Multi-Day Diurnal Testing
&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
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Multi-Day Diurnal Testing
Assessment and Standards Division
Office of Transportation and Air Quality
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Prepared for EPA by
Eastern Research Group, Inc.
EPA Contract No. EP-C-06-0-80
Work Assignment No. 5-11
NOTICE
This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or
positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data
that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to
facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of
technical developments.
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA-420-R-14-006
March 2014
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feERS
Eastern Research Group, Inc.
Multi-Day Diurnal Testing
Final Report
Contract No. EP-C-06-0-80
Work Order No.5-11
Prepared by:
Eastern Research Group, Inc.
Prepared for:
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency
March 22, 2012
Revised October 25, 2013
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www.erg.com
ERG No. 0218.05.011.001
Contract Number: EP-C-06-0-80
Work Order No. 5-11
Final Report
Multi-Day Diurnal Testing
Contract No. EP-C-06-0-80
Work Order No.5-11
Prepared by:
Eastern Research Group, Inc.
3508 Far West Blvd., Suite 210
Austin, TX 78731
Jim Lindner (ERG)
Mike Sabisch (ERG)
Gerard Glinsky (SGS Environmental Testing Corp.)
Tared Stewart (SGS Environmental Testing Corp.)
Michael St. Denis (Revecorp)
Joe Roeschen (Revecorp)
Prepared for:
Mr. David Hawkins
Office of Transportation & Air Quality
Emissions Program Group
2000 Traverwood Drive
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
March 22, 2012
Revised October 25, 2013
3508 Far West Blvd., Suite 210, Austin, TX 78731 Phone: 512-407-1820 Fax: 512-419-0089
Arlington, VA Atlanta, GA Austin, TX Boston, MA Chantilly, VA Chicago, IL Cincinnati, OH Hershey, PA
Prairie Village, KS Lexington, MA Nashua, NH Research Triangle Park, NC Sacramento, CA
Equal Opportunity Employer Printed on 100% Post-Consumer Recycled Paper
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Table of Contents
1. OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND 1
2. VEHICLE PROCUREMENT AND PRE-TESTING PREPARATION 1
3. FUEL PROCUREMENT AND PREPARATION 3
4. PRE-MODIFICATION TESTING, VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS, AFTER MODIFICATION
TESTING 3
5. MULTI-DAY DIURNAL TESTING 6
6. DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DELIVERY 7
7. CONCLUSIONS 18
APPENDIX A VEHICLE TESTING REPORTS 1
APPENDIX B FUEL BLENDING DETAILS 1
APPENDIX C VEHICLE PHOTOGRAPHS 1
List of Tables
Table 1: Vehicles Tested 1
List of Figures
Figure 1: SHED Schematic 5
Figure 2: 2010 Subaru Legacy (PZEV) 10
Figure 3: 2009 Saturn Outlook 11
Figure 4: 2009 Toyota Camry 12
FigureS: 2009 Ford Focus 13
Figure 6: 2006 Chevy Silverado 14
Figure 7: 2008 Nissan Altima 15
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Figure 8: 2010 Ford Focus (PZEV) 16
Figure 9: 2008 Ford Taurus 17
Figure 10: 2010 Toyota Prius (PZEV) 18
11
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1.
OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND
Eastern Research Group (ERG) and Environmental Testing Corporation (ETC, now SGS-
ETC) were tasked by United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to design a Sealed
Housing for Evaporative Determination (SHED) test procedure that would monitor canister
loading over a 14-day diurnal SHED test. The goal was to monitor the evaporative emissions
and canister loading profiles of 9 vehicles over a 14-day diurnal period with temperatures
ranging from 72 to 95°F, which is the temperature range used in the Federal Test Procedure
(FTP). Two separate 14-day diurnals were performed on each vehicle with fuels having two
different Reid vapor pressures (RVP). The actual blended RVP values were chosen to be
representative of 9 and 10 psi RVP in-use fuels at sea level. This study was designed to provide
hydrocarbon (HC) evaporative emissions test data that could be used for evaporative emissions
modeling algorithms that estimate HC emissions over extended vehicle soak periods.
2.
VEHICLE PROCUREMENT AND PRE-TESTING PREPARATION
The ERG/ETC team tested nine vehicles for this study. All vehicles were selected by
EPA's National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory (NVFEL) and are listed in Table 1
below. Three of these vehicles were certified as Partial Zero Emission Vehicles (PZEVs) and are
shaded in Table 1. Transportation to the ETC laboratory was the responsibility of ETC. Two
vehicles, the 2010 Toyota Prius and 2010 Ford Focus, were purchased for this study because it
was less expensive to purchase the vehicles rather than rent them for the time needed to perform
the extended SHED testing. When testing was completed on these two vehicles, they were sent
directly to the NVFEL so that they could be used in future test programs at the EPA laboratory.
Table 1: Vehicles Tested
Vehicle
ID
228572
128421
128419
128417
154114
198208
272304
174230
51360
Make
Subaru
Saturn
Toyota
Ford
Chevrolet
Nissan
Ford
Ford
Toyota
Model
Legacy
Outlook
Camry
Focus
Silverado
Altima
Focus
Taurus
Prius
MY
2010
2009
2009
2009
2006
2008
2010
2008
2010
Odo
17,237
120,403
121,187
120,785
109,954
123,261
28,390
115,599
27,789
VECI Labels
Engine
AFJXJ02.5NVD
9GMXT03.6151
9TYXV02.4BEA
9FMXV02.0VDX
6GMXR0176820
8NSXV02.5G5A
AFMXV02.0VZX
8FMXV03.5VEP
ATYXV01.8HC3
Evap
AFJXR01444DR
9GMXR0197972
9TYXR0130A12
9FMXR0125NAA
6GMXT05.3379
8NSXR0120PBA
AFMXR0110GCX
8FMXR0145KBK
ATYXR0110P42
Canister
WC* (g)
144
197
130
125
176
120
110
145
110
Tank
Vol. (gal)
18.5
22
18.5
13.5
32.4
20
14.5
20
11.9
Canister/Tank
Ratio
WC(g)/
Vol (gal)
7.78
8.95
7.03
9.26
5.43
6.00
7.59
7.25
9.24
Shaded vehicles are certified PZEVs
"canister womngcapacity in grams
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Once vehicles were received at the ETC Laboratory, the following steps were taken to
prepare each vehicle for the multi-day, multi-temperature diurnal testing.
1. The vehicle was checked to ensure it was safe to operate on a dynamometer.
2. The vehicle was examined for signs of potentially extraneous evaporative
emissions, such as indications of collision, recent painting, tampering, new tires,
and interior vinyl treatments.
3. Vehicle information, such as vehicle identification number or VIN, model year,
make, model, engine and evaporative families, was documented. Pictures were
taken of each vehicle and the vehicle emission control information (VECI) label.
