&EPA
United States
Envirofunmlal Protection
Agnncy
Health Risk and Exposure Assessment
for Ozone
Final Report
Chapter 6 Appendices
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EPA-452/R-14-004d
August 2014
Health Risk and Exposure Assessment for Ozone
Final Report
Chapter 6 Appendices
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air and Radiation
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Health and Environmental Impacts Division
Risk and Benefits Group
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
-------
DISCLAIMER
This final document has been prepared by staff from the Risk and Benefits Group, Health
and Environmental Impacts Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. Any findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do
not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency.
Questions related to this document should be addressed to Dr. Bryan Hubbell, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, C539-07,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 (email: hubbell.bryan@epa.gov).
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CHAPTER 6 APPENDICES
Title Pages
APPENDIX 6A: Probabilistic Population Exposure-Response (6A-1 to 6A-5)
Relationships
APPENDIX 6B: Lung Function Risk Estimates Based on the MSS (6B-1 to 6B-45)
Model
APPENDIX 6C: Comparison of E-R Function Risk Results With the (6C-1 to 6C-1)
2007 Review
APPENDIX 6D: Comparison of the MSS Model with Results from (6D-1 to 6D-5)
a Clinical Study with Children Ages 8-11
APPENDIX 6E: Factors Related to Age (6E-1 to 6E-19)
APPENDIX 6F: Comparison of APEX Simulation Results Using (6F-1 to 6F-1)
Monitors and Tracts Air Quality
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APPENDIX 6A
Probabilistic Population Exposure-Response Relationships
List of Tables
Table 6A-1. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for FEV1 Decrement^ 10%, >
15%, and > 20% for 6.6-Hour Exposures at Moderate Exertion with Functional
Mix of 90% Logistic and 10% Linear Form, Ages 18-35 6A-4
List of Figures
Figure 6A-1. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for FEV1 Decrement > 10% for
8-Hour Exposures at Moderate Exertion, Ages 18-35. Values associated with
data points are the number of subject-exposures at each exposure
concentration 6A-1
Figure 6 A-2. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for FEV1 Decrement^ 15% for
8-Hour Exposures At Moderate Exertion, Ages 18-35. Values associated with
data points are the number of subject-exposures at each exposure
concentration 6A-2
Figure 6A-3. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for FEV1 Decrement > 20% for
8-Hour Exposures At Moderate Exertion, Ages 18-35. Values associated with
data points are the number of subject-exposures at each exposure
concentration 6A-3
6A-i
-------
This Appendix shows the probabilistic exposure-response relationships for lung function
decrements associated with 8-hour Cb exposures occurring at moderate exertion. The 2.5th
percentile, median (50th percentile), and 97.5th percentile exposure-response functions for
changes in FEVi > 10%, > 15% and > 20% are shown in Figures 6A-1 through 6A-3, along with
the response data to which they were fit. The values of the function are provided in Table 6A-1.
90%
80%
— -97.5th Pctl (FEV1>10%)
Median (FEV1>10%)
2.5th Pctl (FEV1>10%)
• Data for FEV1>10%
Functional form mix:
90% logistic &
10% linear
0.02
0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
Ozone Exposure (ppm)
0.14
0.16
Figure 6A-1. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for FEV Decrement > 10%
for 8-Hour Exposures at Moderate Exertion, Ages 18-35. Values associated with data
points are the number of subject-exposures at each exposure concentration.
6A-1
-------
70% -
60%
0%
— -97.5th Pctl (FEV1>15%)
Median (FEV1>15%)
2.5th Pctl (FEV1>15%)
« Data for FEV1>15%
Functional form mix:
90% logistic &
10% linear
0.02
0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
Ozone Exposure (ppm)
0.14
0.16
Figure 6A-2. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for FEVi Decrement > 15%
for 8-Hour Exposures At Moderate Exertion, Ages 18-35. Values associated with data
points are the number of subject-exposures at each exposure concentration.
6A-2
-------
70% -
60%
0%
— -97.5th Pctl (FEV1>20%)
Median (FEV1>20%)
2.5th Pctl (FEV1>20%)
« Data for FEV1>20%
Functional form mix:
90% logistic &
10% linear
0.02
0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
Ozone Exposure (ppm)
0.14
0.16
Figure 6A-3. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for FEVi Decrement > 20%
for 8-Hour Exposures At Moderate Exertion, Ages 18-35. Values associated with data
points are the number of subject-exposures at each exposure concentration.
6A-3
-------
Table 6A-1. Probabilistic Exposure-Response Relationships for
15%, and > 20% for 6.6-Hour Exposures at Moderate Exertion
90% Logistic and 10% Linear Form, Ages 18-35.
FEVi Decrement > 10%, >
with Functional Mix of
03
(ppm)
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
0.06
0.065
0.07
0.075
0.08
0.085
0.09
0.095
0.1
0.105
0.11
0.115
0.12
0.125
0.13
0.135
0.14
0.145
0.15
0.155
0.16
>_10%
2.5% median 97.5%
000
0 0.0008 0.0018
0 0.0019 0.0041
0 0.0035 0.0070
0 0.0056 0.0106
0 0.0084 0.0153
0 0.0123 0.0213
0 0.0176 0.0289
0.0095 0.0249 0.0389
0.0225 0.0362 0.0550
0.0325 0.0495 0.0848
0.0464 0.0665 0.1168
0.0653 0.0883 0.1492
0.0901 0.1160 0.1818
0.1213 0.1497 0.2146
0.1586 0.1905 0.2475
0.2010 0.2378 0.2835
0.2473 0.2894 0.3319
0.2951 0.3415 0.3907
0.3428 0.3948 0.4511
0.3825 0.4474 0.5079
0.4178 0.4961 0.5604
0.4496 0.5393 0.6089
0.4796 0.5756 0.6520
0.5080 0.6055 0.6921
0.5319 0.6292 0.7273
0.5517 0.6477 0.7557
0.5637 0.6639 0.7819
0.5715 0.6774 0.8026
0.5757 0.6893 0.8209
0.5786 0.6999 0.8356
0.5805 0.7084 0.8467
0.5819 0.7133 0.8603
>_15%
2.5% median 97.5%
000
0 0.0001 0.0002
0 0.0002 0.0006
0 0.0004 0.0010
0 0.0007 0.0017
0 0.0011 0.0027
0 0.0018 0.0041
0 0.0029 0.0060
0 0.0045 0.0088
0 0.0070 0.0129
0 0.0109 0.0188
0 0.0167 0.0270
0.0152 0.0260 0.0393
0.0271 0.0404 0.0609
0.0427 0.0595 0.0906
0.0647 0.0860 0.1223
0.0934 0.1212 0.1577
0.1287 0.1642 0.2018
0.1700 0.2115 0.2590
0.2121 0.2614 0.3181
0.2479 0.3116 0.3747
0.2810 0.3560 0.4242
0.3099 0.3922 0.4656
0.3349 0.4199 0.4990
0.3569 0.4408 0.5242
0.3737 0.4567 0.5439
0.3838 0.4695 0.5581
0.3895 0.4789 0.5677
0.3920 0.4867 0.5784
0.3934 0.4912 0.5957
0.3945 0.4941 0.6166
0.3951 0.4959 0.6449
0.3955 0.4968 0.6749
^20%
2.5% median 97.5%
000
0 0 0.0001
0 0 0.0002
0 0.0001 0.0003
0 0.0001 0.0006
0 0.0002 0.0009
0 0.0003 0.0015
0 0.0006 0.0023
0 0.0011 0.0036
0 0.0019 0.0055
0 0.0033 0.0084
0 0.0060 0.0150
0.0052 0.0108 0.0383
0.0099 0.0180 0.0635
0.0180 0.0296 0.0887
0.0312 0.0476 0.1147
0.0508 0.0738 0.1404
0.0765 0.1083 0.1675
0.1069 0.1482 0.1981
0.1388 0.1879 0.2376
0.1703 0.2219 0.2762
0.1954 0.2493 0.3055
0.2134 0.2704 0.3277
0.2245 0.2853 0.3462
0.2299 0.2952 0.3650
0.2340 0.3012 0.3859
0.2362 0.3047 0.4082
0.2368 0.3068 0.4346
0.2373 0.3082 0.4603
0.2375 0.3089 0.4868
0.2378 0.3093 0.5138
0.2379 0.3096 0.5406
0.2379 0.3097 0.5668
6A-4
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6A-5
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APPENDIX 6B
Lung Function Risk Estimates Based on the MSS Model
List of Tables
Table 6B-1. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Atlanta 6B-1
Table 6B-2. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Baltimore 6B-2
Table 6B-3. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Boston 6B-3
Table 6B-4. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Chicago 6B-4
Table 6B-5. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Cleveland 6B-5
Table 6B-6. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Dallas 6B-6
Table 6B-7. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Denver 6B-7
Table 6B-8. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Detroit 6B-8
Table 6B-9. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Houston 6B-9
Table 6B-10. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study area=Los
Angeles 6B-10
Table 6B-11. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=New York 6B-11
Table 6B-12. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Philadelphia 6B-12
Table 6B-13. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area= Sacramento 6B-13
Table 6B-14. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study area=St.
Louis 6B-14
Table 6B-15. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Washington, DC 6B-15
Table 6B-16. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Atlanta 6B-16
Table 6B-17. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Baltimore 6B-17
6B-i
-------
Table 6B-18. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Boston 6B-18
Table 6B-19. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Chicago 6B-19
Table 6B-20. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Cleveland 6B-20
Table 6B-21. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Dallas 6B-21
Table 6B-22. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Denver 6B-22
Table 6B-23. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Detroit 6B-23
Table 6B-24. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Houston 6B-24
Table 6B-25. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study area=Los
Angeles 6B-25
Table 6B-26. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=New York 6B-26
Table 6B-27. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Philadelphia 6B-27
Table 6B-28. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area= Sacramento 6B-28
Table 6B-29. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study area=St.
Louis 6B-29
Table 6B-30. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Washington, DC 6B-30
Table 6B-31. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Atlanta 6B-31
Table 6B-32. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Baltimore 6B-32
Table 6B-33. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Boston 6B-33
Table 6B-34. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Chicago 6B-34
Table 6B-35. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Cleveland 6B-35
Table 6B-36. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Dallas 6B-36
Table 6B-37. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Denver 6B-37
Table 6B-38. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Detroit 6B-38
Table 6B-39. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Houston 6B-39
Table 6B-40. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Los Angeles 6B-40
6B-ii
-------
Table 6B-41. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=New York 6B-41
Table 6B-42. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Philadelphia 6B-42
Table 6B-43. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area= Sacramento 6B-43
Table 6B-44. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=St. Louis 6B-44
Table 6B-45. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10, 15, 20%. Study
area=Washington, DC 6B-45
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Table 6B-1. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Atlanta.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
10.05%
13.22%
15.85%
19.21%
30.77%
9.98%
13.13%
15.77%
18.99%
30.20%
7.03%
9.77%
9.09%
12.17%
11.00%
15.41%
13.36%
19.22%
22.62%
7.36%
9.29%
11.88%
14.94%
17.36%
9.84%
12.10%
14.86%
18.09%
20.59%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1 .66%
2.75%
3.80%
5.29%
11.72%
1.77%
2.72%
3.80%
5.18%
11.32%
0.90%
1.70%
1.51%
2.48%
2.09%
3.76%
2.97%
5.55%
7.22%
1.10%
1 .66%
2.48%
3.69%
4.89%
1.56%
2.23%
3.25%
4.55%
5.73%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.47%
0.87%
1.36%
2.05%
5.76%
0.51%
0.90%
1.34%
2.09%
5.48%
0.20%
0.45%
0.36%
0.83%
0.61%
1 .40%
1.03%
2.21%
3.15%
0.29%
0.49%
0.84%
1.34%
1.92%
0.40%
0.70%
1.11%
1 .66%
2.24%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.66%
3.62%
4.52%
5.77%
10.76%
2.59%
3.60%
4.47%
5.73%
10.65%
1.85%
2.59%
2.44%
3.40%
3.01%
4.56%
3.81%
5.75%
7.00%
1.92%
2.50%
3.24%
4.12%
4.82%
2.47%
3.11%
3.98%
4.98%
5.84%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.32%
0.55%
0.84%
1.24%
2.92%
0.36%
0.57%
0.76%
1.13%
2.88%
0.23%
0.38%
0.34%
0.54%
0.45%
0.79%
0.64%
1.17%
1.55%
0.26%
0.37%
0.52%
0.73%
0.97%
0.32%
0.43%
0.61%
0.85%
1.11%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.07%
0.13%
0.19%
0.34%
1.22%
0.07%
0.14%
0.22%
0.34%
1.13%
0.05%
0.09%
0.08%
0.14%
0.12%
0.24%
0.19%
0.36%
0.52%
0.06%
0.09%
0.14%
0.23%
0.30%
0.06%
0.10%
0.18%
0.26%
0.36%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.61%
0.87%
1.16%
1.56%
3.57%
0.54%
0.81%
1.12%
1.51%
3.32%
0.41%
0.60%
0.56%
0.76%
0.68%
1.07%
0.87%
1.53%
1.97%
0.39%
0.52%
0.71%
1.00%
1.25%
0.52%
0.69%
1.00%
1.31%
1.58%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.03%
0.06%
0.08%
0.15%
0.50%
0.01%
0.05%
0.08%
0.12%
0.47%
0.02%
0.04%
0.04%
0.07%
0.06%
0.10%
0.08%
0.17%
0.24%
0.02%
0.04%
0.05%
0.09%
0.13%
0.03%
0.04%
0.07%
0.11%
0.14%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.13%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.09%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.01%
0.03%
0.04%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
6B-1
-------
Table 6B-2. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Baltimore.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
9.60%
12.75%
15.62%
18.62%
27.12%
9.61%
12.25%
14.52%
16.95%
23.30%
7.40%
7.92%
9.55%
9.83%
1 1 .45%
11.95%
13.38%
13.85%
19.29%
6.74%
8.16%
9.71%
11.07%
14.55%
10.61%
13.00%
15.65%
18.09%
24.32%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1 .64%
2.82%
3.93%
5.16%
9.74%
1 .64%
2.53%
3.42%
4.45%
7.76%
1.09%
1 .24%
1.76%
1.87%
2.44%
2.62%
3.29%
3.50%
6.03%
0.84%
1 .24%
1.78%
2.23%
3.81%
1.95%
2.78%
3.88%
4.99%
8.27%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.45%
0.86%
1.38%
2.05%
4.58%
0.43%
0.81%
1.18%
1 .68%
3.42%
0.26%
0.32%
0.55%
0.59%
0.80%
0.88%
1.18%
1 .27%
2.69%
0.17%
0.30%
0.45%
0.66%
1.36%
0.50%
0.92%
1.39%
1.97%
3.71%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.41%
3.29%
4.23%
5.27%
8.72%
2.18%
3.01%
3.77%
4.54%
6.74%
1.77%
1.93%
2.33%
2.43%
2.90%
3.05%
3.50%
3.65%
5.38%
1.63%
1.97%
2.37%
2.79%
3.75%
2.66%
3.40%
4.25%
5.17%
7.50%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.34%
0.52%
0.73%
1.03%
2.17%
0.29%
0.43%
0.59%
0.80%
1.53%
0.22%
0.25%
0.31%
0.32%
0.40%
0.45%
0.58%
0.62%
1.16%
0.22%
0.28%
0.35%
0.43%
0.67%
0.32%
0.47%
0.72%
0.95%
1.67%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.09%
0.15%
0.23%
0.34%
0.77%
0.08%
0.13%
0.18%
0.23%
0.51%
0.05%
0.06%
0.08%
0.09%
0.13%
0.14%
0.17%
0.19%
0.37%
0.06%
0.07%
0.10%
0.12%
0.21%
0.10%
0.15%
0.21%
0.31%
0.62%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.46%
0.70%
0.96%
1.27%
2.37%
0.47%
0.66%
0.87%
1.12%
1.90%
0.32%
0.35%
0.46%
0.47%
0.59%
0.62%
0.75%
0.81%
1.43%
0.31%
0.40%
0.51%
0.60%
0.86%
0.49%
0.68%
0.91%
1.17%
2.03%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.03%
0.07%
0.10%
0.13%
0.32%
0.03%
0.04%
0.06%
0.08%
0.23%
0.02%
0.02%
0.03%
0.03%
0.05%
0.06%
0.07%
0.07%
0.14%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.05%
0.07%
0.04%
0.06%
0.09%
0.11%
0.25%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.08%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.04%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.06%
