Multi-Day Diurnal Testing
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency

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                Multi-Day  Diurnal  Testing
                         Assessment and Standards Division
                        Office of Transportation and Air Quality
                        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                Prepared for EPA by
                            Eastern Research Group, Inc.
                           EPA Contract No. EP-C-06-0-80
                             Work Assignment No. 5-11
       NOTICE

       This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
       positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
       that are currently available.  The purpose in the release of such reports is to
       facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
       technical developments.
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA-420-R-14-006
March 2014

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feERS
    Eastern Research Group, Inc.
                        Multi-Day Diurnal Testing
                        Final Report
                        Contract No. EP-C-06-0-80
                        Work Order No.5-11
                        Prepared by:

                        Eastern Research Group, Inc.



                        Prepared for:

                        U.S. Environmental Protection
                        Agency
                        March 22, 2012
                        Revised October 25, 2013

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                                        www.erg.com
ERG No. 0218.05.011.001
Contract Number: EP-C-06-0-80
Work Order No. 5-11
                                        Final Report


                                 Multi-Day Diurnal Testing
                                 Contract No. EP-C-06-0-80
                                    Work Order No.5-11
                                        Prepared by:

                                Eastern Research Group, Inc.
                               3508 Far West Blvd., Suite 210
                                     Austin, TX 78731

                                     Jim Lindner (ERG)
                                    Mike Sabisch (ERG)
                     Gerard Glinsky (SGS Environmental Testing Corp.)
                      Tared Stewart (SGS Environmental Testing Corp.)
                                Michael St. Denis (Revecorp)
                                  Joe Roeschen (Revecorp)

                                        Prepared for:

                                    Mr. David Hawkins
                            Office of Transportation & Air Quality
                                  Emissions Program Group
                                   2000 Traverwood Drive
                                   Ann Arbor, MI 48105
                                       March 22, 2012
                                  Revised October 25, 2013
                  3508 Far West Blvd., Suite 210, Austin, TX 78731  Phone: 512-407-1820  Fax: 512-419-0089
             Arlington, VA Atlanta, GA  Austin, TX  Boston, MA  Chantilly, VA  Chicago, IL  Cincinnati, OH Hershey, PA
                  Prairie Village, KS  Lexington, MA  Nashua, NH  Research Triangle Park, NC  Sacramento, CA


                       Equal Opportunity Employer  Printed on 100% Post-Consumer Recycled Paper

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                                Table of Contents


1.     OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND	1

2.     VEHICLE PROCUREMENT AND PRE-TESTING PREPARATION	1

3.     FUEL PROCUREMENT AND PREPARATION	3

4.     PRE-MODIFICATION TESTING, VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS, AFTER MODIFICATION
      TESTING	3

5.     MULTI-DAY DIURNAL TESTING	6

6.     DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DELIVERY	7

7.     CONCLUSIONS	18

APPENDIX A VEHICLE TESTING REPORTS	1

APPENDIX B FUEL BLENDING DETAILS	1

APPENDIX C VEHICLE PHOTOGRAPHS	1



                                 List of Tables

Table 1: Vehicles Tested	1



                                 List of Figures

Figure 1: SHED Schematic	5

Figure 2: 2010 Subaru Legacy (PZEV)	10

Figure 3: 2009 Saturn Outlook	11

Figure 4: 2009 Toyota Camry	12

FigureS: 2009 Ford Focus	13

Figure 6: 2006 Chevy Silverado	14

Figure 7: 2008 Nissan Altima	15

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Figure 8: 2010 Ford Focus (PZEV)	16




Figure 9: 2008 Ford Taurus	17




Figure 10: 2010 Toyota Prius (PZEV)	18
                                        11

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1.
OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND
       Eastern Research Group (ERG) and Environmental Testing Corporation (ETC, now SGS-
 ETC) were tasked by United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to design a Sealed
 Housing for Evaporative Determination (SHED) test procedure that would monitor canister
 loading over a 14-day diurnal SHED test. The goal was to monitor the evaporative emissions
 and canister loading profiles of 9 vehicles over a 14-day diurnal period with temperatures
 ranging from 72 to 95°F, which is the temperature range used in the Federal Test Procedure
 (FTP). Two separate 14-day diurnals were performed on each vehicle with fuels having two
 different Reid vapor pressures (RVP).  The actual blended RVP values were chosen to be
 representative of 9 and 10 psi RVP in-use fuels at sea level. This study was designed to provide
 hydrocarbon (HC) evaporative emissions test data that could be used for evaporative emissions
 modeling algorithms that estimate HC emissions over extended vehicle soak periods.
 2.
VEHICLE PROCUREMENT AND PRE-TESTING PREPARATION
       The ERG/ETC team tested nine vehicles for this study.  All vehicles were selected by
 EPA's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory (NVFEL) and are listed in Table 1
 below.  Three of these vehicles were certified as Partial Zero Emission Vehicles (PZEVs) and are
 shaded in Table 1.  Transportation to the ETC laboratory was the responsibility of ETC. Two
 vehicles, the 2010 Toyota Prius and 2010 Ford Focus, were purchased for this study because it
 was less expensive to purchase the vehicles rather than rent them for the time needed to perform
 the extended  SHED testing. When testing was completed on these two vehicles, they were sent
 directly to the NVFEL so that they could be used in future test programs at the EPA laboratory.

                                Table 1: Vehicles Tested

Vehicle
ID
228572
128421
128419
128417
154114
198208
272304
174230
51360
Make
Subaru
Saturn
Toyota
Ford
Chevrolet
Nissan
Ford
Ford
Toyota
Model
Legacy
Outlook
Camry
Focus
Silverado
Altima
Focus
Taurus
Prius
MY
2010
2009
2009
2009
2006
2008
2010
2008
2010
Odo
17,237
120,403
121,187
120,785
109,954
123,261
28,390
115,599
27,789
VECI Labels
Engine
AFJXJ02.5NVD
9GMXT03.6151
9TYXV02.4BEA
9FMXV02.0VDX
6GMXR0176820
8NSXV02.5G5A
AFMXV02.0VZX
8FMXV03.5VEP
ATYXV01.8HC3
Evap
AFJXR01444DR
9GMXR0197972
9TYXR0130A12
9FMXR0125NAA
6GMXT05.3379
8NSXR0120PBA
AFMXR0110GCX
8FMXR0145KBK
ATYXR0110P42
Canister
WC* (g)
144
197
130
125
176
120
110
145
110
Tank
Vol. (gal)
18.5
22
18.5
13.5
32.4
20
14.5
20
11.9
Canister/Tank
Ratio
WC(g)/
Vol (gal)
7.78
8.95
7.03
9.26
5.43
6.00
7.59
7.25
9.24
  Shaded vehicles are certified PZEVs
  "canister womngcapacity in grams

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       Once vehicles were received at the ETC Laboratory, the following steps were taken to
prepare each vehicle for the multi-day, multi-temperature diurnal testing.

       1.      The vehicle was checked to ensure it was safe to operate on a dynamometer.

       2.      The vehicle was examined for signs  of potentially extraneous evaporative
              emissions, such as indications of collision, recent painting, tampering, new tires,
              and interior vinyl treatments.

       3.      Vehicle information, such as vehicle identification number or VIN, model year,
              make, model, engine and evaporative families, was documented. Pictures were
              taken of each vehicle and the vehicle emission control information (VECI) label.

