
GM
GM
GM
Chrysler
Daimler
Daimler
Daimler
Daimler
Ford
Model Name
FORD F-250
CHEV P20 STEP
CHEV K20
GMC C2500
CFlEV C20 SUBN
CFlEV C20 SUBN
GMC C2500 SUBN
PICKUP
CAB CHAS.
B250 VAN CONVERS
G30 SPRTVN 2WD
G35 SPRTVN 2WD
G35 SPRTVN 2WD
G30 SPRTVN 2WD
E250 ECONOLINE 2
B350 WAGON 2WD
E250 ECONOLINE 2
B350 WAGON 2WD
AW150 RAMCHARGER
W250 PICKUP 4WD
W100/W150 PICKUP
B350 WAGON 2WD
C1500P/U2WD
W250 PICKUP 4WD
W250 PICKUP 4WD
W250 PICKUP 4WD
C1500P/U2WD
B150/B250 WAGON
B3500 WAGON 2WD
B3500 WAGON_2WD
E250 ECONOLINE 2WD
E250 ECONOLINE_2WD
B2500 WAGON 2WD
E250 ECONOLINE_2WD
K1500 SIERRA 4WD
C2500 HD_SILVERADO_2WD
C2500HD SILVERADO 2WD
CHEVY C2500 HD DED SLVRD 2WD
K2500 HD SILVERADO 4WD
RAM 1500 PICKUP 2WD
G55 AMG
G55 AMG
ML63 AMG
G 55 AMG
E350 WAGON
EPA Size
Class
Large Pickup
Midsize Van
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Midsize Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Midsize SUV
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Van
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Midsize Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Van
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large Pickup
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large SUV
Large Van
Inertia
Weight
5000
6500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
6000
5500
6000
5500
6000
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5000
5000
5000
5500
4500
5500
5500
5000
4500
5500
5500
5500
6000
6000
6000
6500
5500
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
5500
6000
7000
Drive
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
Rear
Trans
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Lockup
Automatic
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Automatic
Manual
Automatic
Automatic
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Lockup
Gears
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
7
5
7
5
5
Fuel
Induct
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
HP
150
245
245
245
245
185
185
270
155
170
165
165
165
165
143
175
154
170
175
175
175
145
230
190
203
203
255
230
230
230
235
235
200
193
300
300
300
300
300
500
493
493
503
500
305
CID
360
454
454
454
454
454
454
460
350
360
350
350
350
350
351
360
351
360
360
360
360
360
454
360
360
360
454
360
360
360
330
330
318
330
364
412
366
412
364
505
333
332
379
332
415
Fuel Economy
City
7.5
7.3
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.1
8.1
9.0
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.8
8.7
9.5
9.8
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.7
9.3
9.1
9.6
9.6
9.3
11.0
10.7
10.7
10.7
10.7
10.0
10.1
10.4
10.2
9.7
9.2
8.5
8.2
10.8
10.8
10.5
10.8
9.7
Hwy
7.8
8.5
8.1
8.1
8.1
8.1
8.1
7.7
8.8
10.1
10.8
10.8
10.8
10.8
10.8
10.7
9.6
11.2
11.2
10.6
10.6
10.9
10.8
12.3
11.4
11.4
12.0
13.8
14.1
14.1
13.4
13.4
13.3
13.5
13.3
12.6
11.5
11.4
11.0
11.5
13.5
13.5
14.4
13.6
12.9
Comp
7.6
7.8
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
7.9
8.4
9.4
10.1
10.1
10.1
10.1
10.3
9.5
9.6
10.4
10.0
9.8
9.8
10.2
10.0
10.4
10.4
10.4
10.5
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.0
11.9
11.5
11.7
11.8
11.4
10.6
10.3
9.7
9.8
12.2
12.2
12.4
12.2
11.3
EPA-420-R-12-001a
C-l p. 3
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
tnv i-;i"mi ni.ii Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix C: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
Rank
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1979
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1996
1997
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2001
2002
2002
2003
2003
2004
2004
2005
2006
2006
2006
Manufacturer
Nissan
Ford
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Ford
Mazda
Ford
VW
VW
VW
VW
GM
GM
GM
GM
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
Suzuki
GM
GM
GM
GM
Ford
GM
Ford
Ford
Mazda
Suzuki
GM
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Model Name
PICKUP
COURIER PICKUP
COURIER PICKUP
MAZDA B 1800 PICK
COURIER CAB CHAS
B 1800 PICKUP
COURIER CAB CHAS
COURIER PICKUP
B2000 PICKUP
COURIER PICKUP
2WD
P/U2WD
P/U2WD
P/U2WD
PUP P/U 2WD
PUP P/U 2WD
P'UP 2WD
P'UP-2WD
SAMURAI
SIDEKICK
SAMURAI
SAMURAI
SAMURAI
SAMURAI
SAMURAI
SAMURAI
SONOMA 2WD
S10PICKUP_2WD
SONOMA 2WD
S10PICKUP_2WD
RANGER ELECTRIC 2WD
TRACKER 4X4_CONVERTIBLE
RANGER ELECTRIC 2WD
RANGER PICKUP_2WD
B2300 2WD
VITARA 4-DOOR_4WD
TRACKER 4WD HARDTOP
RANGER PICKUP_2WD
B2300 2WD
RANGER PICKUP 2WD
B2300 2WD
ESCAPE HEV 4WD
ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
TRIBUTE HYBRID 4WD
MARINER HYBRID 4WD
EPA Size
Class
Small Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Small Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Small SUV
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small SUV
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Small SUV
Small SUV
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize Pickup
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Inertia
Weight
2750
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
2250
2250
2250
2250
2750
2750
2750
3000
2250
2250
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
3000
3000
3000
3000
5000
3000
5000
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
4000
4000
4000
4000
Drive
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Front
Front
Front
Front
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
Rear
Rear
Rear
Rear
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
Trans
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
Lockup
Manual
Lockup
Manual
Manual
Lockup
Lockup
Manual
Manual
Manual
Manual
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
Gears
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
4
5
5
4
4
5
5
5
5
i
i
i
i
Fuel
Induct
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Carbureted
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Diesel
Carbureted
Carbureted
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
TBI
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
HP
107
65
67
67
67
67
67
67
72
72
48
52
52
52
62
62
62
60
64
64
66
66
66
66
66
66
118
118
118
118
118
97
118
138
138
141
141
140
140
140
140
135
135
135
135
CID
119
109
110
110
110
110
110
110
120
120
90
97
97
97
137
137
137
137
81
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
134
134
134
134
152
97
153
140
140
118
118
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
140
Fuel Economy
City
18.3
21.1
25.0
25.0
25.0
26.3
26.3
26.3
24.0
24.0
35.9
33.4
36.6
37.8
34.6
34.6
34.3
34.0
27.0
27.2
27.2
27.0
26.8
26.6
26.4
26.3
22.3
22 3
99 9
22 2
20.2
23.0
19.9
21.7
21.7
22.9
22.9
21.4
21.4
20.8
20.8
28.1
28.1
28.1
28.1
Hwy
24.8
25.9
31.1
31.1
31.1
30.0
30.0
30.0
28.7
28.7
41.6
39.7
37.4
38.7
38.3
38.3
38.1
38.5
28.7
28.3
28.1
27.9
27.8
27.7
27.6
27.5
29.6
29.6
29.5
29.5
32.1
26.3
31.3
25.5
25.5
28.6
28.6
26.4
26.4
26.7
26.7
26.3
26.3
26.3
26.3
Comp
20.8
23.0
27.4
27.4
27.4
27.8
27.8
27.8
25.9
25.9
38.3
36.0
37.0
38.2
36.1
36.1
36.0
36.0
27.8
27.7
27.6
27.5
27.3
27.2
27.0
26.9
25.6
25.6
25.5
25.5
25.1
24.7
24.8
23.6
23.6
25.8
25.8
23.9
23.9
23.8
23.8
27.0
27.0
27.0
27.0
EPA-420-R-12-001a
C-l p. 4
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
tnv i-;i"mi ni.ii Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix C: Vehicles with Lowest and Highest Adjusted MPG by Model Year
Rank
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
High
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Model
Year
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2010
2011
Manufacturer
Ford
Ford
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Ford
Mazda
Ford
Toyota
Toyota
Model Name
MARINER HYBRID 4WD
ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
TRIBUTE HYBRID 4WD
MARINER HYBRID 4WD
ESCAPE HYBRID 4WD
TRIBUTE HYBRID 4WD
MARINER HYBRID 4WD
RX 450h
RX 450h
EPA Size
Class
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Midsize SUV
Inertia
Weight
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
5000
5000
Drive
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
4wd
Front
Front
Trans
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
CVT
Gears
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Fuel
Induct
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
Port
HP
133
133
133
133
133
155
155
155
245
245
CID
140
140
140
140
140
153
153
153
211
211
Fuel Economy
City
27.6
27.6
29.3
29.3
29.3
28.7
28.7
28.7
31.5
31.5
Hwy
26.7
26.7
27.0
27.0
27.0
26.6
26.6
26.6
27.9
27.9
Comp
27.1
27.1
27.9
27.9
27.9
27.5
27.5
27.5
29.4
29.4
EPA-420-R-12-001a
C-l p. 5
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
Appendix C: Production-Weighted Percent Distribution of
Adjusted Composite MPG
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Percentile Level
0%
8.4
8.1
8.0
8.0
7.9
7.9
4.0
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
9.2
8.5
8.5
8.5
10.9
8.7
10.1
10.7
10.8
10.5
9.9
9.8
10.1
9.0
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.4
10.1
10.4
10.1
10.4
1%
9.0
10.3
10.5
11.3
12.0
13.9
14.6
15.4
16.3
16.6
17.3
17.8
17.6
17.8
17.9
17.4
17.1
16.4
15.1
17.1
16.3
15.7
15.7
17.0
16.0
15.8
16.2
16.1
16.3
16.6
16.3
16.3
15.9
17.1
17.2
18.1
18.6
5%
9.8
11.3
11.6
12.6
13.1
14.7
15.8
16.5
16.5
17.1
17.8
18.8
18.6
19.2
19.3
19.0
18.8
18.3
18.2
18.8
18.8
18.7
18.6
17.8
18.1
17.5
17.5
16.8
17.5
17.5
18.0
18.1
18.6
18.6
19.3
19.8
20.0
10%
10.1
11.7
12.4
13.2
13.7
15.9
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.3
18.4
19.5
19.2
19.4
19.6
19.3
19.5
19.5
19.2
19.6
19.4
19.3
19.3
19.0
19.2
19.2
18.9
18.6
19.2
18.8
19.0
18.8
19.1
19.4
20.4
20.7
21.0
20%
11.0
12.3
13.5
14.2
14.6
17.3
18.3
18.2
17.8
18.1
19.5
20.3
20.6
21 2
20.7
21.3
20.3
20.6
20.3
20.1
20.9
20.8
20.5
21.0
20.9
20.7
19.9
20.2
20.3
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.4
20.8
21.7
21.7
22.5
25%
11.2
12.7
14.0
14.9
15.1
17.6
18.6
19.1
18.4
19.3
19.9
20.6
21.2
22.4
21.7
21.5
21.1
20.8
21.3
20.9
21.7
21.3
21.1
21.3
21.3
21.3
20.8
20.8
20.8
20.7
20.9
20.9
21.1
21.2
22.3
22.6
23.1
50%
13.1
14.6
15.0
16.9
16.9
19.8
21.6
23.4
22.3
22.9
22.8
24.4
23.8
24.1
23.3
23.1
22.8
22.4
22.7
22.7
22.7
22.4
22.9
22.6
22.2
22.1
22.3
22.3
22.9
22.5
23.1
22.9
23.6
23.5
25.4
25.9
26.7
75%
16.7
17.3
17.3
19.7
20.4
23.1
25.3
26.0
26.7
26.5
26.7
26.7
27.1
27.2
26.3
26.0
26.1
25.5
25.7
25.6
26.0
25.5
25.2
25.2
24.5
24.3
24.9
25.0
25.1
25.2
25.6
25.5
25.8
26.5
27.6
29.0
29.0
80%
17.9
18.9
18.8
21.3
21.9
24.0
26.2
27.2
28.0
27.3
27.7
27.6
27.6
27.7
27.0
26.4
26.3
25.9
26.9
26.3
26.5
26.1
26.2
26.0
25 2
24.9
25.6
25.2
25.6
25.7
25.8
25.8
27 2
27.5
29.1
30.1
30.2
90%
20.8
22.9
24.3
25.0
25.0
26.6
28.6
29.6
31.2
29.9
29.9
29.9
30.1
30.5
29.1
28.3
29.2
28.5
28.4
28.5
29.0
29.1
28.8
28.7
27.8
27.2
27.5
27.3
27.9
27.7
28.9
28.3
30.2
30.3
30.9
30.8
32.3
95%
23.3
24.5
28.0
28.2
26.5
29.1
31.6
32.6
33.4
32.8
33.6
33.7
31.3
32.1
31.1
30.9
31.2
31.2
31.1
30.6
31.4
30.5
29.8
29.8
29.2
28.5
30.9
29.4
29.6
29.6
29.8
30.6
30.9
31.3
31.0
35.1
35.5
99%
27.4
28.2
33.8
32.7
31.0
38.0
37.9
38.9
36.6
38.2
39.0
39.3
38.1
37.9
37.7
34.6
36.7
38.2
35.8
35.8
33.8
33.9
33.2
31.5
30.9
31.0
31.9
31.7
32.4
33.5
41.8
35.3
42.9
42.9
42.9
42.9
42.9
100%
28.3
30.5
37.6
37.5
39.1
40.3
40.9
42.7
45.3
48.0
49.6
56.8
54.8
54.4
50.6
53.4
53.0
52.6
52.2
52.2
47.3
43.3
42.8
42.0
41.0
57.4
56.3
55.6
55.0
53.5
53.3
53.0
46.2
46.2
46.2
49.3
49.3
Actual
Average
13.5
14.9
15.6
16.9
17.2
20.0
21.4
22.2
22.1
22.4
23.0
23.7
23.7
24.1
23.6
23.3
23.2
22.9
23.0
23.0
23.2
22.9
22.9
22.9
22.5
22.4
22.4
22.3
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
23.5
23.7
24.8
25.5
25.9
EPA-420-R-12-001a
C-2 p. 1
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
Appendix C: Production-Weighted Percent Distribution of
Adjusted Composite MPG
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Percentile Level
0%
7.6
7.8
8.0
8.0
7.9
8.4
9.4
10.1
10.3
9.5
9.6
10.4
10.0
9.8
10.2
10.0
10.4
10.4
10.5
12.2
12.2
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.7
11.8
11.4
10.6
10.3
9.7
9.8
12.2
12.2
12.4
12.2
11.3
1%
7.9
9.0
8.9
9.6
8.1
10.7
11.4
11.1
11.1
11.0
11.4
11.8
11.6
12 2
11.6
11.7
12.5
12.5
13.0
13.0
12.8
12.3
13.1
13.1
13.0
13.1
12.5
12.6
13.0
13.5
13.2
14.0
14.0
14.3
14.8
14.6
14.7
5%
8.9
9.7
10.3
10.4
9.2
11.4
12.5
12.1
12.0
12.1
12.4
13.5
13.8
13.8
13.7
13.6
13.8
14.0
13.9
13.8
13.7
13.7
13.7
13.6
13.6
13.7
13.2
13.7
13.8
13.7
14.2
14.3
14.6
14.8
15.3
15.3
15.3
10%
9.2
10.0
10.8
10.6
9.6
12.1
13.3
13.3
13.4
13.2
13.7
14.4
14.2
14.2
14.4
14.0
14.5
14.3
14.1
14.1
13.9
14.4
14.4
14.2
13.9
14.5
14.1
14.4
14.1
14.3
14.5
14.7
15.0
15.0
15.7
15.7
16.1
20%
9.6
10.4
11.5
11.0
10.3
13.2
14.8
14.8
14.9
14.7
14.0
15.1
15.1
15.3
15.2
14.9
15.6
15.1
15.4
14.9
14.9
14.8
14.9
14.7
14.7
15.3
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.7
14.9
15.3
15.7
16.0
16.4
16.4
17.3
25%
9.7
10.5
11.6
11.1
10.7
13.4
15.2
15.2
15.4
15.1
14.8
15.6
16.0
15.6
15.5
15.5
16.1
15.7
15.9
15.3
15.1
15.2
15.2
15.1
15.0
15.3
14.9
15.1
14.9
14.9
15.3
15.4
15.9
16.3
16.6
17.0
17.6
50%
11.7
11.9
12.5
12.2
12.1
16.2
16.2
17.1
18.1
18.2
18.6
18.6
18.7
18.5
18.5
17.6
18.2
17.8
17.8
17.4
16.9
17.4
16.8
17.2
16.8
16.9
16.3
16.1
16.3
16.2
16.7
17.0
17.0
17.4
18.8
18.8
18.9
75%
13.5
14.1
15.5
15.7
15.5
19.2
20.3
20.9
22.0
20.7
21.0
21.8
21.5
20.2
20.0
19.2
19.8
19.6
19.4
19.6
19.1
19.4
18.6
19.2
18.6
18.7
18.7
18.5
18.8
18.0
18.9
19.1
19.2
19.7
20.4
20.9
21.1
80%
15.4
15.6
16.0
16.3
16.1
20.3
21.6
22.8
22.8
21.5
21.9
22.9
22.8
21.5
20.4
20.8
20.4
20.2
19.9
19.6
19.3
19.6
19.3
19.8
19.3
19.6
19.1
19.0
19.4
18.9
19.6
19.7
19.5
19.9
20.9
21.3
21.5
90%
17.8
17.2
19.6
19.8
19.4
22 2
25.0
24.3
25.2
24.3
24.0
24.2
23.8
23.3
22.6
22.3
23.0
21.8
21.8
22.3
21.5
21.9
20.7
21.5
20.3
20.0
20.0
19.8
20.8
20.2
20.5
20.7
20.7
21.5
22.6
23.7
23.7
95%
19.0
19.7
21.7
22.5
20.7
23.1
26.6
26.4
26.5
25.9
25.2
25.4
25.9
25.0
24.2
24.1
24.0
23.3
23.7
23.4
23.5
22.7
22.5
22.5
21.7
21.6
21.5
20.9
21.6
20.8
21.4
22.1
22.4
22.7
23.4
24.1
24.2
99%
19.2
21.6
25.6
24.6
25.3
25.9
31.2
30.6
30.0
29.2
28.4
27.8
27.6
25.9
24.8
24.3
24.8
24.7
24.6
23.9
24.1
24.3
24.2
23.6
23.5
22.8
22.4
22.6
22.5
22.2
22.1
23.8
22.9
24.8
23.9
24.8
25.1
100%
20.8
23.0
27.4
27.8
25.9
38.3
36.0
37.0
38.2
36.1
36.1
36.0
36.0
27.8
27.7
27.6
27.5
27.3
27.2
27.0
26.9
25.6
25.5
25.1
24.7
24.8
23.6
25.8
23.9
23.8
27.0
27.0
27.1
27.9
27.5
29.4
29.4
Actual
Average
11.6
12.2
13.3
13.0
12.5
15.8
17.1
17.4
17.7
17.4
17.5
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.6
17.4
17.8
17.3
17.5
17.2
17.0
17.2
16.9
17.1
16.6
16.9
16.4
16.4
16.6
16.4
16.9
17.1
17.3
17.7
18.4
18.7
18.9
EPA-420-R-12-001a
C-2
March 2012
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
svEPA
united Si»ies
Environmental P
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
Prod
(000)
7274
8685
10027
10018
9727
8774
7935
7007
7066
9672
9807
10136
9923
10122
9558
8434
8158
7800
7971
8055
9011
7622
8037
7722
8120
8826
7961
7860
7413
6982
7305
7179
7473
6750
5140
5601
6062
963
Frac
0.711
0.704
0.710
0.693
0.701
0.776
0.752
0.720
0.686
0.690
0.678
0.660
0.668
0.662
0.661
0.669
0.649
0.641
0.603
0.570
0.595
0.580
0.556
0.534
0.534
0.532
0.510
0.488
0.470
0.444
0.460
0.475
0.489
0.486
0.552
0.504
0.490
0.094
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.8
17.5
18.4
20.0
20.3
23.5
25.1
26.1
25.7
26.3
26.9
28.0
28.2
28.6
28.2
27.8
28.0
27.6
28.1
28.0
28.3
28.3
28.4
28.5
28.2
28.2
28.5
28.8
29.0
29.0
29.7
29.3
30.5
30.6
32.0
33.1
33.6
16.1
Adj
City
12.3
13.7
14.4
15.6
16.0
18.3
19.5
20.1
19.8
20.2
20.6
21.3
21.3
21.5
20.9
20.5
20.5
20.0
20.2
20.0
19.9
19.8
19.8
19.7
19.4
19.3
19.4
19.5
19.5
19.3
19.7
19.4
20.2
20.2
21.2
21.9
22.1
12.5
Adj
Hwy
15.1
16.6
17.4
19.2
19.3
22.6
24.2
25.6
25.4
26.0
26.7
27.7
27.8
28.3
27.9
27.5
27.6
27.5
27.8
27.7
28.1
28.0
28.0
28.0
27.5
27.3
27.5
27.4
27.6
27.6
27.9
27.7
28.5
28.6
29.7
30.6
31.3
15.6
Adj
Comp
13.4
14.9
15.6
17.0
17.3
20.0
21.4
22.3
22.0
22.4
23.0
23.8
23.9
24.2
23.8
23.4
23.4
23.1
23.4
23.2
23.4
23.4
23.4
23.4
23.0
22.9
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.2
23.6
23.4
24.2
24.3
25.3
26.1
26.5
13.8
Weight
Lb
4071
4044
3936
3572
3468
3092
3079
3039
3121
3091
3091
3026
3013
3035
3088
3167
3147
3234
3210
3251
3266
3276
3274
3304
3361
3366
3366
3379
3416
3444
3444
3526
3503
3529
3478
3490
3540
3957
Vol Cu-
Ft
106.9
106.0
105.9
102.4
104.5
103.4
106.7
105.1
106.0
105.0
104.4
105.4
106.4
105.8
105.6
107.3
107.1
107.2
107.8
108.2
108.0
108.0
108.4
108.9
108.3
109.1
108.8
108.8
109.6
109.5
109.1
109.0
109.3
109.9
109.9
Engine
cro
293
288
281
252
239
188
184
175
185
180
179
168
162
160
162
163
163
170
167
168
168
166
164
164
166
166
165
166
167
170
167
174
167
167
157
159
158
256
HP
137
134
134
124
120
101
99
99
105
106
112
111
113
116
121
129
133
141
140
143
154
154
157
159
164
168
169
173
178
182
181
195
190
195
187
190
196
129
0-60
Time
14.1
14.4
13.9
13.6
13.7
14.2
14.3
14.3
13.9
13.7
13.2
13.1
13.0
12.7
12.4
12.1
11.8
11.5
11.5
11.4
10.8
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.3
10.3
10.1
10.0
9.8
9.8
9.5
9.6
9.5
9.7
9.5
9.4
14.3
HP/
cro
0.506
0.500
0.516
0.537
0.546
0.584
0.589
0.610
0.613
0.636
0.670
0.702
0.732
0.759
0.784
0.830
0.852
0.868
0.868
0.885
0.948
0.958
0.975
0.991
1.007
1.030
1.039
1.063
1.081
1.095
1.104
1.137
1.152
1.175
1.188
1.196
1.248
0.585
HP/
WT
0.0333
0.0326
0.0337
0.0344
0.0341
0.0324
0.0321
0.0322
0.0334
0.0341
0.0358
0.0363
0.0367
0.0376
0.0388
0.0402
0.0415
0.0429
0.0429
0.0434
0.0463
0.0465
0.0471
0.0476
0.0482
0.0493
0.0495
0.0507
0.0514
0.0522
0.0519
0.0543
0.0533
0.0540
0.0526
0.0533
0.0544
0.0322
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
32.4
35.4
36.4
35.9
35.4
36.5
38.9
40.1
40.5
41.0
41.9
42.6
42.7
43.7
43.7
44.2
44.2
44.8
45.3
45.7
46.3
46.5
46.6
47.3
47.5
47.6
48.3
48.9
49.9
50.4
51.8
52.5
54.4
55.1
56.6
60.1
61.3
32.2
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
2031
2193
2210
2462
2689
2779
2835
2843
2928
3006
3001
3083
3052
2987
3007
3011
3059
3049
3098
3106
3104
3122
3088
3103
3142
3190
3212
3227
3353
3311
3454
3471
3620
3845
3868
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
3894
3816
3770
3756
4081
4161
4331
4309
4448
4479
4460
4615
4659
4687
4680
4819
4859
4900
4998
5036
5039
5115
5157
5188
5240
5342
5438
5496
5703
5770
5960
6025
6207
6629
6761
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-l
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
Drivetrain
Front
6.5%
6.0%
6.8%
9.9%
12.8%
31.1%
36.5%
46.1%
48.1%
52.8%
62.3%
71.2%
77.5%
82.2%
83.1%
85.3%
83.8%
81.2%
85.3%
84.4%
82.2%
87.2%
87.3%
88.2%
88.3%
85.8%
85.1%
86.0%
82.6%
82.0%
81.6%
76.7%
80.9%
78 3%
82.9%
81 1%
79.2%
6.6%
4WD
0.6%
0.4%
0.4%
0.5%
0.4%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.6%
0.4%
0.9%
0.7%
0.6%
0.2%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.8%
0.9%
0.9%
1.6%
2.3%
2.0%
3.2%
3.5%
3.9%
4.5%
5 7%
5.3%
5 6%
6.5%
Transmission
Manual
18.9%
17.0%
16.6%
19.8%
21.3%
30.7%
29.2%
29.4%
25.4%
24.4%
22.7%
25.1%
25.5%
24.7%
21.4%
19.9%
20.8%
17.5%
17.8%
16.8%
16.3%
14.9%
13.4%
12.2%
10.8%
11.2%
11.4%
11.0%
11.0%
10.1%
9.2%
9.5%
8.5%
76%
6.3%
5 3%
7.9%
25.3%
Lockup
0.3%
7.0%
9.2%
15.7%
33.9%
51.6%
58.7%
58.3%
58.7%
58.0%
58.9%
66.0%
69.1%
72.7%
73.3%
76.3%
76.8%
79.1%
81.9%
83.5%
85.9%
87.4%
88.6%
87.7%
87.5%
88.3%
88.0%
88.1%
87.8%
87.7%
80.3%
79 6%
81.8%
78 5%
74.4%
CVT
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.9%
2.7%
11.2%
12 5%
11.6%
14 6%
13.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.3%
3 2%
4.7%
69%
14.8%
Port
5.5%
3.3%
4.3%
5.3%
5.1%
6.5%
6.3%
7.5%
10.1%
15.9%
22.4%
37.3%
42.0%
54.0%
62.3%
77.5%
77.9%
89.6%
91.4%
94.7%
98.7%
98.8%
99.1%
99.7%
99.7%
99.7%
99.7%
99.6%
99.7%
99.7%
99.6%
99.3%
99.6%
96.7%
94.7%
92.5%
84.6%
2.7%
TBI
0.7%
2.9%
10.9%
19.7%
24.1%
33.0%
28.9%
30.6%
29.4%
28.1%
21.2%
22.0%
10.4%
8.6%
5.3%
1.2%
1.1%
0.8%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
Diesel
0.3%
0.3%
0.5%
1.0%
2.2%
4.1%
5.9%
4.7%
2.1%
1.6%
0.9%
0.3%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
04%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
07%
0.0%
0.1%
0.6%
0.7%
0.6%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
94.8%
84.9%
79.4%
75.1%
66.8%
65.7%
64.7%
62.3%
58.0%
47.2%
42.7%
41.2%
39.0%
35.8%
35.4%
34.2%
31 5%
27.7%
24.3%
22.2%
20 4%
15.8%
13.2%
8.8%
7.7%
6.7%
Three
3.4%
9.6%
10.0%
12.1%
5.6%
6.4%
4.6%
3.2%
1.9%
1.1%
1.0%
1.0%
1.5%
2.1%
1.8%
2.1%
20%
2.4%
1.9%
2.5%
1 8%
1.1%
0.7%
0.4%
0.4%
0.0%
Four
1.7%
5.5%
10.6%
12.8%
27.6%
27.9%
30.7%
34.5%
40.0%
51.7%
56.3%
57.6%
58.7%
60.7%
61.3%
60.9%
63 8%
67.0%
71.3%
74.2%
77 4%
83.1%
86.2%
90.8%
91.9%
93.3%
Five
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.8%
1.5%
1.6%
2.8%
27%
2.9%
2.4%
1.1%
03%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
VVT
0.6%
2.5%
4.7%
5.0%
8.2%
10.0%
11.9%
11.6%
18.8%
17.2%
23.3%
28.7%
34 7%
41.2%
44.4%
52.7%
62 4%
67.3%
65.2%
80.1%
90.4%
94.9%
Hybrid
0.1%
0.0%
03%
0.6%
1.0%
2.3%
1 7%
3.7%
3.7%
3.2%
6.6%
6.9%
Vehicle Size
Small
56.2%
58.0%
54.7%
46.2%
45.3%
55.0%
51.4%
57.6%
52.6%
58.6%
56.3%
61.2%
65.0%
66.3%
59.4%
59.3%
61.7%
56.9%
56.9%
58.6%
57.6%
55.1%
55.3%
49.8%
48.3%
48.3%
51.1%
48 4%
49.5%
46.9%
43.6%
44 5%
43.0%
42.3%
43.9%
44.8%
36.2%
49.5%
Midsize
22.4%
22.6%
22.2%
33.3%
33.0%
34.0%
36.6%
30.5%
32.1%
28.6%
28.3%
26.3%
22.7%
20.9%
27.1%
27.8%
25.9%
27.2%
29.2%
25.5%
27.9%
31.0%
29.8%
38.4%
38.7%
32.8%
31.2%
35 7%
33.5%
36.1%
39.5%
33 6%
41.3%
36.8%
37.5%
40.4%
43.6%
30.0%
Large
21.4%
19.3%
23.1%
20.4%
21.7%
11.0%
12.1%
11.9%
15.3%
12.8%
15.4%
12.5%
12.3%
12.9%
13.5%
13.0%
12.4%
15.9%
13.8%
15.9%
14.5%
14.0%
14.9%
11.8%
13.0%
18.9%
17.8%
15.9%
17.0%
17.0%
16.9%
21.9%
15.7%
20.8%
18.6%
14.9%
20.2%
20.4%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-2
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
Prod
(000)
1037
1273
1157
1067
669
798
812
936
1003
983
878
808
613
461
376
366
307
486
360
385
268
298
250
259
302
447
444
509
556
722
815
612
579
501
457
491
28
32
Frac
0.084
0.090
0.080
0.077
0.059
0.076
0.083
0.091
0.072
0.068
0.057
0.054
0.040
0.032
0.030
0.029
0.025
0.037
0.026
0.025
0.020
0.021
0.017
0.017
0.018
0.029
0.028
0.032
0.035
0.045
0.054
0.040
0.042
0.054
0.041
0.040
0.003
0.003
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
17.3
18.0
19.2
19.7
23.6
25.6
25.3
27.2
26.4
27.5
27.1
27.2
27.6
26.9
26.7
28.0
27.5
29.6
29.4
29.6
27.7
28.9
28.3
27.7
27.7
26.9
26.7
29.1
27.8
28.0
28.4
29.0
30.3
32.7
34.0
34.5
13.6
13.6
Adj
City
13.6
14.3
15.1
15.6
18.5
20.0
19.6
21.1
20.4
21.2
20.7
20.6
20.7
20.0
19.7
20.5
19.9
21.3
20.9
21.0
19.6
20.4
19.8
19.2
19.2
18.7
18.4
20.0
19.0
19.0
19.2
19.5
20.4
22.2
23.1
23.5
10.7
10.5
Adj
Hwy
16.4
16.9
18.3
18.4
22.5
24.6
24.6
26.3
25.9
26.9
26.6
26.7
27.0
26.5
26.4
27.6
27.4
29.1
29.1
29.0
27.0
27.9
27.0
26.6
26.2
25.1
24.9
26.5
25.4
25.5
25.8
26.5
27.4
28.9
29.7
30.0
12.8
13.1
Adj
Comp
14.7
15.3
16.4
16.7
20.1
21.8
21.6
23 2
22.6
23.4
23.0
23.0
23.3
22.6
22.4
23.4
23.0
24.6
24.4
24.4
22.8
23.7
23.1
22.6
22.4
21.7
21.5
23 2
22.1
22.2
22.5
23.0
23.9
25.5
26.4
26.8
11.6
11.6
Weight
Lb
4182
4005
3723
3637
3231
3040
3188
3047
3175
3112
3215
3248
3242
3327
3367
3305
3391
3154
3217
3189
3453
3283
3359
3460
3468
3631
3610
3425
3683
3652
3603
3559
3495
3326
3279
3290
4317
4314
Vol Cu-
Ft
138.1
135.7
135.6
128.4
126.2
129.4
123.9
131.5
130.2
133.3
133.5
133.6
135.5
135.0
134.0
136.2
129.8
130.5
129.7
131.8
128.0
128.1
130.8
130.8
127.0
125.4
121.3
130.9
129.7
128.8
123.3
121.4
117.5
118.2
116.7
Engine
cro
276
266
243
234
189
165
178
161
166
158
162
162
163
171
165
158
171
150
154
147
155
142
143
148
147
150
149
135
151
158
154
148
142
129
125
123
318
314
HP
132
127
123
117
96
94
98
94
100
101
106
112
114
121
127
124
137
117
128
126
144
138
149
156
158
162
163
155
187
189
188
179
172
156
151
155
143
136
0-60
Time
14.7
14.6
14.1
14.5
15.2
14.6
14.8
14.8
14.6
14.3
14.1
13.6
13.3
13.0
12.6
12.7
12.1
12.8
12.4
12.4
11.8
11.6
11.1
10.9
10.9
11.0
10.9
10.9
10.1
9.9
10.0
10.2
10.3
10.6
10.7
10.5
14.0
14.4
HP/
cro
0.526
0.523
0.548
0.535
0.567
0.644
0.603
0.636
0.645
0.677
0.690
0.730
0.745
0.758
0.815
0.823
0.867
0.811
0.848
0.873
0.945
0.972
1.043
1.062
1.076
1.084
1.109
1.160
1.248
1.220
1.228
1.217
1.215
1.208
1.204
1.264
0.447
0.438
HP/
WT
0.0312
0.0315
0.0327
0.0317
0.0297
0.0312
0.0305
0.0305
0.0311
0.0320
0.0327
0.0342
0.0352
0.0363
0.0376
0.0372
0.0403
0.0368
0.0390
0.0390
0.0414
0.0419
0.0442
0.0449
0.0454
0.0446
0.0452
0.0453
0.0504
0.0511
0.0514
0.0497
0.0486
0.0465
0.0457
0.0467
0.0329
0.0316
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
36.2
36.3
35.8
35.8
38.4
39.1
40.4
41.6
42.1
42.7
43.4
44.1
44.6
44.6
45.0
46.3
46.7
46.8
47.5
47.3
47.9
47.5
47.4
47.9
48.0
49.0
48.4
50.4
51.4
51.4
51.3
51.9
53.2
54.7
56.1
57.2
29.7
30.1
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
2559
2642
2694
3098
3287
3334
3420
3546
3638
3642
3660
3708
3663
3624
3783
3772
3894
3896
3885
3677
3741
3650
3650
3649
3448
3378
3595
3687
3705
3701
3642
3739
3886
4086
4093
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
5018
4875
4864
4956
4956
5245
5149
5543
5580
5813
5911
5987
6068
6080
6218
6371
6087
6196
6132
6323
6086
6084
6280
6291
6233
6090
6117
6732
6678
6605
6410
6470
6417
6646
6680
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-3
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
Drivetrain
Front
4.1%
7.0%
7.2%
3.8%
11.3%
42.4%
42.0%
41.1%
62.9%
54.4%
69.4%
71.5%
73.8%
71.2%
68.9%
71.8%
70.2%
81.3%
84.9%
77.5%
66.7%
65.7%
50.7%
52.9%
58.2%
66.2%
66.5%
73.0%
65.8%
61.4%
67.5%
75.6%
71.2%
79.3%
88.3%
84.9%
4WD
3.5%
4.6%
4.2%
4.2%
22.3%
7.2%
21.5%
9.2%
10.5%
8.5%
7.7%
13.7%
12.4%
12.2%
10.3%
6.2%
15.1%
28.3%
32.9%
46.3%
43.3%
37.6%
32.2%
31.5%
25.5%
33.3%
28.2%
22.5%
21.1%
25.7%
20.5%
10.5%
13.3%
Transmission
Manual
17.5%
18.0%
19.5%
19.0%
33.8%
36.8%
28.0%
30.7%
22.1%
23.6%
21.4%
17.3%
17.4%
12.9%
13.9%
14.7%
15.2%
18.6%
16.4%
16.9%
15.1%
16.5%
15.7%
14.5%
11.1%
11.6%
14.6%
14.1%
10.5%
10.1%
8.5%
8.4%
12.6%
12.1%
10.1%
12.5%
34.6%
38.5%
Lockup
7.8%
4.8%
31.5%
27.5%
49.0%
42.1%
58.4%
58.6%
58.3%
66.4%
67.1%
73.3%
76.5%
80.4%
80.2%
78.7%
81.7%
81.7%
84.9%
83.5%
84.3%
84.8%
87.4%
88.1%
85.1%
85.9%
89.5%
89.9%
91.5%
91.6%
87.4%
84.5%
68.6%
60.8%
CVT
3.4%
16.1%
26.2%
Fuel Metering
GDI
2.7%
2.6%
3.2%
9.3%
Port
2.6%
3.4%
3.4%
1.4%
2.2%
4.4%
4.3%
4.4%
6.1%
12.1%
29.8%
48.2%
48.9%
64.1%
76.4%
80.8%
89.0%
93.5%
98.7%
100.0%
99.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.5%
98.7%
99.2%
99.0%
100.0%
99.8%
97.1%
95.2%
91.5%
85.4%
TBI
0.0%
0.3%
13.0%
26.7%
22.7%
22.7%
29.2%
39.8%
23.2%
18.0%
19.2%
11.0%
6.5%
1.3%
Diesel
0.1%
0.3%
0.5%
1.1%
9.3%
6.5%
4.7%
1.5%
2.0%
1.0%
0.4%
0.3%
0.5%
0.0%
0.5%
1.3%
0.8%
1.0%
02%
0.2%
2.2%
5.3%
5.3%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
90.5%
91.9%
85.6%
70.8%
71.1%
74.3%
79.6%
80.4%
63.5%
42.9%
45.9%
27.7%
22.9%
20.1%
7.3%
5.9%
4.9%
2.8%
17.8%
7.9%
74%
0.7%
0.0%
Three
2.2%
0.3%
1.1%
1.9%
2.3%
1.8%
1.3%
1.8%
0.9%
1.5%
0.6%
2.6%
02%
Four
7.3%
7.8%
13.3%
29.2%
28.9%
25.7%
20.4%
19.6%
36.5%
57.1%
54.1%
68.1%
66.5%
69.1%
84.0%
86.1%
86.8%
90.6%
79.8%
89.5%
92 4%
99.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
2.3%
8.4%
9.0%
7.5%
6.3%
7.4%
5.1%
1.8%
0.0%
00%
0.0%
VVT
0.7%
0.3%
4.4%
5.1%
5.8%
3.9%
6.8%
12.3%
25.0%
22.5%
18.4%
42.5%
41.6%
40.9%
44.6%
39 9%
43.2%
76.0%
92.6%
92.2%
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Small
33.3%
30.2%
31.2%
29.0%
46.4%
52.4%
47.0%
56.7%
46.0%
50.5%
39.7%
44.7%
41.3%
34.5%
42.6%
57.1%
46.6%
62.1%
57.3%
51.5%
33.5%
50.0%
39.0%
30.0%
22.4%
47.3%
53.2%
66.4%
54.0%
50.6%
60.5%
63.6%
72.6%
86.6%
98.3%
99.2%
22.4%
26.7%
Midsize
46.7%
43.0%
43.5%
45.2%
38.4%
34.1%
35.0%
29.5%
36.4%
34.7%
46.6%
44.4%
46.4%
51.9%
49.1%
33.5%
44.7%
34.1%
38.4%
45.8%
63.0%
50.0%
61.0%
70.0%
77.6%
52.7%
46.8%
33.6%
28.4%
33.0%
27.0%
24.5%
23.4%
12.7%
1.7%
0.8%
51.0%
47.2%
Large
20.0%
26.8%
25.3%
25.8%
15.2%
13.5%
18.0%
13.9%
17.6%
14.8%
13.7%
10.9%
12.3%
13.6%
8.3%
9.4%
8.7%
3.8%
4.4%
2.7%
3.5%
17.7%
16.4%
12.5%
11.9%
3.9%
0.6%
26.6%
26.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-4
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
All
All
All
Model
Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
Prod
(000)
45
38
25
4
3
18
35
60
104
68
104
117
120
73
231
253
485
332
313
488
562
598
639
772
1141
1180
1015
1111
1060
1077
1260
1217
806
1089
1160
8265
9754
11344
Frac
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.007
0.008
0.008
0.006
0.018
0.021
0.037
0.023
0.021
0.037
0.039
0.041
0.042
0.047
0.073
0.073
0.064
0.071
0.067
0.071
0.082
0.088
0.087
0.098
0.094
0.808
0.791
0.803
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.1
14.2
14.9
16.3
16.8
21.5
24.0
21.8
21.4
21.1
22.1
22 2
22.0
21.8
21.7
21.4
20.4
21.8
21.1
21.2
21.7
21.9
22.0
21.5
22.8
22.3
23.3
23.6
24.4
24.8
25.2
26.1
27.1
28.2
28.7
15.8
17.4
18.3
Adj
City
12.0
11.1
12.3
13.1
13.4
17.9
19.2
16.9
16.3
16.3
16.6
16.7
16.6
16.4
16.4
16.0
15.0
16.1
15.4
15.3
15.7
15.8
15.7
15.3
16.0
15.6
16.2
16.1
16.7
16.9
17.2
17.8
18.4
19.0
19.3
12.3
13.7
14.4
Adj
Hwy
14.0
13.6
13.0
15.1
15.6
18.5
22.0
21.2
21.4
20.4
22.1
21.9
21.2
20.8
20.5
20.1
19.6
20.5
20.0
20.1
20.2
20.4
20.3
19.9
21.0
20.7
21.5
21.9
22.3
22.7
23.0
23.8
24.7
25.8
26.4
15.2
16.6
17.3
Adj
Comp
12.8
12.1
12.6
13.9
14.3
18.2
20.4
18.6
18.3
18.0
18.7
18.8
18.5
18.3
18.1
17.8
17.0
18.0
17.5
17.5
17.8
17.9
17.9
17.5
18.4
18.1
18.8
19.0
19.5
19.7
20.1
20.8
21.5
22.4
22.8
13.5
14.9
15.6
Weight
Lb
4290
4288
3707
4457
4458
3173
3168
3559
3633
3612
3583
3563
3580
3600
3745
3726
3852
3735
3933
4020
3929
3914
3923
3945
3969
4041
3977
4027
3988
4040
4026
3986
3953
3989
3969
4058
4060
3945
Vol Cu-
Ft
122.0
121.9
111.5
125.0
125.0
109.7
115.9
123.7
125.0
125.0
119.5
116.8
117.8
115.7
119.9
120.2
122.5
120.3
123.0
122.9
120.9
123.7
124.7
122.9
125.6
130.6
128.3
128.6
130.5
131.4
132.2
130.8
130.9
130.9
133.4
110.4
Engine
cro
306
300
232
307
292
202
168
190
195
191
192
207
231
215
215
209
237
209
217
224
212
218
220
221
205
209
204
208
197
196
193
186
180
179
179
288
287
279
HP
139
143
115
145
137
108
102
111
116
125
132
142
147
148
145
153
178
163
163
170
169
175
176
179
189
201
201
208
203
203
212
211
212
217
222
136
134
133
0-60
Time
14.1
13.7
14.6
14.1
14.8
13.6
14.1
14.5
14.3
13.4
12.8
12.0
11.7
11.8
12.5
12.0
10.8
11.3
11.8
11.5
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.9
10.5
10.1
10.0
9.9
9.9
10.0
9.7
9.6
9.5
9.5
9.3
14.2
14.4
14.0
HP/
cro
0.456
0.476
0.534
0.475
0.471
0.543
0.612
0.602
0.611
0.680
0.706
0.701
0.657
0.707
0.683
0.738
0.759
0.791
0.764
0.783
0.828
0.828
0.837
0.847
0.947
0.979
1.005
1.008
1.042
1.044
1.108
1.139
1.180
1.216
1.238
0.515
0.502
0.516
HP/
WT
0.0323
0.0332
0.0308
0.0326
0.0307
0.0339
0.0325
0.0313
0.0318
0.0347
0.0371
0.0400
0.0414
0.0411
0.0385
0.0408
0.0460
0.0434
0.0415
0.0424
0.0433
0.0445
0.0447
0.0453
0.0477
0.0496
0.0504
0.0515
0.0509
0.0501
0.0524
0.0525
0.0535
0.0541
0.0556
0.0331
0.0324
0.0335
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
33.0
31.1
27.7
36.6
37.7
33.6
38.3
39.3
39.6
38.5
39.7
39.8
39.5
39.4
40.7
39.9
39.6
40.6
41.5
42.7
42.7
43.1
43.3
42.7
45.4
45.4
46.6
47.8
48.9
50.5
51.1
52.5
53.9
56.7
57.3
32.3
35.5
36.4
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
1884
1780
1720
2056
2112
2376
2809
2760
2764
2690
2665
2614
2608
2542
2622
2591
2525
2632
2611
2627
2644
2731
2757
2662
2878
2943
3025
3065
3220
3303
3371
3457
3583
3732
3866
2090
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
4074
3850
3087
4580
4707
3745
4525
4874
4944
4807
4744
4638
4647
4552
4901
4815
4855
4904
5116
5245
5164
5334
5391
5240
5709
5940
5983
6149
6388
6627
6749
6857
7052
7415
7657
4021
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-5
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
All
All
All
Model
Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
Drivetrain
Front
2.6%
0.1%
3.7%
5.4%
7.9%
11.7%
10.2%
41.7%
33.5%
46.6%
52.1%
65.9%
67.8%
75.4%
80.9%
92.3%
93.0%
93.2%
6.5%
5.8%
6.8%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
45.3%
50.5%
28.6%
7.5%
3.9%
3.3%
18.6%
18.0%
13.4%
15.7%
13.0%
22.9%
26.3%
32.7%
22.2%
24.6%
11.2%
21.5%
18.4%
11.9%
15.1%
9.0%
6.9%
4.8%
4.2%
4.2%
4.5%
3.7%
3.3%
2.6%
1.7%
1.1%
0.8%
0.4%
1.5%
19.7%
17.2%
16.9%
Lockup
2.5%
88.0%
96.1%
26.6%
41.8%
60.1%
70.7%
77.9%
83.2%
74.8%
71.0%
59.0%
76.9%
75.4%
88.8%
70.9%
81.6%
88.1%
81.0%
91.0%
93.1%
95.2%
95.8%
95.7%
90.7%
92.7%
93.3%
92.0%
91.6%
90.3%
86.0%
89.3%
88.9%
0.3%
CVT
0.1%
4.8%
3.6%
3.4%
5.5%
6.7%
8.6%
13.3%
9.4%
8.4%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.6%
2.5%
15.6%
11.1%
Port
0.0%
29.8%
45.0%
40.3%
60.3%
50.2%
69.7%
90.8%
92.1%
93.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.3%
97.5%
84.4%
88.9%
5.1%
3.2%
4.2%
TBI
4.5%
75.5%
61.2%
54.5%
58.4%
35.1%
49.0%
29.1%
8.5%
7.9%
6.4%
Diesel
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
88.5%
86.6%
69.0%
55.0%
62.3%
61.7%
64.9%
60.2%
42.8%
33.6%
32.4%
24.8%
17.3%
18.2%
10.2%
5.4%
2.6%
1.3%
Three
6.6%
Four
11.5%
13.4%
31.0%
45.0%
31.1%
38.3%
35.1%
39.8%
57.2%
66.4%
67.6%
75.2%
82.7%
81.8%
89.8%
94.6%
97.4%
98.7%
Five
VVT
3.5%
4.0%
13.6%
26.3%
35.1%
42.9%
40.9%
47.1%
54.7%
61.6%
72.8%
93.3%
98.5%
Hybrid
0.4%
2.6%
2.1%
2.3%
2.1%
0.6%
0.5%
Vehicle Size
Small
33.4%
34.6%
53.9%
61.3%
36.4%
5.2%
0.0%
22.0%
32.8%
28.9%
37.1%
20.2%
19.1%
10.0%
18.7%
8.1%
8.5%
18.9%
14.0%
10.3%
17.0%
12.7%
9.8%
5.9%
4.4%
4.3%
0.9%
0.5%
0.3%
0.3%
55.3%
55.3%
51.8%
Midsize
45.3%
43.0%
46.1%
99.8%
100.0%
38.7%
63.6%
94.8%
100.0%
100.0%
78.0%
67.2%
71.1%
62.9%
79.8%
80.9%
90.0%
81.3%
91.9%
91.5%
78.5%
77.2%
80.7%
74.6%
72.0%
57.8%
74.8%
76.9%
69.5%
74.4%
69.3%
76.0%
75.6%
63.3%
66.7%
23.4%
25.3%
24.6%
Large
21.3%
22.4%
0.2%
0.0%
2.6%
8.9%
8.9%
8.4%
15.3%
32.4%
19.2%
18.6%
26.2%
25.6%
29.8%
23.5%
24.1%
36.5%
33.3%
21.3%
19.4%
23.5%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-6
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
Prod
(000)
11213
10819
9448
8736
7837
8037
10735
10895
11083
10836
10853
10138
8882
8755
8361
8941
8747
9708
8379
8897
8570
9019
9899
9549
9484
8937
8649
9088
9070
9345
8546
6448
7147
7713
457
502
514
625
Frac
0.776
0.779
0.836
0.828
0.805
0.780
0.766
0.753
0.721
0.729
0.710
0.701
0.704
0.696
0.687
0.677
0.619
0.641
0.637
0.615
0.593
0.593
0.597
0.612
0.588
0.567
0.551
0.572
0.600
0.612
0.615
0.692
0.643
0.624
0.045
0.041
0.036
0.043
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.9
20.2
23.5
25.1
26.0
25.9
26.3
26.9
27.8
28.0
28.5
28.1
27.7
27.8
27.4
27.6
27.7
28.0
27.7
27.9
27.9
27.6
27.5
27.6
27.7
28.2
28.1
28.8
28.6
29.5
29.8
31.3
32.3
32.8
13.1
13.9
14.7
14.2
Adj
City
15.5
15.9
18.3
19.5
20.1
19.9
20.2
20.6
21.2
21.2
21.4
20.8
20.4
20.3
19.8
19.9
19.8
19.8
19.5
19.5
19.4
19.1
18.9
18.9
18.9
19.0
18.8
19.2
19.1
19.7
19.9
20.9
21.5
21.7
10.6
11.1
11.9
11.6
Adj
Hwy
19.1
19.2
22.6
24.2
25.5
25.5
25.9
26.7
27.5
27.7
28.1
27.8
27.4
27.4
27.2
27.2
27.4
27.8
27.3
27.3
27.3
26.8
26.5
26.4
26.2
26.7
26.5
26.9
26.8
27.5
27.8
28.9
29.7
30.4
11.9
12.8
13.3
12.7
Adj
Comp
16.9
17.2
20.0
21.4
22.2
22.1
22.4
23.0
23.7
23.7
24.1
23.6
23.3
23.2
22.9
23.0
23.0
23.2
22.9
22.9
22.9
22.5
22.4
22.4
22.3
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
23.5
23.7
24.8
25.5
25.9
11.1
11.8
12.5
12.1
Weight
Lb
3590
3485
3102
3076
3054
3112
3101
3098
3044
3036
3052
3105
3179
3169
3255
3242
3268
3284
3325
3315
3348
3404
3414
3450
3472
3481
3534
3524
3594
3577
3592
3526
3552
3589
4196
4200
4252
4250
Vol Cu-
Ft
109.1
108.9
104.2
106.5
106.1
108.7
107.6
108.4
107.4
106.7
107.1
107.8
107.1
107.2
108.7
109.2
108.7
109.2
109.8
109.4
109.7
110.2
110.6
111.2
112.6
111.7
112.7
113.6
113.9
113.2
112.9
112.7
113.6
113.9
Engine
cro
252
238
188
182
175
182
179
177
167
162
161
163
163
164
171
170
169
169
169
167
168
170
170
170
171
170
173
170
175
169
168
158
159
159
318
324
332
329
HP
124
119
100
99
99
104
106
111
111
113
116
121
129
133
141
140
144
153
155
157
160
165
169
171
176
179
186
185
195
192
195
187
191
198
143
146
152
149
0-60
Time
13.7
13.8
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.0
13.8
13.3
13.2
13.0
12.8
12.4
12.1
11.9
11.5
11.5
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.4
10.3
10.1
10.0
9.8
9.9
9.6
9.6
9.6
9.8
9.6
9.5
13.9
13.7
13.3
13.4
HP/
cro
0.538
0.545
0.583
0.594
0.609
0.615
0.637
0.671
0.701
0.732
0.758
0.781
0.828
0.847
0.864
0.859
0.880
0.939
0.948
0.965
0.981
0.997
1.017
1.030
1.055
1.077
1.093
1.106
1.134
1.150
1.172
1.189
1.200
1.248
0.448
0.447
0.458
0.453
HP/
WT
0.0342
0.0338
0.0322
0.0320
0.0321
0.0330
0.0338
0.0354
0.0360
0.0365
0.0375
0.0387
0.0401
0.0413
0.0427
0.0427
0.0432
0.0459
0.0461
0.0467
0.0473
0.0479
0.0489
0.0490
0.0503
0.0509
0.0520
0.0517
0.0536
0.0530
0.0535
0.0522
0.0529
0.0541
0.0341
0.0347
0.0359
0.0351
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
35.9
35.4
36.6
38.9
40.1
40.7
41.1
41.9
42.6
42.7
43.7
43.7
44.2
44.2
44.7
45.0
45.5
46.2
46.3
46.4
47.0
47.2
47.2
48.0
48.4
49.5
50.1
51.5
52.2
53.8
54.6
56.1
59.3
60.4
28.1
29.7
31.7
30.8
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
2238
2257
2507
2743
2835
2903
2909
2990
3055
3047
3113
3075
3010
3029
3026
3075
3068
3113
3096
3097
3110
3081
3085
3125
3168
3213
3236
3365
3345
3455
3487
3636
3843
3882
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
3926
3876
3842
4161
4272
4427
4428
4555
4586
4571
4693
4722
4745
4750
4876
4925
4953
5047
5089
5082
5158
5206
5225
5342
5452
5538
5659
5860
5947
6096
6174
6329
6749
6891
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-7
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
Drivetrain
Front
9.6%
11.9%
29.7%
37.0%
45.5%
47.1%
53.4%
61.0%
70.7%
76.3%
80.8%
81.5%
83.9%
81.0%
78.4%
80.5%
81.3%
79.3%
81.7%
81.4%
81.5%
81.8%
79.1%
79.1%
78.5%
78.0%
77.1%
78.1%
74.8%
79 8%
78.2%
83.8%
83.3%
81.6%
4WD
0.3%
0.9%
0.7%
0.8%
3.1%
1.0%
2.1%
1.0%
1.1%
0.8%
1.0%
1.0%
1.3%
1.1%
1.1%
0.4%
1.1%
1.4%
1.6%
2.1%
2.1%
1.9%
2.9%
3.4%
3.1%
4.7%
5.1%
5.1%
5 0%
6.3%
5.9%
5.0%
6.0%
Transmission
Manual
19.9%
21.1%
30.9%
29.8%
29.2%
26.0%
24.1%
22.7%
24.7%
24.8%
24.2%
21.0%
19.7%
20.6%
17.6%
17.5%
16.9%
16.3%
14.7%
13.6%
12.0%
10.6%
10.7%
10.5%
10.3%
10.4%
9.3%
8.6%
8.6%
76%
7.0%
6.0%
4.9%
7.2%
23.3%
20.5%
14.3%
13.0%
Lockup
7.1%
8.8%
16.9%
33.4%
51.3%
56.7%
58.3%
58.8%
58.1%
59.7%
66.2%
69.3%
72.8%
73.6%
76.4%
77.6%
78.9%
81.9%
83.8%
85.5%
87.6%
88.8%
88.3%
88.5%
89.1%
88.2%
88.8%
88.6%
88.6%
82 6%
81.7%
82.5%
79.5%
75.7%
CVT
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
1.4%
1.7%
2.7%
2.8%
99%
11.1%
11.1%
13.9%
13.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
03%
3.0%
4.3%
8.0%
13.9%
Port
5.0%
4.7%
6.2%
6.1%
7.2%
9.4%
14.9%
21.2%
36.5%
42.4%
53.6%
62.1%
77.3%
77.2%
88.9%
91.5%
94.8%
98 6%
98.9%
99.2%
99.7%
99.8%
99.7%
99.8%
99.7%
99.7%
99.7%
99.6%
99.4%
99.7%
97.0%
95.1%
91.2%
85.3%
TBI
0.7%
2.6%
9.8%
18.8%
24.2%
31.8%
28.7%
30.8%
30.3%
28.2%
21.2%
22.6%
11.0%
8.5%
5.2%
1 3%
1.0%
0.7%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
Diesel
0.9%
2.1%
4.4%
5.9%
4.7%
2.1%
1.7%
0.9%
0.3%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0 1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
03%
0.3%
0.4%
0.6%
0.0%
0.1%
0.6%
0.9%
0.8%
Number of Valves
Two
95.3%
85.5%
80.3%
75.9%
67.3%
66.8%
66.1%
65.3%
60.1%
49 1%
44.3%
42.3%
40.3%
37.2%
37.2%
36.0%
31.7%
27 1%
24.0%
22.1%
18.9%
15.6%
11.9%
7.7%
6.5%
5.4%
Three
3.1%
9.0%
9.4%
11.5%
5.3%
6.0%
4.3%
2.8%
1.8%
1 0%
0.9%
0.9%
1.9%
1.9%
1.6%
1.8%
1.8%
2 1%
1.7%
2.0%
1.7%
0.9%
0.5%
0.3%
0.3%
0.0%
Four
1.6%
5.5%
10.3%
12.6%
27.4%
27.2%
29.6%
31.9%
38.1%
49 9%
54.8%
56.7%
57.0%
59.3%
59.5%
59.5%
64.0%
68 1%
72.1%
74.8%
79.1%
83.5%
87.6%
92.0%
93.2%
94.6%
Five
00%
0.0%
0.1%
0.8%
1.6%
1.7%
2.7%
2.5%
28%
2.3%
1.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
VVT
0.6%
2.4%
4.4%
4.5%
7.7%
95%
11.0%
10.6%
17.1%
16.1%
21.8%
26.6%
32.9%
40 6%
44.0%
50.4%
59.0%
63.8%
63.2%
78.8%
91.0%
95.3%
Hybrid
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0 5%
0.8%
1.9%
1.7%
3.2%
3.2%
2.8%
5.3%
5.5%
Vehicle Size
Small
44.6%
43.7%
54.4%
51.5%
56.6%
53.0%
57.1%
55.2%
59.1%
63.1%
64.5%
57.9%
58.4%
60.4%
55.4%
54.7%
57.0%
55.8%
51.7%
52.8%
46.9%
45.1%
45.1%
46.3%
43.8%
45 5%
41.9%
39.6%
40.7%
38.7%
38.4%
41.7%
41.4%
34.8%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
Midsize
34.4%
34.2%
34.4%
36.4%
31.0%
31.9%
29.7%
29.6%
28.4%
24.9%
22.8%
28.8%
29.0%
27.7%
29.4%
32.8%
28.2%
30.7%
35.5%
33.6%
41.8%
42.6%
37.4%
37.0%
39.0%
38 2%
40.9%
42.5%
37.9%
43.9%
41.5%
40.4%
41.4%
44.3%
66.1%
61.4%
61.0%
63.8%
Large
21.0%
22.1%
11.3%
12.2%
12.5%
15.0%
13.2%
15.2%
12.5%
12.1%
12.7%
13.3%
12.6%
12.0%
15.2%
12.6%
14.8%
13.6%
12.8%
13.6%
11.3%
12.4%
17.5%
16.7%
17.2%
16.3%
17.2%
17.9%
21.5%
17.4%
20.1%
17.9%
17.2%
20.9%
33.6%
38.3%
38.6%
35.8%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-8
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Model
Year
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Prod
(000)
481
242
245
311
383
676
855
1044
1114
1133
1278
1262
1034
1221
1441
1418
1662
1409
1266
1489
1463
1691
1233
1243
1232
953
1481
1166
847
790
368
559
552
159
212
238
342
376
Frac
0.035
0.021
0.023
0.032
0.037
0.048
0.059
0.068
0.075
0.074
0.088
0.100
0.082
0.100
0.109
0.100
0.110
0.107
0.088
0.103
0.096
0.102
0.079
0.077
0.078
0.061
0.093
0.077
0.055
0.057
0.040
0.050
0.045
0.016
0.017
0.017
0.024
0.027
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
13.5
16.6
17.5
17.3
17.7
18.9
19.5
20.6
20.9
21.2
21.1
21.2
21.4
21.5
21.9
21.5
21.8
22.2
22.1
22.7
22.3
22.8
22.1
23.0
23.5
23.7
24.0
24.3
24.2
24.6
25.0
25.0
26.2
12.9
13.8
15.1
14.4
12.4
Adj
City
11.1
13.3
14.0
13.9
14.1
15.0
15.5
16.1
16.2
16.2
16.1
16.0
16.0
15.9
16.0
15.7
15.8
15.9
15.7
16.0
15.6
15.9
15.3
15.9
16.0
16.0
16.1
16.2
16.1
16.4
16.7
16.7
17.5
10.6
11.2
12.2
11.6
10.3
Adj
Hwy
12.1
15.4
16.0
15.9
16.5
17.7
18.1
19.4
19.8
20.3
20.2
20.4
20.5
20.5
21.0
20.5
21.0
21.4
21.2
22.0
21.5
21.8
21.1
21.9
22.2
22.7
22.8
23.1
23.1
23.5
23.7
23.7
24.6
11.4
12.4
13.6
13.1
10.8
Adj
Comp
11.5
14.1
14.8
14.7
15.1
16.1
16.5
17.5
17.7
17.9
17.8
17.8
17.9
17.9
18.2
17.8
18.1
18.3
18.2
18.7
18.3
18.6
18.0
18.7
19.0
19.2
19.3
19.5
19.5
19.8
20.1
20.1
20.9
10.9
11.7
12.8
12.3
10.5
Weight
Lb
4541
4353
4324
4342
4414
4075
3975
3998
3972
4053
4057
4095
4133
4151
4105
4156
4110
4195
4241
4183
4307
4276
4519
4394
4393
4487
4430
4475
4479
4527
4572
4533
4517
4182
4312
4221
4268
4562
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
322
288
284
287
294
249
236
228
226
229
225
225
220
222
218
226
231
220
220
217
223
217
229
218
219
219
216
216
219
220
215
214
215
330
339
336
343
337
HP
144
131
129
132
136
126
129
127
142
147
146
149
149
152
155
159
159
171
174
180
183
183
202
199
202
214
209
211
225
221
220
212
262
146
141
144
149
145
0-60
Time
14.6
15.2
15.3
15.2
15.0
14.9
14.3
14.5
13.3
13.0
13.1
13.0
13.1
12.9
12.6
12.4
12.3
11.8
11.8
11.3
11.4
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.5
10.0
10.4
10.4
10.6
8.9
13.2
14.0
13.5
13.2
14.4
HP/
cro
0.451
0.459
0.458
0.463
0.466
0.538
0.578
0.588
0.657
0.671
0.680
0.682
0.701
0.705
0.730
0.721
0.708
0.790
0.802
0.840
0.832
0.857
0.897
0.929
0.929
0.988
0.976
0.984
1.034
1.010
1.033
1.001
1.226
0.441
0.414
0.426
0.432
0.432
HP/
WT
0.0317
0.0299
0.0298
0.0303
0.0307
0.0307
0.0322
0.0317
0.0356
0.0363
0.0360
0.0363
0.0359
0.0366
0.0378
0.0383
0.0387
0.0408
0.0410
0.0431
0.0424
0.0428
0.0447
0.0455
0.0459
0.0477
0.0472
0.0472
0.0503
0.0488
0.0482
0.0467
0.0581
0.0362
0.0334
0.0347
0.0353
0.0323
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
31.3
36.4
38.0
38.0
39.7
39.3
39.3
41.5
41.7
43.2
43.2
43.8
44.5
44.8
45.0
44.9
45.0
46.8
46.9
47.7
48.1
48.9
50.3
50.9
51.7
53.4
53.2
54.4
54.3
55.9
57.2
56.8
59.3
26.7
29.5
31.6
30.6
28.4
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-9
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Model
Year
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Drivetrain
Front
0.3%
0.2%
22.3%
30.4%
24.4%
27.5%
36.3%
34.4%
46.8%
38.2%
45.4%
49.8%
52.3%
61.3%
73.8%
64.7%
78.3%
76.0%
80.6%
69.3%
84.3%
83.5%
86.6%
89.2%
89.8%
93.8%
92.9%
94.1%
96.3%
91.0%
4WD
0.3%
1.3%
1.9%
0.8%
0.7%
6.6%
10.9%
5.5%
4.5%
6.4%
9.1%
2.3%
4.7%
3.2%
2.7%
2.7%
8.7%
3.0%
5.0%
4.9%
5.5%
4.5%
2.9%
4.0%
2.5%
1.6%
4.8%
98.9%
98.0%
98.1%
98.3%
73.9%
Transmission
Manual
14.8%
26.0%
21.9%
15.7%
12.0%
15.5%
10.0%
8.5%
6.4%
3.7%
2.9%
1.8%
1.4%
1.6%
1.2%
0.5%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.2%
42.5%
33.2%
34.2%
32.5%
33.6%
Lockup
6.8%
39.0%
46.6%
45.8%
59.3%
45.6%
47.4%
60.1%
67.6%
78.7%
76.5%
93.5%
96.5%
96.4%
97.2%
97.4%
98.2%
98.4%
99.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
94.9%
95.3%
95.5%
99.9%
99.7%
99.8%
94.7%
0.4%
CVT
5.1%
4.7%
4.5%
5.3%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
6.6%
6.3%
21.8%
45.8%
56.9%
58.1%
58.1%
63.3%
71.9%
79.0%
81.2%
87.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
1.8%
6.5%
4.6%
3.0%
3.5%
3.1%
2.9%
16.3%
30.2%
42.8%
41.8%
41.9%
36.6%
28.1%
21.0%
18.8%
12.6%
Diesel
1.8%
4.5%
1.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
Number of Valves
Two
96.5%
95.5%
94.3%
93.7%
89.6%
87.5%
78.4%
77.4%
71.6%
74.2%
47.7%
62.0%
53.2%
46.9%
47.2%
41.1%
48.2%
4.5%
Three
2.1%
1.0%
1.0%
1.1%
Four
1.4%
3.6%
4.7%
5.3%
10.4%
12.5%
21.6%
22.6%
28.4%
25.8%
52.3%
38.0%
46.8%
53.1%
52.8%
58.9%
51.8%
95.5%
Five
VVT
8.2%
15.0%
17.0%
20.9%
19.6%
46.1%
25.0%
36.4%
48.7%
48.1%
47.1%
37.7%
92.4%
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Small
1.8%
6.5%
4.6%
4.8%
3.7%
12.2%
10.9%
9.8%
11.3%
4.9%
2.8%
2.4%
1.5%
3.3%
0.8%
0.8%
0.4%
0.1%
2.1%
6.0%
3.6%
29.7%
24.2%
23.8%
22.7%
24.2%
Midsize
65.1%
53.8%
56.3%
58.0%
60.1%
62.1%
70.1%
74.9%
76.2%
83.0%
86.1%
89.1%
91.2%
89.1%
91.8%
91.4%
93.4%
92.1%
89.0%
91.1%
88.3%
90.0%
76.1%
91.0%
91.0%
93.7%
96.3%
94.0%
96.3%
94.5%
89.9%
93.7%
96.7%
68.3%
72.1%
72.9%
74.1%
46.8%
Large
33.1%
39.7%
39.2%
37.2%
36.2%
25.7%
19.0%
15.3%
12.5%
12.1%
11.1%
8.5%
7.3%
7.6%
7.4%
7.9%
6.3%
7.8%
11.0%
8.9%
11.7%
10.0%
23.9%
9.0%
9.0%
6.3%
3.7%
6.0%
3.7%
3.4%
4.1%
2.7%
3.3%
2.1%
3.7%
3.3%
3.2%
29.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-10
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Prod
(000)
180
134
144
255
565
631
705
769
851
806
636
864
750
826
1291
1503
1401
1888
1983
2191
2371
2309
3011
3131
3602
3024
2681
2971
2770
1509
2129
2357
1343
1866
2026
2268
2207
1437
Frac
0.016
0.013
0.015
0.025
0.040
0.044
0.046
0.052
0.056
0.056
0.050
0.069
0.062
0.063
0.091
0.099
0.107
0.131
0.137
0.144
0.143
0.148
0.187
0.198
0.229
0.190
0.177
0.195
0.199
0.162
0.192
0.191
0.131
0.151
0.143
0.157
0.159
0.127
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.5
16.8
17.3
18.6
19.1
19.6
20.1
20.5
20.2
19.7
19.6
20.0
19.4
19.6
19.3
19.3
19.6
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.6
20.0
20.0
20.1
20.2
20.8
21.2
21.9
22.5
24.0
24.7
24.9
14.0
14.6
16.0
15.7
15.5
19.4
Adj
City
12.5
13.4
13.7
14.5
15.0
15.2
15.7
15.8
15.5
15.1
14.8
15.0
14.4
14.5
14.3
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.1
14.1
14.0
14.2
14.0
14.0
14.0
14.2
14.6
15.0
15.4
16.3
16.8
16.9
11.1
11.7
12.9
12.8
12.7
15.5
Adj
Hwy
14.1
15.5
16.1
17.7
18.1
18.9
19.1
19.5
19.2
18.7
18.7
19.1
18.5
18.6
18.2
18.1
18.7
18.4
18.5
18.3
18.2
18.3
18.5
18.7
18.8
19.2
19.5
20.2
20.8
22.0
22.6
22.9
13.1
13.4
14.5
14.1
13.9
17.9
Adj
Comp
13.2
14.3
14.7
15.8
16.2
16.7
17.1
17.3
17.1
16.6
16.5
16.7
16.2
16.3
16.0
16.0
16.2
16.2
16.1
16.1
16.0
16.2
16.2
16.3
16.3
16.7
17.0
17.6
18.0
19.2
19.7
19.9
11.9
12.4
13.6
13.3
13.2
16.5
Weight
Lb
4231
4203
4494
4269
4045
4081
3951
3874
3900
4082
4096
4158
4206
4336
4331
4322
4375
4448
4468
4539
4625
4579
4692
4815
4821
4781
4751
4859
4782
4586
4586
4724
4012
4122
4092
4104
4142
3740
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
294
290
305
265
231
219
209
211
221
243
234
234
236
245
245
246
262
256
255
253
253
241
246
249
255
245
238
243
232
213
212
219
306
316
313
306
287
236
HP
130
131
132
127
121
123
127
137
144
156
155
162
170
179
180
179
191
191
192
204
206
214
230
234
243
244
241
255
252
246
244
261
141
139
146
144
136
118
0-60
Time
14.7
14.4
15.2
15.1
15.0
15.1
14.2
13.3
12.9
12.5
12.6
12.3
11.9
11.7
11.6
11.7
11.2
11.4
11.4
10.9
11.0
10.6
10.2
10.2
10.0
9.9
9.9
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.6
9.3
13.5
13.9
13.3
13.4
14.2
14.4
HP/
cro
0.452
0.460
0.442
0.507
0.555
0.586
0.655
0.683
0.684
0.667
0.694
0.708
0.736
0.752
0.756
0.753
0.743
0.767
0.776
0.839
0.841
0.919
0.952
0.963
0.974
1.016
1.029
1.070
1.102
1.166
1.169
1.215
0.491
0.466
0.496
0.496
0.502
0.549
HP/
WT
0.0307
0.0315
0.0298
0.0300
0.0300
0.0298
0.0323
0.0353
0.0369
0.0385
0.0381
0.0391
0.0408
0.0419
0.0420
0.0418
0.0438
0.0429
0.0429
0.0451
0.0447
0.0467
0.0489
0.0487
0.0504
0.0509
0.0505
0.0523
0.0523
0.0532
0.0529
0.0549
0.0351
0.0339
0.0357
0.0350
0.0327
0.0315
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
32.8
35.4
39.9
40.3
39.0
40.4
40.0
39.7
39.4
40.4
40.1
41.6
40.8
42.3
41.8
41.7
43.0
43.7
43.9
44.6
45.4
45.7
46.9
48.4
48.7
49.6
50.8
53.3
54.1
55.3
57.1
59.2
28.8
30.9
33.4
33.1
32.9
36.7
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-ll
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Truck SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Drivetrain
Front
0.3%
1.6%
4.3%
74%
5.7%
7.6%
1.8%
4WD
90.8%
92.1%
89.3%
91.7%
94.0%
93.7%
94.4%
95.3%
95.2%
94.8%
93.5%
97.1%
96.7%
94.5%
95.7%
95.7%
95.8%
92.9%
92.4%
84.8%
89.0%
89.7%
88.7%
84.0%
85.2%
87.4%
88.9%
85.5%
85.8%
86 2%
88.0%
84 3%
13.5%
20.9%
21.4%
27.0%
12.6%
21.1%
Transmission
Manual
44.4%
41.6%
33.0%
33.9%
30.5%
30.3%
39.4%
40.1%
34.8%
26.1%
29.3%
21.8%
21.7%
19.1%
15.2%
14.6%
6.0%
10.6%
7.9%
6.2%
5.2%
4.3%
3.7%
2.4%
2.4%
2.3%
2.5%
2.1%
1.7%
1 1%
1.8%
1 7%
41.1%
38.8%
35.9%
37.4%
39.9%
58.8%
Lockup
24.7%
40.1%
44.1%
52.5%
41.1%
58.4%
53.6%
50.9%
57.4%
65.7%
67.3%
76.7%
77.4%
79.9%
84.8%
85.4%
94.0%
89.4%
92.1%
93.8%
94.8%
95.7%
96.3%
96.1%
96.4%
96.1%
93.0%
93.1%
92.8%
88 4%
87.5%
85 7%
1.3%
21.9%
CVT
0.1%
1.5%
1.2%
1.6%
4.4%
4.8%
5.5%
10 5%
10.2%
10 0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
2.2%
78%
16.4%
20 9%
Port
4.5%
26.2%
33.5%
47.7%
47.0%
56.9%
62.1%
74.2%
82.7%
84.7%
84.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.7%
99.7%
99.7%
97.3%
91 6%
82.9%
78 4%
TBI
1.1%
20.9%
39.2%
34.3%
45.7%
37.5%
37.3%
25.8%
17.3%
15.3%
16.0%
1.0%
Diesel
2.4%
17.2%
7.6%
2.6%
1.7%
1.7%
0.5%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
0.7%
1.2%
2.5%
4.2%
Number of Valves
Two
86.6%
83.9%
88.7%
81.9%
81.1%
74.4%
78.4%
59.4%
55.7%
50.2%
47.3%
38.7%
30.6%
40.3%
30.3%
19.6%
17.4%
18.1%
Three
5.4%
2.4%
1.5%
1.7%
1.4%
1.1%
0.5%
4.6%
7.4%
2.1%
1.9%
0.8%
2.1%
2.0%
Four
8.0%
16.1%
11.3%
18.1%
18.9%
23.2%
20.1%
38.8%
42.9%
48.7%
51.6%
56.5%
61.8%
57.6%
67.8%
79.7%
80.5%
79.9%
Five
0.5%
0.2%
0.1%
VVT
3.1%
2.7%
13.3%
23.1%
30.3%
37.0%
47.1%
58.0%
51.9%
58.8%
68.9%
85.0%
93.2%
Hybrid
0.2%
2.7%
1.2%
2.4%
1.8%
1.9%
2.5%
Vehicle Size
Small
33.6%
31.9%
21.8%
16.7%
25.1%
18.3%
25.1%
30.1%
29.4%
24.0%
25.6%
10.3%
10.8%
11.6%
9.8%
10.9%
5.6%
20.3%
11.7%
11.3%
11.3%
10.6%
7.9%
6.5%
5.7%
5.6%
4.9%
4.5%
5.2%
3.6%
4.5%
3.9%
11.9%
9.3%
11.7%
11.6%
16.2%
31.5%
Midsize
53.3%
57.5%
63.1%
71.3%
66.2%
72.6%
66.7%
62.5%
62.5%
66.9%
63.1%
83.4%
79.3%
72.8%
77.1%
73.8%
77.2%
50.8%
58.6%
56.9%
54.3%
48.6%
37.2%
43.5%
45.7%
44.4%
49.1%
42.9%
47.3%
53.5%
54.3%
45.4%
4.2%
2.9%
3.4%
3.3%
4.6%
6.8%
Large
13.1%
10.6%
15.0%
12.0%
8.6%
9.1%
8.3%
7.4%
8.1%
9.1%
11.3%
6.3%
10.0%
15.6%
13.1%
15.3%
17.2%
28.9%
29.7%
31.8%
34.3%
40.7%
54.9%
50.0%
48.5%
50.0%
46.0%
52.6%
47.5%
42.9%
41.2%
50.6%
83.9%
87.8%
84.9%
85.0%
79.2%
61.7%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-12
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Model
Year
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Prod
(000)
1440
1441
1628
2043
2078
2532
2147
2459
2232
1835
1920
1840
2002
2669
2271
1955
2408
2415
2545
2613
2519
2381
2475
2506
2301
2188
2113
1794
989
1276
1744
1959
2580
2779
3235
3063
1859
1818
Frac
0.136
0.148
0.158
0.146
0.144
0.165
0.144
0.161
0.154
0.145
0.153
0.151
0.152
0.189
0.150