4. A static pressure test was performed on the evaporative emissions system by
pressurizing the system to 15 in. of water and then measuring the pressure decay
over the following 30 minutes*. If the pressure dropped by more than 2 in. of
water, ETC was to notify the EPA and then perform leak check diagnostics to find
and repair the leak. None of the vehicles failed this leak check.
5. All fluids and filters were checked and adjusted as needed. Since previous studies
had raised concerns regarding crankcase oil impacting emissions, ETC avoided
adding oil unless necessary because new oil could impact evaporative testing
results.
6. The appropriate vehicle road load settings for dynamometer testing were derived.
7. The wiper fluid reservoir was drained and flushed to eliminate potential release of
wiper fluid hydrocarbons into the SHED. This was done because only
evaporative emissions related to the fuel system were of interest in this study.
8. The air conditioning system was inspected for leaks using a flame ionization
detector (FID) total hydrocarbon analyzer attached to a flexible sample probe.
The FID system is able to detect low levels of escaping refrigerant as
hydrocarbons. The engine compartment and interior of each vehicle were
inspected for refrigerant leaks. In the engine compartment; the compressor,
condenser, and high and low pressure plumbing were closely inspected using the
FID analyzer. Inside the vehicle, the air conditioning evaporator and other
components of the air conditioning system were inspected. No leaks were found.
9. After the above steps were completed, the vehicle exterior was washed. The
vehicle engine compartment and undercarriage were also washed, and the vehicle
was "baked" for 24 hours at 120°F in the ETC hot cell with the windows down,
trunk lid and hood open, a fan blowing across the interior of the vehicle and make
up ventilation air supplied to the room. This make-up air was outside ambient air
conditioned to 3 ppm hydrocarbon (total HC measured as methane).
* This is a tighter specification than stated in CFR 86.608-98, where the required decay time is 5 minutes.
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3. FUEL PROCUREMENT AND PREPARATION
ETC purchased the fuel with 10% ethanol from a local source in the Denver area. The
fuel was then split into two batches and the RVP of each batch was adjusted to a sea level
equivalent of either 9.0 or 10.0 psi. Based on EPA guidance, it was determined that 7.6 psi
represented 9.0 psi RVP fuel at sea level and 8.8 psi represented 10.0 psi RVP fuel at sea level.
Any mention of fuel RVP hereafter refers to the nominal, sea-level equivalent RVP of that fuel.
ETC used their on-site infrared spectrometer which is capable of measuring ethanol content in
gasoline to an accuracy of 0.19% to determine the actual ethanol content in each fuel batch.
Other fuel parameters, such as the distillation curve and HC composition (olefms, aromatics, and
saturates) were measured by an outside laboratory specializing in hydrocarbon analysis to verify
fuel compliance with the standards set forth in 40 CFR 86.113. The results from the fuel test
laboratory are documented in Appendix B.
After the initial testing of the as-received fuel was complete, the two batches were stored
in totes in the ETC fuel room, which is a climate controlled containment area, to minimize any
further weathering of the fuel during the test program.
4. PRE-MODIFICATION TESTING, VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS, AFTER MODIFICATION
TESTING
After the vehicle preparation described in Section 2.0 was completed, the vehicles were
subjected to an "initial qualification" static evaporative test in the SHED at 86°F and a 48-hour
diurnal to determine the evaporative emissions before any modifications were made to the
vehicle's systems. The testing followed standard EPA protocols and included the following
steps:
1. Drain and 40% fill with 9 RVP fuel.
2. Soak the vehicle at 68-86 °F for 6 to 36 hours.
3. Prep 1 - Drive an EPA 2-phase test (LA-4) on the dynamometer with no
emissions measurements.
4. Drain and 40% fill with 9 RVP fuel.
5. Perform a canister loading procedure using butane to 2g after breakthrough.
6. Soak the vehicle at 68-86 °F for 12 to 36 hours.
7. Prep 2 - Drive an EPA 3-phase test (EPA 75) on the dynamometer with no
emissions measurements.
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8. 1 hour EPA hot soak test in the SHED at 86 +/- 2°F.
9. Remove vehicle from SHED and allow to cool to 72°F and then soak at that
temperature for 6 hours
10. 48 hour diurnal test; federal cycle of 72 to 95 °F.
The results in grams per hour from the hot soak and the 48-hour diurnal tests were then
determined.
Vehicle Modification:
The hoses from each canister were disconnected and the canister was relocated to an
outside scale. The vehicle canister was placed on the scale in an orientation as if it were in its
native environment when it was in the vehicle. Maintaining this native orientation is critical as
canisters fill with HC vapor as if the HC vapor were a liquid; therefore, a non-native orientation
can reduce the canister's design capacity. Initially, attempts were made to reconnect the canister
using the original hoses; if additional hose lengths were required, ETC attempted to minimize the
additional length in order to limit the effect of any volume change.
In the first method to measure canister bleed emissions, the vent line from the vehicle
canister was connected to a diverter valve mounted as close to the canister vent as possible. The
diverter prevented the vehicle canister inside the SHED from drawing fuel vapors trapped in the
line back into the canister as the SHED cooled, which is not representative of real-world
behavior. To mitigate this effect, ETC used a diverter valve to supply fresh air to the canister
which would prevent any bleed emissions from being drawn back into the canister as the SHED
temperature fell. The diverter valves failed after several days of operation and a new method
was developed that eliminated use of the diverter valve. All results presented in this report were
collected using the new method described below for measuring emissions from the canister vent.
In the revised method, a small air pump was used to drive the bleed emissions from the
canister vent to a trap canister located outside the SHED and also to supply fresh air for canister
back purge during the cooler segments of the diurnal cycle. The pump moved a small amount of
ambient air (3 liters per hour) through a "T" located at the canister vent to the trap canister where
the vapors were collected and measured gravimetrically on a scale. Bleed emissions were
measured continuously over the 14-day series of diurnal cycles. This method's study design is
depicted in Figure 1 below.
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Figure 1: SHED Schematic
A pressure transducer was placed in the fuel tank via the fuel cap so that pressure or
vacuum in the tank could be monitored. In addition to the canister modifications, a
thermocouple was adhered to the fuel tank skin and insulated, so the fuel tank temperature could
be recorded during the diurnal testing. This was done because the fuel tank temperature
generally lags behind changes in the SHED ambient temperature; therefore, in order to properly
time-align the vehicle canister weight gain, the fuel temperature must be known.
After Modification Testing:
After these modifications, each vehicle was processed from steps 11 to 21 ending with a
one-hour hot soak test.
11. Drain and 40% fill with 9.0 psi RVP fuel.
12. Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 6 to 36 hours.
13. Prep 1 - Drive an EPA 2-phase test (LA-4) on the dynamometer with no
emissions measurements.
14. Drain and 40% fill with 9.0 psi RVP fuel.
15. Perform a canister loading procedure using butane to 2g after breakthrough.
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16. Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 12 to 36 hours.
17. Prep 2 - Drive an EPA 3-phase test (EPA 75) on the dynamometer with no
emissions measurements.
