UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 204QO
OFFICE OF
SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY
RESPONSE
NOV10 1998
MEMORANDUM
TO: Regional Emergency Response Managers
EPA Regions I - X
FROM: Steve Luftig, Director /s/
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
SUBJECT: Retransmittal of the latest Superfund Removal Action Levels
A variety of tools are available to On-Scene Coordinators (OSCs) and other site managers to
determine whether to provide alternate drinking water supplies under Superfund removal authority. One
of the key resources for this task is the Removal Action Levels (RALs), which were established in
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) Directive 9360.101, Interim Final
Guidance on Numeric Removal Action Levels for Contaminated Drinking Water Sites (October
1987.)
This directive defined two types of RALs: (1) numeric levels for individual substances, which
apply generally across most sites, and (2) site-specific levels which are determined on a case-by-case
basis, using a more detailed analysis of conditions at a particular site. The 1987 OSWER directive
established numeric RALs for 34 substances. The Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
(OERR)/Emergency Response Division (ERD) updated the table of numeric RALs in April 1991. This
update used the same methodology described in the 1987 OSWER directive, and expanded the RAL
list to include 165 substances.
ERD later issued OSWER Directive 9360.1-02, Final Guidance on Numeric Removal
Action Levels for Contaminated Drinking Water Sites (October 1993.) This directive adopted a
new methodology to determine RALs based on the short-term acceptable risk (STAR) procedures
promulgated by the EPA Office of Water (OW) in the Guidance for Determining Unreasonable
Risks to Health (EPA/OW/Office of Science and Technology, 1992). This method remains the
primary approach to determine RALs for Superfund removal actions.
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Objective
OERR last updated the RAL tables in April 1997. This memorandum retransmits the amended
tables to ensure that Superfund field personnel are using the most current and appropriate tool to
evaluate threats to public health caused by contaminated drinking water sources. Regions should ensure
that they are using the April 1997 RALs in the same manner that previous versions were used (i.e., as
one factor in determining whether to provide alternate water supplies under Superfund removal
authority.) This update does not in any way restrict the flexibility to develop and apply site-specific
RALs. The updated numeric RALs apply to new removal starts begun since the date of issuance, and
are not intended to affect completed removal actions or actions which were ongoing at the time the
update was issued.
Please note that the list of RALs is not intended to be definitive. For instance, a substance
which is not included in the RAL list might be present in drinking water at a site. In this case, the site
manager may refer to the attached copy of the October 1993 memo for RALs. This memo describes in
detail the appropriate methodology to determine whether the non-RAL listed substance is likely to
present a threat to human health. Under no circumstances should field personnel assume that response
actions cannot be taken because a contaminant of concern does not appear in the RAL tables.
If you have any comments, questions or suggestions about the RAL tables or their use, please
contact Dan Thornton of my staff at (703) 603-8811.
Attachments
cc: EPA HQ Emergency Response Coordinators
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
Tables
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
April 1997
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Table Acronyms
CAS#
DWEL
Chemical Abstract Number
Drinking Water Equivalent Level (calculated by multiplying the oral RfD by 70 kilograms (adult body
weight) and dividing by the average volume of water (2 liters) consumed per day)
Longer-term HA (Child) Drinking Water Health Advisory for 10 kg child consuming 1 liter water per day for up to 7 years
MCL
MCLG
MFL
Treat. Tech.