0.149
0.167
0.167
0.167
0.158
0.161
0.148
0.157
0.160
0.145
0.145
0.138
0.129
0.106
0.115
0.141
0.192
0.209
0.197
0.224
0.221
0.164
0.172
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
21.0
21.7
22.2
21.5
21.4
22 2
22.5
21.5
21.2
20.7
21.7
20.9
21.1
21.0
20.4
20.8
20.4
20.7
19.9
20.5
19.6
19.5
19.9
19.6
19.7
20.1
20.1
20.5
21.0
20.9
21.5
13.7
14.4
15.6
15.3
14.7
18.6
20.1
Adj
City
16.7
17.2
17.5
16.9
16.9
17.5
17.5
16.5
16.2
15.7
16.3
15.5
15.6
15.5
14.9
15.1
14.7
14.8
14.2
14.6
13.9
13.8
14.0
13.7
13.6
13.9
13.8
14.1
14.4
14.3
14.6
10.9
11.6
12.7
12.4
12.1
14.8
16.0
Adj
Hwy
19.5
20.3
20.9
20.2
20.1
20.8
21.2
20.4
20.0
19.7
20.7
20.0
20.2
19.9
19.3
19.7
19.4
19.6
18.6
18.9
18.1
17.8
18.2
17.8
18.1
18.4
18.5
18.9
19.5
19.4
20.1
12.7
13.2
14.2
13.7
13.1
17.1
18.6
Adj
Comp
17.9
18.5
18.9
18.3
18.2
18.9
19.0
18.1
17.8
17.4
18.2
17.5
17.6
17.4
16.9
17.1
16.8
17.0
16.3
16.7
16.0
15.8
16.1
15.7
15.8
16.1
16.2
16.5
16.9
16.9
17.3
11.6
12.2
13.3
13.0
12.5
15.8
17.1
Weight
Lb
3679
3629
3544
3619
3642
3574
3526
3737
3803
3928
3779
3976
3996
4056
4182
4190
4415
4282
4487
4340
4552
4690
4642
4939
4988
4968
5144
5161
5176
5309
5272
4069
4153
4133
4150
4256
3867
3805
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
237
228
212
215
221
206
202
229
236
247
232
245
244
248
257
251
264
252
267
255
269
271
264
282
284
278
286
286
287
293
289
311
320
318
315
299
248
247
HP
115
117
112
114
123
120
123
138
143
152
146
151
156
163
167
178
196
190
205
203
216
226
223
249
260
256
269
276
278
289
307
142
141
147
146
138
121
118
0-60
Time
14.5
14.3
14.4
14.5
13.7
13.7
13.4
12.9
12.7
12.4
12.4
12.5
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.1
11.2
10.9
10.8
10.6
10.4
10.5
10.1
9.8
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.5
9.4
8.9
13.6
13.8
13.3
13.4
14.3
14.5
14.6
HP/
cro
0.521
0.545
0.566
0.563
0.588
0.623
0.639
0.627
0.633
0.647
0.658
0.644
0.666
0.687
0.687
0.737
0.756
0.773
0.776
0.803
0.812
0.838
0.847
0.885
0.917
0.925
0.938
0.962
0.971
0.987
1.076
0.477
0.458
0.483
0.481
0.485
0.528
0.508
HP/
WT
0.0313
0.0322
0.0317
0.0314
0.0336
0.0336
0.0347
0.0365
0.0373
0.0384
0.0385
0.0379
0.0390
0.0401
0.0399
0.0422
0.0439
0.0439
0.0453
0.0462
0.0470
0.0480
0.0475
0.0501
0.0520
0.0514
0.0519
0.0531
0.0534
0.0542
0.0579
0.0349
0.0340
0.0356
0.0351
0.0325
0.0313
0.0311
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
39.3
40.1
40.0
39.4
39.6
40.1
40.1
40.5
40.5
41.1
41.4
41.8
42.4
43.0
43.1
43.9
45.3
44.6
44.7
44.4
44.7
45.6
46.3
48.2
49.1
49.8
51.6
53.0
54.3
55.5
56.8
28.4
30.5
33.0
32.4
32.1
36.3
38.8
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-13
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Model
Year
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Drivetrain
Front
2.3%
2.2%
1.9%
0.6%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1.4%
1.9%
4WD
16.8%
17.7%
22.1%
24.7%
25.4%
25.2%
25.5%
28.4%
28.9%
27.9%
24.8%
26.3%
27.6%
29.3%
33.0%
29.3%
34.6%
34.8%
45.3%
38.4%
38.7%
42.3%
39.4%
46.3%
46.7%
45.8%
45.4%
47.5%
50.6%
57.0%
48.0%
17.3%
23.2%
24.0%
29.3%
18.1%
25.1%
20.1%
Transmission
Manual
57.7%
53.9%
56.3%
54.9%
51.6%
58.4%
58.5%
51.0%
52.4%
45.8%
52.2%
47.1%
43.9%
40.0%
39.6%
34.6%
25.3%
27.3%
17.5%
16.7%
12.0%
9.5%
10.3%
7.0%
5.7%
6.2%
4.4%
4.0%
4.1%
2.4%
2.4%
37.1%
34.8%
31.8%
32.2%
35.2%
53.1%
51.7%
Lockup
27.5%
29.5%
28.0%
29.3%
33.7%
30.4%
28.9%
38.8%
41.5%
49.8%
46.4%
52.1%
55.3%
59.0%
59.5%
64.0%
74.7%
71.1%
81.5%
82.5%
87.1%
89.6%
88.8%
92.1%
94.3%
93.8%
95.6%
96.0%
95.7%
97.5%
94.0%
2.1%
24.4%
31.0%
CVT
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
Fuel Metering
GDI
7.1%
Port
1.0%
11.4%
21.2%
26.9%
35.4%
38.8%
52.4%
47.9%
58.0%
61.2%
69.5%
69.5%
99.8%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
92.9%
TBI
0.6%
0.2%
0.1%
4.5%
17.6%
32.0%
48.3%
51.1%
41.4%
48.7%
38.6%
36.7%
29.7%
30.5%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
1.7%
1.1%
Diesel
7.1%
10.3%
4.4%
2.7%
1.2%
0.6%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
1.8%
3.5%
5.6%
Number of Valves
Two
97.8%
94.5%
86.7%
93.3%
88.8%
92.3%
87.3%
87.2%
82.2%
85.5%
67.6%
59.2%
51.0%
60.0%
58.7%
57.6%
40.1%
58.5%
Three
2.1%
4.5%
5.4%
14.3%
14.0%
14.9%
12.5%
11.0%
16.4%
29.8%
Four
0.1%
5.5%
8.7%
1.3%
11.2%
7.7%
12.7%
12.8%
17.8%
14.5%
18.1%
26.8%
34.2%
27.5%
30.2%
26.0%
30.1%
41.5%
Five
VVT
18.9%
39.1%
47.5%
40.0%
37.8%
36.8%
62.2%
88.1%
Hybrid
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
Vehicle Size
Small
25.6%
24.0%
19.2%
20.7%
23.9%
29.4%
20.5%
13.8%
15.9%
15.8%
16.1%
13.7%
13.1%
13.4%
13.1%
11.3%
5.4%
10.8%
8.4%
3.9%
3.2%
8.3%
7.9%
6.4%
0.4%
0.3%
10.7%
8.8%
10.7%
10.7%
14.9%
28.4%
23.3%
Midsize
9.1%
21.9%
38.2%
34.4%
29.7%
31.1%
49.0%
42.9%
39.8%
32.7%
45.5%
38.9%
37.1%
39.0%
30.8%
35.7%
28.7%
34.3%
29.9%
29.3%
21.6%
19.6%
21.3%
15.1%
9.4%
12.5%
12.5%
15.5%
18.6%
12.0%
4.6%
23.8%
20.0%
20.0%
22.5%
19.3%
17.4%
19.0%
Large
65.3%
54.1%
42.7%
44.9%
46.4%
39.5%
30.5%
43.3%
44.4%
51.5%
38.4%
47.4%
49.7%
47.6%
56.0%
53.0%
65.9%
54.9%
61.7%
66.8%
75.1%
72.1%
70.8%
78.5%
90.2%
87.1%
87.5%
84.5%
81.4%
88.0%
95.4%
65.5%
71.3%
69.3%
66.9%
65.8%
54.1%
57.8%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-14
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Vehicle Type
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Model
Year
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
Prod
(000)
1896
2266
3285
3564
4282
4030
4442
4316
3733
3818
3811
4269
5378
5436
4766
5562
5887
6200
6675
6061
6635
6838
7061
6806
6035
5932
5354
2867
3964
4652
10224
12334
14123
14448
13882
11306
10554
9732
Frac
0.195
0.220
0.234
0.247
0.279
0.271
0.290
0.299
0.296
0.304
0.313
0.323
0.381
0.359
0.363
0.385
0.407
0.407
0.403
0.388
0.412
0.433
0.449
0.428
0.400
0.388
0.385
0.308
0.357
0.376
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
20.5
20.8
20.4
20.6
21.5
21.6
21.2
20.9
20.7
21.2
20.8
21.0
20.7
20.5
20.8
20.5
20.8
20.3
20.7
20.2
20.3
20.6
20.4
21.0
21.3
21.5
22.1
23.0
23.4
23.6
15.3
16.7
17.7
18.6
18.7
22.5
24.1
24.7
Adj
City
16.3
16.5
16.1
16.2
16.8
16.8
16.2
15.9
15.6
15.9
15.4
15.5
15.2
14.9
15.0
14.8
14.8
14.5
14.7
14.3
14.2
14.3
14.1
14.4
14.6
14.7
15.0
15.6
15.9
16.0
12.0
13.2
14.0
14.7
14.9
17.6
18.8
19.2
Adj
Hwy
19.0
19.6
19.3
19.4
20.2
20.5
20.1
19.8
19.8
20.2
19.9
20.1
19.6
19.5
19.8
19.4
19.7
19.1
19.3
18.7
18.8
19.0
18.9
19.4
19.7
19.9
20.4
21.3
21.6
21.9
14.6
15.7
16.6
17.5
17.4
21.5
23.0
23.9
Adj
Comp
17.4
17.7
17.4
17.5
18.2
18.3
17.9
17.6
17.4
17.8
17.3
17.5
17.2
17.0
17.2
16.9
17.1
16.6
16.9
16.4
16.4
16.6
16.4
16.9
17.1
17.3
17.7
18.4
18.7
18.9
13.1
14.2
15.1
15.8
15.9
19.2
20.5
21.1
Weight
Lb
3812
3772
3786
3800
3740
3716
3849
3931
4013
3961
4078
4099
4149
4199
4246
4386
4320
4463
4425
4556
4635
4676
4818
4774
4776
4906
4871
4788
4811
4905
4060
4079
3982
3715
3655
3228
3202
3202
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
244
232
225
224
212
210
228
234
237
229
236
235
241
246
245
251
244
252
245
250
250
249
259
252
248
255
248
239
238
245
293
294
287
266
252
198
193
188
HP
120
118
118
124
123
131
141
146
151
150
155
160
166
168
180
189
188
199
199
212
223
224
241
242
240
256
256
254
254
279
137
135
136
129
124
104
102
103
0-60
Time
14.5
14.6
14.7
14.1
14.0
13.4
13.0
12.8
12.7
12.6
12.6
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.4
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.6
10.4
10.4
10.1
10.0
10.0
9.8
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.1
14.1
14.3
13.8
13.6
13.9
14.3
14.4
14.4
HP/
cro
0.524
0.542
0.557
0.585
0.620
0.652
0.649
0.653
0.667
0.681
0.682
0.704
0.713
0.712
0.754
0.770
0.791
0.811
0.830
0.870
0.907
0.915
0.944
0.974
0.982
1.018
1.041
1.081
1.087
1.165
0.507
0.493
0.510
0.525
0.532
0.574
0.580
0.593
HP/
WT
0.0317
0.0313
0.0310
0.0326
0.0330
0.0351
0.0365
0.0371
0.0377
0.0379
0.0380
0.0391
0.0401
0.0400
0.0422
0.0429
0.0434
0.0445
0.0448
0.0464
0.0479
0.0478
0.0499
0.0505
0.0502
0.0519
0.0521
0.0526
0.0525
0.0564
0.0335
0.0328
0.0339
0.0344
0.0335
0.0320
0.0318
0.0320
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
39.7
39.9
39.3
39.6
40.4
40.5
40.9
41.3
41.8
42.3
42.6
43.3
43.2
43.3
44.5
45.1
45.1
45.5
45.9
46.3
47.2
48.2
49.1
50.2
51.1
52.9
54.0
55.2
56.5
58.3
31.6
34.4
35.7
35.1
34.7
36.6
38.9
40.0
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-15
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
Truck
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Vehicle Type
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Model
Year
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
Drivetrain
Front
1.7%
1.4%
5.0%
7.3%
6.0%
7.6%
9.2%
10.2%
15.8%
10.3%
14.5%
16.8%
13.8%
18.7%
21.8%
14.7%
19.8%
17.9%
20.4%
14.1%
15.8%
15.1%
11.7%
19.4%
17.5%
14.2%
15.9%
16 0%
16.6%
14.7%
5.3%
4.6%
5.5%
7.4%
9.2%
25.0%
31.0%
37.0%
4WD
20.2%
26.2%
31.6%
31.5%
30.8%
32.3%
34.2%
32.9%
31.9%
37.4%
33.5%
32.8%
39.2%
43.0%
40.9%
47.6%
46.2%
49.2%
47.3%
52.0%
56.0%
53.7%
60.6%
55.8%
57.0%
59.4%
60.9%
63 2%
65.8%
61.3%
3.3%
4.8%
4.7%
6.6%
4.3%
4.9%
4.0%
4.6%
Transmission
Manual
46.1%
46.3%
42.6%
37.8%
43.1%
40.6%
35.8%
32.9%
28.1%
31.6%
27.5%
24.7%
23.7%
20.6%
16.0%
14.5%
13.9%
9.4%
8.4%
6.6%
5.1%
4.8%
3.7%
2.9%
3.4%
2.6%
2.2%
20%
1.8%
1.7%
23.0%
20.9%
19.8%
22.7%
24.2%
34.6%
33.6%
32.4%
Lockup
33.3%
36.1%
34.7%
41.3%
41.5%
43.8%
52.5%
56.4%
67.6%
66.8%
71.3%
74.2%
75.3%
78.5%
83.0%
85.4%
85.5%
90.2%
91.3%
93.0%
94.6%
94.2%
95.4%
95.2%
93.8%
94.3%
94.9%
92 4%
92.5%
89.9%
0.2%
5.5%
7.3%
18.1%
33.0%
47.8%
CVT
0.0%
0.7%
0.6%
1.8%
2.9%
3.1%
2.8%
5 6%
5.5%
5.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.1%
4 1%
8.8%
13.3%
Port
2.0%
9.0%
22.2%
33.4%
43.2%
46.0%
55.1%
55.3%
65.6%
71.4%
76.2%
79.0%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.9%
99.9%
98.6%
95 6%
90.8%
86.4%
4.1%
2.5%
3.4%
3.9%
3.7%
5.2%
5.1%
5.8%
TBI
0.7%
0.6%
0.6%
3.5%
17.8%
32.9%
44.2%
47.3%
40.9%
42.9%
32.7%
27.6%
23.4%
21.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.8%
2.4%
8.0%
Diesel
9.4%
4.8%
2.4%
1.1%
0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
0.4%
0.9%
2.0%
4.3%
5.9%
5.6%
Number of Valves
Two
94.8%
91.9%
89.5%
89.5%
86.4%
84.8%
81.9%
74.6%
68.2%
67.3%
54.6%
50 7%
42.4%
48.2%
42.3%
35.5%
29.0%
31.6%
Three
2.9%
0.3%
2.2%
2.6%
0.8%
0.5%
0.7%
0.7%
0.5%
5.3%
6 8%
8.7%
5.5%
4.7%
6.1%
10.7%
1.0%
Four
2.3%
7.8%
8.3%
7.9%
13.6%
14.3%
17.6%
24.7%
31.2%
32.2%
39.8%
42 4%
48.9%
46.2%
53.0%
58.5%
60.2%
67.4%
Five
0.3%
0 1%
0.1%
VVT
3.0%
4.8%
8.5%
14.4%
17.4%
31.8%
39 6%
50.0%
47.2%
50.2%
55.0%
71.0%
91.2%
Hybrid
0.0%
0 1%
1.2%
0.6%
1.3%
1.0%
1.0%
1.4%
Vehicle Size
Small
20.7%
16.3%
19.7%
19.8%
23.9%
19.8%
14.5%
13.5%
12.9%
10.8%
9.8%
8.7%
9.2%
8.6%
6.3%
9.2%
8.4%
7.4%
5.5%
5.4%
6.6%
5.8%
5.2%
26%
2.3%
2.3%
3.0%
2.7%
2.9%
2.0%
46.8%
45.6%
43.7%
37.0%
37.3%
50.1%
46.6%
49.6%
Midsize
30.9%
45.6%
45.6%
47.0%
47.7%
59.1%
56.9%
58.5%
56.9%
66.4%
62.9%
62.5%
61.9%
61.8%
64.6%
49.9%
56.9%
53.2%
53.6%
43.0%
41.0%
44.0%
41.3%
43.9%
44.5%
39.7%
43.6%
46.1%
46.3%
36.2%
23.5%
24.2%
23.7%
31.7%
30.9%
31.6%
33.4%
31.0%
Large
48.4%
38.1%
34.7%
33.2%
28.5%
21.1%
28.6%
27.9%
30.1%
22.7%
27.3%
28.8%
28.9%
29.6%
29.1%
40.8%
34.8%
39.3%
40.9%
51.6%
52.5%
50.1%
53.5%
53.5%
53.2%
58.1%
53.4%
51.2%
50.8%
61.8%
29.8%
30.3%
32.5%
31.2%
31.7%
18.3%
20.0%
19.5%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-16
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Vehicle Type
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Model
Year
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
10302
14020
14460
15365
14865
15295
14453
12615
12573
12172
13211
14125
15145
13144
14459
14458
15218
16574
15610
16119
15775
15711
15893
15105
15277
13900
9315
11111
12366
Frac
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
24.6
24.6
25.0
25.7
25.9
25.9
25.4
25.2
25.4
24.9
25.1
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.5
24.5
24.1
24.3
24.2
24.1
24.3
24.0
24.8
25.2
25.8
26.3
28.2
28.4
28.6
Adj
City
19.0
19.1
19.3
19.8
19.8
19.6
19.1
18.7
18.8
18.2
18.2
17.8
17.7
17.6
17.4
17.2
16.9
16.9
16.8
16.6
16.7
16.3
16.8
17.0
17.4
17.7
18.9
19.1
19.1
Adj
Hwy
23.9
24.0
24.4
25.0
25.3
25.2
24.8
24.6
24.7
24.4
24.4
23.8
24.1
24.0
23.6
23.6
23.0
23.0
22.8
22.5
22.7
22.4
23.1
23.4
24.0
24.4
26.0
26.2
26.6
Adj
Comp
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.8
22.0
21.9
21.4
21 2
21.3
20.8
20.9
20.4
20.5
20.4
20.1
20.1
19.7
19.8
19.6
19.5
19.6
19.3
19.9
20.1
20.6
21.0
22.4
22.6
22.8
Weight
Lb
3257
3262
3271
3238
3221
3283
3351
3426
3410
3512
3519
3603
3613
3659
3727
3744
3835
3821
3879
3951
3999
4111
4059
4067
4093
4085
3914
4002
4084
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
193
190
189
180
175
180
185
185
184
191
191
197
196
197
199
199
203
200
201
203
204
212
205
204
203
199
183
188
191
HP
107
109
114
114
118
123
129
135
138
145
147
152
158
164
169
171
179
181
187
195
199
211
209
213
217
219
208
214
228
0-60
Time
14.1
14.0
13.5
13.4
13.1
12.8
12.5
12.2
12.1
11.8
11.8
11.7
11.3
11.1
11.0
10.9
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.3
10.2
9.9
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.3
HP/
cro
0.599
0.618
0.650
0.678
0.710
0.726
0.743
0.781
0.796
0.807
0.809
0.816
0.857
0.878
0.890
0.904
0.921
0.942
0.968
0.994
1.007
1.026
1.049
1.073
1.099
1.122
1.156
1.160
1.216
HP/
WT
0.0327
0.0332
0.0347
0.0351
0.0361
0.0372
0.0382
0.0394
0.0402
0.0413
0.0416
0.0420
0.0438
0.0447
0.0452
0.0457
0.0465
0.0472
0.0480
0.0493
0.0496
0.0511
0.0512
0.0522
0.0525
0.0529
0.0523
0.0527
0.0549
Ton-
MPG
(Lab 55/45)
40.5
40.7
41.4
42.0
42.1
42.9
43.0
43.5
43.6
44.1
44.5
44.6
45.2
45.6
45.9
46.3
46.5
46.7
47.3
47.9
49.0
49.7
50.9
51.7
53.4
54.4
55.9
58.3
59.6
Cu-Ft
-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
Cu-Ft-
Ton-MPG
(Lab 55/45)
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-17
March 2012
-------
Unil^d Stales
Environmental Protection
Agency
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix D: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type
Car or
Truck
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Vehicle Type
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
All
Model
Year
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
37.0%
42.1%
47.8%
52.6%
57.7%
60.0%
60.2%
63.8%
59.6%
58.4%
59.9%
55.6%
57.6%
60.0%
55.8%
56.4%
55.8%
55.5%
53.8%
52.7%
50.7%
47.7%
53.0%
51.9%
54.3%
54.2%
62.9%
59 5%
56.4%
4WD
8.1%
8.2%
9.3%
9.3%
9.6%
10.5%
10.5%
10.1%
12.3%
11.2%
11.3%
15.2%
16.2%
15.7%
19.3%
20.1%
21.3%
20.2%
21.9%
25.0%
25.0%
29.8%
26.8%
25.8%
26.1%
27.3%
23.5%
26 7%
26.8%
Transmission
Manual
30.5%
28.4%
26.5%
29.8%
29.1%
27.6%
24.6%
22.2%
23.9%
20.7%
19.8%
19.5%
17.9%
15.2%
14.0%
12.8%
10.1%
9.7%
9.0%
8.2%
8.0%
6.8%
6.2%
6.5%
5.6%
5.2%
4.8%
3 8%
5.1%
Lockup
52.1%
52.8%
54.5%
53.5%
55.4%
62.2%
65.5%
71.2%
71.6%
74.8%
76.5%
77.6%
80.7%
83.5%
85.5%
86.7%
89.4%
89.5%
90.2%
91.3%
90.8%
91.8%
91.4%
90.6%
87.1%
86.8%
85.5%
84 1%
81.1%
CVT
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
1.1%
1.2%
2.3%
2.8%
7.2%
7.9%
9.4%
10 9%
10.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.2%
2.3%
4.2%
83%
13.7%
Port
7.3%
11.9%
18.2%
32.5%
39.9%
50.6%
57.3%
70.8%
70.6%
81.6%
85.0%
87.7%
91.6%
99.3%
99.5%
99.8%
99.9%
99.8%
99.9%
99.8%
99.8%
99.9%
99.7%
99.6%
99.8%
97.6%
95.3%
91 0%
85.7%
TBI
14.8%
18.7%
24.8%
25.7%
31.4%
34.3%
33.9%
27.0%
28.7%
17.8%
14.6%
12.1%
8.4%
0.7%
0.5%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
Diesel
2.7%
1.8%
0.9%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
0.6%
Number of Valves
Two
68.7%
62.3%
57.0%
53.2%
47.4%
46.5%
45.4%
44.2%
73.3%
64.4%
60.7%
60.4%
59.1%
56.6%
55 2%
51.0%
46.7%
44.5%
37.7%
34.4%
28.3%
28.3%
23.6%
16.2%
14.5%
15.3%
Three
2.3%
6.6%
6.6%
8.0%
3.8%
4.2%
3.0%
1.9%
2.2%
0.8%
1.3%
1.6%
1.1%
1.5%
1 2%
1.4%
1.3%
1.4%
3.3%
4.1%
4.5%
2.7%
2.1%
2.1%
4.0%
0.4%
Four
1.1%
4.0%
7.3%
8.9%
19.3%
18.9%
20.3%
21.6%
24.5%
34.8%
38.0%
37.9%
39.4%
41.0%
42 6%
46.0%
50.5%
52.5%
57.6%
60.9%
67.1%
69.1%
74.3%
81.7%
81.4%
84.3%
Five
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.5%
0.9%
1 0%
1.6%
1.5%
1.6%
1.4%
0.6%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
VVT
0.4%
1.7%
3.0%
3.0%
4.8%
6.1%
7.0%
6.5%
10.1%
10.8%
15 0%
19.6%
25.3%
30.6%
38.5%
45.8%
55.4%
57.3%
58.2%
71.5%
83.8%
93.8%
Hybrid
00%
0.0%
0.2%
0.3%
0.5%
1.1%
1.5%
2.2%
2.5%
2.3%
3.8%
4.0%
Vehicle Size
Small
44.9%
48.4%
46.5%
49.3%
51.4%
50.0%
44.7%
44.9%
45.3%
41.1%
39.8%
38.8%
38.8%
35.2%
36.0%
31.2%
29.7%
29.2%
30.4%
28.5%
28.3%
25.4%
23.7%
25.4%
24.6%
24.8%
29.7%
27.7%
22.4%
Midsize
34.9%
33.4%
33.9%
33.7%
34.1%
32.7%
37.6%
37.2%
39.4%
39.9%
42.4%
41.0%
41.9%
46.0%
39.9%
47.9%
46.9%
43.9%
39.4%
39.8%
40.7%
41.1%
43.1%
40.5%
42.3%
42.3%
42.1%
43.1%
41.3%
Large
20.1%
18.2%
19.7%
17.0%
14.5%
17.3%
17.7%
17.8%
15.2%
19.0%
17.8%
20.1%
19.3%
18.7%
24.1%
20.8%
23.4%
26.9%
30.2%
31.7%
31.0%
33.5%
33.2%
34.1%
33.2%
32.9%
28.1%
29.2%
36.3%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
D-18
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
Prod
(000)
4089
5041
5481
4630
4405
4825
4077
4039
3718
5666
5519
6203
6453
6707
5677
4999
5032
4440
4537
4720
5190
4197
4443
3842
3919
4266
4065
3801
3669
3275
3185
3197
3217
2857
2255
2507
2194
1631
Frac
0.400
0.409
0.388
0.320
0.317
0.427
0.386
0.415
0.361
0.404
0.382
0.404
0.434
0.438
0.393
0.396
0.400
0.365
0.343
0.334
0.343
0.319
0.307
0.266
0.258
0.257
0.260
0.236
0.233
0.208
0.200
0.212
0.211
0.206
0.242
0.226
0.177
0.160
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
18.3
19.9
20.7
23.2
23.3
26.1
28.5
29.1
29.4
29.4
29.8
30.0
30.1
30.5
30.2
29.8
30.0
30.0
30.5
30.4
30.7
30.8
30.9
30.9
30.3
30.3
30.7
30.7
30.7
30.5
31.1
31.1
31.7
31.7
33.5
34.1
34.4
13.6
Adj
City
14.4
15.7
16.3
18.2
18.3
20.4
22.4
22.6
22.8
22.7
23.1
23.1
22.9
23.1
22.8
22.4
22.3
22.0
22.2
21.9
21.9
21.8
21.7
21.5
21.0
20.9
21.1
20.9
20.8
20.4
20.7
20.6
21.1
21.0
22.2
22.6
22.9
10.5
Adj
Hwy
17.5
18.8
19.5
22.0
22.1
24.8
26.9
28.1
28.6
28.7
29.0
29.1
29.1
29.3
29.0
28.5
28.8
28.9
29.3
29.3
29.7
29.7
29.6
29.7
28.9
28.7
28.9
28.7
28.5
28.4
28.6
28.8
29.2
29.4
30.7
31.2
31.4
13.1
Adj
Comp
15.6
17.0
17.6
19.7
19.8
22.2
24.2
24.8
25.1
25.1
25.4
25.5
25.4
25.7
25.4
25.0
25.1
24.9
25.3
25.1
25.3
25.3
25.2
25.2
24.6
24.5
24.7
24.6
24.5
24.3
24.6
24.6
25.1
25.1
26.4
26.8
27.1
11.6
Weight
Lb
3440
3474
3486
3029
2936
2717
2648
2684
2734
2776
2771
2791
2803
2818
2841
2897
2886
2921
2903
2965
2988
2977
2977
3013
3085
3079
3101
3125
3169
3192
3163
3255
3238
3284
3254
3268
3304
4630
Vol Cu-
Ft
95.4
90.9
89.2
90.0
91.6
92.2
95.1
95.2
95.8
96.7
96.9
98.5
98.3
97.6
97.6
97.9
98.3
98.7
99.6
99.9
99.2
98.8
98.9
99.4
99.2
99.9
99.4
99.0
99.1
98.8
99.3
98.3
99.8
101.6
98.9
Engine
cro
224
226
224
177
166
137
130
131
137
141
138
138
134
133
131
131
131
134
133
137
137
136
133
137
141
139
140
141
143
146
144
151
146
148
140
145
145
353
HP
113
110
114
100
98
86
85
87
91
96
100
101
102
105
108
116
117
123
122
126
134
134
133
138
144
144
149
153
159
165
165
176
173
179
172
177
186
158
0-60
Time
14.5
14.9
14.3
14.2
14.2
14.5
14.4
14.4
14.1
13.8
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.1
12.8
12.2
12.1
11.8
11.8
11.7
11.2
11.1
11.2
11.0
10.9
10.9
10.6
10.6
10.3
10.1
10.0
9.8
9.8
9.8
10.0
9.8
9.6
13.9
HP/
cro
0.554
0.537
0.567
0.625
0.642
0.658
0.681
0.682
0.693
0.706
0.746
0.754
0.777
0.806
0.844
0.906
0.919
0.943
0.933
0.943
1.002
1.008
1.016
1.028
1.036
1.052
1.080
1.098
1.124
1.145
1.166
1.181
1.203
1.220
1.228
1.230
1.271
0.447
HP/
WT
0.0323
0.0313
0.0324
0.0325
0.0327
0.0314
0.0319
0.0319
0.0329
0.0340
0.0357
0.0355
0.0356
0.0366
0.0375
0.0395
0.0401
0.0416
0.0415
0.0419
0.0443
0.0446
0.0442
0.0452
0.0459
0.0461
0.0475
0.0482
0.0495
0.0510
0.0512
0.0530
0.0525
0.0534
0.0517
0.0528
0.0544
0.0341
Ton-
MPG
27.2
29.6
31.0
30.3
29.5
30.5
32.5
33.7
34.8
35.3
35.6
36.0
35.9
36.4
36.3
36.4
36.4
36.7
36.9
37.5
38.0
37.8
37.7
38.2
38.0
37.9
38.7
38.8
39.2
39.1
39.2
40.6
41.0
41.6
43.3
44.4
45.4
27.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1769
1901
1862
2077
2311
2374
2494
2479
2528
2553
2534
2597
2559
2487
2507
2505
2542
2538
2576
2574
2544
2541
2478
2483
2520
2526
2511
2480
2518
2521
2573
2550
2718
2813
2782
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2969
2765
2639
2753
2988
3121
3324
3363
3423
3483
3485
3593
3570
3551
3558
3593
3630
3701
3785
3777
3741
3772
3770
3774
3846
3882
3908
3883
3903
4031
4082
4103
4342
4517
4509
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-l
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
Drivetrain
Front
10.0%
8.8%
11.0%
19.9%
24.4%
37.8%
48.1%
56.2%
61.6%
63.2%
70.9%
74.5%
80.7%
85.2%
86.3%
89.0%
87.1%
88.6%
90.2%
88.4%
86.1%
89.6%
89.6%
86.1%
87.0%
83.4%
82.3%
79.7%
78.4%
76.4%
77.7%
74.0%
77.1%
75.0%
78.4%
77.9%
68.6%
2.7%
4WD
1.1%
0.7%
0.7%
1.0%
0.6%
0.2%
0.5%
0.4%
0.5%
1.0%
0.6%
1.4%
1.2%
1.0%
0.3%
1.0%
1.0%
1.0%
1.2%
1.3%
1.1%
2.4%
4.1%
3.5%
5.6%
4.9%
4.6%
5.3%
6.4%
7.1%
4.6%
7.8%
Transmission
Manual
33.3%
29.2%
30.3%
41.7%
45.6%
51.0%
52.8%
49.9%
47.6%
41.1%
39.8%
40.0%
38.6%
36.0%
33.8%
31.7%
32.1%
29.4%
30.0%
27.7%
26.8%
24.5%
22.7%
22.1%
19.7%
20.8%
20.4%
20.8%
20.2%
19.1%
18.2%
18.4%
17.1%
15.4%
12.2%
10.5%
18.7%
0.6%
Lockup
0.6%
6.1%
1.7%
4.6%
7.8%
26.7%
33.7%
37.6%
37.8%
41.7%
44.7%
51.6%
51.8%
56.9%
59.0%
60.3%
61.2%
65.7%
70.4%
73.1%
76.0%
77.0%
79.3%
77.5%
77.8%
77.9%
77.9%
79.1%
80.2%
79.7%
76.2%
79.2%
83.5%
81.2%
68.5%
CVT
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.5%
0.9%
2.0%
1.7%
1.5%
1.8%
6.7%
4.6%
3.4%
5.2%
10.9%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.8%
3.8%
7.6%
9.1%
11.9%
Port
9.4%
5.0%
7.5%
10.3%
9.4%
11.1%
12.2%
13.0%
18.9%
25.4%
28.0%
36.7%
37.2%
45.5%
52.1%
69.9%
72.2%
87.2%
89.7%
92.7%
98.3%
97.9%
98.5%
99.4%
99.6%
99.4%
99.4%
99.2%
99.4%
99.5%
99.5%
98.6%
99.2%
96.2%
91.1%
89.5%
86.6%
0.7%
TBI
6.6%
16.1%
20.2%
27.6%
25.9%
29.1%
33.1%
32.6%
28.3%
27.5%
12.7%
10.3%
7.3%
1.6%
2.1%
1.5%
0.3%
0.2%
0.1%
Diesel
0.5%
0.5%
0.9%
1.5%
2.2%
3.7%
5.1%
4.0%
2.4%
2.2%
1.4%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.2%
0.5%
0.6%
0.8%
0.6%
0.5%
0.5%
1.4%
1.3%
1.5%
1.5%
Number of Valves
Two
91.7%
77.0%
71.2%
60.9%
48.5%
48.9%
49.4%
49.7%
46.9%
32.8%
32.4%
30.2%
29.7%
31.7%
32.7%
27.4%
28.6%
16.2%
15.6%
13.6%
12.6%
10.5%
7.2%
6.0%
8.3%
6.7%
Three
5.6%
14.8%
13.1%
18.1%
7.5%
8.4%
7.3%
5.6%
3.3%
2.0%
1.8%
1.9%
2.1%
3.2%
2.3%
2.3%
2.8%
2.7%
2.4%
4.3%
3.5%
2.4%
1.6%
0.9%
0.9%
0.0%
Four
2.7%
8.2%
15.7%
21.0%
44.0%
42.7%
43.2%
44.7%
49.8%
65.2%
65.8%
67.7%
67.5%
64.3%
63.4%
66.9%
65.2%
77.8%
78.9%
80.3%
83.4%
87.0%
91.2%
93.1%
90.8%
93.3%
Five
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.7%
0.8%
1.6%
3.4%
3.4%
3.4%
3.1%
1.8%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
WT
3.0%
6.4%
6.5%
12.1%
12.9%
15.1%
15.0%
20.1%
18.5%
25.4%
37.5%
36.3%
42.8%
48.7%
55.4%
66.5%
63.9%
62.0%
71.1%
86.2%
90.9%
Hybrid
0.1%
0.1%
0.7%
1.3%
0.7%
0.9%
1.0%
1.1%
1.1%
0.9%
2.8%
6.7%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-2
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Model
Year
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
Prod
(000)
1964
2226
3339
3211
2987
2902
2136
2269
2770
2777
2666
2253
2113
2591
2342
2114
2120
2330
2057
2515
2359
2399
2967
3141
2894
2480
2807
2483
2522
2886
2413
3083
2486
1930
2261
2642
1555
1679
Frac
0.159
0.158
0.231
0.231
0.264
0.275
0.219
0.220
0.198
0.192
0.174
0.152
0.138
0.179
0.186
0.168
0.174
0.176
0.146
0.166
0.179
0.166
0.205
0.206
0.175
0.159
0.174
0.157
0.161
0.182
0.160
0.202
0.179
0.207
0.204
0.214
0.152
0.136
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.7
16.4
18.6
19.1
21.6
22.9
24.0
23.9
24.1
24.9
25.9
26.0
26.7
26.6
26.2
26.0
25.8
26.1
25.9
26.1
26.5
26.5
27.1
27.1
27.0
27.2
27.7
28.3
28.7
29.8
29.6
31.2
31.4
32.4
34.1
34.5
13.1
14.2
Adj
City
12.2
12.9
14.4
15.0
16.8
17.8
18.4
18.4
18.5
19.0
19.6
19.5
19.7
19.5
19.0
18.8
18.4
18.6
18.3
18.2
18.5
18.4
18.7
18.5
18.4
18.5
18.8
18.9
19.0
19.7
19.6
20.7
20.9
21.5
22.7
22.6
10.2
11.1
Adj
Hwy
15.1
15.7
17.9
18.1
21.0
22.3
23.8
23.6
23.9
24.9
25.9
26.0
27.1
27.1
26.8
26.5
26.3
26.4
26.0
26.5
26.5
26.7
26.9
26.8
26.5
26.5
26.5
27.3
27.5
28.2
28.0
29.1
29.0
29.8
31.1
32.1
12.6
13.5
Adj
Comp
13.4
14.0
15.8
16.3
18.4
19.6
20.5
20.4
20.6
21.3
22.0
22.1
22.6
22.5
22.1
21.9
21.6
21.8
21.5
21.7
21.9
21.9
22.3
22.2
22.0
22.1
22.4
22.8
23.0
23.8
23.6
24.8
24.8
25.6
26.8
27.2
11.2
12.1
Weight
Lb
4558
4474
3820
3710
3362
3346
3321
3316
3318
3319
3241
3247
3293
3314
3450
3412
3515
3515
3529
3546
3527
3551
3534
3540
3550
3566
3549
3567
3577
3545
3568
3581
3564
3539
3577
3601
5142
5156
Vol Cu-
Ft
112.9
113.0
113.1
113.2
113.9
113.9
113.8
113.7
113.6
113.8
113.7
113.4
113.6
113.7
113.5
113.9
113.9
113.5
114.3
114.1
114.5
114.0
114.0
113.6
113.7
114.8
114.6
114.0
114.5
114.0
113.8
113.3
113.9
114.3
113.5
Engine
cro
343
332
292
272
229
220
211
212
210
205
194
189
183
181
187
191
191
192
190
189
181
184
177
175
174
175
177
174
174
168
169
165
163
156
158
153
410
410
HP
156
151
135
128
113
107
107
111
113
117
119
123
129
131
141
147
151
153
155
166
162
170
169
171
178
180
185
189
190
185
191
191
191
184
188
189
180
180
0-60
Time
13.8
13.9
13.4
13.6
13.8
14.2
14.2
13.8
13.6
13.3
13.0
12.7
12.3
12.2
12.0
11.5
11.5
11.4
11.4
10.7
10.9
10.6
10.5
10.5
10.2
10.1
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.8
9.6
9.6
9.5
9.8
9.5
9.6
13.5
13.4
HP/
cro
0.454
0.454
0.464
0.474
0.512
0.509
0.529
0.544
0.563
0.606
0.640
0.684
0.718
0.735
0.758
0.773
0.801
0.812
0.827
0.889
0.906
0.933
0.965
0.984
1.027
1.034
1.055
1.096
1.100
1.096
1.137
1.143
1.161
1.162
1.170
1.228
0.439
0.440
HP/
WT
0.0340
0.0337
0.0353
0.0345
0.0336
0.0322
0.0324
0.0336
0.0342
0.0354
0.0364
0.0379
0.0389
0.0396
0.0407
0.0428
0.0427
0.0434
0.0437
0.0465
0.0459
0.0476
0.0477
0.0480
0.0499
0.0503
0.0519
0.0529
0.0528
0.0515
0.0531
0.0524
0.0525
0.0511
0.0518
0.0517
0.0348
0.0349
Ton-
MPG
30.7
31.6
30.3
30.3
31.1
32.9
34.3
34.0
34.3
35.4
35.8
35.9
37.3
37.4
38.2
37.4
38.0
38.4
38.0
38.5
38.7
39.0
39.5
39.4
39.2
39.6
39.8
40.8
41.6
42.8
42.8
45.3
45.4
46.0
50.4
50.5
28.9
31.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1601
1823
1870
2113
2255
2377
2363
2373
2453
2535
2540
2589
2575
2529
2497
2472
2497
2457
2491
2506
2523
2553
2538
2513
2530
2582
2629
2667
2793
2759
2913
2937
2998
3252
3220
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3565
3422
3425
3523
3746
3906
3876
3896
4025
4075
4088
4231
4246
4343
4243
4334
4377
4321
4403
4409
4465
4502
4486
4448
4501
4572
4676
4738
4900
4874
5149
5142
5243
5763
5737
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-3
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Model
Year
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
Drivetrain
Front
2.5%
2.1%
1.4%
5.2%
30.2%
32.3%
44.7%
48.9%
55.1%
61.9%
71.0%
77.3%
87.0%
86.5%
85.2%
87.2%
79.1%
85.4%
84.7%
79.6%
91.9%
90.6%
95.2%
95.2%
92.3%
93.0%
94.2%
91.7%
91.7%
91.4%
89.4%
89.0%
85.3%
90.5%
88.5%
87.1%
1.5%
1.5%
4WD
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
0.9%
1.2%
0.8%
0.6%
1.0%
1.9%
3.0%
3.8%
6.5%
4.5%
6.8%
6.7%
Transmission
Manual
0.4%
0.3%
1.7%
1.9%
7.8%
5.6%
2.0%
1.2%
0.9%
1.3%
1.8%
1.5%
3.8%
4.7%
3.9%
3.6%
2.7%
2.3%
2.0%
2.7%
4.3%
2.5%
3.0%
3.3%
3.5%
3.1%
2.6%
2.9%
3.2%
3.2%
3.7%
2.7%
2.5%
2.1%
1.4%
2.2%
0.0%
0.0%
Lockup
11.1%
21.4%
25.3%
52.2%
82.6%
80.0%
82.0%
77.6%
76.4%
77.6%
91.1%
91.7%
93.9%
94.5%
96.6%
97.2%
97.7%
97.2%
94.9%
97.5%
97.0%
96.3%
95.7%
96.1%
97.1%
97.0%
94.2%
92.4%
92.5%
77.6%
68.9%
71.2%
67.6%
74.2%
CVT
0.1%
0.1%
1.9%
4.2%
3.7%
19.8%
28.6%
26.8%
30.5%
22.7%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.8%
3.1%
5.8%
11.3%
Port
0.6%
0.7%
1.4%
2.3%
1.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.5%
3.8%
13.0%
25.4%
40.7%
66.9%
78.3%
86.6%
88.7%
94.7%
95.6%
96.0%
98.9%
99.7%
99.8%
99.9%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.6%
99.8%
99.9%
96.0%
96.8%
94.2%
88.5%
1.2%
TBI
1.5%
2.3%
15.4%
17.2%
25.6%
37.1%
42.3%
43.4%
28.0%
21.0%
13.3%
11.2%
5.3%
4.4%
4.0%
1.1%
Diesel
1.4%
2.5%
4.0%
3.8%
1.7%
1.0%
0.3%
0.2%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
93.4%
94.3%
90.6%
89.7%
77.0%
72.7%
68.1%
61.5%
52.6%
50.1%
44.5%
36.1%
25.1%
28.2%
21.4%
21.9%
16.2%
13.6%
12.5%
7.3%
6.5%
1.2%
0.1%
0.2%
Three
6.5%
4.9%
4.3%
4.9%
1.6%
1.2%
1.4%
1.4%
1.8%
0.9%
2.5%
1.6%
1.1%
0.2%
Four
0.1%
0.8%
5.1%
5.3%
21.4%
27.3%
31.9%
38.5%
47.4%
49.9%
53.1%
59.7%
71.1%
66.6%
74.7%
72.1%
80.0%
84.6%
87.2%
92.7%
93.5%
98.8%
99.9%
99.8%
Five
1.3%
2.7%
2.4%
3.4%
3.0%
3.6%
2.2%
0.7%
0.2%
WT
2.3%
2.7%
3.6%
4.0%
3.9%
8.9%
11.0%
10.1%
22.0%
20.9%
29.4%
25.3%
45.0%
55.3%
54.7%
68.5%
78.5%
79.0%
73.1%
89.3%
99.6%
99.8%
Hybrid
1.9%
4.9%
3.8%
7.8%
8.7%
7.6%
13.2%
10.1%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-4
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Model
Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
Prod
(000)
2319
2048
2111
963
956
832
1079
1236
1512
1267
1218
1303
1289
1092
1012
1241
1104
1277
1305
1066
1195
912
1059
1665
1416
1252
1261
1185
1234
1570
1174
1407
955
832
1226
477
345
385
Frac
0.164
0.142
0.152
0.085
0.091
0.085
0.105
0.088
0.105
0.082
0.082
0.085
0.089
0.087
0.080
0.102
0.084
0.090
0.086
0.081
0.083
0.063
0.070
0.100
0.091
0.078
0.080
0.075
0.078
0.104
0.077
0.101
0.103
0.075
0.099
0.047
0.028
0.027
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.9
16.8
17.4
19.1
20.4
20.7
20.2
20.5
22.3
23.9
23.9
24.2
24.0
23.7
23.6
23.8
24.2
24.1
24.4
24.3
24.5
24.6
24.8
25.6
25.4
26.0
26.0
26.0
26.4
26.0
26.0
27.3
28.4
28.3
30.5
22.4
23.9
25.5
Adj
City
12.4
13.0
13.7
14.7
15.4
15.6
15.2
15.5
16.6
17.6
17.4
17.6
17.3
16.9
16.8
16.8
17.0
16.8
16.9
16.7
16.8
16.8
16.8
17.3
17.1
17.4
17.3
17.2
17.4
17.1
17.1
17.8
18.6
18.5
19.8
17.4
18.7
20.2
Adj
Hwy
15.2
16.3
16.5
18.8
20.8
21.0
20.6
21.0
23.3
25.4
25.4
25.6
25.3
25.1
24.8
25.0
25.2
24.9
25.4
25.3
25.4
25.2
25.2
25.7
25.5
25.7
25.6
25.6
25.5
25.2
25.3
26.8
27.6
27.4
29.8
21.6
22.9
23.8
Adj
Comp
13.5
14.3
14.8
16.3
17.4
17.7
17.3
17.5
19.1
20.4
20.3
20.6
20.4
20.0
19.9
20.0
20.3
20.1
20.4
20.3
20.4
20.4
20.5
21.0
20.8
21.2
21.1
21.1
21.2
20.9
21.0
22.0
22.8
22.7
24.5
19.1
20.4
21.7
Weight
Lb
4482
4394
4210
4130
4108
4034
4041
4022
3841
3719
3696
3730
3721
3799
3893
3872
3831
3859
3830
3895
3821
3784
3854
3782
3774
3768
3841
3858
3933
4014
4026
3966
3883
3923
3833
2834
2902
2801
Vol Cu-
Ft
128.1
128.5
130.0
130.9
131.0
131.0
131.3
130.9
129.3
127.4
127.0
128.1
127.4
126.7
129.0
129.6
128.9
128.3
127.9
128.1
127.4
127.4
127.0
124.9
124.8
124.3
124.8
124.7
125.0
124.7
123.8
123.2
122.6
122.8
121.9
108.0
Engine
cro
366
357
339
314
304
292
293
294
279
260
260
262
262
258
264
262
256
249
248
250
242
240
235
221
221
218
224
225
225
230
229
213
200
202
190
128
136
134
HP
166
162
154
137
133
135
140
140
143
147
149
150
158
161
178
186
181
188
207
217
217
218
222
215
204
209
208
211
216
238
236
232
225
232
232
87
86
85
0-60
Time
12.8
12.8
12.9
14.0
14.3
13.9
13.4
13.4
12.7
12.1
11.8
11.9
11.4
11.4
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.2
9.4
9.2
9.1
8.9
8.9
9.2
9.5
9.3
9.5
9.4
9.5
8.9
9.0
9.0
9.0
8.9
8.7
14.8
15.2
14.9
HP/
cro
0.453
0.457
0.454
0.440
0.444
0.468
0.481
0.478
0.512
0.577
0.587
0.587
0.619
0.639
0.685
0.715
0.720
0.766
0.845
0.879
0.903
0.922
0.971
0.980
0.932
0.975
0.929
0.944
0.964
1.045
1.036
1.106
1.146
1.166
1.251
0.713
0.668
0.685
HP/
WT
0.0370
0.0370
0.0365
0.0331
0.0325
0.0337
0.0347
0.0349
0.0371
0.0396
0.0405
0.0405
0.0427
0.0427
0.0459
0.0480
0.0473
0.0487
0.0539
0.0557
0.0567
0.0575
0.0576
0.0564
0.0538
0.0554
0.0538
0.0546
0.0545
0.0589
0.0581
0.0581
0.0576
0.0587
0.0601
0.0307
0.0297
0.0305
Ton-
MPG
30.4
31.7
31.3
34.0
36.4
36.0
35.0
35.3
36.7
38.0
37.6
38.4
37.9
38.1
38.8
38.8
38.9
38.8
39.1
39.5
39.0
38.5
39.5
39.7
39.4
39.9
40.6
40.6
41.8
42.2
42.5
43.9
44.6
44.8
47.2
27.3
29.8
30.8
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1759
1869
1940
2156
2318
2333
2272
2298
2470
2610
2588
2644
2598
2543
2575
2602
2628
2587
2619
2602
2607
2602
2609
2628
2607
2641
2648
2643
2670
2630
2623
2745
2833
2827
3032
2404
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3895
4071
4073
4448
4762
4715
4590
4622
4743
4846
4774
4924
4830
4820
5012
5033
5025
4987
5004
5059
4968
4910
5015
4959
4912
4962
5069
5073
5230
5263
5256
5406
5461
5501
5749
3317
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-5
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Model
Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
Drivetrain
Front
1.5%
1.1%
31.9%
55.9%
60.9%
58.7%
61.9%
69.0%
59.8%
58.5%
64.8%
69.2%
71.3%
67.7%
72.4%
74.2%
72.5%
80.9%
79.3%
86.6%
77.1%
77.1%
68.6%
62.7%
70.1%
72.7%
78.4%
70.5%
80.9%
13.3%
12.2%
23.3%
4WD
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
1.3%
3.8%
3.8%
3.9%
3.0%
2.8%
5.0%
3.9%
Transmission
Manual
0.7%
0.5%
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.6%
0.8%
0.5%
0.7%
48.6%
42.8%
52.9%
Lockup
2.5%
6.5%
41.6%
89.8%
93.1%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
99.2%
99.5%
99.6%
99.7%
99.8%
99.6%
98.5%
98.2%
99.0%
98.3%
99.3%
99.6%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.7%
96.8%
98.7%
99.3%
99.2%
99.5%
85.3%
CVT
3.2%
3.0%
1.1%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.9%
1.0%
3.1%
27.5%
Port
0.5%
0.2%
0.2%
19.1%
65.4%
69.9%
76.9%
74.8%
92.9%
83.3%
89.2%
89.7%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.1%
99.0%
96.9%
72.5%
0.8%
3.2%
6.4%
TBI
2.0%
17.1%
20.1%
37.3%
39.0%
44.9%
15.8%
15.2%
12.6%
22.2%
6.0%
16.7%
10.7%
10.3%
Diesel
1.4%
3.5%
10.4%
15.2%
10.0%
2.4%
0.8%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.6%
Number of Valves
Two
99.3%
98.9%
98.9%
99.2%
99.5%
99.1%
98.1%
92.0%
82.9%
76.5%
61.6%
64.4%
60.2%
49.7%
60.2%
64.0%
62.8%
72.7%
65.9%
64.4%
48.6%
52.5%
37.0%
30.4%
26.8%
20.7%
Three
1.2%
2.3%
2.1%
1.7%
1.4%
0.9%
0.9%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Four
0.7%
1.1%
1.1%
0.8%
0.5%
0.9%
1.9%
8.0%
17.1%
23.5%
38.4%
35.6%
39.8%
50.3%
38.6%
33.6%
35.0%
25.5%
31.9%
34.4%
50.2%
47.2%
63.0%
69.5%
73.2%
79.3%
Five
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
0.4%
0.3%
WT
0.7%
0.9%
0.5%
0.7%
1.2%
1.8%
2.5%
1.8%
7.2%
9.1%
6.9%
8.9%
10.6%
8.8%
29.2%
45.5%
57.9%
82.4%
77.8%
91.6%
Hybrid
0.2%
0.2%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-6
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Model
Year
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
Prod
(000)
361
310
310
418
382
531
461
496
349
361
253
159
160
209
143
302
206
198
90
149
98
78
68
212
236
338
300
365
493
389
420
434
450
487
289
485
548
503
Frac
0.025
0.022
0.027
0.040
0.039
0.052
0.033
0.034
0.023
0.024
0.017
0.011
0.013
0.017
0.012
0.023
0.015
0.013
0.007
0.010
0.007
0.005
0.004
0.014
0.015
0.021
0.019
0.023
0.033
0.025
0.030
0.047
0.040
0.039
0.028
0.039
0.039
0.035
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
24.3
25.7
28.6
30.0
30.6
32.2
31.9
32.5
31.0
30.7
31.3
31.5
29.6
30.6
30.2
32.5
32.9
33.3
31.6
32.2
32.1
31.5
29.2
27.3
26.1
30.2
31.4
32.4
31.4
31.7
32.3
33.6
34.1
34.7
13.2
16.0
16.3
18.6
Adj
City
19.2
20.3
22.6
23.6
23.9
25.3
24.9
25.4
24.2
23.8
24.3
24.2
22.4
22.8
22.3
23.7
23.6
23.9
22.5
22.7
22.3
21.8
20.0
19.0
18.0
20.8
21.6
22.2
21.3
21.5
21.9
22.8
23.2
23.6
10.2
12.6
12.9
14.6
Adj
Hwy
22.9
24.3
27.0
28.5
29.4
30.5
30.7
30.9
29.2
28.9
29.0
29.4
27.7
28.9
28.6
31.0
31.7
31.8
30.0
30.8
30.7
30.1
28.2
25.4
24.4
27.1
27.7
28.4
27.8
28.2
28.7
29.5
29.7
30.1
12.9
15.1
15.3
17.6
Adj
Comp
20.7
21.9
24.4
25.6
26.1
27.4
27.2
27.7
26.3
25.9
26.3
26.4
24.7
25.4
25.0
26.9
27.1
27.3
25.8
26.3
26.1
25.6
23.7
22.0
21.1
23.9
24.7
25.3
24.6
24.9
25.3
26.2
26.5
26.9
11.3
13.6
13.9
15.8
Weight
Lb
2805
2711
2591
2531
2580
2565
2620
2579
2648
2795
2757
2766
3026
3005
3076
2882
2908
2859
2952
2901
2874
2923
3107
3470
3504
3262
3235
3160
3255
3264
3300
3263
3269
3281
4791
4555
4410
3836
Vol Cu-
Ft
108.0
105.1
108.2
110.6
112.2
108.2
116.5
117.7
118.4
120.0
118.7
118.6
122.2
123.3
123.7
123.0
122.9
122.1
118.0
119.5
116.9
117.9
119.7
119.6
118.2
115.2
117.5
115.9
118.4
112.0
115.0
114.8
117.9
116.5
143.6
140.0
Engine
cro
134
123
113
108
109
105
107
107
113
116
113
112
120
120
122
118
121
118
122
125
124
125
127
145
145
127
126
122
127
127
130
125
125
123
361
315
297
258
HP
90
81
75
79
75
74
77
78
82
91
93
96
110
106
123
99
103
100
114
118
119
126
143
148
156
146
166
156
160
160
160
150
150
154
162
142
135
123
0-60
Time
14.3
15.1
15.4
14.4
15.3
15.3
15.2
15.0
14.7
14.2
13.7
13.5
12.9
13.3
12.4
13.5
13.3
13.4
12.5
11.8
11.7
11.3
10.7
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.1
10.4
10.5
10.4
10.5
10.7
10.7
10.5
13.8
14.8
15.1
14.4
HP/
cro
0.709
0.684
0.685
0.755
0.698
0.713
0.719
0.727
0.730
0.788
0.829
0.862
0.920
0.880
1.017
0.842
0.848
0.844
0.928
0.943
0.959
1.004
1.129
1.022
1.085
1.162
1.298
1.268
1.244
1.247
1.228
1.207
1.199
1.263
0.473
0.458
0.459
0.484
HP/
WT
0.0319
0.0295
0.0289
0.0313
0.0289
0.0289
0.0294
0.0300
0.0308
0.0324
0.0336
0.0344
0.0361
0.0350
0.0399
0.0343
0.0352
0.0348
0.0382
0.0404
0.0412
0.0428
0.0459
0.0426
0.0445
0.0448
0.0506
0.0487
0.0486
0.0484
0.0479
0.0459
0.0455
0.0466
0.0338
0.0311
0.0305
0.0320
Ton-
MPG
29.5
29.8
32.0
32.6
33.8
35.3
35.9
35.9
35.1
36.5
36.4
36.6
37.5
38.3
38.6
38.9
39.6
39.2
38.2
38.2
37.6
37.4
36.9
38.2
37.1
39.6
40.1
40.3
40.1
40.7
42.0
42.9
43.6
44.4
27.4
31.2
30.7
30.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2291
2335
2702
2858
2951
2986
3206
3296
3162
3153
3149
3155
3048
3176
3135
3343
3383
3374
3081
3174
3080
3047
2861
2640
2505
2813
2943
2984
2940
2840
2961
3040
3174
3177
2015
2240
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3176
3135
3463
3601
3789
3817
4180
4227
4151
4379
4318
4341
4579
4728
4777
4787
4874
4785
4509
4564
4395
4415
4415
4571
4385
4558
4719
4671
4755
4579
4849
4933
5155
5178
4417
4266
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-7
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Model
Year
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
Drivetrain
Front
23.0%
13.3%
24.4%
57.9%
68.3%
55.4%
81.4%
60.0%
78.4%
76.6%
80.2%
89.9%
68.3%
79.1%
73.0%
83.2%
88.6%
92.8%
84.5%
82.9%
78.9%
71.8%
71.5%
92.6%
82.0%
86.2%
85.7%
89.0%
90.8%
90.2%
87.2%
86.7%
88.5%
85.5%
4WD
12.1%
9.8%
8.0%
8.9%
39.3%
15.6%
39.6%
20.7%
23.4%
19.8%
10.1%
31.7%
20.9%
25.5%
16.2%
10.6%
4.6%
11.2%
14.4%
18.3%
22.8%
17.9%
5.1%
14.9%
11.7%
13.4%
10.7%
8.8%
9.4%
12.6%
13.1%
10.3%
12.7%
Transmission
Manual
55.1%
57.0%
64.5%
62.0%
54.0%
51.0%
43.7%
42.7%
43.3%
34.4%
37.8%
26.6%
30.6%
24.4%
30.9%
28.9%
27.6%
23.8%
20.8%
19.6%
18.8%
20.1%
15.2%
14.9%
19.6%
16.6%
15.7%
15.5%
11.9%
11.0%
15.6%
12.9%
10.3%
12.6%
4.0%
7.1%
4.6%
5.3%
Lockup
1.2%
2.3%
7.4%
8.1%
19.4%
23.7%
39.2%
42.2%
29.0%
41.0%
34.6%
51.8%
58.8%
74.1%
68.2%
70.6%
72.1%
76.2%
79.2%
80.4%
81.2%
77.6%
78.0%
84.5%
79.8%
83.4%
84.3%
84.5%
88.1%
89.0%
84.4%
83.1%
68.7%
60.5%
17.2%
CVT
4.0%
16.4%
26.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.9%
2.3%
2.2%
9.3%
Port
6.9%
1.0%
1.1%
4.0%
4.8%
3.7%
5.1%
6.2%
6.8%
29.2%
30.6%
41.0%
59.4%
80.0%
95.3%
95.8%
97.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.1%
98.0%
98.8%
98.9%
100.0%
100.0%
98.1%
95.3%
92.4%
85.3%
7.6%
3.4%
3.5%
3.0%
TBI
0.7%
17.0%
32.2%
15.4%
24.3%
42.6%
62.8%
48.8%
40.6%
20.0%
4.7%
4.2%
2.2%
Diesel
6.3%
2.2%
1.2%
0.3%
1.6%
0.5%
0.8%
0.9%
2.0%
1.2%
1.1%
2.4%
5.4%
5.4%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
78.8%
80.5%
59.8%
35.5%
51.4%
54.7%
73.5%
79.2%
74.3%
48.9%
59.3%
50.9%
36.8%
0.8%
2.6%
4.7%
3.8%
2.5%
20.9%
10.4%
8.3%
0.0%
Three
4.9%
0.6%
3.2%
1.6%
1.1%
0.9%
0.6%
Four
16.3%
18.9%
36.9%
64.5%
48.6%
45.3%
26.5%
20.8%
25.7%
51.1%
40.7%
45.6%
58.7%
95.8%
95.2%
91.5%
93.2%
95.0%
77.9%
89.6%
91.6%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
3.5%
4.4%
3.4%
2.2%
2.2%
1.9%
1.6%
0.6%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
WT
1.4%
0.5%
3.5%
4.5%
4.5%
3.0%
3.5%
16.3%
43.1%
4.1%
2.2%
48.3%
51.5%
60.4%
55.5%
49.3%
50.9%
85.1%
92.4%
92.2%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
Eo
-O
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Model
Year
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Prod
(000)
482
257
272
284
276
365
342
409
359
285
239
184
122
137
166
138
176
169
149
153
181
234
236
208
171
158
238
220
150
136
64
8
4
197
207
341
293
275
Frac
0.035
0.023
0.026
0.029
0.027
0.026
0.024
0.027
0.024
0.019
0.017
0.015
0.010
0.011
0.013
0.010
0.012
0.013
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.014
0.015
0.013
0.011
0.010
0.015
0.015
0.010
0.010
0.007
0.001
0.000
0.019
0.017
0.024
0.020
0.020
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.1
21.1
23.1
23.7
24.4
25.0
25.2
26.0
25.6
26.2
25.6
25.3
25.9
26.2
26.2
26.0
26.6
26.3
26.3
26.2
26.3
27.3
26.6
27.4
27.2
26.4
26.0
26.4
27.3
26.7
28.1
28.6
24.9
11.9
13.5
15.5
15.9
16.1
Adj
City
15.2
16.5
18.1
18.5
19.1
19.4
19.4
19.8
19.3
19.4
18.8
18.3
18.6
18.6
18.7
18.4
18.8
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.3
18.9
18.5
18.9
18.6
17.9
17.4
17.7
18.4
17.9
19.0
18.9
16.7
9.3
10.6
12.2
12.4
12.8
Adj
Hwy
17.9
20.1
21.8
22.6
23.3
24.2
24.6
25.7
25.6
26.5
25.9
25.9
26.4
26.9
26.6
26.4
26.6
25.8
25.5
25.0
25.4
25.7
24.8
25.4
25.4
24.7
24.4
24.7
25.4
25.0
25.5
27.1
23.6
11.6
12.9
14.6
15.4
15.1
Adj
Comp
16.3
18.0
19.6
20.2
20.8
21.3
21.5
22.1
21.8
22.2
21.7
21.3
21.8
21.9
21.9
21.7
22.1
21.7
21.6
21.5
21.5
22.1
21.5
22.0
21.9
21.2
20.8
21.1
21.8
21.4
22.3
22.8
20.0
10.2
11.5
13.2
13.6
13.7
Weight
Lb
3758
3535
3285
3384
3348
3298
3356
3355
3434
3378
3436
3499
3506
3504
3498
3533
3482
3661
3666
3669
3691
3572
3775
3732
3745
3860
3839
3827
3727
3845
3653
3814
4409
5453
5444
4713
4664
4467
Vol Cu-
Ft
139.7
139.7
136.2
136.1
136.2
135.9
134.8
137.8
140.2
139.4
139.9
141.6
142.3
142.6
137.7
137.4
135.9
136.9
136.5
135.3
136.4
134.0
133.6
133.6
133.5
135.0
133.3
135.6
135.4
134.6
133.7
135.1
136.2
163.1
162.4
162.5
Engine
cro
249
228
193
205
200
172
170
162
173
171
176
181
181
188
188
180
167
161
160
155
157
153
155
153
151
158
183
183
161
165
153
154
204
410
416
365
354
333
HP
118
107
103
108
109
107
112
115
125
126
132
139
140
143
144
151
149
154
158
169
169
162
176
172
174
189
213
221
195
195
186
223
261
181
185
161
162
155
0-60
Time
14.7
15.0
14.5
14.3
14.1
14.1
13.9
13.6
13.0
12.7
12.4
12.0
12.0
11.8
11.7
11.4
11.4
11.6
11.3
10.7
10.8
11.0
10.7
10.7
10.7
10.3
9.3
9.1
9.8
10.0
9.9
8.9
8.7
14.0
13.7
13.6
13.4
13.4
HP/
cro
0.480
0.482
0.562
0.551
0.568
0.633
0.679
0.718
0.735
0.743
0.765
0.782
0.794
0.777
0.790
0.863
0.915
0.965
1.001
1.097
1.087
1.060
1.139
1.136
1.157
1.208
1.195
1.221
1.223
1.185
1.211
1.467
1.282
0.441
0.445
0.442
0.460
0.465
HP/
WT
0.0313
0.0304
0.0316
0.0320
0.0325
0.0324
0.0334
0.0342
0.0363
0.0372
0.0383
0.0397
0.0401
0.0408
0.0411
0.0428
0.0426
0.0422
0.0434
0.0461
0.0457
0.0452
0.0463
0.0460
0.0463
0.0489
0.0547
0.0570
0.0518
0.0504
0.0505
0.0580
0.0591
0.0333
0.0340
0.0342
0.0348
0.0346
Ton-
MPG
30.7
31.9
32.4
34.3
35.0
35.3
36.2
37.1
37.4
37.7
37.3
37.4
38.3
38.6
38.5
38.4
38.5
39.8
39.6
39.4
39.7
39.5
40.7
41.0
40.9
41.0
40.0
40.4
40.7
41.1
40.6
43.6
44.1
27.9
31.4
31.4
31.8
30.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2295
2542
2714
2781
2869
2922
2909
3056
3060
3114
3038
3031
3112
3143
3029
2988
3008
2983
2949
2910
2941
2983
2905
2954
2937
2878
2810
2884
2976
2895
2989
3113
2734
2185
2216
2240
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
4293
4455
4417
4669
4759
4793
4876
5116
5246
5250
5218
5299
5452
5503
5297
5275
5236
5459
5405
5329
5421
5295
5435
5478
5462
5531
5338
5481
5511
5531
5433
5881
6007
5113
5161
4996
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-9
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Model
Year
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Drivetrain
Front
35.6%
28.2%
32.8%
69.9%
69.5%
82.2%
83.9%
87.7%
77.5%
81.1%
79.6%
80.8%
87.0%
89.0%
64.8%
61.0%
48.5%
32.7%
44.8%
54.4%
42.4%
49.0%
46.9%
40.3%
19.9%
19.7%
45.4%
28.2%
32.9%
78.1%
10.2%
4WD
4.5%
2.1%
0.1%
0.7%
8.2%
0.4%
1.3%
0.6%
0.6%
0.4%
27.8%
39.0%
51.5%
64.2%
52.0%
43.3%
56.5%
50.3%
52.7%
58.2%
49.3%
44.1%
42.4%
60.7%
67.0%
21.9%
89.8%
Transmission
Manual
5.3%
9.9%
12.8%
7.4%
6.2%
5.4%
5.9%
9.1%
4.4%
3.8%
7.1%
1.7%
2.4%
1.7%
1.8%
1.6%
10.1%
12.9%
13.4%
13.7%
12.1%
9.9%
8.5%
8.9%
9.2%
7.3%
6.8%
4.8%
5.5%
5.5%
6.8%
1.3%
Lockup
9.1%
43.8%
28.5%
62.6%
50.2%
62.5%
64.7%
71.0%
83.6%
87.2%
80.7%
87.9%
85.6%
88.9%
91.2%
94.0%
86.7%
87.1%
86.6%
86.3%
87.9%
90.1%
91.5%
91.1%
90.8%
92.7%
93.2%
95.2%
94.5%
94.5%
93.2%
61.3%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
5.8%
4.8%
59.4%
8.0%
Port
2.5%
4.3%
6.9%
5.7%
7.9%
10.4%
25.7%
51.3%
71.7%
70.2%
87.7%
98.5%
99.3%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.2%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.4%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
94.2%
95.2%
40.6%
92.0%
TBI
20.3%
30.5%
28.0%
22.8%
29.8%
12.3%
1.5%
0.7%
0.3%
Diesel
2.5%
5.9%
5.9%
6.3%
2.3%
2.5%
1.8%
0.2%
0.8%
0.8%
0.1%
0.6%
1.4%
1.4%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.0%
96.6%
96.4%
89.7%
88.4%
79.9%
49.2%
36.5%
32.4%
12.9%
16.9%
25.7%
11.4%
7.2%
7.0%
5.0%
14.8%
5.9%
2.6%
3.0%
Three
3.1%
3.2%
2.3%
2.4%
1.9%
0.7%
3.7%
1.0%
0.8%
Four
1.0%
3.4%
3.6%
10.3%
11.6%
20.1%
50.8%
63.5%
67.6%
82.4%
69.8%
61.3%
74.0%
80.0%
74.1%
76.5%
79.8%
93.2%
97.4%
97.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
1.6%
10.1%
10.6%
12.2%
10.9%
18.2%
14.9%
4.4%
WT
6.2%
6.1%
6.8%
4.8%
8.9%
10.6%
19.8%
39.1%
36.7%
30.9%
48.6%
31.3%
34.1%
28.1%
20.0%
13.6%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-10
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Prod
(000)
102
108
146
130
176
146
120
88
75
63
31
34
27
19
16
10
9
98
118
102
73
23
3
6
8
15
13
13
Frac
0.009
0.010
0.015
0.013
0.013
0.010
0.008
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.005
0.002
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.1
19.9
19.2
19.6
19.9
20.9
22.0
22.1
22.8
22.5
22.7
22.9
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
23.2
22.0
22.2
21.9
21.9
21.8
21.4
12.0
10.9
13.7
13.0
18.0
Adj
City
14.7
15.0
14.4
14.7
14.9
15.6
16.2
16.3
16.8
16.5
16.5
16.3
15.9
15.6
15.9
15.8
15.9
14.9
14.9
14.8
14.5
14.6
14.8
9.0
8.1
10.7
9.8
14.8
Adj
Hwy
18.9
20.3
19.8
20.2
20.5
21.8
23.3
23.1
23.4
23.0
23.1
24.2
24.3
24.3
24.1
23.9
24.5
20.9
21.1
20.7
21.6
21.0
19.5
12.2
11.4
13.1
13.1
15.8
Adj
Comp
16.3
17.0
16.4
16.7
17.0
17.9
18.8
18.9
19.4
19.0
19.1
19.4
19.1
19.0
19.2
19.1
19.4
17.8
17.9
17.7
17.9
17.7
17.2
10.2
9.3
11.7
11.1
15.3
Weight
Lb
4423
4394
4396
4380
4371
4354
4381
4348
4349
4334
4337
4403
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4769
4791
4806
4785
5017
5500
4000
4073
4000
4000
3127
Vol Cu-
Ft
161.5
161.4
161.3
161.6
161.7
161.7
161.4
161.8
161.7
161.8
161.6
169.1
170.3
169.3
169.2
169.3
170.2
165.0
165.0
164.4
159.2
160.1
161.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Engine
cro
324
313
306
307
305
305
304
304
304
304
304
304
338
340
350
350
350
215
217
219
237
227
209
257
258
258
258
162
HP
134
131
139
142
144
154
146
143
143
143
143
177
177
174
250
250
260
249
244
254
247
256
261
110
125
125
125
94
0-60
Time
15.2
15.3
14.6
14.1
13.9
13.2
13.9
14.0
14.0
13.9
13.9
11.9
12.1
12.2
9.1
9.1
8.9
9.6
9.8
9.5
9.7
9.6
10.0
15.7
14.4
14.2
14.2
15.0
HP/
cro
0.418
0.424
0.456
0.465
0.472
0.504
0.479
0.470
0.470
0.471
0.471
0.581
0.526
0.513
0.714
0.714
0.743
1.158
1.125
1.165
1.048
1.135
1.246
0.428
0.484
0.484
0.484
0.608
HP/
WT
0.0304
0.0299
0.0316
0.0325
0.0330
0.0354
0.0334
0.0330
0.0330
0.0332
0.0332
0.0404
0.0394
0.0386
0.0556
0.0556
0.0578
0.0524
0.0510
0.0531
0.0519
0.0512
0.0475
0.0275
0.0307
0.0313
0.0313
0.0297
Ton-
MPG
36.9
38.2
36.5
36.8
37.3
39.0
41.3
41.0
42.1
41.3
41.5
42.6
43.1
42.7
43.3
43.0
43.6
42.4
42.9
42.4
42.8
44.4
47.4
20.5
19.1
24.0
22.6
24.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2690
2797
2677
2714
2760
2894
3040
3052
3132
3082
3092
3274
3261
3214
3254
3233
3299
2936
2958
2911
2849
2837
2787
1202
1128
1581
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
5953
6154
5877
5940
6028
6299
6656
6634
6808
6672
6702
7208
7338
7232
7322
7275
7422
6996
7078
6969
6811
7108
7664
2403
2256
2395
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-ll
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Wagon
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Drivetrain
Front
46.1%
60.1%
57.8%
60.0%
31.7%
4WD
53.9%
39.9%
42.2%
40.0%
57.6%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
30.2%
Lockup
74.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
23.7%
30.3%
30.2%
33.1%
32.7%
19.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.9%
95.2%
88.5%
TBI
0.2%
24.1%
25.8%
29.2%
80.5%
100.0%
100.0%
Diesel
26.7%
25.2%
11.0%
4.6%
1.5%
0.4%
2.1%
4.8%
11.5%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
14.5%
0.0%
12.2%
Three
19.0%
1.6%
Four
100.0%
85.5%
81.0%
86.3%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
14.5%
13.3%
41.0%
88.5%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-12
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Prod
(000)
11
13
3
0
23
38
34
27
47
48
48
62
25
41
106
83
66
131
145
116
60
49
45
11
6
2
3
14
15
20
16
11
4
3
Frac
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.002
0.003
0.007
0.006
0.004
0.008
0.009
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
23.6
23.2
22.6
23.5
23.3
23.0
23.0
23.4
22.8
23.3
23.0
25.0
29.2
29.3
27.8
25.5
27.1
23.3
26.7
26.7
29.0
29.2
29.9
21.8
21.8
21.9
21.9
14.8
15.4
15.8
14.8
12.3
16.3
16.8
Adj
City
20.7
20.4
19.7
18.0
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.7
18.5
18.7
18.4
19.4
22.3
21.8
20.5
18.6
19.8
17.0
19.4
19.1
20.4
20.4
20.7
15.0
14.9
14.9
15.1
11.8
12.3
12.6
11.8
10.2
13.1
13.4
Adj
Hwy
19.1
18.7
18.3
23.0
23.3
22.1
22.1
22.1
19.1
19.6
19.1
21.5
25.1
25.9
24.7
22.9
23.9
20.5
23.0
23.3
25.2
25.3
25.8
20.1
20.1
20.4
20.0
13.7
14.3
14.7
13.8
10.8
15.1
15.6
Adj
Comp
19.9
19.6
19.1
20.0
19.8
19.4
19.4
19.6
18.8
19.2
18.8
20.4
23.7
23.8
22.5
20.7
21.8
18.7
21.2
21.2
22.9
22.9
23.4
17.5
17.5
17.6
17.5
12.6
13.1
13.5
12.6
10.5
13.9
14.3
Weight
Lb
2500
2500
2500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3444
3241
3076
3088
3018
2617
2857
2989
3380
3214
3563
3281
3247
3056
3091
3049
4408
4500
4500
4500
4362
4348
4405
4409
4385
4457
4458
Vol Cu-
Ft
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
Engine
cro
151
151
150
179
179
179
175
166
136
126
127
117
95
108
134
144
130
154
127
130
125
150
145
232
231
231
232
328
328
324
315
314
307
292
HP
84
87
93
139
139
139
135
128
90
96
95
100
82
106
130
148
135
147
138
146
144
162
161
190
190
190
200
148
139
145
149
140
145
137
0-60
Time
13.7
13.3
12.6
11.9
11.9
11.9
12.2
12.6
15.9
14.5
14.5
13.8
14.4
12.7
11.2
11.3
11.5
11.7
11.5
10.9
10.4
9.6
9.5
11.2
11.4
11.4
10.9
13.7
14.4
14.0
13.7
14.2
14.1
14.8
HP/
cro
0.556
0.580
0.620
0.777
0.777
0.777
0.772
0.772
0.676
0.772
0.760
0.857
0.858
0.981
0.976
1.023
1.037
0.974
1.090
1.133
1.155
1.085
1.115
0.819
0.823
0.823
0.862
0.451
0.423
0.447
0.472
0.447
0.475
0.471
HP/
WT
0.0336
0.0350
0.0372
0.0397
0.0397
0.0397
0.0387
0.0372
0.0279
0.0312
0.0309
0.0331
0.0314
0.0370
0.0434
0.0432
0.0419
0.0411
0.0424
0.0452
0.0473
0.0525
0.0530
0.0432
0.0422
0.0422
0.0444
0.0339
0.0318
0.0328
0.0337
0.0320
0.0326
0.0307
Ton-
MPG
24.9
24.5
23.8
35.0
34.6
34.0
34.0
33.8
30.6
29.8
29.2
30.7
31.0
34.1
33.7
35.0
35.1
33.5
35.0
34.7
35.0
35.5
35.7
38.6
39.4
39.6
39.4
27.5
28.6
29.9
28.2
23.1
31.1
32.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1993
1957
1906
1998
1980
1945
1940
1974
1939
1996
1953
2077
2370
2383
2259
2112
2208
1916
2151
2163
2302
2313
2350
1751
1749
1759
1753
1699
1603
1317
1746
1796
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2492
2447
2383
3497
3464
3404
3395
3380
3065
2979
2924
3067
3095
3406
3373
3501
3514
3353
3503
3473
3504
3555
3570
3857
3935
3958
3945
3736
3525
2884
3890
4003
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-13
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Drivetrain
Front
43.3%
28.7%
33.3%
41.5%
16.3%
28.0%
61.7%
89.3%
80.7%
89.3%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