6B-2
-------
Table 6B-3. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Boston.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
6.98%
8.99%
11.79%
13.63%
17.25%
8.88%
11.57%
15.17%
17.75%
21.88%
6.67%
7.67%
8.55%
10.25%
11.14%
12.90%
12.90%
14.95%
15.75%
7.38%
9.43%
11.18%
12.09%
12.39%
7.98%
10.39%
12.77%
14.39%
14.90%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1.06%
1.75%
2.83%
3.71%
5.51%
1.70%
2.77%
4.42%
5.69%
7.82%
0.95%
1 .29%
1.59%
2.20%
2.53%
3.20%
3.20%
4.26%
4.74%
1.36%
2.06%
2.83%
3.26%
3.41%
1 .24%
2.05%
3.04%
3.68%
3.97%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.26%
0.47%
0.93%
1.39%
2.40%
0.45%
0.88%
1 .67%
2.36%
3.77%
0.19%
0.29%
0.44%
0.68%
0.83%
1.16%
1.16%
1.72%
1.94%
0.37%
0.64%
1.04%
1 .23%
1 .29%
0.26%
0.58%
0.97%
1.38%
1.51%
FEV10
ages
19to35
1.73%
2.33%
3.06%
3.59%
4.76%
2.02%
2.78%
3.87%
4.65%
5.94%
1.73%
1.94%
2.20%
2.64%
2.84%
3.35%
3.35%
3.95%
4.13%
1.80%
2.28%
2.71%
2.87%
2.89%
1.94%
2.52%
3.18%
3.54%
3.66%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.21%
0.31%
0.55%
0.72%
1.05%
0.24%
0.41%
0.69%
0.97%
1.39%
0.21%
0.25%
0.30%
0.42%
0.48%
0.62%
0.62%
0.80%
0.86%
0.24%
0.33%
0.45%
0.53%
0.55%
0.23%
0.34%
0.50%
0.58%
0.60%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.05%
0.09%
0.15%
0.21%
0.35%
0.05%
0.09%
0.20%
0.28%
0.46%
0.04%
0.06%
0.07%
0.10%
0.12%
0.17%
0.17%
0.25%
0.28%
0.06%
0.10%
0.15%
0.17%
0.16%
0.05%
0.07%
0.12%
0.14%
0.15%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.36%
0.56%
0.83%
1.03%
1.42%
0.45%
0.69%
1.12%
1.40%
1.96%
0.37%
0.46%
0.55%
0.70%
0.76%
0.95%
0.95%
1.16%
1.27%
0.36%
0.53%
0.71%
0.80%
0.82%
0.42%
0.63%
0.84%
0.98%
1.03%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.02%
0.03%
0.06%
0.09%
0.17%
0.04%
0.06%
0.10%
0.15%
0.24%
0.02%
0.03%
0.03%
0.04%
0.05%
0.07%
0.07%
0.10%
0.12%
0.02%
0.03%
0.05%
0.05%
0.06%
0.03%
0.04%
0.06%
0.07%
0.08%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
0.04%
0.06%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
6B-2
-------
Table 6B-4. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Chicago.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
8.23%
10.45%
12.54%
14.39%
14.55%
10.75%
13.86%
16.95%
19.68%
20.14%
7.07%
8.25%
8.69%
9.85%
10.14%
11.14%
11.17%
11.05%
11.05%
8.16%
9.86%
11.31%
11.30%
11.30%
10.83%
13.19%
15.34%
15.60%
15.60%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1 .47%
2.20%
3.03%
3.94%
4.15%
2.17%
3.39%
4.72%
6.16%
6.48%
1.01%
1.34%
1 .46%
1.85%
1.95%
2.40%
2.41%
2.43%
2.43%
1 .45%
2.04%
2.74%
2.79%
2.79%
2.11%
3.13%
4.16%
4.41%
4.41%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.42%
0.72%
1.13%
1.57%
1 .65%
0.64%
1.19%
1.81%
2.61%
2.81%
0.24%
0.33%
0.36%
0.51%
0.54%
0.78%
0.80%
0.81%
0.81%
0.42%
0.63%
0.89%
0.92%
0.92%
0.60%
1.02%
1 .46%
1 .64%
1 .64%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.21%
2.79%
3.35%
3.75%
3.71%
2.76%
3.73%
4.67%
5.49%
5.55%
1.89%
2.18%
2.30%
2.56%
2.62%
2.78%
2.76%
2.65%
2.65%
2.31%
2.79%
3.09%
2.91%
2.91%
3.13%
3.83%
4.39%
4.25%
4.25%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.31%
0.47%
0.59%
0.75%
0.75%
0.40%
0.65%
0.90%
1.14%
1.18%
0.22%
0.25%
0.28%
0.33%
0.35%
0.39%
0.38%
0.37%
0.37%
0.34%
0.42%
0.52%
0.51%
0.51%
0.51%
0.71%
0.88%
0.88%
0.88%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.08%
0.11%
0.18%
0.23%
0.22%
0.12%
0.19%
0.27%
0.40%
0.41%
0.06%
0.08%
0.09%
0.10%
0.11%
0.11%
0.11%
0.11%
0.11%
0.09%
0.13%
0.15%
0.14%
0.14%
0.15%
0.20%
0.26%
0.25%
0.25%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.45%
0.62%
0.79%
0.96%
0.96%
0.61%
0.94%
1.24%
1.59%
1.64%
0.35%
0.42%
0.47%
0.56%
0.58%
0.66%
0.65%
0.65%
0.65%
0.46%
0.59%
0.70%
0.67%
0.67%
0.66%
0.88%
1.09%
1.07%
1.07%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.03%
0.05%
0.08%
0.11%
0.11%
0.03%
0.07%
0.10%
0.15%
0.16%
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
0.04%
0.04%
0.04%
0.04%
0.04%
0.04%
0.03%
0.04%
0.05%
0.05%
0.05%
0.04%
0.06%
0.09%
0.09%
0.09%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.03%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.03%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
6B-4
-------
Table 6B-5. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Cleveland.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
4.40%
7.68%
10.55%
13.45%
17.33%
5.42%
9.95%
13.59%
17.02%
21.65%
4.79%
4.79%
8.54%
7.50%
11.58%
10.88%
14.50%
14.10%
18.32%
4.31%
6.15%
8.45%
10.58%
12.83%
5.11%
7.79%
11.10%
14.31%
18.49%
FEV15
ages
5to18
0.45%
1 .28%
2.15%
3.26%
5.16%
0.68%
1.84%
3.19%
4.61%
7.09%
0.48%
0.48%
1.37%
1.12%
2.40%
2.10%
3.74%
3.55%
5.53%
0.56%
1.00%
1.58%
2.31%
3.27%
0.48%
1.04%
2.07%
3.32%
5.13%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.06%
0.30%
0.66%
1.17%
2.12%
0.17%
0.58%
1.10%
1.84%
3.19%
0.07%
0.07%
0.38%
0.25%
0.79%
0.69%
1.34%
1 .27%
2.25%
0.09%
0.24%
0.49%
0.78%
1.21%
0.09%
0.23%
0.57%
1.07%
2.08%
FEV10
ages
19to35
1.16%
2.15%
3.05%
4.03%
5.57%
1.23%
2.49%
3.69%
5.02%
6.78%
1.19%
1.19%
2.18%
1.88%
3.09%
2.86%
4.08%
3.95%
5.38%
1.14%
1.57%
2.21%
2.90%
3.55%
1.28%
2.00%
3.00%
4.13%
5.44%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.10%
0.29%
0.49%
0.78%
1.23%
0.12%
0.31%
0.53%
0.91%
1.50%
0.12%
0.12%
0.28%
0.22%
0.50%
0.44%
0.74%
0.69%
1.13%
0.10%
0.20%
0.33%
0.49%
0.66%
0.11%
0.23%
0.43%
0.68%
1.15%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.01%
0.04%
0.11%
0.20%
0.40%
0.02%
0.09%
0.16%
0.28%
0.51%
0.03%
0.03%
0.07%
0.05%
0.12%
0.11%
0.20%
0.18%
0.34%
0.01%
0.03%
0.06%
0.12%
0.19%
0.01%
0.04%
0.11%
0.18%
0.34%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.25%
0.50%
0.73%
0.99%
1.47%
0.27%
0.55%
0.92%
1.32%
2.07%
0.24%
0.24%
0.52%
0.42%
0.77%
0.70%
1.08%
1.03%
1.54%
0.20%
0.31%
0.50%
0.69%
0.88%
0.24%
0.44%
0.69%
1.01%
1.47%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.01%
0.03%
0.07%
0.11%
0.19%
0.01%
0.04%
0.09%
0.15%
0.24%
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
0.02%
0.05%
0.04%
0.10%
0.09%
0.16%
0.01%
0.02%
0.04%
0.06%
0.09%
0.01%
0.02%
0.05%
0.08%
0.14%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.05%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.05%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.02%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
6B-5
-------
Table 6B-6. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Dallas.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
12.69%
15.63%
18.94%
21.60%
29.97%
8.72%
10.83%
13.22%
15.13%
21.44%
8.45%
8.45%
10.48%
10.48%
12.69%
12.69%
14.39%
14.90%
19.64%
9.55%
11.84%
14.38%
17.00%
23.14%
8.44%
10.23%
12.36%
14.56%
19.18%
FEV15
ages
5to18
2.60%
3.76%
5.11%
6.39%
10.90%
1.51%
2.20%
3.10%
3.91%
7.21%
1.31%
1.31%
1.92%
1.92%
2.69%
2.69%
3.46%
3.64%
6.01%
1.77%
2.53%
3.48%
4.64%
7.85%
1.31%
1.88%
2.61%
3.52%
5.82%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.86%
1.38%
2.01%
2.68%
5.33%
0.42%
0.70%
1.10%
1.54%
3.28%
0.31%
0.31%
0.55%
0.55%
0.86%
0.86%
1.17%
1 .26%
2.52%
0.48%
0.84%
1.30%
1.89%
3.58%
0.34%
0.58%
0.89%
1 .23%
2.44%
FEV10
ages
19to35
3.43%
4.44%
5.73%
6.93%
10.54%
2.16%
2.79%
3.53%
4.17%
6.43%
2.16%
2.16%
2.69%
2.69%
3.37%
3.37%
3.97%
4.14%
5.85%
2.40%
3.13%
3.98%
5.01%
7.32%
2.13%
2.71%
3.39%
4.10%
5.50%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.45%
0.66%
0.96%
1.28%
2.69%
0.27%
0.37%
0.54%
0.68%
1.48%
0.27%
0.27%
0.37%
0.37%
0.49%
0.49%
0.64%
0.67%
1.16%
0.33%
0.45%
0.67%
0.90%
1.61%
0.25%
0.36%
0.49%
0.67%
1.13%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.10%
0.18%
0.29%
0.41%
0.92%
0.06%
0.09%
0.14%
0.19%
0.50%
0.04%
0.04%
0.08%
0.08%
0.13%
0.13%
0.19%
0.20%
0.39%
0.08%
0.13%
0.19%
0.28%
0.60%
0.05%
0.07%
0.11%
0.17%
0.38%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.89%
1.20%
1.64%
2.03%
3.59%
0.50%
0.68%
0.88%
1.09%
1.92%
0.51%
0.51%
0.66%
0.66%
0.85%
0.85%
1.02%
1.08%
1.64%
0.56%
0.77%
1.02%
1.39%
2.21%
0.47%
0.65%
0.82%
1.05%
1.63%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.06%
0.10%
0.15%
0.22%
0.48%
0.03%
0.05%
0.08%
0.11%
0.25%
0.02%
0.02%
0.03%
0.03%
0.06%
0.06%
0.07%
0.08%
0.17%
0.03%
0.05%
0.09%
0.12%
0.27%
0.02%
0.05%
0.07%
0.11%
0.18%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.01%
0.03%
0.05%
0.12%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.06%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.05%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.04%
6B-6
-------
Table 6B-7. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Denver.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
12.47%
15.13%
17.78%
20.23%
24.08%
11.41%
13.77%
16.12%
18.24%
21.33%
12.04%
12.04%
14.72%
17.60%
17.42%
20.46%
19.77%
22.50%
23.00%
9.52%
13.48%
15.45%
16.90%
17.25%
10.64%
15.12%
17.54%
19.34%
19.83%
FEV15
ages
5to18
2.31%
3.32%
4.49%
5.64%
7.75%
1.96%
2.83%
3.68%
4.57%
6.31%
2.14%
2.14%
3.05%
4.04%
3.97%
5.31%
4.96%
6.46%
6.78%
1.52%
2.75%
3.58%
4.35%
4.55%
1.73%
3.19%
4.11%
5.01%
5.31%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.72%
1.11%
1 .63%
2.21%
3.46%
0.57%
0.88%
1.30%
1.75%
2.57%
0.62%
0.62%
0.97%
1 .42%
1.39%
2.09%
1.94%
2.61%
2.79%
0.37%
0.88%
1 .25%
1.58%
1.71%
0.41%
1.04%
1 .49%
1.95%
2.12%
FEV10
ages
19to35
3.77%
4.80%
5.74%
6.68%
8.12%
3.40%
4.22%
4.95%
5.67%
6.68%
3.79%
3.79%
4.77%
5.82%
5.76%
7.01%
6.71%
7.77%
7.94%
2.87%
4.23%
4.89%
5.23%
5.36%
3.18%
4.71%
5.58%
6.14%
6.25%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.54%
0.78%
1.04%
1.30%
1.93%
0.47%
0.67%
0.82%
1.04%
1.34%
0.53%
0.53%
0.74%
0.96%
0.93%
1.30%
1.22%
1.55%
1.64%
0.36%
0.65%
0.79%
0.90%
0.94%
0.42%
0.72%
0.99%
1.16%
1.23%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.12%
0.17%
0.29%
0.40%
0.66%
0.10%
0.14%
0.21%
0.30%
0.42%
0.12%
0.12%
0.18%
0.30%
0.29%
0.42%
0.39%
0.51%
0.52%
0.09%
0.16%
0.20%
0.24%
0.26%
0.10%
0.21%
0.28%
0.34%
0.37%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.96%
1.30%
1.60%
1.92%
2.53%
0.82%
1.05%
1.28%
1.53%
1.90%
0.94%
0.94%
1.22%
1.55%
1.53%
1.91%
1.81%
2.19%
2.26%
0.68%
1.07%
1.28%
1.43%
1.45%
0.73%
1.15%
1.43%
1.65%
1.72%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.07%
0.10%
0.16%
0.22%
0.38%
0.05%
0.09%
0.12%
0.16%
0.25%
0.05%
0.05%
0.09%
0.14%
0.13%
0.20%
0.19%
0.25%
0.26%
0.03%
0.07%
0.10%
0.13%
0.13%
0.05%
0.11%
0.13%
0.17%
0.17%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.01%
0.03%
0.05%
0.09%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.05%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.04%
0.03%
0.05%
0.05%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.04%
6B-7
-------
Table 6B-8. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Detroit.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
7.49%
9.57%
11.37%
13.64%
17.53%
9.07%
12.04%
14.54%
17.79%
23.67%
7.05%
8.44%
8.89%
11.07%
10.46%
13.70%
12.68%
15.80%
15.80%
7.31%
9.49%
11.50%
13.11%
13.11%
9.24%
12.12%
14.67%
17.12%
17.12%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1.16%
1.86%
2.52%
3.51%
5.40%
1.54%
2.63%
3.58%
5.08%
8.42%
0.96%
1.38%
1.52%
2.34%
2.12%
3.40%
2.98%
4.44%
4.44%
1.18%
1.92%
2.65%
3.49%
3.49%
1 .48%
2.48%
3.53%
4.77%
4.77%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.28%
0.51%
0.81%
1 .28%
2.33%
0.42%
0.79%
1 .24%
2.07%
3.88%
0.20%
0.35%
0.40%
0.70%
0.59%
1.21%
0.99%
1.78%
1.78%
0.28%
0.57%
0.94%
1.39%
1.39%
0.37%
0.73%
1 .20%
1.80%
1.80%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.03%
2.66%
3.21%
3.98%
5.21%
2.06%
2.88%
3.68%
4.83%
7.01%
1.81%
2.20%
2.35%
2.97%
2.79%
3.74%
3.43%
4.22%
4.22%
2.02%
2.66%
3.33%
3.62%
3.62%
2.44%
3.28%
4.06%
4.71%
4.71%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.28%
0.42%
0.54%
0.77%
1.19%
0.29%
0.44%
0.63%
0.94%
1.65%
0.22%
0.31%
0.34%
0.48%
0.43%
0.67%
0.60%
0.86%
0.86%
0.27%
0.43%
0.58%
0.70%
0.70%
0.34%
0.55%
0.76%
0.98%
0.98%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.06%
0.11%
0.16%
0.25%
0.41%
0.06%
0.12%
0.19%
0.28%
0.54%
0.05%
0.06%
0.08%
0.13%
0.12%
0.20%
0.17%
0.28%
0.28%
0.06%
0.10%
0.16%
0.20%
0.20%
0.10%
0.15%
0.25%
0.34%
0.34%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.47%
0.63%
0.79%
1.00%
1.38%
0.47%
0.71%
0.95%
1.31%
2.15%
0.41%
0.50%
0.53%
0.68%
0.63%
0.95%
0.83%
1.14%
1.14%
0.43%
0.61%
0.81%
0.90%
0.90%
0.54%
0.77%
1.05%
1.24%
1.24%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.02%
0.05%
0.07%
0.10%
0.18%
0.03%
0.06%
0.09%
0.13%
0.26%
0.03%
0.04%
0.05%
0.07%
0.06%
0.09%
0.08%
0.13%
0.13%
0.03%
0.04%
0.06%
0.09%
0.09%
0.03%
0.06%
0.11%
0.14%
0.14%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.04%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.06%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.00%
0.02%
0.02%
0.03%
0.03%
6B-8
-------
Table 6B-9. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Houston.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
8.88%
1 1 .63%
13.82%
16.15%
26.83%
7.40%
9.29%
10.74%
12.31%
19.86%
7.53%
9.14%
9.35%
1 1 .68%
10.61%
13.97%
11.91%
16.18%
18.24%
9.29%
12.02%
14.29%
16.61%
19.11%
9.42%
12.21%
14.54%
16.75%
19.23%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1 .29%
2.27%
3.21%
4.20%
10.40%
0.91%
1 .48%
2.02%
2.63%
6.61%
0.94%
1.32%
1.39%
2.32%
1.89%
3.25%
2.41%
4.30%
5.58%
1.50%
2.65%
3.78%
4.99%
6.59%
1 .48%
2.46%
3.50%
4.63%
6.09%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.29%
0.73%
1.12%
1.58%
5.22%
0.22%
0.38%
0.60%
0.83%
2.85%
0.19%
0.33%
0.35%
0.70%
0.52%
1.09%
0.73%
1 .62%
2.30%
0.40%
0.89%
1 .44%
2.06%
3.10%
0.37%
0.76%
1.21%
1.76%
2.64%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.55%
3.29%
3.92%
4.63%
8.54%
2.20%
2.72%
3.14%
3.61%
5.94%
2.23%
2.68%
2.75%
3.51%
3.17%
4.24%
3.56%
4.99%
5.49%
2.72%
3.52%
4.23%
4.96%
5.41%
2.86%
3.60%
4.32%
4.98%
5.53%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.28%
0.41%
0.57%
0.77%
2.21%
0.22%
0.31%
0.40%
0.50%
1.30%
0.24%
0.33%
0.34%
0.49%
0.42%
0.67%
0.51%
0.87%
1.07%
0.37%
0.57%
0.76%
1.03%
1.30%
0.35%
0.50%
0.66%
0.87%
1.14%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.04%
0.08%
0.11%
0.19%
0.76%
0.04%
0.07%
0.10%
0.14%
0.42%
0.05%
0.07%
0.07%
0.11%
0.09%
0.19%
0.12%
0.25%
0.34%
0.09%
0.12%
0.20%
0.30%
0.44%
0.06%
0.11%
0.17%
0.24%
0.32%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.50%
0.70%
0.89%
1.15%
2.74%
0.46%
0.57%
0.67%
0.79%
1.57%
0.51%
0.62%
0.64%
0.86%
0.76%
1.06%
0.89%
1.30%
1.49%
0.58%
0.83%
1.08%
1.31%
1.55%
0.59%
0.76%
0.97%
1.18%
1.44%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.03%
0.04%
0.06%
0.09%
0.35%
0.01%
0.02%
0.04%
0.06%
0.17%
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
0.05%
0.04%
0.07%
0.05%
0.10%
0.16%
0.03%
0.07%
0.10%
0.16%
0.22%
0.04%
0.06%
0.08%
0.10%
0.15%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.10%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.03%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.06%
0.00%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.03%
6B-9
-------
Table 6B-10. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Los Angeles.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
1 1 .20%
13.55%
15.69%
18.15%
28.03%
10.92%
13.12%
15.08%
17.45%
25.15%
1 1 .60%
11.87%
14.03%
14.29%
16.25%
16.57%
18.60%
18.70%
27.62%
11.92%
14.25%
16.48%
18.55%
25.91%
10.23%
12.33%
14.33%
16.26%
19.70%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1.70%
2.41%
3.21%
4.22%
11.04%
1 .60%
2.29%
3.06%
3.99%
9.32%
1.85%
1.94%
2.56%
2.66%
3.34%
3.48%
4.34%
4.39%
10.51%
1.79%
2.55%
3.39%
4.24%
9.38%
1 .47%
2.07%
2.76%
3.52%