URTH-STAR
Maximum Contaminant Level (National Primary Drinking Water Standard)
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal
Million Fibers per Liter
MCL is based on the capability of the treatment technology
Draft Short-term Risk Level (STAR) recommended for an Unreasonable Risk to Health (URTH) under
Safe Drinking Water Act
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Acenaphthene 83329
Acetone 67641
Acifluoren (tackle) 62476599
Acrylamide (2-Propenamide) 79061
Acrylonitrile 107131
Adipates (Diethylhexyl) 103231
Alachlor 15972608
Aldicarb (Temik) 116063
Aldicarb sulfone 1646884
Aldicarb sulfoxide —
Aldrin 309002
Ametyrn 834128
Ammonium sulfamate 7773060
Anthracene 120127
Atrazine 1912249
Baygon 114261
Bentazon 25057890
Benz(a)anthracene 56553
Benzene 71432
Benzo(a)pyrene 50328
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205992
Benzo(k)fluoranthene 207089
bis-2-Chloroisopropyl ether 108601
Cancer Risk
Cancer
Group
—
D
B2
B2
Bl
C
B2
D
D
D
B2
D
D
D
C
C
D
B2
A
B2
B2
B2
D
10-4
Cancer
Risk
Oig/L)
—
—
100
1
6
3,000
40
—
—
—
0.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
100
0.2
—
—
—
Standards and Health Advisories
DWEL
(ug/L)
2,100
3,500a
400
7
—
20,000
400
35
35
35
1
300
8,000
11,000
200
100
1,000
—
—
—
—
—
1,000
Longer-
term HA
(Child)
(ug/L)
—
—
100
20
—
20,000
—
—
—
—
0.3
900
20,000
—
50
40
300
—
—
—
—
—
4,000
URTF
MCL/MCLG -STAB
Leve
(ug/L) (ug/L
— —
— —
— /O —
Treat. Tech ./ 0 1
— /O —
400/400 —
2/0 40
7/7 —
7/7 —
7/7 —
— —
— —
— —
— —
3/3 30
— —
— 720 —
— —
5/0 100
0.2/0 —
— —
— —
— —
Superfund
[ Removal
Action
1 Level
) (ug/L)
2,100
3,500
100
1
6
4,000
40
35
35
35
0.2
300
8,000
11,000
30
40
300
—
100
0.2
—
—
1,000
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Bromacil 314409
Bromochloromethane 74975
Bromodichloromethane 75274
Bromoform 75252
Bromamethane (Methyl bromide) 74839
Butanone (2-) (see Methyl ethyl ketone)
Butyl benzyl phthalate 85687
Butylate 2008415
Carbaryl 63252
Carbofuran 1563662
Carbon tetrachloride 56235
Carboxin 5234684
Chloral hydrate (Trichloroacetaldehyde 302170
monohydrate)
Chloramben 133904
Chlordane 57749
Chlorobenzene (see Monochlorobenzene)
Chlorodibromomethane (Dibromochloromethane) 124481
Chloroform (Tnchlorom ethane) 67663
Chloromethane (Methyl chloride) 74873
Chlorophenol (2-) 95578
Chlorothaloml 1897456
Chlorotoluene, o- 95498
Cancer Risl
10-
Cancer Can
Group Ris
(ug/
C —
Da —
i
4
cer DWEL
k
L) (ug/L)
5,000
50
B2 60 700
B2 400 700
D —
C —
D —
D —
E —
50
7,000
2,000
4,000
200
B2 30 30
D —
C —
D —
B2 3
C —
4,000
60
500
2
700
B2 600 400
C —
D —
100
200
B2 150 500
D —
700
Standards and Health Advisories
Longer-
term HA
(Child)
3,000
100
4,000
2,000
100
—
1,000
1,000
50
70
1,000
200
200
—
2,000
100
400
500
200
2,000
URTt
MCL/MCLG -STAR
Leve
(ug/L) (ug/L
— —
— —
100(80b)/0 —
100(80b)/0 —
— —
— —
— —
— —
40/40 50
5/0 30
— —
60V40 —
— —
2/0 2
100(80b)/60 —
100(80b)/0 —
— —
— —
— —
— —
Superfund
I Removal
Action
Level
) (ug/L)
3,000
50
100
400
50
7,000
1,000
1,000
50
30
1,000
60
200
2
600
100
100
200
150
700
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Chlorotoluene, p- 106434
Chloropynfos 2921882
Chrysene 218019
Cumene (see Isopropylbenzene)
Cyanazine 21725462
2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) 94757
Dacthal (DCPA) 1861321