       4.      A static pressure test was performed on the evaporative emissions system by
              pressurizing the system to 15 in. of water and then measuring the pressure decay
              over the following 30 minutes*. If the pressure dropped by more than 2 in. of
              water, ETC was to notify the EPA and then perform leak check diagnostics to find
              and repair the leak. None of the vehicles failed this leak check.

       5.      All fluids and filters were checked and adjusted as needed.  Since previous studies
              had raised concerns regarding crankcase oil impacting emissions, ETC avoided
              adding oil unless necessary because  new oil could impact evaporative testing
              results.

       6.      The appropriate vehicle road load settings for dynamometer testing were derived.

       7.      The wiper fluid reservoir was drained and flushed to eliminate potential release of
              wiper fluid hydrocarbons into the SHED. This was done because only
              evaporative emissions related to the  fuel system were of interest in this study.

       8.      The air conditioning system was inspected for leaks using a flame ionization
              detector (FID) total hydrocarbon analyzer attached to a flexible sample probe.
              The FID system is able to detect low levels of escaping refrigerant as
              hydrocarbons. The engine compartment and interior of each vehicle were
              inspected for refrigerant leaks.  In the engine compartment; the compressor,
              condenser, and high and low pressure plumbing were closely inspected using the
              FID analyzer. Inside the vehicle, the air conditioning evaporator and other
              components of the air conditioning system were inspected. No leaks were found.

       9.      After the above steps were completed, the vehicle exterior was washed.  The
              vehicle engine compartment and undercarriage were also washed, and the vehicle
              was "baked" for 24 hours at 120°F in the ETC hot cell with the windows down,
              trunk lid and hood open, a fan blowing across the interior of the vehicle and make
              up ventilation air supplied to the room.  This make-up air was outside ambient air
              conditioned to 3 ppm hydrocarbon (total HC measured as methane).
* This is a tighter specification than stated in CFR 86.608-98, where the required decay time is 5 minutes.

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3.     FUEL PROCUREMENT AND PREPARATION
       ETC purchased the fuel with 10% ethanol from a local source in the Denver area. The
fuel was then split into two batches and the RVP of each batch was adjusted to a sea level
equivalent of either 9.0 or 10.0 psi. Based on EPA guidance, it was determined that 7.6 psi
represented 9.0 psi RVP fuel at sea level and 8.8 psi represented 10.0 psi RVP fuel at sea level.
Any mention of fuel RVP hereafter refers to the nominal, sea-level equivalent RVP of that fuel.
ETC used their on-site infrared spectrometer which is capable of measuring ethanol content in
gasoline to an accuracy of 0.19% to determine the actual ethanol content in each fuel batch.
Other fuel parameters, such as the distillation curve and HC composition (olefms, aromatics, and
saturates) were measured by an outside laboratory specializing in hydrocarbon analysis to verify
fuel compliance with the standards set forth in 40 CFR 86.113. The results from the fuel test
laboratory are documented in Appendix B.

       After the initial testing of the as-received fuel was complete, the two batches were stored
in totes in the ETC fuel room, which is a climate controlled containment area, to minimize any
further weathering of the fuel during the test program.

4.     PRE-MODIFICATION TESTING, VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS, AFTER MODIFICATION
       TESTING
       After the vehicle preparation described in Section 2.0 was completed, the vehicles were
subjected to an "initial qualification" static  evaporative test in the SHED at 86°F and a 48-hour
diurnal to determine the evaporative emissions before any modifications were made to the
vehicle's systems. The testing followed standard EPA protocols and included the following
steps:

       1.     Drain and 40% fill with 9 RVP fuel.
       2.     Soak the vehicle at 68-86 °F for 6 to 36 hours.
       3.     Prep 1  - Drive an EPA 2-phase test (LA-4) on the dynamometer with no
             emissions measurements.
       4.     Drain and 40% fill with 9 RVP fuel.
       5.     Perform a canister loading procedure using butane to 2g after breakthrough.
       6.     Soak the vehicle at 68-86 °F for 12 to 36 hours.
       7.     Prep 2 - Drive an EPA 3-phase test (EPA 75) on the dynamometer with no
             emissions measurements.

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       8.      1 hour EPA hot soak test in the SHED at 86 +/- 2°F.

       9.      Remove vehicle from SHED and allow to cool to 72°F and then soak at that
              temperature for 6 hours
       10.     48 hour diurnal test; federal  cycle of 72 to 95 °F.
       The results in grams per hour from the hot soak and the 48-hour diurnal tests were then
determined.

       Vehicle Modification:

       The hoses from each canister were disconnected and the canister was relocated to an
outside scale.  The vehicle canister was placed on the scale in an orientation as if it were in its
native environment when it was in the vehicle. Maintaining this native orientation is critical as
canisters fill with HC vapor as if the HC vapor were a liquid; therefore, a non-native orientation
can reduce the canister's design capacity. Initially, attempts were made to reconnect the canister
using the original hoses; if additional hose lengths were required, ETC attempted to minimize the
additional length in order to limit the effect of any volume change.

       In the first method to measure canister bleed emissions, the vent line from the vehicle
canister was connected to a diverter valve mounted as close to the  canister vent as possible.  The
diverter prevented the  vehicle canister inside the SHED from drawing fuel vapors trapped in the
line back into the canister as the SHED cooled, which is not representative of real-world
behavior. To mitigate this effect, ETC used a diverter valve to supply fresh air to the canister
which would prevent any bleed emissions from being drawn back into the canister as the SHED
temperature fell.  The diverter valves failed after several days of operation and a new method
was developed that eliminated use of the diverter valve. All results presented in this report were
collected using the new method described below for measuring emissions from the canister vent.

       In the revised method, a small air pump was used to drive the bleed emissions from the
canister vent to a trap canister located outside the SHED and also to supply fresh air for canister
back purge during the  cooler segments of the diurnal cycle.  The pump moved a small amount of
ambient air (3  liters per hour) through a "T" located at the canister vent to the trap canister where
the vapors were collected and measured gravimetrically on a scale. Bleed emissions were
measured continuously over the 14-day series of diurnal cycles.  This method's study design is
depicted in Figure 1 below.

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                               Figure 1: SHED Schematic
       A pressure transducer was placed in the fuel tank via the fuel cap so that pressure or
vacuum in the tank could be monitored.  In addition to the canister modifications, a
thermocouple was adhered to the fuel tank skin and insulated, so the fuel tank temperature could
be recorded during the diurnal testing. This was done because the fuel tank temperature
generally lags behind changes in the SHED ambient temperature; therefore, in order to properly
time-align the vehicle canister weight gain, the fuel temperature must be known.

       After Modification Testing:

       After these modifications,  each vehicle was processed from  steps 11 to 21 ending with a
one-hour hot soak test.

       11.    Drain and 40% fill with 9.0 psi RVP fuel.
       12.    Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 6 to 36 hours.
       13.    Prep 1 - Drive an EPA 2-phase test (LA-4) on the dynamometer with no
             emissions measurements.
       14.    Drain and 40% fill with 9.0 psi RVP fuel.
       15.    Perform a canister loading procedure using butane to 2g after breakthrough.

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       16.    Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 12 to 36 hours.

       17.    Prep 2 - Drive an EPA 3-phase test (EPA 75) on the dynamometer with no
             emissions measurements.

       18.    Move the vehicle to the SHED, connect necessary instrumentation, place the
             vehicle canister on the scale and connect a trap canister and fresh air vent.  This
             step was completed in less than 10 minutes.