18. Move the vehicle to the SHED, connect necessary instrumentation, place the
vehicle canister on the scale and connect a trap canister and fresh air vent. This
step was completed in less than 10 minutes.
19. 1 hour EPA hot-soak test in the SHED at 86 +/- 2°F.
20. Remove vehicle from SHED and allow to cool to 72°F and then soak at that
temperature for 6 hours
21. 48 hour diurnal test; federal cycle of 72 to 95 °F.
Results from the after modification test were compared to the results from the pre-
modification test and if the difference between the results was less than 5 mg per hour, it was
concluded that the vehicle modifications had not created any leaks.
5. MULTI-DAY DIURNAL TESTING
After each vehicle passed the post-modification check; the vehicle was processed through
steps 22 through 33. Step 33 is the multi-day diurnal test consisting of 14 days of the federal
diurnal cycles.
22. Drain and 40% fill with 10.0 psi RVP fuel.
23. Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 6 to 36 hours.
24. Prep 1 - Drive an EPA 2-phase test (LA-4) on the dynamometer with no
emissions measurements.
25. Drain and 40% fill with 9.0 psi RVP fuel.
26. Perform a canister loading procedure using butane to 2g after breakthrough.
27. Weigh canister.
28. Soak the vehicle at 68-86°F for 12 to 36 hours.
29. Prep 2 - Drive an EPA 3-phase test (EPA 75) on the dynamometer with no
emissions measurements.
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30. Move the vehicle to the SHED, connect necessary instrumentation, place the
vehicle canister on the scale and connect a trap canister and fresh air vent. This
step was completed in less than 10 minutes.
31. 1 hour EPA hot soak test in the SHED at 86 +/- 2°F.
32. Remove vehicle from SHED and allow to cool to 72°F and then soak at that
temperature for 6 hours
33. 14-day diurnal test: 14 federal cycles of 72 to 95°F.
Each vehicle was subjected to the fourteen days of diurnal testing (step 33) with
temperatures ranging from 72 to 95°F. During this testing, SHED temperature, SHED HC
concentrations, fuel tank temperature and pressure, and vehicle and trap canister masses were
measured once per minute. Once an hour, the mass of HC in the SHED was calculated, as well
as the change from the previous hour. The weights of both canisters and the fuel tank
temperature were also recorded hourly. Once a day the total change in grams of HC within the
SHED as well as in each canister were determined and recorded.
In addition to the procedure described above, the battery voltage was recorded after
completing the multi-day sequence. The Legacy, Outlook, and Camry had issues retaining
battery charge for the two week duration. It was necessary to charge the batteries on these
vehicles following the multi-day sequence.
Data checks were performed following the one hour hot soak test (Step 31), and after the
first 2 days of the multi-day sequence (step 33) to verify that the numbers were comparable to
the numbers obtained during the pre and post modification testing.
After testing on the 10.0 psi RVP fuel was completed, the fuel was changed to the 9.0 psi
RVP fuel and tested using the identical process as used for the 10.0 psi RVP fuel described
above.
Once the testing was completed on both fuels, the vehicle's fuel tank vent line, canister
and purge lines were all returned to their original connections and the vehicles were made
available for EPA to determine their disposition.
6. DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS AND DELIVERY
Findings from the initial inspections of the vehicles, pre-modification testing,
documentation of the modifications made to the vehicles, and the results of after modification
testing were made available as soon as possible after a procedure was completed. This
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information was in electronic format (Word or Excel) and usually available within one day. The
daily results of the diurnal testing were available within 12 hours of the completion of each 24
hour testing period. A testing log for each vehicle was maintained and also provided
electronically in Excel format. The figures which follow were made available each week as
testing progressed. Their purpose in this report is to provide a clear illustration of each vehicle's
canister loading profile over the 14-day diurnal test. Additional details of each vehicle's testing
are provided in Appendix A.
Processing the multi-day diurnal testing data required the following steps:
1. Raw shed data was obtained from ETC every 2-4 days (more frequently if
unusual trends had been observed) in CSV format.
2. Each vehicle was assigned its own unique Excel workbook, which was used to
process all the data for that particular vehicle throughout the study. This included
the reporting and analysis of the results for tests on both fuels.
a. Any new raw CSV data series were pasted into the appropriate tab in the
vehicles workbook (these tabs were labeled "RAW 10 RVP Data" and
"RAW 9 RVP Data"). Any data that was obtained from an ongoing test
was appended to existing data to form a complete up-to-date data series.
b. Relevant columns within the data were copied to a workbook tab labeled
as "Simple Data". The purpose of this sheet was to reduce the amount of
data to manipulate because all of the fields (columns) of data in the raw
file were not necessary for this study; therefore, this sheet made it easier to
see just the data relevant for this testing. This tab contained only the
necessary data required to evaluate the results of the multi-day diurnal
SHED testing on both fuels.
The "Simple Data" tab included the following fields for both 9.0 psi
RVP and 10.0 psi RVP fuel test results (the results of testing on both
fuels were combined into this sheet to make comparisons easier, and
to assist in the plots}:
• Test Time (Minutes) - This is the only field that was shared by
both fuel results, and was retained to provide an additional time
reference for those evaluating and appending data.
• Test Time (Hours) - Elapsed test time since start of test.
• Shed Temperature (Peg F) - Recorded SHED temperature at
displayed time interval.
• Tank Temperature (Peg F) - Recorded vehicle fuel tank
temperature at displayed time interval.
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• Adjusted SHED HC - XX RVP (grams) - This field compensates
for background HC by subtracting the HC reading obtained at
time = 0 from all subsequent readings.
• Vehicle Canister Weight - XX RVP (Grams) - This records the
vehicle's internal HC canister weight, which has been offset to 0
at Time = 0.
• Outside Canister Weight - XX RVP (Grams) - This records the
external canister weight, which has been offset to 0 at Time = 0.
c. The data found in the "Simple Data" tab were then plotted to the tab
labeled "Shed Data Chart". The data in this chart are simple scatter plots
of the data listed in the "Simple Data" tab.
In terms of additional data processing, some factors such as canister weighing
scale drift or hysteresis required some manual realignment of the data. Since each
vehicle was subjected to two continuous 14-day test cycles, some minor problems
were expected over this long of a testing period. Manual data correction was
performed for these short duration complications which included changing the
canister because it was becoming full, power outages, sample system issues, and
computer reboots which necessitated resetting the zero point on the measurements
so the data were continuous. None of these impacted the quality of the data. No
adjustments were made to the "raw" data files, but all of the data in the "Simple"
data files have been corrected, and users of the data should use this data for
analysis. In the case where the data could not be confidently realigned due to
testing difficulties, the 14 day cycle and data were abandoned, the vehicle canister
was again preconditioned and the entire test was performed again. Data
correction for time alignment was not performed, the following graphs
demonstrate a small lag in mass gain compared to SHED temperature. The tank
temperature was also measured and this data does not demonstrate a lag in the
mass gain. Any necessary adjustments were left to the users of the data, what is
in the "Simple" sheet is the un-time aligned data.