Dalapon 75990
Di[2-ethylhexyl]adipate 103231
Diazinon 333415
Dibenzo[a,h] anthracene 53703
Dibromoacetonitrile 3252435
Dibromochloromethane (see Chlorodibromomethane)
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) 96128
Dibromomethane (Methylene Bromide) 74953
Dibutyl phthalate (Di-n-butyl phthalate) 84742
Diacamba 1918009
Dichloroacetic acid 79436
Dichloroacetonitrile 3018120
Dichlorobenzene -o(l,2) 95501
D chlorobenzene -m (1 ,3-) 54173 1
Dichlorobenzene -p (1,4-) 106467
Dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon-12) 75718
Cancer Risk
10-4
Cancer Cancer
Group Risk
(jig/L)
D —
D —
B2 —
C —
D —
D —
D —
C 3,000
E —
B2 —
C —
B2 3
D —
D —
D —
B2 —
C —
D —
D —
C —
D —
Standards and Health Advisories
Longer-
DWEL term HA MCL/MCLG
(Child)
(ug/L) (ug/L) (ng/L)
700 2,000 —
100 30 —
— — —
70 20 —/I
400 100 70/70
400 5,000 —
900 300 200/200
20,000 20,000 400/400
35 —
— — —
800 2,000 —
— — 0.2/0
— — —
4,000 — —
1,000 300 —
100 1,000 600C/0
300 800 —
3,000 9,000 600/600
3,000 9,000 —
4,000 10,000 75/75
5,000 9,000 —
Superfund
URTH Removal
-STAR- Action
Level Level
(ug/L) (ug/L)
— 700
— 30
— —
— 10
100 100
— 400
— 300
— 4,000
— 3
— —
— 800
3 3
— —
— 4,000
— 300
— 100
— 300
3,000 3,000
— 3,000
750 750
— 5,000
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Dichloroethane(l,l-) 75343
Dichloroethane (1 ,2-) (Ethylene dichloride) 107062
Dichloroethylene(l,l-) 75354
Dichloroethylene (cis- 1,2-) 156592
Dichloroethylene (trans- 1,2-) 156605
Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 75092
Dichlorophenol (2,4-) 120832
Dichloropropene ( 1 ,2-) 78875
Dichloropropene (1 ,3-) (cis and trans) 542756
Dieldrin 60571
Diethyl phthalate 84662
Diethylhexyl (see Adipates)
Diethylhexyl phthalate 1 17817
Dimethrin 70382
Diethyl methylphosphonate 756796
Diethyl phthalate 131113
DIMP (Diisopropylmethylphosphonate) 1445756
Dinitrobenzene (1,3-) 99650
Dinitrotoluene (2,4-) 121 142
Dinitrotoluene (2,6-) 25321 146
Dinitrotoluene, tgd (2,6- & 2,4-) —
Dinoseb 88857
Dioxanep-(l,4-) 123911
Cancer Risk
Cancer
Group
ca
B2
C
D
D
B2
D
B2
B2
B2
D
B2
D
C
D
D
D
B2
B2
B2
D
B2
10-4
Cancer
Risk
(Hg/L)
—
40
—
—
—
500
—
60
20
0.2
—
300
—
700
—
—
—
5
5
5
—
700
Standards and Health Advisories
DWEL
(ug/L)
—
—
400
400
600
2,000
100
—
10
2
30,000
700
10,000
7,000
—
3,000
5
100
40
—
40
—
Longer-
term HA
(Child)
Otg/L)
—
700
1,000
3,000
2,000
—
30
—
30
0.5
—
—
10,000
2,000
—
8,000
40
300
400
—
10
—
URTK
MCL/MCLG -STAR
Leve
(jig/L) (ug/L;
— —
5/0 40
7/7 70
70/70 400
100/100 600
5/0 —
— —
5/0 —
— /O —
— —
— —
6.0 —
— —
— —
— —
— —
— —
— —
— —
— —
7/7 —
— —
Superfund
[ Removal
Action
Level
1 (ug/L)
—
40
70
400
600
500
30
60
10
0.2
30,000
300
10,000
2,000
—
3,000
5
5
5
5
10
700
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Dioxin (see 2,3,7,8-TCDD)
Diphenamid 957517
Diphenylamine 122394
Diquat 85007
Disulfoton 298044
Dithiane(l,4-) 505293
Diuron 330541
Endothall 145733
Endrin 72208
Epichlorohydrin 106898
Ethylbenzene 100414
Ethylene dibromide (1 ,2-) (EDB) 106934
Ethylene dichlode (see 1 ,2-Dichloroethane)
Ethylene gly col 107211
Ethyl ether 60297
Ethylene thiourea (ETU) 96457
Fenamipos 22224926
Fluometuron 2164172
Fluorene 86737
Fluorotrichloromethane (Freon-1 1 ) 75694
Fonofos 944229
Formaldehyde 50000
Freon- 1 1 (see Fluorotrichloromethane)