       19.    1 hour EPA hot-soak test in the SHED at 86 +/- 2°F.

       20.    Remove vehicle from SHED and allow to cool to 72°F and then soak at that
             temperature for 6 hours

       21.    48 hour diurnal test;  federal cycle of 72 to 95 °F.
       Results from the after modification test were compared to the results from the pre-
modification test and if the difference between the results was less than 5 mg per hour, it was
concluded that the vehicle modifications had not created any leaks.

5.      MULTI-DAY DIURNAL TESTING

       After each vehicle passed the post-modification check; the vehicle was processed through
steps 22 through 33. Step 33 is the multi-day diurnal test consisting of 14 days of the federal
diurnal cycles.

       22.    Drain and 40% fill with 10.0 psi RVP fuel.

       23.     Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 6 to 36 hours.

       24.    Prep 1 - Drive an EPA 2-phase test (LA-4) on the dynamometer with no
             emissions measurements.

       25.    Drain and 40% fill with 9.0 psi RVP fuel.

       26.    Perform a canister loading procedure using butane to 2g after breakthrough.

       27.    Weigh canister.

       28.     Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 12 to 36 hours.

       29.    Prep 2 - Drive an EPA 3-phase test (EPA 75) on the dynamometer with no
             emissions measurements.

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       30.    Move the vehicle to the SHED, connect necessary instrumentation, place the
             vehicle canister on the scale and connect a trap canister and fresh air vent. This
             step was completed in less than 10 minutes.
       31.    1 hour EPA hot soak test in the SHED at 86 +/- 2°F.
       32.    Remove vehicle from SHED and allow to cool to 72°F and then soak at that
             temperature for 6 hours
       33.    14-day diurnal test: 14 federal cycles of 72 to 95°F.
       Each vehicle was subjected to the fourteen days of diurnal testing (step 33) with
temperatures ranging  from 72 to 95°F. During this testing, SHED temperature, SHED HC
concentrations, fuel tank temperature and pressure, and vehicle and trap canister masses were
measured once per minute. Once  an hour, the mass of HC in the SHED was calculated, as well
as the change from the previous hour. The weights of both canisters  and the fuel tank
temperature were also recorded hourly.  Once a day the total change in  grams of HC within the
SHED as well as in each canister were determined and recorded.

       In addition to the procedure described above, the battery voltage was recorded after
completing the multi-day sequence. The Legacy, Outlook, and Camry had issues retaining
battery charge for the two week duration. It was necessary to charge the batteries on these
vehicles following the multi-day sequence.

       Data checks were performed following the one hour hot soak test (Step 31), and after the
first 2 days of the multi-day sequence (step 33) to verify that the numbers were comparable to
the  numbers obtained during the pre and  post modification testing.

       After testing on the 10.0 psi RVP fuel was completed, the fuel was changed to the 9.0 psi
RVP fuel and tested using the identical process as used for the 10.0 psi  RVP fuel described
above.

       Once the testing was completed on both fuels, the vehicle's fuel tank vent line, canister
and purge lines were all returned to their original  connections and the vehicles were made
available for EPA to determine their disposition.

6.     DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DELIVERY
       Findings from the initial inspections of the vehicles, pre-modification testing,
documentation of the  modifications made to the vehicles, and the results of after modification
testing were made available as soon as possible after a procedure was completed. This

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information was in electronic format (Word or Excel) and usually available within one day. The
daily results of the diurnal testing were available within 12 hours of the completion of each 24
hour testing period.  A testing log for each vehicle was maintained and also provided
electronically in Excel format. The figures which follow were made available each week as
testing progressed. Their purpose in this report is to provide a clear illustration of each vehicle's
canister loading profile over the 14-day diurnal test. Additional details of each vehicle's testing
are provided in Appendix A.

Processing the multi-day diurnal testing data required the following steps:

       1.     Raw shed data was obtained from ETC every 2-4 days (more frequently if
             unusual trends had been observed) in CSV format.

       2.     Each vehicle was assigned its own unique Excel workbook, which was used to
             process all the data for that particular vehicle throughout the study. This included
             the reporting and analysis of the results for tests on both fuels.

             a.     Any new raw CSV data series were pasted into the appropriate tab in the
                    vehicles workbook (these tabs were labeled "RAW 10 RVP Data" and
                    "RAW 9 RVP Data"). Any data that was obtained from an ongoing test
                    was appended to existing data to form a complete up-to-date data series.

             b.     Relevant columns within the data were copied to a workbook tab labeled
                    as "Simple Data".  The purpose of this sheet was to reduce the amount of
                    data to manipulate because all of the fields (columns) of data in the raw
                    file were not necessary for this study; therefore, this sheet made it easier to
                    see just the data relevant for this testing. This tab  contained only the
                    necessary data required to evaluate the results of the multi-day diurnal
                    SHED testing on both fuels.

                     The "Simple Data" tab included the following fields for both 9.0 psi
                     RVP and 10.0 psi RVP fuel test results (the results of testing on both
                     fuels were combined into this sheet to make comparisons easier, and
                     to assist in the plots}:

                        •  Test Time (Minutes) - This is the only field that was shared by
                           both fuel results, and was retained to provide  an additional time
                           reference for those evaluating and appending  data.

                        •  Test Time (Hours) - Elapsed test time since start of test.

                        •  Shed Temperature (Peg F) - Recorded SHED temperature at
                           displayed time interval.

                        •  Tank Temperature (Peg F) - Recorded vehicle fuel tank
                           temperature at displayed time interval.

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           •   Adjusted SHED HC - XX RVP (grams) - This field compensates
              for background HC by subtracting the HC reading obtained at
              time = 0 from all subsequent readings.

           •   Vehicle Canister Weight - XX RVP (Grams) - This records the
              vehicle's internal HC canister weight, which has been offset to 0
              at Time = 0.

           •   Outside Canister Weight - XX RVP (Grams) - This records the
               external canister weight, which has been offset to 0 at Time = 0.

c.      The data found in the "Simple Data" tab were then plotted to the tab
       labeled "Shed Data Chart". The data in this chart are simple scatter plots
       of the data listed in the "Simple Data" tab.

In terms of additional data processing, some factors such as canister weighing
scale drift or hysteresis required some manual realignment of the data.  Since each
vehicle was subjected to two continuous 14-day test cycles, some minor problems
were expected  over this long of a testing period.  Manual data correction was
performed for these short duration complications which included changing the
canister because it was becoming full, power outages, sample system issues, and
computer reboots which necessitated resetting the zero point  on the measurements
so the data were continuous. None of these impacted the quality of the data.  No
adjustments were made to the "raw" data files, but all of the data in the "Simple"
data files have  been corrected, and users of the data should use this data for
analysis.  In the case where the data could not be confidently realigned due to
testing difficulties, the 14 day cycle and data were abandoned, the vehicle canister
was again preconditioned and the entire test was performed again.  Data
correction for time alignment was not performed, the following graphs
demonstrate a small lag in mass gain compared to SHED temperature.  The tank
temperature was also measured and this data does not demonstrate a lag in the
mass gain.  Any necessary adjustments were left to the users  of the data, what is
in the "Simple" sheet is the un-time aligned data.