6.34%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.37%
0.70%
1.06%
1 .49%
5.60%
0.37%
0.64%
0.96%
1 .40%
4.52%
0.46%
0.48%
0.74%
0.76%
1.06%
1.12%
1.52%
1.54%
5.26%
0.47%
0.74%
1.06%
1 .44%
4.53%
0.34%
0.58%
0.89%
1.18%
2.84%
FEV10
ages
19to35
4.95%
6.11%
7.31%
8.56%
12.69%
4.89%
5.99%
7.03%
8.31%
11.00%
5.10%
5.20%
6.26%
6.40%
7.49%
7.70%
8.91%
8.95%
12.88%
5.27%
6.40%
7.57%
8.75%
11.51%
4.78%
5.77%
6.91%
8.04%
8.34%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.59%
0.83%
1.14%
1.50%
3.46%
0.60%
0.85%
1.10%
1.41%
2.80%
0.63%
0.65%
0.88%
0.91%
1.18%
1.25%
1.60%
1.61%
3.40%
0.65%
0.94%
1.26%
1.60%
2.89%
0.59%
0.84%
1.11%
1.38%
1.76%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.15%
0.24%
0.33%
0.43%
1.39%
0.12%
0.20%
0.30%
0.44%
1.05%
0.14%
0.15%
0.21%
0.23%
0.31%
0.32%
0.46%
0.46%
1.31%
0.15%
0.25%
0.34%
0.48%
1.06%
0.13%
0.21%
0.29%
0.42%
0.58%
FEV10
ages
36to55
1.02%
1.32%
1.65%
2.06%
4.12%
0.97%
1.29%
1.63%
2.03%
3.40%
1.08%
1.11%
1.41%
1.45%
1.79%
1.84%
2.23%
2.25%
4.08%
1.12%
1.47%
1.82%
2.21%
3.56%
0.93%
1.25%
1.65%
1.98%
2.41%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.05%
0.08%
0.12%
0.19%
0.76%
0.05%
0.08%
0.10%
0.15%
0.52%
0.06%
0.06%
0.09%
0.10%
0.13%
0.14%
0.21%
0.21%
0.69%
0.06%
0.10%
0.13%
0.18%
0.61%
0.06%
0.09%
0.12%
0.14%
0.35%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
0.04%
0.25%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.16%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
0.02%
0.04%
0.04%
0.18%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.05%
0.16%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.04%
0.07%
6B-10
-------
Table 6B-11. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=New York.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
2.43%
9.25%
12.72%
23.21%
2.88%
10.62%
14.16%
23.68%
2.58%
3.85%
9.42%
1 1 .69%
12.74%
16.38%
21.41%
3.31%
8.44%
11.41%
13.83%
4.36%
13.62%
18.63%
23.60%
FEV15
ages
5to18
0.16%
1.85%
3.20%
8.56%
0.26%
2.13%
3.46%
8.52%
0.19%
0.37%
1.85%
2.60%
2.95%
4.56%
7.49%
0.33%
1.58%
2.69%
3.79%
0.49%
3.01%
5.22%
7.86%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.03%
0.58%
1.17%
4.09%
0.06%
0.58%
1.18%
3.92%
0.05%
0.07%
0.53%
0.94%
1.14%
1.88%
3.26%
0.06%
0.43%
0.84%
1 .47%
0.11%
1.06%
2.08%
3.53%
FEV10
ages
19to35
0.66%
2.31%
3.20%
6.63%
0.80%
2.73%
3.79%
6.99%
0.68%
1.03%
2.53%
3.17%
3.44%
4.55%
6.18%
0.93%
2.19%
3.01%
3.53%
1.20%
3.59%
5.19%
6.81%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.06%
0.29%
0.49%
1.63%
0.08%
0.37%
0.60%
1.69%
0.06%
0.11%
0.38%
0.52%
0.59%
0.90%
1.51%
0.08%
0.31%
0.48%
0.63%
0.12%
0.57%
1.03%
1.60%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.01%
0.07%
0.14%
0.62%
0.01%
0.08%
0.15%
0.57%
0.01%
0.02%
0.09%
0.15%
0.18%
0.31%
0.55%
0.02%
0.06%
0.14%
0.20%
0.02%
0.14%
0.30%
0.53%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.12%
0.51%
0.78%
2.05%
0.15%
0.61%
0.88%
2.05%
0.12%
0.20%
0.59%
0.77%
0.85%
1.22%
1.81%
0.17%
0.51%
0.75%
0.94%
0.24%
0.91%
1.45%
2.10%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.03%
0.06%
0.25%
0.01%
0.04%
0.06%
0.24%
0.01%
0.01%
0.05%
0.06%
0.06%
0.12%
0.23%
0.01%
0.03%
0.07%
0.10%
0.01%
0.07%
0.12%
0.24%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.06%
0.00%
0.02%
0.02%
0.05%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.05%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.00%
0.01%
0.03%
0.05%
6B-11
-------
Table 6B-12. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Philadelphia.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
9.21%
1 1 .46%
13.90%
16.35%
25.08%
10.39%
12.82%
15.69%
18.41%
27.22%
8.19%
10.17%
10.17%
12.60%
12.60%
15.57%
14.90%
18.64%
23.84%
7.60%
9.04%
10.75%
12.51%
15.31%
1 1 .26%
13.74%
16.88%
19.76%
24.84%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1.51%
2.15%
3.14%
4.23%
8.82%
1.82%
2.70%
3.89%
5.17%
10.21%
1 .22%
1.84%
1.84%
2.75%
2.75%
4.01%
3.72%
5.38%
8.19%
0.99%
1 .44%
2.01%
2.73%
4.06%
1.99%
2.92%
4.16%
5.51%
8.23%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.35%
0.62%
1.06%
1.59%
4.09%
0.46%
0.84%
1 .40%
2.03%
4.97%
0.24%
0.48%
0.48%
0.88%
0.88%
1.50%
1.36%
2.23%
3.78%
0.21%
0.34%
0.57%
0.86%
1.54%
0.55%
0.95%
1.50%
2.24%
3.70%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.19%
2.80%
3.50%
4.40%
7.70%
2.52%
3.24%
4.20%
5.13%
8.76%
1.92%
2.41%
2.41%
3.14%
3.14%
4.15%
3.96%
5.27%
7.30%
1.82%
2.19%
2.73%
3.25%
4.03%
2.65%
3.43%
4.46%
5.59%
7.45%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.24%
0.36%
0.50%
0.71%
1.77%
0.29%
0.44%
0.67%
0.86%
2.22%
0.21%
0.30%
0.30%
0.44%
0.44%
0.70%
0.64%
0.99%
1.64%
0.20%
0.26%
0.35%
0.48%
0.69%
0.31%
0.45%
0.73%
1.04%
1.63%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.05%
0.08%
0.12%
0.20%
0.57%
0.05%
0.11%
0.17%
0.27%
0.79%
0.04%
0.05%
0.05%
0.12%
0.12%
0.19%
0.17%
0.29%
0.56%
0.03%
0.05%
0.08%
0.12%
0.19%
0.04%
0.10%
0.18%
0.29%
0.57%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.49%
0.66%
0.92%
1.17%
2.48%
0.58%
0.78%
1.08%
1.41%
2.88%
0.46%
0.60%
0.60%
0.80%
0.80%
1.12%
1.04%
1.52%
2.25%
0.40%
0.51%
0.63%
0.78%
1.03%
0.65%
0.89%
1.20%
1.61%
2.37%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.02%
0.03%
0.05%
0.07%
0.26%
0.03%
0.05%
0.09%
0.12%
0.38%
0.02%
0.04%
0.04%
0.06%
0.06%
0.10%
0.10%
0.16%
0.31%
0.02%
0.03%
0.04%
0.06%
0.10%
0.04%
0.06%
0.11%
0.15%
0.29%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.06%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.03%
0.10%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.03%
0.07%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.07%
6B-12
-------
Table 6B-13. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Sacramento.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
9.76%
12.85%
15.25%
17.92%
29.22%
7.39%
9.59%
1 1 .20%
13.04%
21.38%
9.41%
9.41%
12.30%
11.97%
14.43%
14.09%
16.79%
16.43%
27.44%
8.61%
10.98%
13.02%
15.38%
25.55%
6.56%
8.30%
9.81%
11.50%
19.22%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1 .64%
2.72%
3.63%
4.75%
10.91%
0.97%
1 .62%
2.17%
2.87%
6.95%
1.61%
1.61%
2.65%
2.49%
3.44%
3.33%
4.45%
4.29%
10.39%
1.37%
2.15%
2.88%
3.81%
8.97%
0.77%
1 .29%
1.75%
2.35%
5.96%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.42%
0.83%
1 .28%
1.77%
5.23%
0.25%
0.48%
0.69%
0.96%
3.03%
0.49%
0.49%
0.86%
0.81%
1 .22%
1.16%
1.77%
1 .67%
4.96%
0.36%
0.68%
1.01%
1.41%
4.30%
0.19%
0.36%
0.53%
0.77%
2.54%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.40%
3.45%
4.20%
5.15%
9.95%
1.80%
2.35%
2.78%
3.35%
6.22%
2.38%
2.38%
3.26%
3.15%
3.99%
3.87%
4.85%
4.75%
9.51%
2.18%
2.87%
3.56%
4.33%
8.32%
1.66%
2.10%
2.47%
3.02%
5.44%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.25%
0.40%
0.59%
0.85%
2.51%
0.14%
0.23%
0.30%
0.46%
1.35%
0.25%
0.25%
0.43%
0.40%
0.60%
0.57%
0.86%
0.82%
2.27%
0.23%
0.38%
0.52%
0.75%
2.14%
0.13%
0.18%
0.24%
0.33%
1.02%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.03%
0.10%
0.14%
0.21%
0.91%
0.02%
0.03%
0.07%
0.10%
0.41%
0.06%
0.06%
0.11%
0.10%
0.14%
0.13%
0.20%
0.19%
0.86%
0.04%
0.09%
0.13%
0.19%
0.78%
0.02%
0.03%
0.04%
0.07%
0.26%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.50%
0.78%
1.03%
1.31%
3.07%
0.37%
0.49%
0.61%
0.77%
1.76%
0.49%
0.49%
0.72%
0.69%
0.92%
0.87%
1.21%
1.16%
2.92%
0.43%
0.61%
0.80%
1.04%
2.44%
0.32%
0.42%
0.54%
0.68%
1.50%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.03%
0.06%
0.07%
0.12%
0.52%
0.02%
0.03%
0.04%
0.07%
0.22%
0.02%
0.02%
0.05%
0.05%
0.09%
0.07%
0.13%
0.12%
0.48%
0.03%
0.05%
0.07%
0.10%
0.36%
0.02%
0.02%
0.04%
0.05%
0.17%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.12%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.05%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.13%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.10%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.04%
6B-13
-------
Table 6B-14. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=St. Louis.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
8.82%
11.80%
15.20%
18.64%
24.21%
10.00%
13.43%
17.08%
20.80%
27.07%
5.72%
8.23%
7.62%
10.82%
9.61%
13.20%
11.73%
14.64%
15.08%
7.25%
9.64%
11.72%
13.39%
13.86%
9.91%
13.17%
16.14%
18.44%
19.07%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1.39%
2.38%
3.65%
5.11%
8.11%
1.92%
3.16%
4.66%
6.44%
9.70%
0.69%
1.31%
1.14%
2.08%
1 .67%
2.96%
2.46%
3.57%
3.80%
1.11%
1.81%
2.62%
3.29%
3.53%
1.79%
3.01%
4.19%
5.26%
5.59%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.32%
0.71%
1 .25%
2.00%
3.58%
0.53%
1.06%
1.82%
2.77%
4.64%
0.12%
0.31%
0.24%
0.65%
0.49%
1.04%
0.78%
1 .29%
1.41%
0.27%
0.54%
0.88%
1.19%
1.32%
0.51%
0.99%
1.54%
2.09%
2.27%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.33%
3.26%
4.43%
5.73%
7.99%
2.53%
3.71%
5.13%
6.69%
9.20%
1.56%
2.22%
2.02%
3.04%
2.69%
3.79%
3.34%
4.26%
4.38%
1.91%
2.58%
3.29%
3.76%
3.89%
2.75%
3.92%
4.95%
5.68%
5.94%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.29%
0.49%
0.74%
1.12%
1.87%
0.31%
0.54%
0.90%
1.36%
2.30%
0.18%
0.27%
0.24%
0.42%
0.34%
0.60%
0.49%
0.71%
0.76%
0.20%
0.34%
0.47%
0.61%
0.65%
0.41%
0.66%
0.94%
1.18%
1.27%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.07%
0.13%
0.22%
0.36%
0.64%
0.07%
0.13%
0.25%
0.43%
0.83%
0.04%
0.08%
0.06%
0.13%
0.10%
0.17%
0.14%
0.19%
0.20%
0.05%
0.08%
0.13%
0.18%
0.22%
0.10%
0.18%
0.29%
0.39%
0.44%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.49%
0.75%
1.08%
1.49%
2.35%
0.57%
0.84%
1.28%
1.78%
2.79%
0.31%
0.49%
0.45%
0.69%
0.60%
0.91%
0.77%
1.07%
1.12%
0.39%
0.54%
0.73%
0.87%
0.93%
0.67%
1.00%
1.31%
1.59%
1.70%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.03%
0.06%
0.11%
0.15%
0.28%
0.04%
0.07%
0.12%
0.20%
0.38%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.05%
0.03%
0.08%
0.06%
0.11%
0.11%
0.02%
0.04%
0.06%
0.09%
0.09%
0.05%
0.09%
0.14%
0.18%
0.19%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.04%
0.07%
0.00%
0.02%
0.03%
0.06%
0.10%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.00%
0.01%
0.03%
0.05%
0.05%
6B-14
-------
Table 6B-15. Percents of persons with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Washington, DC.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
7.73%
10.45%
13.16%
15.89%
25.95%
8.97%
1 1 .65%
14.33%
16.89%
26.33%
6.99%
7.82%
9.07%
11.12%
11.12%
14.05%
13.22%
17.96%
21.46%
6.15%
8.30%
10.12%
12.33%
14.05%
9.68%
13.39%
16.80%
21.14%
24.63%
FEV15
ages
5to18
1.19%
1.98%
2.94%
4.00%
9.34%
1.38%
2.23%
3.28%
4.34%
9.23%
0.97%
1.19%
1.54%
2.24%
2.24%
3.37%
3.05%
5.11%
6.92%
0.79%
1.31%
1.83%
2.73%
3.47%
1.59%
2.87%
4.20%
6.22%
8.24%
FEV20
ages
5to18
0.30%
0.63%
1.00%
1 .49%
4.41%
0.32%
0.61%
1.04%
1.51%
4.23%
0.21%
0.29%
0.41%
0.70%
0.70%
1 .24%
1.06%
2.12%
3.08%
0.15%
0.34%
0.57%
0.88%
1.17%
0.39%
0.92%
1.58%
2.54%
3.57%
FEV10
ages
19to35
2.01%
2.81%
3.69%
4.51%
8.38%
2.39%
3.20%
4.09%
4.98%
8.64%
1.85%
2.07%
2.42%
3.03%
3.03%
3.92%
3.66%
5.23%
6.29%
1.63%
2.14%
2.64%
3.30%
3.61%
2.67%
3.93%
5.07%
6.65%
7.87%
FEV15
ages
19to35
0.26%
0.40%
0.57%
0.79%
2.03%
0.29%
0.45%
0.67%
0.91%
2.08%
0.23%
0.26%
0.32%
0.43%
0.43%
0.67%
0.60%
1.03%
1.37%
0.18%
0.26%
0.35%
0.47%
0.58%
0.35%
0.63%
0.93%
1.41%
1.83%
FEV20
ages
19to35
0.07%
0.11%
0.17%
0.25%
0.73%
0.06%
0.09%
0.17%
0.26%
0.74%
0.05%
0.06%
0.07%
0.12%
0.12%
0.20%
0.17%
0.33%
0.45%
0.04%
0.07%
0.09%
0.13%
0.15%
0.08%
0.16%
0.29%
0.46%
0.66%
FEV10
ages
36to55
0.41%
0.56%
0.79%
1.04%
2.38%
0.50%
0.72%
0.97%
1.22%
2.49%
0.34%
0.38%
0.45%
0.63%
0.63%
0.94%
0.84%
1.35%
1.72%
0.32%
0.44%
0.59%
0.78%
0.91%
0.59%
0.96%
1.29%
1.82%
2.25%
FEV15
ages
36to55
0.03%
0.05%
0.08%
0.10%
0.30%
0.04%
0.06%
0.09%
0.12%
0.33%
0.02%
0.03%
0.03%
0.05%
0.05%
0.07%
0.06%
0.13%
0.17%
0.02%
0.03%
0.05%
0.07%
0.09%
0.04%
0.07%
0.12%
0.19%
0.28%
FEV20
ages
36to55
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.08%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.10%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.02%
0.03%
0.04%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.01%
0.02%
0.03%
0.05%
0.07%
6B-15
-------
Table 6B-16. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Atlanta.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
86,531
113,815
136,420
165,360
264,811
85,876
113,045
135,727
163,396
259,939
60,518
84,047
78,232
104,765
94,695
132,665
114,951
165,456
194,704
63,367
79,946
102,262
128,622
149,436
84,702
104,110
127,929
155,694
177,202
FEV15
ages
5to18
14,268
23,664
32,675
45,499
100,876
15,192
23,433
32,675
44,594
97,448
7,779
14,614
13,016
21,334
17,945
32,367
25,551
47,771
62,154
9,454
14,268
21,354
31,751
42,091
13,440
19,236
27,939
39,126
49,350
FEV20
ages
5to18
4,024
7,452
11,707
17,618
49,542
4,390
7,721
11,553
17,945
47,193
1,733
3,870
3,119
7,105
5,257
12,053
8,896
19,062
27,091
2,465
4,217
7,259
11,534
16,501
3,485
5,988
9,589
14,326
19,255
FEV10
ages
19to35
30,711
41,706
52,161
66,564
124,020
29,845
41,513
51,526
66,121
122,845
21,296
29,826
28,112
39,183
34,697
52,565
43,882
66,294
80,677
22,162
28,824
37,316
47,501
55,588
28,516
35,891
45,903
57,418
67,372
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,716
6,316
9,627
14,249
33,619
4,178
6,585
8,742
12,978
33,195
2,696
4,390
3,966
6,258
5,218
9,088
7,432
13,478
17,849
2,965
4,217
5,988
8,376
11,187
3,678
4,968
7,028
9,801
12,766
FEV20
ages
19to35
751
1,444
2,176
3,909
14,017
770
1,560
2,484
3,909
12,978
520
1,001
886
1,656
1,367
2,773
2,137
4,178
6,046
674
982
1,598
2,619
3,504
693
1,175
2,022
3,004
4,159
FEV10
ages
36to55
7,625
10,802
14,537
19,524
44,633
6,778
10,147
13,960
18,870
41,398
5,141
7,471
6,989
9,531
8,491
13,382
10,860
19,081
24,569
4,852
6,547
8,876
12,477
15,558
6,489
8,665
12,458
16,347
19,736
FEV15
ages
36to55
424
732
1,059
1,887
6,277
154
578
982
1,463
5,815
270
558
520
905
732
1,232
1,021
2,080
2,984
289
462
674
1,136
1,656
385
462
866
1,386
1,791
FEV20
ages
36to55
19
58
116
308
1,656
39
39
77
173
1,155
19
39
19
116
77
231
154
404
558
58
58
96
193
308
116
135
154
173
250
6B-16
-------
Table 6B-17. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Baltimore.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
48,470
64,421
78,914
94,080
136,983
48,526
61,880
73,357
85,630
117,719
37,391
40,009
48,216
49,630
57,849
60,367
67,580
69,955
97,449
34,066
41,202
49,067
55,904
73,523
53,607
65,669
79,057
91,396
122,855
FEV15
ages
5to18
8,307
14,261
19,872
26,047
49,199
8,263
12,780
17,265
22,501
39,214
5,490
6,263
8,914
9,422
12,350
13,255
16,635
17,674
30,443
4,264
6,285
8,969
11,267
19,253
9,853
14,029
19,618
25,229
41,799
FEV20
ages
5to18
2,253
4,330
6,959
10,339
23,142
2,176
4,087
5,965
8,483
17,287
1,337
1,613
2,795
2,982
4,021
4,429
5,965
6,440
13,587
862
1,524
2,264
3,314
6,882
2,530
4,628
7,014
9,942
18,734
FEV10
ages
19to35
12,758
17,453
22,435
27,936
46,228
11,532
15,973
19,971
24,081
35,712
9,378
10,218
12,350
12,869
15,376
16,138
18,524
19,353
28,521
8,638
10,461
12,559
14,802
19,861
14,095
18,038
22,523
27,372
39,766
FEV15
ages
19to35
1,823
2,762
3,877
5,435
11,510
1,546
2,287
3,104
4,253
8,086
1,160
1,303
1,668
1,701
2,121
2,364
3,060
3,281
6,131
1,149
1,469
1,878
2,287
3,535
1,690
2,507
3,833
5,026
8,848
FEV20
ages
19to35
464
817
1,215
1,801
4,065
409
674
950
1,215
2,728
276
309
431
464
674
740
895
983
1,944
298
365
541
641
1,094
508
784
1,116
1,646
3,292
FEV10
ages
36to55
3,225
4,860
6,672
8,826
16,514
3,292
4,573
6,053
7,799
13,233
2,253
2,441
3,181
3,303
4,076
4,330
5,214
5,634
9,964
2,154
2,750
3,513
4,175
5,987
3,424
4,750
6,329
8,152
14,150
FEV15
ages
36to55
221
464
663
873
2,231
188
