Pennsylvania dean Watersheds Needs Survey 2004 The Clean Watersheds Needs Survey (CWNS) is a comprehensive assessment of needs1 to meet the water quality and water-related public health goals of the Clean Water Act (CWA). States and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conduct the CWNS every four years under CWA Sections 205(a) and 516 (b)(l). Ppnn Q\/l "\/?ini Ji t*pnfTr1"pfi nppH Q irYfjiliTi o~ -1 t/llllo V 1 V dllld 1 t/UVJl LtU. llt't'U.o lAJLdllllli $13.0 billion in 2004. This is a forty-five percent increase from the $9.0 billion in needs reported in 2000. •° 1 ; >,"...-, ' •/ 3 1 • '.° i M' i^-'/** Coimty Needs ($M) Facility Needs ($M) | None reported = < 60 _ 60-160 0 ^B > 160 <4 4-40 >40 Reported Needs in Pennsylvania Type of Need Wastewater treatment plant improvements Needs (2004 2000 $1,168 Wastewater collection and conveyance improvements $1,559 Combined sewer overflow correction Stormwater management controls $6,047 $18 Home sewage treatment system improvements n/a Recycled wastewater distribution" n/a Total Wastewater Treatment Needs $8,792 Agriculture best management practices (BMPs) $ 18 Forestry BMPs Residential/ business development BMPs Ground water protection BMPs Marinas and boating BMPs Mining and quarrying BMPs nr $164 nr nr nr Contaminated industrial site (Brownfield) remediation nr Leaking storage tank remediation Sanitary landfill BMPs Water resource restoration and protection nr nr nr Total Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Needs0 $182 Total Needs $8,974 Dollars, Millions) 2004 $1,075 $1,464 $4,639 $18 <$0.5 nrb $7,196 $591 nr $5,083 nr nr $65 $2 nr nr $110 $5,851 $13,047 Percent Change -8% -6% -23% 0% n/a n/a -18% 3,183% n/a 2,999% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 3,115% 45% a The CWNS did not collect data on recycled water distribution in 2000 b Not reported 0 The actual NFS pollution control needs are expected to be higher since documenting and reporting their costs is difficult. 1 Costs in the CWNS are generally eligible for funding under the Clean Water Act State Revolving Fund (CWSRF). All needs are capital needs except stormwater management needs, which include program development costs. The survey is a "snapshot" of data and needs; needs are as of January 1, 2004, and all costs are in January 2004 dollars. ------- Pennsylvania dean Watersheds Needs Survey 2004 The enactment of the Clean Water Act (CWA) in 1972 resulted in dramatic improvements in the: • Number of wastewater treatment plants. • Percentage of the population served by wastewater treatment plants. • Level of effluent treatment from wastewater treatment plants. In 2004, 81% of Pennsylvania residents received centralized wastewater treatment services at the secondary, greater than secondary, or no discharge treatment level, compared to 41% in 1972. Number of Centralized Treatment Facilities and Population Served Treatment Level Number of Facilities 1972 2004 Projected" 1972 Population Served % Total % Total Population Population 1972 2004 2004" Projected3 Less than Secondary Secondary Greater than Secondary No Discharge Total 70 244 157 0 471 0 419 420 7 846 0 496 459 8 3,461,000 3,146,000 1,645,000 0 963 8,252,000 29.3% 26.6% 13.9% 0% 69.8% 0 5,871,941 4,156,749 9,371 10,038,061 0% 47.3% 33.5% <0.1% 80.9% 0 5,753,995 4,854,311 13,177 10,621,483 a Number of facilities and population served if all needs documented in the CWNS 2004 are met. b The remaining population is largely served by home and cluster sewage treatment systems. (Number of facilities from Tables C-7 and C-8 of the CWNS 2004 Report to Congress) What are treatment levels? • Less than secondary treatment removes solids by filtration, sedimentation, and chemical coagulation. • Secondary treatment removes most of the organic matter in wastewater using biological processes. • Greater than secondary treatment removes additional organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, or toxics. • No discharge facilities include facilities that reuse wastewater, discharge to an underground aquifer, or dispose of wastewater via methods such as irrigation or evaporation. The CWA goals of fishable, swimmable and drinkable waters require secondary or greater treatment. Small communities often need additional assistance to meet CWA requirements, because they often lack adequate financing, training, and economies of scale to efficiently manage and maintain wastewater treatment systems. In Pennsylvania, small community wastewater facilities serve 32% of the population and comprise 21% of total wastewater treatment and collection needs. EPA small community support information is available at: www. epa. gov/owm/mab/smcomm Reported Needs for Facilities in Small Communities Population < 1,000 1,000-3,499 3,500-10,000 Total Facilities 2000 2004 189 229 121 539 163 135 103 Needs (2004 Dollars, Millions) 2000 2004 $375 $999 $615 401 $1,989 $366 $643 $493 $1,502 Detailed Reports to Congress Other state fact sheets Maps, charts, and data downloads for watersheds, counties, congressional districts, states, and regions Office of Water, Office of Wastewater Management; 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W. (Mailcode 4204M), Washington, DC 20460 EPA-XXX-X-XX-XXX; Month XX, 2007 ------- |