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                       Figure 2: 2010 Subaru Legacy (PZEV)
             Multiday Diurnal Chart - Subaru Legacy -10 AND 9 RVP Fuel
180
          ShtdT.np




          lyrl l-.l,




          vthide Cnnter vn-





          vthKfe Csmittr >'.t- yf.t




          OutDde Cani^r At- 10 PVP




          Outadt Cania.r *t • »





          «d)u9ltd$HED HC




          **«««<)SHED IK-»ITV»
                                           10

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             Figure 3: 2009 Saturn Outlook
  Multiday Diurnal Chart - Saturn Outlook -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
tmlTemp




vehicle Canisler W- LOttVt




   anlflti «t-




Outside Cxiistei Wt- 10HVT




Outside Cmister Wt- »DVT




Adtust«J$HCD HC • lOS.f




AdjuaeJSMEDHC-SR.P
                                     wvw
                        11

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                             Figure 4: 2009 Toyota Camry
195
 -5
                 Multiday  Diurnal Chart - Toyota Camry -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
          TankTemp




          •••thick Cwntcrv.t- lOO'.P




          v«h*ck Canister ;M - 9RVP




          Oitta.lt C»ll!»r OT • 10 RVP




          Outxll




                   • 10 (tvc
                                        Elips*dTimt- Days
                                            12

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                                 Figure 5: 2009 Ford Focus
       Multiday  Diurnal Chart - Ford Focus - ERG#128417 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
195
ShedTtnp




tank Temp




vehKle Canister At- lORvP




•.etude Canister V.'t- SRVP




Outside Canistti V«-10 RVP




Outside
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                     Figure 6: 2006 Chevy Silverado
             Multiday Diurnal Chart - Chevy Silverado -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
 2 SO
 200
I
 150
I
 : 100
0
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           Figure 7: 2008 Nissan Altima
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Nissan Altima -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
                   6          8
                    El*ps*d Tim* - Day:
                        15

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                 Figure 8: 2010 Ford Focus (PZEV)
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Ford Focus ERG# 272304 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
  HMdTtmp

  Tank Temp

  Vehicle Cani!t<[ Wt- 100VP

  v«hickC«ii!»r 'At

  Outade Caiisttr fit- 10 P.P

  Outside Onldei Wt - 9 P.; P

  Adjusted SHED HC-10HVP

  *d)u««d$HEtiHC-9P.'.P
AVA  ;\7V
'  U \j   V  V
                            6          8
                             Elapsed Time- Day,
                                                            12
                                                                      14
                                16

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                        Figure 9: 2008 Ford Taurus
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Ford Taurus ERG# 174230 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
                                                                                       1.5
                                                                     -Tank Temp


                                                                      vehicle Can4£er w»- lofivr


                                                                      vehKle csn.a-i wt- «Rvr


                                                                     - Outodt Csnishr \»l • 10 ••,»


                                                                      (Xitad< CanlOtr wt • > lent


                                                                     -*d|u!t«dSHEt' HC - IOHP
0.5
                                 6             8
                                  Elapsed Tim«-Days
                                                                        12
                                                                                     14
                                      17

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                          Figure 10: 2010 Toyota Prius (PZEV)
                   Multiday Diurnal Chart - Toyota Prius #51360 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
                                                                                  25
   200
            vthiclt Cwittr Wt
            vthKlc CMUltorWt- 9 RVP
            CXItode C»nlS«r W< • 10 RVP
            Outside Canister ,'.t- 9 P;P
            Ad|u«edSHECi HC - JOR.P
                                      6           8
                                      Ellpstd Tim* • Days
7.
CONCLUSIONS
       The evaporative emissions and canister loading profiles of 9 vehicles were monitored and
recorded over a 14-day diurnal period to provide hydrocarbon evaporative emissions test data
needed for evaporative emissions modeling algorithms.  Many of the procedures used in this
study were non-routine and were developed during the testing program.  Two separate 14-day
diurnals ranging from 72 to 95°F were performed on each vehicle using fuels blended to be
representative of 9 and 10 psi RVP fuel at sea level.  The trap canister weight gain data is an
important parameter used in this study to monitor the vehicle canister performance; however,
other methods such as using a calibrated flame ionization detector with a venturi technique to
quantify the hydrocarbon flow may be another way to obtain this information.

A few general trends are noted in the data:
                                            18

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The vehicle canister took on more fuel vapor earlier and consistently for the
representative 10 RVP fuel.
The back-purge rate (rate of hydrocarbons being drawn back into the fuel tank
from the evaporative canister during the cooling phase of a diurnal) tended to
slightly increase each day during the start of testing and then level off around half
way through the first week.
The overall vehicle canister weight gain starts to level off halfway through the
fourteen day period.
Most vehicles experienced breakthough earlier for the 10.0 psi RVP fuel than the
9.0 psi RVP fuel. Once breakthrough occurred, the breakthrough emission rate
was generally higher for the 10.0 psi RVP fuel than for the 9.0 psi RVP fuel (the
mass gain at the trap canister has a steeper slope for 10.0 psi RVP fuel than for the
9.0 psi RVP fuel on the same vehicle).
Some of the vehicles broke through right after the third day on the representative
9.0 psi RVP fuel, which just passes the certification test.
Both Focuses, the PZEV and the non-PZEV, as well as the Outlook held out the
longest before breaking through the canister. All three of these vehicles had
relatively large canister/tank ratios (Table 1), therefore having high canister
capacity per vapor space. However, the Silverado, which had a low canister
capacity versus tank ratio, held out roughly as long as the Focuses, suggesting
canister to tank ratio may be a contributing, but not only, factor influencing time
to breakthrough.
PZEVs did not have a consistent performance trend, with the Legacy breaking
through on the fourth day of the fourteen day test for both fuels.
                              19

-------
      APPENDIX A
VEHICLE TESTING REPORTS

-------
Subaru Legacy
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family

Vehicle Bake Off


LA 4 Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
48hrVTSHED

2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
4S3BMBAS5A3228572
2010
Subaru
Legacy
AFJXJ02.5NVD
AFJXR01444DR







Vehit
VTR#
913927
Test*
5-Apr






















le Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test Start Date
4/5/2011
Can Weight

Purge Flow
Start


Hot Soak


End


Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913957
Test*
1957

213544
1592
1593
Test Start Date
4/7/2011
4/8/2011
Can Weight





Purge Flow
Start




Hot Soak




End





Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913982
Test*
1961

213546
1594
1595
Test Start Date
4/11/2011
4/12/2011
Can Weight





Purge Flow
Start




Hot Soak




End































SHED Hot Soak Test reading was 0.107
grams With the 48 hour VT SHED 1st day
was 1.055, 2nd day was 0.878 grams
withatota of 1.932. Performed EVAP
Leak check and vehic e inspection. We
found that an insulation pad at the fire
wall was holding HC causing high
reading. VOID











10 RVP Test
VTR#
914118



Test*
1991

213561
1510
1511



Test Start Date
4/21/2011
4/22/2011
4/23/2011


Can Weight
(After)
2274.4
2355.7

2272.5
2401.1



Purge Flow
Start






Hot Soak






End






Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





10 RVP Test
VTR#
914463
914488

914709
Test*
2023

213619
1523
1618

213650

Test Start Date
5/13/2011
5/14/2011
5/16/2011

5/31/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2357.7
2350.4

2269.7
2404.4

2308.5

Purge Flow
Start
454.83

467.7

141.31

Hot Soak
463.85

476.54

149.83

End
467.7

480.46

153.49

Post-test
RVP

8.93
Battery
Voltage

12.29



9 RVP Test
VTR#
914714

915019
Test*
2055

213655
100029
100039

2100182

Test Start Date
6/1/2011
6/2/2011

6/17/2011
Can Weight
2267.1
2347.8

2264.8
2395.5

2307.7

Purge Flow
Start
153.4

165.73

246.65

Hot Soak
162.39

173.71

254.62

End
165.72

177.21

257.85

Post-test
RVP

8.02
Battery
Voltage

12.37
13.07











14 day VT SHED
stopped after the
10th day due to a
vehicle scale
problem, not
reading correctly.
