287
387
574
1,624
144
166
210
210
353
409
486
508
972
77
122
199
320
486
254
398
596
795
1,767
FEV20
ages
36to55
55
99
122
166
530
11
33
66
110
287
33
33
44
44
66
77
99
99
210
11
22
33
55
88
11
33
55
110
398
6B-17
-------
Table 6B-18. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Boston.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
63,224
81,333
106,761
123,423
156,170
80,421
104,736
137,327
160,686
198,082
60,421
69,431
77,395
92,768
100,821
116,772
116,772
135,303
142,578
66,784
85,360
101,221
109,475
112,144
72,234
94,080
115,593
130,297
134,858
FEV15
ages
5to18
9,588
15,839
25,628
33,614
49,921
15,350
25,116
39,999
51,545
70,766
8,632
11,679
14,416
19,933
22,892
28,943
28,943
38,575
42,891
12,325
18,687
25,606
29,477
30,878
11,257
18,598
27,474
33,281
35,950
FEV20
ages
5to18
2,314
4,249
8,387
12,569
21,713
4,071
7,942
15,083
21,357
34,082
1,691
2,670
3,960
6,140
7,542
10,545
10,545
15,528
17,597
3,315
5,762
9,455
11,101
11,679
2,380
5,228
8,810
12,458
13,659
FEV10
ages
19to35
20,289
27,274
35,861
42,024
55,661
23,603
32,502
45,294
54,393
69,565
20,200
22,691
25,717
30,856
33,236
39,176
39,176
46,228
48,342
21,023
26,629
31,723
33,570
33,815
22,691
29,454
37,174
41,401
42,891
FEV15
ages
19to35
2,492
3,671
6,451
8,431
12,302
2,781
4,761
8,120
11,323
16,307
2,469
2,870
3,470
4,961
5,628
7,208
7,208
9,344
10,100
2,781
3,849
5,295
6,251
6,496
2,714
3,960
5,851
6,763
7,030
FEV20
ages
19to35
601
1,001
1,713
2,447
4,116
623
1,023
2,314
3,315
5,406
512
667
845
1,201
1,424
2,024
2,024
2,959
3,270
712
1,201
1,713
1,980
1,913
578
801
1,379
1,602
1,735
FEV10
ages
36to55
5,072
7,897
11,613
14,416
19,844
6,229
9,633
15,639
19,510
27,341
5,161
6,474
7,631
9,722
10,678
13,214
13,214
16,195
17,797
5,050
7,364
9,900
11,123
11,435
5,806
8,787
11,746
13,748
14,438
FEV15
ages
36to55
267
400
779
1,268
2,403
512
823
1,424
2,136
3,381
289
356
378
489
690
1,046
1,046
1,424
1,691
245
445
734
734
779
378
623
845
1,001
1,135
FEV20
ages
36to55
0
22
156
222
445
111
200
378
512
890
44
44
44
67
67
111
111
267
378
67
89
89
111
89
67
89
133
156
156
6B-18
-------
Table 6B-19. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Chicago.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
156,351
198,453
238,177
273,228
276,315
204,086
263,130
321,923
373,789
382,552
134,319
156,643
165,071
187,020
192,569
211,597
212,139
209,761
209,761
154,974
187,228
214,852
214,560
214,560
205,713
250,403
291,295
296,344
296,344
FEV15
ages
5to18
27,874
41,727
57,625
74,733
78,864
41,268
64,385
89,588
116,919
123,094
19,194
25,453
27,748
35,051
36,970
45,649
45,816
46,233
46,233
27,581
38,723
51,992
52,993
52,993
40,058
59,503
78,947
83,662
83,662
FEV20
ages
5to18
8,053
13,686
21,406
29,793
31,337
12,143
22,533
34,341
49,530
53,327
4,548
6,301
6,843
9,722
10,307
14,896
15,230
15,397
15,397
7,970
12,059
16,899
17,525
17,525
11,433
19,320
27,790
31,087
31,087
FEV10
ages
19to35
49,780
62,841
75,526
84,497
83,537
62,215
83,996
105,277
123,845
125,055
42,603
49,238
51,825
57,625
59,169
62,674
62,215
59,795
59,795
52,075
62,924
69,767
65,553
65,553
70,560
86,375
99,060
95,763
95,763
FEV15
ages
19to35
7,052
10,599
13,394
16,899
16,899
8,930
14,563
20,196
25,662
26,622
4,965
5,675
6,259
7,344
7,886
8,846
8,554
8,262
8,262
7,553
9,555
11,642
11,391
11,391
11,600
15,898
19,737
19,904
19,904
FEV20
ages
19to35
1,794
2,545
4,006
5,091
5,007
2,671
4,256
6,134
9,013
9,305
1,294
1,753
1,919
2,337
2,378
2,587
2,462
2,420
2,420
2,128
2,921
3,380
3,255
3,255
3,463
4,548
5,842
5,675
5,675
FEV10
ages
36to55
11,475
15,814
20,321
24,702
24,535
15,689
24,076
31,838
40,851
42,144
8,888
10,891
12,017
14,479
14,855
17,025
16,732
16,774
16,774
11,725
15,147
18,068
17,191
17,191
17,025
22,574
27,832
27,456
27,456
FEV15
ages
36to55
751
1,335
1,961
2,712
2,754
751
1,669
2,629
3,755
4,173
459
626
626
918
960
1,043
1,085
1,085
1,085
793
1,043
1,252
1,252
1,252
1,043
1,502
2,253
2,295
2,295
FEV20
ages
36to55
83
209
417
793
709
83
250
459
709
793
42
42
42
125
125
209
209
125
125
125
209
209
209
209
209
209
459
584
584
6B-19
-------
Table 6B-20. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Cleveland.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
25,461
44,459
61,047
77,837
100,309
31,345
57,600
78,645
98,504
125,271
27,696
27,696
49,441
43,409
67,011
62,986
83,936
81,580
106,031
24,936
35,599
48,902
61,235
74,269
29,581
45,065
64,211
82,832
107,027
FEV15
ages
5to18
2,585
7,432
12,414
18,863
29,891
3,932
10,664
18,446
26,686
41,012
2,801
2,801
7,917
6,490
13,909
12,131
21,650
20,546
31,991
3,258
5,790
9,169
13,383
18,931
2,774
6,019
11,956
19,213
29,716
FEV20
ages
5to18
364
1,723
3,824
6,786
12,266
956
3,353
6,382
10,650
18,486
404
404
2,208
1,468
4,578
3,985
7,769
7,325
13,033
525
1,373
2,854
4,537
6,974
539
1,333
3,272
6,194
12,037
FEV10
ages
19to35
7,163
13,316
18,850
24,922
34,455
7,594
15,376
22,795
31,062
41,928
7,365
7,365
13,491
11,606
19,092
17,692
25,219
24,451
33,270
7,042
9,721
13,693
17,907
21,974
7,904
12,360
18,554
25,528
33,634
FEV15
ages
19to35
619
1,818
3,016
4,847
7,594
714
1,898
3,299
5,601
9,263
714
714
1,723
1,387
3,083
2,733
4,551
4,268
6,974
619
1,252
2,020
3,029
4,093
660
1,441
2,679
4,214
7,096
FEV20
ages
19to35
67
256
660
1,225
2,477
148
565
1,010
1,750
3,137
162
162
417
323
727
660
1,225
1,118
2,100
81
202
350
767
1,198
67
242
700
1,118
2,087
FEV10
ages
36to55
2,087
4,282
6,220
8,415
12,481
2,329
4,672
7,836
11,216
17,557
2,033
2,033
4,416
3,608
6,557
5,951
9,196
8,752
13,047
1,737
2,599
4,228
5,897
7,473
2,060
3,770
5,884
8,577
12,454
FEV15
ages
36to55
121
242
592
902
1,616
121
350
727
1,239
2,020
94
94
229
175
417
323
808
727
1,319
94
202
350
525
727
81
148
404
673
1,225
FEV20
ages
36to55
0
67
121
188
431
0
67
108
148
431
0
0
27
27
81
67
121
94
296
13
27
27
40
148
0
13
67
94
296
6B-20
-------
Table 6B-21. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Dallas.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
139,213
171,444
207,739
236,916
328,723
95,636
118,799
144,992
165,971
235,178
92,699
92,699
114,946
114,946
139,237
139,237
157,889
163,481
215,421
104,751
129,840
157,702
186,503
253,878
92,605
112,221
135,619
159,675
210,371
FEV15
ages
5to18
28,519
41,205
56,052
70,147
119,621
16,515
24,173
34,016
42,943
79,144
14,401
14,401
21,096
21,096
29,506
29,506
37,916
39,889
65,895
19,381
27,744
38,151
50,931
86,075
14,330
20,626
28,613
38,621
63,898
FEV20
ages
5to18
9,397
15,129
22,059
29,412
58,495
4,557
7,635
12,098
16,891
36,013
3,406
3,406
6,037
6,037
9,420
9,420
12,803
13,813
27,650
5,215
9,162
14,236
20,767
39,279
3,688
6,343
9,796
13,484
26,734
FEV10
ages
19to35
47,830
61,831
79,896
96,646
146,942
30,140
38,879
49,239
58,143
89,598
30,140
30,140
37,493
37,493
46,960
46,960
55,324
57,720
81,517
33,406
43,672
55,465
69,795
101,979
29,670
37,775
47,289
57,203
76,654
FEV15
ages
19to35
6,272
9,209
13,367
17,877
37,540
3,759
5,168
7,470
9,538
20,626
3,759
3,759
5,215
5,215
6,883
6,883
8,880
9,350
16,233
4,604
6,249
9,303
12,521
22,458
3,430
4,957
6,836
9,397
15,740
FEV20
ages
19to35
1,410
2,490
4,041
5,662
12,850
822
1,292
1,903
2,678
6,907
564
564
1,175
1,175
1,879
1,879
2,655
2,796
5,474
1,104
1,856
2,631
3,970
8,387
681
1,034
1,480
2,420
5,309
FEV10
ages
36to55
13,249
17,830
24,432
30,187
53,327
7,494
10,125
13,132
16,162
28,519
7,564
7,564
9,843
9,843
12,686
12,686
15,223
16,092
24,408
8,363
11,464
15,199
20,649
32,818
7,048
9,632
12,169
15,646
24,197
FEV15
ages
36to55
893
1,480
2,185
3,265
7,165
423
775
1,175
1,574
3,759
258
258
399
399
869
869
1,104
1,151
2,514
470
752
1,292
1,738
3,970
352
705
1,104
1,597
2,702
FEV20
ages
36to55
70
211
423
681
1,738
47
47
211
305
869
23
23
47
47
94
94
164
188
376
23
70
117
305
775
23
23
117
211
564
6B-21
-------
Table 6B-22. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Denver.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
69,871
84,762
99,613
113,335
134,884
63,896
77,159
90,303
102,174
119,454
67,416
67,416
82,464
98,576
97,552
114,583
110,735
126,007
128,817
53,326
75,518
86,548
94,637
96,646
59,589
84,683
98,248
108,345
111,077
FEV15
ages
5to18
12,934
18,620
25,146
31,567
43,425
11,004
15,862
20,629
25,619
35,349
12,002
12,002
17,057
22,612
22,257
29,729
27,772
36,203
37,989
8,496
15,403
20,038
24,371
25,514
9,678
17,885
23,045
28,048
29,755
FEV20
ages
5to18
4,058
6,211
9,139
12,370
19,408
3,178
4,950
7,288
9,809
14,418
3,493
3,493
5,436
7,931
7,787
11,726
10,886
14,602
15,600
2,088
4,924
7,025
8,850
9,560
2,311
5,804
8,325
10,912
11,857
FEV10
ages
19to35
28,455
36,203
43,359
50,398
61,270
25,658
31,869
37,345
42,834
50,398
28,613
28,613
35,993
43,963
43,451
52,906
50,660
58,618
59,931
21,627
31,935
36,899
39,459
40,457
24,030
35,559
42,085
46,340
47,180
FEV15
ages
19to35
4,058
5,857
7,852
9,848
14,549
3,545
5,082
6,198
7,826
10,137
4,005
4,005
5,568
7,262
7,051
9,783
9,231
11,674
12,396
2,744
4,885
6,001
6,776
7,117
3,151
5,423
7,498
8,732
9,310
FEV20
ages
19to35
893
1,287
2,180
2,994
5,003
748
1,050
1,563
2,245
3,204
919
919
1,326
2,245
2,193
3,151
2,955
3,847
3,952
643
1,182
1,510
1,838
1,996
748
1,602
2,114
2,534
2,771
FEV10
ages
36to55
8,338
11,319
13,906
16,716
22,021
7,157
9,113
11,109
13,302
16,532
8,181
8,181
10,636
13,459
13,341
16,611
15,731
19,053
19,697
5,909
9,336
11,148
12,422
12,645
6,395
9,993
12,462
14,339
14,943
FEV15
ages
36to55
630
880
1,379
1,904
3,283
473
788
1,077
1,379
2,140
473
473
814
1,182
1,169
1,720
1,628
2,140
2,259
302
604
827
1,090
1,142
446
919
1,169
1,497
1,484
FEV20
ages
36to55
13
118
236
394
748
79
118
210
263
420
66
66
118
184
171
328
276
420
473
13
39
79
105
118
26
92
210
302
328
6B-22
-------
Table 6B-23. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Detroit.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
76,155
97,279
115,661
138,706
178,281
92,227
122,405
147,874
180,887
240,741
71,674
85,871
90,398
112,574
106,356
139,346
128,898
160,654
160,654
74,326
96,525
116,987
133,311
133,311
93,964
123,297
149,177
174,051
174,051
FEV15
ages
5to18
11,774
18,884
25,629
35,734
54,893
15,638
26,703
36,443
51,669
85,597
9,762
14,060
15,478
23,754
21,536
34,568
30,293
45,153
45,153
12,026
19,524
26,955
35,460
35,460
15,089
25,171
35,894
48,537
48,537
FEV20
ages
5to18
2,835
5,190
8,253
13,032
23,708
4,298
8,025
12,574
21,056
39,438
2,012
3,544
4,047
7,087
6,036
12,254
10,105
18,061
18,061
2,858
5,807
9,534
14,129
14,129
3,772
7,453
12,209
18,267
18,267
FEV10
ages
19to35
23,731
31,139
37,586
46,548
60,928
24,120
33,631
43,073
56,424
81,939
21,216
25,743
27,481
34,774
32,602
43,759
40,101
49,360
49,360
23,571
31,139
38,889
42,295
42,295
28,487
38,317
47,462
55,098
55,098
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,315
4,870
6,356
9,054
13,969
3,361
5,121
7,339
10,997
19,273
2,538
3,612
3,978
5,647
5,075
7,819
6,996
10,105
10,105
3,201
5,007
6,790
8,208
8,208
3,932
6,379
8,871
11,431
11,431
FEV20
ages
19to35
663
1,326
1,875
2,926
4,801
686
1,395
2,195
3,246
6,356
549
732
960
1,532
1,395
2,309
2,035
3,269
3,269
663
1,166
1,829
2,309
2,309
1,166
1,806
2,949
4,001
4,001
FEV10
ages
36to55
6,790
9,145
11,317
14,472
19,959
6,744
10,242
13,672
18,953
30,933
5,921
7,247
7,659
9,762
9,031
13,717
11,911
16,438
16,438
6,196
8,848
11,660
13,009
13,009
7,796
11,134
15,181
17,810
17,810
FEV15
ages
36to55
320
732
1,052
1,509
2,629
434
823
1,235
1,943
3,681
412
617
732
960
823
1,349
1,166
1,920
1,920
412
572
846
1,257
1,257
457
914
1,623
2,058
2,058
FEV20
ages
36to55
23
91
160
297
549
91
206
320
457
846
23
46
46
137
91
251
183
343
343
23
137
206
297
297
69
251
297
434
434
6B-23
-------
Table 6B-24. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Houston.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
86,135
112,865
134,158
156,727
260,388
71,809
90,178
104,191
119,479
192,720
73,065
88,687
90,747
113,375
102,974
135,552
115,612
157,041
177,020
90,198
116,633
138,711
161,163
185,478
91,395
118,497
141,125
162,576
186,676
FEV15
ages
5to18
12,541
22,078
31,126
40,742
100,972
8,871
14,385
19,566
25,513
64,194
9,145
12,855
13,463
22,530
18,330
31,518
23,433
41,723
54,146
14,562
25,689
36,680
48,416
63,939
14,385
23,845
33,991
44,922
59,111
FEV20
ages
5to18
2,767
7,045
10,853
15,367
50,653
2,100
3,650
5,868
8,046
27,691
1,884
3,160
3,415
6,771
5,044
10,598
7,085
15,720
22,314
3,925
8,635
14,012
19,959
30,066
3,591
7,359
11,697
17,035
25,650
FEV10
ages
19to35
28,378
36,601
43,529
51,477
94,967
24,433
30,282
34,894
40,134
65,980
24,826
29,811
30,537
38,976
35,208
47,081
39,545
55,422
61,015
30,262
39,074
47,061
55,088
60,112
31,832
40,016
47,984
55,402
61,525
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,081
4,592
6,339
8,557
24,610
2,492
3,415
4,475
5,613
14,483
2,630
3,631
3,748
5,495
4,632
7,458
5,691
9,715
11,893
4,141
6,300
8,498
11,500
14,405
3,905
5,554
7,301
9,616
12,717
FEV20
ages
19to35
432
864
1,217
2,100
8,498
491
824
1,138
1,511
4,632
530
746
746
1,217
1,001
2,080
1,315
2,767
3,729
981
1,335
2,237
3,336
4,946
648
1,217
1,864
2,649
3,533
FEV10
ages
36to55
6,339
8,812
11,206
14,444
34,501
5,848
7,222
8,400
9,930
19,802
6,417
7,811
8,046
10,872
9,538
13,345
11,167
16,367
18,801
7,301
10,460
13,561
16,446
19,566
7,379
9,518
12,168
14,896
18,094
FEV15
ages
36to55
334
550
805
1,178
4,357
118
294
530
746
2,100
216
314
314
569
451
864
608
1,217
1,963
373
864
1,276
2,002
2,728
451
726
962
1,276
1,943
FEV20
ages
36to55
39
98
137
177
1,236
39
39
39
98
432
39
59
59
79
59
137
98
236
393
39
79
137
314
707
59
118
236
255
353
6B-24
-------
Table 6B-25. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Los Angeles.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
405,677
490,820
567,963
657,142
1,014,904
395,362
474,898
546,136
631,727
910,550
420,179
429,748
508,013
517,431
588,296
599,882
673,588
677,250
1,000,103
431,766
516,086
596,892
671,794
938,134
370,395
446,641
518,926
588,819
713,430
FEV15
ages
5to18
61,670
87,235
116,089
152,867
399,623
57,858
82,974
110,932
144,495
337,579
67,127
70,192
92,767
96,205
121,098
126,106
157,278
158,847
380,486
64,810
92,393
122,742
153,689
339,597
53,298
74,826
100,018
127,526
229,413
FEV20
ages
5to18
13,530
25,416
38,348
53,896
202,727
13,231
23,098
34,760
50,607
163,557
16,520
17,268
26,686
27,658
38,348
40,515
55,167
55,840
190,393
17,193
26,836
38,422
52,177
164,080
12,259
21,005
32,367
42,833
102,709
FEV10
ages
19to35
209,305
258,342
308,874
361,723
536,418
206,763
253,035
296,989
351,333
465,030
215,584
219,920
264,472
270,452
316,424
325,245
376,450
378,169
544,267
222,611
270,676
319,937
369,722
486,409
202,054
244,064
292,204
339,821
352,529
FEV15
ages
19to35
25,042
35,208
48,290
63,539
146,140
25,191
36,030
46,421
59,801
118,407
26,537
27,359
37,152
38,497
49,859
52,625
67,725
68,174
143,523
27,434
39,917
53,447
67,576
122,144
24,743
35,582
46,869
58,306
74,378
FEV20
ages
19to35
6,503
10,017
13,829
18,090
58,830
5,158
8,372
12,783
18,389
44,477
5,831
6,204
9,045
9,718
13,082
13,605
19,286
19,585
55,466
6,429
10,764
14,502
20,482
44,702
5,457
8,746
12,259
17,641
24,593
FEV10
ages
36to55
45,599
58,605
73,257
91,720
183,216
43,132
57,260
72,360
90,151
151,372
47,991
49,187
62,866
64,585
79,461
82,077
99,270
100,093
181,422
49,785
65,482
80,807
98,448
158,548
41,263
55,840
73,257
88,132
107,493
FEV15
ages
36to55
2,168
3,588
5,532
8,671
34,012
2,093
3,364
4,485
6,728
22,949
2,691
2,766
4,111
4,336
5,980
6,354
9,194
9,194
30,573
2,841
4,485
5,831
7,924
27,135
2,542
3,812
5,233
6,204
15,474
FEV20
ages
36to55
299