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Figure 2: 2010 Subaru Legacy (PZEV)
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Subaru Legacy -10 AND 9 RVP Fuel
180
ShtdT.np
lyrl l-.l,
vthide Cnnter vn-
vthKfe Csmittr >'.t- yf.t
OutDde Cani^r At- 10 PVP
Outadt Cania.r *t • »
«d)u9ltd$HED HC
**«««<)SHED IK-»ITV»
10
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Figure 3: 2009 Saturn Outlook
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Saturn Outlook -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
tmlTemp
vehicle Canisler W- LOttVt
anlflti «t-
Outside Cxiistei Wt- 10HVT
Outside Cmister Wt- »DVT
Adtust«J$HCD HC • lOS.f
AdjuaeJSMEDHC-SR.P
wvw
11
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Figure 4: 2009 Toyota Camry
195
-5
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Toyota Camry -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
TankTemp
•••thick Cwntcrv.t- lOO'.P
v«h*ck Canister ;M - 9RVP
Oitta.lt C»ll!»r OT • 10 RVP
Outxll
• 10 (tvc
Elips*dTimt- Days
12
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Figure 5: 2009 Ford Focus
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Ford Focus - ERG#128417 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
195
ShedTtnp
tank Temp
vehKle Canister At- lORvP
•.etude Canister V.'t- SRVP
Outside Canistti V«-10 RVP
Outside
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Figure 6: 2006 Chevy Silverado
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Chevy Silverado -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
2 SO
200
I
150
I
: 100
0
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Figure 7: 2008 Nissan Altima
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Nissan Altima -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
6 8
El*ps*d Tim* - Day:
15
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Figure 8: 2010 Ford Focus (PZEV)
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Ford Focus ERG# 272304 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
HMdTtmp
Tank Temp
Vehicle Cani!t<[ Wt- 100VP
v«hickC«ii!»r 'At
Outade Caiisttr fit- 10 P.P
Outside Onldei Wt - 9 P.; P
Adjusted SHED HC-10HVP
*d)u««d$HEtiHC-9P.'.P
AVA ;\7V
' U \j V V
6 8
Elapsed Time- Day,
12
14
16
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Figure 9: 2008 Ford Taurus
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Ford Taurus ERG# 174230 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
1.5
-Tank Temp
vehicle Can4£er w»- lofivr
vehKle csn.a-i wt- «Rvr
- Outodt Csnishr \»l • 10 ••,»
(Xitad< CanlOtr wt • > lent
-*d|u!t«dSHEt' HC - IOHP
0.5
6 8
Elapsed Tim«-Days
12
14
17
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Figure 10: 2010 Toyota Prius (PZEV)
Multiday Diurnal Chart - Toyota Prius #51360 -10 and 9 RVP Fuels
25
200
vthiclt Cwittr Wt
vthKlc CMUltorWt- 9 RVP
CXItode C»nlS«r W< • 10 RVP
Outside Canister ,'.t- 9 P;P
Ad|u«edSHECi HC - JOR.P
6 8
Ellpstd Tim* • Days
7.
CONCLUSIONS
The evaporative emissions and canister loading profiles of 9 vehicles were monitored and
recorded over a 14-day diurnal period to provide hydrocarbon evaporative emissions test data
needed for evaporative emissions modeling algorithms. Many of the procedures used in this
study were non-routine and were developed during the testing program. Two separate 14-day
diurnals ranging from 72 to 95°F were performed on each vehicle using fuels blended to be
representative of 9 and 10 psi RVP fuel at sea level. The trap canister weight gain data is an
important parameter used in this study to monitor the vehicle canister performance; however,
other methods such as using a calibrated flame ionization detector with a venturi technique to
quantify the hydrocarbon flow may be another way to obtain this information.
A few general trends are noted in the data:
18
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The vehicle canister took on more fuel vapor earlier and consistently for the
representative 10 RVP fuel.
The back-purge rate (rate of hydrocarbons being drawn back into the fuel tank
from the evaporative canister during the cooling phase of a diurnal) tended to
slightly increase each day during the start of testing and then level off around half
way through the first week.
The overall vehicle canister weight gain starts to level off halfway through the
fourteen day period.
Most vehicles experienced breakthough earlier for the 10.0 psi RVP fuel than the
9.0 psi RVP fuel. Once breakthrough occurred, the breakthrough emission rate
was generally higher for the 10.0 psi RVP fuel than for the 9.0 psi RVP fuel (the
mass gain at the trap canister has a steeper slope for 10.0 psi RVP fuel than for the
9.0 psi RVP fuel on the same vehicle).
Some of the vehicles broke through right after the third day on the representative
9.0 psi RVP fuel, which just passes the certification test.
Both Focuses, the PZEV and the non-PZEV, as well as the Outlook held out the
longest before breaking through the canister. All three of these vehicles had
relatively large canister/tank ratios (Table 1), therefore having high canister
capacity per vapor space. However, the Silverado, which had a low canister
capacity versus tank ratio, held out roughly as long as the Focuses, suggesting
canister to tank ratio may be a contributing, but not only, factor influencing time
to breakthrough.
PZEVs did not have a consistent performance trend, with the Legacy breaking
through on the fourth day of the fourteen day test for both fuels.
19
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APPENDIX A
VEHICLE TESTING REPORTS
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Subaru Legacy
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
Vehicle Bake Off
LA 4 Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
48hrVTSHED
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
4S3BMBAS5A3228572
2010
Subaru
Legacy
AFJXJ02.5NVD
AFJXR01444DR
Vehit
VTR#
913927
Test*
5-Apr
le Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test Start Date
4/5/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913957
Test*
1957
213544
1592
1593
Test Start Date
4/7/2011
4/8/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913982
Test*
1961
213546
1594
1595
Test Start Date
4/11/2011
4/12/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
SHED Hot Soak Test reading was 0.107
grams With the 48 hour VT SHED 1st day
was 1.055, 2nd day was 0.878 grams
withatota of 1.932. Performed EVAP
Leak check and vehic e inspection. We
found that an insulation pad at the fire
wall was holding HC causing high
reading. VOID
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914118
Test*
1991
213561
1510
1511
Test Start Date
4/21/2011
4/22/2011
4/23/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2274.4
2355.7
2272.5
2401.1
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914463
914488
914709
Test*
2023
213619
1523
1618
213650
Test Start Date
5/13/2011
5/14/2011
5/16/2011
5/31/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2357.7
2350.4
2269.7
2404.4
2308.5
Purge Flow
Start
454.83
467.7
141.31
Hot Soak
463.85
476.54
149.83
End
467.7
480.46
153.49
Post-test
RVP
8.93
Battery
Voltage
12.29
9 RVP Test
VTR#
914714
915019
Test*
2055
213655
100029
100039
2100182
Test Start Date
6/1/2011
6/2/2011
6/17/2011
Can Weight
2267.1
2347.8
2264.8
2395.5
2307.7
Purge Flow
Start
153.4
165.73
246.65
Hot Soak
162.39
173.71
254.62
End
165.72
177.21
257.85
Post-test
RVP
8.02
Battery
Voltage
12.37
13.07
14 day VT SHED
stopped after the
10th day due to a
vehicle scale
problem, not
reading correctly.