                                     A-l

-------
Saturn Outlook
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family

Vehicle Bake Off



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
48hrVTSHED



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
48hrVTSHED


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86"F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86"F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
5GZER13D49J181741
2009
Saturn
Outlook
9GMXT03.6151
9GMXR0197972


VTR#
913916







































Vehic e Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test*
4-Apr
Test Start Date
4/4/2011
Can Weight

Purge Flow
Start


Hot Soak


End


Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913955
Test*
1958

412140
1536
1537
Test Start Date
4/7/2011
4/8/2011
Can Weight





Purge Flow
Start




Hot Soak




End





Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913981
Test*
100001271

100412142
100001538
100001539
Test Start Date
4/11/2011
4/12/2011
Can Weight





Purge Flow
Start




Hot Soak




End



























48 hour VT Shed stopped at 33 hour into
shed due to VZS failures caused by Fid 1
fuel soleno d not work ng and analyzer's
flame to go out. VOID








10 RVP Test
VTR#
914117


Test*
1992

213562
1543
1544



Test Start Date
4/21/2011
4/22/2011


Can Weight
(After)
2453.5
2593.2

2466




Purge Flow
Start






Hot Soak






End






Post-test
RVP









Battery
Voltage





10 RVP Test
VTR#
914226


Test*
1996

412186
1602
1548



Test Start Date
4/28/2011
4/29/2011


Can Weight
(After)
2490.3
2605.3

2626




Purge Flow
Start
991.46

67.11



Hot Soak
4.41

76.75



End
9.41

82.11



Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage














14 day VT SHED
ended on day 2
due to a vehicle
scale problem.
Scale was reading
backwards. VOID

14 day VT SHED
ended on day 1
due to a vehicle
scale problem.
Scale was not
reading. VOID



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914506

914742
Test*
100000934

100412223
100001530
100001565

117044

Test Start Date
5/17/2011
5/18/2011

6/2/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1922.3
2394.1

2294.6
2303.7

2179.9

Purge Flow
Start
80.63

538

177.22

Hot Soak
97.18

553.5

188

End
101.7

559.07

192.27

Post-test
RVP

8.88
Battery
Voltage

10.09
12.97













9 RVP Test
VTR#
914762

915066
Test*
1409

412259
1569
100043

2100234

Test Start Date
6/3/2011
6/4/2011

6/20/2011
Can Weight
2351.7
2271.7

2151.4
2344.1

2223.4

Purge Flow
Start
724.72

763.21

274.04

Hot Soak
738.69

774.73

285.92

End
743.98

779.71

290.77

Post-test
RVP

7.92
Battery
Voltage

11.8
12.76












                                      A-2

-------
Toyota Camry
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family

Vehicle Bake Off


4x LA 4 Drive Trace (No Emissions)



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
48hrVTSHED



FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED






FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED





FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol.
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP



FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
4T1BE46K79U892484
2009
Toyota
Camry
9TYXV02.4BEA
9TYXR0130A12


VTR#
913990








































Vehic e Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test*
12-Apr
Test Start Date
4/12/2011
Can Weight
-
Purge Flow
Start

Hot Soak

End


Vehicle Conditioning
VTR#
914036
Test*
100001974
Test Start Date
4/15/2011
Can Weight

Purge Flow
Start

Hot Soak

End


Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
914D2D
Test*
1277

116970
1596
1597
Test Start Date
4/17/2011
4/18/2011
Can Weight



-
-
Purge Flow
Start




Hot Soak




End



























10 RVP Test
VTR#
914116/914164/
914179


Test*
1292

412222
1528
1531



Test Start Date
4/22/2011
4/23/2011


Can Weight
(After)
2140.9
2236.2

2153




Purge Flow
Start






Hot Soak






End






Post-test
RVP




















Battery
Voltage





10 RVP Test
VTR#
914203


Test*
920

412172
1528
Not Ran



Test Start Date
4/26/2011
4/27/2011


Can Weight
(After)
2121
2227.5

2150




Purge Flow
Start






Hot Soak






End






Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





10 RVP Test
VTR#
914222


Test*
100001301







Test Start Date
4/28/2011



Can Weight








Purge Flow
Start






Hot Soak






End






Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





10 RVP Test
VTR#
914227


Test*
923

412184
1497




Test Start Date
4/28/2011



Can Weight
2112.8
2230

2132.8




Purge Flow
Start
773.06

48.76



Hot Soak
786.53

61.58



End
791.56

67.11




Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
913990
Test*
925
100001498
Test Start Date
4/29/2011
Can Weight
-

Purge Flow
Start


Hot Soak


End


Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage






























14 Day VT SHED was
stopped during the
first day due to high
concentrations of
HC. VOID

Test procedure was
stopped after the
SHED Hot Soak due
to a high
concentration of HC.
VOID

Test procedure was
stopped after the
canister load of 2
gram brake through
to perform vehicle
inspection and EVAP
leak check.

Test procedure was
stopped after the
SHED Hot Soak due
to high
concentrations of
HC. VOID

1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.161
grams
                                   A-3

-------
Toyota Camry (cont.)

FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F



FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F


FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F

FET W/warm-up + FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F


FET W/warm-up + FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F


FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP



FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914242
Test*
926
100001499
Test Start Date
4/29/2011
Can Weight


Purge Flow
Start


Hot Soak


End



Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914252
Test*
927
100001500
Test Start Date
4/29/2011
Can Weight


Purge Flow
Start


Hot Soak



End


1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.187
grams

1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.017
grams

10 RVP Test SHED DEBUG
VTR#
914255\914257


Test*


412191
1503
1504



Test Start Date
4/30/2011
5/1/2011


Can Weight
2101.8
2207.4

2131




Purge Flow
Start


0



Hot Soak


13.68



End


18.58




Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914381

Test*
1318
100001512
Test Start Date
5/9/2011
Can Weight


Purge Flow
Start



Vehic
VTR#
914393\914398
Test*
1319X1320
100001514
Hot Soak



End



e Conditioning & EVAP System Debug
Test Start Date
5/9/2011
Can Weight


Purge Flow
Start


Hot Soak


End



Finial Vehicle Conditioning & EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914422
Test*
1326X1327
100001518
Test Start Date
5/11/2011
Can Weight