598
1,196
1,719
10,988
224
523
748
1,121
6,952
299
374
673
673
897
972
1,794
1,794
8,148
449
673
1,047
2,093
7,251
523
673
1,271
1,645
2,915
6B-25
-------
Table 6B-26. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=New York.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
93,438
355,415
488,858
892,058
110,662
408,107
544,050
910,301
99,179
147,889
362,176
449,316
489,507
629,524
823,067
127,238
324,300
438,574
531,364
167,429
523,400
716,109
907,060
FEV15
ages
5to18
6,297
70,935
123,164
328,931
9,909
81,770
133,165
327,356
7,408
14,261
71,028
100,013
113,348
175,393
287,999
12,594
60,656
103,346
145,759
18,984
115,663
200,581
302,261
FEV20
ages
5to18
1,019
22,225
44,821
157,242
2,130
22,318
45,284
150,852
1,852
2,778
20,558
36,301
43,802
72,324
125,108
2,223
16,669
32,226
56,581
4,352
40,561
79,918
135,851
FEV10
ages
19to35
32,134
112,329
155,760
322,448
38,894
132,702
184,283
339,580
32,967
49,914
122,979
153,908
167,243
221,232
300,223
45,376
106,680
146,407
171,411
58,433
174,559
252,532
330,875
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,056
14,261
23,614
79,269
3,889
17,780
28,985
82,140
2,963
5,186
18,243
25,281
28,707
43,802
73,620
3,704
15,095
23,429
30,745
5,834
27,596
50,006
77,602
FEV20
ages
19to35
278
3,426
6,668
30,004
556
3,982
7,316
27,689
648
1,111
4,538
7,316
8,612
15,002
26,948
741
3,149
6,575
9,816
833
6,668
14,354
25,929
FEV10
ages
36to55
7,131
29,448
45,654
119,274
8,797
35,467
51,303
119,274
6,945
11,483
34,356
44,728
49,451
71,028
105,384
9,909
29,911
43,431
54,544
13,705
52,970
84,270
122,238
FEV15
ages
36to55
278
1,667
3,334
14,631
648
2,500
3,519
13,798
463
741
2,778
3,241
3,612
7,131
13,520
370
1,852
3,797
5,649
463
3,797
6,853
14,168
FEV20
ages
36to55
0
278
648
3,426
93
926
1,019
2,871
0
93
556
741
926
1,389
3,149
0
185
463
648
0
463
1,759
3,056
6B-26
-------
Table 6B-27. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Philadelphia.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
113,333
141,033
171,101
201,334
308,775
127,899
157,774
193,156
226,639
335,043
100,860
125,201
125,201
155,103
155,103
191,725
183,382
229,475
293,521
93,618
111,268
132,332
154,030
188,531
138,555
169,119
207,777
243,270
305,746
FEV15
ages
5to18
18,586
26,433
38,686
52,068
108,570
22,358
33,179
47,855
63,633
125,641
15,062
22,606
22,606
33,895
33,895
49,425
45,845
66,221
100,832
12,143
17,705
24,781
33,592
49,921
24,506
35,988
51,215
67,873
101,273
FEV20
ages
5to18
4,268
7,655
12,996
19,550
50,334
5,672
10,381
17,237
24,947
61,237
2,946
5,865
5,865
10,876
10,876
18,503
16,714
27,480
46,589
2,643
4,213
7,021
10,601
18,999
6,801
11,702
18,476
27,535
45,515
FEV10
ages
19to35
28,719
36,731
45,928
57,768
101,025
33,124
42,486
55,070
67,350
114,903
25,167
31,665
31,665
41,247
41,247
54,464
51,958
69,140
95,738
23,845
28,719
35,878
42,624
52,894
34,776
44,964
58,484
73,298
97,748
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,194
4,736
6,553
9,307
23,267
3,772
5,727
8,784
11,317
29,104
2,726
3,993
3,993
5,782
5,782
9,224
8,343
12,969
21,505
2,643
3,469
4,626
6,278
9,114
4,130
5,920
9,555
13,630
21,422
FEV20
ages
19to35
661
991
1,597
2,561
7,517
688
1,404
2,175
3,524
10,408
523
716
716
1,514
1,514
2,478
2,203
3,855
7,297
413
661
1,074
1,569
2,506
551
1,349
2,423
3,772
7,489
FEV10
ages
36to55
8,233
11,097
15,475
19,550
41,522
9,692
13,079
18,118
23,597
48,324
7,737
10,023
10,023
13,437
13,437
18,724
17,485
25,415
37,668
6,691
8,591
10,628
13,024
17,209
10,931
14,841
20,183
27,012
39,760
FEV15
ages
36to55
358
551
881
1,239
4,350
523
826
1,459
2,065
6,443
330
633
633
1,074
1,074
1,707
1,597
2,643
5,232
413
523
743
1,019
1,625
661
1,074
1,762
2,588
4,791
FEV20
ages
36to55
110
110
193
248
936
83
165
248
468
1,735
165
193
193
220
220
303
303
551
1,184
28
55
138
193
330
110
138
275
551
1,129
6B-27
-------
Table 6B-28. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Sacramento.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
45,497
59,888
71,072
83,557
136,230
34,448
44,697
52,220
60,794
99,673
43,869
43,869
57,336
55,794
67,248
65,668
78,249
76,602
127,907
40,131
51,190
60,697
71,708
119,083
30,585
38,696
45,728
53,627
89,596
FEV15
ages
5to18
7,639
12,658
16,944
22,146
50,872
4,528
7,543
10,115
13,399
32,415
7,494
7,494
12,359
11,598
16,049
15,519
20,759
20,008
48,454
6,387
10,018
13,428
17,773
41,798
3,583
6,001
8,140
10,943
27,801
FEV20
ages
5to18
1,975
3,872
5,982
8,246
24,400
1,166
2,216
3,198
4,460
14,112
2,264
2,264
4,027
3,776
5,693
5,385
8,236
7,783
23,129
1,676
3,150
4,720
6,589
20,037
867
1,657
2,466
3,583
11,839
FEV10
ages
19to35
11,425
16,415
19,969
24,506
47,327
8,544
11,165
13,236
15,914
29,554
11,319
11,319
15,499
14,960
18,987
18,399
23,061
22,560
45,227
10,384
13,650
16,916
20,586
39,534
7,880
9,999
11,762
14,382
25,855
FEV15
ages
19to35
1,185
1,907
2,803
4,036
11,955
665
1,098
1,435
2,196
6,425
1,194
1,194
2,023
1,907
2,832
2,688
4,075
3,901
10,808
1,108
1,830
2,485
3,545
10,182
607
867
1,137
1,589
4,865
FEV20
ages
19to35
125
462
674
983
4,306
106
164
318
462
1,927
279
279
511
453
684
617
944
915
4,094
193
433
597
896
3,718
87
154
202
318
1,233
FEV10
ages
36to55
2,977
4,662
6,127
7,822
18,322
2,187
2,938
3,622
4,566
10,510
2,919
2,919
4,316
4,133
5,491
5,211
7,205
6,897
17,445
2,591
3,661
4,768
6,184
14,555
1,927
2,514
3,208
4,055
8,949
FEV15
ages
36to55
164
347
433
732
3,131
116
193
260
405
1,300
116
116
299
270
511
443
780
742
2,861
202
279
414
617
2,129
106
106
212
289
1,031
FEV20
ages
36to55
10
48
67
144
722
0
19
19
39
289
0
0
19
10
29
29
87
77
771
29
39
77
116
626
0
10
29
48
250
6B-28
-------
Table 6B-29. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=St. Louis.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
46,537
62,276
80,238
98,364
127,782
52,763
70,888
90,114
109,773
142,865
30,167
43,413
40,195
57,116
50,715
69,648
61,925
77,289
79,606
38,253
50,855
61,878
70,666
73,147
52,295
69,531
85,188
97,311
100,669
FEV15
ages
5to18
7,314
12,556
19,237
26,972
42,816
10,134
16,675
24,573
33,993
51,206
3,628
6,892
5,991
10,953
8,811
15,598
12,977
18,863
20,068
5,863
9,572
13,831
17,389
18,652
9,467
15,879
22,093
27,756
29,488
FEV20
ages
5to18
1,673
3,768
6,576
10,555
18,910
2,773
5,605
9,595
14,615
24,503
655
1,627
1,240
3,429
2,609
5,476
4,119
6,822
7,466
1,428
2,843
4,669
6,284
6,974
2,668
5,219
8,121
11,023
11,959
FEV10
ages
19to35
13,036
18,266
24,819
32,074
44,724
14,194
20,782
28,716
37,445
51,499
8,718
12,415
11,339
17,038
15,048
21,215
18,711
23,871
24,527
10,707
14,452
18,442
21,040
21,777
15,411
21,964
27,721
31,817
33,256
FEV15
ages
19to35
1,603
2,726
4,154
6,272
10,461
1,732
3,042
5,043
7,641
12,883
983
1,498
1,357
2,329
1,919
3,347
2,738
3,990
4,283
1,147
1,896
2,656
3,417
3,628
2,282
3,709
5,277
6,611
7,103
FEV20
ages
19to35
374
749
1,240
2,024
3,569
410
749
1,404
2,434
4,669
222
456
363
702
573
948
796
1,088
1,147
269
468
726
1,030
1,205
550
983
1,615
2,212
2,446
FEV10
ages
36to55
3,651
5,535
8,016
11,011
17,424
4,189
6,190
9,467
13,199
20,630
2,282
3,639
3,312
5,079
4,435
6,764
5,734
7,945
8,320
2,855
4,025
5,406
6,436
6,881
4,973
7,384
9,724
11,748
12,544
FEV15
ages
36to55
234
456
784
1,077
2,059
281
538
901
1,486
2,785
94
176
152
351
257
573
433
831
843
129
269
433
632
667
363
632
1,053
1,334
1,404
FEV20
ages
36to55
47
59
176
316
538
35
117
246
421
772
23
23
23
59
47
129
82
152
140
12
47
82
82
94
23
82
211
339
374
6B-29
-------
Table 6B-30. Counts of persons with lung function decrements > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Washington, DC.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
74,740
101,033
127,214
153,597
250,897
86,751
112,594
138,527
163,246
254,518
67,588
75,640
87,673
107,489
107,489
135,828
127,844
173,592
207,465
59,446
80,206
97,840
119,207
135,851
93,589
129,441
162,414
204,361
238,076
FEV15
ages
5to18
11,471
19,118
28,452
38,686
90,260
13,360
21,525
31,714
41,992
89,225
9,424
11,516
14,845
21,660
21,660
32,568
29,442
49,392
66,936
7,625
12,685
17,701
26,428
33,513
15,339
27,732
40,575
60,098
79,689
FEV20
ages
5to18
2,924
6,073
9,694
14,440
42,600
3,126
5,893
10,009
14,620
40,868
2,069
2,767
3,981
6,815
6,815
11,943
10,256
20,490
29,779
1,417
3,239
5,511
8,502
11,358
3,734
8,907
15,227
24,539
34,503
FEV10
ages
19to35
24,606
34,345
45,119
55,150
102,428
29,172
39,091
49,999
60,908
105,599
22,604
25,303
29,622
37,044
37,044
47,863
44,759
63,922
76,877
19,905
26,181
32,276
40,283
44,107
32,591
48,065
61,943
81,286
96,108
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,149
4,858
6,950
9,672
24,809
3,531
5,488
8,210
11,111
25,393
2,834
3,216
3,959
5,263
5,263
8,165
7,377
12,618
16,689
2,249
3,216
4,296
5,735
7,130
4,318
7,647
11,313
17,229
22,357
FEV20
ages
19to35
810
1,305
2,024
3,036
8,907
742
1,125
2,069
3,194
9,064
607
675
877
1,439
1,439
2,497
2,024
3,981
5,555
450
810
1,102
1,642
1,867
1,035
1,957
3,509
5,578
8,007
FEV10
ages
36to55
6,208
8,524
11,921
15,699
36,122
7,625
10,841
14,732
18,443
37,696
5,196
5,825
6,815
9,469
9,469
14,215
12,730
20,468
26,113
4,836
6,725
8,997
11,853
13,720
8,929
14,485
19,478
27,575
34,120
FEV15
ages
36to55
427
787
1,147
1,462
4,566
607
967
1,417
1,822
5,038
292
382
472
720
720
1,080
945
1,912
2,564
247
405
720
1,102
1,350
630
1,057
1,867
2,946
4,206
FEV20
ages
36to55
90
112
247
382
1,282
90
157
315
517
1,462
22
22
67
180
180
337
270
495
630
90
90
112
135
225
135
315
517
697
1,080
6B-30
-------
Table 6B-31. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Atlanta.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
311,580
458,918
602,077
806,774
1,664,477
313,698
462,384
608,547
811,049
1,686,832
190,256
301,992
273,745
414,882
357,330
577,700
473,609
794,740
990,773
192,567
261,133
360,372
491,901
602,905
304,726
413,284
562,778
745,544
902,605
FEV15
ages
5to18
39,934
73,149
110,599
171,964
488,705
41,918
74,843
111,119
170,539
490,111
18,388
39,376
34,312
64,561
51,333
107,326
79,618
171,310
240,993
22,066
36,526
60,133
96,466
131,452
38,952
61,269
98,796
149,667
199,036
FEV20
ages
5to18
8,395
18,369
31,597
53,894
194,126
8,780
19,081
31,212
53,990
191,623
3,331
8,126
6,489
16,174
11,514
30,827
21,315
55,377
84,047
4,409
8,491
16,058
29,190
42,957
7,702
13,767
25,532
44,324
64,407
FEV10
ages
19to35
56,647
84,278
111,119
151,169
331,451
55,550
81,813
107,673
147,357
329,545
37,065
55,646
51,564
76,287
65,543
108,231
87,667
146,702
182,439
37,065
49,388
67,064
90,209
108,269
51,892
69,086
94,252
124,270
149,841
FEV15
ages
19to35
5,199
9,281
15,115
24,300
70,935
5,988
10,186
14,595
23,452
71,685
3,716
6,701
5,911
9,916
8,010
15,385
11,880
23,895
32,329
4,043
6,007
9,107
13,209
17,811
5,083
7,529
11,264
16,540
22,528
FEV20
ages
19to35
982
1,887
2,965
5,295
23,549
1,078
2,137
3,466
5,699
22,721
616
1,290
1,098
2,195
1,771
3,909
2,927
6,104
9,146
732
1,175
2,022
3,350
4,756
847
1,444
2,619
4,101
5,796
FEV10
ages
36to55
12,188
18,446
25,782
36,391
93,540
9,916
16,078
23,452
33,715
86,954
7,413
11,418
10,513
15,962
13,671
23,144
18,485
34,177
45,268
6,701
9,570
13,806
19,794
25,070
9,839
13,786
20,391
27,785
34,639
FEV15
ages
36to55
443
963
1,425
2,753
11,014
193
732
1,348
2,137
9,493
347
693
616
1,155
905
1,771
1,348
3,100
4,467
347
539
751
1,348
2,080
443
578
1,059
1,906
2,580
FEV20
ages
36to55
19
58
135
366
2,368
39
58
96
231
1,694
19
39
19
154
96
308
212
539
809
58
58
96
231
347
135
154
193
250
327
6B-31
-------
Table 6B-32. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Baltimore.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
161,638
239,557
315,268
408,143
718,727
158,733
226,136
292,071
365,218
584,086
108,617
118,912
151,962
157,960
195,064
207,391
244,771
256,811
402,731
93,947
121,187
154,635
185,774
268,399
190,800
256,845
338,663
420,615
639,151
FEV15
ages
5to18
19,552
38,463
60,113
87,585
203,624
19,408
34,596
51,066
73,214
153,011
11,134
12,935
19,596
20,844
29,946
33,083
43,975
47,752
97,780
8,152
13,211
20,468
27,450
52,215
24,655
40,053
61,549
86,392
167,868
FEV20
ages
5to18
4,131
8,969
16,160
26,356
78,008
3,711
8,119
13,123
21,186
54,678
1,922
2,397
4,717
5,059
7,456
8,550
11,852
13,145
33,856
1,160
2,132
3,667
5,877
14,194
4,639
9,290
16,293
25,638
59,428
FEV10
ages
19to35
22,600
32,796
43,511
56,921
107,479
20,513
29,471
37,999
48,040
79,190
15,420
16,901
21,065
21,860
27,052
28,841
34,353
36,055
57,186
14,437
18,171
22,545
26,776
36,762
25,307
34,066
45,764
57,760
89,827
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,060
4,684
6,606
9,356
21,849
2,342
3,601
4,971
7,047
14,824
1,679
1,900
2,452
2,530
3,325
3,623
4,728
5,070
10,019
1,624
2,121
2,828
3,579
5,479
2,861
4,220
6,517
8,848
17,033
FEV20
ages
19to35
707
1,270
1,977
2,806
7,003
641
1,016
1,447
1,944
4,507
320
376
519
563
862
972
1,193
1,326
2,938
353
464
685
817
1,535
751
1,160
1,767
2,585
5,523
FEV10
ages
36to55
5,313
8,285
11,499
15,697
32,895
4,838
7,070
9,577
13,012
24,511
3,491
3,800
4,982
5,114
6,462
7,003
8,483
9,157
16,669
3,281
4,164
5,379
6,440
9,356
5,379
7,799
10,869
14,581
26,643
FEV15
ages
36to55
287
574
917
1,314
3,634
243
365
574
851
2,408
177
221
331
331
497
608
773
862
1,569
99
166
320
453
696
320
519
862
1,071
2,684
FEV20
ages
36to55
55
99
155
199
729
11
33
77
122
376
33
44
55
55
88
99
155
155
376
11
22
44
66
133
11
44
66
155
530
6B-32
-------
Table 6B-33. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Boston.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
166,848
233,143
331,027
399,858
533,425
221,397
320,193
464,840
573,425
766,769
158,973
192,921
221,397
280,950
311,673
379,124
379,146
458,855
487,019
161,443
218,482
276,256
305,622
312,540
209,005
297,613
392,516
459,945
480,768
FEV15
ages
5to18
18,420
33,036
59,265
82,201
130,431
30,255
56,261
102,089
140,553
215,635
17,063
23,759
30,010
44,604
52,680
71,411
71,411
99,731
110,943
21,379
35,127
50,833
60,488
64,137
24,582
44,181
68,831
89,942
97,929
FEV20
ages
5to18
3,582
7,564
15,750
24,093
45,650
6,518
14,571
30,878
46,918
82,846
2,759
4,316
6,585
10,656
13,237
19,777
19,777
31,412
36,106
4,939
8,943
14,994
18,821
19,977
4,338
9,633
17,575
26,206
29,365
FEV10
ages
19to35
31,056
42,891
59,999
72,079
95,148
36,195
52,702
77,529
98,085
131,632
30,811
35,750
40,733
50,499
55,549
67,807
67,807
80,866
85,360
31,568
41,868
51,656
53,614
54,170
36,062
49,098
64,159
73,013
75,326
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,181
4,805
8,498
11,546
17,219
3,404
6,118
10,990
15,817
24,760
3,203
3,849
4,650
6,563
7,430
9,811
9,811
13,014
14,371
3,493
4,939
6,807
7,942
8,142
3,804
5,495
8,164
9,344
9,877
FEV20
ages
19to35
734
1,179
2,069
3,003
5,117
690
1,179
2,736
4,271
7,453
578
756
979
1,379
1,691
2,425
2,425
3,515
3,915
823
1,313
1,935
2,269
2,247
645
1,023
1,757
2,113
2,291
FEV10
ages
36to55
7,030
10,901
17,219
22,180
31,301
9,099
14,060
23,759
30,722
46,740
7,052
9,054
10,612
13,949
15,795
20,022
20,022
24,916
27,341
6,474
9,588
13,103
14,861
15,372
8,921
14,015
18,776
21,979
23,159
FEV15
ages
36to55
334
556
1,112
1,802
3,203
556
1,001
1,958
2,937
5,206
311
378
445
623
868
1,290
1,290
1,735
2,024
245
556
845
823
868
534
934
1,268
1,424
1,646
FEV20
ages
36to55
0
22
200
289
645
133
222
423
623
1,201
44
44
44
67
67
133
133
311
423
67
89
89
111
89
67
89
133
178
200
6B-33
-------
Table 6B-34. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Chicago.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
473,892
630,952
785,926
890,869
881,897
715,699
1,003,615
1,301,544
1,560,543
1,579,612
405,752
498,094