60.0%
14.8%
48.3%
62.2%
69.6%
34.2%
44.9%
38.7%
37.2%
64.8%
39.9%
43.7%
34.3%
23.0%
16.3%
13.4%
10.9%
8.5%
5.5%
5.6%
18.5%
13.9%
17.1%
17.1%
19.6%
26.7%
26.9%
7.4%
3.9%
Lockup
40.0%
85.2%
51.7%
37.8%
30.4%
65.8%
55.1%
61.3%
22.1%
35.2%
60.1%
35.6%
65.7%
77.0%
83.7%
86.6%
88.8%
91.3%
94.5%
94.4%
81.5%
86.1%
100.0%
100.0%
5.5%
88.2%
96.1%
CVT
0.3%
0.1%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
95.6%
82.0%
4.4%
17.5%
12.2%
60.6%
20.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
5.6%
91.7%
76.3%
81.0%
39.4%
79.4%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
90.8%
100.0%
14.8%
48.3%
46.5%
16.9%
27.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
9.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
85.2%
51.7%
53.5%
83.1%
72.5%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
28.0%
44.8%
67.5%
80.7%
89.3%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-14
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
Prod
(000)
7
22
56
104
68
81
79
85
46
184
205
437
270
288
447
441
462
516
575
821
682
759
855
737
801
873
925
609
689
774
7
8
10
9
0
Frac
0.001
0.002
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.004
0.015
0.017
0.033
0.019
0.019
0.034
0.031
0.032
0.034
0.035
0.053
0.042
0.048
0.054
0.046
0.053
0.057
0.067
0.065
0.062
0.063
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
18.8
24.4
21.8
21.4
21.1
21.7
21.9
21.6
21.0
21.4
20.9
20.2
21.2
20.6
20.7
20.7
21.5
22.0
21.7
22.6
22.7
23.6
23.7
24.5
25.2
26.3
27.0
28.0
28.9
29.4
13.1
14.0
15.8
15.2
19.5
Adj
City
14.8
18.6
16.8
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.2
15.8
15.9
15.5
14.7
15.5
15.0
14.9
15.0
15.5
15.7
15.4
15.9
15.9
16.3
16.2
16.8
17.2
18.0
18.5
19.0
19.6
19.9
10.7
11.1
12.9
12.2
15.9
Adj
Hwy
17.7
24.5
21.4
21.4
20.4
21.8
21.8
20.9
20.2
20.8
20.2
19.7
20.3
19.7
19.7
19.5
20.2
20.3
20.1
21.0
20.8
21.7
21.8
22.3
22.8
23.6
24.3
25.3
26.0
26.6
11.8
13.2
14.3
14.0
17.4
Adj
Comp
16.0
20.9
18.6
18.3
18.0
18.5
18.5
18.2
17.6
18.0
17.5
16.9
17.6
17.1
17.1
17.0
17.6
17.9
17.6
18.3
18.3
18.9
19.0
19.5
20.0
20.8
21.4
22.1
22.8
23.2
11.1
11.9
13.5
12.9
16.5
Weight
Lb
4242
3550
3617
3633
3612
3606
3594
3613
3692
3873
3879
3937
3900
4049
4128
4136
3943
3953
3973
4026
3946
3941
3998
3959
3991
3908
3870
3844
3820
3807
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Vol Cu-
Ft
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.1
125.1
150.0
150.0
150.0
Engine
cro
284
178
192
195
191
196
221
254
244
235
229
249
230
227
235
228
232
221
225
213
200
197
206
191
188
181
175
171
172
169
349
346
342
338
240
HP
146
110
112
116
125
131
143
152
159
159
166
187
178
170
176
178
175
176
181
194
193
192
201
197
196
201
199
204
206
205
160
144
147
159
94
0-60
Time
13.5
14.5
14.6
14.3
13.4
13.0
12.1
11.5
11.3
11.7
11.4
10.4
10.8
11.5
11.4
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.8
10.4
10.2
10.3
10.0
10.1
10.1
9.9
9.8
9.6
9.5
9.5
13.1
14.3
14.0
13.1
19.8
HP/
cro
0.522
0.630
0.601
0.611
0.680
0.686
0.664
0.611
0.668
0.684
0.730
0.759
0.776
0.755
0.765
0.798
0.772
0.828
0.834
0.929
0.982
0.989
0.992
1.041
1.053
1.126
1.146
1.192
1.201
1.212
0.457
0.415
0.430
0.472
0.428
HP/
WT
0.0344
0.0311
0.0310
0.0318
0.0347
0.0363
0.0401
0.0424
0.0434
0.0412
0.0431
0.0477
0.0457
0.0424
0.0429
0.0432
0.0444
0.0446
0.0457
0.0483
0.0491
0.0487
0.0504
0.0496
0.0489
0.0512
0.0512
0.0529
0.0536
0.0536
0.0355
0.0319
0.0327
0.0354
0.0209
Ton-
MPG
34.1
37.3
34.1
33.8
32.7
33.5
33.4
33.0
32.6
34.9
34.0
33.4
34.3
34.7
35.3
35.3
34.9
35.5
35.1
37.1
36.4
37.5
38.2
38.8
40.2
40.9
41.6
42.7
43.6
44.3
25.1
26.9
30.4
29.2
38.8
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2039
2638
2380
2361
2286
2344
2341
2301
2226
2255
2196
2120
2202
2140
2146
2140
2217
2249
2213
2307
2316
2399
2402
2472
2543
2635
2706
2796
2879
2929
2023
1946
2585
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
4257
4659
4257
4223
4086
4189
4178
4125
4078
4360
4256
4170
4291
4333
4412
4412
4358
4437
4389
4637
4546
4688
4772
4852
5031
5113
5204
5343
5460
5546
4553
4377
5816
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-15
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Model
Year
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
Drivetrain
Front
3.2%
0.1%
4.2%
9.2%
9.9%
48.7%
41.8%
52.0%
56.8%
68.1%
69.4%
78.3%
84.0%
93.7%
90.3%
93.1%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
8.4%
29.3%
19.0%
13.4%
15.7%
12.5%
10.5%
11.8%
10.9%
19.2%
19.9%
8.2%
17.9%
14.3%
9.3%
8.8%
5.5%
5.6%
2.7%
3.3%
5.3%
5.3%
4.5%
4.4%
3.4%
2.2%
1.3%
1.0%
0.7%
2.2%
13.2%
14.3%
14.2%
19.4%
71.4%
Lockup
68.9%
65.7%
63.4%
70.7%
78.0%
82.7%
86.1%
84.5%
75.9%
79.7%
80.1%
91.8%
82.1%
85.7%
90.7%
91.2%
94.5%
94.4%
97.3%
96.7%
94.6%
91.4%
90.8%
95.1%
93.0%
91.4%
87.4%
87.7%
86.3%
88.9%
CVT
0.1%
3.3%
4.7%
0.6%
3.5%
6.4%
11.3%
11.3%
11.6%
8.9%
Fuel Metering
GDI
2.2%
3.3%
2.1%
2.0%
Port
10.1%
18.1%
17.9%
47.5%
61.8%
82.0%
99.5%
99.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
97.8%
96.7%
97.9%
98.0%
TBI
4.5%
75.6%
78.4%
81.2%
82.1%
52.5%
38.2%
18.0%
0.5%
0.6%
Diesel
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
71.4%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
88.0%
85.4%
75.4%
66.7%
77.8%
63.4%
64.7%
59.2%
32.8%
36.5%
35.6%
19.5%
18.7%
9.0%
5.7%
2.8%
3.7%
1.9%
Three
Four
12.0%
14.6%
24.6%
33.3%
22.2%
36.6%
35.3%
40.8%
67.2%
63.5%
64.4%
80.5%
81.3%
91.0%
94.3%
97.2%
96.3%
98.1%
Five
WT
4.3%
5.4%
9.7%
20.3%
23.2%
34.5%
33.0%
46.9%
64.7%
68.3%
82.3%
96.2%
97.7%
Hybrid
0.6%
3.5%
3.0%
3.0%
2.7%
0.9%
0.8%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-16
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Prod
(000)
0
14
53
57
65
174
382
195
207
278
276
376
286
194
397
386
2
2
2
3
8
16
11
15
14
Frac
0.000
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.011
0.024
0.012
0.013
0.017
0.018
0.025
0.021
0.021
0.036
0.031
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.001
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.1
18.5
20.7
18.0
17.7
20.9
20.7
21.2
22.3
23.4
23.6
23.1
23.6
24.8
27.3
27.5
20.6
19.9
22.2
20.0
18.7
19.0
18.5
21.7
19.7
Adj
City
13.9
13.2
14.8
12.7
12.3
14.7
14.3
14.6
15.0
15.8
15.9
15.5
15.8
16.6
18.2
18.2
16.2
15.1
17.2
15.7
14.8
14.7
14.6
17.7
15.6
Adj
Hwy
18.1
17.9
19.4
17.4
17.3
19.6
19.8
20.0
21.4
22.0
22.4
21.8
22.6
23.3
25.7
26.0
19.6
20.1
21.5
19.1
17.6
18.6
17.4
19.4
18.4
Adj
Comp
15.8
15.3
16.9
14.8
14.6
17.0
16.9
17.2
18.1
18.8
19.0
18.6
19.1
19.9
21.8
22.0
17.5
17.0
18.9
17.0
16.0
16.2
15.8
18.4
16.8
Weight
Lb
4500
4500
4500
4461
4471
4272
4450
4403
4369
4220
4182
4289
4353
4289
4277
4293
3498
3500
3500
3500
3500
3619
3644
3668
3567
Vol Cu-
Ft
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
141.1
150.0
Engine
cro
350
302
217
317
324
236
249
252
233
220
221
222
221
208
190
199
118
120
120
120
120
120
120
111
118
HP
250
195
213
218
228
211
231
255
245
228
225
238
249
239
236
257
78
67
67
67
67
67
67
61
69
0-60
Time
9.1
11.2
10.4
10.2
9.8
10.1
9.8
8.9
9.2
9.5
9.5
9.3
9.0
9.2
9.3
8.8
19.1
20.9
20.8
20.9
20.9
21.4
21.6
23.4
20.9
HP/
cro
0.714
0.646
1.013
0.688
0.704
0.913
0.926
1.024
1.054
1.034
1.017
1.073
1.121
1.148
1.243
1.292
0.656
0.558
0.558
0.558
0.558
0.558
0.558
0.550
0.583
HP/
WT
0.0556
0.0433
0.0474
0.0489
0.0509
0.0494
0.0518
0.0580
0.0559
0.0538
0.0536
0.0553
0.0569
0.0557
0.0549
0.0596
0.0224
0.0191
0.0191
0.0191
0.0191
0.0186
0.0185
0.0168
0.0194
Ton-
MPG
35.5
34.5
38.2
33.2
32.7
36.5
37.7
37.9
39.6
39.8
39.8
40.0
41.6
42.6
47.1
47.5
30.7
29.8
33.1
29.8
28.0
29.4
28.7
35.6
30.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2368
2297
2547
2235
2198
2572
2548
2592
2729
2843
2868
2808
2874
2988
3099
3336
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
5327
5169
5731
4975
4906
5473
5656
5689
5942
5975
5974
6005
6241
6392
6617
7131
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-17
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Non-Track SUV
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Drivetrain
Front
20.2%
10.0%
12.2%
26.1%
56.2%
63.2%
70.8%
72.5%
88.8%
98.2%
93.2%
4.2%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
0.7%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
43.3%
84.8%
89.9%
85.0%
81.2%
82.9%
81.2%
89.0%
76.9%
Lockup
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.3%
99.8%
87.9%
99.9%
88.4%
88.8%
92.3%
100.0%
80.3%
94.5%
88.8%
CVT
12.1%
11.6%
11.2%
7.7%
19.7%
5.5%
7.3%
Fuel Metering
GDI
39.3%
29.4%
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
60.7%
70.6%
TBI
61.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
61.7%
93.6%
Diesel
38.3%
6.4%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
25.4%
100.0%
100.0%
76.0%
68.6%
24.0%
26.8%
43.1%
13.3%
37.0%
22.7%
12.5%
Three
74.6%
Four
24.0%
31.4%
76.0%
73.2%
56.9%
86.7%
63.0%
77.3%
87.5%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
20.2%
31.4%
71.5%
68.5%
54.0%
47.8%
33.1%
41.0%
43.7%
89.1%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-18
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Prod
(000)
83
93
102
126
56
36
31
15
40
12
11
6
2
16
22
20
302
308
314
399
313
130
138
180
230
420
Frac
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.030
0.025
0.022
0.028
0.023
0.011
0.013
0.019
0.022
0.030
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.6
25.5
25.7
24.3
24.5
25.0
23.9
24.0
27.0
28.2
27.0
26.5
26.2
30.7
30.3
30.7
13.3
14.1
14.3
13.8
14.3
16.9
17.9
17.9
18.7
19.2
Adj
City
20.8
20.7
20.6
19.4
19.2
19.8
18.5
18.6
20.2
20.9
19.7
19.3
18.8
20.9
20.7
20.9
10.8
11.3
11.6
11.3
11.8
13.5
14.3
14.3
14.8
15.1
Adj
Hwy
23.0
23.1
23.1
21.9
22.3
22.4
21.8
21.5
25.3
26.4
25.7
24.8
24.9
27.3
26.8
27.3
11.9
12.9
12.8
12.2
12.5
15.6
16.5
16.5
17.4
18.1
Adj
Comp
21.7
21.7
21.7
20.5
20.6
20.9
20.0
19.9
22.4
23.3
22.3
21.8
21.5
24.1
23.8
24.1
11.3
12.0
12.1
11.7
12.1
14.3
15.2
15.2
15.9
16.3
Weight
Lb
3314
3270
3298
3299
3402
3390
3554
3402
3217
3032
3248
3163
3416
3500
3500
3500
4230
4278
4348
4345
4506
4230
4248
4266
4396
4081
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
120
121
131
134
134
130
140
124
129
122
135
135
142
140
140
140
310
317
326
327
320
288
279
284
294
248
HP
87
88
95
98
101
98
120
95
115
120
130
130
135
153
153
153
141
143
149
152
137
136
134
139
141
127
0-60
Time
16.6
16.2
15.3
15.0
15.1
15.3
14.0
15.8
13.0
12.0
11.9
11.7
12.1
11.1
11.1
11.1
13.9
14.0
13.6
13.3
15.0
14.3
14.6
14.3
14.5
14.8
HP/
cro
0.721
0.727
0.728
0.736
0.751
0.755
0.855
0.761
0.901
0.991
0.966
0.967
0.949
1.093
1.093
1.093
0.454
0.449
0.456
0.465
0.433
0.475
0.480
0.485
0.480
0.538
HP/
WT
0.0265
0.0272
0.0291
0.0301
0.0297
0.0293
0.0344
0.0284
0.0358
0.0396
0.0402
0.0411
0.0394
0.0437
0.0437
0.0437
0.0334
0.0334
0.0343
0.0351
0.0305
0.0321
0.0315
0.0324
0.0320
0.0309
Ton-
MPG
36.4
35.6
36.0
34.0
35.2
35.5
35.6
33.8
36.1
35.4
36.4
34.6
36.8
42.2
41.6
42.2
24.5
26.1
26.6
25.9
27.6
30.5
32.4
32.5
35.3
33.8
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-19
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Drivetrain
Front
20.0%
18.7%
22.4%
20.5%
21.1%
27.6%
55.8%
42.3%
84.4%
98.5%
66.1%
27.3%
92.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.6%
32.0%
4WD
3.2%
13.1%
17.0%
16.0%
21.3%
22.8%
28.4%
15.6%
1.5%
33.9%
72.7%
7.7%
Transmission
Manual
41.9%
40.8%
36.4%
28.6%
28.4%
29.5%
31.4%
46.0%
26.8%
14.5%
14.1%
18.8%
3.8%
4.9%
4.8%
6.7%
19.1%
17.6%
11.8%
10.6%
13.5%
21.9%
16.0%
10.5%
9.1%
12.0%
Lockup
50.1%
53.3%
60.8%
66.8%
68.6%
65.4%
55.9%
36.5%
73.2%
85.5%
85.9%
81.2%
96.2%
95.1%
95.2%
93.3%
10.4%
71.3%
81.1%
78.7%
77.2%
48.7%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
54.4%
57.7%
64.5%
65.1%
81.6%
99.7%
99.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
25.6%
20.5%
18.1%
18.4%
0.3%
1.0%
Diesel
2.4%
7.1%
1.5%
Number of Valves
Two
42.9%
Three
33.9%
Four
23.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-20
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
Prod
(000)
600
782
848
941
1100
1124
943
1088
1323
1295
1552
1298
1126
1357
1293
1522
939
1132
1121
893
1426
1096
816
746
331
524
533
153
192
199
224
159
96
96
115
138
174
162
Frac
0.041
0.051
0.057
0.062
0.076
0.089
0.075
0.089
0.100
0.092
0.102
0.099
0.078
0.094
0.085
0.092
0.060
0.070
0.071
0.057
0.090
0.073
0.053
0.054
0.036
0.047
0.043
0.015
0.016
0.014
0.015
0.011
0.008
0.009
0.012
0.013
0.012
0.011
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.8
20.8
21.2
21.8
21.8
21.8
21.9
21.8
22.3
22.0
22.2
22.8
22.6
23.3
23.0
23.5
24.0
23.7
24.1
24.1
24.2
24.7
24.4
24.7
24.9
25.0
26.5
12.6
13.4
15.5
15.0
12.1
16.0
16.8
16.1
16.2
16.4
16.1
Adj
City
15.8
16.2
16.3
16.6
16.5
16.3
16.3
16.2
16.4
16.1
16.0
16.3
16.1
16.4
16.1
16.3
16.5
16.3
16.4
16.2
16.2
16.4
16.3
16.5
16.6
16.7
17.7
10.0
10.6
12.5
12.2
9.7
12.8
13.5
13.0
12.9
13.0
12.7
Adj
Hwy
18.5
19.7
20.3
21.0
20.9
21.0
20.9
20.9
21.5
21.0
21.4
22.0
21.7
22.5
22.3
22.6
22.9
22.6
22.9
23.1
23.0
23.6
23.4
23.7
23.9
23.8
25.0
11.7
12.7
14.1
13.6
11.1
14.7
15.3
14.7
15.0
15.4
15.1
Adj
Comp
16.9
17.6
18.0
18.4
18.3
18.3
18.3
18.2
18.6
18.2
18.4
18.8
18.6
19.1
18.9
19.2
19.5
19.2
19.5
19.5
19.5
19.9
19.7
19.9
20.1
20.1
21.3
10.7
11.4
13.2
12.8
10.3
13.6
14.3
13.7
13.8
14.0
13.7
Weight
Lb
3945
3964
3959
3974
3980
4033
4079
4102
4033
4078
4041
4116
4132
4090
4199
4197
4267
4332
4313
4431
4398
4431
4450
4524
4612
4550
4474
4135
4081
4110
4088
4665
4639
4513
4548
4532
4421
4491
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
233
224
226
223
218
219
214
218
211
219
226
212
210
209
213
208
206
210
212
214
213
212
216
219
217
215
212
334
336
343
335
336
315
310
314
314
314
312
HP
131
129
146
148
146
148
148
152
154
158
158
168
168
176
177
179
190
197
198
212
208
210
225
222
224
214
263
148
151
158
145
163
133
129
131
135
143
146
0-60
Time
14.1
14.3
12.9
12.7
12.9
12.9
13.0
12.8
12.5
12.4
12.3
11.8
11.8
11.3
11.4
11.4
11.0
10.8
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.5
10.0
10.4
10.4
10.6
8.8
13.7
13.3
12.6
13.3
13.5
15.5
15.6
15.5
15.1
14.4
14.3
HP/
cro
0.586
0.595
0.671
0.691
0.700
0.693
0.714
0.713
0.741
0.732
0.717
0.806
0.810
0.849
0.842
0.869
0.930
0.945
0.940
0.999
0.983
0.995
1.043
1.016
1.039
1.003
1.240
0.434
0.444
0.459
0.430
0.480
0.421
0.414
0.418
0.429
0.452
0.464
HP/
WT
0.0330
0.0323
0.0368
0.0373
0.0367
0.0367
0.0363
0.0369
0.0380
0.0386
0.0390
0.0410
0.0407
0.0431
0.0422
0.0426
0.0446
0.0456
0.0461
0.0479
0.0473
0.0474
0.0505
0.0491
0.0487
0.0469
0.0585
0.0356
0.0370
0.0385
0.0354
0.0348
0.0287
0.0285
0.0289
0.0297
0.0322
0.0325
Ton-
MPG
33.7
35.2
35.8
36.8
36.7
37.1
37.5
37.5
37.6
37.3
37.3
38.8
38.5
39.2
39.7
40.3
41.7
41.8
42.1
43.2
42.9
44.0
43.8
45.1
46.4
45.8
47.6
22.5
23.8
27.4
26.5
24.3
31.9
32.5
31.5
31.5
31.2
30.9
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-21
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Model
Year
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
Drivetrain
Front
40.4%
29.7%
33.1%
42.4%
39.0%
51.0%
41.2%
47.8%
53.4%
56.7%
65.5%
80.0%
72.6%
86.0%
86.0%
89.5%
91.0%
92.6%
91.4%
92.4%
92.6%
95.5%
97.4%
96.1%
98.0%
98.9%
94.2%
4WD
0.1%
6.8%
11.5%
5.6%
4.9%
6.8%
9.4%
2.5%
5.3%
3.5%
3.1%
3.0%
3.3%
3.3%
4.9%
4.8%
5.4%
4.5%
2.6%
3.7%
2.0%
1.1%
4.7%
Transmission
Manual
6.1%
5.7%
3.9%
2.6%
2.3%
1.2%
0.7%
0.8%
1.1%
0.4%
31.4%
24.8%
17.4%
16.5%
13.9%
22.2%
23.5%
14.4%
10.3%
11.2%
6.5%
Lockup
45.9%
61.5%
70.6%
83.1%
80.2%
96.2%
99.0%
98.3%
98.6%
98.7%
99.5%
99.5%
99.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
94.7%
95.0%
95.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
94.5%
1.6%
2.6%
0.4%
35.6%
35.8%
49.5%
CVT
5.3%
5.0%
4.7%
5.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
0.1%
10.9%
36.9%
49.9%
52.0%
53.5%
60.2%
68.6%
77.4%
79.6%
86.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
1.0%
21.7%
36.8%
49.8%
47.9%
46.4%
39.7%
31.3%
22.6%
20.4%
13.1%
Diesel
0.4%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
96.6%
95.5%
93.9%
92.9%
88.6%
85.9%
76.0%
70.4%
68.9%
72.0%
44.2%
60.6%
50.2%
44.9%
46.3%
41.2%
48.6%
1.2%
Three
2.0%
1.1%
1.1%
1.2%
Four
1.3%
3.4%
5.0%
5.9%
11.4%
14.1%
24.0%
29.6%
31.1%
28.0%
55.8%
39.4%
49.8%
55.1%
53.7%
58.8%
51.4%
98.8%
Five
WT
9.3%
16.7%
22.3%
22.9%
21.5%
49.2%
26.0%
38.8%
50.6%
48.7%
45.7%
35.1%
94.1%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-22
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Model
Year
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
Prod
(000)
160
140
137
142
107
76
93
107
112
104
110
139
132
171
170
294
112
111
60
55
70
32
27
15
15
18
47
51
57
78
91
61
43
32
43
142
115
177
Frac
0.010
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.009
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.008
0.010
0.009
0.011
0.010
0.019
0.007
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.005
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.007
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.004
0.010
0.008
0.012
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
17.6
17.0
16.9
16.8
16.5
16.7
16.9
17.0
17.0
17.1
17.1
18.6
18.3
17.9
18.0
17.7
17.9
18.7
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.8
20.1
20.0
20.1
18.4
16.8
17.2
18.2
17.8
16.5
18.8
20.4
19.6
20.9
21.6
22.1
23.7
Adj
City
13.8
13.2
13.0
12.9
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.5
12.5
12.4
13.3
13.1
12.7
12.8
12.5
12.7
13.2
13.5
13.4
13.4
13.7
14.0
13.9
13.9
12.7
13.5
14.1
14.8
14.5
13.8
15.3
16.3
15.6
16.7
17.3
17.2
18.5
Adj
Hwy
16.5
16.1
16.0
15.7
15.7
15.8
16.2
16.1
16.3
16.3
16.3
17.8
17.6
17.0
16.8
16.9
16.5
17.0
17.9
17.7
17.7
18.2
18.1
18.1
18.4
17.0
15.5
15.2
16.2
15.9
14.3
17.0
18.7
18.4
19.3
19.8
21.3
22.3
Adj
Comp
14.9
14.4
14.3
14.1
13.9
14.0
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.2
15.3
15.1
14.7
14.7
14.5
14.6
15.1
15.7
15.6
15.6
15.9
16.1
16.0
16.2
14.8
14.3
14.6
15.4
15.1
14.0
16.0
17.3
16.7
17.7
18.3
18.8
20.1
Weight
Lb
4611
4660
4858
4821
4901
4943
5132
5132
5156
5185
5153
5121
5137
5124
4988
5323
5025
5203
5314
5241
5171
5229
5232
5271
5342
5747
2750
2801
2806
2814
3201
3083
3054
3069
2928
3320
3438
3232
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
306
309
309
309
314
312
315
315
318
314
325
300
297
297
296
303
293
289
292
288
283
283
282
285
289
311
276
276
279
279
275
227
225
227
228
187
167
167
HP
142
155
156
155
162
163
167
178
184
178
197
221
220
223
221
239
223
233
240
234
229
229
230
233
241
259
120
106
107
107
120
95
103
101
103
102
99
119
0-60
Time
14.9
13.9
14.3
14.3
14.0
14.1
14.2
13.5
13.3
13.7
12.7
11.3
11.3
11.2
11.1
10.9
11.0
11.0
10.9
11.0
11.1
11.3
11.3
11.2
11.1
11.0
11.4
12.4
12.3
12.3
12.4
14.6
13.6
13.9
13.3
14.8
15.5
13.0
HP/
cro
0.464
0.500
0.502
0.501
0.514
0.518
0.527
0.565
0.577
0.567
0.604
0.740
0.745
0.756
0.750
0.791
0.765
0.811
0.817
0.808
0.806
0.800
0.806
0.809
0.826
0.829
0.429
0.382
0.384
0.383
0.442
0.454
0.475
0.474
0.483
0.562
0.596
0.734
HP/
WT
0.0308
0.0332
0.0321
0.0323
0.0331
0.0329
0.0326
0.0348
0.0357
0.0345
0.0384
0.0432
0.0430
0.0436
0.0444
0.0450
0.0444
0.0447
0.0450
0.0445
0.0443
0.0435
0.0436
0.0438
0.0447
0.0449
0.0435
0.0377
0.0382
0.0380
0.0377
0.0306
0.0335
0.0329
0.0349
0.0307
0.0285
0.0361
Ton-
MPG
34.6
33.7
34.8
34.2
34.2
34.7
36.5
36.5
36.5
36.8
36.5
39.4
38.9
37.7
36.7
38.7
36.7
39.5
41.7
40.8
40.3
41.6
42.1
42.2
43.2
42.7
19.8
20.6
21.7
21.2
22.4
24.9
26.7
25.7
26.0
30.4
32.3
32.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-23
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Model
Year
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
Drivetrain
Front
1.7%
1.2%
0.6%
1.0%
0.7%
3.9%
4WD
0.2%
25.8%
6.5%
7.3%
7.0%
5.7%
12.5%
14.8%
16.4%
20.5%
9.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
4.8%
2.0%
1.5%
1.2%
0.8%
100.0%
82.1%
87.5%
84.7%
84.5%
88.6%
90.5%
90.9%
91.4%
43.1%
55.1%
60.2%
Lockup
52.8%
50.4%
52.5%
51.1%
75.3%
77.6%
83.7%
80.9%
83.7%
80.2%
85.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
8.8%
9.1%
8.6%
3.2%
44.0%
37.4%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
47.7%
82.8%
94.7%
95.0%
94.5%
95.0%
97.2%
97.3%
98.1%
94.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
62.3%
TBI
1.4%
4.5%
5.0%
5.5%
5.0%
2.8%
2.7%
1.9%
5.5%
Diesel
1.2%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.3%
96.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
0.7%
3.9%
Five
WT
43.6%
41.9%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-24
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Model
Year
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
Prod
(000)
232
250
193
163
89
81
96
126
164
79
383
232
249
269
246
239
204
206
170
132
134
145
54
95
93
109
153
174
253
176
96
77
91
181
375
458
470
481
Frac
0.016
0.016
0.013
0.013
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.009
0.011
0.006
0.027
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.015
0.013
0.013
0.011
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.006
0.009
0.008
0.011
0.012
0.012
0.018
0.013
0.009
0.007
0.009
0.018
0.027
0.032
0.031
0.032
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
24.3
24.4
22.8
23.4
24.1
23.5
23.4
23.7
23.6
28.1
21.7
23.2
23.4
22.2
23.9
23.9
24.3
23.8
23.2
21.5
22.4
22.8
20.6
21.8
21.8
11.8
13.1
14.5
13.8
11.8
14.2
15.6
16.2
18.2
18.6
19.4
19.5
19.5
Adj
City
19.0
19.1
17.8
18.2
18.9
18.3
18.1
18.3
18.1
21.1
15.9
17.1
17.2
16.2
17.3
17.2
17.1
16.5
16.1
15.0
15.7
15.8
14.3
15.0
14.9
9.7
10.6
11.7
11.1
9.7
11.5
12.4
13.0
14.3
14.5
15.1
15.2
15.0
Adj
Hwy
22.5
22.4
20.8
21.2
21.2
20.7
20.6
20.7
20.3
24.7
19.8
20.7
20.7
19.6
20.9
20.9
21.5
21.5
20.6
19.2
19.7
20.5
18.7
19.9
20.0
10.3
11.8
13.1
12.6
10.4
12.9
14.5
15.0
17.5
17.7
18.7
18.5
18.7
Adj
Comp
20.5
20.5
19.1
19.5
20.0
19.4
19.2
19.4
19.2
22.8
17.7
18.8
18.9
17.9
19.1
19.0
19.3
19.0
18.4
17.2
17.8
18.2
16.5
17.4
17.5
10.0
11.1
12.3
11.7
10.0
12.1
13.3
13.8
15.5
15.8
16.5
16.6
16.5
Weight
Lb
3137
3070
3433
3310
3170
3093
3125
3065
3019
2917
3608
3508
3604
3830
3602
3665
3629
3705
3647
3774
4025
4128
4324
4292
4293
4771
4767
4634
4669
4834
4720
4671
4769
4405
4164
4097
4063
4037
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
159
154
171
162
150
158
162
150
145
107
195
169
165
179
169
169
171
189
187
200
205
214
231
232
232
352
356
352
360
346
325
318
323
259
232
216
207
219
HP
109
108
117
113
120
130
134
123
123
106
158
157
151
157
160
163
165
178
176
183
185
187
199
200
200
157
151
154
161
154
145
140
139
128
124
124
126
143
0-60
Time
13.5
13.5
13.5
13.5
13.0
12.1
11.9
12.5
12.0
12.9
11.2
11.2
11.6
11.7
10.9
10.9
10.8
10.3
10.3
10.2
10.6
10.7
10.6
10.5
10.5
14.0
14.5
13.9
13.4
14.5
14.8
15.0
15.3
15.4
15.1
15.0
14.5
13.4
HP/
cro
0.718
0.733
0.724
0.745
0.817
0.835
0.842
0.834
0.866
0.992
0.830
0.951
0.951
0.907
0.987
1.006
1.005
0.979
0.981
0.955
0.935
0.894
0.862
0.862
0.862
0.445
0.422
0.438
0.447
0.445
0.447
0.444
0.435
0.525
0.566
0.600
0.649
0.677
HP/
WT
0.0342
0.0344
0.0340
0.0340
0.0371
0.0410
0.0420
0.0393
0.0403
0.0363
0.0434
0.0443
0.0418
0.0411
0.0444
0.0444
0.0454
0.0479
0.0482
0.0485
0.0464
0.0456
0.0462
0.0468
0.0467
0.0329
0.0318
0.0334
0.0346
0.0318
0.0307
0.0300
0.0293
0.0290
0.0297
0.0300
0.0311
0.0356
Ton-
MPG
32.1
31.5
32.9
32.4
31.9
30.5
30.4
30.1
29.3
33.3
32.1
33.6
34.5
34.6
34.9
35.6
35.6
35.6
34.6
33.5
36.1
37.6
35.7
37.4
37.5
23.9
26.5
28.6
27.4
24.3
28.8
31.3
34.2
35.1
33.6
34.5
34.1
33.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-25
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Model
Year
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
70.2%
70.2%
60.0%
63.7%
75.1%
79.4%
76.0%
70.7%
71.3%
39.6%
41.1%
45.6%
38.7%
32.3%
24.8%
25.0%
26.6%
27.6%
28.3%
35.1%
25.7%
23.2%
9.5%
22.3%
23.3%
18.5%
17.7%
17.6%
17.1%
18.6%
23.1%
21.6%
20.6%
25.9%
29.6%
27.7%
36.4%
30.2%
Lockup
19.4%
23.6%
29.9%
31.8%
17.1%
13.0%
15.7%
29.3%
28.7%
60.4%
58.9%
54.4%
61.3%
67.7%
75.2%
75.0%
73.4%
72.4%
71.7%
64.9%
74.3%
76.8%
90.5%
77.7%
76.7%
0.9%
27.1%
47.0%
43.2%
55.0%
48.0%
56.9%
54.0%
60.3%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
38.4%
44.2%
46.5%
42.6%
57.6%
69.0%
80.1%
65.5%
87.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
6.2%
15.9%
35.1%
TBI
4.6%
2.7%
30.6%
41.1%
42.4%
31.0%
19.9%
34.5%
12.1%
1.4%
31.3%
49.1%
Diesel
3.1%
14.5%
4.8%
1.3%
0.9%
1.5%
0.2%
Number of Valves
Two
90.5%
100.0%
67.3%
38.9%
44.3%
70.0%
46.8%
43.2%
44.1%
41.1%
41.9%
54.7%
67.2%
79.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
9.5%
100.0%
32.7%
61.1%
55.7%
30.0%
53.2%
56.8%
55.9%
58.9%
58.1%
45.3%
32.8%
20.9%
Five
WT
18.9%
18.5%
17.9%
18.4%
24.5%
2.4%
1.7%
0.8%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-26
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Model
Year
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
Prod
(000)
532
539
401
720
595
601
996
1109
1081
960
1162
1246
1288
1123
1120
1362
1647
1342
1316
1274
1309
807
1156
1071
3
8
8
11
109
24
14
22
31
49
57
58
57
69
Frac
0.035
0.037
0.032
0.057
0.049
0.046
0.070
0.073
0.082
0.066
0.080
0.082
0.078
0.072
0.069
0.086
0.105
0.084
0.087
0.083
0.094
0.087
0.104
0.087
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.008
0.002
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.2
19.3
18.9
19.9
19.5
19.9
19.4
19.4
19.8
20.3
20.5
20.6
20.7
21.0
21.3
21.8
21.9
22.2
22.8
23.7
24.5
25.9
26.9
27.4
10.4
11.5
11.6
11.9
11.1
14.3
15.3
18.9
17.6
16.9
16.9
16.8
17.0
16.6
Adj
City
14.7
14.7
14.3
14.9
14.5
14.7
14.3
14.2
14.3
14.8
14.7
14.8
14.7
14.9
15.0
15.2
15.1
15.3
15.7
16.4
16.9
17.8
18.4
18.8
8.7
9.3
9.5
9.9
9.3
11.3
12.3
14.4
13.6
13.0
12.9
12.8
12.9
12.6
Adj
Hwy
18.4
18.3
18.2
19.2
18.7
19.0
18.5
18.4
18.9
19.0
19.3
19.1
19.1
19.3
19.4
20.0
20.2
20.3
20.7
21.3
21.9
23.3
24.0
24.4
8.9
10.4
10.3
10.3
9.4
13.4
14.1
18.9
17.1
16.5
16.8
16.7
16.6
16.2
Adj
Comp
16.2
16.2
15.9
16.7
16.3
16.6
16.1
16.1
16.4
16.7
16.8
16.8
16.8
17.0
17.2
17.6
17.6
17.8
18.2
18.9
19.5
20.6
21.2
21.6
8.8
9.8
9.9
10.1
9.4
12.2
13.0
16.1
15.0
14.4
14.4
14.3
14.4
14.0
Weight
Lb
4079
4092
4123
4173
4184
4245
4271
4255
4224
4259
4234
4267
4258
4171
4178
4246
4273
4313
4384
4323
4330
4187
4201
4208
5248
5327
5322
5306
5260
5188
5127
5410
5327
5247
5248
5227
5501
5518
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
235
255
243
237
234
237
240
240
255
239
238
231
231
214
207
212
219
212
213
203
198
184
185
183
397
402
406
400
375
341
338
344
355
351
350
350
350
351
HP
154
163
162
164
171
180
183
181
184
179
180
194
191
195
201
207
213
217
217
221
221
215
220
218
196
189
197
175
152
160
170
146
153
157
161
162
205
199
0-60
Time
12.7
12.1
12.2
12.1
11.8
11.4
11.4
11.4
11.2
11.6
11.4
10.8
10.9
10.6
10.3
10.2
10.0
10.0
10.0
9.9
9.9
9.9
9.7
9.8
12.9
13.6
13.1
13.9
15.8
14.7
13.9
16.5
15.8
15.1
14.9
14.7
12.7
13.0
HP/
cro
0.677
0.656
0.692
0.703
0.736
0.768
0.770
0.769
0.730
0.771
0.775
0.867
0.851
0.941
0.993
0.997
0.995
1.043
1.034
1.108
1.127
1.175
1.190
1.198
0.490
0.466
0.480
0.442
0.403
0.471
0.502
0.427
0.435
0.450
0.460
0.464
0.587
0.568
HP/
WT
0.0382
0.0403
0.0400
0.0396
0.0414
0.0429
0.0431
0.0430
0.0441
0.0422
0.0426
0.0457
0.0450
0.0469
0.0484
0.0488
0.0500
0.0501
0.0495
0.0510
0.0509
0.0512
0.0520
0.0515
0.0376
0.0358
0.0374
0.0332
0.0288
0.0309
0.0331
0.0273
0.0290
0.0302
0.0308
0.0311
0.0373
0.0361
Ton-
MPG
33.3
33.5
32.9
35.0
34.2
35.3
34.6
34.4
34.7
35.8
35.7
36.0
35.8
35.6
36.0
37.3
37.8
38.5
40.2
41.1
42.5
43.3
45.0
45.9
23.2
26.2
26.5
26.8
24.8
31.8
33.4
45.0
41.5
38.6
38.4
37.9
39.8
38.9
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-27
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Model
Year
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
Drivetrain
Front
0.5%
0.4%
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.0%
99.8%
99.7%
97.3%
98.8%
99.2%
99.7%
99.2%
99.6%
44.4%
46.7%
40.9%
48.0%
16.1%
30.0%
25.4%
28.7%
30.5%
30.2%
31.3%
32.8%
36.2%
41.0%
Transmission
Manual
22.7%
17.4%
20.6%
16.8%
16.5%
14.0%
10.7%
9.3%
4.8%
4.5%
4.4%
3.1%
2.8%
3.1%
4.4%
1.5%
1.8%
1.5%
1.4%
2.0%
0.9%
1.4%
1.5%
1.6%
13.9%
15.0%
13.6%
19.3%
15.3%
17.8%
3.1%
1.1%
0.9%
1.0%
0.9%
0.6%
0.6%
0.5%
Lockup
67.9%
73.9%
75.9%
82.3%
83.4%
86.0%
89.3%
90.7%
95.2%
95.5%
95.6%
96.9%
97.2%
96.9%
95.5%
97.4%
95.7%
97.9%
93.1%
91.7%
88.1%
88.4%
82.3%
80.3%
78.6%
96.9%
98.9%
99.1%
99.0%
99.1%
99.4%
99.4%
99.5%
CVT
0.1%
1.1%
2.5%
0.6%
5.5%
6.2%
11.0%
10.2%
15.5%
17.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.0%
1.5%
2.2%
2.5%
Port
55.6%
53.5%
73.0%
65.7%
82.8%
99.4%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.4%
99.5%
99.8%
98.9%
98.5%
97.8%
97.5%
TBI
40.9%
44.1%
25.2%
33.7%
17.2%
0.6%
0.2%
95.6%
96.9%
Diesel
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.6%
0.5%
0.2%
0.1%
0.7%
5.9%
53.2%
35.0%
19.3%
11.5%
8.3%
4.4%
3.1%
Number of Valves
Two
85.5%
79.0%
94.3%
80.0%
81.3%
72.1%
72.0%
50.5%
38.0%
38.4%
40.5%
29.4%
33.1%
21.1%
17.0%
9.6%
8.1%
4.9%
Three
7.0%
2.9%
0.0%
2.3%
Four
7.6%
21.0%
5.7%
20.0%
18.7%
25.1%
28.0%
49.5%
62.0%
61.6%
59.5%
70.6%
64.6%
78.9%
83.0%
90.4%
91.9%
95.1%
Five
WT
5.5%
4.5%
15.4%
27.2%
36.6%
41.5%
49.7%
54.5%
67.3%
68.5%
71.4%
92.0%
94.7%
Hybrid
0.5%
5.5%
2.7%
4.5%
2.3%
3.3%
3.8%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-28
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
Prod
(000)
74
72
54
75
129
170
230
241
545
589
697
814
941
1652
1565
1748
1512
1232
1564
1316
648
877
1193
160
173
238
264
358
452
369
346
312
423
497
744
441
340
355
Frac
0.005
0.006
0.004
0.006
0.010
0.012
0.015
0.018
0.038
0.041
0.046
0.049
0.060
0.102
0.099
0.111
0.095
0.082
0.102
0.095
0.070
0.079
0.096
0.016
0.014
0.017
0.018
0.026
0.040
0.035
0.036
0.030
0.030
0.034
0.048
0.030
0.022
0.025
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
16.7
16.7
16.2
15.7
16.3
16.4
16.6
17.3
17.5
17.1
17.2
17.6
18.2
18.8
18.5
18.5
19.4
19.8
20.5
20.8
22.2
22.6
23.3
22.5
23.8
25.5
25.6
22.8
24.3
28.2
27.3
26.9
26.1
26.7
25.9
26.0
25.0
23.9
Adj
City
12.4
12.4
12.1
11.6
12.1
12.2
12.2
12.6
12.6
12.2
12.1
12.5
13.0
13.1
12.9
12.8
13.3
13.5
13.9
14.0
15.0
15.3
15.7
17.3
18.3
19.9
20.4
17.9
19.4
22.5
21.9
21.6
20.9
21.4
20.5
20.3
19.6
18.6
Adj
Hwy
16.6
16.6
15.7
15.2
15.7
15.5
15.7
16.5
16.8
16.5
16.6
16.6
16.7
17.7
17.4
17.3
18.1
18.5
19.4
19.8
20.9
21.3
22.0
22.2
23.4
24.5
23.6
21.6
22.5
26.0
25.1
24.8
24.0
24.5
24.0
24.1
22.8
21.8
Adj
Comp
14.1
14.1
13.6
13.1
13.7
13.6
13.8
14.3
14.5
14.1
14.2
14.4
14.8
15.3
15.0
15.0
15.7
16.0
16.6
16.8
17.9
18.2
18.8
19.2
20.3
21.7
21.7
19.4
20.7
23.9
23.2
22.9
22.2
22.7
22.0
21.9
21.0
20.0
Weight
Lb
5716
5720
5571
5578
5652
5628
5576
5534
5371
5310
5359
5469
5322
5188
5465
5468
5323
5248
5367
5304
5104
5125
5221
2756
2775
2768
2800
2793
2790
2819
2899
2976
3035
3099
3142
3135
3200
3328
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
351
351
328
331
345
343
347
344
329
322
324
311
292
284
293
296
281
268
279
268
248
245
251
118
119
121
120
120
122
130
137
142
142
143
145
147
148
153
HP
208
208
197
204
210
210
206
247
235
228
241
248
250
258
267
278
276
272
288
290
287
281
305
96
98
97
92
86
88
85
89
96
97
103
105
107
113
119
0-60
Time
12.9
12.9
13.3
12.9
12.6
12.6
12.7
10.9
11.1
11.3
10.9
10.8
10.5
10.0
10.2
9.9
9.7
9.8
9.5
9.4
9.1
9.3
8.8
13.3
13.2
13.2
13.8
14.5
14.2
15.0
14.8
14.0
14.1
13.6
13.5
13.3
13.0
12.9
HP/
cro
0.594
0.595
0.603
0.629
0.612
0.616
0.594
0.719
0.716
0.711
0.747
0.805
0.876
0.916
0.928
0.954
0.995
1.031
1.050
1.100
1.179
1.176
1.259
0.814
0.828
0.807
0.774
0.715
0.724
0.655
0.651
0.679
0.684
0.718
0.726
0.732
0.758
0.774
HP/
WT
0.0365
0.0365
0.0353
0.0365
0.0373
0.0374
0.0370
0.0447
0.0438
0.0431
0.0452
0.0454
0.0471
0.0499
0.0491
0.0510
0.0520
0.0518
0.0538
0.0545
0.0563
0.0549
0.0586
0.0347
0.0353
0.0349
0.0331
0.0308
0.0317
0.0302
0.0309
0.0324
0.0321
0.0334
0.0338
0.0345
0.0354
0.0360
Ton-
MPG
40.5
40.4
38.1
36.7
38.6
38.4
38.4
39.6
38.9
37.6
38.0
39.5
39.3
39.6
41.1
41.1
41.7
41.9
44.6
44.6
45.8
46.7
49.0
26.6
28.3
30.2
30.5
27.5
29.3
34.4
34.4
34.5
34.1
35.4
34.7
34.5
33.7
33.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-29
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vehicle Type
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
Drivetrain
Front
0.6%
3.0%
9.0%
17.2%
13.1%
14.7%
5.8%
9.1%
9.3%
9.8%
2.9%
4WD
43.4%
42.8%
54.1%
67.5%
64.6%
67.0%
71.9%
75.7%
75.4%
74.6%
57.4%
67.9%
74.8%
79.5%
68.9%
69.8%
75.0%
78.8%
73.4%
70.9%
68.2%
71.9%
69.3%
8.8%
26.3%
24.5%
31.6%
30.7%
30.9%
32.5%
31.7%
29.9%
29.6%
38.4%
38.0%
Transmission
Manual
0.5%
0.3%
0.6%
0.5%
0.4%
0.2%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
88.4%
80.1%
79.6%
88.5%
90.3%
91.2%
94.8%
92.3%
90.4%
88.7%
85.0%
85.1%
81.3%
83.2%
79.9%
Lockup
99.5%
99.7%
100.0%
99.4%
99.5%
99.6%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.6%
99.9%
98.0%
100.0%
97.3%
95.9%
95.8%
99.3%
88.2%
95.5%
91.3%
0.1%
0.3%
1.6%
3.2%
6.9%
7.9%
9.9%
8.5%
14.1%
CVT
2.0%
2.7%
3.8%
4.1%
0.6%
11.7%
4.5%
4.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.6%
16.3%
37.0%
39.1%
Port
21.2%
11.2%
6.8%
10.3%
4.1%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.6%
95.5%
82.4%
61.3%
59.6%
4.6%
13.8%
10.5%
9.0%
40.4%
51.1%
TBI
97.6%
97.8%
76.3%
88.8%
93.2%
89.7%
95.9%
3.3%
2.5%
1.0%
0.4%
28.1%
39.2%
31.4%
34.9%
Diesel
2.4%
2.2%
2.5%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.4%
0.9%
1.3%
1.7%
1.3%
2.5%
22.0%
19.7%
6.0%
4.6%
1.9%
1.0%
Number of Valves
Two
90.5%
96.1%
92.3%
95.5%
97.3%
89.3%
91.3%
73.4%
69.5%
61.2%
54.4%
46.5%
25.3%
53.6%
38.1%
25.2%
20.5%
23.5%
Three
2.4%
4.4%
4.3%
2.6%
2.2%
1.1%
9.1%
13.6%
4.0%
4.0%
1.8%
5.2%
4.0%
Four
9.5%
3.9%
7.7%
4.5%
2.7%
8.3%
4.3%
22.3%
27.9%
36.5%
43.4%
43.9%
60.7%
42.4%
57.8%
73.0%
74.3%
72.5%
Five
1.0%
0.5%
0.3%
WT
0.7%
9.5%
21.1%
26.5%
34.9%
47.2%
67.6%
43.6%
55.5%
71.4%
85.0%
99.2%
Hybrid
0.6%
1.3%
0.2%
1.6%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-30
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
Prod
(000)
289
309
252
263
358
298
221
131
260
213
101
81
197
194
162
8
7
56
55
69
75
101
98
131
315
621
703
617
788
1052
1055
887
600
Frac
0.023
0.025
0.021
0.020
0.025
0.020
0.017
0.009
0.018
0.014
0.006
0.005
0.012
0.012
0.010
0.001
0.000
0.005
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.007
0.009
0.012
0.032
0.060
0.050
0.043
0.051
0.071
0.069
0.061
0.048
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
24.8
25.0
24.6
26.3
24.9
24.4
24.6
24.9
24.5
23.2
26.3
26.5
23.2
23.2
22.6
25.8
26.9
21.1
22.9
29.6
29.3
25.9
25.9
26.4
26.7
26.5
25.7
25.7
26.1
25.4
25.3
24.8
24.7
Adj
City
19.2
19.2
18.7
19.8
18.7
18.3
18.3
18.5
18.0
17.0
19.1
19.2
16.8
16.6
16.0
17.6
18.3
16.8
18.1
23.3
23.4
20.6
20.5
20.8
20.8
20.7
19.9
19.9
20.2
19.5
19.3
18.9
18.7
Adj
Hwy
22.6
22.8
22.4
23.8
22.6
22.0
22.0
22.1
21.8
20.5
23.0
22.9
20.0
20.4
19.7
23.5
24.3
19.6
21.6
28.1
27.1
24.1
24.1
24.8
25.7
25.4
24.8
25.1
24.9
24.3
24.1
23.5
23.3
Adj
Comp
20.7
20.8
20.4
21.6
20.5
20.0
20.1
20.2
19.8
18.7
21.0
21.1
18.5
18.5
17.9
20.5
21.3
17.9
19.5
25.2
24.9
22.0
22.0
22.5
22.7
22.6
21.9
21.9
22.1
21.5
21.3
20.8
20.7
Weight
Lb
3293
3324
3321
3232
3355
3385
3362
3350
3462
3600
3307
3357
3735
3769
3796
4000
3921
3000
3000
3000
3000
2971
2944
2909
2936
3016
3093
3064
3081
3163
3205
3278
3338
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
153
152
152
147
151
157
159
146
160
173
148
147
177
178
184
150
150
109
109
124
124
131
133
131
152
146
148
154
147
159
166
177
175
HP
129
128
126
123
125
138
147
134
151
160
143
143
164
167
171
184
178
67
65
72
72
80
82
84
98
91
92
98
102
106
110
116
120
0-60
Time
12.0
12.1
12.3
12.3
12.4
11.6
11.0
11.7
11.0
10.9
11.1
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.8
10.7
10.8
18.6
18.9
17.5
17.6
16.2
15.7
15.2
13.8
14.8
14.9
14.2
14.0
13.8
13.6
13.2
13.0
HP/
cro
0.844
0.845
0.828
0.835
0.829
0.879
0.926
0.918
0.947
0.928
0.966
0.967
0.934
0.945
0.933
1.229
1.187
0.615
0.596
0.581
0.581
0.609
0.621
0.641
0.648
0.626
0.626
0.637
0.687
0.672
0.670
0.671
0.697
HP/
WT
0.0396
0.0389
0.0383
0.0383
0.0377
0.0411
0.0439
0.0405
0.0439
0.0445
0.0435
0.0427
0.0440
0.0443
0.0452
0.0461
0.0455
0.0223
0.0217
0.0240
0.0239
0.0270
0.0282
0.0290
0.0333
0.0303
0.0299
0.0319
0.0329
0.0334
0.0343
0.0353
0.0358
Ton-
MPG
34.4
34.8
34.1
35.2
34.5
34.0
33.8
33.8
34.4
33.8
34.8
35.4
34.6
35.0
34.1
41.3
42.0
26.9
29.7
38.0
37.7
33.3
32.9
33.2
33.6
34.3
34.1
33.9
34.3
34.2
34.4
34.4
34.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-31
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
31.5%
34.7%
36.8%
27.1%
39.5%
37.8%
36.6%
20.8%
39.7%
45.3%
0.7%
32.9%
39.3%
40.5%
100.0%
100.0%
4.1%
17.3%
19.6%
19.8%
16.8%
20.5%
19.8%
18.7%
16.7%
Transmission
Manual
81.5%
79.6%
80.8%
81.8%
81.4%
73.2%
69.2%
79.6%
62.9%
46.4%
48.5%
49.2%
30.5%
28.7%
24.7%
20.6%
21.4%
68.8%
85.5%
91.8%
86.9%
80.2%
83.7%
88.1%
68.7%
72.6%
71.1%
65.1%
73.0%
67.2%
65.0%
62.9%
61.6%
Lockup
14.3%
14.9%
13.3%
12.2%
11.5%
20.0%
18.7%
20.4%
22.9%
42.4%
30.9%
24.6%
58.9%
59.9%
60.7%
79.4%
78.6%
28.8%
14.2%
16.8%
32.7%
23.7%
28.9%
32.6%
35.6%
38.4%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
88.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
13.2%
30.7%
24.4%
32.7%
33.8%
59.3%
TBI
14.2%
26.7%
26.5%
39.2%
46.7%
27.9%
Diesel
2.1%
3.5%
2.0%
0.7%
0.2%
0.3%
Number of Valves
Two
87.3%
69.9%
7.9%
Three
12.7%
40.2%
100.0%
Four
30.1%
59.8%
100.0%
92.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-32
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
Prod
(000)
873
716
743
1040
700
698
690
829
761
766
545
466
527
378
216
274
264
111
184
153
80
1126
1639
1719
1928
1748
887
940
780
695
917
965
1001
654
1064
990
945
738
Frac
0.069
0.059
0.056
0.074
0.046
0.053
0.048
0.057
0.050
0.046
0.035
0.029
0.033
0.024
0.014
0.018
0.017
0.020
0.020
0.014
0.006
0.110
0.133
0.122
0.133
0.126
0.078
0.089
0.080
0.067
0.065
0.067
0.065
0.044
0.070
0.068
0.075
0.059
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
24.6
23.8
23.7
24.0
24.7
24.8
24.2
23.9
22.5
22.8
21.8
21.1
22.8
21.8
23.6
24.1
23.5
24.0
24.6
24.9
27.5
13.1
13.9
14.9
14.7
14.3
17.2
18.6
18.6
18.1
17.8
17.7
18.2
17.7
18.0
18.1
18.0
18.2
Adj
City
18.4
17.6
17.4
17.7
18.0
17.9
17.4
17.1
16.0
16.2
15.4
14.8
15.9
15.1
16.2
16.5
16.2
16.6
17.1
17.2
19.0
10.4
11.2
12.1
12.0
11.8
13.7
14.8
14.8
14.3
14.0
14.0
14.4
13.9
13.9
13.8
13.6
13.6
Adj
Hwy
23.4
22.8
22.6
22.6
23.3
23.4
22.7
22.4
21.0
21.2
20.2
19.4
21.0
20.0
21.5
21.8
21.1
21.4
21.9
22.1
24.3
12.2
12.7
13.4
13.1
12.6
15.8
17.3
17.3
16.9
16.7
16.5
17.0
16.5
17.2
17.2
17.4
17.6
Adj
Comp
20.5
19.8
19.7
19.9
20.4
20.4
19.8
19.5
18.4
18.6
17.7
17.0
18.4
17.5
18.8
19.2
18.7
19.0
19.5
19.7
21.7
11.1
11.8
12.7
12.4
12.1
14.6
15.9
15.9
15.4
15.1
15.0
15.5
15.0
15.2
15.2
15.2
15.3
Weight
Lb
3352
3493
3521
3618
3631
3668
3728
3714
3761
3740
3835
4019
3850
4070
3789
3820
3926
3902
3985
4006
3651
4241
4301
4319
4326
4486
4312
4124
4233
4270
4291
4292
4284
4375
4436
4444
4497
4476
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
190
195
198
197
190
187
196
192
200
192
207
226
197
219
192
197
202
201
202
199
152
343
344
347
339
330
305
293
299
302
301
305
298
309
318
318
320
315
HP
126
131
135
145
141
141
147
146
149
148
165
180
157
192
178
188
193
192
198
197
152
151
146
156
154
149
137
132
136
139
139
149
146
162
173
175
178
178
0-60
Time
12.7
12.7
12.5
12.1
12.3
12.4
12.3
12.2
12.1
12.2
11.5
11.0
11.9
10.6
10.6
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.2
10.3
11.5
13.3
13.8
13.1
13.2
14.1
14.3
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.3
13.4
13.6
12.8
12.2
12.2
12.1
12.1
HP/
cro
0.674
0.685
0.694
0.744
0.768
0.775
0.769
0.780
0.762
0.788
0.804
0.808
0.818
0.884
0.934
0.959
0.958
0.961
0.983
0.991
1.003
0.438
0.423
0.449
0.454
0.452
0.452
0.452
0.457
0.461
0.459
0.490
0.495
0.523
0.542
0.548
0.555
0.562
HP/
WT
0.0372
0.0373
0.0383
0.0398
0.0387
0.0381
0.0390
0.0390
0.0393
0.0395
0.0427
0.0447
0.0407
0.0470
0.0469
0.0491
0.0490
0.0490
0.0493
0.0487
0.0418
0.0358
0.0341
0.0363
0.0357
0.0334
0.0318
0.0320
0.0323
0.0325
0.0323
0.0348
0.0341
0.0370
0.0390
0.0395
0.0398
0.0397
Ton-
MPG
34.6
34.9
34.9
36.3
37.5
37.8
37.5
36.8
35.0
35.0
34.1
34.5
35.6
35.8
35.9
36.8
36.9
37.3
39.0
39.5
39.7
24.1
25.9
27.8
27.4
27.8
32.0
33.0
34.1
33.5
32.9
32.7
33.3
32.9
33.9
34.0
34.3
34.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-33
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Midsize
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
Drivetrain
Front
0.0%
0.0%
4WD
14.8%
15.5%
18.0%
16.9%
15.6%
14.3%
17.4%
19.9%
28.2%
28.8%
30.5%
41.8%
28.5%
42.1%
29.3%
14.8%
28.8%
32.5%
39.0%
39.2%
11.3%
16.1%
23.8%
25.2%
30.5%
10.5%
21.6%
13.4%
17.3%
22.3%
25.1%
25.8%
28.3%
30.8%
33.8%
34.8%
33.9%
32.5%
Transmission
Manual
63.5%
59.9%
59.4%
55.3%
59.8%
52.9%
48.9%
44.1%
32.7%
27.5%
21.8%
15.8%
21.3%
17.1%
22.7%
19.7%
15.8%
16.4%
19.5%
16.8%
26.7%
33.0%
32.9%
27.7%
28.5%
27.3%
39.5%
38.9%
30.9%
26.4%
26.7%
25.7%
27.0%
29.1%
26.8%
33.2%
24.9%
27.3%
Lockup
36.5%
40.1%
40.6%
44.7%
40.2%
47.1%
51.1%
55.9%
67.3%
72.5%
78.2%
84.2%
78.7%
82.9%
77.3%
80.3%
84.2%
83.6%
80.5%
83.2%
73.3%
1.7%
35.5%
42.1%
42.8%
52.2%
50.9%
48.1%
52.5%
41.6%
54.5%
56.6%
68.0%
71.3%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
36.6%
59.0%
65.5%
86.1%
82.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
9.1%
21.7%
43.1%
36.5%
38.8%
37.0%
39.5%
TBI
56.4%
32.7%
28.9%
11.9%
17.2%
0.7%
2.6%
36.0%
62.6%
60.8%
62.6%
60.1%
Diesel
1.4%
3.1%
5.5%
2.3%
9.4%
4.5%
2.4%
1.2%
0.7%
0.4%
0.5%
0.4%
0.4%
0.4%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.4%
95.2%
88.5%
90.5%
73.5%
39.4%
22.6%
24.1%
22.2%
9.3%
Three
Four
0.1%
0.6%
4.8%
11.5%
9.5%
26.5%
60.6%
77.4%
75.9%
77.8%
90.7%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
17.7%
49.4%
67.9%
45.2%
48.8%
50.1%
76.8%
46.1%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-34
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
872
996
1271
1273
1036
1588
1326
1571
1746
1893
1717
1753
1967
2076
1906
1850
1517
805
1123
1664
Frac
0.072
0.075
0.090
0.084
0.079
0.110
0.092
0.103
0.105
0.121
0.107
0.111
0.125
0.131
0.126
0.121
0.109
0.086
0.101
0.135
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
18.3
18.7
18.4
18.0
18.2
18.9
18.6
18.5
19.3
18.9
18.7
18.9
19.0
19.4
19.6
19.7
20.0
20.3
20.5
21.3
Adj
City
13.6
13.7
13.5
13.1
13.2
13.6
13.2
13.2
13.8
13.4
13.2
13.3
13.3
13.4
13.6
13.6
13.7
13.9
14.0
14.5
Adj
Hwy
17.8
18.0
17.6
17.2
17.4
18.1
17.8
17.5
17.9
17.5
17.2
17.3
17.3
17.8
18.0
18.2
18.5
19.0
19.1
19.9
Adj
Comp
15.4
15.6
15.3
14.9
15.1
15.6
15.3
15.2
15.8
15.4
15.2
15.3
15.3
15.6
15.8
15.9
16.1
16.4
16.5
17.1
Weight
Lb
4562
4552
4612
4672
4718
4801
4799
4958
4664
4809
4982
4977
5200
5117
5137
5318
5391
5449
5486
5350
Vol Cu-
Ft
Engine
cro
312
303
316
317
315
303
308
313
289
292
294
294
302
294
290
298
302
306
305
295
HP
174
180
189
188
210
222
225
238
230
234
246
249
266
269
266
279
292
296
301
315
0-60
Time
12.5
12.1
11.7
11.9
11.1
10.6
10.5
10.3
10.2
10.3
10.1
10.1
9.9
9.7
9.8
9.7
9.6
9.4
9.3
8.8
HP/
cro
0.556
0.600
0.601
0.598
0.671
0.737
0.735
0.762
0.800
0.807
0.836
0.845
0.881
0.914
0.919
0.935
0.962
0.968
0.987
1.080
HP/
WT
0.0382
0.0396
0.0411
0.0403
0.0446
0.0464
0.0470
0.0483
0.0492
0.0485
0.0493
0.0499
0.0511
0.0526
0.0517
0.0524
0.0538
0.0543
0.0549
0.0587
Ton-
MPG
35.2
35.6
35.3
35.0
35.7
37.5
36.8
37.6
36.7
37.0
37.8
38.0
39.7
39.8
40.4
42.2
43.5
44.7
45.4
46.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-35
March 2012
-------
Unilird $l«1#!t
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix E: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Size
Vehicle Size
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Large
Vehicle Type
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Model
Year
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.0%
4WD
32.1%
35.0%
36.6%
41.5%
37.9%
43.3%
43.2%
53.6%
44.8%
42.7%
43.6%
42.8%
47.6%
48.3%
50.1%
47.8%
50.2%
53.3%
59.4%
49.8%
Transmission
Manual
26.8%
22.4%
16.0%
20.7%
15.0%
10.5%
9.8%
6.3%
10.0%
7.6%
5.4%
5.0%
3.5%
3.9%
4.2%
2.8%
1.8%
0.6%
0.5%
1.2%
Lockup
73.1%
77.6%
84.0%
79.3%
85.0%
89.5%
90.2%
93.7%
90.0%
92.4%
94.6%
95.0%
96.5%
96.1%
95.8%
97.2%
98.2%
99.1%
99.4%
95.0%
CVT
0.3%
0.1%
0.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
7.5%
Port
45.0%
47.9%
47.3%
55.1%
99.7%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
92.5%
TBI
54.7%
52.1%
52.7%
44.9%
Diesel
0.3%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
98.9%
97.2%
96.3%
98.1%
99.2%
100.0%
87.0%
88.7%
89.9%
93.5%
72.0%
61.4%
55.2%
65.1%
65.4%
68.7%
45.6%
61.3%
Three
0.9%
18.2%
15.5%
17.1%
14.3%
13.0%
20.2%
33.8%
Four
0.1%
2.8%
3.7%
1.9%
0.8%
13.0%
11.3%
10.1%
6.5%
9.8%
23.0%
27.7%
20.6%
21.5%
11.2%
20.6%
38.7%
Five
WT
20.6%
38.2%
44.8%
39.2%
35.8%
33.8%
60.3%
90.1%
Hybrid
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.1%
0.5%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
E-36
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Mini-compact
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
Prod
(000)
244
203
221
191
256
200
162
263
137
348
335
304
282
203
113
177
178
81
118
84
79
65
72
78
118
122
143
132
180
168
163
168
154
148
79
41
103
941
Frac
0.030
0.021
0.020
0.017
0.024
0.021
0.019
0.034
0.017
0.032
0.031
0.027
0.026
0.019
0.011
0.020
0.020
0.010
0.013
0.010
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.009
0.013
0.012
0.015
0.014
0.020
0.019
0.018
0.019
0.016
0.017
0.012
0.006
0.013
0.114
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.7
19.4
20.0
19.4
20.1
20.6
21.9
25.7
23.9
26.7
26.9
28.1
27.5
27.4
26.9
27.7
29.0
26.7
28.4
26.0
26.3
26.0
26.7
24.4
25.8
25.9
26.2
24.9
25.0
24.5
24.6
25.3
25.6
27.5
27.1
26.4
30.4
23.0
Adj
City
15.1
14.9
15.5
15.0
15.3
15.6
17.1
19.7
18.4
20.3
20.5
21.3
20.5
20.3
19.9
20.5
21.4
19.4
20.6
18.7
18.7
18.2
18.7
17.0
17.9
17.9
18.0
16.9
16.9
16.4
16.3
16.8
16.9
18.3
17.9
17.5
20.2
17.6
Adj
Hwy
19.5
19.2
19.5
19.1
20.0
20.8
21.1
25.5
23.4
27.0
26.9
28.2
27.7
27.5
26.9
27.1
27.9
26.1
27.6
25.5
25.9
25.8
26.1
24.0
25.0
25.0
25.1
24.1
24.1
23.5
23.6
24.3
24.7
26.0
25.8
25.2
28.4
22.8
Adj
Comp
16.8
16.5
17.1
16.6
17.1
17.6
18.7
21.9
20.3
22.8
23.0
24.0
23 3
23.2
22.7
23.2
24.2
22.3
23.6
21.6
21.8
21.5
21.9
20.1
21.1
21.1
21.3
20.2
20.3
19.8
19.8
20.4
20.6
22.0
21.7
21.2
24.2
19.6
Weight
Lb
3016
3032
3062
3079
3026
2954
3005
2726
2756
2886
2826
2916
2920
2940
3031
2979
2890
3022
2975
3134
3177
3168
3057
3458
3179
3124
3207
3397
3440
3540
3502
3378
3398
3187
3272
3309
3149
2721
Vol
Cu-Ft
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.1
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.4
50.0
50.0
50.0
Engine
cro
173
187
183
187
180
180
202
147
146
174
158
166
167
171
199
164
149
187
169
207
204
216
178
244
208
208
200
224
229
235
241
226
227
207
222
240
193
128
HP
125
136
134
143
128
121
142
106
115
121
123
130
134
138
160
160
150
183
178
198
199
205
198
255
225
232
239
251
266
271
291
282
290
270
290
320
257
82
0-60
Time
12.6
12.1
12.4
11.8
12.2
12.3
10.6
13.0
11.8
12.1
11.6
11.7
11.5
11.2
10.2
10.3
10.8
10.0
9.6
8.8
8.9
8.6
8.7
7.7
7.9
7.7
7.6
7.6
7.3
7.4
7.1
7.1
7.0
7.7
7.6
6.8
8.0
15.2
HP/
cro
0.764
0.752
0.755
0.795
0.735
0.702
0.758
0.734
0.778
0.717
0.806
0.818
0.830
0.845
0.891
1.019
1.040
1.018
1.138
1.073
1.077
1.050
1.157
1.108
1.152
1.192
1.292
1.212
1.223
1.203
1.243
1.288
1.344
1.359
1.330
1.353
1.327
0.669
HP/
WT
0.0406
0.0429
0.0421
0.0446
0.0411
0.0400
0.0469
0.0377
0.0411
0.0410
0.0425
0.0430
0.0442
0.0455
0.0509
0.0511
0.0491
0.0565
0.0572
0.0613
0.0606
0.0632
0.0628
0.0732
0.0695
0.0723
0.0732
0.0732
0.0765
0.0762
0.0828
0.0824
0.0843
0.0806
0.0836
0.0933
0.0764
0.0298
Ton-MPG
25.2
25.1
26.2
25.5
26.1
26.3
28.3
30.5
28.3
33.9
33.4
35.7
35.2
35.3
35.7
35.2
35.7
33.8
35.8
34.4
35.1
34.1
33.9
35.1
33.6
33.8
34.6
34.6
35.0
35.3
34.9
34.6
35.2
35.5
35.9
35.5
39.2
27.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
880
855
887
904
959
1141
1038
1215
1234
1278
1260
1269
1265
1240
1305
1190
1255
1133
1145
1101
1132
1022
1077
1125
1101
1040
1031
1005
1004
1037
1044
1173
1168
1107
1311
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
1308
1276
1305
1315
1415
1523
1416
1694
1672
1784
1758
1765
1783
1760
1785
1691
1792
1719
1753
1706
1694
1753
1682
1689
1732
1732
1749
1763
1745
1731
1759
1790
1797
1775
1958
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-l
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Two-seater
Mini-compact
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
Drivetrain
Front
47.8%
17.1%
17.9%
25.0%
29.8%
32.7%
41.9%
32.6%
31.3%
34.9%
16.1%
42.3%
24.1%
23.5%
4.7%
10.8%
28.5%
4.6%
5.0%
3.0%
1.5%
1.0%
0.7%
0.8%
1.3%
0.4%
13.7%
19.6%
4WD
16.5%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
7.1%
2 9%
0.8%
9.5%
0.8%
0.5%
0.5%
2 2%
2.5%
3.5%
2.4%
Transmission
Manual
74.2%
70.5%
70.5%
71.8%
72.8%
74.0%
61.3%
69.2%
81.0%
60.4%
67.4%
62.4%
64.0%
62.1%
51.5%
66.9%
68.5%
55.3%
59.8%
57.5%
57.9%
55.6%
64.0%
36.6%
54.1%
63.0%
60.9%
47.3%
45.8%
38.9%
38.2%
50.7%
43.9%
35.8%
29.5%
40.6%
31.2%
65.5%
Lockup
0.3%
13.6%
20.1%
9.5%
4.5%
33.7%
26.3%
30.8%
28.5%
27.4%
36.6%
97 9°/
21.1%
26.8%
35.5%
35.6%
31.4%
40.8%
34.3%
61.2%
42.6%
34.6%
36.1%
49.8%
53.8%
60.2%
60.8%
47.5%
56.1%
49.6%
51.5%
45.5%
37.7%
2.3%
CVT
1.1%
1.0%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
11.2%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.0%
2.7%
8.5%
7.3%
6.7%
Port
42.4%
37.1%
40.2%
46.9%
31.5%
34.4%
55.4%
23.3%
40.3%
20.5%
53.3%
70.0%
71.3%
73.9%
85.8%
88.5%
81.4%
86.3%
94.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.0%
97.3%
91.5%
92.7%
93.3%
11.5%
TBI
9.5%
53.1%
11.6%
11.7%
14.6%
26.1%
14.2%
11.5%
18.6%
13.7%
5.6%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
81.2%
70.4%
76.2%
61.5%
33.0%
33.1%
49.7%
51.4%
34.4%
33.9%
35.3%
14.8%
38.2%
26.1%
26.9%
24.4%
26.5%
19.3%
20.0%
21.7%
19.8%
24.5%
23.1%
20.7%
29.0%
15.7%
Three
7.3%
22.2%
7.7%
9.6%
5.6%
13.6%
18.6%
22.6%
8.5%
3.1%
1.8%
2.6%
0.0%
0.1%
Four
11.5%
7.4%
23.8%
38.5%
67.0%
66.9%
50.3%
48.6%
65.6%
65.4%
64.3%
84.3%
61.1%
65.2%
72.7%
56.8%
63.3%
64.9%
58.7%
54.7%
70.7%
72.4%
75.1%
76.7%
70.9%
84.1%
Five
0.7%
0.4%
0.9%
0.7%
0.9%
0.5%
9.2%
4.6%
2.2%
2.8%
1.0%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
WT
1.8%
8.7%
22 1%
22.0%
31.2%
27.1%
51.8%
45.3%
22.6%
49.1%
42.4%
30.6%
50.6%
51.4%
50.5%
75.1%
64.2%
69.5%
67.7%
71.9%
84.2%
Hybrid
4.6%
2.4%
1.5%
0.6%
0.3%
0.4%
0.5%
13.7%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-2
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Model
Year
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
Prod
(000)
913
916
901
436
383
227
178
156
42
73
176
71
43
28
76
95
118
74
39
56
44
44
37
51
40
80
96
92
132
107
111
89
69
49
45
80
1011
1368
Frac
0.094
0.081
0.080
0.040
0.041
0.026
0.023
0.019
0.004
0.007
0.016
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.009
0.011
0.014
0.008
0.004
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.006
0.004
0.008
0.010
0.010
0.015
0.012
0.012
0.009
0.008
0.008
0.006
0.010
0.122
0.140
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
26.0
27.9
27.4
27.6
28.1
34.3
35.5
35.7
25.6
36.0
30.7
30.7
31.1
26.9
26.3
28.6
31.4
30.0
28.1
27.3
26.9
26.6
25.8
25.2
24.2
24.9
25.6
27.8
27.6
28.5
28.7
29.6
30.9
33.1
33.4
39.3
19.2
22 2
Adj
City
20.2
21.7
21.7
21.7
22.1
27.6
28.5
28.4
19.5
28.0
23.3
23.3
23.7
20.2
19.6
21.3
23.2
22.1
20.2
19.6
19.0
18.7
17.9
17.3
16.6
16.9
17.4
18.7
18.4
19.0
19.1
19.7
20.5
22.0
22.3
26.4
15.0
17.4
Adj
Hwy
25.2
26.8
25.6
26.3
26.8
31.3
32.3
33.3
25.7
34.9
30.4
30.0
29.8
25.9
25.6
27.3
29.7
28.3
27.3
26.3
26.1
25.9
25.4
25.1
23.9
24.4
24.5
26.4
26.2
26.8
27.0
27.7
28.7
30.3
30.4
34.4
18.6
21.1
Adj
Comp
22.2
23.8
23 3
23.5
24.0
29.1
30.1
30.4
21.8
30.7
26.1
26.0
26.2
22.6
22.1
23.9
26.0
24.8
23.3
22.6
22.1
21.9
21.2
20.7
19.9
20.3
20.7
22.3
22.1
22.7
22.9
23.6
24.5
26.1
26.2
30.4
16.4
18.9
Weight
Lb
2688
2544
2584
2450
2459
2164
2193
2273
2855
2300
2408
2636
2619
2866
3019
2912
2691
2819
3146
3218
3270
3338
3522
3602
3729
3711
3649
3408
3491
3368
3354
3380
3342
3260
3168
2857
3243
3033
Vol
Cu-Ft
78.8
79.1
79.7
82.8
82.6
82.7
82.0
75.9
79.2
80.5
77.2
77.9
77.2
80.7
75.5
81.0
79.5
81.0
79.9
76.8
76.6
78.9
79.3
79.6
80.5
81.5
82.1
82.3
81.7
81.4
80.8
81.0