Cancer Risk
10-4
Cancer Cancer
Group Risk
(jig/L)
D —
D —
D —
E —
D —
D —
D —
D —
B2 400
D —
B2 0.04
D —
— —
B2 30
D —
D —
D —
D —
D —
Bl —
Standards and Health Advisories
Longer-
DWEL term HA MCL/MCLG
(Child)
(ug/L) (ug/L) (jig/L)
1,000 300 —
1,000 300 —
80 — 20/20
1 3 —
400 400 —
70 300 —
700 200 100/100
10 3 2/2
70 70 Treat. Tech. /O
3,000 1,000 700/700
— — 0.05/0
40,000 6,000 —
7,000a — —
3 100 —
95 —
400 2,000 —
1,400 — —
10,000 3,000 —
70 20 —
5,000 5,000 —
Superfund
URTH Removal
-STAR- Action
Level Level
(ug/L) (ug/L)
— 300
— 300
— 80
— 1
— 400
— 70
— 200
— 3
70 70
1,000 1,000
0.05 0.05
— 6,000
— 7,000
— 3
— 5
— 400
— 1,400
— 3,000
— 20
— 5,000
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Freon-12 (see Dichloroodifluoromethane)
Freon 113(l,l,2-Trichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroethane) 76131
Gylphosate 1071836
Heptachlor 76448
Heptachlor epoxide 1024573
Hexachlorobenzene 1 1 874 1
Hexachlorobutadiene 87683
Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma (see Lindane)
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77474
Hexachloroethane 67721
Hexane(n-) 110543
Hexazinone 51235042
HMX(Octahydro-l,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7- 2691410
tetrazocine
Ideno[l,2,3-c,d]pyrene 193395
Isophorone 78591
Isopropyl methylphosophonate 6838933
Isopropylbenzene (Cumene) 98828
Kerb (see Pronamide)
Lindane (Hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma) 58899
Malathion 121755
Maleic hydrazide 123331
MCPA (4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-acetic acid) 94746
Cancer Risk
10-4
Cancer Cancer
Group Risk
(jig/L)
— —
E —
B2 0.8
B2 0.4
B2 2
C —
D —
C —
D —
D —
D —
B2 —
C 4,000
D —
— —
C —
D —
D —
E —
Standards and Health Advisories
Longer-
DWEL term HA MCL/MCLG
(Child)
(ug/L) (ug/L) (jig/L)
1,100,00 — —
oa
4,000 1,000 700/700
20 5 0.4/0
0.4 0.1 0.2/0
30 50 1/0
70 100 —/I
200 — 50/50
40 100 —
— 4,000 —
1,000 3,000 —
2,000 5,000 —
— — —
7,000 15,000 —
4,000 30,000 —
l,400a — —
10 30 0.2/0.2
800 200 —
20,000 5,000 —
50 100 —
Superfund
URTH Removal
-STAR- Action
Level Level
(ug/L) (ug/L)
— 1,100,000
— 1,000
0.8 0.8
0.4e 0.4
— 2
— 10
— 200
— 40
— 4,000
— 1,000
— 2,000
— —
— 7,000
— 4,000
— 1,400
2 2
— 200
— 5,000
— 50
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Methomyl 16752775
Methoxychlor 72435
Methyl bromide (see Bromomethane)
Methyl chloride (see Chloromethane)
Methyl ethyl ketone (2-Butanone) 78933
Methyl parathion 298000
Methyl tert butyl ether 1634044
Methylene bromide (see Dibromomethane)
Methylene chloride (see Dichloromethane)
Metolachlor 51218452
Metribuzin 21087649
Monochloracetic acid (Chloroacetic acid) 791 18
Monochlorobenzene (Chlorobenzene) 108907
Napthalene 91203
Nitroguanidine 556887
Nitrophenols p- 25154556
Octachlorocamphene (see Toxaphene)
Oxamyl 23135220
Paraquat 1910425
Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) 82688
Pentachlorophenol 87865
Perchloroethylene (see Tetrachloroethylene)
Phenol 108952
Cancer Risk
10-4
Cancer Cancc
Group Risk
(Hg/L
D —
D —
Da —
D —
C —
C —
D —
— —
D —
D —
D —
D —
E —
E —
Ca —
B2 30
D —
Standards and Health Advisories
;r DWEL
) (ug/L)
900
200
21,000a
9
1,000
3,500
500
70a
700
100
4,000
300
900
200
100a
1,000
20,000
Longer-
term HA MCL/MCLG
(Child)