Purge Flow
Start


Hot Soak


End


Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage




VT SHED test
stopped after the 4th
day due to vehicle
scale not reading.
VOID

1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.133
grams

1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.021
grams

1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.016
grams

10 RVP Test
VTR#
914462\914480


Test*
1336

412219
1524
1525X1526



Test Start Date
5/13/2011
5/15/2011


Can Weight

2208.6

2131.3




Purge Flow
Start


480.45



Hot Soak


494.03



End


499.93



Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





10 RVP Test
VTR#
914505

914743
Test*
1347

412222
1528
1531

213657

Test Start Date
5/17/2011
5/18/2011

6/2/2011
Can Weight
2136.3
2233

2304
2304

2219.6

Purge Flow
Start
500.05

518.98

192.27

Hot Soak
513.6

532.66

202.28

End
518.8

538.09

206.4

Post-test
RVP

8.83
Battery
Voltage

1.9
12.48


9 RVP Test
VTR#
914777

915064
Test*
1410

213661
1533
1534

2100230

Test Start Date
6/3/2011
6/4/2011

6/20/2011
Can Weight
2181.3
2321.5

2224.8
2321.3

2238.8

Purge Flow
Start
743.98

779.71

257.84

Hot Soak
757.73

791.35

269.8

End
763.21

796.26

274.04

Post-test
RVP

8.13
Battery
Voltage

11.93
12.7

VT SHED Test
Number 1525 was
stopped during the
first day due vehicle
scale not reading. VT
SHEDTest number
1526 started then
stopped after the
2nd day due vehicle
scale not reading.
VOID













                                     A-4

-------
2009 Ford Focus
VIN
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family

Vehicle Bake Off



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5> 86°F
48hrVTSHED

EVAP Leak check and Vehicle Inspection


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED

2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
1FAHP35NX9W178664
2009
Ford
Focus
9FMXV02.0VDX
9FMXR0125NAA








Vehi
VTR#
915104
Test*
21-Jun


































c e Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test Start Date
6/21/2011
Can Weight

Purge Flow
Start

Hot Soak

End


Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
915093
Test*
100343

4100367
100366
100375
Test Start Date
6/22/2011
6/23/2011
Can Weight
1910
1980.7


1969.9
Purge Flow
Start
290.77

952.92

Hot Soak
300.96

962.73

End
307

964.67


EVAP Leak Check and Vehicle inspection
VTR#
Test*

Test Start Date
6/25/2011
Can Weight

Purge Flow
Start

Hot Soak


End


Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
915198
Test*
100453

4100468
100467
100473
Test Start Date
6/27/2011
6/28/2011
Can Weight
1877.6
2008.5


1969.9
Purge Flow
Start
995.04

22.54

Hot Soak
1015.61

38.62

End
1022.53

47.53






























The SHED Hot soak test was at a 0.024
grams and for the 48 hour VT Shed 1st day
reading was a 1.403 grams and the second
day read was a 3.441 with a total of 4.844
grams. Vehicle failed the 48 hour VT shed.











10 RVP Test
VTR#
915253

915437
Test*
100536

4100548
100546
100575

4100805

Test Start Date
6/30/2011
7/1/2011
7/2/2011

7/16/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1904.7
1988.9

1900.2
2046.6

1952

Purge Flow
Start
83.93

378.43

272.27

Hot Soak
103.29

392.03

288.91

End
109.38

399.03

296.03

Post-test
RVP

8.85


Battery
Voltage

12.3
13.17













                                      A-5

-------
2009 Ford Focus (cont.)

2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915439


Test*
100811

4100827
100830
100831



Test Start Date
7/18/2011
7/18/2011
7/18/2011


Can Weight
1934.8
2002.8

1919.5




Purge Flow
Start
343.64

412.05



Hot Soak
358.65

428.39



End
364.48

434.12



Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





9 RVP Test
VTR#
915587


Test*
101021

4101033
101013




Test Start Date
7/29/2011
7/30/2011



Can Weight

2033

1919.5




Purge Flow
Start
475.3

497.88



Hot Soak
493.1

510.41



End
497.9

517.7



Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





9 RVP Test
VTR#
915601


Test*
101049

4101068
101064
101098



Test Start Date
8/1/2011
8/1/2011
8/3/2011


Can Weight
1906
2038.6

1946




Purge Flow
Start
568.34

497.88



Hot Soak
579.71

510.41



End
584.7

517.7



Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





9 RVP Test
VTR#
915676


Test*
101150

4101168
101169
101186



Test Start Date
8/8/2011
8/9/2011
8/9/2011


Can Weight
2116
2009.4

1934.2




Purge Flow
Start
696.76

715.42



Hot Soak
710.6

730.49



End
715.42

734.88



Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





9 RVP Test
VTR#
915921

916144
Test*
101486

4101497
101496
101512

4101780

Test Start Date
8/24/2011
8/25/2011
8/26/2011

9/9/2011
Can Weight
1931.3
2017.4

1935.6
2054.1

1966.6

Purge Flow
Start
868.7

893.56

254.5

Hot Soak
887.6

908.68

269.5

End
893.4

915.47

275.3

Post-test
RVP

8.01
Battery
Voltage

12.39
12.82

During the 14dayVT
SHED Test the
building had a power
outage causingthe
SHEDto self abort.
VOID

Test procedure
stopped after the
hot soak SHED due
to high HC
concentration
caused by the trap
canister bleeding
back into SHED.

14 day VT SHED
stopped on the 5th
day due to the
canistervent line in
the SHED came
loose causing high
HC ambient
readings. VOID

14 day VT SHED
stopped after the
10th day due to the
canister hose in the
SHED split causing
HC reading to be
high in the SHED
ambient. VOID











                                       A-6

-------
Chevy Silverado
VIN
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family

2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED
.

2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86"F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
16CEK19B66Z154114
2006
Chevrolet
Silverado 1500
6GMXT05.3379
6GMXR0176820









VTR#
915213
Test*
1100463M100466

2100480
1100478
1100486













Baseline Test (10 RVP)
Test Start Date
6/27/2011
6/28/2011
Can Weight
2276.81
2193.7


2161.8






















Purge Flow
Start
358.14

45.74

Hot Soak
372.42

59.04

End
378.43

66.34

















10 RVP Test
VTR#
915290
915312

915440
Test*
100563

4100574
100573
100586

4100809

Test Start Date
7/1/2011
7/2/2011
7/4/2011

7/17/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2069.2
2197.6

2100.3
2303.4

2172.3

Purge Flow
Start
418.32

109.3

296.01

Hot Soak
434.72

122.8

309.83

End
441.66

130.2

317.5

Post-test
RVP

8.79















Battery
Voltage

12.08
13.19


9 RVP Test
VTR#
915442 / 915524

915650
Test*
100813

4100833
100832
100843 / 100995

4101121

Test Start Date
7/18/2011
7/19/2011

8/4/2011
Can Weight
2146.7
2213.1

2114
2299.4

2298.2

Purge Flow
Start
387.53

434.18

671.17

Hot Soak
404.82

447.62

688.98

End
412.04

455.33

696.76

Post-test
RVP

7.89
Battery
Voltage

12.34
13.22





























VT SHED number
100843 was ended
on the 8th day due to
SHED issues then
restarted VT SHED
number 100995 for
the remaining 6 days.
                                       A-7

-------
Nissan Altima
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family



ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°f
48hrVTSHED
1N4AAL21E08C19820
2009
Nissan
Altima
8NSXV02.5G5A
8NSXR0120PBA




