A-l
-------
Saturn Outlook
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
Vehicle Bake Off
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
48hrVTSHED
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
48hrVTSHED
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86"F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86"F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
5GZER13D49J181741
2009
Saturn
Outlook
9GMXT03.6151
9GMXR0197972
VTR#
913916
Vehic e Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test*
4-Apr
Test Start Date
4/4/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913955
Test*
1958
412140
1536
1537
Test Start Date
4/7/2011
4/8/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
913981
Test*
100001271
100412142
100001538
100001539
Test Start Date
4/11/2011
4/12/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
48 hour VT Shed stopped at 33 hour into
shed due to VZS failures caused by Fid 1
fuel soleno d not work ng and analyzer's
flame to go out. VOID
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914117
Test*
1992
213562
1543
1544
Test Start Date
4/21/2011
4/22/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2453.5
2593.2
2466
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914226
Test*
1996
412186
1602
1548
Test Start Date
4/28/2011
4/29/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2490.3
2605.3
2626
Purge Flow
Start
991.46
67.11
Hot Soak
4.41
76.75
End
9.41
82.11
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
14 day VT SHED
ended on day 2
due to a vehicle
scale problem.
Scale was reading
backwards. VOID
14 day VT SHED
ended on day 1
due to a vehicle
scale problem.
Scale was not
reading. VOID
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914506
914742
Test*
100000934
100412223
100001530
100001565
117044
Test Start Date
5/17/2011
5/18/2011
6/2/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1922.3
2394.1
2294.6
2303.7
2179.9
Purge Flow
Start
80.63
538
177.22
Hot Soak
97.18
553.5
188
End
101.7
559.07
192.27
Post-test
RVP
8.88
Battery
Voltage
10.09
12.97
9 RVP Test
VTR#
914762
915066
Test*
1409
412259
1569
100043
2100234
Test Start Date
6/3/2011
6/4/2011
6/20/2011
Can Weight
2351.7
2271.7
2151.4
2344.1
2223.4
Purge Flow
Start
724.72
763.21
274.04
Hot Soak
738.69
774.73
285.92
End
743.98
779.71
290.77
Post-test
RVP
7.92
Battery
Voltage
11.8
12.76
A-2
-------
Toyota Camry
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
Vehicle Bake Off
4x LA 4 Drive Trace (No Emissions)
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
48hrVTSHED
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol.
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
4T1BE46K79U892484
2009
Toyota
Camry
9TYXV02.4BEA
9TYXR0130A12
VTR#
913990
Vehic e Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test*
12-Apr
Test Start Date
4/12/2011
Can Weight
-
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Vehicle Conditioning
VTR#
914036
Test*
100001974
Test Start Date
4/15/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
914D2D
Test*
1277
116970
1596
1597
Test Start Date
4/17/2011
4/18/2011
Can Weight
-
-
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914116/914164/
914179
Test*
1292
412222
1528
1531
Test Start Date
4/22/2011
4/23/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2140.9
2236.2
2153
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914203
Test*
920
412172
1528
Not Ran
Test Start Date
4/26/2011
4/27/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2121
2227.5
2150
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914222
Test*
100001301
Test Start Date
4/28/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914227
Test*
923
412184
1497
Test Start Date
4/28/2011
Can Weight
2112.8
2230
2132.8
Purge Flow
Start
773.06
48.76
Hot Soak
786.53
61.58
End
791.56
67.11
Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
913990
Test*
925
100001498
Test Start Date
4/29/2011
Can Weight
-
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
14 Day VT SHED was
stopped during the
first day due to high
concentrations of
HC. VOID
Test procedure was
stopped after the
SHED Hot Soak due
to a high
concentration of HC.
VOID
Test procedure was
stopped after the
canister load of 2
gram brake through
to perform vehicle
inspection and EVAP
leak check.
Test procedure was
stopped after the
SHED Hot Soak due
to high
concentrations of
HC. VOID
1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.161
grams
A-3
-------
Toyota Camry (cont.)
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
FET W/warm-up + FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
FET W/warm-up + FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
FTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914242
Test*
926
100001499
Test Start Date
4/29/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914252
Test*
927
100001500
Test Start Date
4/29/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.187
grams
1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.017
grams
10 RVP Test SHED DEBUG
VTR#
914255\914257
Test*
412191
1503
1504
Test Start Date
4/30/2011
5/1/2011
Can Weight
2101.8
2207.4
2131
Purge Flow
Start
0
Hot Soak
13.68
End
18.58
Vehicle EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914381
Test*
1318
100001512
Test Start Date
5/9/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Vehic
VTR#
914393\914398
Test*
1319X1320
100001514
Hot Soak
End
e Conditioning & EVAP System Debug
Test Start Date
5/9/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Finial Vehicle Conditioning & EVAP System Debug
VTR#
914422
Test*
1326X1327
100001518
Test Start Date
5/11/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
VT SHED test
stopped after the 4th
day due to vehicle
scale not reading.
VOID
1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.133
grams
1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.021
grams
1 hour SHED Hot Soak Performed to check
EVAP system on vehicle. Readings at 0.016
grams
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914462\914480
Test*
1336
412219
1524
1525X1526
Test Start Date
5/13/2011
5/15/2011
Can Weight
2208.6
2131.3
Purge Flow
Start
480.45
Hot Soak
494.03
End
499.93
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
10 RVP Test
VTR#
914505
914743
Test*
1347
412222
1528
1531
213657
Test Start Date
5/17/2011
5/18/2011
6/2/2011
Can Weight
2136.3
2233
2304
2304
2219.6
Purge Flow
Start
500.05
518.98
192.27
Hot Soak
513.6
532.66
202.28
End
518.8
538.09
206.4
Post-test
RVP
8.83
Battery
Voltage
1.9
12.48
9 RVP Test
VTR#
914777
915064
Test*
1410
213661
1533
1534
2100230
Test Start Date
6/3/2011
6/4/2011
6/20/2011
Can Weight
2181.3
2321.5
2224.8
2321.3
2238.8
Purge Flow
Start
743.98
779.71
257.84
Hot Soak
757.73
791.35
269.8
End
763.21
796.26
274.04
Post-test
RVP
8.13
Battery
Voltage
11.93
12.7
VT SHED Test
Number 1525 was
stopped during the
first day due vehicle
scale not reading. VT
SHEDTest number
1526 started then
stopped after the
2nd day due vehicle
scale not reading.