80.5
81.1
79.6
Engine
cro
125
116
120
113
116
92
95
100
151
114
113
128
128
146
148
127
110
119
132
147
158
154
169
181
193
178
1 88
152
149
143
150
159
147
140
131
116
207
181
HP
80
83
83
77
78
67
70
77
141
95
105
131
129
148
145
137
118
130
163
166
179
185
195
220
244
228
238
199
185
187
197
215
203
200
191
171
107
97
0-60
Time
15.1
14.0
14.1
14.4
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.2
10.5
13.1
12.8
11.3
11.7
10.7
10.5
10.8
11.2
10.9
10.3
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.6
9.0
8.3
8.8
8.5
9.8
10.2
9.9
9.4
9.0
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
14.2
14.7
HP/
cro
0.673
0.756
0.730
0.689
0.675
0.723
0.727
0.754
0.927
0.818
0.881
0.985
0.954
0.985
0.969
1.076
1.073
1.089
1.202
1.122
1.127
1.194
1.146
1.199
1.300
1.293
1.301
1.309
1.241
1.328
1.338
1.375
1.389
1.433
1.453
1.441
0.585
0.607
HP/
WT
0.0297
0.0326
0.0322
0.0312
0.0314
0.0307
0.0311
0.0327
0.0484
0.0380
0.0403
0.0469
0.0462
0.0504
0.0475
0.0464
0.0435
0.0454
0.0501
0.0513
0.0538
0.0547
0.0548
0.0609
0.0656
0.0615
0.0646
0.0571
0.0522
0.0544
0.0578
0.0625
0.0595
0.0600
0.0583
0.0568
0.0329
0.0316
Ton-MPG
30.1
30.7
30.6
29.0
29.6
31.9
33.7
35.3
31.6
37.6
33.4
35.8
36.4
33.0
33.4
34.9
35.0
35.0
36.5
36.3
36.5
36.8
37.5
37.6
37.3
37.9
38.0
38.4
38.8
38.4
38.5
40.3
41.4
43.0
42.1
43.8
26.8
28.8
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1957
1920
1906
2031
2472
2604
2630
1721
2896
2459
2295
2409
1810
1799
1821
2141
2013
1935
1823
1764
1713
1689
1658
1599
1650
1728
1895
1860
1901
1903
1971
2049
2171
2198
2522
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
2420
2422
2315
2449
2639
2792
2901
2400
2994
2693
2786
2863
2562
2697
2640
2836
2779
2959
2907
2821
2834
2961
2984
2971
3059
3103
3157
3196
3144
3136
3258
3357
3464
3419
3491
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-3
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Mini-compact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Model
Year
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
Drivetrain
Front
22.1%
25.4%
22.3%
44.8%
47.2%
83.2%
80.4%
81.8%
30.6%
67.7%
54.6%
54.9%
62.4%
62.4%
1 1 .4%
50.9%
71.5%
64.9%
44.5%
17.3%
37.7%
48.1%
38.5%
25.7%
8.3%
33.7%
29.0%
58.3%
65.0%
67.0%
64.5%
71 .4%
77.3%
78.6%
83.3%
85.6%
17.6%
13.1%
4WD
3.5%
6.7%
4.7%
1.1%
3.2%
13.5%
16.0%
10.7%
7.0%
5.4%
2.3%
5.2%
7.2%
8.0%
6.8%
2.4%
2 2%
Transmission
Manual
63.5%
70.6%
61.0%
67.8%
54.1%
81.2%
80.8%
80.9%
84.3%
86.1%
82.7%
81.9%
76.6%
65.3%
61.6%
59.8%
55.3%
52.5%
43.2%
40.8%
48.0%
47.8%
34.4%
38.4%
46.9%
37.2%
38.8%
44.4%
28.8%
39.1%
37.7%
34.7%
30.6%
40.1%
30.2%
30.3%
40.9%
42.8%
Lockup
2.0%
5.5%
5.9%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
5.1%
3.9%
8.3%
16.1%
32.9%
37.8%
41.7%
45.7%
51.4%
50.6%
50.2%
50.2%
64.6%
55.9%
48.4%
59.2%
55.4%
46.0%
62.9%
49.1%
51.6%
63.6%
67.2%
51.9%
64.2%
41.1%
CVT
3.3%
9.7%
7.2%
11.8%
10.6%
1.7%
2.3%
28.6%
Fuel Metering
GDI
23.6%
23.4%
31.8%
48.1%
41.2%
Port
4.5%
1.9%
1.5%
3.4%
1.6%
1.0%
6.4%
20.6%
92.6%
46.9%
52.2%
85.9%
77.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
76.4%
76.6%
68.2%
51.9%
58.8%
8.9%
3.1%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
94.2%
81.4%
76.5%
63.1%
17.4%
9.4%
8.2%
18.0%
5.4%
5.3%
19.2%
17.7%
8.9%
16.6%
11.1%
12.9%
Three
79.4%
11.8%
22.8%
7.6%
0.4%
Four
5.8%
18.6%
23.5%
36.9%
3.2%
90.6%
91.8%
82.0%
94.6%
94.7%
80.8%
82.3%
91.1%
88.2%
59.1%
81.8%
94.0%
76.4%
79.7%
79.7%
98.2%
100.0%
99.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
18.1%
10.7%
6.0%
6.9%
9.2%
7.5%
1.8%
WT
4.0%
4.9%
6.6%
29.5%
23.1%
45.3%
40.3%
54.4%
62.5%
54.2%
47.0%
64.1%
39.4%
34.3%
32.5%
35.4%
78.3%
68.8%
85.9%
99.5%
99.4%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-4
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Model
Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
Prod
(000)
1577
2056
3044
3552
2712
2329
1968
2545
2181
2376
2088
2143
1950
1975
2303
2021
1872
1995
1623
1108
1488
1601
1382
1492
645
575
586
453
573
1098
1252
1218
813
633
673
1893
2557
2767
Frac
0.139
0.183
0.281
0.376
0.310
0.297
0.245
0.237
0.200
0.214
0.193
0.197
0.192
0.222
0.263
0.242
0.209
0.228
0.167
0.132
0.167
0.187
0.153
0.151
0.067
0.061
0.066
0.052
0.063
0.121
0.134
0.143
0.126
0.089
0.087
0.229
0.262
0.244
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
23.9
24.6
24.1
27.1
29.3
29.1
30.0
29.6
30.1
30.6
31.1
32.0
31.2
31.5
31.5
31.8
32.0
31.6
31.5
32.9
32.5
31.6
31.3
30.7
28.4
28.2
27.2
27.3
28.0
31.3
31.8
32.2
33.8
33.6
33.8
16.2
17.5
17.9
Adj
City
18.8
19.4
19.0
21.3
23.3
22.8
23.4
22.9
23.3
23.6
23.9
24.6
23.6
23.9
23.4
23.5
23.3
22.7
22.5
23.3
23.1
22.1
21.8
21.3
19.4
19.1
18.4
18.3
18.7
20.7
21.1
21.4
22.4
22 2
22.3
12.9
13.9
14.2
Adj
Hwy
22.6
23.4
22.8
25.7
27.3
27.7
29.0
28.8
29.2
29.5
29.7
30.1
29.6
29.5
29.9
30.3
30.4
30.4
30.4
31.4
30.5
30.0
29.5
28.7
27.1
27.0
25.7
25.7
26.2
29.1
29.4
29.8
31.1
31.0
31.2
15.0
16.4
16.7
Adj
Comp
20.3
21.0
20.5
23.1
24.9
24.8
25.6
25.2
25.6
25.9
26.3
26.9
26.1
26.3
26.2
26.4
26.4
26.0
25.9
26.9
26.5
25.7
25.3
24.7
22.9
22.8
21.9
21.9
22.4
24.8
25.2
25.5
26.6
26.5
26.7
13.8
14.9
15.2
Weight
Lb
2966
2842
2847
2640
2604
2657
2688
2737
2734
2764
2728
2668
2748
2762
2779
2806
2797
2879
2949
2875
2909
2984
2973
3026
3226
3293
3438
3365
3352
3223
3190
3261
3182
3261
3293
3958
4025
4129
Vol
Cu-Ft
90.7
89.7
90.4
89.9
90.3
91.8
93.3
93.3
93.9
94.7
92.7
93.2
93.1
94.5
94.8
93.8
94.4
94.4
93.6
94.9
95.5
96.4
96.4
96.5
93.5
95.5
94.9
95.9
97.3
98.0
98.2
97.7
97.7
97.0
96.8
107.3
Engine
cro
174
159
155
128
124
133
136
140
136
136
128
122
129
117
124
122
124
134
141
136
126
139
137
145
173
183
176
174
171
149
147
147
138
145
148
288
289
291
HP
98
94
94
82
81
86
91
97
100
100
99
99
104
108
111
117
120
125
134
132
128
135
137
144
173
186
185
192
189
171
172
177
169
180
197
129
125
131
0-60
Time
14.2
14.4
14.2
14.7
14.7
14.5
14.0
13.5
13.2
13.4
13.7
13.5
13.0
12.5
12.3
12.0
11.8
11.7
11.3
11.2
11.5
11.1
11.0
10.7
9.9
9.5
9.8
9.5
9.4
9.9
9.8
9.8
9.9
9.7
9.5
14.6
15.2
14.6
HP/
cro
0.633
0.649
0.659
0.669
0.676
0.666
0.693
0.722
0.760
0.765
0.795
0.823
0.852
0.962
0.938
0.987
0.977
0.973
1.015
1.024
1.058
1.022
1.032
1.040
1.035
1.074
1.079
1.144
1.170
1.178
1.195
1.212
1.235
1.252
1.311
0.454
0.434
0.452
HP/
WT
0.0325
0.0321
0.0323
0.0308
0.0308
0.0317
0.0330
0.0348
0.0358
0.0354
0.0350
0.0358
0.0369
0.0385
0.0392
0.0408
0.0418
0.0423
0.0443
0.0446
0.0431
0.0447
0.0454
0.0469
0.0528
0.0557
0.0535
0.0559
0.0555
0.0521
0.0526
0.0530
0.0520
0.0536
0.0573
0.0322
0.0307
0.0315
Ton-MPG
30.7
30.4
29.6
30.8
32.9
33.6
34.9
35.0
35.4
36.2
36.1
36.2
36.2
36.6
36.7
37.4
37.3
37.8
38.6
38.9
38.7
38.5
37.8
37.6
37.2
37.7
37.8
37.1
37.7
40.5
40.6
41.9
42.7
43.6
44.1
27.6
30.2
31.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1983
2032
1955
2148
2334
2377
2505
2457
2506
2560
2528
2616
2546
2558
2563
2572
2587
2548
2532
2650
2589
2530
2491
2434
2195
2221
2105
2154
2226
2508
2556
2574
2672
2658
2678
1655
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
2783
2726
2674
2768
2971
3077
3262
3265
3325
3435
3349
3376
3378
3458
3476
3511
3524
3569
3612
3693
3695
3716
3648
3630
3480
3600
3585
3555
3667
3973
3984
4099
4170
4228
4271
3391
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-5
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Subcompact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Model
Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
Drivetrain
Front
19.4%
22 3%
25.9%
35.3%
36.0%
39.8%
53.4%
49.8%
58.7%
64.5%
69.1%
77.7%
72.3%
87.9%
84.3%
84.2%
84.6%
81.8%
72.1%
75.8%
83.3%
81.3%
83.2%
76.7%
57.7%
51.0%
65.4%
44.3%
59.1%
75.3%
73.6%
76.3%
78.8%
68.5%
60.6%
2 4%
2.5%
2.3%
4WD
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
0.5%
0.3%
1.1%
0.5%
1.2%
1.1%
0.5%
1.4%
1.6%
1.7%
0.2%
1 .4%
1.1%
0.6%
0.6%
0.5%
0.5%
0.8%
5.9%
2.2%
6.6%
4.8%
3.8%
4.3%
2 9%
4.7%
4.9%
5.8%
Transmission
Manual
46.5%
53.3%
48.2%
56.5%
57.0%
53.6%
53.9%
51.5%
49.4%
50.3%
51.3%
53.6%
46.5%
44.9%
39.1%
38.0%
42.6%
37.7%
40.4%
41 .4%
31.4%
30.1%
27.5%
26.2%
32.1%
34.2%
27.5%
34.2%
25.5%
91 9°/
20.1%
17.3%
13.7%
10.8%
16.3%
8.1%
6.3%
4.4%
Lockup
1.1%
1.6%
3.5%
8.5%
23.6%
32.0%
35.1%
34.1%
34.0%
39.4%
40.0%
45.3%
51.1%
56.2%
56.4%
51.9%
58.0%
55.4%
52.1%
64.9%
68.3%
71.0%
71.9%
64.4%
65.5%
71.4%
64.6%
73.7%
78.3%
79.7%
78.3%
83.1%
84.4%
79.2%
0.0%
CVT
0.6%
0.2%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
1.1%
1.2%
0.9%
0.5%
0.2%
4.3%
3.0%
3.5%
3.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.2%
9.7%
10.8%
13.0%
Port
12.5%
11.7%
7.3%
10.9%
12.1%
14.8%
21.5%
28.9%
28.8%
36.5%
40.3%
35.7%
44.5%
71.5%
59.6%
84.5%
91.7%
93.6%
95.0%
92 2%
95.5%
99.1%
99.2%
99.2%
98.9%
98.6%
99.3%
99.5%
99.5%
99.5%
100.0%
96.8%
90.1%
89.2%
87.0%
4.4%
3.6%
3.8%
TBI
3.2%
2.7%
3.0%
5.1%
4.9%
6.8%
15.2%
20.6%
24.0%
40.3%
15.5%
8.3%
6.4%
5.0%
7.8%
4.5%
0.7%
0.6%
0.3%
Diesel
1.2%
1.8%
1.5%
3.4%
5.5%
4.1%
1.2%
1.7%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%
0.5%
1.1%
1 .4%
0.7%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.1%
1.0%
0.9%
1.1%
Number of Valves
Two
82.5%
59.7%
53.6%
58.1%
35.0%
45.1%
41.6%
43.3%
45.2%
34.9%
32.4%
21.3%
39.1%
41.3%
45.3%
47.4%
47.5%
26.8%
38.8%
21.8%
13.3%
10.8%
4.9%
3.4%
7.6%
0.4%
Three
13.8%
26.9%
21.8%
12.6%
8.2%
11.8%
11.0%
11.5%
7.8%
3.1%
2.6%
2 4%
6.8%
1.5%
1 .4%
4.8%
5.3%
4.4%
12.8%
6.9%
5.7%
3.4%
2.2%
3.6%
Four
3.7%
13.4%
24.6%
29.3%
56.8%
43.1%
47.4%
45.2%
47.0%
62.0%
64.9%
78.7%
58.4%
51.7%
51.4%
47.5%
44.0%
64.5%
53.8%
63.6%
79.0%
83.4%
91.7%
94.5%
88.9%
99.6%
Five
0.2%
1.8%
3.7%
3.7%
3.5%
2 9%
1.8%
0.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
WT
5.7%
12.3%
13.4%
17.6%
18.0%
26.0%
26.9%
28.2%
24.7%
99 S°/
27.7%
23.8%
15.8%
21.1%
36.7%
60.9%
64.5%
72.7%
75.3%
91.6%
99.2%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-6
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Model
Year
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
Prod
(000)
1482
668
690
976
1268
1456
2732
2929
3348
4012
4317
3585
2771
2455
2221
2473
2602
3432
2981
2840
2126
2368
2612
3197
2998
2812
2521
2342
1819
1722
1421
1315
1788
1337
1631
1964
2226
3339
Frac
0.132
0.062
0.073
0.112
0.162
0.181
0.254
0.269
0.302
0.370
0.398
0.354
0.312
0.280
0.266
0.277
0.297
0.353
0.356
0.319
0.248
0.263
0.264
0.335
0.316
0.315
0.291
0.258
0.201
0.184
0.166
0.204
0.250
0.173
0.197
0.201
0.196
0.298
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
20.2
19.5
22.4
26.7
29.0
28.8
29.7
29.8
29.8
29.7
29.9
29.9
29.0
29.0
28.6
29.6
29.8
30.6
30.3
30.3
30.9
30.1
30.5
31.7
31.8
32.1
31.9
32.7
31.8
32.4
31.8
33.7
34.6
34.9
13.6
15.7
16.4
18.6
Adj
City
15.8
15.4
17.4
20.7
22 2
99 9
23.0
23.1
23.0
22.7
22.6
22.5
21.6
21.4
20.9
21.5
21.5
21.8
21.4
21.2
21.4
20.8
21.0
21.8
21.6
21.7
21.3
21.8
21.2
21.6
21.1
22.5
23.0
23.2
10.5
12.2
12.9
14.4
Adj
Hwy
19.3
18.3
21.6
26.1
28.8
28.2
28.8
29.0
28.9
28.9
28.9
28.8
28.1
27.9
27.8
28.6
28.7
29.5
29.3
29.3
29.7
28.8
28.9
29.6
29.5
29.6
29.5
29.8
29.3
29.7
29.5
30.7
31.5
31.6
13.1
15.1
15.7
17.9
Adj
Comp
17.2
16.6
19.1
22.8
24.8
24.5
25.3
25.5
25.3
25.2
25.2
25.1
24.3
24.2
23.8
24.6
24.6
25.2
24.9
24.8
25.2
24.4
24.6
25.5
25.4
25.5
25.3
25.7
25.1
25.6
25.2
26.5
27.2
27.4
11.6
13.4
14.0
15.8
Weight
Lb
3552
3624
3185
2825
2794
2844
2798
2804
2819
2836
2889
2886
2985
2984
3034
2982
3023
2998
3007
3004
3010
3135
3097
3056
3065
3088
3122
3084
3256
3251
3311
3297
3272
3349
4630
4558
4474
3820
Vol
Cu-Ft
105.1
105.3
106.2
104.3
102.9
103.2
103.1
102.9
103.2
102.8
103.6
102.8
103.3
104.5
104.3
104.1
103.9
103.9
103.1
102.6
102.7
103.2
103.6
103.0
103.6
104.0
103.6
103.8
104.8
105.4
104.6
104.9
104.9
104.9
112.9
113.0
Engine
cro
236
246
186
142
128
141
137
138
137
135
136
130
138
136
143
139
138
134
134
135
131
139
132
130
128
131
135
131
145
137
142
137
143
141
353
343
332
292
HP
113
117
102
91
87
91
91
98
98
101
107
108
118
120
127
121
124
133
133
134
134
141
138
139
140
146
153
150
167
162
170
166
173
175
158
156
151
135
0-60
Time
14.5
14.4
14.4
14.2
14.6
14.4
14.3
13.5
13.5
13.3
13.0
12.7
12.3
12.1
11.8
12.0
11.9
11.2
11.1
11.1
11.0
11.0
11.1
11.0
11.0
10.6
10.4
10.4
10.0
10.2
10.0
10.2
9.9
9.8
13.9
13.8
13.9
13.4
HP/
cro
0.506
0.495
0.577
0.671
0.695
0.677
0.687
0.727
0.735
0.759
0.794
0.837
0.857
0.887
0.893
0.886
0.912
0.992
0.999
0.988
1.028
1.028
1.049
1.074
1.091
1.121
1.137
1.152
1.164
1.188
1.204
1.211
1.214
1.237
0.447
0.454
0.454
0.464
HP/
WT
0.0318
0.0321
0.0324
0.0325
0.0310
0.0318
0.0321
0.0347
0.0346
0.0351
0.0365
0.0372
0.0393
0.0400
0.0416
0.0405
0.0408
0.0439
0.0441
0.0442
0.0444
0.0448
0.0441
0.0449
0.0451
0.0467
0.0483
0.0479
0.0506
0.0491
0.0506
0.0493
0.0515
0.0511
0.0341
0.0340
0.0337
0.0353
Ton-MPG
30.6
30.4
30.7
32.4
34.8
35.2
35.7
36.0
36.0
35.9
36.6
36.4
36.4
36.3
36.2
36.7
37.3
37.8
37.5
37.3
38.0
38.4
38.3
39.2
39.2
39.8
39.8
40.0
41.3
41.8
41.9
44.2
44.9
46.6
27.2
30.7
31.6
30.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1842
1783
2078
2433
2591
2602
2672
2684
2669
2631
2653
2612
2535
2569
2510
2585
2585
2643
2590
2569
2620
2558
2588
2671
2676
2710
2670
2723
2704
2752
2698
2859
2924
2964
1601
1823
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
3221
3201
3265
3377
3579
3633
3682
3706
3713
3689
3794
3739
3756
3799
3777
3823
3876
3929
3866
3830
3903
3963
3965
4033
4055
4139
4119
4146
4333
4404
4384
4632
4710
4887
3565
3422
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-7
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Compact
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Model
Year
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
Drivetrain
Front
17.8%
13.6%
56.8%
81.4%
84.8%
74.7%
82.0%
85.3%
86.6%
90.5%
91.2%
95.8%
95.5%
95.0%
96.1%
97.5%
96.2%
95.4%
97.3%
95.5%
93.8%
93.5%
92.0%
92.0%
90.2%
86.6%
87.8%
88.1%
80.6%
86.7%
81.5%
82.8%
82.9%
75.9%
2.7%
2.5%
2.1%
1.4%
4WD
5.8%
2.1%
1.9%
2 2%
0.8%
0.2%
0.2%
0.4%
0.2%
0.5%
0.8%
1.6%
0.9%
0.5%
0.4%
0.8%
0.9%
1.1%
1.8%
1.7%
1.4%
2 2%
3.5%
3.8%
5.2%
5.3%
5.4%
6.3%
9.7%
9.0%
4.6%
9.6%
Transmission
Manual
10.0%
9.0%
14.5%
32.9%
34.8%
32.3%
28.4%
28.3%
28.5%
29.5%
25.6%
26.0%
19.3%
21.7%
19.2%
18.3%
18.8%
19.5%
17.2%
16.8%
15.3%
13.1%
15.3%
15.8%
16.5%
16.2%
14.6%
14.1%
12.5%
11.7%
11.0%
9.1%
9.2%
18.3%
0.6%
0.4%
0.3%
1.7%
Lockup
16.3%
6.7%
5.8%
39.7%
42.4%
41.0%
42.8%
50.0%
49.3%
59.0%
56.2%
63.6%
65.3%
66.2%
69.9%
72.8%
78.7%
81.9%
83.2%
84.4%
86.4%
83.2%
82.8%
82.3%
81.8%
83.9%
84.6%
85.2%
76.0%
83.6%
86.9%
81.4%
67.2%
11.1%
CVT
0.5%
0.9%
2.0%
1.5%
1.3%
2.2%
12.3%
5.4%
4.0%
6.0%
13.6%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.5%
5.4%
7.5%
10.0%
Port
9.1%
14.8%
10.8%
8.0%
8.3%
13.2%
21.6%
24.0%
33.0%
32.4%
48.7%
54.9%
66.7%
82.3%
89.0%
87.7%
91.7%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
99.6%
99.7%
99.5%
99.5%
99.2%
99.3%
99.5%
99.5%
97.8%
100.0%
96.5%
92.5%
90.4%
87.6%
0.7%
0.6%
0.7%
1.4%
TBI
13.1%
37.4%
32.4%
46.9%
43.4%
42 2%
42.7%
40.0%
33.2%
17.3%
10.8%
12.3%
8.3%
Diesel
2.2%
8.0%
8.4%
6.0%
5.3%
4.4%
2.8%
2 4%
0.7%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.0%
0.4%
0.3%
0.5%
0.5%
0.8%
0.7%
0.5%
0.5%
2.2%
2.1%
2.1%
2 4%
Number of Valves
Two
99.0%
86.4%
79.6%
62.4%
60.0%
55.1%
58.8%
55.5%
49.3%
32.3%
32.5%
35.5%
22.6%
27.0%
26.2%
24 2%
26.0%
13.7%
11.3%
11.1%
12.3%
9.6%
8.0%
7.1%
8.3%
9.5%
Three
8.3%
9.5%
21.8%
5.5%
6.1%
4.7%
1.5%
1.5%
1.5%
2 9%
1.9%
0.7%
2.5%
2.0%
2.4%
1.5%
1.1%
1.2%
1.3%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Four
1.0%
5.3%
10.9%
15.8%
34.5%
38.8%
36.6%
43.0%
50.7%
66.2%
65.9%
61.3%
74.2%
71.1%
69.9%
70.9%
68.4%
81.4%
84.7%
86.2%
86.3%
90.3%
92.0%
92.9%
91.7%
90.5%
Five
0.3%
1.2%
1.2%
1.3%
2 9%
3.2%
3.3%
2.8%
1.6%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
WT
0.5%
1.0%
0.6%
7.4%
9.9%
10.3%
7.4%
12.5%
13.7%
25.5%
39.0%
38.1%
48.0%
54.2%
61.3%
71.0%
62.8%
51.6%
68.2%
84.2%
86.8%
Hybrid
0.8%
1.7%
0.9%
1.2%
1.7%
2.1%
2.3%
1.5%
3.9%
10.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Model
Year
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Prod
(000)
3211
2987
2902
2136
2269
2770
Till
2666
2253
2113
2591
2342
2114
2120
2330
2057
2515
2359
2399
2967
3141
2894
2480
2807
2483
2522
2886
2413
3083
2486
1930
2261
2642
1555
1679
2319
2048
2111
Frac
0.297
0.316
0.332
0.273
0.282
0.258
0.255
0.241
0.208
0.195
0.256
0.264
0.241
0.254
0.261
0.235
0.259
0.282
0.270
0.346
0.348
0.292
0.260
0.296
0.278
0.292
0.318
0.266
0.330
0.291
0.299
0.316
0.343
0.188
0.172
0.204
0.183
0.195
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.1
21.6
22.9
24.0
23.9
24.1
24.9
25.9
26.0
26.7
26.6
26.2
26.0
25.8
26.1
25.9
26.1
26.5
26.5
27.1
27.1
27.0
27.2
27.7
28.3
28.7
29.8
29.6
31.2
31.4
32.4
34.1
34.5
13.1
14.2
15.9
16.8
17.4
Adj
City
15.0
16.8
17.8
18.4
18.4
18.5
19.0
19.6
19.5
19.7
19.5
19.0
18.8
18.4
18.6
18.3
18.2
18.5
18.4
18.7
18.5
18.4
18.5
18.8
18.9
19.0
19.7
19.6
20.7
20.9
21.5
22.7
22.6
10.2
11.1
12.4
13.0
13.7
Adj
Hwy
18.1
21.0
22.3
23.8
23.6
23.9
24.9
25.9
26.0
27.1
27.1
26.8
26.5
26.3
26.4
26.0
26.5
26.5
26.7
26.9
26.8
26.5
26.5
26.5
27.3
27.5
28.2
28.0
29.1
29.0
29.8
31.1
32.1
12.6
13.5
15.2
16.3
16.5
Adj
Comp
16.3
18.4
19.6
20.5
20.4
20.6
21.3
22.0
22.1
22.6
22.5
22.1
21.9
21.6
21.8
21.5
21.7
21.9
21.9
22.3
22.2
22.0
22.1
22.4
22.8
23.0
23.8
23.6
24.8
24.8
25.6
26.8
27.2
11.2
12.1
13.5
14.3
14.8
Weight
Lb
3710
3362
3346
3321
3316
3318
3319
3241
3247
3293
3314
3450
3412
3515
3515
3529
3546
3527
3551
3534
3540
3550
3566
3549
3567
3577
3545
3568
3581
3564
3539
3577
3601
5142
5156
4482
4394
4210
Vol
Cu-Ft
113.1
113.2
113.9
113.9
113.8
113.7
113.6
113.8
113.7
113.4
113.6
113.7
113.5
113.9
113.9
113.5
114.3
114.1
114.5
114.0
114.0
113.6
113.7
114.8
114.6
114.0
114.5
114.0
113.8
113.3
113.9
114.3
113.5
128.1
128.5
130.0
Engine
cro
272
229
220
211
212
210
205
194
189
183
181
187
191
191
192
190
189
181
184
177
175
174
175
177
174
174
168
169
165
163
156
158
153
410
410
366
357
339
HP
128
113
107
107
111
113
117
119
123
129
131
141
147
151
153
155
166
162
170
169
171
178
180
185
189
190
185
191
191
191
184
188
189
180
180
166
162
154
0-60
Time
13.6
13.8
14.2
14.2
13.8
13.6
13.3
13.0
12.7
12.3
12.2
12.0
11.5
11.5
11.4
11.4
10.7
10.9
10.6
10.5
10.5
10.2
10.1
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.8
9.6
9.6
9.5
9.8
9.5
9.6
13.5
13.4
12.8
12.8
12.9
HP/
cro
0.474
0.512
0.509
0.529
0.544
0.563
0.606
0.640
0.684
0.718
0.735
0.758
0.773
0.801
0.812
0.827
0.889
0.906
0.933
0.965
0.984
1.027
1.034
1.055
1.096
1.100
1.096
1.137
1.143
1.161
1.162
1.170
1.228
0.439
0.440
0.453
0.457
0.454
HP/
WT
0.0345
0.0336
0.0322
0.0324
0.0336
0.0342
0.0354
0.0364
0.0379
0.0389
0.0396
0.0407
0.0428
0.0427
0.0434
0.0437
0.0465
0.0459
0.0476
0.0477
0.0480
0.0499
0.0503
0.0519
0.0529
0.0528
0.0515
0.0531
0.0524
0.0525
0.0511
0.0518
0.0517
0.0348
0.0349
0.0370
0.0370
0.0365
Ton-MPG
30.3
31.1
32.9
34.3
34.0
34.3
35.4
35.8
35.9
37.3
37.4
38.2
37.4
38.0
38.4
38.0
38.5
38.7
39.0
39.5
39.4
39.2
39.6
39.8
40.8
41.6
42.8
42.8
45.3
45.4
46.0
50.4
50.5
28.9
31.1
30.4
31.7
31.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1870
2113
2255
2377
2363
2373
2453
2535
2540
2589
2575
2529
2497
2472
2497
2457
2491
2506
2523
2553
2538
2513
2530
2582
2629
2667
2793
2759
2913
2937
2998
3252
3220
1759
1869
1940
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
3425
3523
3746
3906
3876
3896
4025
4075
4088
4231
4246
4343
4243
4334
4377
4321
4403
4409
4465
4502
4486
4448
4501
4572
4676
4738
4900
4874
5149
5142
5243
5763
5737
3895
4071
4073
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-9
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Midsize Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Model
Year
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Drivetrain
Front
5.2%
30.2%
32.3%
44.7%
48.9%
55.1%
61.9%
71.0%
77.3%
87.0%
86.5%
85.2%
87.2%
79.1%
85.4%
84.7%
79.6%
91.9%
90.6%
95.2%
95.2%
92.3%
93.0%
94.2%
91.7%
91.7%
91.4%
89.4%
89.0%
85.3%
90.5%
88.5%
87.1%
1.5%
1.5%
1.5%
1.1%
4WD
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
0.9%
1.2%
0.8%
0.6%
1.0%
1.9%
3.0%
3.8%
6.5%
4.5%
6.8%
6.7%
Transmission
Manual
1.9%
7.8%
5.6%
2.0%
1.2%
0.9%
1.3%
1.8%
1.5%
3.8%
4.7%
3.9%
3.6%
2.7%
2.3%
2.0%
2.7%
4.3%
2.5%
3.0%
3.3%
3.5%
3.1%
2.6%
2.9%
3.2%
3.2%
3.7%
2.7%
2.5%
2.1%
1 .4%
2.2%
0.0%
0.0%
Lockup
21.4%
25.3%
52.2%
82.6%
80.0%
82.0%
77.6%
76.4%
77.6%
91.1%
91.7%
93.9%
94.5%
96.6%
97.2%
97.7%
97.2%
94.9%
97.5%
97.0%
96.3%
95.7%
96.1%
97.1%
97.0%
94.2%
92.4%
92.5%
77.6%
68.9%
71.2%
67.6%
74.2%
2.5%
6.5%
CVT
0.1%
0.1%
1.9%
4.2%
3.7%
19.8%
28.6%
26.8%
30.5%
22.7%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.8%
3.1%
5.8%
11.3%
Port
2.3%
1.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.5%
3.8%
13.0%
25.4%
40.7%
66.9%
78.3%
86.6%
88.7%
94.7%
95.6%
96.0%
98.9%
99.7%
99.8%
99.9%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.6%
99.8%
99.9%
96.0%
96.8%
94.2%
88.5%
1.2%
0.5%
0.2%
0.2%
TBI
1.5%
2.3%
15.4%
17.2%
25.6%
37.1%
42.3%
43.4%
28.0%
21.0%
13.3%
11.2%
5.3%
4.4%
4.0%
1.1%
Diesel
1 .4%
2.5%
4.0%
3.8%
1.7%
1.0%
0.3%
0.2%
0.4%
0.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.2%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
1 .4%
3.5%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
93.4%
94.3%
90.6%
89.7%
77.0%
72.7%
68.1%
61.5%
52.6%
50.1%
44.5%
36.1%
25.1%
28.2%
21.4%
21.9%
16.2%
13.6%
12.5%
7.3%
6.5%
1.2%
0.1%
0.2%
Three
6.5%
4.9%
4.3%
4.9%
1.6%
1.2%
1 .4%
1 .4%
1.8%
0.9%
2.5%
1.6%
1.1%
0.2%
Four
0.1%
0.8%
5.1%
5.3%
21.4%
27.3%
31.9%
38.5%
47.4%
49.9%
53.1%
59.7%
71.1%
66.6%
74.7%
72.1%
80.0%
84.6%
87.2%
92.7%
93.5%
98.8%
99.9%
99.8%
Five
1.3%
2.7%
2 4%
3.4%
3.0%
3.6%
9 9°/
0.7%
0.2%
WT
2.3%
2.7%
3.6%
4.0%
3.9%
8.9%
11.0%
10.1%
22.0%
20.9%
29.4%
25.3%
45.0%
55.3%
54.7%
68.5%
78.5%
79.0%
73.1%
89.3%
99.6%
99.8%
Hybrid
1.9%
4.9%
3.8%
7.8%
8.7%
7.6%
13.2%
10.1%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-10
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Model
Year
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Prod
(000)
963
956
832
1079
1236
1512
1267
1218
1303
1289
1092
1012
1241
1104
1277
1305
1066
1195
912
1059
1665
1416
1252
1261
1185
1234
1570
1174
1407
955
832
1226
477
345
385
361
310
310
Frac
0.102
0.109
0.106
0.134
0.115
0.139
0.114
0.112
0.120
0.127
0.123
0.116
0.148
0.123
0.146
0.134
0.127
0.134
0.106
0.117
0.168
0.148
0.132
0.141
0.137
0.136
0.173
0.126
0.165
0.148
0.116
0.159
0.058
0.035
0.034
0.032
0.029
0.033
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.1
20.4
20.7
20.2
20.5
22.3
23.9
23.9
24.2
24.0
23.7
23.6
23.8
24.2
24.1
24.4
24.3
24.5
24.6
24.8
25.6
25.4
26.0
26.0
26.0
26.4
26.0
26.0
27.3
28.4
28.3
30.5
22.4
23.9
25.5
24.3
25.7
28.6
Adj
City
14.7
15.4
15.6
15.2
15.5
16.6
17.6
17.4
17.6
17.3
16.9
16.8
16.8
17.0
16.8
16.9
16.7
16.8
16.8
16.8
17.3
17.1
17.4
17.3
17.2
17.4
17.1
17.1
17.8
18.6
18.5
19.8
17.4
18.7
20.2
19.2
20.3
22.6
Adj
Hwy
18.8
20.8
21.0
20.6
21.0
23.3
25.4
25.4
25.6
25.3
25.1
24.8
25.0
25.2
24.9
25.4
25.3
25.4
25.2
25.2
25.7
25.5
25.7
25.6
25.6
25.5
25.2
25.3
26.8
27.6
27.4
29.8
21.6
22.9
23.8
22.9
24.3
27.0
Adj
Comp
16.3
17.4
17.7
17.3
17.5
19.1
20.4
20.3
20.6
20.4
20.0
19.9
20.0
20.3
20.1
20.4
20.3
20.4
20.4
20.5
21.0
20.8
21.2
21.1
21.1
21.2
20.9
21.0
22.0
22.8
22.7
24.5
19.1
20.4
21.7
20.7
21.9
24.4
Weight
Lb
4130
4108
4034
4041
4022
3841
3719
3696
3730
3721
3799
3893
3872
3831
3859
3830
3895
3821
3784
3854
3782
3774
3768
3841
3858
3933
4014
4026
3966
3883
3923
3833
2834
2902
2801
2805
2711
2591
Vol
Cu-Ft
130.9
131.0
131.0
131.3
130.9
129.3
127.4
127.0
128.1
127.4
126.7
129.0
129.6
128.9
128.3
127.9
128.1
127.4
127.4
127.0
124.9
124.8
124.3
124.8
124.7
125.0
124.7
123.8
123.2
122.6
122.8
121.9
108.0
108.0
105.1
108.2
Engine
cro
314
304
292
293
294
279
260
260
262
262
258
264
262
256
249
248
250
242
240
235
221
221
218
224
225
225
230
229
213
200
202
190
128
136
134
134
123
113
HP
137
133
135
140
140
143
147
149
150
158
161
178
186
181
188
207
217
217
218
222
215
204
209
208
211
216
238
236
232
225
232
232
87
86
85
90
81
75
0-60
Time
14.0
14.3
13.9
13.4
13.4
12.7
12.1
11.8
11.9
11.4
11.4
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.2
9.4
9.2
9.1
8.9
8.9
9.2
9.5
9.3
9.5
9.4
9.5
8.9
9.0
9.0
9.0
8.9
8.7
14.8
15.2
14.9
14.3
15.1
15.4
HP/
cro
0.440
0.444
0.468
0.481
0.478
0.512
0.577
0.587
0.587
0.619
0.639
0.685
0.715
0.720
0.766
0.845
0.879
0.903
0.922
0.971
0.980
0.932
0.975
0.929
0.944
0.964
1.045
1.036
1.106
1.146
1.166
1.251
0.713
0.668
0.685
0.709
0.684
0.685
HP/
WT
0.0331
0.0325
0.0337
0.0347
0.0349
0.0371
0.0396
0.0405
0.0405
0.0427
0.0427
0.0459
0.0480
0.0473
0.0487
0.0539
0.0557
0.0567
0.0575
0.0576
0.0564
0.0538
0.0554
0.0538
0.0546
0.0545
0.0589
0.0581
0.0581
0.0576
0.0587
0.0601
0.0307
0.0297
0.0305
0.0319
0.0295
0.0289
Ton-MPG
34.0
36.4
36.0
35.0
35.3
36.7
38.0
37.6
38.4
37.9
38.1
38.8
38.8
38.9
38.8
39.1
39.5
39.0
38.5
39.5
39.7
39.4
39.9
40.6
40.6
41.8
42.2
42.5
43.9
44.6
44.8
47.2
27.3
29.8
30.8
29.5
29.8
32.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2156
2318
2333
2272
2298
2470
2610
2588
2644
2598
2543
2575
2602
2628
2587
2619
2602
2607
2602
2609
2628
2607
2641
2648
2643
2670
2630
2623
2745
2833
2827
3032
2404
2291
2335
2702
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
4448
4762
4715
4590
4622
4743
4846
4774
4924
4830
4820
5012
5033
5025
4987
5004
5059
4968
4910
5015
4959
4912
4962
5069
5073
5230
5263
5256
5406
5461
5501
5749
3317
3176
3135
3463
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-ll
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Large Sedan
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Model
Year
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
Drivetrain
Front
31.9%
55.9%
60.9%
58.7%
61.9%
69.0%
59.8%
58.5%
64.8%
69.2%
71.3%
67.7%
72.4%
74.2%
72.5%
80.9%
79.3%
86.6%
77.1%
77.1%
68.6%
62.7%
70.1%
72.7%
78.4%
70.5%
80.9%
13.3%
12 2%
23.3%
23.0%
13.3%
24.4%
4WD
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
1.3%
3.8%
3.8%
3.9%
3.0%
2.8%
5.0%
3.9%
12.1%
9.8%
Transmission
Manual
0.7%
0.5%
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.6%
0.8%
0.5%
0.7%
48.6%
42.8%
52.9%
55.1%
57.0%
64.5%
Lockup
41.6%
89.8%
93.1%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
99.2%
99.5%
99.6%
99.7%
99.8%
99.6%
98.5%
98.2%
99.0%
98.3%
99.3%
99.6%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.7%
96.8%
98.7%
99.3%
99.2%
99.5%
85.3%
1.2%
2.3%
7.4%
CVT
3.2%
3.0%
1.1%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.9%
1.0%
3.1%
27.5%
Port
19.1%
65.4%
69.9%
76.9%
74.8%
92.9%
83.3%
89.2%
89.7%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.1%
99.0%
96.9%
72.5%
0.8%
3.2%
6.4%
6.9%
1.0%
1.1%
TBI
2.0%
17.1%
20.1%
37.3%
39.0%
44.9%
15.8%
15.2%
12.6%
22 2%
6.0%
16.7%
10.7%
10.3%
Diesel
10.4%
15.2%
10.0%
2 4%
0.8%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.6%
6.3%
Number of Valves
Two
99.3%
98.9%
98.9%
99.2%
99.5%
99.1%
98.1%
92.0%
82.9%
76.5%
61.6%
64.4%
60.2%
49.7%
60.2%
64.0%
62.8%
72.7%
65.9%
64.4%
48.6%
52.5%
37.0%
30.4%
26.8%
20.7%
Three
1.2%
2.3%
2.1%
1.7%
1.4%
0.9%
0.9%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Four
0.7%
1.1%
1.1%
0.8%
0.5%
0.9%
1.9%
8.0%
17.1%
23.5%
38.4%
35.6%
39.8%
50.3%
38.6%
33.6%
35.0%
25.5%
31.9%
34.4%
50.2%
47.2%
63.0%
69.5%
73.2%
79.3%
Five
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.8%
0.4%
0.3%
WT
0.7%
0.9%
0.5%
0.7%
1.2%
1.8%
2.5%
1.8%
7.2%
9.1%
6.9%
8.9%
10.6%
8.8%
29.2%
45.5%
57.9%
82.4%
77.8%
91.6%
Hybrid
0.2%
0.2%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-12
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Model
Year
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Prod
(000)
418
382
531
461
496
349
361
253
159
160
209
143
302
206
198
90
149
98
78
68
212
236
338
300
365
493
389
420
434
450
487
289
485
548
503
482
257
272
Frac
0.048
0.049
0.066
0.043
0.046
0.031
0.033
0.023
0.016
0.018
0.024
0.017
0.034
0.024
0.020
0.011
0.017
0.011
0.009
0.007
0.022
0.025
0.038
0.035
0.040
0.054
0.042
0.049
0.067
0.063
0.063
0.035
0.050
0.048
0.045
0.045
0.027
0.031
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
30.0
30.6
32 2
31.9
32.5
31.0
30.7
31.3
31.5
29.6
30.6
30.2
32.5
32.9
33.3
31.6
32.2
32.1
31.5
29.2
27.3
6.1
0.2
1.4
2.4
1.4
1.7
2.3
3.6
34.1
34.7
13.2
16.0
16.3
18.6
19.1
21.1
23.1
Adj
City
23.6
23.9
25.3
24.9
25.4
24.2
23.8
24.3
24.2
22.4
22.8
22.3
23.7
23.6
23.9
22.5
22.7
22.3
21.8
20.0
19.0
18.0
20.8
21.6
22 2
21.3
21.5
21.9
22.8
23.2
23.6
10.2
12.6
12.9
14.6
15.2
16.5
18.1
Adj
Hwy
28.5
29.4
30.5
30.7
30.9
29.2
28.9
29.0
29.4
27.7
28.9
28.6
31.0
31.7
31.8
30.0
30.8
30.7
30.1
28.2
25.4
24.4
27.1
27.7
28.4
27.8
28.2
28.7
29.5
29.7
30.1
12.9
15.1
15.3
17.6
17.9
20.1
21.8
Adj
Comp
25.6
26.1
27.4
27.2
27.7
26.3
25.9
26.3
26.4
24.7
25.4
25.0
26.9
27.1
27.3
25.8
26.3
26.1
25.6
23.7
22.0
21.1
23.9
24.7
25.3
24.6
24.9
25.3
26.2
26.5
26.9
11.3
13.6
13.9
15.8
16.3
18.0
19.6
Weight
Lb
2531
2580
2565
2620
2579
2648
2795
2757
2766
3026
3005
3076
2882
2908
2859
2952
2901
2874
2923
3107
3470
3504
3262
3235
3160
3255
3264
3300
3263
3269
3281
4791
4555
4410
3836
3758
3535
3285
Vol
Cu-Ft
110.6
112.2
108.2
116.5
117.7
118.4
120.0
118.7
118.6
122.2
123.3
123.7
123.0
122.9
122.1
118.0
119.5
116.9
117.9
119.7
119.6
118.2
115.2
117.5
115.9
118.4
112.0
115.0
114.8
117.9
116.5
143.6
140.0
139.7
139.7
136.2
Engine
cro
108
109
105
107
107
113
116
113
112
120
120
122
118
121
118
122
125
124
125
127
145
145
127
126
122
127
127
130
125
125
123
361
315
297
258
249
228
193
HP
79
75
74
77
78
82
91
93
96
110
106
123
99
103
100
114
118
119
126
143
148
156
146
166
156
160
160
160
150
150
154
162
142
135
123
118
107
103
0-60
Time
14.4
15.3
15.3
15.2
15.0
14.7
14.2
13.7
13.5
12.9
13.3
12.4
13.5
13.3
13.4
12.5
11.8
11.7
11.3
10.7
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.1
10.4
10.5
10.4
10.5
10.7
10.7
10.5
13.8
14.8
15.1
14.4
14.7
15.0
14.5
HP/
cro
0.755
0.698
0.713
0.719
0.727
0.730
0.788
0.829
0.862
0.920
0.880
1.017
0.842
0.848
0.844
0.928
0.943
0.959
1.004
1.129
1.022
1.085
1.162
1.298
1.268
1.244
1.247
1.228
1.207
1.199
1.263
0.473
0.458
0.459
0.484
0.480
0.482
0.562
HP/
WT
0.0313
0.0289
0.0289
0.0294
0.0300
0.0308
0.0324
0.0336
0.0344
0.0361
0.0350
0.0399
0.0343
0.0352
0.0348
0.0382
0.0404
0.0412
0.0428
0.0459
0.0426
0.0445
0.0448
0.0506
0.0487
0.0486
0.0484
0.0479
0.0459
0.0455
0.0466
0.0338
0.0311
0.0305
0.0320
0.0313
0.0304
0.0316
Ton-MPG
32.6
33.8
35.3
35.9
35.9
35.1
36.5
36.4
36.6
37.5
38.3
38.6
38.9
39.6
39.2
38.2
38.2
37.6
37.4
36.9
38.2
37.1
39.6
40.1
40.3
40.1
40.7
42.0
42.9
43.6
44.4
27.4
31.2
30.7
30.5
30.7
31.9
32.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2858
2951
2986
3206
3296
3162
3153
3149
3155
3048
3176
3135
3343
3383
3374
3081
3174
3080
3047
2861
2640
2505
2813
2943
2984
2940
2840
2961
3040
3174
3177
2015
2240
2295
2542
2714
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
3601
3789
3817
4180
4227
4151
4379
4318
4341
4579
4728
4777
4787
4874
4785
4509
4564
4395
4415
4415
4571
4385
4558
4719
4671
4755
4579
4849
4933
5155
5178
4417
4266
4293
4455
4417
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-13
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Small Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Model
Year
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
Drivetrain
Front
57.9%
68.3%
55.4%
81.4%
60.0%
78.4%
76.6%
80.2%
89.9%
68.3%
79.1%
73.0%
83.2%
88.6%
92.8%
84.5%
82.9%
78.9%
71.8%
71.5%
92.6%
82.0%
86.2%
85.7%
89.0%
90.8%
90.2%
87.2%
86.7%
88.5%
85.5%
35.6%
4WD
8.0%
8.9%
39.3%
15.6%
39.6%
20.7%
23.4%
19.8%
10.1%
31.7%
20.9%
25.5%
16.2%
10.6%
4.6%
11.2%
14.4%
18.3%
22.8%
17.9%
5.1%
14.9%
11.7%
13.4%
10.7%
8.8%
9.4%
12.6%
13.1%
10.3%
12.7%
Transmission
Manual
62.0%
54.0%
51.0%
43.7%
42.7%
43.3%
34.4%
37.8%
26.6%
30.6%
24.4%
30.9%
28.9%
27.6%
23.8%
20.8%
19.6%
18.8%
20.1%
15.2%
14.9%
19.6%
16.6%
15.7%
15.5%
11.9%
11.0%
15.6%
12.9%
10.3%
12.6%
4.0%
7.1%
4.6%
5.3%
5.3%
9.9%
12.8%
Lockup
8.1%
19.4%
23.7%
39.2%
42.2%
29.0%
41.0%
34.6%
51.8%
58.8%
74.1%
68.2%
70.6%
72.1%
76.2%
79.2%
80.4%
81.2%
77.6%
78.0%
84.5%
79.8%
83.4%
84.3%
84.5%
88.1%
89.0%
84.4%
83.1%
68.7%
60.5%
17.2%
9.1%
43.8%
28.5%
CVT
4.0%
16.4%
26.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.9%
2.3%
9 9°/
9.3%
Port
4.0%
4.8%
3.7%
5.1%
6.2%
6.8%
29.2%
30.6%
41.0%
59.4%
80.0%
95.3%
95.8%
97.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.1%
98.0%
98.8%
98.9%
100.0%
100.0%
98.1%
95.3%
92.4%
85.3%
7.6%
3.4%
3.5%
3.0%
2.5%
4.3%
6.9%
TBI
0.7%
17.0%
32 2%
15.4%
24.3%
42.6%
62.8%
48.8%
40.6%
20.0%
4.7%
4.2%
2 2%
Diesel
2.2%
1.2%
0.3%
1.6%
0.5%
0.8%
0.9%
2.0%
1.2%
1.1%
2.4%
5.4%
5.4%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
2.5%
5.9%
5.9%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
78.8%
80.5%
59.8%
35.5%
51.4%
54.7%
73.5%
79.2%
74.3%
48.9%
59.3%
50.9%
36.8%
0.8%
2.6%
4.7%
3.8%
2.5%
20.9%
10.4%
8.3%
0.0%
Three
4.9%
0.6%
3.2%
1.6%
1.1%
0.9%
0.6%
Four
16.3%
18.9%
36.9%
64.5%
48.6%
45.3%
26.5%
20.8%
25.7%
51.1%
40.7%
45.6%
58.7%
95.8%
95.2%
91.5%
93.2%
95.0%
77.9%
89.6%
91.6%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
3.5%
4.4%
3.4%
2.2%
2 2%
1.9%
1.6%
0.6%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
WT
1.4%
0.5%
3.5%
4.5%
4.5%
3.0%
3.5%
16.3%
43.1%
4.1%
2 2%
48.3%
51.5%
60.4%
55.5%
49.3%
50.9%
85.1%
92.4%
92.2%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-14
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Model
Year
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
Prod
(000)
284
276
365
342
409
359
285
239
184
122
137
166
138
176
169
149
153
181
234
236
208
171
158
238
220
150
136
64
8
4
197
207
341
293
275
102
108
146
Frac
0.036
0.034
0.034
0.031
0.037
0.033
0.026
0.024
0.021
0.014
0.016
0.019
0.016
0.018
0.020
0.017
0.018
0.020
0.024
0.025
0.022
0.019
0.018
0.026
0.024
0.016
0.016
0.010
0.001
0.001
0.024
0.021
0.030
0.026
0.025
0.011
0.012
0.019
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
23.7
24.4
25.0
25.2
26.0
25.6
26.2
25.6
25.3
25.9
26.2
26.2
26.0
26.6
26.3
26.3
26.2
26.3
27.3
26.6
27.4
27.2
26.4
26.0
26.4
27.3
26.7
28.1
28.6
24.9
11.9
13.5
15.5
15.9
16.1
19.1
19.9
19.2
Adj
City
18.5
19.1
19.4
19.4
19.8
19.3
19.4
18.8
18.3
18.6
18.6
18.7
18.4
18.8
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.3
18.9
18.5
18.9
18.6
17.9
17.4
17.7
18.4
17.9
19.0
18.9
16.7
9.3
10.6
12.2
12.4
12.8
14.7
15.0
14.4
Adj
Hwy
22.6
23.3
24.2
24.6
25.7
25.6
26.5
25.9
25.9
26.4
26.9
26.6
26.4
26.6
25.8
25.5
25.0
25.4
25.7
24.8
25.4
25.4
24.7
24.4
24.7
25.4
25.0
25.5
27.1
23.6
11.6
12.9
14.6
15.4
15.1
18.9
20.3
19.8
Adj
Comp
20.2
20.8
21.3
21.5
22.1
21.8
22 2
21.7
21.3
21.8
21.9
21.9
21.7
22.1
21.7
21.6
21.5
21.5
22.1
21.5
22.0
21.9
21.2
20.8
21.1
21.8
21.4
22.3
22.8
20.0
10.2
11.5
13.2
13.6
13.7
16.3
17.0
16.4
Weight
Lb
3384
3348
3298
3356
3355
3434
3378
3436
3499
3506
3504
3498
3533
3482
3661
3666
3669
3691
3572
3775
3732
3745
3860
3839
3827
3727
3845
3653
3814
4409
5453
5444
4713
4664
4467
4423
4394
4396
Vol
Cu-Ft
136.1
136.2
135.9
134.8
137.8
140.2
139.4
139.9
141.6
142.3
142.6
137.7
137.4
135.9
136.9
136.5
135.3
136.4
134.0
133.6
133.6
133.5
135.0
133.3
135.6
135.4
134.6
133.7
135.1
136.2
163.1
162.4
162.5
161.5
161.4
161.3
Engine
cro
205
200
172
170
162
173
171
176
181
181
188
188
180
167
161
160
155
157
153
155
153
151
158
183
183
161
165
153
154
204
410
416
365
354
333
324
313
306
HP
108
109
107
112
115
125
126
132
139
140
143
144
151
149
154
158
169
169
162
176
172
174
189
213
221
195
195
186
223
261
181
185
161
162
155
134
131
139
0-60
Time
14.3
14.1
14.1
13.9
13.6
13.0
12.7
12.4
12.0
12.0
11.8
11.7
11.4
11.4
11.6
11.3
10.7
10.8
11.0
10.7
10.7
10.7
10.3
9.3
9.1
9.8
10.0
9.9
8.9
8.7
14.0
13.7
13.6
13.4
13.4
15.2
15.3
14.6
HP/
cro
0.551
0.568
0.633
0.679
0.718
0.735
0.743
0.765
0.782
0.794
0.777
0.790
0.863
0.915
0.965
1.001
1.097
1.087
1.060
1.139
1.136
1.157
1.208
1.195
1.221
1.223
1.185
1.211
1.467
1.282
0.441
0.445
0.442
0.460
0.465
0.418
0.424
0.456
HP/
WT
0.0320
0.0325
0.0324
0.0334
0.0342
0.0363
0.0372
0.0383
0.0397
0.0401
0.0408
0.0411
0.0428
0.0426
0.0422
0.0434
0.0461
0.0457
0.0452
0.0463
0.0460
0.0463
0.0489
0.0547
0.0570
0.0518
0.0504
0.0505
0.0580
0.0591
0.0333
0.0340
0.0342
0.0348
0.0346
0.0304
0.0299
0.0316
Ton-MPG
34.3
35.0
35.3
36.2
37.1
37.4
37.7
37.3
37.4
38.3
38.6
38.5
38.4
38.5
39.8
39.6
39.4
39.7
39.5
40.7
41.0
40.9
41.0
40.0
40.4
40.7
41.1
40.6
43.6
44.1
27.9
31.4
31.4
31.8
30.7
36.9
38.2
36.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2781
2869
2922
2909
3056
3060
3114
3038
3031
3112
3143
3029
2988
3008
2983
2949
2910
2941
2983
2905
2954
2937
2878
2810
2884
2976
2895
2989
3113
2734
2185
2216
2240
2690
2797
2677
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
4669
4759
4793
4876
5116
5246
5250
5218
5299
5452
5503
5297
5275
5236
5459
5405
5329
5421
5295
5435
5478
5462
5531
5338
5481
5511
5531
5433
5881
6007
5113
5161
4996
5953
6154
5877
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-15
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Midsize Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Model
Year
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
Drivetrain
Front
28.2%
32.8%
69.9%
69.5%
82.2%
83.9%
87.7%
77.5%
81.1%
79.6%
80.8%
87.0%
89.0%
64.8%
61.0%
48.5%
32.7%
44.8%
54.4%
42.4%
49.0%
46.9%
40.3%
19.9%
19.7%
45.4%
28.2%
32.9%
78.1%
10.2%
4WD
4.5%
2.1%
0.1%
0.7%
8.2%
0.4%
1.3%
0.6%
0.6%
0.4%
27.8%
39.0%
51.5%
64.2%
52.0%
43.3%
56.5%
50.3%
52.7%
58.2%
49.3%
44.1%
42.4%
60.7%
67.0%
21.9%
89.8%
Transmission
Manual
7.4%
6.2%
5.4%
5.9%
9.1%
4.4%
3.8%
7.1%
1.7%
2 4%
1.7%
1.8%
1.6%
10.1%
12.9%
13.4%
13.7%
12.1%
9.9%
8.5%
8.9%
9 2%
7.3%
6.8%
4.8%
5.5%
5.5%
6.8%
1.3%
Lockup
62.6%
50.2%
62.5%
64.7%
71.0%
83.6%
87.2%
80.7%
87.9%
85.6%
88.9%
91.2%
94.0%
86.7%
87.1%
86.6%
86.3%
87.9%
90.1%
91.5%
91.1%
90.8%
92.7%
93.2%
95.2%
94.5%
94.5%
93.2%
61.3%
100.0%
74.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
5.8%
4.8%
59.4%
8.0%
Port
5.7%
7.9%
10.4%
25.7%
51.3%
71.7%
70.2%
87.7%
98.5%
99.3%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.2%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.4%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
94.2%
95.2%
40.6%
92.0%
TBI
20.3%
30.5%
28.0%
22.8%
29.8%
12.3%
1.5%
0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
Diesel
6.3%
2.3%
2.5%
1.8%
0.2%
0.8%
0.8%
0.1%
0.6%
1 .4%
1 .4%
26.7%
25.2%
11.0%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.0%
96.6%
96.4%
89.7%
88.4%
79.9%
49.2%
36.5%
32.4%
12.9%
16.9%
25.7%
11.4%
7.2%
7.0%
5.0%
14.8%
5.9%
2.6%
3.0%
Three
3.1%
3.2%
2.3%
2 4%
1.9%
0.7%
3.7%
1.0%
0.8%
Four
1.0%
3.4%
3.6%
10.3%
11.6%
20.1%
50.8%
63.5%
67.6%
82.4%
69.8%
61.3%
74.0%
80.0%
74.1%
76.5%
79.8%
93.2%
97.4%
97.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
1.6%
10.1%
10.6%
12 2%
10.9%
18.2%
14.9%
4.4%
WT
6.2%
6.1%
6.8%
4.8%
8.9%
10.6%
19.8%
39.1%
36.7%
30.9%
48.6%
31.3%
34.1%
28.1%
20.0%
13.6%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-16
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non-Truck SUV
Model
Year
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Prod
(000)
130
176
146
120
88
75
63
31
34
27
19
16
10
9
98
118
102
73
23
3
6
8
15
13
13
11
13
Frac
0.016
0.016
0.013
0.011
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.011
0.013
0.011
0.008
0.003
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.6
19.9
20.9
22.0
22.1
22.8
22.5
22.7
22.9
22.7
22.5
22.9
22.8
23.2
22.0
22.2
21.9
21.9
21.8
21.4
12.0
10.9
13.7
13.0
18.0
23.6
23.2
Adj
City
14.7
14.9
15.6
16.2
16.3
16.8
16.5
16.5
16.3
15.9
15.6
15.9
15.8
15.9
14.9
14.9
14.8
14.5
14.6
14.8
9.0
8.1
10.7
9.8
14.8
20.7
20.4
Adj
Hwy
20.2
20.5
21.8
23.3
23.1
23.4
23.0
23.1
24.2
24.3
24.3
24.1
23.9
24.5
20.9
21.1
20.7
21.6
21.0
19.5
12.2
11.4
13.1
13.1
15.8
19.1
18.7
Adj
Comp
16.7
17.0
17.9
18.8
18.9
19.4
19.0
19.1
19.4
19.1
19.0
19.2
19.1
19.4
17.8
17.9
17.7
17.9
17.7
17.2
10.2
9.3
11.7
11.1
15.3
19.9
19.6
Weight
Lb
4380
4371
4354
4381
4348
4349
4334
4337
4403
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4769
4791
4806
4785
5017
5500
4000
4073
4000
4000
3127
2500
2500
Vol
Cu-Ft
161.6
161.7
161.7
161.4
161.8
161.7
161.8
161.6
169.1
170.3
169.3
169.2
169.3
170.2
165.0
165.0
164.4
159.2
160.1
161.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Engine
cro
307
305
305
304
304
304
304
304
304
338
340
350
350
350
215
217
219
237
227
209
257
258
258
258
162
151
151
HP
142
144
154
146
143
143
143
143
177
177
174
250
250
260
249
244
254
247
256
261
110
125
125
125
94
84
87
0-60
Time
14.1
13.9
13.2
13.9
14.0
14.0
13.9
13.9
11.9
12.1
12.2
9.1
9.1
8.9
9.6
9.8
9.5
9.7
9.6
10.0
15.7
14.4
14.2
14.2
15.0
13.7
13.3
HP/
cro
0.465
0.472
0.504
0.479
0.470
0.470
0.471
0.471
0.581
0.526
0.513
0.714
0.714
0.743
1.158
1.125
1.165
1.048
1.135
1.246
0.428
0.484
0.484
0.484
0.608
0.556
0.580
HP/
WT
0.0325
0.0330
0.0354
0.0334
0.0330
0.0330
0.0332
0.0332
0.0404
0.0394
0.0386
0.0556
0.0556
0.0578
0.0524
0.0510
0.0531
0.0519
0.0512
0.0475
0.0275
0.0307
0.0313
0.0313
0.0297
0.0336
0.0350
Ton-MPG
36.8
37.3
39.0
41.3
41.0
42.1
41.3
41.5
42.6
43.1
42.7
43.3
43.0
43.6
42.4
42.9
42.4
42.8
44.4
47.4
20.5
19.1
24.0
22.6
24.0
24.9
24.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2714
2760
2894
3040
3052
3132
3082
3092
3274
3261
3214
3254
3233
3299
2936
2958
2911
2849
2837
2787
1202
1128
1581
1993
1957
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
5940
6028
6299
6656
6634
6808
6672
6702
7208
7338
7232
7322
7275
7422
6996
7078
6969
6811
7108
7664
2403
2256
2395
2492
2447
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-17
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Large Wagon
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Model
Year
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Drivetrain
Front
46.1%
60.1%
57.8%
60.0%
31.7%
4WD
53.9%
39.9%
AJJ OO/
40.0%
57.6%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
30.2%
Lockup
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
23.7%
30.3%
30.2%
33.1%
32.7%
19.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.9%
95.2%
88.5%
TBI
24.1%
25.8%
29.2%
80.5%
100.0%
100.0%
Diesel
4.6%
1.5%
0.4%
2.1%
4.8%
11.5%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
14.5%
0.0%
12.2%
Three
19.0%
1.6%
Four
100.0%
85.5%
81.0%
86.3%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
14.5%
13.3%
41.0%
88.5%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-18
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Small Non-Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non-Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
Model
Year
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Prod
(000)
3
0
23
38
34
27
47
48
48
62
25
41
106
83
66
131
145
116
60
49
45
11
6
2
3
14
15
20
16
11
4
3
7
22
56
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.007
0.003
0.005
0.012
0.010
0.007
0.013
0.015
0.012
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.005
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
22.6
23.5
23.3
23.0
23.0
23.4
22.8
23 3
23.0
25.0
29.2
29.3
27.8
25.5
27.1
23.3
26.7
26.7
29.0
29.2
29.9
21.8
21.8
21.9
21.9
14.8
15.4
15.8
14.8
12.3
16.3
16.8
18.8
24.4
21.8
Adj
City
19.7
18.0
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.7
18.5
18.7
18.4
19.4
22.3
21.8
20.5
18.6
19.8
17.0
19.4
19.1
20.4
20.4
20.7
15.0
14.9
14.9
15.1
11.8
12.3
12.6
11.8
10.2
13.1
13.4
14.8
18.6
16.8
Adj
Hwy
18.3
23.0
23.3
22.1
22.1
22.1
19.1
19.6
19.1
21.5
25.1
25.9
24.7
22.9
23.9
20.5
23.0
23.3
25.2
25.3
25.8
20.1
20.1
20.4
20.0
13.7
14.3
14.7
13.8
10.8
15.1
15.6
17.7
24.5
21.4
Adj
Comp
19.1
20.0
19.8
19.4
19.4
19.6
18.8
19.2
18.8
20.4
23.7
23.8
22.5
20.7
21.8
18.7
21.2
21.2
22.9
22.9
23.4
17.5
17.5
17.6
17.5
12.6
13.1
13.5
12.6
10.5
13.9
14.3
16.0
20.9
18.6
Weight
Lb
2500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3444
3241
3076
3088
3018
2617
2857
2989
3380
3214
3563
3281
3247
3056
3091
3049
4408
4500
4500
4500
4362
4348
4405
4409
4385
4457
4458
4242
3550
3617
Vol
Cu-Ft
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
Engine
cro
150
179
179
179
175
166
136
126
127
117
95
108
134
144
130
154
127
130
125
150
145
232
231
231
232
328
328
324
315
314
307
292
284
178
192
HP
93
139
139
139
135
128
90
96
95
100
82
106
130
148
135
147
138
146
144
162
161
190
190
190
200
148
139
145
149
140
145
137
146
110
112
0-60
Time
12.6
11.9
11.9
11.9
12.2
12.6
15.9
14.5
14.5
13.8
14.4
12.7
11.2
11.3
11.5
11.7
11.5
10.9
10.4
9.6
9.5
11.2
11.4
11.4
10.9
13.7
14.4
14.0
13.7
14.2
14.1
14.8
13.5
14.5
14.6
HP/
cro
0.620
0.777
0.777
0.777
0.772
0.772
0.676
0.772
0.760
0.857
0.858
0.981
0.976
1.023
1.037
0.974
1.090
1.133
1.155
1.085
1.115
0.819
0.823
0.823
0.862
0.451
0.423
0.447
0.472
0.447
0.475
0.471
0.522
0.630
0.601
HP/
WT
0.0372
0.0397
0.0397
0.0397
0.0387
0.0372
0.0279
0.0312
0.0309
0.0331
0.0314
0.0370
0.0434
0.0432
0.0419
0.0411
0.0424
0.0452
0.0473
0.0525
0.0530
0.0432
0.0422
0.0422
0.0444
0.0339
0.0318
0.0328
0.0337
0.0320
0.0326
0.0307
0.0344
0.0311
0.0310
Ton-MPG
23.8
35.0
34.6
34.0
34.0
33.8
30.6
29.8
29.2
30.7
31.0
34.1
33.7
35.0
35.1
33.5
35.0
34.7
35.0
35.5
35.7
38.6
39.4
39.6
39.4
27.5
28.6
29.9
28.2
23.1
31.1
32.0
34.1
37.3
34.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1906
1998
1980
1945
1940
1974
1939
1996
1953
2077
2370
2383
2259
2112
2208
1916
2151
2163
2302
2313
2350
1751
1749
1759
1753
1699
1603
1317
1746
1796
2039
2638
2380
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
2383
3497
3464
3404
3395
3380
3065
2979
2924
3067
3095
3406
3373
3501
3514
3353
3503
3473
3504
3555
3570
3857
3935
3958
3945
3736
3525
2884
3890
4003
4257
4659
4257
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-19
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Small Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Model
Year
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
Drivetrain
Front
43.3%
28.7%
33.3%
41.5%
16.3%
28.0%
61.7%
89.3%
80.7%
89.3%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
60.0%
14.8%
48.3%
62.2%
69.6%
34.2%
44.9%
38.7%
37.2%
64.8%
39.9%
43.7%
34.3%
23.0%
16.3%
13.4%
10.9%
8.5%
5.5%
5.6%
18.5%
13.9%
17.1%
17.1%
19.6%
26.7%
26.9%
7.4%
3.9%
8.4%
29.3%
19.0%
Lockup
40.0%
85.2%
51.7%
37.8%
30.4%
65.8%
55.1%
61.3%
22.1%
35.2%
60.1%
35.6%
65.7%
77.0%
83.7%
86.6%
88.8%
91.3%
94.5%
94.4%
81.5%
86.1%
100.0%
100.0%
5.5%
88.2%
96.1%
68.9%
65.7%
63.4%
CVT
0.3%
0.1%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
95.6%
82.0%
4.4%
17.5%
12 2%
60.6%
20.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
5.6%
91.7%
76.3%
81.0%
39.4%
79.4%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
90.8%
100.0%
14.8%
48.3%
46.5%
16.9%
27.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
9.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
85.2%
51.7%
53.5%
83.1%
72.5%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
28.0%
44.8%
67.5%
80.7%
89.3%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-20
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
Midsize Non-Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Model
Year
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
Prod
(000)
104
68
81
79
85
46
184
205
437
270
288
447
441
462
516
575
821
682
759
855
737
801
873
925
609
689
774
7
8
10
9
0
Frac
0.010
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.008
0.005
0.021
0.024
0.049
0.031
0.030
0.053
0.050
0.054
0.057
0.058
0.086
0.072
0.085
0.099
0.081
0.088
0.093
0.108
0.095
0.096
0.100
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
21.4
21.1
21.7
21.9
21.6
21.0
21.4
20.9
20.2
21.2
20.6
20.7
20.7
21.5
22.0
21.7
22.6
22.7
23.6
23.7
24.5
25.2
26.3
27.0
28.0
28.9
29.4
13.1
14.0
15.8
15.2
19.5
Adj
City
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.2
15.8
15.9
15.5
14.7
15.5
15.0
14.9
15.0
15.5
15.7
15.4
15.9
15.9
16.3
16.2
16.8
17.2
18.0
18.5
19.0
19.6
19.9
10.7
11.1
12.9
12.2
15.9
Adj
Hwy
21.4
20.4
21.8
21.8
20.9
20.2
20.8
20.2
19.7
20.3
19.7
19.7
19.5
20.2
20.3
20.1
21.0
20.8
21.7
21.8
22.3
22.8
23.6
24.3
25.3
26.0
26.6
11.8
13.2
14.3
14.0
17.4
Adj
Comp
18.3
18.0
18.5
18.5
18.2
17.6
18.0
17.5
16.9
17.6
17.1
17.1
17.0
17.6
17.9
17.6
18.3
18.3
18.9
19.0
19.5
20.0
20.8
21.4
22.1
22.8
23 2
11.1
11.9
13.5
12.9
16.5
Weight
Lb
3633
3612
3606
3594
3613
3692
3873
3879
3937
3900
4049
4128
4136
3943
3953
3973
4026
3946
3941
3998
3959
3991
3908
3870
3844
3820
3807
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Vol
Cu-Ft
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.1
125.1
150.0
150.0
150.0
Engine
cro
195
191
196
221
254
244
235
229
249
230
227
235
228
232
221
225
213
200
197
206
191
188
181
175
171
172
169
349
346
342
338
240
HP
116
125
131
143
152
159
159
166
187
178
170
176
178
175
176
181
194
193
192
201
197
196
201
199
204
206
205
160
144
147
159
94
0-60
Time
14.3
13.4
13.0
12.1
11.5
11.3
11.7
11.4
10.4
10.8
11.5
11.4
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.8
10.4
10.2
10.3
10.0
10.1
10.1
9.9
9.8
9.6
9.5
9.5
13.1
14.3
14.0
13.1
19.8
HP/
cro
0.611
0.680
0.686
0.664
0.611
0.668
0.684
0.730
0.759
0.776
0.755
0.765
0.798
0.772
0.828
0.834
0.929
0.982
0.989
0.992
1.041
1.053
1.126
1.146
1.192
1.201
1.212
0.457
0.415
0.430
0.472
0.428
HP/
WT
0.0318
0.0347
0.0363
0.0401
0.0424
0.0434
0.0412
0.0431
0.0477
0.0457
0.0424
0.0429
0.0432
0.0444
0.0446
0.0457
0.0483
0.0491
0.0487
0.0504
0.0496
0.0489
0.0512
0.0512
0.0529
0.0536
0.0536
0.0355
0.0319
0.0327
0.0354
0.0209
Ton-MPG
33.8
32.7
33.5
33.4
33.0
32.6
34.9
34.0
33.4
34.3
34.7
35.3
35.3
34.9
35.5
35.1
37.1
36.4
37.5
38.2
38.8
40.2
40.9
41.6
42.7
43.6
44.3
25.1
26.9
30.4
29.2
38.8
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2361
2286
2344
2341
2301
2226
2255
2196
2120
2202
2140
2146
2140
2217
2249
2213
2307
2316
2399
2402
2472
2543
2635
2706
2796
2879
2929
2023
1946
2585
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
4223
4086
4189
4178
4125
4078
4360
4256
4170
4291
4333
4412
4412
4358
4437
4389
4637
4546
4688
4772
4852
5031
5113
5204
5343
5460
5546
4553
4377
5816
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-21
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Midsize Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Model
Year
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
Drivetrain
Front
3.2%
0.1%
4 2%
9.2%
9.9%
48.7%
41.8%
52.0%
56.8%
68.1%
69.4%
78.3%
84.0%
93.7%
90.3%
93.1%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
13.4%
15.7%
12.5%
10.5%
11.8%
10.9%
19.2%
19.9%
8.2%
17.9%
14.3%
9.3%
8.8%
5.5%
5.6%
2.7%
3.3%
5.3%
5.3%
4.5%
4.4%
3.4%
2.2%
1.3%
1.0%
0.7%
2.2%
13.2%
14.3%
14.2%
19.4%
71 .4%
Lockup
70.7%
78.0%
82.7%
86.1%
84.5%
75.9%
79.7%
80.1%
91.8%
82.1%
85.7%
90.7%
91.2%
94.5%
94.4%
97.3%
96.7%
94.6%
91.4%
90.8%
95.1%
93.0%
91.4%
87.4%
87.7%
86.3%
88.9%
CVT
0.1%
3.3%
4.7%
0.6%
3.5%
6.4%
11.3%
11.3%
11.6%
8.9%
Fuel Metering
GDI
9 9°/
3.3/0
2.1%
2.0%
Port
10.1%
18.1%
17.9%
47.5%
61.8%
82.0%
99.5%
99.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
97.8%
96.7%
97.9%
98.0%
TBI
4.5%
75.6%
78.4%
81.2%
82.1%
52.5%
38.2%
18.0%
0.5%
0.6%
Diesel
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
71 .4%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
88.0%
85.4%
75.4%
66.7%
77.8%
63.4%
64.7%
59.2%
32.8%
36.5%
35.6%
19.5%
18.7%
9.0%
5.7%
2.8%
3.7%
1.9%
Three
Four
12.0%
14.6%
24.6%
33.3%
22 2%
36.6%
35.3%
40.8%
67.2%
63.5%
64.4%
80.5%
81.3%
91.0%
94.3%
97.2%
96.3%
98.1%
Five
WT
4.3%
5.4%
9.7%
20.3%
23 2%
34.5%
33.0%
46.9%
64.7%
68.3%
82.3%
96.2%
97.7%
Hybrid
0.6%
3.5%
3.0%
3.0%
2.7%
0.9%
0.8%
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-22
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Model
Year
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
o
14
53
57
65
174
382
195
207
278
276
376
286
194
397
386
Frac
0.000
0.002
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.018
0.040
0.022
0.024
0.031
0.030
0.040
0.033
0.030
0.056
0.050
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.1
18.5
20.7
18.0
17.7
20.9
20.7
21.2
22.3
23.4
23.6
23.1
23.6
24.8
27.3
27.5
Adj
City
13.9
13.2
14.8
12.7
12.3
14.7
14.3
14.6
15.0
15.8
15.9
15.5
15.8
16.6
18.2
18.2
Adj
Hwy
18.1
17.9
19.4
17.4
17.3
19.6
19.8
20.0
21.4
22.0
22.4
21.8
22.6