Baseline Test (10 RVP)
VTR#
915352
Test*
100627

4100641
100640
100644
Test Start Date
7/7/2011
7/8/2011
Can Weight



-
--
Purge Flow
Start
181.55

194.14

Hot Soak
189.28

207.24

End
194.11

212.16

























ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
10 RVP Test
VTR#
915428

915595
Test*
100791

4100798
100796
100804

4101040

Test Start Date
7/14/2011
7/15/2011
7/16/2011

7/31/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1761.1
1844.7

1764.4
1919.4

1814.1

Purge Flow
Start
246.7

257.21

517.76

Hot Soak
253.6

266.9

534.04

End
257.2

272.27

540.68

Post-test
RVP

8.85
Battery
Voltage

12.47
12.9



2xFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915602

915785
Test*
101052

4101070
101069
101079

4101310

Test Start Date
8/1/2011
8/2/2011

8/16/2011
Can Weight
1761.7
1834.5

1758
1911.9

1824.3

Purge Flow
Start
604.57

654.57

734.8

Hot Soak
624.44

666.63

747.33

End
631.03

671.27

751.87

Post-test
RVP

7.85
Battery
Voltage

12.47
13.18

                                       A-8

-------
2010 Ford Focus
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family

FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
1FAHP3FN8AW272304
2010
Ford
Focus
AFMXV02.0VZX
AFMXR0110GCX








VTR#
915803
Test*
4101338
101336













Check Out Test
Test Start Date
8/17/2011
8/17/2011
Can Weight












Purge Flow
Start
751.86

Hot Soak
761.24

End
766.19


Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
915881
Test*
101419

4101437
101435
101438
Test Start Date
8/22/2011
8/23/2011
Can Weight
1872
1991.6


2010
Purge Flow
Start
827.8

845.58

Hot Soak
842.6

861.92

End
847.4

868.78












10 RVP Test
VTR#
916045

916267
Test*
101649

4101660
101659
101662

4102002

Test Start Date
9/2/2011
9/3/2011

9/17/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1885.2
1989.7

1902.2
2093.5

1991.5

Purge Flow
Start
581.6

195.42

678.59

Hot Soak
600.9

215.95

696.77

End
607.6

222.83

702.78

Post-test
RVP

8.77














Battery
Voltage

11.8
13.28


9 RVP Test
VTR#
916269


Test*
102005

4102018
102017
102024



Test Start Date
9/18/2011
9/19/2011


Can Weight
1927.7
2024.1

1932.3
2041.5



Purge Flow
Start
729.86

752.78



Hot Soak
746.93

770.92



End
752.76

778.45



Post-test
RVP


Battery
Voltage





9 RVP Test
VTR#
916403

916530
Test*
102206

4102219
102217
102221

4102457

Test Start Date
9/29/2011
9/30/2011

10/15/2011
Can Weight
1937.5
2027.8

1943.1
2096.6

2054.5

Purge Flow
Start
835.7

864.1

922.9

Hot Soak
857.9

878.19

924.1

End
864.1

885.1

924.83

Post-test
RVP

7.82
Battery
Voltage

12.52
13.35


































14 day VT SHED
was ended on the
10th day due to a
vehicle scale
problem. VOID











                                      A-9

-------
2008 Ford Taurus
VIN
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family

FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F




EvAP Leakiest performed with Snap On


2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak  86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP



2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak  86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
1FAHP24W5BG174230
2008
Ford
Taurus
8FMXV03.5VEP
8FMXR0145KBK































Check out Test (Tier 2 Shed 7.8)
VTR*
916218
Test*
4101939

101940


Test Start Date
9/14/2011
9/14/2011
Can Weight





Purge Flow
Start
625.2



Hot Soak
631.5



End
636.4




EVAP LEAKIEST PERFORMED
Snap On Tool showed a .02 offices leak. No repairs made test as is.

BaselineTest(lORVP)
VTR*
916246
Test*
101972

4101986
101987
101988
Test Start Date
9/15/2011
9/16/2011
Can Weight





Purge Flow
Start
652.99

666.79

Hot Soak
664

674.31

End
666.7

678.67






























10 RVP Test
VTR*
916412

916539
Test*
102230

4102236
102235
102244

4102461

Test Start Date
10/2/2011
10/3/2011

10/17/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2189.9
2276.1

2210.9
2357.5

2264.6

Purge Flow
Start
896.51

904.13

924.8

Hot Soak
902.07

911.43

936.55

End
904.14

913.15

938.9

Post-test
RVP

8.88
Battery
Voltage

12.35
13.28


9 RVP Test
VTR*
916553/916689

916749
Test*
102491

4102500
102499
102507/102688

4102798

Test Start Date
10/18/2011
10/19/2011

11/4/2011
Can Weight
2208.2
2288.7

2217.1
2357.1

2265.1

Purge Flow
Start
954.8

963.55

975.14

Hot Soak
961.1

971.95

985.78

End
963.5

975.15

988.36

Post-test
RVP

7.83
Battery
Voltage

12.38
13.24





























14-day SHED ENDED 3 Hour
early. Trap canisterchanged
on 10/13/11. Removed
canister #3- 1703. 5g Installed
canister #2- 1584.0gAfter
shed weight- 1665. 4g.

14-day SHED re-started on
day 12 due to SHED not
performing scheduled reads.
                                     A-10

-------
2010 Toyota Prius
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family


ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
48hrVTSHED
JTDKN3DU5A0051360
2010
Toyota
Prius
ATYXV01.8HCS
ATYXR0110P42




































Baseline Test (10 RVP)
VTR#
915949
Test*
101520

4101529
101528
101530
Test Start Date
8/26/2011
8/27/2011
8/28/2011
Can Weight
-
-



Purge Flow
Start
945.52

953.38

Hot Soak
950.48

958.62

End
953.39

961.49


























ZxFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collectfuel sample - test RVP
10 RVP Test
VTR#
916034

916315
Test*
101772

4101785
101787
101802

4102120

Test Start Date
9/9/2011
9/10/2011

9/24/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2177.5
2266.8

2205.7
2303.2

2240.9

Purge Flow
Start
247.7

275.32

778.45

Hot Soak
251.61

280.29

783.82

End
254.54

284.25

786.42

Post-test
RVP

8.90
Battery
Voltage

12.23
13.09




ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collectfuel sample - test RVP





916313








102126

4102130
102129
102132

4102349







9/26/2011




9 RVP Test


2205.9
2282.1

2229.9
2309.6

2249.3



Start
797.29

804.11



913.15


Purge Flow
Hot Soak
801.53

809.08



918.75



End
804.11

811.21



922.18


Post-test
RVP







7.89

Battery
Voltage




12.47
13.09


                                      A-ll

-------
     APPENDIX B
FUEL BLENDING DETAILS

-------

Property






D5191
D1319


D4052s


D5291 CH

D5453
D5599

D613
D6729
D86




















D976

Result
ProjName
ProjSeq
WorkOrdr
SmplCode
SmplSize
Descript
DVPE
Aromatic
Olefins
Saturate
API@60F
SPGr@60F
Dens@15C
Carbon
Hydrogen
Sulfur
EtOHWt
TtlWt
CetaneNo
DHA
IBP
Evap 5
Evap 10
Evap 15
Evap 20
Evap 30
Evap 40
Evap 50
Evap 60
Evap 70
Evap 80
Evap 90
Evap 95
FBP
Recoverd
Residue
Loss
EVP200
EVP300
Drvlndx
DIEtOH
Cetanlnd