VOID
A-4
-------
2009 Ford Focus
VIN
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
Vehicle Bake Off
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5> 86°F
48hrVTSHED
EVAP Leak check and Vehicle Inspection
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
1FAHP35NX9W178664
2009
Ford
Focus
9FMXV02.0VDX
9FMXR0125NAA
Vehi
VTR#
915104
Test*
21-Jun
c e Bake At 115 degrees for 24 hours
Test Start Date
6/21/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
915093
Test*
100343
4100367
100366
100375
Test Start Date
6/22/2011
6/23/2011
Can Weight
1910
1980.7
1969.9
Purge Flow
Start
290.77
952.92
Hot Soak
300.96
962.73
End
307
964.67
EVAP Leak Check and Vehicle inspection
VTR#
Test*
Test Start Date
6/25/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
Hot Soak
End
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
915198
Test*
100453
4100468
100467
100473
Test Start Date
6/27/2011
6/28/2011
Can Weight
1877.6
2008.5
1969.9
Purge Flow
Start
995.04
22.54
Hot Soak
1015.61
38.62
End
1022.53
47.53
The SHED Hot soak test was at a 0.024
grams and for the 48 hour VT Shed 1st day
reading was a 1.403 grams and the second
day read was a 3.441 with a total of 4.844
grams. Vehicle failed the 48 hour VT shed.
10 RVP Test
VTR#
915253
915437
Test*
100536
4100548
100546
100575
4100805
Test Start Date
6/30/2011
7/1/2011
7/2/2011
7/16/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1904.7
1988.9
1900.2
2046.6
1952
Purge Flow
Start
83.93
378.43
272.27
Hot Soak
103.29
392.03
288.91
End
109.38
399.03
296.03
Post-test
RVP
8.85
Battery
Voltage
12.3
13.17
A-5
-------
2009 Ford Focus (cont.)
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915439
Test*
100811
4100827
100830
100831
Test Start Date
7/18/2011
7/18/2011
7/18/2011
Can Weight
1934.8
2002.8
1919.5
Purge Flow
Start
343.64
412.05
Hot Soak
358.65
428.39
End
364.48
434.12
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915587
Test*
101021
4101033
101013
Test Start Date
7/29/2011
7/30/2011
Can Weight
2033
1919.5
Purge Flow
Start
475.3
497.88
Hot Soak
493.1
510.41
End
497.9
517.7
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915601
Test*
101049
4101068
101064
101098
Test Start Date
8/1/2011
8/1/2011
8/3/2011
Can Weight
1906
2038.6
1946
Purge Flow
Start
568.34
497.88
Hot Soak
579.71
510.41
End
584.7
517.7
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915676
Test*
101150
4101168
101169
101186
Test Start Date
8/8/2011
8/9/2011
8/9/2011
Can Weight
2116
2009.4
1934.2
Purge Flow
Start
696.76
715.42
Hot Soak
710.6
730.49
End
715.42
734.88
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915921
916144
Test*
101486
4101497
101496
101512
4101780
Test Start Date
8/24/2011
8/25/2011
8/26/2011
9/9/2011
Can Weight
1931.3
2017.4
1935.6
2054.1
1966.6
Purge Flow
Start
868.7
893.56
254.5
Hot Soak
887.6
908.68
269.5
End
893.4
915.47
275.3
Post-test
RVP
8.01
Battery
Voltage
12.39
12.82
During the 14dayVT
SHED Test the
building had a power
outage causingthe
SHEDto self abort.
VOID
Test procedure
stopped after the
hot soak SHED due
to high HC
concentration
caused by the trap
canister bleeding
back into SHED.
14 day VT SHED
stopped on the 5th
day due to the
canistervent line in
the SHED came
loose causing high
HC ambient
readings. VOID
14 day VT SHED
stopped after the
10th day due to the
canister hose in the
SHED split causing
HC reading to be
high in the SHED
ambient. VOID
A-6
-------
Chevy Silverado
VIN
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED
.
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86"F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
16CEK19B66Z154114
2006
Chevrolet
Silverado 1500
6GMXT05.3379
6GMXR0176820
VTR#
915213
Test*
1100463M100466
2100480
1100478
1100486
Baseline Test (10 RVP)
Test Start Date
6/27/2011
6/28/2011
Can Weight
2276.81
2193.7
2161.8
Purge Flow
Start
358.14
45.74
Hot Soak
372.42
59.04
End
378.43
66.34
10 RVP Test
VTR#
915290
915312
915440
Test*
100563
4100574
100573
100586
4100809
Test Start Date
7/1/2011
7/2/2011
7/4/2011
7/17/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2069.2
2197.6
2100.3
2303.4
2172.3
Purge Flow
Start
418.32
109.3
296.01
Hot Soak
434.72
122.8
309.83
End
441.66
130.2
317.5
Post-test
RVP
8.79
Battery
Voltage
12.08
13.19
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915442 / 915524
915650
Test*
100813
4100833
100832
100843 / 100995
4101121
Test Start Date
7/18/2011
7/19/2011
8/4/2011
Can Weight
2146.7
2213.1
2114
2299.4
2298.2
Purge Flow
Start
387.53
434.18
671.17
Hot Soak
404.82
447.62
688.98
End
412.04
455.33
696.76
Post-test
RVP
7.89
Battery
Voltage
12.34
13.22
VT SHED number
100843 was ended
on the 8th day due to
SHED issues then
restarted VT SHED
number 100995 for
the remaining 6 days.