(ug/L) (jig/L)
300 —
50 40/40
— —
30 —
3,000 —
2,000 —
300 —
— —
2,000 100 / 100
400 —
10,000 —
800 —
200 200/200
50 —
— —
300 1/0
6,000 —
Superfund
URTH Removal
-STAR- Action
Level Level
(ug/L) (ug/L)
— 300
50 50
— 21,000
— 9
— 1,000
— 2,000
— 300
— 70
700 700
— 100
— 4,000
— 300
— 200
— 50
— 20
30 30
— 6,000
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
Picloram 1918021
Polychloroinated biphenyls (PCBs) 1336363
Prometon 1610180
Pronamide (Kerb) 23950585
Propachlor 1918167
Propazme 139402
Propham 122429
Pyrene 129000
RDX (Hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5,triazine) 121824
Simazine 122349
Styrene 100425
T (2,4,5-) 93765
Tackle (See Acifluorfen)
TCDD (2,3,7,8-) (v) (Dioxin) 1746016
Tebuthiuron 34014181
Temik (see Aldicarb)
Terbacil 5902512
Terbufos 13071799
Tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-) 630206
Tetrachlorothane ( 1 , 1 ,2,2-) 79345
Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) 127184
Toluene 108883
Toxaphene (Octachlorocamphene) 8001352
Cancer Risk
Cancer
Group
D
B2
D
C
D
C
D
D
C
C
C
D
B2
D
E
D
C
ca
—
D
B2
10-4
Cancer
Risk
(jig/L)
—
0.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
30
—
—
—
0.00002
—
—
—
100
20s
70
—
3
Standards and Health Advisories
DWEL
(ug/L)
2,000
—
500
3,000
500
700
600
1,100
100
200
7,000
350
0.00004
2,000
400
5
1,000
—
500
7,000
400
Longer-
term HA MCL/MCLG
(Child)
(ug/L) (jig/L)
700 500/500
— 0.5/0
200 —
800 —
100 —
500 —
5,000 —
— —
100 —
70 4/4
2,000 100/100
800 —
0.00001 0.00003/0
700 —
300 —
1 —
900 —
— —
1,000 5/0
2,000 1,000/1,000
— 3/0
Superfund
URTH Removal
-STAR- Action
Level Level
(ug/L) (ug/L)
— 700
0.5 0.5
— 200
— 800
— 100
— 500
— 600
— 1,100
— 100
— 40
1,000 1,000
— 350
— 0.00003
— 700
— 300
— 1
— 900
— 20
70 70
— 2,000
3 3
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
ORGANICS CAS #
TP (2,4,5-) (2(2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy-propionic 93721
acid)
Cancer Risk
Cancer
Group
D
10-4
Cancer
Risk
(jig/L)
—
Standards and Health Advisories
DWEL
(ug/L)
300
Longer-
term HA
(Child)
(ug/L)
70
URTF
MCL/MCLG -STAR
Leve
(Hg/L) (ug/L
50/50 70
Superfund
[ Removal
Action
1 Level
) (ug/L)
70
Trichloroacetaldehyde (Chloral) See Chloral hydrate (hydrated form of trichloroacetaldehyde)
Trichloroacetic acid 76039
Trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-) 120821
Tnchlorobenzene (1,3,5-) 108703
Trichloroethane (1,1,1-) 7 1 556
Tnchloroethane (1,1,2-) 79005
Trichloroethylene (Trichloroethane) 79016
Trichloromethane (see Chloroform)
Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-) 88062
Trichlorophenoxypropionic acid (2(2,4,5-)) (see 2,4,5-TP)
Trichioropropane (1,2,3-) 98184
l,l,2-Trichloro-l,2,2,-trifluoroethane (see Freon 113)
Tnfluralin 1582098
Trinitroglycerol 55630
Trinitrotoluene (2,4,6-) 1 1 8967
Vinyl chloride 75014
Vydate (see Oxamyl)
Xylenes (mixed) 1330207
C
D
D
D
C
B2
B2
B2
C
—
C
A
D
—
—
—
—
—
300
300
500
500
—
100
1.5
—
4,000
400
200
1,000
100
300
—
200
300
—
20
—
60,000
4,000
100
600
40,000
400
—
—
600
80
5
20
10
40,000
60C/300 —
70/70 —
— —
200/200 1,000
5/3 —
5/0 300
— —
— —
— —
— —
— —
2/0 2
10,000 / 10,000 40,000
3,000
100
200
1,000
30
300
300
200
80
5
20
2
40,000
a Based on data from IRIS or HEAST in the absence of a published U.S. EPA, Office of Water value