532,852
626,279
649,312
714,155
705,351
677,853
677,853
454,197
570,782
648,561
616,389
616,389
730,429
935,600
1,093,077
1,064,160
1,064,160
FEV15
ages
5to18
63,467
101,021
144,083
187,562
192,695
106,445
183,181
274,897
372,579
390,897
40,642
56,665
63,675
86,500
92,425
114,874
114,248
111,870
111,870
61,172
90,339
118,463
116,126
116,126
104,776
162,860
218,357
222,780
222,780
FEV20
ages
5to18
13,812
24,994
40,892
57,667
59,836
23,325
48,236
81,952
125,640
134,945
7,803
11,183
12,894
18,109
19,945
28,291
28,833
28,666
28,666
14,855
23,909
32,213
32,338
32,338
23,117
40,308
61,464
65,511
65,511
FEV10
ages
19to35
87,084
110,701
133,484
145,126
140,494
110,660
153,763
200,957
236,675
235,673
70,393
81,868
86,583
97,975
100,729
104,860
102,940
96,264
96,264
88,544
107,155
116,251
103,357
103,357
129,979
162,401
184,808
172,374
172,374
FEV15
ages
19to35
11,058
15,898
20,655
24,494
23,909
13,645
21,573
30,878
39,599
40,642
8,178
9,347
10,307
11,725
12,518
13,645
13,186
11,976
11,976
10,766
13,978
16,524
15,272
15,272
18,068
24,619
30,628
29,459
29,459
FEV20
ages
19to35
2,796
3,672
5,591
6,676
6,551
3,380
5,675
8,512
12,226
12,518
1,878
2,462
2,712
3,296
3,463
3,338
3,130
2,921
2,921
2,837
3,881
4,340
3,881
3,881
4,465
6,176
8,053
7,636
7,636
FEV10
ages
36to55
16,440
22,574
29,125
35,510
35,092
22,157
35,259
48,904
63,550
64,760
12,351
15,439
16,941
20,780
21,698
24,368
24,035
23,576
23,576
16,566
22,074
25,871
24,535
24,535
25,245
34,466
42,520
40,892
40,892
FEV15
ages
36to55
835
1,460
2,253
3,380
3,380
793
1,753
3,296
4,882
5,341
626
835
793
1,127
1,168
1,377
1,377
1,335
1,335
960
1,252
1,460
1,502
1,502
1,210
1,669
2,629
2,754
2,754
FEV20
ages
36to55
83
209
417
793
709
83
292
501
751
876
42
42
42
125
125
209
209
125
125
125
209
250
250
250
250
292
584
668
668
6B-34
-------
Table 6B-35. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Cleveland.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
59,108
125,864
191,704
264,384
373,363
79,062
179,344
279,194
389,682
544,480
68,923
68,923
151,405
127,627
230,306
210,984
315,844
303,241
429,899
58,098
92,822
139,597
189,186
239,192
76,679
137,779
225,970
323,949
455,037
FEV15
ages
5to18
3,918
14,945
28,948
48,364
84,407
7,082
25,097
48,687
80,099
138,749
5,036
5,036
17,800
13,774
35,007
29,971
58,556
55,338
97,091
5,089
10,596
19,954
31,520
46,667
5,413
13,989
31,991
57,115
98,154
FEV20
ages
5to18
431
2,572
6,584
13,262
27,857
1,319
6,113
13,626
25,717
50,908
539
539
3,635
2,343
8,725
7,298
16,521
15,309
30,416
687
2,073
4,537
8,429
14,097
646
2,329
6,557
14,636
30,079
FEV10
ages
19to35
10,542
21,193
32,220
44,284
63,201
11,135
24,774
40,110
58,475
85,606
11,566
11,566
23,132
19,604
35,249
31,816
48,902
46,923
66,177
10,556
15,780
23,226
31,385
38,777
12,333
20,291
32,839
48,188
67,671
FEV15
ages
19to35
673
2,302
4,174
6,880
11,566
929
2,652
4,928
8,429
15,215
902
902
2,329
1,818
4,268
3,676
6,597
6,113
10,879
687
1,454
2,612
4,160
5,763
902
1,952
3,797
6,422
10,906
FEV20
ages
19to35
67
269
808
1,535
3,124
162
646
1,225
2,275
4,268
175
175
458
337
875
794
1,602
1,468
2,733
81
202
404
902
1,495
94
296
902
1,481
2,881
FEV10
ages
36to55
2,827
5,992
9,385
13,249
20,870
3,110
6,665
11,768
18,338
30,281
2,760
2,760
6,517
5,332
10,192
9,115
14,797
13,962
21,691
2,316
3,810
6,301
9,142
11,593
3,137
5,938
9,815
14,663
21,502
FEV15
ages
36to55
148
296
741
1,185
2,222
135
404
875
1,575
2,881
94
94
256
202
525
404
1,077
969
1,818
108
215
417
673
942
81
202
539
983
1,737
FEV20
ages
36to55
0
81
162
229
539
0
67
148
188
525
0
0
27
27
94
67
135
108
337
13
27
27
40
148
0
13
67
135
350
6B-35
-------
Table 6B-36. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Dallas.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
611,002
833,072
1,112,297
1,362,604
2,225,534
319,068
427,460
562,092
680,727
1,054,648
330,908
330,908
444,350
444,350
578,959
578,959
695,432
729,848
1,051,171
373,381
499,510
660,782
842,539
1,263,562
317,329
417,945
541,607
679,223
951,401
FEV15
ages
5to18
93,592
151,053
230,621
312,044
653,288
38,245
61,643
96,834
131,884
271,473
36,084
36,084
58,166
58,166
89,199
89,199
121,829
130,451
241,662
48,182
76,325
118,306
171,421
332,270
34,016
54,055
83,490
120,138
217,395
FEV20
ages
5to18
21,707
40,242
69,184
101,274
257,026
7,142
14,072
25,301
38,527
98,243
5,920
5,920
11,840
11,840
21,331
21,331
31,150
34,204
78,369
9,820
18,324
31,973
52,129
120,044
6,084
11,065
19,193
31,526
69,701
FEV10
ages
19to35
93,991
130,756
181,053
228,812
397,249
52,035
70,147
92,182
113,325
182,368
51,588
51,588
68,503
68,503
89,645
89,645
109,520
115,604
169,095
58,072
79,473
106,372
139,260
216,666
51,283
67,798
88,565
111,281
154,460
FEV15
ages
19to35
9,679
15,904
25,019
34,862
81,212
5,051
7,353
11,417
15,082
34,392
4,698
4,698
7,071
7,071
10,125
10,125
13,813
14,589
26,405
6,108
9,021
14,142
20,626
40,195
4,933
7,470
10,712
15,458
26,475
FEV20
ages
19to35
1,621
3,242
6,155
8,880
24,620
1,034
1,644
2,537
3,688
10,008
681
681
1,339
1,339
2,349
2,349
3,359
3,547
7,564
1,386
2,255
3,524
5,474
12,827
799
1,339
1,997
3,336
7,470
FEV10
ages
36to55
22,317
31,667
46,538
60,280
116,215
10,783
15,246
21,213
27,133
49,145
11,535
11,535
15,481
15,481
20,720
20,720
25,630
27,274
43,554
12,897
18,183
25,042
34,322
58,096
10,830
14,870
19,733
26,593
41,933
FEV15
ages
36to55
1,081
2,091
3,218
5,098
13,343
446
916
1,433
2,161
5,403
305
305
470
470
1,057
1,057
1,339
1,433
3,383
470
916
1,621
2,490
6,225
352
775
1,269
1,926
3,876
FEV20
ages
36to55
94
258
540
799
2,443
47
47
211
305
1,034
23
23
47
47
94
94
164
188
423
23
70
117
305
893
23
23
117
211
634
6B-36
-------
Table 6B-37. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Denver.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
296,332
399,123
504,566
611,559
777,551
265,079
355,435
441,970
527,572
647,027
292,248
292,248
398,059
513,246
505,512
640,947
609,392
730,567
750,014
207,026
336,631
404,703
446,907
455,048
240,590
409,772
506,969
579,467
596,393
FEV15
ages
5to18
41,783
67,691
99,521
134,398
201,419
33,379
55,427
80,074
106,494
153,228
40,116
40,116
64,343
96,068
93,665
137,103
126,165
169,117
178,374
23,833
53,181
72,497
88,347
92,536
28,547
66,877
95,214
118,667
125,364
FEV20
ages
5to18
8,969
16,729
27,536
41,206
71,119
6,237
12,081
19,999
29,926
49,163
7,669
7,669
14,221
24,700
24,004
39,420
35,572
53,037
57,383
3,939
11,766
18,016
23,649
25,593
4,648
15,784
25,369
34,167
37,595
FEV10
ages
19to35
55,427
74,034
93,494
113,637
145,848
49,255
64,763
79,142
93,809
112,403
58,801
58,801
78,525
100,441
98,799
125,311
119,100
140,977
144,811
40,838
64,605
77,290
82,779
83,908
45,841
74,467
91,721
103,014
105,522
FEV15
ages
19to35
6,894
10,072
13,958
17,977
28,166
5,581
8,233
10,610
13,775
18,830
6,894
6,894
10,137
13,998
13,670
18,738
17,478
22,664
23,859
4,491
7,958
10,019
11,529
11,936
4,990
9,428
12,921
15,613
16,572
FEV20
ages
19to35
1,405
2,206
3,611
4,990
8,417
1,103
1,602
2,429
3,493
5,226
1,444
1,444
2,127
3,598
3,480
5,200
4,819
6,605
6,789
1,011
1,851
2,377
2,823
3,046
1,142
2,390
3,191
3,952
4,268
FEV10
ages
36to55
14,379
20,261
25,566
32,263
44,068
12,304
16,860
21,325
25,947
32,999
14,142
14,142
19,736
25,947
25,540
33,419
31,541
38,606
39,774
9,625
16,230
19,618
21,877
22,192
10,492
18,265
23,111
26,525
27,549
FEV15
ages
36to55
880
1,274
2,101
2,955
5,134
709
1,300
1,891
2,456
3,729
801
801
1,287
1,970
1,957
2,797
2,613
3,440
3,637
368
959
1,313
1,602
1,641
525
1,234
1,773
2,272
2,337
FEV20
ages
36to55
39
144
315
499
1,011
79
131
276
368
591
105
105
184
302
289
552
460
683
775
13
39
79
105
118
26
92
236
328
368
6B-37
-------
Table 6B-38. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Detroit.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
219,845
301,189
376,155
477,641
622,017
284,042
418,816
544,354
729,013
1,039,530
204,733
264,655
283,768
385,483
353,750
506,059
456,768
575,789
575,789
210,334
298,766
384,020
416,599
416,599
306,905
449,200
588,661
682,351
682,351
FEV15
ages
5to18
24,028
42,067
60,494
90,124
142,158
35,277
66,895
100,526
158,802
283,585
19,913
31,024
34,957
58,848
51,509
91,884
77,801
120,439
120,439
24,234
43,347
64,746
82,419
82,419
36,328
68,130
106,813
144,399
144,399
FEV20
ages
5to18
4,321
8,711
14,426
24,920
46,959
6,767
16,027
27,709
50,892
105,167
3,086
5,807
6,767
13,695
11,363
24,554
19,662
36,854
36,854
4,435
9,717
17,238
24,531
24,531
6,699
15,249
27,343
41,587
41,587
FEV10
ages
19to35
40,238
54,207
67,696
87,037
109,739
41,655
61,317
81,070
110,082
163,238
35,963
44,902
48,194
63,923
59,054
83,836
75,286
91,427
91,427
40,055
54,733
69,502
72,039
72,039
52,218
73,503
95,336
106,927
106,927
FEV15
ages
19to35
4,664
7,133
9,465
13,877
20,873
4,550
7,430
10,974
17,650
31,459
3,269
4,641
5,098
7,819
6,813
11,728
10,174
14,975
14,975
4,435
7,087
10,037
11,660
11,660
6,424
10,471
14,975
18,427
18,427
FEV20
ages
19to35
846
1,738
2,401
3,772
6,150
983
1,875
3,064
4,572
9,419
640
846
1,075
1,783
1,600
2,835
2,446
3,864
3,864
846
1,463
2,309
2,858
2,858
1,738
2,561
4,298
5,601
5,601
FEV10
ages
36to55
10,311
14,563
18,267
24,531
33,219
10,745
16,918
23,205
33,699
54,641
9,602
11,911
12,826
17,124
15,684
23,525
20,530
26,269
26,269
10,357
14,906
19,319
20,142
20,142
13,169
18,930
26,429
30,270
30,270
FEV15
ages
36to55
480
1,075
1,532
2,241
3,704
594
1,143
1,829
3,041
5,738
457
754
869
1,235
1,052
1,966
1,669
2,561
2,561
526
914
1,463
1,829
1,829
594
1,486
2,332
2,835
2,835
FEV20
ages
36to55
23
160
274
412
709
114
251
412
617
1,257
23
46
46
137
91
251
183
343
343
23
137
229
320
320
69
251
320
503
503
6B-38
-------
Table 6B-39. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Houston.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
318,714
449,772
556,946
675,796
1,248,677
253,617
336,887
401,984
473,244
801,673
269,318
343,187
352,980
469,868
415,526
583,028
482,134
697,855
750,745
332,903
448,869
551,058
651,029
680,290
354,962
485,294
601,004
714,792
772,824
FEV15
ages
5to18
30,694
60,269
88,490
122,756
364,795
20,587
36,385
51,575
69,591
198,627
22,255
33,932
35,973
63,684
50,241
93,868
66,589
130,076
166,638
35,659
65,352
96,125
131,234
166,599
38,250
68,041
101,247
139,457
179,728
FEV20
ages
5to18
4,671
12,815
22,353
34,815
145,188
3,081
6,476
11,402
16,995
68,060
3,081
5,554
6,005
13,600
9,636
23,354
14,366
37,151
53,126
6,339
15,759
27,593
41,939
61,486
6,908
15,681
26,828
40,664
60,446
FEV10
ages
19to35
53,184
70,514
85,782
103,896
201,022
45,629
57,090
66,137
77,481
126,681
48,200
58,169
59,563
77,638
69,061
95,300
78,952
113,532
118,497
57,934
74,792
90,394
105,545
106,840
60,269
77,461
93,907
110,392
116,162
FEV15
ages
19to35
4,494
7,202
9,950
13,522
40,389
4,023
5,436
7,026
8,988
22,785
4,651
6,339
6,594
9,459
8,046
12,560
9,773
16,387
19,213
6,202
9,302
12,305
16,760
19,979
6,123
8,871
11,736
15,484
19,429
FEV20
ages
19to35
491
1,158
1,707
2,826
12,089
707
1,178
1,590
2,021
6,614
765
1,119
1,138
1,884
1,531
3,062
2,002
4,376
5,436
1,236
1,727
2,963
4,357
6,280
922
1,629
2,551
3,690
5,004
FEV10
ages
36to55
10,205
14,385
18,840
24,512
60,976
8,851
11,500
13,581
16,485
32,794
9,930
12,639
12,972
17,879
15,543
22,785
18,467
28,182
31,518
11,775
16,740
21,647
27,044
30,262
12,246
16,603
21,490
26,887
30,851
FEV15
ages
36to55
412
667
1,060
1,590
7,458
177
412
687
981
3,081
294
412
412
824
628
1,276
864
1,923
3,160
530
1,099
1,629
2,512
3,513
510
981
1,472
2,002
2,846
FEV20
ages
36to55
59
137
196
236
1,668
39
39
39
98
628
39
59
59
79
59
157
98
275
530
39
118
216
412
844
59
118
236
353
530
6B-39
-------
Table 6B-40. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Los Angeles.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
1,836,948
2,434,140
3,065,119
3,816,299
5,668,272
1,734,165
2,297,718
2,877,641
3,588,680
4,694,257
1,945,712
2,002,000
2,582,895
2,651,592
3,247,139
3,354,931
4,046,235
4,080,546
5,829,736
1,991,909
2,615,487
3,300,661
4,000,860
5,227,013
1,602,078
2,112,408
2,657,124
3,219,705
3,494,119
FEV15
ages
5to18
216,331
342,961
496,800
700,349
1,699,330
199,737
317,246
454,565
634,791
1,307,856
230,908
243,093
360,154
377,720
517,282
547,257
730,100
740,341
1,683,035
236,888
375,478
541,576
725,615
1,415,573
177,909
277,628
398,053
543,520
848,656
FEV20
ages
5to18
39,245
76,994
126,106
196,896
691,005
34,311
66,828
110,109
174,695
516,534
42,459
45,225
80,582
84,469
129,320
137,767
201,755
204,820
677,400
42,085
80,582
132,684
199,064
539,483
29,153
56,512
96,878
142,103
300,502
FEV10
ages
19to35
446,940
610,796
777,044
982,312
1,415,573
439,316
585,231
741,163
944,338
1,142,430
474,449
489,773
637,782
656,544
813,373
843,947
1,037,628
1,046,300
1,488,680
498,444
660,955
849,105
1,057,064
1,269,957
440,886
579,027
746,545
918,250
844,171
FEV15
ages
19to35
40,814
61,969
91,421
129,769
291,905
42,534
64,660
87,385
122,443
217,976
44,029
46,271
68,547
71,762
98,597
104,129
141,430
142,776
294,970
47,766
73,406
105,848
141,281
236,963
42,235
63,614
89,029
119,005
132,086
FEV20
ages
19to35
9,269
14,950
21,678
30,648
100,317
8,297
13,605
21,005
31,097
68,846
8,746
9,269
14,726
15,548
21,977
22,874
33,339
33,937
92,842
9,344
17,193
25,565
35,582
73,855
8,970
14,577
20,856
30,573
36,404
FEV10
ages
36to55
92,169
127,302
165,874
220,817
421,375
83,498
117,734
157,352
208,482
322,255
94,262
97,850
132,460
137,468
177,685
184,861
234,421
236,813
433,784
102,335
139,038
185,309
237,112
358,285
84,768
119,154
162,510
205,418
232,328
FEV15
ages
36to55
4,186
6,728
10,764
17,043
61,072
3,887
6,055
8,970
13,754
38,647
5,158
5,233
7,998
8,297
11,661
12,633
17,193
17,567
56,139
4,784
8,447
11,736
16,670
47,542
4,859
7,400
10,390
14,203
26,911
FEV20
ages
36to55
374
673
1,570
2,766
17,342
224
523
1,047
1,944
9,344
374
449
822
897
1,420
1,570
2,766
2,766
12,783
523
822
1,346
2,915
10,390
822
972
1,719
2,841
3,663
6B-40
-------
Table 6B-41. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=New York.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
192,061
1,114,678
1,673,916
3,473,774
232,344
1,355,357
1,999,883
3,914,663
208,638
355,138
1,168,204
1,543,807
1,716,607
2,392,896
3,280,324
274,387
943,360
1,372,582
1,671,138
422,646
2,033,313
3,184,571
4,291,285
FEV15
ages
5to18
9,631
156,594
296,334
995,774
16,391
199,840
375,048
1,104,307
12,224
24,911
170,670
259,292
300,686
498,860
869,555
21,392
133,721
237,715
354,860
33,245
345,785
686,939
1,142,182
FEV20
ages
5to18
1,111
35,838
84,826
384,771
2,593
46,950
98,253
415,608
2,315
4,445
37,783
71,213
87,882
167,521
323,282
2,500
29,541
63,249
111,866
5,186
95,197
214,286
419,127
FEV10
ages
19to35
42,783
180,115
265,497
601,743
52,229
225,769
325,782
670,733
44,821
72,231
209,656
269,571
297,260
412,182
572,387
63,341
171,966
241,883
274,572
87,789
328,745
509,694
689,254
FEV15
ages
19to35
3,519
18,706
32,504
118,534
4,352
23,522
40,005
135,017
3,612
6,482
23,799
34,264
39,449
62,786
109,458
4,630
20,373
32,597
41,857
7,316
39,079
77,510
130,202
FEV20
ages
19to35
370
3,982
7,871
39,172
556
4,815
9,168
39,172
648
1,111
5,464
8,705
10,464
18,613
36,394
833
3,612
8,149
12,039
926
9,075
19,262
36,579
FEV10
ages
36to55
9,075
41,857
68,064
187,894
11,576
52,599
77,325
195,951
8,890
15,187
51,488
68,342
76,028
112,885
172,614
14,076
43,709
64,453
77,880
18,984
85,752
144,555
207,804
FEV15
ages
36to55
278
1,945
4,075
19,447
741
3,612
5,186
18,243
463
741
3,149
3,797
4,445
9,723
17,780
463
2,593
5,093
7,408
648
5,278
9,816
19,169
FEV20
ages
36to55
0
278