Reo#






psi
%
%
%


grams/L
wt%
wt%
ppm
Wt%
Wt%

.
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
mL
mL
mL





Base Fuel
979296
oddb
97380
57355
E10 Fuel #1
1L Al cans

11.75
30.9
12.3
56.8
59.1
0.7424
742.1
82.85
13.42
32.7
10.8653
3.77


85.9
104.5
114.8
122.2
129.1
141.6
150.7
159.9
217.5
247.5
276.3
316.1
343.6
387.5
97.5
0.8
1.7
56.02
85.92
968
992.39

High RVP
979298
oddb
97382
57355
E10 Fuel #3
1L Al cans
Batch A
9.02









11.4133
3.96


95.3
117.6
126.2
132.6
137.5
146.9
153.6
184.7
228.9
255.1
279.8
320.2
346.5
389.5
98.2
0.8
1
52.42
84.73
1063.6
1063.6

Low RVP
979297
oddb
97381
57355
E10 Fuel #2
1L Al cans
Batch B
7.81









11.3779
3.95


102.2
124.3
132.1
136.8
141.8
149.7
155.9
201.3
234
259.7
288.5
319.6
351.2
392.8
98.1
0.9
1
49.76
84.4
1121.65
1121.65

B-l

-------
     APPENDIX C
VEHICLE PHOTOGRAPHS

-------
2010 Subaru Legacy
                                     C-l

-------
C-2

-------
C-3

-------
C-4

-------
C-5

-------
C-6

-------
C-7

-------

-------
2009 Saturn Outlook

                                      C-9

-------
C-10

-------
C-ll

-------
C-12

-------
C-13

-------
      Canister
     nrr
Shed Probe 1

 Canister Vent
C-14

-------
C-15

-------
     GENEfUI.
     MOTORS
     COBPOflMION
VEHICLE  EMISSION CONTROL
        INFORMATION
Untotim to legulilion*  2009
U S  EP» cliss / tldi  LOT / Tlf H2
Cilitomia am I IBs  LOT / UIEV2
Croup 9GWKT036151 3 6L
EVJO MMXR019797?
DGKH02S/TWC  080 II
             C-16

-------
C-17

-------
C-18

-------
C-19

-------
C-20

-------
C-21

-------
C-22

-------
C-23

-------
C-24

-------
2009 Toyota Camry

                                   C-25

-------
C-26

-------
C-27

-------
C-28

-------
C-29

-------
C-30

-------
C-31

-------
C-32

-------
                                             INFORMATION
VEHICLE EMISSION  '
                        TOYOTA MOTCV . i^RPORATION
    P  GROUP :  9TYXV02.4BEA  SFI, A/FS, WU-TWC, HO2S, TWC
EVAP,  FAMILY :  9TYXR0130A12  2.4  LITER
  S VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U. S. EPA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO GASOLINE-
FUELED 2009 MODEL YEAR NEW TIER 2 BIN 5 MOTOR VEHICLES AND TO
CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO 2009  MODEL YEAR NEW LEWI
ULEV PASSENGER CARS.
CATALYST               I peon CERTIFIED I

28710  2AZ-FE   USA&CANADA
                          C-33

-------
C-34

-------
C-35

-------
C-36

-------
C-37

-------
C-38

-------
C-39

-------
C-40

-------
C-41

-------
C-42

-------
C-43

-------
2009 Ford Focus
                                     C-44

-------
C-45

-------
              Ford Motor Company
           VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFOPMATION
Conforms to regulations: 2009
U.S. EPA: T2B4 LDV
OBD: CA II        Fuel: G
California: Certified for sale ULEV II qualified PC
OBD: CA II          Fuel: Gasoline
 EGR/SFI/TWC/HO2S
No adjustments needed
2.0L-Group: 9FMXV02.0VDX
Evap:9FMXR0125NAA
V9W7E-9C485-S E C
              C-46

-------
C-47

-------
C-48

-------
2006 Chevrolet Silverado
                                       C-49

-------
             200*  MODEL YEAR
     VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL
             INFORMATION
        GENERAL MOTORS COflPOflATION
                                            CATALYST
                                              53 LITERS
                                              6GMXTOS3379
                                              66MXR0176820
NO ADJUSTMENTS NEEDED. SEE SERVICE MANUAL OR
OWNERS MANUAL FOR MORE INFORMATION.
THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U.S. EPA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE 10 NEW LIGHT -DUTY
TRUCKS  THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO FEDERAL REGULATIONS AND IS CERTIFIED FOR
SAIE IN CALIFORNIA. AND QUALIFIES AS A SULEV1 THIS VEHICLE IS CERTIFIED TO THE
CLEAN FUEL FLEET LEV STANDARDS WHEN OPERATED ON GASOLINE AND MEETS ALL THE
IPPUCABU REQUIREMENTS OF 40 CFR PART 88 OBD II CERTIFIED
                                    C-50

-------
C-51

-------
C-52

-------
2008 Nissan Altima
                                      C-53

-------
C-54

-------
C-55

-------
   VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION
THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO US EPA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO
GASOLINE-FUELED 2008 MODEL YEAR NEW TIER2 BINS PASSENGER
CARS AND CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPL. 'ABLE TO GASOLINE-
FUELED 2008 MODEL YEAR NEW LEV2-LEV PASSENGER CARS
   VACUUM HOSE ROUTING DIAGRAM
             TO £\r*» CA«f'»'£»
                    St»VICt »0»T
 8NSXV02.SGSA
 OBD-2 CERTIFIED
• EVA* PAWL*
 BNSXR0120PBA
                                    ~3J» if* «*l
                                • no OTNC* toiuf ruoiT t MEMO
                                >HW«IO»«I*CO»IT» UI » B
                                CATALYST®
  JB15B
                      C-56

-------
C-57

-------
C-58

-------
C-59

-------
2010 Ford Focus
                                     C-60

-------
              Ford Motor  ~ompa  y
           VEHICLE EMISSION CUH,nOL
Conforms to regulations: 2010 MY
       '
 OBO.
             • —
                Fu«4: Gasoline
C*Womla. SULEV II PZE * PC. CA HSC 39037 05 low
       Motor Vehicle   JBD: CA II Fu*l: Gasokne
          S^GFVSFI
                           istments needed
 20L-Group AFMXV02 OVZX
 Evap AFMXR0110GCX
    AW7E 9O48ST F Y
                  C-61

-------
C-62

-------
C-63

-------
C-64

-------
2008 Ford Taurus
                                     C-65

-------
                 Ford Motor Company
                  VEHICLE EMISSION
               CONTROL INFORMATION
Conforms to regulations: 2008 MY
U.S. EPA: T2B5 LDV
OBD: F II      Fuel: Gasoline
California: Not for sale in states with California emissions.
OBD: N/A       Fuel: N/A
      TWC/HO2S/SFI
No adjustments needed
3.5L-Group: 8FMXV03.5VEP
Evap: 8FMXR0145KBK
V8W7E-9C485-
    R AM
                  C-66

-------
C-67

-------
C-68

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2010 Toyota Prius
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              VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION
                 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORAT/ON
                     EST GROUP : ATYXV01.8HC3
Conforms to regulations
                    EVAP FAMILY : ATYXR0110P42
     2010MY HEV
U.S. EPA: T2B3 LDV   OBD : CAD   Fuel :  Gasoline
 CaWornla : PZEV  PC
                     OBD:CAE   Fuel  : Gasoline
                     SFI, EGR, A/FS, WU-TWC, H02S, TWC
  No adjustments needed.
                       2ZR-FXE
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