23.3
25.7
26.0
Adj
Comp
15.8
15.3
16.9
14.8
14.6
17.0
16.9
17.2
18.1
18.8
19.0
18.6
19.1
19.9
21.8
22.0
Weight
Lb
4500
4500
4500
4461
4471
4272
4450
4403
4369
4220
4182
4289
4353
4289
4277
4293
Vol
Cu-Ft
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
141.1
150.0
Engine
cro
350
302
217
317
324
236
249
252
233
220
221
222
221
208
190
199
HP
250
195
213
218
228
211
231
255
245
228
225
238
249
239
236
257
0-60
Time
9.1
11.2
10.4
10.2
9.8
10.1
9.8
8.9
9.2
9.5
9.5
9.3
9.0
9.2
9.3
8.8
HP/
cro
0.714
0.646
1.013
0.688
0.704
0.913
0.926
1.024
1.054
1.034
1.017
1.073
1.121
1.148
1.243
1.292
HP/
WT
0.0556
0.0433
0.0474
0.0489
0.0509
0.0494
0.0518
0.0580
0.0559
0.0538
0.0536
0.0553
0.0569
0.0557
0.0549
0.0596
Ton-MPG
35.5
34.5
38.2
33.2
32.7
36.5
37.7
37.9
39.6
39.8
39.8
40.0
41.6
42.6
47.1
47.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2368
2297
2547
2235
2198
2572
2548
2592
2729
2843
2868
2808
2874
2988
3099
3336
Cu-Ft-Ton-
MPG
5327
5169
5731
4975
4906
5473
5656
5689
5942
5975
5974
6005
6241
6392
6617
7131
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-23
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix F: Car Fuel Economy Data Stratified by EPA Car Class
Car Type
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Large Non- Truck SUV
Model
Year
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
20.2%
10.0%
12 2%
26.1%
56.2%
63.2%
70.8%
72.5%
88.8%
98.2%
93.2%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
0.7%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Lockup
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.3%
99.8%
87.9%
99.9%
88.4%
88.8%
92.3%
100.0%
80.3%
94.5%
88.8%
CVT
12.1%
11.6%
11.2%
7.7%
19.7%
5.5%
7.3%
Fuel Metering
GDI
39.3%
29.4%
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
60.7%
70.6%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
25.4%
100.0%
100.0%
76.0%
68.6%
24.0%
26.8%
43.1%
13.3%
37.0%
22.7%
12.5%
Three
74.6%
Four
24.0%
31.4%
76.0%
73.2%
56.9%
86.7%
63.0%
77.3%
87.5%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
20.2%
31.4%
71.5%
68.5%
54.0%
47.8%
33.1%
41.0%
43.7%
89.1%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a
F-24
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
37
81
38
55
25
4
4
8
10
8
Frac
0.003
0.005
0.003
0.004
0.002
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
57.4
55.9
56.8
51.6
59.4
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.3
65.8
Adj
City
46.7
45.4
45.4
41.2
46.9
50.7
50.2
49.6
49.1
49.3
Adj
Hwy
51.5
49.4
50.5
45.1
51.4
56.7
56.3
56.0
55.6
55.3
Adj
Comp
48.8
47.1
47.6
43.0
49.0
53.4
53.0
52.6
52.2
52.2
Weight
Lb
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
Vol
Cu-Ft
82.6
84.6
84.4
84.6
90.9
89.1
89.1
89.1
89.1
89.1
Engine
CID
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
HP
48
46
46
47
49
49
55
55
55
55
0-60
Time
15.7
16.3
16.2
16.3
15.4
15.5
14.1
14.1
14.1
14.1
HP/
CID
0.787
0.759
0.756
0.766
0.806
0.803
0.902
0.902
0.902
0.902
HP/
WT
0.0274
0.0264
0.0264
0.0267
0.0281
0.0280
0.0314
0.0314
0.0314
0.0314
Ton-
MPG
42.8
42.0
42.0
38.3
42.9
46.7
46.4
46.1
45.7
45.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
4037
4053
4045
3698
4457
4760
4725
4690
4655
4653
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3533
3547
3539
3236
3900
4165
4134
4104
4074
4071
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-l
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
1750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
90.1%
64.7%
100.0%
59.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
2.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-2
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
105
154
157
270
234
280
209
157
94
92
62
58
106
186
135
71
142
120
111
97
33
37
13
12
8
11
2
1
0
0
0
0
22
14
3
19
Frac
0.010
0.012
0.011
0.019
0.017
0.025
0.020
0.016
0.009
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.012
0.009
0.006
0.011
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.002
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.002
0.000
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
31.4
32.6
36.0
34.9
32.0
33.0
38.4
40.3
43.6
44.3
44.4
36.6
40.0
43.6
43.5
47.5
47.1
47.3
48.6
48.9
53.7
52.3
54.4
53.6
50.3
61.6
75.6
75.3
75.1
73.8
74.3
73.8
49.5
49.5
49.1
49.5
Adj
City
24.5
25.5
28.2
27.8
25.4
26.1
30.8
32.3
34.9
35.4
35.5
28.4
31.7
34.8
34.7
36.8
36.2
36.2
36.7
36.9
39.7
38.6
39.5
38.1
35.4
42.7
50.8
50.2
49.4
48.6
48.3
47.9
33.4
33.4
33.3
33.4
Adj
Hwy
30.1
31.0
34.3
32.5
29.9
30.9
35.0
36.9
40.2
40.8
40.9
34.9
36.2
38.3
37.6
42.2
41.4
41.2
42.3
41.9
46.0
44.4
46.1
46.1
43.5
51.6
61.8
60.7
60.3
57.9
57.7
57.6
40.5
40.5
40.0
40.5
Adj
Comp
26.7
27.8
30.7
29.7
27.2
28.0
32.6
34.2
37.1
37.7
37.7
31.0
33.6
36.4
36.1
39.2
38.6
38.5
39.4
39.3
42.8
41.4
42.8
42.0
39.3
47.1
56.3
55.6
55.0
53.5
53.3
53.0
37.1
37.1
36.8
37.1
Weight
Lb
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Vol
Cu-Ft
73.7
80.3
80.1
85.7
86.7
87.3
86.0
73.5
60.2
72.3
79.9
91.0
92.4
92.7
88.8
88.8
91.1
91.9
99.9
99.9
90.5
89.7
88.0
68.1
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
Engine
CID
83
84
84
90
88
90
86
86
84
86
89
76
70
77
76
72
67
64
67
62
63
72
61
60
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
61
HP
54
56
61
62
62
63
64
62
62
67
70
56
55
59
59
58
58
56
58
56
57
60
55
55
55
61
67
67
67
67
73
73
70
70
70
70
0-60
Time
15.9
15.6
14.4
14.3
14.3
14.3
14.0
14.5
14.4
13.5
13.3
15.4
15.9
15.0
15.2
15.2
15.3
15.6
15.2
15.7
15.4
14.8
15.7
15.7
15.7
13.2
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.2
11.0
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.3
HP/
CID
0.655
0.670
0.739
0.695
0.712
0.696
0.744
0.715
0.728
0.776
0.782
0.750
0.799
0.770
0.782
0.813
0.866
0.886
0.870
0.902
0.900
0.846
0.902
0.917
0.902
1.005
1.098
1.098
1.098
1.098
1.197
1.197
1.148
1.148
1.148
1.148
HP/
WT
0.0272
0.0279
0.0307
0.0312
0.0312
0.0314
0.0321
0.0308
0.0308
0.0335
0.0348
0.0281
0.0276
0.0293
0.0294
0.0290
0.0288
0.0282
0.0291
0.0281
0.0284
0.0298
0.0275
0.0275
0.0275
0.0306
0.0335
0.0335
0.0335
0.0335
0.0365
0.0365
0.0350
0.0350
0.0350
0.0350
Ton-
MPG
26.9
28.0
31.4
30.0
27.5
28.4
33.0
34.6
37.4
38.2
38.7
33.0
35.0
37.0
36.8
39.6
39.1
39.0
39.8
39.8
42.8
41.6
42.8
42.0
39.3
48.8
56.3
55.6
55.0
53.5
53.3
53.0
37.1
37.1
36.8
37.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2307
2423
2208
2434
2857
3022
3216
2802
2343
2253
2737
3343
3360
3670
3478
3465
3629
3661
4278
4157
3871
3765
3461
3153
2817
2778
2749
2673
2663
2649
1857
1857
1841
1857
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2307
2423
2208
2434
2857
3022
3216
2802
2343
2253
2737
3343
3360
3670
3478
3465
3629
3661
4278
4157
3871
3765
3461
3153
2817
2778
2749
2673
2663
2649
1857
1857
1841
1857
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-3
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
100.0%
92.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
82.7%
85.1%
91.9%
98.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
93.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
52.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
6.1%
Transmission
Manual
88.1%
89.7%
87.0%
93.4%
78.8%
68.5%
90.6%
88.3%
93.4%
96.7%
94.7%
100.0%
80.5%
99.0%
65.0%
89.8%
68.4%
53.4%
76.2%
52.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
11.9%
6.6%
10.3%
8.0%
2.5%
3.1%
5.3%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
8.1%
1.3%
11.9%
6.3%
14.0%
37.9%
50.5%
29.1%
13.0%
28.7%
1.5%
52.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
0.0%
19.3%
46.9%
69.2%
86.6%
71.3%
98.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
47.6%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
73.6%
82.5%
91.7%
97.0%
98.7%
99.6%
98.2%
98.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
47.6%
Three
26.4%
17.5%
6.1%
2.6%
1.3%
0.4%
1.8%
1.5%
Four
2.1%
0.4%
52.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
52.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
52.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-4
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
375
570
851
887
699
1162
1191
884
985
899
840
745
461
401
280
97
129
146
136
117
161
135
87
26
23
43
24
3
2
0
5
2
1
0
1
0
23
Frac
0.037
0.046
0.060
0.061
0.050
0.103
0.113
0.091
0.096
0.064
0.058
0.048
0.031
0.026
0.019
0.008
0.010
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.011
0.010
0.006
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
28.3
29.6
32.1
31.9
31.4
32.4
34.4
35.6
36.2
37.1
37.5
38.5
39.0
38.9
38.7
39.6
38.1
39.7
38.7
39.6
40.4
38.9
39.3
39.0
38.6
39.6
39.3
51.5
50.8
64.5
34.1
34.3
29.9
29.9
30.0
29.8
51.1
Adj
City
21.6
23.2
25.0
25 2
24.7
25.6
27 2
28.2
28.6
29.3
29.8
30.6
30.9
30.6
30.2
30.9
29.3
30.1
29 2
29.4
30.0
28.7
28.7
28.4
27.8
28.2
27.9
35.9
35.0
44.5
23.6
23.4
20.3
20.4
20.4
20.3
34.9
Adj
Hwy
28.4
28.2
30.8
29.9
29.6
30.4
32.4
33.3
34.1
34.8
34.9
35.2
35.3
35.1
34.8
35.0
33.9
35.4
34.3
35.3
35.6
34.1
34.4
33.7
33.4
34.3
33.6
42.4
41.8
48.8
29.0
29.6
26.6
26.7
26.7
26.6
40.8
Adj
Comp
24.2
25.2
27.3
27.1
26.7
27.5
29.3
30.3
30.8
31.5
31.9
32.5
32.8
32.6
32.3
32.8
31.4
32.5
31.6
32.1
32.6
31.3
31.4
31.0
30.6
31.2
30.8
39.2
38.5
46.8
26.4
26.6
23.5
23.5
23.6
23.4
38.0
Weight
Lb
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Vol
Cu-Ft
85.5
85.6
88.0
89.6
91.3
92.5
96.4
97.2
96.9
93.1
89.7
91.7
93.4
87.6
90.3
93.2
94.4
95.5
95.8
95.7
92.1
89.8
88.1
92.3
86.6
77.9
82.9
53.2
65.4
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
77.7
Engine
CID
89
91
90
89
88
92
96
94
95
94
94
93
91
90
89
86
88
89
88
86
84
90
81
80
81
83
80
78
81
63
101
100
110
110
110
110
81
HP
66
67
68
67
66
67
68
66
67
68
70
68
69
73
78
77
81
82
81
76
76
78
73
80
81
89
81
88
93
68
157
166
232
229
225
237
95
0-60
Time
15.3
15.3
14.8
15.0
15.2
15.0
14.8
15.0
14.9
14.8
14.4
14.8
14.6
14.0
13.3
13.5
12.9
12.8
12.8
13.6
13.7
13.5
14.2
13.0
13.0
12.2
12.8
10.6
10.5
11.1
8.0
7.5
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.6
11.4
HP/
CID
0.749
0.736
0.762
0.758
0.745
0.722
0.710
0.703
0.709
0.721
0.748
0.737
0.766
0.808
0.876
0.891
0.921
0.924
0.921
0.885
0.903
0.869
0.891
1.002
1.003
1.063
1.015
1.125
1.136
1.073
1.520
1.615
2.110
2.082
2.045
2.157
1.170
HP/
WT
0.0294
0.0296
0.0303
0.0298
0.0291
0.0296
0.0302
0.0294
0.0298
0.0303
0.0312
0.0304
0.0308
0.0325
0.0347
0.0341
0.0360
0.0365
0.0362
0.0340
0.0339
0.0349
0.0322
0.0356
0.0359
0.0395
0.0361
0.0393
0.0414
0.0301
0.0698
0.0739
0.1031
0.1018
0.1000
0.1054
0.0424
Ton-
MPG
27.4
28.6
31.3
31.3
30.5
31.6
33.5
34.5
35.1
36.0
36.3
37.0
37.2
37.0
36.6
37.3
36.0
37.5
36.1
36.6
37.0
35.3
35.6
35.1
34.6
35.3
35.2
45.7
44.4
53.0
31.4
32.3
26.4
26.5
26.5
26.4
42.9
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2385
2394
2394
2515
2713
2833
3003
3113
3130
3068
2972
3015
3043
2858
2838
3110
3026
3107
3152
3001
2916
2801
2706
2907
2673
2969
3114
2468
1924
1434
1175
1177
1179
1173
2968
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2683
2694
2694
2830
3052
3187
3379
3502
3521
3452
3344
3392
3424
3216
3193
3498
3404
3495
3546
3376
3281
3152
3044
3270
3007
3341
3504
2111
2165
1613
1322
1324
1326
1319
3338
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-5
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
46.1%
37.5%
43.0%
41.6%
44.8%
57.9%
69.8%
79.8%
93.2%
91.1%
97.1%
96.3%
96.3%
100.0%
100.0%
95.4%
95.7%
99.8%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
40.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
37.0%
20.0%
99.0%
4WD
1.6%
0.3%
4.6%
4.3%
0.2%
1.4%
Transmission
Manual
88.0%
72.2%
78.9%
77.5%
82.5%
76.5%
78.4%
71.6%
70.6%
71.8%
65.3%
65.5%
70.5%
69.9%
63.5%
70.3%
69.6%
80.0%
76.0%
79.9%
48.7%
29.5%
39.1%
22.8%
23.5%
39.3%
15.3%
54.4%
65.3%
6.4%
93.7%
80.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
1.0%
Lock
2.3%
3.1%
1.0%
0.7%
5.0%
6.8%
10.2%
13.5%
21.6%
20.1%
14.1%
18.0%
15.0%
3.6%
22.3%
12.5%
13.3%
16.6%
27.7%
32.8%
4.4%
CVT
4.5%
2.5%
2.4%
0.2%
0.5%
6.2%
45.6%
34.7%
93.6%
6.3%
20.0%
99.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
22.6%
5.7%
14.4%
16.7%
15.6%
14.9%
6.5%
5.7%
8.0%
6.8%
1.6%
7.7%
9.9%
9.4%
5.1%
39.4%
80.3%
97.8%
98.2%
96.5%
69.9%
63.1%
38.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
12.1%
16.5%
8.6%
6.3%
3.4%
28.1%
28.0%
20.3%
18.8%
2.0%
1.8%
3.5%
30.1%
36.9%
61.8%
Diesel
1.9%
4.1%
5.5%
9.3%
9.2%
4.7%
1.4%
2.6%
0.1%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
94.4%
50.5%
51.6%
36.5%
33.7%
13.1%
22.1%
12.2%
37.7%
62.1%
56.8%
82.7%
65.6%
Three
5.6%
47.9%
20.4%
40.4%
46.9%
68.8%
57.3%
71.8%
54.8%
6.2%
4.8%
Four
1.6%
28.0%
23.1%
19.3%
18.1%
20.6%
16.1%
7.5%
31.6%
38.4%
17.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
34.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
33.9%
16.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
6.2%
45.6%
34.7%
93.6%
6.3%
20.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-6
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
406
349
465
782
1078
1172
1532
1454
1253
1532
1699
1622
1975
1802
1335
943
760
542
536
451
503
332
333
214
253
166
214
149
39
7
10
3
159
121
73
63
111
Frac
0.040
0.028
0.033
0.054
0.078
0.104
0.145
0.149
0.122
0.109
0.118
0.106
0.133
0.118
0.092
0.075
0.060
0.045
0.041
0.032
0.033
0.025
0.023
0.015
0.017
0.010
0.014
0.009
0.002
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.010
0.009
0.008
0.006
0.009
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
24.4
26.2
29.3
27.9
27.9
28.0
29.4
31.1
32.0
32.6
32.8
33.7
33.4
34.1
34.4
35.1
35.7
35.6
36.2
35.5
37.2
37.3
36.9
36.9
35.9
36.7
36.2
37.3
40.8
40.8
41.1
41.6
42.4
42.1
42.0
42.0
41.5
Adj
City
18.8
20.2
23.0
22.1
22 2
22.3
23 2
24.4
25.2
25.6
25.6
26.3
26.0
26.5
26.4
26.9
27.1
26.6
26.8
26.0
26.8
26.6
26.2
25.8
24.9
25.4
25.0
25.3
28.0
27.8
27.8
28.6
28.9
28.8
28.8
28.8
28.5
Adj
Hwy
23.8
25.8
27.9
26.2
25.8
26.0
27.6
29.6
30.3
31.2
31.5
31.8
31.3
31.5
31.8
32.1
32.6
32.8
33.5
32.8
34.6
34.8
34.1
34.4
33.3
33.7
32.6
34.2
35.3
35.1
35.1
34.3
35.3
34.9
34.7
34.7
34.4
Adj
Comp
20.8
22.4
24.9
23.8
23.7
23.8
25.0
26.5
27.3
27.8
28.0
28.6
28.2
28.7
28.7
29.2
29.5
29.4
29.8
29.1
30.3
30.3
29.8
29.8
28.8
29.3
28.7
29.6
31.6
31.5
31.5
31.6
32.2
32.0
31.9
31.9
31.6
Weight
Lb
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Vol
Cu-Ft
90.3
91.6
90.6
92.3
94.8
91.6
94.8
96.3
98.0
100.0
98.9
99.5
98.0
94.0
94.3
94.3
94.1
94.7
94.4
95.4
94.9
99.6
93.1
95.2
99.8
100.1
93.6
92.6
95.7
97.4
99.1
98.7
97.6
98.2
98.5
Engine
CID
95
97
98
101
101
104
108
106
107
107
109
106
104
100
99
97
96
97
99
100
100
103
101
104
105
103
100
106
94
94
93
91
91
91
91
91
91
HP
73
73
75
74
72
71
76
72
75
78
83
80
78
79
85
89
91
93
93
91
98
102
98
97
103
107
102
102
112
113
111
106
106
106
106
106
105
0-60
Time
15.2
15.1
14.9
15.1
15.4
15.6
14.8
15.4
15.0
14.7
14.0
14.3
14.6
14.5
13.6
13.0
12.8
12.6
12.6
12.9
12.1
11.8
12.2
12.1
11.7
11.3
11.7
11.7
10.9
10.8
11.0
11.3
11.3
11.3
11.3
11.3
11.4
HP/
CID
0.774
0.755
0.764
0.734
0.710
0.680
0.711
0.682
0.704
0.726
0.760
0.759
0.749
0.785
0.865
0.920
0.955
0.976
0.952
0.924
0.986
0.999
0.976
0.949
0.983
1.049
1.032
0.968
1.185
1.197
1.193
1.165
1.165
1.165
1.165
1.165
1.149
HP/
WT
0.0292
0.0294
0.0299
0.0297
0.0287
0.0283
0.0305
0.0289
0.0301
0.0312
0.0330
0.0321
0.0311
0.0314
0.0339
0.0356
0.0364
0.0374
0.0372
0.0364
0.0393
0.0407
0.0393
0.0390
0.0411
0.0428
0.0408
0.0406
0.0448
0.0450
0.0443
0.0424
0.0424
0.0424
0.0424
0.0424
0.0419
Ton-
MPG
26.1
28.3
31.5
30.0
29.8
30.0
31.5
33.5
34.5
35.2
35.4
36.0
35.5
36.0
36.1
36.7
37.1
37.1
37.6
36.9
38.2
38.1
37.5
37.4
36.2
36.9
36.1
37.1
39.8
39.6
39.5
39.5
40.3
40.0
39.9
39.9
39.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2278
2197
2163
2218
2398
2465
2636
2719
2789
2882
2810
2869
2830
2768
2815
2805
2830
2800
2890
2928
2866
2980
2722
2836
2890
2976
3018
2975
3052
3079
3193
3157
3114
3132
3115
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2847
2746
2703
2772
2997
3082
3295
3399
3486
3602
3513
3586
3537
3460
3519
3507
3538
3500
3613
3660
3583
3725
3403
3544
3612
3719
3772
3719
3815
3849
3991
3946
3892
3915
3894
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-7
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
36.0%
18.3%
20.7%
34.3%
43.7%
47.9%
53.6%
68.8%
68.2%
75.3%
77.1%
94.3%
97.7%
99.7%
97.8%
94.2%
93.2%
91.7%
92.4%
89.6%
92.3%
93.4%
93.2%
96.9%
100.0%
88.4%
96.8%
96.4%
86.7%
84.7%
90.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
3.5%
3.9%
2.7%
0.6%
13.0%
2.4%
9.2%
0.9%
0.8%
0.3%
2.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Transmission
Manual
75.2%
67.5%
69.3%
53.2%
52.1%
52.5%
52.4%
56.8%
50.0%
47.2%
53.7%
49.5%
47.7%
48.3%
52.0%
56.7%
63.3%
54.2%
62.0%
51.0%
48.8%
50.2%
46.8%
39.3%
41.9%
45.3%
36.1%
38.0%
23.9%
32.3%
15.0%
29.5%
18.2%
16.8%
12.9%
11.6%
14.0%
Lock
0.1%
4.7%
0.9%
8.5%
20.5%
26.3%
19.8%
22.1%
32.6%
41.8%
37.6%
34.2%
36.0%
45.7%
32.8%
41.8%
45.4%
43.6%
53.2%
60.7%
58.1%
54.7%
63.9%
62.0%
76.1%
67.7%
85.0%
70.5%
81.8%
83.2%
87.1%
88.4%
86.0%
CVT
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
20.4%
12.9%
12.5%
8.0%
2.3%
3.8%
4.1%
4.6%
3.1%
11.8%
15.7%
16.9%
13.6%
11.9%
24.7%
44.4%
63.0%
80.0%
74.3%
71.4%
96.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
0.1%
1.6%
4.2%
5.3%
19.5%
51.5%
47.3%
51.1%
37.0%
20.0%
25.7%
28.6%
3.5%
Diesel
1.2%
0.6%
2.8%
2.5%
2.9%
0.4%
2.2%
1.7%
1.0%
Number of Valves
Two
97.3%
79.3%
68.2%
55.3%
41.4%
35.0%
37.7%
46.8%
35.5%
36.1%
34.6%
39.1%
44.6%
40.1%
29.0%
26.6%
56.6%
Three
1.9%
18.1%
18.2%
20.2%
11.5%
22.6%
13.2%
18.7%
19.8%
18.3%
20.4%
21.3%
30.7%
32.5%
19.2%
12.8%
17.0%
Four
0.8%
2.7%
13.6%
24.5%
47.2%
42.4%
49.0%
34.5%
44.7%
45.6%
45.1%
39.5%
24.6%
27.4%
51.8%
60.6%
26.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
5.0%
8.6%
4.5%
2.9%
1.4%
8.7%
1.7%
2.7%
0.2%
29.3%
26.6%
24.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-8
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
281
203
349
498
468
973
715
961
863
2051
1878
1899
1896
1519
1204
1081
1462
1284
1653
1525
1748
1258
1639
1622
1350
1319
1184
913
691
729
941
628
549
437
271
194
339
Frac
0.027
0.016
0.025
0.034
0.034
0.086
0.068
0.099
0.084
0.146
0.130
0.124
0.128
0.099
0.083
0.086
0.116
0.106
0.125
0.108
0.115
0.096
0.113
0.112
0.089
0.080
0.076
0.057
0.044
0.046
0.059
0.042
0.036
0.031
0.029
0.017
0.027
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
21.7
24.5
24.8
24.8
23.9
26.1
27.7
28.8
30.2
30.1
30.6
30.6
30.8
31.5
31.8
31.9
32.5
32.6
33.0
33.6
33.9
33.8
34.0
34.5
34.6
34.3
35.9
36.3
37.1
36.9
37.3
37.8
38.2
37.9
38.3
39.0
40.7
Adj
City
16.6
19.0
19.2
19.3
18.5
19.9
21.6
22.0
23.6
23.3
23.7
23.6
23.6
23.9
24.0
24.1
24.1
24.0
24.0
24.3
24.4
24 2
24.1
24.2
24 2
23.8
24.7
24.8
25.1
24.8
25.0
25.3
25.4
25 2
25.9
26.3
27 2
Adj
Hwy
21.6
23.7
24.1
24.1
23.5
26.0
26.7
28.5
28.9
29.3
29.6
29.7
29.7
30.3
30.4
30.1
31.0
31.1
31.4
32.1
32.1
31.6
31.8
32.4
32.0
31.5
33.0
33.0
33.5
33.2
33.1
33.4
33.9
33.7
33.1
33.8
35.3
Adj
Comp
18.5
20.9
21.1
21.2
20.4
22.2
23.6
24.5
25.7
25.7
26.0
26.0
26.1
26.5
26.7
26.7
27.0
27.0
27.2
27.7
27.8
27.5
27.6
27.9
27.8
27.4
28.6
28.8
29.2
28.9
29.0
29.3
29.7
29.4
29.6
30.1
31.3
Weight
Lb
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Vol
Cu-Ft
80.3
88.6
82.5
96.0
107.2
104.3
106.3
102.7
103.3
102.0
101.7
102.1
101.7
98.7
100.3
98.6
101.9
101.2
102.6
101.5
100.5
100.5
100.5
100.5
99.6
99.6
100.8
101.6
102.1
101.0
102.0
102.5
104.9
105.1
102.2
Engine
CID
127
122
126
129
132
142
137
124
124
127
128
125
124
123
118
111
112
110
112
109
110
108
109
110
110
108
108
107
106
105
106
104
104
104
96
97
97
HP
100
96
96
95
93
93
92
87
88
89
94
95
96
97
96
100
100
106
106
108
111
117
113
117
118
120
121
119
123
120
121
119
120
119
111
113
115
0-60
Time
12.8
13.4
13.3
13.4
13.7
13.6
13.8
14.4
14.2
14.1
13.6
13.4
13.3
13.1
13.3
12.9
12.9
12.3
12.4
12.1
12.0
11.5
11.7
11.3
11.3
11.2
11.0
11.2
10.9
11.1
11.1
11.3
11.2
11.2
11.8
11.6
11.5
HP/
CID
0.799
0.794
0.765
0.740
0.709
0.665
0.678
0.707
0.712
0.705
0.735
0.769
0.790
0.804
0.820
0.919
0.913
0.972
0.955
1.001
1.017
1.085
1.039
1.071
1.078
1.118
1.122
1.121
1.154
1.144
1.144
1.142
1.145
1.147
1.159
1.174
1.183
HP/
WT
0.0365
0.0348
0.0350
0.0344
0.0340
0.0339
0.0333
0.0316
0.0320
0.0324
0.0340
0.0347
0.0350
0.0354
0.0349
0.0364
0.0364
0.0385
0.0384
0.0393
0.0403
0.0426
0.0409
0.0427
0.0428
0.0437
0.0440
0.0434
0.0447
0.0436
0.0439
0.0432
0.0435
0.0434
0.0404
0.0413
0.0419
Ton-
MPG
25.9
29.1
29.4
29.4
28.3
30.9
32.7
33.8
35.6
35.5
36.0
36.0
36.0
36.6
36.8
36.7
37.3
37.4
37.6
38.2
38.4
38.1
38.2
38.6
38.4
37.9
39.6
39.8
40.3
39.9
40.1
40.5
40.9
40.6
40.8
41.5
43.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1728
1892
1721
2176
2533
2566
2756
2653
2707
2667
2658
2717
2719
2637
2724
2681
2789
2815
2865
2809
2787
2820
2807
2768
2874
2884
2964
2955
2976
2982
3044
3042
3122
3188
3223
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2375
2602
2366
2992
3482
3528
3790
3648
3722
3667
3655
3736
3738
3625
3746
3686
3835
3871
3939
3863
3833
3877
3859
3806
3952
3966
4075
4062
4092
4100
4186
4182
4293
4383
4432
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-9
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.4%
0.9%
2.0%
0.9%
5.3%
47.9%
70.0%
77.9%
89.4%
87.7%
93.3%
92.7%
95.7%
97.4%
97.5%
99.0%
99.3%
99.2%
98.3%
98.5%
99.8%
98.9%
100.0%
100.0%
99.8%
96.8%
94.2%
98.5%
98.2%
98.8%
99.6%
96.7%
97.6%
96.3%
98.4%
96.3%
96.7%
4WD
3.1%
4.0%
2.2%
2.8%
2.9%
1.9%
1.8%
1.1%
0.9%
0.2%
0.5%
1.6%
0.1%
0.0%
Transmission
Manual
70.3%
63.5%
67.5%
66.7%
58.5%
53.6%
36.0%
33.7%
31.2%
30.5%
21.8%
34.7%
31.5%
31.0%
29.6%
25.7%
28.1%
30.3%
27.4%
32.2%
27.6%
25.5%
22.2%
22.3%
19.2%
21.1%
20.1%
22.1%
21.3%
23.0%
16.8%
17.1%
14.9%
19.3%
21.1%
16.7%
22.4%
Lock
0.3%
30.2%
33.0%
36.3%
45.1%
47.5%
44.0%
58.1%
59.2%
65.5%
68.0%
64.1%
69.4%
66.3%
72.4%
74.4%
77.4%
77.1%
80.1%
77.1%
78.4%
77.0%
77.4%
75.7%
82.2%
81.5%
85.1%
80.7%
78.9%
83.3%
77.6%
CVT
0.1%
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.4%
1.3%
1.3%
1.0%
1.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
3.9%
3.6%
9.4%
5.5%
5.9%
13.8%
18.3%
6.4%
12.3%
12.2%
14.5%
32 1%
24 7%
18.9%
21.8%
56.5%
63.5%
85.9%
93.9%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
5.8%
40.6%
42.4%
59.5%
52 6%
58 4%
59.8%
63.8%
43.0%
36.1%
14.0%
6.1%
0.3%
Diesel
0.6%
0.4%
0.6%
1.0%
0.4%
03%
02%
0.3%
0.2%
0.3%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
82 5%
73 6%
72.8%
77.4%
53.1%
53.0%
41.4%
47.2%
32.5%
25.4%
11.8%
24.3%
16.8%
16.8%
7.8%
7.0%
6.2%
0.4%
6.8%
8.2%
12.2%
2.0%
Three
14 6%
19 5%
19.3%
9.4%
0.4%
2.7%
5.1%
1.7%
3.1%
0.0%
Four
3 0%
6 9%
7.9%
13.1%
46.5%
44.2%
53.5%
51.2%
67.5%
74.6%
88.2%
75.7%
83.2%
83.2%
89.0%
93.0%
93.8%
100.0%
99.6%
93.2%
91.8%
87.8%
98.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
6.6%
10.9%
12.1%
20.0%
13.3%
17.0%
16.7%
22.1%
20.8%
42.0%
65.9%
63.4%
80.0%
78.4%
75.4%
86.1%
79.7%
60.7%
84.8%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-10
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
828
884
584
903
1286
2026
1626
1555
1515
1995
2042
2832
2744
3147
3403
2857
2714
1919
2024
2039
1938
1822
1862
1188
961
1505
1322
1651
1830
1617
1779
1673
1781
1662
1565
1810
1239
Frac
0.081
0.072
0.041
0.062
0.093
0.179
0.154
0.160
0.147
0.142
0.141
0.184
0.185
0.206
0.235
0.226
0.216
0.158
0.153
0.144
0.128
0.139
0.129
0.082
0.063
0.091
0.085
0.102
0.116
0.103
0.112
0.111
0.117
0.120
0.168
0.163
0.100
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
21.4
23.5
23.2
22.5
22.1
23.6
24.4
25.7
25.8
26.4
27.1
27.5
27.9
28.4
28.4
28.6
28.1
28.4
28.7
29.1
29.7
29.9
29.8
30.1
30.1
30.6
31.5
31.4
32.8
33.4
34.1
34.9
36.4
37.5
38.4
38.2
39.7
Adj
City
16.6
18.1
18.1
17.7
17.2
18.3
19.0
19.7
19.8
20.2
20.7
21.0
21 2
21.4
21 2
21.3
20.8
20.8
20.8
21.0
21 2
21.1
21.0
21.0
21.0
21.3
21.8
21.6
22.4
22.5
22.9
23.3
24.3
25.1
25.7
25.5
26.5
Adj
Hwy
20.9
23.1
22.3
21.3
21.3
23.0
23.4
25.4
25.6
26.2
26.9
27.1
27.4
27.8
27.7
27.7
27.3
27.6
27.8
28.0
28.8
29.1
28.7
28.7
28.4
28.5
28.9
28.8
29.6
30.3
30.5
31.4
32.4
33.2
33.9
33.8
34.9
Adj
Comp
18.3
20.1
19.8
19.2
18.9
20.1
20.8
21.9
22.0
22.5
23.1
23.4
23.6
24.0
23.9
23.9
23.5
23.6
23.8
24.0
24.5
24.6
24.4
24.5
24.4
24.7
25.2
25.1
25.9
26.3
26.7
27.3
28.4
29.2
29.8
29.6
30.7
Weight
Lb
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Vol
Cu-Ft
87.6
97.3
96.3
100.9
103.8
104.2
105.4
104.9
106.8
106.6
106.3
105.3
105.2
103.9
104.0
102.7
102.7
102.9
103.6
103.1
102.4
101.0
99.9
102.0
102.4
104.0
104.2
105.4
105.9
103.4
104.5
104.2
104.2
105.4
105.8
Engine
CID
147
147
146
164
162
164
165
163
161
157
154
151
147
145
146
142
145
146
147
143
139
137
136
132
128
126
125
124
122
124
122
120
120
118
115
116
112
HP
99
95
104
102
100
100
101
103
105
107
110
108
111
114
118
122
124
127
125
124
135
133
134
130
128
127
129
132
133
136
135
139
137
135
135
138
138
0-60
Time
14.4
14.6
13.7
13.9
13.9
13.8
13.9
13.6
13.4
13.3
13.0
13.2
12.9
12.6
12.3
12.0
11.8
11.6
11.8
11.8
10.9
11.0
11.0
11.2
11.4
11.6
11.4
11.2
11.0
10.7
10.5
10.4
10.4
10.4
10.6
10.6
10.5
HP/
CID
0.674
0.657
0.715
0.637
0.634
0.624
0.619
0.640
0.658
0.689
0.727
0.723
0.767
0.797
0.815
0.867
0.868
0.885
0.863
0.881
0.988
0.980
0.992
0.997
1.002
1.008
1.037
1.069
1.101
1.103
1.110
1.156
1.143
1.144
1.171
1.196
1.243
HP/
WT
0.0329
0.0317
0.0347
0.0339
0.0333
0.0334
0.0335
0.0343
0.0349
0.0357
0.0366
0.0359
0.0371
0.0380
0.0393
0.0405
0.0414
0.0423
0.0417
0.0413
0.0451
0.0443
0.0446
0.0435
0.0426
0.0423
0.0431
0.0441
0.0444
0.0454
0.0451
0.0462
0.0457
0.0450
0.0450
0.0461
0.0461
Ton-
MPG
27.8
30.4
30.1
29.1
28.6
30.3
31.4
33.3
33.4
34.1
35.0
35.3
35.8
36.3
36.0
36.0
35.5
35.6
35.9
36.2
36.9
37.0
36.7
37.0
36.7
37.2
38.2
37.9
39.3
40.2
41.2
42.1
43.9
45.2
45.4
44.7
46.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1771
1885
1834
2040
2168
2320
2346
2381
2489
2514
2539
2547
2525
2497
2458
2438
2455
2481
2545
2543
2508
2491
2452
2540
2614
2634
2736
2831
2922
2913
3081
3155
3161
3136
3276
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2656
2828
2751
3060
3252
3480
3520
3571
3734
3771
3809
3821
3788
3746
3687
3657
3683
3721
3818
3814
3761
3737
3678
3810
3922
3951
4104
4247
4384
4369
4622
4733
4742
4704
4914
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-ll
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
3.5%
2.5%
3.6%
4.4%
2.6%
32.0%
45.4%
53.2%
63.0%
73.9%
77.7%
82.1%
84.1%
90.5%
91.2%
95.0%
93.3%
94.1%
94.4%
98.8%
95.1%
96.1%
92.1%
94.2%
93.6%
94.9%
94.1%
98.2%
97.1%
97.6%
98.0%
97.2%
97.3%
98.0%
99.0%
100.0%
99.9%
4WD
0.2%
0.5%
1.0%
1.9%
1.2%
1.4%
0.7%
1.5%
0.7%
0.9%
0.3%
2.5%
1.8%
2.2%
2.6%
2.4%
1.2%
0.7%
0.2%
1.3%
1.1%
0.8%
1.2%
0.8%
0.9%
0.7%
0.0%
0.0%
Transmission
Manual
48.5%
50.4%
51.3%
35.2%
39.7%
30.9%
21.6%
17.0%
17.2%
16.2%
14.5%
15.1%
15.7%
17.2%
16.4%
20.8%
18.4%
20.4%
19.9%
16.8%
22.3%
21.0%
21.1%
24.2%
26.5%
21.0%
22.6%
18.8%
19.1%
15.0%
15.6%
17.0%
14.3%
12.0%
9.8%
6.3%
14.5%
Lock
0.1%
1.0%
0.7%
65.1%
62.7%
58.2%
53.5%
56.4%
63.5%
66.7%
71.5%
68.8%
72.4%
66.3%
68.8%
75.4%
77.7%
79.0%
77.6%
75.5%
72.4%
77.3%
75.0%
79.4%
78.3%
80.1%
76.1%
75.8%
68.2%
67.0%
77.4%
83.2%
65.2%
CVT
1.3%
1.4%
2.7%
5.0%
8.3%
7.2%
17.5%
21.1%
12.8%
10.5%
20.3%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.2%
1.3%
0.9%
1.1%
3.6%
Port
17.1%
9.8%
22.4%
18.0%
14.1%
7.5%
11.9%
18.6%
22.7%
27.5%
37.4%
35.7%
49.5%
69.9%
73.4%
74.9%
75.7%
87.2%
86.8%
89.5%
98.4%
100.0%
99.9%
99.0%
99.0%
98.6%
98.6%
98.9%
99.1%
99.4%
99.7%
99.9%
98.8%
98.7%
99.1%
98.9%
96.4%
TBI
26.9%
26.5%
29.6%
34.6%
49.1%
49.5%
30.1%
24.0%
25.1%
24.3%
12.8%
13.2%
10.5%
1.6%
Diesel
0.1%
0.5%
0.4%
0.7%
0.7%
0.8%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
1.0%
1.0%
1.4%
1.4%
1.1%
0.9%
0.6%
0.3%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
97.7%
89.4%
77.4%
66.4%
53.3%
58.2%
63.5%
61.8%
62.8%
34.7%
37.8%
29.3%
41.4%
49.0%
51.5%
43.3%
34.9%
14.7%
7.2%
7.9%
5.3%
3.7%
1.9%
1.2%
2.8%
7.6%
Three
8.0%
18.7%
10.7%
8.0%
7.1%
1.2%
Four
2.3%
10.6%
14.6%
15.0%
36.0%
33.7%
29.4%
37.0%
37.2%
65.3%
62.2%
70.5%
58.4%
50.6%
45.6%
51.6%
63.8%
83.9%
92.3%
91.8%
94.7%
96.3%
98.1%
98.8%
97.2%
92.4%
Five
0.1%
0.2%
0.4%
2.9%
5.2%
1.3%
1.3%
0.5%
0.3%
0.0%
WT
0.2%
0.2%
0.7%
9.9%
12.2%
7.2%
20.4%
23.9%
16.9%
28.2%
29.8%
41.2%
47.8%
63.4%
71.7%
55.9%
63.8%
79.4%
90.3%
91.5%
Hybrid
1.4%
2.5%
4.4%
8.3%
7.1%
10.7%
12.3%
6.5%
2.8%
7.7%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-12
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1029
934
724
2992
2684
2148
1829
1421
1690
2266
2544
2817
2614
2801
2795
2761
2220
2898
2926
2845
3662
3217
3239
4083
4695
4754
4537
4480
4363
3728
3526
3303
3348
2887
2486
2737
3256
Frac
0.101
0.076
0.051
0.207
0.193
0.190
0.173
0.146
0.164
0.162
0.176
0.183
0.176
0.183
0.193
0.219
0.177
0.238
0.221
0.201
0.242
0.245
0.224
0.282
0.308
0.287
0.291
0.278
0.277
0.237
0.222
0.219
0.219
0.208
0.267
0.246
0.263
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
18.2
19.4
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.7
22 2
22.4
22.9
22.9
23.4
24.4
24.5
25.2
25.0
25.4
25.2
25.4
25.8
25.9
26.3
26.4
26.6
27.0
27.1
27.1
27.1
27.6
27.9
28.1
28.8
29.1
29.9
30.4
31.4
33.9
34.4
Adj
City
14.3
15.5
16.1
15.8
16.0
16.3
17.3
17.3
17.5
17.5
17.7
18.2
18.0
18.4
18.2
18.3
18.2
18.2
18.4
18.3
18.4
18.4
18.4
18.6
18.6
18.5
18.4
18.7
18.7
18.7
19.1
19.3
19.9
20.3
20.9
22.6
22.6
Adj
Hwy
17.1
18.0
18.8
19.2
18.8
19.8
21.4
21.8
22.7
22.8
23.7
25.1
25.6
26.3
26.0
26.3
25.7
26.0
26.2
26.2
26.8
26.5
26.7
26.9
26.7
26.5
26.2
26.4
26.8
26.8
27.0
27.2
27.8
28.0
29.1
30.9
31.9
Adj
Comp
15.5
16.5
17.2
17.2
17.2
17.7
18.9
19.1
19.5
19.6
20.0
20.8
20.9
21.4
21.2
21.4
21.2
21.3
21.6
21.6
21.9
21.9
22.0
22.2
22.2
22.1
22.0
22.3
22.5
22.5
22.9
23.2
23.7
24.1
24.9
26.7
27.1
Weight
Lb
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Vol
Cu-Ft
102.4
111.1
112.3
111.3
113.3
112.0
112.0
109.9
112.3
113.7
114.2
113.6
114.3
113.0
111.3
113.7
114.3
111.8
112.0
111.8
112.6
111.7
111.0
111.5
110.9
112.7
111.8
111.0
112.8
112.6
111.8
113.0
114.7
115.3
114.5
Engine
CID
227
231
232
257
252
244
234
237
237
235
226
224
216
212
208
194
195
192
194
191
188
182
181
178
174
175
173
175
174
175
169
165
159
154
149
148
145
HP
102
100
104
120
120
115
113
118
122
127
132
141
147
150
151
150
155
155
157
156
166
165
170
169
170
174
176
183
184
188
183
186
181
181
177
175
179
0-60
Time
15.6
15.8
15.3
13.8
13.7
14.1
14.3
14.0
13.6
13.2
12.8
12.0
11.6
11.4
11.4
11.4
11.2
11.2
11.1
11.1
10.6
10.6
10.4
10.4
10.4
10.2
10.1
9.8
9.8
9.6
9.8
9.7
9.9
9.9
9.9
9.7
9.7
HP/
CID
0.463
0.447
0.458
0.468
0.477
0.477
0.487
0.505
0.526
0.558
0.604
0.655
0.704
0.731
0.748
0.793
0.814
0.826
0.823
0.836
0.904
0.923
0.956
0.968
0.993
1.014
1.031
1.064
1.075
1.097
1.110
1.141
1.158
1.186
1.191
1.175
1.238
HP/
WT
0.0292
0.0286
0.0297
0.0342
0.0342
0.0329
0.0322
0.0338
0.0347
0.0362
0.0377
0.0403
0.0419
0.0430
0.0430
0.0429
0.0443
0.0442
0.0447
0.0445
0.0474
0.0471
0.0486
0.0484
0.0486
0.0497
0.0503
0.0522
0.0526
0.0536
0.0524
0.0531
0.0518
0.0518
0.0507
0.0499
0.0511
Ton-
MPG
27.6
29 2
30.5
30.2
30.1
31.1
33.3
33.8
34.4
34.5
35.1
36.5
36.6
37.7
37.2
37.6
37.2
37.4
37.9
38.0
38.5
38.4
38.6
39.1
39.0
38.8
38.7
39.2
39.6
39.7
40.4
40.8
41.8
42.4
43.9
48.7
48.8
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1789
1919
1934
1980
2160
2170
2205
2174
2255
2377
2396
2455
2436
2437
2375
2436
2480
2427
2462
2451
2485
2492
2474
2474
2454
2529
2536
2524
2613
2632
2680
2745
2880
3214
3200
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3132
3358
3385
3465
3780
3798
3859
3804
3946
4160
4193
4297
4264
4264
4157
4264
4341
4247
4309
4290
4349
4361
4329
4330
4295
4426
4439
4416
4573
4607
4689
4804
5039
5625
5600
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-13
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.2%
0.5%
0.9%
8.0%
34.1%
48.2%
61.8%
70.0%
77.5%
82.8%
76.7%
76.5%
85.2%
82.6%
78.7%
87.2%
87.7%
86.6%
88.9%
87.3%
87.2%
87.9%
87.7%
84.6%
86.8%
86.6%
88.0%
88.7%
90.5%
93.1%
91.1%
4WD
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.8%
0.2%
0.0%
0.5%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
1.8%
2.6%
1.7%
1.6%
0.9%
1.4%
2.4%
2.9%
2.6%
2.5%
2.5%
1.8%
2.5%
1.6%
2.5%
4.1%
3.8%
3.4%
5.2%
4.9%
3.1%
3.4%
Transmission
Manual
19.3%
17.2%
16.2%
4.7%
4.0%
3.1%
3.4%
6.9%
9.0%
8.0%
8.5%
8.7%
8.9%
8.5%
7.6%
6.9%
7.7%
5.7%
4.8%
7.6%
7.2%
7.5%
6.3%
6.2%
6.1%
6.5%
7.1%
7.9%
8.7%
8.9%
7.4%
8.7%
7.7%
7.0%
5.1%
4.2%
5.8%
Lock
6.4%
16.9%
37.9%
84.4%
88.4%
83.2%
88.6%
88.7%
88.4%
87.8%
89.2%
87.6%
89.0%
88.1%
91.8%
93.5%
90.5%
91.8%
91.7%
93.6%
93.8%
93.5%
92.9%
92.3%
91.8%
90.6%
90.1%
92.2%
91.2%
80.2%
76.3%
80.5%
69.0%
75.5%
CVT
0.1%
0.7%
0.5%
0.1%
12.1%
16.7%
14.2%
23.2%
18.1%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.1%
2.1%
2.7%
2.7%
12.0%
Port
6.5%
5.7%
6.1%
1.4%
1.3%
2.2%
3.0%
5.1%
9.0%
23.0%
36.4%
58.2%
75.6%
86.7%
86.1%
96.4%
93.4%
97.0%
98.7%
100.0%
100.0%
99.8%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.7%
99.7%
99.7%
99.4%
98.7%
99.9%
97.9%
95.8%
95.1%
86.5%
TBI
4.4%
5.3%
11.9%
31.4%
22.0%
16.9%
13.0%
13.8%
3.4%
6.5%
2.8%
1.2%
0.0%
Diesel
1.9%
1.4%
2.7%
0.5%
0.8%
1.7%
2.5%
4.9%
2.6%
1.3%
0.6%
0.1%
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.6%
1.3%
1.5%
2.2%
1.5%
Number of Valves
Two
98.9%
97.0%
94.1%
92.6%
87.6%
84.2%
76.6%
76.2%
74.5%
62.9%
53.3%
51.1%
44.6%
36.5%
34.1%
34.9%
31.1%
31.7%
31.9%
27.2%
19.7%
11.6%
5.2%
1.7%
1.6%
0.6%
Three
1.0%
0.8%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
0.4%
0.3%
0.6%
0.3%
1.1%
1.1%
0.9%
1.0%
1.2%
0.2%
1.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Four
1.1%
3.0%
4.8%
6.7%
12.0%
15.5%
23.3%
23.8%
25.5%
37.1%
46.7%
48.3%
53.8%
60.6%
63.9%
61.3%
64.5%
64.3%
64.4%
70.4%
80.0%
87.5%
94.7%
98.3%
98.4%
99.4%
Five
0.0%
0.2%
1.3%
2.4%
1.7%
2.7%
3.3%
3.2%
2.7%
1.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
WT
0.1%
2.3%
2.6%
8.7%
10.4%
12.1%
12.3%
17.4%
16.2%
22.1%
20.3%
32.8%
39.6%
37.6%
45.2%
56.1%
68.4%
63.5%
78.8%
95.7%
97.3%
Hybrid
0.5%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
9.2%
6.2%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-14
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1099
1988
3342
2251
2649
1316
1313
1216
1446
1708
1671
918
912
829
864
995
1248
1320
1442
1562
1472
1286
1500
1314
1628
1954
1900
1782
1427
1883
2075
2673
2732
2693
1617
1722
2037
Frac
0.107
0.161
0.237
0.156
0.191
0.116
0.124
0.125
0.140
0.122
0.116
0.060
0.061
0.054
0.060
0.079
0.099
0.108
0.109
0.111
0.097
0.098
0.104
0.091
0.107
0.118
0.122
0.111
0.090
0.120
0.131
0.177
0.179
0.194
0.174
0.155
0.165
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.6
17.6
17.9
17.9
17.7
18.8
20.3
20.6
20.3
20.5
21.7
22.1
21.7
22 2
22.9
23.0
23.0
23.1
22.5
23.1
23.1
23.5
23.4
23.0
23.5
23.4
23.8
24.0
24.5
24.9
25.5
25.9
26.6
26.8
27.5
28.0
29.0
Adj
City
12.4
14.0
14.2
14.1
14.0
14.6
15.5
15.6
15.4
15.5
16.4
16.5
16.3
16.4
16.8
16.7
16.6
16.6
16.1
16.4
16.2
16.4
16.2
16.0
16.2
16.1
16.3
16.4
16.6
16.7
16.9
17.2
17.7
17.7
18.2
18.5
19.2
Adj
Hwy
14.5
16.5
16.7
17.1
16.7
18.3
20.3
20.9
20.6
20.9
22.3
22.6
22.0
22.7
23.5
23.6
23.7
23.5
22.7
23.3
23.5
23.8
23.5
22.6
23.1
22.9
23.1
23.1
23.5
23.9
24.5
24.8
25.3
25.7
26.1
26.7
27.6
Adj
Comp
13.3
15.0
15.2
15.3
15.1
16.1
17.3
17.6
17.4
17.5
18.6
18.8
18.5
18.8
19.4
19.4
19.4
19.4
18.9
19.3
19.3
19.5
19.3
19.0
19.3
19.2
19.4
19.5
19.9
20.1
20.6
20.8
21.4
21.5
22.0
22.4
23.2
Weight
Lb
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Vol
Cu-Ft
113.4
114.8
119.6
122.4
123.2
126.4
126.7
126.3
125.3
124.9
122.2
125.8
125.1
123.1
124.9
123.6
122.7
122.0
121.8
124.2
123.4
123.1
123.9
122.4
123.4
119.5
117.9
118.0
119.0
119.3
117.9
116.2
116.5
115.0
116.5
Engine
CID
292
280
292
305
311
302
296
287
287
289
294
299
294
289
274
262
262
254
252
245
248
247
245
244
234
232
224
218
211
210
210
212
206
206
204
205
198
HP
130
122
133
145
147
136
134
135
139
139
148
154
157
160
155
165
184
194
195
200
212
212
218
218
217
223
217
219
224
228
232
238
236
242
244
252
249
0-60
Time
14.5
15.4
14.2
13.2
13.0
13.9
14.0
13.8
13.4
13.4
12.8
12.4
12.3
12.1
12.5
12.0
10.8
10.4
10.4
10.2
9.7
9.7
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.4
9.5
9.5
9.3
9.2
9.0
8.8
8.8
8.7
8.5
8.5
8.4
HP/
CID
0.443
0.434
0.453
0.474
0.472
0.453
0.458
0.479
0.490
0.484
0.508
0.520
0.551
0.569
0.577
0.644
0.716
0.780
0.792
0.832
0.872
0.866
0.897
0.905
0.949
0.974
0.992
1.025
1.074
1.099
1.115
1.137
1.165
1.190
1.213
1.240
1.264
HP/
WT
0.0324
0.0305
0.0333
0.0362
0.0367
0.0339
0.0334
0.0339
0.0348
0.0347
0.0371
0.0384
0.0392
0.0400
0.0386
0.0411
0.0459
0.0485
0.0488
0.0500
0.0531
0.0530
0.0545
0.0544
0.0544
0.0556
0.0542
0.0547
0.0559
0.0570
0.0579
0.0595
0.0591
0.0604
0.0611
0.0629
0.0623
Ton-
MPG
27.0
30.4
30.6
30.8
30.5
32.6
35.2
35.6
35.0
35.2
37.3
37.8
37.1
37.9
39.1
39.0
39.0
39.0
38.1
38.7
38.7
39.2
38.9
38.1
38.8
38.6
39.1
39.3
40.0
40.5
41.4
41.9
43.2
43.5
44.6
45.6
47.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1736
1778
1829
2003
2171
2244
2211
2223
2337
2366
2275
2392
2445
2398
2434
2410
2334
2363
2356
2436
2397
2346
2402
2367
2412
2353
2360
2391
2465
2504
2545
2525
2597
2627
2750
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3473
3556
3657
4006
4342
4487
4422
4446
4674
4733
4550
4783
4891
4796
4868
4820
4669
4725
4711
4872
4794
4691
4804
4735
4825
4705
4720
4782
4930
5008
5090
5051
5195
5254
5499
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-15
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.0%
5.3%
10.9%
11.1%
11.1%
12.5%
12.7%
13.0%
0.2%
1.1%
6.3%
8.8%
32.9%
34.4%
36.5%
28.8%
39.7%
38.9%
43.8%
42.6%
35.3%
41.3%
41.0%
43.8%
47.1%
45.5%
60.3%
61.0%
58.1%
68.4%
63.9%
66.9%
59.5%
64.9%
4WD
2.3%
0.9%
1.3%
1.3%
1.1%
0.0%
0.7%
0.4%
0.3%
0.0%
0.1%
0.8%
1.7%
0.5%
0.2%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
3.1%
2.7%
2.8%
9.1%
11.1%
11.9%
11.7%
10.5%
8.7%
9.8%
10.5%
11.0%
9.6%
9.5%
Transmission
Manual
8.2%
7.3%
3.7%
3.6%
2.4%
0.9%
0.9%
0.1%
0.2%
3.6%
1.6%
2.7%
1.9%
3.8%
3.4%
2.6%
3.1%
3.5%
2.4%
2.3%
2.3%
2.2%
2.7%
3.2%
2.8%
3.2%
3.2%
3.4%
3.3%
2.9%
3.3%
1.9%
4.0%
4.1%
Lock
10.3%
10.4%
40.1%
82.8%
89.6%
94.6%
95.5%
94.8%
92.5%
87.9%
92.7%
92.3%
95.4%
93.8%
95.5%
96.0%
95.3%
94.4%
96.1%
97.7%
97.7%
97.8%
97.3%
96.8%
97.0%
94.6%
94.9%
92.6%
92.8%
89.9%
92.7%
87.9%
85.3%
76.5%
CVT
0.1%
2.3%
1.8%
4.0%
3.8%
7.2%
4.0%
10.1%
9.7%
9.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
5.6%
10.3%
22.3%
21.2%
Port
0.6%
0.4%
0.5%
0.9%
2.8%
2.5%
1.2%
1.8%
2.0%
2.1%
3.8%
48.3%
50.9%
75.0%
84.1%
95.3%
85.1%
93.2%
96.8%
100.0%
99.6%
99.8%
99.8%
99.7%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.5%
99.8%
99.9%
94.2%
89.6%
77.6%
78.4%
TBI
4.9%
10.3%
18.7%
38.0%
40.9%
41.4%
4.4%
3.2%
2.2%
13.9%
4.6%
14.6%
6.8%
3.2%
0.0%
Diesel
0.6%
0.4%
0.7%
2.3%
9.6%
13.2%
9.4%
4.4%
2.8%
2.0%
0.5%
1.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.4%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.0%
0.5%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.5%
Number of Valves
Two
98.9%
95.5%
94.5%
96.0%
89.6%
90.7%
81.9%
76.9%
62.1%
60.7%
56.5%
54.5%
55.2%
47.2%
53.8%
45.3%
32.6%
27.6%
24.1%
24.5%
23.4%
25.8%
24.5%
21.6%
15.8%
11.7%
Three
3.0%
3.5%
2.8%
3.0%
3.4%
8.5%
4.3%
5.9%
3.9%
1.6%
1.6%
1.1%
1.3%
Four
1.1%
4.5%
5.5%
4.0%
10.4%
9.3%
18.1%
23.1%
37.9%
39.3%
43.5%
45.5%
40.6%
47.7%
41.3%
48.7%
60.5%
58.2%
67.8%
68.1%
72.2%
72.6%
73.9%
77.4%
82.9%
88.3%
Five
0.0%
1.2%
1.6%
2.1%
3.1%
3.6%
5.7%
3.8%
1.5%
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
WT
5.4%
5.4%
7.5%
6.0%
5.1%
5.9%
3.6%
5.8%
8.5%
9.7%
11.1%
19.1%
22.2%
29.5%
45.0%
42.6%
52.8%
65.0%
64.9%
80.6%
86.0%
93.7%
Hybrid
0.2%
0.5%
2.9%
2.1%
4.3%
4.2%
6.1%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-16
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1809
2243
3522
2019
1536
367
321
188
189
190
120
110
88
113
95
72
74
113
85
88
173
282
212
104
91
144
362
502
582
625
674
737
724
684
398
592
655
Frac
0.177
0.182
0.249
0.140
0.111
0.032
0.030
0.019
0.018
0.014
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.009
0.006
0.006
0.011
0.021
0.015
0.007
0.006
0.009
0.023
0.031
0.037
0.040
0.042
0.049
0.047
0.049
0.043
0.053
0.053
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
14.3
15.7
16.5
16.3
16.4
18.9
20.4
20.9
19.8
20.0
19.8
20.8
21.4
22.1
21.1
20.0
20.8
22.0
22.1
22.4
21.7
20.6
20.0
20.6
18.9
19.5
21.7
20.7
21.7
21.9
22.3
22.4
22.5
23.0
23.7
24.7
25.4
Adj
City
ll.l
12.3
13.0
12.6
12.8
14.4
15.4
15.7
14.8
15.0
14.9
15.5
15.8
16.3
15.6
14.6
14.9
15.5
15.3
15.6
15.4
14.7
14.4
14.6
13.2
13.5
15.0
14.3
14.7
14.7
15.0
15.0
15.1
15.3
15.7
16.5
16.8
Adj
Hwy
13.7
15.1
15.6
16.0
15.8
19.0
20.9
21.4
20.8
20.7
20.3
21.6
22.3
22.6
21.4
20.4
21.5
23.3
23.7
23.4
21.8
20.3
19.2
19.8
18.4
19.1
20.8
19.7
20.9
21 2
21 2
21.4
21.6
22.1
22.8
23.6
24.5
Adj
Comp
12.2
13.4
14.1
13.9
14.0
16.2
17.4
17.8
17.0
17.1
16.9
17.8
18.3
18.8
17.9
16.9
17.5
18.6
18.6
18.8
18.1
17.1
16.5
16.9
15.6
16.1
17.7
16.8
17.6
17.8
18.0
18.1
18.2
18.6
19.1
19.9
20.5
Weight
Lb
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Vol
Cu-Ft
118.8
123.9
127.6
137.1
137.0
147.6
146.5
151.4
155.3
153.9
156.4
143.4
139.7
129.8
133.4
137.1
141.2
136.8
126.7
127.2
123.9
130.4
131.0
130.9
129.9
141.9
133.5
135.0
133.3
131.9
132.1
130.9
127.4
131.4
129.2
Engine
CID
347
346
346
356
353
349
342
322
311
308
309
310
308
306
307
322
313
334
339
344
286
269
245
250
304
304
247
257
266
256
263
262
260
250
246
234
232
HP
158
157
157
161
157
137
127
128
143
148
150
150
141
145
151
178
201
191
188
255
222
204
193
235
236
256
223
239
246
245
257
267
278
278
283
280
298
0-60
Time
13.6
13.5
13.4
13.1
13.4
15.1
16.1
16.0
14.4
14.0
13.8
14.0
14.5
14.4
14.1
12.6
11.3
11.6
11.7
9.0
10.5
11.1
11.6
9.8
9.7
9.1
10.2
9.6
9.4
9.5
9.1
8.8
8.6
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.1
HP/
CID
0.455
0.453
0.454
0.454
0.445
0.395
0.375
0.404
0.463
0.481
0.487
0.483
0.459
0.473
0.490
0.554
0.646
0.587
0.568
0.747
0.791
0.775
0.802
0.964
0.792
0.854
0.908
0.934
0.929
0.966
0.985
1.025
1.076
1.124
1.163
1.216
1.302
HP/
WT
0.0351
0.0349
0.0348
0.0358
0.0349
0.0305
0.0282
0.0284
0.0318
0.0329
0.0334
0.0333
0.0314
0.0321
0.0335
0.0396
0.0446
0.0424
0.0417
0.0567
0.0494
0.0453
0.0429
0.0521
0.0524
0.0568
0.0496
0.0531
0.0547
0.0545
0.0572
0.0594
0.0618
0.0617
0.0629
0.0623
0.0663
Ton-
MPG
27.7
30.3
31.8
31.6
31.9
37.3
40.4
41.3
38.6
38.8
38.8
40.6
41.5
42.6
40.8
38.6
40.0
42.0
42.0
42.5
40.9
38.9
37.4
38.3
35.4
36.6
40.1
37.9
39.9
40.2
40.6
41.0
41.3
42.0
43.2
45.0
46.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1681
1738
1805
2268
2454
2675
2507
2607
2701
2805
2904
2726
2559
2266
2427
2584
2649
2602
2313
2205
2053
2215
2027
2105
2306
2387
2366
2412
2407
2402
2421
2445
2451
2630
2667
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3782
3912
4062
5102
5521
6018
5641
5865
6077
6311
6534
6133
5758
5097
5461
5814
5959
5854
5204
4961
4620
4985
4562
4737
5189
5372
5324
5428
5417
5404
5446
5502
5515
5918
6000
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-17
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.9%
2.0%
1.3%
2.7%
4.4%
7.5%
8.5%
6.1%
1.4%
0.5%
0.1%
45.6%
0.1%
12.1%
8.6%
18.1%
29.4%
33.7%
46.2%
54.6%
46.5%
4WD
0.3%
0.1%
0.0%
0.5%
2.4%
1.3%
1.7%
3.7%
5.1%
5.0%
3.6%
8.4%
12.8%
15.4%
20.9%
Transmission
Manual
0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.7%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
1.2%
4.0%
4.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.5%
0.7%
0.1%
0.6%
0.8%
0.7%
0.2%
0.5%
2.6%
2.0%
1.8%
Lock
12.7%
9.3%
54.6%
61.9%
99.0%
99.4%
97.7%
86.2%
88.0%
95.5%
97.6%
93.2%
78.7%
80.2%
89.7%
96.0%
93.6%
87.8%
92.9%
95.9%
99.9%
100.0%
99.9%
99.5%
99.3%
99.9%
99.4%
99.0%
96.3%
98.1%
98.2%
96.8%
97.1%
95.8%
CVT
2.8%
1.6%
0.9%
0.1%
0.6%
0.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
2.6%
5.7%
14.3%
27.6%
Port
1.6%
2.3%
1.6%
3.1%
3.4%
0.0%
8.0%
0.1%
2.7%
7.3%
19.2%
25.6%
12.9%
11.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
97.4%
94.3%
85.7%
71.8%
TBI
29.5%
0.0%
6.5%
8.5%
35.2%
74.4%
87.1%
88.5%
Diesel
1.5%
5.5%
28.4%
43.9%
44.1%
12.2%
4.1%
0.9%
0.1%
0.0%
0.6%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.0%
88.7%
95.1%
90.8%
91.1%
77.4%
71.4%
59.4%
34.4%
73.2%
54.9%
73.7%
62.4%
64.1%
50.1%
50.7%
41.0%
31.5%
24.1%
21.1%
16.0%
10.5%
Three
37.8%
10.1%
13.8%
10.8%
6.6%
4.6%
4.3%
2.8%
2.7%
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
0.0%
Four
4.0%
11.3%
4.9%
9.2%
8.9%
22.6%
28.6%
40.6%
27.8%
16.7%
30.9%
13.0%
29.7%
30.0%
43.4%
44.7%
55.1%
68.2%
75.8%
78.4%
84.0%
89.4%
Five
0.5%
2.4%
1.3%
1.3%
2.2%
1.9%
1.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
WT
3.1%
5.4%
3.0%
7.0%
3.8%
5.1%
14.0%
28.8%
16.6%
12.2%
10.2%
28.7%
22.9%
32.3%
36.0%
43.4%
39.8%
48.8%
61.8%
81.3%
93.7%
Hybrid
2.8%
2.1%
1.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-18
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1505
1495
1051
477
182
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
0
10
16
11
16
7
10
6
8
1
1
0
1
54
70
25
30
24
17
22
29
Frac
0.147
0.121
0.074
0.033
0.013
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.004
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
12.9
14.6
14.1
14.6
14.4
12.5
11.7
11.2
11.5
11.2
10.9
10.7
11.4
12.3
12.4
10.9
17.3
18.9
20.4
19.6
19.9
20.2
20.2
19.7
18.3
18.2
19.1
19.6
21.7
21.7
21.5
20.9
20.2
21.2
21.6
22.4
Adj
City
10.0
11.5
10.9
11.1
11.1
9.9
9.3
8.8
9.1
8.8
8.5
8.3
9.0
9.5
9.5
8.2
12.8
13.9
14.6
14.1
13.9
14.0
14.0
13.6
12.4
12.3
13.5
13.0
14.9
14.7
14.6
13.7
13.4
14.1
14.4
14.9
Adj
Hwy
12.5
13.9
13.8
14.5
14.2
11.9
11.1
10.6
10.9
10.6
10.3
10.2
10.6
11.7
11.7
10.7
16.7
18.3
20.2
19.0
20.3
20.5
20.2
19.5
18.8
18.7
17.7
20.1
20.3
20.6
20.3
21.0
20.0
21.0
21.1
21.9
Adj
Comp
11.0
12.5
12.1
12.4
12.3
10.7
10.0
9.5
9.8
9.5
9.2
9.1
9.7
10.4
10.4
9.2
14.5
15.8
17.0
16.3
16.6
16.8
16.7
16.3
15.2
15.1
15.5
16.2
17.5
17.5
17.4
17.1
16.5
17.3
17.5
18.2
Weight
Lb
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Vol
Cu-Ft
129.7
132.3
126.5
121.9
122.2
121.4
126.4
122.1
113.5
114.2
113.0
112.0
112.9
95.9
126.0
125.8
124.5
119.6
125.5
125.1
126.1
124.0
120.1
120.1
121.2
124.6
164.2
164.1
162.4
143.8
134.6
121.9
121.3
123.2
Engine
CID
388
378
387
403
396
382
387
378
373
374
394
378
410
408
410
326
283
247
254
284
286
288
283
290
325
327
303
346
218
218
224
281
308
304
296
272
HP
166
166
175
179
169
156
156
176
157
176
187
205
191
207
206
240
297
263
266
298
303
304
299
307
324
325
302
373
253
254
264
319
370
402
390
387
0-60
Time
14.0
13.9
13.3
13.1
13.7
14.6
14.6
13.7
14.7
13.7
12.9
12.2
12.4
11.6
11.6
10.3
9.1
9.8
9.8
8.8
8.6
8.6
8.7
8.5
8.1
8.0
8.5
7.9
9.9
9.9
9.7
8.6
7.6
6.8
6.9
6.9
HP/
CID
0.429
0.440
0.453
0.445
0.426
0.409
0.402
0.482
0.426
0.485
0.494
0.574
0.466
0.509
0.502
0.736
1.041
1.072
1.051
1.048
1.058
1.057
1.059
1.060
0.996
0.995
0.997
1.057
1.161
1.163
1.172
1.119
1.189
1.333
1.327
1.430
HP/
WT
0.0333
0.0333
0.0351
0.0358
0.0339
0.0312
0.0311
0.0353
0.0314
0.0351
0.0375
0.0409
0.0382
0.0413
0.0411
0.0480
0.0594
0.0526
0.0532
0.0595
0.0605
0.0608
0.0598
0.0613
0.0648
0.0650
0.0604
0.0747
0.0506
0.0508
0.0528
0.0638
0.0740
0.0804
0.0780
0.0775
Ton-
MPG
27.8
31.2
30.3
31.3
31.3
26.8
25.1
23.8
24.6
23.9
23.1
22.8
24 2
26.1
26.1
23.1
36.8
39.7
43.0
40.9
41.7
42.1
41.9
40.8
38.0
37.7
38.8
40.6
43.8
43.9
43.5
42.9
41.6
43.6
44.3
45.9
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1571
1663
1587
1320
1231
1160
1246
1171
1050
1039
1095
1170
1180
885
1851
1996
2142
1962
2093
2108
2114
2030
1827
1814
1880
2017
2880
2883
2828
2478
2253
2123
2148
2260
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3927
4157
3968
3299
3078
2900
3115
2928
2626
2598
2738
2925
2950
2212
4628
4989
5354
4904
5232
5269
5286
5075
4567
4534
4700
5043
7200
7207
7069
6196
5633
5308
5370
5650
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-19
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.3%
3.3%
4.9%
30.8%
1.2%
1.1%
1.9%
4WD
98.1%
67.6%
94.6%
90.7%
68.8%
58.1%
73.4%
67.7%
Transmission
Manual
Lock
14.1%
14.2%
6.5%
15.8%
16.3%
30.6%
1.8%
4.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.7%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
2.0%
33.0%
30.5%
79.4%
Port
0.7%
0.4%
0.9%
6.7%
42.6%
44.2%
19.3%
37.4%
83.7%
69.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
89.1%
100.0%
94.0%
97.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.0%
67.0%
69.5%
20.6%
TBI
57.4%
41.5%
74.2%
46.8%
Diesel
0.9%
9.1%
10.9%
6.0%
2.7%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
10.9%
6.5%
6.0%
2.7%
8.0%
97.7%
21.9%
Three
1.2%
100.0%
0.9%
1.2%
2.7%
7.4%
1.1%
10.2%
1.1%
0.7%
Four
89.1%
93.5%
94.0%
97.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
92.0%
100.0%
1.1%
78.1%
99.1%
98.5%
96.7%
92.6%
98.9%
89.8%
98.9%
99.3%
Five
0.3%
0.6%
WT
89.1%
59.7%
65.1%
97.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
93.0%
100.0%
98.8%
78.1%
1.0%
1.9%
6.0%
1.0%
18.2%
63.8%
100.0%
97.9%
Hybrid
6.6%
10.3%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-20
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
828
934
298
134
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
3
3
3
1
9
0
2
0
0
4
5
21
15
12
4
1
2
Frac
0.081
0.076
0.021
0.009
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
12.2
13.3
12.6
12.8
11.0
10.7
10.5
10.1
10.9
11.0
11.0
11.0
10.9
12 2
12.5
13.1
13.2
14.1
15.6
17.7
18.2
17.8
18.1
17.0
14.9
18.1
16.1
16.1
18.8
16.7
19.9
20.5
21.6
20.6
18.7
19.9
Adj
City
9.4
10.4
9.6
9.7
8.8
8.6
8.3
8.0
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.4
8.5
9.4
9.6
10.0
10.0
10.2
11.5
12.8
13.2
13.1
12.6
11.4
10.4
12.6
11.3
11.3
12.5
11.0
13.6
13.9
14.9
14.1
12.4
13.3
Adj
Hwy
11.8
12.7
12.6
12.9
10.1
9.8
9.9
9.5
10.7
10.7
10.8
10.7
10.3
11.4
11.9
12.5
12.4
14.4
15.1
17.3
17.6
16.7
18.4
18.9
14.9
17.5
15.3
15.3
18.9
17.3
18.7
19.4
19.6
19.2
18.8
19.3
Adj
Comp
10.4
11.3
10.8
10.9
9.4
9.1
8.9
8.6
9.3
9.3
9.4
9.3
9.2
10.3
10.5
11.0
11.0
11.9
13.0
14.7
15.1
14.7
15.1
14.4
12.4
14.9
13.2
13.2
15.4
13.9
16.1
16.6
17.3
16.6
14.4
16.2
Weight
Lb
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Vol
Cu-Ft
131.8
130.7
112.7
100.7
98.8
92.5
92.3
92.6
92.5
92.4
92.0
91.3
103.8
107.2
107.5
107.2
126.5
141.3
143.1
155.8
149.9
142.7
98.1
160.0
123.3
120.5
123.8
107.8
157.1
154.1
146.8
149.9
118.0
117.6
Engine
CID
458
460
447
445
417
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
374
356
355
357
315
287
412
284
328
328
309
347
245
243
246
249
381
378
HP
208
204
194
191
174
170
170
170
170
170
170
170
187
205
259
250
238
258
290
262
252
261
312
303
349
279
322
322
391
491
295
314
320
318
550
504
0-60
Time
12.6
12.7
13.2
13.3
14.4
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
14.7
13.7
12.6
10.7
11.0
11.4
10.7
10.4
10.5
10.7
10.4
9.0
9.2
8.2
9.8
8.8
8.8
7.8
6.5
9.6
9.6
8.7
9.0
5.6
5.8
HP/
CID
0.454
0.443
0.435
0.429
0.417
0.413
0.413
0.413
0.413
0.413
0.413
0.413
0.454
0.498
0.630
0.607
0.577
0.625
0.777
0.735
0.712
0.734
1.011
1.062
0.847
0.984
0.982
0.982
1.268
1.409
1.213
1.275
1.284
1.269
1.444
1.334
HP/
WT
0.0378
0.0370
0.0353
0.0348
0.0317
0.0309
0.0309
0.0309
0.0309
0.0309
0.0309
0.0309
0.0340
0.0373
0.0472
0.0455
0.0432
0.0468
0.0527
0.0476
0.0459
0.0475
0.0567
0.0551
0.0635
0.0507
0.0585
0.0585
0.0711
0.0893
0.0536
0.0571
0.0582
0.0578
0.1000
0.0916
Ton-
MPG
28.6
31.2
29.7
30.1
25.8
25 2
24.6
23.7
25.7
25.7
25.7
25.7
25.5
28.2
29.0
30.3
30.4
32.8
36.1
40.8
41.8
40.6
42.0
39.6
34.1
41.0
36.4
36.3
43.0
38.6
44.6
46.3
48.3
46.2
40.2
45.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1421
1437
1060
922
888
798
862
866
866
861
854
937
1098
1182
1187
1280
1678
2106
2186
2311
2328
2060
1216
2390
1630
1589
1952
1529
2559
2619
2576
2537
1727
1937
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3908
3951
2916
2534
2442
2194
2370
2382
2382
2369
2348
2578
3018
3251
3264
3519
4614
5792
6011
6357
6403
5666
3345
6573
4482
4371
5368
4205
7037
7203
7083
6976
4748
5328
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-21
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
8.2%
7.4%
15.9%
33.7%
73.2%
94.1%
92.1%
11.6%
5.9%
4WD
76.2%
85.4%
98.4%
91.6%
94.3%