648
4,075
93
926
1,111
3,797
0
93
556
833
1,019
1,574
3,334
0
370
648
833
0
556
2,408
4,075
6B-41
-------
Table 6B-42. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Philadelphia.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
372,132
500,610
665,626
842,839
1,542,222
445,898
596,348
797,655
1,007,139
1,795,900
317,008
425,522
425,522
572,310
572,310
768,027
723,421
994,831
1,395,710
267,445
335,621
429,295
530,870
696,437
514,350
683,413
916,825
1,168,163
1,600,266
FEV15
ages
5to18
42,431
68,038
109,396
159,867
424,614
57,107
91,388
144,145
208,273
513,303
32,381
53,115
53,115
87,561
87,561
143,676
130,377
213,202
367,617
26,957
41,275
62,229
87,891
141,033
66,331
107,551
171,074
247,565
414,453
FEV20
ages
5to18
7,242
14,043
26,323
44,248
156,921
11,399
22,799
40,118
62,724
197,149
4,708
10,436
10,436
20,513
20,513
39,320
34,556
66,111
136,765
4,598
7,930
13,602
21,670
42,872
13,630
25,800
46,782
77,263
148,550
FEV10
ages
19to35
46,727
62,146
82,467
106,973
214,496
54,078
74,729
101,548
131,010
255,192
40,889
53,996
53,996
73,380
73,380
101,108
94,472
133,791
198,718
36,676
45,487
58,264
72,527
92,820
60,494
81,283
113,085
150,037
215,184
FEV15
ages
19to35
4,130
6,305
9,417
13,547
38,576
4,901
7,985
12,831
18,063
51,049
3,910
5,672
5,672
8,288
8,288
13,905
12,556
20,706
36,566
3,359
4,598
6,250
8,839
13,162
5,755
8,894
14,841
21,945
37,723
FEV20
ages
19to35
771
1,156
2,010
3,166
10,959
771
1,597
2,671
4,571
15,970
606
854
854
2,010
2,010
3,524
3,084
5,507
10,849
496
743
1,212
1,955
3,359
606
1,707
3,166
5,177
11,262
FEV10
ages
36to55
13,162
18,173
25,580
33,014
76,684
14,786
21,450
30,040
40,862
94,940
11,785
15,888
15,888
21,422
21,422
31,307
28,884
43,588
69,415
10,133
12,804
16,356
20,486
27,287
17,485
24,451
35,272
48,654
74,757
FEV15
ages
36to55
771
1,074
1,542
2,313
7,159
909
1,377
2,203
3,194
10,298
523
909
909
1,652
1,652
2,698
2,423
3,993
7,958
468
743
1,019
1,514
2,340
1,019
1,762
2,753
3,937
7,159
FEV20
ages
36to55
110
193
275
413
1,459
110
248
441
688
2,671
193
220
220
330
330
523
496
909
1,625
28
55
138
193
358
110
138
358
799
1,569
6B-42
-------
Table 6B-43. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Sacramento.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
170,427
252,038
319,680
402,611
847,289
113,255
161,141
199,046
245,950
480,946
162,065
162,065
236,143
226,674
296,667
286,090
372,566
361,584
766,690
142,655
198,767
249,466
315,153
649,408
98,372
133,648
168,086
209,951
417,783
FEV15
ages
5to18
21,819
41,065
58,761
83,162
254,234
11,752
21,193
29,785
41,537
118,283
20,827
20,827
38,243
35,748
54,388
51,710
76,139
72,787
222,609
17,359
29,959
42,867
60,929
181,640
9,296
16,328
22,724
32,271
100,588
FEV20
ages
5to18
4,807
10,433
16,521
25,508
100,087
2,495
5,183
7,793
11,656
42,501
4,720
4,720
10,038
9,209
15,182
14,209
23,803
22,358
89,298
3,400
7,562
11,955
18,206
70,687
1,753
3,449
5,626
9,007
34,997
FEV10
ages
19to35
19,160
29,506
38,233
49,542
118,707
13,987
19,256
23,639
29,564
61,410
19,401
19,401
28,571
27,223
36,702
35,305
47,240
45,603
111,868
17,118
23,793
30,431
39,062
89,905
12,667
16,790
20,412
25,470
52,683
FEV15
ages
19to35
1,628
2,977
4,325
6,473
23,370
934
1,609
2,158
3,217
10,384
1,580
1,580
3,005
2,774
4,316
4,075
6,367
6,136
20,904
1,474
2,524
3,555
5,269
17,571
828
1,214
1,734
2,428
7,774
FEV20
ages
19to35
144
539
819
1,378
7,273
135
222
414
636
2,678
337
337
617
549
867
800
1,339
1,272
6,599
222
511
751
1,175
5,606
87
164
222
385
1,859
FEV10
ages
36to55
4,479
7,379
10,144
13,939
40,170
3,034
4,373
5,606
7,273
18,813
4,422
4,422
6,897
6,522
9,325
8,737
12,937
12,292
36,201
3,795
5,578
7,629
10,307
28,292
2,803
3,872
5,038
6,550
16,126
FEV15
ages
36to55
202
453
578
1,031
5,289
135
212
289
443
1,772
125
125
347
308
617
549
973
934
4,701
231
328
511
771
3,179
106
125
241
347
1,512
FEV20
ages
36to55
10
48
87
173
1,060
0
19
19
39
328
0
0
19
10
29
29
106
87
1,060
29
39
77
116
761
0
10
29
48
318
6B-43
-------
Table 6B-44. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=St. Louis.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
150,775
228,252
327,493
440,753
655,057
183,189
279,435
397,715
531,476
778,767
83,128
134,967
121,170
196,833
168,480
256,617
219,394
298,274
310,046
109,668
159,891
208,464
249,338
260,759
179,643
268,424
357,180
428,759
450,454
FEV15
ages
5to18
17,506
34,684
60,415
93,835
171,359
25,685
48,609
80,847
124,575
219,148
7,501
15,844
13,410
28,318
22,163
43,249
33,829
55,208
59,046
12,708
22,760
35,222
46,385
50,574
24,339
45,952
69,765
93,239
101,242
FEV20
ages
5to18
3,230
7,805
15,973
28,283
60,930
5,313
12,685
24,761
42,278
82,344
924
2,808
2,153
6,553
4,751
11,315
8,226
15,107
16,698
2,223
4,997
9,174
12,942
14,674
5,032
11,491
19,904
29,067
32,577
FEV10
ages
19to35
21,566
33,127
48,620
66,664
100,236
24,176
38,335
56,062
77,839
118,058
13,433
20,490
18,500
29,956
25,708
38,206
33,385
43,659
45,367
16,160
23,345
30,424
35,526
36,989
26,399
39,856
53,593
63,938
67,308
FEV15
ages
19to35
2,200
3,943
6,635
10,754
19,319
2,340
4,400
7,957
12,860
23,918
1,240
2,235
1,942
3,464
2,867
5,079
4,002
6,085
6,448
1,533
2,516
3,522
4,622
4,961
3,206
5,535
8,671
11,093
11,936
FEV20
ages
19to35
456
901
1,744
2,879
5,593
538
1,018
1,884
3,440
7,126
222
550
433
831
679
1,275
960
1,556
1,627
316
550
866
1,229
1,404
702
1,404
2,282
3,276
3,628
FEV10
ages
36to55
5,453
8,811
13,539
19,191
33,361
6,483
10,251
15,996
23,953
40,417
3,031
5,313
4,669
8,027
6,623
11,070
9,069
13,012
13,609
4,084
6,026
8,179
9,970
10,742
7,583
11,936
16,499
20,513
22,034
FEV15
ages
36to55
293
620
1,135
1,767
3,745
410
807
1,369
2,375
4,727
105
211
176
410
304
726
503
1,030
1,077
187
386
585
866
924
398
878
1,556
2,083
2,200
FEV20
ages
36to55
47
82
222
386
854
35
164
351
608
1,252
23
23
23
59
47
140
82
164
152
12
47
94
117
129
23
94
234
433
468
6B-44
-------
Table 6B-45. Counts of person-days with lung function decrement > 10,15, 20%. Study
area=Washington, DC.
year
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2008
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
scenario
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
65 (06-08)
70 (06-08)
75 (06-08)
base
60 (06-08)
60(08-10)
65 (06-08)
65(08-10)
70 (06-08)
70(08-10)
75 (06-08)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
60(08-10)
65(08-10)
70(08-10)
75(08-10)
base
FEV10
ages
5to18
247,748
364,391
497,498
647,631
1,298,433
306,564
444,079
601,500
769,492
1,479,875
209,759
244,936
296,780
395,295
395,295
547,924
503,008
768,795
957,591
168,936
250,807
328,584
428,920
500,242
345,048
559,890
774,890
1,079,295
1,325,221
FEV15
ages
5to18
29,307
54,813
88,955
131,510
372,443
36,999
67,476
106,994
154,587
409,914
21,817
27,575
38,236
60,728
60,728
102,136
89,360
169,836
239,246
15,924
30,342
47,390
73,683
97,682
44,286
94,983
155,554
252,134
347,724
FEV20
ages
5to18
5,600
12,640
23,437
39,181
144,960
6,500
14,237
27,418
44,129
151,055
3,576
5,061
7,647
14,372
14,372
28,407
23,976
55,105
84,997
2,722
6,253
11,268
19,276
27,260
8,479
23,594
45,299
84,030
124,785
FEV10
ages
19to35
43,747
63,292
88,101
114,394
234,658
53,936
77,147
103,980
133,129
257,509
38,281
43,612
52,249
68,488
68,488
93,161
85,582
131,218
160,277
32,073
44,331
56,769
71,974
78,856
59,648
97,232
136,458
189,921
230,362
FEV15
ages
19to35
5,106
7,895
11,246
16,307
47,188
5,488
9,402
14,327
20,355
50,922
4,116
4,858
6,073
8,434
8,434
13,180
11,898
21,120
28,362
3,284
4,903
6,703
9,064
11,133
6,703
13,158
20,558
32,816
44,286
FEV20
ages
19to35
1,125
1,822
2,901
4,453
14,170
1,035
1,664
3,104
5,151
15,902
832
1,012
1,305
2,204
2,204
3,891
3,126
6,095
8,569
540
1,102
1,484
2,294
2,654
1,462
3,036
5,758
9,604
13,810
FEV10
ages
36to55
10,189
14,710
21,435
28,655
70,827
12,505
18,961
26,203
34,705
76,562
8,322
9,447
11,718
16,352
16,352
24,696
22,177
37,359
48,965
7,332
11,066
14,732
19,276
22,402
14,845
25,978
37,292
55,083
69,522
FEV15
ages
36to55
585
1,147
1,822
2,564
8,547
765
1,439
2,204
3,171
9,109
315
450
607
990
990
1,619
1,417
3,014
4,341
405
607
1,035
1,574
1,912
900
2,002
3,554
5,645
7,917
FEV20
ages
36to55
90
135
292
495
1,867
90
180
360
675
2,317
22
22
67
180
180
382
292
697
922
90
135
202
270
382
157
360
765
1,237
1,777
6B-45
-------
APPENDIX 6C
Comparison of E-R Function Risk Results with the 2007 Review
In this Appendix we compare lung function risk estimates for school-aged children for
this review and the previous review, based on the population exposure-response (E-R) function
methodology that was used in previous ozone reviews. A single summary table follows (Table
6C-1).
6C-i
-------
Of the alternative standards for which risk results are available for the 2007 ozone (Os)
NAAQS review, the standard with level 0.074 ppm with the same form as the existing standard
(which has level 0.075) is the most comparable for comparison with risks estimated to remain
after just meeting the existing standard of 0.075 ppm. Table 6C-1 compares the estimated
percents of asthmatic school-aged children with responses > 10% and the estimated percents of
all school-aged children with responses > 15% for these two scenarios. The results for Atlanta
overlap, but the existing standard results tend to be lower than the results for the 2007 review.
The existing standard results for Los Angeles are uniformly higher than the corresponding results
for the 2007 review. In the previous review the response was extrapolated down to, and set to
zero below, background levels, which ranged from 0.013 to 0.033 ppm. For the existing
standard analysis, the response is calculated down to exposure concentrations of zero. We do not
expect this to result in much difference; the exposure response function is close to zero at levels
at or near background levels (see Table 6A-1 in Appendix 6A). While the level of the standard
evaluated for each scenario is almost the same, the starting distribution of air quality from which
attainment was simulated is different, since the last review used different years of air quality
data. This will result in some differences.
Table 6C-1. Comparison of existing standard results with the 2007 O3 NAAQS review,
using the population exposure-response method: Ranges (over years) of responses" for
asthmatic and all school-aged children.
Urban area
Atlanta
Chicago
Houston
Los Angeles
New York
FEVi decrement > 10%,
asthmatic school-aged children
Existing 0.075
ppm standard,
2006-2010
min
3.8%
3.5%
3.4%
4.3%
3.7%
max
5.6%
6.3%
5.3%
4.8%
5.7%
2007 review 0.074
ppm standard,
2002-2004
min
4.6%
2.1%
3.9%
1 .9%
2.7%
max
7.3%
6.5%
4.4%
2.0%
6.6%
FEVi decrement^ 15%,
all school-aged children
Existing 0.075
ppm standard,
2006-2010
min
0.9%
0.8%
0.8%
1 .0%
0.9%
max
1 .7%
2.0%
1 .6%
1 .2%
1 .7%
2007 review 0.074
ppm standard,
2002-2004
min
1 .2%
0.5%
1 .0%
0.5%
0.6%
max
2.2%
2.0%
1 .2%
0.5%
2.0%
a Percents of school-aged children estimated to experience lung function responses associated
with 8-hour Os exposure while engaged in moderate or greater exertion. Results from the 2007
review are from Tables 3-23 and 3-27 in the 2007 Os Risk Assessment TSD.
6C-1
-------
APPENDIX 6D
Comparison of the MSS Model with Results from a Clinical Study
with Children Ages 8-11
List of Tables
Table 6D-1. FEV1 responses measured during clean air and exposures to 120 ppb ozone.. 6D-2
Table 6D-2. Comparison of responses from the MSS model with responses from McDonnell et
al. (1985) 6D-4
List of Figures
Figure 6D-1. Clean-air corrected FEVi decrement vs. subject ID 6D-3
Figure 6D-2. FEVi responses measured during clean air and exposures to 120 ppb ozone.
(derived from data in McDonnell et al., 1985) 6D-4
6D-i
-------
This Appendix compares the predictions of the MSS model for 8-11 year old children
using the age term extension described in Section 6.2.4 with FEVi responses for this age group
reported by McDonnell et al. (1985).
Table 6D-1 gives the FEVi responses for a clinical study with children ages 8-11,
exposed to 120 ppb ozone over 2.5 hours at heavy exertion levels done by McDonnell et al.
(1985). The numbers of subjects with clean-air adjusted responses greater than 10%, 15%, and
20% are respectively 4, 2, and 1, corresponding to 18.2%, 9.1%, and 4.5% of the number of
subjects.
Figure 6D-1 shows the distribution of clean-air corrected FEVi decrements across
subjects in the McDonnell et al. (1985) study (the last column in Table 6D-1). Figure 6D-2
displays the last 3 columns in Table 6D-1 and illustrates the variability of responses typical of
these studies of ozone exposure.
Without ventilation rate measurements, this study cannot be used to fit the MSS model
for children. However, McDonnell et al. (1985) report mean values for ventilation rates
normalized by body surface area (BSA) of 32.4 (±3.3) for the clean air exposures and 33.3 (±3.4)
L/min/m2 for the ozone exposures (standard deviations in parentheses). We can run the MSS
model with this study's exposure/exercise protocol for a sample of 8-11 year old children with
exercising ventilation rates sampled from Gaussian distributions with these means and standard
deviations, constraining the normalized ventilation rates to be within 1.5 standard deviations of
the mean. Resting ventilation rates were assumed to be 10.4 L/min (Avol et al., 1985) and BSA
to be 1.08 m2 (EPA Exposure Factors Handbook1). Table 6D-2 compares the results of this
simulation with the results of McDonnell et al. (1985). The agreement is fairly good. Due to the
limited sample size of 22 subjects from only one study and the assumptions made in running the
MSS model, this does not provide confirmation that the age term extension is correct; however,
this comparison is supportive of the age term extension.
1 U.S. EPA. Exposure Factors Handbook 2011 Edition (Final). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
DC, EPA/600/R-09/052F, 2011.
6D-1
-------
Table 6D-1. FEV1 responses measured during clean air and exposures to 120 ppb ozone.
Subject3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Clean air
pre-
exposure
2,256
1,669
1,954
1,675
2,331
2,511
2,281
1,937
1,841
1,431
2,251
1,824
1,670
1,519
1,542
2,372
1,643
2,349
2,519
2,340
1,606
1,824
Clean air
post-
exposure
2,274
1,832
1,935
1,656
2,264
2,490
2,345
1,911
1,807
1,686
2,122
1,789
1,638
1,495
1,465
2,205
1,654
2,416
2,549
2,365
1,416
1,801
Ozone
pre-
exposure
2,324
1,831
1,949
1,709
2,245
2,409
2,252
2,061
1,795
1,615
2,179
1,803
1,794
1,532
1,524
2,233
1,673
2,353
2,545
2,487
1,502
1,836
Ozone
post-
exposure
2,299
1,780
1,845
1,697
2,090
2,541
2,287
1,919
1,714
1,513
2,147
1,700
1,788
1,312
1,191
2,121
1,583
2,287
2,590
2,424
1,592
1,759
-(CA post - CA
pre)/CA pre
-0.80%
-9.77%
0.97%
1.13%
2.87%
0.84%
-2.81%
1.34%
1.85%
-17.82%
5.73%
1.92%
1.92%
1.58%
4.99%
7.04%
-0.67%
-2.85%
-1.19%
-1.07%
11.83%
1 .26%
-(Os post - Os
pre)/Os pre
1.08%
2.79%
5.34%
0.70%
6.90%
-5.48%
-1.55%
6.89%
4.51%
6.32%
1 .47%
5.71%
0.33%
14.36%
21.85%
5.02%
5.38%
2.80%
-1.77%
2.53%
-5.99%
4.19%
CA-adjusted
FEV1
decrement
1.87%
12.55%
4.36%
-0.43%
4.03%
-6.32%
1 .25%
5.55%
2.67%
24.14%
-4.26%
3.79%
-1.58%
12.78%
16.86%
-2.02%
6.05%
5.66%
-0.58%
3.60%
-17.82%
2.93%
a from Table 2, McDonnell et al. (1985)
6D-2
-------
Z.D.UU/0
9n nnp/
1 R nnp/
1 n nnp/
c nnp/ -
Onnp/.
c nnp/ -
1 n nnp/
1 ^ nnp/
_^
i
1
1 1 i
1 2 3 4 5 1 7 8 9 10 1 12 H 14 15 R 17 18 19 20
22
xu
Figure 6D-1. Clean-air corrected FEVi decrement vs. subject ID.
