Technical  Bulletin

                Diesel Particulate Filter
                         Installation
    National  Clean  Diesel Campaign
            www.epa.gov/cleandiesel
Pre-lnstallation

Prior to installing  any retrofit device,  engine  inspection
and  maintenance should  be  performed  to  ensure
proper  engine  operation,   vehicle  exhaust  system
integrity,  and  amount  of lubrication  oil  consumption.
Technology Selection

To select the best Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) for a
specific vehicle it is necessary to identify:

Vehicle Type: Highway or Nonroad:

 •  Vehicle Class: School Bus, Class 8ATractor, Ferry,
   Locomotive, Forklift, etc

 •  Vehicle Specifications: Manufacturer, Model, Year

 •  Engine Specifications: Manufacturer, Model, Year,
   Displacement, Horsepower; Location, Turbo-charge,
   Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)

 •  EPA Engine Family Name: Can be found on the engine's
   emission label and contains 11 or 12 characters such as
   TCP7.2RZBDBRB or 3NVXHO466ANA

 •  Annual Miles Traveled (Highway) or Annual Hours of
   Operation (Nonroad)

 •  Engine-out PM emission levels and

 •  Engine duty cycle and the resultant exhaust temperatures.
           Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
            installed on municipal truck


The verified diesel retrofit technologies lists of the United
States  Environmental Protection Agency  (EPA)  and the
California Air Resources Board (GARB) define the specific
engine operating  criteria that must be met  in order to
successfully apply a particular retrofit technology, (www.
epa.gov/otaq/retrofit/verif-list.htm').  Installing  retrofits
on engines not included in the verification designation
may void the engine and  emission  control component
warranties, and may be considered tampering.
Exhaust Temperature Data Logging
The exhaust temperature is the main factor determining
whether a passive or active DPF is applicable fora specific
vehicle or piece of equipment.  The required minimum
exhaust temperatures for regeneration of passive  DPF
systems range from approximately 240°C for 50 percent
of the operating cycle to 400°C for 30 minutes. Active
DPF systems rely on an additional heat source and are
therefore not dependant on the engine duty cycle and the
resultant exhaust temperatures for filter  regeneration.
Data logging must be performed  on  each vehicle to
document  exhaust temperatures.  If  varying  vehicle
routes or sporadic work  loads are used, or significant
changes in  ambient  temperatures  are expected,  data
logging under different conditions may  be necessary to
accurately document duty cycle and the  resultant exhaust
temperatures. Exhaust pipe insulation  may be used to
retain heat. If insulation is used, data logging should be
performed with insulation installed. Fleets should maintain
data logging  records for all vehicles for later reference.
Installation

Installation may be performed by the retrofit supplier, or
the retrofit supplier may provide training to fleet personal
to perform installation.
Since a DPF typically weighs more and  may be larger
than the muffler, stronger clamps and brackets  may be
required in place of those used with the original muffler.
Failure to  utilize appropriate hardware can result  in a
mechanical failure of support brackets and damage to the
equipment. To facilitate removal of the DPF  for cleaning,
quick-release clamps are often used. DPFs typically come
in a kit that includes the mounting brackets.
In some applications, the  DPF matches the dimensions
of the conventional  muffler and can  be  installed as a
muffler replacement. In other cases the space available
for DPF installation on the vehicle or equipment is  very
restricted and the DPF configuration  must be  custom-
designed. Safety, visibility,  and vibration may also need to
be addressed by a custom installation. The time required
                                                                                        EPA-420-F-09-008
                                                                                            February 2009

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for DPF installation will vary depending on the situation
and can range from two to twelve hours.
Passive systems impose strict requirements on exhaust
temperatures and  must  be  mounted  within  a  set
distance from the exhaust manifold, as specified  by the
manufacturer. Exhaust pipe  insulation may be used to
retain heat. Active systems may have more flexibility in
their installation  location.
Backpressure Monitoring

An  exhaust  backpressure  monitoring  and   operator
notification  system must be installed with every DPF. If
exhaust backpressure  exceeds certain  thresholds the
operator is notified that  maintenance is needed. It  is
important that all  vehicle/equipment operators and fleet
service technicians are  properly trained to recognize and
respond to high  backpressure alert signals.

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