A-7
-------
Nissan Altima
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak @86°f
48hrVTSHED
1N4AAL21E08C19820
2009
Nissan
Altima
8NSXV02.5G5A
8NSXR0120PBA
Baseline Test (10 RVP)
VTR#
915352
Test*
100627
4100641
100640
100644
Test Start Date
7/7/2011
7/8/2011
Can Weight
-
--
Purge Flow
Start
181.55
194.14
Hot Soak
189.28
207.24
End
194.11
212.16
ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
10 RVP Test
VTR#
915428
915595
Test*
100791
4100798
100796
100804
4101040
Test Start Date
7/14/2011
7/15/2011
7/16/2011
7/31/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1761.1
1844.7
1764.4
1919.4
1814.1
Purge Flow
Start
246.7
257.21
517.76
Hot Soak
253.6
266.9
534.04
End
257.2
272.27
540.68
Post-test
RVP
8.85
Battery
Voltage
12.47
12.9
2xFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions& purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
9 RVP Test
VTR#
915602
915785
Test*
101052
4101070
101069
101079
4101310
Test Start Date
8/1/2011
8/2/2011
8/16/2011
Can Weight
1761.7
1834.5
1758
1911.9
1824.3
Purge Flow
Start
604.57
654.57
734.8
Hot Soak
624.44
666.63
747.33
End
631.03
671.27
751.87
Post-test
RVP
7.85
Battery
Voltage
12.47
13.18
A-8
-------
2010 Ford Focus
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak <5> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
1FAHP3FN8AW272304
2010
Ford
Focus
AFMXV02.0VZX
AFMXR0110GCX
VTR#
915803
Test*
4101338
101336
Check Out Test
Test Start Date
8/17/2011
8/17/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
751.86
Hot Soak
761.24
End
766.19
Baseline Test (ID RVP)
VTR#
915881
Test*
101419
4101437
101435
101438
Test Start Date
8/22/2011
8/23/2011
Can Weight
1872
1991.6
2010
Purge Flow
Start
827.8
845.58
Hot Soak
842.6
861.92
End
847.4
868.78
10 RVP Test
VTR#
916045
916267
Test*
101649
4101660
101659
101662
4102002
Test Start Date
9/2/2011
9/3/2011
9/17/2011
Can Weight
(After)
1885.2
1989.7
1902.2
2093.5
1991.5
Purge Flow
Start
581.6
195.42
678.59
Hot Soak
600.9
215.95
696.77
End
607.6
222.83
702.78
Post-test
RVP
8.77
Battery
Voltage
11.8
13.28
9 RVP Test
VTR#
916269
Test*
102005
4102018
102017
102024
Test Start Date
9/18/2011
9/19/2011
Can Weight
1927.7
2024.1
1932.3
2041.5
Purge Flow
Start
729.86
752.78
Hot Soak
746.93
770.92
End
752.76
778.45
Post-test
RVP
Battery
Voltage
9 RVP Test
VTR#
916403
916530
Test*
102206
4102219
102217
102221
4102457
Test Start Date
9/29/2011
9/30/2011
10/15/2011
Can Weight
1937.5
2027.8
1943.1
2096.6
2054.5
Purge Flow
Start
835.7
864.1
922.9
Hot Soak
857.9
878.19
924.1
End
864.1
885.1
924.83
Post-test
RVP
7.82
Battery
Voltage
12.52
13.35
14 day VT SHED
was ended on the
10th day due to a
vehicle scale
problem. VOID
A-9
-------
2008 Ford Taurus
VIN
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
EvAP Leakiest performed with Snap On
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak @ 86°F
48hrVTSHED
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
2xFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
1 hr. hot soak 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collect fuel sample - test RVP
1FAHP24W5BG174230
2008
Ford
Taurus
8FMXV03.5VEP
8FMXR0145KBK
Check out Test (Tier 2 Shed 7.8)
VTR*
916218
Test*
4101939
101940
Test Start Date
9/14/2011
9/14/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
625.2
Hot Soak
631.5
End
636.4
EVAP LEAKIEST PERFORMED
Snap On Tool showed a .02 offices leak. No repairs made test as is.
BaselineTest(lORVP)
VTR*
916246
Test*
101972
4101986
101987
101988
Test Start Date
9/15/2011
9/16/2011
Can Weight
Purge Flow
Start
652.99
666.79
Hot Soak
664
674.31
End
666.7
678.67
10 RVP Test
VTR*
916412
916539
Test*
102230
4102236
102235
102244
4102461
Test Start Date
10/2/2011
10/3/2011
10/17/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2189.9
2276.1
2210.9
2357.5
2264.6
Purge Flow
Start
896.51
904.13
924.8
Hot Soak
902.07
911.43
936.55
End
904.14
913.15
938.9
Post-test
RVP
8.88
Battery
Voltage
12.35
13.28
9 RVP Test
VTR*
916553/916689
916749
Test*
102491
4102500
102499
102507/102688
4102798
Test Start Date
10/18/2011
10/19/2011
11/4/2011
Can Weight
2208.2
2288.7
2217.1
2357.1
2265.1
Purge Flow
Start
954.8
963.55
975.14
Hot Soak
961.1
971.95
985.78
End
963.5
975.15
988.36
Post-test
RVP
7.83
Battery
Voltage
12.38
13.24
14-day SHED ENDED 3 Hour
early. Trap canisterchanged
on 10/13/11. Removed
canister #3- 1703. 5g Installed
canister #2- 1584.0gAfter
shed weight- 1665. 4g.
14-day SHED re-started on
day 12 due to SHED not
performing scheduled reads.
A-10
-------
2010 Toyota Prius
VI N
Year
Make
Model
Engine Family
Evaporative Family
ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
48hrVTSHED
JTDKN3DU5A0051360
2010
Toyota
Prius
ATYXV01.8HCS
ATYXR0110P42
Baseline Test (10 RVP)
VTR#
915949
Test*
101520
4101529
101528
101530
Test Start Date
8/26/2011
8/27/2011
8/28/2011
Can Weight
-
-
Purge Flow
Start
945.52
953.38
Hot Soak
950.48
958.62
End
953.39
961.49
ZxFTP Prep (No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak (S> 86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collectfuel sample - test RVP
10 RVP Test
VTR#
916034
916315
Test*
101772
4101785
101787
101802
4102120
Test Start Date
9/9/2011
9/10/2011
9/24/2011
Can Weight
(After)
2177.5
2266.8
2205.7
2303.2
2240.9
Purge Flow
Start
247.7
275.32
778.45
Hot Soak
251.61
280.29
783.82
End
254.54
284.25
786.42
Post-test
RVP
8.90
Battery
Voltage
12.23
13.09
ZxFTP Prep {No Emissions)
Can load - 2g breakthrough
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Ihr. hot soak <5>86°F
14-day VT SHED
Charge battery
FTP w/ emissions & purge vol. (dry gas)
Collectfuel sample - test RVP
916313
102126
4102130
102129
102132
4102349
9/26/2011
9 RVP Test
2205.9
2282.1
2229.9
2309.6
2249.3
Start
797.29
804.11
913.15
Purge Flow
Hot Soak
801.53
809.08
918.75
End
804.11
811.21
922.18
Post-test
RVP
7.89
Battery
Voltage
12.47
13.09
A-ll
-------
APPENDIX B
FUEL BLENDING DETAILS
-------
Property
D5191
D1319
D4052s
D5291 CH
D5453
D5599
D613
D6729
D86
D976
Result
ProjName
ProjSeq
WorkOrdr
SmplCode
SmplSize
Descript
DVPE
Aromatic
Olefins
Saturate
API@60F
SPGr@60F
Dens@15C
Carbon
Hydrogen
Sulfur
EtOHWt
TtlWt
CetaneNo
DHA
IBP
Evap 5
Evap 10
Evap 15
Evap 20
Evap 30
Evap 40
Evap 50
Evap 60
Evap 70
Evap 80
Evap 90
Evap 95
FBP
Recoverd
Residue
Loss
EVP200
EVP300
Drvlndx
DIEtOH
Cetanlnd
Reo#
psi
%
%
%
grams/L
wt%
wt%
ppm
Wt%
Wt%
.