87.9%
33.0%
27.9%
Transmission
Manual
Lock
100.0%
56.9%
92.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
91.5%
72.1%
CVT
8.5%
21.7%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.3%
15.3%
55.3%
87.4%
Port
2.9%
3.1%
30.0%
5.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
71.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
89.8%
87.2%
76.0%
44.7%
12.6%
TBI
28.2%
Diesel
10.2%
9.5%
8.7%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
56.9%
92.4%
100.0%
100.0%
26.8%
5.9%
100.0%
7.8%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
91.8%
13.5%
2.1%
11.7%
6.3%
Four
43.1%
7.6%
73.2%
94.1%
92.2%
52.7%
84.0%
7.1%
86.5%
100.0%
97.9%
88.3%
93.7%
Five
47.3%
16.0%
1.1%
WT
43.1%
7.6%
88.4%
94.1%
78.2%
75.6%
88.0%
89.2%
100.0%
93.7%
Hybrid
18.3%
5.4%
8.5%
21.7%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-22
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
3
2
2
1
1
3
5
3
2
2
3
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
10.1
10.1
10.4
11.8
17.6
13.9
13.9
14.9
14.9
14.9
19.3
15.0
17.6
17.6
18.2
18.5
17.3
15.4
16.2
16.4
16.4
17.1
17.4
Adj
City
8.0
8.0
8.3
9.3
13.0
9.9
9.9
10.5
10.5
10.4
13.3
10.4
12 2
12.1
12.3
12.3
11.7
10.0
10.7
10.8
11.0
11.4
11.7
Adj
Hwy
9.5
9.5
9.5
10.8
16.8
14.2
14.2
15.0
15.0
14.9
19.2
14.8
17.1
17.1
18.1
18.5
16.9
16.3
16.9
17.0
16.4
17.2
16.9
Adj
Comp
8.6
8.6
8.8
10.0
14.7
11.7
11.7
12.5
12.4
12.4
15.9
12.4
14.4
14.4
15.0
15.2
14.2
12.8
13.5
13.6
13.5
13.8
14.2
Weight
Lb
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Vol
Cu-Ft
157.5
157.5
157.5
157.5
145.5
90.6
90.6
88.9
88.9
88.9
145.8
112.8
168.6
155.7
157.3
149.9
138.4
114.9
111.2
112.5
124.1
116.7
124.5
Engine
CID
412
412
412
412
350
412
412
412
412
412
279
412
303
297
287
294
313
369
348
342
331
335
308
HP
170
170
173
205
175
241
280
350
350
350
300
350
289
294
286
295
320
545
514
505
438
412
373
0-60
Time
15.7
15.7
15.5
13.5
15.3
11.9
10.7
8.8
80
.0
8.8
10.0
8.8
10.3
10.3
10.5
10.3
9.8
6.2
7.0
7.1
8.1
8.3
9.0
HP/
CID
0.413
0.413
0.420
0.498
0.500
0.585
0.679
0.850
0.850
0.850
1.075
0.850
0.961
0.990
0.992
0.998
1.013
1.478
1.451
1.445
1.287
1.207
1.183
HP/
WT
0.0283
0.0283
0.0288
0.0342
0.0292
0.0402
0.0466
0.0583
0.0583
0.0583
0.0500
0.0583
0.0481
0.0490
0.0476
0.0492
0.0533
0.0908
0.0857
0.0842
0.0729
0.0687
0.0622
Ton-
MPG
25.9
25.8
26.5
29.9
44.0
35.1
35.1
37.4
37.3
37.2
47.8
37.2
43.6
43.6
45.2
46.1
43.3
38.6
40.6
41.0
40.7
41.5
42.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1358
1355
1391
1571
2135
1060
1059
1106
1104
1102
2325
1399
2474
2278
2379
2318
2019
1477
1520
1553
1696
1627
1774
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
4075
4065
4174
4713
6404
3180
3176
3319
3312
3305
6976
4198
7422
6833
7138
6955
6058
4431
4561
4660
5087
4882
5322
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-23
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
100.0%
81.6%
86.8%
93.9%
88.6%
74.5%
24.3%
28.6%
46.4%
44.9%
72.8%
4WD
92.9%
68.9%
69.8%
42.1%
39.3%
19.9%
Transmission
Manual
Lock
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
72.8%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
15.8%
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
84.2%
100.0%
TBI
99.5%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
18.4%
13.2%
6.1%
11.4%
25.5%
1.6%
5.4%
7.3%
Three
Four
100.0%
81.6%
86.8%
93.9%
88.6%
74.5%
100.0%
100.0%
98.4%
94.6%
100.0%
92.7%
Five
WT
92.9%
68.9%
69.8%
42.1%
84.7%
82.7%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-24
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
1
0
0
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
13.6
13.6
14.9
13.8
15.2
15.2
15.2
15.2
18.9
17.9
19.1
16.6
16.6
14.5
Adj
City
9.8
9.7
10.7
9.7
10.6
10.5
10.5
10.4
12.7
12.0
12.7
11.0
11.1
9.5
Adj
Hwy
13.7
13.7
14.5
13.9
15.1
15.1
15.0
14.9
18.9
17.5
19.0
16.7
16.5
15.3
Adj
Comp
11.4
11.4
12.4
11.5
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.5
15.6
14.6
15.6
13.7
13.7
12.1
Weight
Lb
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Vol
Cu-Ft
140.2
140.2
140.1
140.1
88.9
88.9
88.9
88.9
133.2
144.4
129.7
131.8
135.0
102.0
Engine
CID
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
412
281
279
281
323
308
411
HP
241
241
241
300
325
377
325
325
234
275
234
375
345
503
0-60
Time
12.7
12.7
12.7
10.6
10.0
8.9
10.0
10.0
13.0
11.4
13.0
9.5
10.1
7.0
HP/
CID
0.585
0.585
0.585
0.728
0.789
0.914
0.789
0.789
0.833
0.986
0.833
1.136
1.094
1.224
HP/
WT
0.0371
0.0371
0.0371
0.0462
0.0500
0.0580
0.0500
0.0500
0.0360
0.0423
0.0360
0.0578
0.0530
0.0773
Ton-
MPG
37.1
37.1
40.3
37.5
41.0
40.9
40.8
40.8
50.5
47.6
50.8
44.8
44.6
39.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1602
1599
1737
1615
1121
1119
1116
1114
2072
2113
2027
1834
1865
1233
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
5206
5196
5646
5248
3644
3636
3629
3621
6734
6869
6587
5959
6060
4008
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-25
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
100.0%
59.4%
73.5%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
Lock
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
19.7%
15.4%
97.6%
Three
20.9%
11.1%
2.4%
Four
100.0%
0.1%
59.4%
73.5%
Five
WT
2.4%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-26
March 2012
-------
Unilftd $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1
2
Frac
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
39.0
38.6
Adj
City
33.5
33.5
Adj
Hwy
32.3
31.7
Adj
Comp
32.9
32.6
Weight
Lb
2250
2250
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
97
97
HP
52
52
0-60
Time
18.3
18.3
HP/
CID
0.536
0.536
HP/
WT
0.0231
0.0231
Ton-
MPG
37.2
36.9
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-27
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
33.3%
40.0%
Lock
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
100.0%
100.0%
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-28
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
15
8
5
4
Frac
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
29.8
29.8
29.4
29.3
Adj
City
24.0
23.5
23.6
23.3
Adj
Hwy
26.9
28.2
26.7
26.4
Adj
Comp
25.3
25.4
24.9
24.7
Weight
Lb
2750
2750
2750
2750
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
122
122
122
122
HP
88
00
00
00
00
00
00
0-60
Time
14.1
14.0
14.1
14.1
HP/
CID
0.721
0.721
0.721
0.721
HP/
WT
0.0320
0.0320
0.0320
0.0320
Ton-
MPG
34.8
35.0
34.3
34.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-29
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
Transmission
Manual
42.3%
77.4%
52.5%
47.8%
Lock
57.7%
22.6%
47.5%
52.2%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-30
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
31
56
50
59
17
13
5
8
23
11
5
4
0
Frac
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.003
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
21.2
25.7
26.1
26.9
26.6
27.4
26.3
26.4
26.2
28.3
28.5
28.4
27.7
27.7
Adj
City
16.1
20.4
21.1
21.3
21.2
21.5
20.6
20.3
20.3
21.2
21.1
20.8
20.1
19.9
Adj
Hwy
21.6
23.8
23.7
24.9
23.9
24.9
23.8
24.3
23.5
26.4
26.6
26.7
26.1
26.0
Adj
Comp
18.2
21.8
22.2
22.8
22.4
23.0
22.0
22.0
21.7
23.5
23.5
23.4
22.8
22.7
Weight
Lb
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
109
134
128
128
130
124
124
137
122
119
120
127
130
134
HP
67
92
94
92
96
97
97
116
96
114
119
124
127
127
0-60
Time
18.6
14.6
14.5
14.6
14.2
14.0
14.0
12.4
14.1
12.4
12.0
11.6
11.4
11.4
HP/
CID
0.615
0.691
0.733
0.717
0.742
0.782
0.783
0.842
0.789
0.963
0.994
0.981
0.974
0.954
HP/
WT
0.0223
0.0307
0.0313
0.0306
0.0320
0.0323
0.0323
0.0387
0.0321
0.0379
0.0397
0.0414
0.0422
0.0424
Ton-
MPG
27.2
33.0
33.4
34.3
33.7
34.6
33.1
33.1
32.6
35.3
35.4
35.3
34.4
34.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-31
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
69.4%
51.2%
43.5%
38.2%
68.9%
73.5%
71.5%
78.8%
99.5%
100.0%
51.0%
40.5%
100.0%
4WD
5.3%
26.9%
14.4%
19.5%
18.0%
8.5%
21.2%
0.5%
49.0%
59.5%
Transmission
Manual
71.4%
32.4%
22.2%
62.2%
31.7%
41.5%
35.0%
57.2%
32.2%
35.3%
13.3%
21.4%
16.4%
13.2%
Lock
23.6%
50.3%
32.2%
68.3%
58.5%
65.0%
42.8%
67.8%
64.7%
86.7%
78.6%
83.6%
86.8%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
30.6%
43.5%
29.6%
69.3%
100.0%
99.3%
97.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
100.0%
0.7%
2.8%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
4.8%
Three
49.0%
Four
46.2%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-32
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
17
12
10
12
8
17
16
25
10
164
292
320
329
262
264
213
63
84
220
144
237
33
33
16
1
16
22
57
25
Frac
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.003
0.001
0.012
0.020
0.021
0.022
0.017
0.018
0.017
0.005
0.007
0.017
0.010
0.016
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
19.0
19.5
20.2
19.4
18.7
19.0
19.3
20.9
19.5
24.2
23.5
24.3
24.1
24.5
24.3
25.2
25.3
25.7
25.3
24.7
25.1
27.0
24.2
27.0
26.9
30.7
30.3
30.5
29.7
Adj
City
14.5
15.4
16.4
15.6
14.8
14.9
15.5
16.9
15.5
19.3
18.7
19.1
18.7
18.8
18.7
19.0
19.2
19.4
18.6
18.3
18.4
19.4
17.6
19.3
19.3
20.9
20.7
21.4
20.5
Adj
Hwy
18.9
18.3
18.2
17.7
17.6
17.9
17.7
18.9
18.2
22.4
21.9
22.7
22.7
23.2
22.5
23.9
23.5
23.7
24.0
22.9
23.4
25.6
22.2
24.9
24.3
27.3
26.8
25.7
25.7
Adj
Comp
16.2
16.6
17.1
16.5
16.0
16.1
16.4
17.8
16.6
20.6
20.0
20.6
20.4
20.6
20.4
21.1
21.0
21.3
21.0
20.4
20.6
22.1
19.7
21.9
21.7
24.1
23.8
23.6
23.2
Weight
Lb
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
214
211
201
200
120
151
172
179
119
139
154
152
162
166
159
170
161
156
176
173
171
145
145
138
138
140
140
128
122
HP
98
96
92
101
67
77
81
82
69
96
102
102
120
123
120
129
109
110
133
131
137
144
133
150
150
153
153
145
140
0-60
Time
15.9
16.3
16.8
15.8
20.9
19.3
18.6
18.7
20.5
16.1
15.4
15.3
13.8
13.5
13.9
13.0
14.9
14.6
12.6
12.8
12.2
11.6
12.4
11.3
11.3
11.1
11.1
11.6
11.9
HP/
CID
0.466
0.460
0.471
0.509
0.558
0.524
0.490
0.473
0.582
0.694
0.673
0.674
0.735
0.736
0.753
0.758
0.674
0.707
0.755
0.755
0.807
1.013
0.927
1.087
1.087
1.093
1.093
1.128
1.148
HP/
WT
0.0280
0.0273
0.0264
0.0288
0.0191
0.0219
0.0230
0.0233
0.0198
0.0275
0.0293
0.0292
0.0343
0.0353
0.0343
0.0368
0.0312
0.0314
0.0380
0.0374
0.0391
0.0411
0.0379
0.0429
0.0429
0.0437
0.0437
0.0413
0.0400
Ton-
MPG
28.4
29.1
30.1
28.9
28.0
28.3
28.8
31.9
29.4
36.3
35.2
36.2
35.8
36.2
35.7
37.0
36.9
37.3
36.7
35.7
36.2
39.0
34.6
38.4
37.9
42 2
41.6
41.4
40.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-33
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
68.8%
76.3%
71.0%
75.9%
80.7%
84.5%
92.4%
81.4%
85.5%
96.5%
96.5%
95.4%
76.3%
73.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
1.8%
1.7%
1.3%
1.3%
3.6%
7.3%
0.1%
0.7%
0.8%
0.4%
Transmission
Manual
18.7%
24.4%
28.8%
28.4%
81.2%
62.8%
55.9%
62.9%
79.6%
27.1%
15.2%
9.6%
9.6%
7.3%
5.6%
5.0%
4.1%
8.6%
2.9%
2.8%
0.2%
0.1%
4.9%
4.8%
2.4%
Lock
25.0%
34.3%
32.5%
15.7%
14.6%
23.5%
52.8%
63.9%
30.6%
90.9%
95.9%
91.4%
97.1%
97.2%
99.8%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
95.1%
95.2%
97.6%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
21.6%
10.1%
22.0%
50.5%
63.5%
53.6%
72.1%
28.9%
35.5%
80.2%
73.4%
87.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
6.1%
13.3%
23.2%
23.4%
100.0%
70.1%
50.6%
25.1%
96.9%
9.6%
6.6%
2.7%
8.5%
36.5%
46.4%
27.9%
71.1%
64.5%
19.8%
26.6%
12.5%
Diesel
15.0%
3.1%
Number of Valves
Two
99.3%
85.7%
24.5%
26.9%
Three
0.7%
Four
14.3%
75.5%
73.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
100.0%
100.0%
35.3%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-34
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
262
293
262
310
83
90
82
85
102
160
184
316
401
559
674
684
686
758
826
849
990
956
792
1116
822
948
463
451
493
186
380
160
81
Frac
0.026
0.024
0.019
0.021
0.006
0.008
0.008
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.013
0.021
0.027
0.037
0.047
0.054
0.055
0.062
0.063
0.060
0.065
0.073
0.055
0.077
0.054
0.057
0.030
0.028
0.031
0.012
0.024
0.011
0.005
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
14.0
14.1
16.1
15.6
16.5
18.4
18.7
18.8
18.8
18.0
19.8
21.1
21.7
22 2
22.5
22 2
22.5
22.6
22.6
22.7
22.9
23.5
23.4
23.8
23.9
24.2
24.6
24.9
25.4
25.1
25.5
25.7
25.9
Adj
City
11.2
11.2
13.0
12.7
13.5
14.6
14.9
15.0
15.0
14.3
15.6
16.3
16.6
16.8
16.9
16.6
16.8
16.7
16.5
16.5
16.4
16.8
16.6
16.7
16.6
16.7
16.9
17.0
17.2
16.8
17.0
17.2
17.4
Adj
Hwy
12.9
13.1
14.6
14.1
14.8
17.0
17.4
17.4
17.5
16.8
18.6
20.5
21.0
21.7
21.9
21.5
21.5
21.7
22.0
21.9
22.4
22.6
22.5
23.0
23.2
23.3
23.4
23.8
24.2
24.2
24.0
24.2
24.4
Adj
Comp
11.9
12.0
13.7
13.3
14.0
15.6
15.9
16.0
16.0
15.3
16.8
18.0
18.4
18.8
18.9
18.7
18.8
18.9
18.9
18.9
19.0
19.4
19.3
19.5
19.6
19.7
20.0
20.2
20.5
20.3
20.4
20.6
20.8
Weight
Lb
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
311
323
323
321
275
263
262
264
261
276
272
232
222
214
207
199
194
198
196
203
217
201
197
202
198
194
194
196
199
203
198
190
190
HP
136
142
148
142
128
121
120
117
112
116
137
134
149
150
145
143
144
146
149
151
152
166
164
174
168
171
183
186
185
185
182
183
184
0-60
Time
14.0
13.5
12.9
13.2
14.3
15.0
15.2
15.8
16.1
15.5
13.7
13.9
12.8
12.6
12.9
13.2
13.0
12.9
12.6
12.5
12.5
11.7
11.8
11.2
11.5
11.3
10.7
10.6
10.6
10.6
10.8
10.7
10.7
HP/
CID
0.434
0.437
0.457
0.444
0.468
0.466
0.463
0.445
0.433
0.427
0.510
0.590
0.689
0.717
0.722
0.722
0.756
0.745
0.768
0.752
0.713
0.828
0.835
0.863
0.857
0.892
0.953
0.956
0.934
0.917
0.926
0.969
0.976
HP/
WT
0.0340
0.0356
0.0371
0.0356
0.0320
0.0304
0.0300
0.0292
0.0281
0.0290
0.0342
0.0335
0.0371
0.0374
0.0364
0.0357
0.0361
0.0365
0.0373
0.0378
0.0380
0.0415
0.0409
0.0435
0.0420
0.0427
0.0457
0.0464
0.0462
0.0463
0.0456
0.0457
0.0460
Ton-
MPG
24.5
24.7
27.7
27.0
28.4
31.4
32.1
32.4
32.4
31.0
34.1
36.0
36.9
37.6
38.0
37.5
37.8
37.8
37.8
37.8
38.0
38.8
38.6
39.1
39.2
39.5
40.0
40.5
41.1
40.6
40.9
41.2
41.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-35
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.8%
0.2%
0.1%
7.6%
33.5%
30.6%
57.0%
49.2%
60.7%
59.4%
70.6%
79.7%
90.3%
87.9%
96.2%
95.7%
95.9%
95.8%
95.7%
96.9%
92.6%
95.4%
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
1.7%
0.2%
0.4%
10.0%
12.6%
1.8%
1.1%
3.1%
10.1%
Transmission
Manual
34.8%
30.9%
23.4%
22.6%
34.8%
41.3%
33.7%
23.9%
28.5%
21.2%
10.2%
6.5%
4.2%
2.6%
2.4%
1.4%
1.3%
0.6%
1.1%
0.2%
Lock
29.1%
43.7%
50.9%
55.3%
40.0%
29.8%
58.0%
86.3%
90.3%
93.8%
96.5%
97.1%
98.4%
99.4%
98.9%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
89.6%
78.1%
68.9%
CVT
10.4%
21.9%
31.1%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
0.2%
21.1%
48.9%
60.7%
67.7%
69.4%
79.7%
85.2%
90.4%
90.2%
96.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
4.1%
4.0%
3.5%
3.3%
3.4%
3.2%
51.1%
46.1%
39.3%
32.3%
30.6%
20.3%
14.8%
9.6%
9.8%
4.0%
Diesel
2.3%
Number of Valves
Two
95.4%
97.0%
94.7%
93.7%
88.4%
84.1%
74.3%
67.4%
67.0%
80.4%
84.7%
79.3%
60.7%
58.7%
Three
2.7%
1.4%
1.1%
1.1%
Four
1.9%
1.7%
4.2%
5.2%
11.6%
15.9%
25.7%
32.6%
33.0%
19.6%
15.3%
20.7%
39.3%
41.3%
Five
WT
8.5%
13.9%
18.6%
24.5%
15.5%
12.0%
6.3%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-36
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
165
188
222
289
273
91
121
164
215
245
258
284
252
184
223
268
211
242
251
278
291
291
275
188
426
578
462
623
564
644
955
928
734
713
256
361
487
Frac
0.016
0.015
0.016
0.020
0.020
0.008
0.011
0.017
0.021
0.017
0.018
0.019
0.017
0.012
0.015
0.021
0.017
0.020
0.019
0.020
0.019
0.022
0.019
0.013
0.028
0.035
0.030
0.039
0.036
0.041
0.060
0.061
0.048
0.051
0.028
0.033
0.039
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.6
13.3
13.5
13.0
13.6
16.3
17.1
16.8
17.3
17.0
16.1
17.5
17.3
17.9
17.5
18.7
19.1
19.2
19.8
19.3
19.1
20.6
20.7
21.5
22.1
22.3
23.5
23.3
23.6
24.2
24.1
24.5
24.2
24.7
24.7
24.4
26.7
Adj
City
9.5
10.7
11.0
10.7
11.1
13.1
13.7
13.5
13.7
13.4
12.8
13.8
13.5
13.9
13.5
14.1
14.3
14.3
14.6
14.2
14.0
14.8
14.8
15.3
15.5
15.5
16.2
16.0
16.1
16.2
16.1
16.3
16.1
16.4
16.5
16.3
17.8
Adj
Hwy
10.3
12.3
12.0
11.4
12.0
15.1
15.7
15.3
16.1
16.0
14.9
16.2
16.2
16.8
16.5
17.9
18.4
18.3
19.0
18.3
18.1
20.0
19.9
20.6
21.2
21.4
22.5
22 2
22.4
23.1
22.9
23.5
23.3
23.6
23.5
23.3
25.2
Adj
Comp
9.8
11.3
11.4
11.0
11.5
13.9
14.6
14.2
14.7
14.4
13.7
14.8
14.7
15.1
14.8
15.7
16.0
16.1
16.5
16.1
15.8
17.1
17.1
17.7
18.1
18.2
19.1
18.9
19.1
19.5
19.4
19.8
19.6
19.9
19.9
19.7
21.4
Weight
Lb
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
333
330
342
341
329
313
305
307
308
309
309
304
313
321
323
306
294
288
282
283
292
248
252
242
234
232
217
220
222
216
218
216
219
218
216
221
215
HP
155
153
157
157
145
141
138
145
149
153
156
148
163
169
175
174
170
179
180
187
190
177
182
186
193
192
196
206
211
221
219
215
230
221
219
210
269
0-60
Time
13.6
13.8
13.5
13.4
14.3
14.6
14.8
14.3
14.0
13.8
13.5
14.1
13.0
12.6
12.4
12.4
12.7
12.2
12.1
11.7
11.5
12.2
11.9
11.6
11.3
11.4
11.2
10.8
10.6
10.1
10.2
10.4
9.9
10.4
10.4
10.7
8.6
HP/
CID
0.464
0.463
0.458
0.460
0.443
0.449
0.453
0.474
0.485
0.493
0.503
0.485
0.521
0.528
0.541
0.569
0.580
0.626
0.646
0.664
0.662
0.716
0.727
0.770
0.826
0.832
0.908
0.941
0.955
1.033
1.012
1.000
1.051
1.014
1.019
0.955
1.249
HP/
WT
0.0345
0.0340
0.0348
0.0348
0.0322
0.0313
0.0306
0.0323
0.0332
0.0339
0.0346
0.0328
0.0363
0.0376
0.0389
0.0387
0.0377
0.0398
0.0400
0.0414
0.0421
0.0393
0.0405
0.0413
0.0428
0.0426
0.0436
0.0458
0.0468
0.0492
0.0487
0.0477
0.0510
0.0490
0.0486
0.0467
0.0598
Ton-
MPG
22 2
25.7
25.9
24.9
26.3
31.5
33.0
32.3
33.3
32.8
30.9
33.4
33.1
34.0
33.3
35.6
36.4
36.5
37.3
36.5
35.9
38.8
38.8
39.9
40.8
41.2
43.2
42.8
43.1
44.1
43.7
44.5
44.1
44.8
44.7
44.3
48.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-37
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.2%
1.3%
0.0%
52.1%
35.5%
40.3%
76.0%
78.4%
88.5%
90.9%
88.6%
93.2%
92.3%
95.6%
97.2%
96.1%
97.4%
98.4%
98.1%
4WD
0.1%
4.2%
10.8%
13.6%
14.9%
14.8%
7.5%
6.1%
13.3%
14.7%
4.8%
3.7%
1.9%
2.8%
6.0%
5.0%
6.6%
4.4%
2.8%
3.9%
2.6%
1.6%
1.9%
Transmission
Manual
6.2%
5.0%
3.8%
2.6%
11.3%
14.5%
13.3%
6.8%
3.4%
2.9%
1.0%
0.6%
1.0%
0.9%
0.7%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
Lock
0.9%
47.9%
48.8%
46.6%
68.7%
76.7%
73.3%
78.0%
56.3%
60.4%
71.9%
89.1%
94.3%
97.4%
98.7%
96.6%
97.8%
97.8%
98.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.2%
97.9%
98.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
94.0%
CVT
3.8%
2.1%
1.7%
6.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
21.6%
32.2%
16.5%
20.8%
9.2%
12.7%
31.2%
32.3%
49.7%
56.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
45.0%
82.8%
79.1%
90.8%
87.2%
68.8%
67.7%
50.3%
44.0%
Diesel
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
98.4%
97.5%
98.3%
97.8%
95.4%
88.2%
78.9%
72.8%
75.3%
69.9%
35.2%
57.4%
48.0%
43.4%
48.3%
53.1%
70.4%
Three
1.3%
1.0%
1.3%
1.7%
Four
0.3%
1.5%
0.4%
0.5%
4.6%
11.8%
21.1%
27.2%
24.7%
30.1%
64.8%
42.6%
52.0%
56.6%
51.7%
46.9%
29.6%
100.0%
Five
WT
11.8%
21.1%
26.7%
23.9%
29.3%
64.8%
38.8%
44.7%
56.2%
51.0%
39.6%
29.6%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-38
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
12
8
18
12
96
35
26
36
49
54
52
62
64
100
99
84
56
92
101
108
106
100
136
135
176
145
174
155
137
101
130
63
23
51
84
134
26
Frac
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.003
0.002
0.004
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.007
0.007
0.007
0.004
0.008
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.009
0.012
0.009
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.006
0.008
0.004
0.002
0.004
0.009
0.012
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
12.0
12.4
12.4
12.5
11.8
14.2
14.8
15.1
17.1
15.6
15.4
16.0
15.9
16.7
16.5
16.5
16.6
17.5
17.7
17.6
17.8
17.8
19.0
18.6
18.2
18.4
19.1
18.7
19.3
20.4
20.7
19.9
20.4
23.9
25.3
25.3
21.9
Adj
City
9.7
10.1
10.0
10.3
9.6
11.4
11.9
12.1
13.5
12.3
12 2
12.5
12.3
12.8
12.5
12.5
12.5
13.1
13.1
12.9
13.0
12.9
13.7
13.3
13.0
13.1
13.4
13.2
13.5
13.9
14.0
13.7
14.1
16.1
16.7
16.7
14.9
Adj
Hwy
10.7
10.9
11.2
11.0
10.6
13.1
13.6
13.8
16.0
14.7
14.4
15.0
15.0
16.1
15.8
15.7
15.8
16.7
16.9
17.0
16.9
17.0
18.1
17.8
17.3
17.1
17.9
17.3
17.7
19.4
19.6
18.1
18.7
22.5
24.5
24.7
20.3
Adj
Comp
10.2
10.5
10.5
10.6
10.0
12.1
12.6
12.8
14.5
13.3
13.1
13.5
13.4
14.2
13.9
13.9
13.9
14.7
14.8
14.7
14.7
14.8
15.7
15.4
15.0
15.0
15.5
15.2
15.6
16.5
16.7
15.9
16.4
19.2
20.4
20.5
17.6
Weight
Lb
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
398
370
404
389
347
334
325
320
336
329
323
326
323
312
315
317
315
305
306
308
302
317
296
295
296
292
284
262
252
241
235
267
269
249
226
228
236
HP
200
169
187
183
155
148
145
144
143
155
158
162
167
156
159
165
165
169
184
190
184
203
219
217
219
219
226
210
205
205
202
216
205
232
239
243
249
0-60
Time
12.3
13.9
12.6
12.9
14.9
15.3
15.5
15.6
15.7
14.9
14.6
14.4
14.0
14.7
14.5
14.1
14.1
13.8
12.8
12.5
12.9
12.0
11.1
11.2
11.2
11.2
10.8
11.5
11.8
11.7
11.9
11.3
11.8
10.7
10.3
10.2
10.1
HP/
CID
0.497
0.455
0.464
0.470
0.446
0.441
0.448
0.450
0.431
0.472
0.486
0.495
0.516
0.500
0.503
0.519
0.522
0.557
0.607
0.623
0.613
0.644
0.743
0.738
0.741
0.751
0.800
0.813
0.820
0.857
0.869
0.810
0.761
0.939
1.066
1.075
1.082
HP/
WT
0.0401
0.0338
0.0375
0.0365
0.0309
0.0295
0.0290
0.0288
0.0286
0.0310
0.0315
0.0324
0.0334
0.0313
0.0318
0.0331
0.0330
0.0339
0.0369
0.0381
0.0367
0.0407
0.0438
0.0433
0.0437
0.0437
0.0452
0.0420
0.0409
0.0410
0.0404
0.0432
0.0411
0.0464
0.0479
0.0487
0.0497
Ton-
MPG
25.5
26.3
26.3
26.5
25.4
30.3
31.8
32.3
38.0
34.1
33.3
34.2
33.9
35.6
35.0
34.8
34.9
36.9
37.1
36.8
36.9
37.0
39.3
38.5
37.4
37.6
39.0
38.1
39.1
41.5
41.9
39.9
41.0
48.6
51.3
51.3
44.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-39
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
1.7%
0.1%
32.1%
37.7%
52.5%
58.9%
63.9%
88.5%
93.7%
4WD
0.3%
15.4%
18.3%
18.3%
22.7%
15.2%
16.9%
15.3%
11.3%
16.7%
12.7%
13.3%
15.3%
10.0%
10.5%
13.0%
59.7%
Transmission
Manual
13.1%
1.9%
2.7%
1.0%
4.3%
5.0%
4.8%
4.7%
2.6%
3.5%
1.5%
0.7%
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.7%
Lock
6.5%
19.9%
31.7%
29.4%
69.4%
51.9%
65.2%
58.7%
48.1%
74.2%
76.6%
86.9%
86.4%
81.4%
86.4%
88.0%
87.0%
93.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
23.5%
40.0%
84.0%
83.0%
81.8%
82.8%
90.0%
94.3%
98.0%
90.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
13.6%
14.3%
16.5%
17.5%
16.3%
9.5%
5.7%
2.0%
9.8%
Diesel
26.9%
8.4%
2.8%
1.4%
0.6%
0.7%
0.5%
0.7%
0.8%
0.5%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
67.9%
62.3%
47.5%
41.1%
100.0%
100.0%
36.1%
11.5%
6.3%
40.3%
Three
Four
0.1%
32.1%
37.7%
52.5%
58.9%
63.9%
88.5%
93.7%
59.7%
Five
WT
58.9%
57.5%
59.7%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-40
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
17
8
1
0
5
6
5
6
5
10
5
9
10
18
31
27
27
25
27
31
36
17
67
11
21
6
5
7
2
5
3
3
3
Frac
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.1
11.4
12.4
12.3
13.4
18.2
14.5
12.9
15.0
14.6
14.2
14.4
14.4
15.2
15.9
16.1
16.2
16.2
15.8
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.2
17.4
17.5
18.2
19.1
19.3
19.2
19.2
19.3
17.8
18.6
18.0
Adj
City
9.0
9.5
10.0
9.9
10.9
14.2
11.4
10.3
12.0
11.3
11.0
11.2
10.7
11.3
11.8
12.1
12.1
12.0
11.6
12.4
12.4
12.3
12.2
12.1
12.3
12.9
13.3
13.3
13.2
13.2
13.6
12.5
12.9
12.5
Adj
Hwy
10.0
9.9
11.2
11.2
12.1
17.5
13.9
12.0
13.7
13.8
13.3
13.4
14.3
14.9
15.3
15.2
15.1
15.1
14.8
16.7
16.9
16.9
16.3
16.9
16.4
16.6
17.5
17.8
17.6
18.0
17.3
15.9
16.9
16.7
Adj
Comp
9.4
9.7
10.5
10.5
11.4
15.5
12.4
11.0
12.7
12.4
12.0
12.1
12.2
12.8
13.3
13.4
13.5
13.5
13.1
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.1
14.3
14.2
14.7
15.4
15.5
15.4
15.6
15.5
14.2
14.9
14.6
Weight
Lb
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
350
377
356
346
337
369
362
351
286
346
347
343
347
334
323
321
316
314
314
288
296
294
296
314
298
312
298
301
293
325
325
325
323
306
HP
160
168
154
154
143
140
158
180
158
196
195
192
199
187
178
178
174
172
169
212
217
226
221
249
228
263
251
260
250
295
301
301
301
262
0-60
Time
15.4
15.6
16.0
15.9
16.8
17.2
15.8
14.1
15.9
13.2
13.2
13.5
13.0
13.8
14.4
14.3
14.6
14.8
15.0
12.4
12.1
11.8
12.1
10.8
11.6
10.4
10.8
10.6
10.9
9.4
9.2
9.2
9.2
10.5
HP/
CID
0.457
0.438
0.431
0.447
0.427
0.383
0.438
0.512
0.594
0.564
0.562
0.559
0.574
0.556
0.548
0.553
0.550
0.545
0.536
0.743
0.738
0.772
0.752
0.798
0.780
0.844
0.842
0.859
0.847
0.908
0.926
0.926
0.932
0.851
HP/
WT
0.0291
0.0305
0.0279
0.0281
0.0260
0.0255
0.0287
0.0327
0.0288
0.0356
0.0355
0.0349
0.0363
0.0340
0.0323
0.0324
0.0316
0.0312
0.0308
0.0385
0.0395
0.0410
0.0402
0.0452
0.0415
0.0479
0.0457
0.0472
0.0454
0.0536
0.0547
0.0547
0.0547
0.0476
Ton-
MPG
25.9
26.9
28.9
29.0
31.4
46.3
37.1
30.4
36.6
34.6
33.4
34.0
33.7
35.3
36.8
37.1
37.2
37.2
36.0
39.6
39.7
39.7
39.0
39.3
39.4
40.6
42.4
42.8
42.4
42.8
42.5
39.2
41.0
40.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-41
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
5.9%
2.8%
9.9%
1.9%
7.1%
1.4%
4WD
0.6%
17.8%
1.9%
24.9%
39.2%
33.6%
100.0%
48.5%
55.0%
64.7%
20.5%
Transmission
Manual
3.1%
4.4%
2.3%
0.6%
1.0%
32.4%
Lock
0.8%
2.5%
83.2%
59.3%
44.9%
35.0%
50.7%
29.0%
45.0%
95.1%
100.0%
93.7%
78.0%
74.1%
70.8%
61.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
11.6%
71.4%
66.2%
82.5%
89.0%
92.9%
89.5%
90.9%
94.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
39.1%
24.3%
33.5%
17.5%
10.9%
7.1%
10.5%
9.1%
5.1%
Diesel
61.2%
32.8%
32.4%
1.1%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.1%
92.9%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
1.9%
7.1%
1.4%
Five
WT
100.0%
48.1%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-42
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1
1
1
1
3
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
6
6
5
4
3
3
3
67
4
17
16
11
9
6
5
3
4
9
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.004
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.1
11.9
13.0
12.5
10.6
10.9
11.9
12.6
12.9
21.3
23.1
22.9
21.7
21.3
21.5
20.4
15.0
21.3
15.5
16.1
16.1
16.3
16.4
16.0
16.2
16.0
17.1
18.5
18.7
18.2
18.2
18.1
17.6
17.7
18.4
17.6
Adj
City
9.1
9.7
10.9
10.4
8.4
9.1
9.5
10.1
10.4
16.2
17.5
17.4
16.1
16.0
15.8
15.2
10.8
15.7
11.2
11.5
11.5
11.6
11.6
11.3
11.6
11.2
12.0
12.8
13.1
12.7
12.6
12.6
12.4
12.5
12.8
12 2
Adj
Hwy
9.7
10.6
11.2
10.9
10.1
9.4
10.8
11.6
11.8
21.5
22.9
22.4
21.9
20.8
21.7
19.8
15.2
20.2
15.4
15.9
15.9
16.1
16.1
15.7
15.2
15.4
16.0
17.4
17.2
16.5
16.6
16.5
15.8
15.9
16.6
16.1
Adj
Comp
9.4
10.1
11.0
10.6
9.1
9.2
10.1
10.7
10.9
18.2
19.6
19.4
18.4
18.0
18.2
17.1
12.6
17.7
13.0
13.4
13.4
13.6
13.6
13.3
13.3
13.1
13.9
15.0
15.1
14.7
14.6
14.6
14.1
14.2
14.7
14.2
Weight
Lb
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
317
325
318
324
460
400
350
366
366
376
379
379
379
379
379
379
352
379
352
344
350
331
330
330
330
330
330
322
324
325
326
325
325
325
323
326
HP
149
144
148
154
270
187
165
150
150
133
130
130
126
130
135
140
202
145
204
197
205
226
226
234
250
260
254
281
278
278
283
295
310
301
301
279
0-60
Time
17.1
17.5
17.3
16.8
10.8
14.6
16.1
17.4
17.4
19.2
19.5
19.5
20.0
19.5
18.9
18.4
13.7
17.9
13.6
14.1
13.5
12.5
12.5
12.2
11.5
11.2
11.4
10.5
10.6
10.6
10.5
10.1
9.7
9.9
9.9
10.6
HP/
CID
0.470
0.445
0.468
0.475
0.587
0.468
0.471
0.410
0.410
0.354
0.343
0.343
0.332
0.343
0.356
0.369
0.574
0.383
0.582
0.570
0.587
0.683
0.684
0.709
0.759
0.787
0.771
0.871
0.857
0.856
0.868
0.908
0.955
0.926
0.932
0.858
HP/
WT
0.0248
0.0240
0.0247
0.0256
0.0450
0.0312
0.0275
0.0250
0.0250
0.0222
0.0217
0.0217
0.0210
0.0217
0.0225
0.0233
0.0337
0.0242
0.0341
0.0328
0.0342
0.0377
0.0376
0.0390
0.0417
0.0433
0.0424
0.0468
0.0463
0.0463
0.0471
0.0492
0.0517
0.0502
0.0502
0.0465
Ton-
MPG
28.5
30.5
33.2
31.9
27 2
27.7
30.3
32.2
32.8
55.7
58.9
58.1
55.2
54.0
54.5
51.4
38.0
53.0
39.0
40.3
40.2
40.8
40.9
39.8
39.9
39.4
41.7
45.3
45.5
44.0
44.0
43.8
42.3
42.7
44.2
42.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-43
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
95.2%
39.1%
17.8%
18.6%
19.0%
28.6%
32.9%
37.3%
33.3%
11.1%
Transmission
Manual
85.3%
85.7%
65.6%
64.3%
2.1%
2.2%
0.6%
0.9%
1.4%
Lock
100.0%
97.9%
97.8%
99.4%
99.1%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
95.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
91.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4.6%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
Five
WT
100.0%
53.2%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-44
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1
1
2
1
0
1
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
10.6
11.5
12.3
11.7
14.2
16.1
Adj
City
8.9
9.4
10.3
9.7
10.1
11.0
Adj
Hwy
9.0
10.4
10.6
10.3
13.5
15.6
Adj
Comp
9.0
9.8
10.4
9.9
11.7
13.2
Weight
Lb
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
321
324
316
328
330
345
HP
150
144
142
155
193
295
0-60
Time
18.6
19.2
19.3
18.1
15.1
10.9
HP/
CID
0.468
0.447
0.453
0.474
0.585
0.853
HP/
WT
0.0231
0.0222
0.0219
0.0239
0.0297
0.0453
Ton-
MPG
29.2
31.9
34.0
32.3
38.0
42.9
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-45
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
Transmission
Manual
0.2%
Lock
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
Five
WT
65.3%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-46
March 2012
-------
Unilftd $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1
Frac
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.0
Adj
City
10.1
Adj
Hwy
14.6
Adj
Comp
12.3
Weight
Lb
7000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
382
HP
317
0-60
Time
10.8
HP/
CID
0.836
HP/
WT
0.0453
Ton-
MPG
43.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-47
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Weight
Class
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
Transmission
Manual
Lock
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
Three
Four
Five
WT
68.2%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-48
March 2012
-------
Unilftd $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1
3
1
1
1
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.7
25.2
25.2
25.2
25.2
Adj
City
20.9
20.3
20.3
21.3
21.3
Adj
Hwy
23.0
22.9
22.9
21.3
21.3
Adj
Comp
21.8
21.4
21.4
21.3
21.3
Weight
Lb
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
49
49
49
59
59
HP
41
41
41
45
45
0-60
Time
19.7
19.7
19.7
18.3
18.3
HP/
CID
0.837
0.837
0.837
0.763
0.763
HP/
WT
0.0205
0.0205
0.0205
0.0225
0.0225
Ton-
MPG
21.8
21.4
21.4
21.3
21.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-49
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-50
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
2
3
5
6
37
63
83
6
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.004
0.005
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
24.8
24.8
28.8
28.8
33.1
33.1
33.3
33.4
Adj
City
20.9
20.9
25.3
25.3
27.0
26.8
27.0
27.0
Adj
Hwy
21.1
21.1
23.1
23.1
29.1
29.0
28.7
28.4
Adj
Comp
21.0
21.0
24.2
24.2
27.9
27.8
27.8
27.7
Weight
Lb
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
59
59
59
61
81
81
81
80
HP
45
45
45
45
64
64
64
64
0-60
Time
20.1
20.1
20.1
20.1
15.3
15.3
15.3
15.3
HP/
CID
0.763
0.763
0.763
0.738
0.790
0.790
0.790
0.797
HP/
WT
0.0200
0.0200
0.0200
0.0200
0.0284
0.0284
0.0284
0.0284
Ton-
MPG
23.6
23.6
27.3
27.3
31.4
31.3
31.2
31.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-51
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-52
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
40
32
3
2
0
3
1
Frac
0.003
0.003
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
31.3
31.8
33.5
33.5
33.5
33.5
30.5
Adj
City
25.3
25.4
27.0
26.8
26.6
26.4
23.4
Adj
Hwy
26.8
27.4
27.9
27.8
27.7
27.6
26.1
Adj
Comp
26.0
26.3
27.5
27.3
27.2
27.0
24.7
Weight
Lb
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
97
94
79
79
79
79
90
HP
80
77
66
66
66
66
84
0-60
Time
14.1
14.3
16.2
16.2
16.2
16.2
13.7
HP/
CID
0.825
0.827
0.835
0.835
0.835
0.835
0.926
HP/
WT
0.0320
0.0310
0.0264
0.0264
0.0264
0.0264
0.0337
Ton-
MPG
32.6
32.9
34.4
34.2
34.0
33.8
31.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-53
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
56.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
43.8%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
63.1%
TBI
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
36.9%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-54
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
47
41
44
58
0
0
14
28
23
22
38
38
26
10
9
Frac
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
16.8
17.8
18.6
18.1
25.6
29.3
28.7
28.9
28.9
29.0
28.7
28.4
28.4
28.3
28.4
Adj
City
13.5
14.7
15.2
14.8
20.0
23.9
23 2
23.0
22.9
22.7
22.3
21.8
21.6
21.5
21.5
Adj
Hwy
15.5
15.5
16.6
16.2
24.2
24.9
24.4
24.8
24.7
24.6
24.3
24.3
24.2
23.9
23.9
Adj
Comp
14.3
15.1
15.8
15.4
21.7
24.4
23.8
23.9
23.8
23.7
23.3
23.0
22.9
22.7
22.7
Weight
Lb
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
276
268
271
270
96
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
97
HP
120
102
104
103
86
80
80
80
80
80
82
95
95
95
95
0-60
Time
11.4
12.6
12.4
12.5
14.2
15.4
15.4
15.2
15.2
15.2
14.9
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.3
HP/
CID
0.429
0.379
0.381
0.379
0.896
0.825
0.825
0.825
0.825
0.825
0.847
0.979
0.979
0.979
0.979
HP/
WT
0.0435
0.0371
0.0377
0.0373
0.0313
0.0291
0.0291
0.0291
0.0291
0.0291
0.0299
0.0345
0.0345
0.0345
0.0345
Ton-
MPG
19.8
20.8
21.8
21 2
29.8
33.5
32.7
32.9
32.7
32.6
32.1
31.7
31.5
31.3
31.2
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-55
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
89.1%
92.5%
89.7%
100.0%
56.7%
56.8%
57.6%
50.6%
47.4%
49.6%
48.4%
46.0%
Lock
100.0%
100.0%
43.3%
43.2%
42.4%
49.4%
52.6%
50.4%
51.6%
54.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
15.9%
14.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
84.1%
85.7%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
85.7%
100.0%
Three
Four
14.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-56
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
10
13
20
52
43
38
25
37
69
15
3
11
7
20
28
11
29
39
51
105
53
56
19
17
11
8
7
6
Frac
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.4
16.8
16.8
17.2
19.7
20.9
20.2
20.5
22.6
24.5
22.8
22.4
22.3
22.1
23.3
27.1
23.7
24.0
23.5
23.3
28.0
28.0
27.4
28.3
28.0
27.7
27.8
27.8
Adj
City
12.3
13.7
13.5
14.3
16.0
16.8
15.9
16.3
18.3
19.2
18.5
17.9
17.8
17.4
18.4
21.8
18.5
18.7
18.3
18.0
20.8
20.6
20.3
21.1
20.7
20.4
20.2
20.0
Adj
Hwy
14.2
15.1
15.3
14.9
17.6
19.0
19.0
19.0
20.6
23 2
20.1
20.1
19.9
19.9
20.5
22.9
20.7
20.8
20.2
19.9
24.9
25.0
23.9
24.0
23.7
23 2
23.5
23.5
Adj
Comp
13.1
14.3
14.2
14.6
16.7
17.7
17.2
17.4
19.2
20.8
19.2
18.9
18.7
18.5
19.4
22.3
19.5
19.7
19.2
18.9
22.8
22.7
22.1
22.6
22.2
21.9
21.9
21.8
Weight
Lb
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
304
304
304
258
222
223
241
251
203
150
150
150
150
150
136
97
139
133
135
140
111
115
105
120
118
122
118
122
HP
120
120
120
120
92
101
104
110
102
94
105
117
117
117
111
85
123
119
115
118
111
113
108
121
124
127
125
127
0-60
Time
11.8
11.8
11.8
11.7
14.4
13.5
13.2
12.6
13.5
14.3
13.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.5
15.5
11.7
12.0
12.4
12.2
12.7
12.5
13.0
11.8
11.6
11.3
11.5
11.3
HP/
CID
0.395
0.395
0.395
0.465
0.440
0.469
0.440
0.444
0.526
0.624
0.703
0.780
0.780
0.780
0.831
0.877
0.891
0.902
0.860
0.843
0.998
0.985
1.024
1.007
1.044
1.041
1.056
1.041
HP/
WT
0.0400
0.0400
0.0400
0.0400
0.0307
0.0338
0.0347
0.0367
0.0340
0.0312
0.0351
0.0390
0.0390
0.0390
0.0369
0.0284
0.0408
0.0397
0.0385
0.0395
0.0371
0.0378
0.0360
0.0403
0.0412
0.0423
0.0415
0.0423
Ton-
MPG
19.7
21.5
21.4
21.9
25.3
26.9
25.9
26.2
29.0
31.3
28.9
28.3
28.1
27.8
29.3
33.5
29.6
30.0
29 2
28.7
34.2
34.1
33.1
33.9
33.4
32.8
32.8
32.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-57
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
54.6%
70.2%
70.0%
88.6%
100.0%
90.6%
88.6%
90.1%
76.3%
71.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
70.4%
97.8%
85.6%
77.1%
79.7%
34.6%
30.3%
32.6%
64.5%
59.3%
33.0%
60.1%
42.6%
Lock
8.7%
11.4%
9.9%
23.7%
28.4%
29.6%
2.2%
14.4%
22.9%
20.3%
65.4%
69.7%
67.4%
35.5%
40.7%
67.0%
39.9%
57.4%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
26.9%
36.1%
100.0%
100.0%
84.2%
81.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
3.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
73.1%
63.9%
15.8%
18.6%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
87.2%
100.0%
82.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
Four
12.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
17.6%
0.0%
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-58
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
38
12
2
13
173
237
316
336
305
189
159
138
119
108
106
119
147
287
277
258
333
431
393
390
330
258
185
100
101
125
184
146
Frac
0.003
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.012
0.016
0.021
0.023
0.020
0.013
0.013
0.011
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.008
0.011
0.020
0.019
0.017
0.020
0.028
0.024
0.025
0.021
0.016
0.012
0.007
0.007
0.013
0.017
0.012
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.6
16.3
17.2
23.4
21.3
21.8
21.8
22 2
20.9
20.3
20.5
19.8
19.4
19.6
19.4
19.8
19.9
22.6
24.0
25.7
24.0
24.8
26.0
26.0
26.2
26.9
28.1
28.2
29.2
29.2
29.3
30.4
Adj
City
13.0
13.1
13.3
18.0
16.9
17.1
17.1
17.2
15.9
15.4
15.3
14.9
14.4
14.6
14.4
14.5
14.5
16.8
17.6
18.8
17.4
17.7
18.3
18.1
18.2
18.6
19.4
19.8
20.5
20.2
20.2
20.9
Adj
Hwy
13.4
14.8
16.8
22.9
19.8
20.7
20.4
21.1
20.2
19.3
19.8
18.8
18.6
18.7
18.3
18.7
18.9
20.2
21.3
22.5
21.2
22.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
23.6
24.6
24.1
24.8
25.5
25.6
26.5
Adj
Comp
13.2
13.8
14.7
19.9
18.1
18.6
18.5
18.8
17.7
17.0
17.2
16.6
16.2
16.4
16.1
16.4
16.5
18.4
19.4
20.6
19.3
19.9
20.7
20.7
20.8
21.2
22.1
22.0
22.7
22.9
23.0
23.8
Weight
Lb
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
304
285
304
166
167
165
171
195
213
242
241
227
242
240
240
231
235
174
159
136
158
153
152
153
155
153
146
148
146
150
152
149
HP
122
115
130
107
102
103
119
135
149
162
164
172
190
189
189
182
186
148
147
144
153
164
167
167
171
164
162
169
166
171
173
173
0-60
Time
13.1
14.1
12.5
14.4
15.2
15.1
13.6
12.5
11.4
10.8
10.7
10.2
9.3
9.4
9.3
9.8
9.5
11.6
11.7
11.7
11.2
10.6
10.5
10.4
10.2
10.5
10.6
10.3
10.4
10.1
10.1
10.1
HP/
CID
0.402
0.401
0.428
0.649
0.615
0.629
0.705
0.705
0.709
0.676
0.683
0.763
0.785
0.787
0.786
0.796
0.799
0.880
0.959
1.076
1.013
1.090
1.099
1.092
1.105
1.086
1.109
1.144
1.138
1.146
1.139
1.161
HP/
WT
0.0349
0.0329
0.0371
0.0307
0.0292
0.0294
0.0341
0.0385
0.0427
0.0464
0.0468
0.0490
0.0542
0.0539
0.0540
0.0521
0.0533
0.0423
0.0420
0.0412
0.0438
0.0468
0.0476
0.0477
0.0489
0.0468
0.0462
0.0482
0.0476
0.0489
0.0494
0.0494
Ton-
MPG
23 2
24.3
25.7
35.0
31.8
32.7
32.5
33.0
31.1
29.9
30.2
29.1
28.5
28.7
28.3
28.8
28.9
32.6
34.6
36.4
34.3
35.1
36.6
36.4
36.6
37.4
38.7
38.6
39.8
40.1
40.2
41.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-59
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
78.6%
44.2%
76.8%
100.0%
36.3%
52.2%
55.6%
55.1%
37.4%
26.8%
24.4%
37.2%
25.0%
35.3%
35.7%
30.2%
12.8%
47.5%
41.0%
26.3%
15.9%
11.8%
10.0%
7.2%
8.8%
16.9%
10.2%
10.0%
6.9%
8.1%
8.5%
11.0%
Lock
23.2%
19.6%
47.3%
43.1%
37.7%
57.5%
67.7%
71.1%
57.8%
69.8%
57.3%
64.3%
69.8%
87.2%
52.5%
59.0%
73.7%
84.1%
88.2%
89.6%
88.9%
89.4%
82.5%
89.8%
45.2%
44.8%
64.0%
61.7%
57.0%
CVT
0.4%
3.9%
1.7%
0.7%
44.7%
48.3%
28.0%
29.9%
32.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
8.1%
34.8%
63.6%
83.2%
78.9%
82.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
2.8%
10.7%
6.7%
0.6%
0.7%
0.6%
Diesel
0.5%
0.1%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
95.6%
95.4%
55.8%
36.9%
16.8%
39.6%
16.1%
9.4%
6.4%
8.2%
Three
Four
4.4%
4.6%
44.2%
63.1%
83.2%
60.4%
83.9%
90.6%
93.6%
100.0%
91.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
10.8%
39.0%
38.1%
50.8%
60.4%
61.8%
58.1%
55.3%
32.5%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-60
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
16
24
30
40
7
7
7
8
68
116
173
154
184
259
344
194
329
217
193
344
384
344
376
445
515
373
367
358
461
581
620
553
638
606
393
607
602
Frac
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.007
0.008
0.012
0.010
0.012
0.017
0.024
0.015
0.026
0.018
0.015
0.024
0.025
0.026
0.026
0.031
0.034
0.022
0.024
0.022
0.029
0.037
0.039
0.037
0.042
0.044
0.042
0.055
0.049
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
13.2
13.8
14.7
14.5
15.7
15.9
16.9
19.4
21.9
22.1
22.0
21.1
20.4
20.8
21.2
20.5
20.8
20.2
21.3
18.9
19.0
19.2
19.7
20.1
20.7
20.7
21.0
21.3
22.5
22.1
23.2
23.3
25.5
26.5
27.5
28.6
28.7
Adj
City
10.6
11.0
11.7
11.6
12.6
12.9
13.4
15.3
16.7
16.7
16.6
16.2
15.5
15.9
16.2
15.7
15.6
14.9
15.6
13.9
13.9
14.0
14.3
14.4
14.9
14.9
14.9
15.1
15.8
15.1
15.9
16.0
17.5
18.3
18.9
19.5
19.6
Adj
Hwy
12.2
12.7
13.6
13.4
14.3
14.3
15.7
18.2
21.8
22.7
22.6
20.6
20.0
19.8
20.0
19.2
19.8
19.5
20.6
17.9
18.0
18.1
18.4
19.0
19.2
18.9
19.3
19.4
20.3
20.5
21.1
21.0
22.9
23.5
24.6
25.6
25.7
Adj
Comp
11.2
11.7
12.5
12.3
13.3
13.5
14.4
16.5
18.7
18.9
18.8
17.9
17.3
17.6
17.8
17.2
17.4
16.9
17.8
15.7
15.7
15.9
16.2
16.5
16.9
16.8
17.0
17.2
18.1
17.8
18.5
18.5
20.2
20.9
21.7
22.6
22.7
Weight
Lb
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
350
353
359
361
222
248
258
258
175
173
173
165
172
190
214
197
232
236
249
249
246
256
246
240
227
228
219
205
201
217
198
196
177
170
167
166
166
HP
144
145
148
145
95
99
112
110
110
110
110
121
127
135
146
141
153
165
192
189
189
194
191
190
197
195
193
194
196
201
198
197
199
192
197
199
198
0-60
Time
13.0
13.1
13.0
13.0
18.2
17.4
15.8
15.9
16.0
16.0
16.0
14.8
14.3
13.7
12.8
13.1
12.4
11.8
10.3
10.5
10.5
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.2
10.2
10.0
10.1
10.1
10.2
10.4
10.2
10.2
10.2
HP/
CID
0.412
0.408
0.409
0.400
0.422
0.400
0.434
0.428
0.631
0.636
0.636
0.738
0.737
0.723
0.702
0.733
0.673
0.705
0.772
0.774
0.784
0.770
0.792
0.809
0.886
0.868
0.909
0.973
0.997
0.943
1.012
1.018
1.147
1.142
1.188
1.205
1.203
HP/
WT
0.0360
0.0362
0.0369
0.0361
0.0237
0.0249
0.0280
0.0276
0.0275
0.0275
0.0275
0.0304
0.0317
0.0337
0.0366
0.0353
0.0383
0.0414
0.0480
0.0472
0.0473
0.0486
0.0478
0.0476
0.0493
0.0487
0.0484
0.0485
0.0489
0.0501
0.0496
0.0492
0.0497
0.0481
0.0493
0.0497
0.0495
Ton-
MPG
22.5
23.5
25.1
24.7
26.7
27 2
28.8
33.5
37.4
37.9
37.7
36.4
34.7
35.3
35.8
34.5
35.0
33.8
35.6
31.5
31.5
31.9
32.5
33.1
33.9
33.7
34.3
34.6
36.4
35.7
37.3
37.8
40.9
42.3
43.8
45.6
45.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-61
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
27.7%
28.1%
26.2%
29.2%
97.5%
69.7%
33.7%
33.8%
28.9%
22.9%
17.9%
31.9%
19.9%
32.8%
30.2%
42.4%
21.4%
22.2%
16.5%
15.0%
11.6%
5.4%
8.2%
4.8%
9.8%
12.7%
8.3%
10.7%
8.7%
8.8%
3.2%
7.3%
3.6%
3.3%
0.2%
2.3%
2.2%
Lock
66.3%
66.2%
71.1%
77.1%
82.1%
68.1%
80.1%
67.2%
67.1%
57.6%
78.6%
77.8%
83.5%
85.0%
88.4%
94.6%
91.8%
95.2%
90.2%
87.3%
91.7%
89.3%
84.6%
85.0%
89.2%
87.3%
91.1%
88.3%
84.7%
80.3%
78.4%
CVT
6.7%
6.2%
7.6%
5.3%
5.3%
8.4%
15.1%
16.1%
18.3%
Fuel Metering
GDI
2.2%
3.1%
8.8%
8.6%
Port
23.4%
5.4%
33.2%
44.3%
64.0%
30.7%
53.0%
98.2%
99.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.8%
96.9%
91.2%
91.4%
TBI
73.4%
94.6%
66.8%
55.7%
36.0%
69.3%
47.0%
1.8%
0.7%
Diesel
3.2%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
76.8%
76.8%
87.4%
70.2%
71.8%
68.9%
71.5%
64.9%
45.1%
42.4%
64.7%
45.5%
36.8%
24.0%
14.4%
8.7%
6.5%
6.4%
Three
4.9%
Four
18.2%
23.2%
12.6%
29.8%
28.2%
31.1%
28.5%
35.1%
54.9%
57.6%
35.3%
54.5%
63.2%
76.0%
85.6%
91.3%
93.5%
93.6%
Five
WT
13.4%
15.7%
23.7%
26.3%
35.0%
19.2%
19.5%
30.6%
63.1%
64.3%
74.3%
92.5%
93.6%
Hybrid
1.0%
2.3%
1.1%
2.5%
2.0%
1.0%
0.6%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-62
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
23
27
75
97
47
47
39
45
54
57
43
37
22
26
23
53
261
259
297
546
583
549
658
646
681
828
722
1119
664
890
657
559
794
789
449
578
539
Frac
0.002
0.002
0.005
0.007
0.003
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.002
0.004
0.021
0.021
0.022
0.039
0.038
0.042
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.050
0.046
0.069
0.042
0.057
0.041
0.037
0.052
0.057
0.048
0.052
0.044
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
13.1
13.5
15.3
14.7
13.0
14.4
15.7
15.4
15.7
14.8
15.2
15.6
14.0
14.6
14.5
17.7
19.8
19.5
19.7
19.9
19.9
20.4
19.9
20.1
19.9
20.1
19.9
19.8
20.8
21.4
21.7
23.0
22.7
22.9
23.4
23.8
24.4
Adj
City
10.3
10.7
12.3
11.7
10.4
11.6
12.5
12.3
12.5
11.8
12.1
12.3
11.0
11.5
11.3
13.5
14.7
14.6
14.6
14.7
14.5
14.7
14.3
14.4
14.2
14.3
14.2
13.9
14.5
14.8
14.8
15.9
15.7
15.7
15.9
16.3
16.6
Adj
Hwy
12.3
12.7
14.1
13.6
11.9
13.0
14.7
14.3
14.6
13.6
14.1
14.5
13.1
13.3
13.3
16.7
19.1
18.4
18.6
19.0
18.8
19.7
18.8
19.1
18.5
18.8
18.4
18.4
19.3
19.8
20.0
20.7
20.5
20.9
21.4
21.8
22.4
Adj
Comp
11.2
11.5
13.0
12.5
11.0
12.2
13.4
13.1
13.3
12.6
12.9
13.2
11.9
12.3
12.2
14.8
16.6
16.2
16.4
16.6
16.4
16.9
16.4
16.5
16.2
16.4
16.2
16.1
16.8
17.2
17.4
18.4
18.1
18.3
18.7
19.0
19.5
Weight
Lb
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
353
353
347
347
337
313
319
316
317
320
320
324
326
309
307
212
226
220
217
229
232
255
255
252
253
248
235
239
231
230
221
216
221
220
216
215
211
HP
154
155
151
158
139
138
137
137
135
134
143
139
141
148
153
152
167
167
167
177
175
177
182
181
197
194
207
223
225
228
236
231
240
242
249
251
254
0-60
Time
13.6
13.8
13.8
13.3
14.7
14.8
14.8
14.8
15.0
15.1
14.3
14.6
14.5
14.0
13.6
13.7
12.6
12.6
12.6
12.1
12.2
12.1
11.9
11.9
11.2
11.3
10.7
10.2
10.1
9.9
9.7
9.4
9.4
9.4
9.3
9.2
9.1
HP/
CID
0.437
0.436
0.434
0.456
0.413
0.443
0.432
0.435
0.430
0.419
0.450
0.433
0.443
0.505
0.524
0.759
0.744
0.764
0.778
0.776
0.764
0.694
0.718
0.724
0.785
0.791
0.895
0.934
0.982
1.004
1.073
1.077
1.092
1.103
1.155
1.178
1.222
HP/
WT
0.0343
0.0344
0.0335
0.0351
0.0309
0.0306
0.0304
0.0305
0.0301
0.0297
0.0317
0.0310
0.0312
0.0328
0.0340
0.0337
0.0371
0.0372
0.0372
0.0393
0.0389
0.0392
0.0405
0.0403
0.0438
0.0430
0.0460
0.0495
0.0499
0.0506
0.0523
0.0513
0.0534
0.0537
0.0553
0.0558
0.0564
Ton-
MPG
25.3
26.1
29.5
28.2
25.1
28.1
30.3
29.8
30.4
28.7
29.6
30.3
26.8
27.8
27.5
33.8
37.5
36.6
37.0
37.4
37.3
38.1
37.0
37.3
36.6
36.9
36.5
36.3
38.0
39.0
39.4
41.9
41.0
41.4
42 2
43.0
44.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-63
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
9.5%
6.1%
12.1%
10.5%
11.0%
26.4%
32.7%
31.5%
23.3%
31.2%
32.1%
17.4%
23.3%
2.1%
2.6%
2.4%
14.7%
15.3%
13.1%
8.1%
6.1%
2.3%
1.8%
1.8%
0.9%
1.9%
2.2%
0.9%
0.6%
0.6%
0.7%
1.0%
3.5%
2.3%
1.3%
1.7%
1.8%
Lock
6.5%
38.1%
27.2%
40.3%
2.0%
27.9%
7.9%
38.8%
42.6%
84.8%
83.9%
84.7%
86.9%
91.9%
93.9%
97.7%
98.2%
98.2%
99.1%
98.1%
97.8%
99.1%
99.4%
99.4%
99.3%
83.0%
88.3%
95.1%
88.2%
92.8%
86.9%
CVT
16.0%
8.1%
2.5%
10.5%
5.5%
4.6%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.7%
10.2%
11.4%
Port
27.9%
9.9%
41.0%
46.2%
87.1%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.7%
98.8%
100.0%
100.0%
98.3%
89.8%
88.6%
TBI
Diesel
1.6%
9.3%
1.3%
1.2%
Number of Valves
Two
88.1%
76.2%
98.0%
98.1%
95.1%
89.2%
86.2%
62.9%
62.7%
48.3%
38.5%
26.6%
13.9%
19.4%
28.6%
21.3%
22.5%
19.8%
Three
9.6%
Four
2.3%
23.8%
2.0%
1.9%
4.9%
10.8%
13.8%
37.1%
37.3%
51.7%
61.5%
73.4%
86.1%
80.6%
71.4%
78.7%
77.5%
80.2%
Five
WT
19.7%
23.9%
40.2%
51.4%
66.6%
78.7%
60.9%
56.4%
68.6%
74.8%
79.5%
Hybrid
10.6%
3.5%
2.5%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-64
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
67
101
66
114
173
60
43
37
54
121
133
135
97
101
112
83
51
36
46
51
70
82
120
265
356
254
160
404
638
683
634
826
594
699
332
452
611
Frac
0.007
0.008
0.005
0.008
0.012
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.007
0.007
0.008
0.007
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.008
0.018
0.023
0.015
0.010
0.025
0.040
0.044
0.040
0.055
0.039
0.050
0.036
0.041
0.049
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.1
12.8
13.6
13.0
11.4
14.0
15.3
15.1
15.7
15.3
15.7
16.4
15.7
16.1
15.9
16.0
15.8
15.7
16.1
16.5
17.0
17.0
18.0
17.3
17.4
17.6
17.1
18.9
19.3
19.6
19.5
20.0
20.4
21.4
22.5
23.3
24.6
Adj
City
9.4
10.5
11.2
10.5
9.5
11.2
12.2
12.0
12.3
12.0
12.3
12.7
12.2
12.4
12.2
11.9
11.8
11.6
11.9
12 2
12.4
12.4
13.0
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.0
13.2
13.4
13.4
13.3
13.7
13.9
14.5
15.3
15.9
16.6
Adj
Hwy
9.4
11.5
12.0
11.7
9.9
12.9
14.1
14.1
15.0
14.6
15.0
15.8
14.9
15.3
15.2
15.7
15.3
15.2
15.5
15.7
16.3
16.1
17.1
16.7
16.6
16.8
16.4
17.8
18.2
18.5
18.4
18.8
19.2
20.1
21.1
21.6
22.8
Adj
Comp
9.4
10.9
11.5
11.0
9.6
11.9
13.0
12.9
13.4
13.0
13.4
14.0
13.3
13.6
13.4
13.5
13.3
13.2
13.5
13.7
14.1
14.1
14.9
14.3
14.3
14.5
14.0
15.4
15.7
15.9
15.8
16.2
16.5
17.2
18.1
18.7
19.7
Weight
Lb
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
347
357
351
370
351
343
328
330
328
330
330
324
326
330
328
332
312
292
313
310
322
318
308
317
307
295
282
255
259
263
259
251
249
240
227
227
219
HP
157
151
160
168
152
159
154
156
157
164
169
163
175
181
179
184
188
174
200
202
199
216
226
223
234
229
233
244
256
265
261
255
259
260
272
268
292
0-60
Time
14.4
15.0
14.4
13.7
15.2
14.3
14.7
14.6
14.5
14.1
13.7
14.1
13.5
13.2
13.3
12.9
12.7
13.5
11.9
11.8
12.0
11.3
10.8
10.9
10.6
10.7
10.6
10.2
9.8
9.6
9.7
9.9
9.8
9.6
9.3
9.3
8.7
HP/
CID
0.453
0.421
0.457
0.454
0.433
0.463
0.473
0.476
0.482
0.497
0.510
0.503
0.535
0.545
0.540
0.553
0.604
0.622
0.646
0.659
0.625
0.685
0.738
0.705
0.779
0.784
0.847
0.976
1.002
1.025
1.028
1.026
1.053
1.096
1.210
1.188
1.335
HP/
WT
0.0315
0.0301
0.0320
0.0336
0.0303
0.0317
0.0309
0.0311
0.0315
0.0327
0.0337
0.0326
0.0350
0.0362
0.0357
0.0369
0.0375
0.0348
0.0400
0.0404
0.0398
0.0431
0.0453
0.0446
0.0468
0.0459
0.0467
0.0489
0.0513
0.0529
0.0522
0.0510
0.0518
0.0519
0.0544
0.0535
0.0583
Ton-
MPG
23.6
27.3
29.0
27.6
24 2
30.0
32.9
32.8
34.1
33.2
33.9
35.1
33.7
34.2
33.9
33.9
33.3
33.0
33.9
34.4
35.4
35.3
37.3
36.0
36.1
36.4
35.2
38.7
39.3
39.8
39.6
40.5
41.5
43.7
45.8
47.6
49.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-65
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.9%
7.9%
17.0%
33.5%
26.7%
29.4%
4WD
98.7%
97.9%
96.4%
97.3%
68.1%
78.4%
75.3%
79.2%
72.6%
76.2%
73.0%
72.8%
97.3%
99.1%
99.4%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
75.9%
72.0%
26.2%
58.8%
54.4%
68.0%
97.1%
88.4%
86.9%
79.3%
82.8%
83.7%
81.4%
71.5%
60.6%
64.2%
63.7%
Transmission
Manual
19.5%
18.9%
21.0%
19.7%
14.7%
18.9%
7.8%
8.9%
5.7%
6.5%
4.6%
4.9%
7.1%
6.3%
6.6%
4.8%
3.1%
4.7%
4.4%
3.4%
2.3%
2.6%
0.3%
4.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Lock
0.9%
55.3%
62.7%
51.5%
66.6%
55.5%
64.6%
76.8%
62.0%
59.4%
63.0%
86.4%
91.6%
94.1%
95.6%
96.6%
97.7%
97.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.7%
95.5%
99.9%
99.8%
99.9%
99.6%
99.7%
96.4%
96.7%
93.0%
92.9%
CVT
3.5%
3.2%
7.0%
6.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.5%
23.3%
39.9%
50.9%
Port
6.7%
21.1%
32.4%
54.9%
59.4%
63.3%
70.6%
97.4%
98.6%
98.5%
75.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.0%
98.4%
75.8%
59.5%
48.4%
TBI
43.2%
42.9%
40.6%
36.7%
29.4%
2.6%
1.4%
1.5%
24.8%
Diesel
1.0%
1.1%
1.0%
0.5%
0.7%
Number of Valves
Two
68.5%
87.3%
77.5%
79.4%
100.0%
85.4%
97.8%
79.7%
37.5%
28.5%
26.5%
29.3%
34.9%
41.3%
30.4%
15.0%
19.7%
1.1%
Three
14.6%
10.8%
4.1%
3.1%
11.3%
4.4%
2.3%
1.0%
1.6%
Four
31.5%
12.7%
22.5%
20.6%
2.2%
20.3%
51.7%
67.4%
73.5%
67.6%
53.8%
54.4%
67.3%
84.1%
78.8%
98.9%
Five
WT
2.2%
20.3%
45.2%
56.1%
58.7%
62.4%
63.5%
57.2%
65.9%
85.7%
81.8%
99.6%
Hybrid
3.5%
3.2%
7.0%
6.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-66
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
6
7
10
12
59
6
4
24
20
21
18
19
52
66
41
41
25
45
71
92
143
141
307
273
199
303
402
278
317
483
365
231
165
92
69
70
98
Frac
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.004
0.005
0.007
0.009
0.011
0.021
0.019
0.013
0.018
0.026
0.017
0.020
0.031
0.023
0.015
0.011
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.008