b Total for all trihalomethanes combined cannot exceed 80 (ig/L
0 Total for all haloacetic acids cannot exceed 60 (ig/L
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10
NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
d Technical Grade (tg); 2,4- and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene are unlikely to occur alone
e Based on special considerations
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
INORGANICS CAS #
Ammonia 7664417
Antimony 7440360
Arsenic 7440382
Asbestos fibers > 10 ^im 1332214
Barium 7440393
Beryllium 7440417
Boron 7440428
Bromate 15541454
Cadmium 7440439
Chloramines (measured free chlorine) 10599903
Chlorine 7782505
Chlorine dioxide 10049044
Chlonte 7758192
Chromium III (see Chromium total) 16065831
Chromium VI (see Chromium total) 1 8540299
Chromium (total) —
Copper 7440508
Cyanide 57125
Fluoride 16984488
Hypochlorite 7681529
Hypochlorous acid 7790923
Lead at tap 7349921
Cancer Risk
10-4
Cancer Cancer
Group Risk
D —
D —
A 2
A 700 MFL
D —
B2 0.8
D —
— —
D —
Da —
D —
D —
D —
D —
D —
D —
— —
— —
— —
B2 —
Standards and Health Advisories
Longer-
DWEL term HA
(Child)
(ug/L) (ug/L)
— —
10 10
— —
URTF
MCL/MCLG -STAR
Leve
(ug/L) (ug/L
— —
6/6 —
50/— —
Superfund
[ Removal
Action
Level
) (ug/L)
34,000a
(taste)
10
50
— — 7MFL/7MFL 70MFL 70MFLb
2,000 —
200 4,000
3,000 900
— —
20 5
3,300 1,000
4,000 —
350 —
100 —
200 200
— —
800 200
4,200 —
— —
— —
— —
2,000/2,000 —
4/4 —
— —
10/0 —
5/5 5
4,000/4,000 —
4,000/4,000 —
800/300 —
1,000/80 —
100 / 100 200
Treat. Tech. /1, 300 1,300
200/200 —
4,000/4,000 5,000C
— / 4,000 —
— / 4,000 —
Treat. Tech. / 0 30C
2,000
4
900
10
5
4,000
4,000
800
1,000
200
1,300
200
5,000
—
—
30
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NUMERIC REMOVAL ACTION LEVELS FOR CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER SITES
PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS AND HEALTH ADVISORIES
April 1997
Chemical
INORGANICS CAS #
Manganese 7439965
Mercury 7439976
Molybdeum 7439987
Nickel 7440020
Nitrate 14797558
Nitrite 14797650
Nitrate+Nitrite —
Selenium 7782492
Silver 7440224
Strontium 7440246
Sulfate 7757826
Thallium 7440280
Vanadium 7440622
White phosphorus 772314
Zinc 7440666
Zinc chloride (measured as zinc")
Cancer Risk
10-4
Cancer Canct
Group Risk
(jig/L
Da —
D —
D —
D —
— —
— —
— —
— —
D —
D —
— —
— —
D —
D —
D —
D —
Standards and Health Advisories
;r DWEL
) (ug/L)
—
10
200
600
56,000
5,600
—
200
200
9,000
—
2
250a
0.5
10,000
10.000
Longer-
term HA
(Child)
(ug/L)
—
—
10
500
—
—
—
—
200
25,000
—
7
—
—
3,000
3.000
MCL/MCLG
(Hg/L)
— / —
2/2
—
100/100
10,000 / 10,000
1,000/1,000
10,000 / 10,000
50/50
—
—
500,000/500,000
2/0.5
—
—
—
—
URTH
-STAR-
Level
(ug/L)
—
10
—
—
10,000
1,000
10,000
200
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Superfund
Removal
Action
Level
(ug/L)
—
10
10
500
10,000
1,000
10,000
200
100d
25,000
250,000
(aesthetics)
2
250
0.5
3,000
3.000
a Based on data from IRIS or HEAST in the absence of a published U.S. EPA, Office of Water value
b MFL = million fibers per liter
0 Based on special considerations
d Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level intended to protect general public from argyuria (a cosmetic effect) over a lifetime
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