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
degF
mL
mL
mL
Base Fuel
979296
oddb
97380
57355
E10 Fuel #1
1L Al cans
11.75
30.9
12.3
56.8
59.1
0.7424
742.1
82.85
13.42
32.7
10.8653
3.77
85.9
104.5
114.8
122.2
129.1
141.6
150.7
159.9
217.5
247.5
276.3
316.1
343.6
387.5
97.5
0.8
1.7
56.02
85.92
968
992.39
High RVP
979298
oddb
97382
57355
E10 Fuel #3
1L Al cans
Batch A
9.02
11.4133
3.96
95.3
117.6
126.2
132.6
137.5
146.9
153.6
184.7
228.9
255.1
279.8
320.2
346.5
389.5
98.2
0.8
1
52.42
84.73
1063.6
1063.6
Low RVP
979297
oddb
97381
57355
E10 Fuel #2
1L Al cans
Batch B
7.81
11.3779
3.95
102.2
124.3
132.1
136.8
141.8
149.7
155.9
201.3
234
259.7
288.5
319.6
351.2
392.8
98.1
0.9
1
49.76
84.4
1121.65
1121.65
B-l
-------
APPENDIX C
VEHICLE PHOTOGRAPHS
-------
2010 Subaru Legacy
C-l
-------
C-2
-------
C-3
-------
C-4
-------
C-5
-------
C-6
-------
C-7
-------
-------
2009 Saturn Outlook
C-9
-------
C-10
-------
C-ll
-------
C-12
-------
C-13
-------
Canister
nrr
Shed Probe 1
Canister Vent
C-14
-------
C-15
-------
GENEfUI.
MOTORS
COBPOflMION
VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL
INFORMATION
Untotim to legulilion* 2009
U S EP» cliss / tldi LOT / Tlf H2
Cilitomia am I IBs LOT / UIEV2
Croup 9GWKT036151 3 6L
EVJO MMXR019797?
DGKH02S/TWC 080 II
C-16
-------
C-17
-------
C-18
-------
C-19
-------
C-20
-------
C-21
-------
C-22
-------
C-23
-------
C-24
-------
2009 Toyota Camry
C-25
-------
C-26
-------
C-27
-------
C-28
-------
C-29
-------
C-30
-------
C-31
-------
C-32
-------
INFORMATION
VEHICLE EMISSION '
TOYOTA MOTCV . i^RPORATION
P GROUP : 9TYXV02.4BEA SFI, A/FS, WU-TWC, HO2S, TWC
EVAP, FAMILY : 9TYXR0130A12 2.4 LITER
S VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U. S. EPA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO GASOLINE-
FUELED 2009 MODEL YEAR NEW TIER 2 BIN 5 MOTOR VEHICLES AND TO
CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO 2009 MODEL YEAR NEW LEWI
ULEV PASSENGER CARS.
CATALYST I peon CERTIFIED I
28710 2AZ-FE USA&CANADA
C-33
-------
C-34
-------
C-35
-------
C-36
-------
C-37
-------
C-38
-------
C-39
-------
C-40
-------
C-41
-------
C-42
-------
C-43
-------
2009 Ford Focus
C-44
-------
C-45
-------
Ford Motor Company
VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFOPMATION
Conforms to regulations: 2009
U.S. EPA: T2B4 LDV
OBD: CA II Fuel: G
California: Certified for sale ULEV II qualified PC
OBD: CA II Fuel: Gasoline
EGR/SFI/TWC/HO2S
No adjustments needed
2.0L-Group: 9FMXV02.0VDX
Evap:9FMXR0125NAA
V9W7E-9C485-S E C
C-46
-------
C-47
-------
C-48
-------
2006 Chevrolet Silverado
C-49
-------
200* MODEL YEAR
VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL
INFORMATION
GENERAL MOTORS COflPOflATION
CATALYST
53 LITERS
6GMXTOS3379
66MXR0176820
NO ADJUSTMENTS NEEDED. SEE SERVICE MANUAL OR
OWNERS MANUAL FOR MORE INFORMATION.
THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U.S. EPA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE 10 NEW LIGHT -DUTY
TRUCKS THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO FEDERAL REGULATIONS AND IS CERTIFIED FOR
SAIE IN CALIFORNIA. AND QUALIFIES AS A SULEV1 THIS VEHICLE IS CERTIFIED TO THE
CLEAN FUEL FLEET LEV STANDARDS WHEN OPERATED ON GASOLINE AND MEETS ALL THE
IPPUCABU REQUIREMENTS OF 40 CFR PART 88 OBD II CERTIFIED
C-50
-------
C-51
-------
C-52
-------
2008 Nissan Altima
C-53
-------
C-54
-------
C-55
-------
VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION
THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO US EPA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO
GASOLINE-FUELED 2008 MODEL YEAR NEW TIER2 BINS PASSENGER
CARS AND CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPL. 'ABLE TO GASOLINE-
FUELED 2008 MODEL YEAR NEW LEV2-LEV PASSENGER CARS
VACUUM HOSE ROUTING DIAGRAM
TO £\r*» CA«f'»'£»
St»VICt »0»T
8NSXV02.SGSA
OBD-2 CERTIFIED
• EVA* PAWL*
BNSXR0120PBA
~3J» if* «*l
• no OTNC* toiuf ruoiT t MEMO
>HW«IO»«I*CO»IT» UI » B
CATALYST®
JB15B
C-56
-------
C-57
-------
C-58
-------
C-59
-------
2010 Ford Focus
C-60
-------
Ford Motor ~ompa y
VEHICLE EMISSION CUH,nOL
Conforms to regulations: 2010 MY
'
OBO.
• —
Fu«4: Gasoline
C*Womla. SULEV II PZE * PC. CA HSC 39037 05 low
Motor Vehicle JBD: CA II Fu*l: Gasokne
S^GFVSFI
istments needed
20L-Group AFMXV02 OVZX
Evap AFMXR0110GCX
AW7E 9O48ST F Y
C-61
-------
C-62
-------
C-63
-------
C-64
-------
2008 Ford Taurus
C-65
-------
Ford Motor Company
VEHICLE EMISSION
CONTROL INFORMATION
Conforms to regulations: 2008 MY
U.S. EPA: T2B5 LDV
OBD: F II Fuel: Gasoline
California: Not for sale in states with California emissions.
OBD: N/A Fuel: N/A
TWC/HO2S/SFI
No adjustments needed
3.5L-Group: 8FMXV03.5VEP
Evap: 8FMXR0145KBK
V8W7E-9C485-
R AM
C-66
-------
C-67
-------
C-68
-------
C-69
-------
C-70
-------
C-71
-------
2010 Toyota Prius
C-72
-------
VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION
TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORAT/ON
EST GROUP : ATYXV01.8HC3
Conforms to regulations
EVAP FAMILY : ATYXR0110P42
2010MY HEV
U.S. EPA: T2B3 LDV OBD : CAD Fuel : Gasoline
CaWornla : PZEV PC
OBD:CAE Fuel : Gasoline
SFI, EGR, A/FS, WU-TWC, H02S, TWC
No adjustments needed.
2ZR-FXE
C-73
-------
C-74
-------
C-75
------- |