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
10.5
11.2
11.7
11.8
10.6
13.8
14.1
21.2
20.2
17.9
16.1
15.7
16.8
16.5
17.5
17.3
17.2
16.3
16.8
16.8
16.9
17.4
17.4
17.0
17.5
18.2
18.5
18.4
18.3
18.4
18.6
18.7
19.0
19.4
21.1
22.2
21.6
Adj
City
8.5
9.1
9.4
9.6
8.9
11.0
11.4
16.5
15.6
13.9
12.3
11.9
12.8
12.5
12.9
12.7
12.6
12.1
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.7
12.5
12.1
12.3
13.0
13.3
12.9
12.8
12.8
12.8
12.9
13.1
13.3
14.2
15.0
14.6
Adj
Hwy
9.6
10.2
10.7
10.6
9.1
12.9
12.9
20.4
19.8
17.4
16.0
15.6
16.4
16.1
17.8
17.6
17.2
15.8
16.3
16.1
16.0
16.6
16.7
16.3
17.0
17.1
16.7
17.3
16.9
17.0
17.2
17.4
17.5
18.3
19.9
20.9
20.5
Adj
Comp
8.9
9.6
10.0
10.1
9.0
11.7
12.0
18.0
17.3
15.3
13.7
13.4
14.3
14.0
14.9
14.7
14.5
13.7
14.1
14.0
14.0
14.4
14.4
14.0
14.4
14.9
15.0
15.0
14.8
14.9
15.0
15.1
15.3
15.7
17.0
17.9
17.5
Weight
Lb
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
429
412
419
410
405
350
350
350
372
364
355
353
350
350
350
350
350
350
350
351
350
350
334
327
333
306
306
310
297
302
296
303
291
283
267
254
276
HP
210
197
193
188
176
165
175
134
139
148
159
162
209
200
209
209
209
210
210
210
205
250
238
234
252
253
260
267
258
280
287
289
305
327
311
304
344
0-60
Time
12.5
13.3
13.4
13.5
14.5
15.0
14.3
17.8
17.4
16.6
15.5
15.3
12.5
12.9
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.6
10.7
11.2
11.3
10.7
10.7
10.5
10.2
10.5
10.0
9.7
9.7
9.3
8.7
9.0
9.0
8.2
HP/
CID
0.488
0.475
0.459
0.461
0.432
0.471
0.500
0.382
0.375
0.408
0.450
0.459
0.596
0.572
0.596
0.597
0.597
0.600
0.600
0.598
0.586
0.714
0.713
0.720
0.759
0.841
0.857
0.862
0.867
0.933
0.978
0.959
1.058
1.175
1.189
1.218
1.281
HP/
WT
0.0381
0.0359
0.0351
0.0343
0.0320
0.0300
0.0318
0.0243
0.0252
0.0269
0.0289
0.0294
0.0379
0.0364
0.0380
0.0380
0.0380
0.0382
0.0382
0.0381
0.0373
0.0455
0.0432
0.0426
0.0459
0.0460
0.0472
0.0486
0.0469
0.0509
0.0522
0.0526
0.0554
0.0595
0.0565
0.0552
0.0626
Ton-
MPG
24.7
26.4
27.6
27.7
24.9
32.3
33.0
50.5
48.9
43.6
38.3
37.1
39.3
38.6
40.9
40.3
39.9
37.6
38.7
38.5
38.5
39.7
39.6
38.7
39.7
41.1
41.3
41.2
40.8
41.0
41.3
41.6
42.2
43.4
47.2
49.6
48.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-67
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
84.6%
72.3%
77.0%
79.0%
26.5%
84.1%
100.0%
66.8%
68.3%
74.8%
100.0%
100.0%
37.9%
40.7%
2.2%
1.0%
1.3%
46.2%
35.6%
39.3%
66.5%
74.9%
85.1%
85.1%
14.8%
40.6%
45.7%
19.9%
20.0%
47.7%
56.9%
62.1%
84.3%
94.1%
73.4%
86.1%
97.1%
Transmission
Manual
15.4%
9.9%
8.8%
8.2%
21.0%
6.8%
10.8%
1.3%
2.3%
2.8%
1.9%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%
Lock
100.0%
93.2%
89.2%
98.7%
97.7%
97.2%
98.1%
99.8%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
99.7%
98.9%
95.4%
CVT
1.1%
1.2%
Fuel Metering
GDI
43.7%
28.0%
44.5%
37.5%
Port
1.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
56.3%
68.0%
45.5%
57.3%
TBI
98.4%
98.8%
98.6%
98.9%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
98.5%
100.0%
Diesel
89.3%
75.1%
49.3%
16.9%
9.6%
1.6%
1.2%
1.4%
1.1%
1.4%
0.0%
4.0%
10.0%
5.2%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.6%
95.7%
84.2%
76.3%
71.2%
75.3%
52.8%
53.6%
56.5%
38.9%
39.6%
35.2%
17.7%
32.0%
Three
11.8%
10.0%
2.7%
3.8%
0.2%
3.0%
Four
3.4%
4.3%
4.0%
13.7%
28.8%
22.0%
39.8%
44.3%
41.9%
61.1%
60.4%
61.8%
82.3%
68.0%
Five
3.7%
2.0%
1.6%
WT
0.4%
30.3%
39.0%
43.5%
38.1%
55.8%
69.6%
92.9%
94.8%
Hybrid
1.1%
3.2%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-68
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
1
1
1
3
4
4
4
7
5
3
3
33
32
18
21
49
60
61
58
74
50
166
269
219
453
654
635
490
327
681
442
139
202
300
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.003
0.001
0.002
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.003
0.011
0.016
0.014
0.028
0.041
0.040
0.031
0.022
0.045
0.032
0.015
0.018
0.024
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
10.3
11.9
11.9
11.4
13.4
21.2
20.8
21.0
21.4
22.1
20.9
18.3
15.8
16.0
15.7
14.9
15.8
16.1
15.7
16.8
16.7
16.1
16.5
16.6
16.8
17.7
17.4
17.4
18.2
18.1
19.8
19.5
19.8
20.2
21.3
Adj
City
8.3
9.5
9.5
9.2
10.3
16.5
16.0
16.1
16.2
16.7
15.9
13.9
11.9
12.0
11.7
10.9
11.6
12.0
11.6
12.1
12.0
11.5
11.7
11.9
12.0
12.4
12.1
12.1
12.5
12.4
13.3
13.2
13.3
13.6
14.3
Adj
Hwy
9.3
11.0
11.0
10.2
13.2
20.5
20.4
20.8
21.7
22.1
20.5
17.8
15.4
15.6
15.2
14.7
15.3
15.0
14.9
16.3
15.9
15.7
16.1
15.5
15.4
16.6
16.4
16.2
16.9
16.9
19.0
18.7
19.0
19.3
20.4
Adj
Comp
8.7
10.1
10.1
9.7
11.4
18.1
17.7
17.9
18.3
18.8
17.8
15.5
13.3
13.5
13.2
12.5
13.2
13.3
13.1
13.9
13.8
13.4
13.7
13.6
13.6
14.4
14.2
14.1
14.7
14.6
16.0
15.8
16.1
16.4
17.2
Weight
Lb
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
400
400
400
400
350
350
379
379
378
379
376
368
352
351
351
350
350
350
350
350
350
323
319
325
326
332
329
331
330
318
329
324
329
326
329
HP
170
170
180
180
165
130
130
130
131
130
137
162
206
206
207
210
210
210
210
250
250
230
237
257
274
295
279
287
302
306
322
333
339
335
339
0-60
Time
15.7
15.6
15.0
15.0
16.1
19.5
19.5
19.5
19.4
19.5
18.9
16.9
13.6
13.5
13.5
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.3
11.5
11.5
12.3
12.1
11.3
10.7
10.2
10.6
10.4
9.9
9.8
9.5
9.2
9.0
9.1
8.9
HP/
CID
0.425
0.426
0.450
0.449
0.470
0.371
0.343
0.343
0.348
0.343
0.366
0.445
0.586
0.588
0.591
0.600
0.600
0.600
0.599
0.713
0.713
0.715
0.747
0.795
0.842
0.885
0.851
0.869
0.917
0.973
0.979
1.031
1.039
1.033
1.033
HP/
WT
0.0283
0.0284
0.0300
0.0300
0.0274
0.0217
0.0217
0.0217
0.0219
0.0217
0.0229
0.0270
0.0343
0.0344
0.0345
0.0350
0.0350
0.0350
0.0350
0.0416
0.0416
0.0383
0.0395
0.0429
0.0457
0.0491
0.0465
0.0479
0.0504
0.0510
0.0537
0.0554
0.0566
0.0558
0.0564
Ton-
MPG
26.2
30.4
30.4
29.0
34.2
54.2
53.2
53.8
55.3
56.5
54.1
47.9
40.2
40.6
39.7
37.5
39.7
40.0
39.2
41.8
41.4
40.1
41.0
40.8
41.0
43.5
42.7
42.4
44.2
43.9
48.3
47.7
48.7
49.4
52.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-69
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
3.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
47.3%
49.0%
56.8%
70.0%
97.2%
97.5%
96.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
93.4%
84.5%
75.1%
78.2%
76.6%
77.2%
56.7%
57.2%
57.2%
60.7%
53.7%
Transmission
Manual
12.7%
12.8%
11.6%
15.5%
9.1%
7.3%
1.0%
0.7%
Lock
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
90.9%
92.7%
99.0%
99.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.2%
95.5%
99.3%
91.8%
CVT
1.8%
4.5%
0.6%
4.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.8%
1.4%
12.9%
10.6%
Port
1.0%
99.5%
99.6%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.9%
100.0%
99.8%
99.7%
97.9%
96.9%
84.5%
87.2%
TBI
9.1%
37.7%
94.6%
95.2%
96.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.0%
Diesel
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
95.9%
100.0%
90.9%
62.3%
5.4%
4.8%
3.9%
0.5%
0.4%
0.3%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
1.2%
1.7%
2.6%
2.2%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
87.0%
70.2%
86.4%
77.0%
92.7%
92.2%
86.6%
63.4%
36.9%
85.2%
62.7%
66.2%
48.8%
72.3%
Three
0.1%
0.2%
24.1%
32.1%
5.4%
8.3%
4.7%
9.1%
6.7%
Four
13.0%
29.8%
13.6%
23.0%
7.3%
7.7%
13.1%
12.5%
31.0%
9.4%
29.1%
29.1%
42.1%
21.0%
Five
WT
2.1%
7.3%
34.9%
63.0%
28.6%
41.8%
45.4%
89.8%
99.1%
Hybrid
1.8%
5.9%
0.7%
4.9%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-70
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1
40
4
36
58
Frac
0.000
0.003
0.000
0.003
0.005
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
20.2
18.4
18.3
18.4
18.7
Adj
City
14.7
12.5
12.4
12.6
12.7
Adj
Hwy
20.4
17.5
17.5
17.3
17.7
Adj
Comp
17.0
14.9
14.9
14.9
15.2
Weight
Lb
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
379
344
346
337
351
HP
140
375
383
341
354
0-60
Time
19.6
8.9
8.7
9.6
9.4
HP/
CID
0.369
1.090
1.107
1.011
1.006
HP/
WT
0.0215
0.0577
0.0589
0.0525
0.0544
Ton-
MPG
55.2
48.6
48.4
48.5
49.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-71
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
85.6%
87.8%
Transmission
Manual
Lock
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.8%
CVT
1.2%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
100.0%
Number of Valves
Two
39.7%
Three
55.5%
48.0%
Four
100.0%
100.0%
44.5%
12.4%
Five
WT
100.0%
100.0%
44.5%
100.0%
Hybrid
1.2%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-72
March 2012
-------
Unilftd $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
9
Frac
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.4
Adj
City
10.3
Adj
Hwy
15.4
Adj
Comp
12.7
Weight
Lb
7000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
366
HP
352
0-60
Time
9.9
HP/
CID
0.962
HP/
WT
0.0503
Ton-
MPG
44.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-73
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Weight
Class
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
Lock
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
Three
Four
Five
WT
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-74
March 2012
-------
Unilftd $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
0
Frac
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.2
25.2
Adj
City
20.3
20.3
Adj
Hwy
22.9
22.9
Adj
Comp
21.4
21.4
Weight
Lb
2000
2000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
49
49
HP
41
41
0-60
Time
19.7
19.7
HP/
CID
0.837
0.837
HP/
WT
0.0205
0.0205
Ton-
MPG
21.4
21.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-75
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-76
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
25
24
11
1
0
Frac
0.000
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.0
32.0
41.5
43.1
39.2
28.8
Adj
City
20.1
25.3
33.2
35.7
32.6
25.3
Adj
Hwy
22.9
30.0
38.1
37.6
34.0
23.1
Adj
Comp
21.2
27.2
35.2
36.5
33.2
24.2
Weight
Lb
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
49
94
97
97
91
59
HP
41
64
52
52
51
45
0-60
Time
21.6
15.9
17.9
18.0
18.3
20.1
HP/
CID
0.837
0.677
0.536
0.539
0.571
0.763
HP/
WT
0.0182
0.0284
0.0231
0.0231
0.0226
0.0200
Ton-
MPG
23.9
32.4
39.7
41.2
39.1
27.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-77
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
2250
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
100.0%
100.0%
98.8%
84.5%
4WD
100.0%
1.2%
15.5%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
54.6%
Diesel
45.4%
100.0%
98.8%
84.5%
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-78
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
23
39
17
27
25
21
15
4
5
1
Frac
0.002
0.003
0.001
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
27.2
27.5
25.8
28.4
29.7
32.6
28.1
29.6
30.0
29.8
Adj
City
21.2
21.7
19.9
22.4
23.1
24.6
22 2
23.5
23.6
23.4
Adj
Hwy
26.3
26.1
25.2
26.7
28.8
33.1
26.3
27.4
27.9
27.5
Adj
Comp
23.2
23.5
22.0
24.2
25.3
27.8
23.9
25.2
25.4
25.1
Weight
Lb
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
97
97
97
108
123
128
102
109
109
109
HP
67
67
68
73
80
86
70
73
73
73
0-60
Time
16.0
16.0
15.8
14.9
14.0
13.3
16.4
15.0
15.0
15.0
HP/
CID
0.691
0.691
0.701
0.683
0.655
0.670
0.700
0.670
0.670
0.670
HP/
WT
0.0268
0.0268
0.0272
0.0294
0.0321
0.0343
0.0279
0.0292
0.0292
0.0292
Ton-
MPG
29.1
29.4
27.5
30.2
31.7
34.9
30.1
31.5
31.8
31.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-79
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
9.5%
34.2%
71.2%
78.8%
36.0%
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
90.5%
65.8%
28.8%
21.2%
64.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
90.5%
100.0%
83.6%
95.7%
96.0%
95.6%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
4.3%
4.0%
4.4%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
TBI
9.5%
34.2%
13.5%
4.2%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-80
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
156
162
226
183
240
324
222
227
340
314
238
311
240
121
76
31
19
Frac
0.015
0.013
0.016
0.013
0.017
0.029
0.021
0.023
0.033
0.022
0.016
0.020
0.016
0.008
0.005
0.002
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
22.7
24.1
25.7
25.8
22.7
25.2
27.9
28.3
28.8
28.2
29.9
29.5
29.7
27.8
27.6
26.0
28.2
Adj
City
17.4
18.6
20.0
20.7
17.8
20.0
22 2
22.4
22.9
22.5
23.7
23.3
23.2
21.7
21.6
20.4
21.3
Adj
Hwy
22.4
23.8
24.7
23.7
21.6
23.4
26.0
26.3
26.7
26.1
27.8
27.4
27.7
25.5
25.1
23.0
25.7
Adj
Comp
19.4
20.6
21.9
22.0
19.3
21.4
23.8
24.0
24.5
24.0
25.4
25.0
25.1
23.4
23.1
21.6
23.3
Weight
Lb
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
119
120
121
121
126
126
130
130
132
130
130
132
134
136
135
144
144
HP
95
98
97
97
91
91
90
91
87
87
90
92
93
98
97
102
112
0-60
Time
13.3
13.1
13.2
13.1
13.7
13.6
13.8
13.7
14.2
14.2
13.8
13.6
13.5
12.9
12.9
12.4
11.6
HP/
CID
0.799
0.815
0.801
0.801
0.722
0.728
0.695
0.699
0.658
0.670
0.692
0.694
0.694
0.721
0.721
0.708
0.778
HP/
WT
0.0347
0.0355
0.0352
0.0353
0.0330
0.0333
0.0329
0.0331
0.0315
0.0317
0.0328
0.0334
0.0338
0.0356
0.0354
0.0371
0.0407
Ton-
MPG
26.7
28.4
30.2
30.3
27.0
29.7
32.9
33.3
33.9
33.3
35.1
34.6
34.6
32 2
31.9
29.7
32.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-81
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
2750
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
1.4%
4.0%
2.2%
4WD
0.1%
0.1%
Transmission
Manual
88.7%
80.2%
79.9%
86.1%
85.8%
86.9%
90.3%
87.1%
89.4%
88.1%
92.5%
89.0%
90.6%
99.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Lock
4.9%
0.2%
0.3%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
1.2%
1.5%
0.6%
100.0%
TBI
0.1%
Diesel
1.4%
1.7%
0.9%
0.7%
0.4%
0.4%
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-82
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
60
63
78
124
174
169
211
353
378
475
583
785
728
715
575
413
577
318
364
275
172
103
66
81
50
40
23
21
21
23
Frac
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.009
0.013
0.015
0.020
0.036
0.037
0.034
0.040
0.051
0.049
0.047
0.040
0.033
0.046
0.026
0.028
0.019
0.011
0.008
0.005
0.006
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
20.7
22.3
28.6
27.5
23.9
23.6
27.1
26.4
26.4
26.6
26.3
26.8
27.0
27.4
27.6
28.2
27.5
27.1
27.4
28.0
27.3
27.2
26.6
27.3
27.2
26.7
27.1
27.7
27.7
27.6
Adj
City
16.4
17.5
22.4
21.9
18.9
18.8
21.6
20.8
20.7
20.8
20.6
20.9
20.8
21.1
21 2
21.6
20.8
20.4
20.4
20.9
20.4
20.1
19.6
20.0
19.8
19.5
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.4
Adj
Hwy
19.4
21 2
27 2
25.5
22.4
21.9
25 2
25.0
25.0
25.4
25.0
25.3
25.7
25.9
25.8
25.9
25.6
25.2
25.5
25.5
24.6
24.5
23.9
24.2
24.0
23.2
23 2
24.3
24.1
23.9
Adj
Comp
17.6
19.0
24.3
23.4
20.3
20.1
23.1
22.5
22.5
22.6
22.4
22.7
22.8
23.1
23.2
23.5
22.9
22.5
22.6
23.0
22.3
22.1
21.6
22.0
21.9
21.3
21.5
22.0
21.9
21.7
Weight
Lb
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
107
108
122
123
124
127
136
157
149
147
153
144
146
146
146
143
149
148
150
143
145
148
146
149
149
149
149
149
149
149
HP
70
70
75
77
80
84
83
96
93
93
100
100
100
98
102
110
109
112
115
117
129
139
134
142
142
142
142
142
142
142
0-60
Time
18.2
18.3
17.2
16.7
16.2
15.5
16.0
14.4
14.7
14.6
13.6
13.8
13.8
14.0
13.5
12.8
12.8
12.5
12.2
12.0
11.2
10.5
10.8
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
10.3
HP/
CID
0.667
0.667
0.629
0.631
0.649
0.666
0.613
0.616
0.626
0.636
0.656
0.689
0.684
0.672
0.699
0.765
0.735
0.760
0.771
0.818
0.883
0.938
0.917
0.954
0.953
0.953
0.953
0.953
0.953
0.953
HP/
WT
0.0234
0.0234
0.0249
0.0258
0.0266
0.0281
0.0278
0.0322
0.0310
0.0310
0.0334
0.0333
0.0334
0.0328
0.0340
0.0365
0.0364
0.0375
0.0385
0.0390
0.0429
0.0462
0.0446
0.0473
0.0473
0.0473
0.0473
0.0473
0.0473
0.0473
Ton-
MPG
26.6
29.0
37.0
35.5
31.2
30.7
35.6
34.4
34.3
34.5
33.9
34.3
34.4
34.9
34.9
35.4
34.5
33.9
34.1
34.6
33.5
33.3
32.5
33.1
32.8
32.0
32.3
33.0
32.8
32.6
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-83
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
31.7%
56.9%
44.0%
21.0%
16.4%
9.4%
9.9%
4.1%
4.6%
1.0%
Transmission
Manual
69.3%
84.5%
88.8%
88.1%
88.1%
93.2%
93.7%
74.1%
73.6%
74.8%
68.8%
78.9%
77.4%
77.9%
82.7%
86.3%
88.1%
85.9%
87.3%
85.5%
79.0%
72.2%
82.0%
54.3%
52.2%
47.6%
47.6%
47.2%
45.1%
42.9%
Lock
0.1%
22.7%
9.6%
11.5%
26.0%
16.7%
15.9%
15.9%
11.6%
10.7%
9.0%
9.4%
8.3%
5.3%
9.2%
2.1%
18.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
3.4%
16.8%
19.3%
20.3%
28.3%
31.0%
70.8%
51.5%
53.1%
63.2%
92.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
14.0%
33.6%
39.9%
37.0%
45.2%
10.1%
37.9%
28.2%
25.2%
Diesel
25.5%
17.0%
8.8%
4.7%
1.8%
0.9%
0.4%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
81.9%
0.1%
0.9%
Three
39.0%
99.1%
Four
18.1%
60.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-84
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
39
71
65
89
22
53
105
120
231
356
342
432
478
491
439
317
413
413
444
736
578
568
457
630
493
545
348
213
293
131
92
100
89
89
54
52
63
Frac
0.004
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.002
0.005
0.010
0.012
0.022
0.025
0.024
0.028
0.032
0.032
0.030
0.025
0.033
0.034
0.034
0.052
0.038
0.043
0.032
0.044
0.032
0.033
0.022
0.013
0.019
0.008
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.005
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.1
16.5
17.1
18.5
18.9
18.7
21.3
22.3
23.4
22.7
23.3
23.2
22.9
22.8
22.6
23.1
23.9
24.7
24.5
25.3
26.3
26.3
27.0
26.1
24.9
24.9
24.5
24.9
25.7
25.9
25.9
26.1
26.0
26.7
27.9
27.7
27.3
Adj
City
11.9
13.1
13.6
14.6
15.1
15.2
16.9
17.7
18.2
17.8
18.3
18.1
17.6
17.5
17.3
17.5
17.9
18.3
18.2
18.6
19.1
19.1
19.5
18.7
17.7
17.6
17.4
17.6
17.8
18.0
17.7
17.7
17.8
18.3
19.3
19.1
18.8
Adj
Hwy
14.4
15.5
15.9
17.4
17.5
16.8
19.8
21.0
22.5
21.7
22.3
22.0
21.9
21.8
21.5
21.9
22.8
23.4
23 2
23.7
24.6
24.6
24.9
24.1
23.0
22.9
22.3
22.3
23.5
23.1
23.5
23.9
23.5
23.8
24.5
24.5
24.2
Adj
Comp
12.9
14.1
14.6
15.8
16.1
15.9
18.1
19.0
19.9
19.4
19.9
19.7
19.4
19.3
19.0
19.4
20.0
20.5
20.4
20.9
21.6
21.6
22.0
21.2
20.2
20.1
19.7
19.9
20.6
20.6
20.6
20.8
20.6
21.1
21.9
21.8
21.5
Weight
Lb
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
348
319
328
275
209
213
247
210
178
174
180
167
178
184
195
186
199
187
186
178
167
158
154
157
162
163
161
168
154
158
167
164
161
159
154
150
153
HP
156
138
143
132
106
113
112
108
107
104
110
119
121
130
132
135
137
131
134
132
131
129
123
131
133
135
138
146
135
149
159
161
159
157
155
152
155
0-60
Time
ll.l
12.3
12.1
12.9
15.0
14.3
14.2
14.4
14.6
15.0
14.3
13.5
13.4
12.7
12.6
12.3
12.1
12.6
12.4
12.7
12.6
12.8
13.1
12.6
12.4
12.3
12.1
11.5
12.4
11.4
10.8
10.7
10.8
10.9
11.0
11.2
11.1
HP/
CID
0.447
0.440
0.442
0.497
0.531
0.557
0.472
0.545
0.618
0.615
0.641
0.726
0.696
0.719
0.696
0.741
0.712
0.719
0.738
0.752
0.804
0.828
0.815
0.840
0.827
0.842
0.867
0.884
0.889
0.944
0.960
0.984
0.995
0.991
1.011
1.016
1.014
HP/
WT
0.0445
0.0394
0.0408
0.0377
0.0304
0.0323
0.0319
0.0310
0.0305
0.0297
0.0313
0.0341
0.0347
0.0370
0.0376
0.0386
0.0393
0.0374
0.0384
0.0377
0.0375
0.0368
0.0353
0.0373
0.0380
0.0386
0.0395
0.0417
0.0385
0.0425
0.0455
0.0459
0.0455
0.0448
0.0443
0.0435
0.0444
Ton-
MPG
22.7
25.0
25.8
27.8
28.6
28.1
31.9
33.4
35.1
34.2
35.0
34.7
34.1
33.9
33.5
34.0
35.2
36.2
35.9
36.8
38.2
38.1
38.9
37.5
35.8
35.5
34.9
35.3
36.3
36.3
36.3
36.6
36.5
37.2
38.6
38.3
37.8
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-85
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
3500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
6.1%
31.5%
59.4%
62.0%
60.9%
67.4%
56.2%
55.6%
37.3%
30.7%
21.3%
18.4%
19.1%
9.0%
7.7%
7.5%
1.0%
8.5%
7.5%
5.4%
2.8%
1.4%
1.2%
Transmission
Manual
5.9%
11.9%
9.3%
20.5%
35.1%
42.1%
62.3%
80.0%
66.6%
67.5%
71.5%
69.0%
55.2%
54.0%
51.7%
52.7%
52.4%
65.1%
64.4%
63.2%
69.5%
66.2%
67.9%
57.8%
46.9%
41.0%
40.2%
34.7%
36.1%
38.5%
37.7%
35.8%
32.3%
25.7%
23.9%
16.5%
20.2%
Lock
49.3%
31.0%
16.2%
28.0%
25.4%
25.0%
30.2%
44.0%
45.2%
47.9%
47.3%
47.6%
34.9%
35.6%
36.8%
30.5%
33.8%
32.1%
42.2%
53.1%
59.0%
57.1%
60.6%
60.4%
53.7%
62.3%
64.2%
67.7%
74.3%
76.1%
83.5%
79.8%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
14.2%
35.6%
28.5%
54.5%
53.8%
77.5%
59.0%
70.5%
76.2%
86.6%
83.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
0.1%
3.5%
30.1%
30.0%
40.6%
44.0%
22.5%
41.0%
29.5%
23.8%
13.4%
16.9%
Diesel
1.6%
2.5%
0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
Number of Valves
Two
98.1%
93.1%
85.2%
90.8%
81.1%
83.9%
80.3%
65.6%
45.2%
66.8%
22.6%
22.1%
13.3%
10.8%
12.6%
1.7%
2.1%
Three
1.7%
5.9%
8.7%
Four
0.2%
6.9%
8.9%
0.5%
18.9%
16.1%
19.7%
34.4%
54.8%
33.2%
77.4%
77.9%
86.7%
89.2%
87.4%
98.3%
100.0%
97.9%
Five
WT
12.7%
51.5%
59.5%
89.2%
92.4%
98.3%
31.9%
29.4%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-86
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
733
907
855
951
606
439
587
397
332
406
385
465
271
370
369
342
353
332
313
536
292
286
425
437
420
481
437
386
396
380
293
282
209
186
97
97
107
Frac
0.072
0.073
0.061
0.066
0.044
0.039
0.056
0.041
0.032
0.029
0.027
0.030
0.018
0.024
0.026
0.027
0.028
0.027
0.024
0.038
0.019
0.022
0.029
0.030
0.028
0.029
0.028
0.024
0.025
0.024
0.018
0.019
0.014
0.013
0.010
0.009
0.009
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
14.1
15.3
16.7
16.1
15.9
18.7
19.2
18.7
18.5
18.5
18.5
19.2
19.1
19.7
20.1
20.2
20.4
20.4
20.5
20.9
20.9
21.6
21.5
21.3
20.7
20.8
20.7
20.9
21.4
21.8
23.1
23.4
22.8
23.2
24.2
23.9
23.8
Adj
City
11.0
12 2
13.4
13.0
12.9
14.9
15.2
14.9
14.7
14.6
14.8
15.2
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.1
15.2
15.1
15.2
15.4
15.4
15.7
15.5
15.3
14.9
14.9
14.8
15.0
15.2
15.2
15.9
16.1
15.7
16.0
16.7
16.6
16.5
Adj
Hwy
13.6
14.3
15.3
14.4
14.4
17.4
17.9
17.4
17.4
17.4
17.2
17.7
17.6
18.7
19.3
19.4
19.6
19.7
19.5
19.8
19.5
20.3
20.2
19.9
19.1
19.1
18.8
18.6
19.2
19.6
20.9
21.1
20.6
20.8
21.6
21.3
21.3
Adj
Comp
12.0
13.1
14.2
13.6
13.5
15.9
16.3
15.9
15.8
15.7
15.8
16.3
16.2
16.6
17.0
16.9
17.1
17.1
17.1
17.3
17.3
17.8
17.6
17.4
16.9
16.9
16.7
16.8
17.2
17.4
18.4
18.7
18.2
18.5
19.2
19.0
18.9
Weight
Lb
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
330
327
322
318
306
283
286
292
291
287
292
276
273
282
269
271
262
250
236
241
230
239
246
236
231
222
226
220
213
208
211
209
212
213
209
213
221
HP
143
135
144
144
142
127
128
130
130
127
140
134
141
154
159
162
159
154
155
169
164
173
185
178
173
171
184
183
178
189
206
202
199
199
202
205
211
0-60
Time
13.2
13.8
13.2
13.1
13.2
14.3
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.5
13.5
13.8
13.3
12.3
12.1
11.9
12.1
12.4
12.3
11.5
11.7
11.2
10.7
11.0
11.3
11.4
10.7
10.8
11.1
10.5
9.9
10.1
10.2
10.2
10.1
10.0
9.8
HP/
CID
0.433
0.412
0.445
0.453
0.465
0.451
0.451
0.446
0.446
0.442
0.479
0.505
0.530
0.555
0.607
0.612
0.623
0.628
0.669
0.715
0.727
0.734
0.756
0.766
0.755
0.779
0.819
0.836
0.844
0.910
0.978
0.970
0.941
0.938
0.974
0.965
0.960
HP/
WT
0.0358
0.0338
0.0359
0.0361
0.0356
0.0317
0.0320
0.0325
0.0324
0.0317
0.0349
0.0336
0.0353
0.0385
0.0397
0.0405
0.0397
0.0386
0.0388
0.0423
0.0411
0.0432
0.0461
0.0446
0.0431
0.0429
0.0460
0.0457
0.0445
0.0473
0.0516
0.0505
0.0498
0.0498
0.0506
0.0512
0.0527
Ton-
MPG
24.6
26.8
28.9
28.0
27.4
32.1
33.0
32.2
32.0
32.0
31.9
32.8
32.5
33.4
34.2
34.1
34.3
34.3
34.3
34.9
34.7
35.7
35.3
34.9
33.8
33.9
33.6
33.7
34.5
35.0
37.1
37.5
36.6
37.1
38.7
38.3
38.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-87
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.1%
0.0%
4WD
0.7%
1.0%
1.2%
1.1%
6.3%
5.6%
7.3%
9.4%
4.8%
6.3%
7.8%
13.5%
17.6%
18.0%
37.0%
27.6%
40.0%
32.0%
42.3%
43.7%
53.8%
44.0%
26.0%
42.1%
52.4%
45.0%
43.1%
38.1%
36.3%
41.3%
35.2%
29.8%
27.6%
31.3%
25.5%
24.1%
27.7%
Transmission
Manual
33.1%
33.8%
30.6%
30.5%
33.8%
51.5%
44.3%
32.9%
27.0%
34.2%
26.7%
36.8%
40.2%
43.2%
39.8%
36.9%
42.4%
37.3%
38.0%
38.4%
38.4%
31.7%
31.3%
35.5%
26.1%
21.0%
16.7%
19.7%
15.4%
16.3%
17.1%
17.1%
14.2%
13.9%
22.1%
16.2%
18.3%
Lock
4.8%
17.4%
35.1%
28.4%
49.0%
39.9%
32.0%
33.5%
35.5%
40.1%
54.8%
57.8%
57.6%
62.7%
62.0%
61.6%
61.6%
68.3%
68.7%
64.5%
73.9%
79.0%
83.3%
80.3%
84.6%
83.7%
82.9%
82.9%
85.8%
86.1%
77.9%
83.8%
81.7%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
13.8%
28.0%
48.8%
39.6%
28.4%
31.6%
36.0%
54.4%
68.8%
66.0%
77.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
0.0%
11.0%
17.6%
60.4%
71.6%
68.4%
64.0%
45.6%
31.2%
34.0%
22.8%
Diesel
0.7%
0.2%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
91.6%
83.0%
77.6%
89.1%
84.5%
84.0%
86.4%
78.5%
60.0%
65.5%
46.6%
22.1%
17.3%
34.1%
36.5%
18.7%
24.3%
31.4%
Three
8.4%
5.1%
6.1%
Four
17.0%
17.3%
4.8%
15.5%
16.0%
13.6%
21.5%
40.0%
34.5%
53.4%
77.9%
82.7%
65.9%
63.5%
81.3%
75.7%
68.6%
Five
WT
20.3%
72.5%
80.5%
53.6%
44.0%
52.7%
76.3%
75.6%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-88
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
180
375
539
578
631
247
210
193
247
385
428
439
353
596
641
507
435
513
614
684
744
543
611
585
624
766
518
556
511
350
374
368
252
201
105
121
124
Frac
0.018
0.030
0.038
0.040
0.045
0.022
0.020
0.020
0.024
0.027
0.030
0.029
0.024
0.039
0.044
0.040
0.035
0.042
0.046
0.048
0.049
0.041
0.042
0.040
0.041
0.046
0.033
0.034
0.032
0.022
0.024
0.024
0.017
0.014
0.011
0.011
0.010
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.8
12.6
13.7
13.6
14.2
15.7
16.8
17.1
17.0
16.8
16.8
17.4
17.2
17.8
17.8
18.0
18.1
18.4
19.0
18.7
18.6
18.9
19.8
19.8
19.9
20.0
20.0
19.8
20.2
20.5
20.8
21.3
21.4
21.5
22.1
22.0
21.8
Adj
City
9.6
10.3
11.2
11.2
11.8
12.6
13.4
13.7
13.5
13.4
13.4
13.8
13.5
13.7
13.6
13.6
13.5
13.6
13.9
13.7
13.5
13.7
14.2
14.2
14.2
14.3
14.1
14.0
14.2
14.3
14.3
14.6
14.7
14.8
15.2
15.1
15.0
Adj
Hwy
10.6
11.3
12.2
12.1
12.7
14.3
15.5
15.7
15.8
15.6
15.5
16.1
16.0
16.9
16.9
17.2
17.5
17.8
18.4
18.0
17.8
17.9
18.8
18.8
18.6
18.6
18.4
18.2
18.5
18.8
19.2
19.5
19.5
19.7
20.1
20.1
20.0
Adj
Comp
10.0
10.7
11.6
11.5
12.2
13.3
14.3
14.5
14.5
14.3
14.3
14.8
14.6
15.0
15.0
15.1
15.2
15.4
15.8
15.6
15.4
15.6
16.3
16.3
16.2
16.3
16.2
16.0
16.3
16.5
16.7
17.1
17.1
17.3
17.7
17.6
17.5
Weight
Lb
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
366
365
369
361
320
323
314
311
310
310
310
307
316
322
320
318
315
310
306
311
308
305
283
289
287
281
264
262
261
257
247
240
237
234
238
239
242
HP
166
161
169
163
146
147
147
156
151
150
159
155
168
174
174
172
176
171
177
186
182
201
212
217
224
224
210
213
212
215
227
233
233
230
239
242
240
0-60
Time
12.9
13.2
12.6
12.9
14.3
14.1
14.0
13.4
13.8
13.9
13.1
13.5
12.7
12.4
12.4
12.5
12.3
12.6
12.2
11.7
11.9
11.1
10.4
10.3
10.1
10.1
10.6
10.5
10.5
10.4
10.0
9.8
9.8
9.8
9.5
9.4
9.5
HP/
CID
0.451
0.439
0.459
0.453
0.459
0.456
0.472
0.504
0.488
0.483
0.513
0.503
0.531
0.539
0.542
0.536
0.555
0.550
0.579
0.600
0.593
0.660
0.753
0.752
0.780
0.798
0.796
0.811
0.814
0.841
0.924
0.980
0.993
0.990
1.008
1.016
0.994
HP/
WT
0.0369
0.0358
0.0377
0.0363
0.0323
0.0326
0.0327
0.0347
0.0335
0.0333
0.0354
0.0344
0.0374
0.0387
0.0388
0.0381
0.0390
0.0380
0.0394
0.0414
0.0404
0.0447
0.0472
0.0481
0.0497
0.0498
0.0468
0.0473
0.0472
0.0478
0.0505
0.0518
0.0517
0.0511
0.0531
0.0538
0.0533
Ton-
MPG
22.6
24.3
26.3
26.3
27.9
30.3
32.6
33.2
33.0
32.6
32.4
33.5
33.0
33.9
33.9
34.3
34.5
34.8
35.8
35.2
34.8
35.3
36.8
36.8
36.7
36.8
36.6
36.1
36.8
37.2
37.7
38.4
38.5
38.9
39.8
39.6
39.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-89
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
4500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
0.0%
4WD
55.4%
64.5%
58.2%
68.5%
16.4%
30.9%
25.2%
20.0%
34.0%
34.6%
33.6%
36.8%
35.5%
38.3%
37.7%
34.2%
28.6%
21.1%
16.9%
14.5%
18.4%
11.9%
16.3%
9.6%
18.1%
17.7%
16.0%
27.1%
27.6%
31.9%
35.7%
48.2%
52.3%
57.6%
77.2%
76.0%
70.1%
Transmission
Manual
51.3%
45.2%
31.0%
31.7%
25.6%
32.0%
18.6%
15.7%
21.4%
18.6%
16.9%
19.9%
21.6%
20.3%
32.4%
25.5%
23.7%
27.9%
19.5%
17.3%
26.6%
19.0%
12.5%
11.4%
9.4%
10.3%
11.0%
8.7%
12.5%
10.9%
7.6%
7.0%
7.3%
9.1%
5.8%
4.4%
7.2%
Lock
44.4%
60.3%
64.1%
55.4%
58.4%
64.9%
66.3%
45.7%
61.7%
58.1%
66.5%
75.3%
72.0%
80.5%
82.7%
73.4%
81.0%
87.5%
88.6%
90.6%
89.7%
89.0%
91.3%
87.5%
89.1%
92.4%
93.0%
92.7%
90.9%
94.2%
95.6%
92.8%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
8.0%
22.3%
41.5%
35.5%
45.1%
51.7%
48.0%
59.3%
55.4%
59.9%
58.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
45.8%
63.9%
54.7%
48.2%
51.9%
40.6%
44.6%
40.1%
41.1%
Diesel
3.5%
0.3%
2.6%
1.8%
0.8%
0.9%
0.4%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
99.3%
98.6%
98.8%
99.4%
100.0%
92.7%
90.9%
84.6%
87.8%
90.9%
61.9%
38.9%
43.8%
40.6%
15.9%
14.5%
28.1%
Three
Four
0.7%
1.4%
1.2%
0.6%
7.3%
9.1%
15.4%
12.2%
9.1%
38.1%
61.1%
56.2%
59.4%
84.1%
85.5%
71.9%
Five
WT
6.0%
38.1%
61.1%
47.4%
50.9%
39.3%
86.8%
76.7%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-90
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
122
188
172
198
404
147
53
97
69
85
92
93
74
165
129
223
138
235
258
414
453
390
573
525
628
707
929
780
870
707
679
608
444
257
98
110
320
Frac
0.012
0.015
0.012
0.014
0.029
0.013
0.005
0.010
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.011
0.009
0.018
0.011
0.019
0.020
0.029
0.030
0.030
0.040
0.036
0.041
0.043
0.059
0.048
0.055
0.045
0.043
0.040
0.029
0.019
0.011
0.010
0.026
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.0
11.7
12.9
12.8
12.9
15.9
16.9
18.9
18.0
17.4
16.3
16.3
16.0
16.4
16.0
16.4
16.2
16.7
16.9
17.0
16.8
17.3
18.2
17.6
18.1
18.4
18.6
18.7
18.9
19.2
19.4
19.9
20.0
20.3
20.8
20.9
21.6
Adj
City
9.0
9.6
10.6
10.5
10.8
12.7
13.5
15.0
14.1
13.6
12.7
12.7
12.5
12.6
12.4
12.4
12.2
12.4
12.5
12.5
12.3
12.5
13.1
12.5
13.0
13.2
13.2
13.2
13.3
13.4
13.4
13.8
13.7
14.0
14.3
14.3
14.6
Adj
Hwy
9.7
10.3
11.4
11.3
11.2
14.6
15.6
17.5
17.1
16.6
15.7
15.6
15.0
15.7
15.0
15.9
15.4
16.2
16.3
16.2
16.1
16.7
17.4
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.3
17.1
17.2
17.4
17.8
18.1
18.5
18.7
19.1
19.4
20.3
Adj
Comp
9.3
9.9
11.0
10.8
11.0
13.5
14.4
16.0
15.3
14.8
13.9
13.8
13.6
13.9
13.5
13.8
13.5
14.0
14.1
14.1
14.0
14.4
15.0
14.6
14.9
15.0
15.1
15.1
15.3
15.4
15.6
16.0
16.1
16.3
16.7
16.8
17.4
Weight
Lb
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
371
367
378
370
372
351
333
336
334
322
322
321
332
342
323
337
333
330
333
336
337
334
319
327
322
317
314
305
305
311
304
297
282
270
275
271
288
HP
165
159
167
171
158
153
141
140
150
155
162
162
183
193
187
198
198
189
199
202
202
225
229
236
245
252
255
261
259
269
272
265
245
233
244
247
287
0-60
Time
14.1
14.5
14.0
13.5
15.1
14.9
15.8
15.9
15.0
14.6
14.1
14.1
12.9
12.3
12.7
12.1
12.1
12.7
12.0
11.9
11.9
10.9
10.7
10.4
10.2
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.7
9.5
9.4
9.6
10.3
10.7
10.3
10.2
9.1
HP/
CID
0.443
0.430
0.440
0.462
0.419
0.436
0.425
0.420
0.458
0.487
0.505
0.507
0.550
0.565
0.588
0.591
0.598
0.571
0.599
0.601
0.601
0.675
0.722
0.724
0.763
0.797
0.813
0.854
0.852
0.862
0.892
0.891
0.866
0.862
0.885
0.912
1.002
HP/
WT
0.0331
0.0318
0.0334
0.0341
0.0315
0.0306
0.0282
0.0280
0.0301
0.0311
0.0324
0.0324
0.0366
0.0387
0.0373
0.0397
0.0396
0.0377
0.0399
0.0404
0.0405
0.0451
0.0459
0.0473
0.0491
0.0504
0.0509
0.0521
0.0518
0.0537
0.0545
0.0530
0.0489
0.0466
0.0488
0.0495
0.0574
Ton-
MPG
23.4
24.9
27.5
27 2
28.5
35.2
37.2
41.8
39.7
37.9
35.5
35.1
34.2
35.0
34.0
34.9
34.1
35.2
35.4
35.4
35.1
36.1
37.7
36.4
37.2
37.6
38.0
37.9
38.2
38.6
39.1
40.0
40.3
40.9
41.7
42.1
43.7
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-91
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
26.4%
26.9%
23.5%
36.6%
8.3%
53.2%
55.4%
43.4%
65.2%
74.8%
85.9%
89.6%
95.4%
74.8%
78.9%
65.5%
86.9%
78.2%
86.6%
87.0%
83.9%
70.7%
60.1%
75.4%
73.5%
78.9%
46.9%
51.3%
49.6%
46.5%
33.5%
28.9%
17.1%
16.1%
18.3%
26.1%
17.8%
Transmission
Manual
27.9%
28.8%
24.6%
32.8%
18.5%
21.5%
31.1%
26.2%
23.9%
26.8%
28.0%
22.2%
31.5%
17.8%
27.4%
13.4%
17.5%
14.7%
13.7%
10.0%
11.0%
7.8%
5.7%
5.1%
2.6%
1.6%
1.7%
2.0%
1.5%
1.4%
2.3%
3.8%
3.2%
1.8%
0.1%
1.1%
Lock
65.3%
57.2%
65.1%
66.1%
68.4%
61.2%
64.0%
47.0%
61.4%
56.9%
82.7%
78.2%
85.1%
86.3%
90.0%
89.0%
92.1%
94.3%
94.9%
97.4%
98.4%
98.3%
98.0%
98.5%
98.6%
97.7%
96.2%
96.8%
98.2%
99.9%
98.9%
89.8%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.3%
Port
4.2%
20.5%
25.5%
43.5%
23.9%
31.2%
43.8%
38.8%
45.0%
52.3%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.7%
TBI
58.7%
71.2%
55.1%
75.3%
67.9%
55.8%
61.2%
55.0%
47.7%
Diesel
0.0%
13.0%
28.8%
32.9%
56.0%
26.4%
14.7%
6.8%
3.8%
2.0%
2.1%
1.4%
0.8%
0.9%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
91.1%
95.9%
94.5%
95.3%
90.9%
85.0%
79.8%
89.7%
91.7%
89.3%
82.5%
79.9%
Three
0.3%
0.2%
0.4%
3.8%
3.2%
5.1%
5.0%
Four
8.9%
4.1%
5.5%
4.7%
8.8%
14.8%
19.8%
6.5%
5.0%
5.6%
12.5%
20.1%
Five
WT
0.3%
15.0%
20.2%
20.8%
1.7%
5.3%
28.6%
73.9%
Hybrid
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-92
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
53
102
91
120
83
14
2
17
10
8
5
3
1
1
1
1
3
9
9
21
29
65
275
112
130
72
258
280
271
539
549
570
688
707
461
532
799
Frac
0.005
0.008
0.006
0.008
0.006
0.001
0.000
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.005
0.019
0.008
0.009
0.004
0.017
0.017
0.017
0.034
0.035
0.038
0.045
0.051
0.050
0.048
0.065
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
10.0
11.4
11.8
12.1
11.3
13.3
13.3
22.4
22.1
21.9
21.1
21.1
21.1
16.9
19.2
18.6
17.5
16.3
17.0
16.9
15.9
15.3
17.0
16.4
16.3
16.2
16.3
17.0
17.2
17.9
18.3
18.7
19.5
20.1
20.4
20.8
21.2
Adj
City
8.3
9.3
9.7
10.0
9.5
10.7
10.5
17.5
17.3
17.3
16.5
16.4
16.3
13.4
14.8
14.3
13.2
12.2
12.6
12.5
11.6
11.0
12.1
11.7
11.5
11.3
11.5
11.9
12.1
12.5
12.6
13.0
13.5
13.7
13.9
14.1
14.3
Adj
Hwy
8.7
10.2
10.4
10.8
9.8
12.2
12.4
21.3
21.2
20.5
20.2
20.1
20.1
15.2
17.9
17.2
16.7
15.6
16.3
15.9
15.2
15.0
16.6
16.0
15.9
15.9
15.5
16.0
15.9
16.5
16.8
17.3
18.0
18.6
19.2
19.7
20.1
Adj
Comp
8.5
9.7
10.0
10.3
9.6
11.3
11.3
19.1
18.9
18.6
18.0
17.9
17.9
14.2
16.1
15.6
14.7
13.7
14.2
14.1
13.2
12.8
14.1
13.6
13.5
13.4
13.4
13.9
13.9
14.5
14.7
15.1
15.7
16.2
16.5
16.8
17.1
Weight
Lb
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
374
383
396
377
401
353
351
350
379
379
379
379
379
363
370
370
364
353
352
364
358
345
347
330
344
347
340
322
319
316
319
313
317
319
317
315
315
HP
171
171
183
172
192
165
143
130
130
130
130
130
130
178
153
159
176
200
199
205
215
225
240
226
242
244
251
255
264
287
292
283
297
311
309
313
330
0-60
Time
14.9
14.9
14.1
14.6
13.8
14.9
16.5
18.1
18.1
18.1
18.1
18.1
18.1
14.4
16.6
15.8
14.6
12.9
13.0
12.6
12.2
11.7
11.1
11.7
11.1
11.0
10.7
10.6
10.4
9.8
9.6
9.8
9.4
9.1
9.1
9.0
8.7
HP/
CID
0.452
0.443
0.458
0.457
0.473
0.467
0.407
0.371
0.343
0.343
0.343
0.343
0.343
0.495
0.417
0.434
0.489
0.570
0.569
0.568
0.605
0.655
0.693
0.684
0.704
0.705
0.740
0.795
0.827
0.901
0.913
0.902
0.934
0.974
0.974
0.994
1.056
HP/
WT
0.0310
0.0311
0.0333
0.0312
0.0348
0.0299
0.0260
0.0236
0.0236
0.0236
0.0236
0.0236
0.0236
0.0324
0.0278
0.0289
0.0321
0.0364
0.0363
0.0373
0.0392
0.0410
0.0437
0.0410
0.0440
0.0444
0.0456
0.0464
0.0479
0.0521
0.0531
0.0515
0.0541
0.0566
0.0561
0.0569
0.0600
Ton-
MPG
23.4
26.8
27.8
28.4
26.8
31.3
31.1
52.4
51.9
51.2
49.5
49.3
49.1
40.7
45.4
44.1
41.7
38.1
39.4
39.0
36.5
35.3
38.9
37.5
37.1
36.9
36.9
38.4
38.4
40.0
40.6
41.6
43.3
44.9
45.4
46.4
47.3
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-93
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
5500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
84.9%
87.1%
76.0%
91.0%
3.9%
84.0%
44.3%
100.0%
100.0%
97.0%
83.2%
84.4%
80.0%
97.8%
100.0%
94.8%
97.5%
99.6%
99.9%
95.5%
96.8%
99.1%
99.7%
94.7%
92.7%
85.8%
97.7%
73.6%
65.6%
43.3%
60.5%
56.6%
48.5%
46.9%
46.1%
44.3%
44.1%
Transmission
Manual
1.1%
2.9%
1.0%
0.4%
40.8%
44.1%
62.0%
16.7%
10.0%
13.1%
11.9%
14.5%
7.7%
62.7%
36.0%
41.0%
8.7%
30.4%
13.3%
14.9%
9.4%
3.9%
0.7%
3.9%
3.5%
2.2%
1.8%
1.1%
0.9%
0.8%
0.5%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
Lock
40.9%
83.3%
90.0%
86.9%
88.1%
85.5%
92.3%
37.3%
64.0%
59.0%
91.3%
69.2%
86.7%
85.1%
90.6%
95.3%
99.3%
96.1%
96.5%
97.8%
98.2%
98.9%
99.1%
99.2%
99.5%
99.7%
99.8%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
97.1%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.6%
Port
0.7%
16.0%
47.8%
79.9%
96.2%
99.8%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.4%
TBI
54.9%
31.7%
32.0%
52.2%
86.5%
84.0%
52.2%
20.1%
Diesel
0.0%
0.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
45.1%
68.3%
68.0%
47.8%
12.8%
3.8%
0.2%
0.3%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
72.6%
67.0%
66.6%
76.3%
81.5%
84.5%
67.4%
79.9%
Three
21.4%
19.5%
18.8%
10.8%
7.0%
12.3%
23.7%
Four
6.0%
13.6%
14.6%
13.0%
11.5%
3.2%
8.9%
20.1%
Five
WT
21.4%
33.0%
33.4%
23.7%
18.6%
17.4%
77.5%
96.8%
Hybrid
0.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-94
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
1
46
200
2
6
146
112
376
311
260
430
355
174
364
316
Frac
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.013
0.000
0.000
0.009
0.007
0.024
0.020
0.017
0.028
0.026
0.019
0.033
0.026
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
12.6
10.9
9.9
19.6
19.6
21.2
20.5
19.5
18.1
18.1
18.7
18.7
15.6
16.8
15.8
15.8
17.5
17.6
18.1
18.0
17.6
18.5
18.7
19.2
19.5
20.7
Adj
City
10.4
9.0
8.1
16.0
16.1
17.3
16.4
15.6
13.6
13.4
13.7
13.7
10.9
12.0
10.8
10.9
12.3
12.3
12.6
12.5
12.3
12.8
12.8
13.2
13.4
14.2
Adj
Hwy
ll.l
9.7
8.8
17.5
16.7
18.0
17.8
16.7
16.7
16.9
17.4
17.3
15.6
16.1
16.0
15.8
16.3
16.5
16.6
16.4
16.1
17.2
17.4
17.8
18.0
19.2
Adj
Comp
10.7
9.3
8.4
16.6
16.4
17.6
17.0
16.1
15.0
15.0
15.4
15.4
13.0
13.9
13.1
13.1
14.3
14.3
14.6
14.5
14.2
15.0
15.1
15.5
15.7
16.7
Weight
Lb
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
325
390
350
379
379
379
379
379
395
395
395
395
359
350
352
343
329
329
325
326
329
333
334
328
326
286
HP
154
153
155
130
140
126
135
140
180
180
180
180
234
254
242
239
283
295
290
294
298
325
334
320
324
356
0-60
Time
16.8
17.9
16.9
18.8
17.8
19.3
18.3
17.8
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
12.2
11.4
11.8
11.9
10.5
10.1
10.3
10.2
10.0
9.4
9.2
9.5
9.4
8.6
HP/
CID
0.474
0.386
0.443
0.343
0.369
0.332
0.356
0.369
0.455
0.455
0.456
0.456
0.651
0.727
0.688
0.698
0.861
0.895
0.894
0.901
0.906
0.974
0.999
0.973
0.991
1.286
HP/
WT
0.0256
0.0255
0.0258
0.0217
0.0233
0.0210
0.0225
0.0233
0.0299
0.0300
0.0300
0.0300
0.0389
0.0424
0.0404
0.0398
0.0472
0.0491
0.0484
0.0490
0.0497
0.0541
0.0557
0.0533
0.0539
0.0593
Ton-
MPG
32.3
27.9
25 2
49.8
49.2
52.8
51.1
48.4
45.1
45.0
46.2
46.1
38.9
41.6
39.3
39.3
42.9
43.1
43.8
43.5
42.7
45.0
45.3
46.6
47.1
50.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-95
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
6000
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
3.7%
62.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
71.3%
69.1%
87.8%
88.5%
93.0%
83.6%
86.2%
94.5%
95.6%
93.9%
Transmission
Manual
77.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
1.0%
0.5%
0.5%
0.1%
3.0%
17.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Lock
100.0%
99.0%
99.5%
100.0%
100.0%
99.5%
99.9%
97.0%
83.0%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.8%
99.6%
97.6%
CVT
1.2%
0.4%
2.4%
Fuel Metering
GDI
29.8%
Port
100.0%
100.0%
98.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
70.2%
TBI
Diesel
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
1.6%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.7%
100.0%
36.1%
32.1%
17.0%
35.5%
23.0%
32.5%
5.9%
13.1%
Three
63.9%
67.9%
83.0%
40.3%
39.3%
57.7%
68.3%
Four
2.3%
24.2%
37.7%
9.8%
25.8%
86.9%
Five
WT
63.9%
67.9%
83.0%
64.5%
78.0%
76.8%
42.6%
100.0%
Hybrid
1.2%
0.4%
2.4%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-96
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
1
3
0
0
0
15
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.8
12.0
16.3
15.2
15.1
16.0
16.3
Adj
City
9.7
9.5
11.4
10.6
10.6
11.0
11.4
Adj
Hwy
10.4
11.3
14.9
14.2
13.9
15.0
15.0
Adj
Comp
10.0
10.3
13.2
12.4
12.2
13.0
13.2
Weight
Lb
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Vol
Cu-Ft
Engine
CID
322
368
330
330
330
330
378
HP
153
150
300
445
445
445
415
0-60
Time
18.3
18.5
10.6
7.7
7.7
7.7
8.2
HP/
CID
0.475
0.408
0.909
1.348
1.348
1.348
1.098
HP/
WT
0.0235
0.0231
0.0462
0.0685
0.0685
0.0685
0.0638
Ton-
MPG
32.6
33.3
42.8
40.2
39.8
42.2
42.9
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-97
March 2012
-------
Unilird $I«1#$
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix G: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Weight Class
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Weight
Class
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
6500
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Transmission
Manual
Lock
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
Three
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Four
Five
WT
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
93.2%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
G-98
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
539
561
774
1075
1283
2804
3236
3568
3784
5737
6648
7831
8267
8768
8267
7455
7096
6551
7195
7113
7702
6847
7244
6984
7380
7831
7549
7447
6968
6673
7101
6787
7459
6684
5405
5956
6296
Frac
0.065
0.058
0.068
0.096
0.119
0.297
0.370
0.455
0.471
0.534
0.610
0.707
0.763
0.808
0.815
0.839
0.810
0.784
0.805
0.813
0.793
0.817
0.814
0.815
0.818
0.791
0.791
0.785
0.780
0.771
0.781
0.748
0.798
0.782
0.838
0.833
0.816
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
23.4
24.0
26.2
26.8
26.4
26.9
28.6
30.2
30.3
29.7
29.4
29.9
29.7
30.0
29.3
28.6
28.9
28.4
29.0
28.9
29.2
29.0
29.1
29.2
28.7
28.8
28.9
29.3
29.8
29.8
30.6
30.4
31.2
31.5
32.7
34.0
34.4
Adj City
18.1
18.9
20.3
20.9
20.7
20.8
22.2
23.2
23.5
23.0
22.6
22.8
22.6
22.5
21.8
21.1
21.2
20.5
20.8
20.6
20.6
20.3
20.3
20.2
19.8
19.7
19.7
19.9
20.1
19.9
20.3
20.2
20.8
21.0
21.8
22.7
22.8
Adj Hwy
22.9
22.9
25.5
25.7
25.1
26.3
27.7
29.7
29.5
29.0
28.9
29.4
29.1
29.3
28.8
28.3
28.4
28.2
28.5
28.4
28.9
28.5
28.5
28.5
28.0
27.8
27.7
27.7
28.1
28.0
28.3
28.3
28.8
29.1
30.0
30.9
31.6
Adj
Comp
20.0
20.5
22.3
22.8
22.5
23.0
24.4
25.7
25.9
25.3
25.1
25.4
25.2
25.3
24.6
24.0
24.2
23.7
24.1
24.0
24.2
23.9
23.9
23.9
23.4
23.4
23.4
23.5
23.9
23.8
24.2
24.1
24.7
24.9
25.8
26.7
27.1
Weight Lb
2790
2844
2707
2590
2634
2645
2646
2665
2682
2752
2825
2844
2869
2911
2980
3082
3046
3120
3109
3144
3155
3199
3196
3243
3308
3316
3353
3338
3341
3397
3379
3448
3463
3477
3441
3455
3495
Vol Cu-Ft
93.8
94.4
94.6
100.4
103.0
101.7
104.2
105.4
106.5
107.0
106.2
106.2
107.0
106.7
106.3
107.2
107.6
107.6
108.6
108.6
108.3
108.9
109.3
110.4
111.1
112.0
111.8
112.8
113.6
114.0
113.9
113.8
113.8
114.6
115.6
Engine
cro
147.0
163.1
142.3
129.4
137.4
137.6
133.4
126.7
129.5
133.0
142.3
139.9
139.7
141.8
146.9
151.3
148.8
157.1
154.5
152.7
154.3
153.1
152.8
154.3
156.8
155.8
157.6
157.3
154.8
159.3
155.0
158.1
155.0
154.1
147.3
146.1
146.4
HP
88
95
88
82
84
86
85
83
86
90
98
100
103
107
115
123
124
131
130
133
144
147
149
151
156
159
160
164
164
171
167
175
175
177
173
174
178
0-60
Time
14.8
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.5
14.4
14.2
14.6
14.4
14.1
13.5
13.5
13.3
13.0
12.6
12.1
12.1
11.7
11.8
11.7
11.0
11.0
10.9
10.8
10.7
10.6
10.6
10.4
10.3
10.1
10.2
10.0
10.0
9.9
10.0
9.9
9.8
HP/
cro
0.704
0.680
0.692
0.693
0.674
0.652
0.672
0.677
0.681
0.694
0.712
0.730
0.752
0.775
0.803
0.844
0.859
0.868
0.871
0.895
0.956
0.974
0.985
0.998
1.012
1.031
1.033
1.058
1.078
1.093
1.094
1.124
1.141
1.158
1.176
1.189
1.223
HP/
WT
0.0303
0.0319
0.0315
0.0310
0.0312
0.0320
0.0321
0.0310
0.0317
0.0325
0.0344
0.0347
0.0354
0.0364
0.0381
0.0397
0.0402
0.0416
0.0414
0.0417
0.0450
0.0454
0.0458
0.0462
0.0467
0.0473
0.0474
0.0487
0.0488
0.0499
0.0491
0.0503
0.0500
0.0503
0.0495
0.0497
0.0504
Ton-
MPG
27.6
28.8
30.6
30.1
29.8
30.7
32.6
34.5
35.0
35.2
35.7
36.4
36.3
36.9
36.8
37.1
36.9
37.2
37.5
37.8
38.2
38.2
38.3
38.8
38.8
38.8
39.3
39.5
40.1
40.6
41.3
42.0
43.2
43.8
44.8
47.2
48.2
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-l
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2264
2308
2211
2363
2566
2658
2751
2725
2722
2758
2703
2719
2666
2591
2604
2580
2626
2613
2656
2620
2611
2621
2580
2596
2624
2659
2697
2712
2794
2790
2866
2896
2979
3144
3199
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2876
2838
2835
3087
3349
3512
3641
3709
3800
3894
3855
3928
3942
3967
3932
3987
4045
4068
4152
4159
4148
4226
4250
4286
4372
4420
4487
4581
4694
4784
4925
4992
5091
5411
5566
Transmission
Manual
64.3%
59.7%
68.2%
66.2%
57.2%
45.5%
45.2%
40.0%
36.4%
30.3%
26.3%
27.1%
26.1%
25.5%
21.7%
19.7%
21.0%
18.5%
18.7%
17.4%
16.8%
14.6%
13.2%
11.5%
9.9%
9.7%
9.5%
9.3%
9.9%
8.2%
7.8%
7.7%
6.5%
6.1%
5.4%
3.8%
6.3%
Lockup
2.4%
4.2%
6.4%
2.1%
32.2%
38.9%
42.4%
48.6%
52.4%
56.5%
64.6%
68.6%
73.1%
73.7%
75.4%
76.3%
78.8%
82.4%
84.4%
86.0%
88.0%
89.4%
89.4%
89.3%
90.0%
88.3%
89.4%
89.1%
88.9%
81.5%
79.8%
81.3%
78.3%
74.4%
CVT
0.2%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%
0.5%
1.8%
2.1%
3.0%
3.4%
12.0%
14.1%
13.3%
16.1%
16.1%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.3%
2.0%
1.9%
5.4%
10.3%
Port
17.6%
18.9%
31.3%
31.0%
19.6%
9.5%
5.4%
5.0%
5.8%
8.6%
21.0%
33.1%
38.0%
48.5%
58.0%
75.2%
77.5%
90.3%
91.9%
93.9%
98.6%
98.7%
99.0%
99.7%
99.8%
99.7%
99.7%
99.6%
99.6%
99.7%
99.6%
99.3%
99.7%
98.0%
97.4%
93.6%
88.9%
TBI
1.6%
1.8%
13.9%
25.1%
27.9%
33.5%
34.2%
36.7%
35.1%
31.4%
23.6%
22.3%
9.7%
8.1%
6.1%
1.4%
1.3%
0.9%
0.2%
0.1%
Diesel
2.8%
3.6%
5.6%
6.8%
5.4%
2.7%
1.3%
1.6%
0.7%
0.3%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.7%
0.7%
1.0%
0.8%
Number of Valves
Two
94.3%
82.1%
76.9%
73.1%
65.6%
64.6%
65.5%
62.1%
56.2%
46.3%
38.8%
39.1%
37.0%
33.4%
33.2%
33.5%
29.7%
25.0%
21.1%
20.9%
17.7%
14.0%
10.9%
6.3%
3.8%
4.7%
Three
4.5%
11.7%
11.1%
12.9%
5.4%
7.3%
5.5%
3.5%
2.2%
1.3%
1.1%
1.0%
0.9%
1.1%
0.9%
0.4%
0.3%
Four
1.3%
6.1%
12.0%
14.0%
29.0%
28.1%
29.0%
34.5%
41.6%
52.4%
60.1%
59.9%
61.5%
64.3%
64.5%
64.2%
67.9%
72.4%
77.2%
78.3%
82.2%
86.0%
89.1%
93.7%
96.2%
95.3%
Five
0.0%
0.5%
1.2%
1.4%
2.0%
2.1%
2.6%
1.7%
0.7%
0.1%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-2
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
1.9%
3.4%
3.8%
7.7%
9.9%
11.6%
9.6%
17.1%
16.0%
22.6%
26.4%
34.2%
42.0%
44.6%
52.4%
60.6%
66.3%
66.2%
81.7%
94.6%
96.8%
Hybrid
0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
0.7%
1.1%
2.4%
2.2%
4.0%
4.1%
3.4%
6.3%
6.7%
Vehicle Size
Small
87.4%
86.9%
89.5%
93.6%
87.0%
67.8%
68.1%
71.0%
68.3%
69.0%
63.3%
62.5%
66.3%
67.5%
61.0%
61.1%
64.1%
61.6%
60.4%
61.2%
60.4%
56.3%
57.1%
48.9%
47.3%
46.3%
47.5%
44.2%
46.2%
41.9%
40.0%
41.5%
37.9%
37.6%
39.7%
39.5%
30.5%
Midsize
8.3%
8.8%
6.1%
4.2%
13.0%
32.2%
31.9%
29.0%
31.7%
31.0%
29.4%
28.5%
24.7%
23.8%
29.3%
28.8%
27.3%
27.3%
29.7%
26.4%
27.5%
33.2%
31.0%
41.4%
42.3%
36.5%
37.2%
40.7%
39.5%
42.9%
44.9%
40.6%
46.9%
43.9%
43.3%
44.1%
48.0%
Large
4.3%
4.4%
4.4%
2.2%
7.2%
9.1%
9.0%
8.7%
9.7%
10.1%
8.5%
11.1%
9.9%
12.4%
12.1%
10.6%
11.9%
9.7%
10.4%
17.2%
15.3%
15.1%
14.3%
15.2%
15.1%
17.9%
15.2%
18.5%
17.0%
16.4%
21.5%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-3
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
7726
9192
10571
10138
9498
6558
5439
4206
4008
4890
4023
3136
2451
1996
1774
1341
1542
1720
1646
1598
1898
1414
1509
1406
1452
1879
1727
1719
1693
1567
1525
1822
1423
1327
666
832
956
Frac
0.935
0.942
0.932
0.904
0.878
0.694
0.623
0.537
0.499
0.456
0.369
0.283
0.226
0.184
0.175
0.151
0.176
0.206
0.184
0.183
0.195
0.169
0.170
0.164
0.161
0.190
0.181
0.181
0.189
0.181
0.168
0.201
0.152
0.155
0.103
0.116
0.124
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
15.4
17.2
17.9
19.3
19.6
22.3
23.4
23.3
22.5
23.1
23.4
23.8
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.7
24.1
23.0
23.5
24.0
23.1
23.2
23.2
23.2
23.4
23.4
22.6
23.3
23.3
23.6
24.1
24.0
24.7
25.2
25.5
26.9
Adj City
12.0
13.5
14.1
15.1
15.4
17.4
18.3
18.0
17.2
17.6
17.8
17.9
17.5
17.4
17.3
17.3
17.3
17.5
16.6
16.8
17.0
16.3
16.3
16.3
16.2
16.2
16.2
15.6
15.8
15.7
15.8
16.1
15.9
16.4
16.7
16.8
17.7
Adj Hwy
14.8
16.3
16.9
18.6
18.6
21.4
22.6
22.8
22.4
23.1
23.5
23.9
23.8
23.8
23.7
23.5
23.6
23.8
22.8
23.4
23.9
22.9
22.7
22.5
22.4
22.4
22.3
21.5
22 2
22.3
22.6
23.1
23.1
23.7
24.4
24.8
26.2
Adj
Comp
13.2
14.6
15.2
16.5
16.7
19.0
20.0
19.9
19.2
19.7
20.0
20.2
20.0
19.9
19.9
19.8
19.9
20.1
19.2
19.6
19.9
19.1
19.1
19.1
19.0
19.1
19.1
18.4
18.9
18.8
19.1
19.4
19.4
19.9
20.4
20.6
21.7
Weight Lb
4147
4134
4036
3696
3604
3297
3334
3383
3544
3515
3578
3548
3607
3681
3699
3717
3729
3755
3825
3818
3808
3928
3882
3851
3870
3806
3816
3989
4001
3995
4066
4039
4042
4028
3991
4034
3974
Vol Cu-Ft
111.6
110.6
110.8
106.0
108.6
109.9
113.6
110.2
111.0
108.1
108.2
111.2
112.2
108.9
110.9
114.6
115.9
113.1
111.3
114.9
114.0
112.2
113.5
110.8
111.0
115.0
111.0
111.1
111.4
111.9
108.8
108.3
105.2
107.3
104.6
Engine
cro
298.3
294.2
289.3
264.5
252.6
209.5
211.1
216.1
235.3
233.4
238.6
238.1
239.4
246.1
243.1
233.8
236.5
225.1
241.0
243.6
228.3
247.2
234.9
236.1
237.4
229.3
223.5
232.8
233.2
233.1
236.6
235.2
237.7
230.4
233.5
242.2
226.2
HP
140
136
137
129
124
107
107
112
123
125
135
139
147
156
152
158
172
175
186
191
189
195
196
203
207
210
212
225
238
239
252
259
267
268
279
287
295
0-60
Time
14.1
14.4
13.9
13.6
13.7
14.2
14.4
14.1
13.6
13.3
12.7
12.4
12.0
11.7
11.9
11.7
10.9
10.9
10.6
10.3
10.4
10.3
10.1
9.8
9.7
9.5
9.4
9.2
8.9
8.8
8.6
8.4
8.2
8.2
8.0
7.8
7.5
HP/
cro
0.501
0.491
0.503
0.521
0.527
0.554
0.548
0.553
0.550
0.570
0.600
0.627
0.662
0.677
0.673
0.731
0.768
0.820
0.800
0.813
0.864
0.810
0.860
0.880
0.901
0.943
0.979
0.989
1.043
1.049
1.106
1.125
1.151
1.188
1.221
1.207
1.327
HP/
WT
0.0333
0.0325
0.0336
0.0345
0.0342
0.0323
0.0320
0.0330
0.0346
0.0355
0.0376
0.0392
0.0408
0.0426
0.0415
0.0428
0.0461
0.0465
0.0486
0.0500
0.0494
0.0498
0.0507
0.0527
0.0538
0.0551
0.0557
0.0568
0.0599
0.0602
0.0625
0.0644
0.0663
0.0664
0.0696
0.0713
0.0740
Ton-
MPG
27.5
30.3
31.0
30.6
30.2
31.5
33.5
33.9
34.3
34.9
35.9
36.0
36.1
36.7
36.9
36.9
37.1
37.9
37.0
37.5
38.1
37.7
37.3
37.0
37.0
36.5
36.5
36.7
37.9
37.7
38.8
39.4
39.3
40.3
40.8
41.7
43.4
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-4
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1744
1864
1880
2042
2203
2216
2201
2192
2230
2193
2167
2220
2238
2158
2206
2318
2240
2222
2226
2202
2186
2144
2157
2124
2116
2101
2089
2090
2125
2184
2106
2158
2154
2219
2286
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3464
3398
3364
3359
3670
3760
3916
3861
4016
3922
3940
4128
4180
4066
4165
4387
4317
4275
4255
4351
4262
4150
4197
4055
4065
4239
4233
4226
4373
4452
4301
4390
4334
4498
4579
Transmission
Manual
16.6%
14.6%
13.1%
15.0%
15.9%
24.4%
20.3%
19.4%
14.4%
16.1%
15.1%
17.0%
18.1%
16.5%
15.7%
18.3%
16.7%
12.6%
11.3%
14.2%
13.8%
13.7%
14.1%
13.0%
12.5%
13.4%
12.1%
11.5%
11.2%
12.2%
10.4%
10.5%
11.4%
9.9%
9.2%
11.9%
12.6%
Lockup
0.1%
7.4%
9.2%
23.4%
53.3%
67.8%
76.1%
77.5%
76.8%
74.5%
73.4%
76.1%
75.6%
72.6%
75.6%
81.9%
83.9%
79.9%
80.7%
82.6%
84.3%
86.9%
87.1%
85.1%
87.6%
88.3%
88.8%
87.7%
89.4%
89.2%
88.6%
88.3%
87.9%
87.1%
85.0%
CVT
0.0%
0.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
0.3%
4.7%
11.5%
16.8%
24.4%
Port
4.2%
2.2%
2.2%
2.3%
2.7%
4.9%
6.6%
9.1%
13.3%
22.5%
22.3%
45.0%
57.7%
76.8%
80.4%
88.8%
75.1%
83.4%
89.8%
98.3%
98.6%
99.8%
99.8%
99.8%
99.7%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.6%
99.7%
99.5%
95.0%
88.1%
83.0%
74.2%
TBI
0.3%
3.1%
6.4%
14.0%
20.5%
30.6%
16.2%
12.0%
8.2%
14.0%
8.3%
24.4%
16.2%
10.0%
1.6%
1.1%
0.3%
Diesel
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.6%
1.6%
3.5%
6.3%
6.4%
2.9%
1.7%
1.2%
0.3%
1.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
0.2%
0.0%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.3%
0.3%
0.2%
1.4%
Number of Valves
Two
97.6%
96.2%
95.7%
89.9%
79.1%
81.0%
69.7%
82.5%
77.2%
62.9%
73.2%
60.5%
61.3%
61.4%
57.7%
52.8%
46.3%
40.0%
42.4%
34.0%
27.4%
28.3%
21.7%
22.9%
27.8%
12.6%
Three
1.4%
5.0%
4.8%
0.2%
0.8%
6.6%
6.4%
4.8%
7.9%
7.8%
10.6%
6.6%
10.1%
7.1%
5.6%
3.4%
3.2%
2.8%
0.0%
Four
2.4%
3.8%
2.8%
5.0%
16.1%
18.8%
30.3%
17.5%
22.8%
37.0%
26.8%
38.7%
32.1%
32.1%
37.6%
39.2%
45.9%
49.3%
50.9%
55.8%
65.4%
66.1%
74.9%
73.9%
69.4%
87.4%
Five
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-5
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