6D-3
-------
25.00%
20.00%
15.00%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
-5.00%
-10.00%
-15.00%
-20.00%
-(CA post - CA pre)/CA pre
(O3 post - O3 pre)/O3 pre
0 11 12 17 14 15 IP 17 18
x-axis is subject id
Figure 6D-2. FEVi responses measured during clean air and exposures to 120 ppb ozone.
(derived from data in McDonnell et al., 1985).
Table 6D-2. Comparison of responses from the MSS model with responses from
McDonnell et al. (1985).
Percent
responding
> 10% FEVi decrement
MSS model
18.4%
McDonnell
etal. (1985)
18.2%
(4 subjects)
> 15% FEVi decrement
MSS model
6.8%
McDonnell
etal. (1985)
9.1%
(2 subjects)
> 20% FEVi decrement
MSS model
2.3%
McDonnell
etal. (1985)
4.5%
(1 subject)
6D-4
-------
This page left intentionally blank
6D-5
-------
APPENDIX 6E
Factors Related to Age
Table of Contents
6E-1 OVERVIEW 6E-1
6E-2 MSS MODEL AGE TERM 6E-5
6E-3 INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON AGE TERM 6E-7
6E-4 EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE AGE TERM FOR CHILDREN 6E-18
6E-i
-------
List of Tables
Table 6E-1. APEX acronyms 6E-4
Table 6E-2. Selected factors in APEX which influence estimated FEVi decrements 6E-7
Table 6E-3. Percents of the population ages 5 to 18 with one or more days during the ozone
season with lung function (FEVi) decrements more than 10, 15, and 20% (Atlanta
2006 base case). MSS threshold model and MSS threshold model with alternative
age term 6E-18
List of Figures
Figure 6E-1. Factors That Contribute to Risk (FEVi Decrements) 6E-1
Figure 6E-2. The Relationship between Age and Percent of Population with Exceedances of
10% (blue), 15% (green), and 20% (red) FEVI Decrements. Based on the MSS
(2012) Threshold Model in an APEX Simulation of Atlanta for April-June 2006
(ages 5-95, 250,000 profiles) 6E-2
Figure 6E-3. Overview Chart of APEX Modeling of Factors Input to the MSS Model 6E-3
Figure 6E-4. Variation by Age of the Median Response (Lung Function Decrements in FEVi)
Predicted by the MSS Model after 6.6 Hour Exposure to Ozone Under
Intermittent Moderate Exercise 6E-5
Figure 6E-5. Median Response Predicted by the MSS Model for a 6.6 Hour Exposure to 80 ppb
Os under Intermittent Moderate Exercise (40 L/min, BSA=2 m2) 6E-6
Figure 6E-6. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) BSA (m2) vs. Age 6E-9
Figure 6E-7. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) RMR (kcal/min) vs. Age 6E-9
Figure 6E-8. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Maximum VO2 (L O2/min) vs. Age.
6E-10
Figure 6E-9. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) MOXD (M-h) vs. Age 6E-10
Figure 6E-10. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Recovery Time (hours) vs.
Age 6E-11
Figure 6E-11. Distribution of Maximum MET vs. Age 6E-11
Figure 6E-12. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Unadjusted MET vs. Age 6E-12
Figure 6E-13. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Unadjusted MET (90th percentiles) vs. Age. ...6E-12
Figure 6E-14. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Adjusted MET vs. Age 6E-13
Figure 6E-15. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Adjusted MET (90th percentiles) vs. Age 6E-13
Figure 6E-16. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Ventilation Rate (L/min) vs. Age.
6E-14
Figure 6E-17. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Ventilation Rate (L/min) (90th percentiles) vs. Age.
6E-14
Figure 6E-18. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) EVR (L/min/m2) vs. Age 6E-15
Figure 6E-19. Daily Average (hours 14-21) EVR (L/min/m2) (90th percentiles) vs. Age 6E-15
Figure 6E-20. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Time Outdoors (hours) vs. Age
6E-16
6E-ii
-------
Figure 6E-21. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Time Outdoors (hours) (90th percentiles) vs. Age.
6E-16
Figure 6E-22. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Exposure Outdoors (ppm) vs.
Age 6E-17
Figure 6E-23. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Exposure Outdoors (ppm) (90th percentiles) vs.
Age 6E-17
-------
6E-1 OVERVIEW
There are several factors related to the age of an individual that influence the risk of the
individual of experiencing FEVi decrements (AFEVi) in excess of 10, 15, and 20%. These
factors include the parameters of the MSS model and the inputs to the MSS model calculated by
APEX: time-series of exposures and ventilation rates normalized by body surface area (Figure
6E-1). Figure 6E-2 illustrates the combined effect of these factors on modeled FEVi decrements
across ages. Children are estimated to have the highest risk and older adults the lowest risk. In
this section we present sensitivity analyses which reveal the most influential underlying
components driving age-related differences in risk.
c
ctivity level (MET) physiology
wer a time period the individ
I
normalized ventilation
rate (EVR) over a time
period
v
^ n are- 1
V
Risk (FEVI deer
of exposure over
ual a time period
=1
ement)
Figure 6E-1. Factors That Contribute to Risk (FEVi Decrements).
The times series of exposures modeled by APEX depend on ozone concentrations and
activity patterns. The times series of ventilation rates modeled by APEX depend on activity
patterns, exertion levels, and individual physiological characteristics. Figure 6E-3 provides an
overview of how APEX models these quantities to estimate risk (the acronyms are defined in
Table 6E-1). As this figure shows, there are several quantities input to APEX whose
distributions depend on age: MOXD, BM, VO2max, MET, BM, RMR, VE regression
coefficients, CHAD diary locations, and CHAD diary activities. These factors are
6E-1
-------
intercorrelated, so there is not a unique way to apportion their influences on FEVi decrements.
Since the highest exposures occur when an individual is outdoors, additional relevant factors
include the amount of time spent outdoors and the Os concentrations when individuals are
outdoors.
g 18%i
-------
(3s, var(U), var(E)
McDonnell etal., 2012
McDonnell et al. model
imbient 03
AER
CHAD location
BSA = f4(BM,sex)
(Burmaster, 1998)
VE = BM*eY
Y = a + b*V02 + £
CHAD activity
a, b, s from VE regression model
(EPA, 2009 -Graham & McCurdy)
V02 = MET*ECF*RMR/BM
= U[0.20,0.21]
(Esmailetal., 1995)
EPOC adjustment
(Isaacs etal., 2008)
METmax = nV02max/(ECF*RMR/BM)
A
MET = f^activit^age)
(CHAD: McCurdy, 2000)
RMR = c + d*BM +6
T
c, d, 6 = f3(age,sex)
from regression model
(Schofield, 1985)
nV02max = f5(age,sex)
(Isaacs & Smith, 2005)
BM = f2(age,sex)
(1999-2004 NHAJi
(Isaacs & Smith, 2005)
MOXD = f6(age,sex); RecTime = U[8,16]
(Isaacs & Smith, 2005; Isaacs et al., 2008)
APEX inputs are shaded blue.
The functions f are distributior
Figure 6E-3. Overview Chart of APEX Modeling of Factors Input to the MSS Model.
6E-3
-------
Table 6E-1. APEX acronyms.
Acronym
Description
AER
BM
BSA
CHAD
ECF
EE
EErest
EPOC
EVR
FEVi
MET
META
METmax
MOXD
RecTime
RMR
VE
VO2
VO2fnax
nVCbmax
Air exchange rate (1/h)
Body mass (kg)
Body Surface Area (m2)
Consolidated Human Activity Database
Energy conversion factor (L Cb/kcal)
Energy expenditure (kcal/min)
Resting Energy expenditure (kcal/min)
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption
Equivalent ventilation rate. EVR = VE / BSA (L/min-m2)
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second
Metabolic equivalent of work. MET = EE / EErest (unitless)
MET adjusted for EPOC
Maximum achievable MET for an individual (unitless)
Maximal oxygen deficit that can be obtained (M-h)
Oxygen debt recovery time (h). Time required to recover from F=1 to 0 while at rest,
where F is the fractional oxygen deficit.
Resting metabolic rate (kcal/min)
Ventilation rate (L/min)
Oxygen consumption (L O2/min)
Maximum oxygen consumption for an individual (L O2/min)
Maximum normalized oxygen consumption (L O2/min/kg)
6E-4
-------
6E-2 MSS MODEL AGE TERM
Figure 6E-4 illustrates the interaction of age and ozone level for the prediction of risk in
the MSS threshold model. This figure assumes moderate exercising conditions of a typical 6.6-
hour clinical study (EVR = 20 L/min-m2 BSA) and varies the ozone exposure level (constant
over the 6.6 hour period) from 40 to 120 ppb. The lung function decrement is the median value
predicted at the end of the 6.6 hour period (Ui and Sijk = 0 in equation 6-3). The trend of the
slope vs. age increasing with Os exposure concentrations is consistent with the findings of
McDonnell et al. (1993, Figures 3 and 4). In our application of the model, the response is flat for
ages below 18 and declines out to age 55, after which we assume no response (Figure 6E-5).
§5
-------
Figure 6E-5 shows the median response predicted by the McDonnell-Stewart-Smith
model for a 6.6 hour exposure to 80 ppb ozone under intermittent moderate exercise (40 L/min,
BSA=2 m2). This was obtained by running the MSS model for different ages with the
concentration and ventilation rate time series fixed, according to a typical protocol for a 6.6 hour
exposure study. Subjects alternated 50 minutes of moderate exercise with 10 minutes of rest for
the first three hours, with the exercise occurring first. For the next 35 minutes, subjects continued
exposure at rest. For the remaining three hours of the exposure period, subjects again alternated
50 minutes of exercise with 10 minutes of rest.
%
5
PH
4
I
§ 2
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
age
Figure 6E-5. Median Response Predicted by the MSS Model for a 6.6 Hour Exposure to 80
ppb Os under Intermittent Moderate Exercise (40 L/min, BSA=2 m2).
6E-6
-------
6E-3 INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ON AGE TERM
The primary age-related factors in APEX of interest influencing estimated FEVi
decrements (except the MSS model age term parameters) are given in Table 6E-2 and include
physiology, ventilation rates, and outdoor exposures.
Table 6E-2. Selected factors in APEX which influence estimated FEVi decrements.
Factor
Description
BSA
RMR
MET
META
VE
EVR
Time outdoors
Exposure to
ambient Os
while outdoors
Body surface area is a basic physiological quantity which is an increasing function
of age. Distributions of BSA that depend on age and sex are input to the APEX
model.
Resting metabolic rate is a basic physiological quantity which depends on age.
APEX models RMR using age- and sex-dependent distributions.
Unadjusted MET distribution is a function only of the CHAD diary activity, which in
turn depends on age. MET is a measure of the level of exertion during an activity.
MET adjusted for excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is calculated
in APEX as a function of unadjusted MET, RMR, MOXD, RecTime, VCbmax, BM,
and ECF.
Ventilation rate is an input to the MSS model. VE is calculated in APEX as a
function of adjusted MET, VE regression coefficients, RMR, ECF, and BM.
Equivalent ventilation rate = VE/BSA is the term in the MSS model that incorporates
all of the physiological variables.
Time spent outdoors is a function only of the CHAD diary location, which in turn
depends on age.
The ambient concentration levels while an individual is outdoors. This is related to
age since it depends on the times of day and duration that an individual is outdoors,
which depend on the CHAD diary activity patterns, which depend on age.
We find the hours of 2 pm to 9 pm are most relevant to exposures and activities leading
to higher FEVi decrements, and have restricted this analysis to averages of quantities over these
hours (data not shown). BSA, RMR, METmax, and VChmax increase with age until around age
18 and then more or less level off. Looking at the 90th percentiles of the daily (hours of 2 pm to
9 pm) averages, we find that from ages 5 to 15, unadjusted MET decreases while adjusted MET
increases. Ventilation rate (VE) increases with age from 5 to 15 while ventilation rate
normalized by body surface area (EVR) decreases. Time spent outdoors is highest for ages 5 to
10 and around age 18, a result of the composition of the CHAD diaries. The ambient
concentrations of Os exposed to while spending time outdoors is highest for ages 5 to 15. The
four most influential of these factors on the relationship of FEVi decrement with age are the
decreasing adjusted MET and decreasing EVR (with increasing age), the high time spent
6E-7
-------
outdoors, and the high exposure concentration while outdoors. These all lead to children having
higher FEVi decrements than adults.
The graphs of boxplots by age on the following pages show the distribution of the factor
for each age. The boxes indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, the midlines are the medians, and
the whiskers extend to the minima and maxima. The graphs of single lines are the 90th
percentiles for each age. The factors are daily averages over hours 14 to 21 from an APEX
simulation of the Atlanta metropolitan area for April-June 2006 (10,000 profiles simulated, ages
5 to 35).
VE is an increasing function of the exertion level as measured by META (among other
factors). We see that while younger children (within the 5-18 age range) have higher CHAD
activity levels as measured by MET, they have lower exertion levels as measured by META.
This is primarily due to smaller maximum MET levels, smaller maximum VCh, and smaller
MOXD for the younger children, which result in lower ventilation rates. Normalization of VE
by BSA results in higher levels of EVR for the younger children. It is this factor (EVR) which
drives the trend for children we see in Figure 6E-2.
6E-8
-------
3-
PQ
10
15
20
25
30
35
age
Figure 6E-6. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) BSA (m2) vs. Age.
0
2.0:
1.9:
1.8:
1.7:
1.6:
1.5"
1.2:
0.9:
0.8:
0.7:
0.6-
0.5-
04:
[
5
1
0
1
'
1
.
]
-
1
,
.
5
,
.
•
|
1
2
0
2
5
3
0
3i
age
Figure 6E-7. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) RMR (kcal/min) vs. Age.
6E-9
-------
12-
11:
9-
Z 71
I 5^
1 4
^ 3-
2
1
oV
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-8. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Maximum VOi (L Oi/min) vs.
Age.
110:
100-
90:
80:
70:
60:
50-
40:
30:
20:
10:
0:
[
[1
]
1
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-9. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) MOXD (M-h) vs. Age.
6E-10
-------
O
0
15"
14-
13-
12-
11-
io-
9:
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-10. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Recovery Time (hours) vs. Age.
15 20
age
Figure 6E-11. Distribution of Maximum MET vs. Age
6E-11
25
30
35
-------
H
-o
CO
§ 4
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
1-
o-
•
.
..
i ,
,
1
.
I i
i
1
..
..
,
1
..
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-12. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Unadjusted MET vs. Age.
H
CL>
3.7-
3.6-
3.5-
3.4-
f 3.31
a
3.2]
3.1-
3.0^
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-13. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Unadjusted MET (90th percentiles) vs. Age.
6E-12
-------
-
CO
7-
6
5-
4-
3-
2-
1-
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-14. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Adjusted MET vs. Age.
3.31
H
•
Figure 6E-15. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Adjusted MET (90th percentiles) vs. Age.
6E-13
-------
90-
80-
70-
„
§ 5
1!
o
23-
22-
21-
20-
18-
G T7J
,CL> 17"
16-
15-
14-
13-
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-17. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Ventilation Rate (L/min) (90th percentiles) vs.
Age.
6E-14
-------
40f
30-
20-
P-l
10-
Oi
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-18. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) EVR (L/min/m2) vs. Age.
17-
16-
15-
14-
13-
11-
10-
9-
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-19. Daily Average (hours 14-21) EVR (L/min/m2) (90th percentiles) vs. Age
6E-15
-------
7-
2 5
o
a
H
3-
2-
1-
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-20. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Time Outdoors (hours) vs. Age.
3.6-
3.5-
3.4-
3.3-
3.H
o
-a
-^— »
o
3.0-
2.9-
2.8-
2.7-
2.6-
2.5-
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-21. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Time Outdoors (hours) (90th percentiles) vs.
Age.
6E-16
-------
0.12-
o.n-
o.io-
0.09-
0.08-
0.07-
0.06-
0.05-
0.04-
0.03-
0.02-
o.oi-
o.oo-
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-22. Distribution of Daily Average (hours 14-21) Exposure Outdoors (ppm) vs.
Age.
0.07431
0.0734H
10
15
20
age
25
30
35
Figure 6E-23. Daily Average (hours 14-21) Exposure Outdoors (ppm) (90th percentiles) vs.
Age.
6E-17
-------
6E-4 EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE AGE TERM FOR CHILDREN
The results of an APEX simulation of the Atlanta 2006 base case (March 1 - October 30)
using an alternative age term for children are presented in Table 6E-3. This age term is based on
the assumption that the responsiveness of children to ozone is about the same as for young adults
(ISA, 2012, p. 6-21) and the age term is set to the average age term over ages 18 to 35 (ai = 0
and (X2 = 2.7, see HREA Section 6.2.4). The alternative age term results in estimates that are
lower, but not dramatically so. Most of the age effects are due to the factors discussed in the
previous section.
Table 6E-3. Percents of the population ages 5 to 18 with one or more days during the ozone
season with lung function (FEVi) decrements more than 10,15, and 20% (Atlanta 2006
base case). MSS threshold model and MSS threshold model with alternative age term.
Model
MSS
MSS, alternative age term
AFEVi >
10%
31%
27%
AFEVi >
15%
13%
10%
AFEVi >
20%
6.4%
4.6%
6E-18
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6E-19
-------
APPENDIX 6F
Comparison of APEX Simulation Results Using Monitors and
Tracts Air Quality
In this Appendix, we provide a comparison of APEX simulation results using ambient
monitoring data and for where modeled tract level air quality was used as an input. Two tables
(Table 6F-1 and Table 6F-2) are provided to summarize the results.
6F-i
-------
Comparison of APEX Simulation Results Using Monitors and Tracts Air Quality
In the first draft REA, monitor-level air quality was provided as input to the APEX
model. As discussed in Chapter 5, tract-level air quality was used in APEX for this final REA.
Monitor-level air quality is used for the APEX simulations for most of the sensitivity analyses
conducted, since these simulations take less time to run. This does not affect the analyses, since
the two air quality formats yield very similar results, as can be seen by comparing Table 6F-1
with Table 6F-2, which are based on Atlanta 2006 base case APEX simulations of 200,000
individuals, 52,436 of which are children ages 5 to 18. These simulations used the same random
number seed to hold all variables constant except for the air quality input files.
Table 6F-1. Percents of the population by age group with one or more days during the
ozone season with lung function (FEVi) decrements more than 10,15, and 20% (Atlanta
2006 base case). MSS Threshold model, monitors air quality.
Age
Group
5 to 18
19 to 35
36 to 55
AFEVi >
10%
31%
11%
3.7%
AFEVi >
15%
13%
3.1%
0.60%
AFEVi >
20%
6.4%
1 .3%
0.14%
Table 6F-2. Percents of the population by age group with one or more days during the
ozone season with lung function (FEVi) decrements more than 10,15, and 20% (Atlanta
2006 base case). MSS Threshold model, tracts air quality.
Age
Group
5 to 18
19 to 35
36 to 55
AFEVi >
10%
30%
11%
3.3%
AFEVi >
15%
12%
2.9%
0.50%
AFEVi >
20%
5.7%
1.1%
0.12%
6F-1
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6F-2
-------
United States Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Publication No. EPA-452/R-14-004d
Environmental Protection Health and Environmental Impacts Division August 2014
Agency Research Triangle Park, NC
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