4.0%
4.7%
8.7%
8.0%
8.2%
8.5%
8.8%
16.0%
16.7%
15.8%
18.3%
26.5%
28.0%
35.7%
42.5%
44.4%
52.9%
54.1%
54.9%
64.4%
61.7%
83.7%
Hybrid
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
Vehicle Size
Small
53.1%
53.4%
49.1%
39.4%
37.6%
48.0%
41.0%
43.7%
35.7%
42.3%
39.7%
49.5%
50.7%
50.0%
42.5%
40.9%
40.4%
29.5%
27.2%
37.5%
36.8%
29.8%
33.1%
38.7%
34.5%
41.4%
42.3%
39.0%
40.2%
38.4%
36.7%
37.7%
40.8%
40.4%
49.5%
53.7%
55.1%
Midsize
24.5%
26.3%
26.0%
37.6%
37.2%
35.8%
39.4%
33.1%
34.1%
28.9%
31.1%
28.8%
26.3%
19.2%
26.3%
31.6%
31.0%
39.0%
48.1%
36.9%
42.9%
45.2%
44.1%
40.8%
41.5%
38.2%
32.9%
31.3%
32.9%
35.4%
32.9%
27.9%
30.0%
27.7%
20.2%
21.0%
22.7%
Large
22.5%
20.3%
24.9%
22.9%
25.1%
16.2%
19.6%
23.3%
30.2%
28.9%
29.2%
21.6%
23.0%
30.8%
31.2%
27.6%
28.6%
31.5%
24.8%
25.6%
20.3%
25.0%
22.8%
20.5%
24.0%
20.4%
24.9%
29.7%
27.0%
26.2%
30.4%
34.4%
29.2%
31.9%
30.3%
25.3%
22.3%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-6
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
37
85
62
63
245
107
224
116
118
89
97
86
118
90
100
36
109
118
144
179
186
190
273
318
276
410
462
461
463
535
378
359
461
Frac
0.003
0.009
0.007
0.008
0.031
0.010
0.021
0.010
0.011
0.008
0.010
0.010
0.013
0.011
0.011
0.004
0.011
0.014
0.016
0.021
0.021
0.019
0.029
0.034
0.031
0.047
0.051
0.051
0.050
0.063
0.059
0.050
0.060
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
27.6
20.9
24.3
25.3
31.6
27.6
32.5
26.9
26.8
28.8
28.9
26.8
26.6
25.9
28.0
26.2
27.7
26.7
27.3
26.5
26.2
26.3
25.2
25.8
26.2
24.8
25.0
25.4
25.6
25.9
26.7
26.7
27.3
Adj City
21.7
16.7
19.4
20.1
25.3
21.9
25.7
21.1
20.9
22.4
22.3
20.3
19.9
19.2
20.7
19.2
20.0
19.1
19.3
18.7
18.2
18.4
17.5
17.7
17.8
16.8
16.8
17.1
17.1
17.3
17.9
17.8
18.2
Adj Hwy
26.1
19.2
22.5
23.4
29.0
25.9
30.5
25.3
25.1
26.5
26.7
25.4
25.2
24.5
26.3
24.7
26.3
25.4
26.0
25.2
25.2
24.7
23.8
24.4
24.7
23.4
23.4
23.7
24.0
24.3
24.9
25.0
25.7
Adj
Comp
23.5
17.8
20.7
21.5
26.8
23.5
27.7
22.8
22.7
24.2
24.2
22.5
22 2
21.5
23.2
21.6
22.8
21.9
22.3
21.6
21.4
21.3
20.5
20.8
21.1
19.9
20.1
20.3
20.5
20.7
21.3
21.3
21.8
Weight Lb
2500
3149
2930
3122
2689
2913
2584
2929
2928
2827
2845
3234
3289
3492
3217
3443
3310
3397
3397
3526
3558
3603
3831
3828
3801
4010
3966
3994
3992
3956
3919
4059
4076
Vol Cu-Ft
100.5
100.8
102.7
103.1
98.9
106.6
115.8
113.2
114.7
109.2
95.3
115.7
109.5
109.1
111.2
117.3
115.4
118.6
119.3
120.8
119.8
119.0
115.2
112.8
113.4
117.8
121.0
120.0
114.9
113.4
110.5
110.8
109.8
Engine
cro
97.0
172.6
156.9
164.9
118.5
135.4
101.4
120.2
115.4
112.2
114.8
124.9
129.9
140.3
127.5
140.4
135.2
145.4
147.2
149.1
149.2
152.7
156.9
155.3
153.7
173.9
177.5
182.6
186.1
185.4
179.8
189.4
185.8
HP
67
80
83
85
75
80
72
92
92
98
107
120
145
191
130
140
143
153
160
169
172
181
200
201
194
219
226
235
240
243
237
257
260
0-60
Time
16.0
16.8
15.4
16.0
15.7
16.0
15.9
14.5
14.5
13.4
12.6
12.8
11.6
9.8
12.1
12.0
11.3
11.0
10.6
10.4
10.3
10.0
9.8
9.7
10.0
9.6
9.2
9.0
8.9
8.7
8.9
8.5
8.5
HP/
cro
0.691
0.541
0.576
0.564
0.675
0.643
0.703
0.789
0.811
0.890
0.948
0.959
1.104
1.400
1.008
0.991
1.056
1.045
1.086
1.136
1.152
1.191
1.292
1.320
1.272
1.278
1.294
1.309
1.294
1.314
1.322
1.368
1.419
HP/
WT
0.0268
0.0257
0.0284
0.0271
0.0279
0.0274
0.0275
0.0312
0.0313
0.0346
0.0378
0.0367
0.0433
0.0552
0.0400
0.0404
0.0430
0.0449
0.0470
0.0479
0.0481
0.0501
0.0523
0.0528
0.0509
0.0545
0.0568
0.0586
0.0597
0.0608
0.0599
0.0627
0.0632
Ton-
MPG
29.4
28.0
30.3
33.4
36.3
34.4
36.1
33.5
33.3
34.2
34.7
36.3
36.5
37.6
37.2
37.3
37.7
37.3
38.0
38.2
38.1
38.4
39.4
39.9
40.2
40.0
39.8
40.6
41.0
41.1
41.8
43.4
44.7
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-7
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
2360
1880
2224
2266
2722
2605
3259
2618
2632
2678
2305
2615
2456
2380
2587
2557
2640
2624
2684
2627
2577
2555
2375
2362
2416
2359
2444
2455
2368
2370
2373
2388
2425
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
2950
2819
3117
3439
3586
3672
4181
3793
3821
3754
3291
4212
4008
4104
4156
4385
4361
4451
4549
4621
4576
4588
4565
4531
4580
4766
4845
4890
4721
4663
4623
4819
4919
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
53.5%
73.3%
67.5%
55.8%
59.2%
54.0%
72.4%
69.7%
76.8%
60.9%
45.8%
42.4%
49.3%
32.6%
36.5%
30.7%
32.5%
27.9%
24.3%
22.7%
25.4%
27.7%
27.5%
18.9%
17.2%
14.2%
13.3%
13.7%
11.3%
9.0%
7.2%
8.4%
Lockup
26.7%
32.5%
14.5%
35.4%
36.7%
0.0%
0.5%
6.2%
15.4%
45.1%
45.0%
38.0%
63.9%
61.6%
69.3%
67.5%
72.1%
75.7%
77.1%
74.4%
71.9%
72.2%
81.1%
82.7%
78.8%
81.5%
80.3%
88.1%
90.7%
81.4%
75.2%
CVT
2.4%
3.1%
0.1%
0.8%
7.0%
5.2%
6.0%
0.6%
10.1%
11.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
10.7%
24.9%
29.6%
41.3%
Port
1.0%
7.8%
9.8%
34.7%
27.6%
35.2%
78.1%
82.1%
87.5%
100.0%
93.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.7%
89.1%
75.0%
70.4%
58.7%
TBI
6.8%
44.3%
21.0%
17.9%
12.5%
6.6%
Diesel
0.3%
0.2%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
94.9%
75.2%
58.2%
28.6%
15.1%
37.7%
14.6%
83.3%
5.8%
15.4%
11.3%
1.2%
1.2%
1.3%
3.6%
1.1%
0.2%
0.4%
0.6%
0.4%
Three
5.1%
14.7%
1.1%
5.9%
5.2%
0.5%
2.0%
3.7%
2.9%
2.1%
10.0%
6.5%
4.9%
0.2%
Four
10.1%
40.7%
65.5%
79.6%
61.9%
83.3%
16.7%
94.2%
84.6%
84.8%
77.8%
70.9%
69.0%
56.7%
72.1%
72.8%
70.4%
83.1%
88.3%
98.2%
99.6%
99.6%
99.4%
99.6%
Five
4.0%
21.0%
27.9%
31.0%
39.6%
25.1%
25.1%
19.6%
9.1%
3.2%
0.5%
0.2%
0.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-8
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
2.4%
1.4%
17.9%
22.7%
23.7%
32.9%
30.3%
36.6%
40.8%
39.1%
59.6%
53.4%
46.6%
63.1%
98.4%
98.4%
Hybrid
0.4%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
Vehicle Size
Small
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
93.1%
90.3%
94.9%
95.3%
77.1%
95.0%
97.3%
97.7%
93.8%
98.4%
55.1%
44.4%
45.3%
36.7%
36.7%
32.0%
39.9%
59.5%
60.6%
54.7%
42.3%
41.0%
44.5%
44.1%
57.7%
45.3%
50.4%
Midsize
6.9%
9.7%
5.1%
4.7%
22.9%
5.0%
2.7%
2.3%
6.2%
1.6%
44.9%
55.6%
54.7%
63.3%
63.3%
67.6%
59.4%
40.3%
38.2%
28.6%
37.4%
36.8%
39.3%
45.5%
34.5%
43.1%
39.3%
Large
0.3%
0.7%
0.2%
1.1%
16.7%
20.4%
22.2%
16.2%
10.5%
7.8%
11.7%
10.3%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-9
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1
1
151
260
255
307
411
439
590
395
554
718
742
1019
1040
819
1166
1112
1363
854
1048
1029
826
1321
1047
795
734
346
538
502
Frac
0.003
0.002
0.223
0.304
0.244
0.275
0.363
0.344
0.468
0.382
0.454
0.498
0.523
0.613
0.738
0.647
0.783
0.760
0.806
0.693
0.843
0.835
0.866
0.892
0.898
0.938
0.929
0.941
0.963
0.910
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
17.9
39.0
24.7
23.7
24.4
24.6
24.1
24.1
23.9
23.8
23.8
23.8
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.5
23.8
23.5
23.8
24.3
24.0
24.4
24.3
24.4
24.7
24.4
24.9
25.3
25.2
26.9
Adj City
13.8
33.5
19.6
18.9
19.2
19.1
18.3
18.4
17.9
17.9
17.6
17.4
17.1
16.9
16.7
16.7
16.7
16.4
16.5
16.7
16.5
16.6
16.3
16.3
16.5
16.3
16.6
16.8
16.8
17.9
Adj Hwy
17.5
32.3
23.1
21.9
22.8
23.1
23.1
22.8
23.0
22.5
22.7
22.9
22.5
22.8
22.7
22.7
23.1
22.9
23.0
23.3
22.9
23.2
23.4
23.3
23.7
23.4
23.8
24.1
24.0
25.3
Adj
Comp
15.2
32.9
21.0
20.1
20.7
20.8
20.3
20.2
20.0
19.9
19.8
19.8
19.5
19.5
19.4
19.4
19.6
19.3
19.5
19.8
19.5
19.7
19.6
19.6
19.9
19.7
20.1
20.3
20.3
21.5
Weight Lb
4115
2250
3341
3422
3442
3503
3714
3724
3828
3919
3894
3838
3902
3889
4061
4048
4025
4147
4168
4242
4319
4293
4428
4392
4424
4449
4500
4543
4511
4450
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
318.0
97.0
143.3
148.3
150.3
163.4
173.3
167.9
184.3
186.3
187.5
188.0
193.4
206.3
202.6
195.4
201.5
204.2
201.6
200.9
206.8
209.2
212.0
212.5
212.6
217.1
217.8
212 2
212.2
210.8
HP
135
52
97
100
100
122
133
131
135
136
139
143
145
146
166
162
173
176
178
189
198
199
212
208
210
225
219
219
211
263
0-60
Time
13.7
18.3
15.3
15.2
15.4
13.6
13.2
13.5
13.3
13.5
13.2
12.7
12.7
12.6
11.8
12.0
11.3
11.4
11.4
10.9
10.8
10.6
10.4
10.5
10.4
10.0
10.4
10.4
10.6
8.8
HP/
cro
0.425
0.536
0.680
0.681
0.669
0.741
0.765
0.776
0.733
0.727
0.742
0.763
0.755
0.722
0.824
0.832
0.864
0.863
0.888
0.946
0.959
0.955
1.007
0.984
0.992
1.040
1.009
1.038
1.003
1.243
HP/
WT
0.0329
0.0231
0.0293
0.0294
0.0291
0.0347
0.0359
0.0350
0.0354
0.0346
0.0355
0.0373
0.0373
0.0375
0.0409
0.0400
0.0431
0.0423
0.0427
0.0447
0.0458
0.0464
0.0480
0.0474
0.0475
0.0505
0.0486
0.0481
0.0466
0.0588
Ton-
MPG
31.3
37.2
35.3
34.5
35.7
36.4
37.7
37.7
38.4
38.9
38.6
37.9
38.1
37.9
39.4
39.2
39.4
40.1
40.5
42.0
42.1
42.3
43.5
43.2
44.1
43.8
45.2
46.2
45.8
47.9
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-10
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
33.3%
25.1%
12.4%
8.7%
5.5%
3.0%
2.6%
1.9%
0.2%
2.4%
1.6%
0.6%
0.1%
0.0%
0.1%
0.3%
0.2%
Lockup
5.6%
4.4%
6.1%
54.1%
78.4%
58.8%
96.7%
99.8%
97.6%
98.4%
99.4%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.0%
96.6%
96.8%
99.9%
99.7%
99.8%
94.2%
CVT
3.0%
3.4%
3.2%
5.8%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
0.1%
51.6%
79.2%
72.7%
67.9%
70.5%
82.0%
88.8%
90.8%
93.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
0.1%
0.2%
20.8%
27.3%
32.1%
29.5%
18.0%
11.2%
9.2%
6.8%
Diesel
100.0%
1.3%
Number of Valves
Two
99.7%
96.7%
94.4%
92.5%
88.0%
83.6%
73.2%
67.4%
66.3%
69.1%
42.7%
62.0%
51.8%
46.1%
46.9%
39.3%
47.3%
Three
Four
0.3%
3.3%
5.6%
7.5%
12.0%
16.4%
26.8%
32.6%
33.7%
30.9%
57.3%
38.0%
48.2%
53.9%
53.1%
60.7%
52.7%
100.0%
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-ll
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
10.8%
18.6%
24.5%
24.7%
23.5%
50.1%
26.2%
38.6%
51.0%
50.0%
48.1%
36.9%
95.0%
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Small
100.0%
11.0%
6.7%
9.0%
8.4%
2.9%
2.2%
2.9%
1.6%
6.1%
1.7%
1.0%
0.2%
0.1%
2.2%
6.4%
3.7%
Midsize
100.0%
89.0%
93.3%
91.0%
91.6%
97.1%
97.8%
97.1%
98.4%
93.9%
98.3%
99.0%
99.7%
99.9%
99.8%
100.0%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
99.9%
99.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.8%
93.6%
96.3%
100.0%
Large
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.4%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-12
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
457
502
514
625
481
242
244
311
382
525
593
776
786
713
830
589
526
600
658
585
492
336
387
274
311
282
272
157
141
81
79
66
28
24
13
12
23
Frac
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.997
1.000
0.998
0.777
0.693
0.743
0.705
0.630
0.649
0.467
0.509
0.491
0.456
0.413
0.296
0.239
0.306
0.184
0.213
0.167
0.221
0.126
0.114
0.085
0.054
0.057
0.033
0.031
0.034
0.021
0.042
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
13.1
13.9
14.7
14.2
13.5
16.6
17.5
17.3
17.7
17.7
18.0
19.5
19.6
19.8
19.8
19.3
20.1
19.8
20.2
19.5
19.0
19.2
19.8
19.5
18.9
19.1
18.9
18.7
19.4
20.1
19.9
19.4
20.0
20.3
20.5
20.7
18.4
Adj City
10.6
11.1
11.9
11.6
11.1
13.3
14.0
13.9
14.1
14.0
14.3
15.3
15.2
15.1
15.0
14.5
15.0
14.7
14.9
14.3
13.9
13.9
14.2
13.9
13.5
13.6
13.3
13.2
13.6
13.9
13.8
13.4
13.8
14.1
14.2
14.3
12.7
Adj Hwy
11.9
12.8
13.3
12.7
12.1
15.4
16.0
15.9
16.5
16.6
16.8
18.4
18.7
19.0
19.1
18.6
19.3
19.0
19.5
18.6
18.0
18.2
18.8
18.5
17.8
17.8
17.9
17.2
17.7
18.5
18.2
17.7
18.4
18.3
18.5
18.9
17.1
Adj
Comp
11.1
11.8
12.5
12.1
11.5
14.1
14.8
14.7
15.1
15.1
15.3
16.6
16.6
16.7
16.7
16.2
16.8
16.6
16.9
16.2
15.7
15.9
16.3
16.0
15.5
15.6
15.4
15.1
15.6
16.2
16.0
15.6
16.1
16.2
16.4
16.6
14.8
Weight Lb
4196
4200
4252
4250
4541
4353
4325
4342
4418
4286
4222
4198
4169
4256
4239
4369
4305
4360
4351
4439
4536
4560
4579
4759
4822
4719
4958
4807
4931
4947
4847
5139
5159
5189
5185
5249
5557
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
317.5
323.7
331.8
329.2
321.9
287.9
283.9
286.9
294.7
279.7
275.1
255.1
253.0
262.1
256.8
269.9
248.9
255.6
249.1
268.4
288.8
272.9
269.1
280.0
285.1
283.0
289.6
284.2
283.2
280.9
277.0
281.0
277.5
277.2
276.6
279.7
301.9
HP
143
146
152
149
144
131
129
132
136
134
142
137
151
155
155
162
157
163
166
176
186
185
200
209
208
208
225
213
218
222
214
226
220
222
220
226
252
0-60
Time
13.9
13.7
13.3
13.4
14.6
15.2
15.3
15.2
15.0
14.8
14.0
14.2
13.1
12.9
13.0
12.8
12.9
12.7
12.5
12.1
11.7
11.9
11.2
11.1
11.3
11.1
10.8
11.0
11.1
10.9
11.1
11.1
11.5
11.5
11.6
11.4
10.9
HP/
cro
0.448
0.447
0.458
0.453
0.451
0.459
0.458
0.463
0.466
0.497
0.533
0.559
0.622
0.615
0.627
0.619
0.664
0.664
0.692
0.669
0.660
0.691
0.748
0.750
0.731
0.735
0.779
0.752
0.767
0.785
0.769
0.800
0.785
0.794
0.786
0.799
0.832
HP/
WT
0.0341
0.0347
0.0359
0.0351
0.0317
0.0299
0.0298
0.0303
0.0307
0.0311
0.0335
0.0327
0.0362
0.0366
0.0366
0.0372
0.0366
0.0375
0.0383
0.0397
0.0414
0.0406
0.0436
0.0441
0.0431
0.0440
0.0454
0.0445
0.0441
0.0448
0.0442
0.0438
0.0424
0.0425
0.0420
0.0426
0.0453
Ton-
MPG
23.8
25.2
26.9
26.1
26.5
31.0
32.3
32.3
33.7
32.9
32.9
35.1
34.9
35.7
35.7
35.6
36.4
36.3
36.8
36.1
35.8
36.3
37.4
38.1
37.3
36.9
38.3
36.5
38.6
39.9
38.6
40.0
41.5
42.0
42.6
43.5
41.3
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-13
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
23.3%
20.5%
14.3%
13.0%
14.8%
26.0%
21.7%
15.7%
12.0%
12.7%
8.4%
6.9%
5.1%
3.1%
2.5%
1.6%
1.5%
0.7%
0.8%
0.3%
Lockup
6.8%
39.0%
46.8%
45.8%
59.4%
57.1%
66.5%
78.8%
74.1%
79.6%
86.3%
90.4%
94.3%
95.2%
95.6%
94.7%
94.4%
93.2%
98.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
8.6%
9.1%
29.4%
43.0%
43.5%
49.9%
44.4%
53.1%
60.3%
66.3%
66.6%
71.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
1.8%
6.5%
4.6%
3.0%
3.5%
4.0%
4.2%
21.9%
42.8%
56.0%
50.0%
55.4%
46.7%
39.6%
33.7%
33.4%
28.4%
Diesel
1.8%
4.4%
1.2%
0.4%
0.5%
0.1%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
97.4%
96.7%
94.7%
96.9%
97.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Three
0.2%
3.2%
2.2%
Four
2.4%
3.3%
2.1%
0.9%
2.3%
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-14
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
29.1%
26.2%
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Small
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
1.8%
6.5%
4.6%
4.8%
3.6%
12.6%
12.3%
8.5%
10.0%
4.9%
2.2%
1.1%
0.8%
Midsize
66.1%
61.4%
61.0%
63.8%
65.1%
53.8%
56.1%
58.0%
60.2%
54.3%
60.3%
70.9%
72.2%
75.9%
80.7%
80.6%
84.8%
84.5%
83.8%
80.9%
79.2%
67.4%
64.4%
51.8%
45.4%
40.5%
19.8%
29.3%
29.4%
31.4%
35.1%
4.5%
27.4%
Large
33.6%
38.3%
38.6%
35.8%
33.1%
39.7%
39.3%
37.2%
36.2%
33.1%
27.4%
20.6%
17.8%
19.2%
17.1%
18.2%
14.4%
15.5%
16.2%
19.1%
20.8%
32.6%
35.6%
48.2%
54.6%
59.5%
80.2%
70.7%
70.6%
68.6%
64.9%
100.0%
100.0%
95.5%
100.0%
100.0%
72.6%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-15
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
3
13
21
9
9
83
113
67
65
91
150
33
59
48
40
46
107
38
62
47
81
53
25
32
9
9
27
Frac
0.003
0.013
0.019
0.008
0.007
0.066
0.109
0.055
0.045
0.064
0.091
0.023
0.047
0.032
0.027
0.027
0.087
0.030
0.050
0.049
0.055
0.045
0.029
0.040
0.025
0.016
0.048
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
25.0
25.1
24.2
26.2
23.4
20.1
20.6
20.3
20.3
20.7
21.7
20.0
20.0
20.2
20.4
20.5
17.3
19.8
20.7
21.6
22.4
22.7
22.7
22.3
21.4
21.1
23.0
Adj City
19.2
19.1
19.0
20.0
17.9
15.2
15.5
15.1
15.0
15.1
15.7
14.5
14.3
14.4
14.4
14.5
12.1
13.8
14.3
14.8
15.4
15.5
15.6
15.2
14.7
14.6
15.6
Adj Hwy
24.8
24.8
22.4
25.1
22.0
19.1
19.6
19.3
19.5
19.9
20.9
19.0
19.0
19.3
19.3
19.2
16.5
18.8
19.5
20.1
20.6
20.9
20.8
20.6
19.5
19.3
21.3
Adj
Comp
21.4
21.4
20.5
22.1
19.7
16.9
17.2
16.9
16.9
17.2
18.0
16.5
16.4
16.6
16.7
16.7
14.2
16.1
16.8
17.4
18.0
18.2
18.2
17.9
17.1
16.9
18.4
Weight Lb
3000
3000
3459
3378
3567
4050
4076
4409
4571
4408
4210
4727
4693
4713
4747
4764
5614
4772
4839
4731
4645
4669
4695
4651
4824
4919
4873
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
122.0
122.0
127.8
124.9
135.6
201.6
199.6
212.4
229 2
219.1
208.5
244.0
242.7
238.4
250.5
252.5
300.4
239.7
238.7
228.5
206.4
205.5
214.2
226.3
241.8
250.0
218.0
HP
88
88
94
97
106
151
152
162
174
169
159
177
179
180
186
181
241
195
202
222
213
214
238
270
275
278
268
0-60
Time
14.9
14.9
15.8
15.2
15.1
12.7
12.6
12.9
12.5
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.4
12.4
12.1
12.4
11.3
11.7
11.6
10.5
10.7
10.7
9.9
8.8
8.9
9.0
9.2
HP/
cro
0.721
0.721
0.739
0.777
0.781
0.765
0.778
0.774
0.765
0.781
0.775
0.735
0.741
0.762
0.745
0.717
0.805
0.824
0.854
0.994
1.051
1.052
1.129
1.211
1.169
1.146
1.240
HP/
WT
0.0293
0.0293
0.0276
0.0289
0.0299
0.0375
0.0374
0.0366
0.0381
0.0383
0.0378
0.0375
0.0380
0.0382
0.0393
0.0380
0.0428
0.0411
0.0416
0.0471
0.0460
0.0459
0.0507
0.0582
0.0574
0.0569
0.0552
Ton-
MPG
32.0
32.0
35.6
37.2
35.1
34.2
35.2
37.3
38.7
37.8
37.9
39.0
38.6
39.2
39.7
39.9
40.0
39.1
41.0
41.5
41.9
42.5
42.7
41.6
41.3
41.6
44.9
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-16
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
100.0%
100.0%
66.4%
89.7%
59.4%
3.2%
4.6%
3.3%
0.2%
0.5%
0.4%
0.1%
Lockup
22.9%
10.3%
37.2%
92.5%
95.4%
96.7%
99.5%
99.5%
99.6%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
55.2%
62.4%
48.4%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
44.8%
37.6%
51.6%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
67.5%
100.0%
100.0%
85.0%
85.9%
91.1%
100.0%
97.5%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
15.0%
14.1%
8.9%
2.5%
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
65.1%
83.0%
84.7%
89.8%
82.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
44.4%
25.2%
23.1%
15.9%
12.6%
26.8%
34.8%
6.3%
Three
31.7%
10.9%
11.8%
8.0%
Four
3.2%
6.2%
3.6%
2.2%
17.9%
55.6%
74.8%
76.9%
84.1%
87.4%
73.2%
65.2%
93.7%
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-17
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Van
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
55.6%
30.0%
39.3%
32.5%
41.0%
73.2%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Small
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
82.6%
8.4%
3.8%
9.3%
0.3%
4.0%
2.9%
0.4%
Midsize
17.4%
91.6%
96.2%
90.7%
99.4%
96.0%
97.1%
99.6%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
28.9%
100.0%
88.4%
90.7%
95.2%
92.4%
84.1%
87.4%
73.2%
65.2%
93.7%
Large
0.3%
71.1%
11.6%
9.3%
4.8%
7.6%
15.9%
12.6%
26.8%
34.8%
6.3%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-18
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
8
47
119
111
121
180
Frac
0.003
0.016
0.043
0.074
0.057
0.076
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
22.5
23.6
24.2
24.0
25.2
25.0
Adj City
15.3
15.7
16.0
16.0
16.9
16.7
Adj Hwy
21.0
22.7
23.7
22.9
23.7
23.7
Adj
Comp
18.1
19.0
19.6
19.3
20.2
20.1
Weight Lb
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
5000
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
154.0
214.7
216.5
217.7
219.0
219.4
HP
208
262
265
287
282
301
0-60
Time
11.5
9.6
9.5
8.9
8.9
8.5
HP/
cro
1.351
1.222
1.223
1.319
1.288
1.370
HP/
WT
0.0416
0.0525
0.0530
0.0574
0.0564
0.0602
Ton-
MPG
45.2
47.7
49.2
48.4
50.9
50.4
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-19
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
Lockup
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
95.1%
97.6%
CVT
4.9%
2.4%
Fuel Metering
GDI
43.4%
88.9%
93.7%
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
56.6%
11.1%
6.3%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-20
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
4.9%
2.4%
Vehicle Size
Small
Midsize
4.9%
2.4%
Large
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
95.1%
97.6%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-21
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
2
4
5
6
98
17
11
15
21
34
39
39
36
41
42
41
25
24
46
56
65
59
134
150
332
261
237
339
500
532
381
289
384
275
97
136
191
Frac
0.011
0.020
0.019
0.017
0.261
0.092
0.079
0.107
0.083
0.060
0.063
0.056
0.047
0.048
0.052
0.065
0.029
0.033
0.055
0.043
0.043
0.042
0.071
0.076
0.152
0.110
0.103
0.113
0.160
0.148
0.126
0.108
0.129
0.099
0.064
0.064
0.081
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
10.1
11.0
11.0
11.8
11.0
14.1
15.8
19.4
17.6
17.1
17.3
17.4
17.2
17.2
17.6
17.4
17.2
16.7
16.9
17.0
17.2
17.9
18.5
17.9
17.9
18.5
18.1
18.6
18.4
18.5
19.0
19.1
20.0
19.8
20.4
20.8
21.8
Adj City
8.4
8.9
9.0
9.9
9.2
11.1
12.6
14.7
13.7
13.2
13.2
13.2
13.0
12.9
12.9
12.7
12.7
12.3
12.4
12.4
12.5
12.8
13.2
12.7
12.7
13.1
13.0
12.9
12.8
12.8
13.0
13.1
13.6
13.4
13.7
14.0
14.7
Adj Hwy
8.8
9.9
9.8
10.1
9.4
13.3
14.5
19.6
17.1
16.7
17.2
17.2
17.0
17.2
17.8
17.6
17.2
16.3
16.4
16.4
16.6
17.5
17.9
17.4
17.2
17.5
16.6
17.7
17.3
17.1
17.8
18.0
19.0
18.9
19.5
19.8
20.9
Adj
Comp
8.5
9.3
9.4
10.0
9.3
12.0
13.4
16.5
15.0
14.6
14.8
14.8
14.6
14.6
14.9
14.7
14.5
14.0
14.1
14.1
14.3
14.9
15.3
14.8
14.8
15.1
14.7
15.2
15.0
14.9
15.3
15.5
16.2
16.1
16.5
16.8
17.6
Weight Lb
5256
5245
5243
5227
5219
5189
5000
5253
5151
5077
5092
5063
5481
5501
5503
5510
5514
5499
5500
5500
5370
5303
5171
5136
5256
5344
5521
5534
5579
5497
5508
5410
5800
5699
5705
5678
5790
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
427.6
422.4
426.5
424.7
371.7
350.0
334.1
341.8
351.2
348.5
348.5
348.2
348.6
350.8
350.7
350.6
350.8
350.0
350.0
350.0
350.0
350.0
331.4
322.6
318.5
296.5
320.6
311.8
302.8
311.6
305.4
299.0
315.6
311.4
315.0
304.3
313.2
HP
223
215
219
179
151
165
168
147
154
158
161
162
205
193
208
209
208
210
210
210
195
250
240
232
247
244
265
272
267
277
287
281
300
308
309
292
322
0-60
Time
11.6
12.2
11.9
13.5
15.8
14.3
13.7
16.1
15.2
14.7
14.4
14.3
12.6
13.3
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.4
12.4
12.4
12.9
10.4
10.6
10.8
10.5
10.7
10.3
10.1
10.3
10.0
9.7
9.7
9.7
9.5
9.4
9.9
9.1
HP/
cro
0.519
0.502
0.508
0.425
0.404
0.471
0.503
0.433
0.444
0.456
0.465
0.468
0.589
0.551
0.594
0.595
0.593
0.600
0.600
0.600
0.557
0.714
0.725
0.721
0.790
0.838
0.827
0.872
0.887
0.890
0.944
0.945
0.952
0.986
0.978
0.960
1.044
HP/
WT
0.0427
0.0412
0.0421
0.0344
0.0288
0.0319
0.0336
0.0283
0.0302
0.0313
0.0319
0.0322
0.0375
0.0352
0.0379
0.0379
0.0378
0.0382
0.0382
0.0382
0.0364
0.0472
0.0464
0.0452
0.0469
0.0457
0.0479
0.0491
0.0480
0.0505
0.0522
0.0520
0.0518
0.0539
0.0539
0.0511
0.0559
Ton-
MPG
22.5
24.7
24.8
26.2
24.4
31.0
33.6
44.6
40.5
37.7
38.1
37.8
40.1
40.2
41.0
40.5
40.1
38.4
38.9
38.9
38.4
39.4
39.5
38.1
38.9
40.6
40.7
42.1
41.7
41.1
42.3
41.9
47.2
46.0
47.3
47.8
51.2
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-22
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
13.8%
15.0%
12.5%
18.9%
17.7%
16.8%
1.9%
Lockup
1.6%
83.2%
98.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.6%
97.3%
99.5%
92.5%
CVT
1.4%
2.7%
0.5%
2.9%
Fuel Metering
GDI
1.3%
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
98.7%
TBI
96.6%
97.4%
97.7%
98.0%
97.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Diesel
50.6%
30.1%
15.4%
9.2%
6.3%
3.4%
2.6%
2.3%
2.0%
2.9%
Number of Valves
Two
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
86.7%
84.2%
84.7%
81.6%
73.7%
65.9%
52.4%
42.7%
76.8%
65.7%
82.9%
57.7%
61.7%
Three
10.7%
13.7%
17.6%
24.4%
10.9%
14.0%
6.6%
17.0%
13.4%
Four
2.6%
2.1%
15.3%
18.4%
26.3%
34.1%
30.0%
32.8%
12.3%
20.3%
10.5%
25.2%
24.9%
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-23
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
2.1%
3.3%
9.6%
21.0%
37.6%
56.4%
24.6%
36.6%
28.8%
62.8%
100.0%
Hybrid
1.4%
2.7%
0.5%
2.9%
Vehicle Size
Small
Midsize
6.8%
0.3%
0.2%
10.7%
2.7%
0.7%
1.0%
12.4%
4.0%
4.0%
2.4%
2.8%
Large
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
93.2%
100.0%
99.7%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
89.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
97.3%
99.3%
99.0%
87.6%
96.0%
96.0%
97.6%
97.2%
100.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-24
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
158
208
234
336
278
164
123
129
233
531
592
666
733
810
765
594
839
726
780
1235
1439
1343
1754
1834
1859
2110
2072
2672
2631
3070
2643
2384
2540
2376
1301
1873
1987
Frac
0.989
0.980
0.981
0.983
0.739
0.908
0.921
0.893
0.917
0.940
0.937
0.944
0.953
0.952
0.948
0.935
0.971
0.967
0.945
0.957
0.957
0.958
0.929
0.924
0.848
0.890
0.897
0.887
0.840
0.852
0.874
0.889
0.855
0.858
0.862
0.880
0.843
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
12.9
13.9
15.2
14.5
13.0
15.7
16.9
17.0
18.6
19.2
19.7
20.3
20.7
20.4
19.8
19.8
20.1
19.5
19.7
19.4
19.4
19.7
19.8
19.7
20.0
19.8
20.2
20.2
20.5
20.6
21.0
21.5
22.2
22.8
24.3
25.0
25.2
Adj City
10.6
11.3
12.3
11.7
10.8
12.6
13.5
13.6
14.6
15.1
15.4
15.9
16.0
15.7
15.2
15.0
15.1
14.5
14.6
14.4
14.3
14.3
14.3
14.2
14.3
14.1
14.4
14.2
14.3
14.2
14.4
14.8
15.2
15.6
16.6
17.1
17.2
Adj Hwy
11.5
12.5
13.7
13.2
11.4
14.2
15.6
15.8
17.8
18.2
19.1
19.3
19.7
19.3
18.7
18.8
19.2
18.6
18.7
18.3
18.2
18.7
18.5
18.6
18.6
18.3
18.5
18.6
19.0
19.1
19.4
19.7
20.4
20.9
22 2
22.7
23.1
Adj
Comp
11.0
11.8
12.9
12.3
11.1
13.3
14.4
14.5
15.9
16.3
16.8
17.3
17.5
17.2
16.7
16.6
16.8
16.3
16.4
16.1
16.0
16.3
16.3
16.2
16.3
16.1
16.4
16.3
16.6
16.6
16.9
17.2
17.8
18.2
19.4
19.9
20.1
Weight Lb
4169
4293
4201
4251
4329
4135
4135
4403
4188
3979
4014
3886
3795
3819
4005
3998
4117
4162
4267
4278
4275
4335
4393
4414
4411
4536
4472
4585
4670
4704
4676
4670
4713
4665
4467
4480
4597
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
329.0
336.8
334.7
341.7
325.0
288.6
286.3
300.5
257.4
223.1
210.4
200.3
204.1
214.3
237.3
226.3
230.0
231.9
238.7
240.2
241.2
258.1
250.0
249.4
241.3
247.4
231.9
237.8
239.3
244.7
236.5
230.6
233.0
223.6
205.3
204.9
209.9
HP
146
140
143
149
143
127
128
130
124
119
120
125
134
142
153
151
160
168
177
179
178
188
187
188
197
202
208
224
228
237
238
236
248
245
237
238
252
0-60
Time
13.2
14.0
13.5
13.2
13.9
14.8
14.5
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
14.2
13.4
12.9
12.5
12.6
12.3
11.9
11.6
11.6
11.6
11.3
11.4
11.4
11.0
11.0
10.6
10.2
10.2
10.0
9.9
9.9
9.7
9.7
9.6
9.6
9.4
HP/
cro
0.440
0.412
0.425
0.433
0.442
0.451
0.456
0.443
0.513
0.561
0.594
0.666
0.688
0.691
0.671
0.701
0.712
0.741
0.761
0.763
0.761
0.744
0.770
0.781
0.847
0.842
0.930
0.962
0.978
0.989
1.026
1.038
1.085
1.109
1.167
1.177
1.218
HP/
WT
0.0361
0.0332
0.0345
0.0353
0.0336
0.0306
0.0313
0.0300
0.0300
0.0299
0.0297
0.0323
0.0352
0.0370
0.0385
0.0381
0.0391
0.0409
0.0421
0.0422
0.0420
0.0436
0.0426
0.0428
0.0448
0.0446
0.0466
0.0489
0.0489
0.0503
0.0508
0.0504
0.0523
0.0521
0.0528
0.0528
0.0544
Ton-
MPG
22.6
25.1
26.9
26.0
23.9
27.6
29.8
32.7
33.8
33.0
34.2
33.8
33.3
32.9
33.6
33.2
34.7
33.9
35.0
34.5
34.3
35.3
35.7
35.8
36.0
36.5
36.6
37.4
38.6
38.9
39.5
40.5
42.0
42.7
43.5
44.9
46.4
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-25
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
42.9%
33.6%
34.6%
32.8%
39.2%
47.2%
45.0%
37.0%
37.0%
32.5%
32.3%
41.7%
42.1%
36.6%
27.5%
31.3%
22.4%
22.4%
20.2%
15.9%
15.3%
6.2%
11.4%
8.5%
7.3%
5.8%
4.8%
4.1%
2.9%
2.8%
2.6%
2.8%
2.5%
2.0%
1.3%
2.1%
2.0%
Lockup
18.8%
35.1%
37.4%
48.2%
37.4%
55.6%
50.9%
48.5%
55.3%
63.8%
65.0%
76.0%
76.7%
78.8%
84.1%
84.7%
93.8%
88.6%
91.5%
92.7%
94.2%
95.2%
95.8%
95.4%
95.8%
95.6%
92.2%
91.9%
91.8%
86.7%
86.2%
84.0%
CVT
0.1%
1.8%
1.4%
1.8%
5.0%
5.6%
6.3%
12.0%
11.3%
11.3%
Fuel Metering
GDI
2.5%
5.4%
12.9%
16.2%
Port
4.8%
27.8%
35.1%
50.2%
49.5%
60.9%
63.9%
76.7%
87.5%
88.5%
87.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
99.7%
99.7%
99.7%
96.9%
94.0%
86.3%
83.0%
TBI
1.1%
22.1%
36.3%
31.1%
42.9%
33.3%
35.5%
23.3%
12.5%
11.5%
12.2%
Diesel
0.3%
2.6%
13.2%
5.6%
1.7%
1.2%
1.4%
0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.6%
0.6%
0.8%
0.8%
Number of Valves
Two
86.0%
83.2%
88.2%
80.5%
79.6%
72.2%
77.7%
56.5%
52.4%
45.7%
44.1%
36.7%
29.2%
35.5%
27.7%
16.5%
15.5%
15.5%
Three
5.6%
0.9%
1.9%
1.6%
1.4%
0.6%
2.7%
5.4%
0.8%
0.6%
0.4%
1.2%
1.1%
Four
8.4%
16.8%
11.8%
19.5%
20.4%
26.9%
22.3%
41.5%
46.0%
52.9%
54.7%
60.3%
65.2%
63.7%
71.7%
83.1%
83.3%
83.4%
Five
0.6%
0.3%
0.2%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-26
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Track SUV
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
3.7%
2.8%
14.9%
25.7%
34.3%
39.7%
48.4%
58.0%
55.1%
59.2%
69.2%
85.7%
92.0%
Hybrid
0.2%
3.0%
1.4%
2.7%
1.8%
1.8%
2.5%
Vehicle Size
Small
30.0%
24.7%
24.3%
23.1%
32.8%
37.0%
34.7%
24.5%
18.3%
26.7%
19.5%
26.5%
31.6%
30.8%
25.3%
27.4%
10.6%
11.1%
12.2%
10.2%
11.4%
5.9%
21.8%
12.7%
13.4%
12.7%
11.9%
8.9%
7.7%
6.7%
6.4%
5.6%
5.3%
6.1%
4.2%
5.1%
4.7%
Midsize
69.1%
73.5%
74.3%
75.3%
60.9%
58.7%
62.4%
70.7%
77.7%
70.5%
77.5%
70.6%
65.6%
65.7%
70.5%
67.5%
85.9%
81.9%
77.1%
80.6%
77.1%
80.5%
54.7%
63.4%
65.1%
61.0%
54.2%
41.9%
51.3%
53.5%
50.7%
53.7%
49.5%
54.6%
61.9%
61.2%
53.7%
Large
0.9%
1.8%
1.4%
1.6%
6.3%
4.3%
2.9%
4.8%
4.0%
2.8%
3.0%
2.9%
2.8%
3.5%
4.2%
5.2%
3.5%
7.0%
10.7%
9.2%
11.5%
13.6%
23.4%
24.0%
21.5%
26.2%
34.0%
49.1%
41.0%
39.7%
42.9%
40.7%
45.2%
39.3%
34.0%
33.7%
41.6%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-27
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
26
33
32
31
12
0
0
0
Frac
0.018
0.023
0.022
0.019
0.006
0.000
0.000
0.000
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
31.3
36.9
33.0
31.1
28.1
20.0
20.8
20.9
Adj City
24.8
29.1
25.8
23.8
21.2
14.5
15.2
14.4
Adj Hwy
29.4
34.8
31.7
31.0
28.6
21.4
21.9
22.7
Adj
Comp
26.7
31.4
28.1
26.5
24.0
17.0
17.7
17.6
Weight Lb
2265
2318
2439
2604
2640
4000
4000
4500
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
94.0
99.2
118.9
133.1
135.0
249.0
275.0
299.0
HP
65
59
72
89
90
135
155
200
0-60
Time
15.8
16.9
15.2
13.5
13.3
13.7
12.2
10.9
HP/
cro
0.685
0.592
0.605
0.665
0.667
0.542
0.564
0.669
HP/
WT
0.0286
0.0253
0.0295
0.0341
0.0342
0.0338
0.0388
0.0444
Ton-
MPG
32.0
37.1
35.1
34.8
31.7
34.1
35.4
39.7
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-28
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
94.0%
100.0%
77.4%
55.7%
71.0%
Lockup
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
CVT
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
TBI
57.3%
27.2%
10.7%
2.8%
100.0%
100.0%
Diesel
42.7%
72.8%
34.0%
2.7%
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-29
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Front Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
Hybrid
Vehicle Size
Small
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Midsize
Large
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-30
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
1161
1476
1593
1656
1930
1108
1164
1154
1239
1526
1550
1895
1598
1760
1586
1322
1444
1356
1449
1886
1521
1382
1574
1574
1392
1610
1544
1373
1498
1345
1226
1185
1154
942
489
549
906
Frac
0.865
0.791
0.786
0.730
0.874
0.771
0.808
0.801
0.761
0.747
0.746
0.748
0.745
0.716
0.711
0.721
0.752
0.737
0.724
0.707
0.670
0.707
0.654
0.652
0.547
0.616
0.613
0.577
0.606
0.537
0.533
0.542
0.546
0.525
0.494
0.430
0.520
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
14.5
15.4
16.8
16.7
15.5
20.1
21.1
22.0
22.6
22.1
21.9
23.0
23.5
22.5
22.2
21.7
22.9
21.9
22.2
22.3
21.8
22.0
21.9
22.3
21.5
21.6
20.7
20.5
21.0
20.4
20.4
20.9
20.9
21.4
21.9
21.9
22.2
Adj City
11.4
12.3
13.5
13.6
12.7
16.0
16.7
17.4
17.9
17.4
17.3
18.1
18.2
17.3
16.9
16.4
17.1
16.3
16.3
16.3
15.9
15.9
15.7
15.9
15.3
15.3
14.6
14.5
14.7
14.2
14.0
14.4
14.3
14.6
15.0
15.0
15.0
Adj Hwy
13.8
14.2
15.3
15.0
13.8
18.6
19.6
20.6
21.3
20.9
20.6
21.6
22 2
21.4
21.0
20.7
21.8
21.1
21.2
21.1
20.7
20.8
20.7
21.0
20.3
20.1
19.2
18.8
19.2
18.6
18.8
19.1
19.3
19.7
20.3
20.3
20.8
Adj
Comp
12.4
13.1
14.2
14.2
13.2
17.1
17.9
18.7
19.2
18.8
18.7
19.5
19.9
19.0
18.7
18.2
19.1
18.3
18.5
18.4
18.0
18.1
18.0
18.2
17.6
17.5
16.8
16.6
16.9
16.4
16.4
16.8
16.8
17.1
17.6
17.6
17.8
Weight Lb
3885
3948
3928
3901
4170
3689
3708
3595
3463
3519
3527
3439
3386
3578
3633
3759
3608
3810
3825
3861
3960
3992
4123
4021
4114
4113
4341
4474
4445
4712
4752
4747
4915
4929
4935
4996
5058
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
298.7
305.0
298.9
290.9
290.9
235.0
243.3
229.6
210.3
212.4
218.5
201.6
195.2
219.7
226.3
236.3
221.8
234.8
233.9
234.7
239.0
234.9
243.7
231.2
240.9
237.1
251.9
256.4
247.1
267.1
272.1
266.6
273.2
271.2
271.8
273.6
281.3
HP
139
136
142
138
136
117
117
117
112
112
121
117
119
130
137
146
139
145
150
156
158
167
184
177
186
190
204
214
206
234
247
242
251
259
261
269
291
0-60
Time
13.4
13.8
13.2
13.3
14.3
14.3
14.4
14.1
14.3
14.4
13.6
13.6
13.4
13.1
12.7
12.4
12.4
12.5
12.2
12.0
12.0
11.7
11.2
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.7
10.5
10.8
10.2
9.9
10.0
10.0
9.9
9.7
9.6
9.1
HP/
cro
0.499
0.476
0.508
0.506
0.495
0.545
0.511
0.542
0.564
0.562
0.585
0.619
0.635
0.620
0.630
0.651
0.656
0.645
0.668
0.695
0.703
0.744
0.770
0.788
0.787
0.810
0.818
0.841
0.843
0.878
0.910
0.911
0.920
0.951
0.963
0.984
1.041
HP/
WT
0.0355
0.0343
0.0359
0.0352
0.0327
0.0318
0.0316
0.0326
0.0320
0.0318
0.0340
0.0340
0.0348
0.0360
0.0373
0.0386
0.0383
0.0380
0.0391
0.0403
0.0399
0.0416
0.0440
0.0436
0.0448
0.0455
0.0464
0.0475
0.0459
0.0492
0.0518
0.0507
0.0508
0.0519
0.0524
0.0534
0.0570
Ton-
MPG
24.6
26.5
28.7
28.6
28.1
31.8
33.7
34.2
34.0
33.6
33.5
33.9
34.0
34.2
34.1
34.6
34.7
35.1
35.4
35.8
36.1
36.5
37.3
36.9
36.3
36.1
36.5
37.0
37.5
38.6
38.9
39.7
41.2
42.4
43.3
43.8
45.1
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-31
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
41.5%
40.3%
39.0%
40.0%
36.3%
55.8%
52.6%
49.4%
53.3%
52.1%
47.9%
56.7%
58.0%
51.5%
52.5%
46.2%
53.7%
48.3%
45.2%
42.3%
45.2%
38.5%
31.2%
31.3%
22.6%
20.4%
14.5%
11.4%
12.3%
8.6%
7.2%
7.8%
5.6%
5.1%
4.4%
2.6%
2.6%
Lockup
1.5%
23.4%
31.0%
32.9%
31.1%
32.9%
36.2%
30.8%
28.4%
37.9%
41.5%
49.1%
44.9%
50.6%
53.7%
56.4%
53.4%
59.6%
68.8%
66.4%
75.7%
78.3%
84.1%
87.1%
86.2%
89.7%
92.8%
92.2%
94.4%
94.9%
95.4%
97.2%
90.9%
CVT
0.2%
0.2%
0.4%
Fuel Metering
GDI
3.5%
Port
1.3%
11.0%
18.6%
23.7%
30.1%
34.0%
52.0%
46.1%
57.4%
60.6%
72.5%
72.9%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.5%
TBI
0.0%
5.7%
17.5%
33.1%
48.7%
52.4%
39.6%
49.6%
38.1%
36.5%
26.4%
27.1%
Diesel
1.6%
2.8%
4.3%
6.2%
9.8%
4.3%
2.7%
1.1%
0.6%
0.3%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
99.3%
96.4%
88.3%
92.6%
89.7%
91.6%
87.7%
86.2%
78.9%
84.2%
69.8%
61.6%
55.2%
63.4%
61.6%
58.5%
41.6%
61.9%
Three
0.7%
5.3%
6.6%
8.2%
8.6%
8.9%
7.5%
6.5%
11.9%
23.4%
Four
0.1%
3.6%
6.4%
0.9%
10.3%
8.4%
12.3%
13.8%
21.1%
15.8%
22.0%
29.8%
35.8%
29.0%
31.9%
29.5%
35.0%
38.1%
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-32
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Rear Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
13.5%
35.8%
42.6%
38.5%
34.3%
34.1%
60.9%
82.4%
Hybrid
0.0%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.2%
0.4%
Vehicle Size
Small
13.8%
11.7%
14.9%
14.5%
13.7%
28.4%
18.8%
18.0%
14.9%
17.9%
21.9%
27.5%
19.4%
11.9%
13.9%
15.0%
14.0%
11.7%
13.2%
11.5%
12.2%
10.1%
6.6%
10.0%
8.4%
6.2%
5.3%
9.6%
7.9%
7.1%
Midsize
4.8%
3.7%
4.3%
4.5%
5.2%
8.8%
11.2%
26.2%
41.5%
37.0%
31.9%
34.6%
52.3%
48.1%
45.5%
37.8%
51.5%
44.6%
42.1%
45.8%
38.9%
43.3%
36.2%
42.2%
39.2%
33.8%
24.5%
19.8%
25.2%
16.3%
12.5%
19.7%
16.3%
19.9%
23.0%
17.0%
7.8%
Large
81.4%
84.6%
80.8%
80.9%
81.1%
62.8%
70.0%
55.8%
43.6%
45.0%
46.2%
37.9%
28.3%
40.0%
40.7%
47.2%
34.5%
43.7%
44.7%
42.7%
48.9%
46.6%
57.2%
47.9%
52.4%
59.9%
70.2%
70.6%
67.0%
76.6%
87.5%
80.3%
83.7%
80.1%
77.0%
83.0%
92.2%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-33
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
182
390
433
612
277
302
243
255
359
505
528
638
548
699
645
512
477
484
553
783
750
573
834
841
1153
1003
975
1008
976
1161
1075
1003
960
852
501
728
837
Frac
0.135
0.209
0.214
0.270
0.126
0.211
0.168
0.177
0.221
0.247
0.254
0.252
0.255
0.284
0.289
0.279
0.248
0.263
0.276
0.293
0.330
0.293
0.346
0.348
0.453
0.384
0.387
0.423
0.394
0.463
0.467
0.458
0.454
0.475
0.506
0.570
0.480
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
11.4
12.4
13.6
13.5
15.6
16.9
19.6
19.7
20.3
19.7
19.9
20.2
20.0
19.3
19.0
18.6
18.9
18.5
18.8
18.6
18.0
18.3
18.2
18.3
18.2
18.9
18.1
18.2
18.5
18.7
19.0
19.3
19.3
19.6
20.2
20.3
20.8
Adj City
9.3
10.1
11.1
11.1
13.0
13.6
15.7
15.8
16.1
15.6
15.7
15.9
15.7
14.9
14.6
14.0
14.2
13.8
13.9
13.7
13.2
13.3
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.6
12.9
12.9
13.1
13.1
13.2
13.4
13.3
13.5
13.9
13.9
14.2
Adj Hwy
10.2
11.2
12.1
12.0
14.2
15.4
18.1
18.2
19.0
18.4
18.7
18.9
18.7
18.2
17.9
17.7
17.9
17.7
17.8
17.5
17.0
17.3
17.3
17.4
17.0
17.3
16.6
16.7
16.9
17.0
17.4
17.6
17.7
18.1
18.7
18.8
19.4
Adj
Comp
9.7
10.5
11.5
11.5
13.5
14.3
16.7
16.8
17.3
16.8
16.9
17.1
16.9
16.3
16.0
15.6
15.8
15.5
15.6
15.4
14.9
15.1
15.0
15.1
14.9
15.4
14.7
14.8
14.9
15.0
15.3
15.5
15.5
15.8
16.3
16.3
16.8
Weight Lb
4822
4780
4695
4654
3947
4054
3732
3934
3901
3943
3981
3974
3937
4137
4221
4364
4299
4443
4444
4528
4633
4668
4965
4771
4938
4705
4885
4985
4944
5202
5257
5228
5420
5417
5411
5544
5504
Vol Cu-Ft
Engine
cro
353.3
358.7
362.7
347.8
260.1
251.1
223.8
235.9
223.6
226.4
229.8
219.0
222 2
253.4
259.0
273.1
262.5
272.2
270.0
278.5
292.1
291.2
302.4
290.8
299.5
284.2
295.6
291.5
290.7
298.3
297.6
291.3
302.2
303.2
301.5
307.1
296.7
HP
154
154
164
161
132
126
115
119
117
120
129
130
137
156
158
166
167
167
172
180
186
204
218
213
227
224
235
242
248
266
274
272
290
295
294
304
325
0-60
Time
14.2
14.2
13.4
13.5
14.2
14.6
14.6
14.7
14.8
14.8
14.0
14.0
13.4
12.6
12.7
12.5
12.2
12.6
12.3
12.1
11.9
11.2
11.1
11.0
10.8
10.5
10.3
10.3
10.1
9.9
9.7
9.7
9.5
9.4
9.4
9.3
8.8
HP/
cro
0.437
0.428
0.452
0.468
0.551
0.552
0.561
0.552
0.564
0.564
0.597
0.634
0.648
0.644
0.638
0.637
0.666
0.638
0.661
0.668
0.655
0.719
0.729
0.745
0.763
0.791
0.802
0.834
0.855
0.892
0.926
0.942
0.960
0.974
0.979
0.990
1.115
HP/
WT
0.0322
0.0323
0.0351
0.0345
0.0325
0.0308
0.0307
0.0306
0.0301
0.0302
0.0323
0.0327
0.0347
0.0375
0.0372
0.0380
0.0388
0.0376
0.0386
0.0396
0.0400
0.0437
0.0439
0.0445
0.0459
0.0473
0.0481
0.0486
0.0500
0.0511
0.0523
0.0522
0.0534
0.0544
0.0543
0.0548
0.0589
Ton-
MPG
23.6
25.3
27.2
26.8
27.3
29.1
31.4
33.5
34.1
33.5
34.1
34.4
33.6
33.9
33.9
34.2
34.2
34.5
34.8
35.0
34.7
35.4
37.2
35.8
36.8
36.1
36.0
36.8
36.9
39.0
40.1
40.3
41.9
42.7
43.9
45.3
46.3
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-34
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
Uniied Suios
Environmental Protection
Afloncy
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Cu-Ft-
MPG
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
Transmission
Manual
38.4%
33.3%
24.7%
30.2%
64.9%
66.8%
76.4%
71.4%
66.6%
62.7%
62.4%
63.3%
59.9%
49.7%
52.3%
44.9%
47.5%
43.7%
40.5%
34.6%
28.3%
25.4%
14.0%
19.9%
11.4%
10.7%
8.0%
7.0%
7.3%
5.1%
4.0%
4.2%
2.8%
2.9%
3.8%
2.3%
2.1%
Lockup
18.6%
14.7%
17.7%
19.9%
19.1%
26.2%
29.4%
30.1%
40.9%
41.5%
51.7%
50.8%
56.2%
59.5%
65.4%
71.7%
74.5%
86.0%
80.1%
88.6%
89.3%
92.0%
93.0%
92.7%
94.9%
96.0%
95.8%
97.2%
97.1%
95.9%
97.7%
97.4%
CVT
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
Fuel Metering
GDI
11.0%
Port
0.1%
12.7%
29.0%
36.4%
48.7%
50.5%
53.5%
53.5%
59.7%
62.9%
62.2%
62.8%
99.6%
99.9%
99.9%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
89.0%
TBI
0.1%
1.1%
17.7%
28.8%
47.1%
47.8%
46.1%
46.1%
40.0%
37.1%
37.8%
37.2%
Diesel
0.0%
0.0%
0.3%
2.3%
9.6%
4.8%
2.7%
1.5%
0.7%
0.4%
0.4%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.1%
0.1%
0.0%
Number of Valves
Two
94.3%
90.5%
82.9%
94.7%
87.0%
93.1%
86.7%
88.9%
86.8%
87.6%
65.1%
56.3%
45.9%
55.8%
55.5%
56.7%
39.0%
54.8%
Three
5.7%
2.8%
3.3%
21.3%
20.2%
21.9%
18.6%
16.0%
20.8%
34.6%
Four
9.5%
14.3%
2.0%
13.0%
6.9%
13.3%
11.1%
13.2%
12.4%
13.6%
23.4%
32.2%
25.7%
28.4%
22.6%
26.4%
45.2%
Five
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-35
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix H: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Drive Type
Vehicle
Type*
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Pickup
Drive Type
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Four Wheel Drive
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
WT
25.0%
42.9%
53.3%
41.7%
41.7%
39.5%
63.3%
94.2%
Hybrid
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%
0.5%
Vehicle Size
Small
3.8%
34.0%
36.7%
48.1%
41.8%
26.8%
27.2%
29.8%
34.9%
23.8%
18.7%
20.9%
17.8%
22.5%
19.2%
12.9%
18.1%
15.0%
14.1%
3.3%
12.3%
8.4%
0.1%
6.4%
7.8%
5.6%
0.8%
0.7%
Midsize
5.1%
30.0%
27.3%
23.1%
20.7%
39.4%
29.9%
25.7%
19.6%
27.2%
22.9%
24.2%
22.5%
14.5%
17.4%
14.4%
19.7%
18.6%
22.0%
17.0%
19.3%
15.4%
13.7%
5.9%
4.0%
7.9%
10.6%
14.4%
8.3%
1.1%
Large
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
96.2%
66.0%
63.3%
51.9%
53.1%
43.2%
45.5%
47.1%
44.4%
36.7%
51.4%
53.4%
62.6%
50.3%
57.9%
63.0%
59.5%
70.5%
68.5%
82.4%
68.1%
73.0%
77.9%
83.0%
74.2%
76.8%
80.7%
93.3%
95.2%
92.1%
89.4%
85.6%
91.7%
98.9%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
H-36
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
8144
7479
4815
3027
1264
1171
1680
1815
1747
1502
895
818
535
368
394
351
292
67
71
49
21
18
27
22
Frac
0.726
0.691
0.510
0.347
0.161
0.146
0.156
0.167
0.158
0.139
0.082
0.081
0.060
0.042
0.047
0.039
0.033
0.007
0.009
0.006
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
18.6
19.0
22.3
24.4
27.8
28.1
28.2
28.5
28.7
28.2
28.7
28.7
28.8
27.3
29.3
29.5
29.6
36.8
36.7
37.2
37.2
36.8
36.8
36.3
Adj
City
14.6
15.0
17.6
19.2
22.2
22.6
22.3
22.6
22.6
21.9
22.2
22.1
22.1
20.8
22.0
22.1
22.1
27.5
27.2
27.4
27.2
26.6
26.4
25.7
Adj
Hwy
17.8
17.8
21.2
22.9
25.7
25.8
26.4
26.7
26.7
26.5
26.7
26.5
26.5
25.1
27.0
27.1
26.8
32.2
32.0
32.3
32.2
31.9
31.7
31.5
Adj
Comp
15.9
16.2
19.0
20.7
23.7
23.9
24.0
24.3
24.3
23.8
24.1
24.0
24.0
22.7
24.3
24.3
24.3
29.7
29.5
29.8
29.7
29.2
29.0
28.6
Weight
Lb
3820
3728
3215
2958
2680
2748
2749
2780
2782
2767
2797
2825
2869
2834
2799
2819
2801
2358
2322
2250
2274
2312
2318
2390
Vol Cu-
Ft
114.5
115.0
107.8
106.5
101.1
106.1
106.1
106.0
105.5
105.1
103.5
102.9
101.6
99.5
99.2
100.6
100.2
99.8
99.9
90.5
89.9
88.3
88.4
88.8
Engine
CID
283
269
203
165
124
130
130
131
130
130
125
127
129
125
126
128
121
84
94
79
80
82
82
86
HP
134
129
106
95
84
85
89
99
97
97
99
97
98
96
98
96
93
80
77
70
80
81
80
83
0-60
Time
13.6
13.7
14.1
14.4
14.8
14.8
14.4
13.3
13.6
13.6
13.5
13.7
13.7
13.9
13.7
13.8
14.0
13.8
14.0
14.6
13.2
13.2
13.3
13.3
HP/
CID
0.493
0.502
0.562
0.621
0.683
0.669
0.690
0.766
0.756
0.751
0.794
0.773
0.774
0.784
0.797
0.767
0.792
0.945
0.818
0.886
0.998
0.995
0.988
0.975
HP/
WT
0.0347
0.0343
0.0328
0.0321
0.0311
0.0309
0.0320
0.0356
0.0348
0.0349
0.0350
0.0341
0.0341
0.0334
0.0345
0.0338
0.0331
0.0336
0.0329
0.0311
0.0351
0.0351
0.0348
0.0349
Ton-
MPG
30.4
30.2
30.6
30.7
31.8
33.0
33.1
34.0
34.0
33.1
33.9
34.0
34.6
32.4
34.1
34.4
34.2
35.0
34.3
33.5
33.7
33.6
33.5
34.0
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1845
1882
2075
2238
2429
2581
2572
2616
2605
2536
2537
2522
2480
2314
2454
2483
2507
2971
2950
2693
2669
2581
2569
2543
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3491
3486
3316
3279
3234
3511
3508
3599
3584
3479
3503
3501
3517
3217
3378
3460
3426
3499
3422
3030
3030
2972
2968
3027
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
1-1
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
A3
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
3.9%
5.6%
29.3%
56.9%
75.7%
75.2%
93.3%
91.9%
91.8%
95.8%
96.7%
95.6%
97.9%
97.8%
97.8%
99.4%
91.1%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
12.2%
100.0%
4WD
0.8%
0.0%
5.6%
0.3%
1.1%
1.8%
2.3%
1.7%
2.8%
1.0%
1.2%
1.6%
0.6%
0.2%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
3.2%
3.0%
3.9%
5.9%
8.8%
6.9%
13.0%
17.9%
22.5%
22.1%
54.1%
64.6%
73.6%
79.6%
77.4%
85.4%
82.8%
43.4%
30.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
0.9%
5.1%
0.1%
7.0%
12.1%
34.6%
42.6%
56.7%
37.4%
30.5%
26.4%
20.4%
22.6%
14.6%
17.2%
56.6%
69.2%
100.0%
Diesel
0.5%
1.9%
2.3%
1.8%
1.7%
1.0%
0.4%
0.1%
Number of Valves
Two
99.6%
99.4%
98.9%
97.7%
94.2%
89.0%
90.7%
86.7%
88.1%
56.6%
69.2%
100.0%
1.9%
5.0%
5.4%
85.4%
Three
0.1%
4.7%
9.2%
8.0%
12.4%
11.2%
43.4%
30.8%
Four
0.4%
0.6%
1.1%
2.3%
1.1%
1.9%
1.3%
1.0%
0.7%
98.1%
95.0%
94.6%
14.6%
Five
WT
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
1-2
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
42
58
57
136
230
183
206
200
154
181
142
147
123
133
100
83
65
91
44
23
7
28
70
48
17
16
7
9
176
Frac
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.016
0.029
0.023
0.019
0.018
0.014
0.017
0.013
0.014
0.014
0.015
0.012
0.009
0.007
0.009
0.005
0.003
0.001
0.003
0.007
0.005
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.023
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
22.0
22.8
24.5
26.0
24.4
27.1
25.4
24.7
22.6
23.1
22.5
22.4
22.3
23.0
22.9
23.6
23.7
24.7
27.1
25.8
30.6
28.2
28.1
28.0
27.9
26.4
26.4
26.2
29.4
Adj
City
17.7
18.4
20.2
20.9
19.2
21.7
20.1
19.8
17.9
18.1
17.4
17.2
17.0
17.2
17.0
17.4
17.2
17.9
19.3
19.2
20.7
19.3
19.0
18.8
18.8
17.6
17.5
17.3
19.0
Adj
Hwy
20.0
20.7
21.6
23.9
23.1
24.8
23.8
22.7
21.0
21.5
21.0
21.0
21.0
21.8
21.9
22.5
22.8
23.7
26.1
22.6
31.3
28.0
27.9
27.7
27.0
25.4
25.3
25.1
29.1
Adj
Comp
18.7
19.4
20.8
22.1
20.8
23.0
21.6
21.0
19.2
19.5
18.9
18.8
18.7
19.2
19.1
19.6
19.7
20.4
22.3
20.9
25.2
23.1
23.0
22.8
22.6
21.3
21.2
21.0
23.7
Weight
Lb
3589
3567
3477
3277
3456
3325
3377
3408
3514
3519
3504
3546
3688
3674
3757
3853
3946
3996
3720
3019
2920
3192
3104
3117
3131
3500
3500
3500
4000
Vol Cu-
Ft
102.4
100.6
101.0
94.6
107.6
99.1
99.5
100.5
105.6
105.9
104.6
106.6
110.8
106.5
107.3
109.5
106.1
103.8
104.4
98.5
102.0
109.1
107.6
107.8
106.9
114.5
114.5
114.5
124.8
Engine
CID
167
168
169
165
194
156
166
168
191
191
188
184
181
179
182
186
201
202
171
152
109
123
119
119
120
152
152
152
213
HP
105
102
95
105
114
112
127
129
158
161
161
163
160
167
181
186
219
217
172
147
109
125
122
121
121
113
113
154
207
0-60
Time
15.8
16.2
16.6
14.6
14.0
13.9
12.8
12.6
11.3
11.0
11.0
10.9
11.5
11.2
10.9
10.9
9.4
9.7
10.9
10.3
13.3
12.1
12.1
12.2
12.3
14.2
14.2
11.0
9.7
HP/
CID
0.632
0.609
0.569
0.635
0.624
0.723
0.775
0.790
0.852
0.871
0.886
0.912
0.909
0.964
0.986
0.991
1.098
1.079
1.008
0.963
0.981
1.023
1.031
1.027
1.013
0.743
0.743
1.013
0.973
HP/
WT
0.0298
0.0291
0.0280
0.0322
0.0332
0.0338
0.0377
0.0381
0.0443
0.0452
0.0455
0.0455
0.0431
0.0451
0.0472
0.0474
0.0548
0.0537
0.0460
0.0484
0.0367
0.0392
0.0395
0.0390
0.0387
0.0323
0.0323
0.0440
0.0518
Ton-
MPG
34.4
35.6
36.8
36.7
36.3
38.7
37.1
36.3
34.2
34.9
33.4
33.6
34.7
35.5
36.1
37.9
38.9
41.2
41.8
31.5
36.9
36.8
35.6
35.4
35.3
37.3
37.1
36.8
47.4
Cu-Ft-
MPG
1959
2004
2129
2136
2256
2331
2205
2165
2105
2143
2039
2050
2107
2085
2094
2175
2118
2176
2351
2061
2608
2525
2477
2458
2416
2437
2430
2409
2958
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
3515
3630
3763
3504
3912
3871
3715
3661
3647
3734
3523
3600
3847
3789
3877
4148
4136
4297
4383
3101
3773
4022
3840
3826
3774
4265
4252
4216
5916
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
1-3
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
A4
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
10.1%
5.9%
4.0%
7.2%
11.1%
10.4%
10.8%
2.2%
95.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4WD
4.2%
0.4%
5.0%
5.0%
0.9%
0.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
15.1%
23.5%
39.8%
32.1%
32.7%
59.5%
80.0%
82.3%
95.8%
87.1%
99.5%
99.8%
94.4%
94.1%
96.0%
100.0%
98.9%
93.8%
94.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
24.5%
3.9%
1.3%
Diesel
48.3%
56.1%
60.2%
26.5%
19.4%
27.5%
20.0%
17.7%
4.2%
12.9%
0.5%
0.2%
1.6%
4.6%
4.0%
1.1%
6.2%
6.0%
Number of Valves
Two
99.5%
98.9%
99.2%
96.9%
95.7%
86.4%
82.3%
58.8%
16.6%
4.7%
1.8%
3.7%
64.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
8.8%
97.0%
Three
Four
0.5%
1.1%
0.8%
3.1%
4.3%
13.6%
17.7%
41.2%
83.4%
95.3%
98.2%
96.3%
35.3%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
91.2%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
3.0%
Five
WT
20.3%
19.6%
25.7%
27.7%
2.6%
3.7%
4.8%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
1-4
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
2
3
6
6
5
13
9
1
1
6
5
6
5
3
1
3
22
14
3
19
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.002
0.000
0.002
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
21.5
21.9
20.1
19.7
22.8
23.1
23.1
22.4
22.4
22.5
23.0
22.6
23.6
23.6
26.0
26.4
49.5
49.5
49.1
49.5
Adj
City
15.9
15.8
14.7
14.4
16.1
16.2
16.2
15.5
15.4
15.3
15.5
15.2
15.9
15.7
17.4
17.7
33.4
33.4
33.3
33.4
Adj
Hwy
21.5
22.3
19.7
19.1
23.3
23.4
23.3
22.8
22.7
23.1
23.2
22.8
23.1
23.2
24.4
24.7
40.5
40.5
40.0
40.5
Adj
Comp
18.1
18.4
16.8
16.4
19.1
19.3
19.2
18.6
18.6
18.7
18.9
18.6
19.2
19.2
20.8
21.1
37.1
37.1
36.8
37.1
Weight
Lb
4000
4000
4372
4941
4853
4500
4500
3000
3000
3239
3292
3338
3327
3500
3500
3500
2000
2000
2000
2000
Vol Cu-
Ft
50.0
50.0
104.8
114.6
102.1
109.6
105.4
50.0
50.0
62.0
59.9
62.5
61.4
62.8
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
50.0
Engine
CID
181
181
191
193
195
195
195
151
151
178
187
193
197
199
176
182
61
61
61
61
HP
228
228
228
228
217
217
217
201
201
246
255
276
273
282
255
269
70
70
70
70
0-60
Time
9.0
9.0
9.6
10.6
10.9
10.2
10.2
7.9
7.9
7.2
7.1
6.8
6.8
6.9
7.4
7.1
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.3
HP/
CID
1.260
1.260
1.192
1.180
1.113
1.113
1.113
1.331
1.331
1.378
1.358
1.423
1.381
1.410
1.453
1.478
1.148
1.148
1.148
1.148
HP/
WT
0.0570
0.0570
0.0523
0.0462
0.0448
0.0482
0.0482
0.0670
0.0670
0.0754
0.0770
0.0823
0.0816
0.0806
0.0729
0.0769
0.0350
0.0350
0.0350
0.0350
Ton-
MPG
36.3
36.8
36.8
40.6
46.3
43.3
43.2
27.9
27.9
30.2
31.1
31.0
32.0
33.7
36.4
36.9
37.1
37.1
36.8
37.1
Cu-Ft-
MPG
907
921
1739
1869
1941
2112
2025
931
929
1158
1133
1158
1184
1204
1041
1055
1857
1857
1841
1857
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
1815
1842
3854
4647
4780
4751
4557
1397
1393
1906
1882
1949
1990
2107
1822
1846
1857
1857
1841
1857
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
1-5
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
A5
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
4WD
5.4%
6.7%
22.2%
14.4%
28.0%
Fuel Metering
GDI
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
TBI
Diesel
Number of Valves
Two
Three
Four
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Five
WT
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Hybrid
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
1-6
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
0
1
1
2
1
3
3
115
47
Frac
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.016
0.006
Fuel Economy
Lab
55/45
13.3
13.9
15.9
16.9
16.8
18.5
17.6
35.2
28.8
Adj
City
9.3
9.7
11.2
11.3
11.4
12 2
11.7
23.2
19.2
Adj
Hwy
13.4
14.1
14.4
16.8
16.4
18.5
17.7
32.2
26.8
Adj
Comp
ll.l
11.6
12.8
13.9
13.8
15.2
14.5
27.6
22.9
Weight
Lb
3500
3500
4500
4337
4500
4485
4245
3588
3918
Vol Cu-
Ft
50.0
50.0
129.5
116.9
129.5
107.4
92.2
110.4
115.6
Engine
CID
213
215
259
259
259
260
275
125
181
HP
375
382
396
392
396
399
431
185
268
0-60
Time
5.4
5.3
6.3
6.2
6.3
6.3
5.7
8.9
8.0
HP/
CID
1.761
1.775
1.529
1.515
1.529
1.536
1.572
1.469
1.479
HP/
WT
0.1071
0.1091
0.0880
0.0907
0.0880
0.0891
0.1037
0.0513
0.0668
Ton-
MPG
19.5
20.4
28.9
30.0
31.0
34.1
31.0
51.2
47.5
Cu-Ft-
MPG
557
583
1662
1616
1781
1621
1356
3188
2859
Cu-Ft-
Ton-
MPG
974
1021
3739
3531
4007
3641
2963
5679
5472
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
1-7
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
A6
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Drivetrain
Front
95.2%
66.1%
4WD
3.4%
26.7%
Fuel Metering
GDI
58.7%
70.9%
Port
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
2.7%
29.1%
TBI
Diesel
38.6%
Number of Valves
Two
7.2%
Three
Four
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
92.8%
Five
100.0%
100.0%
WT
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
63.4%
92.8%
Hybrid
18.6%
EPA-420-R-12-001a *The "Car" vehicle type includes Non-Truck SUVs.
March 2012
-------
vvEPA
.niied Suios
Environmental Protection
2011 FE Trends Report
Appendix I: Fuel Economy Data Stratified by Vehicle Type and Transmission
Vehicle
Type*
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Car
Transmission
Type
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
A7
Model
Year
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Prod
(000)
4
4
5
Frac
0.001
0.001
0 |